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Qiao Z, Guo P, Yang D, Pei Z, Wang M, Liu J, Wang Q. Evaluation of acute toxicity response to the algae Chlorella pyrenoidosa of biosynthetic silver nanoparticles catalysts. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:10955-10968. [PMID: 36087185 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-22879-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Biosynthetic of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) by using fungi has attracted much attention due to its high catalytic efficiency and environmentally friendly characteristic. However, a few studies have focused on the ecological toxicity effects of biogenic AgNPs on algae. Here, we first investigated the catalytic reduction of 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) by WZ07-AgNPs biosynthesized by Letendraea sp. WZ07. WZ07-AgNPs had significant catalytic activity with 97.08% degradation of 4-NP in 3.5 min. Then, the toxic effects of WZ07-AgNPs and commercial-AgNPs were compared by Chlorella pyrenoidosa growth, chlorophyll content, protein content, physiological, and biochemical indexes. The results demonstrated that the algal cell biomass of C. pyrenoidosa was differentially inhibited after exposure to different concentrations of AgNPs, which showed concentration dependence and time dependence. The 96h-EC50 values of WZ07-AgNPs and commercial-AgNPs on C. pyrenoidosa were 15.99 mg/mL and 12.69 mg/mL, respectively. With the increase concentration of AgNPs, the chlorophyll content was gradually decreased, the protein content was first increased and then decreased, the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) were decreased, and the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) was increased significantly of C. pyrenoidosa. In general, AgNPs affect the growth of algae to some extent. However, compared with commercial-AgNPs, WZ07-AgNPs is less toxic to C. pyrenoidosa, which could be used as a potential and an eco-friendly catalyst. This study provides a basis for the safe application of biosynthetic AgNPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zipeng Qiao
- Department of Bioengineering and Technology, College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361021, People's Republic of China
| | - Peiyong Guo
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361021, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Environmental and Resources Technology, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, 361021, People's Republic of China
| | - Daomao Yang
- Department of Bioengineering and Technology, College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361021, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenqiao Pei
- Department of Bioengineering and Technology, College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361021, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingyuan Wang
- Department of Bioengineering and Technology, College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361021, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianfu Liu
- Department of Bioengineering and Technology, College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361021, People's Republic of China
| | - Qizhi Wang
- Department of Bioengineering and Technology, College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361021, People's Republic of China.
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102
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Yang M, Wang C, Zhao G, Kong D, Liu L, Yuan S, Chen W, Feng C, Li Z. Comparative Analysis of the Pre- and Post-Medication Effects of Antipsychotic Agents on the Blood-Based Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in Patients with Schizophrenia: A Meta-Analysis. Curr Neuropharmacol 2023; 21:340-352. [PMID: 35794775 PMCID: PMC10190148 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x20666220706101021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Studies have shown that oxidative stress (OS) is related to the pathophysiology of schizophrenia (SCZ), but whether antipsychotics can induce OS has not been investigated well. Moreover, antipsychotics have differential effects on the OS level modulation, i.e., different types of antipsychotics have different effects on the cellular antioxidants or pro-oxidants. METHODS We followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines and investigated the OS indicators including both enzymatic and nonenzymatic markers, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), vitamin C, etc., of SCZ patients at baseline and follow-up of mono-medication. RESULTS Twenty studies met the inclusion criteria, with a total of 1162 patients enrolled at baseline, and 1105 patients completed the follow-up. OS markers were changed after a period of antipsychotic treatment in SCZ patients. The GPx activity and MDA level decreased in the whole blood (P<0.05), also the serum MDA level decreased (P<0.05). For the first-episode SCZ patients, the activity of GPx and the level of MDA decreased, while the level of vitamin C increased (all P<0.05). The levels of MDA in patients receiving atypical antipsychotics decreased (P<0.05), while the level of GSH in patients with typical antipsychotics decreased (P=0.05). CONCLUSION Antipsychotic medication may cause changes in the levels of OS markers in different blood samples of SCZ patients. However, the available studies might not be sufficient to reveal the underlying facts accurately due to the poor quality of experimental designs in the published literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, The Fourth People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
| | - Chunzhi Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Qingdao Mental Health Center, Qingdao, China
| | - Guocheng Zhao
- Department of Psychiatry, The Fourth People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
| | - Di Kong
- Department of Psychiatry, The Fourth People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
| | - Liju Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, The Fourth People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
| | - Shuai Yuan
- Department of Psychiatry, The Fourth People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, The Fourth People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
| | - Can Feng
- Department of Psychiatry, The Fourth People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
| | - Zezhi Li
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Psychiatry, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine of Mental Disorders, Guangzhou, China
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103
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Schroeder J, Reitz LK, Vieira FGK, da Silva EL, Di Pietro PF. Low to moderate adherence to 2018 diet and physical exercise recommendations of the World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research is associated with prooxidant biochemical profile in women undergoing adjuvant breast cancer treatment. Nutr Res 2023; 109:1-11. [PMID: 36538844 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2022.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Adequate adherence to the 2018 diet and exercise recommendations of the World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research (WCRF/AICR) can possibly result in less oxidative stress, lower risk to chemo- and radiotoxicity, lower risk of relapse, and increased quality of life in breast cancer survivors. This observational study aims to investigate the influence of adherence to updated recommendations of the WCRF/AICR on oxidative stress biomarkers in women with breast cancer undergoing adjuvant treatment (AT). We hypothesized that adherence to WCRF/AICR recommendations is inversely related to oxidative damage biomarkers and directly associated with antioxidant status. Women (n = 78) were evaluated before (T0) and after AT. After collecting anthropometric, physical activity, and food consumption data, a standardized score of adherence to WCRF/AICR recommendations was applied. The sample was divided into low-medium adherence and high adherence groups. Blood samples were collected at both timepoints for oxidative stress biomarkers analysis. Multiple linear regression analyzes were applied to verify associations between WCRF/AICR score and biomarkers. We found that low-medium adherence to WCRF/AICR recommendations at T0 affected lower levels of reduced glutathione (P= .003) and higher levels of lipid hydroperoxides (P= .002) and plasma carbonylated proteins (P= .001) after AT. The WCRF/AICR score at T0 was inversely associated with changes in plasma carbonylated protein concentrations after AT (adjusted β = -0.359; P= .01). Our findings suggest that high WCRF/AICR score before and during AT may provide greater stability of antioxidant capacity and protection against exacerbated oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaqueline Schroeder
- Post Graduate Program in Nutrition, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, 88040-370, SC, Brazil
| | - Luiza Kuhnen Reitz
- Post Graduate Program in Nutrition, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, 88040-370, SC, Brazil
| | | | - Edson Luiz da Silva
- Post Graduate Program in Nutrition, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, 88040-370, SC, Brazil; Department of Clinical Analyses, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, 88010-790, SC, Brazil
| | - Patricia Faria Di Pietro
- Post Graduate Program in Nutrition, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, 88040-370, SC, Brazil.
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Vahalová P, Cifra M. Biological autoluminescence as a perturbance-free method for monitoring oxidation in biosystems. PROGRESS IN BIOPHYSICS AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 177:80-108. [PMID: 36336139 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2022.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Biological oxidation processes are in the core of life energetics, play an important role in cellular biophysics, physiological cell signaling or cellular pathophysiology. Understanding of biooxidation processes is also crucial for biotechnological applications. Therefore, a plethora of methods has been developed for monitoring oxidation so far, each with distinct advantages and disadvantages. We review here the available methods for monitoring oxidation and their basic characteristics and capabilities. Then we focus on a unique method - the only one that does not require input of additional external energy or chemicals - which employs detection of biological autoluminescence (BAL). We highlight the pros and cons of this method and provide an overview of how BAL can be used to report on various aspects of cellular oxidation processes starting from oxygen consumption to the generation of oxidation products such as carbonyls. This review highlights the application potential of this completely non-invasive and label-free biophotonic diagnostic method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Vahalová
- Institute of Photonics and Electronics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, 18200, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Cifra
- Institute of Photonics and Electronics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, 18200, Czech Republic.
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105
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Xie L, Ma Z, Yang G, Huang Y, Wen T, Deng Y, Sun J, Zheng S, Wu F, Huang K, Shao J. Study on the inhibition mechanism of eucalyptus tannins against Microcystis aeruginosa. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 249:114452. [PMID: 38321671 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.114452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Microcystis aeruginosa is the competitively dominant algal species in eutrophic waters and poses a serious threat to the aquatic ecological environment. To investigate the effects of eucalyptus tannins (TFL) and black water in eucalyptus plantations on M. aeruginosa, this study exposed M. aeruginosa to different concentrations (0 (control), 20, 50, 80, 110, and 140 mg L-1) of tannic acid (TA; hydrolyzed tannins, HT; reagent tannin), epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG; condensed tannins, CT; reagent tannin), eucalyptus tannins (TFL, complex tannin) and mixed TFL + Fe3+ solution (tannin: Fe3+ molar ratio = 1:10). The cell density, chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) content, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, malondialdehyde (MDA) and soluble protein (SP) contents of algae under tannin stress were determined, and the algal cell density treated with under the combination of TFL and Fe3+ was determined. The results showed a reduction in the Chl-a content of algal cells, which inhibited photosynthesis; leading to membrane lipid peroxidation; and the complexation of soluble proteins resulting in blocked protein synthesis were the main mechanisms by which tannins inhibited the growth of M. aeruginosa. TFL achieved the same inhibition of algal cells as the tannin reagent at the same concentration. At 4 d, TFL at 80 mg L-1 and above could achieve more than 54.87 % algal density inhibition. The inhibition rate of 80 mg L-1 and above TFL + Fe3+ on algal density was more than 75 %, indicating that TFL + Fe3+ had a stronger inhibitory effect on algal density. The results may facilitate the resource utilization of eucalyptus harvesting residues, explorations of the potential application of eucalyptus tannins in the control of M. aeruginosa, and provide new ideas for ecological algal inhibition in eucalyptus plantations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liujun Xie
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Conservation, College of Forestry, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Zhengxin Ma
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Conservation, College of Forestry, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Gairen Yang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Conservation, College of Forestry, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China.
