1
|
Pradhan I, Hembram P. Silicon supplementation stabilizes the effect of copper stress, the use of copper chaperones and genes involved: a review. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:543. [PMID: 38642191 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09507-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
Heavy metal stress is a major problem in present scenario and the consequences are well known. The agroecosystems are heavily affected by the heavy metal stress and the question arises on the sustainability of the agricultural products. Heavy metals inhibit the process to influence the reactive oxygen species production. When abundantly present copper metal ion has toxic effects which is mitigated by the exogenous application of Si. The role of silicon is to enhance physical parameters as well as gas exchange parameters. Si is likely to increase antioxidant enzymes in response to copper stress which can relocate toxic metals at subcellular level and remove heavy metals from the cell. Silicon regulates phytohormones when excess copper is present. Rate of photosynthesis and mineral absorption is increased in response to metal stress. Silicon manages enzymatic and non-enzymatic activities to balance metal stress condition. Cu transport by the plasma membrane is controlled by a family of proteins called copper transporter present at cell surface. Plants maintain balance in absorption, use and storage for proper copper ion homeostasis. Copper chaperones play vital role in copper ion movement within cells. Prior to that metallochaperones control Cu levels. The genes responsible in copper stress mitigation are discovered in various plant species and their function are decoded. However, detailed molecular mechanism is yet to be studied. This review discusses about the crucial mechanisms of Si-mediated alleviation of copper stress, the role of copper binding proteins in copper homeostasis. Moreover, it also provides a brief information on the genes, their function and regulation of their expression in relevance to Cu abundance in different plant species which will be beneficial for further understanding of the role of silicon in stabilization of copper stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Itishree Pradhan
- Post Graduate Department of Botany, Berhampur University, Bhanja Bihar, Berhampur, 760007, India
| | - Padmalochan Hembram
- Post Graduate Department of Botany, Berhampur University, Bhanja Bihar, Berhampur, 760007, India.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Lichtblau DM, Baby D, Khan M, Trofimov K, Ari Y, Schwarz B, Bauer P. The small iron-deficiency-induced protein OLIVIA and its relation to the bHLH transcription factor POPEYE. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0295732. [PMID: 38626041 PMCID: PMC11020826 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0295732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Iron (Fe) is a crucial micronutrient needed in many metabolic processes. To balance needs and potential toxicity, plants control the amount of Fe they take up and allocate to leaves and seeds during their development. One important regulator of this process is POPEYE (PYE). PYE is a Fe deficiency-induced key bHLH transcription factor (TF) for allocation of internal Fe in plants. In the absence of PYE, there is altered Fe translocation and plants develop a leaf chlorosis. NICOTIANAMINE SYNTHASE4 (NAS4), FERRIC-REDUCTION OXIDASE3 (FRO3), and ZINC-INDUCED FACILITATOR1 (ZIF1) genes are expressed at higher level in pye-1 indicating that PYE represses these genes. PYE activity is controlled in a yet unknown manner. Here, we show that a small Fe deficiency-induced protein OLIVIA (OLV) can interact with PYE. OLV has a conserved C-terminal motif, that we named TGIYY. Through deletion mapping, we pinpointed that OLV TGIYY and several regions of PYE can be involved in the protein interaction. An OLV overexpressing (OX) mutant line exhibited an enhanced NAS4 gene expression. This was a mild Fe deficiency response phenotype that was related to PYE function. Leaf rosettes of olv mutants remained smaller than those of wild type, indicating that OLV promotes plant growth. Taken together, our study identified a small protein OLV as a candidate that may connect aspects of Fe homeostasis with regulation of leaf growth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Dibin Baby
- Institute of Botany, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Mather Khan
- Institute of Botany, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence on Plant Science (CEPLAS), Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Ksenia Trofimov
- Institute of Botany, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Yunus Ari
- Institute of Botany, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Birte Schwarz
- Institute of Botany, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Petra Bauer
- Institute of Botany, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence on Plant Science (CEPLAS), Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Guan J, Zhang Z, Shi G. Genome-Wide Identification of the Ferric Chelate Reductase ( FRO) Gene Family in Peanut and Its Diploid Progenitors: Structure, Evolution, and Expression Profiles. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:418. [PMID: 38337951 PMCID: PMC10857631 DOI: 10.3390/plants13030418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
The ferric chelate reductase (FRO) family plays a vital role in metal ion homeostasis in a variety of locations in the plants. However, little is known about this family in peanut (Arachis hypogaea). This study aimed to identify FRO genes from the genomes of peanut and the two diploid progenitors (A. duranensis and A. ipaensis) and to analyze their gene/protein structures and evolution. In addition, transcriptional responses of AhFRO genes to Fe deficiency and/or Cu exposure were investigated in two peanut cultivars with different Fe deficiency tolerance (Silihong and Fenghua 1). A total of nine, four, and three FRO genes were identified in peanut, A. duranensis, and A. ipaensis, respectively, which were divided into three groups. Most AhFRO genes underwent WGD/segmental duplication, leading to the expansion of the AhFRO gene family. In general, clustered members share similar gene/protein structures. However, significant divergences occurred in AhFRO2 genes. Three out of five AhFRO2 genes were lowly expressed in all tissues under normal conditions, which may be beneficial for avoiding gene loss. Transcription analysis revealed that AhFRO2 and AhFRO7 genes might be involved in the reduction of Fe/Cu in plasma membranes and plastids, respectively. AhFRO8 genes appear to confer Fe reduction in the mitochondria. Moreover, Fe deficiency induced an increase of Cu accumulation in peanut plants in which AhFRO2.2/2.4/2.5 and FRO7.1/7.2 might be involved. Our findings provided new clues for further understanding the roles of AhFRO genes in the Fe/Cu interaction in peanut.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Gangrong Shi
- College of Life Sciences, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei 235000, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Maniero RA, Picco C, Hartmann A, Engelberger F, Gradogna A, Scholz-Starke J, Melzer M, Künze G, Carpaneto A, von Wirén N, Giehl RFH. Ferric reduction by a CYBDOM protein counteracts increased iron availability in root meristems induced by phosphorus deficiency. Nat Commun 2024; 15:422. [PMID: 38212310 PMCID: PMC10784544 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43912-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
To mobilize sparingly available phosphorus (P) in the rhizosphere, many plant species secrete malate to release P sorbed onto (hydr)oxides of aluminum and iron (Fe). In the presence of Fe, malate can provoke Fe over-accumulation in the root apoplast, triggering a series of events that inhibit root growth. Here, we identified HYPERSENSITIVE TO LOW P1 (HYP1), a CYBDOM protein constituted of a DOMON and a cytochrome b561 domain, as critical to maintain cell elongation and meristem integrity under low P. We demonstrate that HYP1 mediates ascorbate-dependent trans-plasma membrane electron transport and can reduce ferric and cupric substrates in Xenopus laevis oocytes and in planta. HYP1 expression is up-regulated in response to P deficiency in the proximal zone of the root apical meristem. Disruption of HYP1 leads to increased Fe and callose accumulation in the root meristem and causes significant transcriptional changes in roots. We further demonstrate that HYP1 activity overcomes malate-induced Fe accumulation, thereby preventing Fe-dependent root growth arrest in response to low P. Collectively, our results uncover an ascorbate-dependent metalloreductase that is critical to protect root meristems of P-deficient plants from increased Fe availability and provide insights into the physiological function of the yet poorly characterized but ubiquitous CYBDOM proteins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rodolfo A Maniero
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics & Crop Plant Research (IPK) OT Gatersleben, Corrensstr 3, 06466, Seeland, Germany
| | - Cristiana Picco
- Institute of Biophysics, National Research Council, Via De Marini 16, 16149, Genoa, Italy
| | - Anja Hartmann
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics & Crop Plant Research (IPK) OT Gatersleben, Corrensstr 3, 06466, Seeland, Germany
| | - Felipe Engelberger
- Institute for Drug Discovery, Leipzig University, SAC 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Antonella Gradogna
- Institute of Biophysics, National Research Council, Via De Marini 16, 16149, Genoa, Italy
| | - Joachim Scholz-Starke
- Institute of Biophysics, National Research Council, Via De Marini 16, 16149, Genoa, Italy
| | - Michael Melzer
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics & Crop Plant Research (IPK) OT Gatersleben, Corrensstr 3, 06466, Seeland, Germany
| | - Georg Künze
- Institute for Drug Discovery, Leipzig University, SAC 04103, Leipzig, Germany
- Center for Scalable Data Analytics and Artificial Intelligence, Leipzig University, 04105, Leipzig, Germany
- Interdisciplinary Center for Bioinformatics, Leipzig University, 04107, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Armando Carpaneto
- Institute of Biophysics, National Research Council, Via De Marini 16, 16149, Genoa, Italy
- Department of Earth, Environment and Life Sciences (DISTAV), University of Genoa, Viale Benedetto XV 5, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Nicolaus von Wirén
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics & Crop Plant Research (IPK) OT Gatersleben, Corrensstr 3, 06466, Seeland, Germany
| | - Ricardo F H Giehl
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics & Crop Plant Research (IPK) OT Gatersleben, Corrensstr 3, 06466, Seeland, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Clúa J, Montpetit J, Jimenez-Sandoval P, Naumann C, Santiago J, Poirier Y. A CYBDOM protein impacts iron homeostasis and primary root growth under phosphate deficiency in Arabidopsis. Nat Commun 2024; 15:423. [PMID: 38212368 PMCID: PMC10784552 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43911-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Arabidopsis primary root growth response to phosphate (Pi) deficiency is mainly controlled by changes in apoplastic iron (Fe). Upon Pi deficiency, apoplastic Fe deposition in the root apical meristem activates pathways leading to the arrest of meristem maintenance and inhibition of cell elongation. Here, we report that a member of the uncharacterized cytochrome b561 and DOMON domain (CYBDOM) protein family, named CRR, promotes iron reduction in an ascorbate-dependent manner and controls apoplastic iron deposition. Under low Pi, the crr mutant shows an enhanced reduction of primary root growth associated with increased apoplastic Fe in the root meristem and a reduction in meristematic cell division. Conversely, CRR overexpression abolishes apoplastic Fe deposition rendering primary root growth insensitive to low Pi. The crr single mutant and crr hyp1 double mutant, harboring a null allele in another member of the CYDOM family, shows increased tolerance to high-Fe stress upon germination and seedling growth. Conversely, CRR overexpression is associated with increased uptake and translocation of Fe to the shoot and results in plants highly sensitive to Fe excess. Our results identify a ferric reductase implicated in Fe homeostasis and developmental responses to abiotic stress, and reveal a biological role for CYBDOM proteins in plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joaquín Clúa
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, Biophore Building, University of Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jonatan Montpetit
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, Biophore Building, University of Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Pedro Jimenez-Sandoval
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, Biophore Building, University of Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Christin Naumann
- Department of Molecular Signal Processing, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Weinberg 3, 06120, Halle, Germany
| | - Julia Santiago
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, Biophore Building, University of Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Yves Poirier
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, Biophore Building, University of Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Li J, Lv K, Wu J, Xie Y, Zhang J, Zhang N, Xu W. Exogenous Melatonin Promotes Cold Tolerance in Grape Seedlings: Physiological, Transcriptomic, and Functional Evidence. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:19970-19985. [PMID: 38055343 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c05907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Melatonin (MEL) is an antioxidant molecule that enhances plant tolerance to environmental stress. However, the mechanisms by which MEL regulates cold signaling pathways in grapes under cold stress remain elusive. Here, we investigated the physiological and transcriptomic changes in grape seedlings treated with exogenous MEL to determine their protective role under cold stress. Results showed that 150 μM MEL effectively attenuated cold-induced cell damage by reducing reactive oxygen species (ROS) and preserving the chloroplast structure and function. MEL also inhibited tannin degradation, which contributed to its protective effect. Exogenous MEL promoted the synthesis of endogenous MEL, abscisic acid, auxin, and cytokinin while inhibiting gibberellin. Transcriptomic profiling revealed 776 differentially expressed transcripts in MEL-treated samples compared to controls. Functional analysis of a candidate hub gene, VvHSFA6b, showed that its overexpression in grape calli enhances cold tolerance by activating jasmonic acid synthesis pathway genes, promoting JA accumulation, and inhibiting JAZ-repressed transcription factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junduo Li
- College of Enology and Horticulture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, Ningxia, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Molecular Breeding for Dominant and Special Crops in Ningxia, Yinchuan 750021, China
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Kai Lv
- College of Enology and Horticulture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, Ningxia, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Molecular Breeding for Dominant and Special Crops in Ningxia, Yinchuan 750021, China
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Jieping Wu
- College of Enology and Horticulture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, Ningxia, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Molecular Breeding for Dominant and Special Crops in Ningxia, Yinchuan 750021, China
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Yaping Xie
- College of Enology and Horticulture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, Ningxia, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Molecular Breeding for Dominant and Special Crops in Ningxia, Yinchuan 750021, China
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Junxia Zhang
- College of Enology and Horticulture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, Ningxia, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Molecular Breeding for Dominant and Special Crops in Ningxia, Yinchuan 750021, China
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Ningbo Zhang
- College of Enology and Horticulture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, Ningxia, China
- Engineering Research Center of Grape and Wine, Ministry of Education, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, Ningxia, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Molecular Breeding for Dominant and Special Crops in Ningxia, Yinchuan 750021, China
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Weirong Xu
- College of Enology and Horticulture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, Ningxia, China
- Engineering Research Center of Grape and Wine, Ministry of Education, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, Ningxia, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Molecular Breeding for Dominant and Special Crops in Ningxia, Yinchuan 750021, China
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, Yinchuan 750021, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Müller B. Iron transport mechanisms and their evolution focusing on chloroplasts. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 288:154059. [PMID: 37586271 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2023.154059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Iron (Fe) is an essential element for photosynthetic organisms, required for several vital biological functions. Photosynthesis, which takes place in the chloroplasts of higher plants, is the major Fe consumer. Although the components of the root Fe uptake system in dicotyledonous and monocotyledonous plants have been extensively studied, the Fe transport mechanisms of chloroplasts in these two groups of plants have received little attention. This review focuses on the comparative analysis of Fe transport processes in the evolutionary ancestors of chloroplasts (cyanobacteria) with the processes in embryophytes and green algae (Viridiplantae). The aim is to summarize how chloroplasts are integrated into cellular Fe homeostasis and how Fe transporters and Fe transport mechanisms have been modified by evolution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brigitta Müller
- Department of Plant Physiology and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/C, Budapest, H-1117, Hungary.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Chia JC, Yan J, Rahmati Ishka M, Faulkner MM, Simons E, Huang R, Smieska L, Woll A, Tappero R, Kiss A, Jiao C, Fei Z, Kochian LV, Walker E, Piñeros M, Vatamaniuk OK. Loss of OPT3 function decreases phloem copper levels and impairs crosstalk between copper and iron homeostasis and shoot-to-root signaling in Arabidopsis thaliana. THE PLANT CELL 2023; 35:2157-2185. [PMID: 36814393 PMCID: PMC10226573 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koad053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Copper (Cu) and iron (Fe) are essential micronutrients that are toxic when accumulating in excess in cells. Thus, their uptake by roots is tightly regulated. While plants sense and respond to local Cu availability, the systemic regulation of Cu uptake has not been documented in contrast to local and systemic control of Fe uptake. Fe abundance in the phloem has been suggested to act systemically, regulating the expression of Fe uptake genes in roots. Consistently, shoot-to-root Fe signaling is disrupted in Arabidopsis thaliana mutants lacking the phloem companion cell-localized Fe transporter, OLIGOPEPTIDE TRANSPORTER 3 (AtOPT3). We report that AtOPT3 also transports Cu in heterologous systems and contributes to its delivery from sources to sinks in planta. The opt3 mutant contained less Cu in the phloem, was sensitive to Cu deficiency and mounted a transcriptional Cu deficiency response in roots and young leaves. Feeding the opt3 mutant and Cu- or Fe-deficient wild-type seedlings with Cu or Fe via the phloem in leaves downregulated the expression of both Cu- and Fe-deficiency marker genes in roots. These data suggest the existence of shoot-to-root Cu signaling, highlight the complexity of Cu/Fe interactions, and the role of AtOPT3 in fine-tuning root transcriptional responses to the plant Cu and Fe needs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ju-Chen Chia
