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Huang W, Gao Y, Xu R, Yang Z, Yu P, Ye T, Ritchie EA, Li S, Guo Y. Health Effects of Cyclones: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Epidemiological Studies. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2023; 131:86001. [PMID: 37639476 PMCID: PMC10461789 DOI: 10.1289/ehp12158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND More intense cyclones are expected in the future as a result of climate change. A comprehensive review is urgently needed to summarize and update the evidence on the health effects of cyclones. OBJECTIVES We aimed to provide a systematic review with meta-analysis of current evidence on the risks of all reported health outcomes related to cyclones and to identify research gaps and make recommendations for further research. METHODS We systematically searched five electronic databases (MEDLINE, Embase, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science) for relevant studies in English published before 21 December 2022. Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines, we developed inclusion criteria, screened the literature, and included epidemiological studies with a quantitative risk assessment of any mortality or morbidity-related outcomes associated with cyclone exposures. We extracted key data and assessed study quality for these studies and applied meta-analyses to quantify the overall effect estimate and the heterogeneity of comparable studies. RESULTS In total, 71 studies from eight countries (the United States, China, India, Japan, the Philippines, South Korea, Australia, Brazil), mostly the United States, were included in the review. These studies investigated the all-cause and cause-specific mortality, as well as morbidity related to injury, cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), respiratory diseases, infectious diseases, mental disorders, adverse birth outcomes, cancer, diabetes, and other outcomes (e.g., suicide rates, gender-based violence). Studies mostly included only one high-amplitude cyclone (cyclones with a Saffir-Simpson category of 4 or 5, i.e., Hurricanes Katrina or Sandy) and focused on mental disorders morbidity and all-cause mortality and hospitalizations. Consistently elevated risks of overall mental health morbidity, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), as well as all-cause mortality or hospitalizations, were found to be associated with cyclones. However, the results for other outcomes were generally mixed or limited. A statistically significant overall relative risk of 1.09 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.04, 1.13], 1.18 (95% CI: 1.12, 1.25), 1.15 (95% CI: 1.13, 1.18), 1.26 (95% CI: 1.05, 1.50) was observed for all-cause mortality, all-cause hospitalizations, respiratory disease, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease hospitalizations, respectively, after cyclone exposures, whereas no statistically significant risks were identified for diabetes mortality, heart disease mortality, and preterm birth. High between-study heterogeneity was observed. CONCLUSIONS There is generally consistent evidence supporting the notion that high-amplitude cyclones could significantly increase risks of mental disorders, especially for PTSD, as well as mortality and hospitalizations, but the evidence for other health outcomes, such as chronic diseases (e.g., CVDs, cancer, diabetes), and adverse birth outcomes remains limited or inconsistent. More studies with rigorous exposure assessment, of larger spatial and temporal scales, and using advanced modeling strategy are warranted in the future, especially for those small cyclone-prone countries or regions with low and middle incomes. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP12158.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenzhong Huang
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Yuan Gao
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Rongbin Xu
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Zhengyu Yang
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Pei Yu
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Tingting Ye
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Elizabeth A. Ritchie
- School of Earth Atmosphere and Environment, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Civil Engineering, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Shanshan Li
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Yuming Guo
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Kiarsi M, Amiresmaili M, Mahmoodi MR, Farahmandnia H, Nakhaee N, Zareiyan A, Aghababaeian H. Heat waves and adaptation: A global systematic review. J Therm Biol 2023; 116:103588. [PMID: 37499408 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2023.103588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Given the increasing trend of global warming and extreme weather conditions, including heat waves and its effects on health, the present study was done to investigate adaptive behaviors of communities in the world for combating heat waves. METHOD ology: In this systematic review, out of 1529 results, 57 relevant and authoritative English papers on adaptation to heat waves hazard were extracted and evaluated using valid keywords from valid databases (PubMed, WOS, EMBASE, and Scopus). In addition, multiple screening steps were done and then, the selected papers were qualitatively assessed. Evaluation results were summarized using an Extraction Table. RESULTS In this paper, the adaptive behaviors for combating heat waves hazard were summarized into 11 categories: Education and awareness raising, Adaptation of critical infrastructure, Governments measures, Health-related measures, Application of early warning system, Protective behaviors in workplace, Physical condition, Adaptive individual behaviors, Design and architecture of the building, Green infrastructure (green cover), and Urban design. CONCLUSION The findings of this study showed that community actions have significant effects on adaptation to heat wave. Therefore, for reducing heat wave-related negative health effects and vulnerability, more attention should be paid to the above-mentioned actions for mitigation, preparation, and responding regarding heat waves. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42021257747.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Kiarsi
- Department of Medical Emergencies, Dezful University of Medical Sciences, Dezful, Iran; Center for Climate Change and Health Research (CCCHR), Dezful University of Medical Sciences, Dezful, Iran.
| | - Mohammadreza Amiresmaili
- Health in Disasters and Emergencies Research Center, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran; Department of Health in Emergencies and Disasters, School of Management and Medical Information Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Reza Mahmoodi
- Department of Health in Emergencies and Disasters, School of Management and Medical Information Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran; Physiology Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Public Health, Kerman, Iran.
| | - Hojjat Farahmandnia
- Health in Disasters and Emergencies Research Center, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran; Department of Health in Emergencies and Disasters, School of Management and Medical Information Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
| | - Nouzar Nakhaee
- Health in Disasters and Emergencies Research Center, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran; Health Services Management Research Center, Institute of Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
| | - Armin Zareiyan
- Public Health Department, Health in Emergencies and Disasters Department, Nursing Faculty, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Hamidreza Aghababaeian
- Department of Medical Emergencies, Dezful University of Medical Sciences, Dezful, Iran; Center for Climate Change and Health Research (CCCHR), Dezful University of Medical Sciences, Dezful, Iran.
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Abstract
The climate crisis is a major public health threat for children, disproportionately affecting the most vulnerable populations. Climate change causes a myriad of health issues for children, including respiratory illness, heat stress, infectious disease, the effects of weather-related disasters, and psychological sequelae. Pediatric clinicians must identify and address these issues in the clinical setting. Strong advocacy from pediatric clinicians is needed to help prevent the worst effects of the climate crisis and to support the elimination of use of fossil fuels and enactment of climate-friendly policies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ruth A Etzel
- Milken Institute School of Public Health, The George Washington University, 950 New Hampshire Avenue, Northwest, Washington, DC 20052, USA.
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Vésier C, Urban A. Gender inequalities in heat-related mortality in the Czech Republic. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOMETEOROLOGY 2023:10.1007/s00484-023-02507-2. [PMID: 37428233 PMCID: PMC10386945 DOI: 10.1007/s00484-023-02507-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
It is acknowledged that climate change exacerbates social inequalities, and women have been reported as more vulnerable to heat than men in many studies in Europe, including the Czech Republic. This study aimed at investigating the associations between daily temperature and mortality in the Czech Republic in the light of a sex and gender perspective, taking into account other factors such as age and marital status. Daily mean temperature and individual mortality data recorded during the five warmest months of the year (from May to September) over the period 1995-2019 were used to fit a quasi-Poisson regression model, which included a distributed lag non-linear model (DLNM) to account for the delayed and non-linear effects of temperature on mortality. The heat-related mortality risks obtained in each population group were expressed in terms of risk at the 99th percentile of summer temperature relative to the minimum mortality temperature. Women were found generally more at risk to die because of heat than men, and the difference was larger among people over 85 years old. Risks among married people were lower than risks among single, divorced, and widowed people, while risks in divorced women were significantly higher than in divorced men. This is a novel finding which highlights the potential role of gender inequalities in heat-related mortality. Our study underlines the relevance of including a sex and gender dimension in the analysis of the impacts of heat on the population and advocates the development of gender-based adaptation policies to extreme heat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chloé Vésier
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences, Kamycka 129, 165 00, Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Aleš Urban
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences, Kamycka 129, 165 00, Prague, Czech Republic
- Institute of Atmospheric Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Boční II 1401, 141 00, Prague, Czech Republic
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Climate change is a major public health threat worldwide. Operating theaters are responsible for extensive waste production due to the resource-intensive nature of surgery, including hand surgery. METHODS An online literature search was performed to ascertain the approaches that surgeons may undertake to positively impact the environment. RESULTS Surgeons can make hand surgery more carbon neutral through various measures that have been categorized as pre-, intra-, and postoperative interventions. With all changes, the aims are to minimize waste and costs while optimizing patient outcomes. CONCLUSIONS Administrative obstacles to implementing pro-climate hospital changes may be overcome by also considering likely cost benefits with many environmentally friendly measures. New measures in hand surgery should consider patient safety, clinical efficacy, cost effectiveness, and the environmental impact.
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106
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Nguyen HT, Christian H, Le HT, Connelly L, Zubrick SR, Mitrou F. The impact of weather on time allocation to physical activity and sleep of child-parent dyads. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 880:163249. [PMID: 37023819 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Previous studies showed that unfavourable weather conditions discourage physical activity. However, it remains unclear whether unfavourable weather conditions have a differential impact on physical activity in children compared with adults. We aim to explore the differential impact of weather on time allocation to physical activity and sleep by children and their parents. METHOD We use nationally representative data with time use indicators objectively measured on multiple occasions for >1100 Australian pairs of 12-13-year-old children and their middle-aged parents, coupled with daily meteorological data. We employ an individual fixed effects regression model to estimate the causal impact of weather. RESULTS We find that unfavourable weather conditions, as measured by cold or hot temperatures or rain, cause children to reduce moderate- and vigorous-intensity physical activity time and increase sedentary time. However, such weather conditions have little impact on children's sleep time or the time allocation of their parents. We also find substantial differential weather impact, especially on children's time allocation, by weekdays/weekends and parental employment status, suggesting that these factors may contribute to explaining the differential weather impact that we observed. Our results additionally provide evidence of adaptation, as temperature appears to have a more pronounced impact on time allocation in colder months and colder regions. CONCLUSION Our finding of a negative impact of unfavourable weather conditions on the time allocated to physical activity by children indicates a need to design policies to encourage them to be more physically active on days with unfavourable weather conditions and hence improve child health and wellbeing. Evidence of a more pronounced and negative impact on the time allocated to physical activity by children than their parents suggests that extreme weather conditions, including those associated with climate change, could make children vulnerable to reduced physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ha Trong Nguyen
- Telethon Kids Institute & The University of Western Australia, Australia.
