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Abscisic Acid Biosynthesis and Signaling in Plants: Key Targets to Improve Water Use Efficiency and Drought Tolerance. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10186322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The observation of a much-improved fitness of wild-type plants over abscisic acid (ABA)-deficient mutants during drought has led researchers from all over to world to perform experiments aiming at a better understanding of how this hormone modulates the physiology of plants under water-limited conditions. More recently, several promising approaches manipulating ABA biosynthesis and signaling have been explored to improve water use efficiency and confer drought tolerance to major crop species. Here, we review recent progress made in the last decade on (i) ABA biosynthesis, (ii) the roles of ABA on plant-water relations and on primary and secondary metabolisms during drought, and (iii) the regulation of ABA levels and perception to improve water use efficiency and drought tolerance in crop species.
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102
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Shohat H, Illouz-Eliaz N, Kanno Y, Seo M, Weiss D. The Tomato DELLA Protein PROCERA Promotes Abscisic Acid Responses in Guard Cells by Upregulating an Abscisic Acid Transporter. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2020; 184:518-528. [PMID: 32576645 PMCID: PMC7479916 DOI: 10.1104/pp.20.00485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/13/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Plants reduce transpiration through stomatal closure to avoid drought stress. While abscisic acid (ABA) has a central role in the regulation of stomatal closure under water-deficit conditions, we demonstrated in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) that a gibberellin response inhibitor, the DELLA protein PROCERA (PRO), promotes ABA-induced stomatal closure and gene transcription in guard cells. To study how PRO affects stomatal closure, we performed RNA-sequencing analysis of isolated guard cells and identified the ABA transporters ABA-IMPORTING TRANSPORTER1 1 (AIT1 1) and AIT1 2, also called NITRATE TRANSPORTER1/PTR TRANSPORTER FAMILY4 6 in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), as being upregulated by PRO. Tomato has four AIT1 genes, but only AIT1 1 and AIT1 2 were upregulated by PRO, and only AIT1 1 exhibited high expression in guard cells. Functional analysis of AIT1 1 in yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) confirmed its activity as an ABA transporter, possibly an importer. A clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats-Cas9-derived ait1 1 mutant exhibited an increased transpiration, a larger stomatal aperture, and a reduced stomatal response to ABA. Moreover, ait1 1 suppressed the promoting effects of PRO on ABA-induced stomatal closure and gene expression in guard cells, suggesting that the effects of PRO on stomatal aperture and transpiration are AIT1.1-dependent. Previous studies suggest a negative crosstalk between gibberellin and ABA that is mediated by changes in hormone biosynthesis and signaling. The results of this study suggest this crosstalk is also mediated by changes in hormone transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hagai Shohat
- Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Natanella Illouz-Eliaz
- Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Yuri Kanno
- Dormancy and Adaptation Research Unit, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
| | - Mitsunori Seo
- Dormancy and Adaptation Research Unit, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
| | - David Weiss
- Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel
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103
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Hewage KAH, Yang J, Wang D, Hao G, Yang G, Zhu J. Chemical Manipulation of Abscisic Acid Signaling: A New Approach to Abiotic and Biotic Stress Management in Agriculture. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2020; 7:2001265. [PMID: 32999840 PMCID: PMC7509701 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202001265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA) is the best-known stress signaling molecule in plants. ABA protects sessile land plants from biotic and abiotic stresses. The conserved pyrabactin resistance/pyrabactin resistance-like/regulatory component of ABA receptors (PYR/PYL/RCAR) perceives ABA and triggers a cascade of signaling events. A thorough knowledge of the sequential steps of ABA signaling will be necessary for the development of chemicals that control plant stress responses. The core components of the ABA signaling pathway have been identified with adequate characterization. The information available concerning ABA biosynthesis, transport, perception, and metabolism has enabled detailed functional studies on how the protective ability of ABA in plants might be modified to increase plant resistance to stress. Some of the significant contributions to chemical manipulation include ABA biosynthesis inhibitors, and ABA receptor agonists and antagonists. Chemical manipulation of key control points in ABA signaling is important for abiotic and biotic stress management in agriculture. However, a comprehensive review of the current knowledge of chemical manipulation of ABA signaling is lacking. Here, a thorough analysis of recent reports on small-molecule modulation of ABA signaling is provided. The challenges and prospects in the chemical manipulation of ABA signaling for the development of ABA-based agrochemicals are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamalani Achala H. Hewage
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical BiologyMinistry of EducationCollege of ChemistryCentral China Normal UniversityWuhan430079P. R. China
- International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensor Technology and HealthCentral China Normal UniversityWuhan430079P. R. China
| | - Jing‐Fang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical BiologyMinistry of EducationCollege of ChemistryCentral China Normal UniversityWuhan430079P. R. China
- International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensor Technology and HealthCentral China Normal UniversityWuhan430079P. R. China
| | - Di Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical BiologyMinistry of EducationCollege of ChemistryCentral China Normal UniversityWuhan430079P. R. China
- International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensor Technology and HealthCentral China Normal UniversityWuhan430079P. R. China
| | - Ge‐Fei Hao
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical BiologyMinistry of EducationCollege of ChemistryCentral China Normal UniversityWuhan430079P. R. China
- International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensor Technology and HealthCentral China Normal UniversityWuhan430079P. R. China
| | - Guang‐Fu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical BiologyMinistry of EducationCollege of ChemistryCentral China Normal UniversityWuhan430079P. R. China
- International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensor Technology and HealthCentral China Normal UniversityWuhan430079P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and EngineeringTianjin300072P. R. China
| | - Jian‐Kang Zhu
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biologyand CAS Center of Excellence in Molecular Plant SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai20032P. R. China
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape ArchitecturePurdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN47907USA
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104
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The Complex Issue of Urban Trees—Stress Factor Accumulation and Ecological Service Possibilities. FORESTS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/f11090932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
This review paper is the first that summarizes many aspects of the ecological role of trees in urban landscapes while considering their growth conditions. Research Highlights are: (i) Plant growth conditions in cities are worsening due to high urbanization rates and new stress factors; (ii) Urban trees are capable of alleviating the stress factors they are exposed to; (iii) The size and vitality of trees is related to the ecological services they can provide. Our review shows, in a clear way, that the phenomenon of human-related environmental degradation, which generates urban tree stress, can be effectively alleviated by the presence of trees. The first section reviews concerns related to urban environment degradation and its influence on trees. Intense urbanization affects the environment of plants, raising the mortality rate of urban trees. The second part deals with the dieback of city trees, its causes and scale. The average life expectancy of urban trees is relatively low and depends on factors such as the specific location, proper care and community involvement, among others. The third part concerns the ecological and economic advantages of trees in the city structure. Trees affect citizen safety and health, but also improve the soil and air environment. Finally, we present the drawbacks of tree planting and discuss if they are caused by the tree itself or rather by improper tree management. We collect the latest reports on the complicated state of urban trees, presenting new insights on the complex issue of trees situated in cities, struggling with stress factors. These stressors have evolved over the decades and emphasize the importance of tree presence in the city structure.
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105
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Flütsch S, Nigro A, Conci F, Fajkus J, Thalmann M, Trtílek M, Panzarová K, Santelia D. Glucose uptake to guard cells via STP transporters provides carbon sources for stomatal opening and plant growth. EMBO Rep 2020; 21:e49719. [PMID: 32627357 PMCID: PMC7403697 DOI: 10.15252/embr.201949719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Guard cells on the leaf epidermis regulate stomatal opening for gas exchange between plants and the atmosphere, allowing a balance between photosynthesis and transpiration. Given that guard cells possess several characteristics of sink tissues, their metabolic activities should largely depend on mesophyll-derived sugars. Early biochemical studies revealed sugar uptake into guard cells. However, the transporters that are involved and their relative contribution to guard cell function are not yet known. Here, we identified the monosaccharide/proton symporters Sugar Transport Protein 1 and 4 (STP1 and STP4) as the major plasma membrane hexose sugar transporters in the guard cells of Arabidopsis thaliana. We show that their combined action is required for glucose import to guard cells, providing carbon sources for starch accumulation and light-induced stomatal opening that are essential for plant growth. These findings highlight mesophyll-derived glucose as an important metabolite connecting stomatal movements with photosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Flütsch
- Institute of Integrative BiologyETH ZürichZürichSwitzerland
- Department of Plant and Microbial BiologyUniversity of ZürichZürichSwitzerland
| | - Arianna Nigro
- Department of Plant and Microbial BiologyUniversity of ZürichZürichSwitzerland
- Present address:
Syngenta Crop Protection AGStein AGSwitzerland
| | - Franco Conci
- Department of Plant and Microbial BiologyUniversity of ZürichZürichSwitzerland
| | - Jiří Fajkus
- Photon Systems Instruments (PSI)DrasovCzech Republic
| | - Matthias Thalmann
- Department of Plant and Microbial BiologyUniversity of ZürichZürichSwitzerland
- Present address:
John Innes CentreNorwich Research ParkNorwichUK
| | | | | | - Diana Santelia
- Institute of Integrative BiologyETH ZürichZürichSwitzerland
- Department of Plant and Microbial BiologyUniversity of ZürichZürichSwitzerland
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106
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Kong W, Yoo MJ, Zhu D, Noble JD, Kelley TM, Li J, Kirst M, Assmann SM, Chen S. Molecular changes in Mesembryanthemum crystallinum guard cells underlying the C 3 to CAM transition. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2020; 103:653-667. [PMID: 32468353 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-020-01016-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2020] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE: The timing and transcriptomic changes during the C3 to CAM transition of common ice plant support the notion that guard cells themselves can shift from C3 to CAM. Crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) is a specialized type of photosynthesis: stomata close during the day, enhancing water conservation, and open at night, allowing CO2 uptake. Mesembryanthemum crystallinum (common ice plant) is a facultative CAM species that can shift from C3 photosynthesis to CAM under salt or drought stresses. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the stress induced transition from C3 to CAM remain unknown. Here we determined the transition time from C3 to CAM in M. crystallinum under salt stress. In parallel, single-cell-type transcriptomic profiling by 3'-mRNA sequencing was conducted in isolated stomatal guard cells to determine the molecular changes in this key cell type during the transition. In total, 495 transcripts showed differential expression between control and salt-treated samples during the transition, including 285 known guard cell genes, seven CAM-related genes, 18 transcription factors, and 185 other genes previously not found to be expressed in guard cells. PEPC1 and PPCK1, which encode key enzymes of CAM photosynthesis, were up-regulated in guard cells after seven days of salt treatment, indicating that guard cells themselves can shift from C3 to CAM. This study provides important information towards introducing CAM stomatal behavior into C3 crops to enhance water use efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwen Kong
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- Department of Biology, Genetics Institute, University of Florida (UF), Gainesville, FL, USA
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics, College of Life Science and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Mi-Jeong Yoo
- Department of Biology, Genetics Institute, University of Florida (UF), Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Dan Zhu
- Department of Biology, Genetics Institute, University of Florida (UF), Gainesville, FL, USA
- College of Life Science, Key Lab of Plant Biotechnology in Universities of Shandong Province, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jerald D Noble
- School of Forest Resources and Conservation, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Theresa M Kelley
- Department of Biology, Genetics Institute, University of Florida (UF), Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Jing Li
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Matias Kirst
- School of Forest Resources and Conservation, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
| | - Sarah M Assmann
- Department of Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.
| | - Sixue Chen
- Department of Biology, Genetics Institute, University of Florida (UF), Gainesville, FL, USA.
