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Age differences in brain structural and metabolic responses to binge ethanol exposure in fisher 344 rats. Neuropsychopharmacology 2021; 46:368-379. [PMID: 32580206 PMCID: PMC7852871 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-020-0744-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
An overarching goal of our research has been to develop a valid animal model of alcoholism with similar imaging phenotypes as those observed in humans with the ultimate objective of assessing the effectiveness of pharmacological agents. In contrast to our findings in humans with alcohol use disorders (AUD), our animal model experiments have not demonstrated enduring brain pathology despite chronic, high ethanol (EtOH) exposure protocols. Relative to healthy controls, older individuals with AUD demonstrate accelerating brain tissue loss with advanced age. Thus, this longitudinally controlled study was conducted in 4-month old (equivalent to ~16-year-old humans) and 17-month old (equivalent to ~45-year-old humans) male and female Fisher 344 rats to test the hypothesis that following equivalent alcohol exposure protocols, older relative to younger animals would exhibit more brain changes as evaluated using in vivo structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and MR spectroscopy (MRS). At baseline, total brain volume as well as the volumes of each of the three constituent tissue types (i.e., cerebral spinal fluid (CSF), gray matter, white matter) were greater in old relative to young rats. Baseline metabolite levels (except for glutathione) were higher in older than younger animals. Effects of binge EtOH exposure on brain volumes and neurometabolites replicated our previous findings in Wistar rats and included ventricular enlargement and reduced MRS-derived creatine levels. Brain changes in response to binge EtOH treatment were more pronounced in young relative to older animals, negating our hypothesis. Higher baseline glutathione levels in female than male rats suggest that female rats are perhaps protected against the more pronounced changes in CSF and gray matter volumes observed in male rats due to superior metabolic homeostasis mechanisms. Additional metabolite changes including low inositol levels in response to high blood alcohol levels support a mechanism of reversible osmolarity disturbances due to temporarily altered brain energy metabolism.
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Moraleda-Barreno E, Cáceres Pachón MDP, Lozano ÓM, Pérez Moreno PJ, Lorca Marín JA, Fernández-Calderón F, Díaz Batanero C, Gómez-Bujedo J. Impairments in Executive Functioning in Patients with Comorbid Substance Use and Personality Disorders: A Systematic Review. J Dual Diagn 2021; 17:64-79. [PMID: 33092494 DOI: 10.1080/15504263.2020.1829769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this systematic review was to examine the evidence for impaired executive functioning in patients diagnosed with a dual pathology of personality disorder (PD) and substance use disorder, and to identify whether differences exist in comparison to those with a single diagnosis. Methods: A systematic search was conducted to identify studies using measures of executive functioning in patients with PD-substance use disorder dual pathology. Sixteen studies were selected. Results: The results indicate that dual pathology patients with Cluster C personality disorder do not differ from controls, and that the presence of dual pathology does not influence the updating domain of executive functioning. The findings were inconclusive with regard to dual pathology patients with Cluster B personality disorders. Whilst the various studies consistently show that these patients show worse performance than the control groups, here are contradictory results with regard to whether Cluster B personality disorders add more alterations in executive functioning to those that already appear in substance use disorder. Conclusions: The results suggest the need for further research that more adequately controls variables such as time in treatment, medication, and sample size, whilst there is also a need to employ longitudinal designs that include more patients from Clusters A and C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrique Moraleda-Barreno
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Psychology, University of Huelva, Huelva, Spain
- Research Center in Natural Resources, Health and the Environment, University of Huelva, Huelva, Spain
| | | | - Óscar M Lozano
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Psychology, University of Huelva, Huelva, Spain
- Research Center in Natural Resources, Health and the Environment, University of Huelva, Huelva, Spain
| | - Pedro J Pérez Moreno
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Psychology, University of Huelva, Huelva, Spain
- Research Center in Natural Resources, Health and the Environment, University of Huelva, Huelva, Spain
| | - José Andrés Lorca Marín
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Psychology, University of Huelva, Huelva, Spain
- Research Center in Natural Resources, Health and the Environment, University of Huelva, Huelva, Spain
| | - Fermín Fernández-Calderón
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Psychology, University of Huelva, Huelva, Spain
- Research Center in Natural Resources, Health and the Environment, University of Huelva, Huelva, Spain
| | - Carmen Díaz Batanero
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Psychology, University of Huelva, Huelva, Spain
- Research Center in Natural Resources, Health and the Environment, University of Huelva, Huelva, Spain
| | - Jesús Gómez-Bujedo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Psychology, University of Huelva, Huelva, Spain
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Suk JW, Hwang S, Cheong C. Functional and Structural Alteration of Default Mode, Executive Control, and Salience Networks in Alcohol Use Disorder. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:742228. [PMID: 34744834 PMCID: PMC8564495 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.742228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Alcohol use disorder (AUD) has been related to aberrant functional connectivity (FC) in the salience network (SN), executive control network (ECN), and default mode network (DMN). However, there is a lack of comprehensive and simultaneous examination of these networks in patients with AUD and of their relation to potential anatomical changes. We aimed to comprehensively examine the alteration in FC in the three networks in AUD patients, and the correlation of the alteration with anatomical/structural changes (volume) in the neural areas implicated in these networks, by applying voxel-based morphometry (VBM) and region of interest-to-region of interest connectivity analysis simultaneously. In all, 22 patients with AUD and 22 healthy adults participated in the study and underwent T1 magnetic resonance imaging. Patients with AUD showed increased FCs within the DMN and SN networks, especially in terms of connectivity of the frontal areas and bilateral hippocampi. They also showed decreased FCs in the ECN. In addition, there was significant volume reduction in these areas (frontal areas and hippocampus). The increased FCs within the frontal areas or bilateral hippocampi showed a negative correlation with gray matter volume of these areas in AUD patients. Our findings add to the empirical evidence that the frontal lobe and hippocampi are critical areas that are vulnerable to functional and structural changes due to AUD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Woo Suk
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Soonjo Hwang
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Chaejoon Cheong
- Bio-Chemical Analysis Team, Korean Basic Science Institute, Cheongju, South Korea
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Maurage P, Bollen Z, Masson N, D'Hondt F. A review of studies exploring fetal alcohol spectrum disorders through eye tracking measures. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2020; 103:109980. [PMID: 32470497 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2020.109980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The widespread cognitive and cerebral consequences of prenatal alcohol exposure have been established during the last decades, through the exploration of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) using neuropsychological and neuroscience tools. This research field has recently benefited from the emergence of innovative measures, among which eye tracking, allowing a precise measure of the eye movements indexing a large range of cognitive functions. We propose a comprehensive review, based on PRISMA guidelines, of the eye tracking studies performed in populations with FASD. Studies were selected from the PsycINFO, PubMed and Scopus databases, and were evaluated through a standardized methodological quality assessment. Studies were classified according to the eye tracking indexes recorded (saccade characteristics, initial fixation, number of fixations, dwell time, gaze pattern) and the process measured (perception, memory, executive functions). Eye tracking data showed that FASD are mostly associated with impaired ocular perceptive/motor abilities (i.e., altered eye movements, centrally for saccade initiation), lower accuracy as well as increased error rates in saccadic eye movements involving working memory abilities, and reduced inhibitory control on saccades. After identifying the main limitations presented by the reviewed studies, we propose guidelines for future research, underlining the need to increase the standardization of diagnosis and evaluation tools, and to improve the methodological quality of eye tracking measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Maurage
- Louvain for Experimental Psychopathology Research Group, Psychological Sciences Research Institute, UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.
| | - Zoé Bollen
- Louvain for Experimental Psychopathology Research Group, Psychological Sciences Research Institute, UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.
| | - Nicolas Masson
- Numerical Cognition Group, Psychological Sciences Research Institute and Neuroscience Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.
| | - Fabien D'Hondt
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172 - Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, Lille, France; CHU Lille, Clinique de Psychiatrie, Unité CURE, Lille, France; Centre National de Ressources et de Résilience Lille-Paris (CN2R), Lille, France.
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55
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Mehla VK, Singhal A, Singh P. A novel approach for automated alcoholism detection using Fourier decomposition method. J Neurosci Methods 2020; 346:108945. [PMID: 32910924 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2020.108945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 09/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The identification of alcoholism is of prime importance because of its adverse effects on the central nervous system. Moreover, people suffering from alcoholism are susceptible to various health problems such as cardiomyopathy, immune system disorder, high blood pressure, cirrhosis, brain anomalies, and heart problems. NEW METHOD This study presents a novel approach, based on Fourier theory, known as Fourier decomposition method (FDM) for automatic identification of alcoholism using electroencephalogram (EEG) signals. The FDM approach is employed to decompose EEG signals into a set of desired orthogonal components, commonly referred as Fourier intrinsic band functions (FIBFs), obtained by dividing the complete bandwidth of EEG signal under analysis into equal frequency bands. Time-domain features such as Hjorth parameters, kurtosis, inter-quartile range, and median frequency are extracted from FIBFs. To reduce the complexity, Kruskal-Wallis (KW) statistical test, is performed to adopt the most significant features. RESULTS Simulation results are obtained using different classification methods, namely, k-nearest neighbor (kNN), support vector machine (SVM), and linear discriminant analysis (LDA). The proposed approach with the SVM classifier using radial basis function provides average accuracy of 99.98%, sensitivity of 99.99% and specificity of 99.97%. Performance is also tested in the presence of noise. COMPARISON WITH EXISTING METHOD(S) Classification results highlight the superior performance of our method in comparison to existing works. CONCLUSIONS The proposed scheme provides an efficient approach and can be employed in real-time alcoholism detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virender Kumar Mehla
- Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Bennett University, Greater Noida, India
| | - Amit Singhal
- Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Bennett University, Greater Noida, India.
| | - Pushpendra Singh
- Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Hamirpur, India
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56
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Thompson A, Richardson P, Pirmohamed M, Owens L. Alcohol-related brain injury: An unrecognized problem in acute medicine. Alcohol 2020; 88:49-53. [PMID: 32502599 DOI: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2020.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Alcohol-related brain injury (ARBI) is an unrecognized and therefore untreated consequence of alcohol use disorder. Here, we explore a 12-month period prevalence of alcohol-related brain injury (ARBI) in alcohol use disorder patients. Inpatients aged ≥18 years reviewed by the Alcohol Care Team's Specialist Nurses between April 1, 2017 and March 31, 2018 were eligible for the study (n = 1276). Screening identified a high-risk subset of patients who matched at least one of the following: 1) more than three alcohol-related admissions in one year; 2) two alcohol-related admissions in any given 30-day period; 3) patient or their significant other had concerns regarding cognition. The high-risk patients were assessed for evidence of ARBI using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment Tool (MoCA). The primary measure of interest was MoCA ≤23. Analysis was conducted between subgroups of the study population to identify prevalence rate ratios for matching the high-risk screening criteria, and MoCA ≤23 in high-risk patients. Two hundred and five patients were identified as high risk for ARBI. The period prevalence rates in this high-risk group for patients with a MoCA ≤23 was 36.1%. Those under the age of 35 years were significantly less likely to match the high-risk criteria. Patients that were homeless or staying in hostels were more likely to match the high-risk criteria and were also at increased risk of MoCA ≤23, compared with those living with family members. In summary, ARBI is common in patients with AUD attending acute hospitals. ARBI is often not diagnosed, and thus further work is required to improve screening for, and identification of, these patients to develop evidence-based clinical pathways that optimize care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Thompson
- Wolfson Centre for Personalised Medicine, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, United Kingdom; Liverpool Centre for Alcohol Research, University of Liverpool, United Kingdom.
| | - Paul Richardson
- Liverpool Centre for Alcohol Research, University of Liverpool, United Kingdom; Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Royal Liverpool University Hospital Trust, Ward 5z Link, United Kingdom
| | - Munir Pirmohamed
- Wolfson Centre for Personalised Medicine, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, United Kingdom; Liverpool Centre for Alcohol Research, University of Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Lynn Owens
- Wolfson Centre for Personalised Medicine, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, United Kingdom; Liverpool Centre for Alcohol Research, University of Liverpool, United Kingdom; Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Royal Liverpool University Hospital Trust, Ward 5z Link, United Kingdom
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Maurage P, Bollen Z, Masson N, D'Hondt F. Eye Tracking Studies Exploring Cognitive and Affective Processes among Alcohol Drinkers: a Systematic Review and Perspectives. Neuropsychol Rev 2020; 31:167-201. [PMID: 33099714 DOI: 10.1007/s11065-020-09458-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Acute alcohol intoxication and alcohol use disorders are characterized by a wide range of psychological and cerebral impairments, which have been widely explored using neuropsychological and neuroscientific techniques. Eye tracking has recently emerged as an innovative tool to renew this exploration, as eye movements offer complementary information on the processes underlying perceptive, attentional, memory or executive abilities. Building on this, the present systematic and critical literature review provides a comprehensive overview of eye tracking studies exploring cognitive and affective processes among alcohol drinkers. Using PRISMA guidelines, 36 papers that measured eye movements among alcohol drinkers were extracted from three databases (PsycINFO, PubMed, Scopus). They were assessed for methodological quality using a standardized procedure, and categorized based on the main cognitive function measured, namely perceptive abilities, attentional bias, executive function, emotion and prevention/intervention. Eye tracking indexes showed that alcohol-related disorders are related to: (1) a stable pattern of basic eye movement impairments, particularly during alcohol intoxication; (2) a robust attentional bias, indexed by increased dwell times for alcohol-related stimuli; (3) a reduced inhibitory control on saccadic movements; (4) an increased pupillary reactivity to visual stimuli, regardless of their emotional content; (5) a limited visual attention to prevention messages. Perspectives for future research are proposed, notably encouraging the exploration of eye movements in severe alcohol use disorders and the establishment of methodological gold standards for eye tracking measures in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Maurage
- Louvain Experimental Psychopathology research group (LEP), Psychological Sciences Research Institute, UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.