| | - Hayley Christian
- Telethon Kids Institute & The University of Western Australia, Australia
| | - Huong Thu Le
- Telethon Kids Institute & The University of Western Australia, Australia
| | - Luke Connelly
- The University of Queensland, Australia & The University of Bologna, Italy
| | - Stephen R Zubrick
- Telethon Kids Institute & The University of Western Australia, Australia
| | - Francis Mitrou
- Telethon Kids Institute & The University of Western Australia, Australia
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107
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Zavaleta-Cortijo C, Cade J, Ford J, Greenwood DC, Carcamo C, Silvera-Ccallo R, Fernandez-Neyra C, Lancha-Rucoba G, Pizango-Tangoa M, Pizango-Inuma R, Chanchari-Huiñapi J, Velez-Quevedo J, Inuma-Tangoa N, Antazu T, Miranda-Cuadros M, Aparco JP, Aro-Guardia P, Verastegui M, Morales-Ancajima V, Bressan T, Miranda JJ. Does food biodiversity protect against malnutrition and favour the resilience to climate change-related events in Amazon Indigenous communities? A protocol for a mixed methods study. Wellcome Open Res 2023; 7:246. [PMID: 38463717 PMCID: PMC10924752 DOI: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.18235.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Background : Undernutrition is projected to be a major consequence of climate change. Biodiversity could enhance climate change resilience by improving nutritional outcomes and providing healthy food resources during and/or after climate-related events. For Indigenous populations who currently base their diet on local biodiversity, rapid climate changes may affect their ability to produce, access or gather food and consequently impact their nutritional status. There is a knowledge gap regarding whether nutritional status among Indigenous populations is better among those who consume a diet with greater biodiversity than those who have a diet with low biodiversity. Objective : This study aims to investigate the role of food biodiversity (FBD) in nutritional resilience to extreme flooding events of Shawi Amazon Indigenous adults living in Peruvian communities that have experienced extreme floods in the past five years. Methods : This study will use a mixed-method sequential explanatory design. The quantitative component includes a cross-sectional survey to assess the association between food biodiversity (FBD) and the prevalence of anaemia in adults aged 15 to 60 years old (n=365). Anaemia will be evaluated using blood hemoglobin and serum ferritin. FBD will be measured with a food frequency questionnaire and a 24-hour dietary recall. Soil-transmitted helminth infections, malaria, and inflammatory biomarkers will also be evaluated. The qualitative component will include a community-based participatory approach to investigate the role of FBD in the responses to extreme floods. Male (n=14) and female (n=14) participants, previously identified in the quantitative phase with high and low levels of FBD, will be invited to participate in a Photovoice activity and semi-structured interviews. A analytical framework for climate change resilience will be used to integrate the data. Discussion : Findings will be integrated to identify nutritional resilience indicators that can inform adaptative interventions to changing climatic conditions in the Amazon and that respect Indigenous worldviews.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carol Zavaleta-Cortijo
- Unidad de Ciudadanía Intercultural y Salud Indígena, Facultad de Salud Pública y Administración,, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, San Martín de Porres, Lima, 15102, Peru
| | - Janet Cade
- Nutritional Epidemiology Group, School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS 2 9JT, UK
| | - James Ford
- Priestley International Centre for Climate, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS 2 9JT, UK
| | | | - Cesar Carcamo
- Facultad de Salud Pública y Administración, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, San Martín de Porres, Lima, 15102, Peru
| | - Rosa Silvera-Ccallo
- Unidad de Ciudadanía Intercultural y Salud Indígena, Facultad de Salud Pública y Administración,, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, San Martín de Porres, Lima, 15102, Peru
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Jorge Velez-Quevedo
- Taller Verde, Caserio San Luis s/n , Carretera Munichis, San Rafael, Yurimaguas, Peru
| | - Nerita Inuma-Tangoa
- Comunidad de Palmiche, Pueblo Indígena Shawi, cuenca del río Sillay, Loreto, Peru
| | - Teresita Antazu
- Programa Mujer, Asociación Interétnica de Desarrollo de la Selva Peruana (AIDESEP), La Victoria, Lima, 15034, Peru
| | - Marianella Miranda-Cuadros
- Centro Nacional de Alimentación y Nutrición, Instituto Nacional de Salud, Jesús María, Lima, 15072, Peru
| | - Juan Pablo Aparco
- Centro Nacional de Alimentación y Nutrición, Instituto Nacional de Salud, Jesús María, Lima, 15072, Peru
| | - Pedro Aro-Guardia
- Centro de Hemoterapia y Banco de Sangre, Hospital Nacional Cayetano Heredia, San Martín de Porres, Lima, 15102, Peru
| | - Manuela Verastegui
- Infectious Diseases Research Laboratory of the LID, Faculty of Sciences and Philosophy, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, San Martín de Porres, Lima, 15102, Peru
| | - Valeria Morales-Ancajima
- Unidad de Ciudadanía Intercultural y Salud Indígena, Facultad de Salud Pública y Administración,, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, San Martín de Porres, Lima, 15102, Peru
| | - Tiana Bressan
- Department of Engineering, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - J. Jaime Miranda
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Miraflores, Lima, 15074, Peru
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108
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Galvão DM, Cezar-Vaz MR, Xavier DM, Penha JGM, Lourenção LG. Hospital sustainability indicators and reduction of socio-environmental impacts: a scoping review. Rev Esc Enferm USP 2023; 57:e20220364. [PMID: 37366602 DOI: 10.1590/1980-220x-reeusp-2022-0364en] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To synthesize knowledge about hospital sustainability indicators and evidence of reduced socio-environmental impact. METHOD Literature scoping review using Pubmed, Science Direct, Scielo and Lilacs databases. Studies in a time frame of 10 years, addressing hospital sustainability indicators and evidence of reduced socio-environmental impact published in any language were included. RESULTS A total of 28 articles were included, most were applied research, published in 2012, in English. Studies showed ways to save water and energy, as well as ways to monitor and mitigate the impact of activities related to effluents, waste and emissions. All studies had nursing work directly or indirectly involved in hospital sustainability. CONCLUSION The possibilities of generating less impact on the environment and increasing the economy/efficiency of a hospital are countless. The particularities of each hospital must be taken into account and workers, especially nurses, should be involved.
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109
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Ginex P, Dickman E, Elia MR, Burbage D, Wilson R, Koos JA, Sivakumaran K, Morgan RL. Climate disasters and oncology care: a systematic review of effects on patients, healthcare professionals, and health systems. Support Care Cancer 2023; 31:403. [PMID: 37338628 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-023-07842-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Climate disasters have devastating effects on communities and society that encompass all aspects of daily life, including healthcare. Patients with cancer are particularly vulnerable when disaster strikes. As the number and intensity of disasters increases, it is important to understand the effects across the cancer care continuum. This systematic review investigates the effect of climate disasters on patients, the oncology healthcare workforce, and healthcare systems. METHODS A medical librarian conducted a literature search in PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, and Web of Science from January 1, 2016, through May 11, 2022. Eligible studies included any published report on a climate disaster globally reporting on patient-, oncology healthcare workforce-, or healthcare systems-level outcomes. Study quality was assessed, and findings were narratively synthesized, given the diversity of reported evidence. RESULTS The literature search identified 3618 records, of which 46 publications were eligible for inclusion. The most frequent climate disaster was hurricanes (N = 27) followed by tsunami (N = 10). Eighteen publications were from disasters that occurred in the mainland USA with 13 from Japan and 12 from Puerto Rico. Patient-level outcomes included treatment interruptions and inability to communicate with the healthcare team. At the workforce level, findings included distressed clinicians caring for others when their own lives have been affected by a disaster along with lack of disaster preparedness training. Health systems reported closures or shifting services post-disaster and a need to have improved emergency response plans. CONCLUSION Response to climate disasters necessitates a holistic approach at the patient, workforce, and health systems levels. Specifically, interventions should focus on mitigating interruptions in care for patients, advanced coordination and planning for workforce and health systems, and contingency planning for allocation of resources by health systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela Ginex
- Stony Brook University School of Nursing, Stony Brook, NY, USA.
| | - Erin Dickman
- Oncology Clinical Specialist, Oncology Nursing Society, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | | | - Ryne Wilson
- University of Minnesota School of Nursing, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Jessica A Koos
- Stony Brook University Health Sciences Library, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | | | - Rebecca L Morgan
- Evidence Foundation, Cleveland Heights, OH, USA
- McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
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110
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Bhatti MT, Anwar AA, Hussain K. Characterization and outlook of climatic hazards in an agricultural area of Pakistan. Sci Rep 2023; 13:9958. [PMID: 37339992 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-36909-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Many dimensions of human life and the environment are vulnerable to anthropogenic climate change and the hazards associated with it. There are several indices and metrics to quantify climate hazards that can inform preparedness and planning at different levels e.g., global, regional, national, and local. This study uses biased corrected climate projections of temperature and precipitation to compute characteristics of potential climate hazards that are pronounced in the Gomal Zam Dam Command Area (GZDCA)- an irrigated agricultural area in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. The results answer the question of what the future holds in the GZDCA regarding climate hazards of heatwaves, heavy precipitation, and agricultural drought. The results of heatwaves and agricultural drought present an alarming future and call for immediate actions for preparedness and adaptation. The magnitude of drought indices for the future is correlated with the crop yield response based on AquaCrop model simulations with observed climate data being used as input. This correlation provides insight into the suitability of various drought indices for agricultural drought characterization. The results elaborate on how the yield of wheat crop grown in a typical setting common in the South Asian region respond to the magnitude of drought indices. The findings of this study inform the planning process for changing climate and expected climate hazards in the GZDCA. Analyzing climate hazards for the future at the local level (administrative districts or contiguous agricultural areas) might be a more efficient approach for climate resilience due to its specificity and enhanced focus on the context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Tousif Bhatti
- International Water Management Institute, 12 Km Multan Road Chowk Thokar Niaz Baig, Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - Arif A Anwar
- University of Birmingham, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Kashif Hussain
- International Water Management Institute, 12 Km Multan Road Chowk Thokar Niaz Baig, Lahore, Pakistan
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111
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Belzer A, Parker ER. Climate Change, Skin Health, and Dermatologic Disease: A Guide for the Dermatologist. Am J Clin Dermatol 2023:10.1007/s40257-023-00770-y. [PMID: 37336870 DOI: 10.1007/s40257-023-00770-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
Climate change has a pervasive impact on health and is of clinical relevance to every organ system. Climate change-related factors impact the skin's capacity to maintain homeostasis, leading to a variety of cutaneous diseases. Stratospheric ozone depletion has led to increased risk of melanoma and keratinocyte carcinomas due to ultraviolet radiation exposure. Atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, pemphigus, acne vulgaris, melasma, and photoaging are all associated with rising levels of air pollution. Elevated temperatures due to global warming induce disruption of the skin microbiome, thereby impacting atopic dermatitis, acne vulgaris, and psoriasis, and high temperatures are associated with exacerbation of skin disease and increased risk of heat stroke. Extreme weather events due to climate change, including floods and wildfires, are of relevance to the dermatologist as these events are implicated in cutaneous injuries, skin infections, and acute worsening of inflammatory skin disorders. The health consequences as well as the economic and social burden of climate change fall most heavily on vulnerable and marginalized populations due to structural disparities. As dermatologists, understanding the interaction of climate change and skin health is essential to appropriately manage dermatologic disease and advocate for our patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annika Belzer
- Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Eva Rawlings Parker
- Department of Dermatology, Center for Biomedical Ethics and Society, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 719 Thompson Lane, Suite 26-300, Nashville, TN, 37204, USA.
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112
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Alcayna T, O'Donnell D, Chandaria S. How much bilateral and multilateral climate adaptation finance is targeting the health sector? A scoping review of official development assistance data between 2009-2019. PLOS GLOBAL PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 3:e0001493. [PMID: 37315049 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgph.0001493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Climate change is adversely affecting human health. Rapid and wide-scale adaptation is urgently needed given the negative impact climate change has across the socio-environmental determinants of health. The mobilisation of climate finance is critical to accelerate adaptation towards a climate resilient health sector. However, a comprehensive understanding of how much bilateral and multilateral climate adaptation financing has been channelled to the health sector is currently missing. Here, we provide a baseline estimate of a decade's worth of international climate adaptation finance for the health sector. We systematically searched international financial reporting databases to analyse 1) the volumes, and geographic targeting, of adaptation finance for the health sector globally between 2009-2019 and 2) the focus of health adaptation projects based on a content analysis of publicly available project documentation. We found that health was largely a co-benefit, not the principal objective, within the projects. We estimate that USD 1,431 million (4.9%) of total multilateral and bilateral adaptation has been committed to health activities across the decade. However, this is likely an overestimate of the true figure. Most health adaptation projects were in Sub-Saharan Africa, with average project funding comparable to East Asia and the Pacific and the MENA region. Fragile and conflict affected countries received 25.7% of total health adaptation financing. The paucity of health indicators as part of project monitoring and evaluation criteria and the lack of emphasis on local adaptation were particularly significant. This study contributes to the wider evidence base on global health adaptation and climate financing by quantifying adaptation funds directed towards the health sector and revealing specific gaps in financing health adaptation. We anticipate these results will support researchers in developing actionable research on health and climate finance and decision-makers in mobilizing funds to low-resource settings with high health sector adaptation needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tilly Alcayna
- Red Cross Red Crescent Climate Centre, The Hague, The Netherlands
- Centre on Climate Change & Planetary Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
- Centre for Mathematical Modelling of Infectious Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
- Health in Humanitarian Crises Centre, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Devin O'Donnell
- Red Cross Red Crescent Climate Centre, The Hague, The Netherlands
| | - Sarina Chandaria
- Red Cross Red Crescent Climate Centre, The Hague, The Netherlands
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Brown A, Collado S, Evans GW, Loebach JE. Designing learning environments for promoting young people's constructive coping with climate change. ADVANCES IN CHILD DEVELOPMENT AND BEHAVIOR 2023; 65:169-198. [PMID: 37481297 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acdb.2023.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
This chapter first summarizes how the consequences of global climate change (GCC) can harm young people's well-being through physical health impacts and awareness of GCC. We then outline how youth may cope with GCC by denying the problem, distancing themselves from it, or taking individual actions. However, the coping strategy shown to have the best mental well-being outcomes relates to collective actions and agency. Next, an examination of school-based GCC interventions reveals that engaging, participatory approaches may be more effective in promoting positive outcomes for youth and climate action. Our main contribution is a discussion of how the evidence-based design of learning environments presents an undeveloped but potentially effective way to enhance interventions for the development of constructive GCC coping strategies among youth. Utilizing environmental affordances and design as scaffolding can guide the design of learning environments that give youth opportunities for active cognitive, emotional, and physical engagement with climate change education. Natural environments may be particularly effective in supporting active engagement and pathways to constructive coping. More research is needed to understand what design features underly these pathways to improved well-being and GCC coping strategies that may have positive implications for youth climate action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail Brown
- Department of Human Centered Design, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.
