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Liu T, Yang L, Chen H, García-de-Alcaraz A. Impact of Possession and Player Position on Physical and Technical-Tactical Performance Indicators in the Chinese Football Super League. Front Psychol 2021; 12:722200. [PMID: 34659035 PMCID: PMC8511401 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.722200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of high (HPBPT) and low percentage ball possession teams (LPBPT) on physical and technical-tactical performance indicators in the Chinese Football Super League (CSL). Eight physical performance indicators and 26 technical-tactical performance indicators from all 240 matches from season 2018 were analyzed, as well as three contextual variables (team strength, quality of opposition, and match location). Players were divided according to five positions: fullbacks, central defenders, wide midfielders, central midfielders, and attackers. A k-means cluster analysis was conducted to classify all match observations into two groups: HPBPT (n = 229) and LPBPT (n = 251). A mixed linear model was fitted with contextual variables as covariates. When significant interactions or main effects were detected, a post hoc comparison was used to compare physical and technical/tactical differences between HPBPT and LPBPT. Results showed that central defenders and fullbacks covered more high-intensity and sprint running distance in the high possession teams, while wide midfielders and forward covered more high-intensity and sprint running distance in the low possession teams. Meanwhile, players from high ball possession teams were strong in technical indicators, especially in attacking organization. These results may help coaches to understand current football development trends and develop suitable training plans and tests for elite football players.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianbiao Liu
- School of Physical Education and Sports Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Lang Yang
- School of Physical Education and Sports Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Huimin Chen
- School of Physical Education and Sports Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Antonio García-de-Alcaraz
- Department of Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Almería, Almería, Spain.,SPORT Research Group (CTS-1024), University of Almería, Almería, Spain
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Freire LA, de Brito MA, Esteves NS, Tannure M, Slimani M, Znazen H, Bragazzi NL, Brito CJ, Soto DAS, Gonçalves D, Miarka B. Running Performance of High-Level Soccer Player Positions Induces Significant Muscle Damage and Fatigue Up to 24 h Postgame. Front Psychol 2021; 12:708725. [PMID: 34594273 PMCID: PMC8477007 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.708725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the impact of a soccer game on the creatine kinase (Ck) response and recovery and the specific Global Positioning System (GPS)-accelerometry-derived performance analysis during matches and comparing playing positions. A sample composed of 118 observations of 24 professional soccer teams of the Brazil League Serie A was recruited and classified according to playing positions, i.e., Left/Right Defenders (D = 30, age: 25.2 ± 5.8 years, height: 187 ± 5.5 cm, weight: 80 ± 5.8 kg), Offensive Midfielders (OM = 44, age: 25.1 ± 0.2 years, height: 177 ± 0.3 cm, weight: 73 ± 1.2 kg), Forwards (F = 9, age: 25.1 ± 0.2 years, height: 176.9 ± 4.3 cm, weight: 74.5 ± 2.1 kg), Left/Right Wingers (M = 23, age: 24.5 ± 0.5 years, height: 175 ± 1.1 cm, weight: 74 ± 4.4 kg), and Strikers (S = 12, age: 28 ± 0.2 years, height: 184 ± 1.0 cm, weight: 80 ± 1.4 kg). Blood Ck concentration was measured pre-, immediately post-, and 24 h postgame, and the GPS-accelerometry parameters were assessed during games. Findings demonstrated that Ck concentrations were higher at all postgame moments when compared with pregame, with incomplete recovery markers being identified up to 24 h after the game (range: 402–835 U/L). Moreover, Midfielders (108.6 ± 5.6 m/min) and Forwards (109.1 ± 8.3 m/min) had a higher relative distance vs. other positions (100.9 ± 10.1 m/min). Strikers [8.2 (8.1, 9.05) load/min] and Defenders [8.45 (8, 8.8) load/min] demonstrated lower load/min than Wingers [9.5 (9.2, 9.8) load/min], Midfielders [10.6 (9.9, 11.67) load/min], and Forwards [11 (10.65, 11, 15) load/min]. These results could be used to adopt specific training programs and recovery strategies after match according to the playing positions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Albuquerque Freire
- Department of Fights, Postgraduate Program in Physical Education, School of Physical Education and Sports, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Michele Andrade de Brito
- Department of Fights, Postgraduate Program in Physical Education, School of Physical Education and Sports, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Natã Sant'anna Esteves
- Department of Fights, Postgraduate Program in Physical Education, School of Physical Education and Sports, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Márcio Tannure
- Department of Fights, Postgraduate Program in Physical Education, School of Physical Education and Sports, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Maamer Slimani
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), Section of Psychiatry, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Hela Znazen
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, College of Education, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nicola Luigi Bragazzi
- Laboratory for Industrial and Applied Mathematics, Department of Mathematics and Statistics, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ciro José Brito
- Postgraduate Program in Physical Education, School of Physical Education and Sports, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil
| | | | - Daniel Gonçalves
- Department of Fights, Postgraduate Program in Physical Education, School of Physical Education and Sports, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Bianca Miarka
- Department of Fights, Postgraduate Program in Physical Education, School of Physical Education and Sports, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Influence of the Area per Player in Non-Professional Soccer Players: A Pilot Study Focused on Positional Roles. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18189833. [PMID: 34574757 PMCID: PMC8472487 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18189833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
This study analyses the influence of different area per player (AP; 75, 98 and 131 m2) on the average metabolic power (MP) and other soccer-related performance variables in relation to the positional roles. We recruited 19 non-professional male soccer players (25.2 ± 6.3 y; 23.7 ± 2.3 kg/m2; 16.4 ± 6.3 y soccer experience) to play three different small-sided games (SSGs): SSG1 (5 vs. 5; 30 × 30 m; 5 min), SSG2 (5 vs. 5; 35 × 45 m; 5 min) and SSG3 (7 vs. 7; 35 × 45 m; 8 min). Specific playing rules were applied. GPS-assessed soccer-related variables were: average MP (AMP), distance covered in 1 min (DIS); % time spent at high speed (v > 16 km/h; % hst) or MP (>20 W/kg; % hmpt); % distance covered at high positive/negative speed (2 < v < 4 m/s2, % ACC; −6 < v < −2 m/s2, % DEC); and number of actions at high MP (hmpa). All recorded variables differed when each SSG was compared to the others (p < 0.05), but for hmpa for attackers. Most performance variables were positively associated with increasing AP (p < 0.05), but for % ACC and % DEC, and differed among positional roles within the same SSG (p < 0.05). Here the general applicability of SSGs, regardless the physical/technical skills of the group of players, to enhance performance is confirmed; furthermore, quantitative advices on AMP and other performance variables are provided to achieve significant improvements in all soccer players of the team.
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Altmann S, Forcher L, Ruf L, Beavan A, Groß T, Lussi P, Woll A, Härtel S. Match-related physical performance in professional soccer: Position or player specific? PLoS One 2021; 16:e0256695. [PMID: 34506520 PMCID: PMC8432651 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0256695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine to what extent the physical match performance of professional soccer players is both position and player specific. First, official match data from the 2019/20 German Bundesliga season was used to search for players that met the inclusion criteria of playing a minimum of four entire matches in at least two different playing positions. Overall, 25 players met the criteria prior to the COVID-19 induced break, playing a minimum of eight matches. Second, the physical match performance of these players was analyzed separately for each position they played. The following four parameters were captured: total distance, high-intensity distance, sprinting distance, and accelerations. Third, the 25 players’ physical match performance data was then compared to normative data for each position they played to understand whether players adapted their physical performance (position dependent), or maintained their performance regardless of which position they were assigned to (position independent). When switching the position, the change in physical match performance of the respective players could be explained by 44–58% through the normative positional data. Moreover, there existed large individual differences in the way players adapted or maintained their performance when acting in different positions. Coaches and practitioners should be aware that some professional soccer players will likely incur differences in the composition of physical match performance when switching positions and therefore should pay special consideration for such differences in the training and recovery process of these players.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Altmann
- TSG ResearchLab gGmbH, Zuzenhausen, Germany
- Department for Performance Analysis, Institute of Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Leon Forcher
- Department for Performance Analysis, Institute of Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Ludwig Ruf
- TSG ResearchLab gGmbH, Zuzenhausen, Germany
- TSG 1899 Hoffenheim, Zuzenhausen, Germany
| | | | - Timo Groß
- TSG 1899 Hoffenheim, Zuzenhausen, Germany
| | | | - Alexander Woll
- Department for Performance Analysis, Institute of Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
- Department for Social and Health Sciences in Sport, Institute of Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
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Football de haut-niveau : analyses physique et physiologique – blessures et prévention. Sci Sports 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.scispo.2021.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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56
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Physical Activity of the Right- and Left-Footed Professional Soccer Players from Symmetrical Defensive Positions. Symmetry (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/sym13091551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The main purpose of this study was to compare the physical match performance of right- and left-footed external defenders during official matches of Polish Ekstraklasa. The sample comprised 991 individual observations from 296 matches during the 2019/2020 season. Variables such as total distance, distance covered in high-speed running and sprinting, and number of high-intensity runs were analysed. Additionally, the data were presented in relation to match duration and effective playing time. Right external defenders (right ED) covered significantly longer total distance (p < 0.001, 1.5%), high-speed running distance (p < 0.001, 5.6%) and sprinting distance (p < 0.001, 11.4%) compared to left external defenders (left ED). The number of high-intensity runs was greater for right RD as well (p < 0.001, 6.4%). Physical match activity for left ED who are left-footed was significantly higher (p < 0.001) in comparison with right-footed left ED. The number of offensive actions played on the right side of the pitch was significantly (p < 0.001) higher than those performed on the left side. Players whose dominant foot is in accordance with the side of the pitch cover longer distances during the match. Moreover, the number of offensive actions played through the wings could affect the physical performance of external defenders.
