51
|
Yin J, Jia J, Lian Z, Hu Y, Guo J, Huo H, Zhu Y, Gong H. Silicon enhances the salt tolerance of cucumber through increasing polyamine accumulation and decreasing oxidative damage. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 169:8-17. [PMID: 30412897 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.10.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Revised: 10/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Silicon can increase salt tolerance, but the underlying mechanism has remained unclear. Here, we investigated the effect of silicon on polyamine metabolism and the role of polyamine accumulation in silicon-mediated salt tolerance in cucumber. Seedlings of cucumber 'JinYou 1' were subjected to salt stress (75 mM NaCl) in the presence or absence of added 0.3 mM silicon. Plant growth, polyamine metabolism and effects of exogenous polyamines and polyamine synthesis inhibitor dicyclohexylammonium sulphate on oxidative damage were investigated. The results showed that salt stress inhibited plant growth and decreased leaf chlorophyll levels and the maximum quantum yield of PSII, and added silicon ameliorated these negative effects. Salt stress increased polyamine accumulation in the leaves and roots. Compared with salt stress alone, overall, silicon addition decreased free putrescine concentrations, but increased spermidine and spermine concentrations in both leaves and roots under salt stress. Silicon application resulted in increased polyamine levels under salt stress by promoting the activities of S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase and arginine decarboxylase while inhibiting the activity of diamine oxidase. Exogenous application of spermidine and spermine alleviated salt-stress-induced oxidative damage, whereas polyamine synthesis inhibitor eliminated the silicon-mediated decrease in oxidative damage. The results suggest that silicon-enhanced polyamine accumulation in cucumber under salt stress may play a role in decreasing oxidative damage and therefore increase the salt tolerance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junliang Yin
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China; College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, Hubei, China
| | - Jianhua Jia
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhaoyuan Lian
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yanhong Hu
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jia Guo
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Heqiang Huo
- Mid-Florida Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, 2725 South Binion Road, Apopka, FL 32703, USA
| | - Yongxing Zhu
- College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, Hubei, China.
| | - Haijun Gong
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
| |
Collapse
|
52
|
De Bont L, Naim E, Arbelet-Bonnin D, Xia Q, Palm E, Meimoun P, Mancuso S, El-Maarouf-Bouteau H, Bouteau F. Activation of plasma membrane H +-ATPases participates in dormancy alleviation in sunflower seeds. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 280:408-415. [PMID: 30824019 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2018.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Revised: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Using various inhibitors and scavengers we took advantage of the size of sunflower (Helianthus annuus) seeds to investigate in vivo the effects of hormones, namely abscisic acid (ABA) and ethylene (ET), and reactive oxygen species (ROS) on the polarization of dormant (D) and non-dormant (ND) embryonic seed cells using microelectrodes. Our data show that D and ND seed cells present different polarization likely due to the regulation of plasma membrane (PM) H+-ATPase activity. The data obtained after addition of hormones or ROS scavengers further suggest that ABA dependent inhibition of PM H+-ATPases could participate in dormancy maintenance and that ET-and ROS-dependent PM H+-ATPase stimulation could participate in dormancy release in sunflower seeds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Elissa Naim
- Sorbonne Université, UMR7622-IBPS, Paris, France
| | - Delphine Arbelet-Bonnin
- Univ Paris Diderot, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire des Energies de Demain (LIED), Paris, France
| | - Qiong Xia
- Sorbonne Université, UMR7622-IBPS, Paris, France
| | - Emily Palm
- LINV-DiSPAA, Department of Agri-Food and Environmental Science, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy
| | - Patrice Meimoun
- Sorbonne Université, UMR7622-IBPS, Paris, France; Univ Paris Diderot, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire des Energies de Demain (LIED), Paris, France
| | - Stefano Mancuso
- LINV-DiSPAA, Department of Agri-Food and Environmental Science, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy; Univ Paris Diderot, Paris Interdisciplinary Energy Research Institute (PIERI), Paris, France
| | | | - François Bouteau
- Univ Paris Diderot, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire des Energies de Demain (LIED), Paris, France; LINV-DiSPAA, Department of Agri-Food and Environmental Science, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
53
|
Yu Y, Zhou W, Zhou K, Liu W, Liang X, Chen Y, Sun D, Lin X. Polyamines modulate aluminum-induced oxidative stress differently by inducing or reducing H 2O 2 production in wheat. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 212:645-653. [PMID: 30173111 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.08.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Revised: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/26/2018] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Polyamines are important bioactive molecules involved in regulating H2O2 homeostasis, which is recognized as a major stimulus of oxidative stress under aluminum (Al) exposure. In this study, we investigated the involvement of spermidine oxidation in Al-induced oxidative stress, and its modulation by exogenous putrescine (Put) in two wheat genotypes differing in Al tolerance. Aluminum caused more severe oxidative damage at the root apexes in the Al-sensitive genotype Yangmai-5 than in the tolerant Xi Aimai-1, but these effects were significantly reversed by exogenous Put and polyamine oxidase (PAO) inhibitors. Aluminum caused a more significant increase in cell wall-bound PAO (CW-PAO) activity in Yangmai-5 than in Xi Aimai-1. Inhibiting of CW-PAO reduced H2O2 accumulation, restored Spd decline in both genotypes, indicating its potential role in Al-induced H2O2 production through catalyzing Spd oxidation. Additionally, Al significantly increased the activity of plasma membrane-NADPH oxidase, another H2O2 generator, in wheat roots. Put application significantly inhibited the activity of CW-PAO and plasma membrane-NADPH oxidase, and reduced H2O2 accumulation in Al-stressed wheat roots. Antioxidant enzymes were significantly stimulated by Al, but not Put. Overall, Put may protect wheat roots against Al-induced oxidative stress through regulating H2O2 production by inhibiting CW-PAO and plasma membrane-NADPH oxidase.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Yu
- School of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, PR China; MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China
| | - Weiwei Zhou
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China
| | - Kejin Zhou
- School of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, PR China
| | - Wenjing Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China
| | - Xin Liang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China
| | - Yao Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China
| | - Dasheng Sun
- College of Resources and Environment, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, 030801, PR China
| | - Xianyong Lin
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China; Key Laboratory of Subtropical Soil Science and Plant Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
54
|
Kou S, Chen L, Tu W, Scossa F, Wang Y, Liu J, Fernie AR, Song B, Xie C. The arginine decarboxylase gene ADC1, associated to the putrescine pathway, plays an important role in potato cold-acclimated freezing tolerance as revealed by transcriptome and metabolome analyses. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2018; 96:1283-1298. [PMID: 30307077 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.14126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2018] [Revised: 09/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Low temperature severely influences potato production as the cultivated potato (Solanum tuberosum) is frost sensitive, however the mechanism underlying the freezing tolerance of the potato is largely unknown. In the present research, we studied the transcriptome and metabolome of the freezing-tolerant wild species Solanum acaule (Aca) and freezing-sensitive cultivated S. tuberosum (Tub) to identify the main pathways and important factors related to freezing tolerance. Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway annotation indicated that polyamine and amino acid metabolic pathways were specifically upregulated in Aca under cold treatment. The transcriptome changes detected in Aca were accompanied by the specific accumulation of putrescine, saccharides, amino acids and other metabolites. The combination of transcriptome and metabolome analyses revealed that putrescine exhibited an accumulative pattern in accordance with the expression of the arginine decarboxylase gene ADC1. The primary role of putrescine was further confirmed by analyzing all three polyamines (putrescine, spermidine, and spermine) and the genes encoding the corresponding enzymes in two sets of potato genotypes with distinct freezing tolerance, implying that only putrescine and ADC1 were uniquely enhanced by cold in the freezing-tolerant genotypes. The function of putrescine was further analyzed by its exogenous application and the overexpression of SaADC1 in S. tuberosum cv. E3, indicating its important role(s) in cold-acclimated freezing tolerance, which was accompanied with the activation of C-repeat binding factor genes (CBFs). The present research has identified that the ADC1-associated putrescine pathway plays an important role in cold-acclimated freezing tolerance of potato, probably by enhancing the expression of CBF genes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Kou
- Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (HZAU), Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Wei Tu
- Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (HZAU), Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Federico Scossa
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Center, CREA-OFA, Via di Fioranello 52, 00134, Rome, Italy
| | - Yamei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (HZAU), Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Alisdair R Fernie
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Botao Song
- Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (HZAU), Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Conghua Xie
- Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| |
Collapse
|
55
|
Hajiboland R, Bahrami-Rad S, Akhani H, Poschenrieder C. Salt tolerance mechanisms in three Irano-Turanian Brassicaceae halophytes relatives of Arabidopsis thaliana. JOURNAL OF PLANT RESEARCH 2018; 131:1029-1046. [PMID: 29967980 DOI: 10.1007/s10265-018-1053-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Salt tolerance mechanisms were studied in three Irano-Turanian halophytic species from the Brassicaceae (Lepidium latifolium, L. perfoliatum and Schrenkiella parvula) and compared with the glycophyte Arabidopsis thaliana. According to seed germination under salt stress, L. perfoliatum was the most tolerant species, while L. latifolium and S. parvula were rather susceptible. Contrastingly, based on biomass production L. perfoliatum was more salt sensitive than the other two species. In S. parvula biomass was increased up to 2.8-fold by 100 mM NaCl; no significant growth reduction was observed even when exposed to 400 mM NaCl. Stable activities of antioxidative defense enzymes, nil or negligible accumulation of superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide, as well as stable membrane integrity in the three halophytes revealed that no oxidative stress occurred in these tolerant species under salt stress. Proline levels increased in response to salt treatment. However, it contributed only by 0.3‒2.0% to the total osmolyte concentration in the three halophytes (at 400 mM NaCl) and even less (0.04%) in the glycophyte, A. thaliana (at 100 mM NaCl). Soluble sugars in all three halophytes and free amino acids pool in S. parvula decreased under salt treatment in contrast to the glycophyte, A. thaliana. The contribution of organic osmolytes to the total osmolyte pool increased by salt treatment in the roots, while decreased in halophyte and glycophyte, A. thaliana leaves. Interestingly, this reduction was compensated by a higher relative contribution of K in the leaves of the halophytes, but of Na in A. thaliana. Taken together, biomass data and biochemical indicators show that S. parvula is more salt tolerant than the two Lepidium species. Our data indicate that L. latifolium, as a perennial halophyte with a large biomass, is highly suitable for both restoration of saline habitats and saline agriculture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roghieh Hajiboland
- Department of Plant Science, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, 51666-16471, Iran.
