51
|
Kowitt SD, Aiello AE, Callahan LF, Fisher EB, Gottfredson NC, Jordan JM, Muessig KE. Associations among neighborhood poverty, perceived neighborhood environment, and depressed mood are mediated by physical activity, perceived individual control, and loneliness. Health Place 2020; 62:102278. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2019.102278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
52
|
Valois RF, Kerr JC, Carey MP, Brown LK, Romer D, DiClemente RJ, Vanable PA. Neighborhood Stress and Life Satisfaction: Is there a Relationship for African American Adolescents? APPLIED RESEARCH IN QUALITY OF LIFE 2020; 15:273-296. [PMID: 32042351 PMCID: PMC7009313 DOI: 10.1007/s11482-018-9679-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This study identified associations between perceived neighborhood stress and adolescents' perceptions of life satisfaction. African American adolescents aged 13-18 (n=1,658) from four matched, mid-sized cities in the northeastern and southeastern USA, completed a self-report questionnaire using an audio computer-assisted self-interview (ACASI). Analyses examined relationships between perceived neighborhood stress and perceived life satisfaction, while controlling for socioeconomic status (SES). Life satisfaction was found to be related to neighborhood stress for both males and females, with variability in neighborhood stress characteristics and in the magnitude of associations by gender. Further research should identify the particular characteristics of youth and specific aspects of adolescent life satisfaction associated with perceived neighborhood stress to develop community-based and culturally-sensitive quality of life improvement/health promotion programs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robert F Valois
- Department of Health Promotion, Education & Behavior, Arnold School of Public Health, Department of Family & Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208 USA 803-917-5844 or 803-781-8302
| | - Jelani C Kerr
- Department of Health Promotion and Behavioral Sciences, School of Public Health and Information Sciences, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202
| | - Michael P Carey
- Miriam Hospital and Brown University, Centers for Behavioral & Preventive Medicine, Providence, RI, 02903 USA
| | - Larry K Brown
- Miriam Hospital and Brown University, Centers for Behavioral & Preventive Medicine, Providence, RI, 02903 USA
| | - Daniel Romer
- Adolescent Communication Institute, Annenberg Public Policy Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - Ralph J DiClemente
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, College of Global Public Health, New York University, New York, NY 10003 USA
| | - Peter A Vanable
- Department of Psychology, Center for Health and Behavior, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA
| |
Collapse
|
53
|
Aretz B, Doblhammer G, Janssen F. Effects of changes in living environment on physical health: a prospective German cohort study of non-movers. Eur J Public Health 2019; 29:1147-1153. [PMID: 30887051 PMCID: PMC6896981 DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckz044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Longitudinal studies on associations between changes in living environment and health are few and focus on movers. Next to causal effects, differences in health can, however, result due to residential mobility. The present study explored changes in living environment related to (changes in) physical health among non-movers. Causality was reinforced by a novel study design. METHODS We obtained longitudinal data on both living environment and physical health covering 4601 non-movers aged 18+ with 16 076 health observations from the German Socio-Economic Panel between 1999 and 2014. Changing and stable perceived living environment from three domains (infrastructure, environmental pollution, housing conditions) were included at household level. We performed linear regressions with robust standard errors and generalized estimating equations to predict the physical component summary (PCS) at baseline and changes in PCS over time. RESULTS Stable moderate and worst as well as worsened environmental pollution and infrastructure were associated with worse PCS at baseline, as were stable poor and worsened housing conditions. Stable worst infrastructure was associated with negative changes in PCS for both sexes. Men's changes in PCS were more affected by worsened environmental pollution than women's. CONCLUSION A suboptimal living environment has short- and long-term negative effects on physical health. Because even short-term changes in the living environment have an immediate influence on an individual's health status and health trajectories, public attention to living environment is essential to fight existing health inequalities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Aretz
- Institute of Sociology and Demography, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
- Department of Demography, Faculty of Spatial Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Correspondence: Benjamin Aretz, Chair of Empirical Social Research and Demography, Institute of Sociology and Demography, University of Rostock, Ulmenstrasse 69, DE-18057 Rostock, Germany, Tel: +49 381 498 4060, Fax: +49 381 498 4395, e-mail:
| | - Gabriele Doblhammer
- Institute of Sociology and Demography, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
- German Centre for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Bonn, Germany
| | - Fanny Janssen
- Department of Demography, Faculty of Spatial Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Interdisciplinary Demographic Institute, The Hague, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
54
|
Millar RJ. Neighborhood Cohesion, Disorder, and Physical Function in Older Adults: An Examination of Racial/Ethnic Differences. J Aging Health 2019; 32:1133-1144. [PMID: 31789070 DOI: 10.1177/0898264319890944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Objectives: This study examined the link between neighborhood social cohesion, disorder, and physical function in older adults, and identified potential racial/ethnic differences in these associations. Method: Data come from the National Health and Aging Trends Study (NHATS; N = 5,619). A series of linear regression models were used to predict physical function. Subgroup analyses and neighborhood/race interactions were used to examine differences. Results: Neighborhood disorder was associated with poorer physical function (p < .05), while neighborhood cohesion was not (p = .06). Although tests of interactions were not significant, subgroup analyses showed that neighborhood disorder, and not social cohesion, was associated with poorer physical function only in Whites. Discussion: Disadvantaged neighborhood social environment may contribute to differences in physical function among older adults. Racial and ethnic differences warrant closer investigation in studies of neighborhoods and functional health.
Collapse
|
55
|
Evans IEM, Llewellyn DJ, Matthews FE, Woods RT, Brayne C, Clare L. Social isolation, cognitive reserve, and cognition in older people with depression and anxiety. Aging Ment Health 2019; 23:1691-1700. [PMID: 30518250 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2018.1506742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Objectives: Poor social connections may be associated with poor cognition in older people who are not experiencing mental health problems, and the trajectory of this association may be moderated by cognitive reserve. However, it is unclear whether this relationship is the same for older people with symptoms of depression and anxiety. This paper aims to explore social relationships and cognitive function in older people with depression and anxiety. Method: Baseline and two-year follow-up data were analysed from the Cognitive Function and Ageing Study-Wales (CFAS-Wales). We compared levels of social isolation, loneliness, social contact, cognitive function, and cognitive reserve at baseline amongst older people with and without depression or anxiety. Linear regression was used to assess the relationship between isolation and cognition at baseline and two-year follow-up in a subgroup of older people meeting pre-defined criteria for depression or anxiety. A moderation analysis tested for the moderating effect of cognitive reserve. Results: Older people with depression or anxiety perceived themselves as more isolated and lonely than those without depression or anxiety, despite having an equivalent level of social contact with friends and family. In people with depression or anxiety, social isolation was associated with poor cognitive function at baseline, but not with cognitive change at two-year follow-up. Cognitive reserve did not moderate this association. Conclusion: Social isolation was associated with poor cognitive function at baseline, but not two-year follow-up. This may be attributed to a reduction in mood-related symptoms at follow-up, linked to improved cognitive function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Isobel E M Evans
- Centre for Research in Ageing and Cognitive Health (REACH), School of Psychology, University of Exeter , Exeter , United Kingdom
| | - David J Llewellyn
- Mental Health Research Group, Institute of Health Research, University of Exeter Medical School , Exeter , United Kingdom
| | - Fiona E Matthews
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Health and Society, Newcastle University , Newcastle , United Kingdom.,MRC Biostatistics Unit, Institute of Public Health, University of Cambridge , Cambridge , United Kingdom
| | - Robert T Woods
- Dementia Services Development Centre Wales, School of Healthcare Sciences, Bangor University , Bangor , United Kingdom
| | - Carol Brayne
- Institute of Public Health, University of Cambridge , Cambridge , United Kingdom
| | - Linda Clare
- Centre for Research in Ageing and Cognitive Health (REACH), School of Psychology, University of Exeter , Exeter , United Kingdom.,PenCLAHRC, Institute of Health Research, University of Exeter Medical School , Exeter , United Kingdom.,Centre for Research Excellence in Promoting Cognitive Health, Australian National University , Canberra , Australia
| |
Collapse
|
56
|
Petteway RJ. Intergenerational photovoice perspectives of place and health in public housing: Participatory coding, theming, and mapping in/of the "structure struggle". Health Place 2019; 60:102229. [PMID: 31778845 DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2019.102229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Revised: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This paper details an intergenerational photovoice project exploring spatial and perceptual differences of "place" and health among adult and youth public housing residents in a small urban rustbelt city in the Midwestern United States. It specifically highlights the value of fully participatory photovoice processes-participatory narrative-coding and digital web-based photo-mapping-in furthering conceptual and analytical understanding of "place" and health. Results indicate the critical import of accounting for non-residential locations (i.e. activity spaces), and the significance of engaging the generationally- and spatially-specific social and physical landscapes of residents' lived "place" to improve health opportunities within place-based strategies involving public housing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryan J Petteway
- University of California, Berkeley School of Public Health, USA(2).
| |
Collapse
|
57
|
Troxel WM, DeSantis A, Richardson AS, Beckman R, Ghosh-Dastidar B, Nugroho A, Hale L, Buysse DJ, Buman MP, Dubowitz T. Neighborhood disadvantage is associated with actigraphy-assessed sleep continuity and short sleep duration. Sleep 2019; 41:5054549. [PMID: 30016507 DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsy140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Study Objectives Neighborhood disadvantage has been linked to poor sleep. However, the extant research has primarily focused on self-reported assessments of sleep and neighborhood characteristics. The current study examines the association between objective and perceived neighborhood characteristics and actigraphy-assessed sleep duration, efficiency, and wakefulness after sleep onset (WASO) in an urban sample of African American adults. Methods We examined data from predominantly African American adults (n = 788, mean age 55 years; 77% female) living in two low-income neighborhoods. Perceived neighborhood characteristics included safety, social cohesion, and satisfaction with one's neighborhood as a place to live. Objective neighborhood conditions included walkability, disorder, street lighting, and crime levels. Sleep duration, efficiency, and WASO were measured via 7 days of wrist-worn actigraphy. Analyses estimated each of the sleep outcomes as a function of perceived and objective neighborhood characteristics. Individual-level sociodemographics, body mass index, and psychological distress were included as covariates. Results Greater perceived safety was associated with higher sleep efficiency and shorter WASO. Greater neighborhood disorder and street lighting were associated with poorer sleep efficiency and longer WASO and greater likelihood of short sleep duration (<7 versus 7-9 hr as referent). Higher levels of crime were associated with poorer sleep efficiency and longer WASO, but these associations were only evident in one of the neighborhoods. Conclusions Both how residents perceive their neighborhood and their exposure to objectively measured neighborhood disorder, lighting, and crime have implications for sleep continuity. These findings suggest that neighborhood conditions may contribute to disparities in sleep health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Amy DeSantis
- RAND Corporation, Health Division, Pittsburgh, PA
| | | | | | | | | | - Lauren Hale
- Family, Population, and Preventive Medicine, Program in Public Health, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY
| | - Daniel J Buysse
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Matthew P Buman
- School of Nutrition and Health Promotion, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ
| | | |
Collapse
|
58
|
Baranyi G, Sieber S, Pearce J, Cheval B, Dibben C, Kliegel M, Cullati S. A longitudinal study of neighbourhood conditions and depression in ageing European adults: Do the associations vary by exposure to childhood stressors? Prev Med 2019; 126:105764. [PMID: 31269417 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2019.105764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Emerging literature emphasises the association between neighbourhood conditions and late life depression. Childhood experiences, crucial for life course development of mental health, may modify how neighbourhood affects subsequent depression. This study assessed the longitudinal associations of access to services and neighbourhood nuisance with depression among older adults, and tested whether these associations varied by exposure to childhood stressors. Data were drawn from the cross-national Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe, a prospective cohort study between 2004/2005 and 2015, representative for European adults over the age of 50. Individual perceptions of neighbourhood were measured at baseline; childhood stressors, defined as socioeconomic conditions, adverse experiences and health problems, were collected retrospectively. Multilevel logistic regression estimated the risk of depression (n = 10,328). Access to services were negatively (OR = 0.78, 95% CI 0.68-0.90) and neighbourhood nuisance positively (OR = 1.36, 95% CI 1.18-1.56) associated with the probability of depression during follow-up. We found interactions between neighbourhood and childhood socioeconomic conditions, but not with adverse experiences and health problems. While older adults who grew up in better childhood socioeconomic conditions benefited more from living in a residential area with good access to services, they were at higher risk of developing depression when residing in areas with more neighbourhood nuisances. Older adults' mental health can benefit from better access to public transportation and neighbourhood amenities, while physical and social problems in the local area increase the risk of depression. Importantly, socioeconomic circumstances in early life may influence vulnerability to neighbourhood effects in older age.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gergő Baranyi
- Centre for Research on Environment Society and Health, School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.