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Yilmaz N, Alemdaroğlu U, Köklü Y, Türkdoğan H, Aşçi A. The effect of a six-week plyometric training performed with different set configurations on explosive performance: cluster vs. traditional set configurations. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 2021; 61:892-898. [PMID: 34296838 DOI: 10.23736/s0022-4707.20.11543-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to compare the effects on jump, sprint and change of direction performance of a 6-week plyometric training performed using two different set configurations. METHODS Twenty-five male soccer players (age 15.04±0.84 years; height 172.3±6.3 cm; weight 56.18±8.7 kg) from the same U16 team of a professional club voluntarily participated in the study. Countermovement jump (CMJ), squat jump (SJ), standing long jump (SLJ), zigzag agility test, 10 m and 20 m sprint performance tests were carried out in the week before and the week after the 6-week plyometric training period. After pretests, players were allocated to the cluster (CLS; N.=9), traditional (TRD; N.=8), or control groups (CON; N.=8) according to pretest results. RESULTS The results of this study show that the CLS group had significantly greater improvements than the CON group in all tests except the zigzag test, while the TRD group showed significant improvement in sprint tests, SJ and SLJ compared to the CON group (p <0.05). Also, both CLS and TRD groups had significantly better performance in post-test than in pre-tests in all cases except for the TRD group Zigzag test. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that coaches may be advised to use the CLS set configuration since it is as effective as traditional methods, but poses lower risk in terms of performance decrement and injury due to fatigue and technical deformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazire Yilmaz
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Pamukkale University, Denizli, Turkey
| | - Utku Alemdaroğlu
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Pamukkale University, Denizli, Turkey -
| | - Yusuf Köklü
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Pamukkale University, Denizli, Turkey
| | - Harun Türkdoğan
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Pamukkale University, Denizli, Turkey
| | - Alper Aşçi
- School of Physical Education and Sports, Haliç University, Istanbul, Turkey
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58
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Effects of Match Location, Quality of Opposition and Match Outcome on Match Running Performance in a Portuguese Professional Football Team. ENTROPY 2021; 23:e23080973. [PMID: 34441113 PMCID: PMC8391710 DOI: 10.3390/e23080973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of match location, quality of opposition and match outcome on match running performance according to playing position in a Portuguese professional football team. Twenty-three male professional football players were monitored from eighteen Portuguese Football League matches during the 2019-2020 season. Global positioning system technology (GPS) was used to collect time-motion data. The match running performance was obtained from five playing positions: central defenders (CD), fullbacks (FB), central midfielders (CM), wide midfielders (WM) and forwards (FW). Match running performance was analyzed within specific position and contextual factors using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) for repeated measures, standardized (Cohen) differences and smallest worthwhile change. CM and WM players covered significantly greater total distance (F = 15.45, p = 0.000, η2 = 0.334) and average speed (F = 12.79, p < 0.001, η2 = 0.294). WM and FB players covered higher distances at high-speed running (F = 16.93, p = 0.000, η2 = 0.355) and sprinting (F = 13.49; p < 0.001, η2 = 0.305). WM players covered the highest number of accelerations (F = 4.69, p < 0.001, η2 = 0.132) and decelerations (F = 12.21, p < 0.001, η2 = 0.284). The match running performance was influenced by match location (d = 0.06-2.04; CI: -0.42-2.31; SWC = 0.01-1.10), quality of opposition (d = 0.13-2.14; CI: -0.02-2.60; SWC = 0.01-1.55) and match outcome (d = 0.01-2.49; CI: -0.01-2.31; SWC = 0.01-0.35). Contextual factors influenced the match running performance with differential effects between playing positions. This study provides the first report about the contextual influence on match running performance in a Portuguese professional football team. Future research should also integrate tactical and technical key indicators when analyzing the match-related contextual influence on match running performance.
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Motion Analysis of Match Play in U14 Male Soccer Players and the Influence of Position, Competitive Level and Contextual Variables. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18147287. [PMID: 34299737 PMCID: PMC8307654 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18147287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate match running performance in U14 male soccer players in Norway, and the influence of position, competitive level and contextual factors on running performance. Locomotion was monitored in 64 different U14 players during 23 official matches. Matches were played at two different competitive levels: U14 elite level (n = 7) and U14 sub-elite level (n = 16). The inclusion criterion was completed match halves played in the same playing position. The variables’ influence on match running performance was assessed using mixed-effect models, pairwise comparisons with Bonferroni correction, and effect size. The results showed that the U14 players, on average, moved 7645 ± 840 m during a match, of which 1730 ± 681 m (22.6%) included high-intensity running (HIR, 13.5–18.5 km·h−1) and sprinting (>18.5 km·h−1). Wide midfielders (WM) and fullbacks (FB) covered the greatest sprint distance (569 ± 40 m) and, in addition to the centre midfield position (CM), also covered the greatest total distance (TD) (8014 ± 140 m) and HIR distance (1446 ± 64 m). Centre forwards (CF) performed significantly more accelerations (49.5 ± 3.8) compared other positions. TD (7952 ± 120 m vs. 7590 ± 94 m) and HIR (1432 ± 57 m vs. 1236 ± 43 m) were greater in U14 elite-level matches compared with sub-elite matches. Greater TD and sprint distances were performed in home matches, but, on the other hand, more accelerations and decelerations were performed in matches played away or in neutral locations. Significantly higher TD, HIR and sprinting distances were also found in lost or drawn matches. In conclusion, physical performance during matches is highly related to playing position, and wide positions seem to be the most physically demanding. Further, competitive level and contextual match variables are associated with players’ running performance.
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Nobari H, Khalili SM, Oliveira R, Castillo-Rodríguez A, Pérez-Gómez J, Ardigò LP. Comparison of Official and Friendly Matches through Acceleration, Deceleration and Metabolic Power Measures: A Full-Season Study in Professional Soccer Players. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18115980. [PMID: 34199573 PMCID: PMC8199659 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18115980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Soccer is a popular team sport and highly demanding activity that requires high effort and long-term training plans. The goals of this study were to compare the accelerations, decelerations and metabolic power between official and friendly full matches, between the first and second halves of the matches, and between both halves of official and friendly matches. Twelve professional soccer players (age, 28.6 ± 2.7 years; height, 182.1 ± 8.6 cm; body mass, 75.3 ± 8.2 kg; BMI, 22.6 ± 0.7 kg/m2) participated in this study. A total of 33 official and 10 friendly matches were analyzed from the Iranian Premier League. All matches were monitored using GPSPORTS systems Pty Ltd. The following variables were selected: total duration of the matches, metabolic power, accelerations Zone1 (<2 m·s-2) (AccZ1), accelerations Zone2 (2 to 4 m·s-2) (AccZ2), accelerations Zone3 (>4 m·s-2) (AccZ3), decelerations Zone1 (<-2 m·s-2) (DecZ1), decelerations Zone2 (-2 to -4 m·s-2) (DecZ2) and decelerations Zone3 (>-4 m·s-2) (DecZ3). The major finding was shown in metabolic power, where higher values occurred in friendly matches (p < 0.05 with small effect size). Furthermore, total duration, AccZ3, DecZ1, DecZ2, and DecZ3 were revealed to be higher in official matches, while AccZ1 and AccZ2 were higher in friendly matches. The second half of the official matches revealed higher values for total duration compared to friendly matches (p < 0.05, moderate effect size). In conclusion, this study observed higher values of metabolic power in friendly matches compared to official matches. AccZ3, DecZ1, DecZ2, and DecZ3 were higher in official matches, while AccZ1 and AccZ2 were higher in friendly matches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadi Nobari
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, University of Granada, 18010 Granada, Spain;
- HEME Research Group, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain; (S.M.K.); (J.P.-G.)
- Sports Scientist, Sepahan Football Club, Isfahan 81887-78473, Iran
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Isfahan, Isfahan 81746-7344, Iran
- Correspondence: (H.N.); (L.P.A.)
| | - Sara Mahmoudzadeh Khalili
- HEME Research Group, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain; (S.M.K.); (J.P.-G.)
- Department of Health and Sport Rehabilitation, Faculty of Sport Sciences and Health, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran 198396-3113, Iran
| | - Rafael Oliveira
- ESDRM-IPS-Sports Science School of Rio Maior—Polytechnic Institute of Santarém, 2040-413 Rio Maior, Portugal;
- Research Centre in Sport Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development, Quinta de Prados, Edifício Ciências de Desporto, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Life Quality Research Centre, Complexo Andaluz, Apartado 279, 2001-904 Santarém, Portugal
| | | | - Jorge Pérez-Gómez
- HEME Research Group, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain; (S.M.K.); (J.P.-G.)
| | - Luca Paolo Ardigò
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, School of Exercise and Sport Science, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy
- Correspondence: (H.N.); (L.P.A.)
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da Silva CD, Machado G, Fernandes AA, Teoldo I, Pimenta EM, Marins JCB, Garcia ES. Muscle Damage-Based Recovery Strategies Can Be Supported by Predictive Capacity of Specific Global Positioning System Accelerometry Parameters Immediately a Post-Soccer Match-Load. J Strength Cond Res 2021; 35:1410-1418. [PMID: 30363040 DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0000000000002922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT da Silva, CD, Machado, G, Fernandes, AA, Teoldo, I, Pimenta, EM, Marins, JCB, and Garcia, ES. Muscle damage-based recovery strategies can be supported by predictive capacity of specific global positioning system accelerometry parameters immediately after soccer match-load. J Strength Cond Res 35(5): 1410-1418, 2021-Soccer match-load can be linked to recovery kinetic markers. However, match variability hinders the magnitude of relationship between parameters of interest. Therefore, we examined the correlation between 21 global positioning system accelerometry (GPS-A) parameters and changes in serum creatine kinase (CK) concentrations, muscle soreness (MS), and perceptive recovery quality (PRQ) assessed at baseline (1 h before) and post (0 minute, 2, 4, and 24 hours) a standardized 90-minute match-simulation in 20 university players. Global positioning system accelerometry (15 Hz) data were tested as manufacturer and configurable thresholds. Four GPS-A parameters showed moderate to very large correlations with CK changes at all time points (average speed [avgSP, r = 0.75 to r = 0.84]; running symmetry foot strikes [RSfst, r = 0.53-0.63]; running series [RunS, r = 0.53-0.61]; and acceleration distance [AccD ≥ 1.5 m·s-2; r = 0.46-0.61]). Sprint count (≥2 m·s-2), AccD (≥2.5 m·s-2) and speed exertion (SpEx) had a moderate to large correlation (r = 0.46-0.56) with CK changes from 2 to 24 hours. Changes in MS at 0 minute had large correlation with avgSP (r = 0.53) and moderate with deceleration distance (≥-2 and ≥-3 m·s-2; r = 0.47, r = 0.48, respectively). The PRQ changes had moderate inverse correlation with avgSP at 0 minute (r = -0.39) and SpEx at 2 h (r = -0.69). Our results suggest that during a simulated soccer protocol with a standard workload, only the avgSP has practical application for predicting CK changes over 24 hours, allowing for a decision-making toward a postgame recovery based on previously known CK cutoff points. Global positioning system accelerometry parameters and subjective variables did not demonstrate relevant correlation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiano D da Silva
- Department of Physical Education, Institute of Life Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Governador Valadares, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Machado
- Department of Physical Education, Center of Research and Studies in Soccer, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Alex Andrade Fernandes
- Federal Institute for Education, Science and Technology of Minas Gerais, Governador Valadares, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Israel Teoldo
- Department of Physical Education, Center of Research and Studies in Soccer, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Eduardo M Pimenta
- School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - João C B Marins
- Department of Physical Education, Human Performance Laboratory, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil ; and
| | - Emerson S Garcia
- Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Maranhão, Maranhão, Brazil
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Marris J, Barrett S, Abt G, Towlson C. Quantifying technical actions in professional soccer using foot-mounted inertial measurement units. SCI MED FOOTBALL 2021; 6:203-214. [DOI: 10.1080/24733938.2021.1910333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Marris
- Department of Sport, Health and Exercise Science, University of Hull, Kingston upon Hull, UK
- Sports Science and Medicine Department, Hull City AFC, Kingston upon Hull, UK
| | - Steve Barrett
- Department of Sports Science and Research Innovation, PlayerMaker™, London, UK
| | - Grant Abt
- Department of Sport, Health and Exercise Science, University of Hull, Kingston upon Hull, UK
| | - Chris Towlson
- Department of Sport, Health and Exercise Science, University of Hull, Kingston upon Hull, UK
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Kompetenzdiagnose im Wirtschaftsbereich Fußballsport: Das Kompetenzinventar Profifußball (KIPF). GIO-GRUPPE-INTERAKTION-ORGANISATION-ZEITSCHRIFT FUER ANGEWANDTE ORGANISATIONSPSYCHOLOGIE 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11612-021-00571-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
ZusammenfassungIn einer zunehmend professionalisierten Welt des Fußballsports wächst auch die Bedeutung einer theoretisch fundierten Kompetenzentwicklung bei Profifußballspielern. Mit dem Kompetenzinventar Profifußball (KIPF) wird in diesem Beitrag in der Zeitschrift Gruppe. Interaktion. Organisation. (GIO) ein Fragebogeninstrument vorgestellt, um die beruflichen Handlungskompetenzen im Berufsfeld Profifußball messbar zu machen. Das KIPF basiert auf einem Kompetenzstrukturmodell, dessen Entwicklung anhand einer Literaturrecherche und auf Grundlage von Experteninterviews dargestellt wird. Der Entwicklungsprozess der Fragebogenitems, die Durchführung einer explorativen sowie einer konfirmatorischen Faktorenanalyse und die Überprüfung psychometrischer Gütekriterien werden ausführlich beschrieben. Die Entwicklung und Validierung basieren auf den quantitativen Daten von insgesamt 427 Fußballspielern. Die finale Version des KIPF umfasst die acht Kompetenzdimensionen Taktisches Wissen, Wissen zu Ernährung und Gesundheit, Einsatz von Resilienzmethoden, Umgang mit Medien, Kommunikationsfähigkeit, Teamunterstützende Anpassungsfähigkeit, Mentale Stärke sowie Kritikfähigkeit. Jede Kompetenzdimension wird mit drei Items erfasst. Abschließend werden die Einsatzmöglichkeiten in der Praxis (für Trainer, Verbandsfunktionäre, Spielerberater, Profifußballer) sowie in der Wissenschaft vorgestellt und Möglichkeiten der Übertragung beispielsweise auf den Frauenfußball, andere kulturelle Kontexte und weitere Mannschaftssportarten diskutiert.
