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Park S, Torrisi S, Townsend JD, Beckett A, Feinberg DA. Highly accelerated submillimeter resolution 3D GRASE with controlled T 2 blurring in T 2 -weighted functional MRI at 7 Tesla: A feasibility study. Magn Reson Med 2020; 85:2490-2506. [PMID: 33231890 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.28589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To achieve highly accelerated submillimeter resolution T 2 -weighted functional MRI at 7T by developing a three-dimensional gradient and spin echo imaging (GRASE) with inner-volume selection and variable flip angles (VFA). METHODS GRASE imaging has disadvantages in that (a) k-space modulation causes T 2 blurring by limiting the number of slices and (b) a VFA scheme results in partial success with substantial SNR loss. In this work, accelerated GRASE with controlled T 2 blurring is developed to improve a point spread function (PSF) and temporal signal-to-noise ratio (tSNR) with a large number of slices. To this end, the VFA scheme is designed by minimizing a trade-off between SNR and blurring for functional sensitivity, and a new GRASE-optimized random encoding, which takes into account the complex signal decays of T 2 and T 2 ∗ weightings, is proposed by achieving incoherent aliasing for constrained reconstruction. Numerical and experimental studies were performed to validate the effectiveness of the proposed method over regular and VFA GRASE (R- and V-GRASE). RESULTS The proposed method, while achieving 0.8 mm isotropic resolution, functional MRI compared to R- and V-GRASE improves the spatial extent of the excited volume up to 36 slices with 52%-68% full width at half maximum (FWHM) reduction in PSF but approximately 2- to 3-fold mean tSNR improvement, thus resulting in higher BOLD activations. CONCLUSIONS We successfully demonstrated the feasibility of the proposed method in T 2 -weighted functional MRI. The proposed method is especially promising for cortical layer-specific functional MRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suhyung Park
- Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.,Department of Computer Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Salvatore Torrisi
- Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.,Advanced MRI Technologies, Sebastopol, CA, USA
| | - Jennifer D Townsend
- Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.,Advanced MRI Technologies, Sebastopol, CA, USA
| | - Alexander Beckett
- Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.,Advanced MRI Technologies, Sebastopol, CA, USA
| | - David A Feinberg
- Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.,Advanced MRI Technologies, Sebastopol, CA, USA
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Yamamoto T, Fukunaga M, Sugawara SK, Hamano YH, Sadato N. Quantitative Evaluations of Geometrical Distortion Corrections in Cortical Surface-Based Analysis of High-Resolution Functional MRI Data at 7T. J Magn Reson Imaging 2020; 53:1220-1234. [PMID: 33151028 PMCID: PMC7984446 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.27420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although 7T functional MRI (fMRI) provides better signal‐to‐noise ratio and higher spatial resolution than 3T fMRI, geometric distortions become more challenging because fMRI is more susceptible to distortions than structural MRI. Accurate alignment of 7T fMRI to structural MRI data is critical for precise cortical surface‐based analysis. Purpose To quantify the effectiveness of distortion corrections of 7T fMRI data. Study Type Prospective. Subjects Fifteen healthy individuals aged 19–26 years (mean: 21.9 years). Field Strength/Sequence Multiband gradient‐echo echo‐planar imaging sequence at 7T; 3D T1/T2‐weighted sequences (magnetization prepared rapid acquisition with gradient echo [MPRAGE] and sampling perfection with application optimized contrast using different flip angle evolution [SPACE]) at 3T. Assessment fMRI data at 7T were registered to cortical surfaces reconstructed from 3T structural data acquired in the same subjects. Distortions induced by B0 inhomogeneity and gradient nonlinearity (B0 and gradient distortions) were evaluated as cortical fallout (misregistration of noncortical areas) and displacement (misregistration along gray matter). Statistical Tests Repeated measures analyses of variance with post‐hoc t‐tests with Bonferroni correction. Results The accuracy of fully corrected fMRI images based on the intensity distribution was 89.2%. Without any corrections, 9.7% of vertices in the whole surfaces were fallout and the average displacement was 0.96 mm for the rest of the vertices. B0 and gradient distortion corrections significantly reduced the fallout (to 2.1% and 8.7%) and displacement (to 0.29 mm and 0.86 mm). These corrections were effective even around regions with moderate distortions (the somatosensory and visual cortices for B0 distortion, and the anterior frontal, inferior temporal, and posterior occipital cortices for gradient distortion). Data Conclusion B0 distortion correction is crucial for surface‐based analysis of fine‐resolution fMRI at 7T. Gradient distortion correction should be considered when regions of interest include regions distant from the isocenter of scanners. Evidence Level 1 Technical Efficacy Stage 1
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuya Yamamoto
- Department of System Neuroscience, Division of Cerebral Integration, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Japan.,Department of Physiological Sciences, School of Life Science, The Graduate School for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI), Hayama, Japan
| | - Masaki Fukunaga
- Department of System Neuroscience, Division of Cerebral Integration, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Japan.,Department of Physiological Sciences, School of Life Science, The Graduate School for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI), Hayama, Japan
| | - Sho K Sugawara
- Department of System Neuroscience, Division of Cerebral Integration, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Japan.,Department of Physiological Sciences, School of Life Science, The Graduate School for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI), Hayama, Japan.,Neural Prosthesis Project, Department of Dementia and Higher Brain Function, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuki H Hamano
- Department of System Neuroscience, Division of Cerebral Integration, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Japan
| | - Norihiro Sadato
- Department of System Neuroscience, Division of Cerebral Integration, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Japan.,Department of Physiological Sciences, School of Life Science, The Graduate School for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI), Hayama, Japan
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53
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Weiss AR, Liu Z, Wang X, Liguore WA, Kroenke CD, McBride JL. The macaque brain ONPRC18 template with combined gray and white matter labelmap for multimodal neuroimaging studies of Nonhuman Primates. Neuroimage 2020; 225:117517. [PMID: 33137475 PMCID: PMC7833476 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.117517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Macaques are the most common nonhuman primate (NHP) species used in neuroscience research. With the advancement of many neuroimaging techniques, new studies are beginning to apply multiple types of in vivo mag netic resonance imaging (MRI), such as structural imaging (sMRI) with T1 and T2 weighted contrasts alongside diffusion weighed (DW) imaging. In studies involving rhesus macaques, this approach can be used to better under stand micro-structural changes that occur during development, in various disease states or with normative aging. However, many of the available rhesus brain atlases have been designed for only one imaging modality, making it difficult to consistently define the same brain regions across multiple imaging modalities in the same subject. To address this, we created a brain atlas from 18 adult rhesus macaques that includes co-registered templates constructed from images frequently used to characterize macroscopic brain structure (T2/SPACE and T1/MP-RAGE), and a diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) template. The DTI template was up-sampled from 1 mm isotropic resolution to resolution match to the T1 and T2-weighted images (0.5 mm isotropic), and the parameter maps were derived for FA, AD, RD and MD. The labelmap volumes delineate 57 gray matter regions of interest (ROIs; 36 cortical regions and 21 subcortical structures), as well as 74 white matter tracts. Importantly, the labelmap overlays both the structural and diffusion templates, enabling the same regions to be consistently identified across imaging modalities. A specialized condensed version of the labelmap ROIs are also included to further extend the usefulness of this tool for imaging data with lower spatial resolution, such as functional MRI (fMRI) or positron emission tomography (PET).
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison R Weiss
- Division of Neuroscience, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, OR, USA, 97006
| | - Zheng Liu
- Division of Neuroscience, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, OR, USA, 97006; Advanced Imaging Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA, 97239
| | - Xiaojie Wang
- Division of Neuroscience, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, OR, USA, 97006; Advanced Imaging Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA, 97239
| | - William A Liguore
- Division of Neuroscience, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, OR, USA, 97006
| | - Christopher D Kroenke
- Division of Neuroscience, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, OR, USA, 97006; Advanced Imaging Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA, 97239; Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland OR, USA, 97239
| | - Jodi L McBride
- Division of Neuroscience, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, OR, USA, 97006; Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland OR, USA, 97239; Department of Behavioral Neurology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland OR, USA, 97239.
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Bapst B, Amegnizin JL, Vignaud A, Kauv P, Maraval A, Kalsoum E, Tuilier T, Benaissa A, Brugières P, Leclerc X, Hodel J. Post-contrast 3D T1-weighted TSE MR sequences (SPACE, CUBE, VISTA/BRAINVIEW, isoFSE, 3D MVOX): Technical aspects and clinical applications. J Neuroradiol 2020; 47:358-368. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neurad.2020.01.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Polak D, Cauley S, Bilgic B, Gong E, Bachert P, Adalsteinsson E, Setsompop K. Joint multi-contrast variational network reconstruction (jVN) with application to rapid 2D and 3D imaging. Magn Reson Med 2020; 84:1456-1469. [PMID: 32129529 PMCID: PMC7539238 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.28219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To improve the image quality of highly accelerated multi-channel MRI data by learning a joint variational network that reconstructs multiple clinical contrasts jointly. METHODS Data from our multi-contrast acquisition were embedded into the variational network architecture where shared anatomical information is exchanged by mixing the input contrasts. Complementary k-space sampling across imaging contrasts and Bunch-Phase/Wave-Encoding were used for data acquisition to improve the reconstruction at high accelerations. At 3T, our joint variational network approach across T1w, T2w and T2-FLAIR-weighted brain scans was tested for retrospective under-sampling at R = 6 (2D) and R = 4 × 4 (3D) acceleration. Prospective acceleration was also performed for 3D data where the combined acquisition time for whole brain coverage at 1 mm isotropic resolution across three contrasts was less than 3 min. RESULTS Across all test datasets, our joint multi-contrast network better preserved fine anatomical details with reduced image-blurring when compared to the corresponding single-contrast reconstructions. Improvement in image quality was also obtained through complementary k-space sampling and Bunch-Phase/Wave-Encoding where the synergistic combination yielded the overall best performance as evidenced by exemplary slices and quantitative error metrics. CONCLUSION By leveraging shared anatomical structures across the jointly reconstructed scans, our joint multi-contrast approach learnt more efficient regularizers, which helped to retain natural image appearance and avoid over-smoothing. When synergistically combined with advanced encoding techniques, the performance was further improved, enabling up to R = 16-fold acceleration with good image quality. This should help pave the way to very rapid high-resolution brain exams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Polak
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Radiology, A. A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
- Siemens Healthcare GmbH, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Stephen Cauley
- Department of Radiology, A. A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard-MIT Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Berkin Bilgic
- Department of Radiology, A. A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard-MIT Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | - Peter Bachert
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- Medical Physics in Radiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Elfar Adalsteinsson
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Kawin Setsompop
- Department of Radiology, A. A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard-MIT Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
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Tawfik AI, Kamr WH. Diagnostic value of 3D-FLAIR magnetic resonance sequence in detection of white matter brain lesions in multiple sclerosis. THE EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF RADIOLOGY AND NUCLEAR MEDICINE 2020. [DOI: 10.1186/s43055-020-00247-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
MS is common demyelinating disease in which standard T2 and 2D-FLAIR MRI sequences play important role in its diagnosis. Recently, 3D-FLAIR sequence is used and has a role that is evaluated compared to standard sequences.
Results
This study was performed on 20 selected MS patients. Brain MRI was performed using routinely used T2 and 2D FLAIR sequences, and 3D-FLAIR sequence was added. 3D-FLAIR images were reformatted, and all images were blindly analyzed. Lesions were counted in each sequence and classified according to their location into supratentorial lesions including periventricular, deep white matter, and juxta-cortical, and infratentorial lesions and relative comparison of lesion number on 3D-FLAIR versus 2D-FLAIR and T2 imaging, respectively, were expressed as percentage gain or a loss.
3D-FLAIR sequence showed significantly more lesions compared to 2D FLAIR and T2 sequences in all locations with relative ratio of 29% and 41%, respectively, in periventricular region; 22% and 30%, respectively, in deep WM; 180% and 147%, respectively, in juxta-cortical region; and 80% and 13%, respectively, in infratentorial region.
Conclusion
3D-FLAIR sequence is of greater sensitivity than standard 2D-FLAIR and T2 sequences in MS brain lesions depiction, and it is recommended to be included in MR protocol of MS.