| | - Silvia Collado
- Department of Psychology and Sociology, Universidad de Zaragoza, Teruel, Spain
| | - Gary W Evans
- Department of Human Centered Design, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA; Department of Psychology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Janet E Loebach
- Department of Human Centered Design, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
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Schmid J, Mumm A, König S, Zirkel J, Schwienhorst-Stich EM. Concept and implementation of the longitudinal mosaic curriculum planetary health at the Faculty of Medicine in Würzburg, Germany. GMS JOURNAL FOR MEDICAL EDUCATION 2023; 40:Doc33. [PMID: 37377573 PMCID: PMC10291347 DOI: 10.3205/zma001615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Background of the project Stakeholders in healthcare and science increasingly demand the rapid integration of teaching content on planetary health (PIH) into the curricula of all the healthcare professions. In medical education, such topics are currently only covered inadequately and are mostly limited to elective courses. Why was the project initiated? In order to reach all medical students in the sense of a learning spiral and promote an interdisciplinary understanding of planetary health, a longitudinal mosaic curriculum is being developed that introduces aspects of planetary health throughout the entire course of study. We share the first experiences of the start of this project as an example to inspire similar activities elsewhere. Implementation of the project We mapped all the courses at the Faculty of Medicine in Würzburg and compared them with existing learning objectives on planetary health topics from the National Competency-Based Catalog of Learning Objectives for Medical Education. We then identified curricular injection points and held consultations with teaching staff and course coordinators from 26 different specialities in order to integrate the respective contents into the courses and, if necessary, develop new content. An overview of all curricular injection points with the corresponding topics, learning objectives, and teaching and examination methods is under development. Evaluation of the project The lecturers exchanged ideas with the project team of the teaching clinic of the Faculty of Medicine; further networking meetings to coordinate a learning spiral are to follow. The lecturers were asked to provide structured learning objectives in the categories "knowledge", "attitudes", "skills", and "confidence" on the topics integrated into the courses. Oral as well as written evaluations using Evasys® questionnaires among students and lecturers are planned. Final overall assessment outlook Planetary Health topics have been introduced in several courses following our intervention. In the context of a learning spiral, teaching staff from further medical disciplines will be contacted so that more perspectives can be highlighted at different points in the curriculum. In addition, interdisciplinary teaching formats will be developed in order to take the complexity of the interrelationships into account.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jörg Schmid
- University Hospital Würzburg, Department of General Practice, Würzburg, Germany
| | | | - Sarah König
- University Hospital Würzburg, Institute of Medical Teaching and Medical Education Research, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Janina Zirkel
- University of Würzburg, Teaching Clinic of the Faculty of Medicine & University Hospital Würzburg, Institute of Medical Teaching and Medical Education Research, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Eva-Maria Schwienhorst-Stich
- University Hospital Würzburg, Department of General Practice, Würzburg, Germany
- University of Würzburg, Teaching Clinic of the Faculty of Medicine & University Hospital Würzburg, Institute of Medical Teaching and Medical Education Research, Würzburg, Germany
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Fülbert H, Schäfer LN, Gerspacher LM, Bösner S, Schut C, Krolewski R, Knipper M. Elective course "Climate-sensitive health counselling" - prevention as an opportunity for people and planet? An interactive, student-led project focusing on prevention and agency in physician's climate communication. GMS JOURNAL FOR MEDICAL EDUCATION 2023; 40:Doc34. [PMID: 37377566 PMCID: PMC10291343 DOI: 10.3205/zma001616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Objective According to the WHO, anthropogenic climate change poses the greatest threat to human health in the 21st century. However, the link between climate change and human health is not an integral part of medical education in Germany. Within a student-led project, an elective clinical course was designed and successfully implemented, which has been made accessible to undergraduate medical students at the Universities of Giessen and Marburg. The implementation and didactic concept are explained in this article. Methodology In a participatory format, knowledge is imparted using an action-based, transformative approach. Topics discussed are, amongst others, interactions of climate change and health, transformative action, and health behavior, as well as "green hospital" and the simulation of a "climate-sensitive health counselling". Lecturers from different disciplines within and beyond medicine are invited as speakers. Results Overall, the elective was evaluated positively by the participants. The fact that there is a high demand among students for participation in the elective, as well as for the transfer of concepts underlines the need for including this topic into medical education. The implementation and further development of the concept at two universities with different study regulations demonstrates its adaptability. Conclusion Medical education can raise awareness of the multiple health consequences of the climate crisis, can have a sensitizing and transformative effect on various levels, and can promote climate-sensitive action ability in patient care. In the long term, however, these positive consequences can only be guaranteed by including mandatory education on climate change and health in medical curricula.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Fülbert
- Justus Liebig University Giessen, Medical Faculty, Giessen, Germany
- Health for Future Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Louis N. Schäfer
- Philipps University Marburg, Medical Faculty, Marburg, Germany
- Health for Future Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Laura M. Gerspacher
- Justus Liebig University Giessen, Medical Faculty, Giessen, Germany
- Health for Future Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Stefan Bösner
- Philipps University Marburg, Department of General Practice/Family Medicine, Marburg, Germany
| | - Christina Schut
- Justus Liebig University Giessen, Institute of Medical Psychology, Giessen, Germany
| | - Ralph Krolewski
- Academic teaching practice of the University of Cologne, Gummersbach, Germany
| | - Michael Knipper
- Justus Liebig University Giessen, Institute for History of Medicine, Giessen, Germany
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Jonas F, Hagen A, Ackermann BW, Knüpfer M. Students experience the effects of climate change on children's health in role play and develop strategies for medical work - an interactive seminar. GMS JOURNAL FOR MEDICAL EDUCATION 2023; 40:Doc29. [PMID: 37377577 PMCID: PMC10291342 DOI: 10.3205/zma001611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Background This project report describes the development and evaluation of an interactive seminar on the topic "medical effects of climate change on children's health". Objectives The learning objectives are learning the basics and the direct and indirect connections between climate change and children's health. Future scenarios for affected children, parents and doctors are developed interactively. Subsequently, communication strategies concerning climate change are discussed so that students identify and analyze possibilities to become active. Methodology The seminar was offered as an obligatory seminar for a total of 128 third-year medical students with one appointment of 45 minutes per course group as part of the interdisciplinary seminar series "Environmental Medicine". A course group consisted of 14 to 18 students. The seminar for the 2020 summer semester was developed as part of the interdisciplinary field of environmental medicine with the special feature of an interactive role play. The role play intends to give the students the opportunity to put themselves in the situation of affected children, parents and doctors of the future in order to develop detailed solution strategies. From 2020 to 2021, the seminar took place as online self-study due to the lockdown requirements. Since winter semester 2021/22, the seminar was held as an attendance event for the first time, although the switch to an online presence seminar with obligatory attendance had to take place after four seminar dates due to renewed lockdown requirements, which also took place four times. The evaluated results here refer to a total of eight dates in the winter semester 2021/22 and were carried out using a specially developed questionnaire, which was filled out voluntarily and anonymously by the students immediately after the respective seminar date. An overall grade as well as the appropriateness of the time and content of lectures and role play were asked for. Free text answers were possible for each question. Results A total of 83 questionnaires were evaluated, 54 of which were from the four seminars in attendance, 15 were from the four online presence seminars that took place as an online live stream. The evaluation of the seminar resulted in an average grade of 1.7 for the face-to-face seminars and 1.9 for the online seminars. Content-related comments in the free-text answers addressed the desire for concrete solution strategies, more time for discussions and a more in-depth study of the topic. Numerous positive responses described the seminar as "very exciting", "good food for thought", "interesting and important topic". Conclusion There is a very high interest on the topic of "climate change & health" among students There is an obvious need to integrate the topic on a larger scale into medical education. Ideally, the focus on children's health should be an integral part of the pediatric curriculum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Friederike Jonas
- Universitätsklinikum Leipzig, Klinik und Poliklinik für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Anja Hagen
- Universitätsklinikum Leipzig, Klinik und Poliklinik für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Benjamin W. Ackermann
- Universitätsklinikum Leipzig, Klinik und Poliklinik für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Selbstständige Abteilung für Neonatologie, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Matthias Knüpfer
- Universitätsklinikum Leipzig, Klinik und Poliklinik für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Selbstständige Abteilung für Neonatologie, Leipzig, Germany
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Bawa D, Ahmed A, Darden D, Kabra R, Garg J, Bansal S, Olsen E, Atkins D, Rahim A, Pham N, Gopinathannair R, Pothineni NVK, Park P, Tummala R, Koerber S, Natale A, Lakkireddy D. Impact of Remote Cardiac Monitoring on Greenhouse Gas Emissions: Global Cardiovascular Carbon Footprint Project. JACC. ADVANCES 2023; 2:100286. [PMID: 38939591 PMCID: PMC11198686 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacadv.2023.100286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Background Remote monitoring (RM) of patients with cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIEDs) is efficient and requires fewer resources than conventional monitoring. However, the impact of RM on the carbon footprint (CF) is not known. Objectives The authors sought to evaluate the reduction in cost and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions with RM as compared to conventional monitoring of CIEDs and its relevance to CF. Methods Data were obtained from a third-party RM provider on 32,811 patients from 67 device clinics across the United States. Distance from home address to the device clinic for patients on RM was calculated. Savings in total distance traveled over 2 years was calculated using frequency of follow-up required for the device type. National fuel efficiency data and carbon emission data were obtained from the Bureau of Transportation Statistics and U.S. Environmental Protective Agency, respectively. The average gas price during the study period was obtained from U.S. Energy Information Administration. Results In the study population, RM resulted in a total saving of 31.7 million travel miles at $3.45 million and reduction of 12,518 metric ton of GHG from gasoline. There was a reduction of 14.2-million-page printouts, $3 million in cost, and 78 tons of GHG. Improvement in workforce efficiency with RM resulted in savings of $3.7 million. There was a net saving of $10.15 million and 12,596 tons of GHG emissions. Conclusions RM of patients with a CIED resulted in significant reductions in GHG emissions. Efforts to actively promoting RM can result in significant reduction in CF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danish Bawa
- Kansas City Heart Rhythm Institute, Overland Park, Kansas, USA
| | - Adnan Ahmed
- Kansas City Heart Rhythm Institute, Overland Park, Kansas, USA
| | - Douglas Darden
- Kansas City Heart Rhythm Institute, Overland Park, Kansas, USA
| | - Rajesh Kabra
- Kansas City Heart Rhythm Institute, Overland Park, Kansas, USA
| | - Jalaj Garg
- Division of Cardiology, Cardiac Arrhythmia Service, Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda, California, USA
| | - Shanti Bansal
- Houston Heart Rhythm and Octagos Health, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Eric Olsen
- Houston Heart Rhythm and Octagos Health, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Donita Atkins
- Kansas City Heart Rhythm Institute, Overland Park, Kansas, USA
| | - Anam Rahim
- Division of School of Nursing, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Nicholas Pham
- Kansas City Heart Rhythm Institute, Overland Park, Kansas, USA
| | | | | | - Peter Park
- Kansas City Heart Rhythm Institute, Overland Park, Kansas, USA
| | | | - Scott Koerber
- Kansas City Heart Rhythm Institute, Overland Park, Kansas, USA
| | - Andrea Natale
- Texas Cardiac Arrhythmia Institute, Austin, Texas, USA