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Arjol-Serrano JL, Lampre M, Díez A, Castillo D, Sanz-López F, Lozano D. The Influence of Playing Formation on Physical Demands and Technical-Tactical Actions According to Playing Positions in an Elite Soccer Team. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18084148. [PMID: 33919928 PMCID: PMC8070941 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18084148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine the differences in the physical demands and technical-tactical actions encountered by soccer players between two playing formations (1-4-2-3-1 and 1-4-4-2) for each playing position. Twenty-three professional male soccer players who played 31 official matches participated in this study. Players were classified according to their playing position: central defenders (CD), wide defenders (WD), central midfielders (CM), wide midfielders (WM), offensive midfielders (OM) and forwards (FW). The physical demands were collected as total distance (TD), distance covered in different speed thresholds, and number of accelerations and decelerations. Also, the technical-tactical variables were recorded. The results showed that the 1-4-2-3-1 playing formation demanded decelerations between 2–4 m·s2 (p = 0.027; ES = 0.26) in comparison with 1-4-4-2 for all players. Likewise, forwards (FW) and central midfielders (CM) registered higher physical demands playing with the 1-4-2-3-1 compared to the 1-4-4-2 formation. Regarding the technical-tactical actions, they showed differences between the playing positions of the two playing formations. The findings suggest coaches prescribe specific training programs based on the influence of the playing formation and playing position on the physical demands and technical-tactical actions encountered by players during official match-play.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Luis Arjol-Serrano
- Health Sciences Faculty, Universidad San Jorge, 50830 Zaragoza, Spain; (J.L.A.-S.); (M.L.); (A.D.)
| | - Miguel Lampre
- Health Sciences Faculty, Universidad San Jorge, 50830 Zaragoza, Spain; (J.L.A.-S.); (M.L.); (A.D.)
| | - Adrián Díez
- Health Sciences Faculty, Universidad San Jorge, 50830 Zaragoza, Spain; (J.L.A.-S.); (M.L.); (A.D.)
| | - Daniel Castillo
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Isabel I, 09003 Burgos, Spain;
| | - Fernando Sanz-López
- National Sports Medicine Program (NSMP) Aspetar Orthopedics and Sports Medicine Hospital, 29222 Doha, Qatar;
| | - Demetrio Lozano
- Health Sciences Faculty, Universidad San Jorge, 50830 Zaragoza, Spain; (J.L.A.-S.); (M.L.); (A.D.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-976-060-100
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65
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Teixeira JE, Forte P, Ferraz R, Leal M, Ribeiro J, Silva AJ, Barbosa TM, Monteiro AM. Monitoring Accumulated Training and Match Load in Football: A Systematic Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:3906. [PMID: 33917802 PMCID: PMC8068156 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18083906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
(1) Background: Training load monitoring has become a relevant research-practice gap to control training and match demands in team sports. However, there are no systematic reviews about accumulated training and match load in football. (2) Methods: Following the preferred reporting item for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA), a systematic search of relevant English-language articles was performed from earliest record to March 2020. The search included descriptors relevant to football, training load, and periodization. (3) Results: The literature search returned 7972 articles (WoS = 1204; Pub-Med = 869, SCOPUS = 5083, and SportDiscus = 816). After screening, 36 full-text articles met the inclusion criteria and were reviewed. Eleven of the included articles analyzed weekly training load distribution; fourteen, the weekly training load and match load distribution; and eleven were about internal and external load relationships during training. The reviewed articles were based on short-telemetry systems (n = 12), global positioning tracking systems (n = 25), local position measurement systems (n = 3), and multiple-camera systems (n = 3). External load measures were quantified with distance and covered distance in different speed zones (n = 27), acceleration and deceleration (n = 13) thresholds, accelerometer metrics (n = 11), metabolic power output (n = 4), and ratios/scores (n = 6). Additionally, the internal load measures were reported with perceived exertion (n = 16); heart-rate-based measures were reported in twelve studies (n = 12). (4) Conclusions: The weekly microcycle presented a high loading variation and a limited variation across a competitive season. The magnitude of loading variation seems to be influenced by the type of week, player's starting status, playing positions, age group, training mode and contextual variables. The literature has focused mainly on professional men; future research should be on the youth and female accumulated training/match load monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- José E. Teixeira
- Research Centre in Sports Sciences, Health and Human Development, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (P.F.); (R.F.); (A.J.S.); (T.M.B.); (A.M.M.)
- Department of Sports, Exercise and Health Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Pedro Forte
- Research Centre in Sports Sciences, Health and Human Development, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (P.F.); (R.F.); (A.J.S.); (T.M.B.); (A.M.M.)
- Departamento de Ciências do Desporto e Educação Física, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
- Department of Sports, Douro Higher Institute of Educational Sciences, 4560-708 Penafiel, Portugal; (M.L.); (J.R.)
| | - Ricardo Ferraz
- Research Centre in Sports Sciences, Health and Human Development, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (P.F.); (R.F.); (A.J.S.); (T.M.B.); (A.M.M.)
- Department of Sports Sciences, University of Beira Interior, 6201-001 Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Miguel Leal
- Department of Sports, Douro Higher Institute of Educational Sciences, 4560-708 Penafiel, Portugal; (M.L.); (J.R.)
| | - Joana Ribeiro
- Department of Sports, Douro Higher Institute of Educational Sciences, 4560-708 Penafiel, Portugal; (M.L.); (J.R.)
| | - António J. Silva
- Research Centre in Sports Sciences, Health and Human Development, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (P.F.); (R.F.); (A.J.S.); (T.M.B.); (A.M.M.)
- Department of Sports, Exercise and Health Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Tiago M. Barbosa
- Research Centre in Sports Sciences, Health and Human Development, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (P.F.); (R.F.); (A.J.S.); (T.M.B.); (A.M.M.)
- Departamento de Ciências do Desporto e Educação Física, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - António M. Monteiro
- Research Centre in Sports Sciences, Health and Human Development, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (P.F.); (R.F.); (A.J.S.); (T.M.B.); (A.M.M.)
- Departamento de Ciências do Desporto e Educação Física, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
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66
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Szigeti G, Schuth G, Revisnyei P, Pasic A, Szilas A, Gabbett T, Pavlik G. Quantification of Training Load Relative to Match Load of Youth National Team Soccer Players. Sports Health 2021; 14:84-91. [PMID: 33813955 DOI: 10.1177/19417381211004902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have examined the training load relative to match load in club settings. The aims of this study were to (1) quantify the external training load relative to match load in days before a subsequent international game and (2) examine the cumulative training load in relation to match load of U-17 national team field soccer players. HYPOTHESIS Volume and intensity load parameters will vary between trainings; the farthermost trainings have the highest load gradually decreasing toward the match. STUDY DESIGN Prospective cohort study. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level 4. METHODS External training load data were collected from 84 youth national team players using global positioning technology between 2016 and 2020. In the national team setting, training load data were obtained from 3 days before the actual match day (MD-3, MD-2, MD-1 days) and analyzed with regard to the number of days up to the game. Volume and intensity parameters were calculated as a percentage of the subsequent match load. RESULTS Significant differences were found between MD-1 and MD-2, as well as between MD-1 and MD-3 for most volume parameters (P < 0.01; effect sizes [ESs] 0.68-0.99) and high-intensity distance (P < 0.002; ES 0.67 and 0.73) and maximum velocity (P < 0.002; ES 0.82) as intensity parameters. Most cumulative values were significantly different from total duration (P < 0.001, common language ES 0.80-0.96). CONCLUSION The training volume gradually decreased as match day approached, with the highest volume occurring on MD-3. Intensity variables, such as maximum velocity, high-intensity accelerations, and meterage per minute were larger in MD-1 training relative to match load. Training volume was lowest in MD-1 trainings and highest in MD-3 trainings; intensity however varies between training days. CLINICAL RELEVANCE The findings of this study may help to understand the special preparational demands of international matches, highlighting the role of decreased training volume and increased intensity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyorgy Szigeti
- Department of Strength and Conditioning and Sport Science, Hungarian Football Federation, Budapest, Hungary.,Department of Health Sciences and Sport Medicine, University of Physical Education, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gabor Schuth
- Department of Strength and Conditioning and Sport Science, Hungarian Football Federation, Budapest, Hungary.,Department of Health Sciences and Sport Medicine, University of Physical Education, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Peter Revisnyei
- Budapest University of Technology and Economics (BME), MTA-BME Information Systems Research Group, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Alija Pasic
- Budapest University of Technology and Economics (BME), MTA-BME Information Systems Research Group, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Adam Szilas
- Department of Strength and Conditioning and Sport Science, Hungarian Football Federation, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tim Gabbett
- Gabbett Performance Solutions, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Centre for Health Research, University of Southern Queensland, Ipswich, Queensland, Australia
| | - Gabor Pavlik
- Department of Health Sciences and Sport Medicine, University of Physical Education, Budapest, Hungary
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67
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Kubayi A. Technical demands of the various playing positions in the qualifying matches for the European football championship. INT J PERF ANAL SPOR 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/24748668.2021.1901436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alliance Kubayi
- Department of Sport, Rehabilitation and Dental Sciences, Faculty of Science, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria, South Africa
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68
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Machine Learning-Based Identification of the Strongest Predictive Variables of Winning and Losing in Belgian Professional Soccer. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11052378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to identify the strongest predictive variables of winning and losing in the highest Belgian soccer division. A predictive machine learning model based on a broad range of variables (n = 100) was constructed, using a dataset consisting of 576 games. To avoid multicollinearity and reduce dimensionality, Variance Inflation Factor (threshold of 5) and BorutaShap were respectively applied. A total of 13 variables remained and were used to predict winning or losing using Extreme Gradient Boosting. TreeExplainer was applied to determine feature importance on a global and local level. The model showed an accuracy of 89.6% ± 3.1% (precision: 88.9%; recall: 90.1%, f1-score: 89.5%), correctly classifying 516 out of 576 games. Shots on target from the attacking penalty box showed to be the best predictor. Several physical indicators are amongst the best predictors, as well as contextual variables such as ELO -ratings, added transfers value of the benched players and match location. The results show the added value of the inclusion of a broad spectrum of variables when predicting and evaluating game outcomes. Similar modelling approaches can be used by clubs to identify the strongest predictive variables for their leagues, and evaluate and improve their current quantitative analyses.
