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The Adhesion GPCR VLGR1/ADGRV1 Regulates the Ca2+ Homeostasis at Mitochondria-Associated ER Membranes. Cells 2022; 11:cells11182790. [PMID: 36139365 PMCID: PMC9496679 DOI: 10.3390/cells11182790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The very large G protein-coupled receptor (VLGR1, ADGRV1) is the largest member of the adhesion GPCR family. Mutations in VLGR1 have been associated with the human Usher syndrome (USH), the most common form of inherited deaf-blindness as well as childhood absence epilepsy. VLGR1 was previously found as membrane–membrane adhesion complexes and focal adhesions. Affinity proteomics revealed that in the interactome of VLGR1, molecules are enriched that are associated with both the ER and mitochondria, as well as mitochondria-associated ER membranes (MAMs), a compartment at the contact sites of both organelles. We confirmed the interaction of VLGR1 with key proteins of MAMs by pull-down assays in vitro complemented by in situ proximity ligation assays in cells. Immunocytochemistry by light and electron microscopy demonstrated the localization of VLGR1 in MAMs. The absence of VLGR1 in tissues and cells derived from VLGR1-deficient mouse models resulted in alterations in the MAM architecture and in the dysregulation of the Ca2+ transient from ER to mitochondria. Our data demonstrate the molecular and functional interaction of VLGR1 with components in MAMs and point to an essential role of VLGR1 in the regulation of Ca2+ homeostasis, one of the key functions of MAMs.
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102
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Shapovalov G, Ritaine A, Essonghe NC, de Ridder I, Ivanova H, Karamanou S, Economou A, Bultynck G, Skryma R, Prevarskaya N. Allosteric cross-talk between the hydrophobic cleft and the BH4 domain of Bcl-2 in control of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor activity. EXPLORATION OF TARGETED ANTI-TUMOR THERAPY 2022; 3:375-391. [PMID: 36045908 PMCID: PMC9400710 DOI: 10.37349/etat.2022.00088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor (IP3R) is a ubiquitous calcium (Ca2+) channel involved in the regulation of cellular fate and motility. Its modulation by anti-apoptotic protein B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) plays an important role in cancer progression. Disrupting this interaction could overcome apoptosis avoidance, one of the hallmarks of cancer, and is, thus, of great interest. Earlier reports have shown the involvement of both the Bcl-2 homology 4 (BH4) and the transmembrane domains (TMDs) of Bcl-2 in regulating IP3R activity, while the Bcl-2 hydrophobic cleft was associated primarily with its anti-apoptotic and IP3R-independent action at the mitochondria (Oncotarget. 2016;7:55704–20. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.11005). The aim of this study was to investigate how targeting the BH3 hydrophobic cleft of Bcl-2 affects IP3R:Bcl-2 interaction. Methods: Organelle membrane-derived (OMD) patch-clamp and circular dichroism (CD) thermal melting experiments were used to elucidate the effects of the ABT-199 (venetoclax) on the IP3R:Bcl-2 interaction. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of free and ABT-199 bound Bcl-2 were used to propose a molecular model of such interaction. Results: It was shown that occlusion of Bcl-2’s hydrophobic cleft by the drug ABT-199 finely modulates IP3R gating in the low open probability (Po) regime, characteristic of the basal IP3R activity in non-excited cells. Complementary MD simulations allowed to propose a model of this modulation, involving an allosteric interaction with the BH4 domain on the opposite side of Bcl-2. Conclusions: Bcl-2 is an important regulator of IP3R activity and, thus of Ca2+ release from internal stores and associated processes, including cellular proliferation and death. The presence of multiple regulatory domains in both proteins suggests a complex interaction. Thus, it was found that the occlusion of the hydrophobic cleft of Bcl-2 by ABT-199 disrupts IP3R activity, leading to Bcl-2 rebinding with smaller affinity and lesser inhibitory effect. MDs simulations of free and ABT-199 bound Bcl-2 propose a molecular model of such disruption, involving an allosteric interaction with the BH4 domain on the opposite side of Bcl-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Shapovalov
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, U1003 - PHYCEL - Physiologie Cellulaire, F-59000 Lille, France.,Laboratory of Excellence, Ion Channels Science and Therapeutics, 59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - Abigaël Ritaine
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, U1003 - PHYCEL - Physiologie Cellulaire, F-59000 Lille, France.,Laboratory of Excellence, Ion Channels Science and Therapeutics, 59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq, France.,KU Leuven, Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Campus Gasthuisberg O/N-I bus 802, Herestraat 49, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Nadege Charlene Essonghe
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, U1003 - PHYCEL - Physiologie Cellulaire, F-59000 Lille, France.,Laboratory of Excellence, Ion Channels Science and Therapeutics, 59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - Ian de Ridder
- KU Leuven, Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Campus Gasthuisberg O/N-I bus 802, Herestraat 49, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Hristina Ivanova
- KU Leuven, Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Campus Gasthuisberg O/N-I bus 802, Herestraat 49, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Spyridoula Karamanou
- KU Leuven, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute of Medical Research, Laboratory of Molecular Bacteriology, Herestraat 49, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Anastassios Economou
- KU Leuven, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute of Medical Research, Laboratory of Molecular Bacteriology, Herestraat 49, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Geert Bultynck
- KU Leuven, Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Campus Gasthuisberg O/N-I bus 802, Herestraat 49, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Roman Skryma
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, U1003 - PHYCEL - Physiologie Cellulaire, F-59000 Lille, France.,Laboratory of Excellence, Ion Channels Science and Therapeutics, 59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - Natalia Prevarskaya
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, U1003 - PHYCEL - Physiologie Cellulaire, F-59000 Lille, France.,Laboratory of Excellence, Ion Channels Science and Therapeutics, 59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
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103
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Beaulant A, Dia M, Pillot B, Chauvin MA, Ji-Cao J, Durand C, Bendridi N, Chanon S, Vieille-Marchiset A, Da Silva CC, Patouraux S, Anty R, Iannelli A, Tran A, Gual P, Vidal H, Gomez L, Paillard M, Rieusset J. Endoplasmic reticulum-mitochondria miscommunication is an early and causal trigger of hepatic insulin resistance and steatosis. J Hepatol 2022; 77:710-722. [PMID: 35358616 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2022.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Hepatic insulin resistance in obesity and type 2 diabetes was recently associated with endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-mitochondria miscommunication. These contact sites (mitochondria-associated membranes: MAMs) are highly dynamic and involved in many functions; however, whether MAM dysfunction plays a causal role in hepatic insulin resistance and steatosis is not clear. Thus, we aimed to determine whether and how organelle miscommunication plays a role in the onset and progression of hepatic metabolic impairment. METHODS We analyzed hepatic ER-mitochondria interactions and calcium exchange in a time-dependent and reversible manner in mice with diet-induced obesity. Additionally, we used recombinant adenovirus to express a specific organelle spacer or linker in mouse livers, to determine the causal impact of MAM dysfunction on hepatic metabolic alterations. RESULTS Disruption of ER-mitochondria interactions and calcium exchange is an early event preceding hepatic insulin resistance and steatosis in mice with diet-induced obesity. Interestingly, an 8-week reversal diet concomitantly reversed hepatic organelle miscommunication and insulin resistance in obese mice. Mechanistically, disrupting structural and functional ER-mitochondria interactions through the hepatic overexpression of the organelle spacer FATE1 was sufficient to impair hepatic insulin action and glucose homeostasis. In addition, FATE1-mediated organelle miscommunication disrupted lipid-related mitochondrial oxidative metabolism and induced hepatic steatosis. Conversely, reinforcement of ER-mitochondria interactions through hepatic expression of a synthetic linker prevented diet-induced glucose intolerance after 4 weeks' overnutrition. Importantly, ER-mitochondria miscommunication was confirmed in the liver of obese patients with type 2 diabetes, and correlated with glycemia, HbA1c and HOMA-IR index. CONCLUSIONS ER-mitochondria miscommunication is an early causal trigger of hepatic insulin resistance and steatosis, and can be reversed by switching to a healthy diet. Thus, targeting MAMs could help to restore metabolic homeostasis. LAY SUMMARY The literature suggests that interactions between the endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria could play a role in hepatic insulin resistance and steatosis during chronic obesity. In the present study, we reappraised the time-dependent regulation of hepatic endoplasmic reticulum-mitochondria interactions and calcium exchange, investigating reversibility and causality, in mice with diet-induced obesity. We also assessed the relevance of our findings to humans. We show that organelle miscommunication is an early causal trigger of hepatic insulin resistance and steatosis that can be improved by nutritional strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agathe Beaulant
- Laboratoire CarMeN, UMR INSERM U1060/INRA U1397, Université Claude Bernard Lyon1, F-69310 Pierre-Bénite and F-69500 Bron, France
| | - Maya Dia
- Laboratoire CarMeN, UMR INSERM U1060/INRA U1397, Université Claude Bernard Lyon1, F-69310 Pierre-Bénite and F-69500 Bron, France
| | - Bruno Pillot
- Laboratoire CarMeN, UMR INSERM U1060/INRA U1397, Université Claude Bernard Lyon1, F-69310 Pierre-Bénite and F-69500 Bron, France
| | - Marie-Agnes Chauvin
- Laboratoire CarMeN, UMR INSERM U1060/INRA U1397, Université Claude Bernard Lyon1, F-69310 Pierre-Bénite and F-69500 Bron, France
| | - Jingwei Ji-Cao
- Laboratoire CarMeN, UMR INSERM U1060/INRA U1397, Université Claude Bernard Lyon1, F-69310 Pierre-Bénite and F-69500 Bron, France
| | - Christine Durand
- Laboratoire CarMeN, UMR INSERM U1060/INRA U1397, Université Claude Bernard Lyon1, F-69310 Pierre-Bénite and F-69500 Bron, France
| | - Nadia Bendridi
- Laboratoire CarMeN, UMR INSERM U1060/INRA U1397, Université Claude Bernard Lyon1, F-69310 Pierre-Bénite and F-69500 Bron, France
| | - Stephanie Chanon
- Laboratoire CarMeN, UMR INSERM U1060/INRA U1397, Université Claude Bernard Lyon1, F-69310 Pierre-Bénite and F-69500 Bron, France
| | - Aurelie Vieille-Marchiset
- Laboratoire CarMeN, UMR INSERM U1060/INRA U1397, Université Claude Bernard Lyon1, F-69310 Pierre-Bénite and F-69500 Bron, France
| | - Claire Crola Da Silva
- Laboratoire CarMeN, UMR INSERM U1060/INRA U1397, Université Claude Bernard Lyon1, F-69310 Pierre-Bénite and F-69500 Bron, France
| | - Stéphanie Patouraux
- Université Côte d'Azur, CHU, INSERM, U1065, C3M, Nice, France; Université Côte d'Azur, INSERM, U1065, C3M, Nice, France
| | - Rodolphe Anty
- Université Côte d'Azur, CHU, INSERM, U1065, C3M, Nice, France; Université Côte d'Azur, INSERM, U1065, C3M, Nice, France
| | - Antonio Iannelli
- Université Côte d'Azur, CHU, INSERM, U1065, C3M, Nice, France; Université Côte d'Azur, INSERM, U1065, C3M, Nice, France
| | - Albert Tran
- Université Côte d'Azur, CHU, INSERM, U1065, C3M, Nice, France; Université Côte d'Azur, INSERM, U1065, C3M, Nice, France
| | - Philippe Gual
- Université Côte d'Azur, INSERM, U1065, C3M, Nice, France
| | - Hubert Vidal
- Laboratoire CarMeN, UMR INSERM U1060/INRA U1397, Université Claude Bernard Lyon1, F-69310 Pierre-Bénite and F-69500 Bron, France
| | - Ludovic Gomez
- Laboratoire CarMeN, UMR INSERM U1060/INRA U1397, Université Claude Bernard Lyon1, F-69310 Pierre-Bénite and F-69500 Bron, France
| | - Melanie Paillard
- Laboratoire CarMeN, UMR INSERM U1060/INRA U1397, Université Claude Bernard Lyon1, F-69310 Pierre-Bénite and F-69500 Bron, France
| | - Jennifer Rieusset
- Laboratoire CarMeN, UMR INSERM U1060/INRA U1397, Université Claude Bernard Lyon1, F-69310 Pierre-Bénite and F-69500 Bron, France.