| | - Yuhan Huang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Conservation, College of Forestry, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Tianyi Wen
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Conservation, College of Forestry, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Yusong Deng
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Conservation, College of Forestry, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Jingchao Sun
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Conservation, College of Forestry, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Siyu Zheng
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Conservation, College of Forestry, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Fangfang Wu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Conservation, College of Forestry, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Kai Huang
- China Guangxi Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanning 530023, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Water Engineering Materials and Structures Nanning, 530023, China
| | - Jinhua Shao
- China Guangxi Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanning 530023, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Water Engineering Materials and Structures Nanning, 530023, China
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Padoei F, Mamsharifi P, Hazegh P, Boroumand H, Ostadmohammady F, Abbaszadeh-Mashkani S, Banafshe HR, Matini AH, Ghaderi A, Dehkohneh SG. The therapeutic effect of N-acetylcysteine as an add-on to methadone maintenance therapy medication in outpatients with substance use disorders: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Brain Behav 2023; 13:e2823. [PMID: 36448959 PMCID: PMC9847617 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.2823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Patients with substance use disorders (SUD) under methadone maintenance therapy (MMT) are susceptible to a number of complications (psychological and metabolic disorders). Evidence studies have shown the roles of the glutamatergic system in addiction. N-Acetylcysteine (NAC) enhances extracellular glutamate, and is effective in the treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders. We assessed oral NAC as an add-on to MMT medication for the treatment of SUD. METHODS In the current randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial, outpatients with SUD under MMT who were 18-60 years old received 2400 mg/day NAC (n = 30) or placebo (n = 30) for 12 weeks. Psychological status and metabolic biomarkers were assessed at baseline and the end of the trial. RESULTS Compared with the placebo group, NAC treatment resulted in a significant improvement in depression score (β -2.36; 95% CI, -3.97, -0.76; p = .005), and anxiety score (β -1.82; 95% CI, -3.19, -0.44; p = .01). Furthermore, NAC treatment resulted in a significant elevation in total antioxidant capacity levels (β 72.28 mmol/L; 95% CI, 11.36, 133.19; p = .02), total glutathione (GSH) levels (β 81.84 μmol/L; 95% CI, 15.40, 148.28; p = .01), and a significant reduction in high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels (β -0.89 mg/L; 95% CI, -1.50, -0.28; p = .005), and homeostasis model of assessment-insulin resistance (β -0.33; 95% CI, -0.65, -0.009; p = .04), compared with the placebo group. CONCLUSION In the current study, improvement in depression and anxiety symptoms as well as some metabolic profiles with NAC treatment for 12 weeks in outpatients with SUD under MMT was detected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fateme Padoei
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Peyman Mamsharifi
- Department of Psychology, Allameh Tabataba'i University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Pooya Hazegh
- Department of Psychiatry, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Homa Boroumand
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | | | | | - Hamid Reza Banafshe
- Physiology Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Amir Hassan Matini
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Amir Ghaderi
- Department of Addiction studies, School of Medical, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.,Clinical Research Development Unit-Matini/Kargarnejad Hospital, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Somayeh Ghadami Dehkohneh
- Department of Pharmacy, Acharya BM ready college of Pharmacy, Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
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Saji S, Saji H, Sage-Ono K, Ono M, Nakajima N, Aono M. Phytocyanin-encoding genes confer enhanced ozone tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana. Sci Rep 2022; 12:21204. [PMID: 36550187 PMCID: PMC9780206 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-25706-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Ozone is a phytotoxic air pollutant that has various damaging effects on plants, including chlorosis and growth inhibition. Although various physiological and genetic studies have elucidated some of the mechanisms underlying plant ozone sensitivity and lesion development, our understanding of plant response to this gas remains incomplete. Here, we show evidence for the involvement of certain apoplastic proteins called phytocyanins, such as AtUC5, that protect against ozone damage. Two representative ozone-inducible responses, chlorosis and stomatal closure, were suppressed in AtUC5-overexpressing plants. Analysis of transgenic plants expressing a chimeric protein composed of AtUC5 fused to green fluorescent protein indicated that this fusion protein localises to the apoplast of plant cells where it appears to suppress early responses to ozone damage such as generation or signalling of reactive oxygen species. Moreover, yeast two-hybrid analyses suggest that AtUC5 may physically interact with stress-related proteins such as copper amine oxidase and late embryogenesis abundant protein-like protein. In addition to AtUC5, other examined phytocyanins such as AtUC6 and AtSC3 could confer ozone tolerance to plants when overexpressed in A. thaliana, suggesting that these proteins act together to protect plants against oxidative stress factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoko Saji
- grid.140139.e0000 0001 0746 5933Biodiversity Division, National Institute for Environmental Studies, 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba, 305-8506 Japan
| | - Hikaru Saji
- grid.140139.e0000 0001 0746 5933Biodiversity Division, National Institute for Environmental Studies, 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba, 305-8506 Japan
| | - Kimiyo Sage-Ono
- grid.20515.330000 0001 2369 4728Graduate School of Life and Environmental Science, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, 305-8572 Japan
| | - Michiyuki Ono
- grid.20515.330000 0001 2369 4728Graduate School of Life and Environmental Science, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, 305-8572 Japan
| | - Nobuyoshi Nakajima
- grid.140139.e0000 0001 0746 5933Biodiversity Division, National Institute for Environmental Studies, 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba, 305-8506 Japan
| | - Mitsuko Aono
- grid.140139.e0000 0001 0746 5933Biodiversity Division, National Institute for Environmental Studies, 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba, 305-8506 Japan
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108
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Heterologous Expression of Human Metallothionein Gene HsMT1L Can Enhance the Tolerance of Tobacco ( Nicotiana nudicaulis Watson) to Zinc and Cadmium. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13122413. [PMID: 36553680 PMCID: PMC9777932 DOI: 10.3390/genes13122413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Metallothionein (MT) is a multifunctional inducible protein in animals, plants, and microorganisms. MT is rich in cysteine residues (10-30%), can combine with metal ions, has a low molecular weight, and plays an essential biological role in various stages of the growth and development of organisms. Due to its strong ability to bind metal ions and scavenge free radicals, metallothionein has been used in medicine, health care, and other areas. Zinc is essential for plant growth, but excessive zinc (Zn) is bound to poison plants, and cadmium (Cd) is a significant environmental pollutant. A high concentration of cadmium can significantly affect the growth and development of plants and even lead to plant death. In this study, the human metallothionein gene HsMT1L under the control of the CaMV 35S constitutive promoter was transformed into tobacco, and the tolerance and accumulation capacity of transgenic tobacco plants to Zn and Cd were explored. The results showed that the high-level expression of HsMT1L in tobacco could significantly enhance the accumulation of Zn2+ and Cd2+ in both the aboveground parts and the roots compared to wild-type tobacco plants and conferred a greater tolerance to Zn and Cd in transgenic tobacco. Subcellular localization showed that HsMT1L was localized to the nucleus and cytoplasm in the tobacco. Our study suggests that HsMT1L can be used for the phytoremediation of soil for heavy metal removal.
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109
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Effects of Phytochelatin-like Gene on the Resistance and Enrichment of Cd 2+ in Tobacco. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232416167. [PMID: 36555808 PMCID: PMC9784533 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232416167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Phytochelatins (PCs) are class III metallothioneins in plants. They are low molecular-weight polypeptides rich in cysteine residues which can bind to metal ions and affect the physiological metabolism in plants. Unlike other types of metallothioneins, PCs are not the product of gene coding but are synthesized by phytochelatin synthase (PCS) based on glutathione (GSH). The chemical formula of phytochelatin is a mixture of (γ-Glu-Cys)n-Gly (n = 2-11) and is influenced by many factors during synthesis. Phytochelatin-like (PCL) is a gene-encoded peptide (Met-(α-Glu-Cys)11-Gly) designed by our laboratory whose amino acid sequence mimics that of a natural phytochelatin. This study investigated how PCL expression in transgenic plants affects resistance to Cd and Cd accumulation. Under Cd2+ stress, transgenic plants were proven to perform significantly better than the wild-type (WT), regarding morphological traits and antioxidant abilities, but accumulated Cd to higher levels, notably in the roots. Fluorescence microscopy showed that PCL localized in the cytoplasm and nucleus.
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110
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Mirlohi S. Characterization of Metallic Off-Flavors in Drinking Water: Health, Consumption, and Sensory Perception. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:16829. [PMID: 36554714 PMCID: PMC9778853 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192416829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Characterization of taste- and flavor-producing metals, namely iron and copper, in drinking water is a multifaceted subject. Both metals are essential nutrients, can be toxic, and are known to produce unpleasant tastes and flavor sensations in drinking water. Ingestion of trace metal contaminants through drinking water is a probable source of human exposure. Biochemical mechanisms of metallic flavor perception have been previously described; however, less is known about how variations in salivary constituents might impact individuals' sensitivities to metallic flavors and beverage consumption behaviors. This research presents findings from in vitro experiments, using artificial human saliva, to better understand the role of salivary lipids and proteins on metallic flavor production as measured by biomarkers of metal-induced oxidative stress. The results indicate that metal-induced lipid oxidation, as measured by thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), is dominated by salivary proteins, is slightly inhibited in the presence of salivary nitrite, and is detectable by the TBARS method at and above respective concentrations of 9 µM (0.5 mg/L) and 90 µM (5 mg/L), which are both above the aesthetic standards for iron (0.3 mg/L) and copper (1.0 mg/L) in drinking water. Preliminary study with human subjects indicated that reduction in metallic flavor sensitivity, as measured by the best estimate flavor threshold for ferrous iron among 33 healthy adults aged 19-84 years old (22 females), corresponded with reduced drinking water consumption and increased caloric beverage intake among older subjects (>60 years), as determined by a validated self-reported beverage intake questionnaire. These findings provide insights for further research to examine how salivary constituents can impact humans' sensory abilities in detecting metallic off-flavors in water, and how reduced metallic flavor sensitivity may influence beverage choices and drinking water consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan Mirlohi
- Department of Public Health, California State University, Fresno, CA 93740-8031, USA
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111
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Shamilov AA, Olennikov DN, Pozdnyakov DI, Bubenchikova VN, Garsiya ER, Larskii MV. Caucasian Blueberry: Comparative Study of Phenolic Compounds and Neuroprotective and Antioxidant Potential of Vaccinium myrtillus and Vaccinium arctostaphylos Leaves. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12122079. [PMID: 36556444 PMCID: PMC9782065 DOI: 10.3390/life12122079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Two Caucasian blueberries Vaccinium myrtillus L. and Vaccinium arctostaphylos L. are famous berry bushes growing in the Caucasus region and used to treat neurological diseases, but the chemistry and bioactivity of leaf extracts are still poorly studied. (2) Methods: Phenolic compounds of V. myrtillus and V. arctostaphylos leaf extracts were profiled and quantified by HPLC-PDA-ESI-tQ-MS. The neurotropic potential of Vaccinium extracts was studied using the model of middle cerebral artery permanent occlusion to determine cerebral blood flow, the area of the brain tissue necrosis, and antioxidant enzyme activity (including superoxide dismutase, succinate dehydrogenase, and cytochrome C oxidase), as well as the concentration of TBARS. (3) Results: Hydroxycinnamates and flavonoids were identified in the leaves of V. myrtillus and V. arctostaphylos, and the dominant metabolite of both extracts was 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid in the amount of 105-226 mg/g. The studied extracts enhanced the cerebral hemodynamics and decreased the frequency of necrotic and lipooxidative processes in the brain tissue, accompanied by an increase in the activity of antioxidant enzymes. The positive effect of V. arctostaphylos was stronger and exceeded the effectiveness of Ginkgo biloba standardized extract. (4) Conclusion: The leaf extracts of Caucasian blueberries V. myrtillus and V. arctostaphylos as a new source of hydroxycinnamates demonstrated a protective effect of the brain ischemia pathology and can be used as therapeutic agents to treat neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnold A. Shamilov
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Botany and Technology of Phytopreparations, Pyatigorsk Medical-Pharmaceutical Institute, Branch of Volgograd State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russian Federation, 11 Kalinina Avenue, 357500 Pyatigorsk, Russia
| | - Daniil N. Olennikov
- Laboratory of Biomedical Research, Institute of General and Experimental Biology, Siberian Division, Russian Academy of Science, 6 Sakhyanovoy Street, 670047 Ulan-Ude, Russia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +7-902-160-06-27
| | - Dmitryi I. Pozdnyakov
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, Pyatigorsk Medical-Pharmaceutical Institute, Branch of Volgograd State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russian Federation, 11 Kalinina Avenue, 357500 Pyatigorsk, Russia
| | - Valentina N. Bubenchikova
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Botany, Kursk State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russian Federation, 3 Karl Marks Street, 305000 Kursk, Russia
| | - Ekaterina R. Garsiya
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Botany and Technology of Phytopreparations, Pyatigorsk Medical-Pharmaceutical Institute, Branch of Volgograd State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russian Federation, 11 Kalinina Avenue, 357500 Pyatigorsk, Russia
| | - Mikhail V. Larskii
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Pyatigorsk Medical-Pharmaceutical Institute, Branch of Volgograd State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russian Federation, 11 Kalinina Avenue, 357500 Pyatigorsk, Russia
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112
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Chaouachi M, Gautier S, Carnot Y, Guillemot P, Pincemail J, Moison Y, Collin T, Groussard C, Vincent S. Spirulina supplementation prevents exercise-induced lipid peroxidation, inflammation and skeletal muscle damage in elite rugby players. J Hum Nutr Diet 2022; 35:1151-1163. [PMID: 35394687 DOI: 10.1111/jhn.13014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The present study aimed to examine the effects of spirulina supplementation on pro/antioxidant status, inflammation and skeletal muscle damage markers immediately and 24 h after exhaustive exercise in elite rugby players. METHODS Seventeen elite male Rugby Union players were randomly assigned to a spirulina (SPI: n = 9) or placebo (PLA: n = 8) group in a double-blind design. Subjects were supplemented with Spirulina platensis (5.7 g day-1 ) or placebo (isoproteic and caloric) for 7 weeks. At baseline and after 7 weeks of supplementation, blood samples were obtained before (T0), immediately after (T1) and 24 h after (T2) exhaustive exercise. The Yoyo Intermittent Recovery Test Level 2 was used as an exhaustive exercise to induce oxidative stress (OS), inflammation and skeletal muscle damage. The studied parameters included pro/antioxidant status markers (superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, reduced glutathione/glutathione disulphide ratio, oxidised low-density lipoprotein and F2α-isoprostanes [F2-Isop]), inflammation markers (myeloperoxidase and C-reactive protein [CRP]) and skeletal muscle damage markers (lactate dehydrogenase and creatine kinase [CK]). RESULTS Our results showed that F2-Isop, CRP and CK levels significantly increased at T1 only in the PLA group (p < 0.05, p < 0.05 and p < 0.001, respectively) with no change in the SPI group, which reflects the effect of spirulina to prevent lipid peroxidation, inflammation and skeletal muscle damage induced by exhaustive exercise. Moreover, spirulina supplementation accelerated the return to baseline values given that F2-Isop, CRP and CK levels at T2 were significantly lower than at T0 in the SPI group (p < 0.05, p < 0.01 and p < 0.001, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Based on the markers used in the present study, our results show that spirulina supplementation potentially prevents exercise-induced lipid peroxidation, inflammation and skeletal muscle damage, and may also accelerate the recovery of some of these markers. Based on our findings, we recommend spirulina supplementation especially for those athletes who do not achieve the recommended antioxidant dietary intake and who perform a high training load aiming to reduce the magnitude of OS, inflammation and skeletal muscle damage, which could help to reduce performance losses and accelerate recovery after training/competitions throughout the season.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Pierrick Guillemot
- Univ-Rennes, Laboratoire M2S - UR7470, Rennes, France.,Univ-Rennes, CHU Rennes 1, Service de Médecine du Sport, Rennes, France
| | - Joël Pincemail
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, CREDEC and Platform Nutrition Antioxydante et Santé, CHU and University of Liège, Sart Tilman, Liège, Belgium
| | - Yann Moison
- Univ-Rennes, Laboratoire M2S - UR7470, Rennes, France.,REC Rugby, Rennes, France
| | - Tom Collin
- Univ-Rennes, Laboratoire M2S - UR7470, Rennes, France
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113
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Zhang H, Ge Z, Li Y, Huang S, Zhang J, Zheng Z. Response of submerged macrophytes and leaf biofilms to different concentrations of oxytetracycline and sulfadiazine. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 308:136098. [PMID: 35995188 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Oxytetracycline and sulfadiazine were widely used and they entered the environment through various channels such as domestic sewage, medical wastewater and agricultural wastewater, causing significant ecological risk. To determine the effects of different antibiotic concentrations on submerged macrophytes, Vallisneria natans was exposed to solutions containing different concentrations of oxytetracycline and sulfadiazine (0.1 mg/L、1 mg/L、10 mg/L、50 mg/L). After 20-days exposure, we found that 10 mg/L groups had a significant effect on Vallisneria natans. Under high antibiotic concentrations, the growth of Vallisneria natans was inhibited, chloroplasts were deformed, the chlorophyll content was reduced, and antioxidant enzyme activities, such as superoxide dismutase and glutathione, were increased. There was no significant difference between the control group and groups with low antibiotic concentrations (≤1 mg/L). The N-acyl-l-homoserine lactone concentration tended to increase with increasing antibiotic concentrations. The presence of antibiotics also affected the microbial community structure of biofilms on the submerged macrophytes. For example, the higher the concentration of antibiotics, the higher the proportion of Proteobacteria. These results suggest that high concentrations of oxytetracycline and sulfadiazine can disrupt homeostasis, induce effective Vallisneria natans defense mechanisms and alter biofilms in aquatic ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhang
- Shanghai Shifang Ecology and Landscape Co., Ltd, Shanghai 200233, PR China; Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, PR China
| | - Zuhan Ge
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, PR China
| | - Yaguang Li
- Shanghai Shifang Ecology and Landscape Co., Ltd, Shanghai 200233, PR China; Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, PR China
| | - Suzhen Huang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, PR China
| | - Jibiao Zhang
- Shanghai Shifang Ecology and Landscape Co., Ltd, Shanghai 200233, PR China; Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, PR China.