- Soil and Crop Sciences Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Jiapei Yan
- Soil and Crop Sciences Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Maryam Rahmati Ishka
- Soil and Crop Sciences Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
- Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Marta Marie Faulkner
- Soil and Crop Sciences Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Eli Simons
- Soil and Crop Sciences Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Rong Huang
- Cornell High Energy Synchrotron Source (CHESS), Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Louisa Smieska
- Cornell High Energy Synchrotron Source (CHESS), Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Arthur Woll
- Cornell High Energy Synchrotron Source (CHESS), Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Ryan Tappero
- National Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA
| | - Andrew Kiss
- National Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA
| | - Chen Jiao
- Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Zhangjun Fei
- Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
- Robert W. Holley Center for Agriculture and Health, USDA-ARS, NY 14853, USA
| | - Leon V Kochian
- Robert W. Holley Center for Agriculture and Health, USDA-ARS, NY 14853, USA
| | - Elsbeth Walker
- Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts, MA 01003, USA
| | - Miguel Piñeros
- Plant Biology Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
- Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
- Robert W. Holley Center for Agriculture and Health, USDA-ARS, NY 14853, USA
| | - Olena K Vatamaniuk
- Soil and Crop Sciences Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
- Plant Biology Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Molnár Z, Solomon W, Mutum L, Janda T. Understanding the Mechanisms of Fe Deficiency in the Rhizosphere to Promote Plant Resilience. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:1945. [PMID: 37653862 PMCID: PMC10224236 DOI: 10.3390/plants12101945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
One of the most significant constraints on agricultural productivity is the low availability of iron (Fe) in soil, which is directly related to biological, physical, and chemical activities in the rhizosphere. The rhizosphere has a high iron requirement due to plant absorption and microorganism density. Plant roots and microbes in the rhizosphere play a significant role in promoting plant iron (Fe) uptake, which impacts plant development and physiology by influencing nutritional, biochemical, and soil components. The concentration of iron accessible to these live organisms in most cultivated soil is quite low due to its solubility being limited by stable oxyhydroxide, hydroxide, and oxides. The dissolution and solubility rates of iron are also significantly affected by soil pH, microbial population, organic matter content, redox processes, and particle size of the soil. In Fe-limiting situations, plants and soil microbes have used active strategies such as acidification, chelation, and reduction, which have an important role to play in enhancing soil iron availability to plants. In response to iron deficiency, plant and soil organisms produce organic (carbohydrates, amino acids, organic acids, phytosiderophores, microbial siderophores, and phenolics) and inorganic (protons) chemicals in the rhizosphere to improve the solubility of poorly accessible Fe pools. The investigation of iron-mediated associations among plants and microorganisms influences plant development and health, providing a distinctive prospect to further our understanding of rhizosphere ecology and iron dynamics. This review clarifies current knowledge of the intricate dynamics of iron with the end goal of presenting an overview of the rhizosphere mechanisms that are involved in the uptake of iron by plants and microorganisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zoltán Molnár
- Department of Plant Sciences, Albert Kázmér Faculty of Mosonmagyaróvár, Széchenyi István University, H-9200 Mosonmagyaróvár, Hungary
| | - Wogene Solomon
- Department of Plant Sciences, Albert Kázmér Faculty of Mosonmagyaróvár, Széchenyi István University, H-9200 Mosonmagyaróvár, Hungary
| | - Lamnganbi Mutum
- Department of Plant Sciences, Albert Kázmér Faculty of Mosonmagyaróvár, Széchenyi István University, H-9200 Mosonmagyaróvár, Hungary
| | - Tibor Janda
- Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, H-2462 Martonvásár, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Identification and Functional Analysis of Two Mitoferrins, CsMIT1 and CsMIT2, Participating in Iron Homeostasis in Cucumber. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24055050. [PMID: 36902490 PMCID: PMC10003640 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24055050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are one of the major iron sinks in plant cells. Mitochondrial iron accumulation involves the action of ferric reductase oxidases (FRO) and carriers located in the inner mitochondrial membrane. It has been suggested that among these transporters, mitoferrins (mitochondrial iron transporters, MITs) belonging to the mitochondrial carrier family (MCF) function as mitochondrial iron importers. In this study, two cucumber proteins, CsMIT1 and CsMIT2, with high homology to Arabidopsis, rice and yeast MITs were identified and characterized. CsMIT1 and CsMIT2 were expressed in all organs of the two-week-old seedlings. Under Fe-limited conditions as well as Fe excess, the mRNA levels of CsMIT1 and CsMIT2 were altered, suggesting their regulation by iron availability. Analyses using Arabidopsis protoplasts confirmed the mitochondrial localization of cucumber mitoferrins. Expression of CsMIT1 and CsMIT2 restored the growth of the Δmrs3Δmrs4 mutant (defective in mitochondrial Fe transport), but not in mutants sensitive to other heavy metals. Moreover, the altered cytosolic and mitochondrial Fe concentrations, observed in the Δmrs3Δmrs4 strain, were recovered almost to the levels of WT yeast by expressing CsMIT1 or CsMIT2. These results indicate that cucumber proteins are involved in the iron transport from the cytoplasm to the mitochondria.
Collapse
|
11
|
Yu Y, Wang Y, Yao Z, Wang Z, Xia Z, Lee J. Comprehensive Survey of ChIP-Seq Datasets to Identify Candidate Iron Homeostasis Genes Regulated by Chromatin Modifications. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2665:95-111. [PMID: 37166596 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3183-6_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Vital biochemical reactions including photosynthesis to respiration require iron, which should be tightly regulated. Although increasing evidence reveals the importance of epigenetic regulation in gene expression and signaling, the role of histone modifications and chromatin remodeling in plant iron homeostasis is not well understood. In this study, we surveyed publicly available ChIP-seq datasets of Arabidopsis wild-type and mutants defective in key enzymes of histone modification and chromatin remodeling and compared the deposition of epigenetic marks on loci of genes involved in iron regulation. Based on the analysis, we compiled a comprehensive list of iron homeostasis genes with differential enrichment of various histone modifications. This report will provide a resource for future studies to investigate epigenetic regulatory mechanisms of iron homeostasis in plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yu
- Division of Natural and Applied Sciences, Duke Kunshan University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuxin Wang
- Division of Natural and Applied Sciences, Duke Kunshan University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhujun Yao
- Division of Natural and Applied Sciences, Duke Kunshan University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ziqin Wang
- Division of Natural and Applied Sciences, Duke Kunshan University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zijun Xia
- Division of Natural and Applied Sciences, Duke Kunshan University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Joohyun Lee
- Division of Natural and Applied Sciences, Duke Kunshan University, Jiangsu, China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Kong WL, Wen TY, Wang YH, Wu XQ. Physiological and Transcriptome Analyses Revealed the Mechanism by Which Deferoxamine Promotes Iron Absorption in Cinnamomum camphora. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23179854. [PMID: 36077250 PMCID: PMC9456238 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Iron deficiency causes chlorosis and growth inhibition in Cinnamomum camphora, an important landscaping tree species. Siderophores produced by plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria have been widely reported to play an indispensable role in plant iron nutrition. However, little to date has been determined about how microbial siderophores promote plant iron absorption. In this study, multidisciplinary approaches, including physiological, biochemical and transcriptome methods, were used to investigate the role of deferoxamine (DFO) in regulating Fe availability in C. camphora seedlings. Our results showed that DFO supplementation significantly increased the Fe2+ content, SPAD value and ferric-chelate reductase (FCR) activity in plants, suggesting its beneficial effect under Fe deficiency. This DFO-driven amelioration of Fe deficiency was further supported by the improvement of photosynthesis. Intriguingly, DFO treatment activated the metabolic pathway of glutathione (GSH) synthesis, and exogenous spraying reduced glutathione and also alleviated chlorosis in C. camphora. In addition, the expression of some Fe acquisition and transport-related genes, including CcbHLH, CcFRO6, CcIRT2, CcNramp5, CcOPT3 and CcVIT4, was significantly upregulated by DFO treatment. Collectively, our data demonstrated an effective, economical and feasible organic iron-complexing agent for iron-deficient camphor trees and provided new insights into the mechanism by which siderophores promote iron absorption in plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Liang Kong
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Prevention and Management of Invasive Species, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Tong-Yue Wen
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Prevention and Management of Invasive Species, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Ya-Hui Wang
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Prevention and Management of Invasive Species, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Xiao-Qin Wu
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Prevention and Management of Invasive Species, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +86-25-8542-7427
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Khan MS, Lu Q, Cui M, Rajab H, Wu H, Chai T, Ling HQ. Crosstalk Between Iron and Sulfur Homeostasis Networks in Arabidopsis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:878418. [PMID: 35755678 PMCID: PMC9224419 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.878418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The widespread deficiency of iron (Fe) and sulfur (S) is becoming a global concern. The underlying mechanisms regulating Fe and S sensing and signaling have not been well understood. We investigated the crosstalk between Fe and S using mutants impaired in Fe homeostasis, sulfate assimilation, and glutathione (GSH) biosynthesis. We showed that chlorosis symptoms induced by Fe deficiency were not directly related to the endogenous GSH levels. We found dynamic crosstalk between Fe and S networks and more interestingly observed that the upregulated expression of IRT1 and FRO2 under S deficiency in Col-0 was missing in the cad2-1 mutant background, which suggests that under S deficiency, the expression of IRT1 and FRO2 was directly or indirectly dependent on GSH. Interestingly, the bottleneck in sulfite reduction led to a constitutively higher IRT1 expression in the sir1-1 mutant. While the high-affinity sulfate transporter (Sultr1;2) was upregulated under Fe deficiency in the roots, the low-affinity sulfate transporters (Sultr2;1, and Sultr2;2) were down-regulated in the shoots of Col-0 seedlings. Moreover, the expression analysis of some of the key players in the Fe-S cluster assembly revealed that the expression of the so-called Fe donor in mitochondria (AtFH) and S mobilizer of group II cysteine desulfurase in plastids (AtNFS2) were upregulated under Fe deficiency in Col-0. Our qPCR data and ChIP-qPCR experiments suggested that the expression of AtFH is likely under the transcriptional regulation of the central transcription factor FIT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Sayyar Khan
- The State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, National Center for Plant Gene Research (Beijing), Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Qiao Lu
- The State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, National Center for Plant Gene Research (Beijing), Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Man Cui
- The State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, National Center for Plant Gene Research (Beijing), Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hala Rajab
- Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Huilan Wu
- The State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, National Center for Plant Gene Research (Beijing), Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tuanyao Chai
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hong-Qing Ling
- The State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, National Center for Plant Gene Research (Beijing), Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Fanara S, Schloesser M, Hanikenne M, Motte P. Altered metal distribution in the sr45-1 Arabidopsis mutant causes developmental defects. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 110:1332-1352. [PMID: 35305053 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The plant serine/arginine-rich (SR) splicing factor SR45 plays important roles in several biological processes, such as splicing, DNA methylation, innate immunity, glucose regulation, and abscisic acid signaling. A homozygous Arabidopsis sr45-1 null mutant is viable, but exhibits diverse phenotypic alterations, including delayed root development, late flowering, shorter siliques with fewer seeds, narrower leaves and petals, and unusual numbers of floral organs. Here, we report that the sr45-1 mutant presents an unexpected constitutive iron deficiency phenotype characterized by altered metal distribution in the plant. RNA-Sequencing highlighted severe perturbations in metal homeostasis, the phenylpropanoid pathway, oxidative stress responses, and reproductive development. Ionomic quantification and histochemical staining revealed strong iron accumulation in the sr45-1 root tissues accompanied by iron starvation in aerial parts. Mis-splicing of several key iron homeostasis genes, including BTS, bHLH104, PYE, FRD3, and ZIF1, was observed in sr45-1 roots. We showed that some sr45-1 developmental abnormalities can be complemented by exogenous iron supply. Our findings provide new insight into the molecular mechanisms governing the phenotypes of the sr45-1 mutant.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Steven Fanara
- InBioS-PhytoSystems, Functional Genomics and Plant Molecular Imaging and Centre for Assistance in Technology of Microscopy (CAREm), University of Liège, 4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - Marie Schloesser
- InBioS-PhytoSystems, Functional Genomics and Plant Molecular Imaging and Centre for Assistance in Technology of Microscopy (CAREm), University of Liège, 4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - Marc Hanikenne
- InBioS-PhytoSystems, Functional Genomics and Plant Molecular Imaging and Centre for Assistance in Technology of Microscopy (CAREm), University of Liège, 4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - Patrick Motte
- InBioS-PhytoSystems, Functional Genomics and Plant Molecular Imaging and Centre for Assistance in Technology of Microscopy (CAREm), University of Liège, 4000, Liège, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Murgia I, Marzorati F, Vigani G, Morandini P. Plant iron nutrition: the long road from soil to seeds. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2022; 73:1809-1824. [PMID: 34864996 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erab531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Iron (Fe) is an essential plant micronutrient since many cellular processes including photosynthesis, respiration, and the scavenging of reactive oxygen species depend on adequate Fe levels; however, non-complexed Fe ions can be dangerous for cells, as they can act as pro-oxidants. Hence, plants possess a complex homeostatic control system for safely taking up Fe from the soil and transporting it to its various cellular destinations, and for its subcellular compartmentalization. At the end of the plant's life cycle, maturing seeds are loaded with the required amount of Fe needed for germination and early seedling establishment. In this review, we discuss recent findings on how the microbiota in the rhizosphere influence and interact with the strategies adopted by plants to take up iron from the soil. We also focus on the process of seed-loading with Fe, and for crop species we also consider its associated metabolism in wild relatives. These two aspects of plant Fe nutrition may provide promising avenues for a better comprehension of the long pathway of Fe from soil to seeds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Irene Murgia
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Francesca Marzorati
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Gianpiero Vigani
- Plant Physiology Unit, Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Piero Morandini
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of Milano, Milano, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Feng Z, Ji S, Cui D. Integration of the Metabolomic and Transcriptome Analysis Reveals the Remarkable Compounds of G. bicolor Young and Mature Leaves under Different Iron Nutrient Conditions. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031160. [PMID: 35163082 PMCID: PMC8835294 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Revised: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Gynura bicolor (Roxb. ex Willd.) DC. (G. bicolor) is a functional vegetable rich in iron (Fe) and widely grown in Asia (e.g., Japan and China). Because most Fe in the soil exists in the form of insoluble oxides or hydroxides, it is difficult for plants to obtain Fe from the soil. A comparative metabolomic and transcriptome study was carried out to investigate the effect of Fe deficiency on metabolite synthesis and gene expression in young and mature leaves of G. bicolor. Fe deficiency caused chlorosis and decreased the chlorophyll content in young leaves. The metabolomic results for young leaves showed that l-glutamate and 4-hydroxybutanoic acid lactone significantly increased and decreased, respectively. The transcriptome results showed that the expression levels of genes involved in ferric reduction oxidase 7 and 14-kDa proline-rich protein DC2.15-like were significantly upregulated and downregulated, respectively. However, Fe deficiency had little effect on mature leaves.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Feng
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China; (Z.F.); (S.J.)
