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Sola-Sevilla N, Garmendia-Berges M, Mera-Delgado MC, Puerta E. Context-dependent role of sirtuin 2 in inflammation. Neural Regen Res 2025; 20:682-694. [PMID: 38886935 PMCID: PMC11433891 DOI: 10.4103/nrr.nrr-d-23-02063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Sirtuin 2 is a member of the sirtuin family nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)-dependent deacetylases, known for its regulatory role in different processes, including inflammation. In this context, sirtuin 2 has been involved in the modulation of key inflammatory signaling pathways and transcription factors by deacetylating specific targets, such as nuclear factor κB and nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-leucine-rich-repeat and pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3). However, whether sirtuin 2-mediated pathways induce a pro- or an anti-inflammatory response remains controversial. Sirtuin 2 has been implicated in promoting inflammation in conditions such as asthma and neurodegenerative diseases, suggesting that its inhibition in these conditions could be a potential therapeutic strategy. Conversely, arthritis and type 2 diabetes mellitus studies suggest that sirtuin 2 is essential at the peripheral level and, thus, its inhibition in these pathologies would not be recommended. Overall, the precise role of sirtuin 2 in inflammation appears to be context-dependent, and further investigation is needed to determine the specific molecular mechanisms and downstream targets through which sirtuin 2 influences inflammatory processes in various tissues and pathological conditions. The present review explores the involvement of sirtuin 2 in the inflammation associated with different pathologies to elucidate whether its pharmacological modulation could serve as an effective strategy for treating this prevalent symptom across various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noemí Sola-Sevilla
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Maider Garmendia-Berges
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - MCarmen Mera-Delgado
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Elena Puerta
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
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Bo S, Dan M, Li W, Chen C. The regulatory mechanism of natural polysaccharides in type 2 diabetes mellitus treatment. Drug Discov Today 2024; 29:104182. [PMID: 39284523 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2024.104182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Revised: 08/25/2024] [Accepted: 09/11/2024] [Indexed: 09/27/2024]
Abstract
Diabetes is a complex, multifactorial disease that is caused by a pathological combination of insulin resistance and pancreatic islet dysfunction. Polysaccharides are extensively dispersed in nature and have a very complicated structure with various biological properties. Natural polysaccharides have potentially extraordinary beneficial health effects on managing metabolic diseases such as diabetes, obesity and cardiovascular disease. Thus, a systematic review of the latest research into and possible regulatory mechanisms of natural polysaccharides for type 2 diabetes mellitus treatment is of great significance for a better understanding of their pharmaceutical value. We discuss the regulatory mechanisms of natural polysaccharides for the treatment of diabetes, and especially their role in reshaping dysfunctional gut microbiota. Natural polysaccharides could be developed as new and safe antidiabetic drugs, and detailed mechanistic studies could further clarify the molecular targets of polysaccharides in the treatment of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surina Bo
- College of Pharmacy, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Inner Mongolia Jinshan Development Zone, Hohhot, Inner Mongolian Province 010110, China; School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Mu Dan
- College of Pharmacy, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Inner Mongolia Jinshan Development Zone, Hohhot, Inner Mongolian Province 010110, China
| | - Wei Li
- Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin Province 130118, China
| | - Chen Chen
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia.
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Li X, Wang J, Zhang M, Li X, Fan Y, Zhou X, Sun Y, Qiu Z. Biological aging mediates the associations of metabolic score for insulin resistance with all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality among US adults: A nationwide cohort study. Diabetes Obes Metab 2024; 26:3552-3564. [PMID: 38853301 DOI: 10.1111/dom.15694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
AIM To investigate the associations of metabolic score for insulin resistance (METS-IR) with all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD)-specific mortality and the potential mediating role of biological ageing. METHODS A cohort of 19 204 participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999-2018 was recruited for this study. Cox regression models, restricted cubic splines, and Kaplan-Meier survival curves were used to determine the relationships of METS-IR with all-cause and CVD-specific mortality. Mediation analyses were performed to explore the possible intermediary role of biological ageing markers, including phenotypic age (PhenoAge) and biological age (BioAge). RESULTS During a median follow-up of 9.17 years, we observed 2818 deaths, of which 875 were CVD-specific. Multivariable Cox regression showed that the highest METS-IR level (Q4) was associated with increased all-cause (hazard ratio [HR] 1.38, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.14-1.67) and CVD mortality (HR 1.52, 95% CI 1.10-2.12) compared with the Q1 level. Restricted cubic splines showed a nonlinear relationship between METS-IR and all-cause mortality. Only METS-IR above the threshold (41.02 μg/L) was positively correlated with all-cause death. METS-IR had a linear positive relationship with CVD mortality. In mediation analyses, we found that PhenoAge mediated 51.32% (p < 0.001) and 41.77% (p < 0.001) of the association between METS-IR and all-cause and CVD-specific mortality, respectively. For BioAge, the mediating proportions of PhenoAge were 21.33% (p < 0.001) and 15.88% (p < 0.001), respectively. CONCLUSIONS This study highlights the detrimental effects of insulin resistance, as measured by METS-IR, on all-cause and CVD mortality. Moreover, it underscores the role of biological ageing in mediating these associations, emphasizing the need for interventions targeting both insulin resistance and ageing processes to mitigate mortality risks in metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxuan Li
- Department of Oncology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Molecular and Translational Research, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jia Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Mengqi Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Molecular and Translational Research, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiangjun Li
- Breast Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yuchen Fan
- Department of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xinbei Zhou
- Department of Critical Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yuxin Sun
- Department of Oncology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhenkang Qiu
- Interventional Medical Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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Xu Z, Huang J, Wen M, Zhang X, Lyu D, Li S, Xiao H, Li M, Shen C, Huang H. Gentiopicroside ameliorates glucose and lipid metabolism in T2DM via targeting FGFR1. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 132:155780. [PMID: 38885580 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The suppression of the fibroblast growth factor 21/fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (FGF21/FGFR1) signaling pathway is considered as a vital factor in the type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) progression. Our previous study showed that gentiopicroside (GPS), the main active compound present in Gentiana macrophylla Pall., has the capacity to control disorders related to glucose and lipid metabolism in individuals with T2DM. Nevertheless, the specific mechanism remains unclear. PURPOSE In light of the fact that the PharmMapper database suggests FGFR1 as the target of GPS, our investigation aims to determine if GPS can enhance glucose and lipid metabolism issues in T2DM by modulating the FGF21/FGFR1 signaling pathway. METHODS In this study, we used palmitic acid (PA)-induced HepG2 cells and db/db mice to investigate the function and mechanism of GPS in the FGF21/FGFR1 signaling pathway. To examine the interaction between GPS and FGFR1, researchers performed Cellular Thermal Shift Assay (CETSA) and Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) analysis. RESULTS The results suggest that GPS activates the traditional metabolic pathways, including PI3K/AKT and AMPK, which are the subsequent stages of the FGF21/FGFR1 pathway. This activation leads to the enhancement of glucose and lipid metabolism issues in PA-treated HepG2 cells and db/db mice. Furthermore, the depletion of FGFR1 has been noticed to oppose the stimulation of PI3K/AKT and AMPK pathways by GPS in HepG2 cells subjected to PA. Notability, our research affirms that GPS binds directly to FGFR1, hindering the ubiquitinated degradation of FGFR1 by neural precursor cells expressing developmentally decreased protein 4 (NEDD4) and ultimately promoting FGF21 signal transduction. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates that GPS targeting FGFR1 activates the PI3K/AKT and AMPK pathways, which is an important mechanism for its treatment of T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanchi Xu
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratoty for Druggability and New Drug Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Guangzhou 510801, China
| | - Jucun Huang
- Hubei NO.3 People's Hospital of Jianghan University, Wuhan 430033, China
| | - Min Wen
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratoty for Druggability and New Drug Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xuting Zhang
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratoty for Druggability and New Drug Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Dongxin Lyu
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratoty for Druggability and New Drug Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Shanshan Li
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratoty for Druggability and New Drug Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Haiming Xiao
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratoty for Druggability and New Drug Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Min Li
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratoty for Druggability and New Drug Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Cuangpeng Shen
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China.
| | - Heqing Huang
- Guangzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Guangzhou 510801, China.
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Song J, Wang L, Wang L, Guo X, He Q, Cui C, Hu H, Zang N, Yang M, Yan F, Liang K, Wang C, Liu F, Sun Y, Sun Z, Lai H, Hou X, Chen L. Mesenchymal stromal cells ameliorate mitochondrial dysfunction in α cells and hyperglucagonemia in type 2 diabetes via SIRT1/FoxO3a signaling. Stem Cells Transl Med 2024; 13:776-790. [PMID: 38864709 PMCID: PMC11328933 DOI: 10.1093/stcltm/szae038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Dysregulation of α cells results in hyperglycemia and hyperglucagonemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC)-based therapy increases oxygen consumption of islets and enhances insulin secretion. However, the underlying mechanism for the protective role of MSCs in α-cell mitochondrial dysfunction remains unclear. Here, human umbilical cord MSCs (hucMSCs) were used to treat 2 kinds of T2DM mice and αTC1-6 cells to explore the role of hucMSCs in improving α-cell mitochondrial dysfunction and hyperglucagonemia. Plasma and supernatant glucagon were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Mitochondrial function of α cells was assessed by the Seahorse Analyzer. To investigate the underlying mechanisms, Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), Forkhead box O3a (FoxO3a), glucose transporter type1 (GLUT1), and glucokinase (GCK) were assessed by Western blotting analysis. In vivo, hucMSC infusion improved glucose and insulin tolerance, as well as hyperglycemia and hyperglucagonemia in T2DM mice. Meanwhile, hucMSC intervention rescued the islet structure and decreased α- to β-cell ratio. Glucagon secretion from αTC1-6 cells was consistently inhibited by hucMSCs in vitro. Meanwhile, hucMSC treatment activated intracellular SIRT1/FoxO3a signaling, promoted glucose uptake and activation, alleviated mitochondrial dysfunction, and enhanced ATP production. However, transfection of SIRT1 small interfering RNA (siRNA) or the application of SIRT1 inhibitor EX-527 weakened the therapeutic effects of hucMSCs on mitochondrial function and glucagon secretion. Our observations indicate that hucMSCs mitigate mitochondrial dysfunction and glucagon hypersecretion of α cells in T2DM via SIRT1/FoxO3a signaling, which provides novel evidence demonstrating the potential for hucMSCs in treating T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Song
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingshu Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Liming Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinghong Guo
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Qin He
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Cui
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Huiqing Hu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Nan Zang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengmeng Yang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Yan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Liang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuan Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Fuqiang Liu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yujing Sun
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Zheng Sun
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Lai
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shandong Province Medicine and Health, Jinan 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China
- Jinan Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, Jinan 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinguo Hou
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shandong Province Medicine and Health, Jinan 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China
- Jinan Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, Jinan 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Chen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shandong Province Medicine and Health, Jinan 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China
- Jinan Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, Jinan 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China
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Yang L, Liu D, Jiang S, Li H, Chen L, Wu Y, Essien AE, Opoku M, Naranmandakh S, Liu S, Ru Q, Li Y. SIRT1 signaling pathways in sarcopenia: Novel mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 177:116917. [PMID: 38908209 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia is an aging-related skeletal disease characterized by decreased muscle mass, strength, and physical function, severely affecting the quality of life (QoL) of the elderly population. Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), as a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)-dependent histone deacetylases, has been reported to participate in various aging-related signaling pathways and exert protective effect on many human diseases. SIRT1 functioned as an important role in the occurrence and progression of sarcopenia through regulating key pathways related to protein homeostasis, apoptosis, mitochondrial dysfunction, insulin resistance and autophagy in skeletal muscle, including SIRT1/Forkhead Box O (FoxO), AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/SIRT1/nuclear factor κB (NF-κB), SIRT1/p53, AMPK/SIRT1/peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1α (PGC-1α), and SIRT1/live kinase B1 (LKB1)/AMPK pathways. However, the specific mechanisms of these processes have not been fully illuminated. Currently, several SIRT1-mediated interventions on sarcopenia have been preliminarily developed, such as SIRT1 activator polyphenolic compounds, exercising and calorie restriction. In this review, we summarized the predominant mechanisms of SIRT1 involved in sarcopenia and therapeutic modalities targeting the SIRT1 signaling pathways for the prevention and prognosis of sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luning Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Di Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Shide Jiang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Central Hospital of Yongzhou, Yongzhou 425000, China
| | - Hengzhen Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Department of Health and Physical Education, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Yuxiang Wu
- Department of Health and Physical Education, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Anko Elijah Essien
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Michael Opoku
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Shinen Naranmandakh
- Department of chemistry, School of Arts and Sciences, National University of Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar 14201, Mongolia
| | - ShuGuang Liu
- Department of Joint Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Qin Ru
- Department of Health and Physical Education, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China.
| | - Yusheng Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China.