| | - Sara Bahrami-Rad
- Department of Plant Science, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, 51666-16471, Iran
| | - Hossein Akhani
- Halophytes and C4 Plants Research Laboratory, Department of Plant Science, School of Biology, University of Tehran, P.O. Box 14155-6455, Tehran, Iran
| | - Charlotte Poschenrieder
- Plant Physiology Laboratory, Bioscience Faculty, Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
56
|
Demidchik V, Shabala S, Isayenkov S, Cuin TA, Pottosin I. Calcium transport across plant membranes: mechanisms and functions. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2018; 220:49-69. [PMID: 29916203 DOI: 10.1111/nph.15266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 191] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Accepted: 04/21/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Contents Summary 49 I. Introduction 49 II. Physiological and structural characteristics of plant Ca2+ -permeable ion channels 50 III. Ca2+ extrusion systems 61 IV. Concluding remarks 64 Acknowledgements 64 References 64 SUMMARY: Calcium is an essential structural, metabolic and signalling element. The physiological functions of Ca2+ are enabled by its orchestrated transport across cell membranes, mediated by Ca2+ -permeable ion channels, Ca2+ -ATPases and Ca2+ /H+ exchangers. Bioinformatics analysis has not determined any Ca2+ -selective filters in plant ion channels, but electrophysiological tests do reveal Ca2+ conductances in plant membranes. The biophysical characteristics of plant Ca2+ conductances have been studied in detail and were recently complemented by molecular genetic approaches. Plant Ca2+ conductances are mediated by several families of ion channels, including cyclic nucleotide-gated channels (CNGCs), ionotropic glutamate receptors, two-pore channel 1 (TPC1), annexins and several types of mechanosensitive channels. Key Ca2+ -mediated reactions (e.g. sensing of temperature, gravity, touch and hormones, and cell elongation and guard cell closure) have now been associated with the activities of specific subunits from these families. Structural studies have demonstrated a unique selectivity filter in TPC1, which is passable for hydrated divalent cations. The hypothesis of a ROS-Ca2+ hub is discussed, linking Ca2+ transport to ROS generation. CNGC inactivation by cytosolic Ca2+ , leading to the termination of Ca2+ signals, is now mechanistically explained. The structure-function relationships of Ca2+ -ATPases and Ca2+ /H+ exchangers, and their regulation and physiological roles are analysed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vadim Demidchik
- Department of Horticulture, Foshan University, Foshan, 528000, China
- Department of Plant Cell Biology and Bioengineering, Biological Faculty, Belarusian State University, 4 Independence Avenue, Minsk, 220030, Belarus
- Komarov Botanical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, 2 Professora Popova Street, St Petersburg, 197376, Russia
| | - Sergey Shabala
- Department of Horticulture, Foshan University, Foshan, 528000, China
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 54, Hobart, Tas, 7001, Australia
| | - Stanislav Isayenkov
- Institute of Food Biotechnology and Genomics, National Academy of Science of Ukraine, 2a Osipovskogo Street, Kyiv, 04123, Ukraine
| | - Tracey A Cuin
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 54, Hobart, Tas, 7001, Australia
| | - Igor Pottosin
- Centro Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad de Colima, Avenida 25 de julio 965, Colima, 28045, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
57
|
Kırtel O, Versluys M, Van den Ende W, Toksoy Öner E. Fructans of the saline world. Biotechnol Adv 2018; 36:1524-1539. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2018.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Revised: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
|
58
|
Recalde L, Vázquez A, Groppa MD, Benavides MP. Reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide are involved in polyamine-induced growth inhibition in wheat plants. PROTOPLASMA 2018; 255:1295-1307. [PMID: 29511833 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-018-1227-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Polyamines (PAs) produce H2O2 and nitric oxide (NO) during their normal catabolism and modulate plant growth and development. To explore the biochemical basis of PAs-induced growth inhibition in Triticum aestivum L seedlings, we examined the role of O2·-, H2O2 or NO in shoot and root development. Although all PA treatments resulted in a variable reduction of root and shoot elongation, spermine (Spm) caused the greater inhibition in a similar way to that observed with the NO donor, sodium nitroprusside (SNP). In both cases, O2·- production was completely blocked whereas H2O2 formation was high in the root apex under SNP or Spm treatments. Catalase recovered root and shoot growth in SNP but not in Spm-treated plants, revealing the involvement of H2O2 in SNP-root length reduction. The addition of the NO scavenger, cPTIO, restored root length in SNP- or Spm-treated plants, respectively, and partially recovered O2·- levels, compared to the plants exposed to PAs or SNP without cPTIO. A strong correlation was observed between root growth restoration and O2·- accumulation after treating roots with SNP + aminoguanidine, a diamine oxidase inhibitor, and with SNP + 1,8-diaminoctane, a polyamine oxidase inhibitor, confirming the essential role of O2·- formation for root growth and the importance of the origin and level of H2O2. The differential modulation of wheat growth by PAs through reactive oxygen species or NO is discussed. Graphical abstract Polyamines, nitric oxide and ROS interaction in plants during plant growth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Recalde
- Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Química Biológica, Cátedra de Química Biológica Vegetal, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Junín 956 1º piso, C1113AAC, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Analía Vázquez
- IQUIFIB-CONICET, Junín 956, C1113AAC, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María D Groppa
- Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Química Biológica, Cátedra de Química Biológica Vegetal, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Junín 956 1º piso, C1113AAC, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- IQUIFIB-CONICET, Junín 956, C1113AAC, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Patricia Benavides
- Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Química Biológica, Cátedra de Química Biológica Vegetal, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Junín 956 1º piso, C1113AAC, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
- IQUIFIB-CONICET, Junín 956, C1113AAC, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| |
Collapse
|
59
|
|
60
|
Yasin NA, Akram W, Khan WU, Ahmad SR, Ahmad A, Ali A. Halotolerant plant-growth promoting rhizobacteria modulate gene expression and osmolyte production to improve salinity tolerance and growth in Capsicum annum L. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:23236-23250. [PMID: 29869207 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-2381-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Some rhizobacteria have demonstrated a noteworthy role in regulation of plant growth and biomass production under biotic and abiotic stresses. The present study was intended to explicate the ameliorative consequences of halotolerant plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (HPGPR) on growth of capsicum plants subjected to salt stress. Salt stress was ascertained by supplementing 1 and 2 g NaCl kg-1 soil. The HPGPR positively invigorated growth attributes, chlorophyll, protein contents, and water use efficiency (WUE) of supplemented capsicum plants under salinity stress conditions. Bacillus fortis strain SSB21 caused highest significant increase in shoot length, root length, and fresh and dry biomass production of capsicum plants grown under saline conditions. This multi-trait bacterium also increased biosynthesis of proline and up-regulated the expression profiles of stress related genes including CAPIP2, CaKR1, CaOSM1, and CAChi2. On the other hand, B. fortis strain SSB21 inoculated plants exhibited reduced level of ethylene, lipid peroxidation, and reactive oxygen species (ROS). All these together contribute to activate physiological and biochemical processes involved in the mitigation of the salinity induced stress in capsicum plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nasim Ahmad Yasin
- Department of University Gardens, University of the Punjab Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Waheed Akram
- Department of University Gardens, University of the Punjab Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
- College of Plant Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Waheed Ullah Khan
- Department of University Gardens, University of the Punjab Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan.
- College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of the Punjab Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - Sajid Rashid Ahmad
- College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of the Punjab Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Aqeel Ahmad
- Department of University Gardens, University of the Punjab Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
- College of Plant Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Aamir Ali
- Department of Botany, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
61
|
Wu J, Shu S, Li C, Sun J, Guo S. Spermidine-mediated hydrogen peroxide signaling enhances the antioxidant capacity of salt-stressed cucumber roots. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2018; 128:152-162. [PMID: 29778839 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2018.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Revised: 04/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is a key signaling molecule that mediates a variety of physiological processes and defense responses against abiotic stress in higher plants. In this study, our aims are to clarify the role of H2O2 accumulation induced by the exogenous application of spermidine (Spd) to cucumber (Cucumis sativus) seedlings in regulating the antioxidant capacity of roots under salt stress. The results showed that Spd caused a significant increase in endogenous polyamines and H2O2 levels, and peaked at 2 h after salt stress. Spd-induced H2O2 accumulation was blocked under salt stress by pretreatment with a H2O2 scavenger and respective inhibitors of cell wall peroxidase (CWPOD; EC: 1.11.1.7), polyamine oxidase (PAO; EC: 1.5.3.11) and NADPH oxidase (NOX; EC: 1.6.3.1); among these three inhibitors, the largest decrease was found in response to the addition of the inhibitor of polyamine oxidase. In addition, we observed that exogenous Spd could increase the activities of the enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD; EC: 1.15.1.1), peroxidase (POD; EC: 1.11.1.7) and catalase (CAT; EC: 1.11.1.6) as well as the expression of their genes in salt-stressed roots, and the effects were inhibited by H2O2 scavengers and polyamine oxidase inhibitors. These results suggested that, by regulating endogenous PAs-mediated H2O2 signaling in roots, Spd could enhance antioxidant enzyme activities and reduce oxidative damage; the main source of H2O2 was polyamine oxidation, which was associated with improved tolerance and root growth recovery of cucumber under salt stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianqiang Wu
- Key Laboratory of Southern Vegetable Crop Genetic Improvement in Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Sheng Shu
- Key Laboratory of Southern Vegetable Crop Genetic Improvement in Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; Suqian Academy of Protected Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Suqian 223800, China
| | - Chengcheng Li
- Key Laboratory of Southern Vegetable Crop Genetic Improvement in Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jin Sun
- Key Laboratory of Southern Vegetable Crop Genetic Improvement in Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; Suqian Academy of Protected Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Suqian 223800, China
| | - Shirong Guo
- Key Laboratory of Southern Vegetable Crop Genetic Improvement in Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; Suqian Academy of Protected Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Suqian 223800, China.
| |
Collapse
|
62
|
Czarnocka W, Karpiński S. Friend or foe? Reactive oxygen species production, scavenging and signaling in plant response to environmental stresses. Free Radic Biol Med 2018; 122:4-20. [PMID: 29331649 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 278] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Revised: 12/17/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
In the natural environment, plants are exposed to a variety of biotic and abiotic stress conditions that trigger rapid changes in the production and scavenging of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The production and scavenging of ROS is compartmentalized, which means that, depending on stimuli type, they can be generated and eliminated in different cellular compartments such as the apoplast, plasma membrane, chloroplasts, mitochondria, peroxisomes, and endoplasmic reticulum. Although the accumulation of ROS is generally harmful to cells, ROS play an important role in signaling pathways that regulate acclimatory and defense responses in plants, such as systemic acquired acclimation (SAA) and systemic acquired resistance (SAR). However, high accumulations of ROS can also trigger redox homeostasis disturbance which can lead to cell death, and in consequence, to a limitation in biomass and yield production. Different ROS have various half-lifetimes and degrees of reactivity toward molecular components such as lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. Thus, they play different roles in intra- and extra-cellular signaling. Despite their possible damaging effect, ROS should mainly be considered as signaling molecules that regulate local and systemic acclimatory and defense responses. Over the past two decades it has been proven that ROS together with non-photochemical quenching (NPQ), hormones, Ca2+ waves, and electrical signals are the main players in SAA and SAR, two physiological processes essential for plant survival and productivity in unfavorable conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weronika Czarnocka
- Department of Plant Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology, Faculty of Horticulture, Biotechnology and Landscape Architecture, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW), Nowoursynowska Street 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland; Department of Botany, Faculty of Agriculture and Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW), Nowoursynowska Street 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Stanisław Karpiński
- Department of Plant Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology, Faculty of Horticulture, Biotechnology and Landscape Architecture, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW), Nowoursynowska Street 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland; The Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute (IHAR) - National Research Institute, Radzików, 05-870 Błonie, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
63
|
Pottosin I, Zepeda-Jazo I. Powering the plasma membrane Ca2+-ROS self-amplifying loop. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2018; 69:3317-3320. [PMID: 29931349 PMCID: PMC6009657 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/ery179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Igor Pottosin
- Biomedical Center, University of Colima, Colima, Mexico
- School of Land and Food, University of Tasmania, Hobart Tas., Australia
| | - Isaac Zepeda-Jazo
- Food Genomics Department, University of La Ciénega Michoacán de Ocampo State, Sahuayo Mich, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
64
|
Park JY, Kang BR, Ryu C, Anderson AJ, Kim YC. Polyamine is a critical determinant of Pseudomonas chlororaphis O6 for GacS-dependent bacterial cell growth and biocontrol capacity. MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY 2018; 19:1257-1266. [PMID: 28862813 PMCID: PMC6638107 DOI: 10.1111/mpp.12610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The Gac/Rsm network regulates, at the transcriptional level, many beneficial traits in biocontrol-active pseudomonads. In this study, we used Phenotype MicroArrays, followed by specific growth studies and mutational analysis, to understand how catabolism is regulated by this sensor kinase system in the biocontrol isolate Pseudomonas chlororaphis O6. The growth of a gacS mutant was decreased significantly relative to that of the wild-type on ornithine and arginine, and on the precursor of these amino acids, N-acetyl-l-glutamic acid. The gacS mutant also showed reduced production of polyamines. Expression of the genes encoding arginine decarboxylase (speA) and ornithine decarboxylases (speC) was controlled at the transcriptional level by the GacS sensor of P. chlororaphis O6. Polyamine production was reduced in the speC mutant, and was eliminated in the speAspeC mutant. The addition of exogenous polyamines to the speAspeC mutant restored the in vitro growth inhibition of two fungal pathogens, as well as the secretion of three biological control-related factors: pyrrolnitrin, protease and siderophore. These results extend our knowledge of the regulation by the Gac/Rsm network in a biocontrol pseudomonad to include polyamine synthesis. Collectively, our studies demonstrate that bacterial polyamines act as important regulators of bacterial cell growth and biocontrol potential.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ju Yeon Park
- Department of Applied BiologyCollege of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National UniversityGwangju 61186South Korea
| | - Beom Ryong Kang
- Department of Applied BiologyCollege of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National UniversityGwangju 61186South Korea
| | - Choong‐Min Ryu
- Molecular Phytobacteriology LaboratoryInfectious Disease Research Center, KRIBBDaejeon 34141South Korea
| | - Anne J. Anderson
- Department of BioengineeringUtah State UniversityLoganUT 84322‐5305USA
| | - Young Cheol Kim
- Department of Applied BiologyCollege of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National UniversityGwangju 61186South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
65
|
Pottosin I, Zepeda-Jazo I, Bose J, Shabala S. An Anion Conductance, the Essential Component of the Hydroxyl-Radical-Induced Ion Current in Plant Roots. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E897. [PMID: 29562632 PMCID: PMC5877758 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19030897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2018] [Revised: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress signaling is essential for plant adaptation to hostile environments. Previous studies revealed the essentiality of hydroxyl radicals (HO•)-induced activation of massive K⁺ efflux and a smaller Ca2+ influx as an important component of plant adaptation to a broad range of abiotic stresses. Such activation would modify membrane potential making it more negative. Contrary to these expectations, here, we provide experimental evidence that HO• induces a strong depolarization, from -130 to -70 mV, which could only be explained by a substantial HO•-induced efflux of intracellular anions. Application of Gd3+ and NPPB, non-specific blockers of cation and anion conductance, respectively, reduced HO•-induced ion fluxes instantaneously, implying a direct block of the dual conductance. The selectivity of an early instantaneous HO•-induced whole cell current fluctuated from more anionic to more cationic and vice versa, developing a higher cation selectivity at later times. The parallel electroneutral efflux of K⁺ and anions should underlie a substantial leak of the cellular electrolyte, which may affect the cell's turgor and metabolic status. The physiological implications of these findings are discussed in the context of cell fate determination, and ROS and cytosolic K⁺ signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Igor Pottosin
- Centro Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad de Colima; Av. 25 de julio 965, Villa de San Sebastian, Colima, Col. 28045, Mexico.
