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Marciano L, Camerini AL, Schulz PJ. Neuroticism in the digital age: A meta-analysis. COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR REPORTS 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chbr.2020.100026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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102
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Neuroticism and cyberchondria: The mediating role of intolerance of uncertainty and defensive pessimism. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2020.110006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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103
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Vinograd M, Williams A, Sun M, Bobova L, Wolitzky-Taylor KB, Vrshek-Schallhorn S, Mineka S, Zinbarg RE, Craske MG. Neuroticism and interpretive bias as risk factors for anxiety and depression. Clin Psychol Sci 2020; 8:641-656. [PMID: 32923175 PMCID: PMC7485931 DOI: 10.1177/2167702620906145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Neuroticism has been associated with depression and anxiety both cross-sectionally and longitudinally. Interpretive bias has been associated with depression and anxiety, primarily in cross-sectional and bias induction studies. The purpose of the current study was to examine the role of interpretive bias as a prospective risk factor and a mediator of the relation between neuroticism and depressive and anxious symptoms in young adults assessed longitudinally. Neuroticism significantly predicted a broad general distress dimension, but not intermediate fears and anhedonia-apprehension dimensions, nor a narrow social fears dimension. Neuroticism also significantly predicted negative interpretive bias for social scenarios. Negative interpretive bias for social scenarios did not significantly predict dimension scores, nor did it mediate the relation between neuroticism and general distress or social fears. These results suggest that although neuroticism relates to negative interpretive bias, its risk for symptoms of depression and anxiety is at most weakly conferred through negative interpretive bias.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Richard E Zinbarg
- Northwestern University and The Family Institute at Northwestern University
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104
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Peeters G, Bennett M, Donoghue OA, Kennelly S, Kenny RA. Understanding the aetiology of fear of falling from the perspective of a fear-avoidance model – A narrative review. Clin Psychol Rev 2020; 79:101862. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cpr.2020.101862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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105
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Vitamin D polygenic score is associated with neuroticism and the general psychopathology factor. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2020; 100:109912. [PMID: 32151694 PMCID: PMC7107583 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2020.109912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2019] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin D, used here to refer to both 25-hydroxyvitamin D, the main circulating form of the vitamin, and 1,25-hydroxyvitamin D, the biologically active form, has been shown to influence brain development and function. Consistent with these findings, low levels of vitamin D have been implicated in various mental disorders, including depression, schizophrenia, and autism. Recently, a shared variance across multiple categories of mental health disorders has been identified and shown to be genetically influenced. This shared variance, thought to represent a general risk for psychopathology, has been termed the p factor. Individuals with high p factor scores are characterized by high neuroticism and low agreeableness and conscientiousness. Here, we investigated the links between vitamin D polygenic scores - derived from the latest genome-wide association study of circulating vitamin D (25-hydroxyvitamin D) levels - the Big Five personality traits (neuroticism, agreeableness, conscientiousness, openness-to-experience, and extraversion), and the p factor, in a sample of 522 (278 women, mean age 20 ± 1 years) non-Hispanic Caucasians. Vitamin D polygenic scores were significantly and negatively associated with neuroticism and the p factor, even after correcting for multiple comparisons, and controlling for sex, age, ancestry, socioeconomic status, and body mass index. Based on previous research implicating neuroticism as a risk factor for psychopathology, mediation was tested. Results showed a significant indirect effect from the vitamin D polygenic score to the p factor via neuroticism. Our findings support a genetic link between vitamin D levels, neuroticism, and the p factor, but due to the cross-sectional nature of our data, future studies are needed to clarify the causal associations between these phenotypes.
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106
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Jokela M, Airaksinen J, Virtanen M, Batty GD, Kivimäki M, Hakulinen C. Personality, disability-free life years, and life expectancy: Individual participant meta-analysis of 131,195 individuals from 10 cohort studies. J Pers 2020; 88:596-605. [PMID: 31494933 DOI: 10.1111/jopy.12513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We examined how personality traits of the Five Factor Model were related to years of healthy life years lost (mortality and disability) for individuals and the population. METHOD Participants were 131,195 individuals from 10 cohort studies from Australia, Germany, the United Kingdom, and the United States (n = 43,935 from seven cohort studies for the longitudinal analysis of disability, assessed using scales of Activities of Daily Living). RESULTS Lower Conscientiousness was associated with higher mortality and disability risk, but only when Conscientiousness was below its median level. If the excess risk associated with low Conscientiousness had been absent, population life expectancy would have been 1.3 years longer and disability-free life 1.0 years longer. Lower emotional stability was related to shorter life expectancy, but only among those in the lowest 15% of the distribution, and disability throughout the distribution: if the excess risk associated with low emotional stability had been absent, population life expectancy would have been 0.4 years longer and disability-free life 2.4 years longer. CONCLUSIONS Personality traits of low Conscientiousness and low emotional stability are associated with reduced healthy life expectancy of individuals and population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Jokela
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jaakko Airaksinen
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Marianna Virtanen
- School of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Eastern Finland, Joensuu, Finland
| | - G David Batty
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK
- School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, USA
| | - Mika Kivimäki
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK
- Clinicum, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Christian Hakulinen
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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107
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Alonso Martínez S, Marsman JBC, Kringelbach ML, Deco G, Ter Horst GJ. Reduced spatiotemporal brain dynamics are associated with increased depressive symptoms after a relationship breakup. NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL 2020; 27:102299. [PMID: 32516738 PMCID: PMC7284067 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2020.102299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
We investigated whole-brain measures of integration, hierarchy, and metastability. Depressive symptoms in a non-clinical sample revealed more static configurations. Constrained spatiotemporal dynamics correlated with increased depressive symptoms. Reduced global integration was associated with increased depressive symptoms.
Depressive symptoms following a stressful life event, such as a relationship breakup, are common, and constitute a potent risk factor for the onset of a major depressive episode. Resting-state neuroimaging studies have increasingly identified abnormal whole-brain communication in patients with depression, but it is currently unclear whether depressive symptoms in individuals without a clinical diagnosis have reliable neural underpinnings. We investigated to what extent the severity of depressive symptoms in a non-clinical sample was associated with imbalances in the complex dynamics of the brain during rest. To this end, a novel intrinsic ignition approach was applied to resting-state neuroimaging data from sixty-nine participants with varying degrees of depressive symptoms following a relationship breakup. Ignition-based measures of integration, hierarchy, and metastability were calculated for each participant, revealing a negative correlation between these measures and depressive ratings. We found that the severity of depressive symptoms was associated with deficits in the brain’s capacity to globally integrate and process information over time. Furthermore, we found that increased depressive symptoms were associated with reduced spatial diversity (i.e., hierarchy) and reduced temporal variability (i.e., metastability) in the functional organization of the brain. These findings suggest the merit of investigating constrained dynamical complexity as it is sensitive to the level of depressive symptoms even in a non-clinical sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonsoles Alonso Martínez
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells & Systems, Cognitive Neuroscience Center, 9713 AW Groningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Jan-Bernard C Marsman
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells & Systems, Cognitive Neuroscience Center, 9713 AW Groningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Morten L Kringelbach
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, OX3 7JX Oxford, United Kingdom; Center for Music in the Brain, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark; Life and Health Sciences Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal.
| | - Gustavo Deco
- Center for Brain and Cognition, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 08010 Barcelona, Spain; Institució Catalana de la Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 08010 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Gert J Ter Horst
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells & Systems, Cognitive Neuroscience Center, 9713 AW Groningen, the Netherlands.
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108
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You M, Laborde S, Dosseville F, Salinas A, Allen MS. Associations of chronotype, Big Five, and emotional competences with perceived stress in university students. Chronobiol Int 2020; 37:1090-1098. [PMID: 32400200 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2020.1752705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the associations between individual difference factors (chronotype, Big Five, emotional competences) and perceived stress in French university students. In total, 362 students agreed to take part (M age = 20.19 ± 1.75 years). Participants completed the Caen Chronotype Questionnaire, Big Five Inventory, the Profile of Emotional Competences, and the Perceived Stress Scale. Results showed that chronotype amplitude (+), eveningness chronotype (+), neuroticism (+), conscientiousness (-), and intrapersonal emotional competences (-) were important for perceived stress. These findings have theoretical and practical implications in terms of identifying students who might benefit most from stress management interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min You
- UFR De Psychologie, EA3918 CERREV, University of Caen Normandy , France
| | - Sylvain Laborde
- Department of Performance Psychology, Institute of Psychology, German Sport University Cologne , Cologne, Germany.,EA4260CesamS, University of Caen Normandy , France
| | | | - Agnès Salinas
- UFR De Psychologie, EA3918 CERREV, University of Caen Normandy , France
| | - Mark S Allen
- School of Psychology, University of Wollongong , Wollongong, Australia
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109
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Trait Anxiety Mediated by Amygdala Serotonin Transporter in the Common Marmoset. J Neurosci 2020; 40:4739-4749. [PMID: 32393533 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.2930-19.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
High trait anxiety is associated with altered activity across emotion regulation circuitry and a higher risk of developing anxiety disorders and depression. This circuitry is extensively modulated by serotonin. Here, to understand why some people may be more vulnerable to developing affective disorders, we investigated whether serotonin-related gene expression across the brain's emotion regulation circuitry may underlie individual differences in trait anxiety using the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus, mixed sexes) as a model. First, we assessed the association of region-specific expression of the serotonin transporter (SLC6A4) and serotonin receptor (HTR1A, HTR2A, HTR2C) genes with anxiety-like behavior; and second, we investigated their causal role in two key features of the high trait anxious phenotype: high responsivity to anxiety-provoking stimuli and an exaggerated conditioned threat response. While the expression of the serotonin receptors did not show a significant relationship with anxiety-like behavior in any of the targeted brain regions, serotonin transporter expression, specifically within the right ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (vlPFC) and most strongly in the right amygdala, was associated positively with anxiety-like behavior. The causal relationship between amygdala serotonin levels and an animal's sensitivity to threat was confirmed via direct amygdala infusions of a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), citalopram. Both anxiety-like behaviors, and conditioned threat-induced responses were reduced by the blockade of serotonin reuptake in the amygdala. Together, these findings provide evidence that high amygdala serotonin transporter expression contributes to the high trait anxious phenotype and suggest that reduction of threat reactivity by SSRIs may be mediated by their actions in the amygdala.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Findings here contribute to our understanding of how the serotonin system underlies an individual's expression of threat-elicited negative emotions such as anxiety and fear within nonhuman primates. Exploration of serotonergic gene expression across brain regions implicated in emotion regulation revealed that serotonin transporter gene expression in the ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (vlPFC) and most strongly in the amygdala, but none of the serotonin receptor genes, were predictive of interindividual differences in anxiety-like behavior. Targeting of amygdala serotonin reuptake with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) confirmed the causal relationship between amygdala serotonin transporter and an animal's sensitivity to threat by reversing expression of two key features of the high trait-like anxiety phenotype: high responsivity to anxiety-provoking uncertain threat and responsivity to certain conditioned threat.