| | - Zheng Zheng
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, PR China.
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Shi Z, Luo K, Deol S, Tan S. A systematic review of noninflammatory cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers for clinical outcome in neonates with perinatal hypoxic brain injury that could be biologically significant. J Neurosci Res 2022; 100:2154-2173. [PMID: 33543500 PMCID: PMC9249405 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.24801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Neonatal encephalopathy (NE) that purportedly arises from hypoxia-ischemia is labeled hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). Perinatal asphyxia is a clinical syndrome involving acidosis, a low Apgar score and the need for resuscitation in the delivery room; asphyxia alerts one to the possibility of NE. In the present systematic review, we focused on the noninflammatory biomarkers in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) that are involved in the development of possible brain injury in asphyxia or HIE. A literature search in PubMed and EMBASE for case-control studies was conducted and 17 studies were found suitable by a priori criteria. Statistical analysis used the Mantel-Haenszel model for dichotomous data. The pooled mean difference and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were determined. We identified the best biomarkers, based on the estimation approach in evaluating the biological significance, out of hundreds in three categories: cell adhesion and proliferation, oxidants and antioxidants, and cell damage. The following subtotal-population comparisons were made: perinatal asphyxia versus no asphyxia, asphyxia with HIE versus asphyxia without HIE, asphyxia with HIE versus no asphyxia, and term versus preterm HIE newborn with asphyxia. Biological significance of the biomarkers was determined by using a modification of the estimation approach, by ranking the biomarkers according to the difference in the bounds of the CIs. The most promising CSF biomarkers for prognostication especially for the severest HIE include creatine kinase, xanthine oxidase, vascular endothelial growth factor, neuron-specific enolase, superoxide dismutase, and malondialdehyde. Future studies are recommended using such a combined test to prognosticate the most severely affected patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongjie Shi
- Department of Pediatrics, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Kehuan Luo
- Department of Pediatrics, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Saihaj Deol
- Department of Psychology, College of Liberal Arts & Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Sidhartha Tan
- Department of Pediatrics, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
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115
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The effects of N-acetylcysteine administration on metabolic status and serum adiponectin levels in patients with metabolic syndrome: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. J Funct Foods 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2022.105299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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116
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Tan R, Black M, Home J, Blackwell J, Clark I, Wylie L, Vanhatalo A, Jones AM. Physiological and performance effects of dietary nitrate and N-acetylcysteine supplementation during prolonged heavy-intensity cycling. J Sports Sci 2022; 40:2585-2594. [PMID: 36759944 DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2023.2176052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate effects of concurrent and independent administration of dietary nitrate (NO3-), administered as NO3--rich beetroot juice (BR; ~12.4 mmol of NO3-), and N-acetylcysteine (NAC; 70 mg·kg-1) on physiological responses during prolonged exercise and subsequent high-intensity exercise tolerance. Sixteen recreationally active males supplemented with NO3--depleted beetroot juice (PL) or BR for 6 days and ingested an acute dose of NAC or maltodextrin (MAL) 1 h prior to performing 1 h of heavy-intensity cycling exercise immediately followed by a severe-intensity time-to-exhaustion (TTE) test in four conditions: 1) PL+MAL, 2) PL+NAC, 3) BR+MAL and 4) BR+NAC. Pre-exercise plasma [NO3-] and nitrite ([NO2-]) were elevated following BR+NAC and BR+MAL (both P < 0.01) compared with PL+NAC and PL+MAL; plasma [cysteine] was increased in PL+NAC and BR+NAC (both P < 0.01) compared to PL+MAL. Muscle excitability declined over time during the prolonged cycling bout in all conditions but was better preserved in PL+NAC compared to BR+NAC (P < 0.01) and PL+MAL (P < 0.05). There was no effect of supplementation on subsequent TTE . These findings indicate that co-ingestion of BR and NAC does not appreciably alter physiological responses during prolonged heavy-intensity cycling or enhance subsequent exercise tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Tan
- Sport and Health Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, St. Luke's Campus, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Matthew Black
- Sport and Health Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, St. Luke's Campus, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Joseph Home
- Sport and Health Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, St. Luke's Campus, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Jamie Blackwell
- Sport and Health Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, St. Luke's Campus, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Ida Clark
- Sport and Health Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, St. Luke's Campus, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Lee Wylie
- Sport and Health Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, St. Luke's Campus, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Anni Vanhatalo
- Sport and Health Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, St. Luke's Campus, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Andrew M Jones
- Sport and Health Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, St. Luke's Campus, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
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Liang B, Wan S, Ma Q, Yang L, Hu W, Kuang L, Xie J, Huang Y, Liu D, Liu Y. A Novel bHLH Transcription Factor PtrbHLH66 from Trifoliate Orange Positively Regulates Plant Drought Tolerance by Mediating Root Growth and ROS Scavenging. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232315053. [PMID: 36499381 PMCID: PMC9740576 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232315053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Drought limits citrus yield and fruit quality worldwide. The basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factors (TFs) are involved in plant response to drought stress. However, few bHLH TFs related to drought response have been functionally characterized in citrus. In this study, a bHLH family gene, named PtrbHLH66, was cloned from trifoliate orange. PtrbHLH66 contained a highly conserved bHLH domain and was clustered closely with bHLH66 homologs from other plant species. PtrbHLH66 was localized to the nucleus and had transcriptional activation activity. The expression of PtrbHLH66 was significantly induced by polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG6000) and abscisic acid (ABA) treatments. Ectopic expression of PtrbHLH66 promoted the seed germination and root growth, increased the proline and ABA contents and the activities of antioxidant enzymes, but reduced the accumulation of malondialdehyde (MDA) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) under drought stress, resulting in enhanced drought tolerance of transgenic Arabidopsis. In contrast, silencing the PtrbHLH66 homolog in lemon plants showed the opposite effects. Furthermore, under drought stress, the transcript levels of 15 genes involved in ABA biosynthesis, proline biosynthesis, ROS scavenging and drought response were obviously upregulated in PtrbHLH66 ectopic-expressing Arabidopsis but downregulated in PtrbHLH66 homolog silencing lemon. Thus, our results suggested that PtrbHLH66 acted as a positive regulator of plant drought resistance by regulating root growth and ROS scavenging.
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118
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Ray I, Mridha D, Sarkar J, Joardar M, Das A, Chowdhury NR, De A, Acharya K, Roychowdhury T. Application of potassium humate to reduce arsenic bioavailability and toxicity in rice plants (Oryza sativa L.) during its course of germination and seedling growth. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 313:120066. [PMID: 36067973 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic (As), a metalloid is a class I carcinogen and is a major problem in various parts of the world. Food crops are severely affected due to As poisoning and suffer from low germination, yield and disfiguration of morphological and anatomical traits. To attenuate such adverse effects and tone down As uptake by plants, the present study attempts to explore the role of K-humate (KH) in alleviation of As toxicity in rice. KH was administered in the growth media containing 800 ppb As (III) at varying doses to observe the stress alleviating capacity of the amendment. Five treatments were investigated, viz: (a) 800 ppb As (control), (b) 800 ppb As + 25 ppm KH, (c) 800 ppb As + 50 ppm KH, (d) 800 ppb As + 75 ppm KH and (e) 800 ppb As + 100 ppm KH. The results of the amendment administration were noted at 14 days after seeding (DAS). Application of KH significantly improved germination percentage, vigour indices and chlorophyll content by reducing the oxidative stress, antioxidant and antioxidant enzyme activities under As stress. In vivo detection of reactive oxygen species (ROS) using DCF-2DA fluorescent dye and scanning electron microscope (SEM) study of root further depicted that KH application effectively reduced ROS formation and improved root anatomical structure under As stress, respectively. Gradually increasing concentrations of KH was capable of decreasing the bioavailability of As to the rice plants, thus minimizing toxic effect of the metalloid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iravati Ray
- School of Environmental Studies, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700032, India
| | - Deepanjan Mridha
- School of Environmental Studies, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700032, India
| | - Jit Sarkar
- Molecular and Applied Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory, Centre of Advanced Study, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, 700019, India
| | - Madhurima Joardar
- School of Environmental Studies, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700032, India
| | - Antara Das
- School of Environmental Studies, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700032, India
| | | | - Ayan De
- School of Environmental Studies, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700032, India
| | - Krishnendu Acharya
- Molecular and Applied Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory, Centre of Advanced Study, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, 700019, India
| | - Tarit Roychowdhury
- School of Environmental Studies, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700032, India.