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Wang L, Bai Y, Cao Z, Guo Z, Lian Y, Liu P, Zeng Y, Lyu W, Chen Q. Histone deacetylases and inhibitors in diabetes mellitus and its complications. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 177:117010. [PMID: 38941890 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.117010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia, with its prevalence linked to both genetic predisposition and environmental factors. Epigenetic modifications, particularly through histone deacetylases (HDACs), have been recognized for their significant influence on DM pathogenesis. This review focuses on the classification of HDACs, their role in DM and its complications, and the potential therapeutic applications of HDAC inhibitors. HDACs, which modulate gene expression without altering DNA sequences, are categorized into four classes with distinct functions and tissue specificity. HDAC inhibitors (HDACi) have shown efficacy in various diseases, including DM, by targeting these enzymes. The review highlights how HDACs regulate β-cell function, insulin sensitivity, and hepatic gluconeogenesis in DM, as well as their impact on diabetic cardiomyopathy, nephropathy, and retinopathy. Finally, we suggest that targeted histone modification is expected to become a key method for the treatment of diabetes and its complications. The study of HDACi offers insights into new treatment strategies for DM and its associated complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Wang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610072, PR China; Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, PR China
| | - Yuning Bai
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, PR China
| | - Zhengmin Cao
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, PR China
| | - Ziwei Guo
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, PR China
| | - Yanjie Lian
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100010, PR China
| | - Pan Liu
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610072, PR China
| | - Yixian Zeng
- Department of Proctology, Beibei Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing 400799, PR China
| | - Wenliang Lyu
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, PR China.
| | - Qiu Chen
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610072, PR China.
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8
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Zhang M, Hu T, Ma T, Huang W, Wang Y. Epigenetics and environmental health. Front Med 2024; 18:571-596. [PMID: 38806988 DOI: 10.1007/s11684-023-1038-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
Epigenetic modifications including DNA methylation, histone modifications, chromatin remodeling, and RNA modifications complicate gene regulation and heredity and profoundly impact various physiological and pathological processes. In recent years, accumulating evidence indicates that epigenetics is vulnerable to environmental changes and regulates the growth, development, and diseases of individuals by affecting chromatin activity and regulating gene expression. Environmental exposure or induced epigenetic changes can regulate the state of development and lead to developmental disorders, aging, cardiovascular disease, Alzheimer's disease, cancers, and so on. However, epigenetic modifications are reversible. The use of specific epigenetic inhibitors targeting epigenetic changes in response to environmental exposure is useful in disease therapy. Here, we provide an overview of the role of epigenetics in various diseases. Furthermore, we summarize the mechanism of epigenetic alterations induced by different environmental exposures, the influence of different environmental exposures, and the crosstalk between environmental variation epigenetics, and genes that are implicated in the body's health. However, the interaction of multiple factors and epigenetics in regulating the initiation and progression of various diseases complicates clinical treatments. We discuss some commonly used epigenetic drugs targeting epigenetic modifications and methods to prevent or relieve various diseases regulated by environmental exposure and epigenetics through diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cancer and Microbiome, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Ting Hu
- Key Laboratory of Cancer and Microbiome, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Tianyu Ma
- Key Laboratory of Cancer and Microbiome, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis Research, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis Research, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.
| | - Yan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cancer and Microbiome, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis Research, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.
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9
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de Paula AVL, Dykstra GM, da Rocha RB, Magalhães AT, da Silva BAK, Cardoso VS. The association of diabetic peripheral neuropathy with cardiac autonomic neuropathy in individuals with diabetes mellitus: A systematic review. J Diabetes Complications 2024; 38:108802. [PMID: 38971002 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2024.108802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Abstract
This systematic review aimed to explore the relationship between diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) and cardiac autonomic neuropathy (CAN) in individuals with type 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). METHODS The systematic review follow the protocol registered in Prospero (CRD42020182899). Two authors independently searched the PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Cochrane, and Web of Science databases. Discrepancies were resolved by a third author. The review included observational studies investigating the relationship between CAN and DPN in individuals with DM. RESULTS Initially, out of 1165 studies, only 16 were selected, with 42.8 % involving volunteers with one type of diabetes, 14.3 % with both types of diabetes and 14.3 % not specify the type. The total number of volunteers was 2582, mostly with type 2 DM. It was analyzed that there is a relationship between CAN and DPN. It was observed that more severe levels of DPN are associated with worse outcomes in autonomic tests. Some studies suggested that the techniques for evaluating DPN might serve as risk factors for CAN. CONCLUSION The review presents a possible relationship between DPN and CAN, such as in their severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Vitoria Lima de Paula
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Delta do Parnaíba, Parnaíba, PI, Brazil
| | - Gabrielly Menin Dykstra
- Curso de Bacharelado em Fisioterapia, Universidade Federal do Delta do Parnaíba, Parnaíba, PI, Brazil
| | - Rebeca Barbosa da Rocha
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Delta do Parnaíba, Parnaíba, PI, Brazil
| | - Alessandra Tanuri Magalhães
- Curso de Bacharelado em Fisioterapia, Universidade Federal do Delta do Parnaíba, Parnaíba, PI, Brazil; Centro Integrado de Especialidades Médicas, Universidade Federal do Piauí (UFPI), Parnaíba, PI, Brazil
| | | | - Vinicius Saura Cardoso
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Delta do Parnaíba, Parnaíba, PI, Brazil; Centro Integrado de Especialidades Médicas, Universidade Federal do Piauí (UFPI), Parnaíba, PI, Brazil.
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10
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Sarma P, Kashyap B, Gurumayum S, Sarma S, Baruah P, Swargiary D, Saikia A, Deka RC, Borah JC. Antihyperglycemic Potential of Quercetin-3-glucoside Isolated from Leucaena leucocephala Seedpods via the SIRT1/AMPK/GLUT4 Signaling Cascade. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:32429-32443. [PMID: 39100317 PMCID: PMC11292826 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c09672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
Leucaena leucocephala. (Lam.) de Wit, a traditional medicinal plant, has been reported among the ethnic communities of Mexico, Indonesia, China, and India for the treatment of diabetes, obesity, and related complications. This study investigates the antihyperglycemic activity of the plant and its isolated active compound quercetin-3-glucoside. Further, bioactivity guided marker assisted development of an enriched bioactive fraction toward enhancing insulin sensitization was carried out. The enriched fraction was also found to contain 397.96 mg/g of quercetin-3-glucoside along with three other marker compounds, which were also isolated and identified. Quercetin-3-glucoside, out of the four isolated marker compounds from the plant, showed the most significant bioactivity when tested in palmitate-induced insulin-resistant C2C12 myotubes. The compound also showed significant upregulation of sirtuin1 (SIRT1) followed by enhancement of insulin-dependent signaling molecules SIRT1/AMPK/PGC1-α and GLUT4 translocation. Molecular dynamics studies showed the compound having stable interactions with the SIRT1 protein. SIRT1 upregulation has been associated with enhanced insulin sensitivity in skeletal muscle, increasing the glucose uptake by muscle cells. The prepared enriched fraction also modulated the SIRT1/AMPK/GLUT4 pathway. The findings of the present study may find future application toward the development of botanical or phytopharmaceutical drugs from the traditionally important plant L. leucocephala against type II diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pranamika Sarma
- Chemical
Biology Laboratory 1, Institute of Advanced
Study in Science and Technology (IASST), Paschim Boragaon, Guwahati, Assam 781035, India
- Department
of Chemistry, Gauhati University, Gopinath Bordoloi Nagar, Jalukbari, Guwahati, Assam 781014, India
| | - Bhaswati Kashyap
- Chemical
Biology Laboratory 1, Institute of Advanced
Study in Science and Technology (IASST), Paschim Boragaon, Guwahati, Assam 781035, India
| | - Shalini Gurumayum
- Chemical
Biology Laboratory 1, Institute of Advanced
Study in Science and Technology (IASST), Paschim Boragaon, Guwahati, Assam 781035, India
| | - Srutishree Sarma
- Catalysis
and Molecular Modelling Laboratory, Department of Chemical Sciences, Tezpur University, Tezpur, Assam 784028, India
| | - Paran Baruah
- Chemical
Biology Laboratory 1, Institute of Advanced
Study in Science and Technology (IASST), Paschim Boragaon, Guwahati, Assam 781035, India
| | - Deepsikha Swargiary
- Chemical
Biology Laboratory 1, Institute of Advanced
Study in Science and Technology (IASST), Paschim Boragaon, Guwahati, Assam 781035, India
| | - Abhipsa Saikia
- Chemical
Biology Laboratory 1, Institute of Advanced
Study in Science and Technology (IASST), Paschim Boragaon, Guwahati, Assam 781035, India
| | - Ramesh Ch. Deka
- Catalysis
and Molecular Modelling Laboratory, Department of Chemical Sciences, Tezpur University, Tezpur, Assam 784028, India
| | - Jagat C Borah
- Chemical
Biology Laboratory 1, Institute of Advanced
Study in Science and Technology (IASST), Paschim Boragaon, Guwahati, Assam 781035, India
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11
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Liu Y, Lyons CJ, Ayu C, O’Brien T. Enhancing endothelial colony-forming cells for treating diabetic vascular complications: challenges and clinical prospects. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1396794. [PMID: 39076517 PMCID: PMC11284052 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1396794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia, leading to various vascular complications. Accumulating evidence indicates that endothelial colony-forming cells (ECFCs) have attractive prospects for repairing and restoring blood vessels. Thus, ECFCs may be a novel therapeutic option for diabetic patients with vascular complications who require revascularization therapy. However, it has been reported that the function of ECFCs is impaired in DM, which poses challenges for the autologous transplantation of ECFCs. In this review, we summarize the molecular mechanisms that may be responsible for ECFC dysfunction and discuss potential strategies for improving the therapeutic efficacy of ECFCs derived from patients with DM. Finally, we discuss barriers to the use of ECFCs in human studies in light of the fact that there are no published reports using these cells in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Timothy O’Brien
- Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI), Biomedical Sciences Building, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
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12
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Młynarska E, Wasiak J, Gajewska A, Steć G, Jasińska J, Rysz J, Franczyk B. Exploring the Significance of Gut Microbiota in Diabetes Pathogenesis and Management-A Narrative Review. Nutrients 2024; 16:1938. [PMID: 38931292 PMCID: PMC11206785 DOI: 10.3390/nu16121938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes is a disease with significant health consequences for the individual. Currently, new mechanisms and therapeutic approaches that may affect this disease are being sought. One of them is the association of type 2 diabetes with microbiota. Through the enteric nervous system and the gut-microbiota axis, the microbiota affects the functioning of the body. It has been proven to have a real impact on influencing glucose and lipid metabolism and insulin sensitivity. With dysbiosis, there is increased bacterial translocation through the disrupted intestinal barrier and increased inflammation in the body. In diabetes, the microbiota's composition is altered with, for example, a more abundant class of Betaproteobacteria. The consequences of these disorders are linked to mechanisms involving short-chain fatty acids, branched-chain amino acids, and bacterial lipopolysaccharide, among others. Interventions focusing on the gut microbiota are gaining traction as a promising approach to diabetes management. Studies are currently being conducted on the effects of the supply of probiotics and prebiotics, as well as fecal microbiota transplantation, on the course of diabetes. Further research will allow us to fully develop our knowledge on the subject and possibly best treat and prevent type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewelina Młynarska
- Department of Nephrocardiology, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Jakub Wasiak
- Department of Nephrocardiology, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Agata Gajewska
- Department of Nephrocardiology, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Greta Steć
- Department of Nephrocardiology, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Joanna Jasińska
- Department of Nephrocardiology, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Jacek Rysz
- Department of Nephrology, Hypertension and Family Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Beata Franczyk
- Department of Nephrocardiology, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
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13