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107
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Rasouli F, Kiani-Pouya A, Zhang H, Shabala S. Developing and validating protocols for mechanical isolation of guard-cell enriched epidermal peels for omics studies. FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2020; 47:803-814. [PMID: 32513383 DOI: 10.1071/fp20085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Stomata, which are microscopic valves on the leaf surface formed by two guard cells (GC), play a critical role in the regulation of leaf water and gas exchange and, hence, determine plant adaptive potential. However, little data is available on GC biochemistry, protein abundance and gene expression, mainly due to technical difficulties and challenges in isolating sufficient amounts of high-quality pure GC. In the present study we applied some modifications to the mechanical isolation of guard-cell to generalise this method for diverse growth conditions as well as plant species. Epidermal peel fragments enriched in guard cells were mechanically isolated from quinoa, spinach and sugar beet leaves grown at two conditions (normal and salt stress). Multiple analysis was performed to confirm the suitability and superiority of the modified technique to the original method. At the first step, the viability and purity of GC-enriched epidermal fragments were assessed under the microscope. Then, the RNA integrity, gene expression, and 1D SDS-PAGE tests were performed to validate the suitability of this technique for omics studies. The data revealed a wide range of proteins as well as a high integrity of RNA extracted from guard cell samples. The expression level of several GC-specific genes and mesophyll-dominant genes were investigated using a comparative analysis of transcriptome datasets of GC and whole-leaf samples. We found that Rubisco and photosynthesis-related proteins such as chlorophyll a/b binding protein were substantially higher in the whole leaf compared with the GCs. More importantly, GC-specific genes such as OST1, SLAC1, MYB60, FAMA and HT1 were highly expressed in the GCs, confirming that our guard cell preparation was highly enriched in GC gene transcripts. Real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR further confirmed the efficacy of the GC isolation technique for exploring responses of GC to diverse types of stress at the molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Rasouli
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, College of Science and Engineering, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tas. 7001, Australia; and Shanghai Centre for Plant Stress Biology and CAS Centre for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 201602 Shanghai, China
| | - Ali Kiani-Pouya
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, College of Science and Engineering, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tas. 7001, Australia; and Shanghai Centre for Plant Stress Biology and CAS Centre for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 201602 Shanghai, China
| | - Heng Zhang
- Shanghai Centre for Plant Stress Biology and CAS Centre for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 201602 Shanghai, China
| | - Sergey Shabala
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, College of Science and Engineering, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tas. 7001, Australia; and International Research Centre for Environmental Membrane Biology, Foshan University, 528000 Foshan, China; and Corresponding author.
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108
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Cardoso AA, Brodribb TJ, Kane CN, DaMatta FM, McAdam SAM. Osmotic adjustment and hormonal regulation of stomatal responses to vapour pressure deficit in sunflower. AOB PLANTS 2020; 12:plaa025. [PMID: 32665827 PMCID: PMC7346309 DOI: 10.1093/aobpla/plaa025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Dynamic variation of the stomatal pore in response to changes in leaf-air vapour pressure difference (VPD) constitutes a critical regulation of daytime gas exchange. The stomatal response to VPD has been associated with both foliage abscisic acid (ABA) and leaf water potential (Ψ l ); however, causation remains a matter of debate. Here, we seek to separate hydraulic and hormonal control of stomatal aperture by manipulating the osmotic potential of sunflower leaves. In addition, we test whether stomatal responses to VPD in an ABA-deficient mutant (w-1) of sunflower are similar to the wild type. Stomatal apertures during VPD transitions were closely linked with foliage ABA levels in sunflower plants with contrasting osmotic potentials. In addition, we observed that the inability to synthesize ABA at high VPD in w-1 plants was associated with no dynamic or steady-state stomatal response to VPD. These results for sunflower are consistent with a hormonal, ABA-mediated stomatal responses to VPD rather than a hydraulic-driven stomatal response to VPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda A Cardoso
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Purdue Center for Plant Biology, Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Timothy J Brodribb
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Cade N Kane
- Purdue Center for Plant Biology, Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Fábio M DaMatta
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Scott A M McAdam
- Purdue Center for Plant Biology, Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
- Corresponding author’s e-mail address:
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109
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Zhang J, Zhou H, Zhou M, Ge Z, Zhang F, Foyer CH, Yuan X, Xie Y. The coordination of guard-cell autonomous ABA synthesis and DES1 function in situ regulates plant water deficit responses. J Adv Res 2020; 27:191-197. [PMID: 33318877 PMCID: PMC7728585 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2020.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Drought stress triggers the synthesis and accumulation of the phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA), which regulates stomatal aperture and hence reducing plant water loss. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), which is produced by the enzyme L-cysteine desulfhydrase 1 (DES1) that catalyzes the desulfuration of L-cysteine in Arabidopsis, also plays a critical role in the regulation of drought-induced stomatal closure. However, little is known about the regulation of DES1 or the crosstalk between H2S and ABA signaling in response to dehydration. Objectives To demonstrate the potential crosstalk between DES1-dependent H2S and ABA signaling in response to dehydration and its regulation mechanism. Methods Firstly, by introducing guard cell-specific MYB60 promoter, to produce complementary lines of DES1 or ABA3 into guard cell of des1 or aba3 mutant. And the related genes expression and water loss under ABA, NaHS, or dehydration treatment in these mutant or transgenics lines were determinate. Results We found that dehydration-induced expression of DES1 is abolished in the abscisic acid deficient 3 (aba3) mutants that are deficient in ABA synthesis. Both the complementation of ABA3 expression in guard cells of the aba3 mutants and ABA treatment rescue the dehydration-induced expression of DES1, as well as the wilting phenotype observed in these mutants. Moreover, the drought-induced expression of ABA synthesis genes was suppressed in des1 mutants. While the addition of ABA or the expression of either ABA3 or DES1 in the guard cells of the aba3/des1 double mutant did not alter the wilting phenotype of these mutants, the wild type phenotype was fully restored by the expression of both ABA3 and DES1, or by the application of NaHS. Conclusion These results demonstrate that the coordinated synthesis of ABA and DES1 expression is required for drought-induced stomatal closure in Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Laboratory Center of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Heng Zhou
- Laboratory Center of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Mingjian Zhou
- Laboratory Center of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Zhenglin Ge
- Laboratory Center of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Laboratory Center of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Christine H Foyer
- School of Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston B15 2TT, UK
| | - Xingxing Yuan
- Institute of Industrial Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Yanjie Xie
- Laboratory Center of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
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110
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Li MQ, Yang J, Wang X, Li DX, Zhang CB, Tian ZH, You MH, Bai SQ, Lin HH. Transcriptome profiles identify the common responsive genes to drought stress in two Elymus species. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2020; 250:153183. [PMID: 32422512 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2020.153183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Revised: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Elymus, the largest genus of the Triticeae Dumort, is a forage grass in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, where the climate has gradually become increasingly dry in recent years. To understand the mechanisms of the response to drought stress in Elymus species, we first investigated physiological and biochemical responses to polyethylene glycol (PEG-6000) simulated drought stress in two Elymus species, Elymus nutans and Elymus sibiricus, and found that E. nutans was more tolerant to drought stress than E. sibiricus. De novo transcriptome analysis of these two Elymus species treated with or without 10 % PEG-6000 revealed that a total of 1695 unigenes were commonly regulated by drought treatment in these two Elymus species, with 1614 unigenes up-regulated and 81 unigenes down-regulated. The coexpressed differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were enriched in regulation of transcription and gene expression in the GO database. KEGG pathway analysis indicated plant hormone signaling transduction were mostly enriched in co-expressed DEGs. Furthermore, genes annotated in the plant hormone signaling transduction were screened from co-expressed DEGs, and found that abscisic acid plays the major role in the drought stress tolerance of Elymus. Meanwhile, transcription factors screened from co-expressed DEGs were mainly classified into the ERF subfamily and WRKY, DREB, and HSF family members. Our results provide further reference for studying the response mechanism and culturing highly tolerant grasses of the Elymus species under drought stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Qun Li
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, China
| | - Jian Yang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, China.
| | - Xin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, China
| | - Da-Xu Li
- Sichuan Academy of Grassland Science, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611731, China
| | - Chang-Bing Zhang
- Sichuan Academy of Grassland Science, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611731, China
| | - Zhi-Hui Tian
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, China
| | - Ming-Hong You
- Sichuan Academy of Grassland Science, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611731, China
| | - Shi-Qie Bai
- Sichuan Academy of Grassland Science, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611731, China.
| | - Hong-Hui Lin
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, China.
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111
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Visentin I, Pagliarani C, Deva E, Caracci A, Turečková V, Novák O, Lovisolo C, Schubert A, Cardinale F. A novel strigolactone-miR156 module controls stomatal behaviour during drought recovery. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2020; 43:1613-1624. [PMID: 32196123 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2020] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
miR156 is a conserved microRNA whose role and induction mechanisms under stress are poorly known. Strigolactones are phytohormones needed in shoots for drought acclimation. They promote stomatal closure ABA-dependently and independently; however, downstream effectors for the former have not been identified. Linkage between miR156 and strigolactones under stress has not been reported. We compared ABA accumulation and sensitivity as well as performances of wt and miR156-overexpressing (miR156-oe) tomato plants during drought. We also quantified miR156 levels in wt, strigolactone-depleted and strigolactone-treated plants, exposed to drought stress. Under irrigated conditions, miR156 overexpression and strigolactone treatment led to lower stomatal conductance and higher ABA sensitivity. Exogenous strigolactones were sufficient for miR156 accumulation in leaves, while endogenous strigolactones were required for miR156 induction by drought. The "after-effect" of drought, by which stomata do not completely re-open after rewatering, was enhanced by both strigolactones and miR156. The transcript profiles of several miR156 targets were altered in strigolactone-depleted plants. Our results show that strigolactones act as a molecular link between drought and miR156 in tomato, and identify miR156 as a mediator of ABA-dependent effect of strigolactones on the after-effect of drought on stomata. Thus, we provide insights into both strigolactone and miR156 action on stomata.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Visentin
- Plant Stress Lab, Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Food Science DISAFA - Turin University, Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Chiara Pagliarani
- Plant Stress Lab, Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Food Science DISAFA - Turin University, Grugliasco, Italy
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, National Research Council, Turin, Italy
| | - Eleonora Deva
- Plant Stress Lab, Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Food Science DISAFA - Turin University, Grugliasco, Italy
- Centre for Biotech & Agricultural Research StrigoLab Srl, Turin, Italy
| | - Alessio Caracci
- Plant Stress Lab, Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Food Science DISAFA - Turin University, Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Veronika Turečková
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Palacký University and Institute of Experimental Botany, Czech Academy of Sciences, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Ondrej Novák
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Palacký University and Institute of Experimental Botany, Czech Academy of Sciences, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Claudio Lovisolo
- Plant Stress Lab, Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Food Science DISAFA - Turin University, Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Andrea Schubert
- Plant Stress Lab, Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Food Science DISAFA - Turin University, Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Francesca Cardinale
- Plant Stress Lab, Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Food Science DISAFA - Turin University, Grugliasco, Italy
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112
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Durand M, Brendel O, Buré C, Le Thiec D. Changes in irradiance and vapour pressure deficit under drought induce distinct stomatal dynamics between glasshouse and field-grown poplars. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2020; 227:392-406. [PMID: 32150759 DOI: 10.1111/nph.16525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Recent research has shown that plant acclimation to diverse patterns of light intensity modifies the dynamics of their stomatal response. Therefore, whether plants are grown in controlled conditions or in the field may impact their stomatal dynamics. We analysed the stomatal dynamics of two Populus euramericana and two Populus nigra genotypes grown in the field under contrasting water availability. By comparing their stomatal dynamics with that of the same genotypes grown in a glasshouse, we were able to test whether differences between these growing conditions interacted with genotypic differences in affecting stomatal dynamics and responses to soil water deficit. We found that, despite higher stomatal density and smaller size, in the field stomatal dynamics were much slower than in the glasshouse. Overall, differences among genotypes and their response to soil water deficit were much less pronounced in the field compared with the glasshouse. These results indicate that stomatal dynamics are regulated by both genotype-specific and environmental factors. Moreover, having slower stomata may be advantageous under some conditions. While stomatal dynamics were linked with whole-plant transpiration per leaf area in both experiments, the contribution of stomatal morphology varies dependent on the environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxime Durand
- INRAE, Université de Lorraine, AgroParisTech, SILVA, F-54280, Champenoux, France
| | - Oliver Brendel
- INRAE, Université de Lorraine, AgroParisTech, SILVA, F-54280, Champenoux, France
| | - Cyril Buré
- INRAE, Université de Lorraine, AgroParisTech, SILVA, F-54280, Champenoux, France
| | - Didier Le Thiec
- INRAE, Université de Lorraine, AgroParisTech, SILVA, F-54280, Champenoux, France
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113
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Harris BJ, Harrison CJ, Hetherington AM, Williams TA. Phylogenomic Evidence for the Monophyly of Bryophytes and the Reductive Evolution of Stomata. Curr Biol 2020; 30:2001-2012.e2. [PMID: 32302587 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2020.03.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The origin of land plants was accompanied by new adaptations to life on land, including the evolution of stomata-pores on the surface of plants that regulate gas exchange. The genes that underpin the development and function of stomata have been extensively studied in model angiosperms, such as Arabidopsis. However, little is known about stomata in bryophytes, and their evolutionary origins and ancestral function remain poorly understood. Here, we resolve the position of bryophytes in the land plant tree and investigate the evolutionary origins of genes that specify stomatal development and function. Our analyses recover bryophyte monophyly and demonstrate that the guard cell toolkit is more ancient than has been appreciated previously. We show that a range of core guard cell genes, including SPCH/MUTE, SMF, and FAMA, map back to the common ancestor of embryophytes or even earlier. These analyses suggest that the first embryophytes possessed stomata that were more sophisticated than previously envisioned and that the stomata of bryophytes have undergone reductive evolution, including their complete loss from liverworts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brogan J Harris
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Life Sciences Building, 24 Tyndall Avenue, Bristol BS8 1TQ, UK
| | - C Jill Harrison
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Life Sciences Building, 24 Tyndall Avenue, Bristol BS8 1TQ, UK
| | - Alistair M Hetherington
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Life Sciences Building, 24 Tyndall Avenue, Bristol BS8 1TQ, UK
| | - Tom A Williams
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Life Sciences Building, 24 Tyndall Avenue, Bristol BS8 1TQ, UK.