| | - Stefan Sieber
- Swiss NCCR "LIVES - Overcoming Vulnerability: Life Course Perspectives", University of Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Jamie Pearce
- Centre for Research on Environment Society and Health, School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Boris Cheval
- Swiss NCCR "LIVES - Overcoming Vulnerability: Life Course Perspectives", University of Geneva, Switzerland; Department of General Internal Medicine, Rehabilitation and Geriatrics, University of Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Chris Dibben
- Centre for Research on Environment Society and Health, School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Matthias Kliegel
- Swiss NCCR "LIVES - Overcoming Vulnerability: Life Course Perspectives", University of Geneva, Switzerland; Center for the Interdisciplinary Study of Gerontology and Vulnerability, University of Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Stéphane Cullati
- Swiss NCCR "LIVES - Overcoming Vulnerability: Life Course Perspectives", University of Geneva, Switzerland; Department of General Internal Medicine, Rehabilitation and Geriatrics, University of Geneva, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
59
|
Zhang L, Zhou S, Kwan MP. A comparative analysis of the impacts of objective versus subjective neighborhood environment on physical, mental, and social health. Health Place 2019; 59:102170. [PMID: 31422227 DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2019.102170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Revised: 07/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Research on the relationship between neighborhood context and health outcome has attracted notable attention. However, few studies examine and compare the associations between the objective and subjective neighborhood environment and different dimensions of health. To this end, high-resolution remote sensing images and points-of-interest (POIs) data collected in Guangzhou, China, are used together with questionnaire survey data to measure the objective and subjective characteristics of the neighborhood environment. The sample includes 1029 adults selected from 34 communities in Guangzhou, China. Hierarchical linear modeling is then employed to analyze the associations between the objective and subjective neighborhood environment and three dimensions of health (physical health, mental health, and social health), as well as compare the relative strengths of and moderating mechanisms between these associations. The results indicate that significant variations in health outcomes are observed among neighborhoods, which can be explained by both personal attributes and the neighborhood environment. Although objective and subjective measures of the neighborhood environment are both linked to the three dimensions of health, physical health and social health are influenced more by objective measures, while mental health is affected more by subjective measures. Further, subjective measures have positive moderating effects on the relationship between objective measures and mental health but do not have significant moderating effects on the relationships between objective measures and physical and social health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhang
- School of Geography and Planning, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Public Security and Disaster, Guangzhou, China
| | - Suhong Zhou
- School of Geography and Planning, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Public Security and Disaster, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Mei-Po Kwan
- Department of Geography and Resource Management, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Department of Human Geography and Spatial Planning, Utrecht University, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
60
|
Putrik P, van Amelsvoort L, Mujakovic S, Kunst AE, van Oers H, Kant IJ, Jansen MW, De Vries NK. Assessing the role of criminality in neighbourhood safety feelings and self-reported health: results from a cross-sectional study in a Dutch municipality. BMC Public Health 2019; 19:920. [PMID: 31288774 PMCID: PMC6617657 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-019-7197-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Neighbourhood safety has repeatedly been shown to be associated with the health and well-being of the residents. Criminality is often seen as one of the key factors affecting neighbourhood safety. However, the relationship between crime, fear of crime and feelings of safety remains underexplored. Methods Data on socio-demographic, health and safety perceptions was extracted from the Maastricht municipality survey (the Netherlands) (n = 9656 adults) and merged with data on official neighbourhood crime rates from the Police Registry. Pearson correlation coefficients and multilevel logistic regression models were computed to assess the association between aspects of objective and perceived criminality, individuals’ feelings of safety and health. Results The correlation between the police recorded crime and residents’ perceptions of the neighbourhood crime rates was weak (0.14–0.38), with the exception of violent crime (0.59), which indicates that other factors contribute to the perceptions of safety. In turn, the perception of higher rates of violent crime and more nuisance (on the scale 0–10) but not other types of crime or nuisance was positively associated with feeling unsafe (OR 1.27 [1.22;1.32] and 1.39 [1.33;1.46], respectively). Lower general feelings of safety at both the individual and neighbourhood level were consistently associated with worse self-rated health. Among different indicators of safety, the general feelings of safety had the most pronounced association with health, while subjective or objective measures of crime showed limited to no direct relationship with health. Conclusions Public health policies targeting safety as a social determinant of health should consider prioritizing areas of violent crime and nuisance to improve general feelings of safety. Further research is needed to understand which factors aside from criminality are driving residents’ feelings of safety.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Polina Putrik
- Department of Health Promotion, School for Public Health and Primary Care (CAPHRI), Maastricht University, Peter Debyeplein 1, 6229HA, Maastricht, The Netherlands. .,Academic Collaborative Centre for Public Health Limburg, Public Health Service Southern Limburg, Heerlen, The Netherlands.
| | - Ludovic van Amelsvoort
- Department of Epidemiology, School for Public Health and Primary Care (CAPHRI), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Suhreta Mujakovic
- Academic Collaborative Centre for Public Health Limburg, Public Health Service Southern Limburg, Heerlen, The Netherlands
| | - Anton E Kunst
- Public Health, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hans van Oers
- National Institute of Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands.,Tranzo Scientific Centre for Care and Welfare, Tilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands
| | - IJmert Kant
- Department of Epidemiology, School for Public Health and Primary Care (CAPHRI), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Maria W Jansen
- Academic Collaborative Centre for Public Health Limburg, Public Health Service Southern Limburg, Heerlen, The Netherlands.,Department of Health Services Research, School for Public Health and Primary Care (CAPHRI), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Nanne K De Vries
- Department of Health Promotion, School for Public Health and Primary Care (CAPHRI), Maastricht University, Peter Debyeplein 1, 6229HA, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
61
|
Palumbo AJ, Wiebe DJ, Kassam-Adams N, Richmond TS. Neighborhood Environment and Health of Injured Urban Black Men. J Racial Ethn Health Disparities 2019; 6:1068-1077. [PMID: 31250370 DOI: 10.1007/s40615-019-00609-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2019] [Revised: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Urban black males are at disproportionately high risk of poor health outcomes; thus, we need to measure neighborhood environments appropriately in order to understand aspects of neighborhoods that influence their mental and physical health. We explored associations between physical and mental health of injured, urban black men with objectively measured and perceived neighborhood characteristics. METHODS In 2017-2018, we analyzed data from 486 black, adult males in Philadelphia admitted to a trauma center with injury between January 2013 and February 2017. Area-level measures of social, economic, and built environments were obtained from multiple sources. At enrollment, participants answered questions about neighborhood environment and self-reported physical and mental health 30 days before injury. We conducted factor analysis to identify neighborhood characteristics, then estimated odds of poor physical or mental health, accounting for spatial correlation of participants. RESULTS Poor physical and mental health was reported by 12% and 22% of participants, respectively. In participants' neighborhoods, 29% of adults lived in poverty. Individually, 73% of men reported abandoned buildings, and 31% reported not feeling safe walking around their neighborhood. Physical health was associated with neighborhood poverty and disconnectedness. Mental health was associated with neighborhood economics and individual perceptions of social disorder and safety. Individual-level factors were not correlated with area-level factors. CONCLUSIONS We found both area-level and individual-level measures were associated with health, perhaps operating through different mechanisms, but individual experiences may not be easily extrapolated from area-level data. By identifying important components of neighborhood environments, we may better understand how neighborhoods contribute to health in vulnerable populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aimee J Palumbo
- Penn Injury Science Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- College of Public Health, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Douglas J Wiebe
- Penn Injury Science Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Nancy Kassam-Adams
- Center for Injury Research and Prevention, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Therese S Richmond
- Penn Injury Science Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Fagin Hall 330, 418 Curie Blvd, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
62
|
Mueller MAE, Flouri E, Kokosi T. The role of the physical environment in adolescent mental health. Health Place 2019; 58:102153. [PMID: 31220796 DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2019.102153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Revised: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The existing literature suggests an association between the physical environment and mental health but also complex relationships between the social and the physical environment as well as between objective and subjective measures of the environment. In this study, we attempted to explore the role of the residential neighbourhood's physical environment in adolescent mental health, taking this complexity into account. Using data on 3683 ten- to 15-year-olds from England and Wales who participated in Understanding Society, we investigated the role of neighbourhood greenspace and air pollution in adolescent mental health (measured with the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire) while controlling for measures of neighbourhood and family socio-economic disadvantage as well as subjective perceptions of social cohesion, crime, safety, and noise in the neighbourhood. In linear regression models, greenspace and air pollution could not predict mental health. However, fear of being a victim of crime was a consistent predictor of mental health and behaviour, indicating the essential role of young people's subjective experience of their neighbourhoods for their mental health and well-being.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marie A E Mueller
- Department of Psychology and Human Development, UCL Institute of Education, University College London, 25 Woburn Square, London, WC1H 0AA, UK.
