101
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Wang H, Wang M, Xia Z. Overexpression of a maize SUMO conjugating enzyme gene (ZmSCE1e) increases Sumoylation levels and enhances salt and drought tolerance in transgenic tobacco. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 281:113-121. [PMID: 30824044 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2019.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Revised: 01/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
As an essential regulatory process of post-translational modifications, Sumoylation has been shown to play a central role in stress responses in higher plants. However, the mechanisms underlying the involvement of the Sumoylation in stress responses in crops are largely unknown. In this study, a putative SUMO conjugating enzyme ortholog from Zea mays (ZmSCE1e) was isolated. Sequence alignments and phylogenetic analysis showed that ZmSCE1e possesses a central active domain similar to known SCE1 proteins, but is the cereal-specific isoform.The transcript levels of ZmSCE1e were markedly up-regulated by salt or drought stress. Over-expression of ZmSCE1e in tobacco plants increased levels of SUMO conjugates and enhanced their tolerances to salt and drought stresses. ZmSCE1e-transgenic plants showed higher activities of key antioxidant enzymes but lower hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and malondialdehyde (MDA) accumulations under salt or drought stress. Furthermore, expression of several stress defense genes was significantly elevated as revealed by qPCR in the ZmSCE1e-transgenic lines. Together, these data have demonstrated that ZmSCE1e improved salt and drought tolerance likely by modulating Sumoylation levels, antioxidant capability, and stress defense gene expression in transgenic plants. This study may facilitate our understanding of the biological roles of SCE-mediated Sumoylation under stress conditions in higher plants and accelerate genetic improvement of crop plants tolerant to environmental stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanyan Wang
- College of Life Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, PR China
| | - Meiping Wang
- Library of Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, PR China
| | - Zongliang Xia
- College of Life Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, PR China.
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102
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Sun K, Wang H, Xia Z. The maize bHLH transcription factor bHLH105 confers manganese tolerance in transgenic tobacco. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 280:97-109. [PMID: 30824033 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2018.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Revised: 11/03/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Manganese (Mn) toxicity is an important limiting factor for crop production in acidic soils. The basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factors are involved in a variety of physiological processes. However, whether the bHLHs are involved in excess Mn stress response is largely unknown. Here, we report the functional characterization of ZmbHLH105 isolated from maize (Zea mays). The transcript levels of ZmbHLH105 were higher in leaves, and were markedly up-regulated under excess Mn stress in maize. ZmbHLH105 was localized in the nucleus with transactivation activity. Ectopic expression of ZmbHLH105 enhanced Mn tolerance in Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells. ZmbHLH105-overexpressing (OE) plants showed improved excess Mn tolerance in transgenic tobacco. The stress-tolerant phenotypes of these OE tobacco lines were accompanied by increases of key antioxidant enzyme activities, but decreases of reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulations. Importantly, the OE plants had less increases than the wild-type in toxic Mn accumulation. Moreover, the transcript levels of Mn/Fe-related transporters in the OE lines displayed remarkable decreases compared with the wild-type under Mn stress, suggesting that ZmbHLH105 reduced Mn accumulation in plants largely by repressing expression of Mn/Fe-regulated transporter genes. Taken together, these results indicate that ZmbHLH105 confers improved Mn stress tolerance possibly by regulating antioxidant machinery-mediated ROS scavenging and expression of Mn/Fe-related transporters in plants. ZmbHLH105 could be exploited for developing drought-tolerant maize varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaile Sun
- College of Life Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, PR China
| | - Huanyan Wang
- College of Life Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, PR China
| | - Zongliang Xia
- College of Life Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops and Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Zhengzhou 450002, PR China.
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103
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Gao Y, Cui Y, Long R, Sun Y, Zhang T, Yang Q, Kang J. Salt-stress induced proteomic changes of two contrasting alfalfa cultivars during germination stage. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2019; 99:1384-1396. [PMID: 30144052 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.9331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2018] [Revised: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 08/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), the primary forage crop throughout the world, is sensitive to salt stress during the germination stage. To investigate the response of alfalfa to salt stress, a comprehensive proteomic analysis was performed comparing alfalfa cultivars that differ in salinity tolerance in the early seedling. RESULTS Five cultivars were examined for salt tolerance, and the most salt-tolerant cultivar, ZhongmuNo.3, and the most salt-sensitive cultivar, Daxiyang, were compared in terms of their physiological and proteomic responses. The two alfalfa cultivars seeds were exposed to 0 mmolL-1 or 200 mmolL-1 NaCl salt treatment for 10 days. Salt stress significantly reduced young seedling growth and the cotyledons' chlorophyll content; meanwhile, it increased the cotyledons' H2 O2 and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, all of which were less adversely affected in ZhongmuNo.3 than in Daxiyang. A total of 51 spots (24 and 27 protein spots in the salt-sensitive and salt-tolerant cultivars, respectively) were identified as significantly differentially expressed using two-dimensional electrophoresis analysis. The proteins that were associated with salt tolerance included antioxidants/detoxifying enzymes, molecular chaperones, energy metabolic enzymes, a secondary metabolic enzyme, and pathogenesis-related proteins. CONCLUSIONS Under salt stress, ZhongmuNo.3 possessed a higher capacity for reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging, a more abundant energy supply, and stronger photosynthesis than the salt-sensitive cultivar Daxiyang, and these physiological processes may be the primary contributors to salt tolerance in ZhongmuNo.3. These advanced proteome data expand our knowledge of the physiology of the response of alfalfa to salt stress, providing a potentially valuable foundation for molecular breeding to enhance salt tolerance. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanli Gao
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yanjun Cui
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ruicai Long
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Sun
- Department of Grass and ForageScience, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Tiejun Zhang
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qingchuan Yang
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Junmei Kang
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
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104
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Kaya C, Akram NA, Ashraf M. Influence of exogenously applied nitric oxide on strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa) plants grown under iron deficiency and/or saline stress. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2019; 165:247-263. [PMID: 30091474 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.12818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Revised: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
A study was carried out to assess the protective effects of exogenously applied nitric oxide (NO) in the form of its donor sodium nitroprusside (SNP) to strawberry seedlings (Fragaria × ananassa cv. Camarosa) grown under iron deficiency (ID), salinity stress or combination of both. The experimental design contained control, 0.1 mM FeSO4 (ID, Fe deficiency); 50 mM NaCl (S, Salinity) and ID + S. Plants were sprayed with 0.1 mM SNP or 0.1 mM sodium ferrocyanide, an analogue of SNP containing no NO. The deleterious effects of ID + S treatments on plant fresh and dry matters, total chlorophyll and chlorophyll fluorescence were more striking than those caused by the ID or S treatment alone. Furthermore, combination of salinity and iron stress exacerbated electrolyte leakage (EL) and the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ) in plant leaves compared to those in plants grown with either of the single stresses. NO treatment effectively reduced EL, MDA and H2 O2 in plants grown under stress conditions applied singly or in combination. Salt stress alone and with ID reduced the superoxide dismutase (EC1.15.1.1) and catalase (EC 1.11.1.6) activities but increased that of POD (EC 1.17.1.7). Exogenously applied NO led to significant changes in antioxidant enzyme activities in either ID or S than those by ID+S. Overall, exogenously applied NO was more effective in mitigating the stress-induced adverse effects on the strawberry plants exposed to a single stress than those due to the combination of both stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cengiz Kaya
- Soil Science and Plant Nutrition Department, Harran University, Sanliurfa, Turkey
| | - Nudrat A Akram
- Department of Botany, GC University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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105
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Implication of salt stress induces changes in pigment production, antioxidant enzyme activity, and qRT-PCR expression of genes involved in the biosynthetic pathway of Bixa orellana L. Funct Integr Genomics 2019; 19:565-574. [PMID: 30694406 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-019-00654-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Revised: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 01/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The effect of salt stress on pigment synthesis and antioxidant enzyme activity as well as in the genes involved in the biosynthetic pathway of bixin was studied. The 14-day germinated seedlings of Bixa orellana were induced into the various NaCl concentration (0, 25, 50, 75, 100 mM). After 45 days, leaves were taken for pigment analysis, antioxidant assays, and gene expression analysis to study the response of salt stress. The pigment content such as chlorophyll level was increased upon salt stress with a reduction in total carotenoid clearly indicating the adaptability of plants towards the stressed state. The level of β-carotene was increased in the highest concentration of salt stress treatment. The secondary metabolites such as bixin and abscisic acid (ABA) content were also high in elevated concentration of salt-treated seedling than control. The antioxidant enzyme activity was increased with the highest dose of salt stress suggesting the antioxidant enzymes to protect the plant from the deleterious effects. The mRNA transcript gene of the carotenoid biosynthetic pathway such as phytoene synthase (PSY), 1-deoxyxylulose-5-phosphate synthase (DXS), phytoene desaturase (PDS), beta-lycopene cyclase (LCY-β), epsilon lycopene cyclase (LCY-ε), carboxyl methyl transferase (CMT), aldehyde dehydrogenase (ADH), lycopene cleavage dioxygenase (LCD), and carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase (CCD) showed differential expression pattern under salt stress. In addendum, we studied the co-expression network analysis of gene to assess the co-related genes associated in the biosynthesis pathway of carotenoid. From the co-expression analysis result showed, the LCY, PDS, and PSY genes were closely correlated with other genes. These finding may provide insight to the plants to exist in the stress condition and to improve the industrially important pigment production.
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106
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Hoang GT, Van Dinh L, Nguyen TT, Ta NK, Gathignol F, Mai CD, Jouannic S, Tran KD, Khuat TH, Do VN, Lebrun M, Courtois B, Gantet P. Genome-wide Association Study of a Panel of Vietnamese Rice Landraces Reveals New QTLs for Tolerance to Water Deficit During the Vegetative Phase. RICE (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2019; 12:4. [PMID: 30701393 PMCID: PMC6357217 DOI: 10.1186/s12284-018-0258-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Drought tolerance is a major challenge in breeding rice for unfavorable environments. In this study, we used a panel of 180 Vietnamese rice landraces genotyped with 21,623 single-nucleotide polymorphism markers to perform a genome-wide association study (GWAS) for different drought response and recovery traits during the vegetative stage. These landraces originate from different geographical locations and are adapted to different agrosystems characterized by contrasted water regimes. Vietnamese landraces are often underrepresented in international panels used for GWAS, but they can contain original genetic determinants related to drought resistance. RESULTS The panel of 180 rice varieties was phenotyped under greenhouse conditions for several drought-related traits in an experimental design with 3 replicates. Plants were grown in pots for 4 weeks and drought-stressed by stopping irrigation for an additional 4 weeks. Drought sensitivity scores and leaf relative water content were measured throughout the drought stress. The recovery capacity was measured 2 weeks after plant rewatering. Several QTLs associated with these drought tolerance traits were identified by GWAS using a mixed model with control of structure and kinship. The number of detected QTLs consisted of 14 for leaf relative water content, 9 for slope of relative water content, 12 for drought sensitivity score, 3 for recovery ability and 1 for relative crop growth rate. This set of 39 QTLs actually corresponded to a total of 17 different QTLs because 9 were simultaneously associated with two or more traits, which indicates that these common loci may have pleiotropic effects on drought-related traits. No QTL was found in association with the same traits in both the indica and japonica subpanels. The possible candidate genes underlying the quantitative trait loci are reviewed. CONCLUSIONS Some of the identified QTLs contain promising candidate genes with a function related to drought tolerance by osmotic stress adjustment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giang Thi Hoang
- National Key Laboratory for Plant Cell Biotechnology, Agricultural Genetics Institute, LMI RICE-2, Hanoi, 00000, Vietnam.