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Matsumoto S, Tokumaru O, Ogata K, Kuribayashi Y, Oyama Y, Shingu C, Yokoi I, Kitano T. Dose-dependent scavenging activity of the ultra-short-acting β1-blocker landiolol against specific free radicals. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2022; 71:185-190. [PMID: 36447489 PMCID: PMC9701591 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.21-157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Landiolol, a highly cardioselective ultra-short-acting β1-blocker, prevents perioperative atrial fibrillation associated with systemic inflammation and oxidative stress. We evaluated the direct scavenging activity of landiolol against multiple free radical species. Nine free radical species (hydroxyl, superoxide anion, ascorbyl, tert-butyl peroxyl, tert-butoxyl, singlet oxygen, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, nitric oxide, and tyrosyl radicals) were directly quantified using an X-band ESR spectrometer with the spin-trapping method. IC50 and reaction rate constants were estimated from the dose-response curve for each free radical. Landiolol scavenged six of the free radical species examined: hydroxyl radical (IC50 = 0.76 mM, k landiolol = 1.4 × 1010 M-1 s-1, p<0.001), superoxide anion (58 mM, 2.1 M-1 s-1, p = 0.044), tert-butoxyl radical (4.3 mM, k landiolol/k CYPMPO = 0.77, p<0.001), ascorbyl free radical (0.31 mM, p<0.001), singlet oxygen (0.69 mM, k landiolol/k 4-OH TEMP = 2.9, p<0.001), and nitric oxide (15 mM, 1.7 × 10 M-1 s-1, p<0.001). This study is the first to report that landiolol dose-dependently scavenges multiple free radical species with different reaction rate constants. These results indicate the potential clinical application of landiolol as an antioxidative and anti-inflammatory agent in addition to its present clinical use as an anti-arrhythmic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigekiyo Matsumoto
- Department of Anesthesiology, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama-machi, Yufu, Oita 879-5593, Japan
| | - Osamu Tokumaru
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Welfare and Health Sciences, Oita University, 700 Dannoharu, Oita 870-1192, Japan
| | - Kazue Ogata
- Department of Anesthesiology, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama-machi, Yufu, Oita 879-5593, Japan
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Welfare and Health Sciences, Oita University, 700 Dannoharu, Oita 870-1192, Japan
| | - Yoshihide Kuribayashi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama-machi, Yufu, Oita 879-5593, Japan
| | - Yoshimasa Oyama
- Department of Anesthesiology, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama-machi, Yufu, Oita 879-5593, Japan
| | - Chihiro Shingu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama-machi, Yufu, Oita 879-5593, Japan
| | - Isao Yokoi
- Department of Neurophysiology, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama-machi, Yufu, Oita 879-5593, Japan
| | - Takaaki Kitano
- Department of Anesthesiology, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama-machi, Yufu, Oita 879-5593, Japan
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Wu S, Zhang J, Xia A, Huang Y, Zhu X, Zhu X, Liao Q. Microalgae cultivation for antibiotic oxytetracycline wastewater treatment. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 214:113850. [PMID: 35817165 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Microalgae-based technology provides a potential approach to biologically treating oxytetracycline (OTC) wastewater due to its environmental friendliness, low cost, and high efficiency. However, the OTC degradation and transformation characteristics by microalgae are still unclear and need further exploration. This study used microalgae Chlorella sorokiniana MB-1 for OTC wastewater treatment. The OTC with an initial concentration less than 50 mg L-1 promoted microalgae growth, while OTC with a concentration higher than 100 mg L-1 inhibited microalgae growth significantly. More than 99% OTC was removed with the biomass productivity up to 1.8 g L-1 when treated OTC with 10 mg L-1 initial concentration for 7 days. Chlorophyll and total sugar contents decreased, while protein and lipid contents increased compared to the control without OTC. The malondialdehyde content firstly reduced but subsequently enhanced when increased OTC concentration, while superoxide dismutase content gradually enhanced, manifesting that traces of OTC stimulate microalgae antioxidant capacity, while the increasing OTC caused further oxidative damage to microalgae cells. The removal pathways of OTC mainly include photolysis (75.8%), biodegradation (17.8%), biosorption (3.6%), and hydrolysis (2.7%). Overall, removing OTC by microalgae was confirmed to be an excellent technology for treating antibiotics wastewater whilst accumulating microalgae biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Wu
- Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, Chongqing University, Ministry of Education, Chongqing, 400044, China; Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Jingmiao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, Chongqing University, Ministry of Education, Chongqing, 400044, China; Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Ao Xia
- Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, Chongqing University, Ministry of Education, Chongqing, 400044, China; Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China.
| | - Yun Huang
- Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, Chongqing University, Ministry of Education, Chongqing, 400044, China; Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Xianqing Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, Chongqing University, Ministry of Education, Chongqing, 400044, China; Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Xun Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, Chongqing University, Ministry of Education, Chongqing, 400044, China; Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Qiang Liao
- Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, Chongqing University, Ministry of Education, Chongqing, 400044, China; Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
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Liang X, Qian R, Wang D, Liu L, Sun C, Lin X. Lipid-Derived Aldehydes: New Key Mediators of Plant Growth and Stress Responses. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11111590. [PMID: 36358291 PMCID: PMC9687549 DOI: 10.3390/biology11111590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Aldehydes, derivatives of lipids, are ubiquitously produced through non-enzymatic and enzymatic pathways in higher plants and participate in many physiological and biological processes. Increasing evidence demonstrates that aldehydes are involved in plants response to many abiotic stresses, such as light, drought, heat and nutrient deficiency. In plant cells, endogenously triggered or exogenously applied high concentrations of aldehydes can damage proteins and nucleic acid, disturb redox homeostasis, and consequently inhibit plant growth; therefore, they are considered cytotoxins. Aldehyde levels are also used as biomarkers to evaluate the health status of plants. Further genetic research shows that several enzymes have strong capacities to detoxify these electrophilic aldehydes. Small molecules, such as carnosine and glutathione, also exhibit the ability to scavenge aldehydes, effectively promoting plant growth. Recently, increasing evidence has shown that certain aldehydes at certain concentrations can upregulate survival genes, activate antioxidant responses, increase defense against pathogens and stimulate plant growth. This review summarizes recent studies of lipid-derived aldehydes in higher plants, mainly focusing on the generation pathway, toxic effects, and detoxification strategies. In addition, the signaling effects of aldehydes in plants are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Liang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Ruyi Qian
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Dan Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Lijuan Liu
- Iterdisciplinary Research Academy, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310015, China
| | - Chengliang Sun
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xianyong Lin
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Correspondence:
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Xie P, Zhu J, Wang L, Liu Y, Diao E, Gong D, Liu T. Lipid accumulation and oxidative stress in the crop tissues of male and female pigeons during incubation and chick-rearing periods. Poult Sci 2022; 102:102289. [PMID: 36436376 PMCID: PMC9706646 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2022.102289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The current study aimed to evaluate the changes in lipid accumulation and oxidative status in pigeon crops during different breeding stages. Forty-two pairs of adult pigeons were randomly assigned to 7 groups. Lipid droplet accumulation in pigeon crops was visualized by using oil red O staining from d 17 of incubation (I17) to d 7 of chick rearing (R7). Transmission electron microscopy analysis showed swollen mitochondria with disintegration of cristae and typical characteristics of endoplasmic reticulum stress in crop tissues at R1 compared with those at I4. During the peak of pigeon milk formation, the concentrations of reactive oxygen species, and oxidative damage markers (advanced oxidation protein products, 8-hydroxy-2 deoxyguanosine, and malondialdehyde) and the enzyme activities of total superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase were all elevated significantly (P < 0.05). The protein concentration of B-cell lymphoma-2 associated X in crop tissues was significantly higher at R1, while the level of B-cell lymphoma-2 protein in males was the highest at I4 (P < 0.05). The ratio of B-cell lymphoma-2 associated X protein (Bax)/B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) in both male and female crops peaked at R1 (P < 0.05). Gene expression of the key enzymes involved in mitochondrial and peroxisomal fatty acid β-oxidation was investigated in crops. In males, the gene expression of carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1a peaked at R15, and that of carnitine palmitoyltransferase 2 increased significantly from R1 to R15 (P < 0.05). The mRNA abundance of long chain 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase increased to the maximum value at R1 and I17 in males and females, respectively. From I17 to R7, the mRNA levels of acyl-CoA oxidase 1 and acyl-CoA oxidase 2 were decreased in pigeon crops (P < 0.05). Conclusively, lipid droplet accumulation was found in male and female pigeon crops from the end of incubation to the early stage of chick rearing. Although antioxidant defence and mitochondrial fatty acid β-oxidation were both mobilized, oxidative stress in crop tissues still occurred during the peak of milk formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. Xie
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture & Environmental Protection, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian 223300, China,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Eco-Agricultural Biotechnology around Hongze Lake, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian 223300, China
| | - J.G. Zhu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - L.X. Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Y. Liu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture & Environmental Protection, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian 223300, China,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Eco-Agricultural Biotechnology around Hongze Lake, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian 223300, China
| | - E.J. Diao
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture & Environmental Protection, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian 223300, China,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Eco-Agricultural Biotechnology around Hongze Lake, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian 223300, China
| | - D.Q. Gong
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - T.W. Liu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture & Environmental Protection, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian 223300, China,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Eco-Agricultural Biotechnology around Hongze Lake, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian 223300, China,Corresponding author:
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123
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Detrimental Effects of Lipid Peroxidation in Type 2 Diabetes: Exploring the Neutralizing Influence of Antioxidants. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11102071. [PMID: 36290794 PMCID: PMC9598619 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11102071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipid peroxidation, including its prominent byproducts such as malondialdehyde (MDA) and 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (4-HNE), has long been linked with worsened metabolic health in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). In fact, patients with T2D already display increased levels of lipids in circulation, including low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol and triglycerides, which are easily attacked by reactive oxygen molecules to give rise to lipid peroxidation. This process severely depletes intracellular antioxidants to cause excess generation of oxidative stress. This consequence mainly drives poor glycemic control and metabolic complications that are implicated in the development of cardiovascular disease. The current review explores the pathological relevance of elevated lipid peroxidation products in T2D, especially highlighting their potential role as biomarkers and therapeutic targets in disease severity. In addition, we briefly explain the implication of some prominent antioxidant enzymes/factors involved in the blockade of lipid peroxidation, including termination reactions that involve the effect of antioxidants, such as catalase, coenzyme Q10, glutathione peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase, as well as vitamins C and E.
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Khan S, Akhtar N, Rehman SU, Shujah S, Rha ES, Jamil M. Bacillus subtilis Synthesized Iron Oxide Nanoparticles (Fe 3O 4 NPs) Induced Metabolic and Anti-Oxidative Response in Rice ( Oryza sativa L.) under Arsenic Stress. TOXICS 2022; 10:618. [PMID: 36287898 PMCID: PMC9606974 DOI: 10.3390/toxics10100618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticle (NP) application is most effective in decreasing metalloid toxicity. The current study aimed to evaluate the effect of Bacillus subtiles synthesized iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe3O4 NPs) against arsenic (As) stress on rice (Oryza sativa L.) seedlings. Different concentrations of As (5, 10 and 15 ppm) and Bacillus subtilis synthesized Fe3O4 NPs solution (5, 10 and 15 ppm) alone and in combination were applied to rice seedlings. The results showed that As at 15 ppm significantly decreased the growth of rice, which was increased by the low level of As. Results indicated that B. subtilis synthesized Fe3O4 NP-treated plants showed maximum chlorophyll land protein content as compared with arsenic treatment alone. The antioxidant enzymes such as SOD, POD, CAT, MDA and APX and stress modulators (Glycine betain and proline) also showed decreased content in plants as compared with As stress. Subsequently, Bacillus subtilis synthesized Fe3O4 NPs reduced the stress associated parameters due to limited passage of arsenic inside the plant. Furthermore, reduction in H2O2 and MDA content confirmed that the addition of Bacillus subtilis synthesized Fe3O4 NPs under As stress protected rice seedlings against arsenic toxicity, hence enhanced growth was notice and it had beneficial effects on the plant. Results highlighted that Fe3O4 NPs protect rice seedlings against arsenic stress by reducing As accumulation, act as a nano adsorbent and restricting arsenic uptake in rice plants. Hence, our study confirms the significance of Bacillus subtilis synthesized Fe3O4 NPs in alleviating As toxicity in rice plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sehresh Khan
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Kohat University of Science & Technology (KUST), Kohat 26000, Pakistan
| | - Nazneen Akhtar
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Kohat University of Science & Technology (KUST), Kohat 26000, Pakistan
| | - Shafiq Ur Rehman
- Department of Biology, University of Haripur, Haripur 22620, Pakistan
| | - Shaukat Shujah
- Departments of Chemistry, Kohat University of Science & Technology (KUST), Kohat 26000, Pakistan
| | - Eui Shik Rha
- Department of Well-Being Resources, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 540-742, Korea
| | - Muhammad Jamil
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Kohat University of Science & Technology (KUST), Kohat 26000, Pakistan
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125
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Ramkumar G, Muthusamy R, Narayanan M, Dhanapal R, Karthik C, Shivakumar M, Malathi G, Kariyanna B. Pretreatment of mosquito larvae with ultraviolet-B and nitropolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons induces increased sensitivity to permethrin toxicity. Heliyon 2022; 8:e11094. [PMID: 36281399 PMCID: PMC9586917 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitropolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (Nitro-PAH) are highly toxic PHA derivatives. Nitro-PHAs are emitted by carbonaceous materials and PHA post-emission transformation, which causes water and environmental pollution and also exists as carcinogenic and immunotoxic agents. UV light has been shown to cause DNA damage and improves the covalent binding of PAH to DNA significantly. Mosquito breeding grounds are pools of water that can be large open zones or encased ponds with varying levels of sunlight exposure. This research was performed to assess the combined effects of UV-B exposure and Nitro-PAH on the physiological function of Culex quinquefasciatus larvae. To assess the impact of UV-B irradiation and Nitro-PAH exposure on mosquito vectors, parameters were examined: (1) Nitro-PAH availability and its impact on cell fatalities; (2) the detoxifying abilities of cytochrome P450, glutathione-S-transferase, and esterase; (3) the reactions to Reactive Oxygen Species; and (4) The resistance of mosquito larvae to three synthetic pesticides (temephos, imidacloprid, and permethrin). UV-B and Nitro-PAH treatment caused cellular damage and increased major detoxification enzymes such as α & β-esterase, cytoP450, CAT, GST, and POX. The levels of oxidative stress, ROS and protein carbonyl content, nitrite, ascorbic acid and thiobarbituric acid were decreased significantly. Toxicology bioassays revealed that UV-B + Nitro-PAH exposure significantly increased larval susceptibility. The current study concludes that prior exposure to Nitro-PAHs and UV-B may make mosquito larvae more vulnerable to chemical insecticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Govindaraju Ramkumar
- Department of Biotechnology, Periyar University, Salem 636011, Tamil Nadu, India,Department of Entomology, University of Georgia, Griffin 30223, GA, USA,Corresponding author.
| | - Ranganathan Muthusamy
- PG and Research Centre in Biotechnology, MGR College, Adhiyamaan Educational Research Institution, Hosur 635130, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Mathiyazhagan Narayanan
- Division of Research and Innovation, Department of Biotechnology, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Science, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Rajendran Dhanapal
- Department of Entomology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221 005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Chinnannan Karthik
- Department of Biology, West Virginia State University Institute, WV 25112-1000, USA
| | - M.S. Shivakumar
- Department of Biotechnology, Periyar University, Salem 636011, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Govindhan Malathi
- Department of Biotechnology, Periyar University, Salem 636011, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - B. Kariyanna
- Department of Agricultural Entomology, VIT School of Agricultural Innovations and Advanced Learning (VAIAL), Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, India,Corresponding author.