| | - Zoé Bollen
- Louvain Experimental Psychopathology research group (LEP), Psychological Sciences Research Institute, UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Nicolas Masson
- Numerical Cognition Group, Psychological Sciences Research Institute and Neuroscience Institute, UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.,Institute of Cognitive Science and Assessment (COSA), Department of Behavioural and Cognitive Sciences (DBCS), Faculty of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences (FHSE), University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Fabien D'Hondt
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172 - LilNCog - Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, Université de Lille, Lille, France.,Centre National de Ressources et de Résilience (CN2R), Lille, France
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58
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Bach P, Koopmann A, Bumb JM, Vollstädt-Klein S, Reinhard I, Rietschel M, Witt SH, Wiedemann K, Kiefer F. Leptin predicts cortical and subcortical gray matter volume recovery in alcohol dependent patients: A longitudinal structural magnetic resonance imaging study. Horm Behav 2020; 124:104749. [PMID: 32387173 DOI: 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2020.104749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The neuroprotective effects of leptin and its role in addictive disorders has been highlighted by several recent studies. However, its potential effects on morphological alterations in alcohol dependence are yet to be investigated. Associations between leptin and the longitudinal courses of gray matter volume (GMV) and cortical thickness (CT) were investigated in N = 62 alcohol-dependent patients that underwent structural magnetic resonance imaging after a mean abstinence of 12 (baseline) and 27 days (follow-up) respectively. Blood samples were collected at baseline to determine leptin levels. A cohort of N = 74 healthy individuals served as a reference sample. At baseline, alcohol-dependent patients compared to healthy controls displayed smaller GMV in the insula, parts of the superior, middle and inferior frontal gyri and hippocampal regions and thinner CT in the insula, parts of the superior and middle frontal cortices, the lateral orbitofrontal cortex and parts of the occipital and lingual cortices that partially recovered during abstinence (pFWE < 0.05). In alcohol-dependent patients, leptin was a significant predictor of GMV and CT recovery in the areas that showed the strongest whole-brain effects, specifically GMV in the right insula (R2 = 0.070, pFDR = 0.040) and left inferior frontal triangular gyrus (R2 = 0.076, pFDR = 0.040), as well as CT in the left insula (R2 = 0.158, pFDR = 0.004) and right superior frontal cortex (R2 = 0.180, pFDR = 0.004). Present results support the role of leptin in predicting GMV and CT recovery during the first month of abstinence in alcohol-dependent patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Bach
- Department of Addictive Behavior and Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University, Germany; Feuerlein Center on Translational Addiction Medicine (FCTS), University of Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Anne Koopmann
- Department of Addictive Behavior and Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University, Germany; Feuerlein Center on Translational Addiction Medicine (FCTS), University of Heidelberg, Germany
| | - J Malte Bumb
- Department of Addictive Behavior and Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University, Germany; Feuerlein Center on Translational Addiction Medicine (FCTS), University of Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sabine Vollstädt-Klein
- Department of Addictive Behavior and Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University, Germany; Feuerlein Center on Translational Addiction Medicine (FCTS), University of Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Iris Reinhard
- Department of Biostatistics, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University, Germany
| | - Marcella Rietschel
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University, Germany
| | - Stephanie H Witt
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University, Germany
| | - Klaus Wiedemann
- Department of Psychiatry & Psychotherapy, University Medical Center, Hamburg, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Falk Kiefer
- Department of Addictive Behavior and Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University, Germany; Feuerlein Center on Translational Addiction Medicine (FCTS), University of Heidelberg, Germany
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59
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Pabst A, Heeren A, Maurage P. Socio-affective processing biases in severe alcohol use disorders: Experimental and therapeutic perspectives. Addict Behav 2020; 106:106382. [PMID: 32171955 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2020.106382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Previous literature has consistently reported socio-affective information processing impairments in patients with severe alcohol use disorder (SAUD). Some recent studies have also suggested that these patients might exhibit biases toward stimuli indicating social threat, such as angry or disgusted faces. Such biases have been largely documented in other psychopathological disorders like anxiety, where they play a critical role in the emergence and maintenance of the disorder. A comprehensive understanding of these biases in SAUD would thus deepen the understanding of interpersonal difficulties and relapse-related factors. However, to date, no study has directly explored these biases in SAUD. In order to initiate efforts to address this issue, we first review preliminary evidence supporting the hypothesis of biased processing of social threat in SAUD. Then, we identify possible pathways through which such biases might negatively impact the course of the disorder. Finally, we provide precise recommendations and available materials to develop research in this promising field, and underline the related theoretical and clinical perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arthur Pabst
- Louvain Experimental Psychopathology Research Group, Psychological Sciences Research Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Alexandre Heeren
- Louvain Experimental Psychopathology Research Group, Psychological Sciences Research Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium; Clinical Neuroscience Division, Institute of Neuroscience, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Pierre Maurage
- Louvain Experimental Psychopathology Research Group, Psychological Sciences Research Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium; Clinical Neuroscience Division, Institute of Neuroscience, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.
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60
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Wright DK, Gardner AJ, Wojtowicz M, Iverson GL, O'Brien TJ, Shultz SR, Stanwell P. White Matter Abnormalities in Retired Professional Rugby League Players with a History of Concussion. J Neurotrauma 2020; 38:983-988. [PMID: 32245344 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2019.6886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The topic of potential long-term neurological consequences from having multiple concussions during a career in collision sports is controversial. We sought to investigate white matter microstructure using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) in retired professional Australian National Rugby League (NRL) players (n = 11) with a history of multiple self-reported concussions compared with age- and education-matched controls (n = 13) who have had no history of brain trauma. Diffusion-weighted images were acquired with a Siemens 3T scanner. All participants completed a clinical interview. There were no significant differences between groups on measures of depression, anxiety, stress, or post-concussion symptoms; however, NRL players scored significantly higher on the alcohol use disorder identification test (AUDIT). Voxelwise analyses of DTI measures were performed using tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS) with age and AUDIT scores included as covariates. TBSS revealed significantly reduced fractional anisotropy (FA), and increased radial diffusivity (RD), axial diffusivity (AD), and trace (TR) in white matter regions of recently retired NRL players compared with controls. FA was significantly reduced in the right superior longitudinal fasciculus and right corticospinal tract while TR, RD, and AD were increased in these regions, as well as the corpus callosum, forceps major, right uncinate fasciculus, and left corticospinal tract. In summary, DTI in a small cohort of recently retired professional NRL players with a history of multiple concussions showed differences in white matter microstructure compared with age- and education-matched controls with no history of brain trauma.
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Affiliation(s)
- David K Wright
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Andrew J Gardner
- Hunter New England Local Health District Sports Concussion Program, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | - Grant L Iverson
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital and Spaulding Research Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,MassGeneral Hospital for ChildrenTM Sport Concussion Program Foundation, and Massachusetts General Hospital Home Base Program, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Terence J O'Brien
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sandy R Shultz
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Peter Stanwell
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
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61
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Yang K, Yang Q, Niu Y, Fan F, Chen S, Luo X, Tan S, Wang Z, Tong J, Yang F, Le TM, Li CSR, Tan Y. Cortical Thickness in Alcohol Dependent Patients With Apathy. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11:364. [PMID: 32431630 PMCID: PMC7214693 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Many studies reported structural brain changes in patients with alcohol dependence (PADs). However, no studies identified structural correlates of apathy that might aggravate alcohol misuse. Here, we explored regional differences in cortical thickness in PADs relative to healthy controls (HCs), and examined the potential correlation of regional thickness with the severity of apathy. METHODS Magnetic resonance imaging data were collected from 33 male PADs and 35 male age- and education-matched HCs. We used the FreeSurfer software to investigate group differences in cortical thickness across 148 regions. Apathy was evaluated using the Lille Apathy Rating Scale-Informant (LARS-I). Regression analyses examined the relationship between cortical thickness of regions of interest and apathy score in PADs. RESULTS Compared to HCs, PADs showed significant decreases in the cortical thickness of occipito-temporal cortex (OTC), including the left middle occipital gyrus and occipital pole, right superior occipital gyri, and bilateral lingual gyrus; bilateral superior parietal cortex (SPC), including the right intraparietal sulcus; and bilateral inferior parietal cortex (IPC). Furthermore, the cortical thickness of all of the three regions was negatively correlated with the apathy total scores. The cortical thickness of the IPC was also negatively correlated with the action initiation subscore of the LARS-I. CONCLUSIONS The current results suggest the thickness of bilateral parietal and occipital temporal cortices as neural markers of apathy in PADs. These findings add to the literature by identifying the neural bases of a critical clinical feature of individuals with alcoholism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kebing Yang
- Peking University Huilongguan Clinical Medical School, Beijing Huilongguan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Qingyan Yang
- Peking University Huilongguan Clinical Medical School, Beijing Huilongguan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yajuan Niu
- Peking University Huilongguan Clinical Medical School, Beijing Huilongguan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Fengmei Fan
- Peking University Huilongguan Clinical Medical School, Beijing Huilongguan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Song Chen
- Peking University Huilongguan Clinical Medical School, Beijing Huilongguan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xingguang Luo
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Shuping Tan
- Peking University Huilongguan Clinical Medical School, Beijing Huilongguan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiren Wang
- Peking University Huilongguan Clinical Medical School, Beijing Huilongguan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jinghui Tong
- Peking University Huilongguan Clinical Medical School, Beijing Huilongguan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Fude Yang
- Peking University Huilongguan Clinical Medical School, Beijing Huilongguan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Thang M. Le
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Chiang-Shan R. Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Yunlong Tan
- Peking University Huilongguan Clinical Medical School, Beijing Huilongguan Hospital, Beijing, China
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Galinowski A, Miranda R, Lemaitre H, Artiges E, Paillère Martinot M, Filippi I, Penttilä J, Grimmer Y, Noort BM, Stringaris A, Becker A, Isensee C, Struve M, Fadai T, Kappel V, Goodman R, Banaschewski T, Bokde AL, Bromberg U, Brühl R, Büchel C, Cattrell A, Conrod P, Desrivières S, Flor H, Fröhner JH, Frouin V, Gallinat J, Garavan H, Gowland P, Heinz A, Hohmann S, Jurk S, Millenet S, Nees F, Papadopoulos‐Orfanos D, Poustka L, Quinlan EB, Smolka MN, Walter H, Whelan R, Schumann G, Martinot J. Heavy drinking in adolescents is associated with change in brainstem microstructure and reward sensitivity. Addict Biol 2020; 25:e12781. [PMID: 31328396 DOI: 10.1111/adb.12781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Revised: 03/31/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Heavy drinker adolescents: altered brainstem microstructure.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Galinowski
- INSERM, UMR 1000, Research Unit “Neuroimaging and Psychiatry”, Paris Saclay University, Paris Descartes University, DIGITEO Labs, Gif sur Yvette France
| | - Ruben Miranda
- INSERM, UMR 1000, Research Unit “Neuroimaging and Psychiatry”, Paris Saclay University, Paris Descartes University, DIGITEO Labs, Gif sur Yvette France
- Department of Psychiatry and AddictologyPaul Brousse Hospital Villejuif France
| | - Hervé Lemaitre
- INSERM, UMR 1000, Research Unit “Neuroimaging and Psychiatry”, Paris Saclay University, Paris Descartes University, DIGITEO Labs, Gif sur Yvette France
| | - Eric Artiges
- INSERM, UMR 1000, Research Unit “Neuroimaging and Psychiatry”, Paris Saclay University, Paris Descartes University, DIGITEO Labs, Gif sur Yvette France
- Center for Neuroimaging Research (CENIR)Brain & Spine Institute Paris France
- Psychiatry Department 91G16Orsay Hospital Orsay France
| | - Marie‐Laure Paillère Martinot
- INSERM, UMR 1000, Research Unit “Neuroimaging and Psychiatry”, Paris Saclay University, Paris Descartes University, DIGITEO Labs, Gif sur Yvette France
- Department of Child and Adolescent PsychiatryPitié‐Salpêtrière Hospital Paris France
| | - Irina Filippi
- INSERM, UMR 1000, Research Unit “Neuroimaging and Psychiatry”, Paris Saclay University, Paris Descartes University, DIGITEO Labs, Gif sur Yvette France
| | - Jani Penttilä
- Department of Social and Health CarePsychosocial Services Adolescent Outpatient Clinic Lahti Finland
| | - Yvonne Grimmer
- Department of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty MannheimHeidelberg University Mannheim Germany
| | - Betteke M. Noort
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Campus Charité MitteCharité‐Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany
| | - Argyris Stringaris
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & NeuroscienceKing's College London London UK
| | - Andreas Becker
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and PsychotherapyUniversity Medical Centre Göttingen Göttingen Germany
| | - Corinna Isensee
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and PsychotherapyUniversity Medical Centre Göttingen Göttingen Germany
| | - Maren Struve
- Department of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty MannheimHeidelberg University Mannheim Germany
| | - Tahmine Fadai
- Department of Systems NeuroscienceUniversity Medical Centre Hamburg‐Eppendorf Hamburg Germany
| | - Viola Kappel
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Campus Charité MitteCharité‐Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany
| | - Robert Goodman
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & NeuroscienceKing's College London London UK
| | - Tobias Banaschewski
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty MannheimHeidelberg University Mannheim Germany
| | - Arun L.W. Bokde
- Discipline of Psychiatry, School of Medicine and Trinity College Institute of NeurosciencesTrinity College Dublin Ireland
| | - Uli Bromberg
- Department of Systems NeuroscienceUniversity Medical Centre Hamburg‐Eppendorf Hamburg Germany
| | - Rüdiger Brühl
- Physikalisch‐Technische Bundesanstalt, Abbestr. 2 ‐ 12 Berlin Germany
| | - Christian Büchel
- Department of Systems NeuroscienceUniversity Medical Centre Hamburg‐Eppendorf Hamburg Germany
| | - Anna Cattrell
- Medical Research Council—Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & NeuroscienceKing's College London London UK
| | - Patricia Conrod
- Department of PsychiatryMontreal University, CHU Ste Justine Hospital 3175 Côte-Ste-Catherine Montréal, Québec, H3T 1C5 Canada
| | - Sylvane Desrivières
- Medical Research Council—Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & NeuroscienceKing's College London London UK
| | - Herta Flor
- Department of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty MannheimHeidelberg University Mannheim Germany
| | - Juliane H. Fröhner
- Department of Psychiatry and PsychotherapyUniversity Medical Center Hamburg‐Eppendorf Hamburg Germany
| | - Vincent Frouin
- Neurospin, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, CEA‐Saclay Center Paris France
| | - Juergen Gallinat
- Department of Psychiatry and PsychotherapyUniversity Medical Center Hamburg‐Eppendorf Hamburg Germany
| | - Hugh Garavan
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity of Vermont Burlington Vermont
- Department of PsychologyUniversity of Vermont Burlington Vermont
| | - Penny Gowland
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre School of Physics and AstronomyUniversity of Nottingham, University Park Nottingham UK
| | - Andreas Heinz
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charité MitteCharité‐Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany
| | - Sarah Hohmann
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty MannheimHeidelberg University Mannheim Germany
| | - Sarah Jurk
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroimaging CenterTechnische Universität Dresden Dresden Germany
| | - Sabina Millenet
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty MannheimHeidelberg University Mannheim Germany
| | - Frauke Nees
- Department of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty MannheimHeidelberg University Mannheim Germany
| | | | - Luise Poustka
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty MannheimHeidelberg University Mannheim Germany
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and PsychotherapyMedical University of Vienna Vienna Austria
| | - Erin Burke Quinlan
- Department of Psychological Medicine and Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & NeuroscienceKing's College London London UK
| | - Michael N. Smolka
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroimaging CenterTechnische Universität Dresden Dresden Germany
| | - Henrik Walter
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charité MitteCharité‐Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany
| | - Robert Whelan
- Department of PsychologyUniversity College Dublin Ireland
| | - Gunter Schumann
- Medical Research Council—Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & NeuroscienceKing's College London London UK
| | - Jean‐Luc Martinot
- INSERM, UMR 1000, Research Unit “Neuroimaging and Psychiatry”, Paris Saclay University, Paris Descartes University, DIGITEO Labs, Gif sur Yvette France
- Center for Neuroimaging Research (CENIR)Brain & Spine Institute Paris France
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Dormal V, Lannoy S, Bollen Z, D'Hondt F, Maurage P. Can we boost attention and inhibition in binge drinking? Electrophysiological impact of neurocognitive stimulation. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2020; 237:1493-1505. [PMID: 32036388 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-020-05475-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Binge drinking (i.e. excessive episodic alcohol consumption) among young adults has been associated with deleterious consequences, notably at the cognitive and brain levels. These behavioural impairments and brain alterations have a direct impact on psychological and interpersonal functioning, but they might also be involved in the transition towards severe alcohol use disorders. Development of effective rehabilitation programs to reduce these negative effects as they emerge thus constitutes a priority in subclinical populations. OBJECTIVES The present study tested the behavioural and electrophysiological impact of neurocognitive stimulation (i.e. transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) applied during a cognitive task) to improve attention and inhibition abilities in young binge drinkers. METHODS Two groups (20 binge drinkers and 20 non-binge drinkers) performed two sessions in a counterbalanced order. Each session consisted of an inhibition task (i.e. Neutral Go/No-Go) while participants received left frontal tDCS or sham stimulation, immediately followed by an Alcohol-related Go/No-Go task, while both behavioural and electrophysiological measures were recorded. RESULTS No significant differences were observed between groups or sessions (tDCS versus sham stimulation) at the behavioural level. However, electrophysiological measurements during the alcohol-related inhibition task revealed a specific effect of tDCS on attentional resource mobilization (indexed by the N2 component) in binge drinkers, whereas later inhibition processes (indexed by the P3 component) remained unchanged in this population. CONCLUSIONS The present findings indicate that tDCS can modify the electrophysiological correlates of cognitive processes in binge drinking. While the impact of such brain modifications on actual neuropsychological functioning and alcohol consumption behaviours remains to be determined, these results underline the potential interest of developing neurocognitive stimulation approaches in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valérie Dormal
- Louvain Experimental Psychopathology research group (LEP), Psychological Science Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Place Cardinal Mercier, 10, 1348, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Séverine Lannoy
- Louvain Experimental Psychopathology research group (LEP), Psychological Science Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Place Cardinal Mercier, 10, 1348, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Zoé Bollen
- Louvain Experimental Psychopathology research group (LEP), Psychological Science Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Place Cardinal Mercier, 10, 1348, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Fabien D'Hondt
- CNRS, UMR 9193 - SCALab - Sciences Cognitives et Sciences Affectives, University Lille, 59000, Lille, France.,Clinique de Psychiatrie, CURE, CHU Lille, 59000, Lille, France
| | - Pierre Maurage
- Louvain Experimental Psychopathology research group (LEP), Psychological Science Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Place Cardinal Mercier, 10, 1348, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.