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114
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Cadavid IC, Guzman F, de Oliveira-Busatto L, de Almeida RMC, Margis R. Transcriptional analyses of two soybean cultivars under salt stress. Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:2871-2888. [PMID: 32227253 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05398-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Soybean is an economically important plant, and its production is affected in soils with high salinity levels. It is important to understand the adaptive mechanisms through which plants overcome this kind of stress and to identify potential genes for improving abiotic stress tolerance. RNA-Seq data of two Glycine max cultivars, a drought-sensitive (C08) and a tolerant (Conquista), subjected to different periods of salt stress were analyzed. The transcript expression profile was obtained using a transcriptogram approach, comparing both cultivars and different times of treatment. After 4 h of salt stress, Conquista cultivar had 1400 differentially expressed genes, 647 induced and 753 repressed. Comparative expression revealed that 719 genes share the same pattern of induction or repression between both cultivars. Among them, 393 genes were up- and 326 down-regulated. Salt stress also modified the expression of 54 isoforms of miRNAs in Conquista, by the maturation of 39 different pre-miRNAs. The predicted targets for 12 of those mature miRNAs also have matches with 15 differentially expressed genes from our analyses. We found genes involved in important pathways related to stress adaptation. Genes from both ABA and BR signaling pathways were modulated, with possible crosstalk between them, and with a likely post-transcriptional regulation by miRNAs. Genes related to ethylene biosynthesis, DNA repair, and plastid translation process were those that could be regulated by miRNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Cristina Cadavid
- Progama de Pos-gradação em Biologia Celular e Molecular (PPGBCM), Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Frank Guzman
- Progama de Pos-gradação em Biologia Celular e Molecular (PPGBCM), Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Dirección de Recursos Genéticos y Biotecnología, Instituto Nacional de Innovación Agraria, Av. La Molina, 1981, Lima 12, Perú
| | - Luisa de Oliveira-Busatto
- Progama de Pos-gradação em Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Rita M C de Almeida
- Instituto de Física, Sistemas Complexos, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência E Tecnologia: Sistemas Complexos, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Programa de Pós Graduação Em Bioinformática, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Rogerio Margis
- Progama de Pos-gradação em Biologia Celular e Molecular (PPGBCM), Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
- Progama de Pos-gradação em Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
- Centro de Biotecnologia, Laboratório de Genomas e Populações de Plantas (LGPP), Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500 - Prédio 43422, Laboratório 206, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
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115
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Hussain S, Brookbank BP, Nambara E. Hydrolysis of abscisic acid glucose ester occurs locally and quickly in response to dehydration. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2020; 71:1753-1756. [PMID: 32211865 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
This article comments on:Han Y, Watanabe S, Shimada H, Sakamoto A. 2020. Dynamics of the leaf endoplasmic reticulum modulate β-glucosidase-mediated stress-activated ABA production from its glucosyl ester. Journal of Experimental Botany 71, 2058–2071.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saad Hussain
- Department of Cell & Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Eiji Nambara
- Department of Cell & Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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116
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Zhang J, Zhou M, Ge Z, Shen J, Zhou C, Gotor C, Romero LC, Duan X, Liu X, Wu D, Yin X, Xie Y. Abscisic acid-triggered guard cell l-cysteine desulfhydrase function and in situ hydrogen sulfide production contributes to heme oxygenase-modulated stomatal closure. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2020; 43:624-636. [PMID: 31734942 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies have demonstrated that hydrogen sulfide (H2 S) produced through the activity of l-cysteine desulfhydrase (DES1) is an important gaseous signaling molecule in plants that could participate in abscisic acid (ABA)-induced stomatal closure. However, the coupling of the DES1/H2 S signaling pathways to guard cell movement has not been thoroughly elucidated. The results presented here provide genetic evidence for a physiologically relevant signaling pathway that governs guard cell in situ DES1/H2 S function in stomatal closure. We discovered that ABA-activated DES1 produces H2 S in guard cells. The impaired guard cell ABA phenotype of the des1 mutant can be fully complemented when DES1/H2 S function has been specifically rescued in guard cells and epidermal cells, but not mesophyll cells. This research further characterized DES1/H2 S function in the regulation of LONG HYPOCOTYL1 (HY1, a member of the heme oxygenase family) signaling. ABA-induced DES1 expression and H2 S production are hyper-activated in the hy1 mutant, both of which can be fully abolished by the addition of H2 S scavenger. Impaired guard cell ABA phenotype of des1/hy1 can be restored by H2 S donors. Taken together, this research indicated that guard cell in situ DES1 function is involved in ABA-induced stomatal closure, which also acts as a pivotal hub in regulating HY1 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Laboratory Center of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingjian Zhou
- Laboratory Center of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenglin Ge
- Laboratory Center of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Shen
- Laboratory Center of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Can Zhou
- Laboratory Center of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Cecilia Gotor
- Instituto de Bioquímica Vegetal y Fotosíntesis, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas and Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
| | - Luis C Romero
- Instituto de Bioquímica Vegetal y Fotosíntesis, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas and Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
| | - Xingliang Duan
- Laboratory Center of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology in Universities of Shandong Province, Life Science College, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Deliang Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory for Control Technology and Standard for Agro-product Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianchao Yin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory for Control Technology and Standard for Agro-product Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanjie Xie
- Laboratory Center of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
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117
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Lamarque LJ, Delzon S, Toups H, Gravel AI, Corso D, Badel E, Burlett R, Charrier G, Cochard H, Jansen S, King A, Torres-Ruiz JM, Pouzoulet J, Cramer GR, Thompson AJ, Gambetta GA. Over-accumulation of abscisic acid in transgenic tomato plants increases the risk of hydraulic failure. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2020; 43:548-562. [PMID: 31850535 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Climate change threatens food security, and plant science researchers have investigated methods of sustaining crop yield under drought. One approach has been to overproduce abscisic acid (ABA) to enhance water use efficiency. However, the concomitant effects of ABA overproduction on plant vascular system functioning are critical as it influences vulnerability to xylem hydraulic failure. We investigated these effects by comparing physiological and hydraulic responses to water deficit between a tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) wild type control (WT) and a transgenic line overproducing ABA (sp12). Under well-watered conditions, the sp12 line displayed similar growth rate and greater water use efficiency by operating at lower maximum stomatal conductance. X-ray microtomography revealed that sp12 was significantly more vulnerable to xylem embolism, resulting in a reduced hydraulic safety margin. We also observed a significant ontogenic effect on vulnerability to xylem embolism for both WT and sp12. This study demonstrates that the greater water use efficiency in the tomato ABA overproducing line is associated with higher vulnerability of the vascular system to embolism and a higher risk of hydraulic failure. Integrating hydraulic traits into breeding programmes represents a critical step for effectively managing a crop's ability to maintain hydraulic conductivity and productivity under water deficit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurent J Lamarque
- BIOGECO, INRA, Univ. Bordeaux, Pessac, France
- EGFV, Bordeaux-Sciences Agro, INRA, Univ. Bordeaux, ISVV, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | | | - Haley Toups
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada
| | | | | | - Eric Badel
- INRA, PIAF, Université Clermont-Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | | | | | - Hervé Cochard
- INRA, PIAF, Université Clermont-Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Steven Jansen
- Institute of Systematic Botany and Ecology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Andrew King
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | | | - Jérôme Pouzoulet
- EGFV, Bordeaux-Sciences Agro, INRA, Univ. Bordeaux, ISVV, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Grant R Cramer
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada
| | - Andrew J Thompson
- Cranfield Soil an Agrifood Institute, Cranfield University, Bedfordshire, UK
| | - Gregory A Gambetta
- EGFV, Bordeaux-Sciences Agro, INRA, Univ. Bordeaux, ISVV, Villenave d'Ornon, France
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118
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Brodribb TJ, Sussmilch F, McAdam SAM. From reproduction to production, stomata are the master regulators. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2020; 101:756-767. [PMID: 31596990 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.14561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 09/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The best predictor of leaf level photosynthetic rate is the porosity of the leaf surface, as determined by the number and aperture of stomata on the leaf. This remarkable correlation between stomatal porosity (or diffusive conductance to water vapour gs ) and CO2 assimilation rate (A) applies to all major lineages of vascular plants (Figure 1) and is sufficiently predictable that it provides the basis for the model most widely used to predict water and CO2 fluxes from leaves and canopies. Yet the Ball-Berry formulation is only a phenomenological approximation that captures the emergent character of stomatal behaviour. Progressing to a more mechanistic prediction of plant gas exchange is challenging because of the diversity of biological components regulating stomatal action. These processes are the product of more than 400 million years of co-evolution between stomatal, vascular and photosynthetic tissues. Both molecular and structural components link the abiotic world of the whole plant with the turgor pressure of the epidermis and guard cells, which ultimately determine stomatal pore size and porosity to water and CO2 exchange (New Phytol., 168, 2005, 275). In this review we seek to simplify stomatal behaviour by using an evolutionary perspective to understand the principal selective pressures involved in stomatal evolution, thus identifying the primary regulators of stomatal aperture. We start by considering the adaptive process that has locked together the regulation of water and carbon fluxes in vascular plants, finally examining specific evidence for evolution in the proteins responsible for regulating guard cell turgor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy J Brodribb
- School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, 7001, Australia
| | - Frances Sussmilch
- Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, University of Wurzburg, Wuerzburg, Bavaria, Germany
| | - Scott A M McAdam
- Purdue Center for Plant Biology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
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119
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Gupta A, Sinha R, Fernandes JL, Abdelrahman M, Burritt DJ, Tran LSP. Phytohormones regulate convergent and divergent responses between individual and combined drought and pathogen infection. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2020; 40:320-340. [DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2019.1710459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aarti Gupta
- Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | | | - Joel Lars Fernandes
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi, India
| | - Mostafa Abdelrahman
- Arid Land Research Center, Tottori University, Tottori, Japan
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Aswan University, Aswan, Egypt
| | | | - Lam-Son Phan Tran
- Plant Stress Research Group, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
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120
