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Bertino B, Blanchet‐Réthoré S, Thibaut de Ménonville S, Reynier P, Méhul B, Bogouch A, Gamboa B, Dugaret AS, Zugaj D, Petit L, Roquet M, Piwnica D, Vial E, Bourdès V, Voegel JJ, Nonne C. Brimonidine displays anti‐inflammatory properties in the skin through the modulation of the vascular barrier function. Exp Dermatol 2018; 27:1378-1387. [DOI: 10.1111/exd.13793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Bruno Méhul
- GALDERMA R&D‐Nestlé Skin Health Sophia Antipolis France
| | | | | | | | - Didier Zugaj
- GALDERMA R&D‐Nestlé Skin Health Sophia Antipolis France
| | - Laurent Petit
- GALDERMA R&D‐Nestlé Skin Health Sophia Antipolis France
| | - Manon Roquet
- GALDERMA R&D‐Nestlé Skin Health Sophia Antipolis France
| | - David Piwnica
- GALDERMA R&D‐Nestlé Skin Health Sophia Antipolis France
| | - Emmanuel Vial
- GALDERMA R&D‐Nestlé Skin Health Sophia Antipolis France
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52
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Mueller S, Fischer M, Herger S, Nüesch C, Egloff C, Itin P, Cajacob L, Brandt O, Mündermann A. Good vibrations: Itch induction by whole body vibration exercise without the need of a pruritogen. Exp Dermatol 2018; 28:1390-1396. [DOI: 10.1111/exd.13776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2018] [Revised: 08/11/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Simon Mueller
- Department of DermatologyUniversity Hospital Basel Basel Switzerland
| | - Marilena Fischer
- Department of DermatologyUniversity Hospital Basel Basel Switzerland
- Department of Orthopaedics and TraumatologyUniversity Hospital Basel Basel Switzerland
| | - Simon Herger
- Department of Orthopaedics and TraumatologyUniversity Hospital Basel Basel Switzerland
| | - Corina Nüesch
- Department of Orthopaedics and TraumatologyUniversity Hospital Basel Basel Switzerland
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of Basel Basel Switzerland
| | - Christian Egloff
- Department of Orthopaedics and TraumatologyUniversity Hospital Basel Basel Switzerland
| | - Peter Itin
- Department of DermatologyUniversity Hospital Basel Basel Switzerland
| | - Lucian Cajacob
- Department of DermatologyUniversity Hospital Basel Basel Switzerland
| | - Oliver Brandt
- Department of DermatologyUniversity Hospital Basel Basel Switzerland
| | - Annegret Mündermann
- Department of Orthopaedics and TraumatologyUniversity Hospital Basel Basel Switzerland
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of Basel Basel Switzerland
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53
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Yin X, Cai Q, Song R, He X, Lu P. Relationship between filtering bleb vascularization and surgical outcomes after trabeculectomy: an optical coherence tomography angiography study. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2018; 256:2399-2405. [PMID: 30209568 DOI: 10.1007/s00417-018-4136-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Revised: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To explore the relationship between the bleb vasculature and surgical outcome after trabeculectomy (TRAB) using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A). METHODS A prospective study was conducted, which included 26 eyes of 26 primary glaucoma patients in the final analysis. Thereinto, six patients underwent TRAB combined 5-FU and 12 patients received subconjunctival 5-FU injection postoperation. The bleb vessel was evaluated using OCT-A 1 week, 2 weeks, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months after TRAB. Intraocular pressure (IOP), filtering bleb height, and bleb wall thickness were recorded at the same time. Pearson's correlation analysis and linear regression analysis were performed to determine the correlation of the vessel area data with other parameters. RESULTS Compared with vessel area 1 week after surgery, there was significant increase of the vessel area (△vessel area) 2 weeks (11.13 ± 11.91%, p < 0.05) and 1 month (16.91 ± 14.85%, p < 0.0001) after surgery in all patients. The △vessel area was significantly greater in acute angle closure (AAC) and primary angle closure glaucoma (PACG) 1-month post-TRAB as compared with that 1 week (p < 0.05). The results indicated that the △vessel area 1-month post-TRAB was positive correlated with IOP 6-month post-TRAB (β = 3.88, p = 0.042). CONCLUSIONS Filtering bleb vascularization evaluation using OCT-A could potentially predict IOP 6-month post-TRAB. Surgery effect predicted by filtering bleb vascularization detection is conducive to the select specific postoperative intervention to improve the success rate of TRAB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Yin
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Shizi Street 188, Suzhou, 21006, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Qinhua Cai
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Shizi Street 188, Suzhou, 21006, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Run Song
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Shizi Street 188, Suzhou, 21006, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xuefei He
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Shizi Street 188, Suzhou, 21006, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Peirong Lu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Shizi Street 188, Suzhou, 21006, Jiangsu Province, China.
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54
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Alencar-Silva T, Braga MC, Santana GOS, Saldanha-Araujo F, Pogue R, Dias SC, Franco OL, Carvalho JL. Breaking the frontiers of cosmetology with antimicrobial peptides. Biotechnol Adv 2018; 36:2019-2031. [PMID: 30118811 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2018.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Revised: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are mostly endogenous, cationic, amphipathic polypeptides, produced by many natural sources. Recently, many biological functions beyond antimicrobial activity have been attributed to AMPs, and some of these have attracted the attention of the cosmetics industry. AMPs have revealed antioxidant, self-renewal and pro-collagen effects, which are desirable in anti-aging cosmetics. Additionally, AMPs may also be customized to act on specific cellular targets. Here, we review the recent literature that highlights the many possibilities presented by AMPs, focusing on the relevance and impact that this potentially novel class of active cosmetic ingredients might have in the near future, creating new market outlooks for the cosmetic industry with these molecules as a viable alternative to conventional cosmetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thuany Alencar-Silva
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Mariana Carolina Braga
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Oliveira Silva Santana
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Felipe Saldanha-Araujo
- Laboratório de Farmacologia Molecular, Departamento de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade de Brasília, Brasilia, DF, Brazil; Programa de Pós-graduação em Patologia Molecular, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Robert Pogue
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Simoni Campos Dias
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil; Universidade de Brasília, Pós-Graduação em Biologia Animal, Campus Darcy Ribeiro, Brasília/DF, 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Octavio Luiz Franco
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil; S-Inova Biotech, Pós-graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Dom Bosco, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil; Programa de Pós-graduação em Patologia Molecular, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil; Centro de Análises Proteômicas e Bioquímicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília-DF, Brazil
| | - Juliana Lott Carvalho
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil.
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55
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Hong X, Jiang S, Marmolejo N, Vangipuram R, Ramos-Rojas E, Yuan Y, Lin ZT, Li Y, Qiu J, Xing Y, Haley C, Tyring SK, Wu T. Serum vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 3 as a potential biomarker in psoriasis. Exp Dermatol 2018; 27:1053-1057. [PMID: 29957828 DOI: 10.1111/exd.13727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
To discover novel biomarkers of psoriasis, a target-specific antibody array screening of serum samples from psoriasis patients was initially performed. The results revealed that vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 3 (VEGFR-3) was significantly elevated in the sera of psoriasis patients, compared to healthy controls. Next, ELISA validation studies in a larger cohort of psoriasis patients (N = 73) were conducted, which confirmed that serum VEGFR-3 was indeed significantly increased in patients with psoriasis compared to healthy controls (P < 0.001). Furthermore, receiver operating characteristic curve analysis demonstrated that serum VEGFR-3 exhibited potential in distinguishing healthy controls from psoriasis patients: area under the curve = 0.85, P < 0.001. In addition, serum levels of VEGFR-3 were correlated with Psoriasis Area Severity Index scores (R = 0.32, P = 0.008) in psoriasis patients. Interestingly, serum VEGFR-3 levels were significantly elevated in psoriatic arthritis compared to non-psoriatic arthritis (P = 0.026). A pilot longitudinal study demonstrated that serum levels of VEGFR-3 could reflect disease progression in psoriasis. Collectively, serum VEGFR-3 may have a clinical value in monitoring disease activity of psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Hong
- Department of Nursing, Fujian Health College, Fuzhou, China.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Shan Jiang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas.,Department of Dermatology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Nancy Marmolejo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Ramya Vangipuram
- Center for Clinical Studies, Webster, Texas.,Department of Dermatology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas
| | | | - Yulin Yuan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas.,Department of Clinical Laboratory, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Zuan-Tao Lin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Yaxi Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Jingyi Qiu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Yikun Xing
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas
| | | | - Stephen K Tyring
- Center for Clinical Studies, Webster, Texas.,Department of Dermatology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Tianfu Wu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas
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56
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Di Francesco S, Savio M, Bloise N, Borroni G, Stivala LA, Borroni RG. Red grape (Vitis vinifera L.) flavonoids down-regulate collagen type III expression after UV-A in primary human dermal blood endothelial cells. Exp Dermatol 2018; 27:973-980. [PMID: 29742305 DOI: 10.1111/exd.13682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Red grape (Vitis vinifera L.) flavonoids including flavan-3-ols (eg, catechin and epicatechin), flavonols (eg, quercetin) and anthocyanins (eg, malvidin) exert anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. In the skin they also have a photoprotective action, and their effects have been extensively investigated in keratinocytes, melanocytes and fibroblasts. Despite their known effects also on blood vasculature, little is known on their activities on human dermal blood endothelial cells (HDBECs), which are critically involved in skin homeostasis as well as in the pathogenesis of neoplastic and inflammatory skin diseases. We sought to study the biological effects of selected red grape flavonoids in preventing the consequences of ultraviolet (UV)-A irradiation in vitro. Our results show that red grape flavonoids prevent UV-A-induced sICAM-1 release in HDBECs, suggesting that this cell type could represent an additional target of the anti-inflammatory activity of flavonoids. In addition, flavonoids effectively inhibited UV-A-induced synthesis of collagen type III at both RNA and protein level, indicating that dermal blood microvasculature could be actively involved in ECM remodelling as a consequence of skin photo-ageing, and that this can be prevented by red grape flavonoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Di Francesco
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Immunology and General Pathology Unit, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Monica Savio
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Immunology and General Pathology Unit, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Nora Bloise
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Biochemistry Unit, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.,Centre for Health Technologies (CHT), UdR INSTM, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.,Department of Occupational Medicine, Toxicology and Environmental Risks, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, IRCCS, Pavia, Italy
| | - Giovanni Borroni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Clinico-Chirurgiche, Diagnostiche e Pediatriche, Università di Pavia, Pavia, Italy.,Dermatology, Fondazione I.R.C.C.S. Policlinico "San Matteo", Pavia, Italy
| | - Lucia Anna Stivala
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Immunology and General Pathology Unit, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Riccardo G Borroni
- Dermatology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Italy
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57
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Pupovac A, Senturk B, Griffoni C, Maniura-Weber K, Rottmar M, McArthur SL. Toward Immunocompetent 3D Skin Models. Adv Healthc Mater 2018. [PMID: 29542274 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201701405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
3D human skin models provide a platform for toxicity testing, biomaterials evaluation, and investigation of fundamental biological processes. However, the majority of current in vitro models lack an inflammatory system, vasculature, and other characteristics of native skin, indicating scope for more physiologically complex models. Looking at the immune system, there are a variety of cells that could be integrated to create novel skin models, but to do this effectively it is also necessary to understand the interface between skin biology and tissue engineering as well as the different roles the immune system plays in specific health and disease states. Here, a progress report on skin immunity and current immunocompetent skin models with a focus on construction methods is presented; scaffold and cell choice as well as the requirements of physiologically relevant models are elaborated. The wide range of technological and fundamental challenges that need to be addressed to successfully generate immunocompetent skin models and the steps currently being made globally by researchers as they develop new models are explored. Induced pluripotent stem cells, microfluidic platforms to control the model environment, and new real-time monitoring techniques capable of probing biochemical processes within the models are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleta Pupovac