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104
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Dentoni G, Castro-Aldrete L, Naia L, Ankarcrona M. The Potential of Small Molecules to Modulate the Mitochondria-Endoplasmic Reticulum Interplay in Alzheimer's Disease. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:920228. [PMID: 36092728 PMCID: PMC9459385 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.920228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disease affecting a growing number of elderly individuals. No disease-modifying drugs have yet been identified despite over 30 years of research on the topic, showing the need for further research on this multifactorial disease. In addition to the accumulation of amyloid β-peptide (Aβ) and hyperphosphorylated tau (p-tau), several other alterations have been associated with AD such as calcium (Ca2+) signaling, glucose-, fatty acid-, cholesterol-, and phospholipid metabolism, inflammation, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Interestingly, all these processes have been associated with the mitochondria-endoplasmic reticulum (ER) contact site (MERCS) signaling hub. We and others have hypothesized that the dysregulated MERCS function may be one of the main pathogenic pathways driving AD pathology. Due to the variety of biological processes overseen at the MERCS, we believe that they constitute unique therapeutic targets to boost the neuronal function and recover neuronal homeostasis. Thus, developing molecules with the capacity to correct and/or modulate the MERCS interplay can unleash unique therapeutic opportunities for AD. The potential pharmacological intervention using MERCS modulators in different models of AD is currently under investigation. Here, we survey small molecules with the potential to modulate MERCS structures and functions and restore neuronal homeostasis in AD. We will focus on recently reported examples and provide an overview of the current challenges and future perspectives to develop MERCS modulators in the context of translational research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Maria Ankarcrona
- Division of Neurogeriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Science and Society (NVS), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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105
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Khan MW, Terry AR, Priyadarshini M, Ilievski V, Farooq Z, Guzman G, Cordoba-Chacon J, Ben-Sahra I, Wicksteed B, Layden BT. The hexokinase "HKDC1" interaction with the mitochondria is essential for liver cancer progression. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:660. [PMID: 35902556 PMCID: PMC9334634 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-04999-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Liver cancer (LC) is the fourth leading cause of death from cancer malignancies. Recently, a putative fifth hexokinase, hexokinase domain containing 1 (HKDC1), was shown to have significant overexpression in LC compared to healthy liver tissue. Using a combination of in vitro and in vivo tools, we examined the role of HKDC1 in LC development and progression. Importantly, HKDC1 ablation stops LC development and progression via its action at the mitochondria by promoting metabolic reprogramming and a shift of glucose flux away from the TCA cycle. HKDC1 ablation leads to mitochondrial dysfunction resulting in less cellular energy, which cannot be compensated by enhanced glucose uptake. Moreover, we show that the interaction of HKDC1 with the mitochondria is essential for its role in LC progression, and without this interaction, mitochondrial dysfunction occurs. As HKDC1 is highly expressed in LC cells, but only to a minimal degree in hepatocytes under normal conditions, targeting HKDC1, specifically its interaction with the mitochondria, may represent a highly selective approach to target cancer cells in LC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Wasim Khan
- grid.185648.60000 0001 2175 0319Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612 USA
| | - Alexander R. Terry
- grid.185648.60000 0001 2175 0319Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607 USA
| | - Medha Priyadarshini
- grid.185648.60000 0001 2175 0319Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612 USA
| | - Vladimir Ilievski
- grid.185648.60000 0001 2175 0319Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612 USA
| | - Zeenat Farooq
- grid.185648.60000 0001 2175 0319Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612 USA
| | - Grace Guzman
- grid.412973.a0000 0004 0434 4425Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Cancer Center, University of Illinois Hospital and Health Science Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612 USA
| | - Jose Cordoba-Chacon
- grid.185648.60000 0001 2175 0319Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612 USA
| | - Issam Ben-Sahra
- grid.16753.360000 0001 2299 3507Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611 USA
| | - Barton Wicksteed
- grid.185648.60000 0001 2175 0319Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612 USA
| | - Brian T. Layden
- grid.185648.60000 0001 2175 0319Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612 USA ,grid.280892.90000 0004 0419 4711Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612 USA
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106
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Carreras-Sureda A, Kroemer G, Cardenas JC, Hetz C. Balancing energy and protein homeostasis at ER-mitochondria contact sites. Sci Signal 2022; 15:eabm7524. [DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.abm7524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is the largest organelle of the cell and participates in multiple essential functions, including the production of secretory proteins, lipid synthesis, and calcium storage. Sustaining proteostasis requires an intimate coupling with energy production. Mitochondrial respiration evolved to be functionally connected to ER physiology through a physical interface between both organelles known as mitochondria-associated membranes. This quasi-synaptic structure acts as a signaling hub that tunes the function of both organelles in a bidirectional manner and controls proteostasis, cell death pathways, and mitochondrial bioenergetics. Here, we discuss the main signaling mechanisms governing interorganellar communication and their putative role in diseases including cancer and neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amado Carreras-Sureda
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, University of Geneva, 1, rue Michel-Servet, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Inserm U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, 75006 Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Institut Gustave Roussy, 94805 Villejuif, France
- Department of Biology, Institut du Cancer Paris CARPEM, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Julio Cesar Cardenas
- Center for Integrative Biology, Mayor University, 7510041 Santiago, Chile
- Center for Geroscience, Brain Health, and Metabolism, 70086 Santiago, Chile
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA 94945, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
| | - Claudio Hetz
- Center for Geroscience, Brain Health, and Metabolism, 70086 Santiago, Chile
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA 94945, USA
- Faculty of Medicine, Biomedical Neuroscience Institute, University of Chile, 70086 Santiago, Chile
- Program of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Chile, 70086 Santiago, Chile
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107
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Li J, Wang Z, Li C, Song Y, Wang Y, Bo H, Zhang Y. Impact of Exercise and Aging on Mitochondrial Homeostasis in Skeletal Muscle: Roles of ROS and Epigenetics. Cells 2022; 11:cells11132086. [PMID: 35805170 PMCID: PMC9266156 DOI: 10.3390/cells11132086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging causes degenerative changes such as epigenetic changes and mitochondrial dysfunction in skeletal muscle. Exercise can upregulate muscle mitochondrial homeostasis and enhance antioxidant capacity and represents an effective treatment to prevent muscle aging. Epigenetic changes such as DNA methylation, histone posttranslational modifications, and microRNA expression are involved in the regulation of exercise-induced adaptive changes in muscle mitochondria. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play an important role in signaling molecules in exercise-induced muscle mitochondrial health benefits, and strong evidence emphasizes that exercise-induced ROS can regulate gene expression via epigenetic mechanisms. The majority of mitochondrial proteins are imported into mitochondria from the cytosol, so mitochondrial homeostasis is regulated by nuclear epigenetic mechanisms. Exercise can reverse aging-induced changes in myokine expression by modulating epigenetic mechanisms. In this review, we provide an overview of the role of exercise-generated ROS in the regulation of mitochondrial homeostasis mediated by epigenetic mechanisms. In addition, the potential epigenetic mechanisms involved in exercise-induced myokine expression are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialin Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Exercise Physiology and Sports Medicine, Institute of Exercise and Health, Tianjin University of Sport, Tianjin 301617, China; (J.L.); (Z.W.); (C.L.); (Y.S.); (Y.W.)
| | - Zhe Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Exercise Physiology and Sports Medicine, Institute of Exercise and Health, Tianjin University of Sport, Tianjin 301617, China; (J.L.); (Z.W.); (C.L.); (Y.S.); (Y.W.)
| | - Can Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Exercise Physiology and Sports Medicine, Institute of Exercise and Health, Tianjin University of Sport, Tianjin 301617, China; (J.L.); (Z.W.); (C.L.); (Y.S.); (Y.W.)
| | - Yu Song
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Exercise Physiology and Sports Medicine, Institute of Exercise and Health, Tianjin University of Sport, Tianjin 301617, China; (J.L.); (Z.W.); (C.L.); (Y.S.); (Y.W.)
| | - Yan Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Exercise Physiology and Sports Medicine, Institute of Exercise and Health, Tianjin University of Sport, Tianjin 301617, China; (J.L.); (Z.W.); (C.L.); (Y.S.); (Y.W.)
| | - Hai Bo
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Exercise Physiology and Sports Medicine, Institute of Exercise and Health, Tianjin University of Sport, Tianjin 301617, China; (J.L.); (Z.W.); (C.L.); (Y.S.); (Y.W.)
- Department of Military Training Medicines, Logistics University of Chinese People’s Armed Police Force, Tianjin 300162, China
- Correspondence: (H.B.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Yong Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Exercise Physiology and Sports Medicine, Institute of Exercise and Health, Tianjin University of Sport, Tianjin 301617, China; (J.L.); (Z.W.); (C.L.); (Y.S.); (Y.W.)
- Correspondence: (H.B.); (Y.Z.)
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108
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Callens M, Loncke J, Bultynck G. Dysregulated Ca 2+ Homeostasis as a Central Theme in Neurodegeneration: Lessons from Alzheimer's Disease and Wolfram Syndrome. Cells 2022; 11:cells11121963. [PMID: 35741091 PMCID: PMC9221778 DOI: 10.3390/cells11121963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcium ions (Ca2+) operate as important messengers in the cell, indispensable for signaling the underlying numerous cellular processes in all of the cell types in the human body. In neurons, Ca2+ signaling is crucial for regulating synaptic transmission and for the processes of learning and memory formation. Hence, the dysregulation of intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis results in a broad range of disorders, including cancer and neurodegeneration. A major source for intracellular Ca2+ is the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), which has close contacts with other organelles, including mitochondria. In this review, we focus on the emerging role of Ca2+ signaling at the ER–mitochondrial interface in two different neurodegenerative diseases, namely Alzheimer’s disease and Wolfram syndrome. Both of these diseases share some common hallmarks in the early stages, including alterations in the ER and mitochondrial Ca2+ handling, mitochondrial dysfunction and increased Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. This indicates that similar mechanisms may underly these two disease pathologies and suggests that both research topics might benefit from complementary research.
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109
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Zhang L, Qi J, Zhang X, Zhao X, An P, Luo Y, Luo J. The Regulatory Roles of Mitochondrial Calcium and the Mitochondrial Calcium Uniporter in Tumor Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23126667. [PMID: 35743109 PMCID: PMC9223557 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23126667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria, as the main site of cellular energy metabolism and the generation of oxygen free radicals, are the key switch for mitochondria-mediated endogenous apoptosis. Ca2+ is not only an important messenger for cell proliferation, but it is also an indispensable signal for cell death. Ca2+ participates in and plays a crucial role in the energy metabolism, physiology, and pathology of mitochondria. Mitochondria control the uptake and release of Ca2+ through channels/transporters, such as the mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU), and influence the concentration of Ca2+ in both mitochondria and cytoplasm, thereby regulating cellular Ca2+ homeostasis. Mitochondrial Ca2+ transport-related processes are involved in important biological processes of tumor cells including proliferation, metabolism, and apoptosis. In particular, MCU and its regulatory proteins represent a new era in the study of MCU-mediated mitochondrial Ca2+ homeostasis in tumors. Through an in-depth analysis of the close correlation between mitochondrial Ca2+ and energy metabolism, autophagy, and apoptosis of tumor cells, we can provide a valuable reference for further understanding of how mitochondrial Ca2+ regulation helps diagnosis and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China;
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (J.Q.); (X.Z.); (X.Z.)
| | - Jingyi Qi
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (J.Q.); (X.Z.); (X.Z.)
| | - Xu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (J.Q.); (X.Z.); (X.Z.)
| | - Xiya Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (J.Q.); (X.Z.); (X.Z.)
| | - Peng An
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (J.Q.); (X.Z.); (X.Z.)
- Correspondence: (P.A.); (Y.L.); (J.L.)
| | - Yongting Luo
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (J.Q.); (X.Z.); (X.Z.)
- Correspondence: (P.A.); (Y.L.); (J.L.)
| | - Junjie Luo
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (J.Q.); (X.Z.); (X.Z.)
- Correspondence: (P.A.); (Y.L.); (J.L.)
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Zhao S, Zhang J, Sun X, Yangzom C, Shang P. Mitochondrial calcium uniporter involved in foodborne mycotoxin-induced hepatotoxicity. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 237:113535. [PMID: 35461028 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Foodborne mycotoxins are toxic metabolites that are produced by fungi. The widespread contamination of food and its by-products by mycotoxins is a global food safety problem that potentially threatens public health and other exposed animals. Most foodborne mycotoxins induce hepatotoxicity. However, only few studies have investigated the regulatory mechanisms of mitochondrial calcium transport monomers in mycotoxin-induced hepatotoxicity. Therefore, according to relevant studies and reports, this review suggests that intracellular Ca(2 +) homeostasis and mitochondrial Ca(2 +) uniporter are involved in the regulation of mycotoxin-induced hepatotoxicity. This review provides some ideas for future research involving mitochondrial Ca(2 +) uniporter in the molecular targets of mycotoxin-induced hepatotoxicity, as well as a reference for the research and development of related drugs and the treatment of related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunwang Zhao
- College of Animal Science, Tibet Agriculture and Animal Husbandry College, Linzhi, Tibet, People's Republic of China; The Provincial and Ministerial co-founded collaborative innovation center for R & D in Tibet characteristic Agricultural and Animal Husbandry resources, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Zhang
- College of Animal Science, Tibet Agriculture and Animal Husbandry College, Linzhi, Tibet, People's Republic of China; The Provincial and Ministerial co-founded collaborative innovation center for R & D in Tibet characteristic Agricultural and Animal Husbandry resources, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueqian Sun
- College of Animal Science, Tibet Agriculture and Animal Husbandry College, Linzhi, Tibet, People's Republic of China; The Provincial and Ministerial co-founded collaborative innovation center for R & D in Tibet characteristic Agricultural and Animal Husbandry resources, People's Republic of China
| | - Chamba Yangzom
- College of Animal Science, Tibet Agriculture and Animal Husbandry College, Linzhi, Tibet, People's Republic of China; The Provincial and Ministerial co-founded collaborative innovation center for R & D in Tibet characteristic Agricultural and Animal Husbandry resources, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Shang
- College of Animal Science, Tibet Agriculture and Animal Husbandry College, Linzhi, Tibet, People's Republic of China; The Provincial and Ministerial co-founded collaborative innovation center for R & D in Tibet characteristic Agricultural and Animal Husbandry resources, People's Republic of China.