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110
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Schwarz K, Moessnang C, Schweiger JI, Baumeister S, Plichta MM, Brandeis D, Banaschewski T, Wackerhagen C, Erk S, Walter H, Tost H, Meyer-Lindenberg A. Transdiagnostic Prediction of Affective, Cognitive, and Social Function Through Brain Reward Anticipation in Schizophrenia, Bipolar Disorder, Major Depression, and Autism Spectrum Diagnoses. Schizophr Bull 2020; 46:592-602. [PMID: 31586408 PMCID: PMC7147576 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbz075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The relationship between transdiagnostic, dimensional, and categorical approaches to psychiatric nosology is under intense debate. To inform this discussion, we studied neural systems linked to reward anticipation across a range of disorders and behavioral dimensions. We assessed brain responses to reward expectancy in a large sample of 221 participants, including patients with schizophrenia (SZ; n = 27), bipolar disorder (BP; n = 28), major depressive disorder (MD; n = 31), autism spectrum disorder (ASD; n = 25), and healthy controls (n = 110). We also characterized all subjects with an extensive test battery from which a cognitive, affective, and social functioning factor was constructed. These factors were subsequently related to functional responses in the ventral striatum (vST) and neural networks linked to it. We found that blunted vST responses were present in SZ, BP, and ASD but not in MD. Activation within the vST predicted individual differences in affective, cognitive, and social functioning across diagnostic boundaries. Network alterations extended beyond the reward network to include regions implicated in executive control. We further confirmed the robustness of our results in various control analyses. Our findings suggest that altered brain responses during reward anticipation show transdiagnostic alterations that can be mapped onto dimensional measures of functioning. They also highlight the role of executive control of reward and salience signaling in the disorders we study and show the power of systems-level neuroscience to account for clinically relevant behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Schwarz
- Systems Neuroscience in Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Carolin Moessnang
- Systems Neuroscience in Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Janina I Schweiger
- Systems Neuroscience in Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Sarah Baumeister
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Michael M Plichta
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany,Present address: Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Daniel Brandeis
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany,Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Psychiatry Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland,Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland,Neuroscience Center Zurich, ETH and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Tobias Banaschewski
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Carolin Wackerhagen
- Division of Mind and Brain Research, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy CCM, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Susanne Erk
- Division of Mind and Brain Research, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy CCM, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Henrik Walter
- Division of Mind and Brain Research, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy CCM, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Heike Tost
- Systems Neuroscience in Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Andreas Meyer-Lindenberg
- Systems Neuroscience in Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany,To whom correspondence should be addressed; tel: +49-(0)-621-1703-2001, fax: +49-(0)-621-1703-2005, e-mail:
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111
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Strahler J, Haddad C, Salameh P, Sacre H, Obeid S, Hallit S. Cross-cultural differences in orthorexic eating behaviors: Associations with personality traits. Nutrition 2020; 77:110811. [PMID: 32447071 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2020.110811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Sociocultural factors and personality traits play key roles in determining dietary behaviors. Orthorexia nervosa (ON), the pathologic obsession with healthy eating, is increasingly receiving scientific attention. However, mechanisms and risk factors are not completely understood. The aims of this study were to compare the prevalence of orthorexic eating attitudes among adults in Germany and Lebanon, and to examine the relationship with primary facets of personality and maladaptive personality traits. METHODS The German sample comprised 391 adults, of which 314 were women (80.3%) and the mean age was 27 y. The Lebanese sample comprised 519 adults, of which 283 were women (56%) and the mean age was 36 y. In addition to sociodemographic data, participants completed the Dusseldorf Orthorexia Scale (DOS), the Teruel Orthorexia Scale (TOS), the Big Five Inventory, and the Personality Inventory for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition. RESULTS Generally higher levels of healthy orthorexia among women and higher levels of ON according to the TOS-ON and DOS scores were found in Lebanon. In the Lebanese sample, 8.4% presented a high risk for ON, whereas this was true for only 4.9% of the German sample. Some associations between DOS/TOS scores and personality traits appeared but coefficients were generally low. Hierarchical multiple regression showed that the negative association between ON and the traits agreeableness and negative affectivity was clearly evident in the Lebanese sample but less so in the German sample. Age, body mass index, marital status, and subjective social status were not relevant moderators of effects. Comparison by country indicated higher prevalence of pathologic healthful eating and ON in the Lebanese sample compared with the German group. Personality traits, but not sociodemographic variables, partly contributed to this difference. CONCLUSION The present results suggested the importance of sociocultural factors in the development of eating pathologies and proposed specific personality traits as important associated factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Strahler
- Department of Health Psychology and Applied Diagnostics, Faculty of Human-Social Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany; Department of Psychotherapy and Systems Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology and Sport Science, University of Giessen, Giessen, Germany.
| | - Chadia Haddad
- Research Department, Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, Jal Eddib, Lebanon; INSERM, U1094, Tropical Neuroepidemiology, Limoges, France; University of Limoges, UMR 1094, Tropical Neuroepidemiology, Institute of Epidemiology and Tropical Neurology, Limoges, France; CH Esquirol, Department of Psychiatry, Limoges, France
| | - Pascale Salameh
- Institut National de Santé Publique, d'Épidémiologie Clinique et de Toxicologie, Beirut, Lebanon; Faculty of Pharmacy, Lebanese University, Hadat, Lebanon; Faculty of Medicine, Lebanese University, Hadat, Lebanon
| | - Hala Sacre
- Institut National de Santé Publique, d'Épidémiologie Clinique et de Toxicologie, Beirut, Lebanon; Drug Information Center, Order of Pharmacists of Lebanon, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Sahar Obeid
- Institut National de Santé Publique, d'Épidémiologie Clinique et de Toxicologie, Beirut, Lebanon; Department of Psychology, Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, Jal Eddib, Lebanon; Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon
| | - Souheil Hallit
- Institut National de Santé Publique, d'Épidémiologie Clinique et de Toxicologie, Beirut, Lebanon; Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon.
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112
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Gong Y, Shi J, Ding H, Zhang M, Kang C, Wang K, Yu Y, Wei J, Wang S, Shao N, Han J. Personality traits and depressive symptoms: The moderating and mediating effects of resilience in Chinese adolescents. J Affect Disord 2020; 265:611-617. [PMID: 31787420 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2019.11.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Revised: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Various studies showed that personality traits and resilience might have impacts on depressive symptoms, separately. However, the relationships among personality traits, resilience and depressive symptoms are still undefined. Thus, this study tried to explore the potential effect of resilience on the associations between personality traits and depressive symptoms in Chinese adolescents. METHODS Adolescents (n = 6019) aged 10-17 years were recruited from nine schools in Wuhan, China. Depressive symptoms, personality traits, and resilience were evaluated by the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale (CES-D), the NEO-Five Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI), and the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC), respectively. RESULTS Neuroticism was positively associated with depressive symptoms, whereas extraversion, openness, agreeableness, and conscientiousness were negatively associated with depressive symptoms. Resilience separately moderated the associations of neuroticism, extraversion, agreeableness, and conscientiousness with depressive symptoms, and partly mediated the associations of all five personality traits with depressive symptoms. LIMITATIONS This study is a cross sectional study and cannot ascertain the causal relationships between the variables. Also self-reported questionnaire instruments were used in the data collection. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggested that resilience might play moderating and mediating roles in the associations of personality traits with depressive symptoms, and prompted that it was critical to improve resilience and develop adaptive personality traits in the prevention and intervention of depression in adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusha Gong
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430000, China
| | - Junxin Shi
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430000, China
| | - Huisi Ding
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430000, China
| | - Minli Zhang
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430000, China
| | - Chun Kang
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430000, China
| | - Kaiqiao Wang
- Department of Education, Culture and Sports, East Lake New Technology Development Zone, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430000, China
| | - Yizhen Yu
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430000, China
| | - Jishan Wei
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430000, China
| | - Sichao Wang
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430000, China
| | - Ning Shao
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430000, China
| | - Juan Han
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430000, China.
