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Terlizzi V, Pesce E, Capurro V, Tomati V, Lena M, Pastorino C, Bocciardi R, Zara F, Centrone C, Taccetti G, Castellani C, Pedemonte N. Clinical Consequences and Functional Impact of the Rare S737F CFTR Variant and Its Responsiveness to CFTR Modulators. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076576. [PMID: 37047546 PMCID: PMC10095403 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
S737F is a Cystic Fibrosis (CF) transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) missense variant. The aim of our study was to describe the clinical features of a cohort of individuals carrying this variant. In parallel, by exploiting ex vivo functional and molecular analyses on nasal epithelia derived from a subset of S737F carriers, we evaluated its functional impact on CFTR protein as well as its responsiveness to CFTR modulators. We retrospectively collected clinical data of all individuals bearing at least one S737F CFTR variant and followed at the CF Centre of Tuscany region (Italy). Nasal brushing was performed in cooperating individuals. At study end clinical data were available for 10 subjects (mean age: 14 years; range 1–44 years; 3 adult individuals). Five asymptomatic subjects had CF, 2 were CRMS/CFSPID and 3 had an inconclusive diagnosis. Ex vivo analysis on nasal epithelia demonstrated different levels of CF activity. In particular, epithelia derived from asymptomatic CF subjects and from one of the subjects with inconclusive diagnosis showed reduced CFTR activity that could be rescued by treatment with CFTR modulators. On the contrary, in the epithelia derived from the other two individuals with an inconclusive diagnosis, the CFTR-mediated current was similar to that observed in epithelia derived from healthy donors. In vitro functional and biochemical analysis on S737F-CFTR expressed in immortalized bronchial cells highlighted a modest impairment of the channel activity, that was improved by treatment with ivacaftor alone or in combination with tezacaftor/elexacaftor. Our study provide evidence towards the evaluation of CFTR function on ex vivo nasal epithelial cell models as a new assay to help clinicians to classify individuals, in presence of discordance between clinical picture, sweat test and genetic profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vito Terlizzi
- Department of Paediatric Medicine, Meyer Children’s Hospital IRCCS, Cystic Fibrosis Regional Reference Center, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Emanuela Pesce
- UOC Genetica Medica, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genova, Italy
| | - Valeria Capurro
- UOC Genetica Medica, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genova, Italy
| | - Valeria Tomati
- UOC Genetica Medica, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genova, Italy
| | - Mariateresa Lena
- UOC Genetica Medica, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genova, Italy
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, 16126 Genova, Italy
| | - Cristina Pastorino
- UOC Genetica Medica, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genova, Italy
| | - Renata Bocciardi
- UOC Genetica Medica, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genova, Italy
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, 16126 Genova, Italy
| | - Federico Zara
- UOC Genetica Medica, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genova, Italy
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, 16126 Genova, Italy
| | - Claudia Centrone
- Diagnostic Genetics Unit, Careggi University Hospital, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Giovanni Taccetti
- Department of Paediatric Medicine, Meyer Children’s Hospital IRCCS, Cystic Fibrosis Regional Reference Center, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Carlo Castellani
- UOSD Centro Fibrosi Cistica, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genova, Italy
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Shah VS, Hou J, Vinarsky V, Xu J, Surve MV, Lin CP, Rajagopal J. Autofluorescence imaging permits label-free cell type assignment and reveals the dynamic formation of airway secretory cell associated antigen passages (SAPs). eLife 2023; 12:e84375. [PMID: 36994985 PMCID: PMC10154029 DOI: 10.7554/elife.84375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The specific functional properties of a tissue are distributed amongst its component cell types. The various cells act coherently, as an ensemble, in order to execute a physiologic response. Modern approaches for identifying and dissecting novel physiologic mechanisms would benefit from an ability to identify specific cell types in live tissues that could then be imaged in real time. Current techniques require the use of fluorescent genetic reporters that are not only cumbersome, but which only allow the study of three or four cell types at a time. We report a non-invasive imaging modality that capitalizes on the endogenous autofluorescence signatures of the metabolic cofactors NAD(P)H and FAD. By marrying morphological characteristics with autofluorescence signatures, all seven of the airway epithelial cell types can be distinguished simultaneously in mouse tracheal explants in real time. Furthermore, we find that this methodology for direct cell type-specific identification avoids pitfalls associated with the use of ostensibly cell type-specific markers that are, in fact, altered by clinically relevant physiologic stimuli. Finally, we utilize this methodology to interrogate real-time physiology and identify dynamic secretory cell associated antigen passages (SAPs) that form in response to cholinergic stimulus. The identical process has been well documented in the intestine where the dynamic formation of SAPs and goblet cell associated antigen passages (GAPs) enable luminal antigen sampling. Airway secretory cells with SAPs are frequently juxtaposed to antigen presenting cells, suggesting that airway SAPs, like their intestinal counterparts, not only sample antigen but convey their cargo for immune cell processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viral S Shah
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Massachusetts General HospitalBostonUnited States
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General HospitalBostonUnited States
| | - Jue Hou
- Advanced Microscopy Program, Center for Systems Biology and Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
| | - Vladimir Vinarsky
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General HospitalBostonUnited States
| | - Jiajie Xu
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General HospitalBostonUnited States
| | - Manalee V Surve
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General HospitalBostonUnited States
| | - Charles P Lin
- Advanced Microscopy Program, Center for Systems Biology and Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
| | - Jayaraj Rajagopal
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Massachusetts General HospitalBostonUnited States
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General HospitalBostonUnited States
- Harvard Stem Cell InstituteCambridgeUnited States
- Klarman Cell Observatory, Broad InstituteCambridgeUnited States
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53
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Huebner AJ, Gorelov RA, Deviatiiarov R, Demharter S, Kull T, Walsh RM, Taylor MS, Steiger S, Mullen JT, Kharchenko PV, Hochedlinger K. Dissection of gastric homeostasis in vivo facilitates permanent capture of isthmus-like stem cells in vitro. Nat Cell Biol 2023; 25:390-403. [PMID: 36717627 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-022-01079-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The glandular stomach is composed of two regenerative compartments termed corpus and antrum, and our understanding of the transcriptional networks that maintain these tissues is incomplete. Here we show that cell types with equivalent functional roles in the corpus and antrum share similar transcriptional states including the poorly characterized stem cells of the isthmus region. To further study the isthmus, we developed a monolayer two-dimensional (2D) culture system that is continually maintained by Wnt-responsive isthmus-like cells capable of differentiating into several gastric cell types. Importantly, 2D cultures can be converted into conventional three-dimensional organoids, modelling the plasticity of gastric epithelial cells in vivo. Finally, we utilized the 2D culture system to show that Sox2 is both necessary and sufficient to generate enterochromaffin cells. Together, our data provide important insights into gastric homeostasis, establish a tractable culture system to capture isthmus cells and uncover a role for Sox2 in enterochromaffin cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron J Huebner
- Massachusetts General Hospital Department of Molecular Biology, Boston, MA, USA
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Center for Regenerative Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Rebecca A Gorelov
- Massachusetts General Hospital Department of Molecular Biology, Boston, MA, USA
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Center for Regenerative Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Ruslan Deviatiiarov
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Feberal University, Kazan, Russia
| | - Samuel Demharter
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tobias Kull
- Massachusetts General Hospital Department of Molecular Biology, Boston, MA, USA
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Center for Regenerative Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Ryan M Walsh
- Massachusetts General Hospital Department of Molecular Biology, Boston, MA, USA
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Center for Regenerative Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Marty S Taylor
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Simon Steiger
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - John T Mullen
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Peter V Kharchenko
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- San Diego Institute, Altos Labs, San Diego, CA, USA.
| | - Konrad Hochedlinger
- Massachusetts General Hospital Department of Molecular Biology, Boston, MA, USA.
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Center for Regenerative Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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Chamorro-Herrero I, Zambrano A. Modeling of Respiratory Diseases Evolving with Fibrosis from Organoids Derived from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054413. [PMID: 36901843 PMCID: PMC10002124 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Respiratory disease is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. There is no cure for most diseases, which are treated symptomatically. Hence, new strategies are required to deepen the understanding of the disease and development of therapeutic strategies. The advent of stem cell and organoid technology has enabled the development of human pluripotent stem cell lines and adequate differentiation protocols for developing both airways and lung organoids in different formats. These novel human-pluripotent-stem-cell-derived organoids have enabled relatively accurate disease modeling. Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is a fatal and debilitating disease that exhibits prototypical fibrotic features that may be, to some extent, extrapolated to other conditions. Thus, respiratory diseases such as cystic fibrosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, or the one caused by SARS-CoV-2 may reflect some fibrotic aspects reminiscent of those present in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Modeling of fibrosis of the airways and the lung is a real challenge due to the large number of epithelial cells involved and interaction with other cell types of mesenchymal origin. This review will focus on the status of respiratory disease modeling from human-pluripotent-stem-cell-derived organoids, which are being used to model several representative respiratory diseases, such as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, cystic fibrosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and COVID-19.
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55
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Cang Z, Zhao Y, Almet AA, Stabell A, Ramos R, Plikus MV, Atwood SX, Nie Q. Screening cell-cell communication in spatial transcriptomics via collective optimal transport. Nat Methods 2023; 20:218-228. [PMID: 36690742 PMCID: PMC9911355 DOI: 10.1038/s41592-022-01728-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Spatial transcriptomic technologies and spatially annotated single-cell RNA sequencing datasets provide unprecedented opportunities to dissect cell-cell communication (CCC). However, incorporation of the spatial information and complex biochemical processes required in the reconstruction of CCC remains a major challenge. Here, we present COMMOT (COMMunication analysis by Optimal Transport) to infer CCC in spatial transcriptomics, which accounts for the competition between different ligand and receptor species as well as spatial distances between cells. A collective optimal transport method is developed to handle complex molecular interactions and spatial constraints. Furthermore, we introduce downstream analysis tools to infer spatial signaling directionality and genes regulated by signaling using machine learning models. We apply COMMOT to simulation data and eight spatial datasets acquired with five different technologies to show its effectiveness and robustness in identifying spatial CCC in data with varying spatial resolutions and gene coverages. Finally, COMMOT identifies new CCCs during skin morphogenesis in a case study of human epidermal development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixuan Cang
- Department of Mathematics and Center for Research in Scientific Computation, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Yanxiang Zhao
- Department of Mathematics, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Axel A Almet
- Department of Mathematics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
- The NSF-Simons Center for Multiscale Cell Fate Research, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Adam Stabell
- The NSF-Simons Center for Multiscale Cell Fate Research, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Raul Ramos
- The NSF-Simons Center for Multiscale Cell Fate Research, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Maksim V Plikus
- The NSF-Simons Center for Multiscale Cell Fate Research, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Scott X Atwood
- The NSF-Simons Center for Multiscale Cell Fate Research, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Qing Nie
- Department of Mathematics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA.
- The NSF-Simons Center for Multiscale Cell Fate Research, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA.
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA.
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56
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Yang W, Li Y, Shi F, Liu H. Human lung organoid: Models for respiratory biology and diseases. Dev Biol 2023; 494:26-34. [PMID: 36470449 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2022.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The human respiratory system, consisting of the airway and alveoli, is one of the most complex organs directly interfaced with the external environment. The diverse epithelial cells lining the surface are usually the first cell barrier that comes into contact with pathogens that could lead to deadly pulmonary disease. There is an urgent need to understand the mechanisms of self-renewal and protection of these epithelial cells against harmful pathogens, such as SARS-CoV-2. Traditional models, including cell lines and mouse models, have extremely limited native phenotypic features. Therefore, in recent years, to mimic the complexity of the lung, airway and alveoli organoid technology has been developed and widely applied. TGF-β/BMP/SMAD, FGF and Wnt/β-catenin signaling have been proven to play a key role in lung organoid expansion and differentiation. Thus, we summarize the current novel lung organoid culture strategies and discuss their application for understanding the lung biological features and pathophysiology of pulmonary diseases, especially COVID-19. Lung organoids provide an excellent in vitro model and research platform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhao Yang
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology and Immunology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Chronobiology Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; The Joint Laboratory for Lung Development and Related Diseases of West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University and School of Life Sciences of Fudan University, West China Institute of Women and Children's Health, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Sichuan Birth Defects Clinical Research Center, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yingna Li
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology and Immunology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Chronobiology Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; The Joint Laboratory for Lung Development and Related Diseases of West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University and School of Life Sciences of Fudan University, West China Institute of Women and Children's Health, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Sichuan Birth Defects Clinical Research Center, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Fang Shi
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology and Immunology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Chronobiology Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; The Joint Laboratory for Lung Development and Related Diseases of West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University and School of Life Sciences of Fudan University, West China Institute of Women and Children's Health, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Sichuan Birth Defects Clinical Research Center, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Hanmin Liu
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology and Immunology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Chronobiology Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; The Joint Laboratory for Lung Development and Related Diseases of West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University and School of Life Sciences of Fudan University, West China Institute of Women and Children's Health, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Sichuan Birth Defects Clinical Research Center, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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57
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Coatti GC, Paranjapye A, Harris A. Dual SMAD inhibition enhances the longevity of human epididymis epithelial cells. Cell Tissue Res 2023; 391:409-417. [PMID: 36454271 PMCID: PMC9713186 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-022-03712-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Primary human epididymis epithelial (HEE) cells are valuable reagents for functional studies on the human epididymis. We used them previously to determine the transcriptional networks that establish cell identity along the length of the epididymis from caput, corpus, and cauda. These studies on HEE cells and organoids derived from them revealed important cellular properties. However, similar to other primary cells, HEE cells undergo replicative senescence and de-differentiation in culture. A cocktail of small molecules was shown elsewhere to extend longevity of epithelial basal cells. The components included transforming growth factor β (TGF-β)/bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) antagonists, WNT agonist, and Rho-associated and coiled-coil containing protein kinase (ROCK) inhibitor (ROCKi), which together prevented the senescence-related upregulation of TGF-β signaling pathway members. Here, we treat HEE cells with the same cocktail and observed enhanced replicative potential and prolonged expression of markers of HEE differentiation. This treatment expands the differentiated HEE cell population available from individual epididymis tissue samples that can be used for molecular, cellular, and functional studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuliana C Coatti
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Alekh Paranjapye
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Ann Harris
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA.