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Kongpromsuk S, Pitakvej N, Jittapiromsak N, Prakkamakul S. Detection of brain metastases using alternative magnetic resonance imaging sequences: a comparison between SPACE and VIBE sequences. ASIAN BIOMED 2020. [DOI: 10.1515/abm-2020-0005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Accurate identification of brain metastases is crucial for cancer treatment.
Objectives
To compare the ability to detect brain metastases of two alternative types of contrast-enhanced three-dimensional (3D) T1-weighted sequences called SPACE (Sampling Perfection with Application optimized Contrasts using different flip angle Evolutions) and VIBE (Volumetric Interpolated Brain Sequence) on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at 3 tesla.
Methods
Between April 2017 and February 2018, 27 consecutive adult Thai patients with a total number of 424 brain metastases were retrospectively included. The patients underwent both contrast-enhanced 3D T1-weighted SPACE and 3D T1-weighted VIBE MRI sequences at 3 tesla. Two neuroradiology experts independently reviewed the images to determine the number of enhancing lesions on each sequence. Wilcoxon signed rank test was used to compare the difference between the numbers of detectable parenchymal enhancing lesions. Interobserver reliability was calculated using intraclass correlation.
Results
3D T1-weighted SPACE detected more parenchymal enhancing lesions than 3D T1-weighted VIBE (424 vs. 378 lesions, median 6 vs. 5, P = 0.008). Fifteen patients (55.6%) had equal number of parenchymal enhancing lesions between two sequences. 3D T1-weighted SPACE detected more parenchymal enhancing lesions (up to 9 more lesions) in 10 patients (37%), while 3D T1-weighted VIBE detected more enhancing lesions (up to 2 more lesions) in 2 patients (7.4%). Interobserver reliability between the readers was excellent.
Conclusion
Contrast-enhanced 3D T1-weighted SPACE sequence demonstrates a higher ability to detect brain metastases than contrast-enhanced 3D T1-weighted VIBE sequence at 3 tesla.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sutasinee Kongpromsuk
- Department of Radiology, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital , Thai Red Cross Society , Bangkok , Thailand
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Faculty of Medicine , Burapha University , Chonburi , Thailand
| | - Nantaporn Pitakvej
- Department of Radiology, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital , Thai Red Cross Society , Bangkok , Thailand
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine , Chulalongkorn University , Bangkok , Thailand
| | - Nutchawan Jittapiromsak
- Department of Radiology, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital , Thai Red Cross Society , Bangkok , Thailand
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine , Chulalongkorn University , Bangkok , Thailand
| | - Supada Prakkamakul
- Department of Radiology, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital , Thai Red Cross Society , Bangkok , Thailand
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine , Chulalongkorn University , Bangkok , Thailand
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Yang G, Bozek J, Han M, Gao J. Constructing and evaluating a cortical surface atlas and analyzing cortical sex differences in young Chinese adults. Hum Brain Mapp 2020; 41:2495-2513. [PMID: 32141680 PMCID: PMC7267952 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.24960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cortical surface templates are an important standardized coordinate frame for cortical structure and function analysis in magnetic resonance (MR) imaging studies. The widely used adult cortical surface templates (e.g., fsaverage, Conte69, and the HCP-MMP atlas) are based on the Caucasian population. Neuroanatomical differences related to environmental and genetic factors between Chinese and Caucasian populations make these templates unideal for analysis of the cortex in the Chinese population. We used a multimodal surface matching algorithm in an iterative procedure to create Chinese (sCN200) and Caucasian (sUS200) cortical surface atlases based on 200 demographically matched high-quality T1- and T2-weighted (T1w and T2w, respectively) MR images from the Chinese Human Connectome Project (CHCP) and the Human Connectome Project (HCP), respectively. Templates for anatomical cortical surfaces (white matter, pial, midthickness) and cortical feature maps of sulcal depth, curvature, thickness, T1w/T2w myelin, and cortical labels were generated. Using independent subsets from the CHCP and the HCP, we quantified the accuracy of cortical registration when using population-matched and mismatched atlases. The performance of the cortical registration and accuracy of curvature alignment when using population-matched atlases was significantly improved, thereby demonstrating the importance of using the sCN200 cortical surface atlas for Chinese adult population studies. Finally, we analyzed female and male cortical differences within the Chinese and Caucasian populations. We identified significant between-sex differences in cortical curvature, sulcal depth, thickness, and T1w/T2w myelin maps in the frontal, temporal, parietal, occipital, and insular lobes as well as the cingulate cortices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoyuan Yang
- Beijing City Key Lab for Medical Physics and EngineeringInstitute of Heavy Ion Physics, School of Physics, Peking UniversityBeijingChina
- Center for MRI Research, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary StudiesPeking UniversityBeijingChina
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Peking UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Jelena Bozek
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering and ComputingUniversity of ZagrebZagrebCroatia
| | - Meizhen Han
- Beijing City Key Lab for Medical Physics and EngineeringInstitute of Heavy Ion Physics, School of Physics, Peking UniversityBeijingChina
- Center for MRI Research, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary StudiesPeking UniversityBeijingChina
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Peking UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Jia‐Hong Gao
- Beijing City Key Lab for Medical Physics and EngineeringInstitute of Heavy Ion Physics, School of Physics, Peking UniversityBeijingChina
- Center for MRI Research, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary StudiesPeking UniversityBeijingChina
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Peking UniversityBeijingChina
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Kargar S, Borisch EA, Froemming AT, Grimm RC, Kawashima A, King BF, Stinson EG, Riederer SJ. Modified acquisition strategy for reduced motion artifact in super resolution T 2 FSE multislice MRI: Application to prostate. Magn Reson Med 2020; 84:2537-2550. [PMID: 32419197 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.28315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To reduce slice-to-slice motion effects in multislice T 2 -weighted fast-spin-echo ( T 2 FSE) imaging, manifest as "scalloping" in reformats, by modification of the acquisition strategy and to show applicability in prostate MRI. METHODS T 2 FSE images of contiguous or overlapping slices are typically acquired using multiple passes in which each pass is comprised of multiple slices with slice-to-slice gaps. Combination of slices from all passes provides the desired sampling. For enhancement of through-plane resolution with super resolution or for reformatting into other orientations, subtle ≈1 mm motion between passes can cause objectionable "scalloping" artifact. Here we address this by subdivision of each pass into multiple segments. Interleaving of segments from the multiple passes causes all slices to be acquired over substantially the same time, reducing pass-to-pass motion effects. This was implemented in acquiring 78 overlapped T 2 FSE axial slices and studied in phantoms and in 14 prostate MRI patients. Super-resolution axial images and sagittal reformats from the original and new segmented acquisitions were evaluated by 3 uroradiologists. RESULTS For all criteria of sagittal reformats, the segmented acquisition was statistically superior to the original. For all sharpness criteria of axial images, although the trend preferred the original acquisition, the difference was not significant. For artifact in axial images, the segmented acquisition was significantly superior. CONCLUSIONS For prostate MRI the new segmented acquisition significantly reduces the scalloping motion artifact that can be present in reformats due to long time lags between the acquisition of adjacent or overlapped slices while retaining image sharpness in the acquired axial slices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soudabeh Kargar
- Biomedical Engineering and Physiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Radiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Stephen J Riederer
- Biomedical Engineering and Physiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
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Weber KA, Chen Y, Paliwal M, Law CS, Hopkins BS, Mackey S, Dhaher Y, Parrish TB, Smith ZA. Assessing the spatial distribution of cervical spinal cord activity during tactile stimulation of the upper extremity in humans with functional magnetic resonance imaging. Neuroimage 2020; 217:116905. [PMID: 32387628 PMCID: PMC7386934 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.116905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Dermatomal maps are a mainstay of clinical practice and provide information on the spatial distribution of the cutaneous innervation of spinal nerves. Dermatomal deficits can help isolate the level of spinal nerve root involvement in spinal conditions and guide clinicians in diagnosis and treatment. Dermatomal maps, however, have limitations, and the spatial distribution of spinal cord sensory activity in humans remains to be quantitatively assessed. Here we used spinal cord functional MRI to map and quantitatively compare the spatial distribution of sensory spinal cord activity during tactile stimulation of the left and right lateral shoulders (i.e. C5 dermatome) and dorsal third digits of the hands (i.e., C7 dermatome) in healthy humans (n = 24, age = 36.8 ± 11.8 years). Based on the central sites for processing of innocuous tactile sensory information, we hypothesized that the activity would be localized more to the ipsilateral dorsal spinal cord with the lateral shoulder stimulation activity being localized more superiorly than the dorsal third digit. The findings demonstrate lateralization of the activity with the left- and right-sided stimuli having more activation in the ipsilateral hemicord. Contradictory to our hypotheses, the activity for both stimulation sites was spread across the dorsal and ventral hemicords and did not demonstrate a clear superior-inferior localization. Instead, the activity for both stimuli had a broader than expected distribution, extending across the C5, C6, and C7 spinal cord segments. We highlight the complexity of the human spinal cord neuroanatomy and several sources of variability that may explain the observed patterns of activity. While the findings were not completely consistent with our a priori hypotheses, this study provides a foundation for continued work and is an important step towards developing normative quantitative spinal cord measures of sensory function, which may become useful objective MRI-based biomarkers of neurological injury and improve the management of spinal disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth A Weber
- Systems Neuroscience and Pain Lab, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
| | - Yufen Chen
- Department of Radiology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Monica Paliwal
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Christine S Law
- Systems Neuroscience and Pain Lab, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Benjamin S Hopkins
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Sean Mackey
- Systems Neuroscience and Pain Lab, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Yasin Dhaher
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Todd B Parrish
- Department of Radiology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Zachary A Smith
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
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Jia L, Zhang N, Kukun H, Ren L, Zhang L, Lyu J, Liang D, Li Y, Zheng H, Jia W, Liu X. Three-dimensional intra- and extracranial arterial vessel wall joint imaging in patients with cerebrovascular disease. Eur J Radiol 2020; 126:108921. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2020.108921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2019] [Revised: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Denoise magnitude diffusion magnetic resonance images via variance-stabilizing transformation and optimal singular-value manipulation. Neuroimage 2020; 215:116852. [PMID: 32305566 PMCID: PMC7292796 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.116852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Although shown to have a great utility for a wide range of neuroscientific and clinical applications, diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI) faces a major challenge of low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), especially when pushing the spatial resolution for improved delineation of brain's fine structure or increasing the diffusion weighting for increased angular contrast or both. Here, we introduce a comprehensive denoising framework for denoising magnitude dMRI. The framework synergistically combines the variance stabilizing transform (VST) with optimal singular value manipulation. The purpose of VST is to transform the Rician data to Gaussian-like data so that an asymptotically optimal singular value manipulation strategy tailored for Gaussian data can be used. The output of the framework is the estimated underlying diffusion signal for each voxel in the image domain. The usefulness of the proposed framework for denoising magnitude dMRI is demonstrated using both simulation and real-data experiments. Our results show that the proposed denoising framework can significantly improve SNR across the entire brain, leading to substantially enhanced performances for estimating diffusion tensor related indices and for resolving crossing fibers when compared to another competing method. More encouragingly, the proposed method when used to denoise a single average of 7 Tesla Human Connectome Project-style diffusion acquisition provided comparable performances relative to those achievable with ten averages for resolving multiple fiber populations across the brain. As such, the proposed denoising method is expected to have a great utility for high-quality, high-resolution whole-brain dMRI, desirable for many neuroscientific and clinical applications.