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126
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Yang B, Huang S, Yang N, Cao A, Zhao L, Zhang J, Zhao G, Ma Q. Porcine bile acids promote the utilization of fat and vitamin A under low-fat diets. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1005195. [PMID: 36245518 PMCID: PMC9554479 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1005195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Fat-soluble vitamin malabsorption may occur due to low dietary fat content, even in the presence of an adequate supply of fat-soluble vitamins. Bile acids (BAs) have been confirmed as emulsifiers to promote fat absorption in high-fat diets. However, there are no direct evidence of exogenous BAs promoting the utilization of fat-soluble vitamins associated with fat absorption in vitro and in vivo. Therefore, we chose laying hens as model animals, as their diet usually does not contain much fat, to expand the study of BAs. BAs were investigated in vitro for emulsification, simulated intestinal digestion, and release rate of fat-soluble vitamins. Subsequently, a total of 450 healthy 45-week-old Hy-Line Gray laying hens were chosen for an 84-day feeding trial. They were divided into five treatments, feeding diets supplemented with 0, 30, 60, 90, and 120 mg/kg BAs, respectively. No extra fat was added to the basic diet (crude fat was 3.23%). In vitro, BAs effectively emulsified the water-oil interface. Moreover, BAs promoted the hydrolysis of fat by lipase to release more fatty acids. Although BAs increased the release rates of vitamins A, D, and E from vegetable oils, BAs improved for the digestion of vitamin A more effectively. Dietary supplementation of 60 mg/kg BAs in laying hens markedly improved the laying performance. The total number of follicles in ovaries increased in 30 and 60 mg/kg BAs groups. Both the crude fat and total energy utilization rates of BAs groups were improved. Lipase and lipoprotein lipase activities were enhanced in the small intestine in 60, 90, and 120 mg/kg BAs groups. Furthermore, we observed an increase in vitamin A content in the liver and serum of laying hens in the 60, 90, and 120 mg/kg BAs groups. The serum IgA content in the 90 and 120 mg/kg BAs groups was significantly improved. A decrease in serum malondialdehyde levels and an increase in glutathione peroxidase activity were also observed in BAs groups. The present study concluded that BAs promoted the absorption of vitamin A by promoting the absorption of fat even under low-fat diets, thereupon improving the reproduction and health of model animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Shimeng Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Ning Yang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding and Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Aizhi Cao
- Dezhou Key Laboratory for Applied Bile Acid Research, Shandong Longchang Animal Health Product Co., Ltd., Dezhou, China
| | - Lihong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jianyun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Guoxian Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Qiugang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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127
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Oxidative stress and ER stress are related to severity of tubercular infection. Microb Pathog 2022; 172:105764. [PMID: 36087688 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2022.105764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
To report the markers of oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in tuberculosis of differing severity. Ninety patients with tuberculosis, 30 each with pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB), Pott's spine (PS) and tuberculous meningitis (TBM) were included. The diagnosis and severity of the respective group was based on pre-defined criteria. Six-months outcome and complications (Hyponatremia, paradoxical worsening and Drug induced hepatitis(DIH)) were recorded. Serum Melanodehyde (MDA) , glutathione (GSH), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), ER stress markers ATF-4,GRP-78 and CHOP, were measured using spectrophotometry and real time PCR. The oxidative and ER stress markers were correlated with different subgroups, severity of TBM, complications and outcome. The severity of TBM correlated with alteration in oxidative and ER stress markers. MDA was related to hyponatremia (P = 0.045), paradoxical worsening (P = 0.035) and DIH (P = 0.038), TAC correlated with paradoxical worsening (P = 0.047) and DIH (P = 0.015). In PS, MDA correlated with paradoxical worsening (P = 0.032) and DIH (P = 0.032); and in PTB, MDA correlated with hyponatremia (P = 0.025) and DIH (P = 0.037). Changes in stress marker levels were more marked in TBM compared to PS and PTB. Outcome of TBM correlated with MDA (P = 0.002), PS to MDA(P = 0.004), TAC(P = 0.05) CHOP(P = 0.004), GRP78(P = 0.001), ATF4(P = 0.045) and PTB to MDA(P = 0.0450), TAC(P = 0.014), CHOP(P = 0.025) and GRP78(P = 0.035). Oxidative and ER stress markers seem to be related to severity of TB, its complications and outcome.
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128
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Wei Y, Du X, Guo Y, Chang M, Deng B, Liu J, Cao J. Elucidation of physicochemical properties of polysaccharides extracted from Cordyceps militaris fruiting bodies with different drying treatments and their effects on ulcerative colitis in zebrafish. Front Nutr 2022; 9:980357. [PMID: 36118767 PMCID: PMC9481070 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.980357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Dry fruiting bodies of Cordyceps militaris (CMF) have been widely used in folk tonic foods and traditional herbal medicine in East Asia. Drying treatment serves as the last step in CMF industrial processes. In this work, the physicochemical properties of polysaccharides from C. militaris fruiting bodies (CMFPs) with hot air drying (HD), far-infrared radiation drying (ID) and vacuum freeze-drying (FD) treatments were analyzed, and their effects on ulcerative colitis (UC) were further investigated in oxazolone-induced zebrafish. The results showed that physicochemical properties of CMFP-H, CMFP-I and CMFP-F were obvious different. CMFPs could repair the intestinal mucosal barrier, inhibit ROS generation and the activities of MDA and MPO, and improve the activities of SOD, CAT, ACP, AKP and LZM. Further detection indicated that CMFPs could better improve UC via activating the MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway in vivo. However, CMFP-H, CMFP-F and CMFP-I exhibited diverse regulation effects on specific immune-related enzymes and cytokines. The data would be helpful for finding practical and rapid drying methods for macro-fungi and further exploring CMFPs as functional food ingredients or complementary medicines for the treatments of UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Wei
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong, China
| | - Xiao Du
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong, China
| | - Yangbian Guo
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Edible Fungi for Loess Plateau, Taiyuan, China
| | - Mingchang Chang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Quality and Efficiency of Loess Plateau Edible Fungi, Jinzhong, China
| | - Bing Deng
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Edible Fungi for Loess Plateau, Taiyuan, China
| | - Jingyu Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Edible Fungi for Loess Plateau, Taiyuan, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Quality and Efficiency of Loess Plateau Edible Fungi, Jinzhong, China
- *Correspondence: Jingyu Liu
| | - Jinling Cao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Edible Fungi for Loess Plateau, Taiyuan, China
- Jinling Cao
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129
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Xie S, He J, Masagounder K, Liu Y, Tian L, Tan B, Niu J. Dietary lysine levels modulate the lipid metabolism, mitochondrial biogenesis and immune response of grass carp, Ctenopharyngodon idellus. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2022.115375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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130
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Kell DB, Pretorius E. The potential role of ischaemia-reperfusion injury in chronic, relapsing diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, Long COVID, and ME/CFS: evidence, mechanisms, and therapeutic implications. Biochem J 2022; 479:1653-1708. [PMID: 36043493 PMCID: PMC9484810 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20220154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Ischaemia-reperfusion (I-R) injury, initiated via bursts of reactive oxygen species produced during the reoxygenation phase following hypoxia, is well known in a variety of acute circumstances. We argue here that I-R injury also underpins elements of the pathology of a variety of chronic, inflammatory diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis, ME/CFS and, our chief focus and most proximally, Long COVID. Ischaemia may be initiated via fibrin amyloid microclot blockage of capillaries, for instance as exercise is started; reperfusion is a necessary corollary when it finishes. We rehearse the mechanistic evidence for these occurrences here, in terms of their manifestation as oxidative stress, hyperinflammation, mast cell activation, the production of marker metabolites and related activities. Such microclot-based phenomena can explain both the breathlessness/fatigue and the post-exertional malaise that may be observed in these conditions, as well as many other observables. The recognition of these processes implies, mechanistically, that therapeutic benefit is potentially to be had from antioxidants, from anti-inflammatories, from iron chelators, and via suitable, safe fibrinolytics, and/or anti-clotting agents. We review the considerable existing evidence that is consistent with this, and with the biochemical mechanisms involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas B. Kell
- Department of Biochemistry and Systems Biology, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZB, U.K
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Centre for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet 200, 2800 Kgs Lyngby, Denmark
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1 Matieland 7602, South Africa
| | - Etheresia Pretorius
- Department of Biochemistry and Systems Biology, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZB, U.K
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1 Matieland 7602, South Africa
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131
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Huang R, Lu Y, Xie Z, Yang X, Ou Y. A bovine milk-derived peptide ameliorates alloxan-injured pancreatic β cells through IRS2/PI3K/Akt signaling. Life Sci 2022; 308:120907. [PMID: 36037870 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Lacto-ghrestatin is abovine milk-derived peptide with the sequence of LIVTQTMKG, named LGP9 here. This study aimed to investigate protective effects of LGP9 on diabetic β cells in vivo and in vitro. METHODS AND RESULTS Type-1-diabetic (T1D) mice were generated by alloxan (ALX; 50 mg/kg, i.v.) and received a four-week treatment schedule of LGP9 at 0.3 mg/kg and 1 mg/kg. Related biochemical parameters were analyzed, and the protein expression was evaluated by Western blotting. The results showed that LGP9 decreased body weight, water consumption and blood glucose, improved oxygen stress and upregulated IRS2/PI3K/Akt signaling in the pancreas of T1D mice. To further investigate the mechanism of LGP9 on the preventive effect of the pancreas, Rin-m5f cells were treated with 15 mM alloxan and followed with LGP9 at 30 μM and 90 μM. The results indicated that LGP9 rebalanced oxygen stress levels, increased cell proliferation, decreased cell apoptosis and activated IRS2/PI3K/Akt signaling. CONCLUSION LGP9 ameliorated alloxan-injured pancreatic β cells through IRS2/PI3K/Akt signaling. The finding provides important help for the research and development of LGP9 in therapeutics of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongrong Huang
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China.
| | - Yunbiao Lu
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China.
| | - Zhifei Xie
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Xuegan Yang
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Yu Ou
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China.
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The Effects of Probiotics Supplementation on Clinical Status and Biomarkers of Oxidative Damage and Inflammation in Children with Brucellosis: A Randomized, Double-Blind, and Placebo-Controlled Trial. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:2541117. [PMID: 36045651 PMCID: PMC9423965 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2541117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background Increased levels of inflammatory cytokines and oxidative damage may play crucial roles in the pathogenesis of brucellosis. The purpose of this trial was to evaluate the impact of probiotics administration on clinical status and biomarkers of oxidative damage and inflammation in pediatric patients diagnosed with brucellosis. Methods This randomized, double-blind, and placebo-controlled trial was performed by recruiting 40 patients, 8–15 years of age, who had been diagnosed with brucellosis. Study participants were randomly allocated into two groups to receive either probiotics supplement or placebo (n = 20 each group) for 8 weeks. Blood samples were collected at the onset and after 8 weeks of intervention to quantify biochemical parameters. Clinical status was examined by a pediatric infectious disease specialist. Results Following 8-week intervention, probiotics supplementation substantially improved total antioxidant capacity (P < 0.001) and malondialdehyde (P=0.002). Furthermore, the difference between probiotics group and placebo group for the duration of fever (P=0.02) and musculoskeletal pain (P=0.001) was statistically significant, though probiotics administration had no significant effects on high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, total glutathione, and other clinical outcomes compared with placebo. Conclusion Overall, probiotics intake had beneficial impact on clinical status and body antioxidative defense system in pediatric patients with brucellosis.
