101
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Cheng X, ChiQuan H, Shi Z, Chen X, Oh K, Xia L, Liu X, Xiong P, Muo Q. Effect of spent mushroom substrate on strengthening the phytoremediation potential of Ricinus communis to Cd- and Zn-polluted soil. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2019; 20:1389-1399. [PMID: 30652507 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2018.1474439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2016] [Revised: 03/31/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Phytoremediation is a kind of efficient strategy for remediating soils polluted with heavy metals. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of spent mushroom substrate (SMS) on the phytoremediation potential of Ricinus communis in Cd- and Zn-polluted soil. We treated the soil with SMS before growing plants and analyzed the contents, distribution of heavy metals, and response of plants after growth. SMS increased the contents of Cd (5%-13%) and Zn (16%-20%) in the cell wall. This finding suggested that high amounts of Cd and Zn were absorbed and bonded to the cell wall through metabolism adaption and formed stable compounds, which reduced the damage of the heavy metal to cells. SMS also decreased the levels of superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and catalase by 9.5%-27.7%, 8.8%-30.0% and 8.5%-28.1%, respectively. Treatment of SMS alleviated the toxicity of heavy metal in plants and increased the extracted amounts of Zn and Cd by 101%-227% and 51%-189%, respectively. Hence, SMS treatment could reduce the toxicity of heavy metals to plants and strengthen the phytoremediation potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Cheng
- a College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering , Shanghai University , Shanghai , China
- b Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops , Shanghai University , Shanghai , China
| | - He ChiQuan
- a College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering , Shanghai University , Shanghai , China
- b Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops , Shanghai University , Shanghai , China
| | - Zhengchi Shi
- b Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops , Shanghai University , Shanghai , China
| | - Xueping Chen
- a College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering , Shanghai University , Shanghai , China
| | - Kokyo Oh
- c Center for Environmental Science in Saitama , Saitama , Japan
| | - Liang Xia
- a College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering , Shanghai University , Shanghai , China
| | - Xiaoyan Liu
- a College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering , Shanghai University , Shanghai , China
| | - Pengpeng Xiong
- b Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops , Shanghai University , Shanghai , China
| | - Qiong Muo
- d Guizhou Institute of Prataculture , Guiyang , Guizhou , China
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102
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Cameselle C, Gouveia S. Phytoremediation of mixed contaminated soil enhanced with electric current. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2019; 361:95-102. [PMID: 30176420 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2018.08.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2017] [Revised: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Brassica rapa is a plant species that can germinate and grow in mixed contaminated soil with PAH and metals (Cr, Pb and Cd). This plant was selected among 14 plant species for electro-phytoremediation tests because its fast germination and growth in contaminated soil. The influence of type of the electric field (AC, DC) and mode of application (continuous, periodic and polarity inversion) was studied in the electro-phytoremediation tests. The application of 1 ACV/cm potential gradient around B. rapa resulted in the effective elimination of anthracene and phenanthrene, but only minor metal removal. The results of this work suggest that alternating current (AC) may be the most suitable electric field for large scale applications. The spatial configuration of electrodes affects the distribution of the electric field in the soil. Various spatial distribution of electrodes have been tested and it has been identified that parallel anodes and cathodes on the soil surface are the most appropriate configuration for field scale applications. Other configurations can be used to concentrate the contaminant around the growing pant or to transport the contaminants from deep soil layers to the rhizosphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Cameselle
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Vigo, Rua Maxwell s/n, Building Fundicion, 36310, Vigo, Spain.
| | - Susana Gouveia
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Vigo, Rua Maxwell s/n, Building Fundicion, 36310, Vigo, Spain.
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103
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Nawaz H, Manhalter S, Ali A, Ashraf MY, Lang I. Ni tolerance and its distinguished amelioration by chelating agents is reflected in root radius of B. napus cultivars. PROTOPLASMA 2019; 256:171-179. [PMID: 30046945 PMCID: PMC6349811 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-018-1287-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The negative effect of excess nickel (Ni) on plants is well investigated but there is only little information on its influence on root anatomy and a possible amelioration by chelating agents. In this study, we utilized light microscopy to observe anatomical changes in canola (Brassica napus) roots and investigated the element content by X-ray microanalysis. Ni-tolerant (Con-II) and Ni-sensitive cultivars (Oscar) were selected for this purpose. The plants were treated with 30 ppm NiSO4. Then, citric acid and ethylene-diamine-tetra-acetic acid (EDTA) (alone or in combination) were applied to observe the influence of chelating agents in metal stress amelioration. Ni treatment led to significant swelling of the roots in the Con-II variety as compared to the cultivar Oscar. Application of EDTA reduced the root radius of Con-II plants and this effect for Ni tolerance is discussed. According to X-ray microanalyses, Ni ions were more dispersed in the sensitive cultivar as indicated by metal adsorption to the cell wall. We investigate the hypothesis that an enhanced capacity of binding metals to the cell wall allows the plants to tolerate more heavy metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Humera Nawaz
- Cell Imaging and Ultrastructure Research, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Botany, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, 40100, Pakistan
| | - Stephan Manhalter
- Cell Imaging and Ultrastructure Research, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Aamir Ali
- Department of Botany, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, 40100, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Yasin Ashraf
- Nuclear Institute for Agriculture and Biology, P.O Box 28, Jhang Road, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Ingeborg Lang
- Cell Imaging and Ultrastructure Research, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
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104
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Zhu L, Li T, Wang C, Zhang X, Xu L, Xu R, Zhao Z. The effects of dark septate endophyte (DSE) inoculation on tomato seedlings under Zn and Cd stress. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:35232-35241. [PMID: 30341750 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-3456-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 10/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Dark septate endophytes (DSEs) are a heterogeneous group of endophytic fungi that frequently colonize the roots of plants growing in trace metal element-contaminated soils. However, the functional role of DSEs in host plants growing in metal-stressed environments remains to be elucidated. In this study, two DSE strains of Phialophora mustea Neerg. (K36 and Z48) were separately inoculated in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Miller) seedlings under metal stress conditions (0, 5, 10 mg kg-1 Cd or 0, 300, 600 mg kg-1 Zn) to evaluate the effects of DSE inoculation on tomato seedlings in pot cultures. The results showed that DSE colonization increased tomato seedling biomass whether or not there was metal addition. DSE-inoculated tomatoes had a lower Cd and Zn accumulation in both the shoots and roots compared with their respective non-inoculated controls. Under metal stress conditions, DSE inoculation significantly enhanced the activities of antioxidant enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD), thus relieving the membrane lipid peroxidation damage caused by metal stress, and reduced the leaf malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations more than that of the non-inoculated treatments. The results revealed that DSE enhanced metal tolerance and improved tomato plant growth, both by the reduced metal uptake into root and shoot accumulation and by the enhanced activities of antioxidant enzymes to eliminate reactive oxygen species (ROS) stress induced by excessive metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization for Bioresources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization for Bioresources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Chaojun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization for Bioresources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaorong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization for Bioresources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Lujuan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization for Bioresources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Runbing Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization for Bioresources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiwei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization for Bioresources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, Yunnan, People's Republic of China.
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105
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Alagić SČ, Tošić SB, Dimitrijević MD, Nujkić MM, Papludis AD, Fogl VZ. The content of the potentially toxic elements, iron and manganese, in the grapevine cv Tamjanika growing near the biggest copper mining/metallurgical complex on the Balkan peninsula: phytoremediation, biomonitoring, and some toxicological aspects. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:34139-34154. [PMID: 30284709 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-3362-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Plants growing in areas polluted by heavy metals represent excellent models for the investigations related to their potentials for hazardous metals accumulation which further may help in the estimation of plant practical biomonitoring and phytoremediation potentials. In this study, the potentials of the grapevine cultivar Tamjanika from a highly polluted region in Eastern Serbia, with intensive copper mining and metallurgical activities, were estimated in regard to the potentially toxic elements such as iron and manganese; the potential danger from these metals through fruit consummation is also considered. Used methods were the following: ICP-OES analysis, calculation of biological coefficients, the Pearson correlation study, one-way ANOVA, and hierarchical cluster analysis. The results revealed that a great majority of the recorded concentrations in different plant organs were in the range of normal concentrations, as well as that the calculated accumulation rates for both metals were very low. The data also pointed to generally minimal to moderate enrichment by these metals which represents totally dissimilar situation in comparison with other heavy metals detected in the very same plant samples. The results of this study suggested that the investigated plants of the grapevine cv Tamjanika assimilated iron and manganese predominately according to their individual needs, and confirmed that the utilization of this plant species can be very effective in different biomonitoring procedures and also in the phytoremediation procedure known as phytostabilization. At the same time, it was obvious that even in aggressive circumstances its fruit was protected from some serious contamination and kept pretty safe for consummation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Slađana Č Alagić
- Technical faculty Bor, University of Belgrade, Vojske Jugoslavije 12, Bor, 19210, Serbia.
| | - Snežana B Tošić
- Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Department of Chemistry, University of Nis, Višegradska 33, Niš, 18000, Serbia
| | - Mile D Dimitrijević
- Technical faculty Bor, University of Belgrade, Vojske Jugoslavije 12, Bor, 19210, Serbia
| | - Maja M Nujkić
- Technical faculty Bor, University of Belgrade, Vojske Jugoslavije 12, Bor, 19210, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra D Papludis
- Technical faculty Bor, University of Belgrade, Vojske Jugoslavije 12, Bor, 19210, Serbia
| | - Viktorija Z Fogl
- RTB Bor, Copper Mine Majdanpek Group, DOO, Svetog Save 2, Majdanpek, 19250, Serbia
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106
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Fagorzi C, Checcucci A, diCenzo GC, Debiec-Andrzejewska K, Dziewit L, Pini F, Mengoni A. Harnessing Rhizobia to Improve Heavy-Metal Phytoremediation by Legumes. Genes (Basel) 2018; 9:genes9110542. [PMID: 30413093 PMCID: PMC6266702 DOI: 10.3390/genes9110542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Revised: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Rhizobia are bacteria that can form symbiotic associations with plants of the Fabaceae family, during which they reduce atmospheric di-nitrogen to ammonia. The symbiosis between rhizobia and leguminous plants is a fundamental contributor to nitrogen cycling in natural and agricultural ecosystems. Rhizobial microsymbionts are a major reason why legumes can colonize marginal lands and nitrogen-deficient soils. Several leguminous species have been found in metal-contaminated areas, and they often harbor metal-tolerant rhizobia. In recent years, there have been numerous efforts and discoveries related to the genetic determinants of metal resistance by rhizobia, and on the effectiveness of such rhizobia to increase the metal tolerance of host plants. Here, we review the main findings on the metal resistance of rhizobia: the physiological role, evolution, and genetic determinants, and the potential to use native and genetically-manipulated rhizobia as inoculants for legumes in phytoremediation practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilla Fagorzi
- Department of Biology, University of Florence, Via Madonna del Piano 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.
| | - Alice Checcucci
- Department of Biology, University of Florence, Via Madonna del Piano 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.
| | - George C diCenzo
- Department of Biology, University of Florence, Via Madonna del Piano 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.
| | - Klaudia Debiec-Andrzejewska
- Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Analysis, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Lukasz Dziewit
- Department of Bacterial Genetics, Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Francesco Pini
- Department of Agri-food Production and Environmental Science, University of Florence, 50144 Florence, Italy.
| | - Alessio Mengoni
- Department of Biology, University of Florence, Via Madonna del Piano 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.