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58
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Yu F, Liu F, Liang X, Duan L, Li Q, Pan G, Ma C, Liu M, Li M, Wang P, Zhao X. iPSC-Derived Airway Epithelial Cells: Progress, Promise, and Challenges. Stem Cells 2023; 41:1-10. [PMID: 36190736 DOI: 10.1093/stmcls/sxac074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) generated from somatic cell sources are pluripotent and capable of indefinite expansion in vitro. They provide an unlimited source of cells that can be differentiated into lung progenitor cells for potential clinical use in pulmonary regenerative medicine. This review gives a comprehensive overview of recent progress toward the use of iPSCs to generate proximal and distal airway epithelial cells and mix lung organoids. Furthermore, their potential applications and future challenges for the field are discussed, with a focus on the technological hurdles that must be cleared before stem cell therapeutics can be used for clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenggang Yu
- Life Sciences Institute, Yinfeng Biological Group, Ltd., Jinan, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Liu
- Life Sciences Institute, Yinfeng Biological Group, Ltd., Jinan, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohua Liang
- Life Sciences Institute, Yinfeng Biological Group, Ltd., Jinan, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Linwei Duan
- Life Sciences Institute, Yinfeng Biological Group, Ltd., Jinan, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiongqiong Li
- Life Sciences Institute, Yinfeng Biological Group, Ltd., Jinan, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Ge Pan
- Life Sciences Institute, Yinfeng Biological Group, Ltd., Jinan, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengyao Ma
- Life Sciences Institute, Yinfeng Biological Group, Ltd., Jinan, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Minmin Liu
- Life Sciences Institute, Yinfeng Biological Group, Ltd., Jinan, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingyue Li
- Yinfeng Biological Group, Ltd., Jinan, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Wang
- Guangxi Yinfeng Stem Cell Engineering Technology Co., Ltd., Yufeng, Liuzhou, Guangxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuening Zhao
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
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59
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Xu H, Pan G, Wang J. Repairing Mechanisms for Distal Airway Injuries and Related Targeted Therapeutics for Chronic Lung Diseases. Cell Transplant 2023; 32:9636897231196489. [PMID: 37698245 PMCID: PMC10498699 DOI: 10.1177/09636897231196489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic lung diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), involve progressive and irreversible destruction and pathogenic remodeling of airways and have become the leading health care burden worldwide. Pulmonary tissue has extensive capacities to launch injury-responsive repairing programs (IRRPs) to replace the damaged or dead cells upon acute lung injuries. However, the IRRPs are frequently compromised in chronic lung diseases. In this review, we aim to provide an overview of somatic stem cell subpopulations within distal airway epithelium and the underlying mechanisms mediating their self-renewal and trans-differentiation under both physiological and pathological circumstances. We also compared the differences between humans and mice on distal airway structure and stem cell composition. At last, we reviewed the current status and future directions for the development of targeted therapeutics on defective distal airway regeneration and repairment in chronic lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huahua Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangzhou Laboratory, Guangzhou International Bio Island, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guihong Pan
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research in Structural Birth Defect Disease, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research in Structural Birth Defect Disease, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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60
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Gautam LK, Harriott NC, Caceres AM, Ryan AL. Basic Science Perspective on Engineering and Modeling the Large Airways. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2023; 1413:73-106. [PMID: 37195527 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-26625-6_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The airway epithelium provides a physical and biochemical barrier playing a key role in protecting the lung from infiltration of pathogens and irritants and is, therefore, crucial in maintaining tissue homeostasis and regulating innate immunity. Due to continual inspiration and expiration of air during breathing, the epithelium is exposed to a plethora of environmental insults. When severe or persistent, these insults lead to inflammation and infection. The effectiveness of the epithelium as a barrier is reliant upon its capacity for mucociliary clearance, immune surveillance, and regeneration upon injury. These functions are accomplished by the cells that comprise the airway epithelium and the niche in which they reside. Engineering of new physiological and pathological models of the proximal airways requires the generation of complex structures comprising the surface airway epithelium, submucosal gland epithelium, extracellular matrix, and niche cells, including smooth muscle cells, fibroblasts, and immune cells. This chapter focuses on the structure-function relationships in the airways and the challenges of developing complex engineered models of the human airway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lalit K Gautam
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Noa C Harriott
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Adrian M Caceres
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Amy L Ryan
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.
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Crossen AJ, Ward RA, Reedy JL, Surve MV, Klein BS, Rajagopal J, Vyas JM. Human Airway Epithelium Responses to Invasive Fungal Infections: A Critical Partner in Innate Immunity. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 9:40. [PMID: 36675861 PMCID: PMC9862202 DOI: 10.3390/jof9010040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The lung epithelial lining serves as the primary barrier to inhaled environmental toxins, allergens, and invading pathogens. Pulmonary fungal infections are devastating and carry high mortality rates, particularly in those with compromised immune systems. While opportunistic fungi infect primarily immunocompromised individuals, endemic fungi cause disease in immune competent and compromised individuals. Unfortunately, in the case of inhaled fungal pathogens, the airway epithelial host response is vastly understudied. Furthering our lack of understanding, very few studies utilize primary human models displaying pseudostratified layers of various epithelial cell types at air-liquid interface. In this review, we focus on the diversity of the human airway epithelium and discuss the advantages and disadvantages of oncological cell lines, immortalized epithelial cells, and primary epithelial cell models. Additionally, the responses by human respiratory epithelial cells to invading fungal pathogens will be explored. Future investigations leveraging current human in vitro model systems will enable identification of the critical pathways that will inform the development of novel vaccines and therapeutics for pulmonary fungal infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arianne J. Crossen
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Rebecca A. Ward
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Jennifer L. Reedy
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Manalee V. Surve
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Bruce S. Klein
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Jayaraj Rajagopal
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Klarman Cell Observatory, Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Jatin M. Vyas
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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62
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Zhong Z, Chen S. Isolation and Expansion of Primary Conjunctival Stem Cells (CjSCs) from Human and Rabbit Tissues. Bio Protoc 2022; 12:e4569. [PMID: 36618088 PMCID: PMC9797362 DOI: 10.21769/bioprotoc.4569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Conjunctival disorders are multivariate degenerative ocular surface diseases that can jeopardize ocular function and impair visual capacity in severe cases. The recent development of stem cell technologies has shed a new light on the treatment of conjunctival disorders as the regenerative medicine using endogenous stem cells becomes a potential therapeutic strategy. However, the efficient in vitro expansion of the endogenous stem cells dominating the conjunctival regeneration, the conjunctival stem cells (CjSCs), remains challenging. Existing protocols largely adopted primary culture using feeder layers, which has limited efficiency and risk of contamination. Here, we report a protocol for the isolation and expansion of primary CjSCs derived from human or animal tissues. This protocol adopts collagenase-based enzymatic digestion to release the primary cells from conjunctival tissues and utilizes a feeder-free culture strategy based on a small molecule inhibitor cocktail that stimulates the expansion of CjSCs. The CjSCs generated with this method were rapidly dividing and highly homogeneous. They also expressed characteristic stem cell markers and exhibited differentiation potency. These findings marked an important step forward in building stable CjSCs in vitro expansion, which will help researchers better understand the biology of ocular surface stem cells and develop innovative regenerative medicine approaches for ocular surface diseases. This protocol was validated in: Biomaterials (2021), DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2020.120462 Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Zhong
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
,
*For correspondence:
;
| | - Shaochen Chen
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
,
Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
,
*For correspondence:
;
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63
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Wang B, Gan J, Liu Z, Hui Z, Wei J, Gu X, Mu Y, Zang G. An organoid library of salivary gland tumors reveals subtype-specific characteristics and biomarkers. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2022; 41:350. [PMID: 36527158 PMCID: PMC9758872 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-022-02561-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Salivary gland tumors (SGTs) include a large group of rare neoplasms in the head and neck region, and the heterogeneous and overlapping features among the subtypes frequently make diagnostic difficulties. There is an urgent need to understand the cellular mechanisms underlying the heterogeneity and overlap among the subtypes, and explore the subtype-specific diagnostic biomarkers. METHODS The tumor tissue and the adjacent normal tissue from the 6 most common types of SGTs were processed for organoid culture which only maintained tumor epithelial cells. Organoids were histologically evaluated based on phenotype markers, followed by transcriptional profiling using RNA-sequencing. The transcriptomic similarities and differences among the subtypes were analyzed by subtype consensus clustering and hierarchical clustering. Furthermore, by comparative transcriptional analysis for these 6 types of SGTs and the matched organoids, the potential diagnostic biomarkers from tumor epithelium were identified, in which two selected biomarkers were evaluated by qPCR and confirmed by immunohistochemistry staining using a tissue microarray. RESULTS We generated a biobank of patient-derived organoids (PDOs) with 6 subtypes of SGTs, including 21 benign and 24 malignant SGTs. The PDOs recapitulated the morphological and transcriptional characteristics of the parental tumors. The overlap in the cell types and the heterogenous growth patterns were observed in the different subtypes of organoids. Comparing the bulk tissues, the cluster analysis of the PDOs remarkably revealed the epithelial characteristics, and visualized the intrinsic relationship among these subtypes. Finally, the exclusive biomarkers for the 6 most common types of SGTs were uncovered by comparative analysis, and PTP4A1 was demonstrated as a useful diagnostic biomarker for mucoepidermoid carcinoma. CONCLUSIONS We established the first organoid biobank with multiple subtypes of SGTs. PDOs of SGTs recapitulate the morphological and transcriptional characteristics of the original tumors, which uncovers subtype-specific biomarkers and reveals the molecular distance among the subtype of SGTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Wang
- grid.412449.e0000 0000 9678 1884Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Nanjingbeijie 117, Shenyang City, 110051 People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiaxing Gan
- grid.412449.e0000 0000 9678 1884Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Nanjingbeijie 117, Shenyang City, 110051 People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhengyan Liu
- grid.412449.e0000 0000 9678 1884Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Nanjingbeijie 117, Shenyang City, 110051 People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhixuan Hui
- grid.412449.e0000 0000 9678 1884Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Nanjingbeijie 117, Shenyang City, 110051 People’s Republic of China
| | - Jinhui Wei
- grid.412449.e0000 0000 9678 1884Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Nanjingbeijie 117, Shenyang City, 110051 People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaolian Gu
- grid.12650.300000 0001 1034 3451Department of Medical Bioscience, Building 6M, Umeå University, 90185 Umeå, SE Sweden
| | - Yabing Mu
- grid.412449.e0000 0000 9678 1884Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Nanjingbeijie 117, Shenyang City, 110051 People’s Republic of China ,grid.12650.300000 0001 1034 3451Department of Medical Bioscience, Building 6M, Umeå University, 90185 Umeå, SE Sweden
| | - Guangxiang Zang
- grid.412449.e0000 0000 9678 1884Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Nanjingbeijie 117, Shenyang City, 110051 People’s Republic of China
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Weiner AI, Zhao G, Zayas HM, Holcomb NP, Adams-Tzivelekidis S, Wong J, Gentile ME, Reddy D, Wei J, Palashikar G, Quansah KK, Vaughan AE. ΔNp63 drives dysplastic alveolar remodeling and restricts epithelial plasticity upon severe lung injury. Cell Rep 2022; 41:111805. [PMID: 36516758 PMCID: PMC9808897 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The lung exhibits a robust, multifaceted regenerative response to severe injuries such as influenza infection, during which quiescent lung-resident epithelial progenitors participate in two distinct reparative pathways: functionally beneficial regeneration via alveolar type 2 (AT2) cell proliferation and differentiation, and dysplastic tissue remodeling via intrapulmonary airway-resident basal p63+ progenitors. Here we show that the basal cell transcription factor ΔNp63 is required for intrapulmonary basal progenitors to participate in dysplastic alveolar remodeling following injury. We find that ΔNp63 restricts the plasticity of intrapulmonary basal progenitors by maintaining either active or repressive histone modifications at key differentiation gene loci. Following loss of ΔNp63, intrapulmonary basal progenitors are capable of either airway or alveolar differentiation depending on their surrounding environment both in vitro and in vivo. Uncovering these regulatory mechanisms of dysplastic repair and lung basal cell fate choice highlight potential therapeutic targets to promote functional alveolar regeneration following severe lung injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron I Weiner
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Penn Lung Biology Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Gan Zhao
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Penn Lung Biology Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Hanna M Zayas
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Nicolas P Holcomb
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Stephanie Adams-Tzivelekidis
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Penn Lung Biology Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Joanna Wong
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Penn Lung Biology Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Maria E Gentile
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Penn Lung Biology Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Dyuthi Reddy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Joey Wei
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Gargi Palashikar
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Penn Lung Biology Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Kwaku K Quansah
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Penn Lung Biology Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Andrew E Vaughan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Penn Lung Biology Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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65
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He P, Lim K, Sun D, Pett JP, Jeng Q, Polanski K, Dong Z, Bolt L, Richardson L, Mamanova L, Dabrowska M, Wilbrey-Clark A, Madissoon E, Tuong ZK, Dann E, Suo C, Goh I, Yoshida M, Nikolić MZ, Janes SM, He X, Barker RA, Teichmann SA, Marioni JC, Meyer KB, Rawlins EL. A human fetal lung cell atlas uncovers proximal-distal gradients of differentiation and key regulators of epithelial fates. Cell 2022; 185:4841-4860.e25. [PMID: 36493756 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2022.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
We present a multiomic cell atlas of human lung development that combines single-cell RNA and ATAC sequencing, high-throughput spatial transcriptomics, and single-cell imaging. Coupling single-cell methods with spatial analysis has allowed a comprehensive cellular survey of the epithelial, mesenchymal, endothelial, and erythrocyte/leukocyte compartments from 5-22 post-conception weeks. We identify previously uncharacterized cell states in all compartments. These include developmental-specific secretory progenitors and a subtype of neuroendocrine cell related to human small cell lung cancer. Our datasets are available through our web interface (https://lungcellatlas.org). To illustrate its general utility, we use our cell atlas to generate predictions about cell-cell signaling and transcription factor hierarchies which we rigorously test using organoid models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng He
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK; European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Kyungtae Lim
- Wellcome Trust/CRUK Gurdon Institute, Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QN, UK
| | - Dawei Sun
- Wellcome Trust/CRUK Gurdon Institute, Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QN, UK
| | | | - Quitz Jeng
- Wellcome Trust/CRUK Gurdon Institute, Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QN, UK
| | | | - Ziqi Dong
- Wellcome Trust/CRUK Gurdon Institute, Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QN, UK
| | - Liam Bolt
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK
| | | | - Lira Mamanova
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK
| | | | | | - Elo Madissoon
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK; European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Zewen Kelvin Tuong
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK; Molecular Immunity Unit, University of Cambridge Department of Medicine, Cambridge, UK
| | - Emma Dann
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Chenqu Suo
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK; Department of Paediatrics, Cambridge University Hospitals, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0 QQ, UK
| | - Isaac Goh
- Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Masahiro Yoshida
- Lungs for Living Research Centre, UCL Respiratory, University College London, London, UK
| | - Marko Z Nikolić
- Lungs for Living Research Centre, UCL Respiratory, University College London, London, UK
| | - Sam M Janes
- Lungs for Living Research Centre, UCL Respiratory, University College London, London, UK
| | - Xiaoling He
- John van Geest Centre for Brain Repair, Department of Clinical Neurosciences and Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Roger A Barker
- John van Geest Centre for Brain Repair, Department of Clinical Neurosciences and Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Sarah A Teichmann
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK; Department of Physics, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK
| | - John C Marioni
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK; European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK; Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Emma L Rawlins
- Wellcome Trust/CRUK Gurdon Institute, Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QN, UK.