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Sun A, Yang H, Li T, Luo J, Zhou L, Chen R, Han L, Lin Y. Molecular mechanisms, targets and clinical potential of berberine in regulating metabolism: a review focussing on databases and molecular docking studies. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1368950. [PMID: 38957396 PMCID: PMC11217548 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1368950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Metabolic imbalance is the common basis of many diseases. As natural isoquinoline alkaloid, berberine (BBR) has shown great promise in regulating glucose and lipids metabolism and treating metabolic disorders. However, the related mechanism still lacks systematic research. Aim: To discuss the role of BBR in the whole body's systemic metabolic regulation and further explore its therapeutic potential and targets. Method: Based on animal and cell experiments, the mechanism of BBR regulating systemic metabolic processes is reviewed. Potential metabolism-related targets were summarized using Therapeutic Target Database (TTD), DrugBank, GeneCards, and cutting-edge literature. Molecular modeling was applied to explore BBR binding to the potential targets. Results: BBR regulates the whole-body metabolic response including digestive, circulatory, immune, endocrine, and motor systems through adenosine 5'-monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), sirtuin (SIRT)1/forkhead box O (FOXO)1/sterol regulatory element-binding protein (SREBP)2, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf) 2/heme oxygenase (HO)-1, and other signaling pathways. Through these reactions, BBR exerts hypoglycemic, lipid-regulating, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidation, and immune regulation. Molecular docking results showed that BBR could regulate metabolism targeting FOXO3, Nrf2, NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1), glutathione peroxidase (Gpx) 4 and phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha (PIK3CA). Evaluating the target clinical effects, we found that BBR has the therapeutic potential of anti-aging, anti-cancer, relieving kidney disease, regulating the nervous system, and alleviating other chronic diseases. Conclusion: This review elucidates the interaction between potential targets and small molecular metabolites by exploring the mechanism of BBR regulating metabolism. That will help pharmacologists to identify new promising metabolites interacting with these targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aru Sun
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Haoyu Yang
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Li
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jinli Luo
- China Traditional Chinese Medicine Holdings Co. Limited, Guangdong e-fong Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Foshan, China
- Graduate College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ling Zhou
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Graduate College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Chen
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Lin Han
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yiqun Lin
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang’anmen Hospital South Campus, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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14
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Kumar KK, Aburawi EH, Ljubisavljevic M, Leow MKS, Feng X, Ansari SA, Emerald BS. Exploring histone deacetylases in type 2 diabetes mellitus: pathophysiological insights and therapeutic avenues. Clin Epigenetics 2024; 16:78. [PMID: 38862980 PMCID: PMC11167878 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-024-01692-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease that impairs metabolism, and its prevalence has reached an epidemic proportion globally. Most people affected are with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), which is caused by a decline in the numbers or functioning of pancreatic endocrine islet cells, specifically the β-cells that release insulin in sufficient quantity to overcome any insulin resistance of the metabolic tissues. Genetic and epigenetic factors have been implicated as the main contributors to the T2DM. Epigenetic modifiers, histone deacetylases (HDACs), are enzymes that remove acetyl groups from histones and play an important role in a variety of molecular processes, including pancreatic cell destiny, insulin release, insulin production, insulin signalling, and glucose metabolism. HDACs also govern other regulatory processes related to diabetes, such as oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, and fibrosis, revealed by network and functional analysis. This review explains the current understanding of the function of HDACs in diabetic pathophysiology, the inhibitory role of various HDAC inhibitors (HDACi), and their functional importance as biomarkers and possible therapeutic targets for T2DM. While their role in T2DM is still emerging, a better understanding of the role of HDACi may be relevant in improving insulin sensitivity, protecting β-cells and reducing T2DM-associated complications, among others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kukkala Kiran Kumar
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, PO Box 15551, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Elhadi Husein Aburawi
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Milos Ljubisavljevic
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Melvin Khee Shing Leow
- LKC School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
- Dept of Endocrinology, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xu Feng
- Department of Biochemistry, YLL School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Suraiya Anjum Ansari
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Zayed Center for Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- ASPIRE Precision Medicine Research Institute, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Bright Starling Emerald
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, PO Box 15551, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
- Zayed Center for Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
- ASPIRE Precision Medicine Research Institute, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
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15
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Divya KP, Kanwar N, Anuranjana PV, Kumar G, Beegum F, George KT, Kumar N, Nandakumar K, Kanwal A. SIRT6 in Regulation of Mitochondrial Damage and Associated Cardiac Dysfunctions: A Possible Therapeutic Target for CVDs. Cardiovasc Toxicol 2024; 24:598-621. [PMID: 38689163 DOI: 10.1007/s12012-024-09858-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) can be described as a global health emergency imploring possible prevention strategies. Although the pathogenesis of CVDs has been extensively studied, the role of mitochondrial dysfunction in CVD development has yet to be investigated. Diabetic cardiomyopathy, ischemic-reperfusion injury, and heart failure are some of the CVDs resulting from mitochondrial dysfunction Recent evidence from the research states that any dysfunction of mitochondria has an impact on metabolic alteration, eventually causes the death of a healthy cell and therefore, progressively directing to the predisposition of disease. Cardiovascular research investigating the targets that both protect and treat mitochondrial damage will help reduce the risk and increase the quality of life of patients suffering from various CVDs. One such target, i.e., nuclear sirtuin SIRT6 is strongly associated with cardiac function. However, the link between mitochondrial dysfunction and SIRT6 concerning cardiovascular pathologies remains poorly understood. Although the Role of SIRT6 in skeletal muscles and cardiomyocytes through mitochondrial regulation has been well understood, its specific role in mitochondrial maintenance in cardiomyocytes is poorly determined. The review aims to explore the domain-specific function of SIRT6 in cardiomyocytes and is an effort to know how SIRT6, mitochondria, and CVDs are related.
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Affiliation(s)
- K P Divya
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Navjot Kanwar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Maharaja Ranjit Singh Punjab, Technical University, Bathinda, Punjab, 151005, India
| | - P V Anuranjana
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Gautam Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
- School of Pharmacy, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201310, India
| | - Fathima Beegum
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Krupa Thankam George
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Nitesh Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Educations and Research, Hajipur, Bihar, 844102, India
| | - K Nandakumar
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India.
| | - Abhinav Kanwal
- Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bathinda, Punjab, 151005, India.
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16
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Pan B, Chen C, Zhao Y, Cai J, Fu S, Liu J. SIRT3: A Potential Target of Different Types of Osteoporosis. Cell Biochem Biophys 2024; 82:489-500. [PMID: 38512537 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-024-01254-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Osteoporosis (OP) is a common age-related disease. OP is mainly a decrease in bone density and mass caused by the destruction of bone microstructure, which leads to an increase in bone fragility. SIRT3 is a mitochondrial deacetylase that plays critical roles in mitochondrial homeostasis, metabolic regulation, gene transcription, stress response, and gene stability. Studies have shown that the higher expression levels of SIRT3 are associated with decreased levels of oxidative stress in the body and may play important roles in the prevention of age-related diseases. SIRTs can enhance the osteogenic potential and osteoblastic activity of bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells not only by enhancing PGC-1α, FOXO3, SOD2, and oxidative phosphorylation, but also by anti-aging and reducing mitochondrial autophagy. SIRT3 is able to upregulate antioxidant enzymes to exert an inhibitory effect on osteoclasts, however, it has been shown that the inflammatory cascade response can in turn increase SIRT3 and inhibit osteoclast differentiation through the AMPK-PGC-1β pathway. SIRT3 plays an important role in different types of osteoporosis by affecting osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and bone marrow mesenchymal cells. In this review, we discuss the classification and physiological functions of SIRTs, the effects of SIRT3 on OCs osteoblasts, and BMSCs, and the roles and mechanisms of SIRT3 in different types of OP, such as diabetic OP, glucocorticoid-induced OP, postmenopausal OP, and senile OP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binjing Pan
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Chongyang Chen
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Yangting Zhao
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Jing Cai
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Songbo Fu
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Jingfang Liu
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China.
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China.
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17
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Xie T, Yao L, Li X. Advance in Iron Metabolism, Oxidative Stress and Cellular Dysfunction in Experimental and Human Kidney Diseases. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:659. [PMID: 38929098 PMCID: PMC11200795 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13060659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Kidney diseases pose a significant global health issue, frequently resulting in the gradual decline of renal function and eventually leading to end-stage renal failure. Abnormal iron metabolism and oxidative stress-mediated cellular dysfunction facilitates the advancement of kidney diseases. Iron homeostasis is strictly regulated in the body, and disturbance in this regulatory system results in abnormal iron accumulation or deficiency, both of which are associated with the pathogenesis of kidney diseases. Iron overload promotes the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) through the Fenton reaction, resulting in oxidative damage to cellular molecules and impaired cellular function. Increased oxidative stress can also influence iron metabolism through upregulation of iron regulatory proteins and altering the expression and activity of key iron transport and storage proteins. This creates a harmful cycle in which abnormal iron metabolism and oxidative stress perpetuate each other, ultimately contributing to the advancement of kidney diseases. The crosstalk of iron metabolism and oxidative stress involves multiple signaling pathways, such as hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathways. This review delves into the functions and mechanisms of iron metabolism and oxidative stress, along with the intricate relationship between these two factors in the context of kidney diseases. Understanding the underlying mechanisms should help to identify potential therapeutic targets and develop novel and effective therapeutic strategies to combat the burden of kidney diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiancheng Xie
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA;
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Li Yao
- Department of Nephrology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China;
| | - Xiaogang Li
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA;
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
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18
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Pei MQ, Xu LM, Yang YS, Chen WC, Chen XL, Fang YM, Lin S, He HF. Latest advances and clinical application prospects of resveratrol therapy for neurocognitive disorders. Brain Res 2024; 1830:148821. [PMID: 38401770 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2024.148821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
Neurocognitive disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease, vascular dementia, and postoperative cognitive dysfunction, are non-psychiatric brain syndromes in which a significant decline in cognitive function causes great trauma to the mental status of the patient. The lack of effective treatments for neurocognitive disorders imposes a considerable burden on society, including a substantial economic impact. Over the past few decades, the identification of resveratrol, a natural plant compound, has provided researchers with an opportunity to formulate novel strategies for the treatment of neurocognitive disorders. This is because resveratrol effectively protects the brain of those with neurocognitive disorders by targeting some mechanisms such as inflammation and oxidative stress. This article reviews the status of recent research investigating the use of resveratrol for the treatment of different neurocognitive disorders. By examining the possible mechanisms of action of resveratrol and the shared mechanisms of different neurocognitive disorders, treatments for neurocognitive disorders may be further clarified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Qin Pei
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, No. 34 North Zhongshan Road, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Li-Ming Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, No. 34 North Zhongshan Road, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Yu-Shen Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, No. 34 North Zhongshan Road, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Wei-Can Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, No. 34 North Zhongshan Road, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Xin-Li Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, No. 34 North Zhongshan Road, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Yu-Ming Fang
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, No. 34 North Zhongshan Road, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Shu Lin
- Center of Neurological and Metabolic Research, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, No. 34 North Zhongshan Road, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, China; Neuroendocrinology Group, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, 384 Victoria St, Sydney, Australia.
| | - He-Fan He
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, No. 34 North Zhongshan Road, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, China.