- University of Science and Technology of Hanoi, LMI RICE-2, Hanoi, 00000, Vietnam.
| | - Lam Van Dinh
- National Key Laboratory for Plant Cell Biotechnology, Agricultural Genetics Institute, LMI RICE-2, Hanoi, 00000, Vietnam
| | - Thom Thi Nguyen
- IRD, Université de Montpellier, LMI RICE-2, Hanoi, 00000, Vietnam
| | - Nhung Kim Ta
- National Key Laboratory for Plant Cell Biotechnology, Agricultural Genetics Institute, LMI RICE-2, Hanoi, 00000, Vietnam
- University of Science and Technology of Hanoi, LMI RICE-2, Hanoi, 00000, Vietnam
| | - Floran Gathignol
- IRD, Université de Montpellier, LMI RICE-2, Hanoi, 00000, Vietnam
| | - Chung Duc Mai
- National Key Laboratory for Plant Cell Biotechnology, Agricultural Genetics Institute, LMI RICE-2, Hanoi, 00000, Vietnam
- University of Science and Technology of Hanoi, LMI RICE-2, Hanoi, 00000, Vietnam
| | - Stefan Jouannic
- University of Science and Technology of Hanoi, LMI RICE-2, Hanoi, 00000, Vietnam
- IRD, Université de Montpellier, UMR DIADE, 34095, Montpellier, France
| | - Khanh Dang Tran
- Genetic Engineering Division, Agricultural Genetics Institute, Hanoi, 00000, Vietnam
| | - Trung Huu Khuat
- Genetic Engineering Division, Agricultural Genetics Institute, Hanoi, 00000, Vietnam
| | - Vinh Nang Do
- National Key Laboratory for Plant Cell Biotechnology, Agricultural Genetics Institute, LMI RICE-2, Hanoi, 00000, Vietnam
| | - Michel Lebrun
- University of Science and Technology of Hanoi, LMI RICE-2, Hanoi, 00000, Vietnam
- IRD, Université de Montpellier, LMI RICE-2, Hanoi, 00000, Vietnam
- IRD, Université de Montpellier, UMR LSTM, 34095, Montpellier, France
| | - Brigitte Courtois
- Cirad, UMR-AGAP, F-34398, Montpellier, France
- CIRAD, INRA, Univ Montpellier, Montpellier SupAgro, Montpellier, France
| | - Pascal Gantet
- University of Science and Technology of Hanoi, LMI RICE-2, Hanoi, 00000, Vietnam.
- IRD, Université de Montpellier, LMI RICE-2, Hanoi, 00000, Vietnam.
- IRD, Université de Montpellier, UMR DIADE, 34095, Montpellier, France.
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107
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Zhang C, Shi S, Liu Z, Yang F, Yin G. Drought tolerance in alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) varieties is associated with enhanced antioxidative protection and declined lipid peroxidation. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2019; 232:226-240. [PMID: 30537610 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2018.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Revised: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Drought stress is considered the most adverse factor restricting plant survival, growth, and productivity. The identification of the key adaptive mechanisms to drought stress is essential to enhance the drought resistance of plants. In this study, differential responses of three alfalfa varieties to drought, including Medicago sativa L. cv. Longzhong (drought-tolerant), Longdong (moderate drought-tolerant), and Gannong No. 3 (drought-sensitive), were comparatively studied at morphological, physio-biochemical, and transcriptional levels after a 12-day period of drought stress simulated by -1.2 MPa polyethylene glycol (PEG-6000). The results showed that prolonged drought stress dramatically decreased growth and photosynthetic capacity of three alfalfa varieties while it increased the accumulation of malondialdehyde (MDA), reactive oxygen species (ROS), osmolytes and antioxidants including reduced ascorbate and glutathione, ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activities, and gene expression of antioxidative enzymes (MsCu/Zn-SOD, MsFeSOD, MtPOD, MsGPX, MsAPX, MsMDAR, MtDHAR, and MsGR). Nine days of treatment and some key traits, including the maximum quantum yield of photosystem II (Fv/Fm), the levels of MDA, O2-, and H2O2, the redox states of ascorbate and glutathione, APX activity, and the transcript levels of MsFeSOD, MsGR, and MsMDAR, might contribute to differentiating the drought stress tolerance in alfalfa. Overall, drought-tolerant Longzhong showed the highest water retention, photosynthetic performance, and osmoregulation capacity, the lowest lipid peroxidation, and the highest antioxidant enzyme activities and gene expression, which were mainly involved in the ascorbate-glutathione cycle to maintain the balance between the generation and scavenging of intracellular ROS. These findings highlight that enhanced antioxidative protection and declined lipid peroxidation play an important role in alfalfa tolerance against drought.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuimei Zhang
- College of Grassland Science, Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem (Ministry of Education), Pratacultural Engineering Laboratory of Gansu Province, Sino-U.S. Centers for Grazing Land Ecosystem Sustainability, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Shangli Shi
- College of Grassland Science, Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem (Ministry of Education), Pratacultural Engineering Laboratory of Gansu Province, Sino-U.S. Centers for Grazing Land Ecosystem Sustainability, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China.
| | - Zhen Liu
- College of Grassland Science, Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem (Ministry of Education), Pratacultural Engineering Laboratory of Gansu Province, Sino-U.S. Centers for Grazing Land Ecosystem Sustainability, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Fan Yang
- College of Grassland Science, Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem (Ministry of Education), Pratacultural Engineering Laboratory of Gansu Province, Sino-U.S. Centers for Grazing Land Ecosystem Sustainability, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Guoli Yin
- College of Grassland Science, Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem (Ministry of Education), Pratacultural Engineering Laboratory of Gansu Province, Sino-U.S. Centers for Grazing Land Ecosystem Sustainability, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
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108
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Khan N, Bano A, Rahman MA, Rathinasabapathi B, Babar MA. UPLC-HRMS-based untargeted metabolic profiling reveals changes in chickpea (Cicer arietinum) metabolome following long-term drought stress. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2019; 42:115-132. [PMID: 29532945 PMCID: PMC7379973 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Revised: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Genetic improvement for drought tolerance in chickpea requires a solid understanding of biochemical processes involved with different physiological mechanisms. The objective of this study is to demonstrate genetic variations in altered metabolic levels in chickpea varieties (tolerant and sensitive) grown under contrasting water regimes through ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography/high-resolution mass spectrometry-based untargeted metabolomic profiling. Chickpea plants were exposed to drought stress at the 3-leaf stage for 25 days, and the leaves were harvested at 14 and 25 days after the imposition of drought stress. Stress produced significant reduction in chlorophyll content, Fv /Fm , relative water content, and shoot and root dry weight. Twenty known metabolites were identified as most important by 2 different methods including significant analysis of metabolites and partial least squares discriminant analysis. The most pronounced increase in accumulation due to drought stress was demonstrated for allantoin, l-proline, l-arginine, l-histidine, l-isoleucine, and tryptophan. Metabolites that showed a decreased level of accumulation under drought conditions were choline, phenylalanine, gamma-aminobutyric acid, alanine, phenylalanine, tyrosine, glucosamine, guanine, and aspartic acid. Aminoacyl-tRNA and plant secondary metabolite biosynthesis and amino acid metabolism or synthesis pathways were involved in producing genetic variation under drought conditions. Metabolic changes in light of drought conditions highlighted pools of metabolites that affect the metabolic and physiological adjustment in chickpea that reduced drought impacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naeem Khan
- Department of Plant SciencesQuaid‐I‐Azam UniversityIslamabadPakistan
| | - Asghari Bano
- Department of Plant SciencesQuaid‐I‐Azam UniversityIslamabadPakistan
- Department of BiosciencesUniversity of WahWah CantonmentPakistan
| | | | | | - Md Ali Babar
- Department of Agronomy, IFASUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFLUSA
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109
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Qi Y, Li J, Fu G, Zhao C, Guan X, Yan B, Ren M. Effects of sublethal herbicides on offspring germination and seedling growth: Redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus) vs. velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 645:543-549. [PMID: 30029130 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.07.171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Revised: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The effects of sublethal doses of herbicides on plants cannot be ignored, yet little is known about the effects of sublethal doses of herbicides on the F1 generation of plants. Seed germination and seedling growth of native and invasive plants following the sublethal exposure of parent plants to herbicides were comparatively analyzed in this study. Sublethal atrazine and tribenuron-methyl had carry-over effects on the germination and seedling growth of the F1 generation of invasive redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus L.) and native velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti Medicus), both of which had different responses to the carry-over effects of sublethal herbicide. The germination percentage of the F1 redroot pigweed (decreased) was greater than that of the F1 velvetleaf (increased or not significantly changed) following parental exposure to atrazine or tribenuron-methyl. Atrazine reduced the radical growth of 7-day-old velvetleaf seedlings and decreased the difference in seedling length between velvetleaf and redroot pigweed, while tribenuron-methyl had no significant effects on the growth of 7-day-old velvetleaf seedlings. The herbicide inhibition effect on the germination and growth of F1 velvetleaf and redroot pigweed did not increase as the sublethal dose increased. This study suggests that carry-over effects of sublethal herbicides weaken the growth advantage of the F1 velvetleaf at the seedling stage and may have a more negative influence on progeny population development of native velvetleaf compared with invasive redroot pigweed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Qi
- Biodiversity Research Center, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Junsheng Li
- Biodiversity Research Center, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
| | - Gang Fu
- Biodiversity Research Center, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Caiyun Zhao
- Biodiversity Research Center, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Xiao Guan
- Biodiversity Research Center, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Bing Yan
- Biodiversity Research Center, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Mengyun Ren
- Biodiversity Research Center, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
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110
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Oyedeji AB, Mellem JJ, Ijabadeniyi OA. Potential for enhanced soy storage protein breakdown and allergen reduction in soy-based foods produced with optimized sprouted soybeans. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2018.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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111
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Lu X, Liu SF, Yue L, Zhao X, Zhang YB, Xie ZK, Wang RY. Epsc Involved in the Encoding of Exopolysaccharides Produced by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens FZB42 Act to Boost the Drought Tolerance of Arabidopsis thaliana. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E3795. [PMID: 30501023 PMCID: PMC6320885 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19123795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Revised: 11/17/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacillus amyloliquefaciens FZB42 is a plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria that stimulates plant growth, and enhances resistance to pathogens and tolerance of salt stress. Instead, the mechanistic basis of drought tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana induced by FZB42 remains unexplored. Here, we constructed an exopolysaccharide-deficient mutant epsC and determined the role of epsC in FZB42-induced drought tolerance in A. thaliana. Results showed that FZB42 significantly enhanced growth and drought tolerance of Arabidopsis by increasing the survival rate, fresh and dry shoot weights, primary root length, root dry weight, lateral root number, and total lateral root length. Coordinated changes were also observed in cellular defense responses, including elevated concentrations of proline and activities of superoxide dismutase and peroxidase, decreased concentrations of malondialdehyde, and accumulation of hydrogen peroxide in plants treated with FZB42. The relative expression levels of drought defense-related marker genes, such as RD29A, RD17, ERD1, and LEA14, were also increased in the leaves of FZB42-treated plants. In addition, FZB42 induced the drought tolerance in Arabidopsis by the action of both ethylene and jasmonate, but not abscisic acid. However, plants inoculated with mutant strain epsC were less able to resist drought stress with respect to each of these parameters, indicating that epsC are required for the full benefit of FZB42 inoculation to be gained. Moreover, the mutant strain was less capable of supporting the formation of a biofilm and of colonizing the A. thaliana root. Therefore, epsC is an important factor that allows FZB42 to colonize the roots and induce systemic drought tolerance in Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Lu
- Gaolan Station of Agricultural and Ecological Experiment, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China.
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Shao-Fang Liu
- Gaolan Station of Agricultural and Ecological Experiment, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China.
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Liang Yue
- Gaolan Station of Agricultural and Ecological Experiment, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China.
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Xia Zhao
- Gaolan Station of Agricultural and Ecological Experiment, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China.
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| | - Yu-Bao Zhang
- Gaolan Station of Agricultural and Ecological Experiment, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China.
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| | - Zhong-Kui Xie
- Gaolan Station of Agricultural and Ecological Experiment, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China.
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| | - Ruo-Yu Wang
- Gaolan Station of Agricultural and Ecological Experiment, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China.
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, China.