| | - Eirini Flouri
- Department of Psychology and Human Development, UCL Institute of Education, University College London, 25 Woburn Square, London, WC1H 0AA, UK
| | - Theodora Kokosi
- Department of Psychology and Human Development, UCL Institute of Education, University College London, 25 Woburn Square, London, WC1H 0AA, UK
| |
Collapse
|
63
|
Carbone JT. Bonding social capital and collective action: Associations with residents' perceptions of their neighbourhoods. JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY & APPLIED SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/casp.2415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jason T. Carbone
- College for Public Health and Social Justice, School of Social WorkSaint Louis University Saint Louis Missouri
| |
Collapse
|
64
|
Perceived Neighborhood Environment and Its Association with Health Screening and Exercise Participation amongst Low-Income Public Rental Flat Residents in Singapore. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16081384. [PMID: 30999641 PMCID: PMC6517983 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16081384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Revised: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Background: In Singapore, an Asian city-state, more than 80% live in public housing. While the majority (90%) own their homes, a needy minority lives in rental flats. Public rental flats are built in the same location as owner-occupied blocks. We evaluated factors associated with perceptions of the neighborhood environment and its association with exercise and health screening participation. Methods: Logistic regression was used to identify associations between perceptions of the neighborhood environment (overall perceived neighborhood disadvantage, safety, and convenience) and sociodemographic factors, as well as exercise and screening participation, amongst residents aged ≥60 years in two Singaporean public housing precincts in 2016. Results: Our response rate was 62.1% (528/800). Staying in a rental flat independently was associated with increased neighborhood disadvantage (adjusted odds ratio, aOR = 1.58, 95%CI = 1.06⁻2.35). Staying in a stand-alone block (as opposed to staying in a mixed block comprised of both rental and owner-occupied units) was associated with perceptions of a poorer physical environment (aOR = 1.81, 95%CI = 1.22⁻2.68) and lower perceived proximity to recreational areas (aOR = 1.14, 95%CI = 1.04⁻1.25). Perceptions of neighborhood disadvantage were independently associated with reduced exercise participation (aOR = 0.67, 95%CI = 0.45⁻0.98) and reduced participation in diabetes screening (aOR = 0.63, 95%CI = 0.41⁻0.95). Conclusion: Despite sharing the same built environment, differences in the perception of the neighborhood environment between low-socioeconomic status (SES) and high-SES communities persist. Perceived neighborhood disadvantage is associated with lower participation in regular exercise and diabetes screening.
Collapse
|
65
|
Petteway R, Mujahid M, Allen A. Understanding Embodiment in Place-Health Research: Approaches, Limitations, and Opportunities. J Urban Health 2019; 96:289-299. [PMID: 30613858 PMCID: PMC6458222 DOI: 10.1007/s11524-018-00336-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Research on how place affects health continues to grow. Within the place-health research field, there is increasing focus on how place becomes embodied-i.e., how place-based social and environmental experiences and exposures "get under our skin" to affect physiological functioning and health. While much has been learned, currently favored place-embodiment research approaches present limitations that inhibit continued gains in understanding. This article presents a brief summary of place-health literature related to place-embodiment, highlighting common approaches. Core limitations are then discussed with an eye towards improving research going forward, highlighting mixed-method, spatially dynamic, and participatory intergenerational approaches as promising considerations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Petteway
- Oregon Health & Science University-Portland State University School of Public Health, Portland, OR, USA.
| | - Mahasin Mujahid
- University of California, Berkeley School of Public Health, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Amani Allen
- University of California, Berkeley School of Public Health, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| |
Collapse
|
66
|
Feng C, Forthman KL, Kuplicki R, Yeh HW, Stewart JL, Paulus MP. Neighborhood affluence is not associated with positive and negative valence processing in adults with mood and anxiety disorders: A Bayesian inference approach. Neuroimage Clin 2019; 22:101738. [PMID: 30870735 PMCID: PMC6416773 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2019.101738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Revised: 02/09/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Survey-based studies show that neighborhood disadvantage is associated with community reported mental health problems. However, fewer studies have examined whether neighborhood characteristics have measurable impact on mental health status of individuals in general and whether neighborhood characteristics impact positive/negative valence processing at both behavioral and brain levels. This study addressed these questions by investigating effects of census-based neighborhood affluence on self-reported symptoms, brain functions, and structures associated with positive/negative valence processing in a sample of individuals with mood and anxiety disorders (n = 262). Employing a Bayesian inference approach, our investigation demonstrates that neighborhood affluence fails to be associated with positive/negative valence processing measured across multiple modalities, with the only effects of neighborhood affluence identified in trait anxiety scores. These findings highlight that while community-based relationships between neighborhood characteristics and mental health problems are strong, it is much less clear that these characteristics have a measurable impact on the individual.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chunliang Feng
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK, United States of America
| | - Katherine L Forthman
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK, United States of America; University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK, United States of America
| | - Rayus Kuplicki
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK, United States of America
| | - Hung-Wen Yeh
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK, United States of America
| | - Jennifer L Stewart
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK, United States of America
| | - Martin P Paulus
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK, United States of America.
| |
Collapse
|
67
|
Cifuentes P, Reichard J, Im W, Smith S, Colen C, Giurgescu C, Williams KP, Gillespie S, Juarez PD, Hood DB. Application of the Public Health Exposome Framework to Estimate Phenotypes of Resilience in a Model Ohio African-American Women's Cohort. J Urban Health 2019; 96:57-71. [PMID: 30758792 PMCID: PMC6430281 DOI: 10.1007/s11524-018-00338-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
We report integration of the United States Environmental Protection Agency's (USEPA) United States Environmental Justice Screen (EJSCREEN) database with our Public Health Exposome dataset to interrogate 9232 census blocks to model the complexity of relationships among environmental and socio-demographic variables toward estimating adverse pregnancy outcomes [low birth weight (LBW) and pre-term birth (PTB)] in all Ohio counties. Using a hill-climbing algorithm in R software, we derived a Bayesian network that mapped all controlled associations among all variables available by applying a mapping algorithm. The results revealed 17 environmental and socio-demographic variables that were represented by nodes containing 69 links accounting for a network with 32.85% density and average degree of 9.2 showing the most connected nodes in the center of the model. The model predicts that the socio-economic variables low income, minority, and under age five populations are correlated and associated with the environmental variables; particulate matter (PM2.5) level in air, proximity to risk management facilities, and proximity to direct discharges in water are linked to PTB and LBW in 88 Ohio counties. The methodology used to derive significant associations of chemical and non-chemical stressors linked to PTB and LBW from indices of geo-coded environmental neighborhood deprivation serves as a proxy for design of an African-American women's cohort to be recruited in Ohio counties from federally qualified community health centers within the 9232 census blocks. The results have implications for the development of severity scores for endo-phenotypes of resilience based on associations and linkages for different chemical and non-chemical stressors that have been shown to moderate cardio-metabolic disease within a population health context.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Cifuentes
- Department of Evidence and Intelligence for Action, Information Systems for Health Unit, Pan American Health Organization, Washington, DC, 20037, USA
| | - John Reichard
- Department of Environmental Health, Risk Science Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA
| | - Wansoo Im
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, 37208, USA
| | - Sakima Smith
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Cynthia Colen
- Department of Sociology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Carmen Giurgescu
- Martha S. Pitzer Center for Women, Children, & Youth, College of Nursing, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Karen Patricia Williams
- Martha S. Pitzer Center for Women, Children, & Youth, College of Nursing, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Shannon Gillespie
- Martha S. Pitzer Center for Women, Children, & Youth, College of Nursing, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Paul D Juarez
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, 37208, USA
| | - Darryl B Hood
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
68
|
Social relationships, neighbourhood poverty and cumulative biological risk: findings from a multi-racial US urban community. J Biosoc Sci 2019; 51:799-816. [PMID: 30803459 DOI: 10.1017/s002193201900004x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Prior research has established associations between neighbourhood poverty and cumulative biological risk (CBR). CBR is conceptualized as indicative of the effects of stress on biological functioning, and is linked with increased morbidity and mortality. Studies suggest that supportive social relationships may be health protective, and may erode under conditions of poverty. This study examines whether social relationships are inversely associated with CBR and whether associations between neighbourhood poverty and CBR are mediated through social relationships. Data were from a stratified probability sample community survey (n=919) of residents of Detroit, Michigan, USA (2002-2003) and from the 2000 US Census. The outcome variable, CBR, included anthropometric and clinical measures. Independent variables included four indicators of social relationships: social support, neighbourhood satisfaction, social cohesion and neighbourhood participation. Multilevel models were used to test both research questions, with neighbourhood poverty and social relationships included at the block group level, and social relationships also included at the individual level, to disentangle individual from neighbourhood effects. Findings suggest some associations between social relationships and CBR after accounting for neighbourhood poverty and individual characteristics. In models that accounted for all indicators of social relationships, individual-level social support was associated with greater CBR (β=0.12, p=0.04), while neighbourhood-level social support was marginally significantly protective of CBR (within-neighbourhood: β=-0.36, p=0.06; between-neighbourhood: β=-0.24, p=0.06). In contrast, individual-level neighbourhood satisfaction was protective of CBR (β=-0.10, p=0.02), with no within-neighbourhood (β=0.06, p=0.54) or between-neighbourhood association (β=-0.04, p=0.38). Results indicate no significant association between either social cohesion or neighbourhood participation and CBR. Associations between neighbourhood poverty and CBR were not mediated by social relationships. These findings suggest that neighbourhood-level social support and individual-level neighbourhood satisfaction may be health protective and that neighbourhood poverty, social support and neighbourhood satisfaction are associated with CBR through independent pathways.
Collapse
|
69
|
Petteway RJ, Mujahid M, Allen A, Morello-Frosch R. The body language of place: A new method for mapping intergenerational "geographies of embodiment" in place-health research. Soc Sci Med 2019; 223:51-63. [PMID: 30708171 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2019.01.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Revised: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Research on place and health has grown rapidly in recent years, including examining the physiological embodiment of place-based exposures. While this research continues to improve understanding of why place matters, there is particular need for work capable of revealing: 1) which places matter, i.e. spatially-specific notions of "place"); 2) how these places matter-processes and mechanisms of the physiological embodiment of place; and 3) potential intergenerational and life stage differences in place-embodiment experiences/perceptions. The research presented here seeks to make contributions in each of these areas through developing the "geographies of embodiment" concept. Drawing from a multi-method intergenerational community-based participatory research project examining place and health, the research presented here specifically highlights X-Ray Mapping as a new methodology to elucidate subjective notions of place-embodiment within place-health research. Participants were recruited as parent-child dyads and trained in four participatory research methods, including X-Ray Mapping. Participants used X-Ray Mapping and a multimedia-enabled web-based mapping platform to map their "geographies of embodiment". X-Ray Mapping results revealed that 49% of youth place-embodiment locations were spatially outside of their residential census tract-with 75% of positive place-embodiment locations outside, and 66% of negative place-embodiment locations inside. Overall, 67% of youth and adult positive place-embodiment locations were outside of their residential census tract. Through mapping "geographies of embodiment" via participatory methods like X-Ray Mapping, we can gain greater insight into what is embodied (i.e. specific experiences/exposures), and where (i.e. spatially-specific). These gains could improve development of quantitative place-health metrics and enhance efforts to uncover/intervene on the "pathways of embodiment"-specifically, those elements of local social, political, economic, and environmental contexts that constitute expressions of social inequality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryan J Petteway
- Portland State University, OHSU-PSU School of Public Health Department of Community Health, 506 SW Mill St, Suite 450, Portland, OR 97201 USA.