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Zhang T, Liu Q, Gao W, Sehgal SA, Wu H. The multifaceted regulation of mitophagy by endogenous metabolites. Autophagy 2022; 18:1216-1239. [PMID: 34583624 PMCID: PMC9225590 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2021.1975914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Owing to the dominant functions of mitochondria in multiple cellular metabolisms and distinct types of regulated cell death, maintaining a functional mitochondrial network is fundamental for the cellular homeostasis and body fitness in response to physiological adaptations and stressed conditions. The process of mitophagy, in which the dysfunctional or superfluous mitochondria are selectively engulfed by autophagosome and subsequently degraded in lysosome, has been well formulated as one of the major mechanisms for mitochondrial quality control. To date, the PINK1-PRKN-dependent and receptors (including proteins and lipids)-dependent pathways have been characterized to determine the mitophagy in mammalian cells. The mitophagy is highly responsive to the dynamics of endogenous metabolites, including iron-, calcium-, glycolysis-TCA-, NAD+-, amino acids-, fatty acids-, and cAMP-associated metabolites. Herein, we summarize the recent advances toward the molecular details of mitophagy regulation in mammalian cells. We also highlight the key regulations of mammalian mitophagy by endogenous metabolites, shed new light on the bidirectional interplay between mitophagy and cellular metabolisms, with attempting to provide a perspective insight into the nutritional intervention of metabolic disorders with mitophagy deficit.Abbreviations: acetyl-CoA: acetyl-coenzyme A; ACO1: aconitase 1; ADCYs: adenylate cyclases; AMPK: AMP-activated protein kinase; ATM: ATM serine/threonine kinase; BCL2L1: BCL2 like 1; BCL2L13: BCL2 like 13; BNIP3: BCL2 interacting protein 3; BNIP3L: BCL2 interacting protein 3 like; Ca2+: calcium ion; CALCOCO2: calcium binding and coiled-coil domain 2; CANX: calnexin; CO: carbon monoxide; CYCS: cytochrome c, somatic; DFP: deferiprone; DNM1L: dynamin 1 like; ER: endoplasmic reticulum; FKBP8: FKBP prolyl isomerase 8; FOXO3: forkhead box O3; FTMT: ferritin mitochondrial; FUNDC1: FUN14 domain containing 1; GABA: γ-aminobutyric acid; GSH: glutathione; HIF1A: hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha; IMMT: inner membrane mitochondrial protein; IRP1: iron regulatory protein 1; ISC: iron-sulfur cluster; ITPR2: inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate type 2 receptor; KMO: kynurenine 3-monooxygenase; LIR: LC3 interacting region; MAM: mitochondria-associated membrane; MAP1LC3: microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3; MFNs: mitofusins; mitophagy: mitochondrial autophagy; mPTP: mitochondrial permeability transition pore; MTOR: mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase; NAD+: nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide; NAM: nicotinamide; NMN: nicotinamide mononucleotide; NO: nitric oxide; NPA: Niemann-Pick type A; NR: nicotinamide riboside; NR4A1: nuclear receptor subfamily 4 group A member 1; NRF1: nuclear respiratory factor 1; OPA1: OPA1 mitochondrial dynamin like GTPase; OPTN: optineurin; PARL: presenilin associated rhomboid like; PARPs: poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases; PC: phosphatidylcholine; PHB2: prohibitin 2; PINK1: PTEN induced kinase 1; PPARG: peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma; PPARGC1A: PPARG coactivator 1 alpha; PRKA: protein kinase AMP-activated; PRKDC: protein kinase, DNA-activated, catalytic subunit; PRKN: parkin RBR E3 ubiquitin protein ligase; RHOT: ras homolog family member T; ROS: reactive oxygen species; SIRTs: sirtuins; STK11: serine/threonine kinase 11; TCA: tricarboxylic acid; TP53: tumor protein p53; ULK1: unc-51 like autophagy activating kinase 1; VDAC1: voltage dependent anion channel 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China
- Interdisciplinary Sciences Research Institute, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China
- Interdisciplinary Sciences Research Institute, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Weihua Gao
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China
- Interdisciplinary Sciences Research Institute, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | | | - Hao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China
- Interdisciplinary Sciences Research Institute, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
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Badr H, Blutrich R, Chan K, Tong J, Taylor P, Zhang W, Kafri R, Röst HL, Tsao MS, Moran MF. Proteomic characterization of a candidate polygenic driver of metabolism in non-small cell lung cancer. J Mol Biol 2022; 434:167636. [PMID: 35595168 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2022.167636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Proteome analysis revealed signatures of co-expressed upregulated metabolism proteins highly conserved between primary and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patient-derived xenograft tumors (Li et al. 2014, Nat. Communications 5:5469). The C10 signature is encoded by seven genes (ADSS, ATP2A2, CTPS1, IMPDH2, PKM2, PTGES3, SGPL1) and DNA alterations in C10-encoding genes are associated with longer survival in a subset of NSCLC. To explore the C10 signature as an oncogenic driver and address potential mechanisms of action, C10 protein expression and protein-protein interactions were determined. In independent NSCLC cohorts, the coordinated expression of C10 proteins was significant and mutations in C10 genes were associated with better outcome. Affinity purification-mass spectrometry and in vivo proximity-based biotin identification defined a C10 interactome involving 667 proteins including candidate drug targets and clusters associated with glycolysis, calcium homeostasis, and nucleotide and sphingolipid metabolism. DNA alterations in genes encoding C10 interactome components were also found to be associated with better survival. These data support the notion that the coordinated upregulation of the C10 signature impinges metabolic processes that collectively function as an oncogenic driver in NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba Badr
- Program in Cell Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Ron Blutrich
- Program in Cell Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3E1, Canada
| | - Kaitlin Chan
- Program in Cell Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3E1, Canada
| | - Jiefei Tong
- Program in Cell Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Paul Taylor
- Program in Cell Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; SPARC BioCentre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Wen Zhang
- Program in Cell Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3E1, Canada
| | - Ran Kafri
- Program in Cell Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3E1, Canada
| | - Hannes L Röst
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3E1, Canada; Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3E1, Canada
| | - Ming-Sound Tsao
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2M9, Canada; Departments of Medical Biophysics and Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Michael F Moran
- Program in Cell Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3E1, Canada; SPARC BioCentre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2M9, Canada.
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Pérez-Liébana I, Juaristi I, González-Sánchez P, González-Moreno L, Rial E, Podunavac M, Zakarian A, Molgó J, Vallejo-Illarramendi A, Mosqueira-Martín L, Lopez de Munain A, Pardo B, Satrústegui J, Del Arco A. A Ca 2+-Dependent Mechanism Boosting Glycolysis and OXPHOS by Activating Aralar-Malate-Aspartate Shuttle, upon Neuronal Stimulation. J Neurosci 2022; 42:3879-3895. [PMID: 35387872 PMCID: PMC9097769 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1463-21.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Calcium is an important second messenger regulating a bioenergetic response to the workloads triggered by neuronal activation. In embryonic mouse cortical neurons using glucose as only fuel, activation by NMDA elicits a strong workload (ATP demand)-dependent on Na+ and Ca2+ entry, and stimulates glucose uptake, glycolysis, pyruvate and lactate production, and oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) in a Ca2+-dependent way. We find that Ca2+ upregulation of glycolysis, pyruvate levels, and respiration, but not glucose uptake, all depend on Aralar/AGC1/Slc25a12, the mitochondrial aspartate-glutamate carrier, component of the malate-aspartate shuttle (MAS). MAS activation increases glycolysis, pyruvate production, and respiration, a process inhibited in the presence of BAPTA-AM, suggesting that the Ca2+ binding motifs in Aralar may be involved in the activation. Mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU) silencing had no effect, indicating that none of these processes required MCU-dependent mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake. The neuronal respiratory response to carbachol was also dependent on Aralar, but not on MCU. We find that mouse cortical neurons are endowed with a constitutive ER-to-mitochondria Ca2+ flow maintaining basal cell bioenergetics in which ryanodine receptors, RyR2, rather than InsP3R, are responsible for Ca2+ release, and in which MCU does not participate. The results reveal that, in neurons using glucose, MCU does not participate in OXPHOS regulation under basal or stimulated conditions, while Aralar-MAS appears as the major Ca2+-dependent pathway tuning simultaneously glycolysis and OXPHOS to neuronal activation.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Neuronal activation increases cell workload to restore ion gradients altered by activation. Ca2+ is involved in matching increased workload with ATP production, but the mechanisms are still unknown. We find that glycolysis, pyruvate production, and neuronal respiration are stimulated on neuronal activation in a Ca2+-dependent way, independently of effects of Ca2+ as workload inducer. Mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU) does not play a relevant role in Ca2+ stimulated pyruvate production and oxygen consumption as both are unchanged in MCU silenced neurons. However, Ca2+ stimulation is blunt in the absence of Aralar, a Ca2+-binding mitochondrial carrier component of Malate-Aspartate Shuttle (MAS). The results suggest that Ca2+-regulated Aralar-MAS activation upregulates glycolysis and pyruvate production, which fuels mitochondrial respiration, through regulation of cytosolic NAD+/NADH ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Pérez-Liébana
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Instituto Universitario de Biología Molecular -IUBM, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain; and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, 28049, Spain
| | - Inés Juaristi
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Instituto Universitario de Biología Molecular -IUBM, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain; and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, 28049, Spain
| | - Paloma González-Sánchez
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Instituto Universitario de Biología Molecular -IUBM, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain; and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, 28049, Spain
| | - Luis González-Moreno
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Instituto Universitario de Biología Molecular -IUBM, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain; and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, 28049, Spain
| | - Eduardo Rial
- Department of Structural and Chemical Biology, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, Madrid, 28040, Spain
| | - Maša Podunavac
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106
| | - Armen Zakarian
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106
| | - Jordi Molgó
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Institut des Sciences du Vivant Frédéric Joliot, ERL Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique no. 9004, Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé, Service d'Ingénierie Moléculaire pour la Santé, Gif sur Yvette, F-91191, France
| | - Ainara Vallejo-Illarramendi
- IIS Biodonostia-University of the Basque Country, Donostia, Spain; CIBERNED (institute Carlos III), Madrid, Spain; and Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitario Donostia-OSAKIDETZA, San Sebastián, 20014, Spain
| | - Laura Mosqueira-Martín
- IIS Biodonostia-University of the Basque Country, Donostia, Spain; CIBERNED (institute Carlos III), Madrid, Spain; and Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitario Donostia-OSAKIDETZA, San Sebastián, 20014, Spain
| | - Adolfo Lopez de Munain
- IIS Biodonostia-University of the Basque Country, Donostia, Spain; CIBERNED (institute Carlos III), Madrid, Spain; and Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitario Donostia-OSAKIDETZA, San Sebastián, 20014, Spain
| | - Beatriz Pardo
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Instituto Universitario de Biología Molecular -IUBM, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain; and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, 28049, Spain
| | - Jorgina Satrústegui
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Instituto Universitario de Biología Molecular -IUBM, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain; and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, 28049, Spain
| | - Araceli Del Arco
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Instituto Universitario de Biología Molecular -IUBM, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain; and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, 28049, Spain
- Facultad de Ciencias Ambientales y Bioquímica, Universidad de Castilla la Mancha, Toledo, 45071 Spain; and Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Unidad Asociada de Biomedicina, Toledo, 45071, Spain
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Calcium acts as a central player in melatonin antitumor activity in sarcoma cells. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2022; 45:415-428. [PMID: 35499815 PMCID: PMC9187547 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-022-00674-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Chondrosarcoma and osteosarcoma are the most frequently occurring bone cancers. Although surgery and chemotherapy are currently clinically applied, improved treatment options are urgently needed. Melatonin is known to inhibit cell proliferation in both tumor types. Although the underlying mechanisms are not clear yet, calcium homeostasis has been reported to be a key factor in cancer biology. Here, we set out to investigate whether regulation of calcium by this indolamine may be involved in its antitumor effect. METHODS Cell viability was measured using a MTT assay and flow cytometry was used to measure levels of cytosolic calcium, intracellular oxidants, mitochondrial membrane potential and cell cycle progression. Mitochondrial calcium was analyzed by fluorimetry. Cell migration was determined using a scratch wound-healing assay. Western blot analysis was used to assess the expression of proteins related to cell cycle progression, epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT), Ac-CoA synthesis and intracellular signaling pathways. RESULTS We found that melatonin decreases cytosolic and mitochondrial Ca2+ levels, intracellular oxidant levels, mitochondrial function and the expression of the E1 subunit of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex. These changes were found to be accompanied by decreases in cell proliferation, cell migration and EMT marker expression. The addition of CaCl2 prevented the changes mentioned above, while co-treatment with the calcium chelator BAPTA enhanced the effects. CONCLUSIONS Our data indicate that regulation of calcium homeostasis is a key factor in the inhibition of cell proliferation and migration by melatonin. This effect should be taken into consideration in combined therapies with traditional or new antitumor compounds, since it may circumvent therapy resistance.