- Key Laboratory of on Site Processing Equipment for Agricultural Products, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Shuyu Ji
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China; (Z.F.); (S.J.)
- Key Laboratory of on Site Processing Equipment for Agricultural Products, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Di Cui
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China; (Z.F.); (S.J.)
- Key Laboratory of on Site Processing Equipment for Agricultural Products, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-159-256-006-17
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
McInturf SA, Khan MA, Gokul A, Castro-Guerrero NA, Höhner R, Li J, Marjault HB, Fichman Y, Kunz HH, Goggin FL, Keyster M, Nechushtai R, Mittler R, Mendoza-Cózatl DG. Cadmium interference with iron sensing reveals transcriptional programs sensitive and insensitive to reactive oxygen species. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2022; 73:324-338. [PMID: 34499172 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erab393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Iron (Fe) is an essential micronutrient whose uptake is tightly regulated to prevent either deficiency or toxicity. Cadmium (Cd) is a non-essential element that induces both Fe deficiency and toxicity; however, the mechanisms behind these Fe/Cd-induced responses are still elusive. Here we explored Cd- and Fe-associated responses in wild-type Arabidopsis and in a mutant that overaccumulates Fe (opt3-2). Gene expression profiling revealed a large overlap between transcripts induced by Fe deficiency and Cd exposure. Interestingly, the use of opt3-2 allowed us to identify additional gene clusters originally induced by Cd in the wild type but repressed in the opt3-2 background. Based on the high levels of H2O2 found in opt3-2, we propose a model where reactive oxygen species prevent the induction of genes that are induced in the wild type by either Fe deficiency or Cd. Interestingly, a defined cluster of Fe-responsive genes was found to be insensitive to this negative feedback, suggesting that their induction by Cd is more likely to be the result of an impaired Fe sensing. Overall, our data suggest that Fe deficiency responses are governed by multiple inputs and that a hierarchical regulation of Fe homeostasis prevents the induction of specific networks when Fe and H2O2 levels are elevated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samuel A McInturf
- Division of Plant Sciences, C.S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Mather A Khan
- Division of Plant Sciences, C.S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Arun Gokul
- Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, Cape Town, 7535, South Africa
| | - Norma A Castro-Guerrero
- Division of Plant Sciences, C.S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Ricarda Höhner
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, PO Box 644236, Pullman, WA 99164-4236, USA
| | - Jiamei Li
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, 217 Plant Sciences Building, University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA
| | | | - Yosef Fichman
- Division of Plant Sciences, C.S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Hans-Henning Kunz
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, PO Box 644236, Pullman, WA 99164-4236, USA
- Biozentrum der LMU München, Germany
| | - Fiona L Goggin
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, 217 Plant Sciences Building, University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA
| | - Marshall Keyster
- Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, Cape Town, 7535, South Africa
| | - Rachel Nechushtai
- Institute of Life Science, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 91904Israel
| | - Ron Mittler
- Division of Plant Sciences, C.S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - David G Mendoza-Cózatl
- Division of Plant Sciences, C.S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
- Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, Cape Town, 7535, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Hoang MTT, Almeida D, Chay S, Alcon C, Corratge-Faillie C, Curie C, Mari S. AtDTX25, a member of the multidrug and toxic compound extrusion family, is a vacuolar ascorbate transporter that controls intracellular iron cycling in Arabidopsis. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2021; 231:1956-1967. [PMID: 34080200 DOI: 10.1111/nph.17526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Iron (Fe) is an essential element, its transport is regulated by the cell redox balance. In seeds, Fe enters the embryo as Fe2+ and is stored in vacuoles as Fe3+ . Through its ferric reduction activity, ascorbate plays a major role in Fe redox state and therefore Fe transport within the seed. We searched for ascorbate membrane transporters responsible for controlling Fe reduction by screening the yeast ferric reductase-deficient fre1 strain and isolated AtDTX25, a member of the Multidrug And Toxic compound Extrusion (MATE) family. AtDTX25 was shown to mediate ascorbate efflux when expressed in yeast and Xenopus oocytes, in a pH-dependent manner. In planta, AtDTX25 is highly expressed during germination and encodes a vacuolar membrane protein. Isolated vacuoles from AtDTX25-1 knockout mutant contained less ascorbate and more Fe than wild-type (WT), and mutant seedlings were highly sensitive to Fe deficiency. Iron imaging further showed that the remobilisation of Fe from vacuoles was highly impaired in mutant seedlings. Taken together, our results established AtDTX25 as a vacuolar ascorbate transporter, required during germination to promote the reduction of the pool of stored Fe3+ and its remobilisation to feed the developing seedling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minh Thi Thanh Hoang
- BPMP, Université Montpellier, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, F-34060, France
| | - Diego Almeida
- BPMP, Université Montpellier, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, F-34060, France
| | - Sandrine Chay
- BPMP, Université Montpellier, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, F-34060, France
| | - Carine Alcon
- BPMP, Université Montpellier, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, F-34060, France
| | | | - Catherine Curie
- BPMP, Université Montpellier, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, F-34060, France
| | - Stephane Mari
- BPMP, Université Montpellier, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, F-34060, France
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Eggers R, Jammer A, Jha S, Kerschbaumer B, Lahham M, Strandback E, Toplak M, Wallner S, Winkler A, Macheroux P. The scope of flavin-dependent reactions and processes in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2021; 189:112822. [PMID: 34118767 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2021.112822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Flavin mononucleotide (FMN) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) are utilized as coenzymes in many biochemical reduction-oxidation reactions owing to the ability of the tricyclic isoalloxazine ring system to employ the oxidized, radical and reduced state. We have analyzed the genome of Arabidopsis thaliana to establish an inventory of genes encoding flavin-dependent enzymes (flavoenzymes) as a basis to explore the range of flavin-dependent biochemical reactions that occur in this model plant. Expectedly, flavoenzymes catalyze many pivotal reactions in primary catabolism, which are connected to the degradation of basic metabolites, such as fatty and amino acids as well as carbohydrates and purines. On the other hand, flavoenzymes play diverse roles in anabolic reactions most notably the biosynthesis of amino acids as well as the biosynthesis of pyrimidines and sterols. Importantly, the role of flavoenzymes goes much beyond these basic reactions and extends into pathways that are equally crucial for plant life, for example the production of natural products. In this context, we outline the participation of flavoenzymes in the biosynthesis and maintenance of cofactors, coenzymes and accessory plant pigments (e. g. carotenoids) as well as phytohormones. Moreover, several multigene families have emerged as important components of plant immunity, for example the family of berberine bridge enzyme-like enzymes, flavin-dependent monooxygenases and NADPH oxidases. Furthermore, the versatility of flavoenzymes is highlighted by their role in reactions leading to tRNA-modifications, chromatin regulation and cellular redox homeostasis. The favorable photochemical properties of the flavin chromophore are exploited by photoreceptors to govern crucial processes of plant adaptation and development. Finally, a sequence- and structure-based approach was undertaken to gain insight into the catalytic role of uncharacterized flavoenzymes indicating their involvement in unknown biochemical reactions and pathways in A. thaliana.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Reinmar Eggers
- Institute of Biochemistry, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 12/2, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Alexandra Jammer
- Institute of Biochemistry, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 12/2, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Shalinee Jha
- Institute of Biochemistry, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 12/2, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Bianca Kerschbaumer
- Institute of Biochemistry, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 12/2, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Majd Lahham
- Institute of Biochemistry, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 12/2, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Emilia Strandback
- Institute of Biochemistry, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 12/2, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Marina Toplak
- Institute of Biochemistry, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 12/2, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Silvia Wallner
- Institute of Biochemistry, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 12/2, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Andreas Winkler
- Institute of Biochemistry, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 12/2, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Peter Macheroux
- Institute of Biochemistry, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 12/2, 8010, Graz, Austria.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Sági-Kazár M, Zelenyánszki H, Müller B, Cseh B, Gyuris B, Farkas SZ, Fodor F, Tóth B, Kovács B, Koncz A, Visnovitz T, Buzás EI, Bánkúti B, Bánáti F, Szenthe K, Solti Á. Supraoptimal Iron Nutrition of Brassica napus Plants Suppresses the Iron Uptake of Chloroplasts by Down-Regulating Chloroplast Ferric Chelate Reductase. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:658987. [PMID: 34093616 PMCID: PMC8172622 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.658987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Iron (Fe) is an essential micronutrient for plants. Due to the requirement for Fe of the photosynthetic apparatus, the majority of shoot Fe content is localised in the chloroplasts of mesophyll cells. The reduction-based mechanism has prime importance in the Fe uptake of chloroplasts operated by Ferric Reductase Oxidase 7 (FRO7) in the inner chloroplast envelope membrane. Orthologue of Arabidopsis thaliana FRO7 was identified in the Brassica napus genome. GFP-tagged construct of BnFRO7 showed integration to the chloroplast. The time-scale expression pattern of BnFRO7 was studied under three different conditions: deficient, optimal, and supraoptimal Fe nutrition in both leaves developed before and during the treatments. Although Fe deficiency has not increased BnFRO7 expression, the slight overload in the Fe nutrition of the plants induced significant alterations in both the pattern and extent of its expression leading to the transcript level suppression. The Fe uptake of isolated chloroplasts decreased under both Fe deficiency and supraoptimal Fe nutrition. Since the enzymatic characteristics of the ferric chelate reductase (FCR) activity of purified chloroplast inner envelope membranes showed a significant loss for the substrate affinity with an unchanged saturation rate, protein level regulation mechanisms are suggested to be also involved in the suppression of the reduction-based Fe uptake of chloroplasts together with the saturation of the requirement for Fe.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Máté Sági-Kazár
- Department of Plant Physiology and Molecular Plant Biology, Institute of Biology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Helga Zelenyánszki
- Department of Plant Physiology and Molecular Plant Biology, Institute of Biology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Brigitta Müller
- Department of Plant Physiology and Molecular Plant Biology, Institute of Biology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Barnabás Cseh
- Department of Plant Physiology and Molecular Plant Biology, Institute of Biology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Balázs Gyuris
- Department of Plant Physiology and Molecular Plant Biology, Institute of Biology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Sophie Z. Farkas
- Department of Plant Physiology and Molecular Plant Biology, Institute of Biology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ferenc Fodor
- Department of Plant Physiology and Molecular Plant Biology, Institute of Biology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Brigitta Tóth
- Institute of Food Science, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences and Environmental Management, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Béla Kovács
- Institute of Food Science, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences and Environmental Management, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Anna Koncz
- Department of Genetics, Cell- and Immunobiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tamás Visnovitz
- Department of Genetics, Cell- and Immunobiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Edit I. Buzás
- Department of Genetics, Cell- and Immunobiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- MTA-SE Immune-Proteogenomics Extracellular Vesicle Research Group, Budapest, Hungary
- HCEMM-SE Extracellular Vesicle Research Group, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Barbara Bánkúti
- RT-Europe Non-profit Research Ltd., Mosonmagyaróvár, Hungary
| | - Ferenc Bánáti
- RT-Europe Non-profit Research Ltd., Mosonmagyaróvár, Hungary
| | - Kálmán Szenthe
- Carlsbad Research Organization Center Ltd., Újrónafõ, Hungary
| | - Ádám Solti
- Department of Plant Physiology and Molecular Plant Biology, Institute of Biology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Gu X, Chen IG, Harding SA, Nyamdari B, Ortega MA, Clermont K, Westwood JH, Tsai CJ. Plasma membrane phylloquinone biosynthesis in nonphotosynthetic parasitic plants. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 185:1443-1456. [PMID: 33793953 PMCID: PMC8133638 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiab031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Nonphotosynthetic holoparasites exploit flexible targeting of phylloquinone biosynthesis to facilitate plasma membrane redox signaling. Phylloquinone is a lipophilic naphthoquinone found predominantly in chloroplasts and best known for its function in photosystem I electron transport and disulfide bridge formation of photosystem II subunits. Phylloquinone has also been detected in plasma membrane (PM) preparations of heterotrophic tissues with potential transmembrane redox function, but the molecular basis for this noncanonical pathway is unknown. Here, we provide evidence of PM phylloquinone biosynthesis in a nonphotosynthetic holoparasite Phelipanche aegyptiaca. A nonphotosynthetic and nonplastidial role for phylloquinone is supported by transcription of phylloquinone biosynthetic genes during seed germination and haustorium development, by PM-localization of alternative terminal enzymes, and by detection of phylloquinone in germinated seeds. Comparative gene network analysis with photosynthetically competent parasites revealed a bias of P. aegyptiaca phylloquinone genes toward coexpression with oxidoreductases involved in PM electron transport. Genes encoding the PM phylloquinone pathway are also present in several photoautotrophic taxa of Asterids, suggesting an ancient origin of multifunctionality. Our findings suggest that nonphotosynthetic holoparasites exploit alternative targeting of phylloquinone for transmembrane redox signaling associated with parasitism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xi Gu
- Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Ing-Gin Chen
- School of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Scott A Harding
- School of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
- Department of Genetics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Batbayar Nyamdari
- School of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
- Department of Genetics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Maria A Ortega
- School of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
- Department of Genetics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Kristen Clermont
- School of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - James H Westwood
- School of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Chung-Jui Tsai
- Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
- School of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
- Department of Genetics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Bashir K, Ahmad Z, Kobayashi T, Seki M, Nishizawa NK. Roles of subcellular metal homeostasis in crop improvement. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2021; 72:2083-2098. [PMID: 33502492 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erab018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Improvement of crop production in response to rapidly changing environmental conditions is a serious challenge facing plant breeders and biotechnologists. Iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn), and copper (Cu) are essential micronutrients for plant growth and reproduction. These minerals are critical to several cellular processes including metabolism, photosynthesis, and cellular respiration. Regulating the uptake and distribution of these minerals could significantly improve plant growth and development, ultimately leading to increased crop production. Plant growth is limited by mineral deficiency, but on the other hand, excess Fe, Mn, Cu, and Zn can be toxic to plants; therefore, their uptake and distribution must be strictly regulated. Moreover, the distribution of these metals among subcellular organelles is extremely important for maintaining optimal cellular metabolism. Understanding the mechanisms controlling subcellular metal distribution and availability would enable development of crop plants that are better adapted to challenging and rapidly changing environmental conditions. Here, we describe advances in understanding of subcellular metal homeostasis, with a particular emphasis on cellular Fe homeostasis in Arabidopsis and rice, and discuss strategies for regulating cellular metabolism to improve plant production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Khurram Bashir