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Durand M, Cohen D, Aubry N, Buré C, Tomášková I, Hummel I, Brendel O, Le Thiec D. Element content and expression of genes of interest in guard cells are connected to spatiotemporal variations in stomatal conductance. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2020; 43:87-102. [PMID: 31423592 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/11/2019] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Element content and expression of genes of interest on single cell types, such as stomata, provide valuable insights into their specific physiology, improving our understanding of leaf gas exchange regulation. We investigated how far differences in stomatal conductance (gs ) can be ascribed to changes in guard cells functioning in amphistomateous leaves. gs was measured during the day on both leaf sides, on well-watered and drought-stressed trees (two Populus euramericana Moench and two Populus nigra L. genotypes). In parallel, guard cells were dissected for element content and gene expressions analyses. Both were strongly arranged according to genotype, and drought had the lowest impact overall. Normalizing the data by genotype highlighted a structure on the basis of leaf sides and time of day both for element content and gene expression. Guard cells magnesium, phosphorus, and chlorine were the most abundant on the abaxial side in the morning, where gs was at the highest. In contrast, genes encoding H+ -ATPase and aquaporins were usually more abundant in the afternoon, whereas genes encoding Ca2+ -vacuolar antiporters, K+ channels, and ABA-related genes were in general more abundant on the adaxial side. Our work highlights the unique physiology of each leaf side and their analogous rhythmicity through the day.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxime Durand
- Inra, Université de Lorraine, AgroParisTech, SILVA, F-54280, Champenoux, France
| | - David Cohen
- Inra, Université de Lorraine, AgroParisTech, SILVA, F-54280, Champenoux, France
| | - Nathalie Aubry
- Inra, Université de Lorraine, AgroParisTech, SILVA, F-54280, Champenoux, France
| | - Cyril Buré
- Inra, Université de Lorraine, AgroParisTech, SILVA, F-54280, Champenoux, France
| | - Ivana Tomášková
- Department of Genetics and Physiology of Forest Trees, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, 165 00, Czech Republic
| | - Irène Hummel
- Inra, Université de Lorraine, AgroParisTech, SILVA, F-54280, Champenoux, France
| | - Oliver Brendel
- Inra, Université de Lorraine, AgroParisTech, SILVA, F-54280, Champenoux, France
| | - Didier Le Thiec
- Inra, Université de Lorraine, AgroParisTech, SILVA, F-54280, Champenoux, France
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121
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McLachlan DH. Systemic signalling, and the synchronization of stomatal response. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2020; 225:5-6. [PMID: 31677356 DOI: 10.1111/nph.16253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Deirdre H McLachlan
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Life Sciences Building, 24 Tyndall Avenue, Bristol, BS8 1TQ, UK
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122
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Chen K, Li GJ, Bressan RA, Song CP, Zhu JK, Zhao Y. Abscisic acid dynamics, signaling, and functions in plants. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 62:25-54. [PMID: 31850654 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.12899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 611] [Impact Index Per Article: 152.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Abscisic acid (ABA) is an important phytohormone regulating plant growth, development, and stress responses. It has an essential role in multiple physiological processes of plants, such as stomatal closure, cuticular wax accumulation, leaf senescence, bud dormancy, seed germination, osmotic regulation, and growth inhibition among many others. Abscisic acid controls downstream responses to abiotic and biotic environmental changes through both transcriptional and posttranscriptional mechanisms. During the past 20 years, ABA biosynthesis and many of its signaling pathways have been well characterized. Here we review the dynamics of ABA metabolic pools and signaling that affects many of its physiological functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kong Chen
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology and CAS Center of Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Guo-Jun Li
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology and CAS Center of Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Ray A Bressan
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Chun-Peng Song
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475001, China
| | - Jian-Kang Zhu
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology and CAS Center of Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Yang Zhao
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology and CAS Center of Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475001, China
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123
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Aliniaeifard S, Shomali A, Seifikalhor M, Lastochkina O. Calcium Signaling in Plants Under Drought. SALT AND DROUGHT STRESS TOLERANCE IN PLANTS 2020:259-298. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-40277-8_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
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124
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David L, Kang J, Chen S. Targeted Metabolomics of Plant Hormones and Redox Metabolites in Stomatal Immunity. Methods Mol Biol 2020; 2085:79-92. [PMID: 31734918 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-0142-6_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Phytohormones and redox metabolites are important molecules in a number of biological processes related to plant growth, development, and stress responses. Understanding how these metabolites are involved in abiotic and biotic stress is a frequent topic of plant biology research. However, many factors, such as low physiological concentrations and the inherent complexity of plant samples, make identification and quantification of these important metabolites difficult. Here, we describe a method for metabolite extraction from whole leaves and guard cell-enriched samples and a targeted metabolomics strategy for the identification and quantification of specific hormone- and redox-related metabolites. In our experiment, we used the reference plant Arabidopsis thaliana infected with the biotrophic pathogen Pseudomonas syringe pv. tomato (Pst) DC3000, and examined the changes in hormone and redox metabolites in systemic leaves, using the targeted metabolomics strategy in order to investigate potential functions of these metabolites in systemic acquired resistance (SAR) during a plant's immune responses. The methods reported here can be expanded to other metabolites and other biological systems beyond plants and bacterial pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa David
- Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.,University of Florida Genetics Institute (UFGI), Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Jianing Kang
- Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.,University of Florida Genetics Institute (UFGI), Gainesville, FL, USA.,College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Sixue Chen
- Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA. .,University of Florida Genetics Institute (UFGI), Gainesville, FL, USA. .,Proteomics and Mass Spectrometry, Interdisciplinary Center for Biotechnology Research (ICBR), University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA. .,Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
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125
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Fu X, Liu H, Hassani D, Peng B, Yan X, Wang Y, Wang C, Li L, Liu P, Pan Q, Zhao J, Qian H, Sun X, Tang K. AaABCG40 Enhances Artemisinin Content and Modulates Drought Tolerance in Artemisia annua. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:950. [PMID: 32676091 PMCID: PMC7333515 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The phytohormone Abscisic acid (ABA) regulates plant growth, development, and responses to abiotic stresses, including senescence, seed germination, cold stress and drought. Several kinds of researches indicate that exogenous ABA can enhance artemisinin content in A. annua. Some transcription factors related to ABA signaling are identified to increase artemisinin accumulation through activating the artemisinin synthase genes. However, no prior study on ABA transporter has been performed in A. annua. Here, we identified a pleiotropic drug resistance (PDR) transporter gene AaPDR4/AaABCG40 from A. annua. AaABCG40 was expressed mainly in roots, leaves, buds, and trichomes. GUS activity is primarily observed in roots and the vascular tissues of young leaves in proAaABCG40: GUS transgenic A. annua plants. When AaABCG40 was transferred into yeast AD12345678, yeasts expressing AaABCG40 accumulated more ABA than the control. The AaABCG40 overexpressing plants showed higher artemisinin content and stronger drought tolerance. Besides, the expression of CYP71AV1 in OE-AaABCG40 plants showed more sensitivity to exogenous ABA than that in both wild-type and iAaABCG40 plants. According to these results, they strongly suggest that AaABCG40 is involved in ABA transport in A. annua.
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126
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Schäfer N, Maierhofer T, Herrmann J, Jørgensen ME, Lind C, von Meyer K, Lautner S, Fromm J, Felder M, Hetherington AM, Ache P, Geiger D, Hedrich R. A Tandem Amino Acid Residue Motif in Guard Cell SLAC1 Anion Channel of Grasses Allows for the Control of Stomatal Aperture by Nitrate. Curr Biol 2019; 28:1370-1379.e5. [PMID: 29706511 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2018.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Revised: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The latest major group of plants to evolve were the grasses. These became important in the mid-Paleogene about 40 million years ago. During evolution, leaf CO2 uptake and transpirational water loss were optimized by the acquisition of grass-specific stomatal complexes. In contrast to the kidney-shaped guard cells (GCs) typical of the dicots such as Arabidopsis, in the grasses and agronomically important cereals, the GCs are dumbbell shaped and are associated with morphologically distinct subsidiary cells (SCs). We studied the molecular basis of GC action in the major cereal crop barley. Upon feeding ABA to xylem sap of an intact barley leaf, stomata closed in a nitrate-dependent manner. This process was initiated by activation of GC SLAC-type anion channel currents. HvSLAC1 expressed in Xenopus oocytes gave rise to S-type anion currents that increased several-fold upon stimulation with >3 mM nitrate. We identified a tandem amino acid residue motif that within the SLAC1 channels differs fundamentally between monocots and dicots. When the motif of nitrate-insensitive dicot Arabidopsis SLAC1 was replaced by the monocot signature, AtSLAC1 converted into a grass-type like nitrate-sensitive channel. Our work reveals a fundamental difference between monocot and dicot GCs and prompts questions into the selective pressures during evolution that resulted in fundamental changes in the regulation of SLAC1 function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadine Schäfer
- Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Julius-von-Sachs-Institute, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Julius-von-Sachs Platz 2, 97082 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Tobias Maierhofer
- Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Julius-von-Sachs-Institute, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Julius-von-Sachs Platz 2, 97082 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Johannes Herrmann
- Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Julius-von-Sachs-Institute, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Julius-von-Sachs Platz 2, 97082 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Morten Egevang Jørgensen
- Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Julius-von-Sachs-Institute, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Julius-von-Sachs Platz 2, 97082 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Christof Lind
- Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Julius-von-Sachs-Institute, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Julius-von-Sachs Platz 2, 97082 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Katharina von Meyer
- Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Julius-von-Sachs-Institute, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Julius-von-Sachs Platz 2, 97082 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Silke Lautner
- Department of Wood Science, University Hamburg, Leuschnerstrasse 91d, 21031 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jörg Fromm
- Department of Wood Science, University Hamburg, Leuschnerstrasse 91d, 21031 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Marius Felder
- Plant Genome and Systems Biology, Helmholtz Center Munich, Ingolstädter Landstrasse 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Alistair M Hetherington
- School of Biological Sciences, Life Sciences Building, University of Bristol, 24 Tyndall Avenue, Bristol BS8 1TQ, UK.
| | - Peter Ache
- Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Julius-von-Sachs-Institute, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Julius-von-Sachs Platz 2, 97082 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Dietmar Geiger
- Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Julius-von-Sachs-Institute, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Julius-von-Sachs Platz 2, 97082 Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Rainer Hedrich
- Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Julius-von-Sachs-Institute, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Julius-von-Sachs Platz 2, 97082 Würzburg, Germany.