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115
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Liu J, Yang J. Mitochondria-associated membranes: A hub for neurodegenerative diseases. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 149:112890. [PMID: 35367757 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.112890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
In eukaryotic cells, organelles could coordinate complex mechanisms of signaling transduction metabolism and gene expression through their functional interactions. The functional domain between ER and mitochondria, called mitochondria-associated membranes (MAM), is closely associated with various physiological functions including intracellular lipid transport, Ca2+ transfer, mitochondria function maintenance, and autophagosome formation. In addition, more evidence suggests that MAM modulate cellular functions in health and disease. Studies have also demonstrated the association of MAM with numerous diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, viral infection, obesity, and diabetes. In fact, recent evidence revealed a close relationship of MAM with Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), Huntington's disease (HD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and other neurodegenerative diseases. In this view, elucidating the role of MAM in neurodegenerative diseases is particularly important. This review will focus the main tethering protein complexes of MAM and functions of MAM. Besides, the role of MAM in the regulation of neurodegenerative diseases and the potential molecular mechanisms is introduced to provide a new understanding of the pathogenesis of these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxuan Liu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, NO.77 Puhe road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, 110122, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jinghua Yang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, NO.77 Puhe road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, 110122, People's Republic of China.
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116
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Docampo R, Vercesi AE. Mitochondrial Ca 2+ and Reactive Oxygen Species in Trypanosomatids. Antioxid Redox Signal 2022; 36:969-983. [PMID: 34218689 PMCID: PMC9125514 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2021.0058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Significance: Millions of people are infected with trypanosomatids and new therapeutic approaches are needed. Trypanosomatids possess one mitochondrion per cell and its study has led to discoveries of general biological interest. These mitochondria, as in their animal counterparts, generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) and have evolved enzymatic and nonenzymatic defenses against them. Mitochondrial calcium ion (Ca2+) overload leads to generation of ROS and its study could lead to relevant information on the biology of trypanosomatids and to novel drug targets. Recent Advances: Mitochondrial Ca2+ is normally involved in maintaining the bioenergetics of trypanosomes, but when Ca2+ overload occurs, it is associated with cell death. Trypanosomes lack key players in the mechanism of cell death described in mammalian cells, although mitochondrial Ca2+ overload results in collapse of their membrane potential, production of ROS, and cytochrome c release. They are also very resistant to mitochondrial permeability transition, and cell death after mitochondrial Ca2+ overload depends on generation of ROS. Critical Issues: In this review, we consider the mechanisms of mitochondrial oxidant generation and removal and the involvement of Ca2+ in trypanosome cell death. Future Directions: More studies are required to determine the reactions involved in generation of ROS by the mitochondria of trypanosomatids, their enzymatic and nonenzymatic defenses against ROS, and the occurrence and composition of a mitochondrial permeability transition pore. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 36, 969-983.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Docampo
- Center for Tropical and Emerging Global Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
- Department of Cellular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
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117
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Hunt EG, Andrews AM, Larsen SR, Thaxton JE. The ER-Mitochondria Interface as a Dynamic Hub for T Cell Efficacy in Solid Tumors. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:867341. [PMID: 35573704 PMCID: PMC9091306 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.867341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a large continuous membranous organelle that plays a central role as the hub of protein and lipid synthesis while the mitochondria is the principal location for energy production. T cells are an immune subset exhibiting robust dependence on ER and mitochondrial function based on the need for protein synthesis and secretion and metabolic dexterity associated with foreign antigen recognition and cytotoxic effector response. Intimate connections exist at mitochondrial-ER contact sites (MERCs) that serve as the structural and biochemical platforms for cellular metabolic homeostasis through regulation of fission and fusion as well as glucose, Ca2+, and lipid exchange. Work in the tumor immunotherapy field indicates that the complex interplay of nutrient deprivation and tumor antigen stimulation in the tumor microenvironment places stress on the ER and mitochondria, causing dysfunction in organellar structure and loss of metabolic homeostasis. Here, we assess prior literature that establishes how the structural interface of these two organelles is impacted by the stress of solid tumors along with recent advances in the manipulation of organelle homeostasis at MERCs in T cells. These findings provide strong evidence for increased tumor immunity using unique therapeutic avenues that recharge cellular metabolic homeostasis in T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth G. Hunt
- Immunotherapy Program, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States,Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Alex M. Andrews
- Hollings Cancer Center, Charleston, SC, United States,Department of Orthopedics and Physical Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | | | - Jessica E. Thaxton
- Immunotherapy Program, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States,Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States,*Correspondence: Jessica E. Thaxton,
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Hulsurkar MM, Lahiri SK, Karch J, Wang MC, Wehrens XH. Targeting calcium-mediated inter-organellar crosstalk in cardiac diseases. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2022; 26:303-317. [PMID: 35426759 PMCID: PMC9081256 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2022.2067479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Abnormal calcium signaling between organelles such as the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR), mitochondria and lysosomes is a key feature of heart diseases. Calcium serves as a secondary messenger mediating inter-organellar crosstalk, essential for maintaining the cardiomyocyte function. AREAS COVERED This article examines the available literature related to calcium channels and transporters involved in inter-organellar calcium signaling. The SR calcium-release channels ryanodine receptor type-2 (RyR2) and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor (IP3R), and calcium-transporter SR/ER-ATPase 2a (SERCA2a) are illuminated. The roles of mitochondrial voltage-dependent anion channels (VDAC), the mitochondria Ca2+ uniporter complex (MCUC), and the lysosomal H+/Ca2+ exchanger, two pore channels (TPC), and transient receptor potential mucolipin (TRPML) are discussed. Furthermore, recent studies showing calcium-mediated crosstalk between the SR, mitochondria, and lysosomes as well as how this crosstalk is dysregulated in cardiac diseases are placed under the spotlight. EXPERT OPINION Enhanced SR calcium release via RyR2 and reduced SR reuptake via SERCA2a, increased VDAC and MCUC-mediated calcium uptake into mitochondria, and enhanced lysosomal calcium-release via lysosomal TPC and TRPML may all contribute to aberrant calcium homeostasis causing heart disease. While mechanisms of this crosstalk need to be studied further, interventions targeting these calcium channels or combinations thereof might represent a promising therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohit M. Hulsurkar
- Cardiovascular Research Institute
- Department of Molecular Physiology & Biophysics
| | - Satadru K. Lahiri
- Cardiovascular Research Institute
- Department of Molecular Physiology & Biophysics
| | - Jason Karch
- Cardiovascular Research Institute
- Department of Molecular Physiology & Biophysics
| | - Meng C. Wang
- Cardiovascular Research Institute
- Huffington Center on Aging
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute
| | - Xander H.T. Wehrens
- Cardiovascular Research Institute
- Department of Molecular Physiology & Biophysics
- Dept. of Medicine (Cardiology)
- Dept. of Neuroscience
- Dept. of Pediatrics (Cardiology)
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119
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Saini N, Lakshminarayanan S, Kundu P, Sarin A. Notch1 Modulation of Cellular Calcium Regulates Mitochondrial Metabolism and Anti-Apoptotic Activity in T-Regulatory Cells. Front Immunol 2022; 13:832159. [PMID: 35222416 PMCID: PMC8866856 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.832159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
As the major hub of metabolic activity and an organelle sequestering pro-apoptogenic intermediates, mitochondria lie at the crossroads of cellular decisions of death and survival. Intracellular calcium is a key regulator of these outcomes with rapid, uncontrolled uptake into mitochondria, activating pro-apoptotic cascades that trigger cell death. Here, we show that calcium uptake and mitochondrial metabolism in murine T-regulatory cells (Tregs) is tuned by Notch1 activity. Based on analysis of Tregs and the HEK cell line, we present evidence that modulation of cellular calcium dynamics underpins Notch1 regulation of mitochondrial homeostasis and consequently anti-apoptotic activity. Targeted siRNA-mediated ablations reveal dependency on molecules controlling calcium release from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and the chaperone, glucose-regulated protein 75 (Grp75), the associated protein Voltage Dependent Anion Channel (VDAC)1 and the Mitochondrial Calcium Uniporter (MCU), which together facilitate ER calcium transfer and uptake into the mitochondria. Endogenous Notch1 is detected in immune-complexes with Grp75 and VDAC1. Deficits in mitochondrial oxidative and survival in Notch1 deficient Tregs, were corrected by the expression of recombinant Notch1 intracellular domain, and in part by recombinant Grp75. Thus, the modulation of calcium dynamics and consequently mitochondrial metabolism underlies Treg survival in conditions of nutrient stress. This work positions a key role for Notch1 activity in these outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neetu Saini
- Regulation of Cell Fate, Institute for Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine (inStem), Bengaluru, India.,Department of Biology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Sowmya Lakshminarayanan
- National Centre for Biological Science, TATA Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR), Bengaluru, India
| | - Priyanka Kundu
- National Centre for Biological Science, TATA Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR), Bengaluru, India
| | - Apurva Sarin
- Regulation of Cell Fate, Institute for Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine (inStem), Bengaluru, India
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120
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Qian L, Mehrabi Nasab E, Athari SM, Athari SS. Mitochondria signaling pathways in allergic asthma. J Investig Med 2022; 70:863-882. [PMID: 35168999 PMCID: PMC9016245 DOI: 10.1136/jim-2021-002098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria, as the powerhouse organelle of cells, are greatly involved in regulating cell signaling pathways, including those related to the innate and acquired immune systems, cellular differentiation, growth, death, apoptosis, and autophagy as well as hypoxic stress responses in various diseases. Asthma is a chronic complicated airway disease characterized by airway hyperresponsiveness, eosinophilic inflammation, mucus hypersecretion, and remodeling of airway. The asthma mortality and morbidity rates have increased worldwide, so understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying asthma progression is necessary for new anti-asthma drug development. The lung is an oxygen-rich organ, and mitochondria, by sensing and processing O2, contribute to the generation of ROS and activation of pro-inflammatory signaling pathways. Asthma pathophysiology has been tightly associated with mitochondrial dysfunction leading to reduced ATP synthase activity, increased oxidative stress, apoptosis induction, and abnormal calcium homeostasis. Defects of the mitochondrial play an essential role in the pro-remodeling mechanisms of lung fibrosis and airway cells' apoptosis. Identification of mitochondrial therapeutic targets can help repair mitochondrial biogenesis and dysfunction and reverse related pathological changes and lung structural remodeling in asthma. Therefore, we here overviewed the relationship between mitochondrial signaling pathways and asthma pathogenic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Qian
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Entezar Mehrabi Nasab
- Department of Cardiology, Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (the Islamic Republic of)
| | | | - Seyyed Shamsadin Athari
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran (the Islamic Republic of)
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121
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Garbincius JF, Elrod JW. Mitochondrial calcium exchange in physiology and disease. Physiol Rev 2022; 102:893-992. [PMID: 34698550 PMCID: PMC8816638 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00041.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 68.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The uptake of calcium into and extrusion of calcium from the mitochondrial matrix is a fundamental biological process that has critical effects on cellular metabolism, signaling, and survival. Disruption of mitochondrial calcium (mCa2+) cycling is implicated in numerous acquired diseases such as heart failure, stroke, neurodegeneration, diabetes, and cancer and is genetically linked to several inherited neuromuscular disorders. Understanding the mechanisms responsible for mCa2+ exchange therefore holds great promise for the treatment of these diseases. The past decade has seen the genetic identification of many of the key proteins that mediate mitochondrial calcium uptake and efflux. Here, we present an overview of the phenomenon of mCa2+ transport and a comprehensive examination of the molecular machinery that mediates calcium flux across the inner mitochondrial membrane: the mitochondrial uniporter complex (consisting of MCU, EMRE, MICU1, MICU2, MICU3, MCUB, and MCUR1), NCLX, LETM1, the mitochondrial ryanodine receptor, and the mitochondrial permeability transition pore. We then consider the physiological implications of mCa2+ flux and evaluate how alterations in mCa2+ homeostasis contribute to human disease. This review concludes by highlighting opportunities and challenges for therapeutic intervention in pathologies characterized by aberrant mCa2+ handling and by summarizing critical unanswered questions regarding the biology of mCa2+ flux.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanne F Garbincius
- Center for Translational Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - John W Elrod
- Center for Translational Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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122
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Subramanian GN, Yeo AJ, Gatei MH, Coman DJ, Lavin MF. Metabolic Stress and Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Ataxia-Telangiectasia. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:653. [PMID: 35453338 PMCID: PMC9032508 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11040653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM) protein kinase is, as the name implies, mutated in the human genetic disorder ataxia-telangiectasia (A-T). This protein has its "finger in many pies", being responsible for the phosphorylation of many thousands of proteins in different signaling pathways in its role in protecting the cell against a variety of different forms of stress that threaten to perturb cellular homeostasis. The classical role of ATM is the protection against DNA damage, but it is evident that it also plays a key role in maintaining cell homeostasis in the face of oxidative and other forms of non-DNA damaging stress. The presence of ATM is not only in the nucleus to cope with damage to DNA, but also in association with other organelles in the cytoplasm, which suggests a greater protective role. This review attempts to address this greater role of ATM in protecting the cell against both external and endogenous damage.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Abrey Jie Yeo
- University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4029, Australia
| | - Magtouf Hnaidi Gatei
- University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4029, Australia
| | - David John Coman
- Queensland Children's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD 4101, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia
| | - Martin Francis Lavin
- University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4029, Australia
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123
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Mitochondrial Ca 2+ Homeostasis: Emerging Roles and Clinical Significance in Cardiac Remodeling. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23063025. [PMID: 35328444 PMCID: PMC8954803 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23063025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are the sites of oxidative metabolism in eukaryotes where the metabolites of sugars, fats, and amino acids are oxidized to harvest energy. Notably, mitochondria store Ca2+ and work in synergy with organelles such as the endoplasmic reticulum and extracellular matrix to control the dynamic balance of Ca2+ concentration in cells. Mitochondria are the vital organelles in heart tissue. Mitochondrial Ca2+ homeostasis is particularly important for maintaining the physiological and pathological mechanisms of the heart. Mitochondrial Ca2+ homeostasis plays a key role in the regulation of cardiac energy metabolism, mechanisms of death, oxygen free radical production, and autophagy. The imbalance of mitochondrial Ca2+ balance is closely associated with cardiac remodeling. The mitochondrial Ca2+ uniporter (mtCU) protein complex is responsible for the uptake and release of mitochondrial Ca2+ and regulation of Ca2+ homeostasis in mitochondria and consequently, in cells. This review summarizes the mechanisms of mitochondrial Ca2+ homeostasis in physiological and pathological cardiac remodeling and the regulatory effects of the mitochondrial calcium regulatory complex on cardiac energy metabolism, cell death, and autophagy, and also provides the theoretical basis for mitochondrial Ca2+ as a novel target for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases.