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Xiong X, Liu N, Wei YQ, Bi YX, Luo JC, Xu RX, Zhou JQ, Zhang YJ. Effects of non-uniform root zone salinity on growth, ion regulation, and antioxidant defense system in two alfalfa cultivars. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2018; 132:434-444. [PMID: 30290335 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2018.09.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Revised: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A split-root system was established to investigate the effects of uniform (0/0, 50/50, and 200/200 mM salt [NaCl]) and non-uniform (0/200 and 50/200 mM NaCl) salt stress on growth, ion regulation, and the antioxidant defense system of alfalfa (Medicago sativa) by comparing a salt-tolerant (Zhongmu No.1) and salt-sensitive (Algonquin) cultivar. We found that non-uniform salinity was associated with greater plant growth rate and shoot dry weight, lower leaf Na+ concentration, higher leaf potassium cation (K+) concentration, lower lipid peroxidation, and greater superoxide dismutase (EC 1.15.1.1), catalase (EC 1.11.1.6), and peroxidase (EC 1.11.1.7) activities, compared to uniform salt stress in both alfalfa cultivars. Under non-uniform salinity, a significant increase in Na+ concentration and Na+ efflux and a decline in K+ efflux in the no-saline or low-saline part of the roots alleviated salt damage. Our results also demonstrated that proline and antioxidant enzymes accumulated in both the no- or low-saline and high-saline roots, revealing that osmotic adjustment and antioxidant defense had systemic rather than localized effects in alfalfa plants, and there was a functional equilibrium within the root system under non-uniform salt stress. The salt-tolerant cultivar Zhongmu No.1 exhibited greater levels of growth compared to Algonquin under both uniform and non-uniform salt stress, with Na+ tolerance and efflux abilities more effective and greater antioxidant defense capacity evident for cultivar Zhongmu No.1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Xiong
- College of Agro-grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China; Hebei Normal University for Nationalities, Chengde, 067000, China
| | - Nan Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100094, China
| | - Yu-Qi Wei
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100094, China
| | - Yi-Xian Bi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100094, China
| | - Jian-Chuan Luo
- Institute of Grassland Research of CAAS, Huhhot, 010010, China
| | - Rui-Xuan Xu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100094, China
| | - Ji-Qiong Zhou
- Department of Grassland Science, College of Animal Science & Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Ying-Jun Zhang
- College of Agro-grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China; College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100094, China; Key Laboratory of Grasslands Management and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100094, China.
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113
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Kang C, He S, Zhai H, Li R, Zhao N, Liu Q. A Sweetpotato Auxin Response Factor Gene ( IbARF5) Is Involved in Carotenoid Biosynthesis and Salt and Drought Tolerance in Transgenic Arabidopsis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:1307. [PMID: 30254657 PMCID: PMC6141746 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.01307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Auxin response factors (ARFs) compose a family of transcription factors and have been found to play major roles in the process of plant growth and development. However, their roles in plant carotenoid biosynthesis and responses to abiotic stresses are rarely known to date. In the present study, we found that the IbARF5 gene from sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.) line HVB-3 increased the contents of carotenoids and enhanced the tolerance to salt and drought in transgenic Arabidopsis. The transgenic Arabidopsis plants exhibited the increased abscisic acid (ABA) and proline contents and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and the decreased H2O2 content. Furthermore, it was found that IbARF5 positively regulated the genes associated with carotenoid and ABA biosynthesis and abiotic stress responses. These results suggest that IbARF5 is involved in carotenoid biosynthesis and salt and drought tolerance in transgenic Arabidopsis. This study provides a novel ARF gene for improving carotenoid contents and salt and drought tolerance of sweetpotato and other plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Kang
- Key Laboratory of Sweetpotato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Shaozhen He
- Key Laboratory of Sweetpotato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Hong Zhai
- Key Laboratory of Sweetpotato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Ruijie Li
- Key Laboratory of Sweetpotato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Ning Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Sweetpotato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Qingchang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Sweetpotato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
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114
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Modulating the antioxidant system by exogenous 2-(3,4-dichlorophenoxy) triethylamine in maize seedlings exposed to polyethylene glycol-simulated drought stress. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0203626. [PMID: 30183770 PMCID: PMC6124772 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0203626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Maize (Zea mays L.), an important agricultural crop, suffers from drought stress frequently during its growth period, thus leading to a decline in yield. 2-(3,4-Dichlorophenoxy) triethylamine (DCPTA) regulates many aspects of plant development; however, its effects on crop stress tolerance are poorly understood. We pre-treated maize seedlings by adding DCPTA to a hydroponic solution and then subjected the seedlings to a drought condition [15% polyethylene glycol (PEG)-6000 treatment]. The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and glutathione reductase (GR) were enhanced under drought stress and further enhanced by the DCPTA application. The activities of monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDHAR), dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR) and catalase (CAT) declined continuously under drought stress; however, the activities partially recovered with DCPTA application. Up-regulation of the activities and transcript levels of APX, GR, MDHAR and DHAR in the DCPTA treatments contributed to the increases in ascorbate (AsA) and glutathione (GSH) levels and inhibited the increased generation rate of superoxide anion radicals (O2·-), the contents of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and malondialdehyde (MDA), and the electrolyte leakage (EL) induced by drought. These results suggest that the enhanced antioxidant capacity induced by DCPTA application may represent an efficient mechanism for increasing the drought stress tolerance of maize seedlings.
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115
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Naseem H, Ahsan M, Shahid MA, Khan N. Exopolysaccharides producing rhizobacteria and their role in plant growth and drought tolerance. J Basic Microbiol 2018; 58:1009-1022. [DOI: 10.1002/jobm.201800309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Revised: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hafsa Naseem
- Department of Plant Sciences; Quaid-i-Azam University; Islamabad Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ahsan
- Department of Chemistry; Allama Iqbal Open University; Islamabad Pakistan
| | - Muhammad A. Shahid
- Horticultural Science Department; Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences; University of Florida; Gainesville Florida
| | - Naeem Khan
- Department of Plant Sciences; Quaid-i-Azam University; Islamabad Pakistan
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116
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Effects of Epichloë sinica on Roegneria kamoji seedling physiology under PEG-6000 simulated drought stress. Symbiosis 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s13199-018-0570-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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117
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Kang C, Zhai H, Xue L, Zhao N, He S, Liu Q. A lycopene β-cyclase gene, IbLCYB2, enhances carotenoid contents and abiotic stress tolerance in transgenic sweetpotato. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2018; 272:243-254. [PMID: 29807598 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2018.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2018] [Revised: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Lycopene β-cyclase (LCYB) is an essential enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of lycopene into α-carotene and β-carotene in carotenoid biosynthesis pathway. However, the roles and underlying mechanisms of the LCYB gene in plant responses to abiotic stresses are rarely known. This gene has not been used to improve carotenoid contents of sweetpotato, Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.. In the present study, a new allele of the LCYB gene, named IbLCYB2, was isolated from the storage roots of sweetpotato line HVB-3. Its overexpression significantly increased the contents of α-carotene, β-carotene, lutein, β-cryptoxanthin and zeaxanthin and enhanced the tolerance to salt, drought and oxidative stresses in the transgenic sweetpotato (cv. Shangshu 19) plants. The genes involved in carotenoid and abscisic acid (ABA) biosynthesis pathways and abiotic stress responses were up-regulated in the transgenic plants. The ABA and proline contents and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were significantly increased, whereas malonaldehyde (MDA) and H2O2 contents were significantly decreased in the transgenic plants under abiotic stresses. The overall results indicate that the IbLCYB2 gene enhances carotenoid contents and abiotic stress tolerance through positive regulation of carotenoid and ABA biosynthesis pathways in sweetpotato. This gene has the potential to improve carotenoid contents and abiotic stress tolerance in sweetpotato and other plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Kang
- Key Laboratory of Sweetpotato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy & Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Hong Zhai
- Key Laboratory of Sweetpotato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy & Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Luyao Xue
- Key Laboratory of Sweetpotato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy & Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Ning Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Sweetpotato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy & Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Shaozhen He
- Key Laboratory of Sweetpotato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy & Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Qingchang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Sweetpotato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy & Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China.
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118
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Guo R, Wang Z, Huang Y, Fan H, Liu Z. Biocontrol potential of saline- or alkaline-tolerant Trichoderma asperellum mutants against three pathogenic fungi under saline or alkaline stress conditions. Braz J Microbiol 2018; 49 Suppl 1:236-245. [PMID: 29691191 PMCID: PMC6328716 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjm.2018.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2017] [Revised: 01/26/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Salinity and alkalinity are major abiotic stresses that limit growth and development of poplar. We investigated biocontrol potential of saline- and alkaline-tolerant mutants of Trichoderma asperellum to mediate the effects of salinity or alkalinity stresses on Populus davidiana×P. alba var. pyramidalis (PdPap poplar) seedlings. A T-DNA insertion mutant library of T. asperellum was constructed using an Agrobacterium tumefaciens mediated transformation system; this process yielded sixty five positive transformants (T1-T65). The salinity tolerant mutant, T59, grew in Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) containing up to 10% (1709.40mM) NaCl. Under NaCl-rich conditions, T59 was most effective in inhibiting Alternaria alternata (52.00%). The alkalinity tolerant mutants, T3 and T5, grew in PDA containing up to 0.4% (47.62mM) NaHCO3. The ability of the T3 and T5 mutants to inhibit Fusarium oxysporum declined as NaHCO3 concentrations increased. NaHCO3 tolerance of the PdPap seedlings improved following treatment with the spores of the WT, T3, and T5 strains. The salinity tolerant mutant (T59) and two alkalinity tolerant mutants (T3 and T5) generated in this study can be applied to decrease the incidence of pathogenic fungi infection under saline or alkaline stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiting Guo
- Northeast Forestry University, School of Forestry, Harbin, China
| | - Zhiying Wang
- Northeast Forestry University, School of Forestry, Harbin, China
| | - Ying Huang
- Northeast Forestry University, School of Forestry, Harbin, China
| | - Haijuan Fan
- Northeast Forestry University, School of Forestry, Harbin, China
| | - Zhihua Liu
- Northeast Forestry University, School of Forestry, Harbin, China.