- School of Land and Food, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 54, Hobart, Tas. 7001, Australia.
| | - Isaac Zepeda-Jazo
- Genómica Alimentaria, Universidad de La Ciénega del Estado de Michoacán de Ocampo, Av. Universidad 3000, Lomas de la Universidad, Sahuayo, Mich. 59103, Mexico.
| | - Jayakumar Bose
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide SA 5064, Australia.
| | - Sergey Shabala
- School of Land and Food, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 54, Hobart, Tas. 7001, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
66
|
Kusano T, Sagor GHM, Berberich T. Molecules for Sensing Polyamines and Transducing Their Action in Plants. Methods Mol Biol 2018; 1694:25-35. [PMID: 29080152 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-7398-9_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Polyamines play important roles in growth, development, and adaptive responses to various stresses. In the past two decades, progress in plant polyamine research has accelerated, and the key molecules and components involved in many biological events have been identified. Recently, polyamine sensors used to detect polyamine-enriched foods and polyamines derived from degrading flesh were identified in fly and zebrafish, respectively. Work has begun to identify such molecules in plants as well. Here, we summarize the current knowledge about polyamines in plants. Furthermore, we discuss the roles of key molecules, such as calcium ions, reactive oxygen species, nitric oxide, γ-aminobutyric acid, polyamine transporters, and the mitogen-activated protein kinase cascade, from the viewpoint of polyamine action.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomonobu Kusano
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8577, Japan.
| | - G H M Sagor
- Department of Genetics & Plant Breeding, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Thomas Berberich
- Laboratory Center, Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (BiK-F), George-Voigt-Str. 14-16, 60325, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
67
|
Luo S, Zhang X, Wang J, Jiao C, Chen Y, Shen Y. Plant ion channels and transporters in herbivory-induced signalling. FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2018; 45:111-131. [PMID: 32291026 DOI: 10.1071/fp16318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2016] [Accepted: 12/06/2016] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In contrast to many biotic stresses that plants face, feeding by herbivores produces unique mechanical and chemical signatures. Plants have evolved effective systems to recognise these mechanical stimuli and chemical elicitors at the plasma membrane (PM), where this recognition generates ion fluxes, including an influx of Ca2+ that elicits cellular Ca2+ signalling, production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and variation in transmembrane potential. These signalling events also function in propagation of long-distance signals (Ca2+ waves, ROS waves, and electrical signals), which contribute to rapid, systemic induction of defence responses. Recent studies have identified several candidate channels or transporters that likely produce these ion fluxes at the PM. Here, we describe the important roles of these channels/transporters in transduction or transmission of herbivory-induced early signalling events, long-distance signals, and jasmonic acid and green leaf volatile signalling in plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuitian Luo
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jinfei Wang
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Chunyang Jiao
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yingying Chen
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yingbai Shen
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| |
Collapse
|
68
|
Agurla S, Gayatri G, Raghavendra AS. Polyamines increase nitric oxide and reactive oxygen species in guard cells of Arabidopsis thaliana during stomatal closure. PROTOPLASMA 2018; 255:153-162. [PMID: 28699025 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-017-1139-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
A comprehensive study which was undertaken on the effect of three polyamines (PAs) on stomatal closure was examined in relation to nitric oxide (NO) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in guard cells of Arabidopsis thaliana. Three PAs-putrescine (Put), spermidine (Spd), and spermine (Spm)-induced stomatal closure, while increasing the levels of NO as well as ROS in guard cells. The roles of NO and ROS were confirmed by the reversal of closure by cPTIO (NO scavenger) and catalase (ROS scavenger). The presence of L-NAME (NOS-like enzyme inhibitor) reversed PA-induced stomatal closure, suggesting that NOS-like enzyme played a significant role in NO production during stomatal closure. The reversal of stomatal closure by diphenylene iodonium (DPI, NADPH oxidase inhibitor) or 2-bromoethylamine (BEA, copper amine oxidase inhibitor) or 1,12 diaminododecane (DADD, polyamine oxidase inhibitor) was partial. In contrast, the presence of DPI along with BEA/DADD reversed completely the closure by PAs. We conclude that both NO and ROS are essential signaling components during Put-, Spd-, and Spm-induced stomatal closure. The PA-induced ROS production is mediated by both NADPH oxidase and amine oxidase. The rise in ROS appears to be upstream of NO. Ours is the first detailed study on the role of NO and its dependence on ROS during stomatal closure by three major PAs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Srinivas Agurla
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500046, India
| | - Gunja Gayatri
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500046, India
| | - Agepati S Raghavendra
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500046, India.
| |
Collapse
|
69
|
Zepeda-Jazo I, Pottosin I. Methods Related to Polyamine Control of Cation Transport Across Plant Membranes. Methods Mol Biol 2018; 1694:257-276. [PMID: 29080173 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-7398-9_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Polyamines (PAs) are unique polycationic metabolites, which modulate plants' growth, development, and stress responses. As polycations, PAs interfere with cationic transport systems as ion channels and ionotropic pumps. Here, we describe the application of two techniques, MIFE to study the effects of PAs on cation fluxes in vivo and conventional patch-clamp to evaluate the PA blockage of ion currents in isolated plant vacuoles. Preparation of vacuoles for patch-clamp assays is described and solutions and voltage protocols are given, which allow separate recordings of major vacuolar channel currents and quantify their blockage by PAs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Isaac Zepeda-Jazo
- Universidad de La Ciénega del Estado de Michoacán de Ocampo, Av. Universidad 3000, Lomas de la Universidad, Sahuayo, 59103, Michoacán, México
| | - Igor Pottosin
- Centro Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad de Colima, Av. 25 de julio 965, Villa de San Sebastian, 28045, Colima, Colima, México.
| |
Collapse
|
70
|
Demidchik V, Shabala S. Mechanisms of cytosolic calcium elevation in plants: the role of ion channels, calcium extrusion systems and NADPH oxidase-mediated 'ROS-Ca 2+ Hub'. FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2018; 45:9-27. [PMID: 32291018 DOI: 10.1071/fp16420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Elevation in the cytosolic free calcium is crucial for plant growth, development and adaptation. Calcium influx into plant cells is mediated by Ca2+ depolarisation-activated, hyperpolarisation-activated and voltage-independent Ca2+-permeable channels (DACCs, HACCs and VICCs respectively). These channels are encoded by the following gene families: (1) cyclic nucleotide-gated channels (CNGCs), (2) ionotropic glutamate receptors (GLRs), (3) annexins, (4) 'mechanosensitive channels of small (MscS) conductance'-like channels (MSLs), (5) 'mid1-complementing activity' channels (MCAs), Piezo channels, and hyperosmolality-induced [Ca2+]cyt. channel 1 (OSCA1). Also, a 'tandem-pore channel1' (TPC1) catalyses Ca2+ efflux from the vacuole in response to the plasma membrane-mediated Ca2+ elevation. Recent experimental data demonstrated that Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. CNGCs 2, 5-10, 14, 16 and 18, GLRs 1.2, 3.3, 3.4, 3.6 and 3.7, TPC1, ANNEXIN1, MSL9 and MSL10,MCA1 and MCA2, OSCA1, and some their homologues counterparts in other species, are responsible for Ca2+ currents and/or cytosolic Ca2+ elevation. Extrusion of Ca2+ from the cytosol is mediated by Ca2+-ATPases and Ca2+/H+ exchangers which were recently examined at the level of high resolution crystal structure. Calcium-activated NADPH oxidases and reactive oxygen species (ROS)-activated Ca2+ conductances form a self-amplifying 'ROS-Ca2+hub', enhancing and transducing Ca2+ and redox signals. The ROS-Ca2+ hub contributes to physiological reactions controlled by ROS and Ca2+, demonstrating synergism and unity of Ca2+ and ROS signalling mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vadim Demidchik
- Department of Plant Cell Biology and Bioengineering, Biological Faculty, Belarusian State University, 4 Independence Avenue, Minsk, 220030, Belarus
| | - Sergey Shabala
- School of Land and Food, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 54, Hobart, Tas. 7001, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
71
|
Patel J, Ariyaratne M, Ahmed S, Ge L, Phuntumart V, Kalinoski A, Morris PF. Dual functioning of plant arginases provides a third route for putrescine synthesis. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2017; 262:62-73. [PMID: 28716421 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2017.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Revised: 05/04/2017] [Accepted: 05/25/2017] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Two biosynthetic routes are known for putrescine, an essential plant metabolite. Ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) converts ornithine directly to putrescine, while a second route for putrescine biosynthesis utilizes arginine decarboxylase (ADC) to convert arginine to agmatine, and two additional enzymes, agmatine iminohydrolase (AIH) and N-carbamoyl putrescine aminohydrolase (NLP1) to complete this pathway. Here we show that plants can use ADC and arginase/agmatinase (ARGAH) as a third route for putrescine synthesis. Transformation of Arabidopsis thaliana ADC2, and any of the arginases from A. thaliana (ARGAH1, or ARGHA2) or the soybean gene Glyma.03g028000 (GmARGAH) into a yeast strain deficient in ODC, fully complemented the mutant phenotype. In vitro assays using purified recombinant enzymes of AtADC1 and AtARGAH2 were used to show that these enzymes can function in concert to convert arginine to agmatine and putrescine. Transient expression analysis of the soybean genes (Glyma.06g007500, ADC; Glyma.03g028000 GmARGAH) and the A. thaliana ADC2 and ARGAH genes in leaves of Nicotiana benthamiana, showed that these proteins are localized to the chloroplast. Experimental support for this pathway also comes from the fact that expression of AtARGAH, but not AtAIH or AtNLP1, is co-regulated with AtADC2 in response to drought, oxidative stress, wounding, and methyl jasmonate treatments. Based on the high affinity of ARGAH2 for agmatine, its co-localization with ADC2, and typically low arginine levels in many plant tissues, we propose that these two enzymes can be major contributors to putrescine synthesis in many A. thaliana stress responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jigar Patel
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, OH 43403, United States
| | - Menaka Ariyaratne
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, OH 43403, United States
| | - Sheaza Ahmed
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, OH 43403, United States
| | - Lingxiao Ge
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, OH 43403, United States
| | - Vipaporn Phuntumart
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, OH 43403, United States
| | - Andrea Kalinoski
- Department of Surgery, University of Toledo, 3000 Arlington Ave, Toledo, OH 43614, United States
| | - Paul F Morris
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, OH 43403, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
72
|