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Tomati V, Costa S, Capurro V, Pesce E, Pastorino C, Lena M, Sondo E, Di Duca M, Cresta F, Cristadoro S, Zara F, Galietta LJ, Bocciardi R, Castellani C, Lucanto MC, Pedemonte N. Rescue by elexacaftor-tezacaftor-ivacaftor of the G1244E cystic fibrosis mutation's stability and gating defects are dependent on cell background. J Cyst Fibros 2022:S1569-1993(22)01425-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcf.2022.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Guidone D, Buccirossi M, Scudieri P, Genovese M, Sarnataro S, De Cegli R, Cresta F, Terlizzi V, Planelles G, Crambert G, Sermet I, Galietta LJ. Airway surface hyperviscosity and defective mucociliary transport by IL-17/TNF-α are corrected by β-adrenergic stimulus. JCI Insight 2022; 7:164944. [PMID: 36219481 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.164944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The fluid covering the surface of airway epithelia represents a first barrier against pathogens. The chemical and physical properties of the airway surface fluid are controlled by the activity of ion channels and transporters. In cystic fibrosis (CF), loss of CFTR chloride channel function causes airway surface dehydration, bacterial infection, and inflammation. We investigated the effects of IL-17A plus TNF-α, 2 cytokines with relevant roles in CF and other chronic lung diseases. Transcriptome analysis revealed a profound change with upregulation of several genes involved in ion transport, antibacterial defense, and neutrophil recruitment. At the functional level, bronchial epithelia treated in vitro with the cytokine combination showed upregulation of ENaC channel, ATP12A proton pump, ADRB2 β-adrenergic receptor, and SLC26A4 anion exchanger. The overall result of IL-17A/TNF-α treatment was hyperviscosity of the airway surface, as demonstrated by fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) experiments. Importantly, stimulation with a β-adrenergic agonist switched airway surface to a low-viscosity state in non-CF but not in CF epithelia. Our study suggests that CF lung disease is sustained by a vicious cycle in which epithelia cannot exit from the hyperviscous state, thus perpetuating the proinflammatory airway surface condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Guidone
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Pozzuoli, Italy
| | | | - Paolo Scudieri
- U.O.C. Genetica Medica, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy.,Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Michele Genovese
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Sergio Sarnataro
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Rossella De Cegli
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Federico Cresta
- Centro Fibrosi Cistica, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - Vito Terlizzi
- Meyer Children's Hospital, Cystic Fibrosis Regional Reference Center, Department of Paediatric Medicine, Firenze, Italy
| | - Gabrielle Planelles
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM UMRS 1138, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France.,CNRS EMR 8228, Paris, France
| | - Gilles Crambert
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM UMRS 1138, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France.,CNRS EMR 8228, Paris, France
| | | | - Luis Jv Galietta
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Pozzuoli, Italy.,Department of Translational Medical Sciences (DISMET), University of Napoli "Federico II", Napoli, Italy
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68
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Zhang C, Wang S, Casal Moura M, Yi ES, Bowen AJ, Specks U, Warrington KJ, Bayan SL, Ekbom DC, Luo F, Edell ES, Kasperbauer JL, Vassallo R. RNA Sequencing of Idiopathic Subglottic Stenosis Tissues Uncovers Putative Profibrotic Mechanisms and Identifies a Prognostic Biomarker. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2022; 192:1506-1530. [PMID: 35948078 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2022.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Idiopathic subglottic stenosis (iSGS) is a localized airway disease that almost exclusively affects females. Understanding the molecular mechanisms involved may provide insights leading to therapeutic interventions. Next-generation sequencing was performed on tissue sections from patients with iSGS (n = 22), antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis (AAV; n = 5), and matched controls (n = 9) to explore candidate genes and mechanisms of disease. Gene expression changes were validated, and selected markers were identified by immunofluorescence staining. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and leukocyte extravasation pathways were the biological mechanisms most relevant to iSGS pathogenesis. Alternatively activated macrophages (M2) were abundant in the subepithelium and perisubmucosal glands of the airway in iSGS and AAV. Increased expression of the mesenchymal marker S100A4 and decreased expression of the epithelial marker epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EPCAM) further supported a role for EMT, but to different extents, in iSGS and antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated subglottic stenosis. In patients with iSGS, high expression of prostate transmembrane protein, androgen induced 1 (PMEPA1), an EMT regulator, was associated with a shorter recurrence interval (25 versus 116 months: hazard ratio = 4.16; P = 0.041; 95% CI, 1.056-15.60). Thus, EMT is a key pathogenetic mechanism of subglottic stenosis in iSGS and AAV. M2 macrophages contribute to the pathogenesis of both diseases, suggesting a shared profibrotic mechanism, and PMEPA1 may be a biomarker for predicting disease recurrence in iSGS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chujie Zhang
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine and Thoracic Diseases Research Unit, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota; Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China School of Medicine and West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shaohua Wang
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine and Thoracic Diseases Research Unit, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Marta Casal Moura
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine and Thoracic Diseases Research Unit, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Eunhee S Yi
- Departments of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Andrew J Bowen
- Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Ulrich Specks
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine and Thoracic Diseases Research Unit, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | | | - Semirra L Bayan
- Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Dale C Ekbom
- Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Fengming Luo
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China School of Medicine and West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Eric S Edell
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine and Thoracic Diseases Research Unit, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Jan L Kasperbauer
- Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Robert Vassallo
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine and Thoracic Diseases Research Unit, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.
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69
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Girardet L, Cyr DG, Belleannée C. Arl13b controls basal cell stemness properties and Hedgehog signaling in the mouse epididymis. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:556. [PMID: 36261680 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04570-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Epithelial cells orchestrate a series of intercellular signaling events in response to tissue damage. While the epididymis is composed of a pseudostratified epithelium that controls the acquisition of male fertility, the maintenance of its integrity in the context of tissue damage or inflammation remains largely unknown. Basal cells of the epididymis contain a primary cilium, an organelle that controls cellular differentiation in response to Hedgehog signaling cues. Hypothesizing its contribution to epithelial homeostasis, we knocked out the ciliary component ARL13B in keratin 5-positive basal cells. In this model, the reduced size of basal cell primary cilia was associated with impaired Hedgehog signaling and the loss of KRT5, KRT14, and P63 basal cell markers. When subjected to tissue injury, the epididymal epithelium from knock-out mice displayed imbalanced rates of cell proliferation/apoptosis and failed to properly regenerate in vivo. This response was associated with changes in the transcriptomic landscape related to immune response, cell differentiation, cell adhesion, and triggered severe hypoplasia of the epithelium. Together our results indicate that the ciliary GTPase, ARL13B, participates in the transduction of the Hedgehog signaling pathway to maintain basal cell stemness needed for tissue regeneration. These findings provide new insights into the role of basal cell primary cilia as safeguards of pseudostratified epithelia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Girardet
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproduction, Université Laval, CHU de Québec Research Center (CHUL), Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | - Daniel G Cyr
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproduction, Université Laval, CHU de Québec Research Center (CHUL), Quebec City, QC, Canada.,Laboratory for Reproductive Toxicology, INRS-Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Université du Québec, Laval, QC, Canada
| | - Clémence Belleannée
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproduction, Université Laval, CHU de Québec Research Center (CHUL), Quebec City, QC, Canada.