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119
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Noureen A, Jabeen F, Tabish TA, Yaqub S, Ali M, Chaudhry AS. Assessment of copper nanoparticles (Cu-NPs) and copper (II) oxide (CuO) induced hemato- and hepatotoxicity in Cyprinus carpio. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2018; 29:144003. [PMID: 29369820 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/aaaaa7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Recently, Cu-based nanoparticles have drawn considerable attention for their various fascinating roles in multiple biological systems. It is recognized that their frequent use can create compatibility challenges for the recipient systems. Nevertheless, it is unclear how various biological interactions affect the compatibility of Cu oxide II (CuO) and Cu oxide nanoparticles (Cu-NPs) for different organisms. Consequently, it has been difficult to perform structured risk assessments for their use in biological systems. Therefore, this study compared the effects of different doses of waterborne Cu-NPs and CuO on the blood and liver of selected groups of Cyprinus (C) carpio. These fish while housed in suitable water tanks were exposed to one of the following treatments for 14 d: control (no added Cu) or 0.5 or 1 or 1.5 mg Cu as Cu-NPs or CuO l-1 of water. We found significant changes in all assessed blood parameters of fish in response to increasing doses from 0 to 1.5 mg of Cu-NPs or CuO. Similarly, increased levels of lipid peroxide and reduced glutathione (GSH) were also observed in the livers of C. carpio in Cu-NPs or CuO treated groups. Enhanced levels of lipid peroxidation and GSH were also recorded in the Cu-NP treated groups compared with the CuO treated groups in a dose dependent manner. The lowest catalase activity was observed in the liver of C. carpio treated with the higer dose of Cu-NPs. Cu-NP or CuO exposure induced significant histological alterations in the liver of C. carpio including focal necrosis, cloudy swelling of hepatocytes, degenerative hepatocytes, vacuolization, pyknotic nuclei, damaged central vein, nuclear hypertrophy, dilated sinusoid, vacuolated degeneration, congestion, and complete degeneration in a dose dependent manner. Substantial alterations in blood and liver specimens were observed in the Cu-NP treated fish when compared with the CuO treated fish. It appeared that the Cu-NPs were more toxic than the CuO as shown by the hemato- and hepatotoxicity in C. carpio of this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aasma Noureen
- Department of Zoology, Government College University Faisalabad, Pakistan
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120
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Chang E, Deng N, Zhang J, Liu J, Chen L, Zhao X, Abbas M, Jiang Z, Shi S. Proteome-Level Analysis of Metabolism- and Stress-Related Proteins during Seed Dormancy and Germination in Gnetum parvifolium. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:3019-3029. [PMID: 29490456 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b05001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Gnetum parvifolium is a rich source of materials for traditional medicines, food, and oil, but little is known about the mechanism underlying its seed dormancy and germination. In this study, we analyzed the proteome-level changes in its seeds during germination using isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation. In total, 1,040 differentially expressed proteins were identified, and cluster analysis revealed the distinct time points during which signal transduction and oxidation-reduction activity changed. Gene Ontology analysis showed that "carbohydrate metabolic process" and "response to oxidative stress" were the main enriched terms. Proteins associated with starch degradation and antioxidant enzymes were important for dormancy-release, while proteins associated with energy metabolism and protein synthesis were up-regulated during germination. Moreover, protein-interaction networks were mainly associated with heat-shock proteins. Furthermore, in accord with changes in the energy metabolism- and antioxidant-related proteins, indole-3-acetic acid, Peroxidase, and soluble sugar content increased, and the starch content decreased in almost all six stages of dormancy and germination analyzed (S1-S6). The activity of superoxide dismutase, abscisic acid, and malondialdehyde content increased in the dormancy stages (S1-S3) and then decreased in the germination stages (S4-S6). Our results provide new insights into G. parvifolium seed dormancy and germination at the proteome and physiological levels, with implications for improving seed propagation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ermei Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Research Institute of Forestry , Chinese Academy of Forestry , No. 1 Dongxiaofu, Xiangshan Road , Haidian, Beijing 100091 , China
| | - Nan Deng
- Institute of Ecology , Hunan Academy of Forestry , Changsha , Hunan 410004 , China
| | - Jin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Research Institute of Forestry , Chinese Academy of Forestry , No. 1 Dongxiaofu, Xiangshan Road , Haidian, Beijing 100091 , China
| | - Jianfeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Research Institute of Forestry , Chinese Academy of Forestry , No. 1 Dongxiaofu, Xiangshan Road , Haidian, Beijing 100091 , China
| | - Lanzhen Chen
- Institute of Apicultural Research , Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Beijing 100093 , China
- Risk Assessment Laboratory for Bee Products , Quality and Safety of Ministry of Agriculture , Beijing 100093 , China
| | - Xiulian Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Research Institute of Forestry , Chinese Academy of Forestry , No. 1 Dongxiaofu, Xiangshan Road , Haidian, Beijing 100091 , China
| | - M Abbas
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Research Institute of Forestry , Chinese Academy of Forestry , No. 1 Dongxiaofu, Xiangshan Road , Haidian, Beijing 100091 , China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology , Beijing Forestry University , Beijing 100083 , China
| | - Zeping Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Research Institute of Forestry , Chinese Academy of Forestry , No. 1 Dongxiaofu, Xiangshan Road , Haidian, Beijing 100091 , China
| | - Shengqing Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Research Institute of Forestry , Chinese Academy of Forestry , No. 1 Dongxiaofu, Xiangshan Road , Haidian, Beijing 100091 , China
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121
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Zhang C, Shi S. Physiological and Proteomic Responses of Contrasting Alfalfa ( Medicago sativa L.) Varieties to PEG-Induced Osmotic Stress. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:242. [PMID: 29541085 PMCID: PMC5835757 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.00242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Drought severely limits global plant distribution and agricultural production. Elucidating the physiological and molecular mechanisms governing alfalfa stress responses will contribute to the improvement of drought tolerance in leguminous crops. In this study, the physiological and proteomic responses of two alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) varieties contrasting in drought tolerance, Longzhong (drought-tolerant) and Gannong No. 3 (drought-sensitive), were comparatively assayed when seedlings were exposed to -1.2 MPa polyethylene glycol (PEG-6000) treatments for 15 days. The results showed that the levels of proline, malondialdehyde (MDA), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), hydroxyl free radical (OH•) and superoxide anion free radical (O2•-) in both varieties were significantly increased, while the root activity, the superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione reductase (GR) activities, and the ratios of reduced/oxidized ascorbate (AsA/DHA) and reduced/oxidized glutathione (GSH/GSSG) were significantly decreased. The soluble protein and soluble sugar contents, the total antioxidant capability (T-AOC) and the activities of peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) first increased and then decreased with the increase in treatment days. Under osmotic stress, Longzhong exhibited lower levels of MDA, H2O2, OH• and O2•- but higher levels of SOD, CAT, APX, T-AOC and ratios of AsA/DHA and GSH/GSSG compared with Gannong No.3. Using isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ), 142 differentially accumulated proteins (DAPs) were identified from two alfalfa varieties, including 52 proteins (34 up-regulated and 18 down-regulated) in Longzhong, 71 proteins (28 up-regulated and 43 down-regulated) in Gannong No. 3, and 19 proteins (13 up-regulated and 6 down-regulated) shared by both varieties. Most of these DAPs were involved in stress and defense, protein metabolism, transmembrane transport, signal transduction, as well as cell wall and cytoskeleton metabolism. In conclusion, the stronger drought-tolerance of Longzhong was attributed to its higher osmotic adjustment capacity, greater ability to orchestrate its enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant systems and thus avoid great oxidative damage in comparison to Gannong No. 3. Moreover, the involvement of other pathways, including carbohydrate metabolism, ROS detoxification, secondary metabolism, protein processing, ion and water transport, signal transduction, and cell wall adjustment, are important mechanisms for conferring drought tolerance in alfalfa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuimei Zhang
- College of Grassland Science, Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem (Ministry of Education), Pratacultural Engineering Laboratory of Gansu Province, Sino-U.S. Centers for Grazing Land Ecosystem Sustainability, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Shangli Shi
- College of Grassland Science, Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem (Ministry of Education), Pratacultural Engineering Laboratory of Gansu Province, Sino-U.S. Centers for Grazing Land Ecosystem Sustainability, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
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122
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Lei Y, Xu Y, Hettenhausen C, Lu C, Shen G, Zhang C, Li J, Song J, Lin H, Wu J. Comparative analysis of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) leaf transcriptomes reveals genotype-specific salt tolerance mechanisms. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2018; 18:35. [PMID: 29448940 PMCID: PMC5815232 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-018-1250-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Soil salinity is an important factor affecting growth, development, and productivity of almost all land plants, including the forage crop alfalfa (Medicago sativa). However, little is known about how alfalfa responds and adapts to salt stress, particularly among different salt-tolerant cultivars. RESULTS Among seven alfalfa cultivars, we found that Zhongmu-1 (ZM) is relatively salt-tolerant and Xingjiang Daye (XJ) is salt-sensitive. Compared to XJ, ZM showed slower growth under low-salt conditions, but exhibited stronger tolerance to salt stress. RNA-seq analysis revealed 2237 and 1125 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between ZM and XJ in the presence and absence of salt stress, among which many genes are involved in stress-related pathways. After salt treatment, compared with the controls, the number of DEGs in XJ (19373) was about four times of that in ZM (4833). We also detected specific differential gene expression patterns: In response to salt stress, compared with XJ, ZM maintained relatively more stable expression levels of genes related to the ROS and Ca2+ pathways, phytohormone biosynthesis, and Na+/K+ transport. Notably, several salt resistance-associated genes always showed greater levels of expression in ZM than in XJ, including a transcription factor. Consistent with the suppression of plant growth resulting from salt stress, the expression of numerous photosynthesis- and growth hormone-related genes decreased more dramatically in XJ than in ZM. By contrast, the expression levels of photosynthetic genes were lower in ZM under low-salt conditions. CONCLUSIONS Compared with XJ, ZM is a salt-tolerant alfalfa cultivar possessing specific regulatory mechanisms conferring exceptional salt tolerance, likely by maintaining high transcript levels of abiotic and biotic stress resistance-related genes. Our results suggest that maintaining this specific physiological status and/or plant adaptation to salt stress most likely arises by inhibition of plant growth in ZM through plant hormone interactions. This study identifies new candidate genes that may regulate alfalfa tolerance to salt stress and increases the understanding of the genetic basis for salt tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunting Lei
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment, College of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610000 China
- Department of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Yunnan Key Laboratory for Wild Plant Resources, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201 China
| | - Yuxing Xu
- Department of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Yunnan Key Laboratory for Wild Plant Resources, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201 China
| | - Christian Hettenhausen
- Department of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Yunnan Key Laboratory for Wild Plant Resources, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201 China
| | - Chengkai Lu
- Department of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Yunnan Key Laboratory for Wild Plant Resources, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201 China
| | - Guojing Shen
- Department of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Yunnan Key Laboratory for Wild Plant Resources, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201 China
| | - Cuiping Zhang
- Department of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Yunnan Key Laboratory for Wild Plant Resources, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201 China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Yunnan Key Laboratory for Wild Plant Resources, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201 China
| | - Juan Song
- Department of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Yunnan Key Laboratory for Wild Plant Resources, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201 China
| | - Honghui Lin
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment, College of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610000 China
| | - Jianqiang Wu
- Department of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Yunnan Key Laboratory for Wild Plant Resources, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201 China
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Chiboub M, Jebara SH, Saadani O, Fatnassi IC, Abdelkerim S, Jebara M. Physiological responses and antioxidant enzyme changes in Sulla coronaria inoculated by cadmium resistant bacteria. JOURNAL OF PLANT RESEARCH 2018; 131:99-110. [PMID: 28808815 DOI: 10.1007/s10265-017-0971-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2017] [Accepted: 06/16/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB) may help to reduce the toxicity of heavy metals on plants growing in polluted soils. In this work, Sulla coronaria inoculated with four Cd resistant bacteria (two Pseudomonas spp. and two Rhizobium sullae) were cultivated in hydroponic conditions treated by Cd; long time treatment 50 µM CdCl2 for 30 days and short time treatment; 100 µM CdCl2 for 7 days. Results showed that inoculation with Cd resistant PGPB enhanced plant biomass, thus shoot and root dry weights of control plants were enhanced by 148 and 35% respectively after 7 days. Co-inoculation of plants treated with 50 and 100 µM Cd increased plant biomasses as compared to Cd-treated and uninoculated plants. Cadmium treatment induced lipid peroxidation in plant tissues measured through MDA content in short 7 days 100 µM treatment. Antioxidant enzyme studies showed that inoculation of control plants enhanced APX, SOD and CAT activities after 30 days in shoots and SOD, APX, SOD, GPOX in roots. Application of 50 µM CdCl2 stimulated all enzymes in shoots and decreased SOD and CAT activities in roots. Moreover, 100 µM of CdCl2 increased SOD, APX, CAT and GPOX activities in shoots and increased significantly CAT activity in roots. Metal accumulation depended on Cd concentration, plant organ and time of treatment. Furthermore, the inoculation enhanced Cd uptake in roots by 20% in all treatments. The cultivation of this symbiosis in Cd contaminated soil or in heavy metal hydroponically treated medium, showed that inoculation improved plant biomass and increased Cd uptake especially in roots. Therefore, the present study established that co-inoculation of S. coronaria by a specific consortium of heavy metal resistant PGPB formed a symbiotic system useful for soil phytostabilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manel Chiboub
- Laboratoire des Légumineuses, Centre de Biotechnologie Borj Cedria, University Tunis El Manar, BP 901, 2050, Hammam Lif, Tunisia
| | - Salwa Harzalli Jebara
- Laboratoire des Légumineuses, Centre de Biotechnologie Borj Cedria, University Tunis El Manar, BP 901, 2050, Hammam Lif, Tunisia.