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64
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Non-oxidative ethanol metabolism in human hepatic cells in vitro: Involvement of uridine diphospho-glucuronosyltransferase 1A9 in ethylglucuronide production. Toxicol In Vitro 2020; 66:104842. [PMID: 32283135 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2020.104842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Ethanol is the most frequently psychoactive substance used in the world, leading to major public health problems with several millions of deaths attributed to alcohol consumption each year. Metabolism of ethanol occurs mainly in the liver via the predominant oxidative metabolism pathway involving phase I enzymes including alcohol dehydrogenases (ADH), cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2E1 and catalase. In a lesser extent, an alternative non-oxidative pathway also contributes to the metabolism of ethanol, which involves the uridine diphospho-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) and sulfotransferase (SULT) phase II enzymes. Using liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry, ethylglucuronide (EtG) and ethylsulfate (EtS) produced respectively by UGT and SULT conjugation and detected in various biological samples are direct markers of alcohol consumption. We report herein the efficient non-oxidative metabolic pathway of ethanol in human differentiated HepaRG cells compared to primary human hepatocytes (HH). We showed dose- and time-dependent production of EtS and EtG after ethanol (25 or 50 mM) treatment in culture media of differentiated HepaRG cells and HH and a significant induction of CYP2E1 mRNA expression upon acute ethanol exposure in HepaRG cells. These differentiated hepatoma cells thus represent a suitable in vitro human liver cell model to explore ethanol metabolism and more particularly EtG and EtS production. In addition, using recombinant HepG2 cells expressing different UGT1A genes, we found that UGT1A9 was the major UGT involved in ethanol glucuronidation.
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Kamarajan C, Ardekani BA, Pandey AK, Chorlian DB, Kinreich S, Pandey G, Meyers JL, Zhang J, Kuang W, Stimus AT, Porjesz B. Random Forest Classification of Alcohol Use Disorder Using EEG Source Functional Connectivity, Neuropsychological Functioning, and Impulsivity Measures. Behav Sci (Basel) 2020; 10:bs10030062. [PMID: 32121585 PMCID: PMC7139327 DOI: 10.3390/bs10030062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Revised: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
: Individuals with alcohol use disorder (AUD) manifest a variety of impairments that can be attributed to alterations in specific brain networks. The current study aims to identify features of EEG-based functional connectivity, neuropsychological performance, and impulsivity that can classify individuals with AUD (N = 30) from unaffected controls (CTL, N = 30) using random forest classification. The features included were: (i) EEG source functional connectivity (FC) of the default mode network (DMN) derived using eLORETA algorithm, (ii) neuropsychological scores from the Tower of London test (TOLT) and the visual span test (VST), and (iii) impulsivity factors from the Barratt impulsiveness scale (BIS). The random forest model achieved a classification accuracy of 80% and identified 29 FC connections (among 66 connections per frequency band), 3 neuropsychological variables from VST (total number of correctly performed trials in forward and backward sequences and average time for correct trials in forward sequence) and all four impulsivity scores (motor, non-planning, attentional, and total) as significantly contributing to classifying individuals as either AUD or CTL. Although there was a significant age difference between the groups, most of the top variables that contributed to the classification were not significantly correlated with age. The AUD group showed a predominant pattern of hyperconnectivity among 25 of 29 significant connections, indicating aberrant network functioning during resting state suggestive of neural hyperexcitability and impulsivity. Further, parahippocampal hyperconnectivity with other DMN regions was identified as a major hub region dysregulated in AUD (13 connections overall), possibly due to neural damage from chronic drinking, which may give rise to cognitive impairments, including memory deficits and blackouts. Furthermore, hypoconnectivity observed in four connections (prefrontal nodes connecting posterior right-hemispheric regions) may indicate a weaker or fractured prefrontal connectivity with other regions, which may be related to impaired higher cognitive functions. The AUD group also showed poorer memory performance on the VST task and increased impulsivity in all factors compared to controls. Features from all three domains had significant associations with one another. These results indicate that dysregulated neural connectivity across the DMN regions, especially relating to hyperconnected parahippocampal hub as well as hypoconnected prefrontal hub, may potentially represent neurophysiological biomarkers of AUD, while poor visual memory performance and heightened impulsivity may serve as cognitive-behavioral indices of AUD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chella Kamarajan
- Henri Begleiter Neurodynamics Lab, Department of Psychiatry, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA; (A.K.P.); (D.B.C.); (S.K.); (G.P.); (J.L.M.); (J.Z.); (W.K.); (A.T.S.); (B.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-718-270-2913
| | - Babak A. Ardekani
- Center for Biomedical Imaging and Neuromodulation, Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY 10962, USA;
- Department of Psychiatry, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Ashwini K. Pandey
- Henri Begleiter Neurodynamics Lab, Department of Psychiatry, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA; (A.K.P.); (D.B.C.); (S.K.); (G.P.); (J.L.M.); (J.Z.); (W.K.); (A.T.S.); (B.P.)
| | - David B. Chorlian
- Henri Begleiter Neurodynamics Lab, Department of Psychiatry, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA; (A.K.P.); (D.B.C.); (S.K.); (G.P.); (J.L.M.); (J.Z.); (W.K.); (A.T.S.); (B.P.)
| | - Sivan Kinreich
- Henri Begleiter Neurodynamics Lab, Department of Psychiatry, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA; (A.K.P.); (D.B.C.); (S.K.); (G.P.); (J.L.M.); (J.Z.); (W.K.); (A.T.S.); (B.P.)
| | - Gayathri Pandey
- Henri Begleiter Neurodynamics Lab, Department of Psychiatry, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA; (A.K.P.); (D.B.C.); (S.K.); (G.P.); (J.L.M.); (J.Z.); (W.K.); (A.T.S.); (B.P.)
| | - Jacquelyn L. Meyers
- Henri Begleiter Neurodynamics Lab, Department of Psychiatry, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA; (A.K.P.); (D.B.C.); (S.K.); (G.P.); (J.L.M.); (J.Z.); (W.K.); (A.T.S.); (B.P.)
| | - Jian Zhang
- Henri Begleiter Neurodynamics Lab, Department of Psychiatry, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA; (A.K.P.); (D.B.C.); (S.K.); (G.P.); (J.L.M.); (J.Z.); (W.K.); (A.T.S.); (B.P.)
| | - Weipeng Kuang
- Henri Begleiter Neurodynamics Lab, Department of Psychiatry, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA; (A.K.P.); (D.B.C.); (S.K.); (G.P.); (J.L.M.); (J.Z.); (W.K.); (A.T.S.); (B.P.)
| | - Arthur T. Stimus
- Henri Begleiter Neurodynamics Lab, Department of Psychiatry, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA; (A.K.P.); (D.B.C.); (S.K.); (G.P.); (J.L.M.); (J.Z.); (W.K.); (A.T.S.); (B.P.)
| | - Bernice Porjesz
- Henri Begleiter Neurodynamics Lab, Department of Psychiatry, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA; (A.K.P.); (D.B.C.); (S.K.); (G.P.); (J.L.M.); (J.Z.); (W.K.); (A.T.S.); (B.P.)
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Rolland B, Dricot L, Creupelandt C, Maurage P, De Timary P. Respective influence of current alcohol consumption and duration of heavy drinking on brain morphological alterations in alcohol use disorder. Addict Biol 2020; 25:e12751. [PMID: 30963660 DOI: 10.1111/adb.12751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Numerous studies have explored the morphological differences of the brain between subjects with alcohol use disorder (AUD) and control subjects, but very few have investigated the impact of the duration of alcohol use disorder (DAD) and current level of alcohol consumption (CAC) within AUD subjects using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). We compared the morphological MRI of 44 controls and 66 AUD subjects, recruited at the end of a detoxification program. Additional analyses within the AUD group determined which specific alterations were respectively associated with DAD and CAC using: (1) Bonferroni-corrected multivariable linear regressions to explore the DAD/CAC impact on brain volumes and (2) a general linear model (GLM module of FreeSurfer's Qdec) and Monte Carlo simulation to correct for multiple comparisons (P < 0.05) to explore the DAD/CAC impact on cortical thickness and volumes. Analyses were adjusted for age and tobacco use. CAC and DAD were significantly correlated (ρ = 0.25, P < 0.0001), and sensitivity analyses were conducted with and without both CAC and DAD included in the same model. While the AUD-control comparisons globally reproduced preexisting findings, within-AUD analyses found that CAC was inversely correlated with cortical thickness and gray matter volume in a bilateral dorsal band of the temporal lobe, including the fusiform and parahippocampal gyri. For DAD, only a left and more ventral temporal band that partially overlapped the CAC-associated area was found in cortical thickness analyses. No significant volumetric result was reached after a Bonferroni correction. CAC and, to a lesser extent, DAD were thus associated with specific, though partially overlapping, temporal surface-based signatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Rolland
- Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de LyonUniversity Lyon, UCBL, INSERM U1028, CNRS UMR5292 Bron France
- CH Le Vinatier, Service Universitaire d'Addictologie de Lyon (SUAL), Bron France
- Institute of NeuroscienceUniversité Catholique de Louvain Louvain‐la‐Neuve Belgium
| | - Laurence Dricot
- Institute of NeuroscienceUniversité Catholique de Louvain Louvain‐la‐Neuve Belgium
- Department of Adult Psychiatry, Cliniques Universitaires Saint‐Luc Brussels Belgium
| | - Coralie Creupelandt
- Institute of NeuroscienceUniversité Catholique de Louvain Louvain‐la‐Neuve Belgium
- Department of Adult Psychiatry, Cliniques Universitaires Saint‐Luc Brussels Belgium
- Laboratory for Experimental Psychopathology (LEP), Psychological Science Research InstituteUniversité Catholique de Louvain Louvain‐la‐Neuve Belgium
| | - Pierre Maurage
- Institute of NeuroscienceUniversité Catholique de Louvain Louvain‐la‐Neuve Belgium
- Laboratory for Experimental Psychopathology (LEP), Psychological Science Research InstituteUniversité Catholique de Louvain Louvain‐la‐Neuve Belgium
| | - Philippe De Timary
- Institute of NeuroscienceUniversité Catholique de Louvain Louvain‐la‐Neuve Belgium
- Department of Adult Psychiatry, Cliniques Universitaires Saint‐Luc Brussels Belgium
- Laboratory for Experimental Psychopathology (LEP), Psychological Science Research InstituteUniversité Catholique de Louvain Louvain‐la‐Neuve Belgium
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Lannoy S, Gilles F, Benzerouk F, Henry A, Oker A, Raucher-Chéné D, Besche-Richard C, Gierski F. Disentangling the role of social cognition processes at early steps of alcohol abuse: The influence of affective theory of mind. Addict Behav 2020; 102:106187. [PMID: 31863967 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2019.106187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Excessive alcohol use among adolescents has become a pressing challenge among Western societies. Accordingly, one of the current research objectives is to identify the processes associated with this harmful habit. Although numerous studies have underlined the role of executive and motivational processes, few have explored emotional and interpersonal abilities at early steps of alcohol abuse. The present study evaluated the role of two social cognition processes, namely theory of mind (ability to infer others' mental states at cognitive and affective levels) and empathy (ability to understand others' feelings at cognitive and affective levels) in adolescents' alcohol consumption. Two hundred and two adolescents (13-20 years old) performed a behavioral task evaluating theory of mind and filled in questionnaires measuring personal data, empathy, alcohol consumption (alcohol abuse and specific binge drinking), as well as depressive and anxiety symptoms. Findings showed that cognitive and affective empathy were negatively associated with alcohol consumption in youth whereas affective theory of mind was related to specific binge drinking. Importantly, affective theory of mind predicted binge drinking in adolescents, even after controlling for age, gender, and education level. These results emphasized the role of social cognition in early alcohol abuse and showed that, beyond inhibition, interpersonal abilities might precipitate excessive drinking in youth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Séverine Lannoy
- Cognition Health and Society Laboratory (EA 6291), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, 57 rue Pierre Taittinger, 51571 Reims, France; Laboratory for Experimental Psychopathology (LEP), Psychological Science Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, 10 Place Cardinal Mercier, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.
| | - Fanny Gilles
- Cognition Health and Society Laboratory (EA 6291), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, 57 rue Pierre Taittinger, 51571 Reims, France
| | - Farid Benzerouk
- Cognition Health and Society Laboratory (EA 6291), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, 57 rue Pierre Taittinger, 51571 Reims, France; Pôle Universitaire de Psychiatrie, EPSM Marne, 8 Rue Roger Aubry, Reims, France.
| | - Audrey Henry
- Cognition Health and Society Laboratory (EA 6291), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, 57 rue Pierre Taittinger, 51571 Reims, France; Pôle Universitaire de Psychiatrie, EPSM Marne, 8 Rue Roger Aubry, Reims, France.
| | - Ali Oker
- Cognition Health and Society Laboratory (EA 6291), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, 57 rue Pierre Taittinger, 51571 Reims, France.
| | - Delphine Raucher-Chéné
- Cognition Health and Society Laboratory (EA 6291), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, 57 rue Pierre Taittinger, 51571 Reims, France; Pôle Universitaire de Psychiatrie, EPSM Marne, 8 Rue Roger Aubry, Reims, France.
| | - Chrystel Besche-Richard
- Cognition Health and Society Laboratory (EA 6291), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, 57 rue Pierre Taittinger, 51571 Reims, France.
| | - Fabien Gierski
- Cognition Health and Society Laboratory (EA 6291), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, 57 rue Pierre Taittinger, 51571 Reims, France; Pôle Universitaire de Psychiatrie, EPSM Marne, 8 Rue Roger Aubry, Reims, France; INSERM U1247 GRAP, Research Group on Alcohol and Drugs, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Chemin du Thil, Amiens, France.