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107
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Roque-Álvarez I, Sosa-Rodríguez FS, Vazquez-Arenas J, Escobedo-Bretado MA, Labastida I, Corral-Rivas JJ, Aragón-Piña A, Armienta MA, Ponce-Peña P, Lara RH. Spatial distribution, mobility and bioavailability of arsenic, lead, copper and zinc in low polluted forest ecosystem in North-western Mexico. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 210:320-333. [PMID: 30005354 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2018] [Revised: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/01/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A geochemical-environmental mapping was carried for a low polluted forest in North-western Mexico (Santiago Papasquiaro mining area), as part of the North American forests accounting for environmental behavior of arsenic (As), lead (Pb), zinc (Zn) and copper (Cu) in soil and tree components (stem wood and aciculums). Spectroscopic and microscopic techniques along with standard protocols were used to determine the mineralogical phases containing these elements, and their corresponding spatial distributions in soil and forests and mobility. In soil, total As, Pb, Zn and Cu ranged from 4.9 to 98.3, 19.6 to 768.6, 19.6 to 407.1, and 1.6 to 63.8 mg kg-1, respectively. Ultrafine particles (<5-10 μm) of arsenopyrite and sphalerite (and complex Zn-Fe phase) were the main As and Zn-bearing phases determined by SEM-EDS, respectively. Complex Pb-Cu-Fe and Cu-O oxide-like phases were the only ones containing Pb and Cu, respectively. Mobility was low for Pb, Zn and Cu, whereas a significant mobility was assessed for As. Concentrations vs. depth profiles suggested progressive accumulations of As, Pb, Zn and Cu in top soil. Total As, Pb, Zn and Cu in pine stem wood varied from 11.5 to 184.5, 98.9 to 7359.8, 3242.7 to 22197.3, 689.2 to 7179.6 μg kg-1, respectively. The respective concentrations in the pine needles ranged from 50 to 624.2, 100 to 16353.1, 120 to 46440.9 and 720 to 7200 μg kg-1, indicating an active bioaccumulation of As, Pb, Zn and Cu. A prospective environmental behavior was discussed for As, Pb, Zn and Cu in the low-polluted forest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isela Roque-Álvarez
- Department of Materials Science, Faculty of Chemical Sciences, Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango (UJED), Av. Veterinaria S / N, Circuito Universitario, 34120, Durango, DGO, Mexico; Maestría en Ciencias Agropecuarias y Forestales, MICAF, Institute for Silviculture and Wood Industry, Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango, Boulevard del Guadiana 501, Ciudad Universitaria, Torre de Investigación, 34120, Durango, DGO, Mexico
| | - Fabiola S Sosa-Rodríguez
- Economic Growth and Environment, Economics, Metropolitan Autonomous University, Azcapotzalco, Av. San Pablo 180, 02200, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Jorge Vazquez-Arenas
- Centro Mexicano para la Producción más Limpia (CMP+L), Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Avenida Acueducto S/N, Col. La Laguna Ticomán, 07340, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Miguel A Escobedo-Bretado
- Department of Materials Science, Faculty of Chemical Sciences, Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango (UJED), Av. Veterinaria S / N, Circuito Universitario, 34120, Durango, DGO, Mexico
| | - Israel Labastida
- Department of Energy, Metropolitan Autonomous University, Azcapotzalco, Av. San Pablo 180, 02200, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - José Javier Corral-Rivas
- Institute of Forestry and Wood Industry, Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango, Boulevard del Guadiana 501, Circuito Universitario, 34120, Durango, DGO, Mexico
| | - Antonio Aragón-Piña
- Institute of Metallurgy, Autonomous University of San Luis Potosí, Av. Sierra Leona 550, Lomas 2da, 78210, San Luis Potosi, SLP, Mexico
| | - Ma Aurora Armienta
- National Autonomous University of Mexico, Institute of Geophysics, UNAM, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Patricia Ponce-Peña
- Department of Materials Science, Faculty of Chemical Sciences, Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango (UJED), Av. Veterinaria S / N, Circuito Universitario, 34120, Durango, DGO, Mexico
| | - René H Lara
- Department of Materials Science, Faculty of Chemical Sciences, Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango (UJED), Av. Veterinaria S / N, Circuito Universitario, 34120, Durango, DGO, Mexico.
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108
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Liu L, Li W, Song W, Guo M. Remediation techniques for heavy metal-contaminated soils: Principles and applicability. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 633:206-219. [PMID: 29573687 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.03.161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 631] [Impact Index Per Article: 105.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Revised: 03/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Globally there are over 20millionha of land contaminated by the heavy metal(loid)s As, Cd, Cr, Hg, Pb, Co, Cu, Ni, Zn, and Se, with the present soil concentrations higher than the geo-baseline or regulatory levels. In-situ and ex-situ remediation techniques have been developed to rectify the heavy metal-contaminated sites, including surface capping, encapsulation, landfilling, soil flushing, soil washing, electrokinetic extraction, stabilization, solidification, vitrification, phytoremediation, and bioremediation. These remediation techniques employ containment, extraction/removal, and immobilization mechanisms to reduce the contamination effects through physical, chemical, biological, electrical, and thermal remedy processes. These techniques demonstrate specific advantages, disadvantages, and applicability. In general, in-situ soil remediation is more cost-effective than ex-situ treatment, and contaminant removal/extraction is more favorable than immobilization and containment. Among the available soil remediation techniques, electrokinetic extraction, chemical stabilization, and phytoremediation are at the development stage, while the others have been practiced at full, field scales. Comprehensive assessment indicates that chemical stabilization serves as a temporary soil remediation technique, phytoremediation needs improvement in efficiency, surface capping and landfilling are applicable to small, serious-contamination sites, while solidification and vitrification are the last remediation option. The cost and duration of soil remediation are technique-dependent and site-specific, up to $500ton-1 soil (or $1500m-3 soil or $100m-2 land) and 15years. Treatability studies are crucial to selecting feasible techniques for a soil remediation project, with considerations of the type and degree of contamination, remediation goals, site characteristics, cost effectiveness, implementation time, and public acceptability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianwen Liu
- School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210046, China
| | - Wei Li
- School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210046, China
| | - Weiping Song
- Department of Chemistry, Delaware State University, Dover, DE 19901, USA
| | - Mingxin Guo
- Department of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Delaware State University, Dover, DE 19901, USA.
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109
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Summer K, Reichelt-Brushett A. Trace element contaminant uptake in phytocap vegetation and implications for koala habitat, Lismore, Australia. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:24281-24292. [PMID: 29948710 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-2441-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Phytocapping is increasingly regarded as an economical and environmentally sustainable post-closure landfill management strategy. During 2013, a phytocap comprised of koala habitat trees was established on a historic landfill site in Lismore as part of an Australian trial program (A-ACAP). This case study was conducted to determine trace element contamination of the Lismore phytocap soil and foliage, and identify risks to grazing koalas. Foliage of Eucalyptus tereticornis, a key koala food tree, and Acacia melanoxylon, a reference native species, were assessed at the phytocap and an uncontaminated reference site. Concentrations of Ag, As, Hg and Pb were significantly higher in foliage from the phytocap compared to that from the reference site (p < 0.0001df 7, 52). Mean trace element concentrations in phytocap E. tereticornis foliage were compliant with state and international standards for contaminants in food and animal feed (NSW State Government, 2010; WHO and FAO, 2015) and soil was compliant with national health-based investigation levels for contaminated sites (NEPC, 2011). However, contaminant distribution was not homogenous, and As and Pb concentrations exceeded guidelines in some soil and foliage samples. Based on available guidelines and weekly dietary intake calculations, risks to koala health posed by trace element contamination of phytocap foliage are currently low, though should be managed by continued monitoring as the vegetation matures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate Summer
- School of Environment, Science and Engineering, Southern Cross University, Military Road, East Lismore, New South Wales, 2480, Australia
| | - Amanda Reichelt-Brushett
- School of Environment, Science and Engineering, Southern Cross University, Military Road, East Lismore, New South Wales, 2480, Australia.
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110
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Feng Y, Wu Y, Zhang J, Meng Q, Wang Q, Ma L, Ma X, Yang X. Ectopic expression of SaNRAMP3 from Sedum alfredii enhanced cadmium root-to-shoot transport in Brassica juncea. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2018; 156:279-286. [PMID: 29567508 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.03.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Revised: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 03/07/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
SaNRAMP3 gene cloned from a Zn/Cd hyperaccumulator Sedum alfredii was ectopicly expressed in Brassica juncea, a fast-growing and high-biomass crop plant. In a tissue culture experiment, transgenic plants were grown on MS medium with 0, 25, 50, 100, 200 μM Cd. It was shown that, at the same Cd treatment, the Cd tolerance of transgenic plants had no significant difference with those of wild-type plants (WT). However, the shoot Cd content and accumulation were improved significantly while the root Cd content and accumulation were descended significantly by SaNRAMP3 gene expression, which obviously enhanced the Cd root-to-shoot translocation factor (TF). In the hydroponic experiment, plants were cultured in nutrition solution with 0, 2.5, 25 μM Cd. Data showed that the Cd tolerance of transgenic plants had no significant difference with that of WT under the same Cd exposure. Whereas, the shoot Cd content and accumulation was increased 1.43-1.81 times and the TF was enhanced 3.09-3.51 times by SaNRAMP3 gene expression. Those results indicated that ectopic expression of SaNRAMP3 in B. juncea didn't lead to Cd sensitivity, but enhanced Cd root-to-shoot transport, so that increased shoot Cd accumulation. This study provided a possibility to improve phytoextraction efficiency of heavy metal through gene engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Feng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yingjie Wu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Meng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiong Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Luyao Ma
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxiao Ma
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoe Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
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111
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Andráš P, Matos JX, Turisová I, Batista MJ, Kanianska R, Kharbish S. The interaction of heavy metals and metalloids in the soil-plant system in the São Domingos mining area (Iberian Pyrite Belt, Portugal). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:20615-20630. [PMID: 29752668 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-2205-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
São Domingos belongs among the most important historic Iberian Pyrite Belt Cu mines. The anthrosoil is contaminated by a very high content of heavy metals and metalloids. The study was focused on evaluating the interaction of some chemical elements (Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Cu, Pb, Zn, Ag, Cd, Ni, Co, As, Sb) in the system soil vs. five autochthonous dominant plant species: Pinus pinaster Aiton, Quercus rotundifolia Lam., Agrostis sp., Juncus conglomeratus L. and Juncus effusus L. The plants are heavily contaminated by Cu, Pb, As and Zn. The bioconcentration factor proved that they exhibit features of metal tolerant excluders. The trees are accumulators of Ag, whereas the graminoids are hyper-accumulators of Ag and Juncus effusus of Co. The translocation factor confirmed that the selected elements are immobilised in the roots except for Mn and Zn in Pinus pinaster and Mn in Quercus rotundifolia and Juncus conglomeratus. The bioaccumulation of Mn, Zn and Cu at low pH increases. The increased content of Ca and Mg in the soil inhibits, in the case of some metals and metalloids, their intake to plants. Although the studied plants, despite their fitness and vitality at the contaminated sites, are not suitable for phytoextraction (except Co and Ag), they can be used for phytostabilisation at the mining habitats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Andráš
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Matej Bel University in Banska Bystrica, Tajovského 40, 974 01, Banska Bystrica, Slovakia.
| | - João Xavier Matos
- Laboratório Nacional de Energia e Geologia (Portuguese Geological Survey), Ap. 104, 7801-902, Beja, Portugal
| | - Ingrid Turisová
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Matej Bel University in Banska Bystrica, Tajovského 40, 974 01, Banska Bystrica, Slovakia
| | - Maria João Batista
- Laboratório Nacional de Energia e Geologia (Portuguese Geological Survey), Ap. 7586, 2721-866, Alfragide, Portugal
| | - Radoslava Kanianska
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Matej Bel University in Banska Bystrica, Tajovského 40, 974 01, Banska Bystrica, Slovakia
| | - Sherif Kharbish
- Geology Department, Faculty of Science, Suez University, El Salam City, Suez Governorate, 435 18, Egypt
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112
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Efficacy of EDTA and Olive Mill Wastewater to Enhance As, Pb, and Zn Phytoextraction by Pteris vittata L. from a Soil Heavily Polluted by Mining Activities. SUSTAINABILITY 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/su10061962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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113
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Khan MM, Islam E, Irem S, Akhtar K, Ashraf MY, Iqbal J, Liu D. Pb-induced phytotoxicity in para grass (Brachiaria mutica) and Castorbean (Ricinus communis L.): Antioxidant and ultrastructural studies. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 200:257-265. [PMID: 29494906 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.02.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Revised: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 02/17/2018] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Hydroponics experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of different levels of Pb on Para Grass (Brachiaria mutica) and Castorbean (Ricinus communis L). Generally, Para Grass exhibited higher tolerance to excessive concentrations of Pb in nutrient solution, whereas a consistent decline was observed in growth of Castorbean plants exposed to similar Pb levels. Malondialdehyde (MDA) and H2O2 contents exhibited contrasting results with a general decrease in Para Grass and a linear increase in case of Castorbean. In both species a decrease was noticed in the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and guaiacol peroxidase (G-POD) while catalase (CAT) activity was significantly increased. Ultrastructural studies revealed increased starch grains and adversely affected thylakoid membranes in chloroplasts of leaf cells of plants treated with 500 μM Pb. Photosynthetic parameters such as CO2 assimilation rate, stomatal conductance (gs) and transpiration rate (E) decreased in both plant species under different levels of Pb. Maximum concentrations of Pb in shoots of Para Grass and Castorbean were 1.29 and 0.352 g kg-1, respectively while in roots maximum values were 8.88 and 49.86 g kg-1, respectively. The high concentrations of Pb (about 5%) in the roots of Castorbean plants suggest its possible role in the phytoremediation/rhizofiltration of Pb contaminated water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Moman Khan
- National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan; Brandenburgische Technische Universtät Cottbus - Senftenberg, Universtätsplatz 1, 01968 Senftenberg, Germany
| | - Ejazul Islam
- National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan.