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Ferrer-Torres D, Wu JH, Zhang CJ, Hammer MA, Dame MK, Wu A, Holloway EM, Karpoff K, McCarthy CL, Bohm MS, Cuttitta AJ, Tigani DJ, Huang S, Tsai YH, Miller AJ, Walker T, Bayer DE, Hogan SP, Turgeon DK, Lin J, Higgins PDR, Sexton J, Spence JR. Mapping the adult human esophagus in vivo and in vitro. Development 2022; 149:dev200614. [PMID: 36278875 PMCID: PMC9720751 DOI: 10.1242/dev.200614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
Many esophageal diseases can arise during development or throughout life. Therefore, well-characterized in vitro models and detailed methods are essential for studying human esophageal development, homeostasis and disease. Here, we (1) create an atlas of the cell types observed in the normal adult human esophagus; (2) establish an ancestrally diverse biobank of in vitro esophagus tissue to interrogate homeostasis and injury; and (3) benchmark in vitro models using the adult human esophagus atlas. We created a single-cell RNA sequencing reference atlas using fresh adult esophagus biopsies and a continuously expanding biobank of patient-derived in vitro cultures (n=55 lines). We identify and validate several transcriptionally distinct cell classes in the native human adult esophagus, with four populations belonging to the epithelial layer, including basal, epibasal, early differentiating and terminally differentiated luminal cells. Benchmarking in vitro esophagus cultures to the in vivo reference using single-cell RNA sequencing shows that the basal stem cells are robustly maintained in vitro, and the diversity of epithelial cell types in culture is dependent on cell density. We also demonstrate that cultures can be grown in 2D or as 3D organoids, and these methods can be employed for modeling the complete epithelial layers, thereby enabling in vitro modeling of the human adult esophagus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daysha Ferrer-Torres
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Center for Cell Plasticity and Organ Design, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Joshua H. Wu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Charles J. Zhang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Max A. Hammer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Michael K. Dame
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Angeline Wu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Emily M. Holloway
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Kateryna Karpoff
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Caroline L. McCarthy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Margaret S. Bohm
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Ashley J. Cuttitta
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Dominic J. Tigani
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Sha Huang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Yu-Hwai Tsai
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Alyssa J. Miller
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Taylor Walker
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - David E. Bayer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Simon P. Hogan
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Danielle Kim Turgeon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Jules Lin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Peter D. R. Higgins
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Jonathan Sexton
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- U-M Center for Drug Repurposing, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Jason R. Spence
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Center for Cell Plasticity and Organ Design, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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Hynds RE. Exploiting the potential of lung stem cells to develop pro-regenerative therapies. Biol Open 2022; 11:bio059423. [PMID: 36239242 PMCID: PMC9581519 DOI: 10.1242/bio.059423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute and chronic lung diseases are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally. Unfortunately, these diseases are increasing in frequency and we have limited treatment options for severe lung diseases. New therapies are needed that not only treat symptoms or slow disease progression, but also enable the regeneration of functional lung tissue. Both airways and alveoli contain populations of epithelial stem cells with the potential to self-renew and produce differentiated progeny. Understanding the mechanisms that determine the behaviour of these cells, and their interactions with their niches, will allow future generations of respiratory therapies that protect the lungs from disease onset, promote regeneration from endogenous stem cells or enable regeneration through the delivery of exogenous cells. This review summarises progress towards each of these goals, highlighting the challenges and opportunities of developing pro-regenerative (bio)pharmaceutical, gene and cell therapies for respiratory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert E. Hynds
- Epithelial Cell Biology in ENT Research (EpiCENTR) Group, Developmental Biology and Cancer Department, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, WC1N 1DZ, UK
- UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, WC1E 6DD, UK
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Zhang L, Luo W, Liu J, Xu M, Peng Q, Zou W, You J, Shu Y, Zhao P, Wagstaff W, Zhao G, Qin K, Haydon RC, Luu HH, Reid RR, Bi Y, Zhao T, He TC, Fu Z. Modeling lung diseases using reversibly immortalized mouse pulmonary alveolar type 2 cells (imPAC2). Cell Biosci 2022; 12:159. [PMID: 36138472 PMCID: PMC9502644 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-022-00894-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A healthy alveolar epithelium is critical to the gas exchange function of the lungs. As the major cell type of alveolar epithelium, alveolar type 2 (AT2) cells play a critical role in maintaining pulmonary homeostasis by serving as alveolar progenitors during lung injury, inflammation, and repair. Dysregulation of AT2 cells may lead to the development of acute and chronic lung diseases and cancer. The lack of clinically relevant AT2 cell models hampers our ability to understand pulmonary diseases. Here, we sought to establish reversibly immortalized mouse pulmonary alveolar type 2 cells (imPAC2) and investigate their potential in forming alveolar organoids to model pulmonary diseases. METHODS Primary mouse pulmonary alveolar cells (mPACs) were isolated and immortalized with a retroviral expression of SV40 Large T antigen (LTA). Cell proliferation and survival was assessed by crystal violet staining and WST-1 assays. Marker gene expression was assessed by qPCR, Western blotting, and/or immunostaining. Alveolar organoids were generated by using matrigel. Ad-TGF-β1 was used to transiently express TGF-β1. Stable silencing β-catenin or overexpression of mutant KRAS and TP53 was accomplished by using retroviral vectors. Subcutaneous cell implantations were carried out in athymic nude mice. The retrieved tissue masses were subjected to H & E histologic evaluation. RESULTS We immortalized primary mPACs with SV40 LTA to yield the imPACs that were non-tumorigenic and maintained long-term proliferative activity that was reversible by FLP-mediated removal of SV40 LTA. The EpCAM+ AT2-enriched subpopulation (i.e., imPAC2) was sorted out from the imPACs, and was shown to express AT2 markers and form alveolar organoids. Functionally, silencing β-catenin decreased the expression of AT2 markers in imPAC2 cells, while TGF-β1 induced fibrosis-like response by regulating the expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition markers in the imPAC2 cells. Lastly, concurrent expression of oncogenic KRAS and mutant TP53 rendered the imPAC2 cells a tumor-like phenotype and activated lung cancer-associated pathways. Collectively, our results suggest that the imPAC2 cells may faithfully represent AT2 populations that can be further explored to model pulmonary diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linghuan Zhang
- Stem Cell Biology and Therapy Laboratory, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, and the Department of Respiratory Diseases, The Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, 5841 South Maryland Avenue, MC3079, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Wenping Luo
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, 5841 South Maryland Avenue, MC3079, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
- Laboratory Animal Center, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Jiang Liu
- Stem Cell Biology and Therapy Laboratory, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, and the Department of Respiratory Diseases, The Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Maozhu Xu
- Stem Cell Biology and Therapy Laboratory, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, and the Department of Respiratory Diseases, The Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Qi Peng
- University-Town Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401331, China
| | - Wenjing Zou
- Stem Cell Biology and Therapy Laboratory, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, and the Department of Respiratory Diseases, The Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Jingyi You
- Stem Cell Biology and Therapy Laboratory, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, and the Department of Respiratory Diseases, The Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Yi Shu
- Stem Cell Biology and Therapy Laboratory, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, and the Department of Respiratory Diseases, The Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, 5841 South Maryland Avenue, MC3079, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Piao Zhao
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, 5841 South Maryland Avenue, MC3079, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
- Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery and Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400046, China
| | - William Wagstaff
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, 5841 South Maryland Avenue, MC3079, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Guozhi Zhao
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, 5841 South Maryland Avenue, MC3079, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
- Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery and Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400046, China
| | - Kevin Qin
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, 5841 South Maryland Avenue, MC3079, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
- Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine, North Chicago, IL, 60064, USA
| | - Rex C Haydon
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, 5841 South Maryland Avenue, MC3079, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Hue H Luu
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, 5841 South Maryland Avenue, MC3079, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Russell R Reid
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, 5841 South Maryland Avenue, MC3079, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
- Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
- Laboratory of Craniofacial Suture Biology and Development, Department of Surgery Section of Plastic Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Yang Bi
- Stem Cell Biology and Therapy Laboratory, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, and the Department of Respiratory Diseases, The Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, 5841 South Maryland Avenue, MC3079, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Tianyu Zhao
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, the Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401147, China
| | - Tong-Chuan He
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, 5841 South Maryland Avenue, MC3079, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA.
- Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA.
| | - Zhou Fu
- Stem Cell Biology and Therapy Laboratory, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, and the Department of Respiratory Diseases, The Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China.
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Huang H, Fang Y, Jiang M, Zhang Y, Biermann J, Melms JC, Danielsson JA, Yang Y, Qiang L, Liu J, Zhou Y, Wang M, Hu Z, Wang TC, Saqi A, Sun J, Matsumoto I, Cardoso WV, Emala CW, Zhu J, Izar B, Mou H, Que J. Contribution of Trp63CreERT2-labeled cells to alveolar regeneration is independent of tuft cells. eLife 2022; 11:e78217. [PMID: 36129169 PMCID: PMC9553211 DOI: 10.7554/elife.78217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Viral infection often causes severe damage to the lungs, leading to the appearance of ectopic basal cells (EBCs) and tuft cells in the lung parenchyma. Thus far, the roles of these ectopic epithelial cells in alveolar regeneration remain controversial. Here, we confirm that the ectopic tuft cells are originated from EBCs in mouse models and COVID-19 lungs. The differentiation of tuft cells from EBCs is promoted by Wnt inhibition while suppressed by Notch inhibition. Although progenitor functions have been suggested in other organs, pulmonary tuft cells don't proliferate or give rise to other cell lineages. Consistent with previous reports, Trp63CreERT2 and KRT5-CreERT2-labeled ectopic EBCs do not exhibit alveolar regeneration potential. Intriguingly, when tamoxifen was administrated post-viral infection, Trp63CreERT2 but not KRT5-CreERT2 labels islands of alveolar epithelial cells that are negative for EBC biomarkers. Furthermore, germline deletion of Trpm5 significantly increases the contribution of Trp63CreERT2-labeled cells to the alveolar epithelium. Although Trpm5 is known to regulate tuft cell development, complete ablation of tuft cell production fails to improve alveolar regeneration in Pou2f3-/- mice, implying that Trpm5 promotes alveolar epithelial regeneration through a mechanism independent of tuft cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huachao Huang
- Columbia Center for Human Development, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical CenterNew YorkUnited States
- Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical CenterNew YorkUnited States
| | - Yinshan Fang
- Columbia Center for Human Development, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical CenterNew YorkUnited States
- Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical CenterNew YorkUnited States
| | - Ming Jiang
- Institute of Genetics, the Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Yihan Zhang
- Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
| | - Jana Biermann
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical CenterNew YorkUnited States
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical CenterNew YorkUnited States
| | - Johannes C Melms
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical CenterNew YorkUnited States
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical CenterNew YorkUnited States
| | - Jennifer A Danielsson
- Department of Anesthesiology, Columbia University Irving Medical CenterNew YorkUnited States
| | - Ying Yang
- Program in Epithelial Biology, Stanford University School of MedicineStanfordUnited States
| | - Li Qiang
- Department of Pathology & Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical CenterNew YorkUnited States
| | - Jia Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of SciencesWuhanChina
| | - Yiwu Zhou
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Manli Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of SciencesWuhanChina
| | - Zhihong Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of SciencesWuhanChina
| | - Timothy C Wang
- Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical CenterNew YorkUnited States
| | - Anjali Saqi
- Department of Pathology & Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical CenterNew YorkUnited States
| | - Jie Sun
- Carter Immunology Center, the University of VirginiaCharlottesvilleUnited States
| | | | - Wellington V Cardoso
- Columbia Center for Human Development, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical CenterNew YorkUnited States
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical CenterNew YorkUnited States
| | - Charles W Emala
- Department of Anesthesiology, Columbia University Irving Medical CenterNew YorkUnited States
| | - Jian Zhu
- Department of Pathology, Ohio State University College of MedicineColumbusUnited States
| | - Benjamin Izar
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical CenterNew YorkUnited States
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical CenterNew YorkUnited States
| | - Hongmei Mou
- Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
| | - Jianwen Que
- Columbia Center for Human Development, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical CenterNew YorkUnited States
- Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical CenterNew YorkUnited States
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Fowler EW, van Venrooy EJ, Witt RL, Jia X. A TGFβR inhibitor represses keratin-7 expression in 3D cultures of human salivary gland progenitor cells. Sci Rep 2022; 12:15008. [PMID: 36056161 PMCID: PMC9440137 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-19253-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Salivary gland tissue engineering offers an attractive alternative for the treatment of radiation-induced xerostomia. Key to the success of this approach is the maintenance and expansion of secretory acinar cells in vitro. However, recent studies revealed that in vitro culture of primary salivary gland epithelial cells led to undesirable upregulation of the expression of keratin-7 (K7), a marker of ductal phenotype and frequently associated with cellular stress. We have previously shown that hyaluronic acid (HA)-based, RGDSP-decorated hydrogels support the 3D growth and assembly of primary human salivary gland stem/progenitor cells (hS/PCs). Here, we investigate whether the RGDSP culture also promotes K7 expression, and if so, what factors govern the K7 expression. Compared to hS/PCs maintained in blank HA gels, those grown in RGDSP cultures expressed a significantly higher level of K7. In other tissues, various transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) superfamily members are reported to regulate K7 expression. Similarly, our immunoblot array and ELISA experiments confirmed the increased expression of TGF-β1 and growth/differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15) in RGDSP cultures. However, 2D model studies show that only TGF-β1 is required to induce K7 expression in hS/PCs. Immunocytochemical analysis of the intracellular effectors of TGF-β signaling, SMAD 2/3, further confirmed the elevated TGF-β signaling in RGDSP cultures. To maximize the regenerative potential of h/SPCs, cultures were treated with a pharmacological inhibitor of TGF-β receptor, A83-01. Our results show that A83-01 treatment can repress K7 expression not only in 3D RGDSP cultures but also under 2D conditions with exogenous TGF-β1. Collectively, we provide a link between TGF-β signaling and K7 expression in hS/PC cultures and demonstrate the effectiveness of TGF-β inhibition to repress K7 expression while maintaining the ability of RGDSP-conjugated HA gels to facilitate the rapid development of amylase expressing spheroids. These findings represent an important step towards regenerating salivary function with a tissue-engineered salivary gland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric W Fowler
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716, USA.
| | - Emmett J van Venrooy
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716, USA
| | - Robert L Witt
- Helen F. Graham Cancer Center and Research Institute, Christiana Care, Newark, DE, 19713, USA
| | - Xinqiao Jia
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716, USA.
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716, USA.
- Delaware Biotechnology Institute, 590 Avenue 1743, Newark, DE, 19713, USA.
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Advances in Preclinical In Vitro Models for the Translation of Precision Medicine for Cystic Fibrosis. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12081321. [PMID: 36013270 PMCID: PMC9409685 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12081321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of preclinical in vitro models has provided significant progress to the studies of cystic fibrosis (CF), a frequently fatal monogenic disease caused by mutations in the gene encoding the CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein. Numerous cell lines were generated over the last 30 years and they have been instrumental not only in enhancing the understanding of CF pathological mechanisms but also in developing therapies targeting the underlying defects in CFTR mutations with further validation in patient-derived samples. Furthermore, recent advances toward precision medicine in CF have been made possible by optimizing protocols and establishing novel assays using human bronchial, nasal and rectal tissues, and by progressing from two-dimensional monocultures to more complex three-dimensional culture platforms. These models also enable to potentially predict clinical efficacy and responsiveness to CFTR modulator therapies at an individual level. In parallel, advanced systems, such as induced pluripotent stem cells and organ-on-a-chip, continue to be developed in order to more closely recapitulate human physiology for disease modeling and drug testing. In this review, we have highlighted novel and optimized cell models that are being used in CF research to develop novel CFTR-directed therapies (or alternative therapeutic interventions) and to expand the usage of existing modulator drugs to common and rare CF-causing mutations.