Farooq M, Gogoi N, Hussain M, Barthakur S, Paul S, Bharadwaj N, Migdadi HM, Alghamdi SS, Siddique KHM. Effects, tolerance mechanisms and management of salt stress in grain legumes. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2017; 118:199-217. [PMID: 28648997 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2017.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2017] [Revised: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 06/15/2017] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Salt stress is an ever-present threat to crop yields, especially in countries with irrigated agriculture. Efforts to improve salt tolerance in crop plants are vital for sustainable crop production on marginal lands to ensure future food supplies. Grain legumes are a fascinating group of plants due to their high grain protein contents and ability to fix biological nitrogen. However, the accumulation of excessive salts in soil and the use of saline groundwater are threatening legume production worldwide. Salt stress disturbs photosynthesis and hormonal regulation and causes nutritional imbalance, specific ion toxicity and osmotic effects in legumes to reduce grain yield and quality. Understanding the responses of grain legumes to salt stress and the associated tolerance mechanisms, as well as assessing management options, may help in the development of strategies to improve the performance of grain legumes under salt stress. In this manuscript, we discuss the effects, tolerance mechanisms and management of salt stress in grain legumes. The principal inferences of the review are: (i) salt stress reduces seed germination (by up to more than 50%) either by inhibiting water uptake and/or the toxic effect of ions in the embryo, (ii) salt stress reduces growth (by more than 70%), mineral uptake, and yield (by 12-100%) due to ion toxicity and reduced photosynthesis, (iii) apoplastic acidification is a good indicator of salt stress tolerance, (iv) tolerance to salt stress in grain legumes may develop through excretion and/or compartmentalization of toxic ions, increased antioxidant capacity, accumulation of compatible osmolytes, and/or hormonal regulation, (v) seed priming and nutrient management may improve salt tolerance in grain legumes, (vi) plant growth promoting rhizobacteria and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi may help to improve salt tolerance due to better plant nutrient availability, and (vii) the integration of screening, innovative breeding, and the development of transgenics and crop management strategies may enhance salt tolerance and yield in grain legumes on salt-affected soils.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Farooq
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan; The UWA Institute of Agriculture and School of Agriculture & Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6001, Australia; College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Nirmali Gogoi
- Department of Environmental Science, Tezpur University, Tezpur 784028, Assam, India
| | - Mubshar Hussain
- Department of Agronomy, Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan, Pakistan
| | - Sharmistha Barthakur
- National Research Centre on Plant Biotechnology, Pusa Campus, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Sreyashi Paul
- Department of Environmental Science, Tezpur University, Tezpur 784028, Assam, India
| | - Nandita Bharadwaj
- Department of Environmental Science, Tezpur University, Tezpur 784028, Assam, India
| | - Hussein M Migdadi
- College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salem S Alghamdi
- College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kadambot H M Siddique
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture and School of Agriculture & Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6001, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
73
|
Zhao H, Jiang J, Li K, Liu G. Populus simonii × Populus nigra WRKY70 is involved in salt stress and leaf blight disease responses. TREE PHYSIOLOGY 2017; 37:827-844. [PMID: 28369503 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpx020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2016] [Accepted: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
WRKY transcription factors (TFs) are important regulators in the complex stress response signaling networks in plants, but the detailed mechanisms underlying these regulatory networks have not been fully characterized. In the present study, we identified a Group III WRKY gene (PsnWRKY70, Potri.016G137900) from Populussimonii × Populusnigra and explored its function under salt and pathogen stresses. The promoter sequence that is located 2471-bp upstream from the start codon (SC) of PsnWRKY70 contained many stress-responsive cis-elements. Yeast one-hybrid assay suggested the upstream regulators, PsnWRKY70, PsnNAM (Potri.009G141600), PsnMYB (Potri.006G000800) and PsnGT1 (Potri.010G055000), probably modulate the expression of the PsnWRKY70 gene by specifically binding to the W-box or GT1GMSCAM4 (GT1) element. Yeast two-hybrid assay and transcriptome analysis revealed that HP1 (Potri.004G092100), RRM (Potri.008G146700), Ulp1 (Potri.002G105700) and some mitogen-activated protein kinase cascade members probably interact with PsnWRKY70 TF to response to salt stress. Compared with non-transgenic (NT) plants, PsnWRKY70-overexpressing (OEX) plants exhibited improved leaf blight disease resistance, while PsnWRKY70-repressing (REX) plants displayed enhanced salt stress tolerance. PsnWRKY70, PsnNAM, PsnMYB and PsnGT1 exhibited similar expression patterns in NT under salt and leaf blight disease stresses. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) from NT vs OEX1 and the DEGs from NT vs REX1 exhibited considerable diversification. Most of the DEGs between NT and OEX1 were involved in aromatic amino acid biosynthesis, secondary metabolism, programmed cell death, peroxisomes and disease resistance. Most of the DEGs between NT and REX1 were related to desiccation response, urea transmembrane transport, abscisic acid response, calcium ion transport and hydrogen peroxide transmembrane transport. Our findings not only revealed the salt stress response signal transduction pathway of PsnWRKY70, but also provided direct evidence for the opposite biological functions of PsnWRKY70 TF in response to salt stress and leaf blight disease in P. simonii × P. nigra.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, No. 2, Hexing Road, Xiangfang, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040, China
| | - Jing Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, No. 2, Hexing Road, Xiangfang, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040, China
| | - Kailong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, No. 2, Hexing Road, Xiangfang, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040, China
| | - Guifeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, No. 2, Hexing Road, Xiangfang, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040, China
| |
Collapse
|
74
|
Metabolic and transcriptional alternations for defense by interfering OsWRKY62 and OsWRKY76 transcriptions in rice. Sci Rep 2017; 7:2474. [PMID: 28559550 PMCID: PMC5449406 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-02643-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolomic and transcriptomic approaches were used to dissect the enhanced disease resistance in the plants harbouring a RNA interfering construct of OsWRKY62 and OsWRKY76 (dsOW62/76) genes. The primary metabolic pathways were activated in dsOW62/76 compared with wild-type (ZH17) plants, revealed by increased accumulation of amino acids and constituents of citric acid cycle etc. Contents of phenolic acids derived from phenylpropanoid pathway were elevated in dsOW62/76 plants. Importantly, phenolamides, conjugates of the phenolic acids with amines, were detected in large number and mostly at higher levels in dsOW62/76 compared with ZH17 plants; however, the free pools of flavonoids were mostly decreased in dsOW62/76. Salicylic acid (SA) and jasmonic acid (JA)/JA-Ile contents were increased in dsOW62/76 and knockout lines of individual OsWRKY62 and OsWRKY76 genes. Transcription of isochorismate synthase (OsICS1) gene was suppressed in dsOW62/76 and in MeJA-treated rice plants, whereas the transcription level of cinnamoyl-CoA hydratase-dehydrogenase (OsCHD) gene for β-oxidation in peroxisome was increased. The calli with OsCHD mutation showed markedly decreased SA accumulation. These results indicate that OsWRKY62 and OsWRKY76 function as negative regulators of biosynthetic defense-related metabolites and provide evidence for an important role of phenylpropanoid pathway in SA production in rice.
Collapse
|
75
|
Takács Z, Poór P, Szepesi Á, Tari I. In vivo inhibition of polyamine oxidase by a spermine analogue, MDL-72527, in tomato exposed to sublethal and lethal salt stress. FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2017; 44:480-492. [PMID: 32480581 DOI: 10.1071/fp16280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Accepted: 12/24/2016] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The spermine analogue N1,N4-bis-(2,3-butadienyl)-1,4-butanediamine (MDL-72527), an effective inhibitor of polyamine oxidases (PAOs), triggers a systemic response in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) exposed to sublethal (100mM) and lethal (250mM) NaCl concentrations. The accumulation of free polyamines (PAs), the terminal oxidation of PAs by diamine oxidases (DAOs) and PAOs, and the production of H2O2 by PA oxidases depends on the intensity of salt stress. Spermidine and spermine content increased significantly under sublethal salt concentrations, but remained low under lethal salt stress. Along with increased expression of the selected SlDAO1 and SlPAO1 genes in the leaves and roots, respectively, DAO and PAO activities and their product, H2O2, increased and initiated cell death by irreversible loss of electrolytes at 250mM NaCl. MDL-72527 significantly increased spermine, spermidine and/or putrescine contents as a result of reduced activity of PA oxidases; furthermore, it inhibited H2O2 and NO production during salt treatment. These results indicate that PAO contributed to H2O2 and NO production under salt stress, and the terminal activities of DAO and PAO play a role in cell death induction at 250mM NaCl. However, the inhibition of PAO by MDL-72527 does not increase the salt tolerance of plants, since electrolyte leakage increased significantly in the presence of the inhibitor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zoltán Takács
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Szeged, H-6726 Szeged, Közép Fasor 52, Hungary
| | - Péter Poór
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Szeged, H-6726 Szeged, Közép Fasor 52, Hungary
| | - Ágnes Szepesi
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Szeged, H-6726 Szeged, Közép Fasor 52, Hungary
| | - Irma Tari
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Szeged, H-6726 Szeged, Közép Fasor 52, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
76
|
Zhao F, Durner J, Winkler JB, Traidl-Hoffmann C, Strom TM, Ernst D, Frank U. Pollen of common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.): Illumina-based de novo sequencing and differential transcript expression upon elevated NO 2/O 3. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2017; 224:503-514. [PMID: 28284545 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.02.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2016] [Revised: 12/15/2016] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.) is a highly allergenic annual ruderal plant and native to Northern America, but now also spreading across Europe. Air pollution and climate change will not only affect plant growth, pollen production and duration of the whole pollen season, but also the amount of allergenic encoding transcripts and proteins of the pollen. The objective of this study was to get a better understanding of transcriptional changes in ragweed pollen upon NO2 and O3 fumigation. This will also contribute to a systems biology approach to understand the reaction of the allergenic pollen to air pollution and climate change. Ragweed plants were grown in climate chambers under controlled conditions and fumigated with enhanced levels of NO2 and O3. Illumina sequencing and de novo assembly revealed significant differentially expressed transcripts, belonging to different gene ontology (GO) terms that were grouped into biological process and molecular function. Transcript levels of the known Amb a ragweed encoding allergens were clearly up-regulated under elevated NO2, whereas the amount of allergen encoding transcripts was more variable under elevated O3 conditions. Moreover transcripts encoding allergen known from other plants could be identified. The transcriptional changes in ragweed pollen upon elevated NO2 fumigation indicates that air pollution will alter the transcriptome of the pollen. The changed levels of allergenic encoding transcripts may have an influence on the total allergenic potential of ragweed pollen.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Feng Zhao
- Institute of Biochemical Plant Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.
| | - Jörg Durner
- Institute of Biochemical Plant Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany; Biochemical Plant Pathology, Technische Universität München, Center of Life and Food Sciences Weihenstephan, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany.
| | - J Barbro Winkler
- Research Unit Environmental Simulation, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.
| | - Claudia Traidl-Hoffmann
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, UNIKA-T, Augsburg, Germany; CK-CARE, Christine Kühne - Center for Allergy Research and Education, Davos-Wolfgang, Switzerland.
| | - Tim-Matthias Strom
- Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.
| | - Dieter Ernst
- Institute of Biochemical Plant Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany; CK-CARE, Christine Kühne - Center for Allergy Research and Education, Davos-Wolfgang, Switzerland.