| | - Mahasin Mujahid
- University of California, Berkeley School of Public Health Division of Epidemiology, Haviland Hall, Berkeley CA 94720-7358, USA
| | - Amani Allen
- University of California, Berkeley School of Public Health Division of Epidemiology, Haviland Hall, Berkeley CA 94720-7358, USA; University of California, Berkeley School of Public Health Division of Community Health Sciences, University Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720-7360, USA
| | - Rachel Morello-Frosch
- University of California, Berkeley School of Public Health Division of Community Health Sciences, University Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720-7360, USA; University of California, College of Natural Resources Department of Environmental Science, Policy, & Management 130 Mulford, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| |
Collapse
|
70
|
Neighbourhood influence on the fourth dose of diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis vaccination. Public Health 2019; 167:41-49. [PMID: 30639802 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2018.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Revised: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Using 542,159 vaccination records from children born between April 1, 2007, and March 31, 2012, in the Michigan Care Improvement Registry and data from the American Community Survey, we determine if neighbourhood-level characteristics at the Census tract level and block level are associated with low uptake of the fourth dose of diphtheria-tetanus-acellular pertussis vaccine (DTaP4). STUDY DESIGN This study was a cross-sectional study. METHODS We used exploratory factor analysis to determine important socio-economic factors at the Census block level and tract level. We then used generalised estimating equations to test the relationship between block- and tract-level socio-economic factors and DTaP4 uptake. RESULTS DTaP4 coverage was 88.6% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 88.4%-88.7%) in Michigan. At the Census tract level, two factors surfaced as important for DTaP4 vaccination: 'affluence' (Cronbach's alpha = 0.88) and 'socio-economic disadvantage' (Cronbach's alpha = 0.89). At the Census block level, one factor was important: 'affluence' (Cronbach's alpha = 0.90). Affluence may relate to knowledge about medical exemptions and antivaccination sentiment, while socio-economic disadvantage may indicate limited access to healthcare resources. Children in high-affluence tracts had 1.08% lower vaccination coverage (95% CI: -1.62% to -0.55%) than children in low affluence tracts. Children in low socio-economic disadvantage tracts had 2.92% higher coverage than children in high socio-economic disadvantage tracts (95% CI: 2.58%-3.26%). CONCLUSIONS This study articulates the need to further understand the contribution of neighbourhood-level characteristics, from both affluent and socioeconomically disadvantaged areas to low vaccination rates. Developing a better understanding of these social environmental factors will help determine useful community-level interventions to improve vaccination rates and reduce disease burden.
Collapse
|
71
|
Godhwani S, Jivraj S, Marshall A, Bécares L. Comparing subjective and objective neighbourhood deprivation and their association with health over time among older adults in England. Health Place 2019; 55:51-58. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2018.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Revised: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
72
|
Ross A, Kwon JY, Kulinna PH, Searle M. Active Transportation: The Role of Parent Attitude, The Physical Environment, and Social Capital. J Phys Act Health 2018; 16:1-8. [PMID: 30518299 DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2017-0503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite recommendation and confirmed physical activity benefits, participation in active transportation to school (ATS) has continued to decline. This study's purpose was to create and test a model of ATS that is directly explained by the constructs of parent attitude, the physical environment, and social capital controlling for age and gender. METHODS Participants were parents (N = 248) of children at 6 elementary and 2 middle schools in 1 district in the Southwestern United States. The survey included previously validated behavior, environmental, attitude, and social items (eg, Safe Routes to School Parent Survey/U.S. General Social Survey). Structural equation modeling was used to test the fit of the model and whether parent attitude, the physical environment, and social capital were associated with active transportation. RESULTS An adjusted measurement model was a good fit for the data. The physical environment (β = 0.391; P < .01) as well as parent attitude (β = 0.535; P < .001) were positively associated with ATS. CONCLUSION This study supports a model of ATS, affirming that parent attitude, the physical environment, and social capital are effective constructs from which to conceptualize associations with walking and biking to school.
Collapse
|
73
|
Gonyea JG, Curley A, Melekis K, Lee Y. Perceptions of neighborhood safety and depressive symptoms among older minority urban subsidized housing residents: the mediating effect of sense of community belonging. Aging Ment Health 2018; 22:1564-1569. [PMID: 29125319 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2017.1383970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Older minority subsidized housing residents represent a population that is particularly vulnerable to depression. Although research suggests that neighborhood characteristics influence older adults' mental health, it has not been explored in this target population. Drawing on social disorganization and social capital theories, this study's aim was to explore if perceptions of neighborhood safety are associated with depressive symptoms; and, whether a sense of community belonging has a mediating effect on this potential relationship. METHODS The data are from interviews with 216 older adults (50% Black, 45% Latino/a) living in a U.S. urban subsidized housing development. RESULTS Among participants, 80% identified feeling 'very safe' during the day while 63% expressed feeling 'very safe' at night in their neighborhood. Approximately 60% possessed a stronger sense of community belonging and 26% had clinically relevant depressive symptoms. Hierarchical regression analyses revealed that perceptions of feeling less safe in one's neighborhood were significantly associated with elevated levels of depressive symptoms; however, a greater sense of community belonging buffered (or had a significant mediating effect on) this relationship. CONCLUSION The findings suggest the importance of continued exploration of the role of social capital in relation to feelings of safety in later life.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Judith G Gonyea
- a Social Research Department, School of Social Work , Boston University , Boston , MA , United States
| | - Alexandra Curley
- b The American City Coalition (TACC) , Roxbury , MA , United States
| | - Kelly Melekis
- c Social Work Department , Skidmore College , Saratoga Springs , NY , United States
| | - Yeonjung Lee
- a Social Research Department, School of Social Work , Boston University , Boston , MA , United States
| |
Collapse
|
74
|
Wong YLI, Huangfu Y, Hadley T. Place and community inclusion: Locational patterns of supportive housing for people with intellectual disability and people with psychiatric disorders. RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2018; 83:108-119. [PMID: 30193159 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2018.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Revised: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study examines the locational patterns of publicly-funded supportive housing for people with intellectual disability (people with ID) and people with psychiatric disorders (people with PD). METHODS Administrative data provided housing locations of 4599 people with ID and people with PD in one urban county and one suburban county in the United States. Census tract data captured neighborhood characteristics. Descriptive statistics and spatial analysis were used to analyze the distribution of supportive housing sites. RESULTS People with ID were more dispersed across a larger number of census tracts with smaller number of residents per tract than people with PD. While spatial dispersion in favor of people with ID was consistent across both counties, difference in dispersion was more pronounced in the urban county. People with PD were concentrated in neighborhoods with more socio-economic disadvantage, more residential instability, and a higher level of race/ethnic diversity than people with ID. CONCLUSION This study suggests that spatial-analytic method can serve as a useful tool for assessing the extent to which integrated housing is achieved for people with ID and people with PD. Interpretation of findings should be given due consideration of the policy context and neighborhood characteristics of the study communities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yin-Ling Irene Wong
- School of Social Policy & Practice, University of Pennsylvania 3701 Locust Walk, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6214, USA.
| | - Yiyue Huangfu
- Department of Sociology, University of Wisconsin-Madison 1180 Observatory Drive, Madison, WI 53706-1393, USA.
| | - Trevor Hadley
- Center for Mental Health Policy and Services Research, University of Pennsylvania 3535 Market Street, 3/F, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
75
|
Zhang L, Zhou S, Kwan MP, Chen F, Lin R. Impacts of Individual Daily Greenspace Exposure on Health Based on Individual Activity Space and Structural Equation Modeling. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:ijerph15102323. [PMID: 30360440 PMCID: PMC6210249 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15102323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2018] [Revised: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies on the effects of greenspace exposure on health are largely based on static contextual units, such as residential neighborhoods, and other administrative units. They tend to ignore the spatiotemporal dynamics of individual daily greenspace exposure and the mediating effects of specific activity type (such as physical activity). Therefore, this study examines individual daily greenspace exposure while taking into account people’s daily mobility and the mediating role of physical activity between greenspace exposure and health. Specifically, using survey data collected in Guangzhou, China, and high-resolution remote sensing images, individual activity space for a weekday is delineated and used to measure participants’ daily greenspace exposure. Structural equation modeling is then applied to analyze the direct effects of individual daily greenspace exposure on health and its indirect effects through the mediating variable of physical activity. The results show that daily greenspace exposure directly influences individual health and also indirectly affects participants’ health status through physical activity. With respect to the total effects, daily greenspace exposure helps improve participants’ mental health and contributes to promoting their social health. It also helps improve participants’ physical health, although to a lesser extent. In general, the higher the daily greenspace exposure, the higher the physical activity level and the better the overall health (including physical, mental, and social health).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhang
- School of Geography and Planning, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Public Security and Disaster, Guangzhou 510275, China.
| | - Suhong Zhou
- School of Geography and Planning, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Public Security and Disaster, Guangzhou 510275, China.
| | - Mei-Po Kwan
- Department of Geography and Geographic Information Science, Natural History Building, 1301 W Green Street, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
- Department of Human Geography and Spatial Planning, Utrecht University, 3584 CB Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Fei Chen
- School of Geography and Planning, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Public Security and Disaster, Guangzhou 510275, China.
| | - Rongping Lin
- School of Geography and Planning, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Public Security and Disaster, Guangzhou 510275, China.