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68
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Kamarajan C, Ardekani BA, Pandey AK, Kinreich S, Pandey G, Chorlian DB, Meyers JL, Zhang J, Bermudez E, Stimus AT, Porjesz B. Random Forest Classification of Alcohol Use Disorder Using fMRI Functional Connectivity, Neuropsychological Functioning, and Impulsivity Measures. Brain Sci 2020; 10:brainsci10020115. [PMID: 32093319 PMCID: PMC7071377 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci10020115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Individuals with alcohol use disorder (AUD) are known to manifest a variety of neurocognitive impairments that can be attributed to alterations in specific brain networks. The current study aims to identify specific features of brain connectivity, neuropsychological performance, and impulsivity traits that can classify adult males with AUD (n = 30) from healthy controls (CTL, n = 30) using the Random Forest (RF) classification method. The predictor variables were: (i) fMRI-based within-network functional connectivity (FC) of the Default Mode Network (DMN), (ii) neuropsychological scores from the Tower of London Test (TOLT), and the Visual Span Test (VST), and (iii) impulsivity factors from the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS). The RF model, with a classification accuracy of 76.67%, identified fourteen DMN connections, two neuropsychological variables (memory span and total correct scores of the forward condition of the VST), and all impulsivity factors as significantly important for classifying participants into either the AUD or CTL group. Specifically, the AUD group manifested hyperconnectivity across the bilateral anterior cingulate cortex and the prefrontal cortex as well as between the bilateral posterior cingulate cortex and the left inferior parietal lobule, while showing hypoconnectivity in long-range anterior-posterior and interhemispheric long-range connections. Individuals with AUD also showed poorer memory performance and increased impulsivity compared to CTL individuals. Furthermore, there were significant associations among FC, impulsivity, neuropsychological performance, and AUD status. These results confirm the previous findings that alterations in specific brain networks coupled with poor neuropsychological functioning and heightened impulsivity may characterize individuals with AUD, who can be efficiently identified using classification algorithms such as Random Forest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chella Kamarajan
- Henri Begleiter Neurodynamics Lab, Department of Psychiatry, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA; (A.K.P.); (S.K.); (G.P.); (D.B.C.); (J.L.M.); (J.Z.); (A.T.S.); (B.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-718-270-2913
| | - Babak A. Ardekani
- Center for Biomedical Imaging and Neuromodulation, Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY 10962, USA;
- Department of Psychiatry, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA;
| | - Ashwini K. Pandey
- Henri Begleiter Neurodynamics Lab, Department of Psychiatry, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA; (A.K.P.); (S.K.); (G.P.); (D.B.C.); (J.L.M.); (J.Z.); (A.T.S.); (B.P.)
| | - Sivan Kinreich
- Henri Begleiter Neurodynamics Lab, Department of Psychiatry, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA; (A.K.P.); (S.K.); (G.P.); (D.B.C.); (J.L.M.); (J.Z.); (A.T.S.); (B.P.)
| | - Gayathri Pandey
- Henri Begleiter Neurodynamics Lab, Department of Psychiatry, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA; (A.K.P.); (S.K.); (G.P.); (D.B.C.); (J.L.M.); (J.Z.); (A.T.S.); (B.P.)
| | - David B. Chorlian
- Henri Begleiter Neurodynamics Lab, Department of Psychiatry, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA; (A.K.P.); (S.K.); (G.P.); (D.B.C.); (J.L.M.); (J.Z.); (A.T.S.); (B.P.)
| | - Jacquelyn L. Meyers
- Henri Begleiter Neurodynamics Lab, Department of Psychiatry, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA; (A.K.P.); (S.K.); (G.P.); (D.B.C.); (J.L.M.); (J.Z.); (A.T.S.); (B.P.)
| | - Jian Zhang
- Henri Begleiter Neurodynamics Lab, Department of Psychiatry, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA; (A.K.P.); (S.K.); (G.P.); (D.B.C.); (J.L.M.); (J.Z.); (A.T.S.); (B.P.)
| | - Elaine Bermudez
- Department of Psychiatry, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA;
| | - Arthur T. Stimus
- Henri Begleiter Neurodynamics Lab, Department of Psychiatry, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA; (A.K.P.); (S.K.); (G.P.); (D.B.C.); (J.L.M.); (J.Z.); (A.T.S.); (B.P.)
| | - Bernice Porjesz
- Henri Begleiter Neurodynamics Lab, Department of Psychiatry, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA; (A.K.P.); (S.K.); (G.P.); (D.B.C.); (J.L.M.); (J.Z.); (A.T.S.); (B.P.)
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Association of coincident self-reported mental health problems and alcohol intake with all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality: A Norwegian pooled population analysis. PLoS Med 2020; 17:e1003030. [PMID: 32012170 PMCID: PMC6996806 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1003030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The disease burden attributable to mental health problems and to excess or harmful alcohol use is considerable. Despite a strong relationship between these 2 important factors in population health, there are few studies quantifying the mortality risk associated with their co-occurrence in the general population. The aim of this study was therefore to investigate cardiovascular disease (CVD) and all-cause mortality according to self-reported mental health problems and alcohol intake in the general population. METHODS AND FINDINGS We followed 243,372 participants in Norwegian health surveys (1994-2002) through 2014 for all-cause and CVD mortality by data linkage to national registries. The mean (SD) age at the time of participation in the survey was 43.9 (10.6) years, and 47.8% were men. During a mean (SD) follow-up period of 16.7 (3.2) years, 6,587 participants died from CVD, and 21,376 died from all causes. Cox models estimated hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% CIs according to a mental health index (low, 1.00-1.50; high, 2.01-4.00; low score is favourable) based on the General Health Questionnaire and the Hopkins Symptom Checklist, and according to self-reported alcohol intake (low, <2; light, 2-11.99; moderate, 12-23.99; high, ≥24 grams/day). HRs were adjusted for age, sex, educational level, marital status, and CVD risk factors. Compared to a reference group with low mental health index score and low alcohol intake, HRs (95% CIs) for all-cause mortality were 0.93 (0.89, 0.97; p = 0.001), 1.00 (0.92, 1.09; p = 0.926), and 1.14 (0.96, 1.35; p = 0.119) for low index score combined with light, moderate, and high alcohol intake, respectively. HRs (95% CIs) were 1.22 (1.14, 1.31; p < 0.001), 1.24 (1.15, 1.33; p < 0.001), 1.43 (1.23, 1.66; p < 0.001), and 2.29 (1.87, 2.80; p < 0.001) for high index score combined with low, light, moderate, and high alcohol intake, respectively. For CVD mortality, HRs (95% CIs) were 0.93 (0.86, 1.00; p = 0.058), 0.90 (0.76, 1.07; p = 0.225), and 0.95 (0.67, 1.33; p = 0.760) for a low index score combined with light, moderate, and high alcohol intake, respectively, and 1.11 (0.98, 1.25; p = 0.102), 0.97 (0.83, 1.13; p = 0.689), 1.01 (0.71, 1.44; p = 0.956), and 1.78 (1.14, 2.78; p = 0.011) for high index score combined with low, light, moderate, and high alcohol intake, respectively. HRs for the combination of a high index score and high alcohol intake (HRs: 2.29 for all-cause and 1.78 for CVD mortality) were 64% (95% CI 53%, 74%; p < 0.001) and 69% (95% CI 42%, 97%; p < 0.001) higher than expected for all-cause mortality and CVD mortality, respectively, under the assumption of a multiplicative interaction structure. A limitation of our study is that the findings were based on average reported intake of alcohol without accounting for the drinking pattern. CONCLUSIONS In the general population, the mortality rates associated with more mental health problems and a high alcohol intake were increased when the risk factors occurred together.
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70
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Demnitz N, Topiwala A, Zsoldos E, Stagg CJ, Emir UE, Johansen-Berg H, Ebmeier KP, Sexton CE. Alcohol consumption is associated with reduced creatine levels in the hippocampus of older adults. Psychiatry Res 2020; 295:111019. [PMID: 31785452 PMCID: PMC6961205 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2019.111019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Besides its well established susceptibility to ageing, the hippocampus has also been shown to be affected by alcohol consumption. Proton spectroscopy (1H-MRS) of the hippocampus, particularly at high-field 7T MRI, may further our understanding of these associations. Here, we aimed to examine how hippocampal metabolites varied with age and alcohol consumption. Hippocampal metabolite spectra were acquired in 37 older adults using 7T 1H-MRS, from which we determined the absolute concentration of N-acetylaspartate (NAA), creatine, choline, myo-inositol, glutamate and glutamine. Thirty participants (mean age = 70.4 ± 4.7 years) also had self-reported data on weekly alcohol consumption. Total choline inversely correlated with age, although this did not survive multiple comparisons correction. Crucially, adults with a higher weekly alcohol consumption had significantly lower levels of creatine, suggesting a deficit in their hippocampal metabolism. These findings add to an increasing body of evidence linking alcohol to hippocampal function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naiara Demnitz
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
| | - Anya Topiwala
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Enikő Zsoldos
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Charlotte J Stagg
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, FMRIB, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Uzay E Emir
- School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Heidi Johansen-Berg
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, FMRIB, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Claire E Sexton
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Global Brain Health Institute, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
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Maurage P, Masson N, Bollen Z, D’Hondt F. Eye tracking correlates of acute alcohol consumption: A systematic and critical review. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2020; 108:400-422. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Revised: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Crespi C, Galandra C, Manera M, Basso G, Poggi P, Canessa N. Executive Impairment in Alcohol Use Disorder Reflects Structural Changes in Large-Scale Brain Networks: A Joint Independent Component Analysis on Gray-Matter and White-Matter Features. Front Psychol 2019; 10:2479. [PMID: 32038340 PMCID: PMC6988803 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) entails chronic effects on brain structure. Neurodegeneration due to alcohol toxicity is a neural signature of executive impairment typically observed in AUD, previously related to both gray-matter volume/density and white-matter abnormalities. Recent studies highlighted the role of meso-cortico-limbic structures supporting the salience and executive networks, in which the extent of neurostructural damage is significantly related to patients’ executive performance. Here we aim to integrate multimodal information on gray-matter and white-matter features with a multivariate data-driven approach (joint Independent Component Analysis, jICA), and to assess the relationship between the extent of damage in the resulting neurostructural superordinate components and executive profile in AUD. Twenty-two AUD patients and 18 matched healthy controls (HC) underwent a Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) protocol, alongside clinical and neuropsychological examinations. We ran jICA on five neurostructural features, including gray-matter density and different diffusion tensor imaging metrics. We extracted 12 Independent Components (ICs) and compared the resulting mixing coefficients in patients vs. HC. Finally, we correlated significant ICs with executive and clinical variables. One out of 12 ICs (IC11) discriminated patients from healthy controls and correlated positively both with executive performance in all subjects, and with lifetime duration of alcohol abuse in patients. In line with previous related evidence, this component involved widespread gray-matter and white-matter patterns including key nodes and fiber tracts of salience, default-mode and central executive networks. These findings highlighted the role of multivariate data integration as a valuable approach revealing superordinate hallmarks of neural changes related to cognition in neurological and psychiatric populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Crespi
- NEtS Center, Scuola Universitaria Superiore Istituto Universitario di Studi Superiori Pavia, Pavia, Italy.,Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Pavia, Italy
| | - Caterina Galandra
- Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Pavia, Italy
| | - Marina Manera
- Psychology Unit, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Pavia, Italy
| | | | - Paolo Poggi
- Radiology Unit, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Pavia, Italy
| | - Nicola Canessa
- NEtS Center, Scuola Universitaria Superiore Istituto Universitario di Studi Superiori Pavia, Pavia, Italy.,Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Pavia, Italy
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73
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Na E, Jang KM, Kim MS. An Event-Related Potential Study of Decision-Making and Feedback Utilization in Female College Students Who Binge Drink. Front Psychol 2019; 10:2606. [PMID: 31824383 PMCID: PMC6883468 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the ability to use feedback for decision-making in female college students who binge drink (BD) using the iowa gambling task (IGT) and event-related potentials (ERPs). Twenty-seven binge drinkers and 23 non-binge drinkers (non-BD) were identified based on scores on the Korean version of the Alcohol Use Disorder Test and the Alcohol Use Questionnaire. The IGT consists of four cards, including two cards that result in a net loss, with large immediate gains but greater losses in the long term, and two cards that result in a net gain, with small immediate gains but reduced losses in the long term. Participants were required to choose one card at a time to maximize profit until the end of the task while avoiding losses. The BD group showed a significantly lower total net score than the non-BD group, indicating that the BD group chose more disadvantageous cards. The BD group showed significantly smaller ΔFRN amplitudes [difference in amplitudes of feedback-related negativity (FRN) between gain and loss feedback] but not in P3 amplitudes. Additionally, ΔFRN amplitudes in the fronto-central area were positively correlated with the total net score and net scores for sectors 4 and 5. Thus, total net scores and later performance on the IGT increased as ΔFRN amplitudes from the fronto-central area increased. FRN is known to reflect early feedback evaluation employing a bottom-up mechanism, whereas P3 is known to reflect late feedback processing and allocation of attentional resources using a top-down mechanism. These results indicate that college students who binge drink have deficits in early evaluation of positive or negative feedback and that this deficit may be related to decision-making deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunchan Na
- Department of Psychology, Sungshin Women's University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyoung-Mi Jang
- Department of Psychology, Sungshin Women's University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Myung-Sun Kim
- Department of Psychology, Sungshin Women's University, Seoul, South Korea
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Le Daré B, Lagente V, Gicquel T. Ethanol and its metabolites: update on toxicity, benefits, and focus on immunomodulatory effects. Drug Metab Rev 2019; 51:545-561. [PMID: 31646907 DOI: 10.1080/03602532.2019.1679169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
This article summarizes recent experimental and epidemiological data on the toxic and beneficial effects of ethanol and its metabolites (acetaldehyde), and focuses on their immunomodulatory effects. The section dealing with the toxic effects of alcohol focuses on its chronic toxicity (liver disorders, carcinogenic effects, cardiovascular disorders, neuropsychic disorders, addiction and withdrawal syndrome, hematologic disorders, reprotoxicity, osteoporosis) although acute toxicity is considered. The role of oxidative metabolism of ethanol by alcohol dehydrogenase, cytochrome P450 2E1, and aldehyde dehydrogenase, as well as the impact of genetic polymorphism in its physiopathology are also highlighted. The section dealing with the beneficial effects of low to moderate alcohol consumption (on cardiovascular system, diabetes, the nervous system and sensory organs, autoimmune diseases, and rheumatology) highlights the importance of anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects in these observations. This knowledge, enriched by a focus on the immunomodulatory effects of ethanol and its metabolites, in particular on the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway, might facilitate the development of treatments that can reduce ethanol's harmful effects or accentuate its beneficial effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brendan Le Daré
- Univ Rennes, INSERM, INRA, Institut NuMeCan (Nutrition, Metabolisms and Cancer), Rennes, France.,Pharmacy Unit, Pontchaillou University Hospital, Rennes, France.,Forensic and Toxicology Laboratory, Pontchaillou University Hospital, Rennes, France
| | - Vincent Lagente
- Univ Rennes, INSERM, INRA, Institut NuMeCan (Nutrition, Metabolisms and Cancer), Rennes, France
| | - Thomas Gicquel
- Univ Rennes, INSERM, INRA, Institut NuMeCan (Nutrition, Metabolisms and Cancer), Rennes, France.,Forensic and Toxicology Laboratory, Pontchaillou University Hospital, Rennes, France
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75
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Grodin EN, Ray LA. The Use of Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging to Test Pharmacotherapies for Alcohol Use Disorder: A Systematic Review. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2019; 43:2038-2056. [PMID: 31386215 PMCID: PMC6779480 DOI: 10.1111/acer.14167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a chronic relapsing condition that represents a significant public health concern. Pharmacological treatment development for AUD is a top research priority, and many studies are being conducted to evaluate potential AUD treatments. Understanding the brain circuitry impacted by addiction is crucial for the development of efficacious pharmacological interventions. These neuroadaptations can be probed noninvasively using functional magnetic resonance neuroimaging (fMRI). fMRI may be an effective tool to identify biomarkers for AUD pharmacotherapies, evaluating changes associated with pharmacological treatment. Thus, the present qualitative review of the literature focuses on the role of fMRI as a tool for medication development for AUD. The aim of this review was to assemble research across a range of fMRI paradigms to study the effectiveness of pharmacological treatments of adult AUD. First, we present a qualitative review of fMRI AUD pharmacotherapy studies, differentiating studies based on their dosing regimen. Second, we provide recommendations for the field to improve the use of fMRI as a biomarker for AUD pharmacotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica N. Grodin
- University of California Los Angeles, Department of Psychology, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- University of California, Los Angeles, Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Lara A. Ray
- University of California Los Angeles, Department of Psychology, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- University of California, Los Angeles, Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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76
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Jiménez KM, Pereira-Morales AJ, Adan A, Lopez-Leon S, Forero DA. Anxiety-related Endophenotypes and Hazardous Alcohol Use in Young Adults are Associated with a Functional Polymorphism in the SLC6A4 Gene. Open Neurol J 2019. [DOI: 10.2174/1874205x01913010083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background:
A functional polymorphism (5-HTTLPR, rs4795541) in the serotonin transporter (SLC6A4) gene has been shown as an important candidate for several psychiatric and behavioral traits.