| | - Ulrike Frank
- Institute of Biochemical Plant Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany; CK-CARE, Christine Kühne - Center for Allergy Research and Education, Davos-Wolfgang, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
77
|
Wang LW, He MW, Guo SR, Zhong M, Shu S, Sun J. NaCl stress induces CsSAMs gene expression in Cucumis sativus by mediating the binding of CsGT-3b to the GT-1 element within the CsSAMs promoter. PLANTA 2017; 245:889-908. [PMID: 28074264 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-017-2650-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2016] [Accepted: 01/05/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION The CsSAMs promoter is a salt-stress-inducible promoter containing three GT-1 elements that are sufficient for the salt-stress response. The transcription factor CsGT-3b was found to bind to the GT-1 element. The S-adenosyl-L-methionine synthase (SAMs) gene is among the functional genes induced during environmental stress. However, little is known about the regulatory mechanism and upstream regulators of this salt-inducible gene in cucumber plants. Thus, it is necessary to understand the characteristics of the SAMs gene by analyzing its promoter and transcription factors. In this study, we isolated and functionally analyzed a 1743-bp flanking fragment of the CsSAMs gene from Cucumis sativus. To examine promoter activity, the full-length promoter, as well as different promoter fragments, were fused to the β-glucuronidase (GUS) reporter gene and introduced into the tobacco genome. The full-length promoter displayed maximal promoter activity, whereas the P4 promoter, containing 321 bp of upstream sequence, showed no basal promoter activity. In addition, the CsSAMs promoter exhibited stress-inducible regulation rather than tissue-specific activity in transgenic tobacco. Histochemical analysis revealed strong GUS staining in leaves, stems, and roots, especially in the veins of leaves, the vascular bundle of stems, and root tip zones following NaCl stress. A transient expression assay confirmed that the 242-bp region (-1743 to -1500) was sufficient for the NaCl-stress response. Yeast one-hybrid assays further revealed interaction between the NaCl-response protein CsGT-3b and the GT-1 (GAAAAA) element within the 242-bp region. Taken together, we revealed the presence of four salt-stress-responsive elements (GT-1 cis-elements) in the CsSAMs promoter and identified a transcription factor, CsGT-3b, that specifically binds to this sequence. These results might help us better understand the intricate regulatory network of the cucumber SAMs gene.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li-Wei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Southern Vegetable Crop Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, Nanjing, China
| | - Mei-Wen He
- Key Laboratory of Southern Vegetable Crop Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, Nanjing, China
| | - Shi-Rong Guo
- Key Laboratory of Southern Vegetable Crop Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, Nanjing, China
| | - Min Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Southern Vegetable Crop Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, Nanjing, China
| | - Sheng Shu
- Key Laboratory of Southern Vegetable Crop Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, Nanjing, China
| | - Jin Sun
- Key Laboratory of Southern Vegetable Crop Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, Nanjing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
78
|
Sengupta M, Raychaudhuri SS. Partial alleviation of oxidative stress induced by gamma irradiation in Vigna radiata by polyamine treatment. Int J Radiat Biol 2017; 93:803-817. [PMID: 28452569 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2017.1321807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Environmental changes generate free radicals and reactive oxygen species (ROS) resulting in abiotic stress in plants. This causes alterations in germination, morphology, growth and development ultimately leading to yield loss. Gamma irradiation was used to experimentally induce oxidative damage in an important pulse crop Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek or mung bean. Our research was aimed towards augmentation of oxidative stress tolerance through treatment with a group of aliphatic amines known as polyamines. MATERIALS AND METHODS We used sub-lethal doses of gamma irradiation to generate oxidative damage which was evaluated using Nitro blue tetrazolium (NBT) staining, total antioxidant activity, 1, 1-Diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay, proline content and lipid peroxidation. Changes in internal free polyamines and messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) expression of key rate-limiting S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase (SAMDC) enzyme in polyamine biosynthetic pathway was studied using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). RESULTS We observed increased oxidative damage with higher irradiation dose which was partially alleviated by putrescine treatment. Internal levels of putrescine and spermidine increased with 1 mM (50 and 100 Gy) and 2 mM putrescine treatment. Expression of SAMDC also increased with putrescine treatment. CONCLUSION This study shows that treatment with putrescine can partially alleviate oxidative damage caused by gamma rays.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mandar Sengupta
- a Department of Biophysics, Molecular Biology and Bioinformatics , University of Calcutta , Kolkata , India
| | - Sarmistha Sen Raychaudhuri
- a Department of Biophysics, Molecular Biology and Bioinformatics , University of Calcutta , Kolkata , India
| |
Collapse
|
79
|
Liu H, Guo Z, Gu F, Ke S, Sun D, Dong S, Liu W, Huang M, Xiao W, Yang G, Liu Y, Guo T, Wang H, Wang J, Chen Z. 4-Coumarate-CoA Ligase-Like Gene OsAAE3 Negatively Mediates the Rice Blast Resistance, Floret Development and Lignin Biosynthesis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 7:2041. [PMID: 28119718 PMCID: PMC5222848 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.02041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Although adenosine monophosphate (AMP) binding domain is widely distributed in multiple plant species, detailed molecular functions of AMP binding proteins (AMPBPs) in plant development and plant-pathogen interaction remain unclear. In the present study, we identified an AMPBP OsAAE3 from a previous analysis of early responsive genes in rice during Magnaporthe oryzae infection. OsAAE3 is a homolog of Arabidopsis AAE3 in rice, which encodes a 4-coumarate-Co-A ligase (4CL) like protein. A phylogenetic analysis showed that OsAAE3 was most likely 4CL-like 10 in an independent group. OsAAE3 was localized to cytoplasm, and it could be expressed in various tissues. Histochemical staining of transgenic plants carrying OsAAE3 promoter-driven GUS (β-glucuronidase) reporter gene suggested that OsAAE3 was expressed in all tissues of rice. Furthermore, OsAAE3-OX plants showed increased susceptibility to M. Oryzae, and this finding was attributable to decreased expression of pathogen-related 1a (PR1) and low level of peroxidase (POD) activity. Moreover, OsAAE3 over-expression resulted in increased content of H2O2, leading to programmed cell-death induced by reactive oxygen species (ROS). In addition, OsAAE3 over-expression repressed the floret development, exhibiting dramatically twisted glume and decreased fertility rate of anther. Meanwhile, the expressions of lignin biosynthesis genes were significantly decreased in OsAAE3-OX plants, thereby leading to reduced lignin content. Taken together, OsAAE3 functioned as a negative regulator in rice blast resistance, floret development, and lignin biosynthesis. Our findings further expanded the knowledge in functions of AMBPs in plant floret development and the regulation of rice-fungus interaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Liu
- National Engineering Research Center of Plant Space Breeding, South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou, China
| | - Zhenhua Guo
- Department of Rice Breeding, Jiamusi Rice Research Institute of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural SciencesJiamusi, China
| | - Fengwei Gu
- National Engineering Research Center of Plant Space Breeding, South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou, China
| | - Shanwen Ke
- Department of Plant Breeding, College of Agricultural, South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou, China
| | - Dayuan Sun
- Plant Protection Research Institute Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Guangdong Provincial key Laboratory of High Technology for Plant ProtectionGuangzhou, China
| | - Shuangyu Dong
- National Engineering Research Center of Plant Space Breeding, South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou, China
| | - Wei Liu
- National Engineering Research Center of Plant Space Breeding, South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou, China
| | - Ming Huang
- National Engineering Research Center of Plant Space Breeding, South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou, China
| | - Wuming Xiao
- National Engineering Research Center of Plant Space Breeding, South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou, China
| | - Guili Yang
- National Engineering Research Center of Plant Space Breeding, South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou, China
| | - Yongzhu Liu
- National Engineering Research Center of Plant Space Breeding, South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou, China
| | - Tao Guo
- National Engineering Research Center of Plant Space Breeding, South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou, China
| | - Hui Wang
- National Engineering Research Center of Plant Space Breeding, South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou, China
| | - Jiafeng Wang
- National Engineering Research Center of Plant Space Breeding, South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou, China
| | - Zhiqiang Chen
- National Engineering Research Center of Plant Space Breeding, South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
80
|
Activation of SAT1 engages polyamine metabolism with p53-mediated ferroptotic responses. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2016; 113:E6806-E6812. [PMID: 27698118 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1607152113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 461] [Impact Index Per Article: 57.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Although p53-mediated cell-cycle arrest, senescence, and apoptosis remain critical barriers to cancer development, the emerging role of p53 in cell metabolism, oxidative responses, and ferroptotic cell death has been a topic of great interest. Nevertheless, it is unclear how p53 orchestrates its activities in multiple metabolic pathways into tumor suppressive effects. Here, we identified the SAT1 (spermidine/spermine N1-acetyltransferase 1) gene as a transcription target of p53. SAT1 is a rate-limiting enzyme in polyamine catabolism critically involved in the conversion of spermidine and spermine back to putrescine. Surprisingly, we found that activation of SAT1 expression induces lipid peroxidation and sensitizes cells to undergo ferroptosis upon reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced stress, which also leads to suppression of tumor growth in xenograft tumor models. Notably, SAT1 expression is down-regulated in human tumors, and CRISPR-cas9-mediated knockout of SAT1 expression partially abrogates p53-mediated ferroptosis. Moreover, SAT1 induction is correlated with the expression levels of arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase (ALOX15), and SAT1-induced ferroptosis is significantly abrogated in the presence of PD146176, a specific inhibitor of ALOX15. Thus, our findings uncover a metabolic target of p53 involved in ferroptotic cell death and provide insight into the regulation of polyamine metabolism and ferroptosis-mediated tumor suppression.