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Jeronimus BF. Commentary: Contextualizing Neuroticism in the Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11:175. [PMID: 32226947 PMCID: PMC7080961 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Bertus F. Jeronimus
- Department of Developmental Psychology, Faculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
- Interdisciplinary Center Psychopathology and Emotion Regulation, Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
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Santangelo G, D'Iorio A, Peluso S, Mautone G, Vitale C, Manganelli F, Ruggiero L, Esposito M. Personality traits associated with blepharospasm: A comparison with healthy subjects, patients with facial hemispasm and patients with hyperhidrosis. J Clin Neurosci 2020; 74:130-134. [PMID: 32067829 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2020.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to explore the existence of specific personality traits related to patients with blepharospasm (BSP), treated with injections of botulinum neurotoxin (BTX). Sixteen patients with BSP, 22 with facial hemispasm (HFS), 20 with essential hyperhidrosis (EH) and 20 healthy controls (HCs) completed the Temperament and Character Inventory-Revised to explore personality traits based on Cloninger's Psychobiological Model. The results revealed that the four groups differed on the Harm Avoidance (HA) scale and fear of uncertainty subscale, as well as on Persistence (PS). On HA, BSP group did not differ from HCs, but had higher scores than HFS and EH groups. On PS scales, BSP and HFS patients did not differ between them but showed higher score than HCs and EH patients. Our findings suggested that a high level of Harm Avoidance and Persistence seem to be associated with BSP, when compared with any disorders treated with BTX. An evaluation of the personality traits might help the clinicians to early identify BSP patients at greater risk of developing psychopathological disturbances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella Santangelo
- Neuropsychology and Memory Clinic, Department of Psychology, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Caserta, Italy.
| | - Alfonsina D'Iorio
- Neuropsychology and Memory Clinic, Department of Psychology, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Caserta, Italy
| | - Silvio Peluso
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Science and Dentistry, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Giusi Mautone
- Neuropsychology and Memory Clinic, Department of Psychology, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Caserta, Italy
| | - Carmine Vitale
- Department of Motor Sciences and Wellness, University "Parthenope", Naples, Italy
| | - Fiore Manganelli
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Science and Dentistry, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Lucia Ruggiero
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Science and Dentistry, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Marcello Esposito
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Science and Dentistry, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
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Dong D, Li C, Zhong X, Gao Y, Cheng C, Sun X, Xiong G, Ming Q, Zhang X, Wang X, Yao S. Neuroticism modulates neural activities of posterior cingulate cortex and thalamus during psychosocial stress processing. J Affect Disord 2020; 262:223-228. [PMID: 31727395 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2019.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Revised: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Individuals with higher neuroticism are vulnerable to stress and are prone to develop depression, however, the neural mechanisms underlying it have not been clarified clearly. METHOD The Montreal Imaging Stress Task (MIST) was administered to 148 healthy adults during functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Whole-brain voxel-wise regression analyses were used to detect associations of neuroticism with neural activity involved in perceiving and processing psychosocial stress. In addition, two-sample t-tests were conducted between the high-neurotic and low-neurotic group in order to supplement the results found in regression analyses. RESULTS Higher neuroticism scores were associated with higher activities in the posterior cingulate cortex (PCC)/precuneus and thalamus (p < 0.05, false discovery rate correction). Moreover, two sample t-tests also revealed that the high-neurotic group had higher neural stress responses in precuneus and bilateral thalamus in comparison to the low-neurotic group (p < 0.05, false discovery rate correction). LIMITATIONS Our study mainly recruited young adults, which may limit the generalizability of our findings. CONCLUSIONS Our findings highlight the crucial role of PCC/precuneus and thalamus in the association between neuroticism and stress and may provide insight into the cognitive model of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daifeng Dong
- Medical Psychological Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China; Medical Psychological Institute of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; China National Clinical Research Center on Mental Disorders (Xiangya), Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Chuting Li
- Medical Psychological Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China; Medical Psychological Institute of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; China National Clinical Research Center on Mental Disorders (Xiangya), Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xue Zhong
- Medical Psychological Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China; Medical Psychological Institute of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; China National Clinical Research Center on Mental Disorders (Xiangya), Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yidian Gao
- Medical Psychological Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China; Medical Psychological Institute of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; China National Clinical Research Center on Mental Disorders (Xiangya), Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Chang Cheng
- Medical Psychological Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China; Medical Psychological Institute of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; China National Clinical Research Center on Mental Disorders (Xiangya), Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Sun
- Medical Psychological Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China; Medical Psychological Institute of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; China National Clinical Research Center on Mental Disorders (Xiangya), Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ge Xiong
- Medical Psychological Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China; Medical Psychological Institute of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; China National Clinical Research Center on Mental Disorders (Xiangya), Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qingsen Ming
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Xiaocui Zhang
- Medical Psychological Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China; Medical Psychological Institute of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; China National Clinical Research Center on Mental Disorders (Xiangya), Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiang Wang
- Medical Psychological Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China; Medical Psychological Institute of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; China National Clinical Research Center on Mental Disorders (Xiangya), Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Shuqiao Yao
- Medical Psychological Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China; Medical Psychological Institute of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; China National Clinical Research Center on Mental Disorders (Xiangya), Changsha, Hunan, China.
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116
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Ejova A, Milojev P, Worthington EL, Bulbulia J, Sibley CG. The Big Six Personality Traits and Mental Distress: Dynamic Modeling in a Population Panel Study Reveals Bidirectional Relationships Involving Neuroticism, Extraversion, and Conscientiousness. PERSONALITY AND SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY BULLETIN 2020; 46:1287-1302. [PMID: 31989864 DOI: 10.1177/0146167219895349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
In a single comprehensive model, using a large nationally representative sample, we investigate longitudinal relationships between mental distress and "Big Six" personality using an analysis approach sensitive to dynamic effects (i.e., to effects of deviations from individual trajectories). We find that, consistent with a mechanism involving scarring by distress, upward deviations (flare-ups) in distress predict flare-ups in Neuroticism 12 months later. Among younger adults (n = 4,775), distress flare-ups predict dips in Conscientiousness. Consistent with a dynamic precursor model, (a) flare-ups in Neuroticism and Extraversion predict subsequent flare-ups in distress among older adults (n = 11,167), and (b) slopes of distress correlate with slopes of a number of traits (e.g., positively for Neuroticism, and, among older adults, negatively for Extraversion). While demonstrating these scarring and dynamic precursor effects, we draw attention to a nuanced direction of dynamic effect for Extraversion, a newly discovered dynamic effect of Conscientiousness, and previously undocumented dynamic effects of traits on each other.
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117
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Struijs SY, Lamers F, Verdam MGE, van Ballegooijen W, Spinhoven P, van der Does W, Penninx BWJH. Temporal stability of symptoms of affective disorders, cognitive vulnerability and personality over time. J Affect Disord 2020; 260:77-83. [PMID: 31493643 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2019.08.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Revised: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Signs and symptoms of psychopathology can be chronic but are generally regarded as less stable over time than markers of cognitive vulnerability and personality. Some findings suggest that these differences in temporal stability are modest in size but a rigorous examination across concepts is lacking. The current study investigated the temporal stability of affective symptoms, cognitive vulnerability markers and personality traits at various assessments over nine years. METHODS Participants of the Netherlands Study of Depression and Anxiety were assessed at baseline and reassessed after 2, 4, 6 and 9 years. They were grouped on the basis of waves of depression and anxiety CIDI-diagnoses into stable healthy (n = 768), stable patients (n = 352) and unstable patients (n = 821). We determined temporal stability by calculating intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) and consistency indices of latent state-trait analyses (LST). RESULTS Temporal stability was moderate to high for symptoms (range ICC's 0.54-0.73; range consistency 0.64-0.74), cognitive vulnerability (range ICC's 0.53-0.76; range consistency 0.60-0.74) and personality (range ICC's 0.57-0.80; range consistency.60 -0.75). Consistency indices for all measures were on average a bit lower in the unstable group (ICC = 0.54) compared to the stable groups (ICC = 0.61). Overall stability was similarly high after 2, 4, 6 and 9 years. CONCLUSION The 9-year stability over time of symptoms of affective disorders and that of indices of cognitive vulnerability and personality are remarkably similar and relatively high.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sascha Y Struijs
- Institute of Psychology, Leiden University, AK Leiden 2333, the Netherlands; Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam 1081 HV, the Netherlands.