- Department of Biology, Syed Babar Ali School of Science and Engineering, Lahore, Pakistan
- Plant Genomics Network Research Team, Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Suehiro, Tsurumi Ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Zarnab Ahmad
- Plant Genomics Network Research Team, Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Suehiro, Tsurumi Ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Takanori Kobayashi
- Research Institute for Bioresources and Biotechnology, Ishikawa Prefectural University, Nonoichi, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Motoaki Seki
- Plant Genomics Network Research Team, Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Suehiro, Tsurumi Ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
- Kihara Institute for Biological Research, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
- Plant Epigenome Regulation Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, Wako, Saitama, Japan
| | - Naoko K Nishizawa
- Research Institute for Bioresources and Biotechnology, Ishikawa Prefectural University, Nonoichi, Ishikawa, Japan
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Kabir AH, Tahura S, Elseehy MM, El-Shehawi AM. Molecular characterization of Fe-acquisition genes causing decreased Fe uptake and photosynthetic inefficiency in Fe-deficient sunflower. Sci Rep 2021; 11:5537. [PMID: 33692433 PMCID: PMC7947006 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-85147-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Iron (Fe) deficiency in plants hinders growth and yield. Thus, this study aims to elucidate the responses and molecular characterization of genes in Fe-deficient sunflower. The study was conducted on 14 days-old sunflower plants cultivated in hydroponic culture under Fe-sufficient and Fe-deficient conditions. The Fe-starved sunflower showed substantial decrease in plant biomass, SPAD score, quantum yield efficiency of PSII (Fv/Fm), photosynthetic performance index (Pi_ABS). Further, Fe shortage reduced Fe and Zn concentrations in roots and shoots, accompanied by a marked decrease of HaNramp1 and HaZIP1 expression in roots, suggesting the association of Zn status contributing to photosynthetic inefficiency in sunflower. The ferric chelate reductase (FCR) activity, along with HaFRO2 and HaIRT1 transcripts, were constitutively expressed, suggesting that sunflower plants can regulate FCR activity, although the lack of bioavailable Fe in the rhizosphere strongly corresponds to the limited Fe uptake in sunflower. The substantial increase of proton extrusion in roots and the localization of Fe-related genes in the plasma membrane are also evident in sunflower as common responses to Fe-deficiency by this Strategy I plant species. Analysis showed that three motifs of Fe-related proteins were linked to the ZIP zinc transporter. The interactome map revealed the close partnership of these Fe-related genes in addition to FRU gene encoding putative transcription factor linked to Fe uptake response. The cis-regulatory analysis of promoter suggested the involvement of auxin, salicylic acid, and methyl jasmonate-responsive elements in the regulatory process in response to Fe deficiency. These findings may be beneficial to develop Fe-efficient sunflower plants through breeding or genome editing approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sharaban Tahura
- Department of Botany, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205, Bangladesh
| | - Mona M Elseehy
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M El-Shehawi
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Tewari RK, Horemans N, Watanabe M. Evidence for a role of nitric oxide in iron homeostasis in plants. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2021; 72:990-1006. [PMID: 33196822 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO), once regarded as a poisonous air pollutant, is now understood as a regulatory molecule essential for several biological functions in plants. In this review, we summarize NO generation in different plant organs and cellular compartments, and also discuss the role of NO in iron (Fe) homeostasis, particularly in Fe-deficient plants. Fe is one of the most limiting essential nutrient elements for plants. Plants often exhibit Fe deficiency symptoms despite sufficient tissue Fe concentrations. NO appears to not only up-regulate Fe uptake mechanisms but also makes Fe more bioavailable for metabolic functions. NO forms complexes with Fe, which can then be delivered into target cells/tissues. NO generated in plants can alleviate oxidative stress by regulating antioxidant defense processes, probably by improving functional Fe status and by inducing post-translational modifications in the enzymes/proteins involved in antioxidant defense responses. It is hypothesized that NO acts in cooperation with transcription factors such as bHLHs, FIT, and IRO to regulate the expression of enzymes and proteins essential for Fe homeostasis. However, further investigations are needed to disentangle the interaction of NO with intracellular target molecules that leads to enhanced internal Fe availability in plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Nele Horemans
- Biosphere Impact Studies, Belgian Nuclear Research Center (SCK•CEN), Boeretang, Mol, Belgium
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Agoralaan gebouw D, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Masami Watanabe
- Laboratory of Plant Biochemistry, Chiba University, Inage-ward, Yayoicho, Chiba, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Yadav B, Jogawat A, Lal SK, Lakra N, Mehta S, Shabek N, Narayan OP. Plant mineral transport systems and the potential for crop improvement. PLANTA 2021; 253:45. [PMID: 33483879 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-020-03551-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Nutrient transporter genes could be a potential candidate for improving crop plants, with enhanced nutrient uptake leading to increased crop yield by providing tolerance against different biotic and abiotic stresses. The world's food supply is nearing a crisis in meeting the demands of an ever-growing global population, and an increase in both yield and nutrient value of major crops is vitally necessary to meet the increased population demand. Nutrients play an important role in plant metabolism as well as growth and development, and nutrient deficiency results in retarded plant growth and leads to reduced crop yield. A variety of cellular processes govern crop plant nutrient absorption from the soil. Among these, nutrient membrane transporters play an important role in the acquisition of nutrients from soil and transport of these nutrients to their target sites. In addition, as excess nutrient delivery has toxic effects on plant growth, these membrane transporters also play a significant role in the removal of excess nutrients in the crop plant. The key function provided by membrane transporters is the ability to supply the crop plant with an adequate level of tolerance against environmental stresses, such as soil acidity, alkalinity, salinity, drought, and pathogen attack. Membrane transporter genes have been utilized for the improvement of crop plants, with enhanced nutrient uptake leading to increased crop yield by providing tolerance against different biotic and abiotic stresses. Further understanding of the basic mechanisms of nutrient transport in crop plants could facilitate the advanced design of engineered plant crops to achieve increased yield and improve nutrient quality through the use of genetic technologies as well as molecular breeding. This review is focused on nutrient toxicity and tolerance mechanisms in crop plants to aid in understanding and addressing the anticipated global food demand.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bindu Yadav
- School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Abhimanyu Jogawat
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, India
| | - Shambhu Krishan Lal
- ICAR- Indian Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
| | - Nita Lakra
- Department of Biotechnology, CCS HAU, Hisar, India
| | - Sahil Mehta
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
| | - Nitzan Shabek
- Department of Plant Biology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Emami H, Kumar A, Kempken F. Transcriptomic analysis of poco1, a mitochondrial pentatricopeptide repeat protein mutant in Arabidopsis thaliana. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 20:209. [PMID: 32397956 PMCID: PMC7216612 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-020-02418-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Flowering is a crucial stage during plant development. Plants may respond to unfavorable conditions by accelerating reproductive processes like flowering. In a recent study, we showed that PRECOCIOUS1 (POCO1) is a mitochondrial pentatricopeptide repeat (PPR) protein involved in flowering time and abscisic acid (ABA) signaling in Arabidopsis thaliana. Here, we use RNA-seq data to investigate global gene expression alteration in the poco1 mutant. RESULTS RNA-seq analysis was performed during different developmental stages for wild-type and poco1 plants. The most profound differences in gene expression were found when wild-type and poco1 plants of the same developmental stage were compared. Coverage analysis confirmed the T-DNA insertion in POCO1, which was concomitant with truncated transcripts. Many biological processes were found to be enriched. Several flowering-related genes such as FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT), which may be involved in the early-flowering phenotype of poco1, were differentially regulated. Numerous ABA-associated genes, including the core components of ABA signaling such as ABA receptors, protein phosphatases, protein kinases, and ABA-responsive element (ABRE) binding proteins (AREBs)/ABRE-binding factors (ABFs) as well as important genes for stomatal function, were mostly down-regulated in poco1. Drought and oxidative stress-related genes, including ABA-induced stress genes, were differentially regulated. RNA-seq analysis also uncovered differentially regulated genes encoding various classes of transcription factors and genes involved in cellular signaling. Furthermore, the expression of stress-associated nuclear genes encoding mitochondrial proteins (NGEMPs) was found to be altered in poco1. Redox-related genes were affected, suggesting that the redox state in poco1 might be altered. CONCLUSION The identification of various enriched biological processes indicates that complex regulatory mechanisms underlie poco1 development. Differentially regulated genes associated with flowering may contribute to the early-flowering phenotype of poco1. Our data suggest the involvement of POCO1 in the early ABA signaling process. The down-regulation of many ABA-related genes suggests an association of poco1 mutation with the ABA signaling deficiency. This condition further affects the expression of many stress-related, especially drought-associated genes in poco1, consistent with the drought sensitivity of poco1. poco1 mutation also affects the expression of genes associated with the cellular regulation, redox, and mitochondrial perturbation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Emami
- Department of Botany, Christian-Albrechts-University, Olshausenstr. 40, 24098, Kiel, Germany
| | - Abhishek Kumar
- Present address: Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore, 560066, India
- Present address: Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Frank Kempken
- Department of Botany, Christian-Albrechts-University, Olshausenstr. 40, 24098, Kiel, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Schwarz B, Bauer P. FIT, a regulatory hub for iron deficiency and stress signaling in roots, and FIT-dependent and -independent gene signatures. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2020; 71:1694-1705. [PMID: 31922570 PMCID: PMC7067300 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Iron (Fe) is vital for plant growth. Plants balance the beneficial and toxic effects of this micronutrient, and tightly control Fe uptake and allocation. Here, we review the role of the basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor FIT (FER-LIKE FE DEFICIENCY-INDUCED TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR) in Fe acquisition. FIT is not only essential, it is also a central regulatory hub in root cells to steer and adjust the rate of Fe uptake by the root in a changing environment. FIT regulates a subset of root Fe deficiency (-Fe) response genes. Based on a combination of co-expression network and FIT-dependent transcriptome analyses, we defined a set of FIT-dependent and FIT-independent gene expression signatures and co-expression clusters that encode specific functions in Fe regulation and Fe homeostasis. These gene signatures serve as markers to integrate novel regulatory factors and signals into the -Fe response cascade. FIT forms a complex with bHLH subgroup Ib transcription factors. Furthermore, it interacts with key regulators from different signaling pathways that either activate or inhibit FIT function to adjust Fe acquisition to growth and environmental constraints. Co-expression clusters and FIT protein interactions suggest a connection of -Fe with ABA responses and root cell elongation processes that can be explored in future studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Birte Schwarz
- Institute of Botany, Heinrich Heine University, Universitätsstr. 1, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Petra Bauer
- Institute of Botany, Heinrich Heine University, Universitätsstr. 1, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence on Plant Science (CEPLAS), Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Escudero V, Abreu I, del Sastre E, Tejada-Jiménez M, Larue C, Novoa-Aponte L, Castillo-González J, Wen J, Mysore KS, Abadía J, Argüello JM, Castillo-Michel H, Álvarez-Fernández A, Imperial J, González-Guerrero M. Nicotianamine Synthase 2 Is Required for Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation in Medicago truncatula Nodules. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 10:1780. [PMID: 32082345 PMCID: PMC7003136 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Symbiotic nitrogen fixation carried out by the interaction between legumes and diazotrophic bacteria known as rhizobia requires relatively large levels of transition metals. These elements are cofactors of many key enzymes involved in this process. Metallic micronutrients are obtained from soil by the roots and directed to sink organs by the vasculature, in a process mediated by a number of metal transporters and small organic molecules that facilitate metal delivery in the plant fluids. Among the later, nicotianamine is one of the most important. Synthesized by nicotianamine synthases (NAS), this molecule forms metal complexes participating in intracellular metal homeostasis and long-distance metal trafficking. Here we characterized the NAS2 gene from model legume Medicago truncatula. MtNAS2 is located in the root vasculature and in all nodule tissues in the infection and fixation zones. Symbiotic nitrogen fixation requires of MtNAS2 function, as indicated by the loss of nitrogenase activity in the insertional mutant nas2-1, phenotype reverted by reintroduction of a wild-type copy of MtNAS2. This would result from the altered iron distribution in nas2-1 nodules shown with X-ray fluorescence. Moreover, iron speciation is also affected in these nodules. These data suggest a role of nicotianamine in iron delivery for symbiotic nitrogen fixation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Viviana Escudero
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas (UPM-INIA), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Isidro Abreu
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas (UPM-INIA), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Eric del Sastre
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas (UPM-INIA), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Tejada-Jiménez
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas (UPM-INIA), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Camille Larue
- EcoLab, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Toulouse, France
| | - Lorena Novoa-Aponte
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA, United States
| | - Jorge Castillo-González
- Estación Experimental de Aula Dei, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Jiangqi Wen
- Noble Research Institute, Ardmore, OK, United States
| | | | - Javier Abadía
- Estación Experimental de Aula Dei, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - José M. Argüello
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA, United States
| | | | - Ana Álvarez-Fernández
- Estación Experimental de Aula Dei, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Juan Imperial
- Instituto de Ciencias Agrarias, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel González-Guerrero
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas (UPM-INIA), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, Alimentaria y de Biosistemas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Handing off iron to the next generation: how does it get into seeds and what for? Biochem J 2020; 477:259-274. [DOI: 10.1042/bcj20190188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
To ensure the success of the new generation in annual species, the mother plant transfers a large proportion of the nutrients it has accumulated during its vegetative life to the next generation through its seeds. Iron (Fe) is required in large amounts to provide the energy and redox power to sustain seedling growth. However, free Fe is highly toxic as it leads to the generation of reactive oxygen species. Fe must, therefore, be tightly bound to chelating molecules to allow seed survival for long periods of time without oxidative damage. Nevertheless, when conditions are favorable, the seed's Fe stores have to be readily remobilized to achieve the transition toward active photosynthesis before the seedling becomes able to take up Fe from the environment. This is likely critical for the vigor of the young plant. Seeds constitute an important dietary source of Fe, which is essential for human health. Understanding the mechanisms of Fe storage in seeds is a key to improve their Fe content and availability in order to fight Fe deficiency. Seed longevity, germination efficiency and seedling vigor are also important traits that may be affected by the chemical form under which Fe is stored. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on seed Fe loading during development, long-term storage and remobilization upon germination. We highlight how this knowledge may help seed Fe biofortification and discuss how Fe storage may affect the seed quality and germination efficiency.