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Darwish T, Al-Khulaifi A, Ali M, Mowafy R, Arredouani A, Doi SA, Emara MM. Assessing the consistency of iPSC and animal models in cystic fibrosis modelling: A meta-analysis. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0272091. [PMID: 35944004 PMCID: PMC9362911 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0272091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a hereditary autosomal recessive disorder caused by a range of mutations in the CF Transmembrane Conductance Regulator (CFTR) gene. This gene encodes the CFTR protein, which acts as a chloride channel activated by cyclic AMP (cAMP). This meta-analysis aimed to compare the responsiveness of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) to cAMP analogues to that of commonly used animal models. METHODS Databases searched included PubMed, Scopus, and Medline from inception to January 2020. A total of 8 and 3 studies, respectively, for animal models and iPSCs, were analyzed. Studies were extracted for investigating cAMP-stimulated anion transport by measuring the short circuit current (Isc) of chloride channels in different animal models and iPSC systems We utilized an inverse variance heterogeneity model for synthesis. RESULTS Our analysis showed considerable heterogeneity in the mean Isc value in both animal models and iPSCs studies (compared to their WT counterparts), and both suffer from variable responsiveness based on the nature of the underlying model. There was no clear advantage of one over the other. CONCLUSIONS Studies on both animal and iPSCs models generated considerable heterogeneity. Given the potential of iPSC-derived models to study different diseases, we recommend paying more attention to developing reproducible models of iPSC as it has potential if adequately developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toqa Darwish
- Basic Medical Sciences Department, College of Medicine, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Azhar Al-Khulaifi
- Basic Medical Sciences Department, College of Medicine, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Menatalla Ali
- Basic Medical Sciences Department, College of Medicine, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Rana Mowafy
- Basic Medical Sciences Department, College of Medicine, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Abdelilah Arredouani
- Diabetes Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Suhail A. Doi
- Department of Population Medicine, College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Mohamed M. Emara
- Basic Medical Sciences Department, College of Medicine, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
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Asadi Jozani K, Kouthouridis S, Hirota JA, Zhang B. Next generation preclinical models of lung development, physiology and disease. CAN J CHEM ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/cjce.24581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kimia Asadi Jozani
- School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton Ontario Canada
| | - Sonya Kouthouridis
- Department of Chemical Engineering McMaster University Hamilton Ontario Canada
| | - Jeremy Alexander Hirota
- School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton Ontario Canada
- Department of Medicine, Division of Respirology McMaster University Hamilton Ontario Canada
- Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health St. Joseph’s Hospital, Hamilton Ontario Canada
| | - Boyang Zhang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton Ontario Canada
- Department of Chemical Engineering McMaster University Hamilton Ontario Canada
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Lakhdar R, Mumby S, Abubakar-Waziri H, Porter A, Adcock IM, Chung KF. Lung toxicity of particulates and gaseous pollutants using ex-vivo airway epithelial cell culture systems. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 305:119323. [PMID: 35447256 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Air pollution consists of a multi-faceted mix of gases and ambient particulate matter (PM) with diverse organic and non-organic chemical components that contribute to increasing morbidity and mortality worldwide. In particular, epidemiological and clinical studies indicate that respiratory health is adversely affected by exposure to air pollution by both causing and worsening (exacerbating) diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma, interstitial pulmonary fibrosis and lung cancer. The molecular mechanisms of air pollution-induced pulmonary toxicity have been evaluated with regards to different types of PM of various sizes and concentrations with single and multiple exposures over different time periods. These data provide a plausible interrelationship between cellular toxicity and the activation of multiple biological processes including proinflammatory responses, oxidative stress, mitochondrial oxidative damage, autophagy, apoptosis, cell genotoxicity, cellular senescence and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. However, these molecular changes have been studied predominantly in cell lines rather than in primary bronchial or nasal cells from healthy subjects or those isolated from patients with airways disease. In addition, they have been conducted under different cell culture conditions and generally in submerged culture rather than the more relevant air-liquid interface culture and with a variety of air pollutant exposure protocols. Cell types may respond differentially to pollution delivered as an aerosol rather than being bathed in media containing agglomerations of particles. As a result, the actual pathophysiological pathways activated by different PMs in primary cells from the airways of healthy and asthmatic subjects remains unclear. This review summarises the literature on the different methodologies utilised in studying the impact of submicron-sized pollutants on cells derived from the respiratory tract with an emphasis on data obtained from primary human cell. We highlight the critical underlying molecular mechanisms that may be important in driving disease processes in response to air pollution in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramzi Lakhdar
- National Heart and Lung Institute and *Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London, SW3 6LY, United Kingdom.
| | - Sharon Mumby
- National Heart and Lung Institute and *Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London, SW3 6LY, United Kingdom.
| | - Hisham Abubakar-Waziri
- National Heart and Lung Institute and *Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London, SW3 6LY, United Kingdom.
| | - Alexandra Porter
- National Heart and Lung Institute and *Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London, SW3 6LY, United Kingdom.
| | - Ian M Adcock
- National Heart and Lung Institute and *Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London, SW3 6LY, United Kingdom.
| | - Kian Fan Chung
- National Heart and Lung Institute and *Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London, SW3 6LY, United Kingdom.
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79
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Cyr DG, Pinel L. Emerging organoid models to study the epididymis in male reproductive toxicology. Reprod Toxicol 2022; 112:88-99. [PMID: 35810924 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2022.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
The importance of the epididymis on sperm maturation and consequently male fertility has been well documented. The pseudostratified epithelium of the epididymis is comprised of multiple cell types, including principal cells, which are the most abundant, and basal cells. The role of basal cells has been unclear and has been a source of discussion in the literature. However, the recent demonstration that these cells are multipotent or adult stem cells has opened new areas of research in epididymal biology. One such avenue is to understand the regulation of these stem cells, and to exploit their properties to develop tools for toxicological studies to elucidate the effects of chemicals on cell differentiation and epididymal function in vitro. Studies in both rat and mouse have shown that purified single epididymal basal cells cultured under 3D conditions can proliferate and differentiate to form organoids, or mini organs. Furthermore, these epididymal basal stem cells can self-renew and differentiate into other epididymal cell types. It is known that during epididymal development, basal cells are derived from undifferentiated columnar cells, which have been reported to share common properties to stem cells. Like basal cells, these undifferentiated columnar cells can also form organoids under 3D culture conditions and can differentiate into basal, principal and clear cells. Organoids derived from either basal cells or columnar cells offer unique models for toxicology studies and represent an exciting and emerging approach to understand the epididymis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel G Cyr
- Laboratory for Reproductive Toxicology, INRS-Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Université du Québec, Laval, QC, Canada; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada; Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproduction, Laval University, Québec, QC, Canada.
| | - Laurie Pinel
- Laboratory for Reproductive Toxicology, INRS-Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Université du Québec, Laval, QC, Canada
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80
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Dufresne J, Gregory M, Pinel L, Cyr DG. Differential gene expression and hallmarks of stemness in epithelial cells of the developing rat epididymis. Cell Tissue Res 2022; 389:327-349. [PMID: 35590013 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-022-03634-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Epididymal development can be subdivided into three phases: undifferentiated, a period of differentiation, and expansion. The objectives of this study were (1) to assess gene expression profiles in epididymides, (2) predict signaling pathways, and (3) develop a novel 3D cell culture method to assess the regulation of epididymal development in vitro. Microarray analyses indicate that the largest changes in differential gene expression occurred between the 7- to 18-day period, in which 1452 genes were differentially expressed, while 671 differentially expressed genes were noted between days 18 and 28, and there were 560 differentially expressed genes between days 28 and 60. Multiple signaling pathways were predicted at different phases of development. Pathway associations indicated that in epididymides of 7- to 18-day old rats, there was a significant association of regulated genes implicated in stem cells, estrogens, thyroid hormones, and kidney development, while androgen- and estrogen-related pathways were enriched at other phases of development. Organoids were derived from CD49f + columnar cells from 7-day old rats, while no organoids developed from CD49f- cells. Cells cultured in an epididymal basal cell organoid medium versus a commercial kidney differentiation medium supplemented with DHT revealed that irrespective of the culture medium, cells within differentiating organoids expressed p63, AQP9, and V-ATPase after 14 days of culture. The commercial kidney medium resulted in an increase in the number of organoids positive for p63, AQP9, and V-ATPase. Together, these data indicate that columnar cells represent an epididymal stem/progenitor cell population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Dufresne
- Laboratory for Reproductive Toxicology, INRS-Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Université du Québec, 245 boul. Des Prairies, Laval, QC, H7V 3B7, Canada
| | - Mary Gregory
- Laboratory for Reproductive Toxicology, INRS-Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Université du Québec, 245 boul. Des Prairies, Laval, QC, H7V 3B7, Canada
| | - Laurie Pinel
- Laboratory for Reproductive Toxicology, INRS-Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Université du Québec, 245 boul. Des Prairies, Laval, QC, H7V 3B7, Canada
| | - Daniel G Cyr
- Laboratory for Reproductive Toxicology, INRS-Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Université du Québec, 245 boul. Des Prairies, Laval, QC, H7V 3B7, Canada. .,Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada. .,Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproduction, Laval University, Québec, QC, Canada.
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81
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King RE, Ward-Shaw ET, Hu R, Lambert PF, Thibeault SL. Expanded Basal Compartment and Disrupted Barrier in Vocal Fold Epithelium Infected with Mouse Papillomavirus MmuPV1. Viruses 2022; 14:v14051059. [PMID: 35632798 PMCID: PMC9146965 DOI: 10.3390/v14051059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Laryngeal infection with low-risk human papillomaviruses can cause recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP), a disease with severe effects on vocal fold epithelium resulting in impaired voice function and communication. RRP research has been stymied by limited preclinical models. We recently reported a murine model of laryngeal MmuPV1 infection and disease in immunodeficient mice. In the current study, we compare quantitative and qualitative measures of epithelial proliferation, apoptosis, differentiation, and barrier between mice with MmuPV1-induced disease of the larynx and surrounding tissues and equal numbers of uninfected controls. Findings supported our hypothesis that laryngeal MmuPV1 infection recapitulates many features of RRP. Like RRP, MmuPV1 increased proliferation in infected vocal fold epithelium, expanded the basal compartment of cells, decreased differentiated cells, and altered cell–cell junctions and basement membrane. Effects of MmuPV1 on apoptosis were equivocal, as with RRP. Barrier markers resembled human neoplastic disease in severe MmuPV1-induced disease. We conclude that MmuPV1 infection of the mouse larynx provides a useful, if imperfect, preclinical model for RRP that will facilitate further study and treatment development for this intractable and devastating disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renee E. King
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, Department of Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA; (R.E.K.); (E.T.W.-S.); (P.F.L.)
- Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Ella T. Ward-Shaw
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, Department of Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA; (R.E.K.); (E.T.W.-S.); (P.F.L.)
| | - Rong Hu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA;
| | - Paul F. Lambert
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, Department of Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA; (R.E.K.); (E.T.W.-S.); (P.F.L.)
| | - Susan L. Thibeault
- Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- Correspondence:
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82
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Wu M, Zhang X, Lin Y, Zeng Y. Roles of airway basal stem cells in lung homeostasis and regenerative medicine. Respir Res 2022; 23:122. [PMID: 35562719 PMCID: PMC9102684 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-022-02042-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Airway basal stem cells (BSCs) in the proximal airways are recognized as resident stem cells capable of self-renewing and differentiating to virtually every pseudostratified epithelium cell type under steady-state and after acute injury. In homeostasis, BSCs typically maintain a quiescent state. However, when exposed to acute injuries by either physical insults, chemical damage, or pathogen infection, the remaining BSCs increase their proliferation rate apace within the first 24 h and differentiate to restore lung homeostasis. Given the progenitor property of airway BSCs, it is attractive to research their biological characteristics and how they maintain homeostatic airway structure and respond to injury. In this review, we focus on the roles of BSCs in lung homeostasis and regeneration, detail the research progress in the characteristics of airway BSCs, the cellular and molecular signaling communications involved in BSCs-related airway repair and regeneration, and further discuss the in vitro models for airway BSC propagation and their applications in lung regenerative medicine therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meirong Wu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, People's Republic of China.,Stem Cell Laboratory, Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, People's Republic of China.,Respiratory Medicine Center of Fujian Province, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojing Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, People's Republic of China.,Stem Cell Laboratory, Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, People's Republic of China.,Respiratory Medicine Center of Fujian Province, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yijian Lin
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, People's Republic of China.,Stem Cell Laboratory, Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, People's Republic of China.,Respiratory Medicine Center of Fujian Province, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiming Zeng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, People's Republic of China. .,Stem Cell Laboratory, Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, People's Republic of China. .,Respiratory Medicine Center of Fujian Province, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, People's Republic of China.
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83
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A Novel In Vivo Model of Laryngeal Papillomavirus-Associated Disease Using Mus musculus Papillomavirus. Viruses 2022; 14:v14051000. [PMID: 35632742 PMCID: PMC9147793 DOI: 10.3390/v14051000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP), caused by laryngeal infection with low-risk human papillomaviruses, has devastating effects on vocal communication and quality of life. Factors in RRP onset, other than viral presence in the airway, are poorly understood. RRP research has been stalled by limited preclinical models. The only known papillomavirus able to infect laboratory mice, Mus musculus papillomavirus (MmuPV1), induces disease in a variety of tissues. We hypothesized that MmuPV1 could infect the larynx as a foundation for a preclinical model of RRP. We further hypothesized that epithelial injury would enhance the ability of MmuPV1 to cause laryngeal disease, because injury is a potential factor in RRP and promotes MmuPV1 infection in other tissues. In this report, we infected larynges of NOD scid gamma mice with MmuPV1 with and without vocal fold abrasion and measured infection and disease pathogenesis over 12 weeks. Laryngeal disease incidence and severity increased earlier in mice that underwent injury in addition to infection. However, laryngeal disease emerged in all infected mice by week 12, with or without injury. Secondary laryngeal infections and disease arose in nude mice after MmuPV1 skin infections, confirming that experimentally induced injury is dispensable for laryngeal MmuPV1 infection and disease in immunocompromised mice. Unlike RRP, lesions were relatively flat dysplasias and they could progress to cancer. Similar to RRP, MmuPV1 transcript was detected in all laryngeal disease and in clinically normal larynges. MmuPV1 capsid protein was largely absent from the larynx, but productive infection arose in a case of squamous metaplasia at the level of the cricoid cartilage. Similar to RRP, disease spread beyond the larynx to the trachea and bronchi. This first report of laryngeal MmuPV1 infection provides a foundation for a preclinical model of RRP.