| | - Omar Saadani
- Laboratoire des Légumineuses, Centre de Biotechnologie Borj Cedria, University Tunis El Manar, BP 901, 2050, Hammam Lif, Tunisia
| | - Imen Challougui Fatnassi
- Laboratoire des Légumineuses, Centre de Biotechnologie Borj Cedria, University Tunis El Manar, BP 901, 2050, Hammam Lif, Tunisia
| | - Souhir Abdelkerim
- Laboratoire des Légumineuses, Centre de Biotechnologie Borj Cedria, University Tunis El Manar, BP 901, 2050, Hammam Lif, Tunisia
| | - Moez Jebara
- Laboratoire des Légumineuses, Centre de Biotechnologie Borj Cedria, University Tunis El Manar, BP 901, 2050, Hammam Lif, Tunisia
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Yang Y, Guo Y. Elucidating the molecular mechanisms mediating plant salt-stress responses. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2018; 217:523-539. [PMID: 29205383 DOI: 10.1111/nph.14920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 657] [Impact Index Per Article: 109.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Contents Summary 523 I. Introduction 523 II. Sensing salt stress 524 III. Ion homeostasis regulation 524 IV. Metabolite and cell activity responses to salt stress 527 V. Conclusions and perspectives 532 Acknowledgements 533 References 533 SUMMARY: Excess soluble salts in soil (saline soils) are harmful to most plants. Salt imposes osmotic, ionic, and secondary stresses on plants. Over the past two decades, many determinants of salt tolerance and their regulatory mechanisms have been identified and characterized using molecular genetics and genomics approaches. This review describes recent progress in deciphering the mechanisms controlling ion homeostasis, cell activity responses, and epigenetic regulation in plants under salt stress. Finally, we highlight research areas that require further research to reveal new determinants of salt tolerance in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongqing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
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Çelik Ö, Ayan A, Atak Ç. Enzymatic and non-enzymatic comparison of two different industrial tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) varieties against drought stress. BOTANICAL STUDIES 2017; 58:32. [PMID: 28770515 PMCID: PMC5540743 DOI: 10.1186/s40529-017-0186-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study is to compare the tolerance mechanisms of two industrial tomato varieties (X5671R and 5MX12956) under drought stress. 14 days-old tomato seedlings were subjected to 7 days-long drought stress by withholding irrigation. The effects of stress were determined by enzymatic and non-enzymatic parameters. The physiological damages were evaluated via lipid peroxidation ratio, total protein content, relative water content, chlorophyll content and proline accumulation. Enzymatic responses were determined by biochemical analysis and electrophoresis of SOD, APX, POX and CAT enzymes. RESULTS Relative water contents of X5671R and 5MX12956 varieties at 7th day of drought were decreased to 8.4 and 12.2%, respectively. Applied drought decreased all photosynthetic pigments of X5671R and 5MX12956 varieties during the treatment period significantly comparing to the Day 0 as the control. Total protein content, lipid peroxidation and proline accumulation presented increased values in both varieties in accordance with the increasing stress intensity. According to lipid peroxidation analysis, 5MX12956 tomato variety was found more drought sensitive than X5671R variety. Antioxidative enzyme activities showed increases in both varieties as a response to drought stress, although CAT and APX activities presented decrease on the 7th day of applied stress. 7 days long drought stress differentially altered POX, APX and SOD isozyme patterns. Same POX bands were observed in both varieties with different band intensities. CONCLUSIONS However, main isozyme pattern differences were obtained for SOD and APX. APX1, Fe-SOD and Cu/Zn-SOD2 isozyme bands should be evaluated to define their main role in the tolerance mechanism of both tomato varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Özge Çelik
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science and Letters, Istanbul Kultur Univesity, Ataköy, 34156 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Alp Ayan
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science and Letters, Istanbul Kultur Univesity, Ataköy, 34156 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Çimen Atak
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science and Letters, Istanbul Kultur Univesity, Ataköy, 34156 Istanbul, Turkey
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Smaoui-Jardak M, Kriaa W, Maalej M, Zouari M, Kamoun L, Trabelsi W, Ben Abdallah F, Elloumi N. Effect of the phosphogypsum amendment of saline and agricultural soils on growth, productivity and antioxidant enzyme activities of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.). ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2017; 26:1089-1104. [PMID: 28730330 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-017-1836-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/05/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of phosphogypsum (PG) amendment on the physiochemical proprieties of saline and agricultural soils along with the growth, productivity and antioxidant enzyme activities of tomato plants ( Solanum lycopersicum L.) grown on the amended soils under controlled conditions. Obtained results showed that the amendment of saline soil (H) by PG induced a decrease in pH as well as in electrical conductivity. However, for the non saline soil (MC), there was a decrease in pH associated with an increase in electrical conductivity. For both soils, PG amendment led to an increase in Calcium (Ca) and sodium (Na), and a decrease in potassium (K) in plant tissues. Cadmium (Cd), Zinc (Zn) and Chromium (Cr) contents in different parts of plants increased in proportion with PG concentration in the soils. Apart from Cd, all the analyzed metals in tomato fruit were found to be below the recommended maximum allowable concentration (MAC). Our results showed that PG application, at doses not exceeding 20%, seems to be beneficial for growth, photosynthetic activity and productivity of tomato plants as well as in decreasing salinity of saline soils. In these conditions, the use of PG could be a promising project for the rehabilitation of marginalized and saline ecosystems with either ornamental or non-fruit species. For both soils, a significant accumulation of MDA in shoots was detected, reflecting cell membrane damage especially when the PG amendment reached 20%. Beyond 20 and 40% PG, tomato plants developed an enzymatic antioxidant defense system in response to salinity and heavy metal stress. However, at 80% PG, enzymes activities were significantly inhibited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariem Smaoui-Jardak
- Laboratory of Plant Biodiversity and Dynamic of Ecosystems in Arid Areas, Faculty of Science of Sfax, B.P. 1171, Sfax, 3000, Tunisia.
| | - Walid Kriaa
- Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Science of Sfax, University of Sfax, BP 1171, 3000, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Maalej
- Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Science of Sfax, University of Sfax, BP 1171, 3000, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Zouari
- Laboratory of Plant Biodiversity and Dynamic of Ecosystems in Arid Areas, Faculty of Science of Sfax, B.P. 1171, Sfax, 3000, Tunisia
| | - Lotfi Kamoun
- Tunisian Chemical Group Research Directorate, Sfax, 3000, Tunisia
| | - Wassim Trabelsi
- Tunisian Chemical Group Research Directorate, Sfax, 3000, Tunisia
| | - Ferjani Ben Abdallah
- Laboratory of Plant Biodiversity and Dynamic of Ecosystems in Arid Areas, Faculty of Science of Sfax, B.P. 1171, Sfax, 3000, Tunisia
| | - Nada Elloumi
- Laboratory of Environment Engineering and Ecotechnology, Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Sfax, Sfax University, B.P. 261, Sfax, 3000, Tunisia
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Gu X, Gao Z, Yan Y, Wang X, Qiao Y, Chen Y. RdreB1BI enhances drought tolerance by activating AQP-related genes in transgenic strawberry. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2017; 119:33-42. [PMID: 28843134 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2017.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Revised: 08/13/2017] [Accepted: 08/16/2017] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The dehydration-responsive element binding protein (DREB) family of transcription factors is associated with abiotic stress responses during plant growth and development. This study focussed on the subfamily member DREB1B, which was initially described as highly and specifically responsive to low temperature. However, here it is shown that DREB1B is not only involved in cold tolerance but also other abiotic stress tolerances, such as that of drought. To further understand the genetic improvement effects of the drought tolerance provided by RdreB1BI in transgenic strawberry, drought stress responses of transgenic plants were evaluated at the morphological, physiological, and transcriptional levels. Transactivation assays revealed that RdreB1BI could activate the FvPIP2;1 like 1 promoter. RdreB1BI transgenic plants showed enhanced drought tolerance on the basis of lower rates of electrolyte leakage (EL), higher relative water content (RWC), and less stomatal aperture as well as increased peroxidase (POD) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities and less malondialdehyde (MDA) accumulation. The transgenic plants also accumulated higher levels of drought-related regulatory genes and functional gene transcripts, including those of PIP, NAC, RD22, ABI, and NCED. Together, these results demonstrate that RdreB1BI plays an essential role in the regulation of the drought stress response. DREB1B transcription constitutes a useful strategy to exploit in transgenic plants for coping with abiotic stresses, at least cold and drought stresses. The approach may be helpful for genetic engineering horticultural plants to have increased environmental adaptations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianbin Gu
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China; College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China; Institute of Horticulture, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhihong Gao
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yichao Yan
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiuyun Wang
- College of Agro-grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Yushan Qiao
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Yahua Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China.
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Physiological and Transcriptomic Responses of Chinese Cabbage (Brassica rapa L. ssp. Pekinensis) to Salt Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18091953. [PMID: 28895882 PMCID: PMC5618602 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18091953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2017] [Revised: 08/18/2017] [Accepted: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Salt stress is one of the major abiotic stresses that severely impact plant growth and development. In this study, we investigated the physiological and transcriptomic responses of Chinese cabbage “Qingmaye” to salt stress, a main variety in North China. Our results showed that the growth and photosynthesis of Chinese cabbage were significantly inhibited by salt treatment. However, as a glycophyte, Chinese cabbage could cope with high salinity; it could complete an entire life cycle at 100 mM NaCl. The high salt tolerance of Chinese cabbage was achieved by accumulating osmoprotectants and by maintaining higher activity of antioxidant enzymes. Transcriptomic responses were analyzed using the digital gene expression profiling (DGE) technique after 12 h of treatment by 200 mM NaCl. A total of 1235 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) including 740 up- and 495 down-regulated genes were identified. Functional annotation analyses showed that the DEGs were related to signal transduction, osmolyte synthesis, transcription factors, and antioxidant proteins. Taken together, this study contributes to our understanding of the mechanism of salt tolerance in Chinese cabbage and provides valuable information for further improvement of salt tolerance in Chinese cabbage breeding programs.
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129
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Jin R, Kim BH, Ji CY, Kim HS, Li HM, Ma DF, Kwak SS. Overexpressing IbCBF3 increases low temperature and drought stress tolerance in transgenic sweetpotato. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2017; 118:45-54. [PMID: 28603083 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2017.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Revised: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Dehydration-responsive element-binding/C-repeat-binding factor (DREB/CBF) proteins regulate the transcription of genes involved in cold acclimation in several species. However, little is known about the physiological functions of CBF proteins in the low temperature-sensitive crop sweetpotato. We previously reported that the DREB1/CBF-like sweetpotato gene SwDREB1/IbCBF3 is involved in responses to diverse abiotic stresses. In this study, we confirmed that IbCBF3 is localized to the nucleus and binds to the C-repeat/dehydration-responsive elements (CRT/DRE) in the promoters of cold-regulated (COR) genes. We generated transgenic sweetpotato plants overexpressing IbCBF3 under the control of the CaMV 35S promoter (referred to as SC plants) and evaluated their responses to various abiotic stresses. IbCBF3 expression was dramatically induced by cold and drought but much less strongly induced by high salinity and ABA. We further characterized two SC lines (SC3 and SC6) with high levels of IbCBF3 transcript. The SC plants displayed enhanced tolerance to cold, drought, and oxidative stress on the whole-plant level. Under cold stress treatment (4 °C for 48 h), severe wilting and chilling injury were observed in the leaves of wild-type (WT) plants, whereas SC plants were not affected by cold stress. In addition, the COR genes were significantly upregulated in SC plants compared with the WT. The SC plants also showed significantly higher tolerance to drought stress than the WT, which was associated with higher photosynthesis efficiency and lower hydrogen peroxide levels. These results indicate that IbCBF3 is a functional transcription factor involved in the responses to various abiotic stresses in sweetpotato.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Jin
- Plant Systems Engineering Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 125 Gwahak-ro, Daejeon 34141, South Korea; Department of Environmental Biotechnology, KRIBB School of Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), 217 Gajeong-ro, Daejeon 34113, South Korea; Sweetpotato Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Xuzhou 221121, Jiangsu, China
| | - Beg Hab Kim
- Plant Systems Engineering Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 125 Gwahak-ro, Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - Chang Yoon Ji
- Plant Systems Engineering Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 125 Gwahak-ro, Daejeon 34141, South Korea; Department of Environmental Biotechnology, KRIBB School of Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), 217 Gajeong-ro, Daejeon 34113, South Korea
| | - Ho Soo Kim
- Plant Systems Engineering Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 125 Gwahak-ro, Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - Hong Min Li
- Sweetpotato Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Xuzhou 221121, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dai Fu Ma
- Sweetpotato Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Xuzhou 221121, Jiangsu, China
| | - Sang-Soo Kwak
- Plant Systems Engineering Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 125 Gwahak-ro, Daejeon 34141, South Korea; Department of Environmental Biotechnology, KRIBB School of Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), 217 Gajeong-ro, Daejeon 34113, South Korea.