| | - Femke Lamers
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam 1081 HV, the Netherlands
| | | | - Wouter van Ballegooijen
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam 1081 HV, the Netherlands; Section Clinical Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam 1081 BT, the Netherlands
| | - Philip Spinhoven
- Institute of Psychology, Leiden University, AK Leiden 2333, the Netherlands; Department of Psychiatry, Leiden University Medical Centre, 2333 ZA, the Netherlands
| | - Willem van der Does
- Institute of Psychology, Leiden University, AK Leiden 2333, the Netherlands; Department of Psychiatry, Leiden University Medical Centre, 2333 ZA, the Netherlands
| | - Brenda W J H Penninx
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam 1081 HV, the Netherlands
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118
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Naragon-Gainey K, McMahon TP, Park J. The contributions of affective traits and emotion regulation to internalizing disorders: Current state of the literature and measurement challenges. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 73:1175-1186. [PMID: 30525799 DOI: 10.1037/amp0000371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Dysfunctional affective processes are central to the experience of internalizing disorders (e.g., depression, anxiety, and related disorders). Specifically, extreme positive affect and elevated negative affect each have unique and robust patterns of associations with internalizing symptoms. This article examines affect as both an individual difference and a within-person dynamic process that unfolds over time. Recent research is reviewed that clarifies the hierarchical structure of affect and facet-level associations with symptoms, affect-laden traits that confer risk for internalizing psychopathology, models of emotion regulation, and how emotion regulation abilities and strategies contribute to or detract from psychological well-being. Several measurement challenges in this literature are identified and discussed, including possible conceptual and content overlap, mood-state distortion, naturalistic assessment in daily life, and the benefits and limitations of self-reported affective experience. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2018 APA, all rights reserved).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tierney P McMahon
- Department of Psychology, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York
| | - Juhyun Park
- Department of Psychology, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York
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119
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Waszczuk MA, Li K, Ruggero CJ, Clouston SAP, Luft BJ, Kotov R. Maladaptive Personality Traits and 10-Year Course of Psychiatric and Medical Symptoms and Functional Impairment Following Trauma. Ann Behav Med 2019; 52:697-712. [PMID: 30010707 DOI: 10.1093/abm/kax030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Personality is a major predictor of many mental and physical disorders, but its contributions to illness course are understudied. Purpose The current study aimed to explore whether personality is associated with a course of psychiatric and medical illness over 10 years following trauma. Methods World Trade Center (WTC) responders (N = 532) completed the personality inventory for DSM-5, which measures both broad domains and narrow facets. Responders' mental and physical health was assessed in the decade following the WTC disaster during annual monitoring visits at a WTC Health Program clinic. Multilevel modeling was used in an exploratory manner to chart the course of health and functioning, and examine associations of maladaptive personality domains and facets with intercepts (initial illness) and slopes (course) of illness trajectories. Results Three maladaptive personality domains-negative affectivity, detachment and psychoticism-were uniquely associated with initial posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD); detachment and psychoticism were also associated with initial functional impairment. Five facets-emotional lability, anhedonia, callousness, distractibility and perceptual dysregulation-were uniquely associated with initial mental and physical health and functional impairment. Anxiousness and depressivity facets were associated with worse initial levels of psychiatric outcomes only. With regard to illness trajectory, callousness and perceptual dysregulation were associated with the increase in PTSD symptoms. Anxiousness was associated with greater persistence of respiratory symptoms. Conclusions Several personality domains and facets were associated with initial levels and long-term course of illness and functional impairment in a traumatized population. Results inform the role of maladaptive personality in the development and maintenance of chronic mental-physical comorbidity. Personality might constitute a transdiagnostic prognostic and treatment target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika A Waszczuk
- Department of Psychiatry, Stony Brook University, Health Sciences Center, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - Kaiqiao Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Stony Brook University, Health Sciences Center, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - Camilo J Ruggero
- Department of Psychology, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, USA
| | - Sean A P Clouston
- Program in Public Health and Department of Preventive Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Benjamin J Luft
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Roman Kotov
- Department of Psychiatry, Stony Brook University, Health Sciences Center, Stony Brook, New York, USA
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120
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Personality and the Expression of Symptomatology in Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder. J Nerv Ment Dis 2019; 207:899-907. [PMID: 31503186 PMCID: PMC9662753 DOI: 10.1097/nmd.0000000000001060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Researchers and clinicians have begun using dimensions rather than categories to classify psychopathology with a reliance on personality questionnaires to tap traits that can inform dimensional characterizations. A neglected concern is whether in severe psychopathology questionnaire-based assessments of personality reflect a lifetime propensity toward a diagnosis, as some personality-psychopathology models posit, or reflect the transient effects of current symptoms, as a complication model of personality-psychopathology would suggest. Accurate characterization of psychopathology is necessary to understand etiology and prescribe clinical care. We studied 127 adults with schizophrenia, schizoaffective, or bipolar disorder who completed well-validated measures of personality, current symptomatology, and lifetime psychopathology. We found that normative personality traits were related to current symptoms but unrelated to lifetime symptomatology, whereas the schizotypal trait of cognitive-perceptual distortions predicted lifetime psychosis severity. Questionnaire-based assessments of normative personality are likely affected by current symptom states and may fail to yield a stable characterization of psychopathology.
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121
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Raine KH, Boyce P, Thorpe K. Antenatal interpersonal sensitivity as an early predictor of vulnerable mother-infant relationship quality. Clin Child Psychol Psychiatry 2019; 24:860-875. [PMID: 31232090 DOI: 10.1177/1359104519857217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Maternal mental health problems in the perinatal period incur significant human and economic costs attributable to adverse child outcomes. In response, governments invest in screening for perinatal depressive symptoms. Mother-infant relationship quality (MIRQ) is a key mechanism linking maternal perinatal mental health to child outcomes. Perinatal depressive symptoms are typically transient while personality style, including interpersonal sensitivity, is a more stable construct. We have demonstrated that antenatal interpersonal sensitivity independently predicted MIRQ at 12 months postpartum. Building on our previous work, the objective of this study was to examine the associations of antenatal interpersonal sensitivity and depressive symptoms with MIRQ 1 year postnatal. A sample of 73 women attending routine antenatal care, 61 (84%) from ethnically diverse populations, were studied across the perinatal period. At ⩽26 weeks, gestation interpersonal sensitivity and depressive symptoms were measured. At 12 months, postnatal mental health and MIRQ was assessed in 35 of the mother-infant dyads. We found no significant statistical association between antenatal interpersonal sensitivity and depressive symptoms with postnatal MIRQ. Interpersonal sensitivity (r = -.24) showed weak association with MIRQ. Depressive symptom scores were not associated (r =-.01). Maternal sensitivity assessment (MIRQ) using the CARE-Index identified low mean scores signifying low levels of maternal sensitivity (potential range 0-14; mean score = 6.3). We cautiously suggest that the findings raise questions about the presentation and assessment of perinatal mental health status among ethnically diverse populations and scoping of parenting support needs within this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Hazell Raine
- Discipline of Psychiatry, Westmead Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Philip Boyce
- Discipline of Psychiatry, Westmead Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Karen Thorpe
- Institute for Social Science Research, The University of Queensland, Australia
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Hazell Raine K, Nath S, Howard LM, Cockshaw W, Boyce P, Sawyer E, Thorpe K. Associations between prenatal maternal mental health indices and mother-infant relationship quality 6 to 18 months' postpartum: A systematic review. Infant Ment Health J 2019; 41:24-39. [PMID: 31524300 DOI: 10.1002/imhj.21825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Maternal mental disorders can significantly impact on children's psychosocial and psychological development, incurring substantial ongoing economic and personal costs. A key mediating mechanism is mother-infant relationship quality (MIRQ). Research studies and perinatal mental health screening initiatives have predominantly focused on depressive symptoms and perinatal depression as predictors of MIRQ. While maternal depression is associated with suboptimal MIRQ, the findings have not been consistent. Personality characteristics are associated with parenting and proneness to depression, presenting a potential addition to prenatal mental health assessment. We conducted a systematic review of studies that have examined the link between prenatal depressive symptoms and/or personality characteristics with postnatal MIRQ. Our findings suggest that both maternal personality traits and depressive symptoms measured in early pregnancy are associated with postnatal MIRQ. A measure of personality characteristics may enhance prenatal mental health assessment, affording opportunities for targeted intervention commencing in pregnancy to improve MIRQ, parenting, maternal mental health outcomes, and infant psychosocial and psychological development, and thereby contributing to the reduction of human and economic cost burdens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Hazell Raine
- Discipline of Psychiatry, Westmead Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Selina Nath
- Section of Women's Mental Health, King's College, London, United Kingdom
| | - Louise M Howard
- Section of Women's Mental Health, King's College, London, United Kingdom
| | - Wendell Cockshaw
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Philip Boyce
- Discipline of Psychiatry, Westmead Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Emily Sawyer
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia
| | - Karen Thorpe
- Institute for Social Science Research, University of Queensland, Queensland, Australia
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Work and mental health in doctors: A short review of Norwegian studies. Porto Biomed J 2019; 4:e50. [PMID: 31893247 PMCID: PMC6924981 DOI: 10.1097/j.pbj.0000000000000050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
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Levin-Aspenson HF, Khoo S, Kotelnikova Y. Hierarchical taxonomy of psychopathology across development: Associations with personality. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN PERSONALITY 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jrp.2019.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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125
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Hullam G, Antal P, Petschner P, Gonda X, Bagdy G, Deakin B, Juhasz G. The UKB envirome of depression: from interactions to synergistic effects. Sci Rep 2019; 9:9723. [PMID: 31278308 PMCID: PMC6611783 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-46001-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Major depressive disorder is a result of the complex interplay between a large number of environmental and genetic factors but the comprehensive analysis of contributing environmental factors is still an open challenge. The primary aim of this work was to create a Bayesian dependency map of environmental factors of depression, including life stress, social and lifestyle factors, using the UK Biobank data to determine direct dependencies and to characterize mediating or interacting effects of other mental health, metabolic or pain conditions. As a complementary approach, we also investigated the non-linear, synergistic multi-factorial risk of the UKB envirome on depression using deep neural network architectures. Our results showed that a surprisingly small number of core factors mediate the effects of the envirome on lifetime depression: neuroticism, current depressive symptoms, parental depression, body fat, while life stress and household income have weak direct effects. Current depressive symptom showed strong or moderate direct relationships with life stress, pain conditions, falls, age, insomnia, weight change, satisfaction, confiding in someone, exercise, sports and Townsend index. In conclusion, the majority of envirome exerts their effects in a dynamic network via transitive, interactive and synergistic relationships explaining why environmental effects may be obscured in studies which consider them individually.