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63
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Towards HCP-Style macaque connectomes: 24-Channel 3T multi-array coil, MRI sequences and preprocessing. Neuroimage 2020; 215:116800. [PMID: 32276072 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.116800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2019] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Macaque monkeys are an important animal model where invasive investigations can lead to a better understanding of the cortical organization of primates including humans. However, the tools and methods for noninvasive image acquisition (e.g. MRI RF coils and pulse sequence protocols) and image data preprocessing have lagged behind those developed for humans. To resolve the structural and functional characteristics of the smaller macaque brain, high spatial, temporal, and angular resolutions combined with high signal-to-noise ratio are required to ensure good image quality. To address these challenges, we developed a macaque 24-channel receive coil for 3-T MRI with parallel imaging capabilities. This coil enables adaptation of the Human Connectome Project (HCP) image acquisition protocols to the in-vivo macaque brain. In addition, we adapted HCP preprocessing methods to the macaque brain, including spatial minimal preprocessing of structural, functional MRI (fMRI), and diffusion MRI (dMRI). The coil provides the necessary high signal-to-noise ratio and high efficiency in data acquisition, allowing four- and five-fold accelerations for dMRI and fMRI. Automated FreeSurfer segmentation of cortex, reconstruction of cortical surface, removal of artefacts and nuisance signals in fMRI, and distortion correction of dMRI all performed well, and the overall quality of basic neurobiological measures was comparable with those for the HCP. Analyses of functional connectivity in fMRI revealed high sensitivity as compared with those from publicly shared datasets. Tractography-based connectivity estimates correlated with tracer connectivity similarly to that achieved using ex-vivo dMRI. The resulting HCP-style in vivo macaque MRI data show considerable promise for analyzing cortical architecture and functional and structural connectivity using advanced methods that have previously only been available in studies of the human brain.
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Siless V, Hubbard NA, Jones R, Wang J, Lo N, Bauer CCC, Goncalves M, Frosch I, Norton D, Vergara G, Conroy K, De Souza FV, Rosso IM, Wickham AH, Cosby EA, Pinaire M, Hirshfeld-Becker D, Pizzagalli DA, Henin A, Hofmann SG, Auerbach RP, Ghosh S, Gabrieli J, Whitfield-Gabrieli S, Yendiki A. Image acquisition and quality assurance in the Boston Adolescent Neuroimaging of Depression and Anxiety study. Neuroimage Clin 2020; 26:102242. [PMID: 32339824 PMCID: PMC7184183 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2020.102242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The Connectomes Related to Human Diseases (CRHD) initiative was developed with the Human Connectome Project (HCP) to provide high-resolution, open-access, multi-modal MRI data to better understand the neural correlates of human disease. Here, we present an introduction to a CRHD project, the Boston Adolescent Neuroimaging of Depression and Anxiety (BANDA) study, which is collecting multimodal neuroimaging, clinical, and neuropsychological data from 225 adolescents (ages 14-17), 150 of whom are expected to have a diagnosis of depression and/or anxiety. Our transdiagnostic recruitment approach samples the full spectrum of depressed/anxious symptoms and their comorbidity, consistent with NIMH Research Domain Criteria (RDoC). We focused on an age range that is critical for brain development and for the onset of mental illness. This project sought to harmonize imaging sequences, hardware, and functional tasks with other HCP studies, although some changes were made to canonical HCP methods to accommodate our study population and questions. We present a thorough overview of our imaging sequences, hardware, and scanning protocol. We detail similarities and differences between this study and other HCP studies. We evaluate structural-, diffusion-, and functional-image-quality measures that may be influenced by clinical factors (e.g., disorder, symptomatology). Signal-to-noise and motion estimates from the first 140 adolescents suggest minimal influence of clinical factors on image quality. We anticipate enrollment of an additional 85 participants, most of whom are expected to have a diagnosis of anxiety and/or depression. Clinical and neuropsychological data from the first 140 participants are currently freely available through the National Institute of Mental Health Data Archive (NDA).
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Affiliation(s)
- Viviana Siless
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Nicholas A Hubbard
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States; University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, United States
| | - Robert Jones
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Jonathan Wang
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Nicole Lo
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Clemens C C Bauer
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States; Northeastern University, Department of Psychology, Boston, MA, United States
| | | | - Isabelle Frosch
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Daniel Norton
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | | | | | | | - Isabelle M Rosso
- McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, United States; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Aude Henin
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | | | | | - Satrajit Ghosh
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States; Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - John Gabrieli
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Susan Whitfield-Gabrieli
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States; Northeastern University, Department of Psychology, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Anastasia Yendiki
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.
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Zhang Y, Yong X, Liu R, Tang J, Jiang H, Fu C, Wei R, Hsu Y, Sun Y, Luo B, Wu D. Whole‐brain chemical exchange saturation transfer imaging with optimized turbo spin echo readout. Magn Reson Med 2020; 84:1161-1172. [DOI: 10.1002/mrm.28184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2019] [Revised: 01/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education Department of Biomedical Engineering College of Biomedical Engineering & Instrument Science Zhejiang University Hangzhou Zhejiang China
- Department of Neurology The First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University Hangzhou Zhejiang China
| | - Xingwang Yong
- Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education Department of Biomedical Engineering College of Biomedical Engineering & Instrument Science Zhejiang University Hangzhou Zhejiang China
| | - Ruibin Liu
- Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education Department of Biomedical Engineering College of Biomedical Engineering & Instrument Science Zhejiang University Hangzhou Zhejiang China
| | - Jibin Tang
- Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education Department of Biomedical Engineering College of Biomedical Engineering & Instrument Science Zhejiang University Hangzhou Zhejiang China
| | - Hongjie Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery The Second Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University Hangzhou Zhejiang China
| | - Caixia Fu
- Siemens Shenzhen Magnetic Resonance Ltd. Shenzhen China
| | - Ruili Wei
- Department of Neurology The First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University Hangzhou Zhejiang China
| | - Yi‐Cheng Hsu
- MR Collaboration Siemens Healthcare Ltd. Shanghai China
| | - Yi Sun
- MR Collaboration Siemens Healthcare Ltd. Shanghai China
| | - Benyan Luo
- Department of Neurology The First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University Hangzhou Zhejiang China
| | - Dan Wu
- Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education Department of Biomedical Engineering College of Biomedical Engineering & Instrument Science Zhejiang University Hangzhou Zhejiang China
- Department of Neurology The First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University Hangzhou Zhejiang China
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66
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Weiss T, Soroka T, Gorodisky L, Shushan S, Snitz K, Weissgross R, Furman-Haran E, Dhollander T, Sobel N. Human Olfaction without Apparent Olfactory Bulbs. Neuron 2020; 105:35-45.e5. [PMID: 31706696 PMCID: PMC6953431 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2019.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Revised: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The olfactory bulbs (OBs) are the first site of odor representation in the mammalian brain, and their unique ultrastructure is considered a necessary substrate for spatiotemporal coding of smell. Given this, we were struck by the serendipitous observation at MRI of two otherwise healthy young left-handed women, yet with no apparent OBs. Standardized tests revealed normal odor awareness, detection, discrimination, identification, and representation. Functional MRI of these women's brains revealed that odorant-induced activity in piriform cortex, the primary OB target, was similar in its extent to that of intact controls. Finally, review of a public brain-MRI database with 1,113 participants (606 women) also tested for olfactory performance, uncovered olfaction without anatomically defined OBs in ∼0.6% of women and ∼4.25% of left-handed women. Thus, humans can perform the basic facets of olfaction without canonical OBs, implying extreme plasticity in the functional neuroanatomy of this sensory system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tali Weiss
- The Azrieli National Institute for Human Brain Imaging and Research, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel; Department of Neurobiology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
| | - Timna Soroka
- The Azrieli National Institute for Human Brain Imaging and Research, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel; Department of Neurobiology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Lior Gorodisky
- The Azrieli National Institute for Human Brain Imaging and Research, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel; Department of Neurobiology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Sagit Shushan
- The Azrieli National Institute for Human Brain Imaging and Research, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel; Department of Neurobiology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Kobi Snitz
- The Azrieli National Institute for Human Brain Imaging and Research, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel; Department of Neurobiology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Reut Weissgross
- The Azrieli National Institute for Human Brain Imaging and Research, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel; Department of Neurobiology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Edna Furman-Haran
- The Azrieli National Institute for Human Brain Imaging and Research, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Thijs Dhollander
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; The Florey Department of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Noam Sobel
- The Azrieli National Institute for Human Brain Imaging and Research, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel; Department of Neurobiology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
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67
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Ogul H, Guven F, Izgi E, Kantarci M. Evaluation of giant arachnoid granulations with high-resolution 3D-volumetric MR sequences at 3T. Eur J Radiol 2019; 121:108722. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2019.108722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Revised: 08/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Knowles BR, Friedrich F, Fischer C, Paech D, Ladd ME. Beyond T2 and 3T: New MRI techniques for clinicians. Clin Transl Radiat Oncol 2019; 18:87-97. [PMID: 31341982 PMCID: PMC6630188 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctro.2019.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Revised: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Technological advances in Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) in terms of field strength and hybrid MR systems have led to improvements in tumor imaging in terms of anatomy and functionality. This review paper discusses the applications of such advances in the field of radiation oncology with regards to treatment planning, therapy guidance and monitoring tumor response and predicting outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin R. Knowles
- Medical Physics in Radiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Florian Friedrich
- Medical Physics in Radiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Carola Fischer
- Medical Physics in Radiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Daniel Paech
- Department of Radiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mark E. Ladd
- Medical Physics in Radiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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69
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Keerthivasan MB, Saranathan M, Johnson K, Fu Z, Weinkauf CC, Martin DR, Bilgin A, Altbach MI. An efficient 3D stack-of-stars turbo spin echo pulse sequence for simultaneous T2-weighted imaging and T2 mapping. Magn Reson Med 2019; 82:326-341. [PMID: 30883879 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.27737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2018] [Revised: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To design a pulse sequence for efficient 3D T2-weighted imaging and T2 mapping. METHODS A stack-of-stars turbo spin echo pulse sequence with variable refocusing flip angles and a flexible pseudorandom view ordering is proposed for simultaneous T2-weighted imaging and T2 mapping. An analytical framework is introduced for the selection of refocusing flip angles to maximize relative tissue contrast while minimizing T2 estimation errors and maintaining low specific absorption rate. Images at different echo times are generated using a subspace constrained iterative reconstruction algorithm. T2 maps are obtained by modeling the signal evolution using the extended phase graph model. The technique is evaluated using phantoms and demonstrated in vivo for brain, knee, and carotid imaging. RESULTS Numerical simulations demonstrate an improved point spread function with the proposed pseudorandom view ordering compared to golden angle view ordering. Phantom experiments show that T2 values estimated from the stack-of-stars turbo spin echo pulse sequence with variable refocusing flip angles have good concordance with spin echo reference values. In vivo results show the proposed pulse sequence can generate qualitatively comparable T2-weighted images as conventional Cartesian 3D SPACE in addition to simultaneously generating 3D T2 maps. CONCLUSION The proposed stack-of-stars turbo spin echo pulse sequence with pseudorandom view ordering and variable refocusing flip angles allows high resolution isotropic T2 mapping in clinically acceptable scan times. The optimization framework for the selection of refocusing flip angles improves T2 estimation accuracy while generating T2-weighted contrast comparable to conventional Cartesian imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahesh Bharath Keerthivasan
- Medical Imaging, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona.,Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Manojkumar Saranathan
- Medical Imaging, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona.,Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona.,Biomedical Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Kevin Johnson
- Medical Imaging, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Zhiyang Fu
- Medical Imaging, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona.,Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | | | | | - Ali Bilgin
- Medical Imaging, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona.,Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona.,Biomedical Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
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70
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Danieli L, Riccitelli GC, Distefano D, Prodi E, Ventura E, Cianfoni A, Kaelin-Lang A, Reinert M, Pravatà E. Brain Tumor-Enhancement Visualization and Morphometric Assessment: A Comparison of MPRAGE, SPACE, and VIBE MRI Techniques. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2019; 40:1140-1148. [PMID: 31221635 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a6096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Postgadolinium MR imaging is crucial for brain tumor diagnosis and morphometric assessment. We compared brain tumor enhancement visualization and the "target" object morphometry obtained with the most commonly used 3D MR imaging technique, MPRAGE, with 2 other routinely available techniques: sampling perfection with application-optimized contrasts by using different flip angle evolutions (SPACE) and volumetric interpolated brain examination (VIBE). MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifty-four contrast-enhancing tumors (38 gliomas and 16 metastases) were assessed using MPRAGE, VIBE, and SPACE techniques randomly acquired after gadolinium-based contrast agent administration on a 3T scanner. Enhancement conspicuity was assessed quantitatively by calculating the contrast rate and contrast-to-noise ratio, and qualitatively, by consensus visual comparative ratings. The total enhancing tumor volume and between-sequence discrepancy in the margin delineation were assessed on the corresponding 3D target objects contoured with a computer-assisted software for neuronavigation. The Wilcoxon signed rank and Pearson χ2 nonparametric tests were used to investigate between-sequence discrepancies in the contrast rate, contrast-to-noise ratio, visual conspicuity ratings, tumor volume, and margin delineation estimates. Differences were also tested for 1D (Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors) and 2D (Response Assessment in Neuro-Oncology) measurements. RESULTS Compared with MPRAGE, both SPACE and VIBE obtained higher contrast rate, contrast-to-noise ratio, and visual conspicuity ratings in both gliomas and metastases (P range, <.001-.001). The between-sequence 3D target object margin discrepancy ranged between 3% and 19.9% of lesion tumor volume. Larger tumor volumes, 1D and 2D measurements were obtained with SPACE (P range, <.01-.007). CONCLUSIONS Superior conspicuity for brain tumor enhancement can be achieved using SPACE and VIBE techniques, compared with MPRAGE. Discrepancies were also detected when assessing target object size and morphology, with SPACE providing more accurate estimates.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Danieli
- From the Departments of Neuroradiology (L.D., D.D., E.P., E.V., A.C., E.P.)