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124
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Reith P, Braam S, Welkenhuysen N, Lecinski S, Shepherd J, MacDonald C, Leake MC, Hohmann S, Shashkova S, Cvijovic M. The Effect of Lithium on the Budding Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae upon Stress Adaptation. Microorganisms 2022; 10:590. [PMID: 35336166 PMCID: PMC8953283 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10030590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Lithium salts are used in the treatment of mood disorders, cancer, and Alzheimer's disease. It has been shown to prolong life span in several phyla; however, not yet in budding yeast. In our study, we investigate the influence of lithium on yeast cells' viability by characterizing protein aggregate formation, cell volume, and molecular crowding in the context of stress adaptation. While our data suggest a concentration-dependent growth inhibition caused by LiCl, we show an extended long-term survival rate as an effect of lithium addition upon glucose deprivation. We show that caloric restriction mitigates the negative impact of LiCl on cellular survival. Therefore, we suggest that lithium could affect glucose metabolism upon caloric restriction, which could explain the extended long-term survival observed in our study. We find furthermore that lithium chloride did not affect an immediate salt-induced Hsp104-dependent aggregate formation but cellular adaptation to H2O2 and acute glucose starvation. We presume that different salt types and concentrations interfere with effective Hsp104 recruitment or its ATP-dependent disaggregase activity as a response to salt stress. This work provides novel details of Li+ effect on live eukaryotic cells which may also be applicable in further research on the treatment of cancer, Alzheimer's, or other age-related diseases in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Reith
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, University of Gothenburg, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden; (P.R.); (S.B.); (N.W.)
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden;
| | - Svenja Braam
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, University of Gothenburg, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden; (P.R.); (S.B.); (N.W.)
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Niek Welkenhuysen
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, University of Gothenburg, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden; (P.R.); (S.B.); (N.W.)
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Sarah Lecinski
- Department of Physics, University of York, York YO10 5DD, UK; (S.L.); (J.S.); (M.C.L.)
| | - Jack Shepherd
- Department of Physics, University of York, York YO10 5DD, UK; (S.L.); (J.S.); (M.C.L.)
- Department of Biology, University of York, York YO10 5DD, UK;
| | - Chris MacDonald
- Department of Biology, University of York, York YO10 5DD, UK;
| | - Mark C. Leake
- Department of Physics, University of York, York YO10 5DD, UK; (S.L.); (J.S.); (M.C.L.)
- Department of Biology, University of York, York YO10 5DD, UK;
| | - Stefan Hohmann
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden;
| | - Sviatlana Shashkova
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, University of Gothenburg, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden; (P.R.); (S.B.); (N.W.)
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Marija Cvijovic
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, University of Gothenburg, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden; (P.R.); (S.B.); (N.W.)
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
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125
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WEI HF, ANCHIPOLOVSKY S, VERA R, LIANG G, CHUANG DM. Potential mechanisms underlying lithium treatment for Alzheimer's disease and COVID-19. EUROPEAN REVIEW FOR MEDICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL SCIENCES 2022; 26:2201-2214. [PMID: 35363371 PMCID: PMC9173589 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202203_28369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Disruption of intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis plays an important role as an upstream pathology in Alzheimer's disease (AD), and correction of Ca2+ dysregulation has been increasingly proposed as a target of future effective disease-modified drugs for treating AD. Calcium dysregulation is also an upstream pathology for the COVID-19 virus SARS-CoV-2 infection and replication, leading to host cell damage. Clinically available drugs that can inhibit the disturbed intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis have been repurposed to treat COVID-19 patients. This narrative review aims at exploring the underlying mechanism by which lithium, a first line drug for the treatment of bipolar disorder, inhibits Ca2+ dysregulation and associated downstream pathology in both AD and COVID-19. It is suggested that lithium can be repurposed to treat AD patients, especially those afflicted with COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- H.-F. WEI
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - S. ANCHIPOLOVSKY
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - R. VERA
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - G. LIANG
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - D.-M. CHUANG
- Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Mental Health, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
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126
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Li J, Inoue R, Togashi Y, Okuyama T, Satoh A, Kyohara M, Nishiyama K, Tsuno T, Miyashita D, Kin T, Shapiro AMJ, Chew RSE, Teo AKK, Oyadomari S, Terauchi Y, Shirakawa J. Imeglimin Ameliorates β-Cell Apoptosis by Modulating the Endoplasmic Reticulum Homeostasis Pathway. Diabetes 2022; 71:424-439. [PMID: 34588186 DOI: 10.2337/db21-0123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The effects of imeglimin, a novel antidiabetes agent, on β-cell function remain unclear. Here, we unveiled the impact of imeglimin on β-cell survival. Treatment with imeglimin augmented mitochondrial function, enhanced insulin secretion, promoted β-cell proliferation, and improved β-cell survival in mouse islets. Imeglimin upregulated the expression of endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-related molecules, including Chop (Ddit3), Gadd34 (Ppp1r15a), Atf3, and Sdf2l1, and decreased eIF2α phosphorylation after treatment with thapsigargin and restored global protein synthesis in β-cells under ER stress. Imeglimin failed to protect against ER stress-induced β-cell apoptosis in CHOP-deficient islets or in the presence of GADD34 inhibitor. Treatment with imeglimin showed a significant decrease in the number of apoptotic β-cells and increased β-cell mass in Akita mice. Imeglimin also protected against β-cell apoptosis in both human islets and human pluripotent stem cell-derived β-like cells. Taken together, imeglimin modulates the ER homeostasis pathway, which results in the prevention of β-cell apoptosis both in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinghe Li
- Laboratory of Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Ryota Inoue
- Laboratory of Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yu Togashi
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Tomoko Okuyama
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Aoi Satoh
- Laboratory of Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Mayu Kyohara
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Kuniyuki Nishiyama
- Laboratory of Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Takahiro Tsuno
- Laboratory of Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Daisuke Miyashita
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Kin
- Clinical Islet Laboratory and Clinical Islet Transplant Program, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - A M James Shapiro
- Clinical Islet Laboratory and Clinical Islet Transplant Program, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Resilind Su Ern Chew
- Stem Cells and Diabetes Laboratory, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR, Proteos, Singapore
| | - Adrian Kee Keong Teo
- Stem Cells and Diabetes Laboratory, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR, Proteos, Singapore
- Departments of Biochemistry and Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Seiichi Oyadomari
- Division of Molecular Biology, Institute of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tokushima University, Kuramoto, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Yasuo Terauchi
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Jun Shirakawa
- Laboratory of Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
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127
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TRPC3 shapes the ER-mitochondria Ca 2+ transfer characterizing tumour-promoting senescence. Nat Commun 2022; 13:956. [PMID: 35177596 PMCID: PMC8854551 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-28597-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular senescence is implicated in a great number of diseases including cancer. Although alterations in mitochondrial metabolism were reported as senescence drivers, the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. We report the mechanism altering mitochondrial function and OXPHOS in stress-induced senescent fibroblasts. We demonstrate that TRPC3 protein, acting as a controller of mitochondrial Ca2+ load via negative regulation of IP3 receptor-mediated Ca2+ release, is down regulated in senescence regardless of the type of senescence inducer. This remodelling promotes cytosolic/mitochondrial Ca2+ oscillations and elevates mitochondrial Ca2+ load, mitochondrial oxygen consumption rate and oxidative phosphorylation. Re-expression of TRPC3 in senescent cells diminishes mitochondrial Ca2+ load and promotes escape from OIS-induced senescence. Cellular senescence evoked by TRPC3 downregulation in stromal cells displays a proinflammatory and tumour-promoting secretome that encourages cancer epithelial cell proliferation and tumour growth in vivo. Altogether, our results unravel the mechanism contributing to pro-tumour behaviour of senescent cells. Mitochondrial Ca2+ homeostasis is reported to influence cellular senescence. Here the authors show that TRPC3 limits senescence by inhibiting IP3R-mediated Ca2+ release and ER mitochondria Ca2+ transfer and that the downregulation of TRPC3 in stromal cells affects SASP production and tumour progression.
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128
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Yang J, Sun M, Cheng R, Tan H, Liu C, Chen R, Zhang J, Yang Y, Gao X, Huang L. Pitavastatin activates mitophagy to protect EPC proliferation through a calcium-dependent CAMK1-PINK1 pathway in atherosclerotic mice. Commun Biol 2022; 5:124. [PMID: 35145192 PMCID: PMC8831604 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03081-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Statins play a major role in reducing circulating cholesterol levels and are widely used to prevent coronary artery disease. Although they are recently confirmed to up-regulate mitophagy, little is known about the molecular mechanisms and its effect on endothelial progenitor cell (EPC). Here, we explore the role and mechanism underlying statin (pitavastatin, PTV)-activated mitophagy in EPC proliferation. ApoE−/− mice are fed a high-fat diet for 8 weeks to induce atherosclerosis. In these mice, EPC proliferation decreases and is accompanied by mitochondrial dysfunction and mitophagy impairment via the PINK1-PARK2 pathway. PTV reverses mitophagy and reduction in proliferation. Pink1 knockout or silencing Atg7 blocks PTV-induced proliferation improvement, suggesting that mitophagy contributes to the EPC proliferation increase. PTV elicits mitochondrial calcium release into the cytoplasm and further phosphorylates CAMK1. Phosphorylated CAMK1 contributes to PINK1 phosphorylation as well as mitophagy and mitochondrial function recover in EPCs. Together, our findings describe a molecular mechanism of mitophagy activation, where mitochondrial calcium release promotes CAMK1 phosphorylation of threonine177 before phosphorylation of PINK1 at serine228, which recruits PARK2 and phosphorylates its serine65 to activate mitophagy. Our results further account for the pleiotropic effects of statins on the cardiovascular system and provide a promising and potential therapeutic target for atherosclerosis. Endothelial progenitor cell (EPCs) proliferation decreased, accompanied by mitochondrial dysfunction and mitophagy impairment via the PINK1-PARK2 pathway in atherosclerosis. Statins induce mitophagy to protect EPCs by mitochondrial calcium release and CAMK1-mediated PINK1 phosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases of PLA, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China.,Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Mengjia Sun
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases of PLA, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China.,Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Ran Cheng
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases of PLA, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China.,Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Hu Tan
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases of PLA, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China.,Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Chuan Liu
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases of PLA, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China.,Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Renzheng Chen
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases of PLA, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China.,Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Jihang Zhang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases of PLA, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China.,Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Yuanqi Yang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases of PLA, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China.,Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Xubin Gao
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases of PLA, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China.,Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Lan Huang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases of PLA, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China. .,Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China.