Collapse
|
81
|
Li YJ, Harroun SG, Su YC, Huang CF, Unnikrishnan B, Lin HJ, Lin CH, Huang CC. Synthesis of Self-Assembled Spermidine-Carbon Quantum Dots Effective against Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria. Adv Healthc Mater 2016; 5:2545-2554. [PMID: 27448287 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201600297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2016] [Revised: 05/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
This study reports a two-step method to synthesize spermidine-capped fluorescent carbon quantum dots (Spd-CQDs) and their potential application as an antibacterial agent. Fluorescent carbon quantum dots (CQDs) are synthesized by pyrolysis of ammonium citrate in the solid state and then modified with spermidine by a simple heating treatment without a coupling agent. Spermidine, a naturally occurring polyamine, binds with DNA, lipids, and proteins involved in many important processes within organisms such as DNA stability, and cell growth, proliferation, and death. The antimicrobial activity of the as-synthesized Spd-CQDs (size ≈4.6 nm) has been tested against non-multidrug-resistant E. coli, S. aureus, B. subtilis, and P. aeruginosa bacteria and also multidrug-resistant bacteria, methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA). The minimal inhibitory concentration value of Spd-CQDs is much lower (>25 000-fold) than that of spermidine, indicating their promising antibacterial characteristics. The mechanism of antibacterial activity is investigated, and the results indicate that Spd-CQDs cause significant damage to the bacterial membrane. In vitro cytotoxicity and hemolysis analyses reveal the high biocompatibility of Spd-CQDs. To demonstrate its practical application, in vitro MRSA-infected wound healing studies in rats have been conducted, which show faster healing, better epithelialization, and formation of collagen fibers when Spd-CQDs are used as a dressing material.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Jia Li
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology; National Taiwan Ocean University; Keelung 20224 Taiwan
| | - Scott G. Harroun
- Department of Chemistry; Université de Montréal; Montréal Québec H3C 3J7 Canada
| | - Yu-Chia Su
- National Laboratory Animal Center; Taipei 11599 Taiwan
| | | | - Binesh Unnikrishnan
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology; National Taiwan Ocean University; Keelung 20224 Taiwan
| | - Han-Jia Lin
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology; National Taiwan Ocean University; Keelung 20224 Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hua Lin
- Department of Biotechnology; National Formosa University; Yunlin 63208 Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ching Huang
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology; National Taiwan Ocean University; Keelung 20224 Taiwan
- Center of Excellence for the Oceans; National Taiwan Ocean University; Keelung 20224 Taiwan
- School of Pharmacy; College of Pharmacy; Kaohsiung Medical University; Kaohsiung 80708 Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
82
|
Dong S, Hu H, Wang Y, Xu Z, Zha Y, Cai X, Peng L, Feng S. A pqr2 mutant encodes a defective polyamine transporter and is negatively affected by ABA for paraquat resistance in Arabidopsis thaliana. JOURNAL OF PLANT RESEARCH 2016; 129:899-907. [PMID: 27229891 DOI: 10.1007/s10265-016-0819-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2015] [Accepted: 01/08/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Despite the paraquat-resistant mutants that have been reported in plants, this study identified a novel A. thaliana mutant (pqr2) from an XVE inducible activation library based on its resistance to 2 μM paraquat. The pqr2 mutant exhibited a termination mutation in the exon of AT1G31830/PAR1/PQR2, encoded a polyamine uptake transporter AtPUT2/PAR1/PQR2. The PQR2 mutation could largely reduce superoxide accumulation and cell death in the pqr2 plants under paraquat treatment. Moreover, compared with wild type, the pqr2 mutant exhibited much reduced tolerance to putrescine, a classic polyamine compound, which confirmed that PQR2 encoded a defective polyamine transporter. Notably, co-treated with ABA and paraquat, both pqr2 mutant and wild type exhibited a lethal phenotype from seed germination, but the wild type like pqr2 mutant, could remain paraquat-resistance while co-treated with high dosage of Na2WO4, an ABA synthesis inhibitor. Gene expression analysis suggested that ABA signaling should widely regulate paraquat-responsive genes distinctively in wild type and pqr2 mutant. Hence, this study has for the first time reported about ABA negative effect on paraquat-resistance in A. thaliana, providing insight into the ABA signaling involved in the oxidative stress responses induced by paraquat in plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuchao Dong
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research Centre, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Huizhen Hu
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research Centre, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Youmei Wang
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research Centre, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Zhengdan Xu
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research Centre, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yi Zha
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research Centre, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Xiwen Cai
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research Centre, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Department of Plant Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, 58102, USA
| | - Liangcai Peng
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research Centre, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Shengqiu Feng
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research Centre, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| |
Collapse
|
83
|
Mishra RC, Ghosh R, Bae H. Plant acoustics: in the search of a sound mechanism for sound signaling in plants. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2016; 67:4483-94. [PMID: 27342223 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erw235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Being sessile, plants continuously deal with their dynamic and complex surroundings, identifying important cues and reacting with appropriate responses. Consequently, the sensitivity of plants has evolved to perceive a myriad of external stimuli, which ultimately ensures their successful survival. Research over past centuries has established that plants respond to environmental factors such as light, temperature, moisture, and mechanical perturbations (e.g. wind, rain, touch, etc.) by suitably modulating their growth and development. However, sound vibrations (SVs) as a stimulus have only started receiving attention relatively recently. SVs have been shown to increase the yields of several crops and strengthen plant immunity against pathogens. These vibrations can also prime the plants so as to make them more tolerant to impending drought. Plants can recognize the chewing sounds of insect larvae and the buzz of a pollinating bee, and respond accordingly. It is thus plausible that SVs may serve as a long-range stimulus that evokes ecologically relevant signaling mechanisms in plants. Studies have suggested that SVs increase the transcription of certain genes, soluble protein content, and support enhanced growth and development in plants. At the cellular level, SVs can change the secondary structure of plasma membrane proteins, affect microfilament rearrangements, produce Ca(2+) signatures, cause increases in protein kinases, protective enzymes, peroxidases, antioxidant enzymes, amylase, H(+)-ATPase / K(+) channel activities, and enhance levels of polyamines, soluble sugars and auxin. In this paper, we propose a signaling model to account for the molecular episodes that SVs induce within the cell, and in so doing we uncover a number of interesting questions that need to be addressed by future research in plant acoustics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ratnesh Chandra Mishra
- Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbook 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Ritesh Ghosh
- Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbook 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Hanhong Bae
- Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbook 38541, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
84
|
Zhang M, Smith JAC, Harberd NP, Jiang C. The regulatory roles of ethylene and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in plant salt stress responses. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2016; 91:651-9. [PMID: 27233644 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-016-0488-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2015] [Accepted: 05/02/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Soil salinity is one of the most commonly encountered environmental stresses affecting plant growth and crop productivity. Accordingly, plants have evolved a variety of morphological, physiological and biochemical strategies that enable them to adapt to saline growth conditions. For example, it has long been known that salinity-stress increases both the production of the gaseous stress hormone ethylene and the in planta accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Recently, there has been significant progress in understanding how the fine-tuning of ethylene biosynthesis and signaling transduction can promote salinity tolerance, and how salinity-induced ROS accumulation also acts as a signal in the mediation of salinity tolerance. Furthermore, recent advances have indicated that ethylene signaling modulates salinity responses largely via regulation of ROS-generating and ROS-scavenging mechanisms. This review focuses on these recent advances in understanding the linked roles of ethylene and ROS in salt tolerance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100094, China
| | - J Andrew C Smith
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3RB, UK.
| | - Nicholas P Harberd
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3RB, UK.
| | - Caifu Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100094, China.
| |
Collapse
|
85
|
Li Z, Zhang Y, Xu Y, Zhang X, Peng Y, Ma X, Huang L, Yan Y. Physiological and iTRAQ-Based Proteomic Analyses Reveal the Function of Spermidine on Improving Drought Tolerance in White Clover. J Proteome Res 2016; 15:1563-79. [PMID: 27030016 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.6b00027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Endogenous spermidine interacting with phytohormones may be involved in the regulation of differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) associated with drought tolerance in white clover. Plants treated with or without spermidine (50 μM) were subjected to 20% PEG 6000 nutrient solution to induce drought stress (50% leaf-relative water content). The results showed that increased endogenous spermidine induced by exogenous spermidine altered endogenous phytohormones in association with improved drought tolerance, as demonstrated by the delay in water-deficit development, improved photosynthesis and water use efficiency, and lower oxidative damage. As compared to untreated plants, Spd-treated plants maintained a higher abundance of DEPs under drought stress involved in (1) protein biosynthesis (ribosomal and chaperone proteins); (2) amino acids synthesis; (3) the carbon and energy metabolism; (4) antioxidant and stress defense (ascorbate peroxidase, glutathione peroxidase, and dehydrins); and (5) GA and ABA signaling pathways (gibberellin receptor GID1, ABA-responsive protein 17, and ABA stress ripening protein). Thus, the findings of proteome could explain the Spd-induced physiological effects associated with drought tolerance. The analysis of functional protein-protein networks further proved that the alteration of endogenous spermidine and phytohormones induced the interaction among ribosome, photosynthesis, carbon metabolism, and amino acid biosynthesis. These differences could contribute to improved drought tolerance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Li
- Department of Grassland Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University , Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Grassland Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University , Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yi Xu
- Department of Plant Biology and Pathology, Rutgers University , 59 Dudley Road, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901, United States
| | - Xinquan Zhang
- Department of Grassland Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University , Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yan Peng
- Department of Grassland Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University , Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Xiao Ma
- Department of Grassland Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University , Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Linkai Huang
- Department of Grassland Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University , Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yanhong Yan
- Department of Grassland Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University , Chengdu 611130, China
| |
Collapse
|
86
|
Shabala S, White RG, Djordjevic MA, Ruan YL, Mathesius U. Root-to-shoot signalling: integration of diverse molecules, pathways and functions. FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2016; 43:87-104. [PMID: 32480444 DOI: 10.1071/fp15252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2015] [Accepted: 10/06/2015] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Plant adaptive potential is critically dependent upon efficient communication and co-ordination of resource allocation and signalling between above- and below-ground plant parts. Plant roots act as gatekeepers that sense and encode information about soil physical, chemical and biological factors, converting them into a sophisticated network of signals propagated both within the root itself, and also between the root and shoot, to optimise plant performance for a specific set of conditions. In return, plant roots receive and decode reciprocal information coming from the shoot. The communication modes are highly diverse and include a broad range of physical (electric and hydraulic signals, propagating Ca2+ and ROS waves), chemical (assimilates, hormones, peptides and nutrients), and molecular (proteins and RNA) signals. Further, different signalling systems operate at very different timescales. It remains unclear whether some of these signalling systems operate in a priming mode(s), whereas others deliver more specific information about the nature of the signal, or whether they carry the same 'weight'. This review summarises the current knowledge of the above signalling mechanisms, and reveals their hierarchy, and highlights the importance of integration of these signalling components, to enable optimal plant functioning in a dynamic environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sergey Shabala
- School of Land and Food, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 54, Hobart, Tas. 7001, Australia
| | | | - Michael A Djordjevic
- Plant Science Division, Research School of Biology, Building 134, Linnaeus Way, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Yong-Ling Ruan
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Ulrike Mathesius
- Plant Science Division, Research School of Biology, Building 134, Linnaeus Way, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
87
|
Yin L, Wang S, Tanaka K, Fujihara S, Itai A, Den X, Zhang S. Silicon-mediated changes in polyamines participate in silicon-induced salt tolerance in Sorghum bicolor L. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2016; 39:245-58. [PMID: 25753986 DOI: 10.1111/pce.12521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2013] [Revised: 01/31/2015] [Accepted: 02/05/2015] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Silicon (Si) is generally considered a beneficial element for the growth of higher plants, especially under stress conditions, but the mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we tested the hypothesis that Si improves salt tolerance through mediating important metabolism processes rather than acting as a mere mechanical barrier. Seedlings of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) growing in hydroponic culture were treated with NaCl (100 mm) combined with or without Si (0.83 mm). The result showed that supplemental Si enhanced sorghum salt tolerance by decreasing Na(+) accumulation. Simultaneously, polyamine (PA) levels were increased and ethylene precursor (1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid: ACC) concentrations were decreased. Several key PA synthesis genes were up-regulated by Si under salt stress. To further confirm the role of PA in Si-mediated salt tolerance, seedlings were exposed to spermidine (Spd) or a PA synthesis inhibitor (dicyclohexylammonium sulphate, DCHA) combined with salt and Si. Exogenous Spd showed similar effects as Si under salt stress whereas exogenous DCHA eliminated Si-enhanced salt tolerance and the beneficial effect of Si in decreasing Na(+) accumulation. These results indicate that PAs and ACC are involved in Si-induced salt tolerance in sorghum and provide evidence that Si plays an active role in mediating salt tolerance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lina Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Koyama Minami 4-101, Tottori, 680-8533, Japan