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Sampath V, Aguilera J, Prunicki M, Nadeau KC. Mechanisms of climate change and related air pollution on the immune system leading to allergic disease and asthma. Semin Immunol 2023; 67:101765. [PMID: 37105834 PMCID: PMC10275624 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2023.101765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Climate change is considered the greatest threat to global health. Greenhouse gases as well as global surface temperatures have increased causing more frequent and intense heat and cold waves, wildfires, floods, drought, altered rainfall patterns, hurricanes, thunderstorms, air pollution, and windstorms. These extreme weather events have direct and indirect effects on the immune system, leading to allergic disease due to exposure to pollen, molds, and other environmental pollutants. In this review, we will focus on immune mechanisms associated with allergy and asthma-related health risks induced by climate change events. We will review current understanding of the molecular and cellular mechanisms by which the changing environment mediates these effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanitha Sampath
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
| | - Juan Aguilera
- Center for Community Health Impact, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Public Health, El Paso, Texas, USA
| | - Mary Prunicki
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Kari C Nadeau
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
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Hu X, Zheng M, Guo J, Chen X, Dai G, Zhao J, Long B. Impact of lane-changing behavior on traffic emissions of road sections in multi-dimensional mixed traffic flow environment. JOURNAL OF THE AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION (1995) 2023; 73:403-416. [PMID: 37057887 DOI: 10.1080/10962247.2023.2190180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
This study analyzed the effect of lane-changing behavior on traffic flow emissions and energy consumption of road sections in fuel vehicle-battery electric vehicle (FV-BEV) and human-driven vehicle-cooperative adaptive cruise control (HDV-CACC) multi-dimensional mixed traffic flow environments. Based on the traditional energy consumption model, a multi-dimensional mixed traffic flow energy consumption model was established by considering the BEV and CACC penetration rates. The microscopic traffic flow theory approach was used to analyze lane-changing behavior and the influencing mechanism of lane-changing behavior on the energy consumption of multi-dimensional mixed traffic flow, and MATLAB was used for the experimental simulation. The lane-changing behavior of the leading vehicle had a negative impact on the energy consumption of road segment traffic flow. Within the 95% effective impact range, the average energy consumption of traffic flow with respect to lane-changing behavior was 7.8% higher than that of the following traffic flow. The BEV penetration rate was beneficial for reducing the energy consumption of mixed traffic flow. At an economic velocity, the energy consumption of homogeneous BEV traffic flow was only 58.3% of that of homogeneous FV traffic flow. The CACC penetration rate could increase the traffic flow toughness. When the BEV penetration rate was constant, the higher the CACC penetration rate, the smaller the impact of lane-changing behavior on emissions. When traffic flow was completely transformed to homogeneous CACC traffic flow, lane-changing behavior only increased the overall energy consumption of the traffic flow by 4.99%, which was lower than the average level. Consequently, the promotion of BEV and CACC can improve the impact of traffic emissions on air pollution. When CACC penetration is low, reducing unnecessary lane-changing behavior to ensure the stability of traffic flow is also an effective way to reduce emissions.Implications: Multi-dimensional mixed traffic flow energy consumption model is proposed.CACC penetration rate, BEV penetration rate and lane-changing behavior will change traffic energy consumption. In this paper, different influencing factors are analyzed one by one.It provides a theoretical basis for relevant departments of traffic management to optimize vehicle emissions and traffic organization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinghua Hu
- School of Traffic and Transportation, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing, China
| | - Mintanyu Zheng
- School of Traffic and Transportation, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jianpu Guo
- Development of Science and Technology Statistics and Innovation, Chongqing Productivity Council, Chongqing, China
| | - Xinghui Chen
- School of Traffic and Transportation, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing, China
| | - Gao Dai
- Development of Traffic Engineering, Institute of Chongqing Transport Planning, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiahao Zhao
- School of Traffic and Transportation, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing, China
| | - Bing Long
- Development of Technology R&D, Chongqing YouLiang Science & Technology Co., Ltd, Chongqing, China
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Jamal H, Marghalani AA, Al-Sharif A, Shinawi A, Gaffar B, Al-Edaili EA, Al-Baqami G, AlQarni M. Exploring the Perception of Dental Undergraduate Students and Faculty on Environmental Sustainability in Dentistry: A Cross-Sectional Survey in 26 Dental Schools in Saudi Arabia. Dent J (Basel) 2023; 11:dj11040103. [PMID: 37185481 PMCID: PMC10137215 DOI: 10.3390/dj11040103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
There are few published studies assessing dental students' and faculty's perception regarding environmental sustainability in dentistry (ESD) and its existence within the dental curricula along with barriers and enablers for its integration. As far as the authors know, no published study has looked into this in Saudi Arabia, and this is what the current study aims to explore. A cross-sectional survey using validated online questionnaires for dental students and faculty was carried out in 26 dental schools in Saudi Arabia. The validated questionnaire utilized 25 questions using Qualtrics (XM) software. Both descriptive statistics and thematic analysis were included in the data analysis. ESD content is not formally embedded within the dental curricula in all 26 included universities in Saudi Arabia. Although the majority of students and faculty members agreed or strongly agreed on the importance of ESD as a whole and the importance of teaching it, more than 82% and 81% of students and faculty, respectively, demonstrated a lack of basic knowledge concerning ESD. The preliminary findings of the current study suggest that there is a high demand for incorporating ESD content in dental education in Saudi Arabia. To achieve this, resources and policy changes are necessary. A top-down approach is needed, including incorporating ESD into dental education standards, using evidence-based practices in revising infection control regulations, and providing institutional support through training, materials, and incentives. National dental associations and governments should provide practical solutions and actively support dental professionals in implementing ESD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasan Jamal
- Independent Researcher, FDI Sustainability in Dentistry Task Team Member, Makkah 24371, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah A Marghalani
- Preventive Dentistry Department, College of Dental Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 24382, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | - Balgis Gaffar
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University, Dammam 34212, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Ghaliah Al-Baqami
- College of Dentistry, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11564, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mayson AlQarni
- Department of Periodontology, King Saud University, Riyadh 11362, Saudi Arabia
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Gamboa L, Lafuente AS, Morera-Herreras T, Garcia M, Aguirre C, Lertxundi U. Analysis of heat stroke and heat exhaustion cases in EudraVigilance pharmacovigilance database. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2023; 79:679-685. [PMID: 37009927 PMCID: PMC10068193 DOI: 10.1007/s00228-023-03487-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The frequency and intensity of heat waves have increased and will keep increasing. This meteorological phenomenon, which is considered one of the most dangerous, can affect the entire population, but certain populations are at greater risk. Concretely, elderly people are more prompt to suffer from chronic diseases and therefore to be on medication that can interact with the different temperature-regulating systems of the body. So far, there are no published studies that have analyzed pharmacovigilance databases to characterize the association between specific pharmaceuticals and heat-related adverse reactions. OBJECTIVE Therefore, in this study, we aimed to investigate the reported cases of heat exhaustion or heat stroke, associated with any drug notified to the European pharmacovigilance database (EudraVigilance). METHOD The Basque Country Pharmacovigilance Unit selected spontaneous reports recorded in EudraVigilance from January 1, 1995, to January 10, 2022. "Heat Stroke" and "Heat Exhaustion" preferred terms were selected. Non-cases, used as controls, were all the other adverse drug reaction reports recorded in EudraVigilance for the same time period. RESULTS In total, 469 cases were obtained. Mean age: 49.74 ± 8 years, 62.5% were male, and the majority (94.7%) were considered serious by EU criteria. Fifty-one active substances fulfilled the criteria to generate a signal of disproportionate reporting. CONCLUSIONS The majority of implicated drugs belong to therapeutic groups that are already mentioned in different heat-illness prevention plans. But we also show that drugs aimed to treat multiple sclerosis and several cytokines were also associated with heat-related adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorea Gamboa
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain
| | | | - Teresa Morera-Herreras
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain
- Neurodegenerative Diseases Group, BioCruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Montserrat Garcia
- Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Osakidetza Basque Health Service, Galdakao-Usansolo Hospital, Basque Country Pharmacovigilance Unit, Galdakao, Spain
| | - Carmelo Aguirre
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain
- Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Osakidetza Basque Health Service, Galdakao-Usansolo Hospital, Basque Country Pharmacovigilance Unit, Galdakao, Spain
| | - Unax Lertxundi
- Bioaraba Health Research Institute, Osakidetza Basque Health Service, Araba Mental Health Network, Araba Psychiatric Hospital, Pharmacy Service, c/Alava 43, 01006, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Alava, Spain.
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Wu Y, Li S, Xu R, Chen G, Yue X, Yu P, Ye T, Wen B, de Sousa Zanotti Stagliorio Coêlho M, Saldiva PHN, Guo Y. Wildfire-related PM 2.5 and health economic loss of mortality in Brazil. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2023; 174:107906. [PMID: 37030285 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.107906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Wildfire imposes a high mortality burden on Brazil. However, there is a limited assessment of the health economic losses attributable to wildfire-related fine particulate matter (PM2.5). METHODS We collected daily time-series data on all-cause, cardiovascular, and respiratory mortality from 510 immediate regions in Brazil during 2000-2016. The chemical transport model GEOS-Chem driven with Global Fire Emissions Database (GFED), in combination with ground monitored data and machine learning was used to estimate wildfire-related PM2.5 data at a resolution of 0.25° × 0.25°. A time-series design was applied in each immediate region to assess the association between economic losses due to mortality and wildfire-related PM2.5 and the estimates were pooled at the national level using a random-effect meta-analysis. We used a meta-regression model to explore the modification effect of GDP and its sectors (agriculture, industry, and service) on economic losses. RESULTS During 2000-2016, a total of US$81.08 billion economic losses (US$5.07 billion per year) due to mortality were attributable to wildfire-related PM2.5 in Brazil, accounting for 0.68% of economic losses and equivalent to approximately 0.14% of Brazil's GDP. The attributable fraction (AF) of economic losses due to wildfire-related PM2.5 was positively associated with the proportion of GDP from agriculture, while negatively associated with the proportion of GDP from service. CONCLUSION Substantial economic losses due to mortality were associated with wildfires, which could be influenced by the agriculture and services share of GDP per capita. Our estimates of the economic losses of mortality could be used to determine optimal levels of investment and resources to mitigate the adverse health impacts of wildfires.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Wu
- Climate, Air Quality Research Unit, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Shanshan Li
- Climate, Air Quality Research Unit, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
| | - Rongbin Xu
- Climate, Air Quality Research Unit, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Gongbo Chen
- Climate, Air Quality Research Unit, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Xu Yue
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
| | - Pei Yu
- Climate, Air Quality Research Unit, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Tingting Ye
- Climate, Air Quality Research Unit, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Bo Wen
- Climate, Air Quality Research Unit, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | | | | | - Yuming Guo
- Climate, Air Quality Research Unit, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
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Hartinger SM, Yglesias-González M, Blanco-Villafuerte L, Palmeiro-Silva YK, Lescano AG, Stewart-Ibarra A, Rojas-Rueda D, Melo O, Takahashi B, Buss D, Callaghan M, Chesini F, Flores EC, Gil Posse C, Gouveia N, Jankin S, Miranda-Chacon Z, Mohajeri N, Helo J, Ortiz L, Pantoja C, Salas MF, Santiago R, Sergeeva M, Souza de Camargo T, Valdés-Velásquez A, Walawender M, Romanello M. The 2022 South America report of The Lancet Countdown on health and climate change: trust the science. Now that we know, we must act. LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH. AMERICAS 2023; 20:100470. [PMID: 37125022 PMCID: PMC10122119 DOI: 10.1016/j.lana.2023.100470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Stella M. Hartinger
- Centro Latino Americano de Excelencia en Cambio Climático y Salud, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
- Corresponding author. Av. Honorio Delgado 430, San Martín de Porres, 15102, Lima, Peru.