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69
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Heart Rate Variability and Physical Demands of In-Season Youth Elite Soccer Players. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18041391. [PMID: 33546227 PMCID: PMC7913319 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18041391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Monitoring fatigue and performance is important for adjusting training loads in soccer. Therefore, knowing the status of the player when applying a training stimulus is key to optimizing the players' development. This study aims to evaluate the interaction between internal and external load, during training and matches, in an elite youth soccer team. METHODS seventeen youth players of the highest Spanish category were monitored with GPS devices during training and matches, as well as recording their nocturnal heart rate variability (HRV). We employed a linear mixed model to assess the physical demands between training and matches, and to compare the HRV variables. RESULTS a higher total distance (+2993.35-5746.56 m; ES = 1.4), distance at high intensity (+641.24-1907 m; ES = 1.5), sprint distance (+350.46-795.05 m; ES = 2.1), number of sprints (+18.38-41.58; ES = 1.9), and number of repeated sprints (+5.91-15.30; ES = 1.7) (all p < 0.001), but not in the number of accelerations, were reported during the matches when compared to the training sessions during the 11 weeks. The analysis of the HRV variables showed no significant differences between the accumulated values during a training week, providing similar results pre-match or post-match (p > 0.05). The LF/HFRATIO showed a negative influence on the total distance ran, distance at high intensity, distance in sprint, number of sprints, and repeated sprint. RRMEAN was positively related to the sprint number. CONCLUSION the results of the present study suggest that nocturnal HRV variables are not different between pre-match and post-match. Furthermore, it suggests that LF/HFRATIO and RRMEAN during pre-match can determine the external load that the player will be able to complete during the match.
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70
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Li C, Zhao Y. Comparison of Goal Scoring Patterns in "The Big Five" European Football Leagues. Front Psychol 2021; 11:619304. [PMID: 33519643 PMCID: PMC7838214 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.619304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of the study was to compare goal scoring patterns among the “Big Five” European football leagues during the 2009/2010–2018/2019 seasons. A total of 18 pattern dimensions related to the offense pattern, the shooting situation and the scoring time period were evaluated. Kruskal–Wallis analyses revealed significant pattern differences among the five leagues. The Spanish La Liga showed a greater proportion of goals from throw-ins. The English Premier League had a higher tendency to score from corner kicks. The German Bundesliga had the greatest number of goals from counterattacks and indirect free kicks, and the Italian Serie A had the greatest proportion of penalties. Ligue 1’s scoring ability is weaker than that of the other leagues, especially Bundesliga. The Bundesliga had an overwhelming advantage in goals scored on big chances with assists, while the Premier League had an advantage in goals scored with assists that were not from big chances. However, the differences among the five leagues in the mean goals scored in the last 15 min and the goals from elaborate attacks and direct free kicks were not statistically significant. These results provide a valuable addition to the knowledge of different goal patterns of each league and allow us to better understand the differences among the leagues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunhua Li
- School of Physical Education and Health, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yangqing Zhao
- School of Physical Education and Health, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China
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71
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Tierney GJ, Higgins B. The incidence and mechanism of heading in European professional football players over three seasons. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2021; 31:875-883. [PMID: 33280186 DOI: 10.1111/sms.13900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
There are concerns surrounding the risk of neurodegenerative diseases associated with football (soccer) heading. The aim of this study was to conduct analysis on the incidence and mechanism of heading in the "Big 5" professional European football leagues (Bundesliga, Ligue 1, Premier League, La Liga and Serie A) and one lower tier professional league (English Championship) from 2016/17 to 2018/19. Match event data from 7147 matches were obtained from Opta Sports data feed. The data were parsed to extract header event details including player position, coordinates on the field, header type and preceding match event (including distance football travelled). Incidence data were reported as headers per match or match headers per player. Medians and interquartile ranges (IQR) were reported and either the Mann-Whitney U test or Kruskal-Wallis test were conducted for comparisons between positions and leagues. In the "Big 5" leagues, the most headers per match occurred during the Premier League (111.2 headers per match). However, the lower tier English Championship had the highest number of headers per match overall (139.0 headers per match). In all leagues, defenders had the greatest median number of match headers per player (P < .001). The highest median distance travelled by the football during a preceding match event was for goal kicks (57.5 m; IQR 53.7-61.1). The findings add necessary information for current longitudinal studies aiming to understand the potential link between football heading and neurodegenerative diseases. These studies should account for league, playing position, and level of play.
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72
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Zhao Y, Zhang H. Investigating the inter-country variations in game interruptions across the Big-5 European football leagues. INT J PERF ANAL SPOR 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/24748668.2020.1865688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yangqing Zhao
- School of Physical Education and Health, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Sport Science, College of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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73
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McAuley ABT, Hughes DC, Tsaprouni LG, Varley I, Suraci B, Roos TR, Herbert AJ, Kelly AL. The association of the ACTN3 R577X and ACE I/D polymorphisms with athlete status in football: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Sports Sci 2021; 39:200-211. [PMID: 32856541 DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2020.1812195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this review was to assess the association of ACTN3 R577X and ACE I/D polymorphisms with athlete status in football and determine which allele and/or genotypes are most likely to influence this phenotype via a meta-analysis. A comprehensive search identified 17 ACTN3 and 19 ACE studies. Significant associations were shown between the presence of the ACTN3 R allele and professional footballer status (OR = 1.35, 95% CI: 1.18-1.53) and the ACE D allele and youth footballers (OR = 1.18, 95% CI: 1.01-1.38). More specifically, the ACTN3 RR genotype (OR = 1.48, 95% CI: 1.23-1.77) and ACE DD genotype (OR = 1.29, 95% CI: 1.02-1.63) exhibited the strongest associations, respectively. These findings may be explained by the association of the ACTN3 RR genotype and ACE DD genotype with power-orientated phenotypes and the relative contribution of power-orientated phenotypes to success in football. As such, the results of this review provide further evidence that individual genetic variation may contribute towards athlete status and can differentiate athletes of different competitive playing statuses in a homogenous team-sport cohort. Moreover, the ACTN3 R577X and ACE I/D polymorphisms are likely (albeit relatively minor) contributing factors that influence athlete status in football.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander B T McAuley
- Faculty of Health, Education and Life Sciences, Birmingham City University , Birmingham, UK
| | - David C Hughes
- Faculty of Health, Education and Life Sciences, Birmingham City University , Birmingham, UK
| | - Loukia G Tsaprouni
- Faculty of Health, Education and Life Sciences, Birmingham City University , Birmingham, UK
| | - Ian Varley
- Department of Sport Science, Nottingham Trent University , Nottingham, UK
| | - Bruce Suraci
- Academy Coaching Department, AFC Bournemouth , Bournemouth, UK
| | - Thomas R Roos
- The International Academy of Sports Science and Technology (AISTS), University of Lausanne , Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Adam J Herbert
- Faculty of Health, Education and Life Sciences, Birmingham City University , Birmingham, UK
| | - Adam L Kelly
- Faculty of Health, Education and Life Sciences, Birmingham City University , Birmingham, UK
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74
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Modric T, Versic S, Sekulic D. Position Specific Running Performances in Professional Football (Soccer): Influence of Different Tactical Formations. Sports (Basel) 2020; 8:E161. [PMID: 33321874 PMCID: PMC7763170 DOI: 10.3390/sports8120161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Running performances (RPs) are known to be important parameters of success in football (soccer), but there is a lack of studies where RPs are contextualized regarding applied tactical solutions. This study aims to quantify and analyze the differences in position-specific RPs in professional football, when games are played with three defensive players (3DP) and four defensive players (4DP). The participants here include professional football players (M ± SD, age 23.57 ± 2.84 years, body height 181.9 ± 5.17 cm, body mass 78.36 ± 4.18 kg) playing at the highest competitive level in Croatia. RPs were measured by global positioning system and classified into four groups based on playing positions: central defenders (CD; n = 47), wide defenders (WD; n = 24), midfielders (MF; n = 48), or forwards (FW; n = 19). Analysis of variance and discriminant canonical analysis are used to identify differences between 3DP and 4DP tactical solutions in terms of the RPs for each playing position. The number of accelerations and decelerations most significantly contributed to the differentiation of 3DP and 4DP among MFs (Wilks λ = 0.31, p < 0.001), with higher occurrences with 3DP. For CDs, total distance, and high-intensity running were higher in 3DP (Wilks λ = 0.66, p < 0.001). No multivariate differences were found for FW and WD players in terms of the RPs between 3DP and 4DP tactical formations. The characteristics and differences shown in this study may provide useful information for coaching staff regarding changing in-season tactical formations. Additionally, the results are useful for optimizing training programs for football players with different playing positions. When changing from 4DP to 3DP tactical formations, WDs training programs should include more of high-intensity running, while MFs training programs should be more based on short intensity activities (accelerations and decelerations).
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Affiliation(s)
- Toni Modric
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia; (T.M.); (S.V.)
- HNK Hajduk, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Sime Versic
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia; (T.M.); (S.V.)
- HNK Hajduk, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Damir Sekulic
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia; (T.M.); (S.V.)