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Crouzier L, Danese A, Yasui Y, Richard EM, Liévens JC, Patergnani S, Couly S, Diez C, Denus M, Cubedo N, Rossel M, Thiry M, Su TP, Pinton P, Maurice T, Delprat B. Activation of the sigma-1 receptor chaperone alleviates symptoms of Wolfram syndrome in preclinical models. Sci Transl Med 2022; 14:eabh3763. [PMID: 35138910 PMCID: PMC9516885 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abh3763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The Wolfram syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive disease affecting many organs with life-threatening consequences; currently, no treatment is available. The disease is caused by mutations in the WSF1 gene, coding for the protein wolframin, an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) transmembrane protein involved in contacts between ER and mitochondria termed as mitochondria-associated ER membranes (MAMs). Inherited mutations usually reduce the protein's stability, altering its homeostasis and ultimately reducing ER to mitochondria calcium ion transfer, leading to mitochondrial dysfunction and cell death. In this study, we found that activation of the sigma-1 receptor (S1R), an ER-resident protein involved in calcium ion transfer, could counteract the functional alterations of MAMs due to wolframin deficiency. The S1R agonist PRE-084 restored calcium ion transfer and mitochondrial respiration in vitro, corrected the associated increased autophagy and mitophagy, and was able to alleviate the behavioral symptoms observed in zebrafish and mouse models of the disease. Our findings provide a potential therapeutic strategy for treating Wolfram syndrome by efficiently boosting MAM function using the ligand-operated S1R chaperone. Moreover, such strategy might also be relevant for other degenerative and mitochondrial diseases involving MAM dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucie Crouzier
- MMDN, Univ Montpellier, EPHE, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Alberto Danese
- Department of Medical Sciences, Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Yuko Yasui
- Cellular Pathobiology Section, Integrative Neuroscience Research Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, NIH, 333 Cassell Drive, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | | | | | - Simone Patergnani
- Department of Medical Sciences, Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Simon Couly
- MMDN, Univ Montpellier, EPHE, INSERM, Montpellier, France
- Cellular Pathobiology Section, Integrative Neuroscience Research Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, NIH, 333 Cassell Drive, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Camille Diez
- MMDN, Univ Montpellier, EPHE, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Morgane Denus
- MMDN, Univ Montpellier, EPHE, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Nicolas Cubedo
- MMDN, Univ Montpellier, EPHE, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Marc Thiry
- Laboratoire de Biologie Cellulaire, Université de Liège, GIGA-Neurosciences, Quartier Hopital, Avenue Hippocrate 15, 4000 Liege 1, Belgium
| | - Tsung-Ping Su
- Cellular Pathobiology Section, Integrative Neuroscience Research Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, NIH, 333 Cassell Drive, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Paolo Pinton
- Department of Medical Sciences, Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Tangui Maurice
- MMDN, Univ Montpellier, EPHE, INSERM, Montpellier, France
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130
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Mitochondria-Endoplasmic Reticulum Interplay Regulates Exo-Cytosis in Human Neuroblastoma Cells. Cells 2022; 11:cells11030514. [PMID: 35159324 PMCID: PMC8834387 DOI: 10.3390/cells11030514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria–endoplasmic reticulum (ER) contact sites (MERCS) have been emerging as a multifaceted subcellular region of the cell which affects several physiological and pathological mechanisms. A thus far underexplored aspect of MERCS is their contribution to exocytosis. Here, we set out to understand the role of these contacts in exocytosis and find potential mechanisms linking these structures to vesicle release in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. We show that increased mitochondria to ER juxtaposition through Mitofusin 2 (Mfn2) knock-down resulted in a substantial upregulation of the number of MERCS, confirming the role of Mfn2 as a negative regulator of these structures. Furthermore, we report that both vesicle numbers and vesicle protein levels were decreased, while a considerable upregulation in exocytotic events upon cellular depolarization was detected. Interestingly, in Mfn2 knock-down cells, the inhibition of the inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor (IP3R) and the mitochondrial calcium (Ca2+) uniporter (MCU) restored vesicle protein content and attenuated exocytosis. We thus suggest that MERCS could be targeted to prevent increased exocytosis in conditions in which ER to mitochondria proximity is upregulated.
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131
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Zhu B, Zhong W, Cao X, Pan G, Xu M, Zheng J, Chen H, Feng X, Luo C, Lu C, Xiao J, Lin W, Lai C, Li M, Du X, Yi Q, Yan D. Loss of miR-31-5p drives hematopoietic stem cell malignant transformation and restoration eliminates leukemia stem cells in mice. Sci Transl Med 2022; 14:eabh2548. [PMID: 35080912 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abh2548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Leukemia stem cells (LSCs) propagate leukemia and are responsible for the high frequency of relapse of treated patients. The ability to target LSCs remains elusive, indicating a need to understand the underlying mechanism of LSC formation. Here, we report that miR-31-5p is reduced or undetectable in human LSCs compared to hematopoietic stem progenitor cells (HSPCs). Inhibition of miR-31-5p in HSPCs promotes the expression of its target gene FIH, encoding FIH [factor inhibiting hypoxia-inducing factor 1α (HIF-1α)], to suppress HIF-1α signaling. Increased FIH resulted in a switch from glycolysis to oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) as the predominant mode of energy metabolism and increased the abundance of the oncometabolite fumarate. Increased fumarate promoted the conversion of HSPCs to LSCs and initiated myeloid leukemia-like disease in NOD-Prkdcscid IL2rgtm1/Bcgen (B-NDG) mice. We further demonstrated that miR-31-5p inhibited long- and short-term hematopoietic stem cells with a high frequency of LSCs. In combination with the chemotherapeutic agent Ara-C (cytosine arabinoside), restoration of miR-31-5p using G7 poly (amidoamine) nanosized dendriplex encapsulating miR-31-5p eliminated LSCs and inhibited acute myeloid leukemia (AML) progression in patient-derived xenograft mouse models. These results demonstrated a mechanism of HSC malignant transformation through altered energy metabolism and provided a potential therapeutic strategy to treat patients with AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biying Zhu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Wenbin Zhong
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xiuye Cao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Guoping Pan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Mengyang Xu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Jie Zheng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Huanzhao Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xiaoqin Feng
- Hematology and Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Chengwei Luo
- Department of Hematology, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Chen Lu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Jie Xiao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Weize Lin
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Chaofeng Lai
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Mingchuan Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xin Du
- Department of Hematology, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Qing Yi
- Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Daoguang Yan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
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132
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Zhang P, Konja D, Zhang Y, Xu A, Lee IK, Jeon JH, Bashiri G, Mitra A, Wang Y. Clusterin is involved in mediating the metabolic function of adipose SIRT1. iScience 2022; 25:103709. [PMID: 35072003 PMCID: PMC8762396 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.103709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
SIRT1 is a metabolic sensor regulating energy homeostasis. The present study revealed that mice with selective overexpression of human SIRT1 in adipose tissue (Adipo-SIRT1) were protected from high-fat diet (HFD)-induced metabolic abnormalities. Adipose SIRT1 was enriched at mitochondria-ER contacts (MERCs) to trigger mitohormesis and unfolded protein response (UPRmt), in turn preventing ER stress. As a downstream target of UPRmt, clusterin was significantly upregulated and acted together with SIRT1 to regulate the protein and lipid compositions at MERCs of adipose tissue. In mice lacking clusterin, HFD-induced metabolic abnormalities were significantly enhanced and could not be prevented by overexpression of SIRT1 in adipose tissue. Treatment with ER stress inhibitors restored adipose SIRT1-mediated beneficial effects on systemic energy metabolism. In summary, adipose SIRT1 facilitated the dynamic interactions and communications between mitochondria and ER, via MERCs, in turn triggering a mild mitochondrial stress to instigate the defense responses against dietary obesity-induced metabolic dysfunctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengcheng Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Daniels Konja
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yiwei Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Aimin Xu
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - In-Kyu Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu41944, South Korea
- Research Institute of Aging and Metabolism, Kyungpook National University, Daegu41404, South Korea
| | - Jae-Han Jeon
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu41944, South Korea
- Research Institute of Aging and Metabolism, Kyungpook National University, Daegu41404, South Korea
| | - Ghader Bashiri
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Alok Mitra
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Yu Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
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133
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Rodríguez LR, Lapeña-Luzón T, Benetó N, Beltran-Beltran V, Pallardó FV, Gonzalez-Cabo P, Navarro JA. Therapeutic Strategies Targeting Mitochondrial Calcium Signaling: A New Hope for Neurological Diseases? Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11010165. [PMID: 35052668 PMCID: PMC8773297 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11010165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcium (Ca2+) is a versatile secondary messenger involved in the regulation of a plethora of different signaling pathways for cell maintenance. Specifically, intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis is mainly regulated by the endoplasmic reticulum and the mitochondria, whose Ca2+ exchange is mediated by appositions, termed endoplasmic reticulum-mitochondria-associated membranes (MAMs), formed by proteins resident in both compartments. These tethers are essential to manage the mitochondrial Ca2+ influx that regulates the mitochondrial function of bioenergetics, mitochondrial dynamics, cell death, and oxidative stress. However, alterations of these pathways lead to the development of multiple human diseases, including neurological disorders, such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Friedreich's ataxia, and Charcot-Marie-Tooth. A common hallmark in these disorders is mitochondrial dysfunction, associated with abnormal mitochondrial Ca2+ handling that contributes to neurodegeneration. In this work, we highlight the importance of Ca2+ signaling in mitochondria and how the mechanism of communication in MAMs is pivotal for mitochondrial maintenance and cell homeostasis. Lately, we outstand potential targets located in MAMs by addressing different therapeutic strategies focused on restoring mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake as an emergent approach for neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura R. Rodríguez
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Universitat de València-INCLIVA, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (T.L.-L.); (N.B.); (V.B.-B.); (F.V.P.)
- Associated Unit for Rare Diseases INCLIVA-CIPF, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Correspondence: (L.R.R.); (P.G.-C.); (J.A.N.)
| | - Tamara Lapeña-Luzón
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Universitat de València-INCLIVA, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (T.L.-L.); (N.B.); (V.B.-B.); (F.V.P.)
- Associated Unit for Rare Diseases INCLIVA-CIPF, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Noelia Benetó
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Universitat de València-INCLIVA, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (T.L.-L.); (N.B.); (V.B.-B.); (F.V.P.)
- Associated Unit for Rare Diseases INCLIVA-CIPF, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Vicent Beltran-Beltran
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Universitat de València-INCLIVA, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (T.L.-L.); (N.B.); (V.B.-B.); (F.V.P.)
| | - Federico V. Pallardó
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Universitat de València-INCLIVA, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (T.L.-L.); (N.B.); (V.B.-B.); (F.V.P.)
- Associated Unit for Rare Diseases INCLIVA-CIPF, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Pilar Gonzalez-Cabo
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Universitat de València-INCLIVA, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (T.L.-L.); (N.B.); (V.B.-B.); (F.V.P.)
- Associated Unit for Rare Diseases INCLIVA-CIPF, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Correspondence: (L.R.R.); (P.G.-C.); (J.A.N.)
| | - Juan Antonio Navarro
- Department of Genetics, Universitat de València-INCLIVA, 46100 Valencia, Spain
- INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Correspondence: (L.R.R.); (P.G.-C.); (J.A.N.)
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134
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Bancroft EA, Srinivasan R. Emerging Roles for Aberrant Astrocytic Calcium Signals in Parkinson's Disease. Front Physiol 2022; 12:812212. [PMID: 35087422 PMCID: PMC8787054 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.812212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Astrocytes display a plethora of spontaneous Ca2+ signals that modulate vital functions of the central nervous system (CNS). This suggests that astrocytic Ca2+ signals also contribute to pathological processes in the CNS. In this context, the molecular mechanisms by which aberrant astrocytic Ca2+ signals trigger dopaminergic neuron loss during Parkinson's disease (PD) are only beginning to emerge. Here, we provide an evidence-based perspective on potential mechanisms by which aberrant astrocytic Ca2+ signals can trigger dysfunction in three distinct compartments of the brain, viz., neurons, microglia, and the blood brain barrier, thereby leading to PD. We envision that the coming decades will unravel novel mechanisms by which aberrant astrocytic Ca2+ signals contribute to PD and other neurodegenerative processes in the CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric A. Bancroft
- Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, Texas A&M University College of Medicine, Bryan, TX, United States
| | - Rahul Srinivasan
- Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, Texas A&M University College of Medicine, Bryan, TX, United States
- Texas A&M Institute for Neuroscience (TAMIN), College Station, TX, United States
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135
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Yanda MK, Tomar V, Cole R, Guggino WB, Cebotaru L. The Mitochondrial Ca 2+ import complex is altered in ADPKD. Cell Calcium 2022; 101:102501. [PMID: 34823104 PMCID: PMC8840832 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2021.102501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Mutations in either of the polycystic kidney disease genes, PKD1 or PKD2, engender the growth of cysts, altering renal function. Cystic growth is supported by major changes in cellular metabolism, some of which involve the mitochondrion, a major storage site for Ca2+ and a key organelle in cellular Ca2+ signaling. The goal here was to understand the role of components of the mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake complex in PC1-mutant cells in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). We found that the mitochondrial Ca2+ uniporter (MCU) and voltage-dependent anion channels 1& 3 (VDAC) were down-regulated in different mouse and cell models of ADPKD along with the Ca2+-dependent enzyme, pyruvate dehydrogenase phosphatase (PDHX). The release of Ca2+ from the endoplasmic reticulum, and Ca2+ uptake by the mitochondria were upregulated in PC1(polycystin)-null cells. We also observed an enhanced staining with MitoTracker Red CMXRos in PC1-null cultured cells than in PC1-containing cells and a substantially higher increase in response to ER Ca2+ release. Increased colocalization of the Ca2+ sensitive dye, rhodamine2, with MitoTracker Green suggested an increase Ca2+ entry into the mitochondria in PC1 null cells subsequent to Ca2+ release from the ER or from Ca2+ entry from the extracellular solution. These data clearly demonstrate abnormal release of Ca2+ by the ER and corresponding alterations in Ca2+ uptake by the mitochondria in PC1-null cells. Importantly, inhibiting mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake with the specific inhibitor Ru360 inhibited cyst growth and altered both apoptosis and cell proliferation. We further show that the decrease in mitochondrial proteins and abnormally high Ca2+ signaling can be reversed by application of the cystic fibrosis (CFTR) corrector, VX-809. We conclude that enhanced Ca2+ signaling and alterations in proteins association with the mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake complex are associated with malfunction of PC1. Finally, our results identify novel therapeutic targets for treating ADPKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murali K Yanda
- The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Vartika Tomar
- The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Robert Cole
- The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - William B Guggino
- The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Liudmila Cebotaru
- The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America.