| | - Marisol Yglesias-González
- Centro Latino Americano de Excelencia en Cambio Climático y Salud, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | - Luciana Blanco-Villafuerte
- Centro Latino Americano de Excelencia en Cambio Climático y Salud, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | - Yasna K. Palmeiro-Silva
- Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- University College London, London, UK
| | - Andres G. Lescano
- Centro Latino Americano de Excelencia en Cambio Climático y Salud, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | | | | | - Oscar Melo
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Cambio Global, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | | | - Daniel Buss
- Pan American Health Organization, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Max Callaghan
- Mercator Research Institute on Global Commons and Climate Change, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Elaine C. Flores
- Centro Latino Americano de Excelencia en Cambio Climático y Salud, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
- Centre on Climate Change and Planetary Health, LSHTM, London, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Chrissie Pantoja
- Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Universidad del Pacífico, Lima, Peru
| | | | - Raquel Santiago
- Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiás, Brazil
| | | | | | - Armando Valdés-Velásquez
- Centro Latino Americano de Excelencia en Cambio Climático y Salud, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
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Fan W, Zlatnik MG. Climate Change and Pregnancy: Risks, Mitigation, Adaptation, and Resilience. Obstet Gynecol Surv 2023; 78:223-236. [PMID: 37043299 PMCID: PMC10508966 DOI: 10.1097/ogx.0000000000001116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2023]
Abstract
Importance Climate change is affecting the earth, resulting in more extreme temperatures and weather, rising sea levels, more frequent natural disasters, and displacement of populations of plants and animals, including people and insects. These changes affect food and housing security, vector-borne illnesses, and access to clean air and water, all of which influence human health. Evidence and Results There are a number of adverse health outcomes linked to heat, air pollution from wildfires, stress from natural disasters, and other elements of climate change. Pregnant people are especially vulnerable to the health harms resulting from climate change, namely, preterm birth, small for gestational age, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, and other adverse reproductive health and birth outcomes. Strategies to minimize these harms include mitigation and adaptation. Conclusions and Relevance Physicians are in a unique position to protect the health of pregnant persons and children by advocating for policy changes that address climate change and providing clinical recommendations for patients to protect themselves from the health impacts of climate hazards.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marya G Zlatnik
- Professor, Maternal Fetal Medicine, Program on Reproductive Health and the Environment, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Western States Pediatric Environmental Health Specialty Unit, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
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125
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Kampman JM, Sperna Weiland NH. Anaesthesia and environment: impact of a green anaesthesia on economics. Curr Opin Anaesthesiol 2023; 36:188-195. [PMID: 36700462 PMCID: PMC9973446 DOI: 10.1097/aco.0000000000001243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The excessive growth of the health sector has created an industry that, while promoting health, is now itself responsible for a significant part of global environmental pollution. The health crisis caused by climate change urges us to transform healthcare into a sustainable industry. This review aims to raise awareness about this issue and to provide practical and evidence-based recommendations for anaesthesiologists.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nicolaas H. Sperna Weiland
- Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Anaesthesiology
- Amsterdam UMC Centre for Sustainable Healthcare, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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126
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Belladelli F, Corsini C, Pozzi E, Raffo M, Fallara G, Costa A, Cignoli D, Boeri L, Ventimiglia E, Capogrosso P, Eisenberg ML, Montorsi F, Salonia A. Does Air Pollution Impact on Semen Parameters? Findings from a Real-Life, Cross-Sectional Study in Italian Infertile Men. World J Mens Health 2023; 41:403-412. [PMID: 35791299 PMCID: PMC10042647 DOI: 10.5534/wjmh.210240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE In industrialized countries, air pollutants levels have been monitored closely for environmental and research issues. Using Italian data, we aimed to investigate the association between air pollutants levels and semen parameters in a cohort of non-Finnish white-European men presenting for couple's infertility. MATERIALS AND METHODS Complete demographic and laboratory data from 1,152 infertile men consecutively assessed between January 2015 and January 2018 were analyzed. Semen analyses were based on the 2010 World Health Organization reference criteria. Health-significant comorbidities were scored with the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI). We analyzed the annual average level of the three main markers of air pollution (Pm10, Pm2.5, and NO2) between 2014 and 2018. Descriptive statistics, linear and logistic regression analyses tested the association between air pollutants levels and semen parameters. RESULTS Of 1,152 men, 87 (7.55%) had normal sperm parameters at first semen analysis. Of 1,065 patients with abnormal semen analyses, 237 (22.25%), 324 (30.42%), and 287 (26.95%) patients presented 1, 2 or 3 abnormalities, respectively, and 217 (20.38%) were azoospermic. At linear regression analysis, Pm10, Pm2.5, and NO2 were negatively associated with sperm morphology (Pm10: β=-0.5288 µg/m3, p=0.001; Pm2.5: β=-0.5240 µg/m3, p=0.019; NO2: β=-0.4396 µg/m3, p<0.0001). Furthermore, the adjusted odds of normal sperm morphology <4% were 1.06 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.03-1.09; p=0.007) for Pm10, 1.07 (95% CI, 1.03-1.11; p=0.007) for Pm 2.5, and 1.03 (95% CI, 1.02-1.05; p=0.001) for NO2, respectively. CONCLUSIONS In a large homogenous cohort of infertile men, Pm10, Pm 2.5, and NO2 levels were negatively associated with sperm morphology. Conversely, no clear association was observed with other macroscopic sperm parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Belladelli
- Division of Experimental Oncology/Unit of Urology, Urological Research Institute (URI), IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
- University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Christian Corsini
- Division of Experimental Oncology/Unit of Urology, Urological Research Institute (URI), IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
- University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Edoardo Pozzi
- Division of Experimental Oncology/Unit of Urology, Urological Research Institute (URI), IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
- University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Raffo
- Division of Experimental Oncology/Unit of Urology, Urological Research Institute (URI), IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
- University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Fallara
- Division of Experimental Oncology/Unit of Urology, Urological Research Institute (URI), IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
- University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Antonio Costa
- Division of Experimental Oncology/Unit of Urology, Urological Research Institute (URI), IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
- University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniele Cignoli
- Division of Experimental Oncology/Unit of Urology, Urological Research Institute (URI), IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
- University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Boeri
- Department of Urology, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda - Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Eugenio Ventimiglia
- Division of Experimental Oncology/Unit of Urology, Urological Research Institute (URI), IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Capogrosso
- Department of Urology, Circolo & Fondazione Macchi Hospital - ASST Sette Laghi, Varese, Italy
| | | | - Francesco Montorsi
- Division of Experimental Oncology/Unit of Urology, Urological Research Institute (URI), IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
- University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Salonia
- Division of Experimental Oncology/Unit of Urology, Urological Research Institute (URI), IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
- University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy.
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127
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Buschmann S, Hoffmann P, Agarwal A, Marwan N, Nocke T. GPU-based, interactive exploration of large spatiotemporal climate networks. CHAOS (WOODBURY, N.Y.) 2023; 33:043129. [PMID: 37097944 DOI: 10.1063/5.0131933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
This paper introduces the Graphics Processing Unit (GPU)-based tool Geo-Temporal eXplorer (GTX), integrating a set of highly interactive techniques for visual analytics of large geo-referenced complex networks from the climate research domain. The visual exploration of these networks faces a multitude of challenges related to the geo-reference and the size of these networks with up to several million edges and the manifold types of such networks. In this paper, solutions for the interactive visual analysis for several distinct types of large complex networks will be discussed, in particular, time-dependent, multi-scale, and multi-layered ensemble networks. Custom-tailored for climate researchers, the GTX tool supports heterogeneous tasks based on interactive, GPU-based solutions for on-the-fly large network data processing, analysis, and visualization. These solutions are illustrated for two use cases: multi-scale climatic process and climate infection risk networks. This tool helps one to reduce the complexity of the highly interrelated climate information and unveils hidden and temporal links in the climate system, not available using standard and linear tools (such as empirical orthogonal function analysis).
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Buschmann
- Hasso Plattner Institute, University of Potsdam, Prof.-Dr.-Helmert-Str. 2-3, 14482 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Peter Hoffmann
- Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research, Telegrafenberg, 14473 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Ankit Agarwal
- Department of Hydrology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Haridwar Highway, Roorkee, Uttarakhand 247667, India
| | - Norbert Marwan
- Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research, Telegrafenberg, 14473 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Thomas Nocke
- Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research, Telegrafenberg, 14473 Potsdam, Germany
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128
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Richter H, Schulz-Stübner S, Pecher S, Orlowski S, Coburn M, Schuster M. [Prioritized utilisation and reprocessing of reusable equipment in anaesthesiology deparmtents : Recommendations on how to reduce CO 2 emissions from anaesthetic equipment]. DIE ANAESTHESIOLOGIE 2023:10.1007/s00101-023-01268-2. [PMID: 36930267 DOI: 10.1007/s00101-023-01268-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Currently, few robust data are available to provide estimates of the environmental footprint and in particular the CO2 emissions of medical devices; however, existing life cycle assessments largely indicate that reusable materials have more favorable emissions and environmental footprints compared to disposable items. Thus, the challenge for every anesthesiology department is to identify items that can be used as reusable products for ecological and other reasons.A prerequisite for the use of reusable items is hygienically correct reprocessing and packaging. Here, a distinction must be made between noncritical, semicritical and critical medical devices, depending on the type of use. In addition, a distinction must be made between categories A-C, depending on the complexity of the reprocessing.In this narrative review article common reusable items used in anesthesiology are categorized and a standardized decision algorithm for reprocessing routes is proposed. Special attention is also given to the packaging of medical devices, which can contribute to the ecological footprint to a relevant extent.This article further explains the framework under which reprocessing can take place and analyzes the current state of knowledge on the life cycle assessment of reprocessing reusable devices.This requires the special commitment of clinically active anesthesiologists to include ecological aspects in the decision to use disposable or reusable items. In the medium term, comprehensible ecological key numbers should be provided on every medical device to make the ecological costs of the articles understandable in addition to the monetary costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Richter
- Klinik für Anästhesiologie, Intensivmedizin, Notfallmedizin und Schmerztherapie, Kliniken Landkreis Karlsruhe, Fürst-Stirum-Klinik Bruchsal, Rechbergklinik Bretten, Akademische Lehrkrankenhäuser der Universität Heidelberg, Gutleutstr. 1-14, 76646, Bruchsal, Deutschland.,Nachhaltigkeit in der Anästhesiologie, Forum der DGAI und des BDA, Nürnberg, Deutschland
| | | | - Sabine Pecher
- Klinik für Anästhesie und Intensivmedizin, Diakonie Klinikum, Stuttgart, Deutschland.,Nachhaltigkeit in der Anästhesiologie, Forum der DGAI und des BDA, Nürnberg, Deutschland
| | | | - Mark Coburn
- Klinik für Anästhesiologie und Operative Intensivmedizin, Uniklinik Bonn, Bonn, Deutschland.,Nachhaltigkeit in der Anästhesiologie, Forum der DGAI und des BDA, Nürnberg, Deutschland
| | - Martin Schuster
- Klinik für Anästhesiologie, Intensivmedizin, Notfallmedizin und Schmerztherapie, Kliniken Landkreis Karlsruhe, Fürst-Stirum-Klinik Bruchsal, Rechbergklinik Bretten, Akademische Lehrkrankenhäuser der Universität Heidelberg, Gutleutstr. 1-14, 76646, Bruchsal, Deutschland. .,Nachhaltigkeit in der Anästhesiologie, Forum der DGAI und des BDA, Nürnberg, Deutschland.
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129
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Amondo EI, Nshakira-Rukundo E, Mirzabaev A. The effect of extreme weather events on child nutrition and health. Food Secur 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s12571-023-01354-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
AbstractThis study traces the causal effects of extreme weather events on nutritional and health outcomes among rural children in Uganda using four waves of individual child survey data (2009–2014). A simultaneous regression model was applied for causal inference while also accounting for households’ adaptive responses. The study finds the evidence of a significant negative relationship between extreme weather events and availability of calories and nutrients for children. In particular, droughts reduced calorie, protein and zinc supply, and overall diet diversity by 67%, 37%, 28% and 30%, respectively. We further traced the effects of this reduced calorie and nutrient availability on child health indicators. A 10% decrease in zinc supply decreased height-for-age z-scores (HAZ) by around 0.139 - 0.164 standard deviations (SD), and increased probability of stunting ranging from 3.1 to 3.5 percentage points. Both boys and girls HAZ and stunting rates were sensitive to nutrient inadequacies. Different coping and adaptation strategies significantly influenced rural households’ ability to safeguard children’s nutrition and health against the effects of extreme weather. The findings of this study provide specific insights for building ex-ante resilience against extreme weather events, particularly when compared to ex-post, unsustainable, and often costlier relief actions.