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84
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Bae J, Choi YS, Cho G, Jang SJ. The Patient-Derived Cancer Organoids: Promises and Challenges as Platforms for Cancer Discovery. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14092144. [PMID: 35565273 PMCID: PMC9105149 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14092144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The cancer burden is rapidly increasing in most countries, and thus, new anticancer drugs for effective cancer therapy must be developed. Cancer model systems that recapitulate the biological processes of human cancers are one of the cores of the drug development process. PDCO has emerged as a unique model that preserves the genetic, physiological, and histologic characteristics of original cancer, including inter- and intratumoral heterogeneities. Due to these advantages, the PCDO model is increasingly investigated for anticancer drug screening and efficacy testing, preclinical patient stratification, and precision medicine for selecting the most effective anticancer therapy for patients. Here, we review the prospects and limitations of PDCO compared to the conventional cancer models. With advances in culture success rates, co-culture systems with the tumor microenvironment, organoid-on-a-chip technology, and automation technology, PDCO will become the most promising model to develop anticancer drugs and precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- JuneSung Bae
- Department of Research and Development, OncoClew Co., Ltd., Seoul 04778, Korea; (J.B.); (Y.S.C.); (G.C.)
| | - Yun Sik Choi
- Department of Research and Development, OncoClew Co., Ltd., Seoul 04778, Korea; (J.B.); (Y.S.C.); (G.C.)
| | - Gunsik Cho
- Department of Research and Development, OncoClew Co., Ltd., Seoul 04778, Korea; (J.B.); (Y.S.C.); (G.C.)
| | - Se Jin Jang
- Department of Research and Development, OncoClew Co., Ltd., Seoul 04778, Korea; (J.B.); (Y.S.C.); (G.C.)
- Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
- Asan Center for Cancer Genome Discovery, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Seoul 05505, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-498-2644; Fax: +82-2-498-2655
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85
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Abstract
The lung is the primary site of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-induced immunopathology whereby the virus enters the host cells by binding to angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). Sophisticated regeneration and repair programs exist in the lungs to replenish injured cell populations. However, known resident stem/progenitor cells have been demonstrated to express ACE2, raising a substantial concern regarding the long-term consequences of impaired lung regeneration after SARS-CoV-2 infection. Moreover, clinical treatments may also affect lung repair from antiviral drug candidates to mechanical ventilation. In this review, we highlight how SARS-CoV-2 disrupts a program that governs lung homeostasis. We also summarize the current efforts of targeted therapy and supportive treatments for COVID-19 patients. In addition, we discuss the pros and cons of cell therapy with mesenchymal stem cells or resident lung epithelial stem/progenitor cells in preventing post-acute sequelae of COVID-19. We propose that, in addition to symptomatic treatments being developed and applied in the clinic, targeting lung regeneration is also essential to restore lung homeostasis in COVID-19 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuxiaonan Zhao
- Department of Basic Medicine, Haihe Clinical School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Qingwen Ma
- Department of Basic Medicine, Haihe Clinical School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Qing Yue
- Department of Basic Medicine, Haihe Clinical School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Huaiyong Chen
- Department of Basic Medicine, Haihe Clinical School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Key Research Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention for State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Tianjin Haihe Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Department of Basic Medicine, Haihe Hospital, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Lung Regenerative Medicine, Tianjin, China
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86
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Han H, Wang Y, Curto J, Gurrapu S, Laudato S, Rumandla A, Chakraborty G, Wang X, Chen H, Jiang Y, Kumar D, Caggiano EG, Capogiri M, Zhang B, Ji Y, Maity SN, Hu M, Bai S, Aparicio AM, Efstathiou E, Logothetis CJ, Navin N, Navone NM, Chen Y, Giancotti FG. Mesenchymal and stem-like prostate cancer linked to therapy-induced lineage plasticity and metastasis. Cell Rep 2022; 39:110595. [PMID: 35385726 PMCID: PMC9414743 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.110595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Bioinformatic analysis of 94 patient-derived xenografts (PDXs), cell lines, and organoids (PCOs) identifies three intrinsic transcriptional subtypes of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer: androgen receptor (AR) pathway + prostate cancer (PC) (ARPC), mesenchymal and stem-like PC (MSPC), and neuroendocrine PC (NEPC). A sizable proportion of castration-resistant and metastatic stage PC (M-CRPC) cases are admixtures of ARPC and MSPC. Analysis of clinical datasets and mechanistic studies indicates that MSPC arises from ARPC as a consequence of therapy-induced lineage plasticity. AR blockade with enzalutamide induces (1) transcriptional silencing of TP53 and hence dedifferentiation to a hybrid epithelial and mesenchymal and stem-like state and (2) inhibition of BMP signaling, which promotes resistance to AR inhibition. Enzalutamide-tolerant LNCaP cells re-enter the cell cycle in response to neuregulin and generate metastasis in mice. Combined inhibition of HER2/3 and AR or mTORC1 exhibits efficacy in models of ARPC and MSPC or MSPC, respectively. These results define MSPC, trace its origin to therapy-induced lineage plasticity, and reveal its sensitivity to HER2/3 inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunho Han
- Department of Cancer Biology, UT MDACC, Houston, TX 77054, USA; Department of Urology, Urological Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Cancer Biology, UT MDACC, Houston, TX 77054, USA; Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center and Department of Genetics and Development, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Josue Curto
- Department of Cancer Biology, UT MDACC, Houston, TX 77054, USA; Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center and Department of Genetics and Development, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Sreeharsha Gurrapu
- Department of Cancer Biology, UT MDACC, Houston, TX 77054, USA; Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center and Department of Genetics and Development, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Sara Laudato
- Department of Cancer Biology, UT MDACC, Houston, TX 77054, USA
| | - Alekya Rumandla
- Department of Cancer Biology, UT MDACC, Houston, TX 77054, USA; UT MDACC UT Health Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | | | - Xiaobo Wang
- Department of Cancer Biology, UT MDACC, Houston, TX 77054, USA; Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center and Department of Genetics and Development, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA; UT MDACC UT Health Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Hong Chen
- Department of Cancer Biology, UT MDACC, Houston, TX 77054, USA
| | - Yan Jiang
- Department of Cancer Biology, UT MDACC, Houston, TX 77054, USA
| | - Dhiraj Kumar
- Department of Cancer Biology, UT MDACC, Houston, TX 77054, USA; Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center and Department of Genetics and Development, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Emily G Caggiano
- Department of Cancer Biology, UT MDACC, Houston, TX 77054, USA; UT MDACC UT Health Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Monica Capogiri
- Department of Cancer Biology, UT MDACC, Houston, TX 77054, USA
| | - Boyu Zhang
- Department of Cancer Biology, UT MDACC, Houston, TX 77054, USA
| | - Yan Ji
- Department of Cancer Biology, UT MDACC, Houston, TX 77054, USA
| | - Sankar N Maity
- Department of GU Oncology, UT MDACC, Houston, TX 77054, USA
| | - Min Hu
- Department of Genetics, UT MDACC, Houston, TX 77054, USA
| | - Shanshan Bai
- Department of Genetics, UT MDACC, Houston, TX 77054, USA
| | - Ana M Aparicio
- Department of GU Oncology, UT MDACC, Houston, TX 77054, USA
| | | | | | - Nicholas Navin
- Department of Genetics, UT MDACC, Houston, TX 77054, USA
| | - Nora M Navone
- Department of GU Oncology, UT MDACC, Houston, TX 77054, USA
| | - Yu Chen
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program and Department of Medicine, MSKCC, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Filippo G Giancotti
- Department of Cancer Biology, UT MDACC, Houston, TX 77054, USA; Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center and Department of Genetics and Development, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA.
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Functional antagonism between ΔNp63α and GCM1 regulates human trophoblast stemness and differentiation. Nat Commun 2022; 13:1626. [PMID: 35338152 PMCID: PMC8956607 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-29312-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The combination of EGF, CHIR99021, A83-01, SB431542, VPA, and Y27632 (EGF/CASVY) facilitates the derivation of trophoblast stem (TS) cells from human blastocysts and first-trimester, but not term, cytotrophoblasts. The mechanism underlying this chemical induction of TS cells remains elusive. Here we demonstrate that the induction efficiency of cytotrophoblast is determined by functional antagonism of the placental transcription factor GCM1 and the stemness regulator ΔNp63α. ΔNp63α reduces GCM1 transcriptional activity, whereas GCM1 inhibits ΔNp63α oligomerization and autoregulation. EGF/CASVY cocktail activates ΔNp63α, thereby partially inhibiting GCM1 activity and reverting term cytotrophoblasts into stem cells. By applying hypoxia condition, we can further reduce GCM1 activity and successfully induce term cytotrophoblasts into TS cells. Consequently, we identify mitochondrial creatine kinase 1 (CKMT1) as a key GCM1 target crucial for syncytiotrophoblast differentiation and reveal decreased CKMT1 expression in preeclampsia. Our study delineates the molecular underpinnings of trophoblast stemness and differentiation and an efficient method to establish TS cells from term placentas. Trophoblast stem cells can be derived from human blastocysts and first-trimester, but not term, cytotrophoblasts. Here the authors show that induction efficiency of cytotrophoblast is determined by antagonism between GCM1 and ΔNp63α and manipulating this antagonism facilitates derivation of TS cells from term placenta.
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Borgo C, D'Amore C, Capurro V, Tomati V, Sondo E, Cresta F, Castellani C, Pedemonte N, Salvi M. Targeting the E1 ubiquitin-activating enzyme (UBA1) improves elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor efficacy towards F508del and rare misfolded CFTR mutants. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:192. [PMID: 35292885 PMCID: PMC8924136 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04215-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The advent of Trikafta (Kaftrio in Europe) (a triple-combination therapy based on two correctors—elexacaftor/tezacaftor—and the potentiator ivacaftor) has represented a revolution for the treatment of patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) carrying the most common misfolding mutation, F508del-CFTR. This therapy has proved to be of great efficacy in people homozygous for F508del-CFTR and is also useful in individuals with a single F508del allele. Nevertheless, the efficacy of this therapy needs to be improved, especially in light of the extent of its use in patients with rare class II CFTR mutations. Using CFBE41o- cells expressing F508del-CFTR, we provide mechanistic evidence that targeting the E1 ubiquitin-activating enzyme (UBA1) by TAK-243, a small molecule in clinical trials for other diseases, boosts the rescue of F508del-CFTR induced by CFTR correctors. Moreover, TAK-243 significantly increases the F508del-CFTR short-circuit current induced by elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor in differentiated human primary airway epithelial cells, a gold standard for the pre-clinical evaluation of patients’ responsiveness to pharmacological treatments. This new combinatory approach also leads to an improvement in CFTR conductance on cells expressing other rare CF-causing mutations, including N1303K, for which Trikafta is not approved. These findings show that Trikafta therapy can be improved by the addition of a drug targeting the misfolding detection machinery at the beginning of the ubiquitination cascade and may pave the way for an extension of Trikafta to low/non-responding rare misfolded CFTR mutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Borgo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Ugo Bassi 58/B, 35131, Padova, Italy.
| | - Claudio D'Amore
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Ugo Bassi 58/B, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Valeria Capurro
- UOC Genetica Medica, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Via Gerolamo Gaslini 5, 16147, Genova, Italy
| | - Valeria Tomati
- UOC Genetica Medica, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Via Gerolamo Gaslini 5, 16147, Genova, Italy
| | - Elvira Sondo
- UOC Genetica Medica, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Via Gerolamo Gaslini 5, 16147, Genova, Italy
| | - Federico Cresta
- Centro Fibrosi Cistica, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - Carlo Castellani
- Centro Fibrosi Cistica, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Pedemonte
- UOC Genetica Medica, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Via Gerolamo Gaslini 5, 16147, Genova, Italy.
| | - Mauro Salvi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Ugo Bassi 58/B, 35131, Padova, Italy.
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89
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The L467F-F508del Complex Allele Hampers Pharmacological Rescue of Mutant CFTR by Elexacaftor/Tezacaftor/Ivacaftor in Cystic Fibrosis Patients: The Value of the Ex Vivo Nasal Epithelial Model to Address Non-Responders to CFTR-Modulating Drugs. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23063175. [PMID: 35328596 PMCID: PMC8952007 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23063175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Loss-of-function mutations of the CFTR gene cause cystic fibrosis (CF) through a variety of molecular mechanisms involving altered expression, trafficking, and/or activity of the CFTR chloride channel. The most frequent mutation among CF patients, F508del, causes multiple defects that can be, however, overcome by a combination of three pharmacological agents that improve CFTR channel trafficking and gating, namely, elexacaftor, tezacaftor, and ivacaftor. This study was prompted by the evidence of two CF patients, compound heterozygous for F508del and a minimal function variant, who failed to obtain any beneficial effects following treatment with the triple drug combination. Functional studies on nasal epithelia generated in vitro from these patients confirmed the lack of response to pharmacological treatment. Molecular characterization highlighted the presence of an additional amino acid substitution, L467F, in cis with the F508del variant, demonstrating that both patients were carriers of a complex allele. Functional and biochemical assays in heterologous expression systems demonstrated that the double mutant L467F-F508del has a severely reduced activity, with negligible rescue by CFTR modulators. While further studies are needed to investigate the actual prevalence of the L467F-F508del allele, our results suggest that this complex allele should be taken into consideration as plausible cause in CF patients not responding to CFTR modulators.