Collapse
|
30
|
Vigani G, Solti ÏDM, Thomine SB, Philippar K. Essential and Detrimental - an Update on Intracellular Iron Trafficking and Homeostasis. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2019; 60:1420-1439. [PMID: 31093670 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcz091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Chloroplasts, mitochondria and vacuoles represent characteristic organelles of the plant cell, with a predominant function in cellular metabolism. Chloroplasts are the site of photosynthesis and therefore basic and essential for photoautotrophic growth of plants. Mitochondria produce energy during respiration and vacuoles act as internal waste and storage compartments. Moreover, chloroplasts and mitochondria are sites for the biosynthesis of various compounds of primary and secondary metabolism. For photosynthesis and energy generation, the internal membranes of chloroplasts and mitochondria are equipped with electron transport chains. To perform proper electron transfer and several biosynthetic functions, both organelles contain transition metals and here iron is by far the most abundant. Although iron is thus essential for plant growth and development, it becomes toxic when present in excess and/or in its free, ionic form. The harmful effect of the latter is caused by the generation of oxidative stress. As a consequence, iron transport and homeostasis have to be tightly controlled during plant growth and development. In addition to the corresponding transport and homeostasis proteins, the vacuole plays an important role as an intracellular iron storage and release compartment at certain developmental stages. In this review, we will summarize current knowledge on iron transport and homeostasis in chloroplasts, mitochondria and vacuoles. In addition, we aim to integrate the physiological impact of intracellular iron homeostasis on cellular and developmental processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gianpiero Vigani
- Plant Physiology Unit, Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, via Quarello 15/A, Turin I, Italy
| | - Ï Dï M Solti
- Department of Plant Physiology and Molecular Plant Biology, E�tv�s Lor�nd University, Budapest H, Hungary
| | - Sï Bastien Thomine
- Institut de Biologie Int�grative de la Cellule, CNRS, Avenue de la Terrasse, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Katrin Philippar
- Plant Biology, Center for Human- and Molecular Biology (ZHMB), Saarland University, Campus A2.4, Saarbr�cken D, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
The Adaptive Mechanism of Plants to Iron Deficiency via Iron Uptake, Transport, and Homeostasis. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20102424. [PMID: 31100819 PMCID: PMC6566170 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20102424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 05/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Iron is an essential element for plant growth and development. While abundant in soil, the available Fe in soil is limited. In this regard, plants have evolved a series of mechanisms for efficient iron uptake, allowing plants to better adapt to iron deficient conditions. These mechanisms include iron acquisition from soil, iron transport from roots to shoots, and iron storage in cells. The mobilization of Fe in plants often occurs via chelating with phytosiderophores, citrate, nicotianamine, mugineic acid, or in the form of free iron ions. Recent work further elucidates that these genes’ response to iron deficiency are tightly controlled at transcriptional and posttranscriptional levels to maintain iron homeostasis. Moreover, increasing evidences shed light on certain factors that are identified to be interconnected and integrated to adjust iron deficiency. In this review, we highlight the molecular and physiological bases of iron acquisition from soil to plants and transport mechanisms for tolerating iron deficiency in dicotyledonous plants and rice.
Collapse
|
32
|
Kato T, Kumazaki K, Wada M, Taniguchi R, Nakane T, Yamashita K, Hirata K, Ishitani R, Ito K, Nishizawa T, Nureki O. Crystal structure of plant vacuolar iron transporter VIT1. NATURE PLANTS 2019; 5:308-315. [PMID: 30742036 DOI: 10.1038/s41477-019-0367-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The iron ion is an essential cofactor in several vital enzymatic reactions, such as DNA replication, oxygen transport, and respiratory and photosynthetic electron transfer chains, but its excess accumulation induces oxidative stress in cells. Vacuolar iron transporter 1 (VIT1) is important for iron homeostasis in plants, by transporting cytoplasmic ferrous ions into vacuoles. Modification of the VIT1 gene leads to increased iron content in crops, which could be used for the treatment of human iron deficiency diseases. Furthermore, a VIT1 from the malaria-causing parasite Plasmodium is considered as a potential drug target for malaria. Here we report the crystal structure of VIT1 from rose gum Eucalyptus grandis, which probably functions as a H+-dependent antiporter for Fe2+ and other transition metal ions. VIT1 adopts a novel protein fold forming a dimer of five membrane-spanning domains, with an ion-translocating pathway constituted by the conserved methionine and carboxylate residues at the dimer interface. The second transmembrane helix protrudes from the lipid membrane by about 40 Å and connects to a three-helical bundle, triangular cytoplasmic domain, which binds to the substrate metal ions and stabilizes their soluble form, thus playing an essential role in their transport. These mechanistic insights will provide useful information for the further design of genetically modified crops and the development of anti-malaria drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takafumi Kato
- Department of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kaoru Kumazaki
- Department of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Miki Wada
- Department of computational biology and medical sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Reiya Taniguchi
- Department of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takanori Nakane
- Department of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Structural Studies Division, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Kunio Hirata
- RIKEN SPring-8 Center, Sayo, Japan
- Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology , Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi, Japan
| | - Ryuichiro Ishitani
- Department of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koichi Ito
- Department of computational biology and medical sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Nishizawa
- Department of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
- Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology , Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi, Japan.
| | - Osamu Nureki
- Department of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Müller B, Kovács K, Pham HD, Kavak Y, Pechoušek J, Machala L, Zbořil R, Szenthe K, Abadía J, Fodor F, Klencsár Z, Solti Á. Chloroplasts preferentially take up ferric-citrate over iron-nicotianamine complexes in Brassica napus. PLANTA 2019; 249:751-763. [PMID: 30382344 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-018-3037-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Fe uptake machinery of chloroplasts prefers to utilise Fe(III)-citrate over Fe-nicotianamine complexes. Iron uptake in chloroplasts is a process of prime importance. Although a few members of their iron transport machinery were identified, the substrate preference of the system is still unknown. Intact chloroplasts of oilseed rape (Brassica napus) were purified and subjected to iron uptake studies using natural and artificial iron complexes. Fe-nicotianamine (NA) complexes were characterised by 5 K, 5 T Mössbauer spectrometry. Expression of components of the chloroplast Fe uptake machinery was also studied. Fe(III)-NA contained a minor paramagnetic Fe(II) component (ca. 9%), a paramagnetic Fe(III) component exhibiting dimeric or oligomeric structure (ca. 20%), and a Fe(III) complex, likely being a monomeric structure, which undergoes slow electronic relaxation at 5 K (ca. 61%). Fe(II)-NA contained more than one similar chemical Fe(II) environment with no sign of Fe(III) components. Chloroplasts preferred Fe(III)-citrate compared to Fe(III)-NA and Fe(II)-NA, but also to Fe(III)-EDTA and Fe(III)-o,o'EDDHA, and the Km value was lower for Fe(III)-citrate than for the Fe-NA complexes. Only the uptake of Fe(III)-citrate was light-dependent. Regarding the components of the chloroplast Fe uptake system, only genes of the reduction-based Fe uptake system showed high expression. Chloroplasts more effectively utilize Fe(III)-citrate, but hardly Fe-NA complexes in Fe uptake.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brigitta Müller
- Department of Plant Physiology and Molecular Plant Biology, Institute of Biology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/C, 1117, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Krisztina Kovács
- Laboratory of Nuclear Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/A, 1117, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Hong-Diep Pham
- Department of Plant Physiology and Molecular Plant Biology, Institute of Biology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/C, 1117, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Yusuf Kavak
- Department of Plant Physiology and Molecular Plant Biology, Institute of Biology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/C, 1117, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Jiři Pechoušek
- Departments of Experimental Physics and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Libor Machala
- Departments of Experimental Physics and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Radek Zbořil
- Departments of Experimental Physics and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Kálmán Szenthe
- RT-Europe Nonprofit Research Ltd., Vár tér 2, E Building, Mosonmagyaróvár, 9200, Hungary
| | - Javier Abadía
- Department of Plant Nutrition, Aula Dei Experimental Station, Spanish Council for Scientific Research (CSIC), P.O. Box 13034, 50080, Saragossa, Spain
| | - Ferenc Fodor
- Department of Plant Physiology and Molecular Plant Biology, Institute of Biology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/C, 1117, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Klencsár
- Centre for Energy Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Konkoly Thege Miklós út 29-33, Budapest, 1121, Hungary
| | - Ádám Solti
- Department of Plant Physiology and Molecular Plant Biology, Institute of Biology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/C, 1117, Budapest, Hungary.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Jain A, Dashner ZS, Connolly EL. Mitochondrial Iron Transporters (MIT1 and MIT2) Are Essential for Iron Homeostasis and Embryogenesis in Arabidopsis thaliana. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:1449. [PMID: 31850005 PMCID: PMC6889801 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Iron (Fe) is an essential nutrient for virtually all organisms, where it functions in critical electron transfer processes, like those involved in respiration. Photosynthetic organisms have special requirements for Fe due to its importance in photosynthesis. While the importance of Fe for mitochondria- and chloroplast-localized processes is clear, our understanding of the molecular mechanisms that underlie the trafficking of Fe to these compartments is not complete. Here, we describe the Arabidopsis mitochondrial iron transporters, MIT1 and MIT2, that belong to the mitochondrial carrier family (MCF) of transport proteins. MIT1 and MIT2 display considerable homology with known mitochondrial Fe transporters of other organisms. Expression of MIT1 or MIT2 rescues the phenotype of the yeast mrs3mrs4 mutant, which is defective in mitochondrial iron transport. Although the Arabidopsis mit1 and mit2 single mutants do not show any significant visible phenotypes, the double mutant mit1mit2 displays embryo lethality. Analysis of a mit1 -- /mit2 + - line revealed that MIT1 and MIT2 are essential for iron acquisition by mitochondria and proper mitochondrial function. In addition, loss of MIT function results in mislocalization of Fe, which in turn causes upregulation of the root high affinity Fe uptake pathway. Thus, MIT1 and MIT2 are required for the maintenance of both mitochondrial and whole plant Fe homeostasis, which, in turn, is important for the proper growth and development of the plant.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anshika Jain
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Zachary S. Dashner
- Department of Plant Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
| | - Erin L. Connolly
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
- Department of Plant Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
- *Correspondence: Erin L. Connolly,
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Li L, Ye L, Kong Q, Shou H. A Vacuolar Membrane Ferric-Chelate Reductase, OsFRO1, Alleviates Fe Toxicity in Rice ( Oryza sativa L.). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:700. [PMID: 31214220 PMCID: PMC6558154 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Ferric reductase oxidase (FRO), the enzyme that reduced ferric iron [Fe (III)] into ferrous iron [Fe (II)], is known to play important roles in Fe absorption and homeostasis in plants that utilize a strategy I mechanism to obtain iron. Rice can use both strategies I and II for Fe uptake depending on the growth conditions. FRO is encoded by two genes in rice genome. Amino acid sequence alignment shows that OsFRO1 contains all necessary predicted motifs for a functional FRO enzyme, whereas OsFRO2 lacks a complete transmembrane domain at the N-terminal. Transient expression of OsFRO1: GFP protein fusion revealed that OsFRO1 is localized to the vacuolar membrane in rice protoplast. OsFRO1 is primarily expressed in leaves and transcript abundance was decreased under excess Fe conditions. Transgenic plants overexpressing OsFRO1 were more sensitive to Fe toxicity, in contrast RNA interference lines showed more tolerance to Fe excess stress. Furthermore, RNAi lines showed decreased Fe concentrations compared to wild type plants under Fe excess condition. Together these data show that OsFRO1 is involved in reducing ferric Fe into ferrous Fe in the vacuole, and makes the vacuolar stored Fe available to the cytoplasm through Fe (II) or chelated Fe (II) transporters. Under Fe excess condition, the downregulation of OsFRO1 in the RNAi plants reduced the amount of Fe (II) available for cytoplasm, to alleviate Fe excess toxicity. This indicates that OsFRO1 plays an important role to maintain Fe homeostasis between the cytoplasm and vacuole in rice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lingxiao Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- The Zhejiang University Affiliated 15 Middle School in Hangzhou, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qihui Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Huixia Shou
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Huixia Shou,
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Muhammad I, Jing XQ, Shalmani A, Ali M, Yi S, Gan PF, Li WQ, Liu WT, Chen KM. Comparative in Silico Analysis of Ferric Reduction Oxidase (FRO) Genes Expression Patterns in Response to Abiotic Stresses, Metal and Hormone Applications. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23051163. [PMID: 29757203 PMCID: PMC6099960 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23051163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Revised: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The ferric reduction oxidase (FRO) gene family is involved in various biological processes widely found in plants and may play an essential role in metal homeostasis, tolerance and intricate signaling networks in response to a number of abiotic stresses. Our study describes the identification, characterization and evolutionary relationships of FRO genes families. Here, total 50 FRO genes in Plantae and 15 ‘FRO like’ genes in non-Plantae were retrieved from 16 different species. The entire FRO genes have been divided into seven clades according to close similarity in biological and functional behavior. Three conserved domains were common in FRO genes while in two FROs sub genome have an extra NADPH-Ox domain, separating the function of plant FROs. OsFRO1 and OsFRO7 genes were expressed constitutively in rice plant. Real-time RT-PCR analysis demonstrated that the expression of OsFRO1 was high in flag leaf, and OsFRO7 gene expression was maximum in leaf blade and flag leaf. Both genes showed vigorous expressions level in response to different abiotic and hormones treatments. Moreover, the expression of both genes was also substantial under heavy metal stresses. OsFRO1 gene expression was triggered following 6 h under Zn, Pb, Co and Ni treatments, whereas OsFRO7 gene expression under Fe, Pb and Ni after 12 h, Zn and Cr after 6 h, and Mn and Co after 3 h treatments. These findings suggest the possible involvement of both the genes under abiotic and metal stress and the regulation of phytohormones. Therefore, our current work may provide the foundation for further functional characterization of rice FRO genes family.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Izhar Muhammad