| |
Collapse
|
76
|
Liu J, Luo Y, Haller W, Vander Mey B, Granberg E. Neighborhood environments and self-rated health in Mainland China, Japan and South Korea. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0204910. [PMID: 30261047 PMCID: PMC6160161 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0204910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Neighborhood environments are considered crucial determinants of self-rated health. Previous research has documented a positive association between the quality of neighborhood environments and health status. However, the relationship between neighborhood environments and health status in East Asian countries has received far less attention. This study examined the relationship between the three main types of neighborhood environments (built, natural, and social) and self-rated health in Mainland China, Japan, and South Korea. It also compared the neighborhood effects on self-rated health across the three countries. Our analytical sample included 3,675, 2,390, and 1,500 respondents in China, Japan, and South Korea respectively from the 2010 East Asian Social Survey. Ordinal Logistic Regression models were estimated for each country and the country differences were tested. This study found that neighborhood built, natural and social environments are positively associated with self-rated health in China, Japan and South Korea. These effects vary somewhat by country, and neighborhood social environment has the strongest association with self-rated health in Japan, followed by South Korea and then China. The similar relationship between perceived neighborhood environments and self-rated health across the three countries underscores the prevalent impact of perceived neighborhood environments on health. The greater association between social environment and self-rated health in Japan suggests the greater need of community based support system in an aging society not only for the older people, but also for the general population, especially those who are living in poor neighborhood social environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liu
- Department of Sociology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Ye Luo
- Department of Sociology, Anthropology and Criminal Justice, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - William Haller
- Department of Sociology, Anthropology and Criminal Justice, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, United States of America
| | - Brenda Vander Mey
- Department of Sociology, Anthropology and Criminal Justice, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, United States of America
| | - Ellen Granberg
- Office of the Provost, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, New York, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
77
|
Dreyer BC, Coulombe S, Whitney S, Riemer M, Labbé D. Beyond Exposure to Outdoor Nature: Exploration of the Benefits of a Green Building's Indoor Environment on Wellbeing. Front Psychol 2018; 9:1583. [PMID: 30214420 PMCID: PMC6125719 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Most research exploring the psychological benefits of the natural environment has focused on direct exposure to the outdoors. However, people spend most of their time indoors, particularly in office buildings. Poor employee mental health has become one the most prevalent and costly occupational health issues. The integration of high quality environmental features (e.g., access to sunlight) in green-certified office buildings offers a superior work environment. These nature-based experiences are anticipated to provide beneficial outcomes to wellbeing. This study is the first to empirically investigate these benefits. Participants in a green (LEED gold certified) office building (N = 213) in Canada completed an assessment of environmental features, measures of hedonic, eudaimonic and negative wellbeing (NWB) and assessments of psycho-environmental potential, environmental behaviors and social belonging. Linear regression analyses confirmed the benefits of indoor environmental features for all aspects of wellbeing. Multiple regression analyses were conducted to assess the effect of specific indoor environmental features on wellbeing. We explored physical features (e.g., air quality, light), and social features (e.g., privacy), as well as windows to the outside. Results suggest that physical features are important in promoting hedonic wellbeing, while social features prevent NWB. Both features equally predicted eudaimonic wellbeing (EWB). A view to the outside was positively correlated to wellbeing, although it did not uniquely predict it after accounting for other environmental features. Path analyses revealed the importance of person-environment fit, pro-environmental behavior and social belonging in mediating the association of indoor environmental features with hedonic and EWB. The results suggests that, by fostering person-environment fit, pro-environmental behaviors and feeling of community in a high quality setting, green buildings may lead to benefits on an array of wellbeing dimensions. The theoretical and practical implications of these findings are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bianca C. Dreyer
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Science, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Simon Coulombe
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Science, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Stephanie Whitney
- Faculty of Environment, Waterloo Institute for Sustainable Energy, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Manuel Riemer
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Science, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Delphine Labbé
- Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
78
|
Timmermans EJ, Veldhuizen EM, Snijder MB, Huisman M, Kunst AE. Neighbourhood safety and smoking in population subgroups: The HELIUS study. Prev Med 2018; 112:111-118. [PMID: 29654838 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2018.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Revised: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
This study examines the associations between neighbourhood safety and three types of smoking behaviour, and whether these associations differ by sex, age, ethnicity and individual-level socio-economic position. Baseline data (2011-2015) from the The HEalthy LIfe in an Urban Setting (HELIUS) study (Amsterdam, the Netherlands) were used. Smoking behaviour was based on self-report. Heavy smoking was defined as smoking ≥10 cigarettes per day. Nicotine dependence was assessed using the Fagerström questionnaire. Geographic Information System techniques were used to construct local residential areas and to examine neighbourhood safety for these areas using micro-scale environmental data. Multilevel logistic regression analyses with 6-digit zip code area as a second level were used to assess the association between neighbourhood safety and smoking. In our study sample of 22,728 participants (18-70 years), 24.0% were current smokers, 13.7% were heavy smokers and 8.1% were nicotine dependent individuals. Higher levels of neighbourhood safety were significantly associated with less heavy smoking (OR = 0.88, 95% CI = 0.78-0.99) and less nicotine dependence (OR = 0.81, 95% CI = 0.69-0.95), but not with less current smoking (OR = 1.01, 95% CI = 0.91-1.11). The associations between neighbourhood safety and the three types of smoking behaviour varied by ethnicity. For instance, higher levels of neighbourhood safety were associated with less current smoking in participants of African Surinamese origin (OR = 0.71, 95% CI = 0.57-0.89), but not in those of Dutch (OR = 1.13, 95% CI = 0.91-1.39), South-Asian Surinamese (OR = 1.22, 95% CI = 0.95-1.55), Turkish (OR = 1.08, 95% CI = 0.84-1.38), Moroccan (OR = 1.53, 95% CI = 1.12-2.10) or Ghanaian (OR = 1.18, 95% CI = 0.47-2.94) origin. Policies that improve neighbourhood safety potentially contribute to less heavy smoking and nicotine dependence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erik J Timmermans
- Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Department: Public Health, Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Eleonore M Veldhuizen
- Department of Geography, Planning & International Development Studies, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marieke B Snijder
- Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Department: Public Health, Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Department: Clinical Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Martijn Huisman
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam Public Health research institute, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Sociology, Faculty of Social Sciences, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anton E Kunst
- Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Department: Public Health, Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
79
|
Kang E, Leu CS, Snyder J, Robbins RN, Bucek A, Mellins CA. Caregiver perceptions of environment moderate relationship between neighborhood characteristics and language skills among youth living with perinatal HIV and uninfected youth exposed to HIV in New York City. AIDS Care 2018; 31:61-68. [PMID: 29950105 DOI: 10.1080/09540121.2018.1492698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Despite the increased recognition of how neighborhood conditions bear on cognitive and academic outcomes, no studies have examined the influences of objective and subjective neighborhood indices on specific areas of cognitive functioning among youth living with perinatal HIV (PHIV). In the United States (US), this is of particular concern as HIV has disproportionately affected African American youth living in economically disadvantaged and racially segregated communities. Thus, based on a longitudinal cohort study of psychosocial and behavioral health outcomes in 340 perinatally HIV-exposed but uninfected (PHEU) and PHIV youth residing in New York City, ages 9-16 years at enrollment, we analyzed data from baseline and multiple follow-up (FU) quantitative interviews with youth and their primary caregivers, from when they were at least 13-years-old (approximately 4-6 years post enrollment). We examined the association between baseline neighborhood indices (2000 US census data and caregiver's perception of neighborhood stressors) and youth receptive language skills (PPVT; Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test) at FU2 and FU3. Census data (percentage of families in neighborhood living below the national poverty rate, median neighborhood household income, and percentage of residents professionally employed) were not independently associated with PPVT scores at both follow-ups. However, in the logistic regression model, the more caregivers perceived their neighborhood as stressful and subjected to violence, the stronger the relationship between census data indicators of low resource neighborhoods and lower PPVT scores for both groups. Findings support "place-based" policies and practices that alleviate caregiver experiences of neighborhood stressors which may contribute to improved cognitive outcomes for youth living with and affected by PHIV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ezer Kang
- a Department of Psychology , Howard University , Washington , DC , USA
| | - Cheng-Shiun Leu
- b HIV Center for Clinical and Behavioral Studies , New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University , New York , NY , USA
| | - Jordan Snyder
- c Department of Psychology , Wheaton College , Wheaton , IL , USA
| | - Reuben N Robbins
- b HIV Center for Clinical and Behavioral Studies , New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University , New York , NY , USA
| | - Amelia Bucek
- b HIV Center for Clinical and Behavioral Studies , New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University , New York , NY , USA
| | - Claude A Mellins
- b HIV Center for Clinical and Behavioral Studies , New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University , New York , NY , USA
| |
Collapse
|
80
|
Subjective neighborhood assessment and physical inactivity: An examination of neighborhood-level variance. Prev Med 2018; 111:336-341. [PMID: 29197527 PMCID: PMC5930117 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2017.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Revised: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 11/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Research suggests a linkage between perceptions of neighborhood quality and the likelihood of engaging in leisure-time physical activity. Often in these studies, intra-neighborhood variance is viewed as something to be controlled for statistically. However, we hypothesized that intra-neighborhood variance in perceptions of neighborhood quality may be contextually relevant. We examined the relationship between intra-neighborhood variance of subjective neighborhood quality and neighborhood-level reported physical inactivity across 48 neighborhoods within a medium-sized city, Texas City, Texas using survey data from 2706 residents collected between 2004 and 2006. Neighborhoods where the aggregated perception of neighborhood quality was poor also had a larger proportion of residents reporting being physically inactive. However, higher degrees of disagreement among residents within neighborhoods about their neighborhood quality was significantly associated with a lower proportion of residents reporting being physically inactive (p=0.001). Our results suggest that intra-neighborhood variability may be contextually relevant in studies seeking to better understand the relationship between neighborhood quality and behaviors sensitive to neighborhood environments, like physical activity.
Collapse
|
81
|
Laméris J, Hipp JR, Tolsma J. Perceptions as the crucial link? The mediating role of neighborhood perceptions in the relationship between the neighborhood context and neighborhood cohesion. SOCIAL SCIENCE RESEARCH 2018; 72:53-68. [PMID: 29609745 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssresearch.2018.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2017] [Revised: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This study examines the effects of neighborhood racial in-group size, economic deprivation and the prevalence of crime on neighborhood cohesion among U.S. whites. We explore to what extent residents' perceptions of their neighborhood mediate these macro-micro relationships. We use a recent individual-level data set, the American Social Fabric Study (2012/2013), enriched with contextual-level data from the U.S. Census Bureau (2010) and employ multi-level structural equation models. We show that the racial in-group size is positively related to neighborhood cohesion and that neighborhood cohesion is lower in communities with a high crime rate. Individuals' perceptions of the racial in-group size partly mediate the relationship between the objective racial in-group size and neighborhood cohesion. Residents' perceptions of unsafety from crime also appear to be a mediating factor, not only for the objective crime rate but also for the objective racial in-group size. This is in line with our idea that racial stereotypes link racial minorities to crime whereby neighborhoods with a large non-white population are perceived to be more unsafe. Residents of the same neighborhood differ in how they perceive the degree of economic decay of the neighborhood and this causes them to evaluate neighborhood cohesion differently, however perceptions of neighborhood economic decay do not explain the link between the objective neighborhood context and neighborhood cohesion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joran Laméris
- Department of Sociology, Radboud University Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - John R Hipp
- Department of Criminology, Law and Society, The University of California, Irvine, United States.
| | - Jochem Tolsma
- Department of Sociology, Radboud University Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
82
|
Guo M, O'Connor Duffany K, Shebl FM, Santilli A, Keene DE. The Effects of Length of Residence and Exposure to Violence on Perceptions of Neighborhood Safety in an Urban Sample. J Urban Health 2018. [PMID: 29541963 PMCID: PMC5906388 DOI: 10.1007/s11524-018-0229-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Perceptions of neighborhood safety shape the well-being of individuals and communities, affecting neighborhood walkability, associated physical activity behaviors, and health conditions. However, less is known about the factors that determine perceptions of safety. One factor that may affect perceptions of neighborhood safety is the length of time someone has lived in their neighborhood. We use a representative, adult sample of urban low-income residents from the 2015 New Haven Health Survey (n = 1189) to investigate the associations between length of residence (new residents of < 1 year in neighborhood versus longer-term residents of 1 or more years in neighborhood) and perceptions of neighborhood safety (whether feeling unsafe to walk at night). We then examine the potential moderating effect of exposure to neighborhood violence on these associations. We find that the association between length of residence and perceived safety differs by exposure to neighborhood violence. Among those unexposed to neighborhood violence, longer-term neighborhood residents were more likely to feel unsafe compared to new residents (OR = 2.03, 95% CI 1.19, 3.45). Additionally, the effect of exposure to violence on feelings of safety was larger for new residents (OR = 9.10, 95% CI 2.72, 30.44) compared to longer-term residents (OR = 1.88, 95% CI 1.28, 2.77). Our findings suggest that length of residence may have implications for feelings of safety, and that experiences of violence may uniquely contribute to feelings of unsafety among new residents. These findings hold implications for interventions and policy efforts aimed at neighborhood safety improvements through community development, housing, or city urban planning initiatives, particularly for new neighborhood residents or those who experience neighborhood violence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Monica Guo
- Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA.