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Grants
- OTKA (Hungarian Scientific Research Fund, No. 119866), BME-Biotechnology FIKP grant of EMMI (BME FIKP-BIO)
- Hungarian Brain Research Program (KTIA 13 NAP-A-II/14, KTIA NAP 13-2-2015-0001, 2017-1.2.1-NKP-2017-00002), the National Development Agency (KTIA NAP 13-1-2013-0001), Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA-SE Neuropsychopharmacology and Neurochemistry Research Group)
- UNKP-18-4-SE-33 New National Excellence Program of the Ministry of Human Capacities, Janos Bolyai Research Fellowship Program of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences.
- Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA-SE Neuropsychopharmacology and Neurochemistry Research Group), Hungarian Brain Research Program (KTIA 13 NAP-A-II/14, KTIA NAP 13-2-2015-0001, 2017-1.2.1-NKP-2017-00002), the National Development Agency (KTIA NAP 13-1-2013-0001)
- National Institute for Health Research Manchester Biomedical Research Centre
- OTKA (Hungarian Scientific Research Fund, No. 119866) BME-Biotechnology FIKP grant of EMMI (BME FIKP-BIO) Hungarian Brain Research Program (KTIA\_13\_NAP-A-II/14, KTIA\_NAP\_13-2-2015-0001, 2017-1.2.1-NKP-2017-00002) National Development Agency (KTIA\_NAP\_13-1-2013-0001) National Institute for Health Research Manchester Biomedical Research Centre Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA-SE Neuropsychopharmacology and Neurochemistry Research Group) New National Excellence Program of Ministry of Human Capacities (UNKP-17-4-BME-115,UNKP-18-4-SE-33)
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabor Hullam
- Department of Measurement and Information Systems, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budapest, H-1117, Hungary
- MTA-SE Neuropsychopharmacology and Neurochemistry Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest, H-1089, Hungary
| | - Peter Antal
- Department of Measurement and Information Systems, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budapest, H-1117, Hungary
| | - Peter Petschner
- MTA-SE Neuropsychopharmacology and Neurochemistry Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest, H-1089, Hungary
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, H-1089, Hungary
| | - Xenia Gonda
- MTA-SE Neuropsychopharmacology and Neurochemistry Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest, H-1089, Hungary
- NAP2-SE New Antidepressant Target Research Group Semmelweis University, Budapest, H-1089, Hungary
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gyorgy Bagdy
- MTA-SE Neuropsychopharmacology and Neurochemistry Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest, H-1089, Hungary
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, H-1089, Hungary
- NAP2-SE New Antidepressant Target Research Group Semmelweis University, Budapest, H-1089, Hungary
| | - Bill Deakin
- Neuroscience and Psychiatry Unit, Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, University of Manchester and Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
- Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust, Prestwich, Manchester, UK
| | - Gabriella Juhasz
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, H-1089, Hungary.
- Neuroscience and Psychiatry Unit, Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, University of Manchester and Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK.
- SE-NAP2 Genetic Brain Imaging Migraine Research Group, Semmelweis University, Budapest, H-1089, Hungary.
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Depression: more treatment but no drop in prevalence: how effective is treatment? And can we do better? Curr Opin Psychiatry 2019; 32:348-354. [PMID: 30855297 DOI: 10.1097/yco.0000000000000505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Since the 70s, treatment of depression, especially pharmacologically, has expanded enormously. However, epidemiological studies show that 12-month population prevalence rates have not dropped. This observation raises multiple questions. How good are treatments of depression actually? Do they improve long-term outcomes? Have the treatment gaps narrowed? And how can we make mental healthcare more effective at the population level? RECENT FINDINGS Recent publications suggest some answers. Controlled treatment trials show that effectiveness of specific treatments (pharmacological, psychological) is modest and probably overestimated owing to substantial spontaneous recovery and nonspecific therapeutic effects. Treatment gaps are still substantial and prevention has unclear long-term effects and is not structurally embedded. Future relevance of genetic information for better personalized treatment is potentially high but uncertain. Increasingly, the potential of treatment to improve long-term outcome is being questioned. SUMMARY To reduce prevalence, it is essential to narrow the treatment gaps, provide timely interventions and high-quality treatment, eradicate waiting lists, prescribe antidepressants more cautiously and better managed, consider psychological alternatives, and provide more psychosocial treatment in primary care with physician-assistants. In addition, research is needed on long-term outcome of different treatment modalities, and least but not last the value of structurally socially embedded preventive interventions.
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Hovenkamp-Hermelink JHM, Jeronimus BF, van der Veen DC, Spinhoven P, Penninx BWJH, Schoevers RA, Riese H. Differential associations of locus of control with anxiety, depression and life-events: A five-wave, nine-year study to test stability and change. J Affect Disord 2019; 253:26-34. [PMID: 31009845 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2019.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Revised: 02/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The locus of control (LOC) construct has been associated with onset, course, and severity of anxiety and depression. We investigated the stability of LOC, the bidirectional relationships between LOC and symptom severity of anxiety and depression over nine years, and the influence of intermediate positive and negative life-events on these associations. METHODS Data came from five assessment waves over nine years of 2052 subjects with an anxiety or depressive disorder or healthy controls. First, the stability of LOC (assessed with 5-item Mastery Scale) was tested. Next, associations between LOC, anxiety severity (Beck Anxiety Inventory), depression severity (Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology), and intermediate positive and negative life-events (20-item List of Threatening Experience Questionnaire) were determined with structural equation modeling. RESULTS LOC was rather stable over nine years (r = 0.62), and scores increased slightly with age (i.e. became more internal). LOC yielded equal stability estimates as symptom levels of anxiety and depression did over nine years. A more external LOC predicted higher anxiety and depression severity, but did not influence the incidence of positive and negative life-events. Higher depression severity and more negative life-events predicted the development of a more external LOC, whereas more positive life-events predicted a more internal LOC. Anxiety severity had no effect on LOC. LIMITATIONS Life-events were assessed with self-report measures. CONCLUSIONS The prospective associations between LOC and meaningful changes in anxiety and depressive symptom severity and experienced life-events may yield important new insights for clinical interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna H M Hovenkamp-Hermelink
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Department of Psychiatry, Interdisciplinary Center Psychopathology and Emotional regulation (ICPE), Groningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Bertus F Jeronimus
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Department of Psychiatry, Interdisciplinary Center Psychopathology and Emotional regulation (ICPE), Groningen, the Netherlands; University of Groningen, Department of Developmental Psychology, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Date C van der Veen
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Department of Psychiatry, Interdisciplinary Center Psychopathology and Emotional regulation (ICPE), Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Philip Spinhoven
- Leiden University, Institute of Psychology, Leiden, the Netherlands; Leiden University Medical Center, Department of Psychiatry, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Brenda W J H Penninx
- VU University Medical Center, Department of Psychiatry and Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; GGZ inGeest Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Robert A Schoevers
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Department of Psychiatry, Interdisciplinary Center Psychopathology and Emotional regulation (ICPE), Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Harriëtte Riese
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Department of Psychiatry, Interdisciplinary Center Psychopathology and Emotional regulation (ICPE), Groningen, the Netherlands
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128
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Deng Y, Li S, Zhou R, Walter M. Neuroticism Modulates the Functional Connectivity From Amygdala to Frontal Networks in Females When Avoiding Emotional Negative Pictures. Front Behav Neurosci 2019; 13:102. [PMID: 31143106 PMCID: PMC6520632 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2019.00102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Amygdala activity was previously found to correlate with neuroticism as an effect of valence, but so far few studies have focused on motivational context. The network subserving altered amygdala activity has not yet been investigated although some studies showed strong effective connections with prefrontal cortex (PFC). The goal of this study was to test the modulatory role of neuroticism on the functional connectivity (FC) between amygdala and other brain regions, especially PFC, during emotion processing from motivational direction. We applied an emotional picture viewing paradigm with different motivational directions (approaching and avoiding) in a large participant sample. The results showed that neuroticism predicted the amount of amygdala FC to dorsomedial PFC (dmPFC) and middle cingulate cortex (MCC). Increased FC during negative vs. positive pictures was found primarily in low neuroticism subjects, especially during the avoid condition. This valence and motivation dependent connectivity increase were disrupted for high neurotic participants. No effect of neuroticism was found for the approach condition. We showed that neuroticism, especially in the context of passive affect regulation, may have impaired connectivity between amygdala and putative regulatory cortical networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaling Deng
- Neuroscience and Intelligent Media Institute, Communication University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Shijia Li
- Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics (MOE&STCSM), Shanghai Changning-ECNU Mental Health Center, School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Renlai Zhou
- Department of Psychology, School of Social and Behavior Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Martin Walter