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Li Q, Yang A, Zhang WH. Comparative studies on tolerance of rice genotypes differing in their tolerance to moderate salt stress. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2017; 17:141. [PMID: 28814283 PMCID: PMC5559854 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-017-1089-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Moderate salt stress, which often occurs in most saline agriculture land, suppresses crop growth and reduces crop yield. Rice, as an important food crop, is sensitive to salt stress and rice genotypes differ in their tolerance to salt stress. Despite extensive studies on salt tolerance of rice, a few studies have specifically investigated the mechanism by which rice plants respond and tolerate to moderate salt stress. Two rice genotypes differing in their tolerance to saline-alkaline stress, Dongdao-4 and Jigeng-88, were used to explore physiological and molecular mechanisms underlying tolerance to moderate salt stress. RESULTS Dongdao-4 plants displayed higher biomass, chlorophyll contents, and photosynthetic rates than Jigeng-88 under conditions of salt stress. No differences in K+ concentrations, Na+ concentrations and Na+/K+ ratio in shoots between Dongdao-4 and Jigeng-88 plants were detected when challenged by salt stress, suggesting that Na+ toxicity may not underpin the greater tolerance of Dongdao-4 to salt stress than that of Jigeng-88. We further demonstrated that Dongdao-4 plants had greater capacity to accumulate soluble sugars and proline (Pro) than Jigeng-88, thus conferring greater tolerance of Dongdao-4 to osmotic stress than Jigeng-88. Moreover, Dongdao-4 suffered from less oxidative stress than Jigeng-88 under salt stress due to higher activities of catalase (CAT) in Dongdao-4 seedlings. Finally, RNA-seq revealed that Dongdao-4 and Jigeng-88 differed in their gene expression in response to salt stress, such that salt stress changed expression of 456 and 740 genes in Dongdao-4 and Jigeng-88, respectively. CONCLUSION Our results revealed that Dongdao-4 plants were capable of tolerating to salt stress by enhanced accumulation of Pro and soluble sugars to tolerate osmotic stress, increasing the activities of CAT to minimize oxidative stress, while Na+ toxicity is not involved in the greater tolerance of Dongdao-4 to moderate salt stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093 People’s Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 People’s Republic of China
| | - An Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093 People’s Republic of China
| | - Wen-Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093 People’s Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 People’s Republic of China
- Research Network of Global Change Biology, Beijing Institutes of Life Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093 China
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131
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Shin OH, Kim DY, Seo YW. Effects of different depth of grain colour on antioxidant capacity during water imbibition in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2017; 97:2750-2758. [PMID: 27753094 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.8102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2016] [Revised: 08/16/2016] [Accepted: 10/14/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The importance of the effect of phytochemical accumulation in wheat grain on grain physiology has been recognised. In this study, we tracked phytochemical concentration in the seed coat of purple wheat during the water-imbibition phase and also hypothesised that the speed of germination was only relevant to its initial phytochemical concentration. RESULTS The results indicate that the speed of germination was significantly reduced in the darker grain groups within the purple wheat. Total phenol content was slightly increased in all groups compared to their initial state, but the levels of other phytochemicals varied among groups. It is revealed that anthocyanin was significantly degraded during the water imbibition stage. Also, the activities of peroxidase, ascorbate peroxidase, catalase, glutathione S-transferase, glutathione reductase, and glutathione peroxidase in each grain colour group did not correlated with germination speed. Overall antioxidant activity was reduced as imbibition progressed in each group. Generally, darker grain groups showed higher total antioxidant activities than did lighter grain groups. CONCLUSION These findings suggested that the reduced activity of reactive oxygen species, as controlled by internal antioxidant enzymes and phytochemicals, related with germination speed during the water imbibition stage in grains with greater depth of purple colouring. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oon Ha Shin
- Division of Biotechnology, Korea University, Seongbuk-Gu, Seoul, 136-713, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Yeon Kim
- Division of Biotechnology, Korea University, Seongbuk-Gu, Seoul, 136-713, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Weon Seo
- Division of Biotechnology, Korea University, Seongbuk-Gu, Seoul, 136-713, Republic of Korea
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Wang L, Wang S, Chen W, Li H, Deng X. Physiological mechanisms contributing to increased water-use efficiency in winter wheat under organic fertilization. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0180205. [PMID: 28662113 PMCID: PMC5491151 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0180205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2016] [Accepted: 06/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Improving the efficiency of resource utilization has received increasing research attention in recent years. In this study, we explored the potential physiological mechanisms underlying improved grain yield and water-use efficiency of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) following organic fertilizer application. Two wheat cultivars, ChangHan58 (CH58) and XiNong9871 (XN9871), were grown under the same nitrogen (N) fertilizer rate (urea-N, CK; and manure plus urea-N, M) and under two watering regimes (WW, well-watered; and WS, water stress) imposed after anthesis. The M fertilizer treatment had a higher Pn and lower gs and Tr than CK under both water conditions, in particular, it significantly increased WRC and Ψw, and decreased EWLR and MDA under WS. Also, the M treatment increased post-anthesis N uptake by 81.4 and 16.4% under WS and WW, thus increasing post-anthesis photosynthetic capacity and delaying leaf senescence. Consequently, the M treatment increased post-anthesis DM accumulation under WS and WW by 51.5 and 29.6%, WUEB by 44.5 and 50.9%, grain number per plant by 11.5 and 12.2% and 1000-grain weight by 7.3 and 3.6%, respectively, compared with CK. The grain yield under M treatment increased by 23 and 15%, and water use efficiency (WUEg) by 25 and 23%, respectively. The increased WUE under organic fertilizer treatment was due to elevated photosynthesis and decreased Tr and gs. Our results suggest that the organic fertilizer treatment enabled plants to use water more efficiently under drought stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shiwen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Disaster Monitoring and Mechanism Simulating of Shaanxi Province, Baoji University of Arts and Sciences, Baoji, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hongbing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiping Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
- * E-mail:
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Fu J, Liu Z, Li Z, Wang Y, Yang K. Alleviation of the effects of saline-alkaline stress on maize seedlings by regulation of active oxygen metabolism by Trichoderma asperellum. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0179617. [PMID: 28654652 PMCID: PMC5487032 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0179617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 05/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the influence of Trichoderma asperellum on active oxygen production in maize seedlings under saline-alkaline stress conditions. Two maize cultivars were tested: 'Jiangyu 417' ('JY417'), which can tolerate saline-alkaline stress; and, 'Xianyu 335' ('XY335'), which is sensitive to saline-alkaline stress. The seedlings were grown on natural saline-alkaline soil (pH 9.30) in plastic pots. To each liter of saline-alkaline soil, 200 mL of T. asperellum spore suspension was applied; three fungal suspensions were used, namely, 1 × 103, 1 × 106, and 1 × 109 spores/L. A control with only the vehicle applied was also established, along with a second control in which untreated meadow soil (pH 8.23) was used. Root and leaf samples were collected when the seedlings had three heart-shaped leaves and the fourth was in the developmental phase. Physical and biochemical parameters related to oxidation resistance were assessed. The results indicated that the 'JY417' and 'XY335' seedlings showed different degrees of oxidative damage and differences in their antioxidant defense systems under saline-alkaline stress. As the spore density of the fungal suspension increased, the K+ and Ca2+ contents in the seedlings increased, but Na+ content decreased. Moreover, fungal treatment promoted the synthesis or accumulation of osmolytes, which enhanced the water absorbing capacity of the cells, increased antioxidant enzyme activities, enhanced the content of non-enzyme antioxidants, and reduced the accumulation of reactive oxygen species. Fungal treatment alleviated oxidative damage caused by the saline-alkaline stress in roots and leaves of the seedlings. The application of T. asperellum overcame the inhibitory effect of saline-alkaline soil stress on the growth of maize seedlings. In the present experiment, application with 1 × 109 spores/L gave the optimal results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Fu
- College of Agronomy, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Improvement and Cultivation in Cold Regions of Education Department, Daqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhihua Liu
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zuotong Li
- College of Agronomy, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Improvement and Cultivation in Cold Regions of Education Department, Daqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yufeng Wang
- College of Agronomy, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Improvement and Cultivation in Cold Regions of Education Department, Daqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kejun Yang
- College of Agronomy, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Improvement and Cultivation in Cold Regions of Education Department, Daqing, People’s Republic of China
- * E-mail:
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Yin M, Wang Y, Zhang L, Li J, Quan W, Yang L, Wang Q, Chan Z. The Arabidopsis Cys2/His2 zinc finger transcription factor ZAT18 is a positive regulator of plant tolerance to drought stress. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2017; 68:2991-3005. [PMID: 28586434 PMCID: PMC5853917 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erx157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Environmental stress poses a global threat to plant growth and reproduction, especially drought stress. Zinc finger proteins comprise a family of transcription factors that play essential roles in response to various abiotic stresses. Here, we found that ZAT18 (At3g53600), a nuclear C2H2 zinc finger protein, was transcriptionally induced by dehydration stress. Overexpression (OE) of ZAT18 in Arabidopsis improved drought tolerance while mutation of ZAT18 resulted in decreased plant tolerance to drought stress. ZAT18 was preferentially expressed in stems, siliques, and vegetative rosette leaves. Subcellular location results revealed that ZAT18 protein was predominantly localized in the nucleus. ZAT18 OE plants exhibited less leaf water loss, lower content of reactive oxygen species (ROS), higher leaf water content, and higher antioxidant enzyme activities after drought treatment when compared with the wild type (WT). RNA sequencing analysis showed that 423 and 561 genes were transcriptionally modulated by the ZAT18 transgene before and after drought treatment, respectively. Pathway enrichment analysis indicated that hormone metabolism, stress, and signaling were over-represented in ZAT18 OE lines. Several stress-responsive genes including COR47, ERD7, LEA6, and RAS1, and hormone signaling transduction-related genes including JAZ7 and PYL5 were identified as putative target genes of ZAT18. Taken together, ZAT18 functions as a positive regulator and plays a crucial role in the plant response to drought stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingzhu Yin
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden/Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yanping Wang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Lihua Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden/Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jinzhu Li
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden/Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wenli Quan
- Key Laboratory for Quality Control of Characteristic Fruits and Vegetables of Hubei Province, College of Life Science and Technology, Hubei Engineering University, Xiaogan, Hubei, China
| | - Li Yang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden/Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qingfeng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden/Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Correspondence: or
| | - Zhulong Chan
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory for Quality Control of Characteristic Fruits and Vegetables of Hubei Province, College of Life Science and Technology, Hubei Engineering University, Xiaogan, Hubei, China
- Correspondence: or
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135
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Su X, Wei F, Huo Y, Xia Z. Comparative Physiological and Molecular Analyses of Two Contrasting Flue-Cured Tobacco Genotypes under Progressive Drought Stress. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:827. [PMID: 28567053 PMCID: PMC5434153 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Accepted: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Drought is a major environmental factor that limits crop growth and productivity. Flue-cured tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) is one of the most important commercial crops worldwide and its productivity is vulnerable to drought. However, comparative analyses of physiological, biochemical and gene expression changes in flue-cured tobacco varieties differing in drought tolerance under long-term drought stress are scarce. In this study, drought stress responses of two flue-cured tobacco varieties, LJ851 and JX6007, were comparatively studied at the physiological and transcriptional levels. After exposing to progressive drought stress, the drought-tolerant LJ851 showed less growth inhibition and chlorophyll reduction than the drought-sensitive JX6007. Moreover, higher antioxidant enzyme activities and lower levels of H2O2, Malondialdehyde (MDA), and electrolyte leakage after drought stress were found in LJ851 when compared with JX6007. Further analysis showed that LJ851 plants had much less reductions than the JX6007 in the net photosynthesis rate and stomatal conductance during drought stress; indicating that LJ851 had better photosynthetic performance than JX6007 during drought. In addition, transcriptional expression analysis revealed that LJ851 exhibited significantly increased transcripts of several categories of drought-responsive genes in leaves and roots under drought conditions. Together, these results indicated that LJ851 was more drought-tolerant than JX6007 as evidenced by better photosynthetic performance, more powerful antioxidant system, and higher expression of stress defense genes during drought stress. This study will be valuable for the development of novel flue-cured tobacco varieties with improved drought tolerance by exploitation of natural genetic variations in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinhong Su
- College of Life Science, Henan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou, China
- Henan Institute of Tobacco ScienceZhengzhou, China
| | - Fengjie Wei
- College of Life Science, Henan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou, China
- Henan Institute of Tobacco ScienceZhengzhou, China
| | - Yongjin Huo
- College of Life Science, Henan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou, China
| | - Zongliang Xia
- College of Life Science, Henan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou, China
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Gou W, Zheng P, Tian L, Gao M, Zhang L, Akram NA, Ashraf M. Exogenous application of urea and a urease inhibitor improves drought stress tolerance in maize (Zea mays L.). JOURNAL OF PLANT RESEARCH 2017; 130:599-609. [PMID: 28324190 DOI: 10.1007/s10265-017-0933-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2016] [Accepted: 12/14/2016] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Drought is believed to cause many metabolic changes which affect plant growth and development. However, it might be mitigated by various inorganic substances, such as nitrogen. Thus, the study was carried out to investigate the effect of foliar-applied urea with or without urease inhibitor N-(n-butyl) thiophosphoric triamide (NBPT) on a maize cultivar under drought stress simulated by 15% (w/v) polyethylene glycol 6000. Foliar-applied urea resulted in a significant increase in plant dry weight, relative water content, and photosynthetic pigments under water stress condition. Furthermore, the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and hydrogen peroxidase (CAT), were enhanced with all spraying treatments under drought stress, which led to decreases in accumulation of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), superoxide anion ([Formula: see text]) and malondialdehyde (MDA). The contents of soluble protein and soluble sugar accumulated remarkably with urea-applied under drought stress condition. Moreover, a further enhancement in above metabolites was observed by spraying a mixture of urea and urease inhibitor as compared to urea sprayed only. Taken together, our findings show that foliar application of urea and a urease inhibitor could significantly enhance drought tolerance of maize through protecting photosynthetic apparatus, activating antioxidant defense system and improving osmoregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Gou
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, People's Republic of China
| | - Pufan Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, People's Republic of China
| | - Mei Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, People's Republic of China
| | - Lixin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, People's Republic of China.