| | - Kathleen O'Connor Duffany
- Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA.,Community Alliance for Research and Engagement, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Fatma M Shebl
- Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA.,Community Alliance for Research and Engagement, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Alycia Santilli
- Community Alliance for Research and Engagement, New Haven, CT, USA.,Southern Connecticut State University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
83
|
Sheehan C, Powers D, Margerison-Zilko C, McDevitt T, Cubbin C. Historical neighborhood poverty trajectories and child sleep. Sleep Health 2018; 4:127-134. [PMID: 29555124 PMCID: PMC5863576 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleh.2017.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Revised: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine whether historical neighborhood poverty measures are associated with mothers' reports of their children's sleep duration and to compare results from historical neighborhood poverty measures to contemporaneous measures of neighborhood poverty. DESIGN The Geographic Research on Wellbeing (GROW) study is a follow-up survey of mothers who gave birth between 2003 and 2007. GROW mothers assessed their own and their children's health and health behaviors 5-10 years later (2012-2013). SETTING Urban Californian counties. PARTICIPANTS GROW respondents. MEASUREMENTS We categorized children's sleep as adequate or inadequate using clinical age-specific guidelines and based on mothers' reports of their child's sleep duration. We conducted a latent class analysis to identify historical poverty classes for all California census tracts using data from 1970 to 2005-2009, and we categorized current neighborhood poverty based on data from 2005 to 2009 only. We then assigned children to different neighborhood exposure classes based on their neighborhood of residence at birth and follow-up. RESULTS Logistic models indicated that net of controls for demographics, child behavior and health characteristics, mother characteristics, and household socioeconomic status, children who grew up in historically low (OR: 0.64, 95% confidence interval=0.45-0.92) or historically moderate poverty classes (OR: 0.68, 95% confidence interval=0.48-0.98) had lower odds of inadequate sleep duration compared with children who grew up in historically high poverty. We show that the historical specification of neighborhood poverty remained significant despite controls, whereas contemporaneous measures of neighborhood poverty did not. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate strong associations between historical neighborhood poverty and child sleep duration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Connor Sheehan
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California.
| | - Daniel Powers
- Department of Sociology and Population Research Center, University of Texas at Austin
| | | | - Teresa McDevitt
- School of Psychological Sciences, University of Northern Colorado
| | - Catherine Cubbin
- School of Social Work and Population Research Center, University of Texas at Austin
| |
Collapse
|
84
|
Locales of Trust: How Two Forms of Community Trust are Associated with Mothers’ Self-Rated Health in Indonesia. Matern Child Health J 2018; 22:1278-1285. [DOI: 10.1007/s10995-018-2507-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
85
|
Scott SB, Munoz E, Mogle JA, Gamaldo AA, Smyth JM, Almeida DM, Sliwinski MJ. Perceived neighborhood characteristics predict severity and emotional response to daily stressors. Soc Sci Med 2018; 200:262-270. [PMID: 29191514 PMCID: PMC5893366 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2017.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2017] [Revised: 10/23/2017] [Accepted: 11/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Neighborhood characteristics may influence health and well-being outcomes through stressors in daily life. OBJECTIVES This study tested whether a varied set of perceived characteristics of neighborhood (i.e., social cohesion, safety, aesthetic quality, violence) predicted stressor frequency and severity as well as negative emotional responses to stressors. We predicted greater reported cohesion and safety and less violence would be associated with less frequent stressor exposure and severity and less intense negative affect following stressors; we conducted subsequent tests of neighborhood aesthetic quality as a predictor. METHODS Participants (n = 233, age 25-65 years) were residents in a socio-economically, racially, and ethnically diverse zip code in Bronx, New York, most who participated in the Effects of Stress on Cognitive Aging, Physiology and Emotion study between 2012 and 2013. They provided demographic information and neighborhood ratings, then participated in the EMA protocol in which they completed brief smartphone surveys of current negative affect and stressor exposure, severity, and recency, five times daily for 14 days. RESULTS No coded neighborhood characteristic was related to the frequency of stressors. Individuals who reported greater neighborhood violence, however, rated their stressors as more severe. Individuals rating their neighborhood lower in safety or aesthetic quality, or higher in violence, had greater negative affect following stressors. CONCLUSION Even among people living within the same zip code, individual differences in perceptions of neighborhood predict how stressful they appraised stressors in daily life to be and how much negative affect they reported following stressors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Elizabeth Munoz
- Department of Psychology, University of California-Riverside, USA.
| | | | - Alyssa A Gamaldo
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Pennsylvania State University, USA.
| | - Joshua M Smyth
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, Pennsylvania State University, USA.
| | - David M Almeida
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Pennsylvania State University, USA.
| | - Martin J Sliwinski
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Pennsylvania State University, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
86
|
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We aimed to examine the associations of both objectively assessed and perceived physical and social neighborhood characteristics with happiness in European adults. In addition, we aimed to study how these associations differed among subgroups. METHODS Participants (N = 6037) of the cross-sectional SPOTLIGHT survey reported on their level of happiness using a 5-point Likert scale, and on perceived physical and social environmental neighborhood characteristics. Objective physical environmental characteristics were assessed using a Google Street View-based neighborhood audit. Associations of 14 physical and social environmental characteristics with happiness were analyzed using multivariable multinomial regression analyses with clustered standard errors. RESULTS Living in neighborhoods with higher levels of aesthetics and more water and green space was associated with being very happy. Individuals who perceived their neighborhood to be safer, more functional and more aesthetic were more likely to be very happy. The associations of functionality and aesthetics with happiness were strongest in the Ghent region (Belgium), the Randstad (the Netherlands) and Greater London (United Kingdom). Perceived absence of air pollution was only associated with higher levels of happiness in more highly educated participants. Individuals with a larger social network, more social cohesion and who trusted their neighbors were more likely to be very happy. The association between social networks and happiness was somewhat stronger in men than in women. In general, the associations between environmental characteristics and happiness had similar directions and sizes across socio-economic and socio-demographic subgroups. CONCLUSIONS This European study provided evidence that both objectively assessed and perceived physical and social characteristics of the neighborhood environment are associated with the happiness of its residents.
Collapse
|
87
|
Cain CL, Wallace SP, Ponce NA. Helpfulness, Trust, and Safety of Neighborhoods: Social Capital, Household Income, and Self-Reported Health of Older Adults. THE GERONTOLOGIST 2018; 58:4-14. [PMID: 29029195 DOI: 10.1093/geront/gnx145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives Growing literature documents that where you live has an impact on your health, due in part to social capital. Building on social capital literature, we assess how subjective appraisals of neighborhood quality are associated with self-reported health (SRH) for older adults. Research Design and Methods Cross-sectional analysis of the 2014 California Health Interview Survey, a representative survey of diverse, noninstitutionalized California residents. We use three measures of neighborhood quality: trustworthy neighbors, helpful neighbors, and feeling safe. Using weighted ordinary least squares regression, we assess the associations of trust, helpfulness, and safety to SRH, controlling for neighborhood, demographic, and health care variables. We then examine how these associations vary by household income. Results We find that characterizing neighbors as helpful and feeling safe are associated with better SRH, even controlling for community, demographic, and health care variables. However, the importance of these dimensions varies across household income: helpfulness is positively associated, whereas trust is negatively associated with SRH for lower income residents; safety is positively associated with SRH in all but the lowest income residents. These findings show that social capital dimensions work differently from one another, and differentially affect the health of older adults. Discussion and Implications Scholarly analyses of neighborhood effects should include a range of social capital measures and stratify by household income. Our findings may also inform priority setting for social capital programs, especially for older adults with limited economic resources. Policies and programs should consider actions that raise perceptions of helpfulness and safety.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cindy L Cain
- Department of Health Policy and Management at University of California, Los Angeles
| | - Steven P Wallace
- Department of Community Health Sciences at University of California, Los Angeles.,University of California, Los Angeles Center for Health Policy Research
| | - Ninez A Ponce
- Department of Health Policy and Management at University of California, Los Angeles.,University of California, Los Angeles Center for Health Policy Research
| |
Collapse
|
88
|
Lee H, Waite LJ. Cognition in Context: The Role of Objective and Subjective Measures of Neighborhood and Household in Cognitive Functioning in Later Life. THE GERONTOLOGIST 2018; 58:159-169. [PMID: 28666359 PMCID: PMC5881741 DOI: 10.1093/geront/gnx050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2017] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Although the role of place on health is not new, less is known about how place matters for cognition. By investigating both neighborhood and home as the sociospatial realms of older adults, we explore associations between health and place across multiple contexts. We also distinguish objective and subjective measures of place and disentangle their differential associations with cognition. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We analyzed place effects on cognition from the National Social Life, Health, and Aging Project (N = 2,260) linked to neighborhood characteristics and crime data. We measured place in four ways: (a) objective indicators of neighborhood such as police-reported crime rates and interviewer-reported on presence of disordered conditions on the streets; (b) perceptions of neighborhood by respondents (perceived danger and social cohesion); (c) objective conditions of home (interviewer's report on presence of clutters, odor, and messiness); (4) perceived social support, strain, and threat by household members. The MoCA-SA was used to assess cognitive functioning. RESULTS Subjective interpretations appeared to have more direct effects on cognition than did objective indicators of neighborhood or home. When examining these living environments together, we found the association between neighborhood and cognition is partially explained by characteristics of home environment, especially perceived social support. We found a buffering effect of social support on cognition for women, not for men. DISCUSSION AND IMPLICATIONS Late life living environments are important contexts for aging. Aging-in-Place interventions should address subjective interpretations of place to reduce future risks of cognitive decline.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haena Lee
- Department of Sociology, University of Chicago, Illinois