| | - G C Riccitelli
- Neurology (G.C.R., A.K.-L.).,Neuroimaging Research Unit (G.C.R.), Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - D Distefano
- From the Departments of Neuroradiology (L.D., D.D., E.P., E.V., A.C., E.P.)
| | - E Prodi
- From the Departments of Neuroradiology (L.D., D.D., E.P., E.V., A.C., E.P.)
| | - E Ventura
- From the Departments of Neuroradiology (L.D., D.D., E.P., E.V., A.C., E.P.)
| | - A Cianfoni
- From the Departments of Neuroradiology (L.D., D.D., E.P., E.V., A.C., E.P.).,Departments of Neuroradiology (A.C.)
| | - A Kaelin-Lang
- Neurology (G.C.R., A.K.-L.).,Neurology (A.K.-L.), Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Faculty of Biomedical Sciences (A.K.-L., M.R.), Università della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - M Reinert
- Neurosurgery (M.R.), Neurocenter of Southern Switzerland, Lugano, Switzerland.,Faculty of Biomedical Sciences (A.K.-L., M.R.), Università della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - E Pravatà
- From the Departments of Neuroradiology (L.D., D.D., E.P., E.V., A.C., E.P.)
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71
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Eliezer M, Toupet M, Guichard JP, Kania R, Houdart E, Hautefort C. Cochleovestibular artery syndrome: consideration based on VHIT, VEMP, and inner ear MRI. J Neurol 2019; 266:2327-2329. [DOI: 10.1007/s00415-019-09407-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2019] [Revised: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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72
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Hu XY, Rajendran L, Lapointe E, Tam R, Li D, Traboulsee A, Rauscher A. Three-dimensional MRI sequences in MS diagnosis and research. Mult Scler 2019; 25:1700-1709. [DOI: 10.1177/1352458519848100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The most recent guidelines for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in multiple sclerosis (MS) recommend three-dimensional (3D) MRI sequences over their two-dimensional (2D) counterparts. This development has been made possible by advances in MRI scanner hardware and software. In this article, we review the 3D versions of conventional sequences, including T1-weighted, T2-weighted and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR), as well as more advanced scans, including double inversion recovery (DIR), FLAIR2, FLAIR*, phase-sensitive inversion recovery, and susceptibility weighted imaging (SWI).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xun Yang Hu
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Luckshi Rajendran
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Emmanuelle Lapointe
- Department of Medicine, Division of Neurology, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Roger Tam
- Department of Radiology, School of Biomedical Engineering, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - David Li
- Department of Radiology, UBC Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Anthony Traboulsee
- Division of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Alexander Rauscher
- Department of Radiology, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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73
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Dalton MA, McCormick C, Maguire EA. Differences in functional connectivity along the anterior-posterior axis of human hippocampal subfields. Neuroimage 2019; 192:38-51. [PMID: 30840906 PMCID: PMC6503073 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2019.02.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Revised: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a paucity of information about how human hippocampal subfields are functionally connected to each other and to neighbouring extra-hippocampal cortices. In particular, little is known about whether patterns of functional connectivity (FC) differ down the anterior-posterior axis of each subfield. Here, using high resolution structural MRI we delineated the hippocampal subfields in healthy young adults. This included the CA fields, separating DG/CA4 from CA3, separating the pre/parasubiculum from the subiculum, and also segmenting the uncus. We then used high resolution resting state functional MRI to interrogate FC. We first analysed the FC of each hippocampal subfield in its entirety, in terms of FC with other subfields and with the neighbouring regions, namely entorhinal, perirhinal, posterior parahippocampal and retrosplenial cortices. Next, we analysed FC for different portions of each hippocampal subfield along its anterior-posterior axis, in terms of FC between different parts of a subfield, FC with other subfield portions, and FC of each subfield portion with the neighbouring cortical regions of interest. We found that intrinsic functional connectivity between the subfields aligned generally with the tri-synaptic circuit but also extended beyond it. Our findings also revealed that patterns of functional connectivity between the subfields and neighbouring cortical areas differed markedly along the anterior-posterior axis of each hippocampal subfield. Overall, these results contribute to ongoing efforts to characterise human hippocampal subfield connectivity, with implications for understanding hippocampal function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marshall A Dalton
- Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK
| | - Cornelia McCormick
- Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK
| | - Eleanor A Maguire
- Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK.
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Dalton MA, McCormick C, De Luca F, Clark IA, Maguire EA. Functional connectivity along the anterior-posterior axis of hippocampal subfields in the ageing human brain. Hippocampus 2019; 29:1049-1062. [PMID: 31058404 PMCID: PMC6849752 DOI: 10.1002/hipo.23097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Revised: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
While age‐related volumetric changes in human hippocampal subfields have been reported, little is known about patterns of subfield functional connectivity (FC) in the context of healthy ageing. Here we investigated age‐related changes in patterns of FC down the anterior–posterior axis of each subfield. Using high resolution structural MRI we delineated the dentate gyrus (DG), CA fields (including separating DG from CA3), the subiculum, pre/parasubiculum, and the uncus in healthy young and older adults. We then used high resolution resting state functional MRI to measure FC in each group and to directly compare them. We first examined the FC of each subfield in its entirety, in terms of FC with other subfields and with neighboring cortical regions, namely, entorhinal, perirhinal, posterior parahippocampal, and retrosplenial cortices. Next, we analyzed subfield to subfield FC within different portions along the hippocampal anterior–posterior axis, and FC of each subfield portion with the neighboring cortical regions of interest. In general, the FC of the older adults was similar to that observed in the younger adults. We found that, as in the young group, the older group displayed intrinsic FC between the subfields that aligned with the tri‐synaptic circuit but also extended beyond it, and that FC between the subfields and neighboring cortical areas differed markedly along the anterior–posterior axis of each subfield. We observed only one significant difference between the young and older groups. Compared to the young group, the older participants had significantly reduced FC between the anterior CA1‐subiculum transition region and the transentorhinal cortex, two brain regions known to be disproportionately affected during the early stages of age‐related tau accumulation. Overall, these results contribute to ongoing efforts to characterize human hippocampal subfield connectivity, with implications for understanding hippocampal function and its modulation in the ageing brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marshall A Dalton
- Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Cornelia McCormick
- Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Flavia De Luca
- Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Ian A Clark
- Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Eleanor A Maguire
- Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
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75
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Taso M, Zhao L, Guidon A, Litwiller DV, Alsop DC. Volumetric abdominal perfusion measurement using a pseudo-randomly sampled 3D fast-spin-echo (FSE) arterial spin labeling (ASL) sequence and compressed sensing reconstruction. Magn Reson Med 2019; 82:680-692. [PMID: 30953396 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.27761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Revised: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To improve image quality and spatial coverage for abdominal perfusion imaging by implementing an arterial spin labeling (ASL) sequence that combines variable-density 3D fast-spin-echo (FSE) with Cartesian trajectory and compressed-sensing (CS) reconstruction. METHODS A volumetric FSE sequence was modified to include background-suppressed pseudo-continuous ASL labeling and to support variable-density (VD) Poisson-disk sampling for acceleration. We additionally explored the benefits of center oversampling and variable outer k-space sampling. Fourteen healthy volunteers were scanned on a 3T scanner to test acceleration factors as well as the various sampling schemes described under synchronized-breathing to limit motion issues. A CS reconstruction was implemented using the BART toolbox to reconstruct perfusion-weighted ASL volumes, assessing the impact of acceleration, different reconstruction, and sampling strategies on image quality. RESULTS CS acceleration is feasible with ASL, and a strong renal perfusion signal could be observed even at very high acceleration rates (≈15). We have shown that ASL k-space complex subtraction was desirable before CS reconstruction. Although averaging of multiple highly accelerated images helped to reduce artifacts from physiologic fluctuations, superior image quality was achieved by interleaving of different highly undersampled pseudo-random spatial sampling patterns and using 4D-CS reconstruction. Combination of these enhancements produces high-quality ASL volumes in under 5 min. CONCLUSIONS High-quality isotropic ASL abdominal perfusion volumes can be obtained in healthy volunteers with a VD-FSE and CS reconstruction. This lays the groundwork for future developments toward whole abdomen free-breathing non-contrast perfusion imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Taso
- Division of MRI Research, Department of Radiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Li Zhao
- Division of MRI Research, Department of Radiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Arnaud Guidon
- Global MR applications and Workflow, GE Healthcare, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Daniel V Litwiller
- Global MR applications and Workflow, GE Healthcare, New York City, New York
| | - David C Alsop
- Division of MRI Research, Department of Radiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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76
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Eliezer M, Poillon G, Horion J, Lelion P, Gerardin E, Magne N, Gillibert A, Attyé A. MRI diagnosis of saccular hydrops: Comparison of heavily-T2 FIESTA-C and 3D-FLAIR sequences with delayed acquisition. J Neuroradiol 2019; 48:446-452. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neurad.2019.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Revised: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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77
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Kargar S, Borisch EA, Froemming AT, Grimm RC, Kawashima A, King BF, Stinson EG, Riederer SJ. Use of k Z -space for high through-plane resolution in multislice MRI: Application to prostate. Magn Reson Med 2019; 81:3691-3704. [PMID: 30844092 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.27691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Revised: 12/27/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The goal of this work is to demonstrate 1 mm through-plane resolution in multislice T2SE MRI using k Z -space processing of overlapping slices and show applicability in prostate MRI. METHODS Multiple overlapped slices are acquired and Fourier transformed in the slice-select direction. The slice profile is incorporated into a Tikhonov-regularized reconstruction. Through-plane resolution is tested in a resolution phantom. An anthropomorphic prostate phantom is used to study the SNR, and results are compared with theoretical prediction. The proposed method is tested in 16 patients indicated for clinical prostate MRI who gave written informed consent as overseen by our IRB. The "proposed" vs. "reference" multislice images are compared using multiple evaluation criteria for through-plane resolution. RESULTS The modulation transfer function (MTF) plots of the resolution phantom show good modulation at frequency 0.5 lp/mm, demonstrating 1 mm through-plane resolution restoration. The SNR measurements experimentally match the theoretically predicted values. The radiological evaluation shows that the proposed method is superior to the reference method for five criteria of sharpness but inferior with respect to artifacts. CONCLUSIONS In conjunction with overlapped slices a k Z -space-based reconstruction approach can be used to improve through-plane resolution in multislice T2SE MRI. 1 mm resolution is demonstrated from 3.2 mm thick slices. The in vivo results from prostate MRI show improved sharpness when compared to the standard multislice method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soudabeh Kargar
- Biomedical Engineering and Physiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.,Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Stephen J Riederer
- Biomedical Engineering and Physiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.,Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
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78
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Frost R, Wighton P, Karahanoğlu FI, Robertson RL, Grant PE, Fischl B, Tisdall MD, van der Kouwe A. Markerless high-frequency prospective motion correction for neuroanatomical MRI. Magn Reson Med 2019; 82:126-144. [PMID: 30821010 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.27705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Revised: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To integrate markerless head motion tracking with prospectively corrected neuroanatomical MRI sequences and to investigate high-frequency motion correction during imaging echo trains. METHODS A commercial 3D surface tracking system, which estimates head motion by registering point cloud reconstructions of the face, was used to adapt the imaging FOV based on head movement during MPRAGE and T2 SPACE (3D variable flip-angle turbo spin-echo) sequences. The FOV position and orientation were updated every 6 lines of k-space (< 50 ms) to enable "within-echo-train" prospective motion correction (PMC). Comparisons were made with scans using "before-echo-train" PMC, in which the FOV was updated only once per TR, before the start of each echo train (ET). Continuous-motion experiments with phantoms and in vivo were used to compare these high-frequency and low-frequency correction strategies. MPRAGE images were processed with FreeSurfer to compare estimates of brain structure volumes and cortical thickness in scans with different PMC. RESULTS The median absolute pose differences between markerless tracking and MR image registration were 0.07/0.26/0.15 mm for x/y/z translation and 0.06º/0.02º/0.12° for rotation about x/y/z. The PMC with markerless tracking substantially reduced motion artifacts. The continuous-motion experiments showed that within-ET PMC, which minimizes FOV encoding errors during ETs that last over 1 second, reduces artifacts compared with before-ET PMC. T2 SPACE was found to be more sensitive to motion during ETs than MPRAGE. FreeSurfer morphometry estimates from within-ET PMC MPRAGE images were the most accurate. CONCLUSION Markerless head tracking can be used for PMC, and high-frequency within-ET PMC can reduce sensitivity to motion during long imaging ETs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Frost