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130
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Shrikhande SS, Merten S, Cambaco O, Lee T, Lakshmanasamy R, Röösli M, Dalvie MA, Utzinger J, Cissé G. "Climate Change and Health?": Knowledge and Perceptions among Key Stakeholders in Puducherry, India. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:4703. [PMID: 36981615 PMCID: PMC10048771 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20064703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Climate change has far-reaching impacts on human health, with low- and middle-income countries, including India, being particularly vulnerable. While there have been several advances in the policy space with the development of adaptation plans, little remains known about how stakeholders who are central to the strengthening and implementation of these plans perceive this topic. We conducted a qualitative study employing key interviews with 16 medical doctors, researchers, environmentalists and government officials working on the climate change agenda from Puducherry, India. The findings were analysed using the framework method, with data-driven thematic analysis. We elucidated that despite elaborating the direct and indirect impacts of climate change on health, there remains a perceived gap in education and knowledge about the topic among participants. Knowledge of the public health burden and vulnerabilities influenced the perceived health risks from climate change, with some level of scepticism on the impacts on non-communicable diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases. There was also a felt need for multi-level awareness and intervention programmes targeting all societal levels along with stakeholder recommendations to fill these gaps. The findings of this study should be taken into consideration for strengthening the region's climate change and health adaptation policy. In light of limited research on this topic, our study provides an improved understanding of how key stakeholders perceive the impacts of climate change on health in India.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shreya S. Shrikhande
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Kreuzstrasse 2, 4123 Allschwil, Switzerland
- Faculty of Science, University of Basel, 4001 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sonja Merten
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Kreuzstrasse 2, 4123 Allschwil, Switzerland
- Faculty of Science, University of Basel, 4001 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Olga Cambaco
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Kreuzstrasse 2, 4123 Allschwil, Switzerland
- Faculty of Science, University of Basel, 4001 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Tristan Lee
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Kreuzstrasse 2, 4123 Allschwil, Switzerland
- Faculty of Science, University of Basel, 4001 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ravivarman Lakshmanasamy
- State Surveillance Officer, Department of Health and Family Welfare Services, Government of Puducherry, Puducherry 605001, India
| | - Martin Röösli
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Kreuzstrasse 2, 4123 Allschwil, Switzerland
- Faculty of Science, University of Basel, 4001 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Mohammad Aqiel Dalvie
- Centre for Environmental and Occupational Health Research, School of Public Health and Family Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
| | - Jürg Utzinger
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Kreuzstrasse 2, 4123 Allschwil, Switzerland
- Faculty of Science, University of Basel, 4001 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Guéladio Cissé
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Kreuzstrasse 2, 4123 Allschwil, Switzerland
- Faculty of Science, University of Basel, 4001 Basel, Switzerland
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131
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Chibane S, Ryan T, Nizeyimana F, Gill O, Abate A, Hamstra J, Crawford A, Barnbrook J, Bould MD. An audit of the carbon footprint of travel for the Canadian Anesthesiologists' Society International Education Foundation partnerships. Can J Anaesth 2023; 70:327-334. [PMID: 36670316 PMCID: PMC9859664 DOI: 10.1007/s12630-022-02388-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE International partnerships have an important role in capacity building in global health, but frequently involve travel and its associated carbon footprint. The environmental impact of global health partnerships has not previously been quantified. METHODS We conducted a retrospective internal audit of the environmental impact of air travel for the international education programs of the Canadian Anesthesiology Society's International Education Fund (CASIEF). We compiled a comprehensive list of volunteer travel routes and used the International Civil Aviation Organization Carbon Emissions Calculator, which considers travel distance, passenger numbers, and average operational data for optimized estimates. Comparisons were made with average Canadian household emissions and disability adjusted life years (DALYs) lost from climate change consequences. RESULTS The total carbon dioxide emitted (CO2-e) for the Rwanda, Ethiopia, and Guyana CASIEF partnerships were 268.2, 60.7, and 52.0 tons, respectively. The DALYs cost of these programs combined is estimated to be as high as 1.1 years of life lost due to the effects of CO2-e. The mean daily carbon cost of the average Rwanda partnership was equivalent to daily emissions of 2.2 Canadians (or 383 Rwandans), for the Guyana partnership was equivalent to 1.6 Canadians (or 7.6 Guyanese people), and for the Ethiopia partnership was equivalent to 2.4 Canadians (or 252 Ethiopian people). CONCLUSIONS Air travel from these CASIEF partnerships resulted in 380.9 tons CO2-e but also enabled 5,601 volunteer days-in-country since 2014. The estimated environmental cost needs to be balanced against the impact of the programs. Regardless, carbon-reduction remains a priority, whether by discouraging premium class travel, organizing longer trips to reduce daily emissions, prioritizing remote support and virtual education, or developing partnerships closer to home.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Chibane
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Talia Ryan
- Foothills Medical Centre, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Francoise Nizeyimana
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, University Teaching Hospital of Kigali, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda
| | - Onica Gill
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Georgetown Public Hospital Corporation, Georgetown, Guyana
| | - Ananya Abate
- Department of Anesthesiology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Joel Hamstra
- Department of Anesthesia, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Ana Crawford
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Julian Barnbrook
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital of Northern British Columbia, Prince George, BC, Canada
| | - M Dylan Bould
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, The Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
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132
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Davies JF, Seglenieks R, Cameron R, Kuruvilla NA, Grove EM, Shrivathsa A, Grobler S. Operation clean up: A model for eco-leadership and sustainability implementation. Anaesth Intensive Care 2023; 51:88-95. [PMID: 36721955 DOI: 10.1177/0310057x221102469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Healthcare contributes to environmental harm. Trainee-led Research and Audit in Anaesthesia for Sustainable Healthcare (TRA2SH) is an Australasian network focused on sustainable anaesthesia practice. TRA2SH hypothesised that trainee-led audits alongside education presented on a scheduled national day, called Operation Clean Up, can improve engagement with sustainability initiatives. This paper aims to describe the first two years of Operation Clean Up in terms of goals, achievements and data collected so far. Environmental themes for Operation Clean Up were chosen based on available evidence (life cycle analyses and observational studies). The first Operation Clean Up (OCU 2020) focused on reducing the unnecessary use of single-use disposable absorbent pads (known as 'blueys' in Australia, 'greenies' in New Zealand). OCU 2021 included: refuse desflurane, reduce bluey use, reuse drug trays, and recycle paper and cardboard. TRA2SH provided an information pack to trainees who presented educational material to their department and fed back procurement figures to quantify each item. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse de-identified pooled data submitted to a centralised database.Eight departments submitted data for OCU 2020 and six provided follow-up data. Bluey use was reduced from a median of 37 to 34 blueys per ten surgical encounters. Fifteen departments submitted pre-campaign data for OCU 2021 with follow-up data to be collected during OCU 2022. Baseline data showed a median bluey use of 31 per ten surgical encounters. Volatile-related emissions were calculated; desflurane's proportion was 70% of these emissions yet was 11% of volatile procurement. Two participating departments removed desflurane from their formulary following OCU 2021. Operation Clean Up is a practical model for implementing sustainability initiatives using trainees as eco-leaders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica F Davies
- Department of Anaesthesia, 3805Austin Health, Heidelberg, Australia.,Department of Critical Care, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Richard Seglenieks
- Department of Critical Care, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.,Department of Anaesthesia, Pain and Perioperative Medicine, Western Health, Footscray, Victoria
| | - Rose Cameron
- Department of Anaesthesia, 58991Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Niketh A Kuruvilla
- Department of Anaesthesia and Pain Medicine, Mercy Health, Heidelberg, Australia.,Department of Anaesthesia, Perioperative Medicine and Pain Management, Canberra Health, Canberra, Australia
| | - Emma M Grove
- Department of Anaesthesia, 4085Ipswich Hospital, West Moreton Health, Australia
| | - Archana Shrivathsa
- Department of Anaesthesia, Pain and Perioperative Medicine, Fiona Stanley and Fremantle Hospitals Group, Perth, Australia
| | - Sophia Grobler
- Department of Critical Care, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
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133
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Issa R, Sarsour A, Cullip T, Toma S, Ruyssen I, Scheerens C. Gaps and opportunities in the climate change, migration and health nexus: insights from a questionnaire based study of practitioners and researchers. J Migr Health 2023; 7:100171. [PMID: 37034242 PMCID: PMC10074186 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmh.2023.100171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background : While climate change and migration are separately recognised as public health challenges, the combination of the two - climate change-induced migration which is predicted to increase through this century - requires further research to ensure population health needs are met. As such, this paper aims to identify initial gaps and opportunities in the nexus of climate change, migration and health research. Methods : We conducted a questionnaire based study of academics and practitioners working in the fields of climate change, migration and health. Open-ended responses were thematically analysed. Results : Responses from 72 practitioners collected in October 2021 were categorised into a thematic framework encompassing i) gaps and opportunities: across health care and outcomes, impact pathways between climate change and migration, most at risk groups (specific actors) and regions, and longitudinal perspectives on migrant journeys; alongside ii) methodological challenges; iii) ethical challenges, and iv) advancing research with better funding and collaboration. Broadly, findings suggested that research must clarify the interlinkages and drivers between climate change, migration, health (systems), and intersecting factors including the broader determinants of health. Study of the dynamics of migration needs to extend beyond the current focus of rural-urban migration and international migration into high income countries, to include internal displacement and immobile/ trapped populations. Research could better include considerations of vulnerable groups currently underrepresented, people with specific health needs, and focus more on most at-risk regions. Research methodology could be strengthened through better data and definitions, clear ethical guidelines, and increased funding and collaboration. Conclusion : This study describes gaps, challenges and needs within research on the nexus of climate change, migration and health, in acknowledgement of the complexity of studying across multiple intersecting factors. Working with complexity can be supported by using the framework and findings to support researchers grappling with these intersecting themes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Issa
- Institute for Global Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- School of International Development, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom
- Corresponding author.
| | - Amal Sarsour
- The United Nations University Institute on Comparative Regional Integration Studies (UNU-CRIS), Bruges, Belgium
| | - Teresa Cullip
- Institute for Global Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sorana Toma
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Ilse Ruyssen
- The United Nations University Institute on Comparative Regional Integration Studies (UNU-CRIS), Bruges, Belgium
- Department of Economics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Charlotte Scheerens
- The United Nations University Institute on Comparative Regional Integration Studies (UNU-CRIS), Bruges, Belgium
- Department of Economics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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134
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Ip VHY, Shelton CL, Zimmermann GL. Promoting practice change towards environmentally sustainable health care: more than meets the eye. Can J Anaesth 2023; 70:295-300. [PMID: 36765013 DOI: 10.1007/s12630-022-02391-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Vivian H Y Ip
- Department of Anesthesiology & Pain Medicine, University of Alberta, University of Alberta Hospital, 2-150 Clinical Sciences Building (CSB), 8440 112 St NW, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2G3, Canada.
| | - Clifford L Shelton
- Department of Anaesthesia, Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
- Lancaster Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medicine, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
| | - Gabrielle L Zimmermann
- Alberta SPOR SUPPORT Unit - Learning Health System Team, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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135
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Power E, McCarthy N, Kelly I, Cannon M, Cotter D. Climate change and mental health: time for action and advocacy. Ir J Psychol Med 2023; 40:6-8. [PMID: 35067251 DOI: 10.1017/ipm.2021.70] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Climate change poses an existential threat to our planet and our health. We explore the intersections of climate change and mental health which has been under-recognised to date. Climate change can affect mental health directly through the effects of extreme weather events such as heat, drought and flooding, and indirectly through increasing rates of migration and inequality. Vulnerable individuals with neuropsychiatric disorders will be particularly at risk. Emerging evidence is also showing effects of air pollution on brain development. Mitigation efforts related to reducing carbon emissions will have both direct and indirect effects on mental health. A further consideration demonstrated by the COVID-19 pandemic is that the spread of infectious disease can have substantial effects on the mental health of the population. With climate change and biodiversity loss, pandemics could recur in the future with increasing frequency. It is now essential that mental health professionals be equipped as agents for climate action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmet Power
- Department of Psychiatry, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Niamh McCarthy
- Psychiatry of Later Life Services, St. Camillus Hospital, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Ina Kelly
- Department of Public Health, HSE Midlands, Central Office, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Mary Cannon
- Department of Psychiatry, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - David Cotter
- Department of Psychiatry, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
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136
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Naughton M, Payne RA. The fight against climate change in primary care: a prescription for change. Fam Pract 2023; 40:508-510. [PMID: 36821486 DOI: 10.1093/fampra/cmac119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Naughton
- Department of Population Health Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Rupert A Payne
- Department of Primary Care, The University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
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137
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Liang B, Shi G, Sun Z, Babul H, Zhou M. Evolution trend and hot topic measurement of climate migration research under the influence of climate change. Front Ecol Evol 2023. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2023.1118037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
IntroductionGlobal climate change, which is characterized by climate warming, has become one of the most prominent risk problems in society at present. Climate migration brings many accompanying problems to the environment, economy, politics, society, and culture. It is of great theoretical and practical significance to study the internal relationship between climate change and population migration.MethodsThe data were extracted from the Web of Science core collection database (WOS) and China Knowledge Network database (CNKI). A total of 785 documents and 157 documents in the field of climate migration from 2008 to 2021 were selected as analysis samples. Word frequency analysis, clustering analysis, sudden word detection analysis, and other methods were extensively used to build the evolution trend map of climate migration using CiteSpace visual bibliometric software.ResultsIt is concluded that climate migration research has experienced three stages of development: initial exploration stage (2008-2011), development enrichment stage (2012-2017), and system deepening stage (2018).The hot topics of climate migration include: (1) different types of climate migration research; (2) Quantitative model research on climate migration; (3) Climate justice research. Different types of climate migration include 7 main types: (1) migration caused by sea level rise; (2) Resettlement caused by flood disaster; (3) Migration due to worsening drought; (4) Migration caused by extreme climate events; (5) Voluntary migration due to climate change discomfort; (6) Project resettlement caused by climate change response engineering measures; (7) Migrants whose livelihoods are broken due to climate change.DiscussionThe study points out that climate migration research is an interdisciplinary research field, which needs joint research by scholars from different academic backgrounds. In the future climate migration research, 1) strengthen the prediction ability of climate change population migration model; 2) Make use of China’s beneficial exploration in the migration fields such as engineering resettlement, ecological resettlement and poverty alleviation resettlement to formulate climate migration policies, regulations and strategic planning; 3) Establish a database cloud platform related to climate change and population migration; 4) Strengthen the exchange and cooperation between Chinese researchers in the field of climate migration and international scientific research institutions.