| | - Shiwen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Kiyoshi Tanaka
- Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Koyama Minami 4-101, Tottori, 680-8533, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Fujihara
- NARO Agricultural Research Center, Kannondai 3-1-1, Tsukuba, 305-8666, Japan
| | - Akihiro Itai
- Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Koyama Minami 4-101, Tottori, 680-8533, Japan
| | - Xiping Den
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Suiqi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| |
Collapse
|
88
|
Shabala S, Bose J, Fuglsang AT, Pottosin I. On a quest for stress tolerance genes: membrane transporters in sensing and adapting to hostile soils. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2016; 67:1015-31. [PMID: 26507891 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erv465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Abiotic stresses such as salinity, drought, and flooding severely limit food and fibre production and result in penalties of in excess of US$100 billion per annum to the agricultural sector. Improved abiotic stress tolerance to these environmental constraints via traditional or molecular breeding practices requires a good understanding of the physiological and molecular mechanisms behind roots sensing of hostile soils, as well as downstream signalling cascades to effectors mediating plant adaptive responses to the environment. In this review, we discuss some common mechanisms conferring plant tolerance to these three major abiotic stresses. Central to our discussion are: (i) the essentiality of membrane potential maintenance and ATP production/availability and its use for metabolic versus adaptive responses; (ii) reactive oxygen species and Ca(2+) 'signatures' mediating stress signalling; and (iii) cytosolic K(+) as the common denominator of plant adaptive responses. We discuss in detail how key plasma membrane and tonoplast transporters are regulated by various signalling molecules and processes observed in plants under stress conditions (e.g. changes in membrane potential; cytosolic pH and Ca(2+); reactive oxygen species; polyamines; abscisic acid) and how these stress-induced changes are related to expression and activity of specific ion transporters. The reported results are then discussed in the context of strategies for breeding crops with improved abiotic stress tolerance. We also discuss a classical trade-off between tolerance and yield, and possible avenues for resolving this dilemma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sergey Shabala
- School of Land and Food, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 54, Hobart, Tas 7001, Australia
| | - Jayakumar Bose
- School of Land and Food, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 54, Hobart, Tas 7001, Australia ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, PMB 1, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia
| | - Anja Thoe Fuglsang
- Department of Plant and Environmental Science, University of Copenhagen, DK-1871 Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Igor Pottosin
- School of Land and Food, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 54, Hobart, Tas 7001, Australia Centro Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad de Colima, 28045 Colima, México
| |
Collapse
|
89
|
Ma Y, Zhu M, Shabala L, Zhou M, Shabala S. Conditioning of Roots with Hypoxia Increases Aluminum and Acid Stress Tolerance by Mitigating Activation of K+ Efflux Channels by ROS in Barley: Insights into Cross-Tolerance Mechanisms. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2016; 57:160-73. [PMID: 26581863 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcv175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2015] [Accepted: 11/05/2015] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Aluminum (Al) is prevalent in soils, but Al toxicity is manifested only under acid conditions. It causes severe damages to the root system. Short-term waterlogging stress can occur simultaneously with Al toxicity in areas with high rainfall or an inappropriate irrigation pattern. Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is one of the most Al-sensitive small-grained cereals. In this work, we have investigated effects of short-term treatments with hypoxia and phenolic acid (two major constraints in waterlogged soils) on root sensitivity to low-pH and Al stresses. We showed that hypoxia-primed roots maintained higher cell viability when exposed to low-pH/Al stress, in both elongation and mature root zones, and possessed superior ability to retain K(+) in response to low-pH/Al stresses. These priming effects were not related to higher H(+)-ATPase activity and better membrane potential maintenance, and could not be explained by the increased expression levels of HvHAK1, which mediates high-affinity K(+) uptake in roots. Instead, hypoxia-conditioned roots were significantly less sensitive to H2O2 treatment, indicated by the 10-fold reduction in the magnitude of K(+) efflux changes. This suggested that roots pre-treated with hypoxia desensitized reactive oxygen species (ROS)-inducible K(+) efflux channels in root epidermis, most probably via enhanced antioxidative capacity. A possible role for Ca(2+) in stress-induced ROS signaling pathways is also discussed. Overall, our results report, for the first time, the phenomenon of cross-protection between hypoxia and low-pH/Al stresses, and causally link it to the cell's ability to maintain cytosolic K(+) homeostasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanling Ma
- School of Land and Food, University of Tasmania, Hobart TAS 7001, Australia
| | - Min Zhu
- School of Land and Food, University of Tasmania, Hobart TAS 7001, Australia
| | - Lana Shabala
- School of Land and Food, University of Tasmania, Hobart TAS 7001, Australia
| | - Meixue Zhou
- School of Land and Food, University of Tasmania, Hobart TAS 7001, Australia
| | - Sergey Shabala
- School of Land and Food, University of Tasmania, Hobart TAS 7001, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
90
|
Sekula B, Ruszkowski M, Malinska M, Dauter Z. Structural Investigations of N-carbamoylputrescine Amidohydrolase from Medicago truncatula: Insights into the Ultimate Step of Putrescine Biosynthesis in Plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:350. [PMID: 27066023 PMCID: PMC4812014 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.00350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Putrescine, 1,4-diaminobutane, is an intermediate in the biosynthesis of more complexed polyamines, spermidine and spermine. Unlike other eukaryotes, plants have evolved a multistep pathway for putrescine biosynthesis that utilizes arginine. In the final reaction, N-carbamoylputrescine is hydrolyzed to putrescine by N-carbamoylputrescine amidohydrolase (CPA, EC 3.5.1.53). During the hydrolysis, consecutive nucleophilic attacks on the substrate by Cys158 and water lead to formation of putrescine and two by-products, ammonia and carbon dioxide. CPA from the model legume plant, Medicago truncatula (MtCPA), was investigated in this work. Four crystal structures were determined: the wild-type MtCPA in complex with the reaction intermediate, N-(dihydroxymethyl)putrescine as well as with cadaverine, which is a longer analog of putrescine; and also structures of MtCPA-C158S mutant unliganded and with putrescine. MtCPA assembles into octamers, which resemble an incomplete left-handed helical twist. The active site of MtCPA is funnel-like shaped, and its entrance is walled with a contribution of the neighboring protein subunits. Deep inside the catalytic cavity, Glu48, Lys121, and Cys158 form the catalytic triad. In this studies, we have highlighted the key residues, highly conserved among the plant kingdom, responsible for the activity and selectivity of MtCPA toward N-carbamoylputrescine. Moreover, since, according to previous reports, a close MtCPA relative from Arabidopsis thaliana, along with several other nitrilase-like proteins, are subjected to allosteric regulation by substrates, we have used the structural information to indicate a putative secondary binding site. Based on the docking experiment, we postulate that this site is adjacent to the entrance to the catalytic pocket.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bartosz Sekula
- Institute of Technical Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Lodz University of TechnologyLodz, Poland
| | - Milosz Ruszkowski
- Synchrotron Radiation Research Section, Macromolecular Crystallography Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, ArgonneIL, USA
- *Correspondence: Milosz Ruszkowski,
| | - Maura Malinska
- Synchrotron Radiation Research Section, Macromolecular Crystallography Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, ArgonneIL, USA
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of WarsawWarsaw, Poland
| | - Zbigniew Dauter
- Synchrotron Radiation Research Section, Macromolecular Crystallography Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, ArgonneIL, USA
| |
Collapse
|
91
|
Gharsallah C, Fakhfakh H, Grubb D, Gorsane F. Effect of salt stress on ion concentration, proline content, antioxidant enzyme activities and gene expression in tomato cultivars. AOB PLANTS 2016; 8:plw055. [PMID: 27543452 PMCID: PMC5091694 DOI: 10.1093/aobpla/plw055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2016] [Accepted: 07/29/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Salinity is a constraint limiting plant growth and productivity of crops throughout the world. Understanding the mechanism underlying plant response to salinity provides new insights into the improvement of salt tolerance-crops of importance. In the present study, we report on the responses of twenty cultivars of tomato. We have clustered genotypes into scale classes according to their response to increased NaCl levels. Three local tomato genotypes, representative of different saline scale classes, were selected for further investigation. During early (0 h, 6 h and 12 h) and later (7 days) stages of the response to salt treatment, ion concentrations (Na+, K+ and Ca2+), proline content, enzyme activities (catalase, ascorbate peroxidase and guiacol peroxidase) were recorded. qPCR analysis of candidate genes WRKY (8, 31and 39), ERF (9, 16 and 80), LeNHX (1, 3 and 4) and HKT (class I) were performed. A high K+, Ca2 +and proline accumulation as well as a decrease of Na+ concentration-mediated salt tolerance. Concomitant with a pattern of high-antioxidant enzyme activities, tolerant genotypes also displayed differential patterns of gene expression during the response to salt stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Charfeddine Gharsallah
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Immunology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis ElManar, Tunis 2092, Tunisia
| | - Hatem Fakhfakh
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Immunology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis ElManar, Tunis 2092, Tunisia Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, University of Carthage, Zarzouna 7021, Tunisia
| | - Douglas Grubb
- Department of Molecular Signal Processing, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Weinberg 3, Halle, 06120 Saale, Germany
| | - Faten Gorsane
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Immunology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis ElManar, Tunis 2092, Tunisia Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, University of Carthage, Zarzouna 7021, Tunisia
| |
Collapse
|
92
|
Tavladoraki P, Cona A, Angelini R. Copper-Containing Amine Oxidases and FAD-Dependent Polyamine Oxidases Are Key Players in Plant Tissue Differentiation and Organ Development. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:824. [PMID: 27446096 PMCID: PMC4923165 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.00824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 05/26/2016] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Plant polyamines are catabolized by two classes of amine oxidases, the copper amine oxidases (CuAOs) and the flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD)-dependent polyamine oxidases (PAOs). These enzymes differ to each other in substrate specificity, catalytic mechanism and subcellular localization. CuAOs and PAOs contribute to several physiological processes both through the control of polyamine homeostasis and as sources of biologically-active reaction products. CuAOs and PAOs have been found at high level in the cell-wall of several species belonging to Fabaceae and Poaceae families, respectively, especially in tissues fated to undertake extensive wall loosening/stiffening events and/or in cells undergoing programmed cell death (PCD). Apoplastic CuAOs and PAOs have been shown to play a key role as a source of H2O2 in light- or developmentally-regulated differentiation events, thus influencing cell-wall architecture and maturation as well as PCD. Moreover, growing evidence suggests a key role of intracellular CuAOs and PAOs in several facets of plant development. Here, we discuss recent advances in understanding the contribution of different CuAOs/PAOs, as well as their cross-talk with different intracellular and apoplastic metabolic pathways, in tissue differentiation and organ development.
Collapse
|
93
|
Yuan Y, Zhong M, Shu S, Du N, Sun J, Guo S. Proteomic and Physiological Analyses Reveal Putrescine Responses in Roots of Cucumber Stressed by NaCl. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:1035. [PMID: 27471514 PMCID: PMC4945654 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.01035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2016] [Accepted: 07/01/2016] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Soil salinity is a major environmental constraint that threatens agricultural productivity. Different strategies have been developed to improve crop salt tolerance, among which the effects of polyamines have been well-reported. To gain a better understanding of the cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) responses to NaCl and unravel the underlying mechanism of exogenous putrescine (Put) alleviating salt-induced damage, comparative proteomic analysis was conducted on cucumber roots treated with NaCl, and/or Put for 7 days. The results showed that exogenous Put restored the root growth inhibited by NaCl. Sixty-two differentially expressed proteins implicated in various biological processes were successfully identified by MALDI-TOF/TOF MS. The four largest categories included proteins involved in defense response (24.2%), protein metabolism (24.2%), carbohydrate metabolism (19.4%), and amino acid metabolism (14.5%). Exogenous Put up-regulated most identified proteins involved in carbohydrate metabolism, implying an enhancement in energy generation. Proteins involved in defense response and protein metabolism were differently regulated by Put, which indicated the roles of Put in stress resistance and proteome rearrangement. Put also increased the abundance of proteins involved in amino acid metabolism. Meanwhile, physiological analysis showed that Put could further up-regulated the levels of free amino acids in salt stressed-roots. In addition, Put also improved endogenous polyamines contents by regulating the transcription levels of key enzymes in polyamine metabolism. Taken together, these results suggest that Put may alleviate NaCl-induced growth inhibition through degradation of misfolded/damaged proteins, activation of stress defense, and the promotion of carbohydrate metabolism to generate more energy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yinghui Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Southern Vegetable Crop Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Min Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Southern Vegetable Crop Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Sheng Shu
- Key Laboratory of Southern Vegetable Crop Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Nanshan Du
- Key Laboratory of Southern Vegetable Crop Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Jin Sun
- Key Laboratory of Southern Vegetable Crop Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing, China
- Suqian Academy of Protected Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural UniversitySuqian, China
| | - Shirong Guo
- Key Laboratory of Southern Vegetable Crop Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing, China
- Suqian Academy of Protected Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural UniversitySuqian, China
- *Correspondence: Shirong Guo
| |
Collapse
|
94
|
Aloisi I, Cai G, Serafini-Fracassini D, Del Duca S. Polyamines in Pollen: From Microsporogenesis to Fertilization. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:155. [PMID: 26925074 PMCID: PMC4757701 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.00155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2015] [Accepted: 01/29/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The entire pollen life span is driven by polyamine (PA) homeostasis, achieved through fine regulation of their biosynthesis, oxidation, conjugation, compartmentalization, uptake, and release. The critical role of PAs, from microsporogenesis to pollen-pistil interaction during fertilization, is suggested by high and dynamic transcript levels of PA biosynthetic genes, as well as by the activities of the corresponding enzymes. Moreover, exogenous supply of PAs strongly affects pollen maturation and pollen tube elongation. A reduction of endogenous free PAs impacts pollen viability both in the early stages of pollen development and during fertilization. A number of studies have demonstrated that PAs largely function by modulating transcription, by structuring pollen cell wall, by modulating protein (mainly cytoskeletal) assembly as well as by modulating the level of reactive oxygen species. Both free low-molecular weight aliphatic PAs, and PAs conjugated to proteins and hydroxyl-cinnamic acids take part in these complex processes. Here, we review both historical and recent evidence regarding molecular events underlying the role of PAs during pollen development. In the concluding remarks, the outstanding issues and directions for future research that will further clarify our understanding of PA involvement during pollen life are outlined.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Iris Aloisi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biologiche, Geologiche e Ambientali, Università degli Studi di BolognaBologna, Italia