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts.,Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Paul Wighton
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts
| | - F Işık Karahanoğlu
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts.,Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Richard L Robertson
- Department of Radiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - P Ellen Grant
- Department of Radiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Fetal-Neonatal Neuroimaging and Developmental Science Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Bruce Fischl
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts.,Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - M Dylan Tisdall
- Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - André van der Kouwe
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts.,Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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79
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Eliezer M, Attyé A, Guichard JP, Vitaux H, Guillonnet A, Toupet M, Herman P, Kania R, Houdart E, Hautefort C. Vestibular atelectasis: Myth or reality? Laryngoscope 2019; 129:1689-1695. [DOI: 10.1002/lary.27793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Eliezer
- Department of Neuroradiology; Lariboisière University Hospital; Paris France
| | - Arnaud Attyé
- Department of Neuroradiology; Lariboisière University Hospital; Paris France
- Department of Neuroradiology and MRI; Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, SFR RMN Neurosciences; Grenoble France
| | | | - Hélène Vitaux
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery; Lariboisière University Hospital; Paris France
| | - Antoine Guillonnet
- Department of Neuroradiology; Lariboisière University Hospital; Paris France
| | - Michel Toupet
- Centre d'Explorations Fonctionnelles Otoneurologiques; Paris France
| | - Philippe Herman
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery; Lariboisière University Hospital; Paris France
| | - Romain Kania
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery; Lariboisière University Hospital; Paris France
| | - Emmanuel Houdart
- Department of Neuroradiology; Lariboisière University Hospital; Paris France
| | - Charlotte Hautefort
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery; Lariboisière University Hospital; Paris France
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80
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Henningsson M, Zahr RA, Dyer A, Greil GF, Burkhardt B, Tandon A, Hussain T. Feasibility of 3D black-blood variable refocusing angle fast spin echo cardiovascular magnetic resonance for visualization of the whole heart and great vessels in congenital heart disease. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 2018; 20:76. [PMID: 30474554 PMCID: PMC6260764 DOI: 10.1186/s12968-018-0508-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Volumetric black-blood cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) has been hampered by long scan times and flow sensitivity. The purpose of this study was to assess the feasibility of black-blood, electrocardiogram (ECG)-triggered and respiratory-navigated 3D fast spin echo (3D FSE) for the visualization of the whole heart and great vessels. METHODS The implemented 3D FSE technique used slice-selective excitation and non-selective refocusing pulses with variable flip angles to achieve constant echo signal for tissue with T1 (880 ms) and T2 (40 ms) similar to the vessel wall. Ten healthy subjects and 21 patients with congenital heart disease (CHD) underwent 3D FSE and conventional 3D balanced steady-state free precession (bSSFP). The sequences were compared in terms of ability to perform segmental assessment, local signal-to-noise ratio (SNRl) and local contrast-to-noise ratio (CNRl). RESULTS In both healthy subjects and patients with CHD, 3D FSE showed superior pulmonary vein but inferior coronary artery origin visualisation compared to 3D bSFFP. However, in patients with CHD the combination of 3D bSSFP and 3D FSE whole-heart imaging improves the success rate of cardiac morphological diagnosis to 100% compared to either technique in isolation (3D FSE, 23.8% success rate, 3D bSSFP, 5% success rate). In the healthy subjects SNRl for 3D bSSFP was greater than for 3D FSE (30.1 ± 7.3 vs 20.9 ± 5.3; P = 0.002) whereas the CNRl was comparable (17.3 ± 5.6 vs 17.4 ± 4.9; P = 0.91) between the two scans. CONCLUSIONS The feasibility of 3D FSE for whole-heart black-blood CMR imaging has been demonstrated. Due to their high success rate for segmental assessment, the combination of 3D bSSFP and 3D FSE may be an attractive alternative to gadolinium contrast enhanced morphological CMR in patients with CHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Henningsson
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Riad Abou Zahr
- Departments of Pediatrics and Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern/Children’s Health, Dallas, TX USA
| | - Adrian Dyer
- Departments of Pediatrics and Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern/Children’s Health, Dallas, TX USA
| | - Gerald F. Greil
- Departments of Pediatrics and Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern/Children’s Health, Dallas, TX USA
| | - Barbara Burkhardt
- Departments of Pediatrics and Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern/Children’s Health, Dallas, TX USA
| | - Animesh Tandon
- Departments of Pediatrics and Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern/Children’s Health, Dallas, TX USA
| | - Tarique Hussain
- Departments of Pediatrics and Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern/Children’s Health, Dallas, TX USA
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81
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Liu Y, Wang W, Qin XB, Wang HH, Gao G, Zhang XD, Wang XY. The applied research of simultaneous image acquisition of T2-weighted imaging (T2WI) and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in the assessment of patients with prostate cancer. Asian J Androl 2018; 21:177-182. [PMID: 30381579 PMCID: PMC6413541 DOI: 10.4103/aja.aja_82_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
We aimed to evaluate the feasibility of simultaneous image acquisition of multiple instantaneous switchable scan (MISS) for prostate magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) on 3T. Fifty-three patients were scanned with MRI due to suspected prostate cancer. Twenty-eight of them got histological results. First, two readers assessed the structure delineation and image quality based on images of conventional T2-weighted imaging (T2WI) and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) (CTD). Second, two readers identified the index lesion together, and then, reader one evaluated the contrast of index lesion on T2WI and signal ratio on apparent diffusion coefficient map. Third, they assigned Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System (PI-RADS) score in consensus for the index lesion. After 4 weeks, the images of MISS were reviewed by the same readers following the same process. Finally, two readers gave preference for image interpretation, respectively. Kappa coefficient, Wilcoxon signed-rank test, paired-sample t-test, Bland–Altman analysis, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis were used for statistical analysis. The acquisition time of CTD was 6 min and 10 s, while the acquisition time of MISS was 4 min and 30 s. Interobserver agreements for image evaluation were κ = 0.65 and κ = 0.80 for CTD and MISS, respectively. MISS-T2WI showed better delineation for seminal vesicles than CTD-T2WI (reader 1: P < 0.001, reader 2: P = 0.001). The index lesion demonstrated higher contrast in MISS-T2WI (P < 0.001). The PI-RADS scores based on CTD and MISS exhibited high ability in predicting clinically significant cancer (area under curve [AUC] = 0.828 vs 0.854). Readers preferred to use MISS in 41.5%–47.2% of cases. MISS showed comparable performance to conventional technique with less acquisition time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Liu
- Department of Radiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Radiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Xiu-Bo Qin
- Department of Radiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Hui-Hui Wang
- Department of Radiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Ge Gao
- Department of Radiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Xiao-Dong Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Xiao-Ying Wang
- Department of Radiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
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82
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van Duinkerken E, Steenwijk MD, Klein M, Barkhof F, Mograbi DC, Diamant M, Snoek FJ, Ijzerman RG. Accelerated executive functions decline and gray matter structural changes in middle-aged type 1 diabetes mellitus patients with proliferative retinopathy. J Diabetes 2018; 10:835-846. [PMID: 29665283 DOI: 10.1111/1753-0407.12773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2017] [Revised: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of the present study was to determine trajectories of cognitive and cortical changes over time in middle-aged patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and proliferative retinopathy. METHODS Twenty-five patients and 25 controls underwent neuropsychological assessment and neuroimaging twice in a mean (±SD) of 3.56 ± 0.65 and 3.94 ± 0.91 years, respectively (P = 0.098). Cognitive assessment included the domains of general cognitive ability, memory, information processing speed, executive functions, attention, and motor and psychomotor speed. Symmetrized percentage change in local cortical thickness, surface area, and volume was determined using the FreeSurfer 6 vertex-wise general linear model method. Analyses were performed uncorrected and corrected for baseline systolic blood pressure and depressive symptoms. RESULTS In patients versus controls, accelerated executive function decline was accompanied by, but not related to, lower left frontal and temporal surface area, left parietal and right frontal thickness, and bilateral frontal and right posterior cingulate volume (family-wise error [FWE]-corrected P < 0.05 for all). In patients, lower executive performance was related to loss of right precuneus surface area (PFWE = 0.005). Higher HbA1c during follow-up was related to executive function decline (r = -0.509, P = 0.016) and loss of left hemisphere surface area (rcorrected analysis = -0.555, P = 0.007). CONCLUSIONS After 3.5 years of follow-up, middle-aged T1DM patients with proliferative retinopathy, mild focal changes in executive functions, and cortical structure were found, which may indicate accelerated aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eelco van Duinkerken
- Amsterdam Diabetes Center/Department of Internal Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Medical Psychology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Center for Epilepsy, State Brain Institute Paulo Niemeyer, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Martijn D Steenwijk
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Physics and Medical Technology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Martin Klein
- Department of Medical Psychology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Frederik Barkhof
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Daniel C Mograbi
- Center for Epilepsy, State Brain Institute Paulo Niemeyer, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Kings College, London, UK
| | - Michaela Diamant
- Amsterdam Diabetes Center/Department of Internal Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Frank J Snoek
- Department of Medical Psychology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Medical Psychology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Richard G Ijzerman
- Amsterdam Diabetes Center/Department of Internal Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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83
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Harms MP, Somerville LH, Ances BM, Andersson J, Barch DM, Bastiani M, Bookheimer SY, Brown TB, Buckner RL, Burgess GC, Coalson TS, Chappell MA, Dapretto M, Douaud G, Fischl B, Glasser MF, Greve DN, Hodge C, Jamison KW, Jbabdi S, Kandala S, Li X, Mair RW, Mangia S, Marcus D, Mascali D, Moeller S, Nichols TE, Robinson EC, Salat DH, Smith SM, Sotiropoulos SN, Terpstra M, Thomas KM, Tisdall MD, Ugurbil K, van der Kouwe A, Woods RP, Zöllei L, Van Essen DC, Yacoub E. Extending the Human Connectome Project across ages: Imaging protocols for the Lifespan Development and Aging projects. Neuroimage 2018; 183:972-984. [PMID: 30261308 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2018.09.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 251] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Revised: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The Human Connectome Projects in Development (HCP-D) and Aging (HCP-A) are two large-scale brain imaging studies that will extend the recently completed HCP Young-Adult (HCP-YA) project to nearly the full lifespan, collecting structural, resting-state fMRI, task-fMRI, diffusion, and perfusion MRI in participants from 5 to 100+ years of age. HCP-D is enrolling 1300+ healthy children, adolescents, and young adults (ages 5-21), and HCP-A is enrolling 1200+ healthy adults (ages 36-100+), with each study collecting longitudinal data in a subset of individuals at particular age ranges. The imaging protocols of the HCP-D and HCP-A studies are very similar, differing primarily in the selection of different task-fMRI paradigms. We strove to harmonize the imaging protocol to the greatest extent feasible with the completed HCP-YA (1200+ participants, aged 22-35), but some imaging-related changes were motivated or necessitated by hardware changes, the need to reduce the total amount of scanning per participant, and/or the additional challenges of working with young and elderly populations. Here, we provide an overview of the common HCP-D/A imaging protocol including data and rationales for protocol decisions and changes relative to HCP-YA. The result will be a large, rich, multi-modal, and freely available set of consistently acquired data for use by the scientific community to investigate and define normative developmental and aging related changes in the healthy human brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael P Harms
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
| | - Leah H Somerville
- Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA; Center for Brain Science, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Beau M Ances
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jesper Andersson
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, Oxford Centre for Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Brain (FMRIB), Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Deanna M Barch
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Matteo Bastiani
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, Oxford Centre for Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Brain (FMRIB), Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Susan Y Bookheimer
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Timothy B Brown
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Randy L Buckner
- Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA; Center for Brain Science, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA; Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Gregory C Burgess
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Timothy S Coalson
- Department of Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Michael A Chappell
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, Oxford Centre for Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Brain (FMRIB), Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Mirella Dapretto
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Gwenaëlle Douaud
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, Oxford Centre for Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Brain (FMRIB), Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Bruce Fischl
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Matthew F Glasser
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; St. Luke's Hospital, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Douglas N Greve
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Cynthia Hodge
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Keith W Jamison
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Saad Jbabdi
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, Oxford Centre for Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Brain (FMRIB), Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Sridhar Kandala
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Xiufeng Li
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Ross W Mair
- Center for Brain Science, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA; Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Silvia Mangia
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Daniel Marcus
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Daniele Mascali
- Centro Fermi - Museo Storico della Fisica e Centro Studi e Ricerche "Enrico Fermi", Rome, Italy
| | - Steen Moeller
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Thomas E Nichols
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, Oxford Centre for Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Brain (FMRIB), Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Oxford Big Data Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre for Health Information and Discovery, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Department of Statistics, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Emma C Robinson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, King's College London, London, UK
| | - David H Salat
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Stephen M Smith
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, Oxford Centre for Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Brain (FMRIB), Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Stamatios N Sotiropoulos
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, Oxford Centre for Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Brain (FMRIB), Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Melissa Terpstra
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Kathleen M Thomas
- Institute of Child Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - M Dylan Tisdall
- Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Kamil Ugurbil
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Andre van der Kouwe
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Roger P Woods
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Lilla Zöllei
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David C Van Essen
- Department of Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Essa Yacoub
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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84
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Mathew RC, Kramer CM. Recent advances in magnetic resonance imaging for peripheral artery disease. Vasc Med 2018; 23:143-152. [PMID: 29633922 DOI: 10.1177/1358863x18754694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The global burden of peripheral artery disease (PAD) is significant. This has led to numerous recent advances in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques in PAD. Older techniques such as time of flight MRI or phase contrast MRI are burdened by long acquisition times and significant issues with artifacts. In addition, the most used MRI modality, contrast-enhanced MR angiography (CE-MRA) is limited by the use of gadolinium contrast and its potential toxicity. Novel MRI techniques such as arterial spin labeling (ASL), blood-oxygen-level dependent imaging (BOLD), and first-pass perfusion gadolinium enhancement are advancing the field by providing skeletal muscle perfusion/oxygenation data while maintaining excellent spatial and temporal resolution. Perfusion data can be critical to providing objective clinical data of a visualized stenosis. In addition, there are a number of new MRI sequences assessing plaque composition and lesion severity in the absence of contrast. These approaches used in combination can provide useful clinical and prognostic data and provide critical endpoints in PAD research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roshin C Mathew
- Departments of Medicine (Cardiology) and Radiology, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Christopher M Kramer
- Departments of Medicine (Cardiology) and Radiology, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA, USA
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85
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Dalton MA, Zeidman P, McCormick C, Maguire EA. Differentiable Processing of Objects, Associations, and Scenes within the Hippocampus. J Neurosci 2018; 38:8146-8159. [PMID: 30082418 PMCID: PMC6146500 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0263-18.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Revised: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The hippocampus is known to be important for a range of cognitive functions, including episodic memory, spatial navigation, and thinking about the future. However, researchers have found it difficult to agree on the exact nature of this brain structure's contribution to cognition. Some theories emphasize the role of the hippocampus in associative processes. Another theory proposes that scene construction is its primary role. To directly compare these accounts of hippocampal function in human males and females, we devised a novel mental imagery paradigm where different tasks were closely matched for associative processing and mental construction, but either did or did not evoke scene representations, and we combined this with high-resolution functional MRI. The results were striking in showing that different parts of the hippocampus, along with distinct cortical regions, were recruited for scene construction or nonscene-evoking associative processing. The contrasting patterns of neural engagement could not be accounted for by differences in eye movements, mnemonic processing, or the phenomenology of mental imagery. These results inform conceptual debates in the field by showing that the hippocampus does not seem to favor one type of process over another; it is not a story of exclusivity. Rather, there may be different circuits within the hippocampus, each associated with different cortical inputs, which become engaged depending on the nature of the stimuli and the task at hand. Overall, our findings emphasize the importance of considering the hippocampus as a heterogeneous structure, and that a focus on characterizing how specific portions of the hippocampus interact with other brain regions may promote a better understanding of its role in cognition.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT The hippocampus is known to be important for a range of cognitive functions, including episodic memory, spatial navigation, and thinking about the future. However, researchers have found it difficult to agree on the exact nature of this brain structure's contribution to cognition. Here we used a novel mental imagery paradigm and high-resolution functional MRI to compare accounts of hippocampal function that emphasize associative processes with a theory that proposes scene construction as a primary role. The results were striking in showing that different parts of the hippocampus, along with distinct cortical regions, were recruited for scene construction or nonscene-evoking associative processing. We conclude that a greater emphasis on characterizing how specific portions of the hippocampus interact with other brain regions may promote a better understanding of its role in cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marshall A Dalton
- Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London WC1N 3AR, United Kingdom
| | - Peter Zeidman
- Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London WC1N 3AR, United Kingdom
| | - Cornelia McCormick
- Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London WC1N 3AR, United Kingdom
| | - Eleanor A Maguire
- Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London WC1N 3AR, United Kingdom
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86
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Wu X, Auerbach EJ, Vu AT, Moeller S, Van de Moortele PF, Yacoub E, Uğurbil K. Human Connectome Project-style resting-state functional MRI at 7 Tesla using radiofrequency parallel transmission. Neuroimage 2018; 184:396-408. [PMID: 30237033 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2018.09.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2018] [Revised: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
We investigate the utility of radiofrequency (RF) parallel transmission (pTx) for whole-brain resting-state functional MRI (rfMRI) acquisition at 7 Tesla (7T). To this end, Human Connectome Project (HCP)-style data acquisitions were chosen as a showcase example. Five healthy subjects were scanned in pTx and single-channel transmit (1Tx) modes. The pTx data were acquired using a prototype 16-channel transmit system and a commercially available Nova 8-channel transmit 32-channel receive RF head coil. Additionally, pTx single-spoke multiband (MB) pulses were designed to image sagittal slices. HCP-style 7T rfMRI data (1.6-mm isotropic resolution, 5-fold slice and 2-fold in-plane acceleration, 3600 image volumes and ∼ 1-h scan) were acquired with pTx and the results were compared to those acquired with the original 7T HCP rfMRI protocol. The use of pTx significantly improved flip-angle uniformity across the brain, with coefficient of variation (i.e., std/mean) of whole-brain flip-angle distribution reduced on average by ∼39%. This in turn yielded ∼17% increase in group temporal SNR (tSNR) as averaged across the entire brain and ∼10% increase in group functional contrast-to-noise ratio (fCNR) as averaged across the grayordinate space (including cortical surfaces and subcortical voxels). Furthermore, when placing a seed in either the posterior parietal lobe or putamen to estimate seed-based dense connectome, the increase in fCNR was observed to translate into stronger correlation of the seed with the rest of the grayordinate space. We have demonstrated the utility of pTx for slice-accelerated high-resolution whole-brain rfMRI at 7T; as compared to current state-of-the-art, the use of pTx improves flip-angle uniformity, increases tSNR, enhances fCNR and strengthens functional connectivity estimation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoping Wu
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, Radiology, Medical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States.
| | - Edward J Auerbach
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, Radiology, Medical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - An T Vu
- Center for Imaging of Neurodegenerative Diseases, VA Healthcare System, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Steen Moeller
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, Radiology, Medical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | | | - Essa Yacoub
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, Radiology, Medical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Kâmil Uğurbil
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, Radiology, Medical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
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87
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Fritz J, Ahlawat S, Fritz B, Thawait GK, Stern SE, Raithel E, Klyce W, Lee RJ. 10‐Min 3D Turbo Spin Echo MRI of the Knee in Children: Arthroscopy‐Validated Accuracy for the Diagnosis of Internal Derangement. J Magn Reson Imaging 2018; 49:e139-e151. [DOI: 10.1002/jmri.26241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jan Fritz
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological ScienceJohns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore Maryland USA
| | - Shivani Ahlawat
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological ScienceJohns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore Maryland USA
| | - Benjamin Fritz
- RadiologyBalgrist University Hospital Zurich Switzerland
- Faculty of MedicineUniversity of Zurich Zurich Switzerland
| | - Gaurav K. Thawait
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological ScienceJohns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore Maryland USA
| | - Steven E. Stern
- Bond Business SchoolBond University Gold Coast QLD Australia
| | | | - Walter Klyce
- Department of Orthopaedic SurgeryJohns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore Maryland USA
| | - Rushyuan J. Lee
- Department of Orthopaedic SurgeryJohns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore Maryland USA
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88
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He L, Wang J, Lu ZL, Kline-Fath BM, Parikh NA. Optimization of magnetization-prepared rapid gradient echo (MP-RAGE) sequence for neonatal brain MRI. Pediatr Radiol 2018; 48:1139-1151. [PMID: 29721599 PMCID: PMC6148771 DOI: 10.1007/s00247-018-4140-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Revised: 03/01/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sequence optimization in neonates might improve detection sensitivity of abnormalities for a variety of conditions. However this has been historically challenging because tissue properties such as the longitudinal relaxation time and proton density differ significantly between neonates and adults. OBJECTIVE To optimize the magnetization-prepared rapid gradient echo (MP-RAGE) sequence to enhance both signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) efficiencies. MATERIALS AND METHODS We optimized neonatal MP-RAGE sequence through (1) reducing receive bandwidth to decrease noise, (2) shortening acquisition train length (acquisition number per repetition time or total number of read-out radiofrequency rephrasing pulses) using slice partial Fourier acquisition and (3) simulating the solution of Bloch's equation under optimal receive bandwidth and acquisition train length. Using the optimized sequence parameters, we scanned 12 healthy full-term infants within 2 weeks of birth and four preterm infants at 40 weeks' corrected age. RESULTS Compared with a previously published neonatal protocol, we were able to reduce the total scan time by reduce the total scan time by 60% and increase the average SNR efficiency by 160% (P<0.001) and the average CNR efficiency by 26% (P=0.029). CONCLUSION Our in vivo neonatal brain imaging experiments confirmed that both SNR and CNR efficiencies significantly increased with our proposed protocol. Our proposed optimization methodology could be readily extended to other populations (e.g., older children, adults), as well as different organ systems, field strengths and MR sequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili He
- Perinatal Institute, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Ave., MLC 7009, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA.