- Address correspondence to Haena Lee, MA, Department of Sociology, University of Chicago, 1126 E. 59 Street, Chicago, IL 60637. E-mail:
| | - Linda J Waite
- Department of Sociology, University of Chicago, Illinois
- Center on Aging, NORC at the University of Chicago, Illinois
| |
Collapse
|
89
|
Cohen-Cline H, Beresford SAA, Barrington WE, Matsueda RL, Wakefield J, Duncan GE. Associations between neighbourhood characteristics and depression: a twin study. J Epidemiol Community Health 2017; 72:202-207. [PMID: 29273630 DOI: 10.1136/jech-2017-209453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Revised: 11/10/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression is an important contributor to the global burden of disease. Besides several known individual-level factors that contribute to depression, there is a growing recognition that neighbourhood environment can also profoundly affect mental health. This study assessed associations between three neighbourhood constructs-socioeconomic deprivation, residential instability and income inequality-and depression among adult twin pairs. The twin design is used to examine the association between neighbourhood constructs and depression, controlling for selection factors (ie, genetic and shared environmental factors) that have confounded purported associations. METHODS We used multilevel random-intercept Poisson regression among 3738 same-sex twin pairs from a community-based twin registry to examine the association between neighbourhood constructs and depression. The within-pair association controls for confounding by genetic and environmental factors shared between twins within a pair, and is the main parameter of interest. Models were adjusted for individual-level income, education and marital status, and further by neighbourhood-level population density. RESULTS When twins were analysed as individuals (phenotypic model), all neighbourhood constructs were significantly associated with depression. However, only neighbourhood socioeconomic deprivation showed a significant within-pair association with depression. A 10-unit within-pair difference in neighbourhood socioeconomic deprivation was associated with 6% greater depressive symptoms (1.06, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.11); the association did not substantially change in adjusted models. CONCLUSION This study provides new evidence linking neighbourhood socioeconomic deprivation with greater depression. Future studies should employ longitudinal designs to better test social causation versus social selection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Cohen-Cline
- Center for Outcomes Research and Education, Providence Health and Services, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | | | | | - Ross L Matsueda
- Department of Sociology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Jon Wakefield
- Departments of Biostatistics and Statistics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Glen E Duncan
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, Washington State University-Spokane, Spokane, Washington, USA
| |
Collapse
|
90
|
Richardson AS, Troxel WM, Ghosh-Dastidar M, Hunter GP, Beckman R, Colabianchi N, Collins RL, Dubowitz T. Pathways through which higher neighborhood crime is longitudinally associated with greater body mass index. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2017; 14:155. [PMID: 29121957 PMCID: PMC5679366 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-017-0611-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although crime and perceived safety are associated with obesity and body mass index (BMI), the pathways are less clear. Two likely pathways by which crime and perceived safety may impact obesity are through distress and physical activity. METHODS We examined data from 2013 to 2014 for 644 predominantly African-American adults (mean age 57 years; 77% female) living in low-income Pittsburgh, PA neighborhoods, including self-reported perceptions of safety and emotional distress, interviewer-measured height/weight, and physical activity measured via accelerometry. We used secondary data on neighborhood crime from 2011 to 2013. We built a structural equation model to examine the longitudinal direct and indirect pathways from crime to BMI through perceived safety, distress and physical activity. RESULTS Long-term exposure to crime was positively associated with lack of perceived safety (β = 0.11, p = 0.005) and lack of perceived safety was positively associated with BMI (β = 0.08, p = 0.03). The beneficial association between physical activity and BMI (β = -0.15, p < 0.001) was attenuated by a negative association between crime and physical activity (β = -0.09, p = 0.01). Although crime was associated with distress we found no evidence of a path from crime to BMI via distress. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest decrements in perceived safety and physical activity are important processes that might explain why neighborhood crime is associated with greater BMI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Wendy M. Troxel
- RAND Corporation, Health Division, 4570 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA
| | | | - Gerald P. Hunter
- RAND Corporation, Health Division, 4570 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA
| | - Robin Beckman
- RAND Corporation, Health Division, 4570 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA
| | | | - Rebecca L. Collins
- RAND Corporation, Health Division, 4570 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA
| | - Tamara Dubowitz
- RAND Corporation, Health Division, 4570 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA
| |
Collapse
|
91
|
Rugel EJ, Henderson SB, Carpiano RM, Brauer M. Beyond the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI): Developing a Natural Space Index for population-level health research. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2017; 159:474-483. [PMID: 28863302 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2017.08.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Revised: 08/04/2017] [Accepted: 08/16/2017] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Natural spaces can provide psychological benefits to individuals, but population-level epidemiologic studies have produced conflicting results. Refining current exposure-assessment methods is necessary to advance our understanding of population health and to guide the design of health-promoting urban forms. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to develop a comprehensive Natural Space Index that robustly models potential exposure based on the presence, form, accessibility, and quality of multiple forms of greenspace (e.g., parks and street trees) and bluespace (e.g., oceans and lakes). MATERIAL AND METHODS The index was developed for greater Vancouver, Canada. Greenness presence was derived from remote sensing (NDVI/EVI); forms were extracted from municipal and private databases; and accessibility was based on restrictions such as private ownership. Quality appraisals were conducted for 200 randomly sampled parks using the Public Open Space Desktop Appraisal Tool (POSDAT). Integrating these measures in GIS, exposure was assessed for 60,242 postal codes using 100- to 1,600-m buffers based on hypothesized pathways to mental health. A single index was then derived using principal component analysis (PCA). RESULTS Comparing NDVI with alternate approaches for assessing natural space resulted in widely divergent results, with quintile rankings shifting for 22-88% of postal codes, depending on the measure. Overall park quality was fairly low (mean of 15 on a scale of 0-45), with no significant difference seen by neighborhood-level household income. The final PCA identified three main sets of variables, with the first two components explaining 68% of the total variance. The first component was dominated by the percentages of public and private greenspace and bluespace and public greenspace within 250m, while the second component was driven by lack of access to bluespace within 1 km. CONCLUSIONS Many current approaches to modeling natural space may misclassify exposures and have limited specificity. The Natural Space Index represents a novel approach at a regional scale with application to urban planning and policy-making.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emily J Rugel
- School of Population & Public Health, 2206 E Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z9, Canada.
| | - Sarah B Henderson
- School of Population & Public Health, 2206 E Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z9, Canada; British Columbia Centre for Disease Control, 655 W 12th Avenue, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4R4, Canada
| | - Richard M Carpiano
- School of Population & Public Health, 2206 E Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z9, Canada; Department of Sociology, University of British Columbia, 6303 NW Marine Drive, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Michael Brauer
- School of Population & Public Health, 2206 E Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z9, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
92
|
Perceived neighborhood quality, family processes, and trajectories of child and adolescent externalizing behaviors in the United States. Soc Sci Med 2017; 192:152-161. [DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2017.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Revised: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 07/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
93
|
Coulombe S, Meunier S, Cloutier L, Auger N, Roy B, Tremblay G, de Montigny F, Gaboury I, Bernard FO, Lavoie B, Dion H, Houle J. Health-Promoting Home and Workplace Neighborhoods: Associations With Multiple Facets of Men's Health. Am J Mens Health 2017; 11:1680-1691. [PMID: 29073845 DOI: 10.1177/1557988315625774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the importance of healthy settings for health promotion, little is known about how neighborhood characteristics affect men's health. The present study aims to explore the associations between perceptions of home and workplace neighborhoods with diverse health outcomes, and to examine mediating mechanisms. A sample of 669 men members of labor unions in Quebec, Canada, completed a questionnaire assessing social and physical aspects of their work and home neighborhoods (the Health-Promoting Neighborhood Questionnaire) as well as subjective and objective health outcomes (perceived health, positive mental health, body mass index) and potential mediators (health behaviors, self-efficacy). Structural equation modeling (path analysis) revealed that the Health-Promoting Neighborhood Questionnaire was associated with all three health outcomes, either directly or indirectly through health behaviors and self-efficacy. Both home and workplace neighborhoods were associated with men's health, home neighborhood being more strongly associated. The findings suggest that physical and social aspects of neighborhood might contribute to men's health. The study highlights positive environmental levers for urban planners, policy makers, and health professionals to promote men's health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simon Coulombe
- 1 Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Sophie Meunier
- 1 Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Lyne Cloutier
- 2 Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Quebec, Canada
| | - Nathalie Auger
- 3 Institut national de santé publique du Québec, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Bernard Roy
- 4 Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Harold Dion
- 8 Clinique médicale l'Actuel, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Janie Houle
- 1 Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
94
|
Characterizing Objective Quality of Life and Normative Outcomes in Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder: An Exploratory Latent Class Analysis. J Autism Dev Disord 2017; 46:2707-2719. [PMID: 27207091 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-016-2816-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
This study aims to extend the definition of quality of life (QoL) for adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD, n = 180, ages 23-60) by: (1) characterizing the heterogeneity of normative outcomes (employment, independent living, social engagement) and objective QoL (physical health, neighborhood quality, family contact, mental health issues); and (2) identifying predictors of positive normative outcomes and good objective QoL. Findings of an exploratory latent class analysis identified three groups of adults with ASD-Greater Dependence, Good Physical and Mental Health, and Greater Independence. Findings indicate that better daily living skills, better executive function, and more maternal warmth are associated with assignment to better outcome groups. Findings have implications for interventions designed to enhance achievement of normative outcomes and objective QoL.