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127
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Yan J, Yu H, Li B, Fan A, Melkonian J, Wang X, Zhou T, Hua J. Cell autonomous and non-autonomous functions of plant intracellular immune receptors in stomatal defense and apoplastic defense. PLoS Pathog 2019; 15:e1008094. [PMID: 31652291 PMCID: PMC6834285 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1008094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Stomatal closure defense and apoplastic defense are two major immunity mechanisms restricting the entry and propagation of microbe pathogens in plants. Surprisingly, activation of plant intracellular immune receptor NLR genes, while enhancing whole plant disease resistance, was sometimes linked to a defective stomatal defense in autoimmune mutants. Here we report the use of high temperature and genetic chimera to investigate the inter-dependence of stomatal and apoplastic defenses in autoimmunity. High temperature inhibits both stomatal and apoplastic defenses in the wild type, suppresses constitutive apoplastic defense responses and rescues the deficiency of stomatal closure response in autoimmune mutants. Chimeric plants have been generated to activate NLR only in guard cells or the non-guard cells. NLR activation in guard cells inhibits stomatal closure defense response in a cell autonomous manner likely through repressing ABA responses. At the same time, it leads to increased whole plant resistance accompanied by a slight increase in apoplastic defense. In addition, NLR activation in both guard and non-guard cells affects stomatal aperture and water potential. This study thus reveals that NLR activation has a differential effect on immunity in a cell type specific matter, which adds another layer of immune regulation with spatial information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiapei Yan
- School of Integrative Plant Science, Plant Biology Section, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States of America
| | - Huiyun Yu
- School of Integrative Plant Science, Plant Biology Section, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States of America.,Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Bo Li
- School of Applied Physics and Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States of America
| | - Anqi Fan
- School of Integrative Plant Science, Plant Biology Section, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States of America.,State Key Lab of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jeffrey Melkonian
- School of Integrative Plant Science, Crop and Soil Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States of America
| | - Xiue Wang
- State Key Lab of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tong Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Jian Hua
- School of Integrative Plant Science, Plant Biology Section, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States of America
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128
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Buckley TN. How do stomata respond to water status? THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2019; 224:21-36. [PMID: 31069803 DOI: 10.1111/nph.15899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 195] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Stomatal responses to humidity, soil moisture and other factors that influence plant water status are critical drivers of photosynthesis, productivity, water yield, ecohydrology and climate forcing, yet we still lack a thorough mechanistic understanding of these responses. Here I review historical and recent advances in stomatal water relations. Clear evidence now implicates a metabolically mediated response to leaf water status ('hydroactive feedback') in stomatal responses to evaporative demand and soil drought, possibly involving abscisic acid production in leaves. Other hypothetical mechanisms involving vapor and heat transport within leaves may contribute to humidity, light and temperature responses, but require further theoretical clarification and experimental validation. Variation and dynamics in hydraulic conductance, particularly within leaves, may contribute to water status responses. Continuing research to fully resolve mechanisms of stomatal responses to water status should focus on several areas: validating and quantifying the mechanism of leaf-based hydroactive feedback, identifying where in leaves water status is actively sensed, clarifying the role of leaf vapor and energy transport in humidity and temperature responses, and verifying foundational but minimally replicated results of stomatal hydromechanics across species. Clarity on these matters promises to deliver modelers with a tractable and reliable mechanistic model of stomatal responses to water status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas N Buckley
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
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129
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Dittrich M, Mueller HM, Bauer H, Peirats-Llobet M, Rodriguez PL, Geilfus CM, Carpentier SC, Al Rasheid KAS, Kollist H, Merilo E, Herrmann J, Müller T, Ache P, Hetherington AM, Hedrich R. The role of Arabidopsis ABA receptors from the PYR/PYL/RCAR family in stomatal acclimation and closure signal integration. NATURE PLANTS 2019; 5:1002-1011. [PMID: 31451795 DOI: 10.1038/s41477-019-0490-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Stomata are microscopic pores found on the surfaces of leaves that act to control CO2 uptake and water loss. By integrating information derived from endogenous signals with cues from the surrounding environment, the guard cells, which surround the pore, 'set' the stomatal aperture to suit the prevailing conditions. Much research has concentrated on understanding the rapid intracellular changes that result in immediate changes to the stomatal aperture. In this study, we look instead at how stomata acclimate to longer timescale variations in their environment. We show that the closure-inducing signals abscisic acid (ABA), increased CO2, decreased relative air humidity and darkness each access a unique gene network made up of clusters (or modules) of common cellular processes. However, within these networks some gene clusters are shared amongst all four stimuli. All stimuli modulate the expression of members of the PYR/PYL/RCAR family of ABA receptors. However, they are modulated differentially in a stimulus-specific manner. Of the six members of the PYR/PYL/RCAR family expressed in guard cells, PYL2 is sufficient for guard cell ABA-induced responses, whereas in the responses to CO2, PYL4 and PYL5 are essential. Overall, our work shows the importance of ABA as a central regulator and integrator of long-term changes in stomatal behaviour, including sensitivity, elicited by external signals. Understanding this architecture may aid in breeding crops with improved water and nutrient efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus Dittrich
- Department of Bioinformatics, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Heike M Mueller
- Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Biocenter, University Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Hubert Bauer
- Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Biocenter, University Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Marta Peirats-Llobet
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas-Universidad Politecnica de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- Centre for AgriBioscience, Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Science, School of Life Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - Pedro L Rodriguez
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas-Universidad Politecnica de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Christoph-Martin Geilfus
- Division of Controlled Environment Horticulture, Faculty of Life Sciences, Albrecht Daniel Thaer-Institute of Agricultural and Horticultural Sciences, Humboldt-University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sebastien Christian Carpentier
- SYBIOMA, Proteomics Core Facility, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Division of Crop Biotechnics, Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Hannes Kollist
- Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Ebe Merilo
- Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Johannes Herrmann
- Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Biocenter, University Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Tobias Müller
- Department of Bioinformatics, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Peter Ache
- Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Biocenter, University Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | | | - Rainer Hedrich
- Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Biocenter, University Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
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130
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Dittrich M, Mueller HM, Bauer H, Peirats-Llobet M, Rodriguez PL, Geilfus CM, Carpentier SC, Al Rasheid KAS, Kollist H, Merilo E, Herrmann J, Müller T, Ache P, Hetherington AM, Hedrich R. The role of Arabidopsis ABA receptors from the PYR/PYL/RCAR family in stomatal acclimation and closure signal integration. NATURE PLANTS 2019; 5:1002-1011. [PMID: 31451795 DOI: 10.1038/s41477-019-0490-490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Stomata are microscopic pores found on the surfaces of leaves that act to control CO2 uptake and water loss. By integrating information derived from endogenous signals with cues from the surrounding environment, the guard cells, which surround the pore, 'set' the stomatal aperture to suit the prevailing conditions. Much research has concentrated on understanding the rapid intracellular changes that result in immediate changes to the stomatal aperture. In this study, we look instead at how stomata acclimate to longer timescale variations in their environment. We show that the closure-inducing signals abscisic acid (ABA), increased CO2, decreased relative air humidity and darkness each access a unique gene network made up of clusters (or modules) of common cellular processes. However, within these networks some gene clusters are shared amongst all four stimuli. All stimuli modulate the expression of members of the PYR/PYL/RCAR family of ABA receptors. However, they are modulated differentially in a stimulus-specific manner. Of the six members of the PYR/PYL/RCAR family expressed in guard cells, PYL2 is sufficient for guard cell ABA-induced responses, whereas in the responses to CO2, PYL4 and PYL5 are essential. Overall, our work shows the importance of ABA as a central regulator and integrator of long-term changes in stomatal behaviour, including sensitivity, elicited by external signals. Understanding this architecture may aid in breeding crops with improved water and nutrient efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus Dittrich
- Department of Bioinformatics, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Heike M Mueller
- Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Biocenter, University Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Hubert Bauer
- Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Biocenter, University Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Marta Peirats-Llobet
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas-Universidad Politecnica de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- Centre for AgriBioscience, Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Science, School of Life Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - Pedro L Rodriguez
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas-Universidad Politecnica de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Christoph-Martin Geilfus
- Division of Controlled Environment Horticulture, Faculty of Life Sciences, Albrecht Daniel Thaer-Institute of Agricultural and Horticultural Sciences, Humboldt-University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sebastien Christian Carpentier
- SYBIOMA, Proteomics Core Facility, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Division of Crop Biotechnics, Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Hannes Kollist
- Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Ebe Merilo
- Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Johannes Herrmann
- Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Biocenter, University Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Tobias Müller
- Department of Bioinformatics, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Peter Ache
- Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Biocenter, University Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | | | - Rainer Hedrich
- Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Biocenter, University Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
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131
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Yoshida T, Christmann A, Yamaguchi-Shinozaki K, Grill E, Fernie AR. Revisiting the Basal Role of ABA - Roles Outside of Stress. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 24:625-635. [PMID: 31153771 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2019.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The physiological roles of abscisic acid (ABA) as a stress hormone in plant responses to water shortage, including stomatal regulation and gene expression, have been well documented. However, less attention has been paid to the function of basal ABA synthesized under well-watered conditions in recent studies. In this review, we summarize progress in the understanding of how low concentrations of ABA are perceived at the molecular level and how its signaling affects plant metabolism and growth under nonstressed conditions. We also discuss the dual nature of ABA in acting as an inhibitor and activator of plant growth and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Yoshida
- Max-Planck-Institut für Molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany.
| | - Alexander Christmann
- Lehrstuhl für Botanik, Technische Universität München, D-85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Kazuko Yamaguchi-Shinozaki
- Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 113-8657 Tokyo, Japan
| | - Erwin Grill
- Lehrstuhl für Botanik, Technische Universität München, D-85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Alisdair R Fernie
- Max-Planck-Institut für Molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
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132
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Jiao XC, Song XM, Zhang DL, Du QJ, Li JM. Coordination between vapor pressure deficit and CO 2 on the regulation of photosynthesis and productivity in greenhouse tomato production. Sci Rep 2019; 9:8700. [PMID: 31213627 PMCID: PMC6581957 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-45232-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The high vapor pressure deficit (VPD) in some arid and semi-arid climates creates undesirable conditions for the growth of tomato plants (Solanum lycopersicum L., cv. Jinpeng). The global CO2 concentration ([CO2]) has also risen in recent years to levels above 400 μmol·mol-1. However, the coordinated effect of VPD and [CO2] on tomato plant growth remains unclear, especially at VPDs of 5-6 kPa or even higher that are extremely detrimental to plant growth. Here, we explore the interaction of VPD and [CO2] on plant water status, stomatal characteristics, and gas exchange parameters in summer greenhouses in a semi-arid area. Plants were grown in four adjacent glass greenhouses with different environmental conditions: (i) high VPD + low [CO2] representing natural/control conditions; (ii) high VPD + high [CO2] representing enriched CO2; (iii) low VPD + low [CO2] representing reduced VPD; and (iv) low VPD + high [CO2] representing reduced VPD and enriched CO2. Reducing the VPD alleviated the water stress of the plant and increased the gas exchange area of the leaf, which was beneficial to the entry of CO2 into the leaf. At this time, the increase of [CO2] was more beneficial to promote the photosynthetic rate and then improve the water use efficiency and yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Cong Jiao
- College of Horticulture, Northwest Agriculture & Forest University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiao-Ming Song
- College of Horticulture, Northwest Agriculture & Forest University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Da-Long Zhang
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Qing-Jie Du
- College of Horticulture, Northwest Agriculture & Forest University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jian-Ming Li
- College of Horticulture, Northwest Agriculture & Forest University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China.