- Faculty of Science; Engineering and Technology; Swinburne University of Technology; Hawthorn Victoria 3122 Australia
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO); Probing Biosystems Future Science Platform and Manufacturing; Clayton Victoria 3168 Australia
| | - Berna Senturk
- Laboratory for Biointerfaces; Empa; Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology; 9014 St. Gallen Switzerland
| | - Chiara Griffoni
- Laboratory for Biointerfaces; Empa; Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology; 9014 St. Gallen Switzerland
| | - Katharina Maniura-Weber
- Laboratory for Biointerfaces; Empa; Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology; 9014 St. Gallen Switzerland
| | - Markus Rottmar
- Laboratory for Biointerfaces; Empa; Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology; 9014 St. Gallen Switzerland
| | - Sally L. McArthur
- Faculty of Science; Engineering and Technology; Swinburne University of Technology; Hawthorn Victoria 3122 Australia
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO); Probing Biosystems Future Science Platform and Manufacturing; Clayton Victoria 3168 Australia
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58
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Jonker EFF, van Ravenhorst MB, Berbers GAM, Visser LG. Safety and immunogenicity of fractional dose intradermal injection of two quadrivalent conjugated meningococcal vaccines. Vaccine 2018; 36:3727-3732. [PMID: 29778515 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2018.05.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Revised: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vaccination with conjugated meningococcal vaccines is the best way to prevent invasive meningococcal disease. Changes in serogroup epidemiology have led to the inclusion of quadrivalent vaccines in the national immunization programs of several countries, but vaccines are frequently in short supply. Intradermal administration has the potential to increase vaccine availability through dose reduction, without sacrificing efficacy. It has never before been investigated for glycoconjugate meningococcal vaccines. METHODS Different fractional doses of two quadrivalent meningococcal conjugate vaccines (MenACWY-CRM197 (Menveo®) and MenACWY-TT (Nimenrix®)) were administered intradermally to sequential groups of 4 participants, according to an adaptive dose escalation design, starting at 1/10th of the original dose. Booster doses were given after 4-6 months based on interim serology results using a multiplex bead-based assay (MIA). Final analyses were based on serum bactericidal antibody titers (rSBA). RESULTS A total of 12 subjects were enrolled (average 25 years old, range 19-48). MenACWY-CRM197 became unavailable during the course of the study and was only evaluated for a 1/10th dose. This dose resulted in less than complete seroprotection for serogroup A but complete protection against the other serogroups. MenACWY-TT was evaluated for a 1/10th and 1/5th dose level. Both fractional doses of MenACWY-TT resulted in complete seroprotection against all vaccine serogroups. Geometric mean titers 1 month after vaccination were lower and decayed faster in the MenACWY-CRM197 group. Adverse events were mild and there were no serious adverse events. CONCLUSION Fractional intradermal vaccination against meningococcal disease with quadrivalent conjugate vaccine appears to be safe and effective in our small dose finding study. Tetanus toxoid conjugated vaccine (Nimenrix®) shows a trend towards higher antibody levels compared to CRM197-conjugated vaccine (Menveo®). The 1/5th fractional dose of MenACWY-TT appears to result in higher antibody levels than does the 1/10th dose. These results can be used for a larger non-inferiority study. This trial was registered in clinicaltrials.gov under NCT01782066.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emile F F Jonker
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Mariëtte B van Ravenhorst
- Center for Infectious Disease Control (CIb), National Institute of Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Antonie van Leeuwenhoeklaan 9, 3721 MA Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Guy A M Berbers
- Center for Infectious Disease Control (CIb), National Institute of Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Antonie van Leeuwenhoeklaan 9, 3721 MA Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Leo G Visser
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands.
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Byers RA, Maiti R, Danby SG, Pang EJ, Mitchell B, Carré MJ, Lewis R, Cork MJ, Matcher SJ. Sub-clinical assessment of atopic dermatitis severity using angiographic optical coherence tomography. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2018; 9:2001-2017. [PMID: 29675335 PMCID: PMC5905940 DOI: 10.1364/boe.9.002001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2017] [Revised: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 03/06/2018] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Measurement of sub-clinical atopic dermatitis (AD) is important for determining how long therapies should be continued after clinical clearance of visible AD lesions. An important biomarker of sub-clinical AD is epidermal hypertrophy, the structural measures of which often make optical coherence tomography (OCT) challenging due to the lack of a clearly delineated dermal-epidermal junction in AD patients. Alternatively, angiographic OCT measurements of vascular depth and morphology may represent a robust biomarker for quantifying the severity of clinical and sub-clinical AD. To investigate this, angiographic data sets were acquired from 32 patients with a range of AD severities. Deeper vascular layers within skin were found to correlate with increasing clinical severity. Furthermore, for AD patients exhibiting no clinical symptoms, the superficial plexus depth was found to be significantly deeper than healthy patients at both the elbow (p = 0.04) and knee (p<0.001), suggesting that sub-clinical changes in severity can be detected. Furthermore, the morphology of vessels appeared altered in patients with severe AD, with significantly different vessel diameter, length, density and fractal dimension. These metrics provide valuable insight into the sub-clinical severity of the condition, allowing the effects of treatments to be monitored past the point of clinical remission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert A. Byers
- Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Raman Maiti
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Simon G. Danby
- Sheffield Dermatology Research, Department of Infection, Immunity & Cardiovascular Disease, The Royal Hallamshire Hospital, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Elaine J. Pang
- Sheffield Dermatology Research, Department of Infection, Immunity & Cardiovascular Disease, The Royal Hallamshire Hospital, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Bethany Mitchell
- Sheffield Dermatology Research, Department of Infection, Immunity & Cardiovascular Disease, The Royal Hallamshire Hospital, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Matt J. Carré
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Roger Lewis
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Michael J. Cork
- Sheffield Dermatology Research, Department of Infection, Immunity & Cardiovascular Disease, The Royal Hallamshire Hospital, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Stephen J. Matcher
- Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
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60
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Borelli C, Becker B, Thude S, Fehrenbacher B, Isermann D. Dermasence refining gel modulates pathogenetic factors of rosacea in vitro. J Cosmet Dermatol 2017; 16:e31-e36. [DOI: 10.1111/jocd.12323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C Borelli
- Unit of Esthetic and Laser; Department of Dermatology; Eberhard-Karls-Universiy of Tuebingen; Tuebingen Germany
| | - B Becker
- MolCare Consulting; Wiesent Germany
| | - S Thude
- Fraunhofer Institute for Interfacial Engineering and Biotechnology IGB; Stuttgart Germany
| | - B Fehrenbacher
- Unit of Esthetic and Laser; Department of Dermatology; Eberhard-Karls-Universiy of Tuebingen; Tuebingen Germany
| | - D Isermann
- P&M Cosmetics GmbH & Co. KG; Münster Germany
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61
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Hanssen SCA, Hendriks AGM, Keijsers RMC, van Erp PEJ, van der Vleuten CJM, Seyger MMB, van de Kerkhof PCM. Response of the Endothelium to the Epicutaneous Application of Leukotriene B4. Skin Pharmacol Physiol 2017; 30:306-314. [PMID: 29050008 DOI: 10.1159/000481204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vascular changes, both endothelial and functional, are crucial events in inflammatory responses. OBJECTIVES To investigate the dynamics of endothelial cell (EC) and functional changes during acute inflammation in an in vivo model of the skin using leukotriene B4. METHODS EC proliferation, vascular network size, vessel diameter (VD), and hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α were studied by immunohistochemical CD31/Ki67 double staining and single staining of HIF-1α. Cutaneous perfusion (CP) was assessed using the Twente Optical Perfusion Camera. RESULTS The initial phase illustrated an increase in VD, Ki67+ EC, and HIF-1α expression and late-phase vascular expansion. The HIF-1α and Ki67+ EC expression was limited. CP and VD were augmented after 24 h. CONCLUSION The early phase of inflammation is characterized by EC proliferation and HIF-1α expression. Vascular expansion continues over time. CP and VD are seen in both phases of inflammation. Angiogenesis, vascular network formation, and perfusion are time-dependent processes which are mutually related during inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabina C A Hanssen
- Department of Dermatology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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62
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Santiesteban DY, Dumani DS, Profili D, Emelianov SY. Copper Sulfide Perfluorocarbon Nanodroplets as Clinically Relevant Photoacoustic/Ultrasound Imaging Agents. NANO LETTERS 2017; 17:5984-5989. [PMID: 28926263 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.7b02105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
We have developed laser-activated perfluorocarbon nanodroplets containing copper sulfide nanoparticles (CuS NPs) for contrast-enhanced ultrasound and photoacoustic imaging. As potential clinical contrast agents, CuS NPs have favorable properties including biocompatibility, biodegradability, and enhance contrast in photoacoustic images at clinically relevant depths. However, CuS NPs are not efficient optical absorbers when compared to plasmonic nanoparticles and therefore, contrast enhancement with CuS NPs is limited, requiring high concentrations to generate images with sufficient signal-to-noise ratio. We have combined CuS NPs with laser-activated perfluorocarbon nanodroplets (PFCnDs) to achieve enhanced photoacoustic contrast and, more importantly, ultrasound contrast while retaining the favorable clinical characteristics of CuS NPs. The imaging characteristics of synthesized CuS-PFCnD constructs were first tested in tissue-mimicking phantoms and then in in vivo murine models. The results demonstrate that CuS-PFCnDs enhance contrast in photoacoustic (PA) and ultrasound (US) imaging. Upon systemic administration in vivo, CuS-PFCnDs remain stable and their unique vaporization provides sufficient PA/US contrast that can be further exploited for contrast-enhanced background-free imaging. The conducted studies provide a solid foundation for further development of CuS-PFCnDs as PA/US diagnostic and eventually therapeutic agents for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Y Santiesteban
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University School of Medicine , Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology , Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Diego S Dumani
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University School of Medicine , Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology , Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Daniel Profili
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University School of Medicine , Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Stanislav Y Emelianov
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University School of Medicine , Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology , Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
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63
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Blauvelt A, Muram TM, See K, Mallinckrodt CH, Crowley JJ, van de Kerkhof P. Improvements in psoriasis within different body regions vary over time following treatment with ixekizumab. J DERMATOL TREAT 2017; 29:220-229. [DOI: 10.1080/09546634.2017.1365114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Evidence for biochemical barrier restoration: Topical solenopsin analogs improve inflammation and acanthosis in the KC-Tie2 mouse model of psoriasis. Sci Rep 2017; 7:11198. [PMID: 28894119 PMCID: PMC5593857 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-10580-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease affecting 2.5–6 million patients in the United States. The cause of psoriasis remains unknown. Previous human and animal studies suggest that patients with a susceptible genetic background and some stimulus, such as barrier disruption, leads to a coordinated signaling events involving cytokines between keratinocytes, endothelial cells, T cells, macrophages and dendritic cells. Ceramides are endogenous skin lipids essential for maintaining skin barrier function and loss of ceramides may underlie inflammatory and premalignant skin. Ceramides act as a double-edged sword, promoting normal skin homeostasis in the native state, but can be metabolized to sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), linked to inflammation and tumorigenesis. To overcome this difficulty, we synthesized solenopsin analogs which biochemically act as ceramides, but cannot be metabolized to S1P. We assess their in vivo bioactivity in a well-established mouse model of psoriasis, the KC-Tie2 mouse. Topical solenopsin derivatives normalized cutaneous hyperplasia in this model, decreased T cell infiltration, interleukin (IL)-22 transcription, and reversed the upregulation of calprotectin and Toll-like receptor (TLR) 4 in inflamed skin. Finally, they stimulated interleukin (IL)-12 production in skin dendritic cells. Thus suggesting barrier restoration has both a biochemical and physical component, and both are necessary for optimal barrier restoration.