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Ye W, Han K, Xie M, Li S, Chen G, Wang Y, Li T. Mitochondrial energy metabolism in diabetic cardiomyopathy: Physiological adaption, pathogenesis, and therapeutic targets. Chin Med J (Engl) 2024; 137:936-948. [PMID: 38527931 PMCID: PMC11046025 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000003075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Diabetic cardiomyopathy is defined as abnormal structure and function of the heart in the setting of diabetes, which could eventually develop heart failure and leads to the death of the patients. Although blood glucose control and medications to heart failure show beneficial effects on this disease, there is currently no specific treatment for diabetic cardiomyopathy. Over the past few decades, the pathophysiology of diabetic cardiomyopathy has been extensively studied, and an increasing number of studies pinpoint that impaired mitochondrial energy metabolism is a key mediator as well as a therapeutic target. In this review, we summarize the latest research in the field of diabetic cardiomyopathy, focusing on mitochondrial damage and adaptation, altered energy substrates, and potential therapeutic targets. A better understanding of the mitochondrial energy metabolism in diabetic cardiomyopathy may help to gain more mechanistic insights and generate more precise mitochondria-oriented therapies to treat this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanlin Ye
- Department of Anesthesiology, Laboratory of Mitochondria and Metabolism, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Kun Han
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Maodi Xie
- Department of Anesthesiology, Laboratory of Mitochondria and Metabolism, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Sheyu Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Division of Guideline and Rapid Recommendation, Cochrane China Center, MAGIC China Center, Chinese Evidence-Based Medicine Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Guo Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Laboratory of Mitochondria and Metabolism, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Yanyan Wang
- Nursing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Laboratory of Mitochondria and Metabolism, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
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Wang T, Chen Y, Liu Z, Zhou J, Li N, Shan Y, He Y. Long noncoding RNA Glis2 regulates podocyte mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis in diabetic nephropathy via sponging miR-328-5p. J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e18204. [PMID: 38506068 PMCID: PMC10951868 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.18204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Podocyte apoptosis exerts a crucial role in the pathogenesis of DN. Recently, long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been gradually identified to be functional in a variety of different mechanisms associated with podocyte apoptosis. This study aimed to investigate whether lncRNA Glis2 could regulate podocyte apoptosis in DN and uncover the underlying mechanism. The apoptosis rate was detected by flow cytometry. Mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨM) was measured using JC-1 staining. Mitochondrial morphology was detected by MitoTracker Deep Red staining. Then, the histopathological and ultrastructure changes of renal tissues in diabetic mice were observed using periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) staining and transmission electron microscopy. We found that lncRNA Glis2 was significantly downregulated in high-glucose cultured podocytes and renal tissues of db/db mice. LncRNA Glis2 overexpression was found to alleviate podocyte mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis. The direct interaction between lncRNA Glis2 and miR-328-5p was confirmed by dual luciferase reporter assay. Furthermore, lncRNA Glis2 overexpression alleviated podocyte apoptosis in diabetic mice. Taken together, this study demonstrated that lncRNA Glis2, acting as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) of miRNA-328-5p, regulated Sirt1-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction and podocyte apoptosis in DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Wang
- Department of EndocrinologySecond Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuangHebeiP.R. China
| | - Yanxia Chen
- Department of EndocrinologySecond Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuangHebeiP.R. China
| | - Zhihong Liu
- Department of EndocrinologySecond Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuangHebeiP.R. China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Department of EndocrinologySecond Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuangHebeiP.R. China
| | - Na Li
- Department of EndocrinologySecond Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuangHebeiP.R. China
| | - Yue Shan
- Department of EndocrinologySecond Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuangHebeiP.R. China
| | - Yinxi He
- Department of Orthopaedic TraumaThe Third Hospital of ShijiazhuangShijiazhuangHebeiP.R. China
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Kong W, Chen J, Ruan X, Xu X, Li X, Bao M, Shao Y, Bian X, Li R, Jiang Q, Zhang Y, Li Z, Yan F, Ye J. Cardiac injury activates STING signaling via upregulating SIRT6 in macrophages after myocardial infarction. Life Sci 2024; 341:122474. [PMID: 38296191 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
AIMS This work sought to investigate the mechanism underlying the STING signaling pathway during myocardial infarction (MI), and explore the involvement and the role of SIRT6 in the process. MAIN METHODS Mice underwent the surgery of permanent left anterior descending (LAD) artery constriction. Primary cardiomyocytes (CMs) and fibroblasts were subjected to hypoxia to mimic MI in vitro. STING expression was assessed in the infarct heart, and the effect of STING inhibition on cardiac fibrosis was explored. This study also evaluated the regulatory effect of STING by SIRT6 in macrophages. KEY FINDINGS STING protein was increased in the infarct heart tissue, highlighting its involvement in the post-MI inflammatory response. Hypoxia-induced death of CMs and fibroblasts contributed to the upregulation of STING in macrophages, establishing the involvement of STING in the intercellular signaling during MI. Inhibition of STING resulted in a significant reduction of cardiac fibrosis at day 14 after MI. Additionally, this study identified SIRT6 as a key regulator of STING via influencing its acetylation and ubiquitination in macrophages, providing novel insights into the posttranscriptional modification and expression of STING at the acute phase after myocardial infarction. SIGNIFICANCE This work shows the key role of SIRT6/STING signaling in the pathogenesis of cardiac injury after MI, suggesting that targeting this regulatory pathway could be a promising strategy to attenuate cardiac fibrosis after MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weixian Kong
- College of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210006, China
| | - Jiawen Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Research Center of Biostatistics and Computational Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, PR China
| | - Xinjia Ruan
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Research Center of Biostatistics and Computational Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, PR China
| | - Xiaozhi Xu
- College of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210006, China
| | - Xie Li
- College of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210006, China
| | - Mengmeng Bao
- College of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210006, China
| | - Yuru Shao
- College of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210006, China
| | - Xiaohong Bian
- College of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210006, China
| | - Ruiyan Li
- College of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210006, China
| | - Qizhou Jiang
- College of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210006, China
| | - Yubin Zhang
- College of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210006, China
| | - Zhe Li
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China; Cardiovascular research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China; Hubei key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan 430060, China.
| | - Fangrong Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Research Center of Biostatistics and Computational Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, PR China.
| | - Junmei Ye
- College of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210006, China.
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Fedorczak A, Lewiński A, Stawerska R. Sirtuin 1 serum concentration in healthy children - dependence on sex, age, stage of puberty, body weight and diet. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1356612. [PMID: 38529393 PMCID: PMC10961438 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1356612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) is known to be involved in sensing cellular energy levels and regulating energy metabolism. This study aimed to evaluate fasting serum SIRT1 levels in healthy children, and to analyse the influence of age, sex, puberty, body weight, height, and diet on its concentration. Methods 47 healthy children aged 4-14 with weight and height within normal range and no chronic disease were included into the study. Fasting serum SIRT1 concentrations were estimated by Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). Results Results showed that serum SIRT1 concentrations in healthy children did not differ with respect to sex, age, height, weight and puberty. Whereas, it appeared that a higher frequency of fruits, vegetables and dairy products consumption was associated with an increase in serum SIRT1 levels. Discussion Studying SIRT1 in the context of children's health may have implications for a broader understanding of growth processes, pubertal development, metabolic disorders and nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Fedorczak
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Polish Mother’s Memorial Hospital – Research Institute, Lodz, Poland
| | - Andrzej Lewiński
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Polish Mother’s Memorial Hospital – Research Institute, Lodz, Poland
- Department of Paediatric Endocrinology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Renata Stawerska
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Polish Mother’s Memorial Hospital – Research Institute, Lodz, Poland
- Department of Paediatric Endocrinology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
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Chen H, Guo J, Cai Y, Zhang C, Wei F, Sun H, Cheng C, Liu W, He Z. Elucidation of the anti-β-cell dedifferentiation mechanism of a modified Da Chaihu Decoction by an integrative approach of network pharmacology and experimental verification. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 321:117481. [PMID: 38007164 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Modified Da Chaihu decoction (MDCH) is a traditional Chinese herbal prescription that has been used in the clinic to treat type 2 diabetes (T2D). Previous studies have confirmed that MDCH improves glycemic and lipid metabolism, enhances pancreatic function, and alleviates insulin resistance in patients with T2D and diabetic rats. Evidence has demonstrated that MDCH protects pancreatic β cells via regulating the gene expression of sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) and forkhead box protein O1 (FOXO1). However, the detailed mechanism remains unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY Dedifferentiation of pancreatic β cells mediated by FOXO1 has been recognized as the main pathogenesis of T2D. This study aims to investigate the therapeutic effects of MDCH on T2D in vitro and in vivo to elucidate the potential molecular mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS To predict the key targets of MDCH in treating T2D, network pharmacology methods were used. A T2D model was induced in diet-induced obese (DIO) C57BL/6 mice with a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin. Glucose metabolism indicators (oral glucose tolerance test, insulin tolerance test), lipid metabolism indicators (total cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol), inflammatory factors (C-reactive protein, interleukin 6, tumor necrosis factor alpha), oxidative stress indicators (total antioxidant capacity, superoxide dismutase, malondialdehyde), and hematoxylin and eosin staining were analyzed to evaluate the therapeutic effect of MDCH on T2D. Immunofluorescence staining and quantification of FOXO1, pancreatic and duodenal homeobox 1 (PDX1), NK6 homeobox 1 (NKX6.1), octamer-binding protein 4 (OCT4), neurogenin 3 (Ngn3), insulin, and SIRT1, and Western blot analysis of insulin, SIRT1, and FOXO1 were performed to investigate the mechanism by which MDCH inhibited pancreatic β-cell dedifferentiation. RESULTS The chemical ingredients identified in MDCH were predicted to be important for signaling pathways related to lipid metabolism and insulin resistance, including lipids in atherosclerosis, the advanced glycation end product receptor of the advanced glycation end product signaling pathway, and the FOXO signaling pathway. Experimental studies showed that MDCH improved glucose and lipid metabolism in T2D mice, alleviated inflammation and oxidative stress damage, and reduced pancreatic pathological damage. Furthermore, MDCH upregulated the expression levels of SIRT1, FOXO1, PDX1, and NKX6.1, while downregulating the expression levels of OCT4 and Ngn3, which indicated that MDCH inhibited pancreatic dedifferentiation of β cells. CONCLUSIONS MDCH has therapeutic effects on T2D, through regulating the SIRT1/FOXO1 signaling pathway to inhibit pancreatic β-cell dedifferentiation, which has not been reported previously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongdong Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijng Hepingli Hospital, NO.18th Hepingli North Street, Beijing, 100013, China; Renal Research Institution of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, and Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Jing Guo
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China; Renal Research Institution of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, and Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Yuzi Cai
- Renal Research Institution of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, and Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Renal Research Institution of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, and Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Fudong Wei
- Renal Research Institution of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, and Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Hao Sun
- Renal Research Institution of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, and Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Cheng Cheng
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijng Hepingli Hospital, NO.18th Hepingli North Street, Beijing, 100013, China
| | - Weijing Liu
- Renal Research Institution of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, and Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, China.
| | - Zhongchen He
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijng Hepingli Hospital, NO.18th Hepingli North Street, Beijing, 100013, China.