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133
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Priya M, Dhanker OP, Siddique KHM, HanumanthaRao B, Nair RM, Pandey S, Singh S, Varshney RK, Prasad PVV, Nayyar H. Drought and heat stress-related proteins: an update about their functional relevance in imparting stress tolerance in agricultural crops. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2019; 132:1607-1638. [PMID: 30941464 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-019-03331-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
We describe here the recent developments about the involvement of diverse stress-related proteins in sensing, signaling, and defending the cells in plants in response to drought or/and heat stress. In the current era of global climate drift, plant growth and productivity are often limited by various environmental stresses, especially drought and heat. Adaptation to abiotic stress is a multigenic process involving maintenance of homeostasis for proper survival under adverse environment. It has been widely observed that a series of proteins respond to heat and drought conditions at both transcriptional and translational levels. The proteins are involved in various signaling events, act as key transcriptional activators and saviors of plants under extreme environments. A detailed insight about the functional aspects of diverse stress-responsive proteins may assist in unraveling various stress resilience mechanisms in plants. Furthermore, by identifying the metabolic proteins associated with drought and heat tolerance, tolerant varieties can be produced through transgenic/recombinant technologies. A large number of regulatory and functional stress-associated proteins are reported to participate in response to heat and drought stresses, such as protein kinases, phosphatases, transcription factors, and late embryogenesis abundant proteins, dehydrins, osmotins, and heat shock proteins, which may be similar or unique to stress treatments. Few studies have revealed that cellular response to combined drought and heat stresses is distinctive, compared to their individual treatments. In this review, we would mainly focus on the new developments about various stress sensors and receptors, transcription factors, chaperones, and stress-associated proteins involved in drought or/and heat stresses, and their possible role in augmenting stress tolerance in crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manu Priya
- Department of Botany, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Om P Dhanker
- Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - Kadambot H M Siddique
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | | | | | - Sarita Pandey
- Center of Excellence in Genomics and Systems Biology, International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, Patancheru, Hyderabad, Telangana, 502324, India
| | - Sadhana Singh
- Center of Excellence in Genomics and Systems Biology, International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, Patancheru, Hyderabad, Telangana, 502324, India
| | - Rajeev K Varshney
- Center of Excellence in Genomics and Systems Biology, International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, Patancheru, Hyderabad, Telangana, 502324, India
| | - P V Vara Prasad
- Sustainable Intensification Innovation Lab, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - Harsh Nayyar
- Department of Botany, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India.
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134
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Min MK, Choi EH, Kim JA, Yoon IS, Han S, Lee Y, Lee S, Kim BG. Two Clade A Phosphatase 2Cs Expressed in Guard Cells Physically Interact With Abscisic Acid Signaling Components to Induce Stomatal Closure in Rice. RICE (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2019; 12:37. [PMID: 31134357 PMCID: PMC6536566 DOI: 10.1186/s12284-019-0297-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The core ABA signaling components functioning in stomatal closure/opening, namely ABA receptors, phosphatases, SnRK2s and SLAC1, are well characterized in Arabidopsis, but their functions in guard cells of rice have not been extensively studied. RESULTS In this study, we confirmed that OsSLAC1, the rice homolog of AtSLAC1, is specifically expressed in rice guard cells. Among the rice SAPKs, SAPK10 was specifically expressed in guard cells. In addition, SAPK10 phosphorylated OsSLAC1 in vitro and transgenic rice overexpressing SAPK10 or OsSLAC1 showed significantly less water loss than control. Thus, those might be major positive signaling components to close stomata in rice. We identified that only OsPP2C50 and OsPP2C53 among 9 OsPP2CAs might be related with stomatal closure/opening signaling based on guard cell specific expression and subcellular localization. Transgenic rice overexpressing OsPP2C50 and OsPP2C53 showed significantly higher water loss than control. We also characterized the interaction networks between OsPP2C50 and OsPP2C53, SAPK10 and OsSLAC1 and found two interaction pathways among those signaling components: a hierarchical interaction pathway that consisted of OsPP2C50 and OsPP2C53, SAPK10 and OsSLAC1; and a branched interaction pathway wherein OsPP2C50 and OsPP2C53 interacted directly with OsSLAC1. CONCLUSION OsPP2C50 and OsPP2C53 is major negative regulators of ABA signaling regarding stomata closing in rice. Those can regulate the OsSLAC1 directly or indirectly thorough SAPK10.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myung Ki Min
- Metabolic Engineering Division, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju, 54875, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Hye Choi
- Metabolic Engineering Division, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju, 54875, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Ae Kim
- Metabolic Engineering Division, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju, 54875, Republic of Korea
| | - In Sun Yoon
- Gene Engineering Division, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju, 54875, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungsu Han
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeongmok Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangho Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Beom-Gi Kim
- Metabolic Engineering Division, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju, 54875, Republic of Korea.
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135
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Pawela A, Banasiak J, Biała W, Martinoia E, Jasiński M. MtABCG20 is an ABA exporter influencing root morphology and seed germination of Medicago truncatula. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2019; 98:511-523. [PMID: 30661269 PMCID: PMC6850635 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.14234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Revised: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Abscisic acid (ABA) integrates internal and external signals to coordinate plant development, growth and architecture. It plays a central role in stomatal closure, and prevents germination of freshly produced seeds and germination of non-dormant seeds under unfavorable circumstances. Here, we describe a Medicago truncatula ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter, MtABCG20, as an ABA exporter present in roots and germinating seeds. In seeds, MtABCG20 was found in the hypocotyl-radicle transition zone of the embryonic axis. Seeds of mtabcg20 plants were more sensitive to ABA upon germination, due to the fact that ABA translocation within mtabcg20 embryos was impaired. Additionally, the mtabcg20 produced fewer lateral roots and formed more nodules compared with wild-type plants in conditions mimicking drought stress. Heterologous expression in Arabidopsis thaliana provided evidence that MtABCG20 is a plasma membrane protein that is likely to form homodimers. Moreover, export of ABA from Nicotiana tabacum BY2 cells expressing MtABCG20 was faster than in the BY2 without MtABCG20. Our results have implications both in legume crop research and determination of the fundamental molecular processes involved in drought response and germination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Pawela
- Department of Plant Molecular PhysiologyInstitute of Bioorganic ChemistryPolish Academy of SciencesPoznanPoland
| | - Joanna Banasiak
- Department of Plant Molecular PhysiologyInstitute of Bioorganic ChemistryPolish Academy of SciencesPoznanPoland
| | - Wanda Biała
- Department of Plant Molecular PhysiologyInstitute of Bioorganic ChemistryPolish Academy of SciencesPoznanPoland
| | - Enrico Martinoia
- Department of Plant and Microbial BiologyUniversity of Zurich8008ZurichSwitzerland
| | - Michał Jasiński
- Department of Plant Molecular PhysiologyInstitute of Bioorganic ChemistryPolish Academy of SciencesPoznanPoland
- Department of Biochemistry and BiotechnologyPoznan University of Life SciencesPoznanPoland
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136
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Scharwies JD, Dinneny JR. Water transport, perception, and response in plants. JOURNAL OF PLANT RESEARCH 2019; 132:311-324. [PMID: 30747327 DOI: 10.1007/s10265-019-01089-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Sufficient water availability in the environment is critical for plant survival. Perception of water by plants is necessary to balance water uptake and water loss and to control plant growth. Plant physiology and soil science research have contributed greatly to our understanding of how water moves through soil, is taken up by roots, and moves to leaves where it is lost to the atmosphere by transpiration. Water uptake from the soil is affected by soil texture itself and soil water content. Hydraulic resistances for water flow through soil can be a major limitation for plant water uptake. Changes in water supply and water loss affect water potential gradients inside plants. Likewise, growth creates water potential gradients. It is known that plants respond to changes in these gradients. Water flow and loss are controlled through stomata and regulation of hydraulic conductance via aquaporins. When water availability declines, water loss is limited through stomatal closure and by adjusting hydraulic conductance to maintain cell turgor. Plants also adapt to changes in water supply by growing their roots towards water and through refinements to their root system architecture. Mechanosensitive ion channels, aquaporins, proteins that sense the cell wall and cell membrane environment, and proteins that change conformation in response to osmotic or turgor changes could serve as putative sensors. Future research is required to better understand processes in the rhizosphere during soil drying and how plants respond to spatial differences in water availability. It remains to be investigated how changes in water availability and water loss affect different tissues and cells in plants and how these biophysical signals are translated into chemical signals that feed into signaling pathways like abscisic acid response or organ development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Daniel Scharwies
- Department of Plant Biology, Carnegie Institution for Science, 260 Panama Street, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, 371 Serra Mall, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - José R Dinneny
- Department of Plant Biology, Carnegie Institution for Science, 260 Panama Street, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, 371 Serra Mall, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
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137
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Cardoso AA, McAdam SAM. Misleading conclusions from exogenous ABA application: a cautionary tale about the evolution of stomatal responses to changes in leaf water status. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2019; 14:1610307. [PMID: 31032706 PMCID: PMC6619974 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2019.1610307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Revised: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Stomatal responses to changes in leaf water status are critical for minimizing excessive water loss during soil drought. A major debate has surrounded the evolution of stomatal responses to water status and this debate has particularly focused on the evolution of the regulatory role of the drought hormone abscisic acid (ABA). Studies relying on the application of high levels of exogenous ABA have occasionally concluded that all stomata respond to ABA and that stomatal regulation in response to this hormone has not evolved over the past 450 million years. In contrast, studies which have investigated stomatal function in intact plants, as well as the role of endogenous ABA in regulating stomatal aperture, have found major evolutionary transitions in the functional regulation of stomata across land plant lineages. We show that endogenous ABA plays no role in closing the stomata of the fern Nephrolepis exaltata during natural soil drought, in contrast to a recent finding using isolated epidermis and exceptionally high levels of exogenous ABA. We conclude that stomatal behavior in intact plants has evolved over time, and may have shaped the evolutionary and ecological success of successive land plant lineages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda A. Cardoso
- Purdue Center for Plant Biology, Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Scott A. M. McAdam
- Purdue Center for Plant Biology, Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
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138
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Yaaran A, Negin B, Moshelion M. Role of guard-cell ABA in determining steady-state stomatal aperture and prompt vapor-pressure-deficit response. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 281:31-40. [PMID: 30824059 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2018.12.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Revised: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Abscisic acid (ABA) is known to be involved in stomatal closure. However, its role in stomatal response to rapid increases in the vapor pressure deficit (VPD) is unclear. To study this issue, we generated guard cell-specific ABA-insensitive Arabidopsis plants (guard-cell specific abi1-1; GCabi). Under non-stressed conditions, the stomatal conductance (gs) and apertures of GCabi plants were greater than those of control plants. This supports guard-cell ABA role as limiting steady-state stomatal aperture under non-stressful conditions. When there was a rapid increase in VPD (0.15 to 1 kPa), the gs and stomatal apertures of GCabi decreased in a manner similar that observed in the WT control, but different from that observed in WT plants treated with fusicoccin. Low VPD increased the size of the stomatal apertures of the WT, but not of GCabi. We conclude that guard-cell ABA does not play a significant role in the initial, rapid stomatal closure that occurs in response to an increase in VPD, but is important for stomatal adaptation to ambient VPD. We propose a biphasic angiosperm VPD-sensing model that includes an initial ABA-independent phase and a subsequent ABA-dependent steady-state phase in which stomatal behavior is optimized for ambient VPD conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adi Yaaran
- Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Robert H. Smith Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, 76100, Israel.
| | - Boaz Negin
- Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Robert H. Smith Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, 76100, Israel.
| | - Menachem Moshelion
- Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Robert H. Smith Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, 76100, Israel.