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Hopkins TM, Little KJ, Vennemeyer JJ, Triozzi JL, Turgeon MK, Heilman AM, Minteer D, Marra K, Hom DB, Pixley SK. Short and long gap peripheral nerve repair with magnesium metal filaments. J Biomed Mater Res A 2017; 105:3148-3158. [PMID: 28782170 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.36176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2017] [Revised: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
A current clinical challenge is to replace autografts for repair of injury gaps in peripheral nerves, which can occur due to trauma or surgical interruption. Biodegradable metallic magnesium filaments, placed inside hollow nerve conduits, could support nerve repair by providing contact guidance support for axonal regeneration. This was tested by repairing sciatic nerves of adult rats with single magnesium filaments placed inside poly(caprolactone) nerve conduits. Controls were empty conduits, conduits containing titanium filaments and/or isografts from donor rats. With a nerve gap of 6 mm and 6 weeks post-repair, magnesium filaments had partially resorbed. Regenerating cells had attached to the filaments and axons were observed in distal stumps in all animals. Axon parameters were improved with magnesium compared to conduits alone or conduits with single titanium filaments. With a longer gap of 15 mm and 16 weeks post-repair, functional parameters were improved with isografts, but not with magnesium filaments or empty conduits. Magnesium filaments were completely resorbed and no evidence of scarring was seen. While axon outgrowth was not improved with the longer gap, histological measures of the tissues were improved with magnesium compared to empty conduits. Therefore, the use of magnesium filaments is promising because they are biocompatible and improve aspects of nerve regeneration. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 105A: 3148-3158, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tracy M Hopkins
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 231 Albert Sabin Way, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267
| | - Kevin J Little
- Division of Pediatric Orthopaedics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Ave, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229
| | - John J Vennemeyer
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 231 Albert Sabin Way, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267
| | - Jefferson L Triozzi
- Student Affairs, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 231 Albert Sabin Way, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267
| | - Michael K Turgeon
- Student Affairs, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 231 Albert Sabin Way, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267
| | - Alexander M Heilman
- Student Affairs, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 231 Albert Sabin Way, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267
| | - D Minteer
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, 3380 Boulevard of the Allies, Suite 138, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213
| | - K Marra
- Departments of Plastic Surgery and Bioengineering, 1655E BST, University of Pittsburgh, 200 Lothrop St., Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261
| | - David B Hom
- Division of Facial Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 231 Albert Sabin Way, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267
| | - Sarah K Pixley
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 231 Albert Sabin Way, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267
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66
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Li XJ, Liu P, Tian WW, Li ZF, Liu BG, Sun JF. Mechanisms of CXCR7 induction in malignant melanoma development. Oncol Lett 2017; 14:4106-4114. [PMID: 28943917 PMCID: PMC5592871 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.6720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2015] [Accepted: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Malignant melanoma (MM) is a highly malignant skin tumor. The mechanism of MM pathogenesis and its signaling pathways are not well characterized. C-X-C chemokine receptor type 7 (CXCR7) has been reported to regulate cancer cell invasion. The present study sought to investigate the effects of CXCR7 on MM development. First, CXCR7 expression levels were assessed in the skin tumor tissue of patients with MM. Then, CXCR7 small hairpin RNA was used in M14 melanoma cells in a Transwell culture model and in a transplanted mouse model to test the effects of CXCR7. In addition, immunohistochemistry staining, reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blotting were used. The results revealed that CXCR7 expression levels were significantly higher in MM tissue compared with squamous cell carcinoma or basal cell carcinoma tissue. Knocking down CXCR7 in M14 cells significantly inhibited cell migration and invasion in the Transwell culture model. Furthermore, CXCR7 knockdown also significantly reduced the transplanted tumor size, weight and vascular number in the mouse model. It was concluded that CXCR7 interacts with C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 12 to activate the chemokine receptor signaling pathway, and to increase melanoma cell migration, invasion and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Jing Li
- Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, Hebei 056002, P.R. China
| | - Pai Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, Hebei 056002, P.R. China.,Department of Dermatology, Jiangxi Province Dermatosis Special Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330000, P.R. China
| | - Wei-Wei Tian
- Department of Dermatology, Jiangxi Province Dermatosis Special Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330000, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Feng Li
- Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, Hebei 056002, P.R. China
| | - Bao-Guo Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, Hebei 056002, P.R. China
| | - Jian-Fang Sun
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210042, P.R. China
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67
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Transient Ingrowth of Lymphatic Vessels into the Physiologically Avascular Cornea Regulates Corneal Edema and Transparency. Sci Rep 2017; 7:7227. [PMID: 28775329 PMCID: PMC5543160 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-07806-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Lymphangiogenesis is essential for fluid homeostasis in vascularized tissues. In the normally avascular cornea, however, pathological lymphangiogenesis mediates diseases like corneal transplant rejection, dry eye disease, and allergy. So far, a physiological role for lymphangiogenesis in a primarily avascular site such as the cornea has not been described. Using a mouse model of perforating corneal injury that causes acute and severe fluid accumulation in the cornea, we show that lymphatics transiently and selectively invade the cornea and regulate the resolution of corneal edema. Pharmacological blockade of lymphangiogenesis via VEGFR-3 inhibition results in increased corneal thickness due to delayed drainage of corneal edema and a trend towards prolonged corneal opacification. Notably, lymphatics are also detectable in the cornea of a patient with acute edema due to spontaneous Descemet´s (basement) membrane rupture in keratoconus, mimicking this animal model and highlighting the clinical relevance of lymphangiogenesis in corneal fluid homeostasis. Together, our findings provide evidence that lymphangiogenesis plays an unexpectedly beneficial role in the regulation of corneal edema and transparency. This might open new treatment options in blinding diseases associated with corneal edema and transparency loss. Furthermore, we demonstrate for the first time that physiological lymphangiogenesis also occurs in primarily avascular sites.