Collapse
|
95
|
Stahl ST, Beach SR, Musa D, Schulz R. Living alone and depression: the modifying role of the perceived neighborhood environment. Aging Ment Health 2017; 21:1065-1071. [PMID: 27267633 PMCID: PMC5161727 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2016.1191060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Older adults who live alone are more likely to report feelings of depression than those who live with a spouse or other family members. This study examines the effects of residential status and perceived neighborhood characteristics on depression in middle-aged and older adults. METHODS This study is based on a probability sample of 1049 adults aged 55-98 years (M = 69 years) residing in Allegheny County, Pittsburgh, PA, USA in 2014. Thirty percent of participants reported living alone. We tested a multivariate model using living alone (vs. living with a family member or others) and perceived neighborhood physical and social quality as predictors of depressive symptomatology while controlling for age, sex, race, education, and disability. RESULTS Living alone (compared to living with a family member) was associated with elevated levels of depressive symptomatology. However, perceptions of neighborhood social quality moderated this association. Living alone was more highly associated with depression when the perceived social quality of the neighborhood was low. Neighborhood social quality was not associated with depression among older adults who lived with a family member. Perceptions of neighborhood physical quality were not significantly associated with depression. CONCLUSIONS Perceptions of good neighborhood social quality is important for adults who live alone, in terms of fewer symptoms of depression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah T. Stahl
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Scott R. Beach
- University Center for Social and Urban Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Donald Musa
- University Center for Social and Urban Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Richard Schulz
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA,University Center for Social and Urban Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
96
|
Barnett DW, Barnett A, Nathan A, Van Cauwenberg J, Cerin E. Built environmental correlates of older adults' total physical activity and walking: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2017; 14:103. [PMID: 28784183 PMCID: PMC5547528 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-017-0558-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 359] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Identifying attributes of the built environment associated with health-enhancing levels of physical activity (PA) in older adults (≥65 years old) has the potential to inform interventions supporting healthy and active ageing. The aim of this study was to first systematically review and quantify findings on built environmental correlates of older adults' PA, and second, investigate differences by type of PA and environmental attribute measurement. METHODS One hundred articles from peer-reviewed and grey literature examining built environmental attributes related to total PA met inclusion criteria and relevant information was extracted. Findings were meta-analysed and weighted by article quality and sample size and then stratified by PA and environmental measurement method. Associations (p < .05) were found in relation to 26 individual built environmental attributes across six categories (walkability, residential density/urbanisation, street connectivity, access to/availability of destinations and services, infrastructure and streetscape, and safety) and total PA and walking specifically. Reported individual- and environmental-level moderators were also examined. RESULTS Positive environmental correlates of PA, ranked by strength of evidence, were: walkability (p < .001), safety from crime (p < .001), overall access to destinations and services (p < .001), recreational facilities (p < .001), parks/public open space (p = .002) and shops/commercial destinations (p = .006), greenery and aesthetically pleasing scenery (p = .004), walk-friendly infrastructure (p = .009), and access to public transport (p = .016). There were 26 individual differences in the number of significant associations when the type of PA and environmental measurement method was considered. No consistent moderating effects on the association between built environmental attributes and PA were found. CONCLUSIONS Safe, walkable, and aesthetically pleasing neighbourhoods, with access to overall and specific destinations and services positively influenced older adults' PA participation. However, when considering the environmental attributes that were sufficiently studied (i.e., in ≥5 separate findings), the strength of evidence of associations of specific categories of environment attributes with PA differed across PA and environmental measurement types. Future research should be mindful of these differences in findings and identify the underlying mechanisms. Higher quality research is also needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David W. Barnett
- Institute for Health and Ageing, Australian Catholic University, Level 6, 215 Spring Street, Melbourne, VIC 3000 Australia
| | - Anthony Barnett
- Institute for Health and Ageing, Australian Catholic University, Level 6, 215 Spring Street, Melbourne, VIC 3000 Australia
| | - Andrea Nathan
- Institute for Health and Ageing, Australian Catholic University, Level 6, 215 Spring Street, Melbourne, VIC 3000 Australia
| | - Jelle Van Cauwenberg
- Department of Public Health, Ghent University, De Pintelaan 185, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
- Research Foundation Flanders, Egmontstraat 5, 1000 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ester Cerin
- Institute for Health and Ageing, Australian Catholic University, Level 6, 215 Spring Street, Melbourne, VIC 3000 Australia
- School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, 7 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region China
- Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, 75 Commercial Road, Melbourne, VIC 3004 Australia
| | - on behalf of the Council on Environment and Physical Activity (CEPA) – Older Adults working group
- Institute for Health and Ageing, Australian Catholic University, Level 6, 215 Spring Street, Melbourne, VIC 3000 Australia
- Department of Public Health, Ghent University, De Pintelaan 185, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
- Research Foundation Flanders, Egmontstraat 5, 1000 Brussels, Belgium
- School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, 7 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region China
- Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, 75 Commercial Road, Melbourne, VIC 3004 Australia
| |
Collapse
|
97
|
Barnett DW, Barnett A, Nathan A, Van Cauwenberg J, Cerin E. Built environmental correlates of older adults' total physical activity and walking: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2017. [PMID: 28784183 DOI: 10.1186/sl2966-017-0558-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Identifying attributes of the built environment associated with health-enhancing levels of physical activity (PA) in older adults (≥65 years old) has the potential to inform interventions supporting healthy and active ageing. The aim of this study was to first systematically review and quantify findings on built environmental correlates of older adults' PA, and second, investigate differences by type of PA and environmental attribute measurement. METHODS One hundred articles from peer-reviewed and grey literature examining built environmental attributes related to total PA met inclusion criteria and relevant information was extracted. Findings were meta-analysed and weighted by article quality and sample size and then stratified by PA and environmental measurement method. Associations (p < .05) were found in relation to 26 individual built environmental attributes across six categories (walkability, residential density/urbanisation, street connectivity, access to/availability of destinations and services, infrastructure and streetscape, and safety) and total PA and walking specifically. Reported individual- and environmental-level moderators were also examined. RESULTS Positive environmental correlates of PA, ranked by strength of evidence, were: walkability (p < .001), safety from crime (p < .001), overall access to destinations and services (p < .001), recreational facilities (p < .001), parks/public open space (p = .002) and shops/commercial destinations (p = .006), greenery and aesthetically pleasing scenery (p = .004), walk-friendly infrastructure (p = .009), and access to public transport (p = .016). There were 26 individual differences in the number of significant associations when the type of PA and environmental measurement method was considered. No consistent moderating effects on the association between built environmental attributes and PA were found. CONCLUSIONS Safe, walkable, and aesthetically pleasing neighbourhoods, with access to overall and specific destinations and services positively influenced older adults' PA participation. However, when considering the environmental attributes that were sufficiently studied (i.e., in ≥5 separate findings), the strength of evidence of associations of specific categories of environment attributes with PA differed across PA and environmental measurement types. Future research should be mindful of these differences in findings and identify the underlying mechanisms. Higher quality research is also needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David W Barnett
- Institute for Health and Ageing, Australian Catholic University, Level 6, 215 Spring Street, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
| | - Anthony Barnett
- Institute for Health and Ageing, Australian Catholic University, Level 6, 215 Spring Street, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
| | - Andrea Nathan
- Institute for Health and Ageing, Australian Catholic University, Level 6, 215 Spring Street, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
| | - Jelle Van Cauwenberg
- Department of Public Health, Ghent University, De Pintelaan 185, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
- Research Foundation Flanders, Egmontstraat 5, 1000, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ester Cerin
- Institute for Health and Ageing, Australian Catholic University, Level 6, 215 Spring Street, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia.
- School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, 7 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region, China.
- Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, 75 Commercial Road, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
98
|
Cheung K, Taillieu T, Turner S, Fortier J, Sareen J, MacMillan HL, Boyle MH, Afifi TO. Relationship and community factors related to better mental health following child maltreatment among adolescents. CHILD ABUSE & NEGLECT 2017; 70:377-387. [PMID: 28750346 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2017.06.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Revised: 06/24/2017] [Accepted: 06/28/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Research on factors associated with good mental health following child maltreatment is often based on unrepresentative samples and focuses on individual-level factors. To address these gaps, the present study examined the association between relationship- and community-level factors and overall mental health status among adolescents with and without a history of maltreatment in a representative sample. Data were drawn from the National Comorbidity Survey of Adolescents (NCS-A; n=10,148; data collection 2001-2004); a large, cross-sectional, nationally representative sample of adolescents aged 13-17 years from the United States. Having supportive parent and family relationships were significantly associated with good mental health (AOR ranging from 2.1 to 7.1). Positive community and school experiences were also significantly associated with good mental health (AOR ranging from 2.0 to 9.8). In most models, support from friends and siblings was not related to better mental health. Factors to be tested for efficacy in interventions targeted to adolescents with a history of child maltreatment include encouraging supportive parent and family relationships, and fostering positive community and school experiences.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kristene Cheung
- Department of Psychology, P233 Duff Roblin Building, 190 Dysart Road, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3T 2N2, Canada.
| | - Tamara Taillieu
- Applied Health Sciences Program, University of Manitoba, S109-750 Bannatyne Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3E 0W5, Canada.
| | - Sarah Turner
- Departments of Community Health Sciences and Psychiatry, University of Manitoba, PZ-489 771 Bannatyne Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3E 3N4, Canada.
| | - Janique Fortier
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, S109-750 Bannatyne Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3E 0W5, Canada.
| | - Jitender Sareen
- Departments of Community Health Sciences, Psychology, and Psychiatry, University of Manitoba, PZ430 PsycHealth Centre, 771 Bannatyne Avenue, Winnipeg Manitoba, R3E 3N4, Canada.
| | - Harriet L MacMillan
- Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences and Pediatrics, Offord Centre for Child Studies, McMaster University, MIP Building, Suite 201A, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4K1, Canada.
| | - Michael H Boyle
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, Offord Centre for Child Studies, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, MIP Suite 201A, Hamilton, Ontario, L8N 3Z5, Canada.
| | - Tracie O Afifi
- Departments of Community Health Sciences and Psychiatry, University of Manitoba, S113-750 Bannatyne Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3E 0W5, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
99
|
Dziadkowiec O, Meissen GJ, Merkle EC. Perceptions of community, social capital, and how they affect self-reported health: a multilevel analysis. Public Health 2017; 152:9-16. [PMID: 28715658 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2017.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2016] [Revised: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 06/02/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The link between social capital and self-reported health has been widely explored. On the other hand, we know less about the relationship between social capital, community socioeconomic characteristics, and non-social capital-related individual differences, and about their impact on self-reported health in community settings. METHODS Cross-sectional study design with a proportional sample of 7965 individuals from 20 US communities were analyzed using multilevel linear regression models, where individuals were nested within communities. The response rates ranged from 13.5% to 25.4%. RESULTS Findings suggest that perceptions of the community and individual level socioeconomic characteristics were stronger predictors of self-reported health than were social capital or community socioeconomic characteristics. CONCLUSIONS Policy initiatives aimed at increasing social capital should first assess community member's perceptions of their communities to uncover potential assets to help increase social capital.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- O Dziadkowiec
- College of Nursing, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA.
| | - G J Meissen
- Department of Psychology, Wichita State University, Wichita, KS, USA
| | - E C Merkle
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| |
Collapse
|
100
|
Hwang J, Guilcher SJT, McIsaac KE, Matheson FI, Glazier R, O'Campo P. An examination of perceived health care availability and unmet health care need in the City of Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Canadian Journal of Public Health 2017; 108:e7-e13. [PMID: 28425893 DOI: 10.17269/cjph.108.5715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2016] [Revised: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Although timely access to health care is a top priority, a burgeoning body of research highlights the important role of neighbourhood environments on unmet health care needs. This study aimed to examine an association between perceptions of neighbourhood availability of health care services and experience of unmet health care needs by gender in an urban city setting. METHODS A total of 2338 participants from the Neighbourhood Effects on Health and Well-being (NEHW) study, between 25 and 64 years of age and dwelling in the City of Toronto, Ontario, Canada, were included in the analyses. Four different logistic regression models stratified by gender were used to examine the relationship between neighbourhood health care availability and unmet health care need as well as the impact of neighbourhood perception of health care availability on the three different types of unmet needs. RESULTS Perceived health care availability was associated with higher likelihood of experiencing unmet health care needs in both women and men (women = OR: 1.58, 95% CI: 1.09-2.28; men = OR: 1.92, 95% CI: 1.23-2.99). In addition, perceived health care availability was associated with barrier- and wait times-related unmet health care need among women (OR: 1.83, 95% CI: 1.13-2.97; OR: 1.93, 95% CI: 1.10-3.40 respectively), and personal choice- and wait times-related unmet need among men (OR: 1.99, 95% CI: 1.10-3.58). CONCLUSION Individuals' perception of health care availability plays a crucial role in the experience of unmet health care needs, suggesting the importance of community-based policy development for improving physical conditions and the social aspect of health care services.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jongnam Hwang
- Department of Health Promotion, Daegu University, Gyeongsan, Korea.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|