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
| | - Xiu-Qing Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
| | - Abdullah Shalmani
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
| | - Muhammad Ali
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
| | - Shi Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
| | - Peng-Fei Gan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
| | - Wen-Qiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
| | - Wen-Ting Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
| | - Kun-Ming Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Yan J, Chia JC, Sheng H, Jung HI, Zavodna TO, Zhang L, Huang R, Jiao C, Craft EJ, Fei Z, Kochian LV, Vatamaniuk OK. Arabidopsis Pollen Fertility Requires the Transcription Factors CITF1 and SPL7 That Regulate Copper Delivery to Anthers and Jasmonic Acid Synthesis. THE PLANT CELL 2017; 29:3012-3029. [PMID: 29114014 PMCID: PMC5757271 DOI: 10.1105/tpc.17.00363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Revised: 10/09/2017] [Accepted: 11/03/2017] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
A deficiency of the micronutrient copper (Cu) leads to infertility and grain/seed yield reduction in plants. How Cu affects fertility, which reproductive structures require Cu, and which transcriptional networks coordinate Cu delivery to reproductive organs is poorly understood. Using RNA-seq analysis, we showed that the expression of a gene encoding a novel transcription factor, CITF1 (Cu-DEFICIENCY INDUCED TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR1), was strongly upregulated in Arabidopsis thaliana flowers subjected to Cu deficiency. We demonstrated that CITF1 regulates Cu uptake into roots and delivery to flowers and is required for normal plant growth under Cu deficiency. CITF1 acts together with a master regulator of copper homeostasis, SPL7 (SQUAMOSA PROMOTER BINDING PROTEIN LIKE7), and the function of both is required for Cu delivery to anthers and pollen fertility. We also found that Cu deficiency upregulates the expression of jasmonic acid (JA) biosynthetic genes in flowers and increases endogenous JA accumulation in leaves. These effects are controlled in part by CITF1 and SPL7. Finally, we show that JA regulates CITF1 expression and that the JA biosynthetic mutant lacking the CITF1- and SPL7-regulated genes, LOX3 and LOX4, is sensitive to Cu deficiency. Together, our data show that CITF1 and SPL7 regulate Cu uptake and delivery to anthers, thereby influencing fertility, and highlight the relationship between Cu homeostasis, CITF1, SPL7, and the JA metabolic pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiapei Yan
- Soil and Crop Sciences Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853
| | - Ju-Chen Chia
- Soil and Crop Sciences Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853
| | - Huajin Sheng
- Soil and Crop Sciences Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853
| | - Ha-Il Jung
- Soil and Crop Sciences Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853
| | - Tetiana-Olena Zavodna
- Soil and Crop Sciences Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853
| | - Lu Zhang
- Soil and Crop Sciences Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853
| | - Rong Huang
- Cornell High Energy Synchrotron Source, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853
| | - Chen Jiao
- Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research, Ithaca, New York 14853
| | - Eric J Craft
- Robert W. Holley Center for Agriculture and Health, U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Ithaca, New York 14853-2901
| | - Zhangjun Fei
- Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research, Ithaca, New York 14853
| | - Leon V Kochian
- Global Institute for Food Security, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon S7N 5A8, Canada
| | - Olena K Vatamaniuk
- Soil and Crop Sciences Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Jeong J, Merkovich A, Clyne M, Connolly EL. Directing iron transport in dicots: regulation of iron acquisition and translocation. CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY 2017; 39:106-113. [PMID: 28689052 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2017.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Revised: 06/15/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Iron is essential for plant growth and development, but excess iron is cytotoxic. While iron is abundant in soil, it is often a limiting nutrient for plant growth. Consequentially, plants have evolved mechanisms to tightly regulate iron uptake, trafficking and storage. Recent work has contributed to a more comprehensive picture of iron uptake, further elucidating molecular and physiological processes that aid in solubilization of iron and modulation of the root system architecture in response to iron availability. Recent progress in understanding the regulators of the iron deficiency response and iron translocation from root to shoots, and especially to seeds are noteworthy. The molecular bases of iron sensing and signaling are gradually emerging, as well.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeeyon Jeong
- Department of Biology, Amherst College, Amherst, MA 01002, United States
| | - Aleks Merkovich
- Department of Biology, Amherst College, Amherst, MA 01002, United States
| | - Madeline Clyne
- Department of Biology, Amherst College, Amherst, MA 01002, United States
| | - Erin L Connolly
- Department of Plant Science, Penn State University, University Park, PA 16802, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Ruocco M, Musacchia F, Olivé I, Costa MM, Barrote I, Santos R, Sanges R, Procaccini G, Silva J. Genomewide transcriptional reprogramming in the seagrass Cymodocea nodosa under experimental ocean acidification. Mol Ecol 2017; 26:4241-4259. [PMID: 28614601 DOI: 10.1111/mec.14204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Revised: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Here, we report the first use of massive-scale RNA-sequencing to explore seagrass response to CO2 -driven ocean acidification (OA). Large-scale gene expression changes in the seagrass Cymodocea nodosa occurred at CO2 levels projected by the end of the century. C. nodosa transcriptome was obtained using Illumina RNA-Seq technology and de novo assembly, and differential gene expression was explored in plants exposed to short-term high CO2 /low pH conditions. At high pCO2 , there was a significant increased expression of transcripts associated with photosynthesis, including light reaction functions and CO2 fixation, and also to respiratory pathways, specifically for enzymes involved in glycolysis, in the tricarboxylic acid cycle and in the energy metabolism of the mitochondrial electron transport. The upregulation of respiratory metabolism is probably supported by the increased availability of photosynthates and increased energy demand for biosynthesis and stress-related processes under elevated CO2 and low pH. The upregulation of several chaperones resembling heat stress-induced changes in gene expression highlighted the positive role these proteins play in tolerance to intracellular acid stress in seagrasses. OA further modifies C. nodosa secondary metabolism inducing the transcription of enzymes related to biosynthesis of carbon-based secondary compounds, in particular the synthesis of polyphenols and isoprenoid compounds that have a variety of biological functions including plant defence. By demonstrating which physiological processes are most sensitive to OA, this research provides a major advance in the understanding of seagrass metabolism in the context of altered seawater chemistry from global climate change.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Ruocco
- CCMar-Centre of Marine Sciences, University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal
| | | | - Irene Olivé
- CCMar-Centre of Marine Sciences, University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal
| | - Monya M Costa
- CCMar-Centre of Marine Sciences, University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal
| | - Isabel Barrote
- CCMar-Centre of Marine Sciences, University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal
| | - Rui Santos
- CCMar-Centre of Marine Sciences, University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal
| | - Remo Sanges
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, Naples, Italy
| | | | - João Silva
- CCMar-Centre of Marine Sciences, University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Huang L, Shi X, Wang W, Ryu KH, Schiefelbein J. Diversification of Root Hair Development Genes in Vascular Plants. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2017; 174:1697-1712. [PMID: 28487476 PMCID: PMC5490906 DOI: 10.1104/pp.17.00374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Accepted: 04/30/2017] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The molecular genetic program for root hair development has been studied intensively in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). To understand the extent to which this program might operate in other plants, we conducted a large-scale comparative analysis of root hair development genes from diverse vascular plants, including eudicots, monocots, and a lycophyte. Combining phylogenetics and transcriptomics, we discovered conservation of a core set of root hair genes across all vascular plants, which may derive from an ancient program for unidirectional cell growth coopted for root hair development during vascular plant evolution. Interestingly, we also discovered preferential diversification in the structure and expression of root hair development genes, relative to other root hair- and root-expressed genes, among these species. These differences enabled the definition of sets of genes and gene functions that were acquired or lost in specific lineages during vascular plant evolution. In particular, we found substantial divergence in the structure and expression of genes used for root hair patterning, suggesting that the Arabidopsis transcriptional regulatory mechanism is not shared by other species. To our knowledge, this study provides the first comprehensive view of gene expression in a single plant cell type across multiple species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ling Huang
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
| | - Xinhui Shi
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
| | - Wenjia Wang
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
| | - Kook Hui Ryu
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
| | - John Schiefelbein
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
dos Santos RS, de Araujo AT, Pegoraro C, de Oliveira AC. Dealing with iron metabolism in rice: from breeding for stress tolerance to biofortification. Genet Mol Biol 2017; 40:312-325. [PMID: 28304072 PMCID: PMC5452141 DOI: 10.1590/1678-4685-gmb-2016-0036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2016] [Accepted: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Iron is a well-known metal. Used by humankind since ancient times in many different ways, this element is present in all living organisms, where, unfortunately, it represents a two-way problem. Being an essential block in the composition of different proteins and metabolic pathways, iron is a vital component for animals and plants. That is why iron deficiency has a severe impact on the lives of different organisms, including humans, becoming a major concern, especially in developing countries where access to adequate nutrition is still difficult. On the other hand, this metal is also capable of causing damage when present in excess, becoming toxic to cells and affecting the whole organism. Because of its importance, iron absorption, transport and storage mechanisms have been extensively investigated in order to design alternatives that may solve this problem. As the understanding of the strategies that plants use to control iron homeostasis is an important step in the generation of improved plants that meet both human agricultural and nutritional needs, here we discuss some of the most important points about this topic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Railson Schreinert dos Santos
- Plant Genomics and Breeding Center (CGF), Universidade Federal de
Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
- Technology Development Center (CDTec), Universidade Federal de
Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Camila Pegoraro
- Plant Genomics and Breeding Center (CGF), Universidade Federal de
Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Antonio Costa de Oliveira
- Plant Genomics and Breeding Center (CGF), Universidade Federal de
Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
- Technology Development Center (CDTec), Universidade Federal de
Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Campestre MP, Antonelli C, Calzadilla PI, Maiale SJ, Rodríguez AA, Ruiz OA. The alkaline tolerance in Lotus japonicus is associated with mechanisms of iron acquisition and modification of the architectural pattern of the root. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2016; 206:40-48. [PMID: 27688092 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2016.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2016] [Revised: 09/20/2016] [Accepted: 09/21/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The response of fifty-four Lotus japonicus ecotypes, and of six selected ecotypes was investigated under alkaline conditions. Sensitive, but not tolerant ecotypes, showed interveinal chlorosis under all alkalinity conditions and high mortality under extreme alkalinity. Interveinal chlorosis was associated with Fe deficiency, as a reduced Fe2+ shoot content was observed in all sensitive ecotypes. In addition, some showed a decline in photosynthesis rate and PSII performance compared to the control. In contrast, some tolerant ecotypes did not change these parameters between treatments. Alkaline tolerance could be explained by a mechanism of Fe acquisition and a root structural modification. This conclusion was based on the fact that all tolerant, but not the sensitive ecotypes, presented high ferric reductase oxidase activity under alkaline stress compared to the control, and a Herringbone root pattern modification. On this basis, the analysis of these mechanisms of alkaline tolerance could be used in screening programs for the selection of new tolerant genotypes in the Lotus genus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- María Paula Campestre
- Unidad de Biotecnología 1, Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas-Instituto Tecnológico de Chascomús/Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas-Universidad Nacional de San Martín (IIB-INTECH/CONICET-UNSAM), Avenida Intendente Marino Km 8.2 CC 164 (B7130IWA), Chascomús, Argentina
| | - Cristian Antonelli
- Unidad de Biotecnología 1, Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas-Instituto Tecnológico de Chascomús/Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas-Universidad Nacional de San Martín (IIB-INTECH/CONICET-UNSAM), Avenida Intendente Marino Km 8.2 CC 164 (B7130IWA), Chascomús, Argentina
| | - Pablo Ignacio Calzadilla
- Unidad de Biotecnología 1, Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas-Instituto Tecnológico de Chascomús/Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas-Universidad Nacional de San Martín (IIB-INTECH/CONICET-UNSAM), Avenida Intendente Marino Km 8.2 CC 164 (B7130IWA), Chascomús, Argentina
| | - Santiago Javier Maiale
- Unidad de Biotecnología 1, Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas-Instituto Tecnológico de Chascomús/Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas-Universidad Nacional de San Martín (IIB-INTECH/CONICET-UNSAM), Avenida Intendente Marino Km 8.2 CC 164 (B7130IWA), Chascomús, Argentina
| | - Andrés Alberto Rodríguez
- Unidad de Biotecnología 1, Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas-Instituto Tecnológico de Chascomús/Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas-Universidad Nacional de San Martín (IIB-INTECH/CONICET-UNSAM), Avenida Intendente Marino Km 8.2 CC 164 (B7130IWA), Chascomús, Argentina.