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68
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Leelarungrayub J, Manorsoi J, Manorsoi A. Anti-inflammatory activity of niosomes entrapped with Plai oil ( Zingiber cassumunar Roxb.) by therapeutic ultrasound in a rat model. Int J Nanomedicine 2017; 12:2469-2476. [PMID: 28408818 PMCID: PMC5383072 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s129131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of Plai oil-encapsulated niosomes (Zingiber cassumunar Roxb.) on inflamed subcutaneous Wistar rat skin by therapeutic ultrasound. METHODS Pure oil from Plai rhizomes was extracted by steam distillation, and antioxidant activities were determined by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging assay. Bioactive compounds were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Niosome particles containing Plai oil were prepared by chloroform film method with sonication before testing for anti-inflammatory activity on locally inflamed subcutaneous rat skin after inducement from lipopolysaccharide with ultrasound once a day for 3 days. Skin temperatures and blood flow were evaluated. RESULTS Plai oil presented antioxidant activity that inhibited 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radicals. Four active compounds found in the essential oil were sabinene, γ-terpinene, terpinene-4-ol, and (E)-1-(3,4-dimethyoxy phenyl) butadiene. Application of ultrasound (0.2 W/cm2, 20%, 3 min) with gel containing Plai oil-encapsulated niosomes decreased skin temperature and blood flow to the lowest level compared to the application of neurofen drug or gel-based control. CONCLUSION Plai oil, which consists of four main bioactive compounds and possesses antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, can be applied against local subcutaneous inflammation when used with therapeutic ultrasound via entrapped niosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jirakrit Leelarungrayub
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University
| | - Jiradej Manorsoi
- Manose Health and Beauty Research Center, Mueng
- Division of Cosmetic Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, North Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Aranya Manorsoi
- Manose Health and Beauty Research Center, Mueng
- Division of Cosmetic Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, North Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
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69
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Gong P, Es’haghian S, Harms KA, Murray A, Rea S, Wood FM, Sampson DD, McLaughlin RA. In vivo label-free lymphangiography of cutaneous lymphatic vessels in human burn scars using optical coherence tomography. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2016; 7:4886-4898. [PMID: 28018713 PMCID: PMC5175539 DOI: 10.1364/boe.7.004886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2016] [Revised: 09/16/2016] [Accepted: 10/17/2016] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
We present an automated, label-free method for lymphangiography of cutaneous lymphatic vessels in humans in vivo using optical coherence tomography (OCT). This method corrects for the variation in OCT signal due to the confocal function and sensitivity fall-off of a spectral-domain OCT system and utilizes a single-scattering model to compensate for A-scan signal attenuation to enable reliable thresholding of lymphatic vessels. A segment-joining algorithm is then incorporated into the method to mitigate partial-volume effects with small vessels. The lymphatic vessel images are augmented with images of the blood vessel network, acquired from the speckle decorrelation with additional weighting to differentiate blood vessels from the observed high decorrelation in lymphatic vessels. We demonstrate the method with longitudinal scans of human burn scar patients undergoing ablative fractional laser treatment, showing the visualization of the cutaneous lymphatic and blood vessel networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peijun Gong
- Optical + Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, School of Electrical, Electronic & Computer Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Shaghayegh Es’haghian
- Optical + Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, School of Electrical, Electronic & Computer Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Karl-Anton Harms
- Burns Service of Western Australia, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, WA 6000, Australia
| | - Alexandra Murray
- Burns Service of Western Australia, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, WA 6000, Australia
| | - Suzanne Rea
- Burns Service of Western Australia, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia
- Burn Injury Research Unit, School of Surgery, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Fiona M. Wood
- Burns Service of Western Australia, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia
- Burn Injury Research Unit, School of Surgery, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - David D. Sampson
- Optical + Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, School of Electrical, Electronic & Computer Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
- Centre for Microscopy, Characterisation & Analysis, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Robert A. McLaughlin
- Optical + Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, School of Electrical, Electronic & Computer Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale Biophotonics, School of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
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70
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Mucka P, Levonyak N, Geretti E, Zwaans BMM, Li X, Adini I, Klagsbrun M, Adam RM, Bielenberg DR. Inflammation and Lymphedema Are Exacerbated and Prolonged by Neuropilin 2 Deficiency. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2016; 186:2803-2812. [PMID: 27751443 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2016.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Revised: 07/10/2016] [Accepted: 07/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The vasculature influences the progression and resolution of tissue inflammation. Capillaries express vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptors, including neuropilins (NRPs), which regulate interstitial fluid flow. NRP2, a receptor of VEGFA and semaphorin (SEMA) 3F ligands, is expressed in the vascular and lymphatic endothelia. Previous studies have demonstrated that blocking VEGF receptor 2 attenuates VEGFA-induced vascular permeability. The inhibition of NRP2 was hypothesized to decrease vascular permeability as well. Unexpectedly, massive tissue swelling and edema were observed in Nrp2-/- mice compared with wild-type littermates after delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions. Vascular permeability was twofold greater in inflamed blood vessels in Nrp2-deficient mice compared to those in Nrp2-intact littermates. The addition of exogenous SEMA3F protein inhibited vascular permeability in Balb/cJ mice, suggesting that the loss of endogenous Sema3F activity in the Nrp2-deficient mice was responsible for the enhanced vessel leakage. Functional lymphatic capillaries are necessary for draining excess fluid after inflammation; however, Nrp2-mutant mice lacked superficial lymphatic capillaries, leading to 2.5-fold greater fluid retention and severe lymphedema after inflammation. In conclusion, Nrp2 deficiency increased blood vessel permeability and decreased lymphatic vessel drainage during inflammation, highlighting the importance of the NRP2/SEMA3F pathway in the modulation of tissue swelling and resolution of postinflammatory edema.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Mucka
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Nicholas Levonyak
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Elena Geretti
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Xiaoran Li
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Irit Adini
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Michael Klagsbrun
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Rosalyn M Adam
- Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Urological Diseases Research Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Diane R Bielenberg
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
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71
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Hasegawa K, Fujiwara R, Sato K, Park JY, Kim SJ, Kim M, Kang HY. Increased blood flow and vasculature in solar lentigo. J Dermatol 2016; 43:1209-1213. [DOI: 10.1111/1346-8138.13458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2015] [Accepted: 04/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kiyoshi Sato
- Shiseido Global Innovation Center; Yokohama Japan
| | - Ji-Youn Park
- Department of Dermatology; Ajou University School of Medicine; Suwon Korea
| | - Sang Jin Kim
- Department of Dermatology; Ajou University School of Medicine; Suwon Korea
| | - Misun Kim
- Department of Dermatology; Ajou University School of Medicine; Suwon Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences; Graduate School of Ajou University; Suwon Korea
| | - Hee Young Kang
- Department of Dermatology; Ajou University School of Medicine; Suwon Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences; Graduate School of Ajou University; Suwon Korea
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72
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Tanigawa H, Miyata K, Tian Z, Aoi J, Kadomatsu T, Fukushima S, Ogata A, Takeda N, Zhao J, Zhu S, Terada K, Endo M, Morinaga J, Sugizaki T, Sato M, Morioka MS, Manabe I, Mashimo Y, Hata A, Taketomi Y, Yamamoto K, Murakami M, Araki K, Jinnin M, Ihn H, Oike Y. Upregulation of ANGPTL6 in mouse keratinocytes enhances susceptibility to psoriasis. Sci Rep 2016; 6:34690. [PMID: 27698489 PMCID: PMC5048131 DOI: 10.1038/srep34690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2016] [Accepted: 09/16/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease marked by aberrant tissue repair. Mutant mice modeling psoriasis skin characteristics have provided useful information relevant to molecular mechanisms and could serve to evaluate therapeutic strategies. Here, we found that epidermal ANGPTL6 expression was markedly induced during tissue repair in mice. Analysis of mice overexpressing ANGPTL6 in keratinocytes (K14-Angptl6 Tg mice) revealed that epidermal ANGPTL6 activity promotes aberrant epidermal barrier function due to hyperproliferation of prematurely differentiated keratinocytes. Moreover, skin tissues of K14-Angptl6 Tg mice showed aberrantly activated skin tissue inflammation seen in psoriasis. Levels of the proteins S100A9, recently proposed as therapeutic targets for psoriasis, also increased in skin tissue of K14-Angptl6 Tg mice, but psoriasis-like inflammatory phenotypes in those mice were not rescued by S100A9 deletion. This finding suggests that decreasing S100A9 levels may not ameliorate all cases of psoriasis and that diverse mechanisms underlie the condition. Finally, we observed enhanced levels of epidermal ANGPTL6 in tissue specimens from some psoriasis patients. We conclude that the K14-Angptl6 Tg mouse is useful to investigate psoriasis pathogenesis and for preclinical testing of new therapeutics. Our study also suggests that ANGPTL6 activation in keratinocytes enhances psoriasis susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Tanigawa
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan.,Department of Dermatology and Plastic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Keishi Miyata
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan.,Department of Immunology, Allergy and Vascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Zhe Tian
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Jun Aoi
- Department of Dermatology and Plastic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Kadomatsu
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Satoshi Fukushima
- Department of Dermatology and Plastic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Aki Ogata
- Department of Dermatology and Plastic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Naoki Takeda
- Division of Developmental Genetics, Center for Animal Resources and Development, Kumamoto University, 2-2-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan
| | - Jiabin Zhao
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Shunshun Zhu
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Kazutoyo Terada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Motoyoshi Endo
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Jun Morinaga
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Taichi Sugizaki
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Michio Sato
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Masaki Suimye Morioka
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Ichiro Manabe
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Youichi Mashimo
- Department of Public Health, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohara, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Akira Hata
- Department of Public Health, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohara, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Taketomi
- Lipid Metabolism Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, 2-1-6 Kamikitazawa, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 156-8506, Japan
| | - Kei Yamamoto
- Lipid Metabolism Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, 2-1-6 Kamikitazawa, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 156-8506, Japan.,Faculty of Bioscience and Bioindustry, Tokushima University, 2-1 Minami-Josanjima, Tokushima 770-8506, Japan
| | - Makoto Murakami
- Lipid Metabolism Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, 2-1-6 Kamikitazawa, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 156-8506, Japan
| | - Kimi Araki
- Division of Developmental Genetics, Center for Animal Resources and Development, Kumamoto University, 2-2-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Jinnin
- Department of Dermatology and Plastic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Hironobu Ihn
- Department of Dermatology and Plastic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Yuichi Oike
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
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73
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Zabihian B, Chen Z, Rank E, Sinz C, Bonesi M, Sattmann H, Ensher J, Minneman MP, Hoover E, Weingast J, Ginner L, Leitgeb R, Kittler H, Zhang E, Beard P, Drexler W, Liu M. Comprehensive vascular imaging using optical coherence tomography-based angiography and photoacoustic tomography. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2016; 21:96011. [PMID: 27653999 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.21.9.096011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2016] [Accepted: 08/29/2016] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Studies have proven the relationship between cutaneous vasculature abnormalities and dermatological disorders, but to image vasculature noninvasively <italic<in vivo</italic<, advanced optical imaging techniques are required. In this study, we imaged a palm of a healthy volunteer and three subjects with cutaneous abnormalities with photoacoustic tomography (PAT) and optical coherence tomography with angiography extension (OCTA). Capillaries in the papillary dermis that are too small to be discerned with PAT are visualized with OCTA. From our results, we speculate that the PA signal from the palm is mostly from hemoglobin in capillaries rather than melanin, knowing that melanin concentration in volar skin is significantly smaller than that in other areas of the skin. We present for the first time OCTA images of capillaries along with the PAT images of the deeper vessels, demonstrating the complementary effective imaging depth range and the visualization capabilities of PAT and OCTA for imaging human skin <italic<in vivo</italic<. The proposed imaging system in this study could significantly improve treatment monitoring of dermatological diseases associated with cutaneous vasculature abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behrooz Zabihian
- Medical University of Vienna, Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, AKH 4L, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Zhe Chen
- Medical University of Vienna, Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, AKH 4L, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Elisabet Rank
- Medical University of Vienna, Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, AKH 4L, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Christoph Sinz
- Medical University of Vienna, Department of Dermatology, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Marco Bonesi
- Medical University of Vienna, Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, AKH 4L, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Harald Sattmann
- Medical University of Vienna, Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, AKH 4L, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Jason Ensher
- Insight Photonic Solutions, Inc., 300 South Public Road, Lafayette, Colorado 80026, United States
| | - Michael P Minneman
- Insight Photonic Solutions, Inc., 300 South Public Road, Lafayette, Colorado 80026, United States
| | - Erich Hoover
- Insight Photonic Solutions, Inc., 300 South Public Road, Lafayette, Colorado 80026, United States
| | - Jessika Weingast
- Medical University of Vienna, Department of Dermatology, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Laurin Ginner
- Medical University of Vienna, Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, AKH 4L, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Rainer Leitgeb
- Medical University of Vienna, Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, AKH 4L, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Harald Kittler
- Medical University of Vienna, Department of Dermatology, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Edward Zhang
- University College London, Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Gower Street, London, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Beard
- University College London, Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Gower Street, London, United Kingdom
| | - Wolfgang Drexler
- Medical University of Vienna, Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, AKH 4L, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Mengyang Liu
- Medical University of Vienna, Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, AKH 4L, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, Vienna 1090, Austria
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74
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Micali G, Gerber PA, Lacarrubba F, Schäfer G. Improving Treatment of Erythematotelangiectatic Rosacea with Laser and/or Topical Therapy Through Enhanced Discrimination of its Clinical Features. THE JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND AESTHETIC DERMATOLOGY 2016; 9:30-39. [PMID: 27672409 PMCID: PMC5023001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Rosacea is a chronic inflammatory disease that can present with a variety of cutaneous symptoms. Erythematotelangiectatic rosacea is a subtype characterized by flushing (transient erythema), persistent central facial erythema (background erythema), and telangiectasias. The severity of individual symptoms differs in each patient, which can complicate the selection of an appropriate treatment strategy. Evaluation of these specific symptoms has been greatly improved by the routine use of diagnostic tools such as (video) dermatoscopy. Following a thorough clinical assessment, treatment decisions should be made based on the proportion of these individual symptoms in individual patients. Brimonidine 0.33% gel is recommended in the symptomatic treatment of facial erythema, and there is evidence for the efficacy of laser/light-based therapies in the treatment of erythema and telangiectasias. In patients presenting with both marked background erythema and telangiectasias, initial treatment with brimonidine 0.33% gel to target the erythema followed by laser/light-based therapy for the telangiectasias has been shown to be an effective combination in clinical practice. This article aims to facilitate treatment decision-making in clinical practice through: 1) better differentiation of the main symptoms of erythematotelangiectatic rosacea and 2) practical advice for the selection of appropriate treatments, based on clinical case examples.