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Ditac G, Cottinet PJ, Quyen Le M, Grinberg D, Duchateau J, Gardey K, Dulac A, Delinière A, Haddad C, Boussuge-Roze J, Sacher F, Jaïs P, Chevalier P, Bessière F. Carbon footprint of atrial fibrillation catheter ablation. Europace 2023; 25:331-340. [PMID: 36107465 PMCID: PMC10103577 DOI: 10.1093/europace/euac160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Climate change represents the biggest global health threat of the 21st century. Health care system is itself a large contributor to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. In cardiology, atrial fibrillation (AF) catheter ablation is an increasing activity using numerous non-reusable materials that could contribute to GHG emission. Determining a detailed carbon footprint analysis of an AF catheter ablation procedure allows the identification of the main polluting sources that give opportunities for reduction of environmental impact. To assess the carbon footprint of AF catheter ablation procedure. To determine priority actions to decrease pollution. METHODS AND RESULTS An eco-audit method used to predict the GHG emission of an AF catheter ablation procedure was investigated. Two workstations were considered including surgery and anaesthesia. In the operating room, every waste produced by single-use medical devices, pharmaceutical drugs, and energy consumption during intervention were evaluated. All analyses were limited to the operating room. Thirty procedures were analysed over a period of 8 weeks: 18 pulmonary veins isolation RF ablations, 7 complex RF procedures including PVI, roof and mitral isthmus lines, ethanol infusion of the Marshall vein and cavo tricuspid isthmus line, and 5 pulmonary vein isolation with cryoballoon. The mean emission during AF catheter ablation procedures was 76.9 kg of carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2-e). The operating field accounted for 75.4% of the carbon footprint, while only 24.6% for the anaesthesia workstation. On one hand, material production and manufacturing were the most polluting phases of product life cycle which, respectively, represented 71.3% (54.8 kg of CO2-e) and 17.0% (13.1 kg of CO2-e) of total pollution. On the other hand, transport contributed in 10.6% (8.1 kg of CO2-e), while product use resulted in 1.1% (0.9 kg of CO2-e) of GHG production. Electrophysiology catheters were demonstrated to be the main contributors of environmental impact with 29.9 kg of CO2-e (i.e. 38.8%). Three dimensional mapping system and electrocardiogram patches were accounting for 6.8 kg of CO2-e (i.e. 8.8% of total). CONCLUSION AF catheter ablation involves a mean of 76.9 kg of CO2-e. With an estimated 600 000 annual worldwide procedures, the environmental impact of AF catheter ablation activity is estimated equal to 125 tons of CO2 emission each day. It represents an equivalent of 700 000 km of car ride every day. Electrophysiology catheters and patches are the main contributors of the carbon footprint. The focus must be on reducing, reusing, and recycling these items to limit the impact of AF ablation on the environment. A road map of steps to implement in different time frames is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geoffroy Ditac
- Department of Electrophysiology, Hôpital Cardiologique Louis Pradel, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 28 avenue du Doyen Lepine, 69500 Bron, France
| | - Pierre-Jean Cottinet
- INSA-Lyon, LGEF, Université de Lyon, 20 Av. Albert Einstein, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Minh Quyen Le
- INSA-Lyon, LGEF, Université de Lyon, 20 Av. Albert Einstein, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Daniel Grinberg
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Hôpital Cardiologique Louis Pradel, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 28 avenue du Doyen Lepine, 69500 Bron, France
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Faculté de Médecine Lyon Est, 8 avenue Rockefeller, 69003 Lyon, France
| | - Josselin Duchateau
- Department of electrophysiology, CHU Bordeaux, Université de Bordeaux, IHU LIRYC, Av. du Haut Lévêque, 33600 Pessac, France
| | - Kévin Gardey
- Department of Electrophysiology, Hôpital Cardiologique Louis Pradel, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 28 avenue du Doyen Lepine, 69500 Bron, France
| | - Arnaud Dulac
- Department of Electrophysiology, Hôpital Cardiologique Louis Pradel, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 28 avenue du Doyen Lepine, 69500 Bron, France
| | - Antoine Delinière
- Department of Electrophysiology, Hôpital Cardiologique Louis Pradel, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 28 avenue du Doyen Lepine, 69500 Bron, France
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Faculté de Médecine Lyon Est, 8 avenue Rockefeller, 69003 Lyon, France
| | - Christelle Haddad
- Department of Electrophysiology, Hôpital Cardiologique Louis Pradel, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 28 avenue du Doyen Lepine, 69500 Bron, France
| | - Julie Boussuge-Roze
- Department of electrophysiology, CHU Bordeaux, Université de Bordeaux, IHU LIRYC, Av. du Haut Lévêque, 33600 Pessac, France
| | - Frédéric Sacher
- Department of electrophysiology, CHU Bordeaux, Université de Bordeaux, IHU LIRYC, Av. du Haut Lévêque, 33600 Pessac, France
| | - Pierre Jaïs
- Department of electrophysiology, CHU Bordeaux, Université de Bordeaux, IHU LIRYC, Av. du Haut Lévêque, 33600 Pessac, France
| | - Philippe Chevalier
- Department of Electrophysiology, Hôpital Cardiologique Louis Pradel, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 28 avenue du Doyen Lepine, 69500 Bron, France
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Faculté de Médecine Lyon Est, 8 avenue Rockefeller, 69003 Lyon, France
| | - Francis Bessière
- Department of Electrophysiology, Hôpital Cardiologique Louis Pradel, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 28 avenue du Doyen Lepine, 69500 Bron, France
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Faculté de Médecine Lyon Est, 8 avenue Rockefeller, 69003 Lyon, France
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Nikolaou N, Dallavalle M, Stafoggia M, Bouwer LM, Peters A, Chen K, Wolf K, Schneider A. High-resolution spatiotemporal modeling of daily near-surface air temperature in Germany over the period 2000-2020. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 219:115062. [PMID: 36535393 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.115062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The commonly used weather stations cannot fully capture the spatiotemporal variability of near-surface air temperature (Tair), leading to exposure misclassification and biased health effect estimates. We aimed to improve the spatiotemporal coverage of Tair data in Germany by using multi-stage modeling to estimate daily 1 × 1 km minimum (Tmin), mean (Tmean), maximum (Tmax) Tair and diurnal Tair range during 2000-2020. We used weather station Tair observations, satellite-based land surface temperature (LST), elevation, vegetation and various land use predictors. In the first stage, we built a linear mixed model with daily random intercepts and slopes for LST adjusted for several spatial predictors to estimate Tair from cells with both Tair and LST available. In the second stage, we used this model to predict Tair for cells with only LST available. In the third stage, we regressed the second stage predictions against interpolated Tair values to obtain Tair countrywide. All models achieved high accuracy (0.91 ≤ R2 ≤ 0.98) and low errors (1.03 °C ≤ Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) ≤ 2.02 °C). Validation with external data confirmed the good performance, locally, i.e., in Augsburg for all models (0.74 ≤ R2 ≤ 0.99, 0.87 °C ≤ RMSE ≤ 2.05 °C) and countrywide, for the Tmean model (0.71 ≤ R2 ≤ 0.99, 0.79 °C ≤ RMSE ≤ 1.19 °C). Annual Tmean averages ranged from 8.56 °C to 10.42 °C with the years beyond 2016 being constantly hotter than the 21-year average. The spatial variability within Germany exceeded 15 °C annually on average following patterns including mountains, rivers and urbanization. Using a case study, we showed that modeling leads to broader Tair variability representation for exposure assessment of participants in health cohorts. Our results indicate the proposed models as suitable for estimating nationwide Tair at high resolution. Our product is critical for temperature-based epidemiological studies and is also available for other research purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaos Nikolaou
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany; Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry, and Epidemiology, Pettenkofer School of Public Health, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.
| | - Marco Dallavalle
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany; Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry, and Epidemiology, Pettenkofer School of Public Health, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Massimo Stafoggia
- Department of Epidemiology, Lazio Regional Health Service, Rome, Italy
| | - Laurens M Bouwer
- Climate Service Center Germany (GERICS), Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Annette Peters
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany; Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry, and Epidemiology, Pettenkofer School of Public Health, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Kai Chen
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA; Yale Center on Climate Change and Health, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Kathrin Wolf
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Alexandra Schneider
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
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140
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Gebhardt N, Saur C, Litke N, Nikendei C. [Motives, goals and anticipated barriers as experienced by employees engaged in an initiative promoting sustainability at a general hospital - A qualitative analysis]. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR EVIDENZ, FORTBILDUNG UND QUALITAT IM GESUNDHEITSWESEN 2023; 176:90-96. [PMID: 36658015 DOI: 10.1016/j.zefq.2022.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As a consequence of the climate crisis, a drastic reduction of greenhouse gas emissions and a transformation towards a sustainable economy are indispensable for the health care sector. METHODS For the present study, barriers and facilitators in implementing a transformation towards more sustainability were evaluated in qualitative interviews with members of an initiative attempting to establish more sustainability at a general hospital. RESULTS In 12 interviews, the interviewees were asked about the necessary personal characteristics for their commitment, short- and long-term ideas about how to reduce green house gas emissions, as well as barriers and facilitators of the organization's structure and of the societal context. CONCLUSION The methods for implementing more sustainability at a general hospital are mostly known. However, more knowledge is needed about the capacity to withstand both organizational barriers and feelings of hopelessness and impotence in order to preserve one's ability to act.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadja Gebhardt
- Klinik für Allgemeine Innere Medizin und Psychosomatik, Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Deutschland.
| | - Clara Saur
- Klinik für Allgemeine Innere Medizin und Psychosomatik, Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Deutschland
| | - Nicola Litke
- Abteilung Allgemeinmedizin und Versorgungsforschung, Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Deutschland
| | - Christoph Nikendei
- Klinik für Allgemeine Innere Medizin und Psychosomatik, Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Deutschland
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141
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Barrere-Cain R. Intersectional community-centered climate change curriculum is needed in health professional education. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2023; 160:388-390. [PMID: 36310501 DOI: 10.1002/ijgo.14505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rio Barrere-Cain
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
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142
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Tscharntke L, Stecher M, Classen AY, Jung N, Eberwein L, Friedrichs A, Klinker H, Schons MJ, Spinner CD, J G T Vehreschild M, de With K, Vehreschild JJ. [Development and validation of potential structure indicators for clinical infectious disease (ID) care in German hospitals during the COVID-19 pandemic]. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR EVIDENZ, FORTBILDUNG UND QUALITAT IM GESUNDHEITSWESEN 2023; 176:12-21. [PMID: 36754716 PMCID: PMC9901538 DOI: 10.1016/j.zefq.2022.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study describes the development and validation of structure indicators for clinical infectious disease (ID) care in German hospitals, which is important to adequately face the future challenges in ID medicine. METHODS A team of experts developed the structure indicators in a three-stage, multicriteria decision-making process: (1) identification of potential structure indicators based on a literature review, (2) written assessment process, and (3) face-to-face discussion to reach consensus and final selection of appropriate structure indicators. A field study was conducted to assess the developed structure indicators. A score based on the structure indicators was determined for each hospital and validated via receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curves using externally validated ID expertise (German Society of ID (DGI) Centre). RESULTS Based on a list of 45 potential structure indicators, 18 suitable indicators were developed for clinical ID care structures in German hospitals. Out of these, ten key indicators were defined for the general and coronavirus disease 2019- (COVID-19-) specific clinical ID care structures. In the field survey of clinical ID care provision for COVID-19 patients in 40 German hospitals, the participating facilities achieved 0 to 9 points (median 4) in the determined score. The area under the ROC curve was 0.893 (95% CI: 0.797, 0.988; p < 0.001). DISCUSSION/CONCLUSION The structure indicators developed within the framework of a transparent and established development process can be used in the future to both capture the current state and future developments of ID care quality in Germany and enable comparisons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lene Tscharntke
- Universität zu Köln, Medizinische Fakultät und Uniklinik Köln, Klinik I für Innere Medizin, Centrum für Integrierte Onkologie Aachen Bonn Köln Düsseldorf, Köln, Deutschland
| | - Melanie Stecher
- Universität zu Köln, Medizinische Fakultät und Uniklinik Köln, Klinik I für Innere Medizin, Centrum für Integrierte Onkologie Aachen Bonn Köln Düsseldorf, Köln, Deutschland; Deutsches Zentrum für Infektionsforschung (DZIF), Partnerstandort Bonn-Köln, Köln, Deutschland
| | - Annika Y Classen
- Universität zu Köln, Medizinische Fakultät und Uniklinik Köln, Klinik I für Innere Medizin, Centrum für Integrierte Onkologie Aachen Bonn Köln Düsseldorf, Köln, Deutschland; Deutsches Zentrum für Infektionsforschung (DZIF), Partnerstandort Bonn-Köln, Köln, Deutschland
| | - Norma Jung
- Universität zu Köln, Medizinische Fakultät und Uniklinik Köln, Klinik I für Innere Medizin, Centrum für Integrierte Onkologie Aachen Bonn Köln Düsseldorf, Köln, Deutschland
| | - Lukas Eberwein
- Klinikum Leverkusen, Medizinische Klinik IV, Leverkusen, Deutschland
| | - Anette Friedrichs
- Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Klinik für Innere Medizin I, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Deutschland
| | - Hartwig Klinker
- Universität Würzburg, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik II, Infektiologie, Würzburg, Deutschland
| | - Maximilian J Schons
- Universität zu Köln, Medizinische Fakultät und Uniklinik Köln, Klinik I für Innere Medizin, Centrum für Integrierte Onkologie Aachen Bonn Köln Düsseldorf, Köln, Deutschland
| | - Christoph D Spinner
- Technische Universität München, Fakultät für Medizin, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin II, München, Deutschland
| | - Maria J G T Vehreschild
- Klinik für Innere Medizin, Infektiologie, Universitätsklinikum Frankfurt, Goethe Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Deutschland; Deutsches Zentrum für Infektionsforschung (DZIF), Partnerstandort Bonn-Köln, Köln, Deutschland
| | - Katja de With
- Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, Klinische Infektiologie, Dresden, Deutschland
| | - Jörg J Vehreschild
- Universität zu Köln, Medizinische Fakultät und Uniklinik Köln, Klinik I für Innere Medizin, Centrum für Integrierte Onkologie Aachen Bonn Köln Düsseldorf, Köln, Deutschland; Deutsches Zentrum für Infektionsforschung (DZIF), Partnerstandort Bonn-Köln, Köln, Deutschland; Klinik für Innere Medizin, Hämatologie und Onkologie, Universitätsklinikum Frankfurt, Goethe Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Deutschland.