| | - Samra Irem
- National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Kalsoom Akhtar
- National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | | | - Javed Iqbal
- National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Dan Liu
- Zhejiang A & F University, Key Laboratory of Soil Contamination & Bioremediation of Zhejiang Province, Lin'an, Zhejiang, 311300, PR China
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114
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Kolbas A, Kolbas N, Marchand L, Herzig R, Mench M. Morphological and functional responses of a metal-tolerant sunflower mutant line to a copper-contaminated soil series. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:16686-16701. [PMID: 29611120 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-1837-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2017] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The potential use of a metal-tolerant sunflower mutant line for biomonitoring Cu phytoavailability, Cu-induced soil phytotoxicity, and Cu phytoextraction was assessed on a Cu-contaminated soil series (13-1020 mg Cu kg-1) obtained by fading a sandy topsoil from a wood preservation site with a similar uncontaminated soil. Morphological and functional plant responses as well as shoot, leaf, and root ionomes were measured after a 1-month pot experiment. Hypocotyl length, shoot and root dry weight (DW) yields, and leaf area gradually decreased as soil Cu exposure rose. Their dose-response curves (DRC) plotted against indicators of Cu exposure were generally well fitted by sigmoidal curves. The half-maximal effective concentration (EC50) of morphological parameters ranged between 203 and 333 mg Cu kg-1 soil, corresponding to 290-430 μg Cu L-1 in the soil pore water, and 20 ± 5 mg Cu kg-1 DW in the shoots. The EC10 for shoot Cu concentration (13-15 mg Cu kg-1 DW) coincided to 166 mg Cu kg-1 soil. Total chlorophyll content and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) were early biomarkers (EC10: 23 and 51 mg Cu kg-1 soil). Their DRC displayed a biphasic response. Photosynthetic pigment contents, e.g., carotenoids, correlated with TAC. Ionome was changed in Cu-stressed roots, shoots, and leaves. Shoot Cu removal peaked roughly at 280 μg Cu L-1 in the soil pore water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aliaksandr Kolbas
- BIOGECO, INRA, Univ. Bordeaux, Bât. B2, allée G. St-Hilaire, CS50023, F-33615, Pessac cedex, France
- Brest State University named after A.S. Pushkin, Boulevard of Cosmonauts, 21, 224016, Brest, Belarus
| | - Natallia Kolbas
- Brest State University named after A.S. Pushkin, Boulevard of Cosmonauts, 21, 224016, Brest, Belarus
| | - Lilian Marchand
- BIOGECO, INRA, Univ. Bordeaux, Bât. B2, allée G. St-Hilaire, CS50023, F-33615, Pessac cedex, France
| | - Rolf Herzig
- Phytotech Foundation, Quartiergasse 12, 3013, Berne, Switzerland
| | - Michel Mench
- BIOGECO, INRA, Univ. Bordeaux, Bât. B2, allée G. St-Hilaire, CS50023, F-33615, Pessac cedex, France.
- INRA, UMR BIOGECO 1202, Diversity and Functioning of Communities, University of Bordeaux, Bât. B2, allée G. St-Hilaire, CS50023, F-33615, Pessac cedex, France.
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115
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Dehelean A, Cristea G, Balazs Z, Magdas DA, Feher I, Voica C, Puscas RH. Macro- and Microelemental Distribution in Phaseolus Vulgaris L. Tissue Irrigated with Water with Varying Isotopic Compositions. ANAL LETT 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2018.1431655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Dehelean
- National Institute for Research and Development of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Gabriela Cristea
- National Institute for Research and Development of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Zoltan Balazs
- National Institute for Research and Development of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Dana A. Magdas
- National Institute for Research and Development of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ioana Feher
- National Institute for Research and Development of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Cezara Voica
- National Institute for Research and Development of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Romulus H. Puscas
- National Institute for Research and Development of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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116
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Paredes-Páliz K, Rodríguez-Vázquez R, Duarte B, Caviedes MA, Mateos-Naranjo E, Redondo-Gómez S, Caçador MI, Rodríguez-Llorente ID, Pajuelo E. Investigating the mechanisms underlying phytoprotection by plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria in Spartina densiflora under metal stress. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2018; 20:497-506. [PMID: 29350476 DOI: 10.1111/plb.12693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Pollution of coasts by toxic metals and metalloids is a worldwide problem for which phytoremediation using halophytes and associated microbiomes is becoming relevant. Metal(loid) excess is a constraint for plant establishment and development, and plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) mitigate plant stress under these conditions. However, mechanisms underlying this effect remain elusive. The effect of toxic metal(loid)s on activity and gene expression of ROS-scavenging enzymes in roots of the halophyte Spartina densiflora grown on real polluted sediments in a greenhouse experiment was investigated. Sediments of the metal-polluted joint estuary of Tinto and Odiel rivers and control, unpollutred samples from the Piedras estuary were collected and submitted to ICP-OES. Seeds of S. densiflora were collected from the polluted Odiel marshes and grown in polluted and unpolluted sediments. Rhizophere biofilm-forming bacteria were selected based on metal tolerance and inoculated to S. densiflora and grown for 4 months. Fresh or frozen harvested plants were used for enzyme assays and gene expression studies, respectively. Metal excess induced SOD (five-fold increase), whereas CAT and ascorbate peroxidase displayed minor induction (twofold). A twofold increase of TBARs indicated membrane damage. Our results showed that metal-resistant PGPR (P. agglomerans RSO6 and RSO7 and B. aryabhattai RSO25) contributed to alleviate metal stress, as deduced from lower levels of all antioxidant enzymes to levels below those of non-exposed plants. The oxidative stress index (OSI) decreased between 50 and 75% upon inoculation. The results also evidenced the important role of PAL, involved in secondary metabolism and/or lignin synthesis, as a pathway for metal stress management in this halophyte upon inoculation with appropriate PGPR, since the different inoculation treatments enhanced PAL expression between 3.75- and five-fold. Our data confirm, at the molecular level, the role of PGPR in alleviating metal stress in S. densiflora and evidence the difficulty of working with halophytes for which little genetic information is available.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Paredes-Páliz
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - R Rodríguez-Vázquez
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - B Duarte
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Faculty of Sciences of the University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - M A Caviedes
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - E Mateos-Naranjo
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal y Ecología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - S Redondo-Gómez
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal y Ecología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - M I Caçador
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Faculty of Sciences of the University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - I D Rodríguez-Llorente
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - E Pajuelo
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
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117
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Jiang D, Zeng G, Huang D, Chen M, Zhang C, Huang C, Wan J. Remediation of contaminated soils by enhanced nanoscale zero valent iron. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2018; 163:217-227. [PMID: 29459304 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2018.01.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Revised: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The use of nanoscale zero valent iron (nZVI) for in situ remediation of soil contamination caused by heavy metals and organic pollutants has drawn great concern, primarily owing to its potential for excellent activity, low cost and low toxicity. This reviews considers recent advances in our understanding of the role of nZVI and enhanced nZVI strategy in the remediation of heavy metals and persistent organic contaminants polluted soil. The performance, the migration and transformation of nZVI affected by the soil physical and chemical conditions are summarized. However, the addition of nZVI inevitably disturbs the soil ecosystem, thus the impacts of nZVI on soil organisms are discussed. In order to further investigate the remediation effect of nZVI, physical, chemical and biological method combination with nZVI was developed to enhance the performance of nZVI. From a high efficient and environmentally friendly perspective, biological method enhanced nZVI technology will be future research needs. Possible improvement of nZVI-based materials and potential areas for further applications in soil remediation are also proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danni Jiang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Guangming Zeng
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China.