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75
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Klein S, Dieterich LC, Mathelier A, Chong C, Sliwa-Primorac A, Hong YK, Shin JW, Lizio M, Itoh M, Kawaji H, Lassmann T, Daub CO, Arner E, Carninci P, Hayashizaki Y, Forrest ARR, Wasserman WW, Detmar M. DeepCAGE transcriptomics identify HOXD10 as a transcription factor regulating lymphatic endothelial responses to VEGF-C. J Cell Sci 2016; 129:2573-85. [PMID: 27199372 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.186767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Accepted: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Lymphangiogenesis plays a crucial role during development, in cancer metastasis and in inflammation. Activation of VEGFR-3 (also known as FLT4) by VEGF-C is one of the main drivers of lymphangiogenesis, but the transcriptional events downstream of VEGFR-3 activation are largely unknown. Recently, we identified a wave of immediate early transcription factors that are upregulated in human lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) within the first 30 to 80 min after VEGFR-3 activation. Expression of these transcription factors must be regulated by additional pre-existing transcription factors that are rapidly activated by VEGFR-3 signaling. Using transcription factor activity analysis, we identified the homeobox transcription factor HOXD10 to be specifically activated at early time points after VEGFR-3 stimulation, and to regulate expression of immediate early transcription factors, including NR4A1. Gain- and loss-of-function studies revealed that HOXD10 is involved in LECs migration and formation of cord-like structures. Furthermore, HOXD10 regulates expression of VE-cadherin, claudin-5 and NOS3 (also known as e-NOS), and promotes lymphatic endothelial permeability. Taken together, these results reveal an important and unanticipated role of HOXD10 in the regulation of VEGFR-3 signaling in lymphatic endothelial cells, and in the control of lymphangiogenesis and permeability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Klein
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich 8093, Switzerland
| | - Lothar C Dieterich
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich 8093, Switzerland
| | - Anthony Mathelier
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, Child and Family Research Institute, Department of Medical Genetics, University British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V5Z 4H4
| | - Chloé Chong
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich 8093, Switzerland
| | - Adriana Sliwa-Primorac
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich 8093, Switzerland
| | - Young-Kwon Hong
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Jay W Shin
- RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies, Division of Genomic Technologies, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
| | - Marina Lizio
- RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies, Division of Genomic Technologies, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Itoh
- RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies, Division of Genomic Technologies, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
| | - Hideya Kawaji
- RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies, Division of Genomic Technologies, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
| | - Timo Lassmann
- RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies, Division of Genomic Technologies, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Subiaco, Western Australia 6008, Australia
| | - Carsten O Daub
- RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies, Division of Genomic Technologies, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
| | - Erik Arner
- RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies, Division of Genomic Technologies, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
| | | | - Piero Carninci
- RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies, Division of Genomic Technologies, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
| | - Yoshihide Hayashizaki
- RIKEN Preventive Medicine and Diagnosis Innovation Program, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Alistair R R Forrest
- RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies, Division of Genomic Technologies, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan Cancer and Cell Biology Division, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre and Centre for Medical Research, the University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Wyeth W Wasserman
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, Child and Family Research Institute, Department of Medical Genetics, University British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V5Z 4H4
| | - Michael Detmar
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich 8093, Switzerland
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76
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Endothelial Dysfunction and Inflammation: Immunity in Rheumatoid Arthritis. Mediators Inflamm 2016; 2016:6813016. [PMID: 27122657 PMCID: PMC4829719 DOI: 10.1155/2016/6813016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2015] [Revised: 03/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation, as a feature of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), leads to the activation of endothelial cells (ECs). Activated ECs induce atherosclerosis through an increased expression of leukocyte adhesion molecules. Endothelial dysfunction (ED) is recognized as a failure of endothelial repair mechanisms. It is also an early preclinical marker of atherosclerosis and is commonly found in RA patients. RA is now established as an independent cardiovascular risk factor, while mechanistic determinants of ED in RA are still poorly understood. An expanding body of study has shown that EC at a site of RA is both active participant and regulator of inflammatory process. Over the last decade, a role for endothelial dysfunction in RA associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) has been hypothesized. At the same time, several maintenance drugs targeting this phenomenon have been tested, which has promising results. Assessment of endothelial function may be a useful tool to identify and monitor RA patients.
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77
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Shoda T, Futamura K, Orihara K, Emi-Sugie M, Saito H, Matsumoto K, Matsuda A. Recent advances in understanding the roles of vascular endothelial cells in allergic inflammation. Allergol Int 2016; 65:21-9. [PMID: 26666487 DOI: 10.1016/j.alit.2015.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2015] [Revised: 07/30/2015] [Accepted: 08/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Allergic disorders commonly involve both chronic tissue inflammation and remodeling caused by immunological reactions to various antigens on tissue surfaces. Due to their anatomical location, vascular endothelial cells are the final responders to interact with various exogenous factors that come into contact with the epithelial surface, such as pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and antigens. Recent studies have shed light on the important roles of endothelial cells in the development and exacerbation of allergic disorders. For instance, endothelial cells have the greatest potential to produce several key molecules that are deeply involved in allergic inflammation, such as periostin and thymus and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC/CCL17). Additionally, endothelial cells were recently shown to be important functional targets for IL-33--an essential regulator of allergic inflammation. Notably, almost all endothelial cell responses and functions involved in allergic inflammation are not suppressed by corticosteroids. These corticosteroid-refractory endothelial cell responses and functions include TNF-α-associated angiogenesis, leukocyte adhesion, IL-33-mediated responses and periostin and TARC production. Therefore, these unique responses and functions of endothelial cells may be critically involved in the pathogenesis of various allergic disorders, especially their refractory processes. Here, we review recent studies, including ours, which have elucidated previously unknown pathophysiological roles of vascular endothelial cells in allergic inflammation and discuss the possibility of endothelium-targeted therapy for allergic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuo Shoda
- Department of Allergy and Immunology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Kyoko Futamura
- Department of Allergy and Immunology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kanami Orihara
- Department of Allergy and Immunology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Maiko Emi-Sugie
- Department of Allergy and Immunology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hirohisa Saito
- Department of Allergy and Immunology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenji Matsumoto
- Department of Allergy and Immunology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akio Matsuda
- Department of Allergy and Immunology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
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78
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Qin TT, Xu GC, Qi JW, Yang GL, Zhang K, Liu HL, Xu LX, Xiang R, Xiao G, Cao H, Wei Y, Zhang QZ, Li LY. Tumour necrosis factor superfamily member 15 (Tnfsf15) facilitates lymphangiogenesis via up-regulation of Vegfr3
gene expression in lymphatic endothelial cells. J Pathol 2015; 237:307-18. [PMID: 26096340 DOI: 10.1002/path.4577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2015] [Revised: 06/13/2015] [Accepted: 06/17/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Ting Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research; Nankai University; Tianjin China
| | - Guo-Ce Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research; Nankai University; Tianjin China
| | - Jian-Wei Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research; Nankai University; Tianjin China
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College; Tianjin China
| | - Gui-Li Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research; Nankai University; Tianjin China
| | - Kun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research; Nankai University; Tianjin China
| | - Hai-Lin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research; Nankai University; Tianjin China
| | - Li-Xia Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research; Nankai University; Tianjin China
| | - Rong Xiang
- School of Medicine; Nankai University; Tianjin China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Nankai University, West China Hospital; Sichuan University; China
| | - Guozhi Xiao
- Department of Biology; South University of Science and Technology of China; Shenzhen China
| | - Huiling Cao
- Department of Biology; South University of Science and Technology of China; Shenzhen China
| | - Yuquan Wei
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Nankai University, West China Hospital; Sichuan University; China
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital; Sichuan University; Chengdu China
| | - Qiang-Zhe Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research; Nankai University; Tianjin China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Nankai University, West China Hospital; Sichuan University; China
| | - Lu-Yuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research; Nankai University; Tianjin China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Nankai University, West China Hospital; Sichuan University; China
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79
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Bianchi A, Painter KJ, Sherratt JA. A mathematical model for lymphangiogenesis in normal and diabetic wounds. J Theor Biol 2015; 383:61-86. [PMID: 26254217 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2015.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2015] [Revised: 06/08/2015] [Accepted: 07/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Several studies suggest that one possible cause of impaired wound healing is failed or insufficient lymphangiogenesis, that is the formation of new lymphatic capillaries. Although many mathematical models have been developed to describe the formation of blood capillaries (angiogenesis) very few have been proposed for the regeneration of the lymphatic network. Moreover, lymphangiogenesis is markedly distinct from angiogenesis, occurring at different times and in a different manner. Here a model of five ordinary differential equations is presented to describe the formation of lymphatic capillaries following a skin wound. The variables represent different cell densities and growth factor concentrations, and where possible the parameters are estimated from experimental and clinical data. The system is then solved numerically and the results are compared with the available biological literature. Finally, a parameter sensitivity analysis of the model is taken as a starting point for suggesting new therapeutic approaches targeting the enhancement of lymphangiogenesis in diabetic wounds. The work provides a deeper understanding of the phenomenon in question, clarifying the main factors involved. In particular, the balance between TGF-β and VEGF levels, rather than their absolute values, is identified as crucial to effective lymphangiogenesis. In addition, the results indicate lowering the macrophage-mediated activation of TGF-β and increasing the basal lymphatic endothelial cell growth rate, inter alia, as potential treatments. It is hoped the findings of this paper may be considered in the development of future experiments investigating novel lymphangiogenic therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arianna Bianchi
- Department of Mathematics and Maxwell Institute for Mathematical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, Scotland, EH14 4AS, UK.