| | - Giampiero Cai
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita, Università di SienaSiena, Italia
| | | | - Stefano Del Duca
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biologiche, Geologiche e Ambientali, Università degli Studi di BolognaBologna, Italia
- *Correspondence: Stefano Del Duca,
| |
Collapse
|
95
|
Li Z, Zhang Y, Peng D, Wang X, Peng Y, He X, Zhang X, Ma X, Huang L, Yan Y. Polyamine regulates tolerance to water stress in leaves of white clover associated with antioxidant defense and dehydrin genes via involvement in calcium messenger system and hydrogen peroxide signaling. Front Physiol 2015; 6:280. [PMID: 26528187 PMCID: PMC4600907 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2015.00280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2015] [Accepted: 09/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Endogenous polyamine (PA) may play a critical role in tolerance to water stress in plants acting as a signaling molecule activator. Water stress caused increases in endogenous PA content in leaves, including putrescine (Put), spermidine (Spd), and spermine (Spm). Exogenous application of Spd could induce the instantaneous H2O2 burst and accumulation of cytosolic free Ca2+, and activate NADPH oxidase and CDPK gene expression in cells. To a great extent, PA biosynthetic inhibitor reduced the water stress-induced H2O2 accumulation, free cytosolic Ca2+ release, antioxidant enzyme activities and genes expression leading to aggravate water stress-induced oxidative damage, while these suppressing effects were alleviated by the addition of exogenous Spd, indicating PA was involved in water stress-induced H2O2 and cytosolic free Ca2+ production as well as stress tolerance. Dehydrin genes (Y2SK, Y2K, and SK2) were showed to be highly responsive to exogenous Spd. PA-induced antioxidant defense and dehydrin genes expression could be blocked by the scavenger of H2O2 and the inhibitors of H2O2 generation or Ca2+ channels blockers, a calmodulin antagonist, as well as the inhibitor of CDPK. These findings suggested that PA regulated tolerance to water stress in white clover associated with antioxidant defenses and dehydrins via involvement in the calcium messenger system and H2O2 signaling pathways. PA-induced H2O2 production required Ca2+ release, while PA-induced Ca2+ release was also essential for H2O2 production, suggesting an interaction between PA-induced H2O2 and Ca2+ signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Li
- Department of Grassland Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Grassland Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University Chengdu, China
| | - Dandan Peng
- Department of Grassland Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaojuan Wang
- Department of Grassland Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Peng
- Department of Grassland Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoshuang He
- Department of Grassland Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University Chengdu, China
| | - Xinquan Zhang
- Department of Grassland Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University Chengdu, China
| | - Xiao Ma
- Department of Grassland Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University Chengdu, China
| | - Linkai Huang
- Department of Grassland Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University Chengdu, China
| | - Yanhong Yan
- Department of Grassland Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
96
|
Aloisi I, Cai G, Tumiatti V, Minarini A, Del Duca S. Natural polyamines and synthetic analogs modify the growth and the morphology of Pyrus communis pollen tubes affecting ROS levels and causing cell death. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2015; 239:92-105. [PMID: 26398794 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2015.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2015] [Revised: 06/05/2015] [Accepted: 07/10/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Polyamines (PAs) are small molecules necessary for pollen maturation and tube growth. Their role is often controversial, since they may act as pro-survival factors as well as factors promoting Programmed Cell Death (PCD). The aim of the present work was to evaluate the effect of exogenous PAs on the apical growth of pear (Pyrus communis) pollen tube and to understand if PAs and reactive oxygen species (ROS) are interconnected in the process of tip-growth. In the present study besides natural PAs, also aryl-substituted spermine and methoctramine (Met 6-8-6) analogs were tested. Among the natural PAs, Spm showed strongest effects on tube growth. Spm entered through the pollen tube tip, then diffused in the sub-apical region that underwent drastic morphological changes, showing enlarged tip. Analogs were mostly less efficient than natural PAs but BD23, an asymmetric synthetic PAs bearing a pyridine ring, showed similar effects. These effects were related to the ability of PAs to cause the decrease of ROS level in the apical zone, leading to cell death, counteracted by the caspase-3 inhibitor Ac-DEVD-CHO (DEVD). In conclusions, ROS are essential for pollen germination and a strict correlation between ROS regulation and PA concentration is reported. Moreover, an imbalance between ROS and PAs can be detrimental thereby driving pollen toward cell death.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Iris Aloisi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biologiche, Geologiche e Ambientali, Alma Mater Studiorum-Università di Bologna, Via Irnerio 42, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giampiero Cai
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita, Università di Siena, Via Mattioli 4, Siena, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Tumiatti
- Dipartimento di Scienze per la Qualità della Vita, Alma Mater Studiorum-Università di Bologna, Corso d'Augusto 25, Rimini, Italy
| | - Anna Minarini
- Dipartimento di Farmacia e Biotecnologie, Alma Mater Studiorum-Università di Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, Bologna, Italy
| | - Stefano Del Duca
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biologiche, Geologiche e Ambientali, Alma Mater Studiorum-Università di Bologna, Via Irnerio 42, Bologna, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
97
|
Polle A, Chen S. On the salty side of life: molecular, physiological and anatomical adaptation and acclimation of trees to extreme habitats. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2015; 38:1794-816. [PMID: 25159181 DOI: 10.1111/pce.12440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2014] [Revised: 08/11/2014] [Accepted: 08/17/2014] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Saline and sodic soils that cannot be used for agriculture occur worldwide. Cultivating stress-tolerant trees to obtain biomass from salinized areas has been suggested. Various tree species of economic importance for fruit, fibre and timber production exhibit high salinity tolerance. Little is known about the mechanisms enabling tree crops to cope with high salinity for extended periods. Here, the molecular, physiological and anatomical adjustments underlying salt tolerance in glycophytic and halophytic model tree species, such as Populus euphratica in terrestrial habitats, and mangrove species along coastlines are reviewed. Key mechanisms that have been identified as mediating salt tolerance are discussed at scales from the genetic to the morphological level, including leaf succulence and structural adjustments of wood anatomy. The genetic and transcriptomic bases for physiological salt acclimation are salt sensing and signalling networks that activate target genes; the target genes keep reactive oxygen species under control, maintain the ion balance and restore water status. Evolutionary adaptation includes gene duplication in these pathways. Strategies for and limitations to tree improvement, particularly transgenic approaches for increasing salt tolerance by transforming trees with single and multiple candidate genes, are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Polle
- Forstbotanik und Baumphysiologie, Büsgen-Institut, Georg-August Universität Göttingen, Göttingen, 37077, Germany
| | - Shaoliang Chen
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| |
Collapse
|
98
|
Zhang HM, van Helden DF, McCurdy DW, Offler CE, Patrick JW. Plasma Membrane Ca2+-Permeable Channels are Differentially Regulated by Ethylene and Hydrogen Peroxide to Generate Persistent Plumes of Elevated Cytosolic Ca2+ During Transfer Cell Trans-Differentiation. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2015; 56:1711-20. [PMID: 26139237 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcv100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2015] [Accepted: 06/25/2015] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The enhanced transport capability of transfer cells (TCs) arises from their ingrowth wall architecture comprised of a uniform wall on which wall ingrowths are deposited. The wall ingrowth papillae provide scaffolds to amplify plasma membranes that are enriched in nutrient transporters. Using Vicia faba cotyledons, whose adaxial epidermal cells spontaneously and rapidly (hours) undergo a synchronous TC trans-differentiation upon transfer to culture, has led to the discovery of a cascade of inductive signals orchestrating deposition of ingrowth wall papillae. Auxin-induced ethylene biosynthesis initiates the cascade. This in turn drives a burst in extracellular H2O2 production that triggers uniform wall deposition. Thereafter, a persistent and elevated cytosolic Ca(2+) concentration, resulting from Ca(2+) influx through plasma membrane Ca(2+)-permeable channels, generates a Ca(2+) signal that directs formation of wall ingrowth papillae to specific loci. We now report how these Ca(2+)-permeable channels are regulated using the proportionate responses in cytosolic Ca(2+) concentration as a proxy measure of their transport activity. Culturing cotyledons on various combinations of pharmacological agents allowed the regulatory influence of each upstream signal on Ca(2+) channel activity to be evaluated. The findings demonstrated that Ca(2+)-permeable channel activity was insensitive to auxin, but up-regulated by ethylene through two independent routes. In one route ethylene acts directly on Ca(2+)-permeable channel activity at the transcriptional and post-translational levels, through an ethylene receptor-dependent pathway. The other route is mediated by an ethylene-induced production of extracellular H2O2 which then acts translationally and post-translationally to up-regulate Ca(2+)-permeable channel activity. A model describing the differential regulation of Ca(2+)-permeable channel activity is presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui-ming Zhang
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308 Australia
| | - Dirk F van Helden
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308 Australia
| | - David W McCurdy
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308 Australia
| | - Christina E Offler
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308 Australia
| | - John W Patrick
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308 Australia
| |
Collapse
|
99
|
He L, Li B, Lu X, Yuan L, Yang Y, Yuan Y, Du J, Guo S. The effect of exogenous calcium on mitochondria, respiratory metabolism enzymes and ion transport in cucumber roots under hypoxia. Sci Rep 2015; 5:11391. [PMID: 26304855 PMCID: PMC4548228 DOI: 10.1038/srep11391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2014] [Accepted: 04/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia induces plant stress, particularly in cucumber plants under hydroponic culture. In plants, calcium is involved in stress signal transmission and growth. The ultimate goal of this study was to shed light on the mechanisms underlying the effects of exogenous calcium on the mitochondrial antioxidant system, the activity of respiratory metabolism enzymes, and ion transport in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L. cv. Jinchun No. 2) roots under hypoxic conditions. Our experiments revealed that exogenous calcium reduces the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and increases the activity of antioxidant enzymes in mitochondria under hypoxia. Exogenous calcium also enhances the accumulation of enzymes involved in glycolysis and the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. We utilized fluorescence and ultrastructural cytochemistry methods to observe that exogenous calcium increases the concentrations of Ca(2+) and K(+) in root cells by increasing the activity of plasma membrane (PM) H(+)-ATPase and tonoplast H(+)-ATPase and H(+)-PPase. Overall, our results suggest that hypoxic stress has an immediate and substantial effect on roots. Exogenous calcium improves metabolism and ion transport in cucumber roots, thereby increasing hypoxia tolerance in cucumber.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lizhong He
- Key Laboratory of Southern Vegetable Crop Genetic Improvement in Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Horticulture Research Institute, Shanghai Academy Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture Technology, Shanghai, 201403, China
| | - Bin Li
- Key Laboratory of Southern Vegetable Crop Genetic Improvement in Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xiaomin Lu
- Key Laboratory of Southern Vegetable Crop Genetic Improvement in Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- College of Life Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang, Anhui 233100, China
| | - Lingyun Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Southern Vegetable Crop Genetic Improvement in Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yanjuan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Southern Vegetable Crop Genetic Improvement in Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yinghui Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Southern Vegetable Crop Genetic Improvement in Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jing Du
- Key Laboratory of Southern Vegetable Crop Genetic Improvement in Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Shirong Guo
- Key Laboratory of Southern Vegetable Crop Genetic Improvement in Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| |
Collapse
|
100
|
Puyang X, An M, Han L, Zhang X. Protective effect of spermidine on salt stress induced oxidative damage in two Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.) cultivars. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2015; 117:96-106. [PMID: 25841065 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2015.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2014] [Revised: 03/21/2015] [Accepted: 03/23/2015] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
To improve the salinity tolerance of turfgrass and investigate the effect of spermidine (Spd) on antioxidant metabolism and gene expression under salinity stress condition, exogenous Spd was applied before two kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.) cultivars ('Kenblue' and 'Midnight') were exposed to 200 mM sodium chloride (NaCl) stress for 28 d. Salinity stress decreased the turfgrass quality, increased the content of malonyldialdehyde (MDA), superoxide anion (O₂(·-)) and hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂), and enhanced activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), guaiacol peroxidase (POD) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and isozymes intensity in both cultivars. In addition, the expression level of Cu/ZnSOD was down-regulated in 'Kenblue' but up-regulated in 'Midnight' after salt treatment. Salinity stress also enhanced the expression of APX but inhibited the expression of CAT and POD in both cultivars. Exogenous Spd treatment alleviated the salinity-induced oxidative stress through decreasing MDA, H₂O₂ and O₂(·-) contents in both cultivars. Besides, exogenous Spd further enhanced the activities of SOD, CAT, POD and APX accompanied with the increased intensity of specific isozymes of SOD, CAT and APX in both cultivars and POD in 'Kenblue'. Moreover, Spd further up-regulated expression levels of Cu/ZnSOD and APX, but down-regulated those of CAT and POD in both cultivars. These results indicated that exogenous Spd might improve turfgrass quality and promote the salinity tolerance in the two cultivars of kentucky bluegrass through reducing oxidative damages and increasing enzyme activity both at protein and transcriptional levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuehua Puyang
- Turfgrass Research Institute, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Mengying An
- Turfgrass Research Institute, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Liebao Han
- Turfgrass Research Institute, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China.
| | - Xunzhong Zhang
- Department of Crop and Soil Environmental Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, United States.
| |
Collapse
|