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany.,Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Tübingen, Germany.,Department for Behavioral Neurology, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany.,Clinical Affective Neuroimaging Laboratory (CANLAB), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
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129
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Langvik E, Bjerkeset O, Vaag J. Personality traits and the use of manual, alternative, and mental healthcare services and medication in Norwegian musicians. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2018.04.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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130
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Oniszczenko W, Rzeszutek M, Stanisławiak E. Affective Temperaments, Mood, and Insomnia Symptoms in a Nonclinical Sample. Behav Sleep Med 2019; 17:355-363. [PMID: 28745523 DOI: 10.1080/15402002.2017.1357121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to understand the relationship between affective temperaments and insomnia symptoms and to examine mood state as a mediator in this relationship. PARTICIPANTS The sample consisted of 659 adults (428 women and 231 men), aged 18-77 years old, derived from a nonclinical population. METHODS Affective temperaments were assessed using the Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa, Paris, and San Diego Autoquestionnaire (TEMPS-A). Mood was measured using the UWIST Mood Adjective Checklist (UMACL). Insomnia was evaluated by the Athens Insomnia Scale. RESULTS We found positive correlations among anxious, cyclothymic, depressive, and irritable affective temperaments and insomnia symptoms. Negative correlation with insomnia symptoms was found for hyperthymic temperament. Energetic arousal and tense arousal, as mood dimensions, positively correlated with insomnia symptoms. Hierarchical regression analysis indicated that anxious, cyclothymic, and hyperthymic temperaments were significant predictors of insomnia symptoms. Mediation analyses indicated that anxious, cyclothymic, and hyperthymic temperaments affected insomnia symptoms, both directly and indirectly, through energetic arousal as a mediator. CONCLUSIONS The results showed a relationship between affective temperaments and insomnia symptoms and included the role of energetic arousal, a mood state dimension, as a mediator.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marcin Rzeszutek
- a Faculty of Psychology , University of Warsaw , Warsaw , Poland
| | - Ewa Stanisławiak
- b Faculty of Psychology , University of Finance and Management , Warsaw , Poland
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131
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Sweeney M, Tsapanou A, Stern Y. Regional cortical thickness and neuroticism across the lifespan. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 2019; 286:39-44. [PMID: 30878715 PMCID: PMC6697258 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2019.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Revised: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Neuroticism is associated with greater reactivity to stress and lifetime psychopathology. In the present study we examined the association between neuroticism and regional and total cortical thickness (CT) across the lifespan, accounting for gender. We also assessed interactions among these factors. 450 subjects between 19 and 80 years were included. Participants completed the International Personality Item Pool and a structural MRI scan. Total CT and the mean values of CT in five regions of interest were examined. We also investigated the interaction effect among age, gender and neuroticism on CT. There was no significant association between neuroticism and regional/total CT. A significant interaction between neuroticism, age, and gender on the thickness of the anterior cingulate was found. Women high in neuroticism showed a thinner anterior cingulate cortex than women low in neuroticism, with increasing age. In contrast, men high in neuroticism had a thicker anterior cingulate cortex compared to men low in neuroticism, with increasing age. Overall, high neuroticism was associated with differential cortical thickness in the anterior cingulate among men and women with increasing age.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Angeliki Tsapanou
- Cognitive Neuroscience Division, Department of Neurology and the Taub Institute, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, 630 W 168th Street, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Yaakov Stern
- Cognitive Neuroscience Division, Department of Neurology and the Taub Institute, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, 630 W 168th Street, New York, NY 10032, USA.
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132
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Hur J, Stockbridge MD, Fox AS, Shackman AJ. Dispositional negativity, cognition, and anxiety disorders: An integrative translational neuroscience framework. PROGRESS IN BRAIN RESEARCH 2019; 247:375-436. [PMID: 31196442 PMCID: PMC6578598 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pbr.2019.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
When extreme, anxiety can become debilitating. Anxiety disorders, which often first emerge early in development, are common and challenging to treat, yet the underlying mechanisms have only recently begun to come into focus. Here, we review new insights into the nature and biological bases of dispositional negativity, a fundamental dimension of childhood temperament and adult personality and a prominent risk factor for the development of pediatric and adult anxiety disorders. Converging lines of epidemiological, neurobiological, and mechanistic evidence suggest that dispositional negativity increases the likelihood of psychopathology via specific neurocognitive mechanisms, including attentional biases to threat and deficits in executive control. Collectively, these observations provide an integrative translational framework for understanding the development and maintenance of anxiety disorders in adults and youth and set the stage for developing improved intervention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juyoen Hur
- Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States.
| | | | - Andrew S Fox
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Davis, CA, United States; California National Primate Research Center, University of California, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Alexander J Shackman
- Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States; Neuroscience and Cognitive Science Program, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States; Maryland Neuroimaging Center, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States.
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133
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Adolescent personality traits, low self-esteem and self-harm hospitalisation: a 15-year follow-up of the Norwegian Young-HUNT1 cohort. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2019; 28:329-339. [PMID: 30027416 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-018-1197-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Affective disorders are closely related to self-harm and suicidal behaviours. Less is known about how adolescent personality traits and self-esteem influence the development of later self-harm. We examined associations between personality traits such as neuroticism, psychoticism and extroversion, and self-esteem, in adolescence, and the risk of future self-harm hospitalisation. Baseline information from 13 to 19-year-old participants in the Norwegian Young-HUNT1 study in 1995-97 (n = 8965) was linked to endpoint data recorded from participants' hospital records, describing self-harm hospitalisation episodes within the catchment area. Crude and adjusted hazard ratios (HR) were estimated by Cox regression analyses. A one-unit increase on the 0-6 scale for neuroticism was associated with a HR of 1.29, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.14-1.47. Corresponding HR for psychoticism was 1.30, 95% CI 1.03-1.63 per unit increase, and for extroversion risk was reduced (HR 0.89, 95% CI 0.77-1.04). Positive perception of self-esteem was more strongly associated with reduced risk of self-harm hospitalisation (HR per unit increase on the 0-12 scale was 0.74, 95% CI 0.68-0.82). Additional adjustment for alcohol use and symptoms of combined anxiety and depression symptoms attenuated effect estimates, in particular for neuroticism (HR 1.13, 95% CI 0.96-1.32) and psychoticism (HR 1.07, 95% CI 0.82-1.40). In contrast, self-esteem associations remained largely the same after adjustment. Our results indicate that brief assessments of personality and self-esteem might add additional relevant information, and could be included as a supplement to standard suicidal risk assessment in adolescents.
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134
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Ormel J, Cuijpers P, Jorm AF, Schoevers R. Prevention of depression will only succeed when it is structurally embedded and targets big determinants. World Psychiatry 2019; 18:111-112. [PMID: 30600627 PMCID: PMC6313244 DOI: 10.1002/wps.20580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Johan Ormel
- University of GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
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135
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Naragon-Gainey K. Affective models of depression and anxiety: Extension to within-person processes in daily life. J Affect Disord 2019; 243:241-248. [PMID: 30248635 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2018.09.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Revised: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 09/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Affective models (e.g., tripartite model) delineate shared and unique components of depression and anxiety. Specifically, negative affect is broadly associated with these symptoms, whereas low positive affect is relatively specific to depression and social anxiety. However, it is unknown how affect relates to symptoms as they occur naturalistically in daily life or as a within-person dynamic process. METHOD 135 treatment-seeking adults completed a baseline assessment of trait affect and then rated current affect and symptoms (depression, social anxiety, panic, worry) three times per day for 10 days. Multilevel structural equation modeling was used, and prospective analyses held constant current symptoms. RESULTS Baseline trait negative affect and individual differences in momentary negative affect predicted all four symptoms in daily life, whereas low positive affect predicted greater depression only. Similar results were found for within-person concurrent analyses. Prospectively, momentary negative affect predicted increased depression up to 24 h later, and increased panic or worry up to 8-16 h later. Low momentary positive affect predicted greater depression only (8 h later). LIMITATIONS All data were self-reported, and some relevant anxiety and mood symptoms were excluded. The timing of reports was random and may have missed notable symptoms. Given the novelty of the study, replication is important. CONCLUSIONS Affective models of depression and anxiety derived from retrospective assessments demonstrated strong ecological validity. With the exception of PA and social anxiety, associations found at the between-person level generally applied to within-person processes, which may be amenable to tracking and targeting in therapy.