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90
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Hirai H, Liang X, Sun Y, Zhang Y, Zhang J, Chen YE, Mou H, Zhao Y, Xu J. The sodium/glucose cotransporters as potential therapeutic targets for CF lung diseases revealed by human lung organoid swelling assay. Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev 2022; 24:11-19. [PMID: 34977268 PMCID: PMC8666609 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2021.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a lethal autosomal-recessive inherited disease caused by mutations in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene. In the present work, we derived human proximal lung organoids (HLOs) from patient-derived pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) carrying disease-causing CFTR mutations. We evaluated the forskolin (Fsk)-stimulated swellings of these HLOs in the presence of CFTR modulators (VX-770 and/or VX-809) and demonstrated that HLOs respond to CFTR modulators in a mutation-dependent manner. Using this assay, we examined the effects of the sodium-dependent glucose cotransporter 1/2 (SGLT1/2) inhibitor drugs phlorizin and sotagliflozin on the basis of our findings that SGLT1 expression is upregulated in CF HLOs and airway epithelial cells compared with their wild-type counterparts. Unexpectedly, both drugs promoted dF/dF HLO swelling. These results reveal SGLTs, especially SGLT1, as potential therapeutic targets for treating CF lung diseases and demonstrate the use of PSC-derived HLOs as a preclinical tool in CF drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Hirai
- Center for Advanced Models for Translational Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Michigan Medical Center, University of Michigan Medical School, 2800 Plymouth Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Program for Lung and Vascular Biology, Stanley Manne Children’s Research Institute, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Division of Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 303 E. Superior Street, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Xiubin Liang
- Center for Advanced Models for Translational Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Michigan Medical Center, University of Michigan Medical School, 2800 Plymouth Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Yifei Sun
- Center for Advanced Models for Translational Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Michigan Medical Center, University of Michigan Medical School, 2800 Plymouth Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Yihan Zhang
- The Mucosal Immunology & Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Jackson 1402, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Jifeng Zhang
- Center for Advanced Models for Translational Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Michigan Medical Center, University of Michigan Medical School, 2800 Plymouth Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Y. Eugene Chen
- Center for Advanced Models for Translational Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Michigan Medical Center, University of Michigan Medical School, 2800 Plymouth Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Hongmei Mou
- The Mucosal Immunology & Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Jackson 1402, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Youyang Zhao
- Program for Lung and Vascular Biology, Stanley Manne Children’s Research Institute, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Division of Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 303 E. Superior Street, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Jie Xu
- Center for Advanced Models for Translational Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Michigan Medical Center, University of Michigan Medical School, 2800 Plymouth Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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91
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Hishida T, Vazquez-Ferrer E, Hishida-Nozaki Y, Takemoto Y, Hatanaka F, Yoshida K, Prieto J, Sahu SK, Takahashi Y, Reddy P, O’Keefe DD, Rodriguez Esteban C, Knoepfler PS, Nuñez Delicado E, Castells A, Campistol JM, Kato R, Nakagawa H, Izpisua Belmonte JC. Myc Supports Self-Renewal of Basal Cells in the Esophageal Epithelium. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:786031. [PMID: 35309931 PMCID: PMC8931341 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.786031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
It is widely believed that cellular senescence plays a critical role in both aging and cancer, and that senescence is a fundamental, permanent growth arrest that somatic cells cannot avoid. Here we show that Myc plays an important role in self-renewal of esophageal epithelial cells, contributing to their resistance to cellular senescence. Myc is homogeneously expressed in basal cells of the esophageal epithelium and Myc positively regulates their self-renewal by maintaining their undifferentiated state. Indeed, Myc knockout induced a loss of the undifferentiated state of esophageal epithelial cells resulting in cellular senescence while forced MYC expression promoted oncogenic cell proliferation. A superoxide scavenger counteracted Myc knockout-induced senescence, therefore suggesting that a mitochondrial superoxide takes part in inducing senescence. Taken together, these analyses reveal extremely low levels of cellular senescence and senescence-associated phenotypes in the esophageal epithelium, as well as a critical role for Myc in self-renewal of basal cells in this organ. This provides new avenues for studying and understanding the links between stemness and resistance to cellular senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoaki Hishida
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, United States
- Laboratory of Biological Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Eric Vazquez-Ferrer
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Yuriko Hishida-Nozaki
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Yuto Takemoto
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Fumiyuki Hatanaka
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Kei Yoshida
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Javier Prieto
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Sanjeeb Kumar Sahu
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Yuta Takahashi
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Pradeep Reddy
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - David D. O’Keefe
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | | | - Paul S. Knoepfler
- Department of Cell Biology and Human Anatomy, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | | | - Antoni Castells
- Gastroenterology Department, Hospital Clinic, CIBEREHD, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep M. Campistol
- Gastroenterology Department, Hospital Clinic, CIBEREHD, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ryuji Kato
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nakagawa
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Juan Carlos Izpisua Belmonte
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, United States
- *Correspondence: Juan Carlos Izpisua Belmonte,
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92
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Boecking CA, Walentek P, Zlock LT, Sun DI, Wolters PJ, Ishikawa H, Jin BJ, Haggie PM, Marshall WF, Verkman AS, Finkbeiner WE. A simple method to generate human airway epithelial organoids with externally orientated apical membranes. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2022; 322:L420-L437. [PMID: 35080188 PMCID: PMC8917940 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00536.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Organoids, which are self-organizing three-dimensional cultures, provide models that replicate specific cellular components of native tissues or facets of organ complexity. We describe a simple method to generate organoid cultures using isolated human tracheobronchial epithelial cells grown in mixed matrix components and supplemented at day 14 with the Wnt pathway agonist R-spondin 2 (RSPO2) and the bone morphogenic protein antagonist Noggin. In contrast to previous reports, our method produces differentiated tracheobronchospheres with externally orientated apical membranes without pretreatments, providing an epithelial model to study cilia formation and function, disease pathogenesis, and interaction of pathogens with the respiratory mucosa. Starting from 3 × 105 cells, organoid yield at day 28 was 1,720 ± 302. Immunocytochemistry confirmed the cellular localization of airway epithelial markers, including CFTR, Na+/K+ ATPase, acetylated-α-tubulin, E-cadherin, and ZO-1. Compared to native tissues, expression of genes related to bronchial differentiation and ion transport were similar in organoid and air-liquid interface (ALI) cultures. In matched primary cultures, mean organoid cilia length was 6.1 ± 0.2 µm, similar to that of 5.7 ± 0.1 µm in ALI cultures, and ciliary beating was vigorous and coordinated with frequencies of 7.7 ± 0.3 Hz in organoid cultures and 5.3 ± 0.8 Hz in ALI cultures. Functional measurement of osmotically induced volume changes in organoids showed low water permeability. The generation of numerous single testable units from minimal starting material complements prior techniques. This culture system may be useful for studying airway biology and pathophysiology, aiding diagnosis of ciliopathies, and potentially for high-throughput drug screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolin A. Boecking
- 1Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Peter Walentek
- 2Genomics and Development Division, Molecular and Cell Biology Department, University of California, Berkeley, California,3Renal Division, Department of Medicine, University Hospital Freiburg, Freiburg University Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany,4CIBSS – Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, Albert Ludwigs University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Lorna T. Zlock
- 1Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Dingyuan I. Sun
- 1Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Paul J. Wolters
- 5Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Hiroaki Ishikawa
- 6Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Byung-Ju Jin
- 5Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Peter M. Haggie
- 5Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Wallace F. Marshall
- 6Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Alan S. Verkman
- 5Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California,7Department of Physiology, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Walter E. Finkbeiner
- 1Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, California,8Innovative Genomics Institute, University of California, Berkeley, California
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93
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Zhong Z, Wang J, Tian J, Deng X, Balayan A, Sun Y, Xiang Y, Guan J, Schimelman J, Hwang H, You S, Wu X, Ma C, Shi X, Yao E, Deng SX, Chen S. Rapid 3D bioprinting of a multicellular model recapitulating pterygium microenvironment. Biomaterials 2022; 282:121391. [PMID: 35101743 PMCID: PMC10162446 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2022.121391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Pterygium is an ocular surface disorder with high prevalence that can lead to vision impairment. As a pathological outgrowth of conjunctiva, pterygium involves neovascularization and chronic inflammation. Here, we developed a 3D multicellular in vitro pterygium model using a digital light processing (DLP)-based 3D bioprinting platform with human conjunctival stem cells (hCjSCs). A novel feeder-free culture system was adopted and efficiently expanded the primary hCjSCs with homogeneity, stemness and differentiation potency. The DLP-based 3D bioprinting method was able to fabricate hydrogel scaffolds that support the viability and biological integrity of the encapsulated hCjSCs. The bioprinted 3D pterygium model consisted of hCjSCs, immune cells, and vascular cells to recapitulate the disease microenvironment. Transcriptomic analysis using RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) identified a distinct profile correlated to inflammation response, angiogenesis, and epithelial mesenchymal transition in the bioprinted 3D pterygium model. In addition, the pterygium signatures and disease relevance of the bioprinted model were validated with the public RNA-seq data from patient-derived pterygium tissues. By integrating the stem cell technology with 3D bioprinting, this is the first reported 3D in vitro disease model for pterygium that can be utilized for future studies towards personalized medicine and drug screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Zhong
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Jing Tian
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Xiaoqian Deng
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Alis Balayan
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA; School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Yazhi Sun
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Yi Xiang
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Jiaao Guan
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Jacob Schimelman
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Henry Hwang
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Shangting You
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Xiaokang Wu
- School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Chao Ma
- Stein Eye Institute, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Xiaoao Shi
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Emmie Yao
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Sophie X Deng
- Stein Eye Institute, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Shaochen Chen
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
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94
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Wang R, Hume AJ, Beermann ML, Simone-Roach C, Lindstrom-Vautrin J, Le Suer J, Huang J, Olejnik J, Villacorta-Martin C, Bullitt E, Hinds A, Ghaedi M, Rollins S, Werder RB, Abo KM, Wilson AA, Mühlberger E, Kotton DN, Hawkins FJ. Human airway lineages derived from pluripotent stem cells reveal the epithelial responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2022; 322:L462-L478. [PMID: 35020534 PMCID: PMC8917936 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00397.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
There is an urgent need to understand how SARS-CoV-2 infects the airway epithelium and in a subset of individuals leads to severe illness or death. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) provide a near limitless supply of human cells that can be differentiated into cell types of interest, including airway epithelium, for disease modeling. We present a human iPSC-derived airway epithelial platform, composed of the major airway epithelial cell types, that is permissive to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Subsets of iPSC-airway cells express the SARS-CoV-2 entry factors angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), and transmembrane protease serine 2 (TMPRSS2). Multiciliated cells are the primary initial target of SARS-CoV-2 infection. On infection with SARS-CoV-2, iPSC-airway cells generate robust interferon and inflammatory responses, and treatment with remdesivir or camostat mesylate causes a decrease in viral propagation and entry, respectively. In conclusion, iPSC-derived airway cells provide a physiologically relevant in vitro model system to interrogate the pathogenesis of, and develop treatment strategies for, COVID-19 pneumonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruobing Wang
- Center for Regenerative Medicine of Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Adam J Hume
- Department of Microbiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
- National Emerging Infectious Diseases Laboratories, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Mary Lou Beermann
- Center for Regenerative Medicine of Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
- The Pulmonary Center and Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Chantelle Simone-Roach
- Center for Regenerative Medicine of Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Jake Le Suer
- Center for Regenerative Medicine of Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
- The Pulmonary Center and Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jessie Huang
- Center for Regenerative Medicine of Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
- The Pulmonary Center and Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Judith Olejnik
- Department of Microbiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
- National Emerging Infectious Diseases Laboratories, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Carlos Villacorta-Martin
- Center for Regenerative Medicine of Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Esther Bullitt
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Anne Hinds
- The Pulmonary Center and Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Mahboobe Ghaedi
- Research and Early Development Respiratory & Inflammation (R&I), BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, Maryland
| | - Stuart Rollins
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Rhiannon B Werder
- Center for Regenerative Medicine of Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
- The Pulmonary Center and Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Kristine M Abo
- Center for Regenerative Medicine of Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
- The Pulmonary Center and Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Andrew A Wilson
- Center for Regenerative Medicine of Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
- The Pulmonary Center and Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Elke Mühlberger
- Department of Microbiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
- National Emerging Infectious Diseases Laboratories, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Darrell N Kotton
- Center for Regenerative Medicine of Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
- The Pulmonary Center and Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Finn J Hawkins
- Center for Regenerative Medicine of Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
- The Pulmonary Center and Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
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95