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Aftab R, Akbar F, Afroz A, Asif A, Khan MR, Rehman N, Zeeshan N. Mentha piperita silver nanoparticle-loaded hydrocolloid film for enhanced diabetic wound healing in rats. J Wound Care 2024; 33:xlviii-lx. [PMID: 38457268 DOI: 10.12968/jowc.2024.33.sup3a.xlviii] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the role of Mentha piperita silver nanoparticle-loaded carbopol gel for enhanced wound healing in a diabetic rat model. This research further aims to explore bioactive compounds derived from Mentha piperita obtained from high altitude. METHOD Methanolic extracts of Mentha piperita (MP), Mentha spicata (MS) and Mentha longifolia (ML) were used to synthesise silver nanoparticles (AgNP). AgNP synthesis was confirmed by ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The antioxidant activity was assessed by 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DDPH) assay. Antiglycation potential was determined by measuring the fluorescent advanced glycation end products. The bioactive compound identified in the Mentha piperita methanolic (MPM) fraction through electrospray ionisation tandem mass spectrometric analysis (ESI-MS) was responsible for the highest antiglycation. The effects of MPM and MPM.AgNP-loaded Carbopol (Sanare Lab, India) on wound healing were compared in male, alloxan-induced, diabetic albino rats (200-250g), divided into control and treated groups. Effects on wound healing were assessed via histopathology. RESULTS UV-Vis and FTIR confirmed NP synthesis with peaks for flavonoids and polyphenols. SEM and XRD explored the cubical, 30-63nm crystalline NP. The maximum antioxidant and antiglycation potential was observed in order of; MP.AgNP>MS.AgNP>ML.AgNP. The highest antioxidant activity was observed by methanolic and aqueous MP.AgNPs (88.55% and 83.63%, respectively) at 2mg.ml-1, and (75.16% and 69.73%, respectively) at 1mg.ml-1, compared to ascorbic acid (acting as a positive control, 90.01%). MPM.AgNPs demonstrated the best antiglycation potential of 75.2% and 83.3% at 1mg.ml-1 and 2mg.ml-1, respectively, comparable to positive control (rutin: 88.1%) at 14 days post-incubation. A similar trend was observed for antimicrobial activity against Bacillus subtilis, Micrococcus luteus and Escherichia coli with an inhibition zone of 21mm, 21.6mm and 24.6mm. Rosmarinic acid was the active compound present in Mentha piperita, as identified by ESI-MS. MPM.AgNP-loaded Carbopol resulted in 100% wound closure compared with control at 20 days post-wounding. In the treatment group, re-epithelialisation was achieved by day 18, compared with 25 days for the positive control group. CONCLUSION MPM.AgNP-loaded Carbopol demonstrated safer and more effective biological properties, hence accelerating the diabetic excision wound healing process in alloxan-induced diabetic rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reema Aftab
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Gujrat, Hafiz Hayat Campus Gujrat, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Fatima Akbar
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Gujrat, Hafiz Hayat Campus Gujrat, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Amber Afroz
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Gujrat, Hafiz Hayat Campus Gujrat, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Awais Asif
- Nawaz Sharif Medical College, University of Gujrat, Hafiz Hayat Campus Gujrat, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ramzan Khan
- National Institute for Genomics and Advanced Biotechnology, National Agricultural Research Centre, Park Road, Islamabad 45500, Pakistan
| | - Nazia Rehman
- National Institute for Genomics and Advanced Biotechnology, National Agricultural Research Centre, Park Road, Islamabad 45500, Pakistan
| | - Nadia Zeeshan
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Gujrat, Hafiz Hayat Campus Gujrat, Punjab, Pakistan
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Zhang H, Wang C, Sun H, Zhou T, Ma C, Han X, Zhang T, Xia J. Glutamine supplementation alleviated aortic atherosclerosis in mice model and in vitro. Proteomics 2024; 24:e2300179. [PMID: 37679095 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.202300179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to clarify the role of glutamine in atherosclerosis and its participating mechanism. Forty C57BL/6J mice were divided into wild control (wild Con), ApoE- /- control (ApoE- /- Con), glutamine + ApoE- /- control (Glut + ApoE- /- Con), ApoE- /- high fat diet (ApoE- /- HFD), and glutamine + ApoE- /- HFD (Glut + ApoE- /- HFD) groups. The degree of atherosclerosis, western blotting, and multiomics were detected at 18 weeks. An in vitro study was also performed. Glutamine treatment significantly decreased the degree of aortic atherosclerosis (p = 0.03). O-GlcNAcylation (O-GlcNAc), IL-1β, IL-1α, and pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) in the ApoE- /- HFD group were significantly higher than those in the ApoE- /- Con group (p < 0.05). These differences were attenuated by glutamine treatment (p < 0.05), and aggravated by O-GlcNA transferase (OGT) overexpression in the in vitro study (p < 0.05). Multiomics showed that the ApoE- /- HFD group had higher levels of oxidative stress regulatory molecules (guanine deaminase [GUAD], xanthine dehydrogenase [XDH]), proinflammatory regulatory molecules (myristic acid and myristoleic acid), and stress granules regulatory molecules (caprin-1 and deoxyribose-phosphate aldolase [DERA]) (p < 0.05). These differences were attenuated by glutamine treatment (p < 0.05). We conclude that glutamine supplementation might alleviate atherosclerosis through downregulation of O-GlcNAc, glycolysis, oxidative stress, and proinflammatory pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, National Clinical Research Centre for Geriatric Diseases, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Chunxiu Wang
- Department of Evidence-Based Medicine, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Haichen Sun
- Surgical Laboratory, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Tian Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, National Clinical Research Centre for Geriatric Diseases, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Chang Ma
- Department of Cardiology, National Clinical Research Centre for Geriatric Diseases, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xuexue Han
- Department of Cardiology, National Clinical Research Centre for Geriatric Diseases, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Tianxing Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, National Clinical Research Centre for Geriatric Diseases, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jinggang Xia
- Department of Cardiology, National Clinical Research Centre for Geriatric Diseases, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Liu X, Zhao Z, Chen D, Zhang Z, Lin X, Shen Z, Lin Q, Fan K, Wang Q, Zhang W, Ou Q. SIRT1 and miR-34a-5p Expression in PBMCs as Potential Biomarkers for Patients With Type 2 Diabetes With Cognitive Impairments. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2024; 109:815-826. [PMID: 37758217 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgad562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are at significantly increased risk of Alzheimer disease (AD). However, no biomarkers are available for early identification of patients with T2DM with cognitive impairment (T2DM-CI). Mitochondrial dysfunction is linked to AD. Silent Information Regulator 1 (SIRT1), which is responsible for regulating mitochondrial biogenesis, and its related miRNAs were also altered in AD. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to determine whether mitochondrial function in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of patients with T2DM-CI was altered and if these alterations could be used as biomarkers. METHODS A total of 374 subjects were enrolled, including AD, T2DM-CI, T2DM-nCI (T2DM without cognitive impairment), and healthy controls. The mitochondrial function was determined using a commercial assay kit. The mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) content, the expression of SIRT1, and selected miRNAs in PBMCs were measured by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The correlations and diagnostic accuracy were assessed using the Spearman correlation coefficient or receiver operating characteristics analysis, respectively. RESULTS We found significant changes in mitochondrial function in PBMCs of patients with AD compared with controls (all P < .05), which were not found in T2DM-CI. However, mtDNA content and SIRT1 mRNA expression were lower in PBMCs of patients with T2DM-CI, while miR-34a-5p expression was higher than in patients with T2DM-nCI (all P < .05). A combination of SIRT1 and miR-34a-5p demonstrated excellent discrimination between T2DM-CI and T2DM-nCI (area under the curve = 0.793; sensitivity: 80.01%; specificity: 78.46%). Furthermore, correlation analysis revealed a link between miR-34a-5p expression and hyperglycemia in T2DM-CI. CONCLUSION Our findings revealed that there was an alteration of mitochondria at the peripheral level in patients with T2DM-CI. SIRT1 combined with miR-34a-5p in PBMCs performed well in identifying patients with T2DM-CI and may be a promising biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Gene Diagnosis Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350212, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, China
- Fujian Clinical Research Center for Clinical Immunology Laboratory Test, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, China
| | - Zhipei Zhao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Gene Diagnosis Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, China
| | - Dengbin Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Gene Diagnosis Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350212, China
| | - Zeqin Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Gene Diagnosis Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350212, China
| | - Xiaozhen Lin
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, China
| | - Zhanbo Shen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Gene Diagnosis Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, China
| | - Qingwen Lin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Gene Diagnosis Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350212, China
| | - Kengna Fan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Gene Diagnosis Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350212, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Gene Diagnosis Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350212, China
| | - Weiqing Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Gene Diagnosis Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350212, China
| | - Qishui Ou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Gene Diagnosis Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350212, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, China
- Fujian Clinical Research Center for Clinical Immunology Laboratory Test, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, China
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Lombardo GE, Russo C, Maugeri A, Navarra M. Sirtuins as Players in the Signal Transduction of Citrus Flavonoids. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1956. [PMID: 38396635 PMCID: PMC10889095 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25041956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Sirtuins (SIRTs) belong to the family of nicotine adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)-dependent class III histone deacetylases, which come into play in the regulation of epigenetic processes through the deacetylation of histones and other substrates. The human genome encodes for seven homologs (SIRT1-7), which are localized into the nucleus, cytoplasm, and mitochondria, with different enzymatic activities and regulatory mechanisms. Indeed, SIRTs are involved in different physio-pathological processes responsible for the onset of several human illnesses, such as cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases, obesity and diabetes, age-related disorders, and cancer. Nowadays, it is well-known that Citrus fruits, typical of the Mediterranean diet, are an important source of bioactive compounds, such as polyphenols. Among these, flavonoids are recognized as potential agents endowed with a wide range of beneficial properties, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, hypolipidemic, and antitumoral ones. On these bases, we offer a comprehensive overview on biological effects exerted by Citrus flavonoids via targeting SIRTs, which acted as modulator of several signaling pathways. According to the reported studies, Citrus flavonoids appear to be promising SIRT modulators in many different pathologies, a role which might be potentially evaluated in future therapies, along with encouraging the study of those SIRT members which still lack proper evidence on their support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Enrico Lombardo
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (G.E.L.); (C.R.); (M.N.)
| | - Caterina Russo
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (G.E.L.); (C.R.); (M.N.)
| | - Alessandro Maugeri
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Michele Navarra
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (G.E.L.); (C.R.); (M.N.)
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Rani N, Sahu M, Ambasta RK, Kumar P. Triaging between post-translational modification of cell cycle regulators and their therapeutics in neurodegenerative diseases. Ageing Res Rev 2024; 94:102174. [PMID: 38135008 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2023.102174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and Huntington's disease, present challenges in healthcare because of their complicated etiologies and absence of healing remedies. Lately, the emerging role of post-translational modifications (PTMs), in the context of cell cycle regulators, has garnered big interest as a potential avenue for therapeutic intervention. The review explores the problematic panorama of PTMs on cell cycle regulators and their implications in neurodegenerative diseases. We delve into the dynamic phosphorylation, acetylation, ubiquitination, SUMOylation, Glycation, and Neddylation that modulate the key cell cycle regulators, consisting of cyclins, cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs), and their inhibitors. The dysregulation of these PTMs is related to aberrant cell cycle in neurons, which is one of the factors involved in neurodegenerative pathologies. Moreover, the effect of exogenous activation of CDKs and CDK inhibitors through PTMs on the signaling cascade was studied in postmitotic conditions of NDDs. Furthermore, the therapeutic implications of CDK inhibitors and associated alteration in PTMs were discussed. Lastly, we explored the putative mechanism of PTMs to restore normal neuronal function that might reverse NDDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neetu Rani
- Molecular Neuroscience and Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University (Formerly DCE), Delhi 110042
| | - Mehar Sahu
- Molecular Neuroscience and Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University (Formerly DCE), Delhi 110042
| | - Rashmi K Ambasta
- Molecular Neuroscience and Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University (Formerly DCE), Delhi 110042; Department of Biotechnology and Microbiology, SRM University, Sonepat, Haryana, India.
| | - Pravir Kumar
- Molecular Neuroscience and Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University (Formerly DCE), Delhi 110042.
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Wei W, Li T, Chen J, Fan Z, Gao F, Yu Z, Jiang Y. SIRT3/6: an amazing challenge and opportunity in the fight against fibrosis and aging. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:69. [PMID: 38294557 PMCID: PMC10830597 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-05093-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Fibrosis is a typical aging-related pathological process involving almost all organs, including the heart, kidney, liver, lung, and skin. Fibrogenesis is a highly orchestrated process defined by sequences of cellular response and molecular signals mechanisms underlying the disease. In pathophysiologic conditions associated with organ fibrosis, a variety of injurious stimuli such as metabolic disorders, epigenetic changes, and aging may induce the progression of fibrosis. Sirtuins protein is a kind of deacetylase which can regulate cell metabolism and participate in a variety of cell physiological functions. In this review, we outline our current understanding of common principles of fibrogenic mechanisms and the functional role of SIRT3/6 in aging-related fibrosis. In addition, sequences of novel protective strategies have been identified directly or indirectly according to these mechanisms. Here, we highlight the role and biological function of SIRT3/6 focus on aging fibrosis, as well as their inhibitors and activators as novel preventative or therapeutic interventions for aging-related tissue fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxin Wei
- School of Queen Mary, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Tian Li
- School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
| | - Jinlong Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nangchang University, 999 Xuefu Rd, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Zhen Fan
- The Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712000, China.
| | - Feng Gao
- Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712046, China
| | - Zhibiao Yu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nangchang University, 999 Xuefu Rd, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Yihao Jiang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nangchang University, 999 Xuefu Rd, Nanchang, 330031, China.