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139
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Sussmilch FC, Schultz J, Hedrich R, Roelfsema MRG. Acquiring Control: The Evolution of Stomatal Signalling Pathways. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 24:342-351. [PMID: 30797685 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2019.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Revised: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
In vascular plants, stomata balance two opposing functions: they open to facilitate CO2 uptake and close to prevent excessive water loss. Here, we discuss the evolution of three major signalling pathways that are known to control stomatal movements in angiosperms in response to light, CO2, and abscisic acid (ABA). We examine the evolutionary origins of key signalling genes involved in these pathways, and compare their expression patterns between an angiosperm and moss. We propose that variation in stomatal sensitivity to stimuli between plant groups are rooted in differences in: (i) gene presence/absence, (ii) specificity of gene spatial expression pattern, and (iii) protein characteristics and functional interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frances C Sussmilch
- Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, University of Würzburg, D-97082 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Jörg Schultz
- Center for Computational and Theoretical Biology, University of Würzburg, D-97218 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Rainer Hedrich
- Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, University of Würzburg, D-97082 Würzburg, Germany
| | - M Rob G Roelfsema
- Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, University of Würzburg, D-97082 Würzburg, Germany.
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140
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Guo T, Wang N, Xue Y, Guan Q, van Nocker S, Liu C, Ma F. Overexpression of the RNA binding protein MhYTP1 in transgenic apple enhances drought tolerance and WUE by improving ABA level under drought condition. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 280:397-407. [PMID: 30824018 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2018.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Revised: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
MhYTP1 is involved in post-transcriptional regulation as a member of YT521-homology (YTH) domain-containing RNA-binding proteins. We previously cloned MhYTP1 and found it participated in various biotic and abiotic stress responses. However, its function in long-term moderate drought has not been verified. Thus, we explored its biological role in response to drought. Under drought condition, the net photosynthesis rate (Pn) and water use efficiency (WUE) were significantly elevated in MhYTP1-overexpressing (OE) apple plants when compared with the non-transgenic (NT) controls. Further analysis indicated MhYTP1 expression was associated with elevated ABA content, increased stomatal density and reduced stomatal aperture. In addition, to gain insight into the function of stem-specific expression of MhYTP1, grafting experiments were performed. Interestingly, lower transpiration rate (Tr) and higher WUE were observed when transgenic plants were used as scions as opposed to rootstocks and when transgenic rather than NT plants were used as rootstocks, indicating MhYTP1 plays crucial roles in grafted plants. These results define a function for MhYTP1 in promoting tolerance to drought conditions, and suggest that MhYTP1 can serve as a candidate gene for future apple drought resistance breeding with the help of biotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianli Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Na Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yangchun Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qingmei Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Steven van Nocker
- Department of Horticulture, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Changhai Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Fengwang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
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141
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Pei L, Peng L, Wan X, Xiong J, Liu Z, Li X, Yang Y, Wang J. Expression Pattern and Function Analysis of AtPPRT1, a Novel Negative Regulator in ABA and Drought Stress Responses in Arabidopsis. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E394. [PMID: 30658512 PMCID: PMC6358930 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20020394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Revised: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Abscisic acid (ABA) plays a fundamental role in plant growth and development, as well as in the responses to abiotic stresses. Previous studies have revealed that many components in ABA and drought stress signaling pathways are ubiquitinated by E3 ligases. In this study, AtPPRT1, a putative C3HC4 zinc-finger ubiquitin E3 ligase, was explored for its role in abiotic stress response in Arabidopsis thaliana. The expression of AtPPRT1 was induced by ABA. In addition, the β-glucuronidase (GUS) gene driven by the AtPPRT1 promoter was more active in the root hair zone and root tips of primary and major lateral roots of young seedlings in the presence of ABA. The assays for seed germination, stomatal aperture, root length, and water deficit demonstrated that the AtPPRT1-overexpressing Arabidopsis was insensitive to ABA and sensitive to drought stress compared with wild-type (WT) plants. The analysis by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) revealed that the expression of three stress-inducible genes (AtRAB18, AtERD10, and AtKIN1) were upregulated in the atpprt1 mutant and downregulated in AtPPRT1-overexpressing plants, while two ABA hydrolysis genes (AtCYP707A1 and AtCYP707A3) were downregulated in the atpprt1 mutant and upregulated in AtPPRT1-overexpressing plants in the presence of ABA. AtPPRT1 was localized in the mitochondria. Our findings indicate that AtPPRT1 plays a negative role in ABA and drought stress responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linsen Pei
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
| | - Lu Peng
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
| | - Xia Wan
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
| | - Jie Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
| | - Zhibin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
| | - Xufeng Li
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
| | - Yi Yang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
| | - Jianmei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
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142
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Ceciliato PHO, Zhang J, Liu Q, Shen X, Hu H, Liu C, Schäffner AR, Schroeder JI. Intact leaf gas exchange provides a robust method for measuring the kinetics of stomatal conductance responses to abscisic acid and other small molecules in Arabidopsis and grasses. PLANT METHODS 2019; 15:38. [PMID: 31019545 PMCID: PMC6472101 DOI: 10.1186/s13007-019-0423-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Guard cells perceive external and internal stimuli and regulate stomatal conductance in plants. With the use of gas exchange analyzers, time-resolved stomatal conductance responses to light intensity, [CO2] concentration and relative humidity changes can be measured. This is more difficult to achieve when measuring stomatal responses to small soluble molecules such as the plant hormone abscisic acid (ABA) or the bacterial peptide flagellin 22 (flg22), in particular when investigating mutants with response phenotypes. RESULTS A method to evaluate the dynamic effects of small molecules on stomatal conductance in a time-resolved fashion using gas exchange analyzers is presented here. ABA-induced stomatal closure was investigated by adding ABA to the transpiration stream of intact leaves placed in a microcentrifuge tube containing water. Strong ABA responses were resolved in time- and in a dose-dependent manner in wild-type Arabidopsis leaves, whereas the same response was not observed in leaves of the ABA-insensitive mutant open stomata 1-3 (ost1-3). Moreover, when leaves of the Plasma membrane Intrinsic Protein (PIP) aquaporin quadruple mutant pip1;1 pip1;2 pip2;1 pip2;2 were tested, robust wild-type-like responses to ABA were observed. When the bacterial peptide flg22 was added to the transpiration stream of intact wild-type leaves, a strong flg22-induced stomatal closure effect was observed. Finally, the proposed technique was further developed and optimized for evaluation of stomatal conductance responses to small molecules in leaves of grasses using the reference plant Brachypodium distachyon. CONCLUSIONS Due to the variable size of stomata in Arabidopsis and the limited dynamic response of stomata in isolated epidermal strips, evaluation of the effect of small molecules on stomatal physiology has been challenging and has led in some cases to inconsistent results. Moreover, potential signals from the mesophyll are missing when using epidermal peels to evaluate stomatal aperture responses. Here we propose a less invasive technique which allows for time-resolved measurements of stomatal conductance responses to small molecules optimized for both Arabidopsis and Brachypodium distachyon leaves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo H. O. Ceciliato
- Cell and Developmental Biology Section, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0116 USA
| | - Jingbo Zhang
- Cell and Developmental Biology Section, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0116 USA
| | - Qing Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China
| | - Xin Shen
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China
| | - Honghong Hu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China
| | - Chen Liu
- Biochemical Plant Pathology, Department of Environmental Sciences, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
| | - Anton R. Schäffner
- Biochemical Plant Pathology, Department of Environmental Sciences, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
| | - Julian I. Schroeder
- Cell and Developmental Biology Section, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0116 USA
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143
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Kollist H, Zandalinas SI, Sengupta S, Nuhkat M, Kangasjärvi J, Mittler R. Rapid Responses to Abiotic Stress: Priming the Landscape for the Signal Transduction Network. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 24:25-37. [PMID: 30401516 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2018.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Revised: 10/07/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Plants grow and reproduce within a highly dynamic environment that can see abrupt changes in conditions, such as light intensity, temperature, humidity, or interactions with biotic agents. Recent studies revealed that plants can respond within seconds to some of these conditions, engaging many different metabolic and molecular networks, as well as rapidly altering their stomatal aperture. Some of these rapid responses were further shown to propagate throughout the entire plant via waves of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and Ca2+ that are possibly mediated through the plant vascular system. Here, we propose that the integration of these signals is mediated through pulses of gene expression that are coordinated throughout the plant in a systemic manner by the ROS/Ca+2 waves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannes Kollist
- Plant Signal Research Group, Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Tartu 50411, Estonia
| | - Sara I Zandalinas
- The Division of Plant Sciences, College of Agriculture, Food and Natural Resources, Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65201, USA; The Department of Surgery, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65201, USA
| | - Soham Sengupta
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76203-5017, USA
| | - Maris Nuhkat
- Plant Signal Research Group, Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Tartu 50411, Estonia
| | - Jaakko Kangasjärvi
- Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ron Mittler
- The Division of Plant Sciences, College of Agriculture, Food and Natural Resources, Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65201, USA; The Department of Surgery, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65201, USA.
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144
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Förster S, Schmidt LK, Kopic E, Anschütz U, Huang S, Schlücking K, Köster P, Waadt R, Larrieu A, Batistič O, Rodriguez PL, Grill E, Kudla J, Becker D. Wounding-Induced Stomatal Closure Requires Jasmonate-Mediated Activation of GORK K+ Channels by a Ca2+ Sensor-Kinase CBL1-CIPK5 Complex. Dev Cell 2019; 48:87-99.e6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2018.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Revised: 05/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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145
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Nieves-Cordones M, García-Sánchez F, Pérez-Pérez JG, Colmenero-Flores JM, Rubio F, Rosales MA. Coping With Water Shortage: An Update on the Role of K +, Cl -, and Water Membrane Transport Mechanisms on Drought Resistance. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:1619. [PMID: 31921262 PMCID: PMC6934057 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Drought is now recognized as the abiotic stress that causes most problems in agriculture, mainly due to the strong water demand from intensive culture and the effects of climate change, especially in arid/semi-arid areas. When plants suffer from water deficit (WD), a plethora of negative physiological alterations such as cell turgor loss, reduction of CO2 net assimilation rate, oxidative stress damage, and nutritional imbalances, among others, can lead to a decrease in the yield production and loss of commercial quality. Nutritional imbalances in plants grown under drought stress occur by decreasing water uptake and leaf transpiration, combined by alteration of nutrient uptake and long-distance transport processes. Plants try to counteract these effects by activating drought resistance mechanisms. Correct accumulation of salts and water constitutes an important portion of these mechanisms, in particular of those related to the cell osmotic adjustment and function of stomata. In recent years, molecular insights into the regulation of K+, Cl-, and water transport under drought have been gained. Therefore, this article brings an update on this topic. Moreover, agronomical practices that ameliorate drought symptoms of crops by improving nutrient homeostasis will also be presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Nieves-Cordones
- Departamento de Nutrición Vegetal, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura–CSIC, Murcia, Spain
- *Correspondence: Manuel Nieves-Cordones,
| | - Francisco García-Sánchez
- Departamento de Nutrición Vegetal, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura–CSIC, Murcia, Spain
| | - Juan G. Pérez-Pérez
- Centro para el Desarrollo de la Agricultura Sostenible (CDAS), Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Agrarias (IVIA), Valencia, Spain
| | - Jose M. Colmenero-Flores
- Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Sevilla, Spain
| | - Francisco Rubio
- Departamento de Nutrición Vegetal, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura–CSIC, Murcia, Spain
| | - Miguel A. Rosales
- Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Sevilla, Spain
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146
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Geilfus CM, Lan J, Carpentier S. Dawn regulates guard cell proteins in Arabidopsis thaliana that function in ATP production from fatty acid beta-oxidation. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2018; 98:525-543. [PMID: 30392160 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-018-0794-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/28/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Based on the nature of the proteins that are altered in abundance, we conclude that guard cells switch their energy source from fatty acid metabolism to chloroplast activity, at the onset of dawn. During stomatal opening at dawn, evidence was recently presented for a breakdown and liquidation of stored triacylglycerols in guard cells to supply ATP for use in stomatal opening. However, proteome changes that happen in the guard cells during dawn were until now poorly understood. Bad accessibility to pure and intact guard cell samples can be considered as the primary reason behind this lack of knowledge. To overcome these technical constraints, epidermal guard cell samples with ruptured pavement cells were isolated at 1 h pre-dawn, 15 min post-dawn and 1 h post-dawn from Arabidopsis thaliana. Proteomic changes were analysed by ultra-performance-liquid-chromatography-mass-spectrometry. With 994 confidently identified proteins, we present the first analysis of the A. thaliana guard cell proteome that is not influenced by side effects of guard cell protoplasting. Data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD009918. By elucidating the identities of enzymes that change in abundance by the transition from dark to light, we corroborate the hypothesis that respiratory ATP production for stomatal opening results from fatty acid beta-oxidation. Moreover, we identified many proteins that were never reported in the context of guard cell biology. Among them are proteins that might play a role in signalling or circadian rhythm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph-Martin Geilfus
- Division of Controlled Environment Horticulture, Faculty of Life Sciences, Albrecht Daniel Thaer-Institute of Agricultural and Horticultural Sciences, Humboldt-University of Berlin, Albrecht-Thaer-Weg 1, 14195, Berlin, Germany.