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Hadjzadeh MAR, Khodadadi H, Sohrabi F, Hedayati-Moghadam M, Ghorbani A, Hosseinian S. Protective effects of Portulaca oleracea and vitamin E on cardiovascular parameters in rats with subclinical hyperthyroidism. Clin Exp Hypertens 2022; 44:663-669. [PMID: 35972305 DOI: 10.1080/10641963.2022.2112209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Subclinical hyperthyroidism (SHT) is an endocrine disorder that is associated with abnormalities in heart structure and function. Oxidative stress plays an important role in the pathophysiology of cardiac disorders caused by SHT. Portulaca oleracea (P. Oleracea) is a herbaceous plant with many pharmacologic effects including antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties. In the present study, the effects of Portulaca oleracea and vitamin E on the biochemical, hemodynamic, and functional parameters of the cardiac tissue was studied in rats with subclinical hyperthyroidism. METHODS Fifty-six male rats were divided into seven groups: 1-Control group: daily injection of saline, 2-SHT group: daily injection of levothyroxine sodium (LS) (20 µg/kg), 3- T4+Po groups were given LS and P. oleracea (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg in drinking water), 4- the T4+vit E groups received LS and a daily injection of vitamin E (100 and 200 mg/kg). Cardiac index, systolic blood pressure (SBP), also malondialdehyde and total thiol levels were measured in cardiac tissue. RESULTS SBP and maximum dP/dt were significantly increased and minimum dP/dt was significantly decreased in SHT group. In P. oleracea groups, maximum dP/dt were significantly reduced and minimum dP/dt was increased. Malondialdehyde levels and cardiac index in groups receiving vitamin E and P. oleracea were significantly decreased. Maximum dP/dt was decreased in the group receiving LS+vitamin E. Minimum dP/dt was significantly higher in group received LS+ vitamin E. CONCLUSION This study showed that Portulaca oleracea has a positive effect on cardiac dysfunction caused by subclinical hyperthyroidism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mousa-Al-Reza Hadjzadeh
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hadi Khodadadi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Sohrabi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahdiyeh Hedayati-Moghadam
- Student Research Committee, Jiroft University of Medical Sciences, Jiroft, Iran.,School of Medicine, Jiroft University of Medical Sciences, Jiroft, Iran
| | - Atieh Ghorbani
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Sara Hosseinian
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Liu J, Jiang X, Peng X, Yuan Y, Shen Y, Li Y, Yan Z, Yuan X, Yang Y, Zhai S. Effects of embryo injected with ochratoxins A on hatching quality and jejunum antioxidant capacity of ducks at hatching. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:944891. [PMID: 36118355 PMCID: PMC9472544 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.944891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies have shown that ochratoxins A (OTA) exerts diverse toxicological effects, namely, hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, genotoxicity, enterotoxicity, and immunotoxicity. The main objective of this study was to investigate the influence of embryonic exposure to OTA by different injection times and OTA doses on hatching quality and jejunal antioxidant capacity of ducks at hatching. In total, 480 fertilized eggs were weighed and randomly assigned into a 4 × 4 factorial design including four OTA doses (0, 2, 4, and 8 ng/g egg) on 8, 13, 18, and 23 of embryonic development (E8, E13, E18, and E23). Each treatment included 6 repeats with 5 eggs per repeat. The results showed that the injection time affected the hatching weight (P < 0.0001). The relative length of the jejunum and ileum on E18 and E23 was lower than on E8 and E13 (P < 0.05). Injection time, doses, and their interaction had no effect on jejunum morphology, namely, villous height (Vh), crypt depth (Cd), and villous height/crypt depth ratio Vh/Cd (P > 0.05). The injection time affected the activities of Superoxide dismutase (SOD) (P < 0.0001), total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) (P < 0.05) and the malondialdehyde (MDA) content (P < 0.0001). The activity of SOD and T-AOC activities in the jejunum of ducklings injected with OTA at the E8 and E13 was lower than that injected at the E18 (P < 0.05). The highest MDA content was observed in ducklings injected with OTA at the E13 (P < 0.05). The injection time (P < 0.0001), OTA doses and their interaction affected the contents of IL-1β (P < 0.05), which significantly increased especially on E13. In conclusion, the embryo injected with ochratoxins A affected the hatching weight, the relative length of jejunum and ileum, decreased the antioxidant capacity and increased the content of proinflammatory cytokine IL-1β of the jejunum.
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Zadeh Modarres S, Asemi Z, Heidar Z. The effects of selenium supplementation on glycemic control, serum lipoproteins and biomarkers of oxidative stress in infertile women diagnosed with polycystic ovary syndrome undergoing in vitro fertilization: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2022; 51:92-96. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2022.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/23/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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Yang W, Gu Z, Chen X, Gao W, Wen H, Wu F, Tian J. Effects of phytase supplementation of high-plant-protein diets on growth, phosphorus utilization, antioxidant, and digestion in red swamp crayfish (Procambarus clarkii). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 127:797-803. [PMID: 35842112 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.07.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Fish meal is increasingly being replaced by plant protein raw materials, meanwhile, it brings phytic acid, which combines with phosphorus to form phytate phosphorus and leads to a low utilization rate of phosphorus in shrimp. To solve this problem, this study investigated the effects of phytase supplementation on growth performance, phosphorus utilization, antioxidants, and digestion in red swamp crayfish (Procambarus clarkii). Crayfish (initial mean weight: 8.69 ± 0.15 g, N = 324) were randomly divided into six groups each with three replicates of 18 individuals each, and hand-fed for 8 weeks with one of six experimental diets (50 and 490 g kg-1 animal and plant protein raw material, respectively): negative control (NC; 11.0 g kg-1 phosphorus), positive control (PC; 15 g kg-1 NaH2PO4 added to NC; 14.7 g kg-1 phosphorus), and phytase supplementation diets (P1-P4: 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, and 0.6 g kg-1 phytase added to NC, respectively). The feeding trial was performed in a micro-flow water culture system. P2 showed a significantly higher weight gain rate (WGR), specific growth rate, protein efficiency ratio, and protein retention efficiency (PRE) but showed the lowest feed conversion ratio (FCR) than other groups. Broken-line regression analyses using WGR, FCR, and PRE as evaluation indices showed that the optimal dietary phytase supplementation level was 0.233, 0.244, and 0.303 g kg-1, respectively. P2 showed the highest crude protein content of whole crayfish and abdominal muscle, and phosphorus deposition rate, which was significantly higher than that in NC and PC. P3 showed the highest calcium and phosphorus contents in whole crayfish and phosphorus content in abdominal muscle, and calcium and inorganic phosphorus content in serum, which were significantly higher than those in NC. P3 showed significantly lowest serum alkaline phosphatase, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate transaminase activities, malondialdehyde content in hepatopancreas, and highest catalase activity, which were significantly lower and higher, respectively, than those in NC and PC. In summary, the addition of 0.2-0.4 g kg-1 phytase significantly improves the growth performance, feed utilization, digestive enzyme activity, and antioxidant of P. clarkii, which has a similar effect to the direct addition of NaH2PO4 at 15 g kg-1 to the feed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxiu Yang
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, 430223, China; College of Animal Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434024, China
| | - Zhimin Gu
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Freshwater Aquaculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquaculture Genetic and Breeding of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Institute of Freshwater Fisheries, Huzhou, China
| | - Xiaoru Chen
- Healthy Aquaculture Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Tongwei Co., Ltd., Chengdu, China
| | - Weihua Gao
- College of Animal Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434024, China
| | - Hua Wen
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, 430223, China
| | - Fan Wu
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, 430223, China
| | - Juan Tian
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, 430223, China; College of Animal Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434024, China.
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Mshenskaya N, Sinitsyna Y, Kalyasova E, Valeria K, Zhirova A, Karpeeva I, Ilin N. Influence of Schumann Range Electromagnetic Fields on Components of Plant Redox Metabolism in Wheat and Peas. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11151955. [PMID: 35956432 PMCID: PMC9370302 DOI: 10.3390/plants11151955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The Schumann Resonances (ScR) are Extremely Low Frequency (ELF) electromagnetic resonances in the Earth-ionosphere cavity excited by global lightning discharges. ScR are the part of electromagnetic field (EMF) of Earth. The influence of ScR on biological systems is still insufficiently understood. The purpose of the study is to characterize the possible role of the plant cell redox metabolism regulating system in the Schumann Resonances EMF perception. Activity of catalase and superoxide dismutase, their isoenzyme structure, content of malondialdehyde, composition of polar lipids in leaf extracts of wheat and pea plants treated with short-time (30 min) and long-time (18 days) ELF EMF with a frequency of 7.8 Hz, 14.3 Hz, 20.8 Hz have been investigated. Short-time exposure ELF EMF caused more pronounced bio effects than long-time exposure. Wheat catalase turned out to be the most sensitive parameter to magnetic fields. It is assumed that the change in the activity of wheat catalase after a short-term ELF EMF may be associated with the ability of this enzyme to perceive the action of a weak EMF through calcium calmodulin and/or cryptochromic signaling systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Mshenskaya
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, N.I. Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (Y.S.); (E.K.); (K.V.); (A.Z.); (I.K.)
- Earth’s Electromagnetic Environment Laboratory, Institute of Applied Physics of Russian Academy of Sciences, 603600 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia;
- Correspondence:
| | - Yulia Sinitsyna
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, N.I. Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (Y.S.); (E.K.); (K.V.); (A.Z.); (I.K.)
| | - Ekaterina Kalyasova
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, N.I. Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (Y.S.); (E.K.); (K.V.); (A.Z.); (I.K.)
| | - Koshcheeva Valeria
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, N.I. Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (Y.S.); (E.K.); (K.V.); (A.Z.); (I.K.)
| | - Anastasia Zhirova
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, N.I. Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (Y.S.); (E.K.); (K.V.); (A.Z.); (I.K.)
| | - Irina Karpeeva
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, N.I. Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (Y.S.); (E.K.); (K.V.); (A.Z.); (I.K.)
| | - Nikolay Ilin
- Earth’s Electromagnetic Environment Laboratory, Institute of Applied Physics of Russian Academy of Sciences, 603600 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia;
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Wang Z, Ma J, He Y, Miu KK, Yao S, Tang C, Ye Y, Lin G. Nrf2-mediated liver protection by 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid against pyrrolizidine alkaloid-induced toxicity through PI3K/Akt/GSK3β pathway. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 102:154162. [PMID: 35598524 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Misusage of pyrrolizidine alkaloid (PA)-containing plants or unaware intake of PA-contaminated foodstuffs causes thousands of PA poisoning cases in humans. PA intoxication is accompanied by oxidative stress and subsequent extensive hepatocellular damage. Our previous study has demonstrated that 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid (GA), a bioactive constituent of liquorice, prevented PA-induced hepatotoxicity in rats, however the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. OBJECTIVE This study aims to explore the mechanisms underlying the hepato-protective effect of GA in combating retrorsine (RTS, a representative toxic PA)-induced liver injury. METHODS Histological and biochemical assessments were employed to evaluate the protective effect of GA on RTS-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Sulforhodamine B assay, real-time PCR, western blotting, and immunostaining were used to explore the underlying mechanisms in human hepatocytes and rats. RESULTS Our findings demonstrated that GA alleviated RTS-induced elevation of serum ALT and bilirubin levels, as well as hepatocytes necrosis and sinusoidal endothelial cells (SECs) damage in rats. GA also enhanced the activities and expressions of several antioxidant enzymes through upregulating nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor2 (Nrf2). Moreover, inhibition of Nrf2 blocked the hepatoprotective effect of GA against RTS intoxication. Mechanistically, GA increased the phosphorylation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) and enhanced glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK3β) inhibitory phosphorylation at serine 9, thus promoting the nuclear accumulation of Nrf2 and activating its downstream targets. CONCLUSION This study for the first time demonstrated that GA exerted protective effects against RTS-induced liver injury by potentiating the Nrf2-mediated antioxidant system through PI3K/Akt/GSK3β pathway. The findings indicated that GA may serve as a potential candidate drug for the treatment of PA intoxication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhangting Wang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, 505A, Lo Kwee-Seong Integrated Biomedical Sciences Building, Area 39, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jiang Ma
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, 505A, Lo Kwee-Seong Integrated Biomedical Sciences Building, Area 39, Hong Kong SAR, China; School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yisheng He
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, 505A, Lo Kwee-Seong Integrated Biomedical Sciences Building, Area 39, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Kai-Kei Miu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, 505A, Lo Kwee-Seong Integrated Biomedical Sciences Building, Area 39, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Sheng Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research and Natural Products Chemistry Department, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Chunping Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research and Natural Products Chemistry Department, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yang Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research and Natural Products Chemistry Department, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Ge Lin
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, 505A, Lo Kwee-Seong Integrated Biomedical Sciences Building, Area 39, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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Hamdy MM, Abdel-Rahman MS, Badary DM, Sabra MS. Effects of furosemide and tadalafil in both conventional and nanoforms against adenine-induced chronic renal failure in rats. Eur J Med Res 2022; 27:117. [PMID: 35820963 PMCID: PMC9275182 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-022-00747-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic renal failure (CRF) is a progressive loss of renal function that lead to reduced sodium filtration and inappropriate suppression of tubular reabsorption that ultimately leads to volume expansion. The aim of this study was to study the efficacy of furosemide and tadalafil nanoforms compared to conventional forms against adenine-induced CRF rat-model. METHODS Addition of 0.75% adenine to the diet of rats for 4 weeks gained general acceptance as a model to study kidney damage as this intervention mimicked most of the structural and functional changes seen in human chronic kidney disease Urine analysis, histopathological changes and immunohistochemical expression of caspase-3 and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) in renal tissues were performed. RESULTS Our results showed that the combination of tadalafil and furosemide using conventional and nanoparticle formulations had better renoprotective effect than individual drugs. This was demonstrated by improvement of urinary, serum and renal tissue markers as indicative of organ damage. This was also reflected on the reduction of tubular expression of kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL). Immunohistochemical studies showed that the deteriorated renal cellular changes indicated by increased expression of caspase-3 and IL-1β were greatly improved by the combined treatment particularly with the nanoforms. CONCLUSIONS The nanoforms of both furosemide and tadalafil had greater renopreventive effects compared with conventional forms against adenine-induced CRF in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mahran S Abdel-Rahman
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sphinx University, New Assuit, 71526, Egypt
| | - Dalia M Badary
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Egypt, Assuit, 71526, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud S Sabra
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assuit, 71526, Egypt.