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136
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Lu A, Zhang M, Li M, Zhang Y, Zhang J. Neuroticism and depression: a moderated mediation model of secure peer attachment and blindness. J Child Adolesc Ment Health 2019; 31:63-75. [DOI: 10.2989/17280583.2019.1608829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aitao Lu
- Center for Studies of Psychological Application & School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Center of Mental Assistance and Contingency Technique for Emergency, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meichao Zhang
- Center for Studies of Psychological Application & School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Center of Mental Assistance and Contingency Technique for Emergency, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meirong Li
- Center for Studies of Psychological Application & School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Center of Mental Assistance and Contingency Technique for Emergency, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ye Zhang
- Center for Studies of Psychological Application & School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Center of Mental Assistance and Contingency Technique for Emergency, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jijia Zhang
- Department of Psychology & the Laboratory of the Department of Psychology, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China
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137
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Jeronimus BF, Snippe E, Emerencia AC, de Jonge P, Bos EH. Acute stress responses after indirect exposure to the MH17 airplane crash. Br J Psychol 2018; 110:790-813. [PMID: 30450537 PMCID: PMC6900050 DOI: 10.1111/bjop.12358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Revised: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
People can experience disasters vicariously (indirectly) via conversation, social media, radio, and television, even when not directly involved in a disaster. This study examined whether vicarious exposure to the MH17-airplane crash in Ukraine, with 196 Dutch victims, elicited affective and somatic responses in Dutch adults about 2,600 km away, who happened to participate in an ongoing diary study. Participants (n = 141) filled out a diary three times a day for 30 days on their smartphones. Within-person changes in positive affect (PA) and negative affect (NA) and somatic symptoms after the crash were studied. Additionally, we tested whether between-person differences in response could be explained by age, baseline personality (NEO-FFI-3), and media exposure. The MH17 crash elicited a small within-person decrease in PA and an increase in NA and somatic symptoms. This response waned after 3 days and returned to baseline at day four. The decrease in PA was larger in more extraverted participants but smaller in those higher on neuroticism or conscientiousness. The NA response was smaller in elderly. Personality did not seem to moderate the NA and somatic response, and neither did media exposure. Dutch participants showed small acute somatic and affective responses up till 3 days to a disaster that they had not directly witnessed. Vicariously experienced disasters can thus elicit affective-visceral responses indicative of acute stress reactions. Personality and age explained some of the individual differences in this reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bertus F Jeronimus
- Department of Developmental Psychology, University of Groningen, The Netherlands.,Department of Psychiatry, Interdisciplinary Center Psychopathology and Emotion regulation (ICPE), University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), University of Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Evelien Snippe
- Department of Psychiatry, Interdisciplinary Center Psychopathology and Emotion regulation (ICPE), University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), University of Groningen, The Netherlands.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, The Netherlands
| | - Ando C Emerencia
- Department of Developmental Psychology, University of Groningen, The Netherlands.,Department of Psychiatry, Interdisciplinary Center Psychopathology and Emotion regulation (ICPE), University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), University of Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Peter de Jonge
- Department of Developmental Psychology, University of Groningen, The Netherlands.,Department of Psychiatry, Interdisciplinary Center Psychopathology and Emotion regulation (ICPE), University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), University of Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Elisabeth H Bos
- Department of Developmental Psychology, University of Groningen, The Netherlands.,Department of Psychiatry, Interdisciplinary Center Psychopathology and Emotion regulation (ICPE), University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), University of Groningen, The Netherlands
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138
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Bos EH, Ten Have M, van Dorsselaer S, Jeronimus BF, de Graaf R, de Jonge P. Functioning before and after a major depressive episode: pre-existing vulnerability or scar? A prospective three-wave population-based study. Psychol Med 2018; 48:2264-2272. [PMID: 29331152 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291717003798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The vulnerability hypothesis suggests that impairments after remission of depressive episodes reflect a pre-existing vulnerability, while the scar hypothesis proposes that depression leaves residual impairments that confer risk of subsequent episodes. We prospectively examined vulnerability and scar effects in mental and physical functioning in a representative Dutch population sample. METHODS Three waves were used from the Netherlands Mental Health Survey and Incidence Study-2, a population-based study with a 6-years follow-up. Mental and physical functioning were assessed with the Medical Outcomes Study Short Form (SF-36). Major depressive disorder (MDD) was assessed with the Composite International Diagnostic Interview 3.0. Vulnerability effects were examined by comparing healthy controls (n = 2826) with individuals who developed a first-onset depressive episode during first follow-up but did not have a lifetime diagnosis of MDD at baseline (n = 181). Scarring effects were examined by comparing pre- and post-morbid functioning in individuals who developed a depressive episode after baseline that was remitted at the third wave (n = 108). RESULTS Both mental (B = -5.4, s.e. = 0.9, p < 0.001) and physical functioning (B = -8.2, s.e. = 1.1, p < 0.001) at baseline were lower in individuals who developed a first depressive episode after baseline compared with healthy controls. This effect was most pronounced in people who developed a severe episode. No firm evidence of scarring in mental or physical functioning was found. In unadjusted analyses, physical functioning was still lowered post-morbidly (B = -5.1, s.e. = 2.1, p = 0.014), but this effect disappeared in adjusted analyses. CONCLUSIONS Functional impairments after remission of depression seem to reflect a pre-existing vulnerability rather than a scar.
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Affiliation(s)
- E H Bos
- Department of Developmental Psychology,Behavioural and Social Sciences,University of Groningen,Groningen,The Netherlands
| | - M Ten Have
- Netherlands Institute of Mental Health and Addiction,Utrecht,The Netherlands
| | - S van Dorsselaer
- Netherlands Institute of Mental Health and Addiction,Utrecht,The Netherlands
| | - B F Jeronimus
- Department of Developmental Psychology,Behavioural and Social Sciences,University of Groningen,Groningen,The Netherlands
| | - R de Graaf
- Netherlands Institute of Mental Health and Addiction,Utrecht,The Netherlands
| | - P de Jonge
- Department of Developmental Psychology,Behavioural and Social Sciences,University of Groningen,Groningen,The Netherlands
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139
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Carrotte E, Anderson JR. A systematic review of the relationship between trait self-objectification and personality traits. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2018.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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140
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Lauderdale SA, Martin KJ, Moore J. Aversive Indecisiveness Predicts Risks for and Symptoms of Anxiety and Depression Over Avoidant Indecisiveness. JOURNAL OF RATIONAL-EMOTIVE AND COGNITIVE-BEHAVIOR THERAPY 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10942-018-0302-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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141
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Shackman AJ, Weinstein JS, Hudja SN, Bloomer CD, Barstead MG, Fox AS, Lemay EP. Dispositional negativity in the wild: Social environment governs momentary emotional experience. Emotion 2018; 18:707-724. [PMID: 28604044 PMCID: PMC5726948 DOI: 10.1037/emo0000339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Dispositional negativity-the tendency to experience more frequent or intense negative emotions-is a fundamental dimension of temperament and personality. Elevated levels of dispositional negativity have profound consequences for public health and wealth, drawing the attention of researchers, clinicians, and policymakers. Yet, relatively little is known about the factors that govern the momentary expression of dispositional negativity in the real world. Here, we used smart phone-based experience-sampling to demonstrate that the social environment plays a central role in shaping the moment-by-moment emotional experience of 127 young adults selectively recruited to represent a broad spectrum of dispositional negativity. Results indicate that individuals with a more negative disposition derive much larger emotional benefits from the company of close companions-friends, romantic partners, and family members-and that these benefits reflect heightened feelings of social connection and acceptance. These results set the stage for developing improved interventions and provide new insights into the interaction of emotional traits and situations in the real world, close to clinically and practically important end-points. (PsycINFO Database Record
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander J. Shackman
- Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742 USA
- Neuroscience and Cognitive Science Program, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742 USA
- Maryland Neuroimaging Center, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742 USA
| | | | - Stanton N. Hudja
- Krannert School of Management, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907 USA
| | - Conor D. Bloomer
- Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742 USA
| | - Matthew G. Barstead
- Department of Human Development and Quantitative Methodology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742 USA
| | - Andrew S. Fox
- Department of Psychology and California National Primate Research Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616 USA
| | - Edward P. Lemay
- Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742 USA
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142
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Functional Connectivity within the Primate Extended Amygdala Is Heritable and Associated with Early-Life Anxious Temperament. J Neurosci 2018; 38:7611-7621. [PMID: 30061190 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0102-18.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Revised: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 07/07/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Children with an extremely inhibited, anxious temperament (AT) are at increased risk for anxiety disorders and depression. Using a rhesus monkey model of early-life AT, we previously demonstrated that metabolism in the central extended amygdala (EAc), including the central nucleus of the amygdala (Ce) and bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BST), is associated with trait-like variation in AT. Here, we use fMRI to examine relationships between Ce-BST functional connectivity and AT in a large multigenerational family pedigree of rhesus monkeys (n = 170 females and 208 males). Results demonstrate that Ce-BST functional connectivity is heritable, accounts for a significant but modest portion of the variance in AT, and is coheritable with AT. Interestingly, Ce-BST functional connectivity and AT-related BST metabolism were not correlated and accounted for non-overlapping variance in AT. Exploratory analyses suggest that Ce-BST functional connectivity is associated with metabolism in the hypothalamus and periaqueductal gray. Together, these results suggest the importance of coordinated function within the EAc for determining individual differences in AT and metabolism in brain regions associated with its behavioral and neuroendocrine components.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Anxiety disorders directly impact the lives of nearly one in five people, accounting for substantial worldwide suffering and disability. Here, we use a nonhuman primate model of anxious temperament (AT) to understand the neurobiology underlying the early-life risk to develop anxiety disorders. Leveraging the same kinds of neuroimaging measures routinely used in human studies, we demonstrate that coordinated activation between the central nucleus of the amygdala and the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis is correlated with, and coinherited with, early-life AT. Understanding how these central extended amygdala regions work together to produce extreme anxiety provides a neural target for early-life interventions with the promise of preventing lifelong disability in at-risk children.