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Giudice LC. Commentary on the climate crisis and Women's health: Time for action. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2023; 160:455-456. [PMID: 35608325 DOI: 10.1002/ijgo.14235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Linda C Giudice
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
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[Position Paper and Recommendations for Action for Ecologically Sustainable Ophthalmology - Statement of the German Society of Ophthalmology (DOG) and the German Professional Association of Ophthalmologists (BVA)]. Klin Monbl Augenheilkd 2023; 240:198-217. [PMID: 36812927 DOI: 10.1055/a-2015-1562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
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Adepoju OA, Afinowi OA, Tauheed AM, Danazumi AU, Dibba LBS, Balogun JB, Flore G, Saidu U, Ibrahim B, Balogun OO, Balogun EO. Multisectoral Perspectives on Global Warming and Vector-borne Diseases: a Focus on Southern Europe. CURRENT TROPICAL MEDICINE REPORTS 2023; 10:47-70. [PMID: 36742193 PMCID: PMC9883833 DOI: 10.1007/s40475-023-00283-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Purpose of Review The climate change (CC) or global warming (GW) modifies environment that favors vectors' abundance, growth, and reproduction, and consequently, the rate of development of pathogens within the vectors. This review highlights the threats of GW-induced vector-borne diseases (VBDs) in Southern Europe (SE) and the need for mitigation efforts to prevent potential global health catastrophe. Recent Findings Reports showed astronomical surges in the incidences of CC-induced VBDs in the SE. The recently (2022) reported first cases of African swine fever in Northern Italy and West Nile fever in SE are linked to the CC-modified environmental conditions that support vectors and pathogens' growth and development, and disease transmission. Summary VBDs endemic to the tropics are increasingly becoming a major health challenge in the SE, a temperate region, due to the favorable environmental conditions caused by CC/GW that support vectors and pathogens' biology in the previously non-endemic temperate regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oluwafemi A. Adepoju
- Department of Biochemistry, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, 2222 Kaduna State Nigeria
| | | | - Abdullah M. Tauheed
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, 2222 Kaduna State Nigeria
| | - Ammar U. Danazumi
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Lamin B. S. Dibba
- Department of Physical and Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, University of the Gambia, Serrekunda, The Gambia
| | - Joshua B. Balogun
- Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University Dutse, Jigawa State Dutse, Nigeria
| | - Gouegni Flore
- Department of Biochemistry, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, 2222 Kaduna State Nigeria
- Africa Centre of Excellence for Neglected Tropical Diseases and Forensic Biotechnology (ACENTDFB), Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, 2222 Kaduna State Nigeria
| | - Umar Saidu
- Department of Biochemistry, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, 2222 Kaduna State Nigeria
- Africa Centre of Excellence for Neglected Tropical Diseases and Forensic Biotechnology (ACENTDFB), Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, 2222 Kaduna State Nigeria
| | - Bashiru Ibrahim
- Department of Biochemistry, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, 2222 Kaduna State Nigeria
| | - Olukunmi O. Balogun
- Department of Health Policy, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Emmanuel O. Balogun
- Department of Biochemistry, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, 2222 Kaduna State Nigeria
- Africa Centre of Excellence for Neglected Tropical Diseases and Forensic Biotechnology (ACENTDFB), Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, 2222 Kaduna State Nigeria
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146
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Hitzebelastung bei Kindern. Monatsschr Kinderheilkd 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s00112-022-01682-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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147
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van Baal K, Stiel S, Schulte P. Public Perceptions of Climate Change and Health-A Cross-Sectional Survey Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:1464. [PMID: 36674220 PMCID: PMC9859516 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20021464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Climate change is inseparably linked to human health. Although there is growing awareness of the threats to human health caused by climate change, it remains unclear how the German population perceives the relevance of climate change and its health consequences. Between May and September 2022, German residents were invited to participate in a cross-sectional online survey that explored three content areas: (1) the relevance of climate change, (2) health risks in connection with climate change and (3) collective and individual options for action against climate change. A total of 697 full data sets were collected for analysis (72% female, 51% ≥55 years old). The majority of participants agreed that human-induced climate change exists (85%), and that it has an impact on human health (83%). They also perceived the global population to be more strongly impacted by climate change than themselves (89% versus 68%). Most participants (76%) claimed to personally contribute to climate protection and 23% felt that their city or council contributed to climate protection. Although the majority of participants saw climate change as a threat to human health, they perceived other population groups to be most strongly affected. Cognitive dissonance might explain this lack of individual concern and one approach to addressing such distorted perceptions might be the dissemination of appropriate risk communication with health professionals involved in the communication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina van Baal
- Institute for General Practice and Palliative Care, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Stephanie Stiel
- Institute for General Practice and Palliative Care, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Peter Schulte
- Institute for General Practice and Palliative Care, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- Länger Besser Leben. Institute, University of Applied Sciences Weserbergland, Am Stockhof 2, 31785 Hameln, Germany
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148
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Interlinkages between Climate Change and Food Systems: The Impact on Child Malnutrition-Narrative Review. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15020416. [PMID: 36678287 PMCID: PMC9865989 DOI: 10.3390/nu15020416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The pandemics of obesity, undernutrition, and climate change represent severe threats to child health. They co-occur; interact with each other to produce sequelae at biological, psychological, or social levels; and share common underlying drivers. In this paper, we review the key issues concerning child diet and nutritional status, focusing on the interactions with climate and food systems. Inadequate infant and young child feeding practices, food insecurity, poverty, and limited access to health services are the leading causes of malnutrition across generations. Food system industrialization and globalization lead to a double burden of malnutrition, whereby undernutrition (i.e., stunting, wasting, and deficiencies in micronutrients) coexists with overweight and obesity, as well as to harmful effects on climate. Climate change and the COVID-19 pandemic are worsening child malnutrition, impacting the main underlying causes (i.e., household food security, dietary diversity, nutrient quality, and access to maternal and child health), as well as the social, economic, and political factors determining food security and nutrition (livelihoods, income, infrastructure resources, and political context). Existing interventions have the potential to be further scaled-up to concurrently address undernutrition, overnutrition, and climate change by cross-cutting education, agriculture, food systems, and social safety nets. Several stakeholders must work co-operatively to improve global sustainable nutrition.
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149
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Mavragani A, Bérubé A, Roberge M, Audate PP, Larente-Marcotte S, Jobin É, Moubarak N, Guillaumie L, Dupéré S, Guichard A, Goupil-Sormany I. Nurses' Perceptions of Climate Change: Protocol for a Scoping Review. JMIR Res Protoc 2023; 12:e42516. [PMID: 36630170 PMCID: PMC9878363 DOI: 10.2196/42516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Climate change is a major threat to human health. Nurses are in contact with patients suffering from the effects of climate change in their daily work. Therefore, they need to be involved in combating it at both the individual and collective levels. However, there is still very little known about nurses' perception of climate change and their role toward it. A few recent studies have embarked on the process of examining the perceptions of these health professionals relative to climate change, but no exploratory review of the literature has been conducted on nurses' perception of this phenomenon. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this protocol is to develop a research strategy for an exploratory review of the literature focused on identifying nurses' perceptions of climate change. METHODS Firstly, with the help of a specialized librarian, we defined keywords and their combinations, using an iterative process, to develop a documentary search strategy. This strategy was tested in the following four bibliographic databases: MEDLINE (PubMed), CINAHL, Embase, and Web of Science. A search of the grey literature will also be conducted to supplement the results of the bibliographic database search. The next step will be for 2 members of the research team to carry out a 2-stage selection process using the web-based systematic review software Covidence. They will carry out this selection process independently, with the aim of identifying relevant studies that meet the inclusion criteria for our exploratory review. Finally, data on year of publication, authors, geographic area, article type, study objectives, methodology, and key findings will be extracted from selected articles for analysis. The data will be analyzed by the research team based on an in-depth examination of the findings and will be directed toward answering the research question and fulfilling the study's objective. RESULTS The results will help in defining nurses' perceptions of climate change more clearly as well as the role they can play and what they need to be able to bring forward solutions to this phenomenon. The findings should also serve to guide the health sector and nursing faculty's interventions aimed at preparing health professionals to act on the potential threats associated with climate change. CONCLUSIONS The preliminary search suggests a possible gap between the importance of the nursing role in addressing the health impacts of climate change and the nurses' lack of knowledge and awareness on this matter. The results will allow for raising nurses' awareness of their role in the fight against climate change and the ways to address its health effects. This study will also open up new research perspectives on how to equip nurses to better integrate response to climate change issues into their professional practice. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/42516.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anouk Bérubé
- Faculty of Nursing Sciences, Laval University, Quebec, QC, Canada
| | - Martin Roberge
- Faculty of Nursing Sciences, Laval University, Quebec, QC, Canada
| | - Pierre-Paul Audate
- Institut National de Santé Publique du Québec, Quebec, QC, Canada.,Centre de Recherche en Aménagement et Développement, Laval University, Quebec, QC, Canada
| | | | - Édith Jobin
- Faculty of Nursing Sciences, Laval University, Quebec, QC, Canada
| | - Nisrine Moubarak
- Faculty of Nursing Sciences, Laval University, Quebec, QC, Canada.,Centre hospitalier universitaire de Québec-Université Laval Research Centre, Quebec, QC, Canada
| | - Laurence Guillaumie
- Faculty of Nursing Sciences, Laval University, Quebec, QC, Canada.,Centre hospitalier universitaire de Québec-Université Laval Research Centre, Quebec, QC, Canada
| | - Sophie Dupéré
- Faculty of Nursing Sciences, Laval University, Quebec, QC, Canada.,Centre de Recherche de Montréal sur les Inégalités Sociales, les Discriminations et les Pratiques Alternatives de Citoyenneté, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Anne Guichard
- Faculty of Nursing Sciences, Laval University, Quebec, QC, Canada.,VITAM - Centre de Recherche en Santé Durable, Quebec, QC, Canada
| | - Isabelle Goupil-Sormany
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Quebec, QC, Canada
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150
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Wen B, Su BB, Xue J, Xie J, Wu Y, Chen L, Dong Y, Wu X, Wang M, Song Y, Ma J, Zheng X. Temperature variability and common diseases of the elderly in China: a national cross-sectional study. Environ Health 2023; 22:4. [PMID: 36609287 PMCID: PMC9824998 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-023-00959-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the context of climate change, it has been well observed that short-term temperature variability (TV) could increase the overall and cause-specific mortality and morbidity. However, the association between long-term TV and a broader spectrum of diseases is not yet well understood, especially in the elderly. METHODS Our study used data from the fourth Urban and Rural Elderly Population (UREP) study. Long-term TV was calculated from the standard deviation (SD) of daily minimum and maximum temperatures within the study periods (2010-2014, 2011-2014, 2012-2014, 2013-2014, and 2014). Ten self-reported diseases and conditions were collected by questionnaire, including cataract, hypertension, diabetes, cardio-cerebrovascular diseases, stomach diseases, arthritis, chronic lung disease, asthma, cancer, and reproductive diseases. The province-stratified logistic regression model was used to quantify the association between long-term TV and the prevalence of each disease. RESULTS A total of 184,047 participants were included in our study. In general, there were significant associations between TV and the prevalence of most diseases at the national level. Cardio-cerebrovascular disease (OR: 1.16, 95% CI: 1.13, 1.20) generated the highest estimates, followed by stomach diseases (OR: 1.15, 95% CI: 1.10, 1.19), asthma (OR: 1.14, 95% CI: 1.06, 1.22), chronic lung diseases (OR: 1.08, 95% CI: 1.03, 1.13), arthritis (OR: 1.08, 95% CI: 1.05, 1.11), and cataract (OR: 1.06, 95% CI: 1.02, 1.10). Moreover, the associations varied by geographical regions and across subgroups stratified by sex, household income, physical activity, and education. CONCLUSIONS Our study showed that long-term exposure to TV was associated with the prevalence of main diseases in the elderly. More attention should be paid to the elderly and targeted strategies should be implemented, such as an early warning system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Wen
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, No 38 Xue Yuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
- Climate, Air Quality Research (CARE) Unit, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Level 2, 553 St Kilda Road, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
| | - Bin Bin Su
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, No.31, Beijige-3, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Jiahui Xue
- First Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, No. 56 Xinjian South Road, Yingze District, Taiyuan City, 030001, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Junqing Xie
- Centre for Statistics in Medicine and NIHR Biomedical Research Centre Oxford, NDORMS, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Yao Wu
- Climate, Air Quality Research (CARE) Unit, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Level 2, 553 St Kilda Road, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
| | - Li Chen
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, No 38 Xue Yuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yanhui Dong
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, No 38 Xue Yuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Xiaolan Wu
- China Research Center on Ageing, 48 Guang 'anmen South Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100054, China
| | - Mengfan Wang
- University of Toronto, St.Geogre, 27 King's College Cir, Toronto, ON, M5S, Canada
| | - Yi Song
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, No 38 Xue Yuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Jun Ma
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, No 38 Xue Yuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Xiaoying Zheng
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, No.31, Beijige-3, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China.
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