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75
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Zacharko M, Konefał M, Radzimiński Ł, Chmura P, Błażejczyk K, Chmura J, Andrzejewski M. Direction of travel of time zones crossed and results achieved by soccer players. The road from the 2018 FIFA World Cup to UEFA EURO 2020. Res Sports Med 2020; 30:145-155. [PMID: 33251863 DOI: 10.1080/15438627.2020.1853545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The study detailed here has sought to assess the physical and technical activity engaged in by football players in the light of the direction of travel in which time zones were crossed as players transferred from training centres to match venues, in the context of matches played at the 2018 FIFA World Cup in Russia. The material consisted of 945 observations of 340 players. Analysed: total distances covered [km], distances covered with high-intensity running (20-25 km/h) [m], numbers of sprints, numbers of shots, numbers of passes, pass accuracy [%] and the official ranking of national teams. Three categories of time-zone shift (training centre → match venue) were taken account of, i.e. (1) West→East (WE), (2) Same Zone (SZ) and (3) East→West (EW). Analysis of results revealed that players in the EW and SZ categories were able to achieve results significantly better than those moving WE (total distances covered H = 11.815(2); p = 0.003; numbers of passes H = 7.630(2); p = 0.022), and this in relation to team placings in the end-of-tournament ranking (H = 18.099(2); p = 0.001). The results will be valuable in searching places for training centres during future FIFA World Cup and UEFA European Championship competitions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Zacharko
- Department of Biological and Motor Sport Bases, University School of Physical Education, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Marek Konefał
- Department of Biological and Motor Sport Bases, University School of Physical Education, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Łukasz Radzimiński
- Department of Biomedical Health Basics, Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Paweł Chmura
- Department of Team Games, University School of Physical Education, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Błażejczyk
- Institute of Geography and Spatial Organization, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Jan Chmura
- Department of Biological and Motor Sport Bases, University School of Physical Education, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Marcin Andrzejewski
- Department Methodology of Recreation, Poznan University of Physical Education, Poznań, Poland
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76
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Change-of-Direction Performance in Elite Soccer Players: Preliminary Analysis According to Their Playing Positions. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17228360. [PMID: 33198102 PMCID: PMC7696160 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17228360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Our objective was to examine the relationship between change of direction (CoD) performance, with (CoDb), and without the ball (CoDwb), and selected measures of physical fitness (jump performance, speed, balance) in elite soccer players, according to players’ positions. Forty elite male soccer players performed the change-of-direction and acceleration test (CODAT) with (CODATb), and without the ball (CODATwb), 5- and 20-m sprint tests, the 5-jump test (5JT), and the Y-balance test (YBT). Analyses of the whole sample showed significant correlations between all CODAT measures (CODATwb and CODATb, respectively) and sprint 5-m (r = 0.72, p < 0.001; r = 0.52, p < 0.01), sprint 20-m (r = 0.54, p < 0.03; r = 0.45, p < 0.05), jump (r = −0.62, p < 0.01; r = −0.64, p < 0.01) and balance (r = −0.50, p < 0.01; r = −0.83, p < 0.001) performances. Correlations were significantly different between player positions (defender, midfielder and striker). When examining the entire sample, the single best predictor of CODATwb was performance in the 5-m test with an explained variance of 52% (p < 0.001). For CODATb, the Y-balance performance explained 68% of the variance of performance (p < 0.001). In conclusion, soccer coaches and fitness trainers are advised to improve players’ CoD using neuromuscular training that mimic crucial match actions. Meanwhile, CoD testing and training should be designed in line with the demands of playing position.
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77
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Ultrasound-Guided Percutaneous Needle Electrolysis and Rehab and Reconditioning Program for Rectus Femoris Muscle Injuries: A Cohort Study with Professional Soccer Players and a 20-Week Follow-Up. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10217912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Rectus femoris muscle strains are one of the most common injuries occurring in sports such as soccer. The purpose of this study was to describe the safety and feasibility of a combination of percutaneous needle electrolysis (PNE) and a specific rehab and reconditioning program (RRP) following an injury to the rectus femoris in professional soccer players. Thirteen professional soccer players received PNE treatment 48 h after a grade II rectus femoris muscle injury, followed by a the RRP 24 h later. Assessment of recovery from injury was done by registering the days taken to return to train (RTT), return to play (RTP), and structural and functional progress of the injured muscle was registered through ultrasound imaging and match-GPS parameters. Also, adverse events and reinjuries were recorded in the follow up period of twenty weeks. The RTT registered was 15.62 ± 1.80 days and RTP was 20.15 ± 2.79 days. After fourteen days, the ultrasound image showed optimal repair. Match-GPS parameters were similar before and after injury. There were no relapses nor were any serious adverse effects reported during the 20-week follow-up after the RTP. A combination of PNE and a specific RRP facilitated a faster RTP in previously injured professional soccer players enabling them to sustain performance and avoid reinjuries.
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78
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Aerobic fitness and game performance indicators in professional football players; playing position specifics and associations. Heliyon 2020; 6:e05427. [PMID: 33195848 PMCID: PMC7644917 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to identify associations between aerobic fitness (AF) and game performance indicator (GPI) in elite football. Participants were professional football players (males, n = 16; age: 23.76 ± 2.64; body height: 181.62 ± 7.09 cm; body mass: 77.01 ± 6.34 kg). AF testing was conducted by direct measurement and included VO2max, running speed at aerobic threshold (AeT), and running speed at anaerobic threshold (AT). The GPI were collected by the position-specific performance statistics index (InStat index). The players were observed over one competitive half-season, resulting in 82 game performances, grouped according to the positions in game: defenders (n = 39), midfielders (n = 32) and forwards (n = 11). VO2max was not found to be a good discriminator of AF among different playing positions. AeT (F-test = 26.36. p = 0.01) and AT (F-test = 7.25, p = 0.01) were highest among midfielders, and lowest among forwards. No correlations were found between AF and GPI. This study confirmed that AeT and AT are better indicators of AF than VO2max in football players at different playing positions. The lack of associations between AF and GPI was discussed with regard to calculation of InStat as a GPI.
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79
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Improvements in Match-Related Physical Performance of Professional Soccer Players After the Application of an on-Field Training Program for Hamstring Injury Rehabilitation. J Sport Rehabil 2020; 29:1145-1150. [PMID: 31869814 DOI: 10.1123/jsr.2019-0033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Revised: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Although there are multiple, validated return-to-play programs following hamstring strain injuries, no studies have evaluated their changes in match performance parameters. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was twofold as follows: (1) to determine the changes in match-based physical performance parameters in professional soccer players before and after sustaining a hamstring strain injury and undergoing a soccer-specific rehabilitation program and (2) to observe the progress of these performance parameters 6 to 10 weeks after the player returned from injury. DESIGN Prospective, quasi-experimental longitudinal study. SETTING Soccer playing and training grounds. PARTICIPANTS Nineteen players suffering a hamstring strain injury from 2 male professional teams playing in the Spanish professional football league (La Liga) were followed during the 2015-2016, 2016-2017, and 2017-2018 seasons. INTERVENTION Participation in on-field training program following a hamstring injury. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Match global positioning system data were collected in the following stages: prior to injury (PRE), after return to play (RTP), program, and 6 to 10 weeks following RTP (C2). Peak velocities and distances ran at sprint velocities showed most likely improvements in C2 versus PRE, and very likely improvements in RTP versus PRE. RESULTS The distances ran at high and very high intensities, the average velocity, and work-to-rest ratio showed very likely improvements in C2 versus RTP and likely improvements in RTP versus PRE. Likely improvements were observed for all variables in C2 versus RTP. The authors' results showed an improvement of physical performance during competitive match after RTP, compared with PRE. There was a steady progression in the progress, and in 8 months following RTP, there was no injury reported in the players. CONCLUSIONS The current findings may indicate that the hamstring muscle complex not only recovered completely from the injury but could also withstand a greater training and match load reducing the risk of reinjury.
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80
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Aasgaard M, Kilding AE. Does Man Marking Influence Running Outputs and Intensity During Small-Sided Soccer Games? J Strength Cond Res 2020; 34:3266-3274. [PMID: 33105379 DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0000000000002668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
Aasgaard, M and Kilding, AE. Does man marking influence running outputs and intensity during small-sided soccer games? J Strength Cond Res 34(11): 3266-3274, 2020-Small-sided games (SSGs) are considered an effective training tool for physical development in soccer. Small-sided games can be modified in several ways to manipulate the physical demands to best match the game demands, player characteristics, and session objectives. The aim of this study was to compare the physiological, perceptual, and Global Positioning System (GPS)-derived time-motion characteristics of man marking (MM) vs. non-man marking (NMM) in 2v2, 3v3, and 4v4 SSGs. In an acute crossover design, 8 amateur soccer players (mean age ± SD: 23.6 ± 3.3 years) played 2v2, 3v3, and 4v4 SSGs consisting of 4 × 4-minute bouts, with 2-minute passive recovery. During all SSGs, players wore a heart rate (HR) monitor and GPS unit and reported their rating of perceived exertion (RPE). Average percent HR (%HRave) induced small to moderate effects with MM compared with NMM (%Δ = 1-2.7%; effect size [ES] = 0.22-0.65). Comparisons between MM formats indicated a decrease in %HRave with increased player numbers (%Δ = 1.6-3.5%; ES = 0.39-0.86). Perceptual load increased with MM compared with NMM (%Δ = 6.7-17.6%; ES = 0.66-2.09), whereas increases in player numbers (MM only) reduced RPE output (%Δ = 9.4-24.3%; ES = 1.14-3.61). Time-motion characteristics revealed substantially greater total distance covered in MM irrespective of player number (%Δ = 6.8-14.7%; ES = 1.34-2.82). There were very likely increases in distances covered at striding (13.1-17.8 km·h) (%Δ: 23.4-33.2; ES = 2.42-4.35) and high-intensity running (HIR) (17.9-21 km·h) (%Δ: 47.3-104; ES = 0.91-1.68) for MM compared with NMM irrespective of player number. In conclusion, MM substantially elevated perceptual load and distances from striding to HIR regardless of player number, whereas differences between NMM and MM for internal load remain unclear. Use of MM may allow coaches to condition for particularly demanding phases of the game and prescription of larger SSG formats to increase distance covered at higher velocities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mats Aasgaard
- Sports Performance Research Institute New Zealand, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
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81
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Match and Training High Intensity Activity-Demands Profile During a Competitive Mesocycle in Youth Elite Soccer Players. J Hum Kinet 2020; 75:195-205. [PMID: 33312307 PMCID: PMC7706676 DOI: 10.2478/hukin-2020-0050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The monitoring of the high intensity activity-demands profile during official matches (OMs) and training sessions (TSs) provides a deeper understanding of the relationship between training and competition loads as well as players’ fitness characteristics. The aims of this study were to: 1) describe the training and match high intensity activity-demands profile in U-19 soccer players; 2) compare the profile depending on the type of session (OM or TS) throughout match-weeks; and 3) differentiate between profiles depending on the match location (home or away). Twenty-five U-19 Spanish soccer players were monitored during TSs and OMs for a one-month competitive period using a WIMU PROTM wearable inertial device. The variables of the study were: high speed running distance (HSRD), total sprints (SPs), maximum speed (MS) and player load (PL). OMs required higher demands than TSs in HSRD (460.99 ± 206.18 vs. 315.45 ± 180.12 m; p < 0.01; d = 0.75), SPs (10.86 ± 6.64 vs. 7.23 ± 4.82; p < 0.01; d = 0.69), MS (29.99 ± 2.54 vs. 28.50 ± 2.4 km/h; p < 0.01; d = 0.59) and PL (103.08 ± 24.15 vs. 83.18 ± 17.96 a.u.; p < 0.01; d = 0.94). The interaction between the type of session and mean week’s demands presented differences with medium effect size in MS (p < 0.01; ωp2 = 0.06) and small effect size in HSRD (p = 0.04; ωp2 = 0.03), and SP (p = 0.05; ωp2 = 0.03), but there were no differences in PL (p = 0.18; ωp2 = 0). Finally, no differences were found in the match location comparison (p > 0.33; d = 0.22–0.33). Therefore, the profiles presented could be useful for future scientific purposes and serve as valid information for coaches trying to optimize performance.