- Pediatric Neuroimaging Research Consortium, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
- The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA.
| | - Jinghua Wang
- Department of Radiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Center for Cognitive and Behavioral Brain Imaging, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Zhong-Lin Lu
- Center for Cognitive and Behavioral Brain Imaging, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Beth M Kline-Fath
- Department of Radiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Nehal A Parikh
- Perinatal Institute, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Ave., MLC 7009, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
- Pediatric Neuroimaging Research Consortium, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
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89
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Barry DN, Chadwick MJ, Maguire EA. Nonmonotonic recruitment of ventromedial prefrontal cortex during remote memory recall. PLoS Biol 2018; 16:e2005479. [PMID: 29965966 PMCID: PMC6044544 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.2005479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Revised: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Systems-level consolidation refers to the time-dependent reorganisation of memory traces in the neocortex, a process in which the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) has been implicated. Capturing the precise temporal evolution of this crucial process in humans has long proved elusive. Here, we used multivariate methods and a longitudinal functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) design to detect, with high granularity, the extent to which autobiographical memories of different ages were represented in vmPFC and how this changed over time. We observed an unexpected time course of vmPFC recruitment during retrieval, rising and falling around an initial peak of 8–12 months, before reengaging for older 2- and 5-year-old memories. This pattern was replicated in 2 independent sets of memories. Moreover, it was further replicated in a follow-up study 8 months later with the same participants and memories, for which the individual memory representations had undergone their hypothesised strengthening or weakening over time. We conclude that the temporal engagement of vmPFC in memory retrieval seems to be nonmonotonic, revealing a complex relationship between systems-level consolidation and prefrontal cortex recruitment that is unaccounted for by current theories. Our past experiences are captured in autobiographical memories that allow us to recollect events from our lives long after they originally occurred. A part of the brain’s frontal lobe, called the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC), is known to be important for supporting autobiographical memories, especially as memories become more remote. The precise temporal profile of the vmPFC’s involvement is unclear, yet this information is vital if we are to understand how memories change over time and the mechanisms involved. In this study, we sought to establish the time course of vmPFC engagement in the recollection of autobiographical memories while participants recalled memories of different ages during functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Using a method that detects the brain activity patterns associated with individual memories, we found that memory-specific neural patterns in vmPFC became more distinct over the first few months after a memory was formed, but then this initial involvement of vmPFC subsided after 1 year. However, more remote memories (2 years and older) appeared to reengage vmPFC once again. This temporal profile is difficult to accommodate within any single existing theory. Consequently, our results provoke a rethink about how memories evolve over time and the role played by the vmPFC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel N. Barry
- Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Martin J. Chadwick
- Institute of Behavioural Neuroscience, Department of Experimental Psychology, Division of Psychology and Language Sciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Eleanor A. Maguire
- Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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90
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Algin O. Evaluation of hydrocephalus patients with 3D-SPACE technique using variant FA mode at 3T. Acta Neurol Belg 2018; 118:169-178. [PMID: 28952043 DOI: 10.1007/s13760-017-0838-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The major advantages of three-dimensional sampling perfection with application optimized contrasts using different flip-angle evolution (3D-SPACE) technique are its high resistance to artifacts that occurs as a result of radiofrequency or static field, the ability of providing images with sub-millimeter voxel size which allows obtaining reformatted images in any plane due to isotropic three-dimensional data with lower specific absorption rate values. That is crucial during examination of cerebrospinal-fluid containing complex structures, and the acquisition time, which is approximately 5 min for scanning of entire cranium. Recent data revealed that T2-weighted (T2W) 3D-SPACE with variant flip-angle mode (VFAM) imaging allows fast and accurate evaluation of the hydrocephalus patients during both pre- and post-operative period for monitoring the treatment. For a better assessment of these patients; radiologists and neurosurgeons should be aware of the details and implications regarding to the 3D-SPACE technique, and they should follow the updates in this field. There could be a misconception about the difference between T2W-VFAM and routine heavily T2W 3D-SPACE images. T2W 3D-SPACE with VFAM imaging is only a subtype of 3D-SPACE technique. In this review, we described the details of T2W 3D-SPACE with VFAM imaging and comprehensively reviewed its recent applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oktay Algin
- Atatürk Training and Research Hospital, Bilkent, Ankara, Turkey.
- National MR Research Center (UMRAM), Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey.
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91
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Comparing lesion detection of infratentorial multiple sclerosis lesions between T2-weighted spin-echo, 2D-FLAIR, and 3D-FLAIR sequences. Clin Imaging 2018; 51:229-234. [PMID: 29879598 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinimag.2018.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Revised: 04/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Infratentorial lesions in patients with multiple sclerosis are associated with long-term disability. Two-dimensional fluid-attenuated inversion recovery demonstrates poor infratentorial lesion detection when compared to T2-weighted spin echo. Evidence of improved detection with 3D fluid-attenuated inversion recovery has been conflicting. This study compares the infratentorial lesion detection performance, observer performance, and signal and contrast properties between T2-weighted spin echo, 2D, and 3D fluid-attenuated inversion recovery. METHODS Two board-certified radiologists independently reviewed and counted infratentorial lesions from 85 brain MRIs in patients with clinically definite multiple sclerosis and concurrent 3D, 2D fluid-attenuated inversion recovery, and T2-weighted spin echo sequences. Contrast-to-noise and signal-to-noise ratios were measured for 25 MRIs. Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used for pairwise comparisons of the combined average infratentorial lesion count, contrast-to-noise, and signal-to-noise ratios, and was adjusted for three pairwise comparisons using Bonferroni correction. A corrected p value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS The number of lesions on 3D fluid-attenuated inversion recovery was significantly higher than those on 2D (p < 0.001) and T2-weighted spin echo (p < 0.001). Results of contrast-to-noise and signal-to-noise ratios were overall mixed and predominantly not concordant with lesion count findings, with T2-weighted spin echo demonstrating the highest signal-to-noise ratios and contrast-to-noise ratio of lesion compared with white matter but the lowest contrast-to-noise ratio of lesion compared with gray matter. CONCLUSION The 3D fluid-attenuated inversion recovery sequence addresses the disadvantage of poor infratentorial lesion detection on 2D, while still maintaining the advantage over T2-weighted spin echo in the detection of lesions adjacent to the cerebrospinal fluid.
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92
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Howell BR, Styner MA, Gao W, Yap PT, Wang L, Baluyot K, Yacoub E, Chen G, Potts T, Salzwedel A, Li G, Gilmore JH, Piven J, Smith JK, Shen D, Ugurbil K, Zhu H, Lin W, Elison JT. The UNC/UMN Baby Connectome Project (BCP): An overview of the study design and protocol development. Neuroimage 2018; 185:891-905. [PMID: 29578031 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2018.03.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 193] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Revised: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The human brain undergoes extensive and dynamic growth during the first years of life. The UNC/UMN Baby Connectome Project (BCP), one of the Lifespan Connectome Projects funded by NIH, is an ongoing study jointly conducted by investigators at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and the University of Minnesota. The primary objective of the BCP is to characterize brain and behavioral development in typically developing infants across the first 5 years of life. The ultimate goals are to chart emerging patterns of structural and functional connectivity during this period, map brain-behavior associations, and establish a foundation from which to further explore trajectories of health and disease. To accomplish these goals, we are combining state of the art MRI acquisition and analysis techniques, including high-resolution structural MRI (T1-and T2-weighted images), diffusion imaging (dMRI), and resting state functional connectivity MRI (rfMRI). While the overall design of the BCP largely is built on the protocol developed by the Lifespan Human Connectome Project (HCP), given the unique age range of the BCP cohort, additional optimization of imaging parameters and consideration of an age appropriate battery of behavioral assessments were needed. Here we provide the overall study protocol, including approaches for subject recruitment, strategies for imaging typically developing children 0-5 years of age without sedation, imaging protocol and optimization, a description of the battery of behavioral assessments, and QA/QC procedures. Combining HCP inspired neuroimaging data with well-established behavioral assessments during this time period will yield an invaluable resource for the scientific community.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Martin A Styner
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA
| | - Wei Gao
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, USA; Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Pew-Thian Yap
- Biomedical Research Imaging Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA
| | - Li Wang
- Biomedical Research Imaging Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA
| | - Kristine Baluyot
- Biomedical Research Imaging Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA
| | - Essa Yacoub
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Minnesota, USA
| | - Geng Chen
- Biomedical Research Imaging Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA
| | - Taylor Potts
- Biomedical Research Imaging Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA
| | - Andrew Salzwedel
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, USA
| | - Gang Li
- Biomedical Research Imaging Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA
| | - John H Gilmore
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA
| | - Joseph Piven
- Carolina Institute for Developmental Disabilities, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA
| | - J Keith Smith
- Department of Radiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA
| | - Dinggang Shen
- Biomedical Research Imaging Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA
| | - Kamil Ugurbil
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Minnesota, USA
| | - Hongtu Zhu
- The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, USA
| | - Weili Lin
- Biomedical Research Imaging Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA.
| | - Jed T Elison
- Institute of Child Development, University of Minnesota, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, USA.