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Casagrande V, Menini S, Internò C, Pugliese G, Federici M, Menghini R. TIMP3 overexpression in myeloid lineage alleviates pancreatic damage and confers resistance to the development of type 1 diabetes in the MLDS -induced model. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 14:1297847. [PMID: 38313841 PMCID: PMC10835381 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1297847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) development involves a complex interplay of genetic, environmental, and immunological factors. By modulating the activity of proteases and receptors, the protein tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 3 (TIMP3) plays a role in limiting the expression and function of pro-inflammatory cytokines, which have been implicated in the advancement of T1DM. This study was aimed at examining the effect of TIMP3 overexpression in myeloid cells on the development of T1DM. Methods and results Twelve weeks after multiple low doses of streptozotocin (MLDS) treatment, diabetic mice overexpressing TIMP3 specifically in myeloid cells under the CD68 promoter (MacT3 mice) showed improved insulin secretion, islet morphology and vascularization, antioxidant defense system, and regulatory factors of mitochondrial biosynthesis and function. To get mechanistic insights into the origin of this protection, the severity of insulitis and inflammatory parameters were evaluated in pancreatic tissues 11 days after MLSD treatment, showing significantly reduced insulitis and levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin -1β, and interferon -γ in MacT3 mice. Discussion The results indicate that TIMP3 is involved in maintaining islet architecture and functions, at least in part, through modulation of pro-inflammatory cytokine production associated with insulitis and may represent a novel therapeutic strategy for T1DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viviana Casagrande
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Menini
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Internò
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Pugliese
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Massimo Federici
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
- Center for Atherosclerosis, Department of Medical Sciences, University Hospital Policlinico Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Rossella Menghini
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
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Bettiol A, Urban ML, Emmi G, Galora S, Argento FR, Fini E, Borghi S, Bagni G, Mattioli I, Prisco D, Fiorillo C, Becatti M. SIRT1 and thrombosis. Front Mol Biosci 2024; 10:1325002. [PMID: 38304233 PMCID: PMC10833004 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1325002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Thrombosis is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, with a complex and multifactorial pathogenesis. Recent studies have shown that SIRT1, a member of the sirtuin family of NAD + -dependent deacetylases, plays a crucial role in regulating thrombosis, modulating key pathways including endothelial activation, platelet aggregation, and coagulation. Furthermore, SIRT1 displays anti-inflammatory activity both in vitro, in vivo and in clinical studies, particularly via the reduction of oxidative stress. On these bases, several studies have investigated the therapeutic potential of targeting SIRT1 for the prevention of thrombosis. This review provides a comprehensive and critical overview of the main preclinical and clinical studies and of the current understanding of the role of SIRT1 in thrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Bettiol
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Firenze, Firenze, Italy
| | - Maria Letizia Urban
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Firenze, Firenze, Italy
| | - Giacomo Emmi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Firenze, Firenze, Italy
| | - Silvia Galora
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Firenze, Firenze, Italy
| | - Flavia Rita Argento
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Firenze, Firenze, Italy
| | - Eleonora Fini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Firenze, Firenze, Italy
| | - Serena Borghi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Firenze, Firenze, Italy
| | - Giacomo Bagni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Firenze, Firenze, Italy
| | - Irene Mattioli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Firenze, Firenze, Italy
| | - Domenico Prisco
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Firenze, Firenze, Italy
| | - Claudia Fiorillo
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Firenze, Firenze, Italy
| | - Matteo Becatti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Firenze, Firenze, Italy
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Abdalla MMI. Therapeutic potential of adiponectin in prediabetes: strategies, challenges, and future directions. Ther Adv Endocrinol Metab 2024; 15:20420188231222371. [PMID: 38250316 PMCID: PMC10798122 DOI: 10.1177/20420188231222371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Adiponectin, an adipose-derived hormone, plays a pivotal role in glucose regulation and lipid metabolism, with a decrease in circulating adiponectin levels being linked to insulin resistance and prediabetes. This review examines the therapeutic potential of adiponectin in managing prediabetes, elucidating on multiple aspects including its role in glucose and lipid metabolism, influence on insulin sensitivity, and anti-inflammatory properties. Moreover, the paper highlights the latest strategies to augment adiponectin levels, such as gene therapy, pharmacological interventions, dietary modifications, and lifestyle changes. It also addresses the challenges encountered in translating preclinical findings into clinical practice, primarily related to drug delivery, safety, and efficacy. Lastly, the review proposes future directions, underlining the need for large-scale human trials, novel adiponectin analogs, and personalized treatment strategies to harness adiponectin's full therapeutic potential in preventing the transition from prediabetes to diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Mohamed Ibrahim Abdalla
- Human Biology Department, School of Medicine, International Medical University, 126, Jln Jalil Perkasa 19, Bukit Jalil, Kuala Lumpur, Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
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Petrariu OA, Barbu IC, Niculescu AG, Constantin M, Grigore GA, Cristian RE, Mihaescu G, Vrancianu CO. Role of probiotics in managing various human diseases, from oral pathology to cancer and gastrointestinal diseases. Front Microbiol 2024; 14:1296447. [PMID: 38249451 PMCID: PMC10797027 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1296447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The imbalance of microbial composition and diversity in favor of pathogenic microorganisms combined with a loss of beneficial gut microbiota taxa results from factors such as age, diet, antimicrobial administration for different infections, other underlying medical conditions, etc. Probiotics are known for their capacity to improve health by stimulating the indigenous gut microbiota, enhancing host immunity resistance to infection, helping digestion, and carrying out various other functions. Concurrently, the metabolites produced by these microorganisms, termed postbiotics, which include compounds like bacteriocins, lactic acid, and hydrogen peroxide, contribute to inhibiting a wide range of pathogenic bacteria. This review presents an update on using probiotics in managing and treating various human diseases, including complications that may emerge during or after a COVID-19 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oana-Alina Petrariu
- Microbiology-Immunology Department, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
- The Research Institute of the University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ilda Czobor Barbu
- Microbiology-Immunology Department, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
- The Research Institute of the University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Adelina-Gabriela Niculescu
- The Research Institute of the University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, Politehnica University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Marian Constantin
- The Research Institute of the University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
- Institute of Biology of Romanian Academy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Georgiana Alexandra Grigore
- Microbiology-Immunology Department, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
- The Research Institute of the University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, Bucharest, Romania
- National Institute of Research and Development for Biological Sciences, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Roxana-Elena Cristian
- The Research Institute of the University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
- National Institute of Research and Development for Biological Sciences, Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Grigore Mihaescu
- Microbiology-Immunology Department, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Corneliu Ovidiu Vrancianu
- Microbiology-Immunology Department, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
- The Research Institute of the University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
- National Institute of Research and Development for Biological Sciences, Bucharest, Romania
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Chen SM, Zeng FS, Fu WW, You HT, Mu XY, Chen GF, Lv H, Li WJ, Xie MY. White hyacinth bean polysaccharide ameliorates diabetes via microbiota-gut-brain axis in type 2 diabetes mellitus rats. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:127307. [PMID: 37813213 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
Gut played a potent role in onset and progression of metabolic disorders, presenting an exciting direction for diabetes prevention. Here, the anti-diabetic effects of White hyacinth bean polysaccharides (WHBP) were observed, including the reduction of blood glucose levels and improvement of intestinal impairment in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) rats. Further data concerning intestinal protection suggested that WHBP restored intestinal barrier, as evidenced by inhibition of intestinal pathological damage, up-regulation of Zonula occluden-1 expression and manipulation of the redox system in T2DM rats. Moreover, WHBP-mediated anti-diabetic effects were in parallel with the adjustment of changes in gut microbiota composition of T2DM rats. Meanwhile, hypersecretion of corticotropin-releasing hormone, adrenocorticotropic hormone, and corticosterone levels, which were critical coordinators of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, were suppressed in T2DM rats exposed to WHBP, indicating that WHBP-mediated health benefits were referring to regulate brain feedback in reduction of HPA axis. Concomitantly, further suggested and expanded on gut-brain communication by data of microbial metabolites short-chain fatty acids, mediators of gut-brain interactions, were remarkably raised in cecum contents of T2DM rats subjected to WHBP. Collectively, WHBP performed anti-diabetic effects were associated with control of microbiota-gut-brain axis implicated in intestinal barrier, HPA axis, gut microbiota and their metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Mei Chen
- Future Institute of Technology of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Fan-Sen Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Wang-Wei Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Hui-Ting You
- School of Stomatology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Xiao-Yu Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Guang-Feng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Hao Lv
- Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Wen-Juan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China.
| | - Ming-Yong Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China
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Azizian H, Farhadi Z, Bader M, Alizadeh Ghalenoei J, Ghafari MA, Mahmoodzadeh S. GPER activation attenuates cardiac dysfunction by upregulating the SIRT1/3-AMPK-UCP2 pathway in postmenopausal diabetic rats. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0293630. [PMID: 38134189 PMCID: PMC10745199 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0293630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Postmenopausal diabetic women are at higher risk to develop cardiovascular diseases (CVD) compared with nondiabetic women. Alterations in cardiac cellular metabolism caused by changes in sirtuins are one of the main causes of CVD in postmenopausal diabetic women. Several studies have demonstrated the beneficial actions of the G protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER) in postmenopausal diabetic CVD. However, the molecular mechanisms by which GPER has a cardioprotective effect are still not well understood. In this study, we used an ovariectomized (OVX) type-two diabetic (T2D) rat model induced by high-fat diet/streptozotocin to investigate the effect of G-1 (GPER-agonist) on sirtuins, and their downstream pathways involved in regulation of cardiac metabolism and function. Animals were divided into five groups: Sham-Control, T2D, OVX+T2D, OVX+T2D+Vehicle, and OVX+T2D+G-1. G-1 was administrated for six weeks. At the end, hemodynamic factors were measured, and protein levels of sirtuins, AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), and uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) were determined by Western blot analysis. In addition, cardiac levels of oxidative stress biomarkers were measured. The findings showed that T2D led to left ventricular dysfunction and signs of oxidative stress in the myocardium, which were accompanied by decreased protein levels of Sirt1/2/3/6, p-AMPK, and UCP2 in the heart. Moreover, the induction of the menopausal state exacerbated these changes. In contrast, treatment with G-1 ameliorated the hemodynamic changes associated with ovariectomy by increasing Sirt1/3, p-AMPK, UCP2, and improving oxidative status. The results provide evidence of the cardioprotective effects of GPER operating through Sirt1/3, p-AMPK, and UCP2, thereby improving cardiac function. Our results suggest that increasing Sirt1/3 levels may offer new therapeutic approaches for postmenopausal diabetic CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Azizian
- Yazd Neuroendocrine Research Center, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Yazd, Iran
| | - Zeinab Farhadi
- Yazd Neuroendocrine Research Center, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Yazd, Iran
| | - Michael Bader
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt‐Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- University of Lübeck, Institute for Biology, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Jalil Alizadeh Ghalenoei
- Yazd Neuroendocrine Research Center, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Yazd, Iran
| | - Mohammad Amin Ghafari
- Yazd Neuroendocrine Research Center, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Yazd, Iran
| | - Shokoufeh Mahmoodzadeh
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Shaker O, El Amir M, Elfatah YA, Elwi HM. Expression patterns of lncRNA MALAT-1 in SARS-COV-2 infection and its potential effect on disease severity via miR-200c-3p and SIRT1. Biochem Biophys Rep 2023; 36:101562. [PMID: 37965063 PMCID: PMC10641570 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2023.101562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Downregulating Angiotensin Converting Enzyme2 (ACE2) expression may be a shared mechanism for RNA viruses. Aim Evaluate the expressions of ACE2 effectors: the long non-coding RNA 'MALAT-1', the micro-RNA 'miR-200c-3p' and the histone deacetylase 'SIRT1' in SARS-COV-2 patients and correlate to disease severity. Sera samples from 98 SARS-COV-2 patients and 30 healthy control participants were collected. qRT-PCR was used for MALAT-1 and miR-200c-3p expression. SIRT1 was measured using ELISA. Results In sera of COVID-19 patients, gene expression of miR-200c-3p is increased while MALAT-1 is decreased. SIRT1 protein level is decreased (P value < 0.001). Findings are accentuated with increased disease severity. Serum MALAT-1, miR-200c-3p and SIRT1 could be used as diagnostic markers at cut off values of 0.04 (95.9 % sensitivity), 5.59 (94.9 % sensitivity, 99 % specificity), and 7.4 (98 % sensitivity) respectively. A novel MALAT-1-miR-200c-3p-SIRT1 pathway may be involved in the regulation of SARS-COV-2 severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olfat Shaker
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kasr Alainy Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Kasralainy st, Cairo, 11562, Egypt
| | - Monica El Amir
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kasr Alainy Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Kasralainy st, Cairo, 11562, Egypt
| | - Yasmine Abd Elfatah
- Internal Medicine, Kasr Alainy Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Kasralainy st, Cairo, 11562, Egypt
| | - Heba M. Elwi
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kasr Alainy Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Kasralainy st, Cairo, 11562, Egypt
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Duan C, Liu H, Yang X, Liu J, Deng Y, Wang T, Xing J, Hu Z, Xu H. Sirtuin1 inhibits calcium oxalate crystal-induced kidney injury by regulating TLR4 signaling and macrophage-mediated inflammatory activation. Cell Signal 2023; 112:110887. [PMID: 37717713 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2023.110887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Sirtuin1 (Sirt1) activation significantly attenuated calcium oxalate (CaOx) crystal deposition and renal inflammatory injury by regulating renal immune microenvironment. Here, to elucidate the molecular mechanism underlying the therapeutic effects of Sirt1 on macrophage related inflammation and tubular epithelial cells (TECs) necrosis, we constructed a macrophage and CaOx monohydrate (COM)-stimulated tubular cell co-culture system to mimic immune microenvironment in kidney and established a mouse model of CaOx nephrocalcinosis in wild-type and myeloid-specific Sirt1 knockout mice. Target prediction analyses of Gene Expression Omnibus Datasets showed that only miR-34b-5p is regulated by lipopolysaccharides and upregulated by SRT1720 and targets the TLR4 3'-untranslated region. In vitro, SRT1720 suppressed TLR4 expression and M1 macrophage polarization and decreased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and mitochondrial damage in COM-stimulated TECs by targeting miR-34b-5p. Mechanically, Sirt1 promoted miR-34b-5p expression by suppressing the tri-methylation of H3K27, which directly bound to the miR-34b-5p promoter and abolished the miR-34b-5p transcription. Furthermore, loss of Sirt1 aggravated CaOx nephrocalcinosis-induced inflammatory and oxidative kidney injury, while AgomiR-34b reversed these effects. Therefore, our data suggested that Sirt1 inhibited TLR4 signaling and M1 macrophage polarization and decreased inflammatory and oxidative injury of TECs in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Duan
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430000 Wuhan, China
| | - Haoran Liu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 230000 Hefei, China
| | - Xiaoqi Yang
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430000 Wuhan, China
| | - Jianhe Liu
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, 650000 Kunming, China
| | - Yaoliang Deng
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 530000 Nanning, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, 361000 Xiamen, China
| | - Jinchun Xing
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, 361000 Xiamen, China
| | - Zhiquan Hu
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430000 Wuhan, China.
| | - Hua Xu
- Cancer Precision Diagnosis and Treatment and Translational Medicine Hubei Engineering Research Center, 430000 Wuhan, China; Department of Biological Repositories, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, 430000 Wuhan, China; Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, 430000 Wuhan, China.; Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, 430000 Wuhan, China.