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82
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Springham M, Williams S, Waldron M, Burgess D, Newton RU. Large Reductions in Match Play Physical Performance Variables Across a Professional Football Season With Control for Situational and Contextual Variables. Front Sports Act Living 2020; 2:570937. [PMID: 33345130 PMCID: PMC7739604 DOI: 10.3389/fspor.2020.570937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This investigation examined match play physical performance across a professional football season using a multicamera computerized tracking system. A linear mixed-effects model, controlling for situational and contextual variables, identified decreases in team average total distance (TD): season quarter 1 (Q1) (11,047 m) > season quarter 2 (Q2) (10,473 m) (P = 0.002; ES = Small), season quarter 3 (Q3) (10,449 m) (P < 0.001; ES = Moderate), and season quarter 4 (Q4) (10,385 m) (P < 0.001; ES = Moderate); work rate (WR): Q1 (115 m/min) > Q3 (108 m/min) (P < 0.001; ES = Moderate), Q4 (107 m/min) (P < 0.001; ES = Moderate); Q2 (109 m/min) > Q4 (107 m/min) (P = 0.003; ES = Small); high-speed running distance (HSR): Q1 (1,051 m) > Q2 (813 m) (P = 0.006; ES = Small); number of high-speed runs (NHSR): Q1 (87) > Q2 (65) (P < 0.001; ES = Small), Q3 (64) (P = 0.002; ES = Small); sprint distance (SD): Q1 (202 m) > Q4 (130 m) (P < 0.001; ES = Moderate), Q2 (179 m) > Q3 (165 m) (P = 0.035; ES = Small), Q4 (130 m) (P < 0.001; ES = Moderate) and number of sprints (NS): Q1 (20.4) > Q3 (10.2) (P < 0.001; ES = Moderate), Q4 (8.3) (P < 0.001; ES = Large); Q2 (14.9) > Q3 (10.2) (P < 0.001; ES = Moderate), Q4 (8.3) (P < 0.001; ES = Large). Within-position changes were observed for WR: Q1 (122 m/min) > Q4 (113 m/min) (P = 0.002; ES = Large) in central midfielders and for NS: Q1 > Q3 in wide defenders (21.7 vs. 10.8) (P = 0.044; ES = Large) and central midfielders (18.1 vs. 8.3) (P = 0.002; ES = Large); Q1 > Q4 in central defenders (13.1 vs. 5.3) (P = 0.014; ES = Large), wide defenders (21.6 vs. 7.1) (P < 0.001; ES = Very Large), central midfielders (18.1 vs. 8.5) (P = 0.005; ES = Large), and wide midfielders (20.8 vs. 12.2) (P = 0.012; ES = Large); Q2 > Q3 in central midfielders (16.9 vs. 8.3) (P = 0.002; ES = Large) and Q2 > Q4 in wide defenders (16.3 vs. 7.1) (P = 0.005; ES = Very Large), central midfielders (16.9 vs. 8.5) (P = 0.004; ES = Large), and wide midfielders (20.8 vs. 12.2) (P = 0.007; ES = Large). The match-play physical performance was reduced across the competitive season. The most notable reductions were observed in wide defenders, central midfielders, and wide midfielders in sprint performance indices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Springham
- Faculty of Sport, Health and Applied Science, St Marys University, London, United Kingdom.,School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
| | - Sean Williams
- Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom
| | - Mark Waldron
- College of Engineering, Swansea University, Swansea, United Kingdom.,School of Science and Technology, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia
| | - Darren Burgess
- Sport Science Department, Melbourne Football Club, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Robert Usher Newton
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
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83
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Lignell E, Rago V, Mohr M. Analysis of goal scoring opportunities in elite male ice hockey in relation to tactical and contextual variables. INT J PERF ANAL SPOR 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/24748668.2020.1823161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Erik Lignell
- Center for Health and Performance, Department of Food and Nutrition, and Sport Science, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Vincenzo Rago
- Portugal Football School, Portuguese Football Federation, Oeiras, Portugal
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Sports, Universidade Europeia, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Magni Mohr
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical-Biomechanics, SDU Sport and Health Sciences Cluster (SHSC), University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Centre of Health Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Faroe Islands, Tórshavn, Faroe Islands
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84
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Harkness-Armstrong A, Till K, Datson N, Emmonds S. Technical characteristics of elite youth female soccer match-play: position and age group comparisons between under 14 and under 16 age groups. INT J PERF ANAL SPOR 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/24748668.2020.1820173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kevin Till
- Institute for Sport, Physical Activity and Leisure, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, England
| | - Naomi Datson
- Institute of Sport, University of Chichester, Chichester, England
| | - Stacey Emmonds
- Institute for Sport, Physical Activity and Leisure, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, England
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85
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da Silva CD, Lovell R. External Validity of the T-SAFT90: A Soccer Simulation Including Technical and Jumping Activities. Int J Sports Physiol Perform 2020; 15:1074-1080. [PMID: 32814311 DOI: 10.1123/ijspp.2019-0057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2019] [Revised: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To examine the physiological, muscle-damage, endocrine, and immune responses to a modified soccer-simulation protocol to include technical and jumping activities characteristic of match play (the Technical Soccer-Specific Aerobic Field Test; T-SAFT90). METHODS Eighteen university players (age 23 [2] y, stature 175 [5] cm, body mass 74 [11] kg) performed the 90-minute protocol, with acute physiological responses monitored via heart rate, ratings of perceived exertion (6-20 scale), and body mass changes. Creatine kinase, myoglobin, cortisol, and leukocyte subset concentrations were measured at baseline, immediately (0 h), and 24 hours post T-SAFT90. RESULTS T-SAFT90 incurred an average heart rate equivalent to 87% (5%) of maximum, 16 (2) a.u. ratings of perceived exertion, and a 1.5% (1.0%) body mass deficit. Moderate to large proliferation of leukocyte subsets (P ≤ .01; leukocytes: 6.4-fold; neutrophils: 5.5-fold; lymphocytes: 2.0-fold) and increases in cortisol (2.3-fold) were observed at 0 hours (effect size = 1.13-3.52), each returning to baseline by 24 hours (P > .45; effect size = 0.05-0.50). Myoglobin peaked immediately post T-SAFT90 (4.8-fold), whereas creatine kinase (24 h: 6.0-fold) showed a delayed time course (both P ≤ .001; very large effects; effect size = 2.66 and 3.43, respectively). CONCLUSIONS The magnitude and time course of the physiological, immune, endocrine, and muscle-damage markers observed during and following T-SAFT90 are similar to values reported in match-play literature, demonstrating external validity of the simulation.
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86
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Oliveira R, Brito JP, Loureiro N, Padinha V, Ferreira B, Mendes B. Does the distribution of the weekly training load account for the match results of elite professional soccer players? Physiol Behav 2020; 225:113118. [PMID: 32750434 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2020.113118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of the study was to compare training load (TL) of the days preceding a win, draw or defeat in a sample of elite professional soccer players across the in-season 2015/16. METHODS Twenty elite soccer players participated in this study. Total distance covered, high-speed running distance (HSRD), average speed, session rate of perceived exertion (s-RPE) and Hooper index scores (HI) were collected. Data from 24 weeks with one match were analysed through the match-day (MD-5, 4, 3, 2, 1) and MD+1. RESULTS The main finding emerges in MD-1, where a longer training duration preceding draws (95.1 ± 1.5 min) > defeats (91.5 ± 1.6 min) > wins (84.7 ± 0.5 min) was found, while total distance and average speed were higher in wins (3628.6 ± 57.2 m) > draws (3391.3 ± 153.3 m) > defeats (3236.1 ± 113.7 m) and draws (130.7 ± 17.6 m/min) > wins (86.0 ± 6.9 m/min) > defeats (54.8 ± 7.1 m/min), respectively. HSRD was higher in draws (42.8 ± 0.6 m) > wins (36.1 ± 1.7 m) > defeats (35.8 ± 1.7 m). In MD+1, there were differences in HI between wins vs draws (p<0.01). CONCLUSIONS The results are drawn from one team that participated in UEFA Champions League. It was observed that different TL applied in training sessions can influence match result. Our findings can be considered in future soccer planning and periodization to win matches. This study emphasizes the use of HI especially in the day following the match.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Oliveira
- ESDRM-IPS - Sports Science School of Rio Maior - Polytechnic Institute of Santarém, Av. Dr. Mário Soares, Rio Maior 2040-413, Portugal; CIDESD - Research Centre in Sport Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development, Quinta de Prados, Edifício Ciências de Desporto, Vila Real 5001-801, Portugal; CIEQV - Life Quality Research Centre, Complexo Andaluz, Apartado 279, Santarém 2001-904, Portugal.