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137
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Zhang W, Xie Z, Wang L, Li M, Lang D, Zhang X. Silicon alleviates salt and drought stress of Glycyrrhiza uralensis seedling by altering antioxidant metabolism and osmotic adjustment. JOURNAL OF PLANT RESEARCH 2017; 130:611-624. [PMID: 28290079 DOI: 10.1007/s10265-017-0927-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 01/11/2017] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
This study was conducted to determine effect and mechanism of exogenous silicon (Si) on salt and drought tolerance of Glycyrrhiza uralensis seedling by focusing on the pathways of antioxidant defense and osmotic adjustment. Seedling growth, lipid peroxidation, antioxidant metabolism, osmolytes concentration and Si content of G. uralensis seedlings were analyzed under control, salt and drought stress [100 mM NaCl with 0, 10 and 20% of PEG-6000 (Polyethylene glycol-6000)] with or without 1 mM Si. Si addition markedly affected the G. uralensis growth in a combined dose of NaCl and PEG dependent manner. In brief, Si addition improved germination rate, germination index, seedling vitality index and biomass under control and NaCl; Si also increased radicle length under control, NaCl and NaCl-10% PEG, decreased radicle length, seedling vitality index and germination parameters under NaCl-20% PEG. The salt and drought stress-induced-oxidative stress was modulated by Si application. Generally, Si application increased catalase (CAT) activity under control and NaCl-10% PEG, ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activity under all treatments and glutathione (GSH) content under salt combined drought stress as compared with non-Si treatments, which resisted to the increase of superoxide radicals and hydrogen peroxide caused by salt and drought stress and further decreased membrane permeability and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration. Si application also increased proline concentration under NaCl and NaCl-20% PEG, but decreased it under NaCl-10% PEG, indicating proline play an important role in G. uralensis seedling response to osmotic stress. In conclusion, Si could ameliorate adverse effects of salt and drought stress on G. uralensis likely by reducing oxidative stress and osmotic stress, and the oxidative stress was regulated through enhancing of antioxidants (mainly CAT, APX and GSH) and osmotic stress was regulated by proline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjin Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Zhicai Xie
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Lianhong Wang
- Yantai Institute of Forestry Science, Yantai, 264013, Shandong, China
| | - Ming Li
- Desertification Control Institute, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan, China
| | - Duoyong Lang
- Laboratory Animal Center, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Xinhui Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China.
- Ningxia Engineering and Technology Research Center of Hui Medicine Modernization, Ningxia Collaborative Innovation Center of Hui Medicine, Laboratory of Hui Ethnic Medicine Modernization, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China.
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138
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Germination of Seeds and Seedling Growth of Amaranthus retroflexus L. Following Sublethal Exposure of Parent Plants to Herbicides. Sci Rep 2017; 7:157. [PMID: 28279017 PMCID: PMC5427873 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-00153-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2016] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Herbicides have long-term effects on the vegetative parts and reproduction of plants; however, the carry-over effects of herbicides on the F1 generation of invasive plants remain unclear. The objectives of this work were to investigate the germination and growth of the F1 generation of A. retroflexus, an invasion plant, treated by sublethal herbicides. The results demonstrated that atrazine or tribenuron-methyl had carry-over effects on the F1 generation of A. retroflexus. Atrazine or tribenuron-methyl exposure during the vegetative and reproductive periods significantly inhibited the germination and growth of the F1 generation; a lower sublethal dose of atrazine or tribenuron-methyl did not weaken the inhibition of germination or growth of the F1 generation. Our results suggest that although herbicides have a carry-over inhibition effect on the F1 generation of invasive plants, they may have a more serious carry-over effect on native plants and cause changes in weed species composition and weed diversity.
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139
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Allelopathic potential of invasive species: Nicotiana glauca Graham on some ecological and physiological aspects of Medicago sativa L. and Triticum aestivum L. RENDICONTI LINCEI 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s12210-016-0587-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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140
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Zhang F, Chen C, Zhang F, Gao L, Liu J, Chen L, Fan X, Liu C, Zhang K, He Y, Chen C, Ji X. Trichoderma harzianum containing 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase and chitinase improved growth and diminished adverse effect caused by Fusarium oxysporum in soybean. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2017; 210:84-94. [PMID: 28135657 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2016.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2016] [Revised: 07/24/2016] [Accepted: 10/24/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
An isolate, named Trichoderma harzianum T-soybean, showed growth-promoting for soybean seedlings and induced resistance to Fusarium oxysporum under greenhouse. Compared to control soybean seedlings, fresh weight, dry weight, lateral root number, chlorophyll content, root activity and soluble protein of plants pretreated with T-soybean increased, but initial pod height reduced. Furthermore, we found that T-soybean inhibited the growth of F. oxysporum by parasitic function. In addition, plate test results showed that culture filtrates of T-soybean also inhibited significantly F. oxysporum growth. Meanwhile, T-soybean treatment obviously reduced disease severity and induced quickly the H2O2 and O2- burst as well as pathogenesis related protein gene (PR3) expression after F. oxysporum inoculation, and subsequently diminished the cell damage in soybean caused by the pathogen challenge. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging enzymes activity analysis showed that the activities of peroxidase (POD), polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) increased significantly in T-soybean pretreated plants. These results suggested that T-soybean treatment induced resistance in soybean seedlings to F. oxysporum by companying the production of ROS and the increasing of ROS scavenging enzymes activity as well as PR3 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuli Zhang
- College of Life Science and Agronomy, Zhoukou Normal University, Wenchangjie Dongduan, ZhouKou 466001, China.
| | - Can Chen
- College of Life Science and Agronomy, Zhoukou Normal University, Wenchangjie Dongduan, ZhouKou 466001, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- College of Life Science and Agronomy, Zhoukou Normal University, Wenchangjie Dongduan, ZhouKou 466001, China
| | - Lidong Gao
- Henan Lotus Gourmet Powder Inc., XiangCheng 466200, China
| | - Jidong Liu
- Henan Lotus Gourmet Powder Inc., XiangCheng 466200, China
| | - Long Chen
- College of Life Science and Agronomy, Zhoukou Normal University, Wenchangjie Dongduan, ZhouKou 466001, China.
| | - Xiaoning Fan
- College of Life Science and Agronomy, Zhoukou Normal University, Wenchangjie Dongduan, ZhouKou 466001, China
| | - Chang Liu
- College of Life Science and Agronomy, Zhoukou Normal University, Wenchangjie Dongduan, ZhouKou 466001, China
| | - Ke Zhang
- College of Life Science and Agronomy, Zhoukou Normal University, Wenchangjie Dongduan, ZhouKou 466001, China
| | - Yuting He
- College of Life Science and Agronomy, Zhoukou Normal University, Wenchangjie Dongduan, ZhouKou 466001, China
| | - Chen Chen
- College of Life Science and Agronomy, Zhoukou Normal University, Wenchangjie Dongduan, ZhouKou 466001, China
| | - Xiue Ji
- College of Life Science and Agronomy, Zhoukou Normal University, Wenchangjie Dongduan, ZhouKou 466001, China
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141
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Wang W, Xia MX, Chen J, Yuan R, Deng FN, Shen FF. Gene Expression Characteristics and Regulation Mechanisms of Superoxide Dismutase and Its Physiological Roles in Plants under Stress. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2017; 81:465-80. [PMID: 27297897 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297916050047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Superoxide dismutases (SODs) are key enzymes functioning as the first line of antioxidant defense by virtue of the ability to convert highly reactive superoxide radicals to hydrogen peroxide and molecular oxygen. SOD plays a central role in protecting plants against the toxic effects of reactive oxygen species generated during normal cellular metabolic activity or as a result of various environmental stresses. Our review focuses on the characteristics of expression of SOD genes, the mechanisms regulating expression of SOD genes at transcriptional, posttranscriptional, and translation levels, and their functional role(s) during development and in response to biotic or abiotic stresses. We propose two important research directions: studying SOD at the genome-wide or proteome-wide level, and improving plant stress tolerances by selecting varieties using transgenic technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, China.