Objective:
The objective of this study was to examine the possible interaction of this polymorphism with physical neglect in childhood on the presentation of anxiety traits and hazardous alcohol consumption in young Colombian subjects.
Methods:
272 young adults (mean age: 21.3 years) were evaluated with the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, the Zung Self-rating Anxiety Scale, the Big Five Inventory, the Cohen’s Perceived Stress Scale, the Alcohol, Smoking, Substance Involvement Screening Test and the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test. Genotyping for the 5-HTTLPR polymorphism was carried out using conventional PCR. A linear regression model, corrected by age and gender, was used.
Results:
We found that individuals with the L/L genotype showed higher scores on physical neglect (p=0.0047), anxiety symptoms (p=0.028), neuroticism (p=0.019) and perceived stress (p=0.035). L/L genotype was a risk factor for hazardous alcohol use in young adults (OR=3.06, p=0.0003). No GxE interactions were observed in our data.
Conclusion:
Our results provide novel evidence for the role of a functional polymorphism in the SLC6A4 gene on the relationship of childhood trauma, anxiety-related traits and risky consumption of alcohol.
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78
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De Ternay J, Naassila M, Nourredine M, Louvet A, Bailly F, Sescousse G, Maurage P, Cottencin O, Carrieri PM, Rolland B. Therapeutic Prospects of Cannabidiol for Alcohol Use Disorder and Alcohol-Related Damages on the Liver and the Brain. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:627. [PMID: 31214036 PMCID: PMC6554654 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Cannabidiol (CBD) is a natural component of cannabis that possesses a widespread and complex immunomodulatory, antioxidant, anxiolytic, and antiepileptic properties. Much experimental data suggest that CBD could be used for various purposes in alcohol use disorder (AUD) and alcohol-related damage on the brain and the liver. Aim: To provide a rationale for using CBD to treat human subjects with AUD, based on the findings of experimental studies. Methods: Narrative review of studies pertaining to the assessment of CBD efficiency on drinking reduction, or on the improvement of any aspect of alcohol-related toxicity in AUD. Results: Experimental studies find that CBD reduces the overall level of alcohol drinking in animal models of AUD by reducing ethanol intake, motivation for ethanol, relapse, anxiety, and impulsivity. Moreover, CBD reduces alcohol-related steatosis and fibrosis in the liver by reducing lipid accumulation, stimulating autophagy, modulating inflammation, reducing oxidative stress, and by inducing death of activated hepatic stellate cells. Finally, CBD reduces alcohol-related brain damage, preventing neuronal loss by its antioxidant and immunomodulatory properties. Conclusions: CBD could directly reduce alcohol drinking in subjects with AUD. Any other applications warrant human trials in this population. By reducing alcohol-related steatosis processes in the liver, and alcohol-related brain damage, CBD could improve both hepatic and neurocognitive outcomes in subjects with AUD, regardless of the individual's drinking trajectory. This might pave the way for testing new harm reduction approaches in AUD, in order to protect the organs of subjects with an ongoing AUD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia De Ternay
- Service Universitaire d’Addictologie de Lyon (SUAL), Bron, France
| | - Mickaël Naassila
- Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Centre Universitaire de Recherche en Santé, INSERM UMR 1247, Groupe de Recherche sur l’Alcool & les Pharmacodépendances, Amiens, France
| | | | - Alexandre Louvet
- Service des maladies de l’appareil digestif, CHU Lille, Universitéde Lille and INSERM U995, Lille, France
| | - François Bailly
- Service d’Addictologie et d’Hépatologie, GHN, HCL, Lyon, France
| | - Guillaume Sescousse
- Université de Lyon, UCBL, Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon (CRNL), Inserm U1028, CNRS UMR5292, PSYR2, Bron, France
| | - Pierre Maurage
- Laboratory for Experimental Psychopathology (LEP), Psychological Science Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Olivier Cottencin
- CHU de Lille, Université Lille, service d’addictologie, CNRS, UMR 9193, SCALab, équipe psyCHIC, Lille, France
| | - Patrizia Maria Carrieri
- INSERM, UMR_S 912, Sciences Economiques & Sociales de la Santé et Traitement de l’Information Médicale (SESSTIM), Marseille, France
| | - Benjamin Rolland
- Service Universitaire d’Addictologie de Lyon (SUAL), Bron, France
- Université de Lyon, UCBL, Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon (CRNL), Inserm U1028, CNRS UMR5292, PSYR2, Bron, France
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Cannella N, Ubaldi M, Masi A, Bramucci M, Roberto M, Bifone A, Ciccocioppo R. Building better strategies to develop new medications in Alcohol Use Disorder: Learning from past success and failure to shape a brighter future. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2019; 103:384-398. [PMID: 31112713 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Revised: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) is a chronic disease that develops over the years. The complexity of the neurobiological processes contributing to the emergence of AUD and the neuroadaptive changes occurring during disease progression make it difficult to improve treatments. On the other hand, this complexity offers researchers the possibility to explore new targets. Over years of intense research several molecules were tested in AUD; in most cases, despite promising preclinical data, the clinical efficacy appeared insufficient to justify futher development. A prototypical example is that of corticotropin releasing factor type 1 receptor (CRF1R) antagonists that showed significant effectiveness in animal models of AUD but were largely ineffective in humans. The present article attempts to analyze the most recent venues in the development of new medications in AUD with a focus on the most promising drug targets under current exploration. Moreover, we delineate the importance of using a more integrated translational framework approach to correlate preclinical findings and early clinical data to enhance the probability to validate biological targets of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazzareno Cannella
- School of Pharmacy, Pharmacology Unit, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Massimo Ubaldi
- School of Pharmacy, Pharmacology Unit, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Alessio Masi
- School of Pharmacy, Pharmacology Unit, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Massimo Bramucci
- School of Pharmacy, Pharmacology Unit, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Marisa Roberto
- The Scripps Research Institute, Department of Neuroscience, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Angelo Bifone
- Center for Neuroscience and Cognitive Systems @UniTn, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Corso Bettini 31, 38068 Rovereto, Italy; Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Science, University of Torino, Italy
| | - Roberto Ciccocioppo
- School of Pharmacy, Pharmacology Unit, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy.
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Chumin EJ, Grecco GG, Dzemidzic M, Cheng H, Finn P, Sporns O, Newman SD, Yoder KK. Alterations in White Matter Microstructure and Connectivity in Young Adults with Alcohol Use Disorder. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2019; 43:1170-1179. [PMID: 30977902 DOI: 10.1111/acer.14048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies have shown differences in volume and structure in the brains of individuals with alcohol use disorder (AUD). Most research has focused on neuropathological effects of alcohol that appear after years of chronic alcohol misuse. However, few studies have investigated white matter (WM) microstructure and diffusion MRI-based (DWI) connectivity during early stages of AUD. Therefore, the goal of this work was to investigate WM integrity and structural connectivity in emerging adulthood AUD subjects using both conventional DWI metrics and a novel connectomics approach. METHODS Twenty-two AUD and 18 controls (CON) underwent anatomic and diffusion MRI. Outcome measures were scalar diffusion metrics and structural network connectomes. Tract-Based Spatial Statistics was used to investigate group differences in diffusion measures. Structural connectomes were used as input into a community structure procedure to obtain a coclassification index matrix (an indicator of community association strength) for each subject. Differences in coclassification and structural connectivity (indexed by streamline density) were assessed via the Network Based Statistics Toolbox. RESULTS AUD had higher fractional anisotropy (FA) values throughout the major WM tracts, but also had lower FA values in WM tracts in the cerebellum and right insula (pTFCE < 0.05). Mean diffusivity was generally lower in the AUD group (pTFCE < 0.05). AUD had lower coclassification of nodes between ventral attention and default mode networks and higher coclassification between nodes of visual, default mode, and somatomotor networks. Additionally, AUD had higher fiber density between an adjacent pair of nodes within the default mode network. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that emerging adulthood AUD subjects may have differential patterns of FA and distinct differences in structural connectomes compared with CON. These data suggest that such alterations in microstructure and structural connectivity may uniquely characterize early stages of AUD and/or a predisposition for development of AUD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evgeny J Chumin
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana.,Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Gregory G Grecco
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana.,Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana.,Medical Scientist Training Program, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Mario Dzemidzic
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana.,Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana.,Department of Neurology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Hu Cheng
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana.,Program in Neuroscience, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana
| | - Peter Finn
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana
| | - Olaf Sporns
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana.,Program in Neuroscience, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana
| | - Sharlene D Newman
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana.,Program in Neuroscience, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana
| | - Karmen K Yoder
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana.,Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana.,Department of Psychology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana
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81
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Behavioral and stereological analysis of the prefrontal cortex of rats submitted to chronic alcohol intake. Behav Brain Res 2019; 362:21-27. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2019.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Revised: 12/27/2018] [Accepted: 01/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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82
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Peterson ET, Kwon D, Luna B, Larsen B, Prouty D, De Bellis MD, Voyvodic J, Liu C, Li W, Pohl KM, Sullivan EV, Pfefferbaum A. Distribution of brain iron accrual in adolescence: Evidence from cross-sectional and longitudinal analysis. Hum Brain Mapp 2019; 40:1480-1495. [PMID: 30496644 PMCID: PMC6397094 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.24461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Revised: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
To track iron accumulation and location in the brain across adolescence, we repurposed diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data acquired in 513 adolescents and validated iron estimates with quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) in 104 of these subjects. DTI and fMRI data were acquired longitudinally over 1 year in 245 male and 268 female, no-to-low alcohol-consuming adolescents (12-21 years at baseline) from the National Consortium on Alcohol and NeuroDevelopment in Adolescence (NCANDA) study. Brain region average signal values were calculated for susceptibility to nonheme iron deposition: pallidum, putamen, dentate nucleus, red nucleus, and substantia nigra. To estimate nonheme iron, the corpus callosum signal (robust to iron effects) was divided by regional signals to generate estimated R2 (edwR2 for DTI) and R2 * (eR2 * for fMRI). Longitudinal iron deposition was measured using the normalized signal change across time for each subject. Validation using baseline QSM, derived from susceptibility-weighted imaging, was performed on 46 male and 58 female participants. Normalized iron deposition estimates from DTI and fMRI correlated with age in most regions; both estimates indicated less iron in boys than girls. QSM results correlated highly with DTI and fMRI results (adjusted R2 = 0.643 for DTI, 0.578 for fMRI). Cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses indicated an initial rapid increase in iron, notably in the putamen and red nucleus, that slowed with age. DTI and fMRI data can be repurposed for identifying regional brain iron deposition in developing adolescents as validated with high correspondence with QSM.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dongjin Kwon
- Neuroscience ProgramSRI InternationalMenlo ParkCalifornia
- Psychiatry & Behavioral SciencesStanford UniversityStanfordCalifornia
| | - Beatriz Luna
- PsychologyUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPennsylvania
- Center for the Neural Basis of CognitionPittsburghPennsylvania
- Western Psychiatric Institute and ClinicUniversity of Pittsburgh Medical CenterPittsburghPennsylvania
| | - Bart Larsen
- PsychologyUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPennsylvania
- Center for the Neural Basis of CognitionPittsburghPennsylvania
| | - Devin Prouty
- Neuroscience ProgramSRI InternationalMenlo ParkCalifornia
| | - Michael D. De Bellis
- Healthy Childhood Brain Development Research Program, Psychiatry & Behavioral SciencesDuke UniversityDurhamNorth Carolina
- Brain Imaging & Analyses CenterDuke UniversityDurhamNorth Carolina
| | - James Voyvodic
- Brain Imaging & Analyses CenterDuke UniversityDurhamNorth Carolina
| | - Chunlei Liu
- Brain Imaging & Analyses CenterDuke UniversityDurhamNorth Carolina
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer SciencesUniversity of CaliforniaBerkeleyCalifornia
- Helen Wills Neuroscience InstituteUniversity of CaliforniaBerkeleyCalifornia
| | - Wei Li
- Brain Imaging & Analyses CenterDuke UniversityDurhamNorth Carolina
| | - Kilian M. Pohl
- Neuroscience ProgramSRI InternationalMenlo ParkCalifornia
| | - Edith V. Sullivan
- Psychiatry & Behavioral SciencesStanford UniversityStanfordCalifornia
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83
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Uhlmann A, Bandelow B, Stein DJ, Bloch S, Engel KR, Havemann-Reinecke U, Wedekind D. Grey matter structural differences in alcohol-dependent individuals with and without comorbid depression/anxiety-an MRI study. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2019; 269:285-294. [PMID: 29372325 DOI: 10.1007/s00406-018-0870-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Although depression and anxiety disorders are common comorbid conditions in alcohol dependence, few structural brain imaging studies have compared alcohol-dependent subjects with and without such comorbidity. In the current study, brain scans of 35 alcohol-dependent with and 40 individuals without diagnosis of a comorbid ICD-10 depressive or anxiety disorder receiving detoxification inpatient treatment were evaluated. Thickness and volumes of automatically segmented neuroanatomical structures were measured in FreeSurfer. Furthermore, associations of brain structure with biological markers and clinical severity markers of alcohol dependence were assessed. Despite comparable addiction severity, the non-comorbid group had evidence of higher cytotoxic effects of alcohol use on hepatic and haematological markers, and showed significantly smaller volumes of total cerebral, and cerebellar grey matter. Similarly, they showed unexpected smaller hippocampal and nucleus accumbens volumes, and thinner frontal, temporal and occipital cortices. Smaller brain volumes correlated with increased markers of hepatic and haematological dysfunction, and with longer duration of alcohol dependence in the non-comorbid group. Evidence of higher biomarkers of alcohol use may be indicative of more severe alcohol dependence or higher vulnerability to ethanol toxicity in this group. Furthermore, psychopathology-related drug treatment, which occurred in 53% of the comorbid group over the recent years, or tissue inflammation may have a moderate effect on the grade of cerebral atrophy in alcohol-dependent patients. Longitudinal studies are needed to investigate this issue more fully.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Uhlmann
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.,Department of Psychiatry, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - B Bandelow
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Centre, University of Goettingen, von-Siebold-Strasse 5, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
| | - D J Stein
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - S Bloch
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Centre, University of Goettingen, von-Siebold-Strasse 5, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
| | - K R Engel
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Centre, University of Goettingen, von-Siebold-Strasse 5, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
| | - U Havemann-Reinecke
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Centre, University of Goettingen, von-Siebold-Strasse 5, 37075, Göttingen, Germany.,Centre of Nanomicroscopy and Molecular Biology of the Brain, CNMPB, Goettingen University Medical Centre, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Dirk Wedekind
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Centre, University of Goettingen, von-Siebold-Strasse 5, 37075, Göttingen, Germany.