| | - Danlian Huang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Ming Chen
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Chen Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Chao Huang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Jia Wan
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
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118
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Chen L, Wan H, Qian J, Guo J, Sun C, Wen J, Yi B, Ma C, Tu J, Song L, Fu T, Shen J. Genome-Wide Association Study of Cadmium Accumulation at the Seedling Stage in Rapeseed ( Brassica napus L.). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:375. [PMID: 29725340 PMCID: PMC5917214 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.00375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2017] [Accepted: 03/06/2018] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium is a potentially toxic heavy metal to human health. Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.), a vegetable and oilseed crop, might also be a Cd hyperaccumulator, but there is little information on this trait in rapeseed. We evaluated Cd accumulation in different oilseed accessions and employed a genome-wide association study to identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs) related to Cd accumulation. A total of 419 B. napus accessions and inbred lines were genotyped with a 60K Illumina Infinium SNP array of Brassica. Wide genotypic variations in Cd concentration and translocation were found. Twenty-five QTLs integrated with 98 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) located at 15 chromosomes were associated with Cd accumulation traits. These QTLs explained 3.49-7.57% of the phenotypic variation observed. Thirty-two candidate genes were identified in these genomic regions, and they were 0.33-497.97 kb away from the SNPs. We found orthologs of Arabidopsis thaliana located near the significant SNPs on the B. napus genome, including NRAMP6 (natural resistance-associated macrophage protein 6), IRT1 (iron-regulated transporter 1), CAD1 (cadmium-sensitive 1), and PCS2 (phytochelatin synthase 2). Of them, four candidate genes were verified by qRT-PCR, the expression levels of which were significantly higher after exposure to Cd than in the controls. Our results might facilitate the study of the genetic basis of Cd accumulation and the cloning of candidate Cd accumulation genes, which could be used to help reduce Cd levels in edible plant parts and/or create more efficient hyperaccumulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lunlin Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, National Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Nanchang Branch of National Center of Oilcrops Improvement, Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Oil Crops Biology, Crops Research Institute of Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchang, China
| | - Heping Wan
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, National Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiali Qian
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, National Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jianbin Guo
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, National Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chengming Sun
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, National Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing Wen
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, National Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Bin Yi
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, National Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chaozhi Ma
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, National Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jinxing Tu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, National Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Laiqiang Song
- Nanchang Branch of National Center of Oilcrops Improvement, Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Oil Crops Biology, Crops Research Institute of Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchang, China
| | - Tingdong Fu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, National Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jinxiong Shen
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, National Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
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119
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Zhao YP, Cui JL, Chan TS, Dong JC, Chen DL, Li XD. Role of chelant on Cu distribution and speciation in Lolium multiflorum by synchrotron techniques. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 621:772-781. [PMID: 29202288 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.11.189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Revised: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Chelants are known to enhance metal translocation in plants; however, the underlying mechanisms are still not fully understood. This study aimed to elucidate the distribution and speciation of Cu in ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) in both absence and presence of the biodegradable chelant [S,S']-ethylenediamine disuccinic acid (EDDS). The results showed that EDDS increased the Cu translocation factor from root to shoot by 6-9 folds under CuEDDS in comparison with free Cu (50-250μM). Synchrotron-based microscopic X-ray fluorescence (μ-XRF) mapping revealed that EDDS alleviated Cu deposition in the root meristem of root apex and the junction of lateral root zone, and facilitated Cu transport to root stele for subsequent translocation upwards. X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) analysis found that free Cu was sequestered in plants as a mixture of Cu-organic ligands. In the EDDS treatment, Cu was primarily present as CuEDDS (49-67%) in plants with partial chemical transformation to Cu-histidine (21-36%) and Cu(I)-glutathione (0-24%). These results suggest that EDDS improves internal Cu mobility through forming CuEDDS, thus decreasing the root sequestration of Cu, and ultimately facilitating Cu transport to plant shoots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Ping Zhao
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Jin-Li Cui
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Ting-Shan Chan
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, 101 Hsin-Ann Road, Hsinchu Science Park, Hsinchu 30076, Taiwan
| | - Jun-Cai Dong
- Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Dong-Liang Chen
- Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiang-Dong Li
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
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120
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Burges A, Alkorta I, Epelde L, Garbisu C. From phytoremediation of soil contaminants to phytomanagement of ecosystem services in metal contaminated sites. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2018; 20:384-397. [PMID: 28862473 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2017.1365340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Since the emergence of phytoremediation, much research has focused on its development for (i) the removal of metals from soil and/or (ii) the reduction of metal bioavailability, mobility, and ecotoxicity in soil. Here, we review the lights and shades of the two main strategies (i.e., phytoextraction and phytostabilization) currently used for the phytoremediation of metal contaminated soils, irrespective of the level of such contamination. Both strategies face limitations to become successful at commercial scale and, then, often generate skepticism regarding their usefulness. Recent innovative approaches and paradigms are gradually establishing these phytoremediation strategies as suitable options for the management of metal contaminated soils. The combination of these phytotechnologies with a sustainable and profitable site use (a strategy called phytomanagement) grants value to the many benefits that can be obtained during the phytoremediation of metal contaminated sites, such as, for instance, the restoration of important ecosystem services, e.g. nutrient cycling, carbon storage, water flow regulation, erosion control, water purification, fertility maintenance, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aritz Burges
- a Department of Conservation of Natural Resources , NEIKER-Tecnalia, Basque Institute of Agricultural Research and Development, Soil Microbial Ecology Group , Derio , Spain
| | - Itziar Alkorta
- b Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , BIOFISIKA Institute (CSIC-UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country , Bilbao , Spain
| | - Lur Epelde
- a Department of Conservation of Natural Resources , NEIKER-Tecnalia, Basque Institute of Agricultural Research and Development, Soil Microbial Ecology Group , Derio , Spain
| | - Carlos Garbisu
- a Department of Conservation of Natural Resources , NEIKER-Tecnalia, Basque Institute of Agricultural Research and Development, Soil Microbial Ecology Group , Derio , Spain
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121
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Lacalle RG, Gómez-Sagasti MT, Artetxe U, Garbisu C, Becerril JM. Brassica napus has a key role in the recovery of the health of soils contaminated with metals and diesel by rhizoremediation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 618:347-356. [PMID: 29132002 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.10.334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2017] [Revised: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Contaminated soils are frequently characterized by the simultaneous presence of organic and inorganic contaminants, as well as a poor biological and nutritional status. Rhizoremediation, the combined use of phytoremediation and bioremediation, has been proposed as a Gentle Remediation Option to rehabilitate multi-contaminated soils. Recently, newer techniques, such as the application of metallic nanoparticles, are being deployed in an attempt to improve traditional remediation options. In order to implement a phytomanagement strategy on calcareous alkaline peri-urban soils simultaneously contaminated with several metals and diesel, we evaluated the effectiveness of Brassica napus L., a profitable crop species, assisted with organic amendment and zero-valent iron nanoparticles (nZVI). A two-month phytotron experiment was carried out using two soils, i.e. amended and unamended with organic matter. Soils were artificially contaminated with Zn, Cu and Cd (1500, 500 and 50mgkg-1, respectively) and diesel (6000mgkg-1). After one month of stabilization, soils were treated with nZVI and/or planted with B. napus. The experiment was conducted with 16 treatments resulting from the combination of the following factors: amended/unamended, contaminated/non-contaminated, planted/unplanted and nZVI/no-nZVI. Soil physicochemical characteristics and biological indicators (plant performance and soil microbial properties) were determined at several time points along the experiment. Carbonate content of soils was the crucial factor for metal immobilization and, concomitantly, reduction of metal toxicity. Organic amendment was essential to promote diesel degradation and to improve the health and biomass of B. napus. Soil microorganisms degraded preferably diesel hydrocarbons of biological origin (biodiesel). Plants had a remarkable positive impact on the activity and functional diversity of soil microbial communities. The nZVI were ineffective as soil remediation tools, but did not cause any toxicity. We concluded that rhizoremediation with B. napus combined with an organic amendment is promising for the phytomanagement of calcareous soils with mixed (metals and diesel) contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael G Lacalle
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), P.O. Box 644, E-48080 Bilbao, Spain.
| | - María T Gómez-Sagasti
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), P.O. Box 644, E-48080 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Unai Artetxe
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), P.O. Box 644, E-48080 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Carlos Garbisu
- NEIKER, Department of Conservation of Natural Resources, c/Berreaga 1, E-48160 Derio, Spain
| | - José M Becerril
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), P.O. Box 644, E-48080 Bilbao, Spain
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122
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Wang S, Wu Z, Luo J. Transfer Mechanism, Uptake Kinetic Process, and Bioavailability of P, Cu, Cd, Pb, and Zn in Macrophyte Rhizosphere Using Diffusive Gradients in Thin Films. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2018; 52:1096-1108. [PMID: 29240996 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b01578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The transfer-uptake-bioavailability of phosphorus (P), Cu, Cd, Zn, and Pb in rhizosphere of Zizania latifolia (ZL) and Myriophyllum verticiilaturn (MV) cultivated in rhizoboxes in Lake Erhai (China) is evaluated by DGT (diffusive gradients in thin films) technique. DGT induced fluxes in sediments (DIFS) model reveals that resupply ability (r), liable pool size in sediment solid (kd), kinetic parameter (k-1), or response time (Tc) control the diffusion-resupply characters of P and Cu (standing for four metals) in rhizosphere interface. The linear fitting curves of element content in ZL or MV roots (Croot) against DGT (CDGT), porewater (C0), or sediment concentration demonstrate that Croot for five elements can be predicted by CDGT more effectively than the other methods. (I) DOC (dissolved organic carbon) in porewater controlled by OM (organic matter) in solid plus pH for Cu and Cd or (II) DOP/DTP ratio in porewater (between dissolved organic P and dissolved total P) for P controlled by Fe-bound P and OM in solid, can affect phytoavailability in rhizosphere. They lead to (I) the larger slope (s) and the linear regression coefficient (R2) in the first part than those for the complete fitting curve (ZL or MV root against CDGT(Cu) or C0(Cu) and MV root against CDGT(Cd)) or (II) the outliers above or below the fitting curve (ZL root (P) against C0(P) or CDGT(P)) and the larger R2 without outliers. DGT-rhizobox-DIFS should be a reliable tool to research phytoremediation mechanism of macrophytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengrui Wang
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University , Beijing 100875, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Water Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration Technology, Research Center of Lake Eco-environment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences , Beijing, 100012 China
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences , Beijing, 100012 China
| | - Zhihao Wu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Water Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration Technology, Research Center of Lake Eco-environment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences , Beijing, 100012 China
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences , Beijing, 100012 China
| | - Jun Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University , Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, PR China
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123
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Houzelot V, Ranc B, Laubie B, Simonnot MO. Agromining of hyperaccumulator biomass: Study of leaching kinetics of extraction of nickel, magnesium, potassium, phosphorus, iron, and manganese from Alyssum murale ashes by sulfuric acid. Chem Eng Res Des 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2017.10.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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124
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Gupta P, Rani R, Chandra A, Varjani SJ, Kumar V. Effectiveness of Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria in Phytoremediation of Chromium Stressed Soils. ENERGY, ENVIRONMENT, AND SUSTAINABILITY 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-10-7413-4_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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125
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Wang S, Dong Q, Wang Z. Differential effects of citric acid on cadmium uptake and accumulation between tall fescue and Kentucky bluegrass. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2017; 145:200-206. [PMID: 28734223 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.07.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Revised: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 07/15/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Organic acids play an important role in cadmium availability, uptake, translocation, and detoxification. A sand culture experiment was designed to investigate the effects of citric acid on Cd uptake, translocation, and accumulation in tall fescue and Kentucky bluegrass. The results showed that two grass species presented different Cd chemical forms, organic acid components and amount in roots. The dormant Cd accumulated in roots of tall fescue was the pectate- and protein- integrated form, which contributed by 84.85%. However, in Kentucky bluegrass, the pectate- and protein- integrated Cd was only contributed by 35.78%, and the higher proportion of Cd form was the water soluble Cd-organic acid complexes. In tall fescue, citric acid dramatically enhanced 2.8 fold of Cd uptake, 3 fold of root Cd accumulation, and 2.3 fold of shoot Cd accumulation. In Kentucky bluegrass, citric acid promoted Cd accumulation in roots, but significantly decreased Cd accumulation in shoots. These results suggested that the enhancements of citric acid on Cd uptake, translocation, and accumulation in tall fescue was associated with its promotion of organic acids and the water soluble Cd-organic acid complexes in roots.
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Affiliation(s)
- ShuTing Wang
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Qin Dong
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - ZhaoLong Wang
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China.
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126
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Huang X, Wang L, Ma F. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus modulates the phytotoxicity of Cd via combined responses of enzymes, thiolic compounds, and essential elements in the roots of Phragmites australis. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 187:221-229. [PMID: 28850908 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2017] [Revised: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The positive effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi on host plants under heavy metal (HM) stress conditions have been widely recognized. HMs are known to induce phytotoxicity through 1) the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), 2) the direct interaction with thiol groups or 3) the competition with essential elements. However, how AM fungus inoculation can affect defense mechanisms against cadmium (Cd) stress, which can regulate and alleviate the phytotoxicity via different pathways, is still unclear. We hypothesized that one or some factors in each pathway of phytotoxicity were involved in detoxifying Cd by inoculating with AM fungus. In this study, the involvements of enzymes, thiolic compounds, and divalent essential elements in the roots of Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud. were assessed. In addition, we also worked to elucidate the significant factors among three possible pathways involved in biosynthesis with AM fungus inoculation, using principal component analysis (PCA). The results presented here indicate that AM symbiosis can result in a marked tolerance to Cd via accumulating Cd with a shorter exposure treatment time, and obvious fluorescence in the roots was also observed. The decrease in phytotoxicity was mainly accomplished by changes in superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), non-protein thiols (NPT), calcium (Ca), manganese (Mn), and copper (Cu). These results provide comprehensive insights for elucidating the defense mechanisms by which inoculation with AM fungus has beneficial roles in helping P. australis cope with the deleterious effects of Cd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochen Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, PR China
| | - Li Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, PR China
| | - Fang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, PR China.