| | - Kevin J Painter
- Department of Mathematics and Maxwell Institute for Mathematical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, Scotland, EH14 4AS, UK
| | - Jonathan A Sherratt
- Department of Mathematics and Maxwell Institute for Mathematical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, Scotland, EH14 4AS, UK
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80
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Development of Blood and Lymphatic Endothelial Cells in Embryonic and Fetal Human Skin. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2015; 185:2563-74. [PMID: 26188132 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2015.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2014] [Revised: 04/08/2015] [Accepted: 05/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Blood and lymphatic vessels provide nutrients for the skin and fulfill important homeostatic functions, such as the regulation of immunologic processes. In this study, we investigated the development of blood and lymphatic endothelial cells in prenatal human skin in situ using multicolor immunofluorescence and analyzed angiogenic molecules by protein arrays of lysates and cell culture supernatants. We found that at 8 to 10 weeks of estimated gestational age, CD144(+) vessels predominantly express the venous endothelial cell marker PAL-E, whereas CD144(+)PAL-E(-) vessels compatible with arteries only appear at the end of the first trimester. Lymphatic progenitor cells at 8 weeks of estimated gestational age express CD31, CD144, Prox1, and temporary PAL-E. At that developmental stage not all lymphatic progenitor cells express podoplanin or Lyve-1, which are acquired with advancing gestational age in a stepwise fashion. Already in second-trimester human skin, the phenotype of blood and lymphatic vessels roughly resembles the one in adult skin. The expression pattern of angiogenic molecules in lysates and cell culture supernatants of prenatal skin did not reveal the expected bent to proangiogenic molecules, indicating a complex regulation of angiogenesis during ontogeny. In summary, this study provides enticing new insights into the development and phenotypic characteristics of the vascular system in human prenatal skin.
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81
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Kim M, Kim KE, Jung HY, Jo H, Jeong SW, Lee J, Kim CH, Kim H, Cho D, Park HJ. Recombinant erythroid differentiation regulator 1 inhibits both inflammation and angiogenesis in a mouse model of rosacea. Exp Dermatol 2015; 24:680-5. [PMID: 25940661 DOI: 10.1111/exd.12745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The erythroid differentiation regulator 1 (Erdr1), which is a novel and highly conserved factor, was recently reported to be negatively regulated by IL-18 and to play a crucial role as an antimetastatic factor. IL-18 is a proinflammatory cytokine that functions as an angiogenic mediator in inflammation. Rosacea is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder that is characterized by abnormal inflammation and vascular hyperactivity of the facial skin. To determine whether Erdr1 contributes to the regulation of the chronic inflammatory process in the development of rosacea, an immunohistochemical analysis was performed in healthy donors and patients with rosacea. In this study, we showed that Erdr1 was downregulated, whereas IL-18 was upregulated, in patients with rosacea, which led us to question the role of Erdr1 in this disorder. Moreover, a rosacea-like BALB/c mouse model was used to determine the role of Erdr1 in rosacea in vivo. LL-37 injection induced typical rosacea features, including erythema, telangiectasia and inflammation. Treatment with recombinant Erdr1 (rErdr1) resulted in a significant reduction of erythema, inflammatory cell infiltration (including CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells), and microvessel density with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Taken together, our findings suggest that rErdr1 may be involved in attenuating the inflammation and angiogenesis associated with the pathogenesis of rosacea. Thus, these results provide new insight into the mechanism involved in this condition and indicate that rErdr1 could be a potential target for therapeutic intervention of rosacea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miri Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Yeouido St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyung-Eun Kim
- Department of Life Science, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Haw Young Jung
- Department of Dermatology, Yeouido St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyunmu Jo
- Department of Dermatology, Yeouido St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seo-Won Jeong
- Department of Dermatology, Yeouido St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | | | - Chang Han Kim
- Biotech. Team, Cent'l Res. Inst. Ilyang Pharm. Co., Ltd., Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Heejong Kim
- Biotech. Team, Cent'l Res. Inst. Ilyang Pharm. Co., Ltd., Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Daeho Cho
- Department of Life Science, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun Jeong Park
- Department of Dermatology, Yeouido St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
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82
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Anti-inflammatory properties of low and high doxycycline doses: an in vitro study. Mediators Inflamm 2015; 2015:329418. [PMID: 25977597 PMCID: PMC4421036 DOI: 10.1155/2015/329418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2015] [Accepted: 03/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Doxycycline is used to treat infective diseases because of its broadspectrum efficacy. High dose administration (100 or 200 mg/day) is often responsible for development of bacterial resistances and endogenous flora alterations, whereas low doses (20–40 mg/day) do not alter bacteria susceptibility to antibiotics and exert anti-inflammatory activities. In this study, we wanted to assess the efficacy of both low and high doxycycline doses in modulating IL-8, TNF-α, and IL-6 gene expression in HaCaT cells stimulated with LPS. Three experimental settings were used, differing in the timing of doxycycline treatment in respect to the insult induced by LPS: pretreatment, concomitant, and posttreatment. Low doses were more effective than high doses in modulating gene expression of LPS-induced proinflammatory cytokines (IL-8, TNF-α, and IL-6), when added before (pretreatment) or after (posttreatment) LPS stimulation. This effect was not appreciated when LPS and doxycycline were simultaneously added to cell cultures: in this case high doses were more effective. In conclusion, our in vitro study suggests that low doxycycline doses could be safely used in chronic or acute skin diseases in which the inflammatory process, either constantly in progress or periodically recurring, has to be prevented or controlled.
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83
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Chemical allergens stimulate human epidermal keratinocytes to produce lymphangiogenic vascular endothelial growth factor. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2015; 283:147-55. [DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2015.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2014] [Revised: 01/11/2015] [Accepted: 01/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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84
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Wang H, Baran U, Wang RK. In vivo blood flow imaging of inflammatory human skin induced by tape stripping using optical microangiography. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2015; 8:265-72. [PMID: 24659511 PMCID: PMC4308563 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201400012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2014] [Revised: 02/25/2014] [Accepted: 02/27/2014] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Vasculature response is a hallmark for most inflammatory skin disorders. Tape stripping on human skin causes a minor inflammation which leads to changes in microvasculature. In this study, optical microangiography (OMAG), noninvasive volumetric microvasculature in vivo imaging method, has been used to track the vascular responses after tape stripping. Vessel density has been quantified and used to correlate with the degree of skin irritation. The proved capability of OMAG technique in visualizing the microvasculature network under inflamed skin condition can play an important role in clinical trials of treatment and diagnosis of inflammatory skin disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hequn Wang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Utku Baran
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ruikang K. Wang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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85
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Zolotarevski L, Jovic M, Popov Aleksandrov A, Milosavljevic P, Brajuskovic G, Demenesku J, Mirkov I, Ninkov M, Kataranovski D, Kataranovski M. Skin response to epicutaneous application of anticoagulant rodenticide warfarin is characterized by differential time- and dose-dependent changes in cell activity. Cutan Ocul Toxicol 2015; 35:41-8. [DOI: 10.3109/15569527.2015.1008701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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86
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Bae ON, Noh M, Chun YJ, Jeong TC. Keratinocytic vascular endothelial growth factor as a novel biomarker for pathological skin condition. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2015; 23:12-8. [PMID: 25593638 PMCID: PMC4286744 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2014.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2014] [Revised: 10/01/2014] [Accepted: 10/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Skin is an emerging target tissue in pharmaceutical and cosmetic science. Safety assessment for dermal toxicity is a critical step for development of topically applicable pharmaceutical agents and ingredients in cosmetics. Urgent needs exist to set up toxicity testing methods for dermal safety, and identification of novel biomarkers for pathological cutaneous alteration is highly required. Here we will discuss if vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) has a potential as a biomarker for dermal impairment. Experimental and clinical evidences for induction of keratinocytic VEGF under pathological conditions will be reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ok-Nam Bae
- College of Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hanyang University, Ansan 426-791
| | - Minsoo Noh
- Collge of Pharmacy, Natural Products Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742
| | - Young-Jin Chun
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 156-756
| | - Tae Cheon Jeong
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 712-749, Republic of Korea
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87
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Matsumoto-Okazaki Y, Yamane J, Kajiya K. Real-time imaging of interaction between macrophages and lymphatic vessels in an in vitro model to study inflammatory resolution. J Dermatol Sci 2014; 77:76-9. [PMID: 25530117 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2014.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2014] [Revised: 08/29/2014] [Accepted: 11/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Junko Yamane
- Shiseido Innovative Science Research & Development Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Kentaro Kajiya
- Shiseido Innovative Science Research & Development Center, Yokohama, Japan.