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Morgan R, Manfredi C, Easley KF, Watkins LD, Hunt WR, Goudy SL, Sorscher EJ, Koval M, Molina SA. A medium composition containing normal resting glucose that supports differentiation of primary human airway cells. Sci Rep 2022; 12:1540. [PMID: 35087167 PMCID: PMC8795386 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-05446-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary cells isolated from the human respiratory tract are the state-of-the-art for in vitro airway epithelial cell research. Airway cell isolates require media that support expansion of cells in a basal state to maintain the capacity for differentiation as well as proper cellular function. By contrast, airway cell differentiation at an air-liquid interface (ALI) requires a distinct medium formulation that typically contains high levels of glucose. Here, we expanded and differentiated human basal cells isolated from the nasal and conducting airway to a mature mucociliary epithelial cell layer at ALI using a medium formulation containing normal resting glucose levels. Of note, bronchial epithelial cells expanded and differentiated in normal resting glucose medium showed insulin-stimulated glucose uptake which was inhibited by high glucose concentrations. Normal glucose containing ALI also enabled differentiation of nasal and tracheal cells that showed comparable electrophysiological profiles when assessed for cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) function and that remained responsive for up to 7 weeks in culture. These data demonstrate that normal glucose containing medium supports differentiation of primary nasal and lung epithelial cells at ALI, is well suited for metabolic studies, and avoids pitfalls associated with exposure to high glucose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Morgan
- Center for Cystic Fibrosis and Airways Disease Research, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, 205 Whitehead Building, 615 Michael Street, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Candela Manfredi
- Center for Cystic Fibrosis and Airways Disease Research, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy & Immunology, Cystic Fibrosis, and Sleep, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Kristen F Easley
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, 205 Whitehead Building, 615 Michael Street, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Lionel D Watkins
- Center for Cystic Fibrosis and Airways Disease Research, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, 205 Whitehead Building, 615 Michael Street, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - William R Hunt
- Center for Cystic Fibrosis and Airways Disease Research, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, 205 Whitehead Building, 615 Michael Street, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Steven L Goudy
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy & Immunology, Cystic Fibrosis, and Sleep, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Eric J Sorscher
- Center for Cystic Fibrosis and Airways Disease Research, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy & Immunology, Cystic Fibrosis, and Sleep, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Michael Koval
- Center for Cystic Fibrosis and Airways Disease Research, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, 205 Whitehead Building, 615 Michael Street, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
| | - Samuel A Molina
- Center for Cystic Fibrosis and Airways Disease Research, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, 205 Whitehead Building, 615 Michael Street, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
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96
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Ngan SY, Quach HT, Laselva O, Huang EN, Mangos M, Xia S, Bear CE, Wong AP. Stage-Specific Generation of Human Pluripotent Stem Cell Derived Lung Models to Measure CFTR Function. Curr Protoc 2022; 2:e341. [PMID: 35025140 DOI: 10.1002/cpz1.341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Human embryonic stem cells (ES) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) are powerful tools that have the potential to generate in vitro human lung epithelial cells. However, challenges in efficiency and reproducibility remain in utilizing the cells for therapy discovery platforms. Here, we optimize our previously published protocols to efficiently generate three developmental stages of the lung model (fetal lung epithelial progenitors, fLEP; immature airway epithelial spheroid, AES; air-liquid interface culture, ALI), and demonstrate its potential for cystic fibrosis (CF) drug discovery platforms. The stepwise approach directs differentiation from hPSC to definitive endoderm, anterior ventral foregut endoderm, and fetal lung progenitor cells. The article also describes the generation of immature airway epithelial spheroids in Matrigel with epithelial cells sorted by a magnetic-activated cell sorting system, and the generation of adult-like airway epithelia through air-liquid interface conditions. We demonstrate that this optimized procedure generates remarkably higher cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) expression and function than our previous method, and thus is uniquely suitable for CF research applications. © 2022 The Authors. Current Protocols published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. Basic Protocol 1: hESC/hiPSC differentiation to fetal lung progenitors Basic Protocol 2: Formation of airway epithelial spheroids Alternate Protocol 1: Cryopreservation of airway epithelial spheroids Basic Protocol 3: Differentiation and maturation in air-liquid interface culture Alternate Protocol 2: Differentiation and maturation of epithelial progenitors from airway epithelial spheroids in ALI culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuk Yee Ngan
- Program in Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Henry T Quach
- Program in Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Onofrio Laselva
- Program in Molecular Medicine, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Puglia, Italy
| | - Elena N Huang
- Program in Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Maria Mangos
- Program in Molecular Medicine, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sunny Xia
- Program in Molecular Medicine, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Christine E Bear
- Program in Molecular Medicine, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Amy P Wong
- Program in Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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97
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Sun X, Perl AK, Li R, Bell SM, Sajti E, Kalinichenko VV, Kalin TV, Misra RS, Deshmukh H, Clair G, Kyle J, Crotty Alexander LE, Masso-Silva JA, Kitzmiller JA, Wikenheiser-Brokamp KA, Deutsch G, Guo M, Du Y, Morley MP, Valdez MJ, Yu HV, Jin K, Bardes EE, Zepp JA, Neithamer T, Basil MC, Zacharias WJ, Verheyden J, Young R, Bandyopadhyay G, Lin S, Ansong C, Adkins J, Salomonis N, Aronow BJ, Xu Y, Pryhuber G, Whitsett J, Morrisey EE. A census of the lung: CellCards from LungMAP. Dev Cell 2022; 57:112-145.e2. [PMID: 34936882 PMCID: PMC9202574 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2021.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The human lung plays vital roles in respiration, host defense, and basic physiology. Recent technological advancements such as single-cell RNA sequencing and genetic lineage tracing have revealed novel cell types and enriched functional properties of existing cell types in lung. The time has come to take a new census. Initiated by members of the NHLBI-funded LungMAP Consortium and aided by experts in the lung biology community, we synthesized current data into a comprehensive and practical cellular census of the lung. Identities of cell types in the normal lung are captured in individual cell cards with delineation of function, markers, developmental lineages, heterogeneity, regenerative potential, disease links, and key experimental tools. This publication will serve as the starting point of a live, up-to-date guide for lung research at https://www.lungmap.net/cell-cards/. We hope that Lung CellCards will promote the community-wide effort to establish, maintain, and restore respiratory health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Sun
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Department of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
| | - Anne-Karina Perl
- Division of Neonatology and Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 3230 Eden Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Rongbo Li
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Sheila M Bell
- Division of Neonatology and Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Eniko Sajti
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Vladimir V Kalinichenko
- Division of Neonatology and Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 3230 Eden Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA; Center for Lung Regenerative Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Tanya V Kalin
- Division of Neonatology and Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 3230 Eden Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Ravi S Misra
- Department of Pediatrics Division of Neonatology, The University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Hitesh Deshmukh
- Division of Neonatology and Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 3230 Eden Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Geremy Clair
- Biological Science Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Jennifer Kyle
- Biological Science Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Laura E Crotty Alexander
- Deparment of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Jorge A Masso-Silva
- Deparment of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Joseph A Kitzmiller
- Division of Neonatology and Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Kathryn A Wikenheiser-Brokamp
- Division of Neonatology and Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Division of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 3230 Eden Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Gail Deutsch
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Laboratories, Seattle Children's Hospital, OC.8.720, 4800 Sand Point Way Northeast, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - Minzhe Guo
- Division of Neonatology and Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 3230 Eden Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Yina Du
- Division of Neonatology and Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Michael P Morley
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Michael J Valdez
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Haoze V Yu
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Kang Jin
- Departments of Biomedical Informatics, Developmental Biology, and Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Eric E Bardes
- Departments of Biomedical Informatics, Developmental Biology, and Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Jarod A Zepp
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Terren Neithamer
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Maria C Basil
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - William J Zacharias
- Division of Neonatology and Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 3230 Eden Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Jamie Verheyden
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Randee Young
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Gautam Bandyopadhyay
- Department of Pediatrics Division of Neonatology, The University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Sara Lin
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Charles Ansong
- Biological Science Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Joshua Adkins
- Biological Science Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Nathan Salomonis
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 3230 Eden Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA; Division of Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Bruce J Aronow
- Departments of Biomedical Informatics, Developmental Biology, and Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Yan Xu
- Division of Neonatology and Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 3230 Eden Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Gloria Pryhuber
- Department of Pediatrics Division of Neonatology, The University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Jeff Whitsett
- Division of Neonatology and Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 3230 Eden Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Edward E Morrisey
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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98
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Vaidyanathan S, Baik R, Chen L, Bravo DT, Suarez CJ, Abazari SM, Salahudeen AA, Dudek AM, Teran CA, Davis TH, Lee CM, Bao G, Randell SH, Artandi SE, Wine JJ, Kuo CJ, Desai TJ, Nayak JV, Sellers ZM, Porteus MH. Targeted replacement of full-length CFTR in human airway stem cells by CRISPR-Cas9 for pan-mutation correction in the endogenous locus. Mol Ther 2022; 30:223-237. [PMID: 33794364 PMCID: PMC8753290 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2021.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a monogenic disease caused by impaired production and/or function of the CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein. Although we have previously shown correction of the most common pathogenic mutation, there are many other pathogenic mutations throughout the CF gene. An autologous airway stem cell therapy in which the CFTR cDNA is precisely inserted into the CFTR locus may enable the development of a durable cure for almost all CF patients, irrespective of the causal mutation. Here, we use CRISPR-Cas9 and two adeno-associated viruses (AAVs) carrying the two halves of the CFTR cDNA to sequentially insert the full CFTR cDNA along with a truncated CD19 (tCD19) enrichment tag in upper airway basal stem cells (UABCs) and human bronchial epithelial cells (HBECs). The modified cells were enriched to obtain 60%-80% tCD19+ UABCs and HBECs from 11 different CF donors with a variety of mutations. Differentiated epithelial monolayers cultured at air-liquid interface showed restored CFTR function that was >70% of the CFTR function in non-CF controls. Thus, our study enables the development of a therapy for almost all CF patients, including patients who cannot be treated using recently approved modulator therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ron Baik
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Lu Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Dawn T Bravo
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Carlos J Suarez
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Shayda M Abazari
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Ameen A Salahudeen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Amanda M Dudek
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | | | - Timothy H Davis
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Ciaran M Lee
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Gang Bao
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Scott H Randell
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Steven E Artandi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Jeffrey J Wine
- Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Calvin J Kuo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Tushar J Desai
- Department of Internal Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Jayakar V Nayak
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Zachary M Sellers
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Matthew H Porteus
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
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99
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Foote AG, Lungova V, Thibeault SL. Piezo1-expressing vocal fold epithelia modulate remodeling via effects on self-renewal and cytokeratin differentiation. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:591. [PMID: 36376494 PMCID: PMC9663367 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04622-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Mechanoreceptors are implicated as functional afferents within mucosa of the airways and the recent discovery of mechanosensitive channels Piezo1 and Piezo2 has proved essential for cells of various mechanically sensitive tissues. However, the role for Piezo1/2 in vocal fold (VF) mucosal epithelia, a cell that withstands excessive biomechanical insult, remains unknown. The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that Piezo1 is required for VF mucosal repair pathways of epithelial cell injury. Utilizing a sonic hedgehog (shh) Cre line for epithelial-specific ablation of Piezo1/2 mechanoreceptors, we investigated 6wk adult VF mucosa following naphthalene exposure for repair strategies at 1, 3, 7 and 14 days post-injury (dpi). PIEZO1 localized to differentiated apical epithelia and was paramount for epithelial remodeling events. Injury to wildtype epithelium was most appreciated at 3 dpi. Shhcre/+; Piezo1loxP/loxP, Piezo2 loxP/+ mutant epithelium exhibited severe cell/nuclear defects compared to injured controls. Conditional ablation of Piezo1 and/or Piezo2 to uninjured VF epithelium did not result in abnormal phenotypes across P0, P15 and 6wk postnatal stages compared to heterozygote and control tissue. Results demonstrate a role for Piezo1-expressing VF epithelia in regulating self-renewal via effects on p63 transcription and YAP subcellular translocation-altering cytokeratin differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander G. Foote
- Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Vlasta Lungova
- Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Susan L. Thibeault
- Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Wisconsin, USA
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100
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Walentek P. Signaling Control of Mucociliary Epithelia: Stem Cells, Cell Fates, and the Plasticity of Cell Identity in Development and Disease. Cells Tissues Organs 2022; 211:736-753. [PMID: 33902038 PMCID: PMC8546001 DOI: 10.1159/000514579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Mucociliary epithelia are composed of multiciliated, secretory, and stem cells and line various organs in vertebrates such as the respiratory tract. By means of mucociliary clearance, those epithelia provide a first line of defense against inhaled particles and pathogens. Mucociliary clearance relies on the correct composition of cell types, that is, the proper balance of ciliated and secretory cells. A failure to generate and to maintain correct cell type composition and function results in impaired clearance and high risk to infections, such as in congenital diseases (e.g., ciliopathies) as well as in acquired diseases, including asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). While it remains incompletely resolved how precisely cell types are specified and maintained in development and disease, many studies have revealed important mechanisms regarding the signaling control in mucociliary cell types in various species. Those studies not only provided insights into the signaling contribution to organ development and regeneration but also highlighted the remarkable plasticity of cell identity encountered in mucociliary maintenance, including frequent trans-differentiation events during homeostasis and specifically in disease. This review will summarize major findings and provide perspectives regarding the future of mucociliary research and the treatment of chronic airway diseases associated with tissue remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Walentek
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, University Hospital Freiburg, Freiburg University Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany.,CIBSS - Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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