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Kalita J, Shukla R, Pandey PC, Misra UK. Balancing between apoptosis and survival biomarkers in the patients with tuberculous meningitis. Cytokine 2022; 157:155960. [PMID: 35820324 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2022.155960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The balancing factor of apoptosis, survival, inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers may determine the clinico-radiological severity and death in the patients with tuberculous meningitis (TBM). AIM We report the relationship of death [caspase-3, malondialdehyde (MDA), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα), interleukin 6 (IL6)] and survival biomarkers [X-linked inhibitory apoptotic protein (XIAP), IL10, glutathione (GSH) and catalase] in TBM, and its role in determining disease severity and death. METHODS The diagnosis of TBM was based on clinical, MRI and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) findings. Their clinical and MRI findings were noted. The severity of TBM was categorized as stages I to III. Serum and CSF caspase-3 and XIAP were measured by ELISA, and TNFα, IL6 and IL10 gene expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells using RT-PCR (reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction). Plasma MDA, GSH and catalase were measured by spectrophotometer. RESULTS There were 40 patients with TBM whose mean age was 31.6 years and 50% were females. TBM patients had higher expression of death (caspase-3, TNFα, IL6, and MDA) and suppression of survival biomarkers (XIAP, catalase and GSH) compared to the healthy controls. Caspase-3 positively correlated with TNFα, IL6 and MDA, and negatively with XIAP, GSH and catalase. Patients with longer duration of illness and definite TBM had higher expression of caspase-3. Patients who died has higher expression of caspase-3 and suppression of XIAP compared to those who survived. CONCLUSION It can be concluded from this study that there is up-regulation of death signals and suppression of survival signals in TBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayantee Kalita
- Department of Neurology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Raebareli Road, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226014, India.
| | - Ruchi Shukla
- Department of Neurology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Raebareli Road, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226014, India
| | - Prakash C Pandey
- Department of Neurology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Raebareli Road, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226014, India
| | - Usha K Misra
- Department of Neurology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Raebareli Road, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226014, India
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Zhang Q, Ren J, Wang F, Pan M, Cui L, Li M, Qu F. Mitochondrial and glucose metabolic dysfunctions in granulosa cells induce impaired oocytes of polycystic ovary syndrome through Sirtuin 3. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 187:1-16. [PMID: 35594990 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial function and glucose metabolism play important roles in bidirectional signaling between granulosa cells (GCs) and oocytes. However, the factors associated with mitochondrial function and glucose metabolism of GCs in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are poorly understood, and their potential downstream effects on oocyte quality are still unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate whether there are alterations in mitochondrial-related functions and glucose metabolism in ovarian GCs of women with PCOS and the role of Sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) in this process. Here, we demonstrated that women with PCOS undergoing in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer had significantly lower rates of metaphase II oocytes, two-pronuclear fertilization, cleavage, and day 3 good-quality embryos. Germinal vesicle- and metaphase I-stage oocytes from women with PCOS exhibited increased mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS), decreased mitochondrial membrane potential, and downregulation of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase. GCs from women with PCOS presented significant alterations in mitochondrial morphology, amount, and localization, decreased membrane potential, reduced adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthesis, increased mitochondrial ROS and oxidative stress, and insufficient oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) together with decreased glycolysis. SIRT3 expression was significantly decreased in GCs of PCOS patients, and knockdown of SIRT3 in KGN cells could mimic the alterations in mitochondrial functions and glucose metabolism in PCOS GCs. SIRT3 knockdown changed the acetylation status of NDUFS1, which might induce altered mitochondrial OXPHOS, the generation of mitochondrial ROS, and eventually defects in the cellular insulin signaling pathway. These findings suggest that SIRT3 deficiency in GCs of PCOS patients may contribute to mitochondrial dysfunction, elevated oxidative stress, and defects in glucose metabolism, which potentially induce impaired oocytes in PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Zhang
- Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Jun Ren
- Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Fangfang Wang
- Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Manman Pan
- Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Long Cui
- Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Mingqian Li
- Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310012, China
| | - Fan Qu
- Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006, China.
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Bagheri S, Saghazade AR, Abbaszadeh-Mashkani S, Banafshe HR, Ghoreishi FS, Mesdaghinia A, Ghaderi A. The effect of vitamin D supplementation on tobacco-related disorders in individuals with a tobacco use disorder: a randomized clinical trial. J Addict Dis 2022; 40:382-393. [PMID: 34962457 DOI: 10.1080/10550887.2021.2010971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin D deficiency in cigarette smokers (CS) might associate with several complications, including metabolic deficits, depression and anxiety. This study evaluated the effects of vitamin D on mental health symptoms, nicotine misuse, and biomarkers of metabolic diseases in individuals with a tobacco use disorder. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was conducted with 60 CS subjects receiving either 50,000 IU vitamin D supplements (n = 30) or placebo (n = 30) every 2 weeks for 24-weeks. Nicotine misuse, mental health scale, and metabolic parameters were measured before and after the intervention in the CS subjects. Compared with the placebo-group, after the 24-weeks intervention, serum 25 (OH) vitamin D levels increased in the intervention group (β 2.96; 95% CI, 0.91, 5.01; P = 0.006). In addition, vitamin D supplementation significantly improved Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) (β -2.06; 95% CI, -3.84, -0.28; P = 0.02). In addition, vitamin D administration significantly decreased fasting plasma glucose (FPG) (β -4.56; 95% CI, -8.94, -0.19; P = 0.04), insulin (β -0.50; 95% CI, -0.88, -0.13; P = 0.009), and homeostasis model of assessment-estimated insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) levels (β -0.21; 95% CI, -0.33, -0.08; P = 0.001). Furthermore, vitamin D resulted in a significant elevation in total antioxidant capacity (TAC) (β 81.20; 95% CI, 18.30, 144.11; P = 0.01), and plasma glutathione (GSH) levels (β 73.05; 95% CI, 18.56, 127.54; P = 0.01), compared with the placebo-group. Administration of vitamin D for 24-weeks to CS subjects had beneficial effects on symptoms of depression and several metabolic biomarkers. While this preliminary study suggests that vitamin D might have beneficial effects, its clinical efficacy in individuals with a tobacco use disorder should be further validated in future clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soheil Bagheri
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Ahmad Reza Saghazade
- Student Research Committee, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Hamid Reza Banafshe
- Physiology Research Center, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Sadat Ghoreishi
- Department of Addiction Studies, School of Medicine AND Clinical Research Development Unit, Matini/Kargarnejad Hospital, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Azam Mesdaghinia
- Physiology Research Center, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Amir Ghaderi
- Department of Addiction Studies, School of Medicine AND Clinical Research Development Unit, Matini/Kargarnejad Hospital, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
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Naghdi A, Goodarzi MT, Karimi J, Hashemnia M, Khodadadi I. Effects of curcumin and metformin on oxidative stress and apoptosis in heart tissue of type 1 diabetic rats. J Cardiovasc Thorac Res 2022; 14:128-137. [PMID: 35935389 PMCID: PMC9339728 DOI: 10.34172/jcvtr.2022.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Hyperglycemia enhances oxidative stress and apoptosis and induces damages in heart tissue. Based on antioxidant properties of curcumin and metformin, we hypothesized that these agents may exhibit cardioprotective effects by attenuating oxidative stress and modulating expression of the genes involved in apoptosis in type-1 diabetes.
Methods: Thirty-six male rats were randomly divided into six groups; (N): control; (D): streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats; (D+Cur50) and (D+Cur150): diabetic rats treated with 50 and 150 milligram of curcumin per kilogram of body weight (mg/kg.bw), respectively; (D+Met300) and (D+Met500): diabetic rats received 300 and 500 mg/kg.bw of metformin, respectively. Heart tissues were dissected and gene expression levels of Bax, Bcl-2, and caspase-3 were analyzed. Total anti-oxidant capacity (TAC), total oxidant status (TOS), and malondialdehyde (MDA) level, and activities of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) were measured.
Results: Enhancement in TOS, OSI, and MDA levels as well as increased in the activity of CAT and reduction in SOD and GPx activities were observed in diabetic group (D) compared with control rats. Treatment of diabetic animals with either curcumin or metformin normalized TOS, OSI, and MDA levels and restored CAT, SOD, and GPx activities. Diabetes caused extensive damages in heart tissue of rats (group D) and increased expression of caspase-3 and Bax genes and enhanced ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 expression compared with controls. Treatment with curcumin or metformin mitigated histopathological changes and dampened apoptosis by normalizing Bax and caspase-3 expression.