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Quaresma JAS, Brito MV, Sousa JR, Silva LM, Hirai KE, Araujo RS, de Brito AC, Carneiro FRO, Fuzii HT, Pagliari C, Sotto MN, Duarte MIS. Analysis of microvasculature phenotype and endothelial activation markers in skin lesions of lacaziosis (Lobomycosis). Microb Pathog 2014; 78:29-36. [PMID: 25450888 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2014.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2014] [Revised: 11/18/2014] [Accepted: 11/20/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Jorge Lobo's disease is a rare mycosis characterized by chronic inflammation, which causes skin lesions in the absence of visceral dissemination. The disease occurs mainly in hot and humid climates and most cases have been registered in the Brazilian Amazon region. This study investigated possible microvascular alterations in skin lesions caused by infection with Lacazia loboi which may interfere with the clinical progression of the disease. Immunohistochemistry was used to evaluate the density of blood and lymphatic vessels, as well as expression of the cell adhesion molecules ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and E-selectin. The results showed a reduced number of blood (62.66 ± 20.30 vessels/mm(2)) and lymphatic vessels (3.55 ± 5.84 vessels/mm(2)) in Jorge Lobo's disease when compared to control skin (169.66 ± 66.38 blood vessels/mm(2) and 8 ± 2.17 lymphatic vessels/mm(2)). There were a larger number of vessels expressing ICAM-1 (27.58 ± 15.32 vessels/mm(2)) and VCAM-1 (7.55 ± 6.2 vessels/mm(2)). No difference was observed in the expression of E-selectin (4.66 ± 11 vessels/mm(2)). Taken together, the results indicate changes in the local microvasculature which may interfere with the development of an efficient cell-mediated immune response and may explain restriction of the fungus to the site of injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juarez A S Quaresma
- Nucleo de Medicina Tropical, Universidade Federal do Para, Belem, PA, Brazil; Centro de Ciencias Biologicas e da Saude, Universidade do Estado do Para, Belem, PA, Brazil.
| | - Maysa V Brito
- Nucleo de Medicina Tropical, Universidade Federal do Para, Belem, PA, Brazil
| | - Jorge R Sousa
- Nucleo de Medicina Tropical, Universidade Federal do Para, Belem, PA, Brazil
| | - Luciana M Silva
- Centro de Ciencias Biologicas e da Saude, Universidade do Estado do Para, Belem, PA, Brazil
| | - Kelly E Hirai
- Centro de Ciencias Biologicas e da Saude, Universidade do Estado do Para, Belem, PA, Brazil
| | - Rafael S Araujo
- Centro de Ciencias Biologicas e da Saude, Universidade do Estado do Para, Belem, PA, Brazil
| | - Arival C de Brito
- Nucleo de Medicina Tropical, Universidade Federal do Para, Belem, PA, Brazil
| | - Francisca R O Carneiro
- Centro de Ciencias Biologicas e da Saude, Universidade do Estado do Para, Belem, PA, Brazil
| | - Hellen T Fuzii
- Nucleo de Medicina Tropical, Universidade Federal do Para, Belem, PA, Brazil
| | - Carla Pagliari
- Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Mirian N Sotto
- Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Maria I S Duarte
- Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Abstract
Tendons lack sufficient blood supply and represent a bradytroph tissue with prolonged healing time under pathological conditions. While the role of lymphatics in wound/defect healing in tissues with regular blood supply is well investigated, its involvement in tendon defects is not clear. We here try to identify the role of the lymphatic system in a tendon lesion model with morphological methods. A rat Achilles tendon lesion model (n = 5) was created via surgical intervention. Two weeks after surgery, animals were killed and lesioned site removed and prepared for polarization microscopy (picrosirius red) and immunohistochemistry using the lymphatic markers PROX1, VEGFR3, CCL21, LYVE-1, PDPN, and the vascular marker CD31. Additionally, DAPI was applied. Untreated tendons served as controls, confocal laser-scanning microscopy was used for documentation. At the lesion site, polarization microscopy revealed a structural reintegration while immunohistochemistry detected band-like profiles immunoreactive for PDPN, VEGFR3, CCL21, LYVE1, and CD31, surrounding DAPI-positive nuclei. PROX1-positive nuclei were detected within the lesion forming lines and opposed to each other. These PROX1-positive nuclei were surrounded by LYVE-1- or VEGFR3-positive surfaces. Few CD31-positive profiles contained PROX1-positive nuclei, while the majority of CD31-positive profiles lacked PROX1-positive nuclei. VEGFR3-, PDPN-, and LYVE-1-positive profiles were numerous within the lesion site, but absent in control tissue. Within 2 weeks, a structural rearrangement takes place in this lesion model, with dense lymphatic supply. The role of lymphatics in tendon wound healing is unclear, and proposed model represents a good possibility to study healing dynamics and lymphangiogenesis in a tissue almost completely lacking lymphatics in physiological conditions.
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90
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Pober JS, Sessa WC. Inflammation and the blood microvascular system. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 2014; 7:a016345. [PMID: 25384307 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a016345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 176] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Acute and chronic inflammation is associated with changes in microvascular form and function. At rest, endothelial cells maintain a nonthrombogenic, nonreactive surface at the interface between blood and tissue. However, on activation by proinflammatory mediators, the endothelium becomes a major participant in the generation of the inflammatory response. These functions of endothelium are modified by the other cell populations of the microvessel wall, namely pericytes, and smooth muscle cells. This article reviews recent advances in understanding the roles played by microvessels in inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan S Pober
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8089
| | - William C Sessa
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8089
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91
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Melnik BC. Endoplasmic reticulum stress: key promoter of rosacea pathogenesis. Exp Dermatol 2014; 23:868-73. [DOI: 10.1111/exd.12517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bodo C. Melnik
- Department of Dermatology, Environmental Medicine and Health Theory; University of Osnabrück; Osnabrück Germany
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92
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Klueh U, Antar O, Qiao Y, Kreutzer DL. Role of vascular networks in extending glucose sensor function: Impact of angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis on continuous glucose monitoring in vivo. J Biomed Mater Res A 2014; 102:3512-22. [PMID: 24243850 PMCID: PMC4012020 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.35031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2013] [Revised: 10/22/2013] [Accepted: 10/31/2013] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The concept of increased blood vessel (BV) density proximal to glucose sensors implanted in the interstitial tissue increases the accuracy and lifespan of sensors is accepted, despite limited existing experimental data. Interestingly, there is no previous data or even conjecture in the literature on the role of lymphatic vessels (LV) alone, or in combination with BV, in enhancing continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) in vivo. To investigate the impact of inducing vascular networks (BV and LV) at sites of glucose sensor implantation, we utilized adenovirus based local gene therapy of vascular endothelial cell growth factor-A (VEGF-A) to induce vessels at sensor implantation sites. The results of these studies demonstrated that (1) VEGF-A based local gene therapy increases vascular networks (blood vessels and lymphatic vessels) at sites of glucose sensor implantation; and (2) this local increase of vascular networks enhances glucose sensor function in vivo from 7 days to greater than 28 days postsensor implantation. This data provides "proof of concept" for the effective usage of local angiogenic factor (AF) gene therapy in mammalian models in an effort to extend CGM in vivo. It also supports the practice of a variety of viral and nonviral vectors as well as gene products (e.g. anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrosis genes) to engineer "implant friendly tissues" for the usage with implantable glucose sensors as well as other implantable devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrike Klueh
- Center for Molecular Tissue Engineering, University of Connecticut, School of Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut 06030
- Department of Surgery, University of Connecticut, School of Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut 06030
| | - Omar Antar
- Center for Molecular Tissue Engineering, University of Connecticut, School of Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut 06030
- Department of Surgery, University of Connecticut, School of Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut 06030
| | - Yi Qiao
- Center for Molecular Tissue Engineering, University of Connecticut, School of Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut 06030
- Department of Surgery, University of Connecticut, School of Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut 06030
| | - Donald L. Kreutzer
- Center for Molecular Tissue Engineering, University of Connecticut, School of Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut 06030
- Department of Surgery, University of Connecticut, School of Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut 06030
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Salzer S, Kresse S, Hirai Y, Koglin S, Reinholz M, Ruzicka T, Schauber J. Cathelicidin peptide LL-37 increases UVB-triggered inflammasome activation: possible implications for rosacea. J Dermatol Sci 2014; 76:173-9. [PMID: 25306296 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2014.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2014] [Revised: 08/22/2014] [Accepted: 09/09/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In patients with rosacea, environmental stressors, especially UVB radiation, trigger disease flares that are characterized by inflammation and vascular hyperactivity. An altered innate immune detection and response system, modulated to a large extent by the aberrant production and processing of human cathelicidin LL-37, is thought to play a central role in disease pathogenesis. OBJECTIVE To investigate whether the proinflammatory and proangiogenic effects of UV radiation are enhanced in the presence of cathelicidin LL-37. METHODS Human skin ex vivo and epidermal keratinocytes in vitro were exposed to UVB irradiation. The proinflammatory effects of UVB exposure in the presence and absence of LL-37 were characterized using immunoblot, transfection, qPCR, and a cell-based second messenger assay. ELISA was used to assess cytokine release and the angiogenic potential of endothelial cells was evaluated using an in vitro angiogenesis assay. RESULTS UVB irradiation triggered the inflammasome-mediated processing and release of IL-1β. LL-37 augmented this UV-induced IL-1β secretion by acting on the P2X7 receptor on keratinocytes. P2X7 receptor activation by UVB and LL-37 resulted in an increase in intracellular calcium concentrations, which enhances inflammasome activation and subsequent IL-1β release. Furthermore, IL-1β and LL-37 worked synergistically to increase the angiogenic potential of endothelial cells. CONCLUSION Cathelicidin LL-37 modulates the proinflammatory and proangiogenic effects of UV radiation and thereby contributes to enhanced sensitivity to sun exposure in rosacea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanna Salzer
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Ludwig-Maximilian-University, Frauenlobstr. 9-11, Munich 80337, Germany
| | - Sonja Kresse
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Ludwig-Maximilian-University, Frauenlobstr. 9-11, Munich 80337, Germany
| | - Yoji Hirai
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Ludwig-Maximilian-University, Frauenlobstr. 9-11, Munich 80337, Germany
| | - Sarah Koglin
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Ludwig-Maximilian-University, Frauenlobstr. 9-11, Munich 80337, Germany
| | - Markus Reinholz
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Ludwig-Maximilian-University, Frauenlobstr. 9-11, Munich 80337, Germany
| | - Thomas Ruzicka
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Ludwig-Maximilian-University, Frauenlobstr. 9-11, Munich 80337, Germany
| | - Jürgen Schauber
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Ludwig-Maximilian-University, Frauenlobstr. 9-11, Munich 80337, Germany.