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84
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Lannoy S, Billieux J, Dormal V, Maurage P. Behavioral and Cerebral Impairments Associated with Binge Drinking in Youth: A Critical Review. Psychol Belg 2019; 59:116-155. [PMID: 31328014 PMCID: PMC6625552 DOI: 10.5334/pb.476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Binge drinking is a widespread alcohol consumption pattern in youth that is linked to important behavioral and cerebral impairments, in both the short and the long term. From a critical review of the current literature on this topic, we conclude that binge drinkers display executive impairments, cerebral modifications, and problems with emotion-related processes. Five key empirical and theoretical topics are discussed to pave the way for future research in the field: (1) the specificity of the brain modifications observed in binge drinkers that may index a compensatory mechanism or result from multiple withdrawals; (2) the nature of the relationship between binge drinking and impairments, suggesting reciprocal influences between excessive alcohol consumption and executive deficits; (3) the possible recovery of brain and cognitive functioning after the cessation of binge drinking; (4) the validity of the continuum hypothesis, suggesting links between binge drinking and severe alcohol use disorders; and (5) the existing strategies to reduce binge drinking habits or rehabilitate the associated cognitive deficits. Future perspectives are described in relation to the questions raised to identify the crucial variables to be addressed in research and clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Séverine Lannoy
- Cognition Health Society Laboratory (C2S – EA 6291), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, FR
- Laboratory for Experimental Psychopathology (LEP), Psychological Science Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, BE
| | - Joël Billieux
- Addictive and Compulsive Behaviours Lab (ACB-Lab), Institute for Health and Behaviour, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, LU
| | - Valérie Dormal
- Laboratory for Experimental Psychopathology (LEP), Psychological Science Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, BE
| | - Pierre Maurage
- Laboratory for Experimental Psychopathology (LEP), Psychological Science Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, BE
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85
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Shim JH, Kim YT, Kim S, Baek HM. Volumetric Reductions of Subcortical Structures and Their Localizations in Alcohol-Dependent Patients. Front Neurol 2019; 10:247. [PMID: 30941093 PMCID: PMC6433880 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2019.00247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Changes in brain morphometry have been extensively reported in various studies examining the effects of chronic alcohol use in alcohol-dependent patients. Such studies were able to confirm the association between chronic alcohol use and volumetric reductions in subcortical structures using FSL (FMRIB software library). However, each study that utilized FSL had different sets of subcortical structures that showed significant volumetric reduction. First, we aimed to investigate the reproducibility of using FSL to assess volumetric differences of subcortical structures between alcohol-dependent patients and control subjects. Second, we aimed to use Vertex analysis, a less utilized program, to visually inspect 3D meshes of subcortical structures and observe significant shape abnormalities that occurred in each subcortical structure. Vertex analysis results from the hippocampus and thalamus were overlaid on top of their respective subregional atlases to further pinpoint the subregional locations where shape abnormalities occurred. We analyzed the volumes of 14 subcortical structures (bilateral thalamus, caudate, putamen, globus pallidus, hippocampus, amygdala, nucleus accumbens) in 21 alcohol-dependent subjects and 21 healthy controls using images acquired with 3T MRI. The images were run through various programs found in FSL, such as SIENAX, FIRST, and Vertex analysis. We found that in alcohol-dependent patients, the bilateral thalamus (left: p < 0.01, right: p = 0.01), bilateral putamen (left: p = 0.02, right: p < 0.01), right globus pallidus (p < 0.01), bilateral hippocampus (left: p = 0.05, right: p = 0.03) and bilateral nucleus accumbens (left: p = 0.05, right: p = 0.03) were significantly reduced compared to the corresponding subcortical structures of healthy controls. With vertex analysis, we observed surface reductions of the following hippocampal subfields: Presubiculum, hippocampal tail, hippocampal molecular layer, hippocampal fissure, fimbria, and CA3. We reproduced the assessment made in previous studies that reductions in subcortical volume were negatively associated with alcohol dependence by using the FMRIB Software Library. In addition, we identified the subfields of the thalamus and hippocampus that showed volumetric reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Hyuk Shim
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, GAIHST, Gachon University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Yong-Tae Kim
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, GAIHST, Gachon University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Siekyeong Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Hyeon-Man Baek
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, GAIHST, Gachon University, Incheon, South Korea
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86
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Mackey S, Algaier N, Chaarani B, Spechler P, Orr C, Bunn J, Allen NB, Alia-Klein N, Batalla A, Blaine S, Brooks S, Caparelli E, Chye YY, Cousijn J, Dagher A, Desrivieres S, Feldstein-Ewing S, Foxe JJ, Goldstein RZ, Goudriaan AE, Heitzeg MM, Hester R, Hutchison K, Korucuoglu O, Li CSR, London E, Lorenzetti V, Luijten M, Martin-Santos R, May A, Momenan R, Morales A, Paulus MP, Pearlson G, Rouseau ME, Salmeron BJ, Schluter R, Schmaal L, Schumann G, Sjoerds Z, Stein DJ, Stein EA, Sinha R, Solowij N, Tapert S, Uhlmann A, Veltman D, van Holst R, Wittle S, Wright MJ, Yucel M, Zhang S, Yurgelun-Todd D, Hibar DP, Jahanshad N, Evans A, Thompson PM, Glahn DC, Conrod P, Garavan H. Mega-Analysis of Gray Matter Volume in Substance Dependence: General and Substance-Specific Regional Effects. Am J Psychiatry 2019; 176:119-128. [PMID: 30336705 PMCID: PMC6427822 DOI: 10.1176/appi.ajp.2018.17040415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Although lower brain volume has been routinely observed in individuals with substance dependence compared with nondependent control subjects, the brain regions exhibiting lower volume have not been consistent across studies. In addition, it is not clear whether a common set of regions are involved in substance dependence regardless of the substance used or whether some brain volume effects are substance specific. Resolution of these issues may contribute to the identification of clinically relevant imaging biomarkers. Using pooled data from 14 countries, the authors sought to identify general and substance-specific associations between dependence and regional brain volumes. METHOD Brain structure was examined in a mega-analysis of previously published data pooled from 23 laboratories, including 3,240 individuals, 2,140 of whom had substance dependence on one of five substances: alcohol, nicotine, cocaine, methamphetamine, or cannabis. Subcortical volume and cortical thickness in regions defined by FreeSurfer were compared with nondependent control subjects when all sampled substance categories were combined, as well as separately, while controlling for age, sex, imaging site, and total intracranial volume. Because of extensive associations with alcohol dependence, a secondary contrast was also performed for dependence on all substances except alcohol. An optimized split-half strategy was used to assess the reliability of the findings. RESULTS Lower volume or thickness was observed in many brain regions in individuals with substance dependence. The greatest effects were associated with alcohol use disorder. A set of affected regions related to dependence in general, regardless of the substance, included the insula and the medial orbitofrontal cortex. Furthermore, a support vector machine multivariate classification of regional brain volumes successfully classified individuals with substance dependence on alcohol or nicotine relative to nondependent control subjects. CONCLUSIONS The results indicate that dependence on a range of different substances shares a common neural substrate and that differential patterns of regional volume could serve as useful biomarkers of dependence on alcohol and nicotine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott Mackey
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington VT, USA
| | - Nicholas Algaier
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington VT, USA
| | - Bader Chaarani
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington VT, USA
| | - Philip Spechler
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington VT, USA
| | - Catherine Orr
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington VT, USA
| | - Janice Bunn
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Vermont, Burlington VT, USA
| | - Nicholas B. Allen
- Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, Parkville, Australia,Department of Psychology, University of Oregon, Eugene OR, USA,Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Nelly Alia-Klein
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City NY, USA
| | - Albert Batalla
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain,Department of Psychiatry, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Sara Blaine
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven CT, USA
| | - Samantha Brooks
- Department of Psychiatry and MRC Unit on Anxiety & Stress Disorders, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Elisabeth Caparelli
- Neuroimaging Research Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Baltimore, USA
| | - Yann Ying Chye
- Monash Institute of Cognitive and Clinical Neurosciences & School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Janna Cousijn
- Departments of Developmental and Experimental Psychology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Alain Dagher
- Brain Imaging Center, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal QC, Canada
| | - Sylvane Desrivieres
- Centre for Population Neuroscience and Precision Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
| | | | - John J. Foxe
- Department of Neuroscience & The Ernest J. Del Monte Institute for Neuroscience, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester NY, USA
| | - Rita Z. Goldstein
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City NY, USA
| | - Anna E. Goudriaan
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands,Amsterdam Institute for Addiction Research & Arkin Mental Health Care, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mary M. Heitzeg
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor MI, USA
| | - Robert Hester
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Kent Hutchison
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, USA
| | - Ozlem Korucuoglu
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis MO, USA
| | - Chiang-Shan R. Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven CT, USA
| | - Edythe London
- David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Valentina Lorenzetti
- Monash Institute of Cognitive and Clinical Neurosciences & School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia,School of Psychology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia,Department of Psycological Sciences, the University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Maartje Luijten
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Rocio Martin-Santos
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - April May
- Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, San Diego State University/University of California, San Diego, USA
| | - Reza Momenan
- Clinical NeuroImaging Research Core, Division of Intramural Clinical and Biological Research, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda MD, USA
| | - Angelica Morales
- David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Martin P. Paulus
- VA San Diego Healthcare System and Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, USA,Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa OK, USA
| | - Godfrey Pearlson
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven CT, USA
| | - Marc-Etienne Rouseau
- Brain Imaging Center, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal QC, Canada
| | - Betty Jo Salmeron
- Neuroimaging Research Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Baltimore, USA
| | - Renée Schluter
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Lianne Schmaal
- Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, Parkville, Australia,Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Gunter Schumann
- Centre for Population Neuroscience and Precision Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Zsuzsika Sjoerds
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany,Institute of Psychology, Cognitive Psychology Unit & Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Dan J. Stein
- Department of Psychiatry and MRC Unit on Anxiety & Stress Disorders, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Elliot A. Stein
- Neuroimaging Research Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Baltimore, USA
| | - Rajita Sinha
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven CT, USA
| | - Nadia Solowij
- School of Psychology and Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
| | - Susan Tapert
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, USA
| | - Anne Uhlmann
- Department of Psychiatry and MRC Unit on Anxiety & Stress Disorders, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Dick Veltman
- Department of Psychiatry, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ruth van Holst
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Sarah Wittle
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia,Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - Murat Yucel
- Monash Institute of Cognitive and Clinical Neurosciences & School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia,Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Sheng Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven CT, USA
| | - Deborah Yurgelun-Todd
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City UT, USA
| | - Derrek P. Hibar
- Imaging Genetics Center, Department of Neurology Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, USA
| | - Neda Jahanshad
- Imaging Genetics Center, Department of Neurology Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, USA
| | - Alan Evans
- Brain Imaging Center, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal QC, Canada
| | - Paul M. Thompson
- Imaging Genetics Center, Department of Neurology Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, USA
| | - David C. Glahn
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven CT, USA
| | - Patricia Conrod
- Department of Psychiatry, Université de Montreal, CHU Ste Justine Hospital, Montreal QC, Canada
| | - Hugh Garavan
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington VT, USA
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Alcohol use has been identified as a risk factor for dementia and cognitive decline. However, some patterns of drinking have been associated with beneficial effects. METHODS AND RESULTS To clarify the relationship between alcohol use and dementia, we conducted a scoping review based on a systematic search of systematic reviews published from January 2000 to October 2017 by using Medline, Embase, and PsycINFO. Overall, 28 systematic reviews were identified: 20 on the associations between the level of alcohol use and the incidence of cognitive impairment/dementia, six on the associations between dimensions of alcohol use and specific brain functions, and two on induced dementias. Although causality could not be established, light to moderate alcohol use in middle to late adulthood was associated with a decreased risk of cognitive impairment and dementia. Heavy alcohol use was associated with changes in brain structures, cognitive impairments, and an increased risk of all types of dementia. CONCLUSION Reducing heavy alcohol use may be an effective dementia prevention strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jürgen Rehm
- Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, CAMH, 33 Russell Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 2S1 Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, 27 King’s College Circle, Toronto, M5S 1A1 Ontario Canada
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, CAMH, 250 College Street, Toronto, M5T 1R8 Ontario Canada
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Medical Sciences Building, 1 King’s College Circle, Toronto, M5S 1A8 Ontario Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, 250 College Street, Toronto, M5T 1R8 Ontario Canada
- Institute for Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Technische Universität Dresden, Chemnitzer Str. 46, Dresden, 01187 Germany