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127
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Pittarello M, Busato JG, Carletti P, Dobbss LB. Possible developments for ex situ phytoremediation of contaminated sediments, in tropical and subtropical regions - Review. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 182:707-719. [PMID: 28531837 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.04.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2016] [Revised: 03/23/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The growing problem of remediation of contaminated sediments dredged from harbor channels needs to be resolved by a cost effective and sustainable technology. Phytoremediation, by ex situ remediation plants, seems to have the potential to replace traditional methods in case of moderately contaminated sediments. On the other side, the need to mix sediments with soil and/or sand to allow an easier establishment of most employed species causes an increase of the volume of the processed substrate up to 30%. Moreover the majority of phytoremediating species are natives of temperate climate belt. Mangroves, with a special focus on the genus Avicennia - a salt secreting species - should represent an effective alternative in terms of adaptation to salty, anoxic sediments and an opportunity to develop ex situ phytoremediation plants in tropical and subtropical regions. The use of humic acid to increase root development, cell antioxidant activity and the potential attenuation of the "heavy metals exclusion strategy" to increase phytoextraction potentials of mangroves will be reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Pittarello
- University of Vila Velha, Ecology of Organic Matter Laboratory, Biopraticas Compound, Vila Velha, ES, Brazil.
| | - Jader Galba Busato
- University of Brasilia, Faculty of Agronomy and Veterinary Medicine, University Campus Darcy Ribeiro, Sciences Central Institute, Federal District, Brazil
| | - Paolo Carletti
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Leonardo Barros Dobbss
- Federal University of Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Unaí, MG, Brazil
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128
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Tang L, Luo W, Chen W, He Z, Gurajala HK, Hamid Y, Deng M, Yang X. Field crops (Ipomoea aquatica Forsk. and Brassica chinensis L.) for phytoremediation of cadmium and nitrate co-contaminated soils via rotation with Sedum alfredii Hance. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:19293-19305. [PMID: 28669090 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-9146-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Phytoremediation coupled with crop rotation (PCC) is a feasible strategy for remediation of contaminated soil without interrupting crop production. The objective of this study was to develop a PCC technology system for greenhouse fields co-contaminated with Cd and nitrate using hyperaccumulator Sedum alfredii. In this system, endophytic bacterium M002 inoculation, CO2 fertilization, and fermentation residue were continuously applied to improve the growth of S. alfredii, and low-accumulator Ipomoea aquatica and low-accumulator Brassica chinensis were rotated under reasonable water management. These comprehensive management practices were shown to increase S. alfredii biomass and Cd uptake and reduce Cd and nitrate concentration in I. aquatica and B. chinensis. This crop rotating system could remove 56.5% total Cd, 62.3% DTPA extractable Cd, and 65.4% nitrate, respectively, from the co-contaminated soil in 2 years of phytoremediation, and is an effective way of remediating moderately co-contaminated soil by Cd and nitrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Tang
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resources Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Weijun Luo
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resources Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Weikang Chen
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resources Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenli He
- Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Indian River Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Fort Pierce, Florida, 34945, USA
| | - Hanumanth Kumar Gurajala
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resources Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Yasir Hamid
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resources Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Meihua Deng
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resources Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoe Yang
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resources Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China.
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129
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Mayerová M, Petrová Š, Madaras M, Lipavský J, Šimon T, Vaněk T. Non-enhanced phytoextraction of cadmium, zinc, and lead by high-yielding crops. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:14706-14716. [PMID: 28456920 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-9051-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal soil contamination from mining and smelting has been reported in several regions around the world, and phytoextraction, using plants to accumulate risk elements in aboveground harvestable organs, is a useful method of substantially reducing this contamination. In our 3-year experiment, we tested the hypothesis that phytoextraction can be successful in local soil conditions without external fertilizer input. The phytoextraction efficiency of 15 high-yielding crop species was assessed in a field experiment performed at the Litavka River alluvium in the Příbram region of Czechia. This area is heavily polluted by Cd, Zn, and Pb from smelter installations which also polluted the river water and flood sediments. Heavy metal concentrations were analyzed in the herbaceous plants' aboveground and belowground biomass and in woody plants' leaves and branches. The highest Cd and Zn mean concentrations in the aboveground biomass were recorded in Salix x fragilis L. (10.14 and 343 mg kg-1 in twigs and 16.74 and 1188 mg kg-1 in leaves, respectively). The heavy metal content in woody plants was significantly higher in leaves than in twigs. In addition, Malva verticillata L. had the highest Cd, Pb, and Zn concentrations in herbaceous species (6.26, 12.44, and 207 mg kg-1, respectively). The calculated heavy metal removal capacities in this study proved high phytoextraction efficiency in woody species; especially for Salix × fragilis L. In other tested plants, Sorghum bicolor L., Helianthus tuberosus L., Miscanthus sinensis Andersson, and Phalaris arundinacea L. species are also recommended for phytoextraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markéta Mayerová
- Division of Crop Management System, Crop Research Institute, 161 06, Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Šárka Petrová
- Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology, Institute of Experimental Botany AS CR, 165 02, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Mikuláš Madaras
- Division of Crop Management System, Crop Research Institute, 161 06, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Lipavský
- Division of Crop Management System, Crop Research Institute, 161 06, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Šimon
- Division of Crop Management System, Crop Research Institute, 161 06, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Vaněk
- Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology, Institute of Experimental Botany AS CR, 165 02, Prague, Czech Republic
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130
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Moccia E, Intiso A, Cicatelli A, Proto A, Guarino F, Iannece P, Castiglione S, Rossi F. Use of Zea mays L. in phytoremediation of trichloroethylene. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:11053-11060. [PMID: 27619376 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-7570-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2016] [Accepted: 08/31/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Trichloroethylene (TCE) is a chlorinated aliphatic organic compound often detected as pollutant in soils and ground water. "Green technologies" based on phytoremediation were proven to be effective to reclaim organic pollutants (e.g. TCE) and heavy metals from different environmental matrices. In this work, we use Zea mays L. for the removal of high TCE concentrations from medium cultures. In particular, we investigated a sealed bioreactor where the growth medium was contaminated with an increasing amount of TCE, in the range 55-280 mg/L; the removal capability of the maize plants was assessed by means of GC-MS and LC-MS analyses. An accurate mass balance of the system revealed that the plants were able to remove and metabolise TCE with an efficiency up to 20 %, depending on the total amount of TCE delivered in the bioreactor. Morphometric data showed that the growth of Z. mays is not significantly affected by the presence of the pollutant up to a concentration of 280 mg/L, while plants show significant alterations at higher TCE concentrations until the growth is completely inhibited for [TCE] ≃ 2000 mg/L. Finally, the presence of several TCE metabolites, including dichloroacetic and trichloroacetic acids, was detected in the roots and in the aerial part of the plants, revealing that Z. mays follows the green liver metabolic model. These results encourage further studies for the employment of this plant species in phytoremediation processes of soils and waters contaminated by TCE and, potentially, by many other chlorinated solvents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuele Moccia
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132 - 84084, Fisciano, (SA), Italy
| | - Adriano Intiso
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132 - 84084, Fisciano, (SA), Italy
| | - Angela Cicatelli
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132 - 84084, Fisciano, (SA), Italy
| | - Antonio Proto
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132 - 84084, Fisciano, (SA), Italy
| | - Francesco Guarino
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132 - 84084, Fisciano, (SA), Italy
| | - Patrizia Iannece
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132 - 84084, Fisciano, (SA), Italy
| | - Stefano Castiglione
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132 - 84084, Fisciano, (SA), Italy
| | - Federico Rossi
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132 - 84084, Fisciano, (SA), Italy.
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131
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Gerhardt KE, Gerwing PD, Greenberg BM. Opinion: Taking phytoremediation from proven technology to accepted practice. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2017; 256:170-185. [PMID: 28167031 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2016.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Revised: 11/07/2016] [Accepted: 11/29/2016] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Phytoremediation is the use of plants to extract, immobilize, contain and/or degrade contaminants from soil, water or air. It can be an effective strategy for on site and/or in situ removal of various contaminants from soils, including petroleum hydrocarbons (PHC), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), solvents (e.g., trichloroethylene [TCE]), munitions waste (e.g., 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene [TNT]), metal(loid)s, salt (NaCl) and radioisotopes. Commercial phytoremediation technologies appear to be underutilized globally. The primary objective of this opinion piece is to discuss how to take phytoremediation from a proven technology to an accepted practice. An overview of phytoremediation of soil is provided, with the focus on field applications, to provide a frame of reference for the subsequent discussion on better utilization of phytoremediation. We consider reasons why phytoremediation is underutilized, despite clear evidence that, under many conditions, it can be applied quite successfully in the field. We offer suggestions on how to gain greater acceptance for phytoremediation by industry and government. A new paradigm of phytomanagement, with a specific focus on using phytoremediation as a "gentle remediation option" (GRO) within a broader, long-term management strategy, is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen E Gerhardt
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Perry D Gerwing
- Earthmaster Environmental Strategies Inc., Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Bruce M Greenberg
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada.
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132
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Gil-Díaz M, Pinilla P, Alonso J, Lobo MC. Viability of a nanoremediation process in single or multi-metal(loid) contaminated soils. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2017; 321:812-819. [PMID: 27720472 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2016.09.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2016] [Revised: 09/13/2016] [Accepted: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The effectiveness of single- and multi-metal(loid) immobilization of As, Cd, Cr, Pb and Zn using different doses of nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) was evaluated and compared in two different soils, a calcareous and an acidic one. The effectiveness of nZVI to immobilize metal(loid)s in soil strongly depended on the metal characteristics, soil properties, dose of nZVI and presence of other metal(loid)s. In the case of single contamination, this nanoremediation strategy was effective for all of the metal(loid)s studied except for Cd. When comparing the two soils, anionic metal(loid)s (As and Cr) were more easily retained in acidic soil, whereas cationic metal(loid)s (Cd, Pb and Zn), were immobilized more in calcareous soil. In multi-metal(loid) contaminated soils, the presence of several metal(loid)s affected their immobilization, which was probably due to the competitive phenomenon between metal(loid) ions, which can reduce their sorption or produce synergistic effects. At 10% of nZVI, As, Cr and Pb availability decreased more than 82%, for Zn it ranged between 31 and 75% and for Cd between 13 and 42%. Thus, the application of nZVI can be a useful strategy to immobilize As, Cr, Pb and Zn in calcareous or acidic soils in both single- or multi-metal(loid) contamination conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Gil-Díaz
- IMIDRA, Instituto Madrileño de Investigación y Desarrollo Rural, Agrario y Alimentación, Finca "El Encín", Alcalá de Henares, 28800, Madrid, Spain.
| | - P Pinilla
- IMIDRA, Instituto Madrileño de Investigación y Desarrollo Rural, Agrario y Alimentación, Finca "El Encín", Alcalá de Henares, 28800, Madrid, Spain
| | - J Alonso
- IMIDRA, Instituto Madrileño de Investigación y Desarrollo Rural, Agrario y Alimentación, Finca "El Encín", Alcalá de Henares, 28800, Madrid, Spain
| | - M C Lobo
- IMIDRA, Instituto Madrileño de Investigación y Desarrollo Rural, Agrario y Alimentación, Finca "El Encín", Alcalá de Henares, 28800, Madrid, Spain
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133
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Das S, Goswami S. Copper phytoextraction by Salvinia cucullata: biochemical and morphological study. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:1363-1371. [PMID: 27778270 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-7830-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2016] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The present study investigated the effect of copper on photosynthesis, antioxidant potential, and anatomical response of aquatic fern, Salvinia cucullata, with a view to ascertain its phytoremediation potential. Plants were exposed in hydroponics for 21 days to different Cu concentrations (10, 15, 20, and 30 mg/L). Significant declines in chlorophyll, carotenoids, and soluble proteins, as a function of Cu proportion were observed. Lipid peroxidation was also evident, which implied reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. However, both root and leaf tissues responded remarkably to the ROS produced, by inducing superoxide dismutase (1.6-6.5 times), catalase (1.5-5.4 times), guaicol peroxidase (1.5-7.2 times), and ascorbyl peroxidase (1.3-4.7 times) over the control. The plant showed best phytoremedial activity within Cu range of 10-15 mg/L, with maximum accumulation of 2956 ± 82.6 μg/g dw., at 15 mg Cu/L and showed efficient root to shoot translocation (translocation factor, TF > 1) at this range, which is the stipulated minimum requirement to be a hyperaccumulator. The capacity of metal extraction from environment to leaf (extraction coefficient, EC) was also high (EC = 73-197). However, at higher doses (20-30 mg/L), the plant resorted to an exclusion strategy, whereby, more metal accumulation was observed in root than in leaf. The plant conferred suitable remediation attributes by showing minimal root and leaf anatomical damages along with high Ca peaks in both the tissues, and rapid leaf stomatal closure, all of which probably helped in the Cu induced stress mitigation. Due to its widespread availability, fast growth, ability to grow in myriads of polluted environment, and having hardy physiology, this plant can be suggested for use as a suitable Cu phytoremediator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suchismita Das
- Aquatic Toxicology and Remediation Laboratory, Department of Life Science and Bioinformatics, Assam University, Silchar, 788011, India.