| | - Oscar Adolfo Ruiz
- Unidad de Biotecnología 1, Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas-Instituto Tecnológico de Chascomús/Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas-Universidad Nacional de San Martín (IIB-INTECH/CONICET-UNSAM), Avenida Intendente Marino Km 8.2 CC 164 (B7130IWA), Chascomús, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
van Veen H, Vashisht D, Akman M, Girke T, Mustroph A, Reinen E, Hartman S, Kooiker M, van Tienderen P, Schranz ME, Bailey-Serres J, Voesenek LACJ, Sasidharan R. Transcriptomes of Eight Arabidopsis thaliana Accessions Reveal Core Conserved, Genotype- and Organ-Specific Responses to Flooding Stress. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2016; 172:668-689. [PMID: 27208254 PMCID: PMC5047075 DOI: 10.1104/pp.16.00472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2016] [Accepted: 05/13/2016] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Climate change has increased the frequency and severity of flooding events, with significant negative impact on agricultural productivity. These events often submerge plant aerial organs and roots, limiting growth and survival due to a severe reduction in light reactions and gas exchange necessary for photosynthesis and respiration, respectively. To distinguish molecular responses to the compound stress imposed by submergence, we investigated transcriptomic adjustments to darkness in air and under submerged conditions using eight Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) accessions differing significantly in sensitivity to submergence. Evaluation of root and rosette transcriptomes revealed an early transcriptional and posttranscriptional response signature that was conserved primarily across genotypes, although flooding susceptibility-associated and genotype-specific responses also were uncovered. Posttranscriptional regulation encompassed darkness- and submergence-induced alternative splicing of transcripts from pathways involved in the alternative mobilization of energy reserves. The organ-specific transcriptome adjustments reflected the distinct physiological status of roots and shoots. Root-specific transcriptome changes included marked up-regulation of chloroplast-encoded photosynthesis and redox-related genes, whereas those of the rosette were related to the regulation of development and growth processes. We identified a novel set of tolerance genes, recognized mainly by quantitative differences. These included a transcriptome signature of more pronounced gluconeogenesis in tolerant accessions, a response that included stress-induced alternative splicing. This study provides organ-specific molecular resolution of genetic variation in submergence responses involving interactions between darkness and low-oxygen constraints of flooding stress and demonstrates that early transcriptome plasticity, including alternative splicing, is associated with the ability to cope with a compound environmental stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hans van Veen
- Plant Ecophysiology, Institute of Environmental Biology, Utrecht University, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands (H.v.V., D.V., E.R., S.H., M.K., J.B.-S., L.A.C.J.V., R.S.);Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, 56127 Pisa, Italy (H.v.V.);Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, 1090 GE Amsterdam, The Netherlands (M.A., P.v.T.);Center for Plant Cell Biology, Botany, and Plant Sciences, University of California, Riverside, California 92521 (T.G., J.B.-S.);Department of Plant Physiology, Bayreuth University, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany (A.M.); andBiosystematics Group, Wageningen University, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands (M.E.S.)
| | - Divya Vashisht
- Plant Ecophysiology, Institute of Environmental Biology, Utrecht University, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands (H.v.V., D.V., E.R., S.H., M.K., J.B.-S., L.A.C.J.V., R.S.);Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, 56127 Pisa, Italy (H.v.V.);Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, 1090 GE Amsterdam, The Netherlands (M.A., P.v.T.);Center for Plant Cell Biology, Botany, and Plant Sciences, University of California, Riverside, California 92521 (T.G., J.B.-S.);Department of Plant Physiology, Bayreuth University, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany (A.M.); andBiosystematics Group, Wageningen University, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands (M.E.S.)
| | - Melis Akman
- Plant Ecophysiology, Institute of Environmental Biology, Utrecht University, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands (H.v.V., D.V., E.R., S.H., M.K., J.B.-S., L.A.C.J.V., R.S.);Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, 56127 Pisa, Italy (H.v.V.);Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, 1090 GE Amsterdam, The Netherlands (M.A., P.v.T.);Center for Plant Cell Biology, Botany, and Plant Sciences, University of California, Riverside, California 92521 (T.G., J.B.-S.);Department of Plant Physiology, Bayreuth University, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany (A.M.); andBiosystematics Group, Wageningen University, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands (M.E.S.)
| | - Thomas Girke
- Plant Ecophysiology, Institute of Environmental Biology, Utrecht University, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands (H.v.V., D.V., E.R., S.H., M.K., J.B.-S., L.A.C.J.V., R.S.);Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, 56127 Pisa, Italy (H.v.V.);Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, 1090 GE Amsterdam, The Netherlands (M.A., P.v.T.);Center for Plant Cell Biology, Botany, and Plant Sciences, University of California, Riverside, California 92521 (T.G., J.B.-S.);Department of Plant Physiology, Bayreuth University, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany (A.M.); andBiosystematics Group, Wageningen University, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands (M.E.S.)
| | - Angelika Mustroph
- Plant Ecophysiology, Institute of Environmental Biology, Utrecht University, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands (H.v.V., D.V., E.R., S.H., M.K., J.B.-S., L.A.C.J.V., R.S.);Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, 56127 Pisa, Italy (H.v.V.);Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, 1090 GE Amsterdam, The Netherlands (M.A., P.v.T.);Center for Plant Cell Biology, Botany, and Plant Sciences, University of California, Riverside, California 92521 (T.G., J.B.-S.);Department of Plant Physiology, Bayreuth University, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany (A.M.); andBiosystematics Group, Wageningen University, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands (M.E.S.)
| | - Emilie Reinen
- Plant Ecophysiology, Institute of Environmental Biology, Utrecht University, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands (H.v.V., D.V., E.R., S.H., M.K., J.B.-S., L.A.C.J.V., R.S.);Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, 56127 Pisa, Italy (H.v.V.);Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, 1090 GE Amsterdam, The Netherlands (M.A., P.v.T.);Center for Plant Cell Biology, Botany, and Plant Sciences, University of California, Riverside, California 92521 (T.G., J.B.-S.);Department of Plant Physiology, Bayreuth University, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany (A.M.); andBiosystematics Group, Wageningen University, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands (M.E.S.)
| | - Sjon Hartman
- Plant Ecophysiology, Institute of Environmental Biology, Utrecht University, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands (H.v.V., D.V., E.R., S.H., M.K., J.B.-S., L.A.C.J.V., R.S.);Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, 56127 Pisa, Italy (H.v.V.);Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, 1090 GE Amsterdam, The Netherlands (M.A., P.v.T.);Center for Plant Cell Biology, Botany, and Plant Sciences, University of California, Riverside, California 92521 (T.G., J.B.-S.);Department of Plant Physiology, Bayreuth University, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany (A.M.); andBiosystematics Group, Wageningen University, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands (M.E.S.)
| | - Maarten Kooiker
- Plant Ecophysiology, Institute of Environmental Biology, Utrecht University, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands (H.v.V., D.V., E.R., S.H., M.K., J.B.-S., L.A.C.J.V., R.S.);Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, 56127 Pisa, Italy (H.v.V.);Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, 1090 GE Amsterdam, The Netherlands (M.A., P.v.T.);Center for Plant Cell Biology, Botany, and Plant Sciences, University of California, Riverside, California 92521 (T.G., J.B.-S.);Department of Plant Physiology, Bayreuth University, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany (A.M.); andBiosystematics Group, Wageningen University, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands (M.E.S.)
| | - Peter van Tienderen
- Plant Ecophysiology, Institute of Environmental Biology, Utrecht University, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands (H.v.V., D.V., E.R., S.H., M.K., J.B.-S., L.A.C.J.V., R.S.);Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, 56127 Pisa, Italy (H.v.V.);Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, 1090 GE Amsterdam, The Netherlands (M.A., P.v.T.);Center for Plant Cell Biology, Botany, and Plant Sciences, University of California, Riverside, California 92521 (T.G., J.B.-S.);Department of Plant Physiology, Bayreuth University, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany (A.M.); andBiosystematics Group, Wageningen University, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands (M.E.S.)
| | - M Eric Schranz
- Plant Ecophysiology, Institute of Environmental Biology, Utrecht University, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands (H.v.V., D.V., E.R., S.H., M.K., J.B.-S., L.A.C.J.V., R.S.);Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, 56127 Pisa, Italy (H.v.V.);Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, 1090 GE Amsterdam, The Netherlands (M.A., P.v.T.);Center for Plant Cell Biology, Botany, and Plant Sciences, University of California, Riverside, California 92521 (T.G., J.B.-S.);Department of Plant Physiology, Bayreuth University, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany (A.M.); andBiosystematics Group, Wageningen University, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands (M.E.S.)
| | - Julia Bailey-Serres
- Plant Ecophysiology, Institute of Environmental Biology, Utrecht University, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands (H.v.V., D.V., E.R., S.H., M.K., J.B.-S., L.A.C.J.V., R.S.);Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, 56127 Pisa, Italy (H.v.V.);Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, 1090 GE Amsterdam, The Netherlands (M.A., P.v.T.);Center for Plant Cell Biology, Botany, and Plant Sciences, University of California, Riverside, California 92521 (T.G., J.B.-S.);Department of Plant Physiology, Bayreuth University, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany (A.M.); andBiosystematics Group, Wageningen University, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands (M.E.S.)
| | - Laurentius A C J Voesenek
- Plant Ecophysiology, Institute of Environmental Biology, Utrecht University, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands (H.v.V., D.V., E.R., S.H., M.K., J.B.-S., L.A.C.J.V., R.S.);Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, 56127 Pisa, Italy (H.v.V.);Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, 1090 GE Amsterdam, The Netherlands (M.A., P.v.T.);Center for Plant Cell Biology, Botany, and Plant Sciences, University of California, Riverside, California 92521 (T.G., J.B.-S.);Department of Plant Physiology, Bayreuth University, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany (A.M.); andBiosystematics Group, Wageningen University, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands (M.E.S.)