| | - Omer S. M. Hasan
- Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, CAMH, 33 Russell Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 2S1 Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, 27 King’s College Circle, Toronto, M5S 1A1 Ontario Canada
| | - Sandra E. Black
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Medical Sciences Building, 1 King’s College Circle, Toronto, M5S 1A8 Ontario Canada
- Department of Medicine (Neurology), Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre and University of Toronto, 2075 Bayview Avenue, Toronto, M4N 3M5 Ontario Canada
- Hurvitz Brain Sciences Research Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, M4N 3M5 Ontario Canada
| | - Kevin D. Shield
- Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, CAMH, 33 Russell Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 2S1 Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, 27 King’s College Circle, Toronto, M5S 1A1 Ontario Canada
| | - Michaël Schwarzinger
- Translational Health Economics Network (THEN), 39 quai de Valmy, Paris, 75010 Paris France
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Sariah A, Liu Z, Pu W, Liu H, Xue Z, Huang X. Structural and Functional Alterations in Betel-Quid Chewers: A Systematic Review of Neuroimaging Findings. Front Psychiatry 2019; 10:16. [PMID: 30761025 PMCID: PMC6361845 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: A number of neuroimaging studies have investigated structural, metabolic, and functional connectivity changes in betel quid (BQ) chewers. We present a systematic review of neuroimaging studies with emphasis on key brain systems affected by BQ chewing to bring a better understanding on the neuro mechanisms involved in BQD. Methods: All BQ neuroimaging studies were identified by searching PubMed, EMBASE, and Google scholar for English articles published until March 2018 using the key words: Betel-quid, resting state, functional MRI, structural MRI, diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), and betel quid dependence basing on the PRISMA criteria. We also sought unpublished studies, and the rest were obtained from reference lists of the retrieved articles. All neuroimaging studies investigating brain structural, and functional alterations related to BQ chewing and BQ dependence were included. Our systematic review registration number is CRD42018092669. Results: A review of 12 studies showed that several systems in the brain of BQ chewers exhibited structural, metabolic, and functional alterations. BQ chewing was associated with alterations in the reward [areas in the midbrain, and prefrontal cortex (PFC)], impulsivity (anterior cingulate cortex, PFC) and cognitive (PFC, the default mode, frontotemporal, frontoparietal, occipital/temporal, occipital/parietal, temporal/limbic networks, hippocampal/hypothalamus, and the cerebellum) systems in the brain. BQ duration and severity of betel quid dependence were associated with majority of alterations in BQ chewers. Conclusion: Betel quid chewing is associated with brain alterations in structure, metabolism and function in the cognitive, reward, and impulsivity circuits which are greatly influenced by duration and severity of betel quid dependence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adellah Sariah
- Mental Health Institute of the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Department of Mental Health and Psychiatric Nursing, Hubert Kairuki Memorial University, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Zhening Liu
- Mental Health Institute of the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Weidan Pu
- Medical Psychological Institute, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Haihong Liu
- Mental Health Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhimin Xue
- Mental Health Institute of the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaojun Huang
- Mental Health Institute of the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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89
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Kelly JF, Claire Greene M. The reality of drinking and drug using dreams: A study of the prevalence, predictors, and decay with time in recovery in a national sample of U.S. adults. J Subst Abuse Treat 2019; 96:12-17. [PMID: 30466542 PMCID: PMC6261528 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsat.2018.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Revised: 10/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The meaning of unconscious dreaming has been assigned varying degrees of historical significance throughout the ages and across different cultures including in major psychological theories of psychopathology. While dreams' meaning and implications have remained controversial, not disputed is the occurrence of drinking/drug-using dreams (DDUD) when people enter recovery from a significant alcohol and other drug (AOD) problem. Typically taking the form of a relapse scenario followed by relief on awakening, such dreams can be profoundly unnerving. Beyond common anecdotal reports of these phenomena, however, very little is known about the prevalence, predictors, and decay of such dreams with time in recovery. Greater knowledge could help inform patients and providers about what to anticipate in recovery. METHOD Nationally-representative cross-sectional study of US adults (N = 39,093) who had resolved a significant AOD problem (weighted n = 2002). MEASURES DDUD prevalence/time since last DDUD; demographics; measures of clinical history. RESULTS Approximately one third (31.9%) reported experiencing DDUD which were predicted by more severe clinical history variables (earlier age of onset; prior treatment/mutual-help participation). A significant linear decay of DDUD occurrence was observed with time in recovery. CONCLUSIONS DDUD appear to occur among a substantial minority of US adults resolving significant AOD problems and are related to a more pronounced and deleterious AOD history. DDUD attenuate in frequency over time in recovery which plausibly may be indicative of increased biopsychosocial stability that reduces neurocognitive reverberation and psychological angst regarding relapse risk. Further prospective research is needed to understand the frequency, topography, content variability, and influence such dreams may have on intermediate (e.g., abstinence self-efficacy) and ultimate (substance use) outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- John F Kelly
- MGH Recovery Research Institute, Center for Addiction Medicine, 151 Merrimac Street, 6th Floor, Boston, MA 02114, United States of America.
| | - M Claire Greene
- Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, United States of America
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90
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Béracochéa D, Mons N, David V. Targeting the Glucocorticoid Receptors During Alcohol Withdrawal to Reduce Protracted Neurocognitive Disorders. Front Psychiatry 2019; 10:580. [PMID: 31620025 PMCID: PMC6759466 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Persistent regional glucocorticoid (GC) dysregulation in alcohol-withdrawn subjects emerges as a key factor responsible for protracted molecular and neural alterations associated with long-term cognitive dysfunction. Regional brain concentrations of corticosterone vary independently from plasma concentrations in alcohol-withdrawn subjects, which may account for the treatment of alcohol withdrawal-induced persistent pathology. Thus, from a pharmacological point of view, a main issue remains to determine the relative efficacy of compounds targeting the GC receptors to attenuate or suppress the long-lasting persistence of brain regional GC dysfunctions in abstinent alcoholics, as well as persistent changes of neural plasticity. Data from animal research show that acting directly on GC receptors during the withdrawal period, via selective antagonists, can significantly counteract the development and persistence of cognitive and neural plasticity disorders during protracted abstinence. A critical remaining issue is to better assess the relative long-term efficacy of GC antagonists and other compounds targeting the corticotropic axis activity such as gamma-aminobutyric acid A (GABAA) and GABAB agonists. Indeed, benzodiazepines (acting indirectly on GABAA receptors) and baclofen (agonist of the GABAB receptor) are the compounds most widely used to reduce alcohol dependence. Clinical and preclinical data suggest that baclofen exerts an effective and more powerful counteracting action on such persistent cognitive and endocrine dysfunctions as compared to diazepam, even though its potential negative effects on memory processes, particularly at high doses, should be better taken into account.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Béracochéa
- Université de Bordeaux, Institut de Neurosciences Cognitives et Intégratives d'Aquitaine, Pessac, France.,CNRS UMR 5287, Institut de Neurosciences Cognitives et Intégratives d'Aquitaine, Pessac, France
| | - Nicole Mons
- Université de Bordeaux, Institut de Neurosciences Cognitives et Intégratives d'Aquitaine, Pessac, France.,CNRS UMR 5287, Institut de Neurosciences Cognitives et Intégratives d'Aquitaine, Pessac, France
| | - Vincent David
- Université de Bordeaux, Institut de Neurosciences Cognitives et Intégratives d'Aquitaine, Pessac, France.,CNRS UMR 5287, Institut de Neurosciences Cognitives et Intégratives d'Aquitaine, Pessac, France
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91
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Defining the place of habit in substance use disorders. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2018; 87:22-32. [PMID: 28663112 PMCID: PMC5748018 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2017.06.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2017] [Revised: 06/23/2017] [Accepted: 06/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
It has long been suggested that alcohol or substance use disorders could emerge from the progressive development and dominance of drug habits. Like habits, drug-related behaviors are often triggered by drug-associated cues. Like habits, addictive behaviors are strong, rigid and "hard to break". Like habits, these behaviors are insensitive to their outcome and persist despite negative consequences. "Pathological habit" thus appears as a good candidate to explain the transition to compulsive drug use. However, drug use could also be considered as a goal-directed choice, driven by the expectation of drug outcomes. For example, drug addicts may engage in drug-seeking behaviors because they view the drug as more valuable than available alternatives. Substance use disorders therefore may not be all about habit, nor fully intentional, and could be considered as resulting from an imbalance between goal-directed and habitual control. The main objective of this review is to disentangle the relative contribution of habit formation and impairment of goal-directed behavior in this unbalanced control of addictive behaviors. Although deficits in goal-directed behavior have been demonstrated in alcohol and substance use disorders, reliable demonstration of abnormal habit formation has been curtailed by the paucity of paradigms designed to assess habit as a positive result. Refining our animal and human model of habit is therefore required to precisely define the place of habit in substance use disorders and develop appropriate and adapted neurobehavioral treatments.
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92
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Lee SB, Chung S, Lee H, Seo JS. The Mutual Relationship Between Men's Drinking and Depression: A 4-Year Longitudinal Analysis. Alcohol Alcohol 2018; 53:597-602. [PMID: 29562310 DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agy003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims The purpose of the current study was to examine the longitudinal reciprocal relationship between depression and drinking among male adults from the general population. Methods This study used a panel dataset from the Korean Welfare Panel (from 2011 to 2014). The subjects were 2511 male adults aged between 20 and 65 years. Based on the Korean Version of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT-K) scores, 2191 subjects were categorized as the control group (AUDIT-K < 12) and 320 subjects were categorized as the problem drinking group (AUDIT-K ≥ 12). An autoregressive cross-lagged modelling analysis was performed to investigate the mutual relationship between problem drinking and depression measured consecutively over time. Results The results indicated that alcohol drinking and depression were stable over time. In the control group, there was no significant causal relationship between problem drinking and depression while in the problem drinking group, drinking in the previous year significantly influenced depression in the following second, third and fourth years. Conclusion This study compared normal versus problem drinkers and showed a 4-year mutual causal relationship between depression and drinking. No longitudinal interaction between drinking and depression occurred in normal drinkers, while drinking intensified depression over time in problem drinkers. Short summary This study found that problem drinking was a risk factor for development of depression. Therefore, more attention should be given to problem alcohol use in the general population and evaluation of past alcohol use history in patients with depressive disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo Bi Lee
- Department of Social Welfare, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sulki Chung
- Department of Social Welfare, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - HaeKook Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, The Catholic University of Korea, Uijeongbu St. Mary's Hospital, 271 Cheonbo-ro, Uijeongbu-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Seok Seo
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, 82 Gukwondae-ro, Chungju, Republic of Korea
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93
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Zou Y, Murray DE, Durazzo TC, Schmidt TP, Murray TA, Meyerhoff DJ. White matter microstructural correlates of relapse in alcohol dependence. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 2018; 281:92-100. [PMID: 30273793 PMCID: PMC6204088 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2018.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2017] [Revised: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Identification of neural correlates of relapse to alcohol after treatment is clinically important as it may inform better substance abuse treatment. Few studies have specifically analyzed the white matter microstructure in treatment seekers as it might relate to relapse risk versus long-term abstinence. Using 4 Tesla diffusion tensor imaging, we compared two groups of one-month-abstinent treatment-seekers, who were classified based on their drinking status between six and nine months after treatment initiation. We hypothesized that subsequent relapsers had greater white matter microstructural deficits in specific brain regions than long-term abstainers. At one month of abstinence, 37 future relapsers versus 25 future abstainers had lower fractional anisotropy (a measure of axonal organization and membrane integrity) in the corpus callosum and right stria terminalis/fornix, higher diffusivity in the genu of the corpus callosum, left and right stria terminalis/fornix, and lower diffusivity in left anterior corona radiata. These differences existed despite similar lifetime and recent drinking and smoking histories in the groups. Longer smoking duration in relapsers was associated with lower fractional anisotropy in right stria terminalis/fornix. The study identified specific microstructural biomarkers of alcohol relapse risk in adults, contributing to the definition of a neurobiological relapse risk profile in alcohol use disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukai Zou
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47906, United States; College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47906, United States
| | - Donna E Murray
- Center for Imaging of Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIND), San Francisco VA Medical Center, San Francisco, CA 94121, United States; Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, United States
| | - Timothy C Durazzo
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, United States; Mental Illness Research Mental Illness Research and Education Clinical Centers, Sierra-Pacific War Related Illness and Injury Study Center, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304, United States
| | - Thomas P Schmidt
- Center for Imaging of Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIND), San Francisco VA Medical Center, San Francisco, CA 94121, United States
| | - Troy A Murray
- Center for Imaging of Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIND), San Francisco VA Medical Center, San Francisco, CA 94121, United States
| | - Dieter J Meyerhoff
- Center for Imaging of Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIND), San Francisco VA Medical Center, San Francisco, CA 94121, United States; Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, United States.