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136
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Guan PP, Cao LL, Yang Y, Wang P. Calcium Ions Aggravate Alzheimer's Disease Through the Aberrant Activation of Neuronal Networks, Leading to Synaptic and Cognitive Deficits. Front Mol Neurosci 2021; 14:757515. [PMID: 34924952 PMCID: PMC8674839 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2021.757515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease that is characterized by the production and deposition of β-amyloid protein (Aβ) and hyperphosphorylated tau, leading to the formation of β-amyloid plaques (APs) and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs). Although calcium ions (Ca2+) promote the formation of APs and NFTs, no systematic review of the mechanisms by which Ca2+ affects the development and progression of AD has been published. Therefore, the current review aimed to fill the gaps between elevated Ca2+ levels and the pathogenesis of AD. Specifically, we mainly focus on the molecular mechanisms by which Ca2+ affects the neuronal networks of neuroinflammation, neuronal injury, neurogenesis, neurotoxicity, neuroprotection, and autophagy. Furthermore, the roles of Ca2+ transporters located in the cell membrane, endoplasmic reticulum (ER), mitochondria and lysosome in mediating the effects of Ca2+ on activating neuronal networks that ultimately contribute to the development and progression of AD are discussed. Finally, the drug candidates derived from herbs used as food or seasoning in Chinese daily life are summarized to provide a theoretical basis for improving the clinical treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Pei Guan
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Long-Long Cao
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yi Yang
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Pu Wang
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
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137
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Ion Channels and Pumps in Autophagy: A Reciprocal Relationship. Cells 2021; 10:cells10123537. [PMID: 34944044 PMCID: PMC8700256 DOI: 10.3390/cells10123537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy, the process of cellular self-degradation, is intrinsically tied to the degradative function of the lysosome. Several diseases have been linked to lysosomal degradative defects, including rare lysosomal storage disorders and neurodegenerative diseases. Ion channels and pumps play a major regulatory role in autophagy. Importantly, calcium signaling produced by TRPML1 (transient receptor potential cation channel, mucolipin subfamily) has been shown to regulate autophagic progression through biogenesis of autophagic-lysosomal organelles, activation of mTORC1 (mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1) and degradation of autophagic cargo. ER calcium channels such as IP3Rs supply calcium for the lysosome, and lysosomal function is severely disrupted in the absence of lysosomal calcium replenishment by the ER. TRPML1 function is also regulated by LC3 (microtubule-associated protein light chain 3) and mTORC1, two critical components of the autophagic network. Here we provide an overview of the current knowledge about ion channels and pumps-including lysosomal V-ATPase (vacuolar proton-ATPase), which is required for acidification and hence proper enzymatic activity of lysosomal hydrolases-in the regulation of autophagy, and discuss how functional impairment of some of these leads to diseases.
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138
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Wang Y, Zhang X, Wen Y, Li S, Lu X, Xu R, Li C. Endoplasmic Reticulum-Mitochondria Contacts: A Potential Therapy Target for Cardiovascular Remodeling-Associated Diseases. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:774989. [PMID: 34858991 PMCID: PMC8631538 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.774989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular remodeling occurs in cardiomyocytes, collagen meshes, and vascular beds in the progress of cardiac insufficiency caused by a variety of cardiac diseases such as chronic ischemic heart disease, chronic overload heart disease, myocarditis, and myocardial infarction. The morphological changes that occur as a result of remodeling are the critical pathological basis for the occurrence and development of serious diseases and also determine morbidity and mortality. Therefore, the inhibition of remodeling is an important approach to prevent and treat heart failure and other related diseases. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria are tightly linked by ER-mitochondria contacts (ERMCs). ERMCs play a vital role in different signaling pathways and provide a satisfactory structural platform for the ER and mitochondria to interact and maintain the normal function of cells, mainly by involving various cellular life processes such as lipid metabolism, calcium homeostasis, mitochondrial function, ER stress, and autophagy. Studies have shown that abnormal ERMCs may promote the occurrence and development of remodeling and participate in the formation of a variety of cardiovascular remodeling-associated diseases. This review focuses on the structure and function of the ERMCs, and the potential mechanism of ERMCs involved in cardiovascular remodeling, indicating that ERMCs may be a potential target for new therapeutic strategies against cardiovascular remodeling-induced diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China.,Emergency Department, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Xinrong Zhang
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Ya Wen
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Sixuan Li
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaohui Lu
- Emergency Department, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Ran Xu
- Jinan Tianqiao People's Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Chao Li
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
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139
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Fu Y, Brown KM, Jones NG, Moreno SNJ, Sibley LD. Toxoplasma bradyzoites exhibit physiological plasticity of calcium and energy stores controlling motility and egress. eLife 2021; 10:e73011. [PMID: 34860156 PMCID: PMC8683080 DOI: 10.7554/elife.73011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Toxoplasma gondii has evolved different developmental stages for disseminating during acute infection (i.e., tachyzoites) and establishing chronic infection (i.e., bradyzoites). Calcium ion (Ca2+) signaling tightly regulates the lytic cycle of tachyzoites by controlling microneme secretion and motility to drive egress and cell invasion. However, the roles of Ca2+ signaling pathways in bradyzoites remain largely unexplored. Here, we show that Ca2+ responses are highly restricted in bradyzoites and that they fail to egress in response to agonists. Development of dual-reporter parasites revealed dampened Ca2+ responses and minimal microneme secretion by bradyzoites induced in vitro or harvested from infected mice and tested ex vivo. Ratiometric Ca2+ imaging demonstrated lower Ca2+ basal levels, reduced magnitude, and slower Ca2+ kinetics in bradyzoites compared with tachyzoites stimulated with agonists. Diminished responses in bradyzoites were associated with downregulation of Ca2+-ATPases involved in intracellular Ca2+ storage in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and acidocalcisomes. Once liberated from cysts by trypsin digestion, bradyzoites incubated in glucose plus Ca2+ rapidly restored their intracellular Ca2+ and ATP stores, leading to enhanced gliding. Collectively, our findings indicate that intracellular bradyzoites exhibit dampened Ca2+ signaling and lower energy levels that restrict egress, and yet upon release they rapidly respond to changes in the environment to regain motility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Fu
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University in St. Louis, School of MedicineSt LouisUnited States
| | - Kevin M Brown
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University in St. Louis, School of MedicineSt LouisUnited States
| | - Nathaniel G Jones
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University in St. Louis, School of MedicineSt LouisUnited States
| | - Silvia NJ Moreno
- Center for Tropical and Emerging Global Diseases and Department of Cellular Biology, University of GeorgiaAthensUnited States
| | - L David Sibley
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University in St. Louis, School of MedicineSt LouisUnited States
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140
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Yeo AJ, Subramanian GN, Chong KL, Gatei M, Parton RG, Coman D, Lavin MF. An anaplerotic approach to correct the mitochondrial dysfunction in ataxia-telangiectasia (A-T). Mol Metab 2021; 54:101354. [PMID: 34637921 PMCID: PMC8599162 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2021.101354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND ATM, the protein defective in the human genetic disorder, ataxia-telangiectasia (A-T) plays a central role in response to DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) and in protecting the cell against oxidative stress. We showed that A-T cells are hypersensitive to metabolic stress which can be accounted for by a failure to exhibit efficient endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-mitochondrial signalling and Ca2+ transfer in response to nutrient deprivation resulting in mitochondrial dysfunction. The objective of the current study is to use an anaplerotic approach using the fatty acid, heptanoate (C7), a metabolic product of the triglyceride, triheptanoin to correct the defect in ER-mitochondrial signalling and enhance cell survival of A-T cells in response to metabolic stress. METHODS We treated control cells and A-T cells with the anaplerotic agent, heptanoate to determine their sensitivity to metabolic stress induced by inhibition of glycolysis with 2- deoxyglucose (2DG) using live-cell imaging to monitor cell survival for 72 h using the Incucyte system. We examined ER-mitochondrial signalling in A-T cells exposed to metabolic stress using a suite of techniques including immunofluorescence staining of Grp75, ER-mitochondrial Ca2+ channel, the VAPB-PTPIP51 ER-mitochondrial tether complexes as well as proximity ligation assays between Grp75-IP3R1 and VAPB1-PTPIP51 to establish a functional interaction between ER and mitochondria. Finally, we also performed metabolomic analysis using LC-MS/MS assay to determine altered levels of TCA intermediates A-T cells compared to healthy control cells. RESULTS We demonstrate that heptanoate corrects all aspects of the defective ER-mitochondrial signalling observed in A-T cells. Heptanoate enhances ER-mitochondrial contacts; increases the flow of calcium from the ER to the mitochondrion; restores normal mitochondrial function and mitophagy and increases the resistance of ATM-deficient cells and cells from A-T patients to metabolic stress-induced killing. The defect in mitochondrial function in ATM-deficient cells was accompanied by more reliance on aerobic glycolysis as shown by increased lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA), accumulation of lactate, and reduced levels of both acetyl CoA and ATP which are all restored by heptanoate. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that heptanoate corrects metabolic stress in A-T cells by restoring ER-mitochondria signalling and mitochondrial function and suggest that the parent compound, triheptanoin, has immense potential as a novel therapeutic agent for patients with A-T.
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Affiliation(s)
- A J Yeo
- University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research, University of Queensland, Herston, Brisbane, Australia.
| | - G N Subramanian
- University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research, University of Queensland, Herston, Brisbane, Australia
| | - K L Chong
- University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research, University of Queensland, Herston, Brisbane, Australia
| | - M Gatei
- University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research, University of Queensland, Herston, Brisbane, Australia
| | - R G Parton
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience and Centre for Microscopy and Microanalysis, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, Australia
| | - D Coman
- Queensland Children's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia; Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Herston, Brisbane, Australia
| | - M F Lavin
- University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research, University of Queensland, Herston, Brisbane, Australia.
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141
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Bagshaw OR, Moradi F, Moffatt CS, Hettwer HA, Liang P, Goldman J, Drelich JW, Stuart JA. Bioabsorbable metal zinc differentially affects mitochondria in vascular endothelial and smooth muscle cells. BIOMATERIALS AND BIOSYSTEMS 2021; 4:100027. [PMID: 36824572 PMCID: PMC9934485 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbiosy.2021.100027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Zinc is an essential trace element having various structural, catalytic and regulatory interactions with an estimated 3000 proteins. Zinc has drawn recent attention for its use, both as pure metal and alloyed, in arterial stents due to its biodegradability, biocompatibility, and low corrosion rates. Previous studies have demonstrated that zinc metal implants prevent the development of neointimal hyperplasia, which is a common cause of restenosis following coronary intervention. This suppression appears to be smooth muscle cell-specific, as reendothelization of the neointima is not inhibited. To better understand the basis of zinc's differential effects on rat aortic smooth muscle (RASMC) versus endothelial (RAENDO) cells, we conducted a transcriptomic analysis of both cell types following one-week continuous treatment with 5 µM or 50 µM zinc. This analysis indicated that genes whose protein products regulate mitochondrial functions, including oxidative phosphorylation and fusion/fission, are differentially affected by zinc in the two cell types. To better understand this, we performed Seahorse metabolic flux assays and quantitative imaging of mitochondrial networks in both cell types. Zinc treatment differently affected energy metabolism and mitochondrial structure/function in the two cell types. For example, both basal and maximal oxygen consumption rates were increased by zinc in RASMC but not in RAENDO. Zinc treatment increased apparent mitochondrial fusion in RASMC cells but increased mitochondrial fission in RAENDO cells. These results provide some insight into the mechanisms by which zinc treatment differently affects the two cell types and this information is important for understanding the role of zinc treatment in vascular cells and improving its use in biodegradable metal implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia R.M. Bagshaw
- Department of Biological Sciences, Brock University, 1812 Sir Isaac Brock Way, St. Catharines, Ontario L2S3A1, Canada
| | - Fereshteh Moradi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Brock University, 1812 Sir Isaac Brock Way, St. Catharines, Ontario L2S3A1, Canada
| | - Christopher S. Moffatt
- Department of Biological Sciences, Brock University, 1812 Sir Isaac Brock Way, St. Catharines, Ontario L2S3A1, Canada
| | - Hillary A. Hettwer
- Department of Biological Sciences, Brock University, 1812 Sir Isaac Brock Way, St. Catharines, Ontario L2S3A1, Canada
| | - Ping Liang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Brock University, 1812 Sir Isaac Brock Way, St. Catharines, Ontario L2S3A1, Canada
| | - Jeremy Goldman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Michigan Technological University, 1400 Townsend Drive, Houghton, MI 49931, United States
| | - Jaroslaw W. Drelich
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Michigan Technological University, 1400 Townsend Drive, Houghton, MI 49931, United States
| | - Jeffrey A. Stuart
- Department of Biological Sciences, Brock University, 1812 Sir Isaac Brock Way, St. Catharines, Ontario L2S3A1, Canada
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142
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Iriondo MN, Etxaniz A, Antón Z, Montes LR, Alonso A. Molecular and mesoscopic geometries in autophagosome generation. A review. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2021; 1863:183731. [PMID: 34419487 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2021.183731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy is an essential process in cell self-repair and survival. The centre of the autophagic event is the generation of the so-called autophagosome (AP), a vesicle surrounded by a double membrane (two bilayers). The AP delivers its cargo to a lysosome, for degradation and re-use of the hydrolysis products as new building blocks. AP formation is a very complex event, requiring dozens of specific proteins, and involving numerous instances of membrane biogenesis and architecture, including membrane fusion and fission. Many stages of AP generation can be rationalised in terms of curvature, both the molecular geometry of lipids interpreted in terms of 'intrinsic curvature', and the overall mesoscopic curvature of the whole membrane, as observed with microscopy techniques. The present contribution intends to bring together the worlds of biophysics and cell biology of autophagy, in the hope that the resulting cross-pollination will generate abundant fruit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina N Iriondo
- Instituto Biofisika (CSIC, UPV/EHU) and Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universidad del País Vasco, 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Asier Etxaniz
- Instituto Biofisika (CSIC, UPV/EHU) and Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universidad del País Vasco, 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Zuriñe Antón
- Instituto Biofisika (CSIC, UPV/EHU) and Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universidad del País Vasco, 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - L Ruth Montes
- Instituto Biofisika (CSIC, UPV/EHU) and Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universidad del País Vasco, 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Alicia Alonso
- Instituto Biofisika (CSIC, UPV/EHU) and Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universidad del País Vasco, 48940 Leioa, Spain.