| | - Sunayana Goswami
- Aquatic Toxicology and Remediation Laboratory, Department of Life Science and Bioinformatics, Assam University, Silchar, 788011, India
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Praburaman L, Park SH, Cho M, Lee KJ, Ko JA, Han SS, Lee SH, Kamala-Kannan S, Oh BT. Significance of diazotrophic plant growth-promoting Herbaspirillum sp. GW103 on phytoextraction of Pband Zn by Zea mays L. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:3172-3180. [PMID: 27864737 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-8066-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Microbe-assisted phytoremediation has been considered a promising measure for the remediation of heavy metal-polluted soil. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of diazotrophic plant growth-promoting Herbaspirillum sp. GW103 on growth and lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn) accumulation in Zea mays L. The strain GW103 exhibited plant growth-promoting traits such as indole-3-acetic acid, siderophores, and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic deaminase. Treatment of Z. mays L. plants with GW103 significantly increased 19, 31, and 52% of plant biomass and 10, 50, and 126% of chlorophyll a contents in Pb, Zn, and Pb + Zn-amended soils, respectively. Similarly, the strain GW103 significantly increased Pb and Zn accumulation in shoots and roots of Z. mays L., which were 77 and 25% in Pb-amended soil, 42 and 73% in Zn-amended soil, and 27 and 84% in Pb + Zn-amended soil. Furthermore, addition of GW103 increased 8, 12, and 7% of total protein content, catalase, and superoxide dismutase levels, respectively, in Z. mays L. plants. The results pointed out that isolate GW103 could potentially reduce the phytotoxicity of metals and increase Pb and Zn accumulation in Z. mays L. plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loganathan Praburaman
- Division of Biotechnology, Advanced Institute of Environment and Bioscience, College of Environmental and Bioresource Sciences, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, 54596, South Korea
| | - Sung-Hee Park
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, School of Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeonbuk, 54896, South Korea
| | - Min Cho
- Division of Biotechnology, Advanced Institute of Environment and Bioscience, College of Environmental and Bioresource Sciences, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, 54596, South Korea
| | - Kui-Jae Lee
- Division of Biotechnology, Advanced Institute of Environment and Bioscience, College of Environmental and Bioresource Sciences, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, 54596, South Korea
| | - Jeong-Ae Ko
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, 54896, South Korea
| | - Sang-Sub Han
- Department of Forest Environment Science, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, 54896, South Korea
| | - Sang-Hyun Lee
- Department of Forest Environment Science, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, 54896, South Korea
| | - Seralathan Kamala-Kannan
- Division of Biotechnology, Advanced Institute of Environment and Bioscience, College of Environmental and Bioresource Sciences, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, 54596, South Korea.
| | - Byung-Taek Oh
- Division of Biotechnology, Advanced Institute of Environment and Bioscience, College of Environmental and Bioresource Sciences, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, 54596, South Korea.
- Plant Medical Research Center, College of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeonbuk, 54896, South Korea.
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135
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Gomes MADC, Hauser-Davis RA, de Souza AN, Vitória AP. Metal phytoremediation: General strategies, genetically modified plants and applications in metal nanoparticle contamination. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2016; 134P1:133-147. [PMID: 27611221 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2016.08.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2016] [Revised: 08/26/2016] [Accepted: 08/28/2016] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The accumulation of metals in different environmental compartments poses a risk to both the environment and biota health. In particular, the continuous increase of these elements in soil ecosystems is a major worldwide concern. Phytoremediation has been gaining more attention in this regard. This approach takes advantage of the unique and selective uptake capabilities of plant root systems, and applies these natural processes alongside the translocation, bioaccumulation, and contaminant degradation abilities of the entire plant and, although it is a relatively recent technology, beginning in the 90's, it is already considered a green alternative solution to the problem of metal pollution, with great potential. This review focuses on phytoremediation of metals from soil, sludge, wastewater and water, the different strategies applied, the biological and physico-chemical processes involved and the advantages and limitations of each strategy. Special note is given to the use of transgenic species and phytoremediation of metallic nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Angélica da Conceição Gomes
- Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais (LCA), Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia (CBB), Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense ''Darcy Ribeiro'' (UENF), Av. Alberto Lamego, 2000, Parque Califórnia, Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ 28013-602, Brazil.
| | - Rachel Ann Hauser-Davis
- Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro - UNIRIO, Av. Pasteur, 458, Urca, CEP: 22290-240, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
| | - Adriane Nunes de Souza
- Universidade Estácio de Sá - Estácio, Av. 28 de Março, 423 - Centro - Campos dos Goytacazes CEP: 28020-740, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Angela Pierre Vitória
- Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais (LCA), Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia (CBB), Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense ''Darcy Ribeiro'' (UENF), Av. Alberto Lamego, 2000, Parque Califórnia, Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ 28013-602, Brazil
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136
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Stančić Z, Vujević D, Gomaz A, Bogdan S, Vincek D. Detection of heavy metals in common vegetables at Varaždin City Market, Croatia. Arh Hig Rada Toksikol 2016; 67:340-350. [PMID: 28033096 DOI: 10.1515/aiht-2016-67-2823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2016] [Accepted: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study was aimed at the estimation of heavy metal content in vegetables sold at the city market of one of the densely populated Croatian cities, Varaždin, and to establish the relationship between their levels and possible sources of contamination. Twenty-eight samples of the most common diet vegetables (red and white potato, onion, carrot, common bean, lettuce, and cabbage) were randomly bought at the market in September and October 2013. Using the atomic absorption spectrometry method, concentrations of nine heavy metals (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn) were measured in the selected samples. The results showed that, in five out of 28 samples analysed, six concentrations exceeded the maximum levels provided for in the regulations: five for Pb and one for Cd. Maximum regulated levels for Pb were exceeded in two samples of red potato, two samples of common bean, and one sample of carrot (17.9 %), and for Cd in a sample of red potato (3.6 %). In conclusion, the cause of the overstepping of the maximum levels for Pb and Cd in the vegetables analysed was most likely the contaminated soil. The possible sources of soil contamination include traffic, nearby industry, floodwaters of rivers and streams, and the use of pesticides and fertilisers in agricultural production.
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137
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Khan I, Iqbal M, Ashraf MY, Ashraf MA, Ali S. Organic chelants-mediated enhanced lead (Pb) uptake and accumulation is associated with higher activity of enzymatic antioxidants in spinach (Spinacea oleracea L.). JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2016; 317:352-361. [PMID: 27318732 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2016.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2016] [Revised: 05/10/2016] [Accepted: 06/04/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The spinach was tested in the present studies for its phytoextraction potential. Furthermore, the study assessed whether organic chelants could reduce oxidative stress, and thus enhance growth of spinach plants under 2.42 and 4.83mM Pb regimes. Different organic chelates viz. ethylenediamine tetra acetic acid, (EDTA), citric acid (CA), oxalic acid (OA), tartaric acid (TA) and malic acid (MA) were applied separately in addition to control (without chelating agents) under different Pb regimes. The low (2.42mM) Pb regime increased biological yield (kgha(-1)). All the chelates except OA increased biological yield under low Pb regime. In contrast, TA caused less decrease in biomass under high (4.83mM) Pb regime. The chelate-assisted rise in the antioxidant activities substantially contributed to reactive oxygen species (ROS) neutralization. Of the chelates, TA was the most effective in improving Pb uptake and its root to shoot translocation. Overall, the chelate-assisted buildup of Pb in the spinach did not exhibit inhibitory effects on the plant growth possibly due to their potential to decrease Pb-induced oxidative damage. The results elaborated the potential of TA in increasing root to shoot translocation of Pb, biomass, and thus suggested its use for phytoextraction of Pb using spinach in Pb contaminated environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imran Khan
- Department of Botany, Government College University, Faisalabad (38000), Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Iqbal
- Department of Botany, Government College University, Faisalabad (38000), Pakistan.
| | | | | | - Shafaqat Ali
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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138
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Esperschuetz J, Anderson C, Bulman S, Lense O, Horswell J, Dickinson N, Hofmann R, Robinson BH. Production of Biomass Crops Using Biowastes on Low-Fertility Soil: 1. Influence of Biowastes on Plant and Soil Quality. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY 2016; 45:1960-1969. [PMID: 27898779 DOI: 10.2134/jeq2015.12.0596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Land application of biosolids to low-fertility soil can improve soil quality by increasing concentrations of macronutrients and trace elements. Mixing biosolids with sawdust could reduce the risks of contaminant accumulation posed by rebuilding soils using biosolids alone. We aimed to determine the effects of biosolids and biosolids-sawdust on the plant quality and chemical composition of sorghum, rapeseed, and ryegrass. Plants were grown in a greenhouse over a 5-mo period in a low-fertility soil amended with biosolids (1250 kg N ha), biosolids-sawdust (0.5:1), or urea (200 kg N ha). Biosolids application increased the biomass of sorghum, rapeseed, and ryegrass up to 14.0, 11.9, and 4.1 t ha eq, respectively. Mixing sawdust with biosolids resulted in a growth response similar to biosolids treatments in rapeseed but nullified the effect of biosolids in sorghum. Urea fertilization provided insufficient nutrients to promote rapeseed growth and seed production, whereas seed yields after biosolids application were 2.5 t ha. Biosolids and biosolids-sawdust application enhanced plant quality by increasing element concentrations, especially Zn, and potentially toxic elements (Cd, Cr, Ni) did not exceed food safety standards. An application of 50 t ha of biosolids, equivalent to 1250 kg N ha, did not exceed current soil limits of Cu, Zn, and Cd and hence was effective in rebuilding soil without accumulating contaminants. The effect of mixing sawdust with biosolids varies with plant species but can further enhance plant nutrient quality in biomass and seeds, especially P, Cu, Zn, Mn, Fe, S, and Na.
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139
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Yuan Y, Yu S, Bañuelos GS, He Y. Accumulation of Cr, Cd, Pb, Cu, and Zn by plants in tanning sludge storage sites: opportunities for contamination bioindication and phytoremediation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:22477-22487. [PMID: 27552994 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-7469-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2016] [Accepted: 08/12/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Tanning sludge enriched with high concentrations of Cr and other metals has adverse effects on the environment. Plants growing in the metalliferous soils may have the ability to cope with high metal concentrations. This study focuses on potentials of using native plants for bioindication and/or phytoremediation of Cr-contaminated sites. In the study, we characterized plants and soils from six tanning sludge storage sites. Soil in these sites exhibited toxic levels of Cr (averaged 16,492 mg kg-1) and other metals (e.g., 48.3 mg Cu kg-1, 2370 mg Zn kg-1, 44.9 mg Pb kg-1, and 0.59 mg Cd kg-1). Different metal tolerance and accumulation patterns were observed among the sampled plant species. Phragmites australis, Zephyranthes candida, Cynodon dactylon, and Alternanthera philoxeroides accumulated moderate-high concentrations of Cr and other metals, which could make them good bioindicators of heavy metal pollution. High Cr and other metal concentrations (e.g., Cd and Pb) were found in Chenopodium rubrum (372 mg Cr kg-1), Aster subulatus (310 mg Cr kg-1), and Brassica chinensis (300 mg Cr kg-1), being considered as metal accumulators. In addition, Nerium indicum and Z. candida were able to tolerate high concentrations of Cr and other metals, and they may be used as preferable pioneer species to grow or use for restoration in Cr-contaminated sites. This study can be useful for establishing guidelines to select the most suitable plant species to revegetate and remediate metals in tanning sludge-contaminated fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongqiang Yuan
- Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1799 Jimei Road, Xiamen, 301021, China.