- Proteomics Core Facility, SYBIOMA, KU Leuven, O&N II Herestraat 49 - bus 901, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Jue Lan
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Life Sciences Building, 24 Tyndall Avenue, Bristol, BS8 1TQ, UK
| | - Sebastien Carpentier
- Proteomics Core Facility, SYBIOMA, KU Leuven, O&N II Herestraat 49 - bus 901, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
- Division of Crop Biotechnics, Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, Willem de Croylaan 42 - Box 2455, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
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147
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Tõldsepp K, Zhang J, Takahashi Y, Sindarovska Y, Hõrak H, Ceciliato PHO, Koolmeister K, Wang YS, Vaahtera L, Jakobson L, Yeh CY, Park J, Brosche M, Kollist H, Schroeder JI. Mitogen-activated protein kinases MPK4 and MPK12 are key components mediating CO 2 -induced stomatal movements. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2018; 96:1018-1035. [PMID: 30203878 PMCID: PMC6261798 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.14087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Revised: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Respiration in leaves and the continued elevation in the atmospheric CO2 concentration cause CO2 -mediated reduction in stomatal pore apertures. Several mutants have been isolated for which stomatal responses to both abscisic acid (ABA) and CO2 are simultaneously defective. However, there are only few mutations that impair the stomatal response to elevated CO2 , but not to ABA. Such mutants are invaluable in unraveling the molecular mechanisms of early CO2 signal transduction in guard cells. Recently, mutations in the mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase, MPK12, have been shown to partially impair CO2 -induced stomatal closure. Here, we show that mpk12 plants, in which MPK4 is stably silenced specifically in guard cells (mpk12 mpk4GC homozygous double-mutants), completely lack CO2 -induced stomatal responses and have impaired activation of guard cell S-type anion channels in response to elevated CO2 /bicarbonate. However, ABA-induced stomatal closure, S-type anion channel activation and ABA-induced marker gene expression remain intact in the mpk12 mpk4GC double-mutants. These findings suggest that MPK12 and MPK4 act very early in CO2 signaling, upstream of, or parallel to the convergence of CO2 and ABA signal transduction. The activities of MPK4 and MPK12 protein kinases were not directly modulated by CO2 /bicarbonate in vitro, suggesting that they are not direct CO2 /bicarbonate sensors. Further data indicate that MPK4 and MPK12 have distinguishable roles in Arabidopsis and that the previously suggested role of RHC1 in stomatal CO2 signaling is minor, whereas MPK4 and MPK12 act as key components of early stomatal CO2 signal transduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kadri Tõldsepp
- Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Tartu, 50411, Estonia
| | - Jingbo Zhang
- Division of Biological Sciences, Cell and Developmental Biology Section, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0116, USA
| | - Yohei Takahashi
- Division of Biological Sciences, Cell and Developmental Biology Section, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0116, USA
| | - Yana Sindarovska
- Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Tartu, 50411, Estonia
| | - Hanna Hõrak
- Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Tartu, 50411, Estonia
| | - Paulo H O Ceciliato
- Division of Biological Sciences, Cell and Developmental Biology Section, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0116, USA
| | | | - Yuh-Shuh Wang
- Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Tartu, 50411, Estonia
| | - Lauri Vaahtera
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, Viikki Plant Science Centre, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 65 (Viikinkaari 1), Helsinki, FI-00014, Finland
| | - Liina Jakobson
- Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Tartu, 50411, Estonia
| | - Chung-Yueh Yeh
- Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Tartu, 50411, Estonia
| | - Jiyoung Park
- Division of Biological Sciences, Cell and Developmental Biology Section, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0116, USA
| | - Mikael Brosche
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, Viikki Plant Science Centre, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 65 (Viikinkaari 1), Helsinki, FI-00014, Finland
| | - Hannes Kollist
- Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Tartu, 50411, Estonia
| | - Julian I Schroeder
- Division of Biological Sciences, Cell and Developmental Biology Section, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0116, USA
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148
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Hedrich R, Shabala S. Stomata in a saline world. CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY 2018; 46:87-95. [PMID: 30138845 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2018.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Revised: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Salt stress results in a dramatic increase in ABA biosynthesis, H2O2 accumulation, and reduced K+ availability in the shoot. Each of these factors leads to stomata closure, so reducing CO2 assimilation and imposing yield penalties. However, halophytes, naturally salt tolerant plant species, flourish under saline conditions that would cause massive yield penalties in glycophytic crops. Is there anything special about the stomata of halophytes, why is guard cell function in these salt tolerant species not affected by the above factors? This opinion paper addresses these questions by providing a comprehensive assessment of the molecular identity and operational modes of major plasma membrane transporters that mediate stomata movements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rainer Hedrich
- Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, University Wuerzburg, D-97070 Wuerzburg, Germany; Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, College of Science and Engineering, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tas 7001, Australia.
| | - Sergey Shabala
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, College of Science and Engineering, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tas 7001, Australia; Department of Horticulture, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China.
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149
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van Wijk R, Zhang Q, Zarza X, Lamers M, Marquez FR, Guardia A, Scuffi D, García-Mata C, Ligterink W, Haring MA, Laxalt AM, Munnik T. Role for Arabidopsis PLC7 in Stomatal Movement, Seed Mucilage Attachment, and Leaf Serration. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:1721. [PMID: 30542361 PMCID: PMC6278229 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.01721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Phospholipase C (PLC) has been suggested to play important roles in plant stress and development. To increase our understanding of PLC signaling in plants, we have started to analyze knock-out (KO), knock-down (KD) and overexpression mutants of Arabidopsis thaliana, which contains nine PLCs. Earlier, we characterized PLC2, PLC3 and PLC5. Here, the role of PLC7 is functionally addressed. Promoter-GUS analyses revealed that PLC7 is specifically expressed in the phloem of roots, leaves and flowers, and is also present in trichomes and hydathodes. Two T-DNA insertion mutants were obtained, i.e., plc7-3 being a KO- and plc7-4 a KD line. In contrast to earlier characterized phloem-expressed PLC mutants, i.e., plc3 and plc5, no defects in primary- or lateral root development were found for plc7 mutants. Like plc3 mutants, they were less sensitive to ABA during stomatal closure. Double-knockout plc3 plc7 lines were lethal, but plc5 plc7 (plc5/7) double mutants were viable, and revealed several new phenotypes, not observed earlier in the single mutants. These include a defect in seed mucilage, enhanced leaf serration, and an increased tolerance to drought. Overexpression of PLC7 enhanced drought tolerance too, similar to what was earlier found for PLC3-and PLC5 overexpression. In vivo 32Pi-labeling of seedlings and treatment with sorbitol to mimic drought stress, revealed stronger PIP2 responses in both drought-tolerant plc5/7 and PLC7-OE mutants. Together, these results show novel functions for PLC in plant stress and development. Potential molecular mechanisms are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ringo van Wijk
- Section Plant Physiology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Section Plant Cell Biology, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences (SILS), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Qianqian Zhang
- Section Plant Physiology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Section Plant Cell Biology, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences (SILS), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Xavier Zarza
- Section Plant Physiology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Section Plant Cell Biology, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences (SILS), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Mart Lamers
- Section Plant Physiology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | | | - Aisha Guardia
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas (IIB-CONICET-UNMdP), Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - Denise Scuffi
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas (IIB-CONICET-UNMdP), Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - Carlos García-Mata
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas (IIB-CONICET-UNMdP), Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - Wilco Ligterink
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Michel A. Haring
- Section Plant Physiology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Ana M. Laxalt
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas (IIB-CONICET-UNMdP), Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - Teun Munnik
- Section Plant Physiology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Section Plant Cell Biology, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences (SILS), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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150
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Takeda S, Ochiai K, Kagaya Y, Egusa W, Morimoto H, Sakazono S, Osaka M, Nabemoto M, Suzuki G, Watanabe M, Suwabe K. Abscisic acid-mediated developmental flexibility of stigmatic papillae in response to ambient humidity in Arabidopsis thaliana. Genes Genet Syst 2018; 93:209-220. [PMID: 30473573 DOI: 10.1266/ggs.18-00025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Stigmatic papillae develop at the apex of the gynoecium and play an important role as a site of pollination. The papillae in Brassicaceae are of the dry and unicellular type, and more than 15,000 genes are expressed in the papillae; however, the molecular and physiological mechanisms of their development remain unknown. We found that the papillae in Arabidopsis thaliana change their length in response to altered ambient humidity: papillae of flowers incubated under high humidity elongated more than those under normal humidity conditions. Genetic analysis and transcriptome data suggest that an abscisic acid-mediated abiotic stress response mechanism regulates papilla length. Our data suggest a flexible regulation of papilla elongation at the post-anthesis stage, in response to abiotic stress, as an adaptation to environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seiji Takeda
- Laboratory of Cell and Genome Biology, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University.,Laboratory of Cell and Genome Biology, Biotechnology Research Department, Kyoto Prefectural Agriculture Forestry and Fisheries Technology Center
| | - Kohki Ochiai
- Laboratory of Cell and Genome Biology, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University
| | - Yasuaki Kagaya
- Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics, Life Science Research Center, Mie University.,Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics, Graduate School of Regional Innovation Studies, Mie University
| | - Wataru Egusa
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Breeding, Graduate School of Bioresources, Mie University
| | - Hiroaki Morimoto
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Breeding, Graduate School of Bioresources, Mie University
| | - Satomi Sakazono
- Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University
| | - Masaaki Osaka
- Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University
| | - Moe Nabemoto
- Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University
| | - Go Suzuki
- Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Division of Natural Science, Osaka Kyoiku University
| | - Masao Watanabe
- Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University
| | - Keita Suwabe
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Breeding, Graduate School of Bioresources, Mie University
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