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143
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Combined Pharmacophore and Grid-Independent Molecular Descriptors (GRIND) Analysis to Probe 3D Features of Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate Receptor (IP 3R) Inhibitors in Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222312993. [PMID: 34884798 PMCID: PMC8657927 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222312993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Inositol 1, 4, 5-trisphosphate receptor (IP3R)-mediated Ca2+ signaling plays a pivotal role in different cellular processes, including cell proliferation and cell death. Remodeling Ca2+ signals by targeting the downstream effectors is considered an important hallmark in cancer progression. Despite recent structural analyses, no binding hypothesis for antagonists within the IP3-binding core (IBC) has been proposed yet. Therefore, to elucidate the 3D structural features of IP3R modulators, we used combined pharmacoinformatic approaches, including ligand-based pharmacophore models and grid-independent molecular descriptor (GRIND)-based models. Our pharmacophore model illuminates the existence of two hydrogen-bond acceptors (2.62 Å and 4.79 Å) and two hydrogen-bond donors (5.56 Å and 7.68 Å), respectively, from a hydrophobic group within the chemical scaffold, which may enhance the liability (IC50) of a compound for IP3R inhibition. Moreover, our GRIND model (PLS: Q2 = 0.70 and R2 = 0.72) further strengthens the identified pharmacophore features of IP3R modulators by probing the presence of complementary hydrogen-bond donor and hydrogen-bond acceptor hotspots at a distance of 7.6-8.0 Å and 6.8-7.2 Å, respectively, from a hydrophobic hotspot at the virtual receptor site (VRS). The identified 3D structural features of IP3R modulators were used to screen (virtual screening) 735,735 compounds from the ChemBridge database, 265,242 compounds from the National Cancer Institute (NCI) database, and 885 natural compounds from the ZINC database. After the application of filters, four compounds from ChemBridge, one compound from ZINC, and three compounds from NCI were shortlisted as potential hits (antagonists) against IP3R. The identified hits could further assist in the design and optimization of lead structures for the targeting and remodeling of Ca2+ signals in cancer.
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144
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Ziegler DV, Martin N, Bernard D. Cellular senescence links mitochondria-ER contacts and aging. Commun Biol 2021; 4:1323. [PMID: 34819602 PMCID: PMC8613202 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-02840-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Membrane contact sites emerged in the last decade as key players in the integration, regulation and transmission of many signals within cells, with critical impact in multiple pathophysiological contexts. Numerous studies accordingly point to a role for mitochondria-endoplasmic reticulum contacts (MERCs) in modulating aging. Nonetheless, the driving cellular mechanisms behind this role remain unclear. Recent evidence unravelled that MERCs regulate cellular senescence, a state of permanent proliferation arrest associated with a pro-inflammatory secretome, which could mediate MERC impact on aging. Here we discuss this idea in light of recent advances supporting an interplay between MERCs, cellular senescence and aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorian V Ziegler
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Inserm U1052, CNRS UMR 5286, Université de Lyon, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France.
- Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Nadine Martin
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Inserm U1052, CNRS UMR 5286, Université de Lyon, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France.
| | - David Bernard
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Inserm U1052, CNRS UMR 5286, Université de Lyon, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France.
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145
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Targeting T-type channels in cancer: What is on and what is off? Drug Discov Today 2021; 27:743-758. [PMID: 34838727 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2021.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Over the past 20 years, various studies have demonstrated a pivotal role of T-type calcium channels (TTCCs) in tumor progression. Cytotoxic effects of TTCC pharmacological blockers have been reported in vitro and in preclinical models. However, their roles in cancer physiology are only beginning to be understood. In this review, we discuss evidence for the signaling pathways and cellular processes stemming from TTCC activity, mainly inferred by inverse reasoning from pharmacological blocks and, only in a few studies, by gene silencing or channel activation. A thorough analysis indicates that drug-induced cytotoxicity is partially an off-target effect. Dissection of on/off-target activity is paramount to elucidate the physiological roles of TTCCs, and to deliver efficacious therapies suited to different cancer types and stages.
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146
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Kumar S, Javed R, Mudd M, Pallikkuth S, Lidke KA, Jain A, Tangavelou K, Gudmundsson SR, Ye C, Rusten TE, Anonsen JH, Lystad AH, Claude-Taupin A, Simonsen A, Salemi M, Phinney B, Li J, Guo LW, Bradfute SB, Timmins GS, Eskelinen EL, Deretic V. Mammalian hybrid pre-autophagosomal structure HyPAS generates autophagosomes. Cell 2021; 184:5950-5969.e22. [PMID: 34741801 PMCID: PMC8616855 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2021.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The biogenesis of mammalian autophagosomes remains to be fully defined. Here, we used cellular and in vitro membrane fusion analyses to show that autophagosomes are formed from a hitherto unappreciated hybrid membrane compartment. The autophagic precursors emerge through fusion of FIP200 vesicles, derived from the cis-Golgi, with endosomally derived ATG16L1 membranes to generate a hybrid pre-autophagosomal structure, HyPAS. A previously unrecognized apparatus defined here controls HyPAS biogenesis and mammalian autophagosomal precursor membranes. HyPAS can be modulated by pharmacological agents whereas its formation is inhibited upon severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection or by expression of SARS-CoV-2 nsp6. These findings reveal the origin of mammalian autophagosomal membranes, which emerge via convergence of secretory and endosomal pathways, and show that this process is targeted by microbial factors such as coronaviral membrane-modulating proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suresh Kumar
- Autophagy Inflammation and Metabolism Center, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA; Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Ruheena Javed
- Autophagy Inflammation and Metabolism Center, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA; Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Michal Mudd
- Autophagy Inflammation and Metabolism Center, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA; Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Sandeep Pallikkuth
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Keith A Lidke
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Ashish Jain
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Karthikeyan Tangavelou
- Autophagy Inflammation and Metabolism Center, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA; Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | | | - Chunyan Ye
- Center for Global Health, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | | | | | | | - Aurore Claude-Taupin
- Autophagy Inflammation and Metabolism Center, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA; Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Anne Simonsen
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Michelle Salemi
- Proteomics Core, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Brett Phinney
- Proteomics Core, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Lian-Wang Guo
- Department of Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Steven B Bradfute
- Center for Global Health, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Graham S Timmins
- Autophagy Inflammation and Metabolism Center, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA; School of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | | | - Vojo Deretic
- Autophagy Inflammation and Metabolism Center, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA; Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA.
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147
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Young MP, Schug ZT, Booth DM, Yule DI, Mikoshiba K, Hajnόczky G, Joseph SK. Metabolic adaptation to the chronic loss of Ca 2+ signaling induced by KO of IP 3 receptors or the mitochondrial Ca 2+ uniporter. J Biol Chem 2021; 298:101436. [PMID: 34801549 PMCID: PMC8672050 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.101436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Calcium signaling is essential for regulating many biological processes. Endoplasmic reticulum inositol trisphosphate receptors (IP3Rs) and the mitochondrial Ca2+ uniporter (MCU) are key proteins that regulate intracellular Ca2+ concentration. Mitochondrial Ca2+ accumulation activates Ca2+-sensitive dehydrogenases of the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle that maintain the biosynthetic and bioenergetic needs of both normal and cancer cells. However, the interplay between calcium signaling and metabolism is not well understood. In this study, we used human cancer cell lines (HEK293 and HeLa) with stable KOs of all three IP3R isoforms (triple KO [TKO]) or MCU to examine metabolic and bioenergetic responses to the chronic loss of cytosolic and/or mitochondrial Ca2+ signaling. Our results show that TKO cells (exhibiting total loss of Ca2+ signaling) are viable, displaying a lower proliferation and oxygen consumption rate, with no significant changes in ATP levels, even when made to rely solely on the TCA cycle for energy production. MCU KO cells also maintained normal ATP levels but showed increased proliferation, oxygen consumption, and metabolism of both glucose and glutamine. However, MCU KO cells were unable to maintain ATP levels and died when relying solely on the TCA cycle for energy. We conclude that constitutive Ca2+ signaling is dispensable for the bioenergetic needs of both IP3R TKO and MCU KO human cancer cells, likely because of adequate basal glycolytic and TCA cycle flux. However, in MCU KO cells, the higher energy expenditure associated with increased proliferation and oxygen consumption makes these cells more prone to bioenergetic failure under conditions of metabolic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael P Young
- Department of Pathology, MitoCare Center, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Zachary T Schug
- Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - David M Booth
- Department of Pathology, MitoCare Center, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - David I Yule
- Department of Pharmacology & Physiology, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Katsuhiko Mikoshiba
- Shanghai Institute of Advanced Immunochemical Studies (SIAIS), Shanghai Tech University, Shanghai, China; Department of Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Science, Toho University, Funabashi, Japan
| | - Gyӧrgy Hajnόczky
- Department of Pathology, MitoCare Center, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Suresh K Joseph
- Department of Pathology, MitoCare Center, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
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148
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Fan P, Jordan VC. PERK, Beyond an Unfolded Protein Response Sensor in Estrogen-Induced Apoptosis in Endocrine-Resistant Breast Cancer. Mol Cancer Res 2021; 20:193-201. [PMID: 34728551 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-21-0702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The discovery of 17β-estradiol (E2)-induced apoptosis has clinical relevance. Mechanistically, E2 over activates nuclear estrogen receptor α that results in stress responses. The unfolded protein response (UPR) is initiated by E2 in the endoplasmic reticulum after hours of treatment in endocrine-resistant breast cancer cells, thereby activating three UPR sensors-PRK-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK), inositol-requiring enzyme 1α (IRE1α), and activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6) with different functions. Specifically, PERK plays a critical role in induction of apoptosis whereas IRE1α and ATF6 are involved in the endoplasmic reticulum stress-associated degradation (ERAD) of PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathways. In addition to attenuating protein translation, PERK increases the DNA-binding activity of NF-κB and subsequent TNFα expression. In addition, PERK communicates with the mitochondria to regulate oxidative stress at mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum membranes (MAM). Furthermore, PERK is a component enriched in MAMs that interacts with multifunctional MAM-tethering proteins and integrally modulates the exchange of metabolites such as lipids, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and Ca2+ at contact sites. MAMs are also critical sites for the initiation of autophagy to remove defective organelles and misfolded proteins through specific regulatory proteins. Thus, PERK conveys signals from nucleus to these membrane-structured organelles that form an interconnected network to regulate E2-induced apoptosis. Herein, we address the mechanistic progress on how PERK acts as a multifunctional molecule to commit E2 to inducing apoptosis in endocrine-resistant breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Fan
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - V Craig Jordan
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
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149
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Lim Y, Cho IT, Rennke HG, Cho G. β2-adrenergic receptor regulates ER-mitochondria contacts. Sci Rep 2021; 11:21477. [PMID: 34728663 PMCID: PMC8563895 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-00801-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Interactions between the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria (Mito) are crucial for many cellular functions, and their interaction levels change dynamically depending on the cellular environment. Little is known about how the interactions between these organelles are regulated within the cell. Here we screened a compound library to identify chemical modulators for ER-Mito contacts in HEK293T cells. Multiple agonists of G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs), beta-adrenergic receptors (β-ARs) in particular, scored in this screen. Analyses in multiple orthogonal assays validated that β2-AR activation promotes physical and functional interactions between the two organelles. Furthermore, we have elucidated potential downstream effectors mediating β2-AR-induced ER-Mito contacts. Together our study identifies β2-AR signaling as an important regulatory pathway for ER-Mito coupling and highlights the role of these contacts in responding to physiological demands or stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youngshin Lim
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
| | - Il-Taeg Cho
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Department of Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Helmut G Rennke
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Ginam Cho
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA.
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Hommen F, Bilican S, Vilchez D. Protein clearance strategies for disease intervention. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2021; 129:141-172. [PMID: 34689261 PMCID: PMC8541819 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-021-02431-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Protein homeostasis, or proteostasis, is essential for cell function and viability. Unwanted, damaged, misfolded and aggregated proteins are degraded by the ubiquitin–proteasome system (UPS) and the autophagy-lysosome pathway. Growing evidence indicates that alterations in these major proteolytic mechanisms lead to a demise in proteostasis, contributing to the onset and development of distinct diseases. Indeed, dysregulation of the UPS or autophagy is linked to several neurodegenerative, infectious and inflammatory disorders as well as cancer. Thus, modulation of protein clearance pathways is a promising approach for therapeutics. In this review, we discuss recent findings and open questions on how targeting proteolytic mechanisms could be applied for disease intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Hommen
- Cologne Excellence Cluster for Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Joseph Stelzmann Strasse 26, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Saygın Bilican
- Cologne Excellence Cluster for Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Joseph Stelzmann Strasse 26, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - David Vilchez
- Cologne Excellence Cluster for Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Joseph Stelzmann Strasse 26, 50931, Cologne, Germany. .,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany. .,Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
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