| | - Shen Yu
- Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1799 Jimei Road, Xiamen, 301021, China
| | - G S Bañuelos
- Water Management Research Unit, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, San Joaquin Valley Agricultural Sciences Center, 9611 South Riverbend Avenue, Parlier, CA, 93648-9757, USA
| | - Yunfeng He
- College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
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140
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Montalbán B, Croes S, Weyens N, Lobo MC, Pérez-Sanz A, Vangronsveld J. Characterization of bacterial communities associated with Brassica napus L. growing on a Zn-contaminated soil and their effects on root growth. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2016; 18:985-993. [PMID: 27159736 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2016.1183566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The interaction between plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) and plants can enhance biomass production and metal tolerance of the host plants. This work aimed at isolating and characterizing the cultivable bacterial community associated with Brassica napus growing on a Zn-contaminated site, for selecting cultivable PGPB that might enhance biomass production and metal tolerance of energy crops. The effects of some of these bacterial strains on root growth of B. napus exposed to increasing Zn and Cd concentrations were assessed. A total of 426 morphologically different bacterial strains were isolated from the soil, the rhizosphere, and the roots and stems of B. napus. The diversity of the isolated bacterial populations was similar in rhizosphere and roots, but lower in soil and stem compartments. Burkoholderia, Alcaligenes, Agrococcus, Polaromonas, Stenotrophomonas, Serratia, Microbacterium, and Caulobacter were found as root endophytes exclusively. The inoculation of seeds with Pseudomonas sp. strains 228 and 256, and Serratia sp. strain 246 facilitated the root development of B. napus at 1,000 µM Zn. Arthrobacter sp. strain 222, Serratia sp. strain 246, and Pseudomonas sp. 228 and 262 increased the root length at 300 µM Cd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blanca Montalbán
- a Departamento de Investigación Agroambiental , Alcalá de Henares , Madrid , Spain
- b Environmental Biology, Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University , Diepenbeek , Belgiu
| | - Sarah Croes
- b Environmental Biology, Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University , Diepenbeek , Belgiu
| | - Nele Weyens
- b Environmental Biology, Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University , Diepenbeek , Belgiu
| | - M Carmen Lobo
- a Departamento de Investigación Agroambiental , Alcalá de Henares , Madrid , Spain
| | - Araceli Pérez-Sanz
- a Departamento de Investigación Agroambiental , Alcalá de Henares , Madrid , Spain
| | - Jaco Vangronsveld
- b Environmental Biology, Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University , Diepenbeek , Belgiu
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141
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Paredes-Páliz KI, Caviedes MA, Doukkali B, Mateos-Naranjo E, Rodríguez-Llorente ID, Pajuelo E. Screening beneficial rhizobacteria from Spartina maritima for phytoremediation of metal polluted salt marshes: comparison of gram-positive and gram-negative strains. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:19825-19837. [PMID: 27417328 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-7184-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Accepted: 07/04/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The aim of our work was the isolation and characterization of bacteria from the rhizosphere of Spartina maritima in the metal contaminated Odiel estuary (Huelva, SW Spain). From 25 strains, 84 % were identified as gram-positive, particularly Staphylococcus and Bacillus. Gram-negative bacteria were represented by Pantoea and Salmonella. Salt and heavy metal tolerance, metal bioabsorption, plant growth promoting (PGP) properties, and biofilm formation were investigated in the bacterial collection. Despite the higher abundance of gram-positive bacteria, gram-negative isolates displayed higher tolerance toward metal(loid)s (As, Cu, Zn, and Pb) and greater metal biosorption, as deduced from ICP-OES and SEM-EDX analyses. Besides, they exhibited better PGP properties, which were retained in the presence of metals and the ability to form biofilms. Gram-negative strains Pantoea agglomerans RSO6 and RSO7, together with gram-positive Bacillus aryabhattai RSO25, were selected for a bacterial consortium aimed to inoculate S. maritima plants in metal polluted estuaries for phytoremediation purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina I Paredes-Páliz
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, c/Profesor García González, 2, 41012, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Miguel A Caviedes
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, c/Profesor García González, 2, 41012, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Bouchra Doukkali
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, c/Profesor García González, 2, 41012, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Enrique Mateos-Naranjo
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal y Ecología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, c/Profesor García González, 4, 41012, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Ignacio D Rodríguez-Llorente
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, c/Profesor García González, 2, 41012, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Eloísa Pajuelo
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, c/Profesor García González, 2, 41012, Sevilla, Spain.
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142
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Alagić SČ, Tošić SB, Dimitrijević MD, Petrović JV, Medić DV. Chemometric evaluation of trace metals in Prunus persica L. Batech and Malus domestica from Minićevo (Serbia). Food Chem 2016; 217:568-575. [PMID: 27664673 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2015] [Revised: 08/05/2016] [Accepted: 09/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The samples of spatial soils and different organs of Prunus persica L. Batech and Malus domestica were analyzed by methods such as inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES), Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA), One-way ANOVA, and calculation of biological accumulation factors (BAFs) with the aim of investigating whether these methods may help in the evaluation of trace metals in plants, as well as in the estimation of plant bioaccumulation potentials. ICP-OES provided accurate data on present concentrations of Cu, Zn, Pb, As, Cd, and Ni which showed that most concentrations were in normal ranges, except in some cases for Cu, Zn, and As. HCA illustrated nicely various specifics in the distribution of metals in both investigated systems plant-soil. One-way ANOVA pointed successfully on the existing statistical differences between metal concentrations. Calculated BAFs showed that both plants had very low accumulation rates for all elements; they acted as metal excluders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Slađana Č Alagić
- University of Belgrade, Technical Faculty Bor, Vojske Jugoslavije 12, 19210 Bor, Serbia.
| | - Snežana B Tošić
- University of Nis, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Department of Chemistry, Višegradska 33, 18000 Niš, Serbia
| | - Mile D Dimitrijević
- University of Belgrade, Technical Faculty Bor, Vojske Jugoslavije 12, 19210 Bor, Serbia
| | - Jelena V Petrović
- The Mining and Metallurgy Institute in Bor, Zeleni bulevar 35, 19210 Bor, Serbia
| | - Dragana V Medić
- University of Belgrade, Technical Faculty Bor, Vojske Jugoslavije 12, 19210 Bor, Serbia
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143
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Cid CV, Rodriguez JH, Salazar MJ, Blanco A, Pignata ML. Effects of co-cropping Bidens pilosa (L.) and Tagetes minuta (L.) on bioaccumulation of Pb in Lactuca sativa (L.) growing in polluted agricultural soils. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2016; 18:908-17. [PMID: 26940382 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2016.1156636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Polluted agricultural soils are a serious problem for food safety, with phytoremediation being the most favorable alternative from the environmental perspective. However, this methodology is generally time-consuming and requires the cessation of agriculture. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate two potential phytoextractor plants (the native species Bidens pilosa and Tagetes minuta) co-cropped with lettuce growing on agricultural lead-polluted soils. The concentrations of Pb, as well as of other metals, were investigated in the phytoextractors, crop species, and in soils, with the potential risk to the health of consumers being estimated. The soil parameters pH, EC, organic matter percentage and bioavailable lead showed a direct relationship with the accumulation of Pb in roots. In addition, the concentration of Pb in roots of native species was closely related to Fe (B. pilosa, r = 0.81; T. minuta r = 0.75), Cu (T. minuta, r = 0.93), Mn (B. pilosa, r = 0.89) and Zn (B. pilosa, r = 0.91; T. minuta, r = 0.91). Our results indicate that the interaction between rhizospheres increased the phytoextraction of lead, which was accompanied by an increase in the biomass of the phytoextractor species. However, the consumption of lettuce still revealed a toxicological risk from Pb in all treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Vergara Cid
- a Multidisciplinary Institute of Plant Biology, Pollution and Bioindicator section, Faculty of Physical and Natural Sciences, National University of Córdoba , Córdoba , Argentina
| | - Judith Hebelen Rodriguez
- a Multidisciplinary Institute of Plant Biology, Pollution and Bioindicator section, Faculty of Physical and Natural Sciences, National University of Córdoba , Córdoba , Argentina
| | - María Julieta Salazar
- a Multidisciplinary Institute of Plant Biology, Pollution and Bioindicator section, Faculty of Physical and Natural Sciences, National University of Córdoba , Córdoba , Argentina
| | - Andrés Blanco
- a Multidisciplinary Institute of Plant Biology, Pollution and Bioindicator section, Faculty of Physical and Natural Sciences, National University of Córdoba , Córdoba , Argentina
| | - María Luisa Pignata
- a Multidisciplinary Institute of Plant Biology, Pollution and Bioindicator section, Faculty of Physical and Natural Sciences, National University of Córdoba , Córdoba , Argentina
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144
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Ngo LK, Pinch BM, Bennett WW, Teasdale PR, Jolley DF. Assessing the uptake of arsenic and antimony from contaminated soil by radish (Raphanus sativus) using DGT and selective extractions. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2016; 216:104-114. [PMID: 27239694 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.05.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2016] [Revised: 05/10/2016] [Accepted: 05/12/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The enrichment of soil arsenic (As) and antimony (Sb) is putting increasing pressure on the environment and human health. The biogeochemical behaviour of Sb and its uptake mechanisms by plants are poorly understood and generally assumed to be similar to that of As. In this study, the lability of As and Sb under agricultural conditions in historically contaminated soils was assessed. Soils were prepared by mixing historically As and Sb-contaminated soil with an uncontaminated soil at different ratios. The lability of As and Sb in the soils was assessed using various approaches: the diffusive gradients in thin films technique (DGT) (as CDGT), soil solution analysis, and sequential extraction procedure (SEP). Lability was compared to the bioaccumulation of As and Sb by various compartments of radish (Raphanus sativus) grown in these soils in a pot experiment. Irrespective of the method, all of the labile fractions showed that both As and Sb were firmly bound to the solid phases, and that Sb was less mobile than As, although total soil Sb concentrations were higher than total soil As. The bioassay demonstrated low bioaccumulation of As and Sb into R. sativus due to their low lability of As and Sb in soils and that there are likely to be differences in their mechanisms of uptake. As accumulated in R. sativus roots was much higher (2.5-21 times) than that of Sb, while the Sb translocated from roots to shoots was approximately 2.5 times higher than that of As. As and Sb in R. sativus tissues were strongly correlated with their labile concentrations measured by DGT, soil solution, and SEP. These techniques are useful measures for predicting bioavailable As and Sb in the historically contaminated soil to R. sativus. This is the first study to demonstrate the suitability of DGT to measure labile Sb in soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lien K Ngo
- School of Chemistry, University of Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Benjamin M Pinch
- School of Chemistry, University of Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - William W Bennett
- Environmental Futures Research Institute, Griffith School of Environment, Griffith University, QLD 4215, Australia
| | - Peter R Teasdale
- Environmental Futures Research Institute, Griffith School of Environment, Griffith University, QLD 4215, Australia
| | - Dianne F Jolley
- School of Chemistry, University of Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia.
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145
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Liu Y, Liu K, Li Y, Yang W, Wu F, Zhu P, Zhang J, Chen L, Gao S, Zhang L. Cadmium contamination of soil and crops is affected by intercropping and rotation systems in the lower reaches of the Minjiang River in south-western China. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2016; 38:811-20. [PMID: 26323960 PMCID: PMC4866985 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-015-9762-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2015] [Accepted: 08/24/2015] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) accumulation and pollution in arable soils are particularly serious in the lower reaches of the Minjiang River in southwest of China. In this study, the remediation efficiency of Cd contamination in arable soils, the distribution pattern of Cd concentration in crops, and the food safety to humans of three typical cropping systems (S1: maize + sweet potato-Chinese cabbage, S2: maize + ginger-stem mustard, and S3: rice) were investigated and evaluated. After 1-year rotation, the percentage of Cd extracted by crops from the plough soil layer was observed in three system fields with the trend of S1 (2.30 %) > S2 (1.16 %) > S3 (0.21 %) and Cd extraction amount in crops was maximum in sweet potato, then in maize. The same kind of crop had the same pattern of Cd distribution in organs, and the edible parts generally accumulated less Cd amount than the inedible parts. Further, the grain crops were found to possibly be suitable one for using as phytoaccumulators of Cd contamination for farmlands. Direct consumption of these crops from the three systems would pose a high health risk to local inhabitants since it would result in the monthly intake of Cd (247 μg kg(-1) body weight) being nearly 10 times higher than the recommended tolerable monthly intake (RTMI) (25 μg kg(-1) body weight), resulting mainly from the consumption of vegetables rather than the grains, which would be potentially reduced by these foods being consumed by livestock firstly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Ecological Forestry Engineering in Sichuan Province, Institute of Ecology & Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Ecological Security in the Upper Reaches of Yangtze River, Chengdu, China
| | - Kai Liu
- Sichuan Forestry Exploration and Design Institute, Chengdu, 610081, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Ecological Security in the Upper Reaches of Yangtze River, Chengdu, China
| | - Yong Li
- Key Laboratory of Ecological Forestry Engineering in Sichuan Province, Institute of Ecology & Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Ecological Security in the Upper Reaches of Yangtze River, Chengdu, China
| | - Wanqin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Ecological Forestry Engineering in Sichuan Province, Institute of Ecology & Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Ecological Security in the Upper Reaches of Yangtze River, Chengdu, China
| | - Fuzhong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Ecological Forestry Engineering in Sichuan Province, Institute of Ecology & Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Ecological Security in the Upper Reaches of Yangtze River, Chengdu, China
| | - Peng Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Ecological Forestry Engineering in Sichuan Province, Institute of Ecology & Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Ecological Security in the Upper Reaches of Yangtze River, Chengdu, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Ecological Forestry Engineering in Sichuan Province, Institute of Ecology & Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Ecological Security in the Upper Reaches of Yangtze River, Chengdu, China.