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93
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El Shafie RA, Paul A, Bernhardt D, Lang K, Welzel T, Sprave T, Hommertgen A, Krisam J, Schmitt D, Klüter S, Schubert K, Klose C, Kieser M, Debus J, Rieken S. Robotic Radiosurgery for Brain Metastases Diagnosed With Either SPACE or MPRAGE Sequence (CYBER-SPACE)—A Single-Center Prospective Randomized Trial. Neurosurgery 2018; 84:253-260. [DOI: 10.1093/neuros/nyy026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2017] [Accepted: 01/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rami A El Shafie
- Department of Radition Oncology, University Hospital of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- National Center for Radiation Oncology (NCRO), Heidelberg Institute for Radiation Oncology (HIRO), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Angela Paul
- Department of Radition Oncology, University Hospital of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- National Center for Radiation Oncology (NCRO), Heidelberg Institute for Radiation Oncology (HIRO), Heidelberg, Germany
- Heavy Ion Therapy Center (HIT), Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Denise Bernhardt
- Department of Radition Oncology, University Hospital of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- National Center for Radiation Oncology (NCRO), Heidelberg Institute for Radiation Oncology (HIRO), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kristin Lang
- Department of Radition Oncology, University Hospital of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- National Center for Radiation Oncology (NCRO), Heidelberg Institute for Radiation Oncology (HIRO), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Welzel
- Department of Radition Oncology, University Hospital of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- National Center for Radiation Oncology (NCRO), Heidelberg Institute for Radiation Oncology (HIRO), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tanja Sprave
- Department of Radition Oncology, University Hospital of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- National Center for Radiation Oncology (NCRO), Heidelberg Institute for Radiation Oncology (HIRO), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Adriane Hommertgen
- Department of Radition Oncology, University Hospital of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- National Center for Radiation Oncology (NCRO), Heidelberg Institute for Radiation Oncology (HIRO), Heidelberg, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Radiation Oncology (E050), German Cancer Research Center (dkfz), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Johannes Krisam
- Institute for Medical Biometry and Informatics (IMBI), Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Daniela Schmitt
- Department of Radition Oncology, University Hospital of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- National Center for Radiation Oncology (NCRO), Heidelberg Institute for Radiation Oncology (HIRO), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Klüter
- Department of Radition Oncology, University Hospital of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- National Center for Radiation Oncology (NCRO), Heidelberg Institute for Radiation Oncology (HIRO), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kai Schubert
- Department of Radition Oncology, University Hospital of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- National Center for Radiation Oncology (NCRO), Heidelberg Institute for Radiation Oncology (HIRO), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christina Klose
- Institute for Medical Biometry and Informatics (IMBI), Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Meinhard Kieser
- Institute for Medical Biometry and Informatics (IMBI), Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jürgen Debus
- Department of Radition Oncology, University Hospital of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- National Center for Radiation Oncology (NCRO), Heidelberg Institute for Radiation Oncology (HIRO), Heidelberg, Germany
- Heavy Ion Therapy Center (HIT), Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Radiation Oncology (E050), German Cancer Research Center (dkfz), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stefan Rieken
- Department of Radition Oncology, University Hospital of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- National Center for Radiation Oncology (NCRO), Heidelberg Institute for Radiation Oncology (HIRO), Heidelberg, Germany
- Heavy Ion Therapy Center (HIT), Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
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94
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McCormick C, Rosenthal CR, Miller TD, Maguire EA. Mind-Wandering in People with Hippocampal Damage. J Neurosci 2018; 38:2745-2754. [PMID: 29440532 PMCID: PMC5851780 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1812-17.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Revised: 01/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Subjective inner experiences, such as mind-wandering, represent the fundaments of human cognition. Although the precise function of mind-wandering is still debated, it is increasingly acknowledged to have influence across cognition on processes such as future planning, creative thinking, and problem-solving and even on depressive rumination and other mental health disorders. Recently, there has been important progress in characterizing mind-wandering and identifying the associated neural networks. Two prominent features of mind-wandering are mental time travel and visuospatial imagery, which are often linked with the hippocampus. People with selective bilateral hippocampal damage cannot vividly recall events from their past, envision their future, or imagine fictitious scenes. This raises the question of whether the hippocampus plays a causal role in mind-wandering and, if so, in what way. Leveraging a unique opportunity to shadow people (all males) with bilateral hippocampal damage for several days, we examined, for the first time, what they thought about spontaneously, without direct task demands. We found that they engaged in as much mind-wandering as control participants. However, whereas controls thought about the past, present, and future, imagining vivid visual scenes, hippocampal damage resulted in thoughts primarily about the present comprising verbally mediated semantic knowledge. These findings expose the hippocampus as a key pillar in the neural architecture of mind-wandering and also reveal its impact beyond episodic memory, placing it at the heart of our mental life.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Humans tend to mind-wander ∼30-50% of their waking time. Two prominent features of this pervasive form of thought are mental time travel and visuospatial imagery, which are often associated with the hippocampus. To examine whether the hippocampus plays a causal role in mind-wandering, we examined the frequency and phenomenology of mind-wandering in patients with selective bilateral hippocampal damage. We found that they engaged in as much mind-wandering as controls. However, hippocampal damage changed the form and content of mind-wandering from flexible, episodic, and scene based to abstract, semanticized, and verbal. These findings expose the hippocampus as a key pillar in the neural architecture of mind-wandering and reveal its impact beyond episodic memory, placing it at the heart of our mental life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cornelia McCormick
- Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London WC1N 3AR, United Kingdom, and
| | - Clive R Rosenthal
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas D Miller
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, United Kingdom
| | - Eleanor A Maguire
- Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London WC1N 3AR, United Kingdom, and
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95
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Tomasi DG, Shokri-Kojori E, Wiers CE, Kim SW, Demiral ŞB, Cabrera EA, Lindgren E, Miller G, Wang GJ, Volkow ND. Dynamic brain glucose metabolism identifies anti-correlated cortical-cerebellar networks at rest. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2017; 37:3659-3670. [PMID: 28534658 PMCID: PMC5718328 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x17708692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
It remains unclear whether resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rfMRI) networks are associated with underlying synchrony in energy demand, as measured by dynamic 2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoroglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET). We measured absolute glucose metabolism, temporal metabolic connectivity (t-MC) and rfMRI patterns in 53 healthy participants at rest. Twenty-two rfMRI networks emerged from group independent component analysis (gICA). In contrast, only two anti-correlated t-MC emerged from FDG-PET time series using gICA or seed-voxel correlations; one included frontal, parietal and temporal cortices, the other included the cerebellum and medial temporal regions. Whereas cerebellum, thalamus, globus pallidus and calcarine cortex arose as the strongest t-MC hubs, the precuneus and visual cortex arose as the strongest rfMRI hubs. The strength of the t-MC linearly increased with the metabolic rate of glucose suggesting that t-MC measures are strongly associated with the energy demand of the brain tissue, and could reflect regional differences in glucose metabolism, counterbalanced metabolic network demand, and/or differential time-varying delivery of FDG. The mismatch between metabolic and functional connectivity patterns computed as a function of time could reflect differences in the temporal characteristics of glucose metabolism as measured with PET-FDG and brain activation as measured with rfMRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dardo G Tomasi
- 1 National Institutes of Health, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ehsan Shokri-Kojori
- 1 National Institutes of Health, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Corinde E Wiers
- 1 National Institutes of Health, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sunny W Kim
- 1 National Institutes of Health, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Şukru B Demiral
- 1 National Institutes of Health, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Cabrera
- 1 National Institutes of Health, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Elsa Lindgren
- 1 National Institutes of Health, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Gregg Miller
- 1 National Institutes of Health, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Gene-Jack Wang
- 1 National Institutes of Health, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Nora D Volkow
- 1 National Institutes of Health, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, MD, USA.,2 National Institutes of Health, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Bethesda, MD, USA
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96
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Retrospective comparison of three-dimensional imaging sequences in the visualization of posterior fossa cranial nerves. Eur J Radiol 2017; 97:65-70. [PMID: 29153369 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2017.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Revised: 09/09/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare efficancy of three-dimentional SPACE (sampling perfection with application-optimized contrasts using different flip-angle evolutions) and CISS (constructive interference in steady state) sequences in the imaging of the cisternal segments of cranial nerves V-XII. METHODS Temporal MRI scans from 50 patients (F:M ratio, 27:23; mean age, 44.5±15.9 years) admitted to our hospital with vertigo, tinnitus, and hearing loss were retrospectively analyzed. All patients had both CISS and SPACE sequences. Quantitative analysis of SPACE and CISS sequences was performed by measuring the ventricle-to-parenchyma contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR). Qualitative analysis of differences in visualization capability, image quality, and severity of artifacts was also conducted. A score ranging 'no artefact' to 'severe artefacts and unreadable' was used for the assessment of artifacts and from 'not visualized' to 'completely visualized' for the assesment of image quality, respectively. The distribution of variables was controlled by the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. Samples t-test and McNemar's test were used to determine statistical significance. RESULTS Rates of visualization of posterior fossa cranial nerves in cases of complete visualization were as follows: nerve V (100% for both sequences), nerve VI (94% in SPACE, 86% in CISS sequences), nerves VII-VIII (100% for both sequences), IX-XI nerve complex (96%, 88%); nerve XII (58%, 46%) (p<0.05). SPACE sequences showed fewer artifacts than CISS sequences (p<0.002).
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97
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Weber KA, Sentis AI, Bernadel-Huey ON, Chen Y, Wang X, Parrish TB, Mackey S. Thermal Stimulation Alters Cervical Spinal Cord Functional Connectivity in Humans. Neuroscience 2017; 369:40-50. [PMID: 29101078 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2017.10.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Revised: 10/23/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The spinal cord has an active role in the modulation and transmission of the neural signals traveling between the body and the brain. Recent advancements in functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) have made the in vivo examination of spinal cord function in humans now possible. This technology has been recently extended to the investigation of resting state functional networks in the spinal cord, leading to the identification of distinct patterns of spinal cord functional connectivity. In this study, we expand on the previous work and further investigate resting state cervical spinal cord functional connectivity in healthy participants (n = 15) using high resolution imaging coupled with both seed-based functional connectivity analyses and graph theory-based metrics. Within spinal cord segment functional connectivity was present between the left and right ventral horns (bilateral motor network), left and right dorsal horns (bilateral sensory network), and the ipsilateral ventral and dorsal horns (unilateral sensory-motor network). Functional connectivity between the spinal cord segments was less apparent with the connectivity centered at the region of interest and spanning <20 mm along the superior-inferior axis. In a subset of participants (n = 10), the cervical spinal cord functional network was demonstrated to be state-dependent as thermal stimulation of the right ventrolateral forearm resulted in significant disruption of the bilateral sensory network, increased network global efficiency, and decreased network modularity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth A Weber
- Systems Neuroscience and Pain Lab, Department of Anesthesia, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto 94304, CA, USA.
| | - Amy I Sentis
- Systems Neuroscience and Pain Lab, Department of Anesthesia, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto 94304, CA, USA
| | - Olivia N Bernadel-Huey
- Systems Neuroscience and Pain Lab, Department of Anesthesia, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto 94304, CA, USA
| | - Yufen Chen
- Department of Radiology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Xue Wang
- Department of Radiology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Todd B Parrish
- Department of Radiology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Sean Mackey
- Systems Neuroscience and Pain Lab, Department of Anesthesia, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto 94304, CA, USA
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98
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Smith AC, Weber KA, O'Dell DR, Parrish TB, Wasielewski M, Elliott JM. Lateral Corticospinal Tract Damage Correlates With Motor Output in Incomplete Spinal Cord Injury. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2017; 99:660-666. [PMID: 29107041 DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2017.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Revised: 09/21/2017] [Accepted: 10/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the relationship between spinal cord damage and specific motor function in participants with incomplete spinal cord injury (iSCI). DESIGN Single-blinded, cross-sectional study design. SETTING University setting research laboratory. PARTICIPANTS Individuals with chronic cervical iSCI (N=14; 1 woman, 13 men; average age ± SD, 43±12y). INTERVENTIONS Not applicable. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Axial T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of spinal cord damage was performed in 14 participants with iSCI. Each participant's damage was processed for total damage quantification, lateral corticospinal tract (LCST) and gracile fasciculus (GF) analysis. Plantarflexion and knee extension were quantified using an isokinetic dynamometer. Walking ability was assessed using a 6-minute walk test. RESULTS Total damage was correlated with plantarflexion, knee extension, and distance walked in 6 minutes. Right LCST damage was correlated with right plantarflexion and right knee extension, while left LCST damage was correlated with left-sided measures. Right and left GF damage was not correlated with the motor output measures. CONCLUSIONS MRI measures of spinal cord damage were correlated to motor function, and this measure appears to have spatial specificity to descending tracts, which may offer prognostic value after SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew C Smith
- Regis University School of Physical Therapy, Denver, CO; Department of Physical Therapy and Human Movement Sciences, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL.
| | - Kenneth A Weber
- Department of Anesthesia, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA
| | | | - Todd B Parrish
- Department of Radiology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Marie Wasielewski
- Department of Physical Therapy and Human Movement Sciences, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - James M Elliott
- Department of Physical Therapy and Human Movement Sciences, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
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99
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Lee H, Kim EY, Sohn CH, Park J. Rapid whole-brain gray matter imaging using single-slab three-dimensional dual-echo fast spin echo: A feasibility study. Magn Reson Med 2017; 78:1691-1699. [PMID: 28921660 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.26910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Revised: 08/15/2017] [Accepted: 08/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To achieve rapid, high resolution whole-brain gray matter (GM) imaging by developing a novel, single-slab three-dimensional dual-echo fast-spin-echo pulse sequence and GM-selective reconstruction. METHODS Unlike conventional GM imaging that uses time-consuming double-inversion-recovery preparation, the proposed pulse sequence was designed to have two split portions along the echo train, in which the first half was dedicated to yield short inversion recovery (IR)-induced white matter suppression and variable-flip-angle-induced two-step GM signal evolution while the second half cerebrospinal fluid-only signals. Multi-step variable-flip-angle schedules and sampling reordering were optimized to yield high GM signals while balancing cerebrospinal fluid signals between ECHOes. GM-selective images were then reconstructed directly from the weighted subtraction between ECHOes by solving a sparse signal recovery problem. In vivo studies were performed to validate the effectiveness of the proposed method over conventional double-inversion-recovery. RESULTS The proposed method, while achieving one millimeter isotropic, whole-brain GM imaging within 5.5 min, showed superior performance than conventional double-inversion-recovery in producing GM-only images without apparent artifacts and noise. CONCLUSION We successfully demonstrated the feasibility of the proposed method in achieving whole-brain GM imaging in a clinically acceptable imaging time. The proposed method is expected to be a promising alternative to conventional double-inversion-recovery in clinical applications. Magn Reson Med 78:1691-1699, 2017. © 2017 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunyeol Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Eung Yeop Kim
- Department of Radiology, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Chul-Ho Sohn
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaeseok Park
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
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100
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Pietracupa S, Martin-Bastida A, Piccini P. Iron metabolism and its detection through MRI in parkinsonian disorders: a systematic review. Neurol Sci 2017; 38:2095-2101. [DOI: 10.1007/s10072-017-3099-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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