| | - João P Brito
- ESDRM-IPS - Sports Science School of Rio Maior - Polytechnic Institute of Santarém, Av. Dr. Mário Soares, Rio Maior 2040-413, Portugal; CIEQV - Life Quality Research Centre, Complexo Andaluz, Apartado 279, Santarém 2001-904, Portugal
| | - Nuno Loureiro
- ESDRM-IPS - Sports Science School of Rio Maior - Polytechnic Institute of Santarém, Av. Dr. Mário Soares, Rio Maior 2040-413, Portugal; CIEQV - Life Quality Research Centre, Complexo Andaluz, Apartado 279, Santarém 2001-904, Portugal
| | - Vitor Padinha
- ESDRM-IPS - Sports Science School of Rio Maior - Polytechnic Institute of Santarém, Av. Dr. Mário Soares, Rio Maior 2040-413, Portugal
| | - Bruno Ferreira
- ESDRM-IPS - Sports Science School of Rio Maior - Polytechnic Institute of Santarém, Av. Dr. Mário Soares, Rio Maior 2040-413, Portugal
| | - Bruno Mendes
- Falculty of Human Kinetics, University of Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
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87
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Caetano FG, de Souza NM, Bueno MJDO, Cunha SA, Moura FA. Interpersonal interaction during official soccer matches considering the coupling of different playing positions. INT J PERF ANAL SPOR 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/24748668.2020.1775412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Felipe Arruda Moura
- Department of Sport Sciences, State University of Londrina , Londrina, Brazil
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88
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Yi Q, Liu H, Nassis GP, Gómez MÁ. Evolutionary Trends of Players' Technical Characteristics in the UEFA Champions League. Front Psychol 2020; 11:1032. [PMID: 32612550 PMCID: PMC7308470 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The current study aimed to investigate the evolutionary trends of players' technical performances in the UEFA Champions League. Match statistics of 18 technical performance indicators from 1,125 matches (2,489 players, 16,247 full match observations) from the group and knockout stages of the UEFA Champions League (season 2009/2010 to 2017/2018) were analysed. Separate Poisson regression models were run in the generalised mixed linear modelling to compare the differences in technical performances among seasons, and the autocorrelation function was used to identify the correlations within technical variables. Results demonstrated that players' match performances in variables of shots and shots on target showed trivial changes over the nine seasons. The defending related variables showed either downward trends or negligible changes, and the passing- and attacking-related variables showed different evolving paths throughout the course of the nine seasons. These findings may indicate that European teams are now more focussed on the control of match play, creating offensive space by increasing passing frequency and accuracy rather than crossing the ball from the wings into the penalty box. The significant autocorrelations were only detected in the attacking- and passing-related variables of crossing, though ball and aerial wins, they displayed persistence patterns among the nine seasons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Yi
- School of Physical Education and Sport Training, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Lab of Human Performance, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Diagnosis & Analysis of Skills & Tactics in Sports, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongyou Liu
- School of Physical Education & Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - George P Nassis
- School of Physical Education and Sport Training, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China.,Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, Faculty of Health Sciences, SDU Sport and Health Sciences Cluster, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Miguel-Ángel Gómez
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Actividad Física y del Deporte (INEF), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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89
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Hands DE, Janse de Jonge X. Current time-motion analyses of professional football matches in top-level domestic leagues: a systematic review. INT J PERF ANAL SPOR 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/24748668.2020.1780872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Darryl E. Hands
- Faculty of Science, The University of Newcastle, Ourimbah, Australia
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90
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Wilson RS, Smith NMA, Bedo BLS, Aquino R, Moura FA, Santiago PRP. Technical skill not athleticism predicts an individual’s ability to maintain possession in small-sided soccer games. SCI MED FOOTBALL 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/24733938.2020.1780468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Robbie S. Wilson
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia
| | - Nicholas M. A. Smith
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Bruno Luiz Souza Bedo
- Medical School of Ribeirão Preto (FMRP), University of São Paulo, Brazil
- Ribeirão Preto School of Physical Education and Sports (EEFERP), University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Aquino
- Medical School of Ribeirão Preto (FMRP), University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Felipe Arruda Moura
- Laboratory of Applied Biomechanics, Sport Sciences Department, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Paulo Roberto Pereira Santiago
- Medical School of Ribeirão Preto (FMRP), University of São Paulo, Brazil
- Ribeirão Preto School of Physical Education and Sports (EEFERP), University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo Brazil
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91
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Barron D, Ball G, Robins M, Sunderland C. Identifying playing talent in professional football using artificial neural networks. J Sports Sci 2020; 38:1211-1220. [PMID: 31941425 DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2019.1708036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the current study was to objectively identify position-specific key performance indicators in professional football that predict out-field players league status. The sample consisted of 966 out-field players who completed the full 90 minutes in a match during the 2008/09 or 2009/10 season in the Football League Championship. Players were assigned to one of three categories (0, 1 and 2) based on where they completed most of their match time in the following season, and then split based on five playing positions. 340 performance, biographical and esteem variables were analysed using a Stepwise Artificial Neural Network approach. The models correctly predicted between 72.7% and 100% of test cases (Mean prediction of models = 85.9%), the test error ranged from 1.0% to 9.8% (Mean test error of models = 6.3%). Variables related to passing, shooting, regaining possession and international appearances were key factors in the predictive models. This is highly significant as objective position-specific predictors of players league status have not previously been published. The method could be used to aid the identification and comparison of transfer targets as part of the due diligence process in professional football.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donald Barron
- School of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Suffolk , Ipswich, UK
| | - Graham Ball
- John van Geest Cancer Research Centre, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University , Nottingham, UK
| | - Matthew Robins
- Institute of Sport, University of Chichester , Chichester, UK
| | - Caroline Sunderland
- Sport, Health and Performance Enhancement Research Centre, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University , Nottingham, UK
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92
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Pastor-Vicedo JC, Prieto-Ayuso A, Contreras-Jordán OR, Clemente FM, Nikolaidis PT, Rosemann TJ, Knechtle B. Teaching and Learning Process of Decision-Making Units in Talented Young Players From U-10 to U-14. Front Psychol 2020; 11:600. [PMID: 32390894 PMCID: PMC7188924 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.00600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
There are multiple factors that have been studied for talent identification (TI) with regard to sport performance, such as physical and physiological parameters; psychological, social, and contextual parameters; and technical–tactical parameters. However, despite the importance of these indicators for reaching the elite, new trends seem to assure that one of the key elements in a young player is decision making (DM). Thus, in the last decades, research DM in young players has increased. Nevertheless, very little has been done in relation with DM and talented players. The purpose of this study was to analyze and compare the effectiveness, number, and duration of DM units (DMUs) of three groups of talented young players in U-10, U-12, and U-14 levels. Ninety-seven youth players participated in the study. A total of 1,087 actions were analyzed. The Nomination Scale for Identifying Football Talent was utilized to screen the talent pool (N = 18), and the Game Performance Evaluation Tool was used for analyzing the 1,087 actions completed. The results showed that the effectiveness has to be more than 80% for children to be considered talented. Moreover, a greater effectiveness of DMUs was shown in older age groups. The game speed also increased with age. It was revealed that U-12 did not follow the progression in the decisional demands in the formative stages. It is highlighted, therefore, the necessity of reviewing the organizational aspects in the U-12 age group, related mainly to the size of the pitch and the number of players, because it does not follow the same progression in regard to decisional demands. Future studies should follow this study with the U-16, U-18, and U-23 age groups, with the purpose of knowing the effectiveness, duration, and number of DMUs in older age groups. Furthermore, policy makers and teachers/coaches from both educational and soccer context must take these results into account, with the purpose of adjusting the teaching and learning process of talented children in sport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Carlos Pastor-Vicedo
- Department of Didactics of Musical, Plastic and Physical Education, Faculty of Education, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
| | - Alejandro Prieto-Ayuso
- Department of Didactics of Musical, Plastic and Physical Education, Faculty of Education, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Cuenca, Spain.,Albacete Balompiè S.A.D., Albacete, Spain
| | - Onofre Ricardo Contreras-Jordán
- Department of Didactics of Musical, Plastic and Physical Education, Faculty of Education, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
| | - Filipe Manuel Clemente
- Escola Superior Desporto e Lazer, Instituto Politécnico de Viana do Castelo, Rua Escola Industrial e Comercial de Nun'Álvares, Viana do Castelo, Portugal.,Instituto de Telecomunicações, Delegação da Covilhã, Covilhã, Portugal
| | | | | | - Beat Knechtle
- Institute of Primary Care, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Medbase St. Gallen Am Vadianplatz, St. Gallen, Switzerland
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93
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Granero-Gil P, Gómez-Carmona CD, Bastida-Castillo A, Rojas-Valverde D, de la Cruz E, Pino-Ortega J. Influence of playing position and laterality in centripetal force and changes of direction in elite soccer players. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0232123. [PMID: 32324801 PMCID: PMC7179881 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0232123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to: (a) assess centripetal force (CentF) and changes of direction (COD) in elite soccer players according to playing position (central defender, CD; lateral defender, LD; central midfielder, CM; lateral midfielder, LM; forward, FW), laterality (right-footed vs. left-footed) and field zone (central vs. lateral), and (b) analyze the relationship between anthropometric characteristics (age, weight, height, body mass and fat mass) and non-linear locomotion workload. Thirty professional soccer players (age: 26.57±5.56 years) were tracked during the 2017–2018 season during friendly, national and international matches (38 total games) using inertial measurement devices. CentF and COD were the variables extracted for analysis. A one-way ANOVA was used for playing position comparison, a t-test for laterality and field zone, and Pearson’s correlation coefficient to analyze relationships between anthropometric characteristics and dependent variables. There were differences by playing position in COD (556.33-to-412.18), R20COD (484.36-to-354.81) and R60COD (48.38-to-38.61) (p < .01; ωp2 = 0.03-to-0.05; CD>CM>LD>LM = FW); in CODHIA (49.75-to-37.11), R20CODHIA (16.04-to-9.11) and R60CODHIA (10.64-to-9.11) (p < .01; ωp2 = 0.03-to-0.07; CM>FW>LM>CD = LD); in CODSPRINT (14.56-to-8.40) and R20CODSPRINT (3.29-to-1.40) (p < .01; ωp2 = 0.03-to-0.04; FW = LM = CM>CD = LD); and in CentFMAX both in clockwise (992.04-to-902.09N) and counterclockwise (999.24-to-872.61N) directions (p < .02; ωp2 = 0.02-to-0.07; FW = CD>CM = LM = LD). The highest values of counterclockwise CentF were performed by left-footed players in the central zone (p < .001; d = 0.71-to-1.44) and clockwise CentF by right-footed players (p < .001; d = 0.04-to-0.55) in the lateral field zone. Moderate correlations were found between age, body mass and high intensity/sprints COD and repeated COD ability (p < .05; r = 0.235-to-0.383). Therefore, team staff should consider anthropometric characteristics, playing position, laterality and field zone to individualize training workload related to non-linear locomotion in soccer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulino Granero-Gil
- Fitness Coach of PFC CSKA Moscow and Russian Football Union, Moscow, Russia
- Department of Physical Activity and Sport, Sport Science Faculty, Universidad de Murcia, San Javier, Spain
| | - Carlos D. Gómez-Carmona
- Optimization of Training and Sport Performance Research Group (GOERD), Sport Science Faculty, University of Extremadura, Caceres, Spain
- * E-mail:
| | - Alejandro Bastida-Castillo
- Department of Physical Activity and Sport, Sport Science Faculty, Universidad de Murcia, San Javier, Spain
| | - Daniel Rojas-Valverde
- Research Center of Sport and Health Diagnosis (CIDISAD), School of Human Movement Science and Quality of Life, Universidad Nacional, Heredia, Costa Rica
- Group in Updates for Sport Training and Physical Conditioning (GAEDAF), Sport Science Faculty, University of Extremadura, Caceres, Spain
| | - Ernesto de la Cruz
- Department of Physical Activity and Sport, Sport Science Faculty, Universidad de Murcia, San Javier, Spain
| | - José Pino-Ortega
- Department of Physical Activity and Sport, Sport Science Faculty, Universidad de Murcia, San Javier, Spain
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94