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94
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An important role of the SDF-1/CXCR4 axis in chronic skin inflammation. PLoS One 2014; 9:e93665. [PMID: 24695674 PMCID: PMC3973543 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0093665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2014] [Accepted: 03/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory angiogenesis and vascular remodeling play key roles in the chronic inflammatory skin disease psoriasis, but little is known about the molecular mediators of vascular activation. Based on the reported elevated mRNA levels of the angiogenic chemokine stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) and its receptor CXCR4 in psoriasis, we investigated the relevance of the SDF-1/CXCR4 axis in two experimental models of chronic psoriasis-like skin inflammation. The cutaneous expression of both SDF-1 and CXCR4 was upregulated in the inflamed skin of K14-VEGF-A transgenic mice and in imiquimod-induced skin inflammation, with expression of CXCR4 by blood vessels and macrophages. Treatment with the CXCR4 antagonist AMD3100 potently inhibited skin inflammation in both models, associated with reduced inflammatory angiogenesis and inflammatory cell accumulation, including dermal CD4+ cells and intraepidermal CD8+ T cells. Similar anti-inflammatory effects were seen after treatment with a neutralizing anti-SDF-1 antibody. In vitro, inhibition of CXCR4 blocked SDF-1-induced chemotaxis of CD11b+ splenocytes, in agreement with the reduced number of macrophages after in vivo CXCR4 blockade. Our results reveal an important role of the SDF-1/CXCR4 axis in skin inflammation and inflammatory angiogenesis, and they indicate that inhibition of the SDF-1/CXCR4 axis might serve as a novel therapeutic strategy for chronic inflammatory skin diseases.
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95
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Steinhoff M, Schauber J, Leyden JJ. New insights into rosacea pathophysiology: a review of recent findings. J Am Acad Dermatol 2014; 69:S15-26. [PMID: 24229632 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2013.04.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 203] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2013] [Accepted: 04/21/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Rosacea is a common, chronic inflammatory skin disease of poorly understood origin. Based on its clinical features (flushing, chronic inflammation, fibrosis) and trigger factors, a complex pathobiology involving different regulatory systems can be anticipated. Although a wealth of research has shed new light over recent years on its pathophysiology, the precise interplay of the various dysregulated systems (immune, vascular, nervous) is still poorly understood. Most authors agree on 4 major clinical subtypes of rosacea: erythematotelangiectatic rosacea, papulopustular rosacea, phymatous rosacea, and ocular rosacea. Still, it needs to be elucidated whether these subtypes develop in a consecutive serial fashion or if any subtypes may occur individually as part of a syndrome. Because rosacea often affects multiple family members, a genetic component is also suspected, but the genetic basis of rosacea remains unclear. During disease manifestation and early stage, the innate immune system and neurovascular dysregulation seem to be driving forces in rosacea pathophysiology. Dissection of major players for disease progression and in advanced stages is severely hampered by the complex activation of the innate and adaptive immune systems, enhanced neuroimmune communication, profound blood vessel and possibly lymphatic vessel changes, and activation of almost every resident cell in the skin. This review discusses some of the recent findings and aims to build unifying hypotheses for a modern understanding of rosacea pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Steinhoff
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, California.
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96
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Del Rosso JQ. Management of facial erythema of rosacea: what is the role of topical α-adrenergic receptor agonist therapy? J Am Acad Dermatol 2014; 69:S44-56. [PMID: 24229637 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2013.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2013] [Revised: 06/11/2013] [Accepted: 06/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Several more recent advances have led to a better understanding of the pathophysiologic mechanisms involved in rosacea and therapeutic modalities used for treatment. Although the clinical features may vary among patients, there are some unifying mechanisms that appear to relate to the more common presentations of rosacea. Both neurovascular dysregulation and augmented immune detection and response appear to play central roles that lead to many of the signs and symptoms of rosacea. Diffuse central facial erythema is a very common finding that intensifies during flares and persists to varying degrees between flares. This background of facial redness occurs secondary to vasodilation and fixed vascular changes that develop over time. Physical modalities are commonly used to treat the erythema that persists as a result of fixed changes in superficial cutaneous vasculature that do not remit after treatment with agents whose mechanisms are active primarily against some of the inflammatory processes operative in rosacea (ie metronidazole, azelaic acid, tetracyclines). As enlarged superficial cutaneous vessels that contribute to the fixed background facial redness of rosacea remain vasoactive to sympathetic nervous system innervation, topical α-adrenergic receptor agonists, namely brimonidine and oxymetazoline, are currently under evaluation for the treatment of facial erythema of rosacea. This article focuses on the clinical differentiation of facial erythema of rosacea and its management.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Q Del Rosso
- Dermatology Residency Program, Valley Hospital Medical Center Las Vegas, Las Vegas, Nevada; Dermatology, Touro University College of Osteopathic Medicine, Henderson, Nevada; Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, Las Vegas Skin and Cancer Clinics, Las Vegas and Henderson, Nevada.
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97
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Lachance PA, Hazen A, Sevick-Muraca EM. Lymphatic vascular response to acute inflammation. PLoS One 2013; 8:e76078. [PMID: 24086691 PMCID: PMC3785427 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0076078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2013] [Accepted: 08/20/2013] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
During acute inflammation, functioning lymphatics are believed to reduce edema and to provide a transiting route for immune cells, but the extent at which the dermal lymphatic remodeling impacts lymphatic transport or the factors regulating these changes remains unclear. Herein we quantify the increase in lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) and examine the expression of pro-angiogenenic and lymphangiogenic factors during acute cutaneous hypersensitivity (CHS). We found that LECs actively proliferate during CHS but that this proliferation does not affect the lymphatic vessel density. Instead, lymphatic remodeling is accompanied by lymphatic vessel leakiness and lower ejection of lymph fluid, which is observed only in the proximal lymphatic vessel draining the inflamed area. LECs and the immune cells release growth factors and cytokines during inflammation, which impact the lymphatic microenvironment and function. We identified that FGF-2, PLGF-2, HGF, EGF, and KC/CXCL17 are differentially expressed within tissues during acute CHS, but both VEGF-C and VEGF-D levels do not significantly change. Our results indicate that VEGF-C and VEGF-D are not the only players and other factors may be responsible for the LECs proliferation and altered lymphatic function in acute CHS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pier-Anne Lachance
- The Center for Molecular Imaging, The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Amy Hazen
- IMM Flow Cytometry Center, The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Eva M. Sevick-Muraca
- The Center for Molecular Imaging, The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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98
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Soares CT, Rosa PS, Trombone APF, Fachin LRV, Ghidella CC, Ura S, Barreto JA, Belone ADFF. Angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis in the spectrum of leprosy and its reactional forms. PLoS One 2013; 8:e74651. [PMID: 24040306 PMCID: PMC3765444 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0074651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2013] [Accepted: 08/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis are the processes of neovascularization that evolve from preexisting blood and lymphatic vessels. There are few studies on angiogenesis and none on lymphangiogenesis in leprosy. Thus, the role of neovascularization in the pathophysiological mechanisms of the disease was studied across the spectrum of leprosy, its reactional states and its residual lesions. Methodology/Principal Findings Seventy-six biopsies of leprosy skin lesions and seven healthy controls were selected. Fifty-five serum samples were used for the detection of CD105 by ELISA. Histological sections were stained with antibodies against CD31 (blood and lymphatic vessels), D2-40/podoplanin (lymphatic vessels), and CD105/endoglin (neovessels). Microvessels were counted in 100 high-power fields (400x) and the number of vessels was evaluated in relation to the extension of the inflammatory infiltrate (0-3), to the bacillary index (0-6) and to the clinical forms. Angiogenesis, as marked by CD31 and CD105, was observed across the leprosy spectrum, compared with the controls. Additionally, there was a positive correlation between these markers with extension of the infiltrate (p <0.0001). For D2/40, lymphangiogenesis was observed in the tuberculoid form (p <0.0001). There was no statistical significance for values of CD105 detected in plasma by ELISA. Conclusions/Significance Angiogenesis is present across the spectrum of leprosy and in its reactional forms. The increase in the number of vessels, as detected by CD31 and CD105 staining, is related to the extension of the inflammatory infiltrate. Samples from reactional lesions have a higher number of CD31+ and CD105+ stained vessels, which indicates their involvement in the pathophysiological mechanisms of the reactional states. The regression of lesions is accompanied by the regression of neovascularization. Drugs inhibiting angiogenesis may be relevant in the treatment of leprosy, in addition to multidrugtherapy, and in the prevention of the development of reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Patrícia Sammarco Rosa
- Division of Research and Education, Lauro de Souza Lima Institute, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Cássio César Ghidella
- Ambulatory of Leprosy, Jardim Guanabara Health Center, Rondonópolis, Mato Grosso, Brazil
| | - Somei Ura
- Ambulatory of Leprosy, Division of Dermatology, Lauro de Souza Lima Institute, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jaison Antonio Barreto
- Ambulatory of Leprosy, Division of Dermatology, Lauro de Souza Lima Institute, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
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Hill A, Geißler S, Meyring M, Hecht S, Weigandt M, Mäder K. In vitro–in vivo evaluation of nanosuspension release from subcutaneously implantable osmotic pumps. Int J Pharm 2013; 451:57-66. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2013.04.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2013] [Revised: 04/13/2013] [Accepted: 04/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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100
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