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Padrón‐Monedero A. A pathological convergence theory for non-communicable diseases. Aging Med (Milton) 2023; 6:328-337. [PMID: 38239708 PMCID: PMC10792334 DOI: 10.1002/agm2.12273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
The current paradigm considers the study of non-communicable diseases (NCDs), which are the main causes of mortality, as individual disorders. Nevertheless, this conception is being solidly challenged by numerous remarkable studies. The clear fact that the mortality, by virtually all NCDs, tends to cluster at old ages (with the exception of congenital malformations and certain types of cancer, among a few others); makes us intuitive to assume that the common convergence mechanism that exponentially increases mortality by almost all NCDs in older ages is cell aging. Moreover, when we study NCDs, we are not analyzing which disorders cause the mortality of the populations, rather that which disorders kill us before others do, because the aging of the individuals causes inevitably their death by one cause or another. This is not a defeatist perspective, but a challenging and efficient one. These intuitive assumptions have been supported by studies from the pathophysiologic, epidemiologic, and genetic fields, leading to the affirmation that, as NCDs share genetic and pathophysiological mechanisms (derived from mostly the same risk factors), they should no longer be considered independently. Those studies should make us reconsider our current conceptions of studying NCDs as individual disorders, and to hypothesize about a paradigm that would consider most NCDs (cancer, neurological pathologies, cardiovascular diseases, type II diabetes mellitus, chronic respiratory diseases, osteoarthritis, and osteoporosis, among others) different manifestations of the same process: the cell aging.
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Werida RH, Ramzy A, Ebrahim YN, Helmy MW. Effect of coadministration of omega-3 fatty acids with glimepiride on glycemic control, lipid profile, irisin, and sirtuin-1 in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients: a randomized controlled trial. BMC Endocr Disord 2023; 23:259. [PMID: 38001474 PMCID: PMC10675938 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-023-01511-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is caused by insulin resistance or tissue insensitivity to insulin, as well as relative insulin insufficiency. Diabetes that is uncontrolled for an extended period of time is linked to substantial comorbidities and organ damage. The purpose of the current study is to assess the effect of coadministration of omega-3 fatty acids with glimepiride on blood glucose, lipid profile, serum irisin, and sirtuin-1 levels in T2DM patients. METHODS This clinical trial involved 70 type 2 diabetic patients randomly assigned to glimepiride 3 mg with either omega-3 capsules contained fish oil 1000 mg, 13% of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and 9% docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) (omega-3 group, n = 35) or placebo capsules contained corn oil and linoleic acid (control group, n = 35) daily for three months. Blood samples were obtained at the start of the study and 12 weeks later for biochemical examination of HbA1c%, FBG, fasting insulin, and lipid profile. In addition, the atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) was calculated. Human enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits were utilized for assessing serum irisin and sirtuin-1 levels before and after the intervention. RESULTS Compared to the control group, omega-3 fatty acids decreased serum fasting blood glucose (FBG, p < 0.001), glycated hemoglobin percent (HbA1C%, p < 0.001), total cholesterol (TC, p < 0.001), triglycerides (TGs, p = 0.006), low density lipoprotein (LDL, p = 0.089), and Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR, p = 0.021) after three months of intervention. However, a significant increase was reported in serum irisin and high density lipoprotein (HDL) between both groups after intervention (p = 0.026 and p = 0.007, respectively). The atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) increased in the control group but decreased in the omega-3 group, with significant differences between the two groups (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION The present study found that supplementing with omega-3 fatty acids might dramatically enhance blood irisin levels, as well as improve glycemic control and lipid profile in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients using glimepiride. TRIAL REGISTRATION This study is registered on ClinicalTrials.gov under identifier NCT03917940 . (The registration date: April 17, 2019).
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Affiliation(s)
- Rehab H Werida
- Clinical Pharmacy & Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22514, Egypt.
| | - Aalaa Ramzy
- Ministry of Health and Population, Damanhour City, Egypt
| | - Youssri Nassief Ebrahim
- Internal Medicine and Diabetes Department, Damanhour Medical National Institute, Damanhour City, Egypt
| | - Maged Wasfy Helmy
- Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22514, Egypt
- Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Arab Academy for Science, Technology and Maritime Transport, Abou Keer, Alexandria, Egypt
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Wang T, Wang YY, Shi MY, Liu L. Mechanisms of action of natural products on type 2 diabetes. World J Diabetes 2023; 14:1603-1620. [DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v14.i11.1603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the past several decades, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has been considered a global public health concern. Currently, various therapeutic modalities are available for T2DM management, including dietary modifications, moderate exercise, and use of hypoglycemic agents and lipid-lowering medications. Although the curative effect of most drugs on T2DM is significant, they also exert some adverse side effects. Biologically active substances found in natural medicines are important for T2DM treatment. Several recent studies have reported that active ingredients derived from traditional medicines or foods exert a therapeutic effect on T2DM. This review compiled important articles regarding the therapeutic effects of natural products and their active ingredients on islet β cell function, adipose tissue inflammation, and insulin resistance. Additionally, this review provided an in-depth understanding of the multiple regulatory effects on different targets and signaling pathways of natural medicines in the treatment of T2DM as well as a theoretical basis for clinical effective application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- Clinical Molecular Immunology Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023, Hubei Province, China
| | - Yang-Yang Wang
- Clinical Molecular Immunology Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023, Hubei Province, China
| | - Meng-Yue Shi
- Clinical Molecular Immunology Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023, Hubei Province, China
| | - Lian Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023, Hubei Province, China
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Shang R, Miao J. Mechanisms and effects of metformin on skeletal muscle disorders. Front Neurol 2023; 14:1275266. [PMID: 37928155 PMCID: PMC10621799 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1275266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle disorders are mostly genetic and include several rare diseases. With disease progression, muscle fibrosis and adiposis occur, resulting in limited mobility. The long course of these diseases combined with limited treatment options affect patients both psychologically and economically, hence the development of novel treatments for neuromuscular diseases is crucial to obtain a better quality of life. As a widely used hypoglycemic drug in clinical practice, metformin not only has anti-inflammatory, autophagy-regulating, and mitochondrial biogenesis-regulating effects, but it has also been reported to improve the symptoms of neuromuscular diseases, delay hypokinesia, and regulate skeletal muscle mass. However, metformin's specific mechanism of action in neuromuscular diseases requires further elucidation. This review summarizes the evidence showing that metformin can regulate inflammation, autophagy, and mitochondrial biogenesis through different pathways, and further explores its mechanism of action in Duchenne muscular dystrophy, statin-associated muscle disorders, and age-related sarcopenia. This review clarifies the directions of future research on therapy for neuromuscular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jing Miao
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Makki BE, Rahman S. Alzheimer's Disease in Diabetic Patients: A Lipidomic Prospect. Neuroscience 2023; 530:79-94. [PMID: 37652288 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2023.08.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes Mellitus (DM) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) have been two of the most common chronic diseases affecting people worldwide. Type 2 DM (T2DM) is a metabolic disease depicted by insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and chronic hyperglycemia while AD is a neurodegenerative disease marked by Amyloid β (Aβ) accumulation, neurofibrillary tangles aggregation, and tau phosphorylation. Various clinical, epidemiological, and lipidomics studies have linked those diseases claiming shared pathological pathways raising the assumption that diabetic patients are at an increased risk of developing AD later in their lives. Insulin resistance is the tipping point beyond where advanced glycation end (AGE) products and free radicals are produced leading to oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation. Additionally, different types of lipids are playing a crucial role in the development and the relationship between those diseases. Lipidomics, an analysis of lipid structure, formation, and interactions, evidently exhibits these lipid changes and their direct and indirect effect on Aβ synthesis, insulin resistance, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation. In this review, we have discussed the pathophysiology of T2DM and AD, the interconnecting pathological pathways they share, and the lipidomics where different lipids such as cholesterol, phospholipids, sphingolipids, and sulfolipids contribute to the underlying features of both diseases. Understanding their role can be beneficial for diagnostic purposes or introducing new drugs to counter AD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sarah Rahman
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran
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Mahmoud M, Abdel-Rasheed M. Influence of type 2 diabetes and obesity on adipose mesenchymal stem/stromal cell immunoregulation. Cell Tissue Res 2023; 394:33-53. [PMID: 37462786 PMCID: PMC10558386 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-023-03801-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D), associated with obesity, represents a state of metabolic inflammation and oxidative stress leading to insulin resistance and progressive insulin deficiency. Adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) are adult mesenchymal stem/stromal cells identified within the stromal vascular fraction of adipose tissue. These cells can regulate the immune system and possess anti-inflammatory properties. ASCs are a potential therapeutic modality for inflammatory diseases including T2D. Patient-derived (autologous) rather than allogeneic ASCs may be a relatively safer approach in clinical perspectives, to avoid occasional anti-donor immune responses. However, patient characteristics such as body mass index (BMI), inflammatory status, and disease duration and severity may limit the therapeutic utility of ASCs. The current review presents human ASC (hASC) immunoregulatory mechanisms with special emphasis on those related to T lymphocytes, hASC implications in T2D treatment, and the impact of T2D and obesity on hASC immunoregulatory potential. hASCs can modulate the proliferation, activation, and functions of diverse innate and adaptive immune cells via direct cell-to-cell contact and secretion of paracrine mediators and extracellular vesicles. Preclinical studies recommend the therapeutic potential of hASCs to improve inflammation and metabolic indices in a high-fat diet (HFD)-induced T2D disease model. Discordant data have been reported to unravel intact or detrimentally affected immunomodulatory functions of ASCs, isolated from patients with obesity and/or T2D patients, in vitro and in vivo. Numerous preconditioning strategies have been introduced to potentiate hASC immunomodulation; they are also discussed here as possible options to potentiate the immunoregulatory functions of hASCs isolated from patients with obesity and T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa Mahmoud
- Stem Cell Research Group, Medical Research Centre of Excellence, National Research Centre, 33 El Buhouth St, Ad Doqi, Dokki, 12622, Cairo Governorate, Egypt.
- Department of Medical Molecular Genetics, Human Genetics and Genome Research Institute, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Mazen Abdel-Rasheed
- Stem Cell Research Group, Medical Research Centre of Excellence, National Research Centre, 33 El Buhouth St, Ad Doqi, Dokki, 12622, Cairo Governorate, Egypt
- Department of Reproductive Health Research, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
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Xie Q, Zhang X, Zhou Q, Xu Y, Sun L, Wen Q, Wang W, Chen Q. Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of ginsenoside Rg1 for hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus: systematic reviews and meta-analyses of animal studies. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1179705. [PMID: 37745069 PMCID: PMC10514510 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1179705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: According to existing laboratory data, ginsenoside Rg1 may help cure diabetes and its complications by reducing oxidative stress (OS) and managing inflammation. However, this conclusion lacks reliability and is unclear. As a result, the purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of ginsenoside Rg1 in the treatment of diabetes and its complications. Methods: We searched for relevant studies published through December 2022, including electronic bibliographic databases such as PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, CNKI, and Wanfang. The SYstematic Review Center for Laboratory Animal Experimentation Risk of Bias (SYRCLE RoB) tool was used to conduct a meta-analysis to assess the methodological quality of animal research. The meta-analysis was conducted using RevMan5.4 software, following the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. This study is registered in the International Systems Review Prospective Registry (PROSPERO) as CRD42023386830. Results: Eighteen eligible studies involving 401 animals were included. Ginsenoside Rg1 was significantly correlated with blood glucose (BG), insulin levels, body weight, superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels. In addition, according to subgroup analysis, the hypoglycemic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant effects of ginsenoside Rg1 in type 2 diabetic animals were not affected by experimental species, modeling, experimental drug dosage, or course of treatment. Conclusion: This meta-analysis presents a summary of the hypoglycemic effects of ginsenoside Rg1, which are achieved through anti-inflammatory and antioxidant mechanisms. These findings provide evidence-based support for the medical efficacy of ginsenoside Rg1. Specifically, ginsenoside Rg1 reduced MDA levels and restored SOD activity to exert its antioxidant activity. It had a positive effect on the reduction of IL-6 and TNF-α levels. However, the inclusion of studies with low methodological quality and the presence of publication bias may undermine the validity of the results. Further investigation with a more rigorous experimental design and comprehensive studies is necessary to fully understand the specific glycemic mechanisms of ginsenosides. Systematic Review Registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, identifier https://CRD42023386830.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Xie
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoran Zhang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Qian Zhou
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yumei Xu
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Lisha Sun
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Qing Wen
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Wang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Mianyang Normal University, Mianyang, China
| | - Qiu Chen
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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Salagre D, Raya Álvarez E, Cendan CM, Aouichat S, Agil A. Melatonin Improves Skeletal Muscle Structure and Oxidative Phenotype by Regulating Mitochondrial Dynamics and Autophagy in Zücker Diabetic Fatty Rat. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1499. [PMID: 37627494 PMCID: PMC10451278 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12081499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity-induced skeletal muscle (SKM) inflexibility is closely linked to mitochondrial dysfunction. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of melatonin on the red vastus lateralis (RVL) muscle in obese rat models at the molecular and morphological levels. Five-week-old male Zücker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats and their age-matched lean littermates (ZL) were orally treated either with melatonin (10 mg/kg body weight (BW)/24 h) (M-ZDF and M-ZL) or non-treated (control) (C-ZDF and C-ZL) for 12 weeks. Western blot analysis showed that mitochondrial fission, fusion, and autophagy were altered in the C-ZDF group, accompanied by reduced SIRT1 levels. Furthermore, C-ZDF rats exhibited depleted ATP production and nitro-oxidative stress, as indicated by increased nitrites levels and reduced SOD activity. Western blotting of MyH isoforms demonstrated a significant decrease in both slow and fast oxidative fiber-specific markers expression in the C-ZDF group, concomitant with an increase in the fast glycolytic fiber markers. At the tissue level, marked fiber atrophy, less oxidative fibers, and excessive lipid deposition were noted in the C-ZDF group. Interestingly, melatonin treatment partially restored mitochondrial fission/fusion imbalance in the RVL muscle by enhancing the expression of fission (Fis1 and DRP1) markers and decreasing that of fusion (OPA1 and Mfn2) markers. It was also found to restore autophagy, as indicated by increased p62 protein level and LC3BII/I ratio. In addition, melatonin treatment increased SIRT1 protein level, mitochondrial ATP production, and SOD activity and decreased nitrites production. These effects were associated with enhanced oxidative phenotype, as evidenced by amplified oxidative fiber-specific markers expression, histochemical reaction for NADH enzyme, and muscular lipid content. In this study, we showed that melatonin might have potential therapeutic implications for obesity-induced SKM metabolic inflexibility among patients with obesity and T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Salagre
- Department of Pharmacology, BioHealth Institute Granada (IBs Granada), Neuroscience Institute (CIBM), School of Medicine, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain; (D.S.)