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94
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Cookey J, Crocker CE, Bernier D, Newman AJ, Stewart S, McAllindon D, Tibbo PG. Microstructural Findings in White Matter Associated with Cannabis and Alcohol Use in Early-Phase Psychosis: A Diffusion Tensor Imaging and Relaxometry Study. Brain Connect 2018; 8:567-576. [PMID: 30417651 DOI: 10.1089/brain.2018.0611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence suggests that brain white matter (WM) abnormalities may be central to the pathophysiology of psychotic disorders. In addition, there is evidence that cannabis use and alcohol use each is associated with WM abnormalities. However, there are very limited data on the effects of these substances on WM microstructure in patients with psychosis, especially for those at the early phase of illness. This project aimed to examine the impact of cannabis use and alcohol use on WM tissue in early-phase psychosis (EPP). WM was investigated in 21 patients with EPP using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and transverse relaxation time of tissue water (T2), with the primary outcomes being mean fractional anisotropy (FA) and T2. DTI analyses were performed at the full-brain level using tract-based spatial statistics with both DTI and T2 analysis done within a WM volume of interest (VOI) implicated in psychosis (containing the left superior longitudinal fasciculus). Our findings revealed that younger age of onset of regular alcohol use (more than one drink per week) was associated with lower FA values in the left thalamic radiation and left parahippocampal and left amygdalar WM. More frequent lifetime cannabis use was correlated with increased mean full-brain FA. There was no significant relationship found between FA and alcohol or cannabis use within the VOI. Relaxometry analysis revealed trend-level evidence of shortened T2 with later onset of regular alcohol use and with more frequent cannabis use. This study provides novel data demonstrating cortical and subcortical WM findings related to alcohol use in EPP and is the first to combine DTI and relaxometry, relating to this patient population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob Cookey
- 1 Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University , Halifax, Canada .,2 Nova Scotia Early Psychosis Program, Nova Scotia Health Authority (Central Zone) , Halifax, Canada
| | - Candice E Crocker
- 1 Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University , Halifax, Canada .,2 Nova Scotia Early Psychosis Program, Nova Scotia Health Authority (Central Zone) , Halifax, Canada .,3 Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Nova Scotia Health Authority , Halifax, Canada
| | - Denise Bernier
- 1 Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University , Halifax, Canada .,2 Nova Scotia Early Psychosis Program, Nova Scotia Health Authority (Central Zone) , Halifax, Canada
| | - Aaron J Newman
- 1 Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University , Halifax, Canada .,4 Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Dalhousie University , Halifax, Canada
| | - Sherry Stewart
- 1 Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University , Halifax, Canada .,4 Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Dalhousie University , Halifax, Canada
| | - David McAllindon
- 1 Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University , Halifax, Canada .,5 Biomedical Translational Imaging Center , IWK Health Centre, Halifax, Canada
| | - Philip G Tibbo
- 1 Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University , Halifax, Canada .,2 Nova Scotia Early Psychosis Program, Nova Scotia Health Authority (Central Zone) , Halifax, Canada
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95
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Durazzo TC, Meyerhoff DJ, Yoder KK. Cigarette smoking is associated with cortical thinning in anterior frontal regions, insula and regions showing atrophy in early Alzheimer's Disease. Drug Alcohol Depend 2018; 192:277-284. [PMID: 30300802 PMCID: PMC6602071 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2018.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Revised: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Magnetic resonance imaging studies of cigarette smoking-related effects on human brain structure primarily focused on cortical volumes. Much less is known about the effects of smoking on cortical thickness. Smokers and Non-smokers were compared on regional cortical thickness. We predicted smokers would demonstrate greater age-related thinning localized to anterior frontal regions that serve as nodes for the executive, salience, and emotional regulation networks (ESER regions) and those demonstrating significant atrophy in early Alzheimer's Disease (AD regions). METHODS Non-smokers (n = 41) and smokers (n = 41), 22-70 years of age, completed a 4 T MRI study. Regional cortical thickness was quantitated via FreeSurfer. In smokers, associations between smoking severity, decision-making, impulsivity, and regional cortical thickness were examined. RESULTS Smokers demonstrated cortical thinning in the medial and lateral OFC, insula, entorhinal, fusiform, middle temporal, and Composite AD regions. In Smokers, greater pack-years were associated with thinner lateral OFC, middle temporal, inferior parietal, fusiform, precuneus, and Composite AD regions. In Smokers, poorer decision-making/greater risk taking was related to thinner cortices in caudal ACC, rostral middle frontal and superior frontal gyri, and Composite ESER. Higher self-reported impulsivity was associated with thinner rostral and caudal ACC. CONCLUSIONS This study provides additional evidence that cigarette smoking is associated with thinner cortices in regions implicated in the development and maintenance of substance use disorders and in regions demonstrating significant atrophy in early AD. The novel structure-function relationships in Smokers further our understanding of the neurobiological substrates potentially underlying the neuropsychological abnormalities documented in smokers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy C Durazzo
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, 401 Quarry Rd., Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Mental Illness Research and Education Clinical Centers and Sierra-Pacific, War Related Illness and Injury Study Center, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, 301 Miranda Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA.
| | - Dieter J Meyerhoff
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, 505 Parnassus Ave, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; Center for Imaging of Neurodegenerative Diseases, San Francisco VA Medical Center, 4150 Clement St., 114M, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA
| | - Karmen K Yoder
- Indiana University Center for Neuroimaging, Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, 550 N. University Blvd., Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
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96
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Young SY, Kidd M, van Hoof JJM, Seedat S. Prognostic Value of Motor Timing in Treatment Outcome in Patients With Alcohol- and/or Cocaine Use Disorder in a Rehabilitation Program. Front Psychol 2018; 9:1945. [PMID: 30405472 PMCID: PMC6204653 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Individuals with Substance Use Disorder (SUD) often have cognitive deficits in multiple domains, including motor timing deficits, with recovery times of up to 1 year. Cognitive deficits influence treatment outcomes and abstinence. To our knowledge, timing deficits have not been investigated with regard to treatment outcome and relapse. Methods: This prospective study tested the prognostic value of motor timing in SUD with regard to treatment outcome. The study sample consisted of 74 abstinent in-patients at a private treatment programme for drug/alcohol dependence at the Momentum Mental Healthcare clinic in Somerset West, South Africa, diagnosed with alcohol and/or cocaine dependence. Participants were tested at three points: (i) Within 72 hours of the start of the treatment programme (ii) after completion of the treatment programme at 8 weeks (measure of treatment response) through filling out self-report questionnaires and experimental motor task testing, and (iii) a third visit followed through a telephonic interview at 12-months (measure of relapse). Results: Motor timing alone predicted 27 percent of the variance in alcohol self-efficacy score change, and 25 percent variance in cocaine self-efficacy change scores at treatment completion. Specifically, spatial errors, synchronization errors and inter- response interval errors of a spatial tapping task at baseline predicted self-efficacy in alcohol self-efficacy. Cocaine self-efficacy was predicted by spatial errors and contact times of a spatial tapping task at very high tempi (300 ms) only. The high rate of dropout at 12 months post-treatment did not allow for further analysis of the prognostic value of motor timing on relapse. Conclusions: The results of this investigation show us that motor timing holds prognostic value with regard to treatment outcomes. Motor timing predictors for relapse require further investigation going forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Yvette Young
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Martin Kidd
- Centre for Statistical Consultation, Statistics and Actuarial Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Jacques J M van Hoof
- Department of Psychiatry, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Soraya Seedat
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
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97
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Cox S, Maurage P, O'Connor R, Chandler C, Riggs K. Automatic visual-spatial perspective taking in alcohol-dependence: A study with happy emotional faces. Drug Alcohol Depend 2018; 190:42-45. [PMID: 29966852 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2018.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Revised: 04/12/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding the world from another's perspective is an important and potentially automatic human process which is crucial for efficient social interactions. However, while deficits have repeatedly been described for various interpersonal abilities in alcohol-dependence (AD), only one previous study has investigated perspective taking in this pathology. AIM The current study aimed to explore further how AD affects visual-spatial perspective taking (VSPT) by examining the effect of positive emotional stimuli on VSPT in both an AD and non-AD sample. METHODS Reaction times (RT) for simple spatial judgments were measured. Participants made these judgments from their perspective, but judgments were either congruent or incongruent with the perspective of another agent. The emotion conveyed by that agent (happy or neutral) was manipulated across trials. RESULTS Compared to baseline, both AD and non-AD groups displayed delayed RTs for spatial judgments when these were incongruent with the perspective of a happy agent (the expected VSPT RT cost, indicating automatic VSPT). The AD, but not the non-AD group, further displayed a VSPT RT cost when the agent expressed a neutral emotion. CONCLUSION There was no evidence that AD compromised automatic VSPT. However, as in previous research, AD was associated with differences in the processing of emotional stimuli. Future research should explore which 'real-world' settings are likely to trigger social confusion and misunderstanding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon Cox
- Centre for Addictive Behaviours Research, School of Applied Sciences, London South Bank University, 103 Borough Road, London, SE1 0AA, UK.
| | - Pierre Maurage
- Laboratory for Experimental Psychopathology, Psychological Sciences Research Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Place C. Mercier 10, B-1348, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Richard O'Connor
- Department of Psychology, University of Hull, Cottingham Road, Hull, HU16 4RS, UK
| | - Chris Chandler
- Department of Psychology, London Metropolitan University, Tower Building, Holloway Road, London, NT 7DT, UK
| | - Kevin Riggs
- Department of Psychology, University of Hull, Cottingham Road, Hull, HU16 4RS, UK
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98
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Willford JA, Singhabahu D, Herat A, Richardson GA. An examination of the association between prenatal cocaine exposure and brain activation measures of arousal and attention in young adults: An fMRI study using the Attention Network Task. Neurotoxicol Teratol 2018; 69:1-10. [PMID: 29953942 DOI: 10.1016/j.ntt.2018.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Revised: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Prenatal drug exposure, including cocaine, alcohol, marijuana, and tobacco, is associated with deficits in behavioral regulation and attention. Using fMRI, the objective of this study was to characterize the association between prenatal cocaine exposure (PCE) and the underlying neural substrates associated with behavioral outcomes of attention. Forty-seven young adults were recruited for this study from the ongoing Maternal Health Practices and Child Development (MHPCD) Project, a longitudinal study of the effects of PCE on growth, behavior, and cognitive function. Three groups were compared: 1) prenatal exposure to cocaine, alcohol, marijuana, and tobacco (CAMT, n = 15), 2) prenatal exposure to alcohol, marijuana, and tobacco (AMT, n = 17), and 3) no prenatal exposure to drugs (Controls, n = 15). Subjects were frequency matched on gender, race, handedness, and 15-year IQ. This study used the theoretical model proposed by Posner and Peterson (1990), which posits three dissociable components of attention: alerting, orienting, and executive attention. Subjects completed a functional MRI (fMRI) scan while performing the Attention Network Task, a validated neuroimaging measure of the 3-network model of attention. Behavioral and fMRI data revealed no associations between PCE and task accuracy, speed of processing, or activation in key brain regions associated with each of the attention networks. The results of this study show that any subtle differences in brain function associated with PCE are not detectable using the ANT task and fMRI. These results should be interpreted in the context of other studies that have found associations between PCE and arousal with emotionally arousing stimuli, compared to this study that found no associations using emotionally neutral stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer A Willford
- Department of Psychology, Slippery Rock University, 1 Morrow Way, Slippery Rock, PA 16057, United States of America.
| | - Dil Singhabahu
- Department of Mathematics, Slippery Rock University, 1 Morrow Way, Slippery Rock, PA 16057, United States of America.
| | - Athula Herat
- Department of Physics, Slippery Rock University, 1 Morrow Way, Slippery Rock, PA 16057, United States of America.
| | - Gale A Richardson
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 3811 O'Hara Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States of America.
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Saba W, Goutal S, Auvity S, Kuhnast B, Coulon C, Kouyoumdjian V, Buvat I, Leroy C, Tournier N. Imaging the neuroimmune response to alcohol exposure in adolescent baboons: a TSPO PET study using 18 F-DPA-714. Addict Biol 2018; 23:1000-1009. [PMID: 28944558 DOI: 10.1111/adb.12548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Revised: 06/08/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The effects of acute alcohol exposure to the central nervous system are hypothesized to involve the innate immune system. The neuroimmune response to an initial and acute alcohol exposure was investigated using translocator protein 18 kDa (TSPO) PET imaging, a non-invasive marker of glial activation, in adolescent baboons. Three different alcohol-naive adolescent baboons (3-4 years old, 9 to 14 kg) underwent 18 F-DPA-714 PET experiments before, during and 7-12 months after this initial alcohol exposure (0.7-1.0 g/l). The brain distribution of 18 F-DPA-714 (VT ; in ml/cm3 ) was estimated in several brain regions using the Logan plot analysis and the metabolite-corrected arterial input function. Compared with alcohol-naive animals (VTbrain = 3.7 ± 0.7 ml/cm3 ), the regional VT s of 18 F-DPA-714 were significantly increased during alcohol exposure (VTbrain = 7.2 ± 0.4 ml/cm3 ; p < 0.001). Regional VT s estimated several months after alcohol exposure (VTbrain = 5.7 ± 1.4 ml/cm3 ) were lower (p < 0.001) than those measured during alcohol exposure, but remained significantly higher (p < 0.001) than in alcohol-naive animals. The acute and long-term effects of ethanol exposure were observed globally across all brain regions. Acute alcohol exposure increased the binding of 18 F-DPA-714 to the brain in a non-human primate model of alcohol exposure that reflects the 'binge drinking' situation in adolescent individuals. The effect persisted for several months, suggesting a 'priming' of glial cell function after initial alcohol exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wadad Saba
- Imagerie Moléculaire In Vivo, IMIV, CEA, Inserm, CNRS; Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris Saclay, CEA-SHFJ; Orsay France
| | - Sébastien Goutal
- Imagerie Moléculaire In Vivo, IMIV, CEA, Inserm, CNRS; Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris Saclay, CEA-SHFJ; Orsay France
| | - Sylvain Auvity
- Imagerie Moléculaire In Vivo, IMIV, CEA, Inserm, CNRS; Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris Saclay, CEA-SHFJ; Orsay France
| | - Bertrand Kuhnast
- Imagerie Moléculaire In Vivo, IMIV, CEA, Inserm, CNRS; Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris Saclay, CEA-SHFJ; Orsay France
| | - Christine Coulon
- Imagerie Moléculaire In Vivo, IMIV, CEA, Inserm, CNRS; Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris Saclay, CEA-SHFJ; Orsay France
| | - Virginie Kouyoumdjian
- Imagerie Moléculaire In Vivo, IMIV, CEA, Inserm, CNRS; Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris Saclay, CEA-SHFJ; Orsay France
| | - Irène Buvat
- Imagerie Moléculaire In Vivo, IMIV, CEA, Inserm, CNRS; Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris Saclay, CEA-SHFJ; Orsay France
| | - Claire Leroy
- Imagerie Moléculaire In Vivo, IMIV, CEA, Inserm, CNRS; Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris Saclay, CEA-SHFJ; Orsay France
| | - Nicolas Tournier
- Imagerie Moléculaire In Vivo, IMIV, CEA, Inserm, CNRS; Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris Saclay, CEA-SHFJ; Orsay France
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Maurage P, Lannoy S, Dormal V, Blanco M, Trabut JB. Clinical Usefulness of the Iowa Gambling Task in Severe Alcohol Use Disorders: Link with Relapse and Cognitive-Physiological Deficits. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2018; 42:2266-2273. [PMID: 30120833 DOI: 10.1111/acer.13873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Decision-making impairments have been repeatedly evaluated in severe alcohol use disorders (SAUD) using the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT). The IGT, capitalizing on strong theoretical background and ecological significance, allowed identifying large-scale deficits in this population and is now a standard decision-making assessment in therapeutic settings. However, the clinical usefulness of the IGT, particularly regarding its ability to predict relapse and its link with key cognitive-physiological deficits, remains to be clarified. METHODS Thirty-eight recently detoxified patients with SAUD and 38 matched healthy controls performed the IGT, a neuropsychological task using monetary rewards to assess decision making under uncertainty and under risk. Disease characteristics (e.g., duration and intensity), cognitive abilities, psychopathological comorbidities, and physiological damage were also measured, as well as relapse rates 6 months later. RESULTS Compared to controls, patients with SAUD presented a dissociation between preserved decision making under uncertainty and impaired decision making under risk. In the SAUD group, while relapsers (55% of the sample) presented lower global cognitive functioning and stronger liver damage than nonrelapsers at detoxification time, no difference was found between these subgroups for the IGT. IGT results were not related to alcohol-consumption characteristics or cognitive-physiological deficits. CONCLUSIONS SAUD is not related to a global IGT deficit, as suggested earlier, but rather to a specific impairment for decision making under risk. This deficit is not associated with other disease-related variables and has no relapse prediction power. These results question the clinical usefulness of the IGT as a tool identifying key treatment levers and guiding (neuro)psychological rehabilitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Maurage
- Laboratory for Experimental Psychopathology (LEP) , Psychological Science Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Séverine Lannoy
- Laboratory for Experimental Psychopathology (LEP) , Psychological Science Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Valérie Dormal
- Laboratory for Experimental Psychopathology (LEP) , Psychological Science Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Marine Blanco
- Service d'Addictologie , Hôpitaux Universitaires Henri-Mondor, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), Créteil, France
| | - Jean-Baptiste Trabut
- Service d'Addictologie , Hôpitaux Universitaires Henri-Mondor, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), Créteil, France.,INSERM U841 , Créteil, France
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