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Wei S, Ma X, Pan L, Miao J, Fu J, Bai L, Zhang Z, Guan Y, Mo C, Huang H, Chen M. Transcriptome Analysis of Taxillusi chinensis (DC.) Danser Seeds in Response to Water Loss. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0169177. [PMID: 28046012 PMCID: PMC5207531 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0169177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2016] [Accepted: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Taxillus chinensis (DC.) Danser, the official species of parasitic loranthus that grows by parasitizing other plants, is used in various traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions. ABA-dependent and ABA-independent pathways are two major pathways in response to drought stress for plants and some genes have been reported to play a key role during the dehydration including dehydration-responsive protein RD22, late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) proteins, and various transcription factors (TFs) like MYB and WRKY. However, genes responding to dehydration are still unknown in loranthus. METHODS AND RESULTS Initially, loranthus seeds were characterized as recalcitrant seeds. Then, biological replicates of fresh loranthus seeds (CK), and seeds after being dehydrated for 16 hours (Tac-16) and 36 hours (Tac-36) were sequenced by RNA-Seq, generating 386,542,846 high quality reads. A total of 164,546 transcripts corresponding to 114,971 genes were assembled by Trinity and annotated by mapping them to NCBI non-redundant (NR), UniProt, GO, KEGG pathway and COG databases. Transcriptome profiling identified 60,695, 56,027 and 66,389 transcripts (>1 FPKM) in CK, Tac-16 and Tac-36, respectively. Compared to CK, we obtained 2,102 up-regulated and 1,344 down-regulated transcripts in Tac-16 and 1,649 up-regulated and 2,135 down-regulated transcripts in Tac-36 by using edgeR. Among them some have been reported to function in dehydration process, such as RD22, heat shock proteins (HSP) and various TFs (MYB, WRKY and ethylene-responsive transcription factors). Interestingly, transcripts encoding ribosomal proteins peaked in Tac-16. It is indicated that HSPs and ribosomal proteins may function in early response to drought stress. Raw sequencing data can be accessed in NCBI SRA platform under the accession number SRA309567. CONCLUSIONS This is the first time to profile transcriptome globally in loranthus seeds. Our findings provide insights into the gene regulations of loranthus seeds in response to water loss and expand our current understanding of drought tolerance and germination of seeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shugen Wei
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Xiaojun Ma
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- * E-mail: (XM); (JF)
| | - Limei Pan
- Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Jianhua Miao
- Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Jine Fu
- Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- * E-mail: (XM); (JF)
| | - Longhua Bai
- Yunnan Branch Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Jinghong, China
| | - Zhonglian Zhang
- Yunnan Branch Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Jinghong, China
| | - Yanhong Guan
- Yunnan Branch Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Jinghong, China
| | - Changming Mo
- Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Hao Huang
- Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Maoshan Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science (LIMS), La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Arshad M, Gruber MY, Wall K, Hannoufa A. An Insight into microRNA156 Role in Salinity Stress Responses of Alfalfa. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:356. [PMID: 28352280 PMCID: PMC5348497 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2016] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Salinity is one of the major abiotic stresses affecting alfalfa productivity. Developing salinity tolerant alfalfa genotypes could contribute to sustainable crop production. The functions of microRNA156 (miR156) have been investigated in several plant species, but so far, no studies have been published that explore the role of miR156 in alfalfa response to salinity stress. In this work, we studied the role of miR156 in modulating commercially important traits of alfalfa under salinity stress. Our results revealed that overexpression of miR156 increased biomass, number of branches and time to complete growth stages, while it reduced plant height under control and salinity stress conditions. We observed a miR156-related reduction in neutral detergent fiber under non-stress, and acid detergent fiber under mild salinity stress conditions. In addition, enhanced total Kjeldahl nitrogen content was recorded in miR156 overexpressing genotypes under severe salinity stress. Furthermore, alfalfa genotypes overexpressing miR156 exhibited an altered ion homeostasis under salinity conditions. Under severe salinity stress, miR156 downregulated SPL transcription factor family genes, modified expression of other important transcription factors, and downstream salt stress responsive genes. Taken together, our results reveal that miR156 plays a role in mediating physiological and transcriptional responses of alfalfa to salinity stress.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ken Wall
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Swift CurrentSK, Canada
| | - Abdelali Hannoufa
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, LondonON, Canada
- *Correspondence: Abdelali Hannoufa,
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Wang Z, Su G, Li M, Ke Q, Kim SY, Li H, Huang J, Xu B, Deng XP, Kwak SS. Overexpressing Arabidopsis ABF3 increases tolerance to multiple abiotic stresses and reduces leaf size in alfalfa. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2016; 109:199-208. [PMID: 27721135 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2016.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Revised: 09/28/2016] [Accepted: 09/30/2016] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Arabidopsis ABSCISIC ACID-RESPONSIVE ELEMENT-BINDING FACTOR 3 (ABF3), a bZIP transcription factor, plays an important role in regulating multiple stress responses in plants. Overexpressing AtABF3 increases tolerance to various stresses in several plant species. Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), one of the most important perennial forage crops worldwide, has high yields, high nutritional value, and good palatability and is widely distributed in irrigated and semi-arid regions throughout the world. However, drought and salt stress pose major constraints to alfalfa production. In this study, we developed transgenic alfalfa plants (cv. Xinjiang Daye) expressing AtABF3 under the control of the sweetpotato oxidative stress-inducible SWPA2 promoter (referred to as SAF plants) via Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation. After drought stress treatment, we selected two transgenic lines with high expression of AtABF3, SAF5 and SAF6, for further characterization. Under normal conditions, SAF plants showed smaller leaf size compared to non-transgenic (NT) plants, while no other morphological changes were observed. Moreover, SAF plants exhibited enhanced drought stress tolerance and better growth under drought stress treatment, which was accompanied by a reduced transpiration rate and lower reactive oxygen species contents. In addition, SAF plants showed an increased tolerance to salt and oxidative stress. Therefore, these transgenic AtABF3 alfalfa plants might be useful for breeding forage crops with enhanced tolerance to environmental stress for use in sustainable agriculture on marginal lands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, PR China
| | - Guoxia Su
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, PR China
| | - Min Li
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, PR China
| | - Qingbo Ke
- Plant Systems Engineering Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Young Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hongbing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, PR China
| | - Jin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, PR China
| | - Bingcheng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, PR China
| | - Xi-Ping Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, PR China
| | - Sang-Soo Kwak
- Plant Systems Engineering Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
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145
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Abbaspour J, Ehsanpour AA. Physiological targets of salicylic acid on Artemisia aucheri BOISS as a medicinal and aromatic plant grown under in vitro drought stress. BOTANICAL STUDIES 2016; 57:39. [PMID: 28597449 PMCID: PMC5430568 DOI: 10.1186/s40529-016-0154-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Artemisia aucheri BOISS is a medicinal and aromatic plant, which is endemic to mountainous areas of Iran and surroundings. In this study, we investigated the alleviating effects of salicylic acid (SA) pretreatment (0.01 and 0.1 mM) on A. aucheri under in vitro drought stress induced by 2 and 4% polyethylene glycol (PEG/6000). RESULTS Plants exposed to PEG stress showed higher levels of H2O2, MDA and electrolyte leakage compared with control. While SA pretreatment decreased these parameters under PEG stress significantly. The activity of CAT, POD, APX, SOD and GR positively changed with PEG and more induction in activity of antioxidant enzymes was observed in SA-pretreated plants under PEG stress. Furthermore, ASA, GSH and their redox ratios (ASC/DHA and GSH/GSSG) enhanced with SA pretreatments. Analysis of our data revealed that MDA, DHA and H2O2 were the best targets for SA under in vitro PEG treatment for A. aucheri plants. CONCLUSIONS Salicylic acid as a signal molecule mitigated adverse effects of PEG-simulated drought stress on A. aucheri under in vitro condition by improving the activity of antioxidant enzymes. In addition, protective role of SA was also related to promotion of ascorbate-glutathione cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jalil Abbaspour
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ali Akbar Ehsanpour
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
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146
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Sadeghi L, Tanwir F, Yousefi Babadi V. Antioxidant effects of alfalfa can improve iron oxide nanoparticle damage: Invivo and invitro studies. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2016; 81:39-46. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2016.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2016] [Revised: 07/12/2016] [Accepted: 07/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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147
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Israr D, Mustafa G, Khan KS, Shahzad M, Ahmad N, Masood S. Interactive effects of phosphorus and Pseudomonas putida on chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) growth, nutrient uptake, antioxidant enzymes and organic acids exudation. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2016; 108:304-312. [PMID: 27485620 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2016.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2016] [Revised: 07/25/2016] [Accepted: 07/25/2016] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorus (P) availability in alkaline soils of arid and semi-arid regions is a major constraint for decreased crop productivity. Use of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) may enhance plant growth through the increased plant antioxidation activity. Additionally, PGPR may increase nutrient uptake by plants as a result of induced root exudation and rhizosphere acidification. The current study was aimed to investigate combined effects of P and Pesudomonas putida (PGPR) on chickpea growth with reference to antioxidative enzymatic activity and root exudation mediated plant nutrient uptake, particularly P. Half of the seeds were soaked in PGPR solution, whereas others in sterile water and latter sown in soils. Plants were harvested 8 weeks after onset of experiment and analyzed for leaf nutrient contents, antioxidant enzymes activities and organic acids concentrations. Without PGPR, P application (+P) increased various plant growth attributes, plant uptake of P and Ca, soil pH, citric acid and oxalic acid concentrations, whereas decreased the leaf POD enzymatic activity as compared to the P-deficiency. PGPR supply both under -P and +P improved the plant growth, plant uptake of N, P, and K, antioxidative activity of SOD and POD enzymes and concentrations of organic acids, whereas reduced the rhizosphere soil pH. Growth enhancement by PGPR supply was related to higher plant antioxidation activity as well as nutrient uptake of chickpea including P as a result of root exudation mediated rhizosphere acidification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dania Israr
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, 45320, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Ghulam Mustafa
- Department of Soil Science, Bahauddin Zakariya University, 60800, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Khalid Saifullah Khan
- Department of Soil Science & SWC, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University, 46300, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Shahzad
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, 22060, Abottabad, Pakistan
| | - Niaz Ahmad
- Department of Soil Science, Bahauddin Zakariya University, 60800, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Sajid Masood
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, 45320, Islamabad, Pakistan.
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148
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Wang X, Cai X, Xu C, Wang Q, Dai S. Drought-Responsive Mechanisms in Plant Leaves Revealed by Proteomics. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:E1706. [PMID: 27763546 PMCID: PMC5085738 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17101706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Revised: 09/06/2016] [Accepted: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant drought tolerance is a complex trait that requires a global view to understand its underlying mechanism. The proteomic aspects of plant drought response have been extensively investigated in model plants, crops and wood plants. In this review, we summarize recent proteomic studies on drought response in leaves to reveal the common and specialized drought-responsive mechanisms in different plants. Although drought-responsive proteins exhibit various patterns depending on plant species, genotypes and stress intensity, proteomic analyses show that dominant changes occurred in sensing and signal transduction, reactive oxygen species scavenging, osmotic regulation, gene expression, protein synthesis/turnover, cell structure modulation, as well as carbohydrate and energy metabolism. In combination with physiological and molecular results, proteomic studies in leaves have helped to discover some potential proteins and/or metabolic pathways for drought tolerance. These findings provide new clues for understanding the molecular basis of plant drought tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Wang
- Development Centre of Plant Germplasm Resources, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China.
| | - Xiaofeng Cai
- Development Centre of Plant Germplasm Resources, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China.
| | - Chenxi Xu
- Development Centre of Plant Germplasm Resources, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China.
| | - Quanhua Wang
- Development Centre of Plant Germplasm Resources, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China.
| | - Shaojun Dai
- Development Centre of Plant Germplasm Resources, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China.
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149
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Differential response to physiological drought stress in tolerant and susceptible cultivars of canola. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s40502-016-0239-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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150
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Saadani O, Fatnassi IC, Chiboub M, Abdelkrim S, Barhoumi F, Jebara M, Jebara SH. In situ phytostabilisation capacity of three legumes and their associated Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria (PGPBs) in mine tailings of northern Tunisia. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2016; 130:263-269. [PMID: 27151677 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2016.04.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2015] [Revised: 04/23/2016] [Accepted: 04/25/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
PGPBs-legumes associations represent an alternative procedure for phytostabilisation of heavy metals polluted soils mainly generated by industrial and agricultural practices. In this study we evaluated the capacity of Vicia faba, Lens culinaris and Sulla coronaria, inoculated in situ by specific heavy metals resistant inocula, for the phytostabilisation of copper, lead and cadmium respectively. The experimentation was performed in mine tailings of northern Tunisia. Results proved that inoculation enhanced roots and shoots biomass production of faba bean by 14% and 12%, respectively, and significantly improved pods yield by 91%. In lentil, the inoculation ameliorated shoot biomass up to 27%. The highest nitrogen fixation was recorded by Sulla coronaria. The three symbioses accumulated heavy metals essentially in roots, and poorly in shoots. In addition, cadmium accumulation in roots of inoculated sulla was enhanced by 39%. Furthermore, inoculations decreased heavy metals availability in the soil up to -10% of Cu and -47% of Pb respectively in roots of faba bean and lentil. Our results suggested a positive effect of co-inoculation of legumes by appropriate heavy metals resistant PGPBs for the phytostabilisation of mine tailings. Elsewhere, the enhancement in the antioxidant enzymes activities demonstrated the role of the three inocula to alleviate the heavy metals induced stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Saadani
- Centre de Biotechnologie Borj Cedria, University Tunis El Manar, BP 901, 2050 Hammam Lif, Tunisia.
| | - Imen Challougui Fatnassi
- Centre de Biotechnologie Borj Cedria, University Tunis El Manar, BP 901, 2050 Hammam Lif, Tunisia
| | - Manel Chiboub
- Centre de Biotechnologie Borj Cedria, University Tunis El Manar, BP 901, 2050 Hammam Lif, Tunisia
| | - Souhir Abdelkrim
- Centre de Biotechnologie Borj Cedria, University Tunis El Manar, BP 901, 2050 Hammam Lif, Tunisia
| | - Fathi Barhoumi
- Centre de Biotechnologie Borj Cedria, University Tunis El Manar, BP 901, 2050 Hammam Lif, Tunisia
| | - Moez Jebara
- Centre de Biotechnologie Borj Cedria, University Tunis El Manar, BP 901, 2050 Hammam Lif, Tunisia
| | - Salwa Harzalli Jebara
- Centre de Biotechnologie Borj Cedria, University Tunis El Manar, BP 901, 2050 Hammam Lif, Tunisia
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