| | - Enrique Raya Álvarez
- Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Clinic San Cecilio, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Cruz Miguel Cendan
- Department of Pharmacology, BioHealth Institute Granada (IBs Granada), Neuroscience Institute (CIBM), School of Medicine, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain; (D.S.)
| | - Samira Aouichat
- Department of Pharmacology, BioHealth Institute Granada (IBs Granada), Neuroscience Institute (CIBM), School of Medicine, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain; (D.S.)
| | - Ahmad Agil
- Department of Pharmacology, BioHealth Institute Granada (IBs Granada), Neuroscience Institute (CIBM), School of Medicine, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain; (D.S.)
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Pei Z, Zhou R, Yao W, Dong S, Liu Y, Gao Z. Different exercise training intensities prevent type 2 diabetes mellitus-induced myocardial injury in male mice. iScience 2023; 26:107080. [PMID: 37416463 PMCID: PMC10320508 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) usually develop myocardial injury and that exercise may have a positive effect on cardiac function. However, the effect of exercise intensity on cardiac function has not yet been fully examined. This study aimed to explore different exercise intensities on T2DM-induced myocardial injury. 18-week-old male mice were randomly divided into four groups: a control group, the T2DM, T2DM + medium-intensity continuous training (T2DM + MICT), and T2DM + high-intensity interval training (T2DM + HIIT) groups. In the experimental group, mice were given high-fat foods and streptozotocin for six weeks and then divided into two exercise training groups, in which mice were subjected to exercise five days per week for 24 consecutive weeks. Finally, metabolic characteristics, cardiac function, myocardial remodeling, myocardial fibrosis, oxidative stress, and apoptosis were analyzed. HIIT treatment improved cardiac function and improved myocardial injury. In conclusion, HIIT may be an effective means to guard against T2DM-induced myocardial injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuowei Pei
- Department of Cardiology, Central Hospital of Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
- Department of Central Laboratory, Central Hospital of Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Rui Zhou
- Department of Internal Medicine, Affiliated Zhong Shan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, China
| | - Wei Yao
- Department of Internal Medicine, Affiliated Zhong Shan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, China
| | - Shuang Dong
- Department of Cardiology, Central Hospital of Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Yingshu Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Central Hospital of Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Zhengnan Gao
- Department of Endocrinology, Central Hospital of Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
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47
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Paoli A, Bianco A, Moro T, Mota JF, Coelho-Ravagnani CF. The Effects of Ketogenic Diet on Insulin Sensitivity and Weight Loss, Which Came First: The Chicken or the Egg? Nutrients 2023; 15:3120. [PMID: 37513538 PMCID: PMC10385501 DOI: 10.3390/nu15143120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The ketogenic diet (KD) is, nowadays, considered an interesting nutritional approach for weight loss and improvement in insulin resistance. Nevertheless, most of the studies available in the literature do not allow a clear distinction between its effects on insulin sensitivity per se, and the effects of weight loss induced by KDs on insulin sensitivity. In this review, we discuss the scientific evidence on the direct and weight loss mediated effects of KDs on glycemic status in humans, describing the KD's biochemical background and the underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Paoli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, 35127 Padua, Italy
- Research Center for High Performance Sport, UCAM, Catholic University of Murcia, 30107 Murcia, Spain
| | - Antonino Bianco
- Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Unit, University of Palermo, 90144 Palermo, Italy
| | - Tatiana Moro
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, 35127 Padua, Italy
| | - Joao Felipe Mota
- School of Nutrition, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia 74605-080, Brazil
- APC Microbiome Ireland, Department of Medicine, School of Microbiology, University College Cork, T12 YT20 Cork, Ireland
| | - Christianne F Coelho-Ravagnani
- Research in Exercise and Nutrition in Health and Sports Performance-PENSARE, Post-Graduate Program in Movement Sciences, Institute of Health (INISA), Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande 79070-900, Brazil
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Li Q, Zheng T, Ding H, Chen J, Li B, Zhang Q, Yang S, Zhang S, Guan W. Exploring the Benefits of Probiotics in Gut Inflammation and Diarrhea-From an Antioxidant Perspective. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1342. [PMID: 37507882 PMCID: PMC10376667 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12071342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), characterized by an abnormal immune response, includes two distinct types: Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). Extensive research has revealed that the pathogeny of IBD encompasses genetic factors, environmental factors, immune dysfunction, dysbiosis, and lifestyle choices. Furthermore, patients with IBD exhibit both local and systemic oxidative damage caused by the excessive presence of reactive oxygen species. This oxidative damage exacerbates immune response imbalances, intestinal mucosal damage, and dysbiosis in IBD patients. Meanwhile, the weaning period represents a crucial phase for pigs, during which they experience pronounced intestinal immune and inflammatory responses, leading to severe diarrhea and increased mortality rates. Pigs are highly similar to humans in terms of physiology and anatomy, making them a potential choice for simulating human IBD. Although the exact mechanism behind IBD and post-weaning diarrhea remains unclear, the oxidative damage, in its progression and pathogenesis, is well acknowledged. Besides conventional anti-inflammatory drugs, certain probiotics, particularly Lactobacillus and Bifidobacteria strains, have been found to possess antioxidant properties. These include the scavenging of reactive oxygen species, chelating metal ions to inhibit the Fenton reaction, and the regulation of host antioxidant enzymes. Consequently, numerous studies in the last two decades have committed to exploring the role of probiotics in alleviating IBD. Here, we sequentially discuss the oxidative damage in IBD and post-weaning diarrhea pathogenesis, the negative consequences of oxidative stress on IBD, the effectiveness of probiotics in IBD treatment, the application of probiotics in weaned piglets, and the potential antioxidant mechanisms of probiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qihui Li
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Tenghui Zheng
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Hanting Ding
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Jiaming Chen
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Baofeng Li
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Qianzi Zhang
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Siwang Yang
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Shihai Zhang
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Wutai Guan
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
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Wu W, Yuan S, Tang Y, Meng X, Peng M, Hu Z, Liu W. Effect of Exercise and Oral Niacinamide Mononucleotide on Improving Mitochondrial Autophagy in Alzheimer's Disease. Nutrients 2023; 15:2851. [PMID: 37447179 DOI: 10.3390/nu15132851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral niacinamide mononucleotide (NMN) and aerobic exercise have been shown to enhance niacinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) in the body. NAD+ plays a critical role in the body and can directly and indirectly affect many key cellular functions, including metabolic pathways, DNA repair, chromatin remodeling, cell aging, and immune cell function. It is noteworthy that the level of NAD+ decreases gradually with increasing age. Decreased levels of NAD+ have been causally associated with a number of diseases associated with aging, including cognitive decline, cancer, metabolic diseases, sarcopenia, and frailty. Many diseases related to aging can be slowed down or even reversed by restoring NAD+ levels. For example, oral NMN or exercise to increase NAD+ levels in APP/PS1 mice have been proven to improve mitochondrial autophagy, but currently, there is no regimen combining oral NMN with exercise. This review summarizes recent studies on the effect of oral NMN on the enhancement of NAD+ in vivo and the improvements in mitochondrial autophagy abnormalities in AD through aerobic exercise, focusing on (1) how oral NMN improves the internal NAD+ level; (2) how exercise regulates the content of NAD+ in the body; (3) the relationship between exercise activation of NAD+ and AMPK; (4) how SIRT1 is regulated by NAD+ and AMPK and activates PGC-1α to mediate mitochondrial autophagy through changes in mitochondrial dynamics. By summarizing the results of the above four aspects, and combined with the synthesis of NAD+ in vivo, we can infer how exercise elevates the level of NAD+ in vivo to mediate mitochondrial autophagy, so as to propose a new hypothesis that exercise interferes with Alzheimer's disease (AD).
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijia Wu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Sports Rehabilitation, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410012, China
| | - Shunling Yuan
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Sports Rehabilitation, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410012, China
| | - Yingzhe Tang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Sports Rehabilitation, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410012, China
| | - Xiangyuan Meng
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Sports Rehabilitation, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410012, China
| | - Mei Peng
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Sports Rehabilitation, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410012, China
| | - Zelin Hu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Sports Rehabilitation, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410012, China
| | - Wenfeng Liu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Sports Rehabilitation, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410012, China
- Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of Ministry of Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
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Luo D, Zhao Y, Fang Z, Zhao Y, Han Y, Piao J, Rong X, Guo J. Tianhuang formula regulates adipocyte mitochondrial function by AMPK/MICU1 pathway in HFD/STZ-induced T2DM mice. BMC Complement Med Ther 2023; 23:202. [PMID: 37337224 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-023-04009-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tianhuang formula (THF) is a Chinese medicine prescription that is patented and clinically approved, and has been shown to improve energy metabolism, but the underlying mechanism remains poorly understood. The purpose of this study is to clarify the potential mechanisms of THF in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). METHODS A murine model of T2DM was induced by high-fat diet (HFD) feeding combined with low-dose streptozocin (STZ) injections, and the diabetic mice were treated with THF by gavaging for consecutive 10 weeks. Fasting blood glucose (FBG), serum insulin, blood lipid, mitochondrial Ca2+ (mCa2+) levels and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), as well as ATP production were analyzed. The target genes and proteins expression of visceral adipose tissue (Vat) was tested by RT-PCR and western blot, respectively. The underlying mechanism of the regulating energy metabolism effect of THF was further explored in the insulin resistance model of 3T3-L1 adipocytes cultured with dexamethasone (DXM). RESULTS THF restored impaired glucose tolerance and insulin resistance in diabetic mice. Serum levels of lipids were significantly decreased, as well as fasting blood glucose and insulin in THF-treated mice. THF regulated mCa2+ uptake, increased MMP and ATP content in VAT. THF increased the mRNA and protein expression of AMPK, phosphorylated AMPK (p-AMPK), MICU1, sirtuin1 (SIRT1) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α). THF could increase the mCa2+ level of 3T3-L1 adipocytes and regulate mitochondrial function. The protein expression of AMPK, p-AMPK, mCa2+ uniporter (MCU) and MICU1 decreased upon adding AMPK inhibitor compound C to 3T3-L1 adipocytes and the protein expression of MCU and MICU1 decreased upon adding the MCU inhibitor ruthenium red. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrated that THF ameliorated glucose and lipid metabolism disorders in T2DM mice through the improvement of AMPK/MICU1 pathway-dependent mitochondrial function in adipose tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duosheng Luo
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine; Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China; Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center; Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, 280 Wai Huan Dong Road, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yaru Zhao
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine; Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China; Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center; Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, 280 Wai Huan Dong Road, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Zhaoyan Fang
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine; Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China; Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center; Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, 280 Wai Huan Dong Road, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yating Zhao
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine; Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China; Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center; Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, 280 Wai Huan Dong Road, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yi Han
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine; Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China; Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center; Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, 280 Wai Huan Dong Road, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Jingyu Piao
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine; Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China; Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center; Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, 280 Wai Huan Dong Road, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Xianglu Rong
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine; Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China; Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center; Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, 280 Wai Huan Dong Road, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Jiao Guo
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine; Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China; Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center; Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, 280 Wai Huan Dong Road, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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