| | - Lianghua Chen
- Key Laboratory of Ecological Forestry Engineering in Sichuan Province, Institute of Ecology & Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Ecological Security in the Upper Reaches of Yangtze River, Chengdu, China
| | - Shun Gao
- Key Laboratory of Ecological Forestry Engineering in Sichuan Province, Institute of Ecology & Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Ecological Security in the Upper Reaches of Yangtze River, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Ecological Forestry Engineering in Sichuan Province, Institute of Ecology & Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Ecological Security in the Upper Reaches of Yangtze River, Chengdu, China
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146
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Tošić S, Alagić S, Dimitrijević M, Pavlović A, Nujkić M. Plant parts of the apple tree (Malus spp.) as possible indicators of heavy metal pollution. AMBIO 2016; 45:501-12. [PMID: 26711894 PMCID: PMC4824701 DOI: 10.1007/s13280-015-0742-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2015] [Revised: 09/22/2015] [Accepted: 11/24/2015] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The content of Cu, Zn, Pb, As, Cd, and Ni was determined by ICP-OES in spatial soil and parts (root, branches, leaves, and fruit) of the apple tree (Malus spp.) from polluted sites near The Mining and Smelting Complex Bor (Serbia). The aim of this study was to examine if the obtained results can be used for biomonitoring purposes. Data recorded in plant parts, especially leaves, gave very useful information about the environmental state of the Bor region. Conveniently, these data described well the capability of investigated plant species to assimilate and tolerate severely high concentrations of heavy metals in its tissues, which may further allow the possibility for utilization of the apple tree for phytostabilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Snežana Tošić
- />Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, University of Niš, Višegradska 33, Nis, 18000 Serbia
| | - Slađana Alagić
- />Technical Faculty Bor, University of Belgrade, Vojske Jugoslavije 12, Bor, 19210 Serbia
| | - Mile Dimitrijević
- />Technical Faculty Bor, University of Belgrade, Vojske Jugoslavije 12, Bor, 19210 Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Pavlović
- />Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, University of Niš, Višegradska 33, Nis, 18000 Serbia
| | - Maja Nujkić
- />Technical Faculty Bor, University of Belgrade, Vojske Jugoslavije 12, Bor, 19210 Serbia
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147
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Dilks RT, Monette F, Glaus M. The major parameters on biomass pyrolysis for hyperaccumulative plants--A review. CHEMOSPHERE 2016; 146:385-95. [PMID: 26741543 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.12.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2015] [Revised: 12/11/2015] [Accepted: 12/17/2015] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Phytoextraction is one of the main phytoremediation techniques and it has often been described as a potentially feasible in situ soil decontamination method of large amounts of heavy metals, organic pollutants and explosive compounds. As this remediation technique is approaching extensive on-field experimentation and commercialization, research focus is on investigating new ways to achieve the valorisation of its by-products. Biomass pyrolysis represents a key step to numerous valorisation options and it is characterized by differential output products that are determined by the operating conditions of the process and the characteristics of the input. However, when used to valorise plants that have undergone significant metal uptake, this strategy involves some new aspects related to harvest, procedure and final product reutilization. This paper reviews the studies made on biomass pyrolysis of plants with emphasis on the differential quality and distribution of pyrolysis products in relation with the variables of the process and the metal-rich phytoextraction feedstock properties. By investigating these parameters, this survey provides indications on ways to optimize the valorisation of phytoremediation by-products through biomass pyrolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- R T Dilks
- École de technologie supérieure - Université du Québec, Construction Engineering Department, 1100 Notre-Dame Street West, Montreal, Quebec, H3C 1K3, Canada.
| | - F Monette
- École de technologie supérieure - Université du Québec, Construction Engineering Department, 1100 Notre-Dame Street West, Montreal, Quebec, H3C 1K3, Canada.
| | - M Glaus
- École de technologie supérieure - Université du Québec, Construction Engineering Department, 1100 Notre-Dame Street West, Montreal, Quebec, H3C 1K3, Canada.
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148
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Wang R, Guo J, Xu Y, Ding Y, Shen Y, Zheng X, Feng R. Evaluation of silkworm excrement and mushroom dreg for the remediation of multiple heavy metal/metalloid contaminated soil using pakchoi. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2016; 124:239-247. [PMID: 26546906 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2015.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2015] [Revised: 10/09/2015] [Accepted: 10/13/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The economical, environmental friendly and efficient materials to remediate the pollution with multiple heavy metals and metalloids are scarce. Silkworm excrement (SE) and mushroom dregs (MD) are two types of agricultural wastes, and they are widely used to improve the soil fertility in many regions of China. A pot experiment with sixteen treatments was set up to assess the possibility of using SE and MD to stabilize heavy metals and metalloids and reduce their uptake in pakchoi cultivated in slightly contaminated soils with arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn). The results showed that the single addition of SE obviously stimulated the growth of pakchoi, reduced the contents of all tested heavy metals and metalloids in the edible part of pakchoi and availability of Zn and Cd in soil. The single MD treatment showed an inferior ability to enhance the growth and reduce the contents of heavy metals and metalloids in the edible part of pakchoi. The combined utilization of SE and MD appeared not to show better effects than their individual treatment when using them to remediate this contaminated soil. Some potential mechanisms on the stimulation on pakchoi growth and decreasing the accumulation of heavy metals and metalloids in pakchoi subjected to SE were suggested, including: (1) enhancing soil pH to impact the availability of heavy metals and metalloids; (2) improve the fertility of soil; (3) sulfhydryl groups of organic materials in SE play a role in conjugating heavy metals and metalloids to affect their availability in soil; and (4) stimulating the growth of pakchoi so as to show a "dilution effect" of heavy metals and metalloids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruigang Wang
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Tianjin 300191, China; Innovation Team of Remediation of Heavy Metal Contaminated Farmland Soil, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China
| | - Junkang Guo
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Tianjin 300191, China; Innovation Team of Remediation of Heavy Metal Contaminated Farmland Soil, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China
| | - Yingming Xu
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Tianjin 300191, China; Innovation Team of Remediation of Heavy Metal Contaminated Farmland Soil, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China
| | - Yongzhen Ding
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Tianjin 300191, China
| | - Yue Shen
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Tianjin 300191, China
| | - Xiangqun Zheng
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Tianjin 300191, China
| | - Renwei Feng
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Tianjin 300191, China; Innovation Team of Remediation of Heavy Metal Contaminated Farmland Soil, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China.
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149
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Gil-Díaz M, González A, Alonso J, Lobo MC. Evaluation of the stability of a nanoremediation strategy using barley plants. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2016; 165:150-158. [PMID: 26431642 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2015.09.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2014] [Revised: 09/21/2015] [Accepted: 09/22/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the effectiveness of nZVI in reducing the availability of Cd, Cr or Zn in polluted soils. The influence of this nanoremediation process on the development of barley plants as well as its impact on soil properties and the stability of the metal immobilization afterwards were also evaluated in a greenhouse experiment. The application of nZVI reduced the availability of these metals in the soil, but the effectiveness of the immobilization and its stability depended on the metal chemical characteristics. Cadmium distribution in soil fractions showed an important change after the barley crop, favoring the immobilization of Cd in RS fraction for both nZVI-treated and untreated soils. The Cr immobilization was stable over the time studied and the doses of Cr were lethal for the barley plants. In contrast, the decrease of Cr availability reached after the nZVI treatment induced a reduction of soil phytotoxicity and an improvement in the development of the plants, which were able to complete their growing period. The Zn immobilization with nZVI was stable over time, but its effectiveness was moderate, and the growth of barley plants was poorer than that observed in the cases of Cd and Cr. Thus the best results of metal immobilization with nZVI were obtained for Cr-polluted soils. There was no overall increase of Fe in barley plants from nZVI-treated soils. In relation to the soil, no negative effects on its physico-chemical properties were observed after the time exposure with nZVI. Taking into account these results we can conclude that the use of nZVI is a promising remediation strategy, and its effectiveness would be conditioned to the soil properties and the bioavailable metal concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Gil-Díaz
- IMIDRA, Instituto Madrileño de Investigación y Desarrollo Rural, Agrario y Alimentación, Finca "El Encín", A-2, Km 38.2, 28800 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain.
| | - A González
- IMIDRA, Instituto Madrileño de Investigación y Desarrollo Rural, Agrario y Alimentación, Finca "El Encín", A-2, Km 38.2, 28800 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain.
| | - J Alonso
- IMIDRA, Instituto Madrileño de Investigación y Desarrollo Rural, Agrario y Alimentación, Finca "El Encín", A-2, Km 38.2, 28800 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain.
| | - M C Lobo
- IMIDRA, Instituto Madrileño de Investigación y Desarrollo Rural, Agrario y Alimentación, Finca "El Encín", A-2, Km 38.2, 28800 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain.
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150
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Arthur GD, Aremu AO, Kulkarni MG, Okem A, Stirk WA, Davies TC, Van Staden J. Can the use of natural biostimulants be a potential means of phytoremediating contaminated soils from goldmines in South Africa? INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2016; 18:427-434. [PMID: 26555317 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2015.1109602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Biostimulants offer great potential in improving phytoremediation of contaminated soils. In the current greenhouse-based study, Brassica juncea seedlings grown on soils collected from Krugersdorp Goldmine and the adjourning areas (a Game Reserve and private farmland) were supplemented with different biostimulants (Kelpak® = KEL, vermicompost leachate = VCL, smoke-water = SW). Indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) was included in the study for comparative purposes because these biostimulants are known to enhance rooting. Prior to the pot trial, concentrations of elements in the three soil types were determined using Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectroscopy. Plants were harvested after 105 days and the growth and concentrations of elements in the various plant organs were determined. TheB. juncea seedlings with and without biostimulants did not survive when growing in soil from the Krugersdorp Goldmine. The Game Reserve and private farmland soils supplemented with KEL produced the highest plant biomass and the lowest accumulation of metals in the organs of B. juncea. High concentrations (>13 000 mg kg(-1)) of zinc and aluminium were quantified in the roots of IBA-supplemented soils from the Game Reserve. Generally, IBA and SW enhanced the phytoremediation of B. juncea due to elevated levels of elements that accumulated in their different organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgina D Arthur
- a Mangosuthu University of Technology, Jacobs , Durban , KwaZulu-Natal , South Africa
| | - Adeyemi O Aremu
- b Research Centre for Plant Growth and Development, School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal Pietermaritzburg , Scottsville , South Africa
| | - Manoj G Kulkarni
- b Research Centre for Plant Growth and Development, School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal Pietermaritzburg , Scottsville , South Africa
| | - Ambrose Okem
- b Research Centre for Plant Growth and Development, School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal Pietermaritzburg , Scottsville , South Africa
| | - Wendy A Stirk
- b Research Centre for Plant Growth and Development, School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal Pietermaritzburg , Scottsville , South Africa
| | - Theophilus C Davies
- a Mangosuthu University of Technology, Jacobs , Durban , KwaZulu-Natal , South Africa
| | - Johannes Van Staden
- b Research Centre for Plant Growth and Development, School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal Pietermaritzburg , Scottsville , South Africa
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