Conclusion: Curcumin and metformin modulated diabetes-induced cardiac damage probably by reducing oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atefeh Naghdi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taghi Goodarzi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
- Department of Biochemistry, Shahrood Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrood, Iran
| | - Jamshid Karimi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hashemnia
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Iraj Khodadadi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
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Nabhani Z, Clark CCT, Goudarzi N, Hariri Far A, Razmpoosh E. The effect of synbiotic supplementation on atherogenic indices, hs-CRP, and malondialdehyde, as major CVD-related parameters, in women with gestational diabetes mellitus: a secondary data-analysis of a randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2022; 14:87. [PMID: 35729675 PMCID: PMC9210584 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-022-00858-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Women with GDM have a higher risk of future cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Meanwhile, synbiotics have been demonstrated to have favorable impacts on atherogenic indices, and inflammatory and oxidative stress indicators, all of which are known to be CVD-predictive factors. The aim of this randomized controlled trial was to evaluate the effects of synbiotic supplementation on the atherogenic indices of plasma, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), and plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) in women with GDM. METHODS Eligible pregnant women with GDM were randomized into two groups to receive a daily synbiotic capsule [500 mg of L.acidophilus(5 × 1010 CFU/g), L.plantarum(1.5 × 1010 CFU/g), L.fermentum(7 × 109 CFU/g), L.Gasseri(2 × 1010 CFU/g) and 38.5 mg of fructo-oligo-saccharides], or placebo, for 6 weeks. The ratios of TC/HDL-C, LDL/HDL-C, and logTG/HDL-C were calculated as the atherogenic indices. Serum hs-CRP and MDA concentrations were quantified before and after the intervention. Cohen's d(d) was used to calculate the magnitude of the effect. RESULTS Ninety participants completed the study. There was no significant difference in dietary antioxidant and mineral intakes between the two groups. Compared with placebo, synbiotic supplementation resulted in a significant decrease in logTG/HDL-C ratio with a medium-low effect size (mean difference = -0.11; 95% CI -0.21, 0; P values for the placebo and the intervention groups were 0.02, and 0.042, respectively; P between groups = 0.003; d = 0.25). No significant changes were observed in other parameters. CONCLUSIONS Overall, 6 weeks of synbiotic supplementation in women with GDM resulted in a significant improvement in logTG/HDL-C, suggesting that synbiotics may have a beneficial role in reducing the risk of future CVDs associated with GDM. Nevertheless, more studies are needed to confirm the veracity of these results. Trial Registration IRCT201511183140N16 (December 29th, 2015).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zohoor Nabhani
- Nutrition Research Center, Department of Biochemistry and Diet Therapy, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Cain C T Clark
- Centre for Intelligent Healthcare, Coventry University, Coventry, CV1 5FB, UK
| | - Nazanin Goudarzi
- Department of Nutrition, Electronic Health and Statistics Surveillance Research Center, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
- Integrative Oncology and Quality of life Department, Breast Cancer Research Centre, Motamed Cancer Institute, Academic Centre for Education, Culture, and research, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alemeh Hariri Far
- Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Elham Razmpoosh
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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145
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Ovchinnikov AN, Paoli A, Seleznev VV, Deryugina AV. Royal jelly plus coenzyme Q10 supplementation improves high-intensity interval exercise performance via changes in plasmatic and salivary biomarkers of oxidative stress and muscle damage in swimmers: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot trial. J Int Soc Sports Nutr 2022; 19:239-257. [PMID: 35813842 PMCID: PMC9261740 DOI: 10.1080/15502783.2022.2086015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Excessive production of free radicals caused by many types of exercise results in oxidative stress, which leads to muscle damage, fatigue, and impaired performance. Supplementation with royal jelly (RJ) or coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) has been shown to attenuate exercise-induced oxidant stress in damaged muscle and improve various aspects of exercise performance in many but not all studies. Nevertheless, the effects of treatments based on RJ plus CoQ10 supplementation, which may be potentially beneficial for reducing oxidative stress and enhancing athletic performance, remain unexplored. This study aimed to examine whether oral RJ and CoQ10 co-supplementation could improve high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) performance in swimmers, inhibiting exercise-induced oxidative stress and muscle damage. Methods Twenty high-level swimmers were randomly allocated to receive either 400 mg of RJ and 60 mg of CoQ10 (RJQ) or matching placebo (PLA) once daily for 10 days. Exercise performance was evaluated at baseline, and then reassessed at day 10 of intervention, using a HIIE protocol. Diene conjugates (DC), Schiff bases (SB), and creatine kinase (CK) were also measured in blood plasma and saliva before and immediately after HIIE in both groups. Results HIIE performance expressed as number of points according to a single assessment system developed and approved by the International Swimming Federation (FINA points) significantly improved in RJQ group (p = 0.013) compared to PLA group. Exercise-induced increase in DC, SB, and CK levels in plasma and saliva significantly diminished only in RJQ group (p < 0.05). Regression analysis showed that oral RJQ administration for 10 days was significantly associated with reductions in HIIE-induced increases in plasmatic and salivary DC, SB, and CK levels compared to PLA. Principal component analysis revealed that swimmers treated with RJQ are grouped by both plasmatic and salivary principal components (PC) into a separate cluster compared to PLA. Strong negative correlation between the number of FINA points and plasmatic and salivary PC1 values was observed in both intervention groups. Conclusion The improvements in swimmers’ HIIE performance were due in significant part to RJQ-induced reducing in lipid peroxidation and muscle damage in response to exercise. These findings suggest that RJQ supplementation for 10 days is potentially effective for enhancing HIIE performance and alleviating oxidant stress. Abbreviations RJ, royal jelly; CoQ10, coenzyme Q10; HIIE, high-intensity interval exercise; DC, diene conjugates; SB, Schiff bases; CK, creatine kinase; RJQ, royal jelly plus coenzyme Q10; PLA, placebo; FINA points, points according to a single assessment system developed and approved by the International Swimming Federation; ROS, reactive oxygen species; 10H2DA, 10-hydroxy-2-decenoic acid; AMPK, 5′-AMP-activated protein kinase; FoxO3, forkhead box O3; MnSOD, manganese-superoxide dismutase; CAT, catalase; E, optical densities; PCA, principal component analysis; PC, principal component; MCFAs, medium-chain fatty acids; CaMKKβ, Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase β; TBARS, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances; MDA, malondialdehyde.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandr N. Ovchinnikov
- Department of Sports Medicine and Psychology, Lobachevsky University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
- Laboratory of Integral Human Health, Lobachevsky University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Antonio Paoli
- Laboratory of Integral Human Health, Lobachevsky University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Vladislav V. Seleznev
- Department of Theory and Methodology of Sport Training, Lobachevsky University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Anna V. Deryugina
- Laboratory of Integral Human Health, Lobachevsky University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
- Department of Physiology and Anatomy, Lobachevsky University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
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146
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da Silva MM, Gomes MFP, de Moura EDOC, Veras MM, Kubota MC, Takano AP, dos Santos ACC, José CGDR, Souza GADS, Cardoso NM, Estadella D, Lambertucci RH, Medeiros A. Aerobic exercise training combined or not with okra consumption as a strategy to prevent kidney changes caused by metabolic syndrome in Zucker rats. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0269418. [PMID: 35657982 PMCID: PMC9165804 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0269418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The complications of Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) include kidney disease, and most dialysis patients are diagnosed with MetS. The benefit of exercise training (ET) for MetS treatment is already well defined in the literature, but the antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic benefits of okra (O) have been discovered only recently. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of O and/or ET supplementation on renal function and histology; serum urea and creatinine value; inflammation (IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α) and oxidative stress in renal tissue. For this, 32 Zucker rats (fa/fa) were randomly separated into four groups of 8 animals each: Metabolic Syndrome (MetS), MetS + Okra (MetS + O), MetS + Exercise Training (MetS + ET), and MetS + Exercise Training and Okra (MetS + ET + O), and 8 Zucker lean (fa/+) rats comprised the Control group (CTL). Okra was administered by orogastric gavage 2x/day (morning and night, 100 mg/kg) and ET performed on the treadmill, at moderate intensity, 1h/day, 5x/week for 6 weeks. Although the renal function was not altered, the animals with MetS showed greater fibrotic deposition accompanied by a worse stage of renal injury, in addition to increased kidney weight. Although all interventions were beneficial in reducing fibrosis, only ET combined with O was able to improve the degree of renal tissue impairment. ET improved the anti-inflammatory status and reduced nitrite levels, but the combination of ET and O was more beneficial as regards catalase activity. Okra consumption alone did not promote changes in inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress in the kidney. In conclusion, ET combined or not with O seems to be beneficial in preventing the progression of renal disease when renal function is not yet altered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monique Marques da Silva
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of São Paulo, Santos, Brazil
| | | | | | - Mariana Matera Veras
- Laboratory of Environmental Air Pollution, Department of Pathology, University of São Paulo - School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Melina Chiemi Kubota
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of São Paulo, Santos, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Takano
- Laboratory of Environmental Air Pollution, Department of Pathology, University of São Paulo - School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Naiara Magalhães Cardoso
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of São Paulo, Santos, Brazil
| | - Debora Estadella
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of São Paulo, Santos, Brazil
- Biosciences Department, Federal University of São Paulo, Santos, Brazil
| | - Rafael Herling Lambertucci
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of São Paulo, Santos, Brazil
- Biosciences Department, Federal University of São Paulo, Santos, Brazil
| | - Alessandra Medeiros
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of São Paulo, Santos, Brazil
- Biosciences Department, Federal University of São Paulo, Santos, Brazil
- * E-mail:
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Loss of PPR protein Ppr2 induces ferroptosis-like cell death in Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Arch Microbiol 2022; 204:360. [DOI: 10.1007/s00203-022-02970-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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148
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Darmian MA, Hoseini R, Amiri E, Golshani S. Downregulated hs-CRP and MAD, upregulated GSH and TAC, and improved metabolic status following combined exercise and turmeric supplementation: a clinical trial in middle-aged women with hyperlipidemic type 2 diabetes. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2022; 21:275-283. [PMID: 35106289 PMCID: PMC8795726 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-022-00970-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Background Aerobic training (AT) and Turmeric Supplementation (TS) are known to exert multiple beneficial effects including metabolic status and Oxidative Stress. To our knowledge, data on the effects of AT and TS on metabolic status and oxidative stress biomarkers related to inflammation in subjects with Hyperlipidemic Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (HT2DM) are scarce. Objectives This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of AT and TS on metabolic status and oxidative stress biomarkers related to inflammation in subjects with HT2DM. Methods This randomized single-blinded, placebo-controlled trial was conducted among 42 subjects with HT2DM, aged 45-60 years old. Participants were randomly assigned to four groups; AT+TS (n = 11), AT+placebo (AT; n = 10), TS (n = 11), and Control+placebo (C; n = 10). The AT program consisted of 60-75% of Maximum heart rate (HRmax), 20-40 min/day, three days/week for eight weeks. The participants in the TS group consumed three 700 mg capsules/day containing turmeric powder for eight weeks. Metabolic status and oxidative stress biomarkers were assessed at baseline and end of treatment. The data were analyzed through paired t-test and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Bonferroni post hoc test at the signification level of P < 0.05. Results After eight weeks, significant improvements were observed in metabolic status, oxidative stress biomarkers and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) in the AT+TS, TS, and AT compared to C. Additionally, a significant decrease of Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) Z scores (p = 0.001; p = 0.011), hs-CRP (p = 0.028; p = 0.041), Malondialdehyde (MAD) (p = 0.023; p = 0.001), and significantly higher Glutathione (GSH) (p = 0.003; p = 0.001), and Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC) (p = 0.001; p = 0.001) compared to the AT and TS groups. The results also revealed a significant difference in terms of MetS Z scores (p = 0.001), hs-CRP (p = 0.018), MAD (p = 0.011), GSH (p = 0.001) and TAC (p = 0.025) between the AT and TS. Conclusions The findings suggest that AT+TS improves metabolic status, oxidative stress biomarkers, and hs-CRP more effectively compared to TS or AT in middle-aged females with T2DM and hyperlipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Ahmadi Darmian
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Razi University, No. 9, Taq Bostan, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Rastegar Hoseini
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Razi University, No. 9, Taq Bostan, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Ehsan Amiri
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Razi University, No. 9, Taq Bostan, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Sanam Golshani
- Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Army Hospital No. 520, Kermanshah, Iran
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149
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Wang Z, Xie C, Zhang J, Ji S, Zhao J, Nie X. The responses of Scrippsiella acuminata to the stresses of darkness: antioxidant activities and formation of pellicle cysts. HARMFUL ALGAE 2022; 115:102239. [PMID: 35623691 DOI: 10.1016/j.hal.2022.102239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In order to understand the strategy of Scrippsiella acuminata to cold dark environment, the antioxidant responses and the formation of pellicle cysts of S. acuminata to darkness at 8°C and 20°C were investigated. Cell densities decreased significantly after 96 h dark treatment, and no live cells were observed after 9-days dark treatments. The darkness stress generally resulted in an increase of antioxidant defenses, including soluble protein, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH), and malondialdehyde (MDA). Cellular soluble protein and SOD activity increased sharply under 20°C darkness, which protected algal cells against the oxidative stress from darkness, and resulted in relatively lower MDA levels. Soluble protein and SOD activity were enhanced under 8°C darkness as well however not in a sharp rise, and higher levels of MDA and GSH were recorded. The results suggested high SOD and protein levels protected cells against harsh darkness stress, while high GSH not only helped algae cells resist dark stress, but also played an important role in low temperature stress. Darkness promoted the formation of pellicle cysts of S. acuminata, and the maximum formation rates were 16.06% to 21.74% at 8°C and 20°C, respectively. Germination of pellicle cysts occurred within 24 h after light exposure, however pellicle cysts could not withstand long-time darkness stress, and all pellicle cysts died after 9-days darkness exposure. The results of this study suggest that S. acuminata is able to overcome temporary cold darkness through forming pellicle cysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaohui Wang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
| | - Changliang Xie
- College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Jianneng Zhang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Shuanghui Ji
- College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Jiangang Zhao
- College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
| | - Xiangping Nie
- College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
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Metabonomic Analysis Provides New Insights into the Response of Zhikong Scallop (Chlamys farreri) to Heat Stress by Improving Energy Metabolism and Antioxidant Capacity. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11061084. [PMID: 35739981 PMCID: PMC9219709 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11061084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Temperature is an important factor affecting the growth, development and survival of marine organisms. A short episode of high temperature has been proven to be a severe threat to sustainable shellfish culture. Zhikong scallop (Chlamys farreri), a shellfish with broad economic and biological value in North China, has frequently experienced heat stress in summer in recent years. To understand the effects of heat stress on shellfish, the metabolism of C. farreri was analyzed after exposure to 27 °C for either 6 h or 30 d. After 6 h of heat stress exposure, a total of 326 and 264 significantly different metabolites (SDMs) were identified in gill and mantle tissues, respectively. After 30 d of heat stress exposure, a total of 381 and 341 SDMs were found in the gill and mantle tissues, respectively. These SDMs were mainly related to the metabolism of amino acids, carbohydrates, lipids and nucleotides. A decline in pyruvic acid, and an increase in citric acid and fumaric acid in the gills and mantle of C. farreri indicated an alteration in energy metabolism, which may be attributed to increased ATP production in order to overcome the heat stress. Among the SDMs, 33 metabolites, including pyruvic acid, glycine and citric acid, were selected as potential biomarkers for heat stress response in C. farreri. In addition, a decline in glutamine and β-Alanine levels indicated oxidative stress in C. farreri exposed to heat, as well as an increase in the total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC). Our findings suggested C. farreri have the potential to adapt to heat stress by regulating energy metabolism and antioxidant capacity.
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