| | - Rashmi Sasidharan
- Plant Ecophysiology, Institute of Environmental Biology, Utrecht University, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands (H.v.V., D.V., E.R., S.H., M.K., J.B.-S., L.A.C.J.V., R.S.);Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, 56127 Pisa, Italy (H.v.V.);Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, 1090 GE Amsterdam, The Netherlands (M.A., P.v.T.);Center for Plant Cell Biology, Botany, and Plant Sciences, University of California, Riverside, California 92521 (T.G., J.B.-S.);Department of Plant Physiology, Bayreuth University, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany (A.M.); andBiosystematics Group, Wageningen University, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands (M.E.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Bashir K, Rasheed S, Kobayashi T, Seki M, Nishizawa NK. Regulating Subcellular Metal Homeostasis: The Key to Crop Improvement. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:1192. [PMID: 27547212 PMCID: PMC4974246 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.01192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2016] [Accepted: 07/25/2016] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn), and copper (Cu) are essential micronutrient mineral elements for living organisms, as they regulate essential cellular processes, such as chlorophyll synthesis and photosynthesis (Fe, Cu, and Mn), respiration (Fe and Cu), and transcription (Zn). The storage and distribution of these minerals in various cellular organelles is strictly regulated to ensure optimal metabolic rates. Alteration of the balance in uptake, distribution, and/or storage of these minerals severely impairs cellular metabolism and significantly affects plant growth and development. Thus, any change in the metal profile of a cellular compartment significantly affects metabolism. Different subcellular compartments are suggested to be linked through complex retrograde signaling networks to regulate cellular metal homeostasis. Various genes regulating cellular and subcellular metal distribution have been identified and characterized. Understanding the role of these transporters is extremely important to elaborate the signaling between various subcellular compartments. Moreover, modulation of the proteins involved in cellular metal homeostasis may help in the regulation of metabolism, adaptability to a diverse range of environmental conditions, and biofortification. Here, we review progress in the understanding of different subcellular metal transport components in plants and discuss the prospects of regulating cellular metabolism and strategies to develop biofortified crop plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Khurram Bashir
- Plant Genomics Network Research Team, Center for Sustainable Resource Science, RIKEN, Yokohama Campus, YokohamaJapan
| | - Sultana Rasheed
- Plant Genomics Network Research Team, Center for Sustainable Resource Science, RIKEN, Yokohama Campus, YokohamaJapan
- Kihara Institute for Biological Research, Yokohama City University, YokohamaJapan
| | - Takanori Kobayashi
- Research Institute for Bioresources and Biotechnology, Ishikawa Prefectural University, NonoichiJapan
| | - Motoaki Seki
- Plant Genomics Network Research Team, Center for Sustainable Resource Science, RIKEN, Yokohama Campus, YokohamaJapan
- Kihara Institute for Biological Research, Yokohama City University, YokohamaJapan
- Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology – Japan Science and Technology Agency, KawaguchiJapan
| | - Naoko K. Nishizawa
- Research Institute for Bioresources and Biotechnology, Ishikawa Prefectural University, NonoichiJapan
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, TokyoJapan
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
González-Guerrero M, Escudero V, Saéz Á, Tejada-Jiménez M. Transition Metal Transport in Plants and Associated Endosymbionts: Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Rhizobia. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:1088. [PMID: 27524990 PMCID: PMC4965479 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.01088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Transition metals such as iron, copper, zinc, or molybdenum are essential nutrients for plants. These elements are involved in almost every biological process, including photosynthesis, tolerance to biotic and abiotic stress, or symbiotic nitrogen fixation. However, plants often grow in soils with limiting metallic oligonutrient bioavailability. Consequently, to ensure the proper metal levels, plants have developed a complex metal uptake and distribution system, that not only involves the plant itself, but also its associated microorganisms. These microorganisms can simply increase metal solubility in soils and making them more accessible to the host plant, as well as induce the plant metal deficiency response, or directly deliver transition elements to cortical cells. Other, instead of providing metals, can act as metal sinks, such as endosymbiotic rhizobia in legume nodules that requires relatively large amounts to carry out nitrogen fixation. In this review, we propose to do an overview of metal transport mechanisms in the plant-microbe system, emphasizing the role of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and endosymbiotic rhizobia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manuel González-Guerrero
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM) – Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA)Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Printz B, Lutts S, Hausman JF, Sergeant K. Copper Trafficking in Plants and Its Implication on Cell Wall Dynamics. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:601. [PMID: 27200069 PMCID: PMC4859090 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.00601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2015] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
In plants, copper (Cu) acts as essential cofactor of numerous proteins. While the definitive number of these so-called cuproproteins is unknown, they perform central functions in plant cells. As micronutrient, a minimal amount of Cu is needed to ensure cellular functions. However, Cu excess may exert in contrast detrimental effects on plant primary production and even survival. Therefore it is essential for a plant to have a strictly controlled Cu homeostasis, an equilibrium that is both tissue and developmentally influenced. In the current review an overview is presented on the different stages of Cu transport from the soil into the plant and throughout the different plant tissues. Special emphasis is on the Cu-dependent responses mediated by the SPL7 transcription factor, and the crosstalk between this transcriptional regulation and microRNA-mediated suppression of translation of seemingly non-essential cuproproteins. Since Cu is an essential player in electron transport, we also review the recent insights into the molecular mechanisms controlling chloroplastic and mitochondrial Cu transport and homeostasis. We finally highlight the involvement of numerous Cu-proteins and Cu-dependent activities in the properties of one of the major Cu-accumulation sites in plants: the cell wall.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Printz
- Environmental Research and Innovation Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and TechnologyEsch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
- Groupe de Recherche en Physiologie Végétale, Earth and Life Institute Agronomy, Université catholique de LouvainLouvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Stanley Lutts
- Groupe de Recherche en Physiologie Végétale, Earth and Life Institute Agronomy, Université catholique de LouvainLouvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Jean-Francois Hausman
- Environmental Research and Innovation Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and TechnologyEsch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Kjell Sergeant
- Environmental Research and Innovation Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and TechnologyEsch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Hoehenwarter W, Mönchgesang S, Neumann S, Majovsky P, Abel S, Müller J. Comparative expression profiling reveals a role of the root apoplast in local phosphate response. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2016; 16:106. [PMID: 27121119 PMCID: PMC4849097 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-016-0790-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plant adaptation to limited phosphate availability comprises a wide range of responses to conserve and remobilize internal phosphate sources and to enhance phosphate acquisition. Vigorous restructuring of root system architecture provides a developmental strategy for topsoil exploration and phosphate scavenging. Changes in external phosphate availability are locally sensed at root tips and adjust root growth by modulating cell expansion and cell division. The functionally interacting Arabidopsis genes, LOW PHOSPHATE RESPONSE 1 and 2 (LPR1/LPR2) and PHOSPHATE DEFICIENCY RESPONSE 2 (PDR2), are key components of root phosphate sensing. We recently demonstrated that the LOW PHOSPHATE RESPONSE 1 - PHOSPHATE DEFICIENCY RESPONSE 2 (LPR1-PDR2) module mediates apoplastic deposition of ferric iron (Fe(3+)) in the growing root tip during phosphate limitation. Iron deposition coincides with sites of reactive oxygen species generation and triggers cell wall thickening and callose accumulation, which interfere with cell-to-cell communication and inhibit root growth. RESULTS We took advantage of the opposite phosphate-conditional root phenotype of the phosphate deficiency response 2 mutant (hypersensitive) and low phosphate response 1 and 2 double mutant (insensitive) to investigate the phosphate dependent regulation of gene and protein expression in roots using genome-wide transcriptome and proteome analysis. We observed an overrepresentation of genes and proteins that are involved in the regulation of iron homeostasis, cell wall remodeling and reactive oxygen species formation, and we highlight a number of candidate genes with a potential function in root adaptation to limited phosphate availability. Our experiments reveal that FERRIC REDUCTASE DEFECTIVE 3 mediated, apoplastic iron redistribution, but not intracellular iron uptake and iron storage, triggers phosphate-dependent root growth modulation. We further highlight expressional changes of several cell wall-modifying enzymes and provide evidence for adjustment of the pectin network at sites of iron accumulation in the root. CONCLUSION Our study reveals new aspects of the elaborate interplay between phosphate starvation responses and changes in iron homeostasis. The results emphasize the importance of apoplastic iron redistribution to mediate phosphate-dependent root growth adjustment and suggest an important role for citrate in phosphate-dependent apoplastic iron transport. We further demonstrate that root growth modulation correlates with an altered expression of cell wall modifying enzymes and changes in the pectin network of the phosphate-deprived root tip, supporting the hypothesis that pectins are involved in iron binding and/or phosphate mobilization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang Hoehenwarter
- Proteome Analytics Research Group, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, D-06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Susann Mönchgesang
- Department of Stress and Developmental Biology, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, D-06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Steffen Neumann
- Department of Stress and Developmental Biology, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, D-06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Petra Majovsky
- Proteome Analytics Research Group, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, D-06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Steffen Abel
- Department of Molecular Signal Processing, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, D-06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, D-06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Jens Müller
- Department of Molecular Signal Processing, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, D-06120, Halle (Saale), Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Campestre MP, Castagno LN, Estrella MJ, Ruiz OA. Lotus japonicus plants of the Gifu B-129 ecotype subjected to alkaline stress improve their Fe(2+) bio-availability through inoculation with Pantoea eucalypti M91. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2016; 192:47-55. [PMID: 26815729 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2016.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2015] [Revised: 01/05/2016] [Accepted: 01/05/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Inoculation assays with Pantoea eucalypti M91 were performed on Lotus japonicus ecotype Gifu. Under alkaline conditions, this ecotype is characterized by the development of interveinal chlorosis of the apical leaves due to low mobilization of Fe(2+). Inoculation with P. eucalypti M91, a plant growth-promoting bacterial strain capable of producing pyoverdine-like and pyochelin-like siderophores under alkaline growth conditions, alters the root, resulting in a herringbone pattern of root branching. Additional features include improvement in Fe(2+) transport to the shoots, acidification of the hydroponic solution of the plant cultures, and an accompanying increase in the efficiency of the PSII parameters. In addition, there was an increase in the expression of the FRO1 and IRT1 genes, accompanied by a significant increase in FRO activity. Results showed that P. eucalypti M91 has a beneficial effect on the Fe acquisition machinery of Strategy I, as described for non-graminaceous monocots and dicots, suggesting its potential as an inoculant for legume crops cultivated in alkaline soils.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- María Paula Campestre
- Unidad de Biotecnología 1, Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas-Instituto Tecnológico de Chascomús/Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas-Universidad Nacional de San Martín (IIB-INTECH/CONICET-UNSAM), Avenida Intendente Marino Km 8,2 CC 164, B7130IWA Chascomús, Argentina.
| | - Luis Nazareno Castagno
- Laboratorio de Microbiología del Suelo, Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas-Instituto Tecnológico de Chascomús/Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas-Universidad Nacional de San Martín (IIB-INTECH/CONICET-UNSAM), Avenida Intendente Marino Km 8,2 CC 164, B7130IWA Chascomús, Argentina.
| | - María Julia Estrella
- Laboratorio de Microbiología del Suelo, Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas-Instituto Tecnológico de Chascomús/Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas-Universidad Nacional de San Martín (IIB-INTECH/CONICET-UNSAM), Avenida Intendente Marino Km 8,2 CC 164, B7130IWA Chascomús, Argentina.
| | - Oscar Adolfo Ruiz
- Unidad de Biotecnología 1, Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas-Instituto Tecnológico de Chascomús/Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas-Universidad Nacional de San Martín (IIB-INTECH/CONICET-UNSAM), Avenida Intendente Marino Km 8,2 CC 164, B7130IWA Chascomús, Argentina.
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Agafonov O, Selstø CH, Thorsen K, Xu XM, Drengstig T, Ruoff P. The Organization of Controller Motifs Leading to Robust Plant Iron Homeostasis. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0147120. [PMID: 26800438 PMCID: PMC4723245 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0147120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2015] [Accepted: 12/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Iron is an essential element needed by all organisms for growth and development. Because iron becomes toxic at higher concentrations iron is under homeostatic control. Plants face also the problem that iron in the soil is tightly bound to oxygen and difficult to access. Plants have therefore developed special mechanisms for iron uptake and regulation. During the last years key components of plant iron regulation have been identified. How these components integrate and maintain robust iron homeostasis is presently not well understood. Here we use a computational approach to identify mechanisms for robust iron homeostasis in non-graminaceous plants. In comparison with experimental results certain control arrangements can be eliminated, among them that iron homeostasis is solely based on an iron-dependent degradation of the transporter IRT1. Recent IRT1 overexpression experiments suggested that IRT1-degradation is iron-independent. This suggestion appears to be misleading. We show that iron signaling pathways under IRT1 overexpression conditions become saturated, leading to a breakdown in iron regulation and to the observed iron-independent degradation of IRT1. A model, which complies with experimental data places the regulation of cytosolic iron at the transcript level of the transcription factor FIT. Including the experimental observation that FIT induces inhibition of IRT1 turnover we found a significant improvement in the system’s response time, suggesting a functional role for the FIT-mediated inhibition of IRT1 degradation. By combining iron uptake with storage and remobilization mechanisms a model is obtained which in a concerted manner integrates iron uptake, storage and remobilization. In agreement with experiments the model does not store iron during its high-affinity uptake. As an iron biofortification approach we discuss the possibility how iron can be accumulated even during high-affinity uptake.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Oleg Agafonov
- Centre for Organelle Research, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
| | | | - Kristian Thorsen
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Xiang Ming Xu
- Centre for Organelle Research, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Tormod Drengstig
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Peter Ruoff
- Centre for Organelle Research, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Ruengphayak S, Ruanjaichon V, Saensuk C, Phromphan S, Tragoonrung S, Kongkachuichai R, Vanavichit A. Forward screening for seedling tolerance to Fe toxicity reveals a polymorphic mutation in ferric chelate reductase in rice. RICE (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2015; 8:36. [PMID: 26054239 PMCID: PMC4883132 DOI: 10.1186/s12284-014-0036-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2014] [Accepted: 12/11/2014] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rice contains the lowest grain Fe content among cereals. One biological limiting factor is the tolerance of rice to Fe toxicity. Reverse and forward genetic screenings were used to identify tolerance to Fe toxicity in 4,500 M4 lines irradiated by fast neutrons (FN). FINDINGS Fe-tolerant mutants were successfully isolated. In the forward screen, we selected five highly tolerant and four highly intolerant mutants based on the response of seedlings to 300 ppm Fe. Reverse screening based on the polymorphic coding sequence of seven Fe homeostatic genes detected by denaturing high performance liquid chromatography (dHPLC) revealed MuFRO1, a mutant for OsFRO1 (LOC_Os04g36720). The MuFRO1 mutant tolerated Fe toxicity in the vegetative stage and had 21-30% more grain Fe content than its wild type. All five highly Fe-tolerant mutants have the same haplotype as the MuFRO1, confirming the important role of OsFRO1 in Fe homeostasis in rice. CONCLUSIONS FN radiation generated extreme Fe-tolerant mutants capable of tolerating different levels of Fe toxicity in the lowland rice environment. Mutants from both reverse and forward screens suggested a role for OsFRO1 in seedling tolerance to Fe toxicity. The MuFRO1 mutant could facilitate rice production in the high-Fe soil found in Southeast Asia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siriphat Ruengphayak
- />Rice Science Center, Kasetsart University, Kamphaengsaen, Nakhon Pathom 73140 Thailand
- />Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Genetic Engineering, Kasetsart University, Chatuchak Bangkok, 10900 Thailand
| | - Vinitchan Ruanjaichon
- />Rice Gene Discovery, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Kasetsart University, Kamphaengsaen Nakhon Pathom, 73140 Thailand
| | - Chatree Saensuk
- />Rice Science Center, Kasetsart University, Kamphaengsaen, Nakhon Pathom 73140 Thailand
| | - Supaporn Phromphan
- />Rice Science Center, Kasetsart University, Kamphaengsaen, Nakhon Pathom 73140 Thailand
| | - Somvong Tragoonrung
- />Genome Institute, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), 113 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Road, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120 Thailand
| | | | - Apichart Vanavichit
- />Rice Science Center, Kasetsart University, Kamphaengsaen, Nakhon Pathom 73140 Thailand
- />Rice Gene Discovery, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Kasetsart University, Kamphaengsaen Nakhon Pathom, 73140 Thailand
- />Agronomy Department, Faculty of Agriculture at Kamphaengsaen, Kasetsart University, Kamphaengsaen Nakhon Pathom, 73140 Thailand
| |
Collapse
|