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Aquino R, Carling C, Maia J, Vieira LHP, Wilson RS, Smith N, Almeida R, Gonçalves LGC, Kalva-Filho CA, Garganta J, Puggina EF. Relationships between running demands in soccer match-play, anthropometric, and physical fitness characteristics: a systematic review. INT J PERF ANAL SPOR 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/24748668.2020.1746555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Aquino
- Research Group in Soccer Science, Department of Sports, Center of Physical Education and Sports (CEFD), Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, Brazil
- Medical School of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | | | - José Maia
- CIFI2D, Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Luiz H. Palucci Vieira
- Human Movement Research Laboratory, Post-graduate Program in Movement Sciences, São Paulo State University, Bauru, Brazil
| | - Robbie S. Wilson
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia
| | - Nicholas Smith
- School of Life and Environmental Science, University of Sydney, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Rodrigo Almeida
- Research Group in Soccer Science, Department of Sports, Center of Physical Education and Sports (CEFD), Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, Brazil
| | | | - Carlos Augusto Kalva-Filho
- Human Movement Research Laboratory, Post-graduate Program in Movement Sciences, São Paulo State University, Bauru, Brazil
| | - Júlio Garganta
- CIFI2D, Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Enrico F. Puggina
- School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
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95
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Sarajärvi J, Volossovitch A, Almeida CH. Analysis of headers in high-performance football: evidence from the English Premier League. INT J PERF ANAL SPOR 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/24748668.2020.1736409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jani Sarajärvi
- CIPER, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, SpertLab, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Anna Volossovitch
- CIPER, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, SpertLab, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Carlos H. Almeida
- CIDEF, ISMAT – Instituto Superior Manuel Teixeira Gomes, Portimão, Portugal
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96
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González-Rodenas J, Aranda-Malaves R, Tudela-Desantes A, Nieto F, Usó F, Aranda R. Playing tactics, contextual variables and offensive effectiveness in English Premier League soccer matches. A multilevel analysis. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0226978. [PMID: 32069336 PMCID: PMC7028361 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0226978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the combined effects of tactical and contextual indicators on achieving offensive penetration and scoring opportunities in English Premier League (EPL) soccer matches. A total of 1971 team possessions from 20 random matches were evaluated by means of multidimensional observation. The EPL matches had a great proportion of fast attacks (36.0%) followed by combinative (29.6%), direct attacks (24.1%) and counterattacks (9.5%). Multilevel logistic regression models revealed that counterattacks (OR = 3.428; 95% CI: 2.004–5.864; P<0.001) were more effective to create goal scoring opportunities than combinative attacks, while direct attacks showed to be less effective (OR = 0.472; 95% CI: 0.264–0.845; P<0.05). Playing at home increased the probability (OR = 1.530; 95% CI: 1.097–2.135; P<0.05) of creating goal scoring opportunities compared with playing away. These findings show the multifactorial character of soccer and how different contextual and tactical indicators can influence the creation of offensive penetration and goal scoring opportunities in the English Premier League.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joaquín González-Rodenas
- Department of Recreation and Sport Pedagogy, Ohio University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | | | | | - Félix Nieto
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Ferran Usó
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Rafael Aranda
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- * E-mail:
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97
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Influence of Contextual Variables in the Changes of Direction and Centripetal Force Generated during an Elite-Level Soccer Team Season. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17030967. [PMID: 32033182 PMCID: PMC7036788 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17030967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Revised: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The study of the contextual variables that affect soccer performance is important to be able to reproduce the competition context during the training sessions. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of match outcome as related to goal difference (large win, >2 goals, LW; narrow win, 1–2 goals, NW; drawing, D; narrow loss, 1–2 goals, NL; or large loss, >2 goals, LL), match location (home, H; away, A; neutral, N), type of competition (international, INT; national, NAT; friendly, F), phase of the season (summer preseason, SPS; in-season 1, IS1; winter preseason, WPS; in-season 2), and the field surface (natural grass, NG; artificial turf, TF) on the change of direction (COD) and centripetal force (CentF) generated during official games. Thirty male elite-level soccer players (age: 26.57 ± 5.56 years) were assessed while using WIMU PROTM inertial devices (RealTrack Systems, Almeria, Spain) in 38 matches during the 2017–2018 season, selecting for analysis the number of COD at different intensities and the CentF, depending on the turn direction. Statistical analyses comprised a one-way ANOVA with the Bonferroni post-hoc and t-test for independent samples. The main results showed that the match outcome (ωp2 = 0.01–0.04; NW = D = NL > LL), match location (ωp2 = 0.01–0.06; A = N > H), type of competition (ωp2 = 0.01–0.02; INT > NAT > F), and period of the season (ωp2 = 0.01–0.02; SPS = IS1 = WPS > IS2) all exert some influence. No effect was found for the playing surface. Therefore, match outcome, match location, type of competition, and period of the season influence the demands of centripetal force and changes of direction. These aspects should be considered in the design of training sessions and microcycle workload planning during the season to improve competitive success.
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98
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Palucci Vieira LH, Aquino R, Moura FA, Barros RMLD, Arpini VM, Oliveira LP, Bedo BLS, Santiago PRP. Team Dynamics, Running, and Skill-Related Performances of Brazilian U11 to Professional Soccer Players During Official Matches. J Strength Cond Res 2019; 33:2202-2216. [PMID: 29702518 DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0000000000002577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Palucci Vieira, LH, Aquino, R, Moura, FA, Barros, RMLd, Arpini, VM, Oliveira, LdP, Bedo, BLdS, and Pereira Santiago, PR. Team dynamics, running, and skill-related performances of Brazilian U11 to professional soccer players during official matches. J Strength Cond Res 33(8): 2202-2216, 2019-Analyses of movements during soccer competition have been used previously to help develop conditioning programs. However, this has not been extensively studied in youth populations. Therefore, the purposes of this study were to examine (1) dynamics of collective tactical movements, (2) running, and (3) skill-related performances during soccer matches disputed by children to senior players. A total of 120 Brazilian players in the age groups U11, U13, U15, U17, U20, and professional (PRO) were monitored during official competition matches (N = 12). Using semiautomatic video-based tracking (30 Hz), match running variables including total distance traveled, average speed, maximum sprint speed, and high-intensity activities were evaluated. Tactical metrics were computed as team surface area, spread, and median frequency. Through notational analysis, technical skills such as involvements with the ball, passes, ball touches, duels, and goal attempts were also recorded. One-way analysis of variance and magnitude-based inferences were used to detect differences between ages. Although the average speed, team surface area, and spread tended to present stabilized increases from the U15 (e.g., U15 > U13 > U11), maximal sprinting speed (PRO > U17 > U15, U13, U11) and percentage at very high-intensity activities (U20 > PRO, U17 > U15 > U13 > U11) demonstrated continuous gains. Median frequencies were higher in the younger groups (U13, U15, U17 > U20, PRO), although the percentage of successful passes was higher in the older groups (PRO > U17, U15 > U13, U11). We concluded that Brazilian U11 to PRO players present different performance profiles for running, collective movement dynamics, and technical skills, and that the rate of development regarding these components varies. Coaches should be aware of these differences to select and adapt training content for each age group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiz H Palucci Vieira
- FMRP Faculty of Medicine at Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.,LaBioCoM Biomechanics and Motor Control Laboratory, School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto, USP University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Aquino
- FMRP Faculty of Medicine at Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.,LaBioCoM Biomechanics and Motor Control Laboratory, School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto, USP University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Felipe A Moura
- Laboratory of Applied Biomechanics, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Ricardo M L de Barros
- LIB Laboratory of Instrumentation for Biomechanics, UNICAMP Campinas State University, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vitor M Arpini
- LaBioCoM Biomechanics and Motor Control Laboratory, School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto, USP University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lucas P Oliveira
- FMRP Faculty of Medicine at Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.,Botafogo Football Club, Youth Training Department, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bruno L S Bedo
- LaBioCoM Biomechanics and Motor Control Laboratory, School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto, USP University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paulo R P Santiago
- FMRP Faculty of Medicine at Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.,LaBioCoM Biomechanics and Motor Control Laboratory, School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto, USP University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
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99
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Yi Q, Groom R, Dai C, Liu H, Gómez Ruano MÁ. Differences in Technical Performance of Players From 'The Big Five' European Football Leagues in the UEFA Champions League. Front Psychol 2019; 10:2738. [PMID: 31866914 PMCID: PMC6908525 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The current study aimed to identify the differences in technical performance between players from clubs of Bundesliga (Germany), La Liga (Spain), Ligue 1 (France), Premier League (England) and Serie A (Italy) when competing in the matches of the UEFA Champions League. Technical performance-related match data of 1,291 players from 1,125 matches (9,799 observations) of the UEFA Champions League (seasons 2009/2010-2017/2018) were collected and analysed. The generalised mixed linear modelling was employed taking the names of the league as the independent variable to predict the count number of 20 technical performance-related match actions and events performed by players belonging to different leagues. The non-clinical magnitude-based inference was used to evaluate the uncertainty in the true effects of the predictor. Results showed that differences in the technical performances between players from La Liga, Premier League and Ligue 1 were all trivial. Bundesliga players made higher numbers of shots than players from La Liga, Premier League and Serie A and achieved more long balls than players from Ligue 1. Serie A players achieved lower numbers of ball touches, passes and lower pass accuracy per match than players from any of the other four leagues. In addition, players from Serie A performed a higher number of long balls per match than Ligue 1 players and lower number of dribbles per match than Premier League players. Non-significant differences in other variables related to passing and organising and all variables related to defending were identified in players between the five leagues. The identified differences in technical performance among leagues could provide a more thorough understanding for practitioners working within the fields of talent identification, player development, player recruitment, coaching and match preparation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Yi
- School of Physical Education and Sport Training, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Analysis of Skills and Tactics in Sports, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China.,Facultad de Ciencias de la Actividad Física y del Deporte (INEF), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ryan Groom
- Department of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Chen Dai
- College of Physical Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Hongyou Liu
- School of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China.,National Demonstration Center for Experimental Sports Science Education, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Miguel Ángel Gómez Ruano
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Actividad Física y del Deporte (INEF), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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100
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Abstract
The purpose of this study was to analyse the dynamics of play based on dyads during soccer matches, according to the competition level, period of the matches, and playing positions. We recorded eight Brazilian soccer matches (four of the national and four of the regional level), using up to six digital cameras (30 Hz). The position information of the 204 players in the eight matches was obtained using an automatic tracking system. The Euclidean distance between the nearest opponents was calculated over time to define the dyads. The interaction between the components of dyads was assessed by the distances between players and was compared among the different positions (defender, full-back, defensive midfielder, midfielder, and forward), match periods (15, 30, 45, 60, 75, and 90 min), and competition levels. Results showed smaller distances for the national level dyads, compared to the regional matches. Greater distances between the players were found in the last 15 minutes of the matches, compared to the other periods. The full-backs were more distant from opposing players compared to players from other playing positions. Thus, coaches should consider the characteristics of each playing position and the greater proximity between opponents’ players in top-level competition for the development of tactical proficiency of the players.
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