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143
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Goldstein BL, Kotov R, Perlman G, Watson D, Klein DN. Trait and facet-level predictors of first-onset depressive and anxiety disorders in a community sample of adolescent girls. Psychol Med 2018; 48:1282-1290. [PMID: 28929975 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291717002719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Individual differences in neuroticism, extraversion, and conscientiousness are associated with, and may predict onset of, internalizing disorders. These general traits can be parsed into facets, but there is a surprising paucity of research on facet risk for internalizing disorders. We examined general traits and facets of neuroticism, extraversion, and conscientiousness in predicting first onsets of depressive and anxiety disorders. METHODS A community sample of 550 adolescent females completed general and facet-level personality measures and diagnostic interviews. Interviews were re-administered 18 months later. RESULTS First onsets of depressive disorders were predicted by neuroticism, extraversion, and conscientiousness. Facets predicting first onset of depression included depressivity (neuroticism facet) and lower positive emotionality and sociability (extraversion facets). First onsets of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) were predicted by neuroticism, and particularly the facet of anxiousness. First onsets of social phobia were predicted at the facet level by anxiousness. First onsets of specific phobia were predicted by neuroticism, low conscientiousness, and all neuroticism facets. In multivariate analyses, first onsets of depression were uniquely predicted by depressivity, and onsets of GAD and social phobia were uniquely predicted by anxiousness over and above the general trait of neuroticism. CONCLUSIONS General traits predict first onsets of depressive and anxiety disorders. In addition, more specific associations are evident at the facet level. Facets can refine our understanding of the links between personality and psychopathology risk, and provide finer-grained targets for personality-informed interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Roman Kotov
- Department of Psychiatry,Stony Brook University,Stony Brook, NY,USA
| | - Greg Perlman
- Department of Psychiatry,Stony Brook University,Stony Brook, NY,USA
| | - David Watson
- Department of Psychology,University of Notre Dame,Notre Dame, IN,USA
| | - Daniel N Klein
- Department of Psychology,Stony Brook University,Stony Brook,NY,USA
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144
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Characterizing Depression Issues on Sina Weibo. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:ijerph15040764. [PMID: 29659489 PMCID: PMC5923806 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15040764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Revised: 04/08/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The prevalence of depression has increased significantly over the past few years both in developed and developing countries. However, many people with symptoms of depression still remain untreated or undiagnosed. Social media may be a tool to help researchers and clinicians to identify and support individuals who experience depression. More than 394,000,000 postings were collected from China’s most popular social media website, Sina Weibo. 1000 randomly selected depression-related postings was coded and analyzed to learn the themes of these postings, and a text classifier was built to identify the postings indicating depression. The identified depressed users were compared with the general population on demographic characteristics, diurnal patterns, and patterns of emoticon usage. We found that disclosure of depression was the most popular theme; depression displayers were more engaged with social media compared to non-depression displayers, the depression postings showed geographical variations, depression displayers tended to be active during periods of leisure and sleep, and depression displayers used negative emoticons more frequently than non-depression displayers. This study offers a broad picture of depression references on China’s social media, which may be cost effectively developed to detect and help individuals who may suffer from depression disorders.
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145
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Bianchi R, Rolland JP, Salgado JF. Burnout, Depression, and Borderline Personality: A 1,163-Participant Study. Front Psychol 2018; 8:2336. [PMID: 29375447 PMCID: PMC5769336 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.02336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
We examined the association of burnout with borderline personality (BP) traits in a study of 1,163 educational staff (80.9% women; mean age: 42.96). Because burnout has been found to overlap with depression, parallel analyses of burnout and depression were conducted. Burnout symptoms were assessed with the Shirom-Melamed Burnout Measure, depressive symptoms with the PHQ-9, and BP traits with the Borderline Personality Questionnaire. Burnout was found to be associated with BP traits, controlling for neuroticism and history of depressive disorders. In women, burnout was linked to both the "affective insecurity" and the "impulsiveness" component of BP. In men, only the link between burnout and "affective insecurity" reached statistical significance. Compared to participants with "low" BP scores, participants with "high" BP scores reported more burnout symptoms, depressive symptoms, neuroticism, and occupational stress and less satisfaction with life. Disattenuated correlations between burnout and depression were close to 1, among both women (0.91) and men (0.94). The patterns of association of burnout and depression with the main study variables were similar, pointing to overlapping nomological networks. Burnout symptoms were only partly attributed to work by our participants. Our findings suggest that burnout is associated with BP traits through burnout-depression overlap.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jesús F Salgado
- Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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146
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Schmidt FM, Sander C, Minkwitz J, Mergl R, Dalton B, Holdt LM, Teupser D, Hegerl U, Himmerich H. Serum Markers of Inflammation Mediate the Positive Association Between Neuroticism and Depression. Front Psychiatry 2018; 9:609. [PMID: 30524320 PMCID: PMC6256194 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The personality trait neuroticism has been implicated in a poor response to stress, may relate to increased concentrations of cytokines and the development of depression. Inflammatory mechanisms may also be associated with the onset, severity and symptoms of depression. Both are related to poor antidepressant treatment outcome. Therefore, mediators of inflammation may bridge the relationship between neuroticism and depression. Methods: To disentangle these interrelationships, the associations between neuroticism (according to NEO-PIR-N), depressive symptoms (BDI-II scores) and serum levels of hsCRP, TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-10, IL-12, IL-13, GM-CSF were investigated in a group of 212 participants, consisting of 37 depressed and 175 non-depressed subjects. A mediation model was used to investigate whether the impact of neuroticism on depressive symptoms may be mediated by cytokines. Results: Regression analyses revealed that IFN-γ, IL-5, and IL-12-levels, but none of the anti-inflammatory cytokines, were associated with the overall neuroticism score and several of the cytokines were related to the different facets of neuroticism. TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-5, IL-12, and IL-13 were further related to the severity of depressive symptoms, as well as the somatic-affective and the cognitive dimensions of depression. Pro-inflammatory IFN-γ, IL-5 and IL-12 were identified as mediators of the positive prediction of depression severity by the degree of neuroticism. Conclusions: The current findings demonstrate that conditions related to long-term stress, such as depression and high neuroticism, are related to an up-regulation of inflammatory agents. Neuroticism may increase stress perception and, thus, increase the production of pro-inflammatory messenger molecules which are involved in the development of depression. This evidence may contribute to future anti-inflammatory interventions, particularly in subjects with high neuroticism who are at risk for developing depression. Furthermore, depressed patients with high neuroticism and cytokine levels may require early escalations in the intensity of treatment, along with additional therapeutic elements to increase the rate of treatment success.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank M Schmidt
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Christian Sander
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Juliane Minkwitz
- Leipzig University Medical Center, IFB Adiposity Diseases, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Roland Mergl
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Bethan Dalton
- Department of Psychological Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Lesca M Holdt
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Munich, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Daniel Teupser
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Munich, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Ulrich Hegerl
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Hubertus Himmerich
- Leipzig University Medical Center, IFB Adiposity Diseases, Leipzig, Germany.,Department of Psychological Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
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147
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Pereira-Morales AJ, Adan A, Forero DA. Network analysis of multiple risk factors for mental health in young Colombian adults. J Ment Health 2017; 28:153-160. [PMID: 29265896 DOI: 10.1080/09638237.2017.1417568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A considerable proportion of young adults are affected by psychological distress at any time and an important fraction of them may develop mental disorders. Use of novel approaches for the analysis of data from multiple psychological scales might facilitate the identification of key indicators of mental health. AIMS The aim of current study was to examine the relationship between multiple risk factors for mental illness, using a network analysis perspective. METHODS A sample of 334 young Colombian adults (mean age = 21.7) were evaluated with validated scales measuring several psychosocial factors previously associated with mental health (e.g. worry, sleep problems, suicidal ideation, childhood abuse, alcohol related-problems and personality traits). A total of 24 nodes were included in the network analysis and topology, centrality, and stability of the networks were studied. RESULTS Specific nodes that occupied critical positions in the network were identified, with worry, perceived distress and low energy being the most central nodes. CONCLUSIONS Our explorative findings suggest that a network analysis might identify risk factors that have a central role in the multiple dimensions of emotional health in young adults. These novel analyses could have important applications for the understanding of the psychological functioning affecting mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela J Pereira-Morales
- a Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Genetics, Biomedical Sciences Research Group, School of Medicine, Universidad Antonio Nariño , Bogotá , Colombia
| | - Ana Adan
- b Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology , School of Psychology, University of Barcelona , Barcelona , Spain , and.,c Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona , Barcelona , Spain
| | - Diego A Forero
- a Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Genetics, Biomedical Sciences Research Group, School of Medicine, Universidad Antonio Nariño , Bogotá , Colombia
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148
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Rudaz DA, Vandeleur CL, Gebreab SZ, Gholam-Rezaee M, Strippoli MPF, Lasserre AM, Glaus J, Castelao E, Pistis G, von Känel R, Marques-Vidal P, Waeber G, Vollenweider P, Preisig M. Partially distinct combinations of psychological, metabolic and inflammatory risk factors are prospectively associated with the onset of the subtypes of Major Depressive Disorder in midlife. J Affect Disord 2017; 222:195-203. [PMID: 28710953 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2017.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Revised: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 07/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Given the well known heterogeneity of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), dividing this complex disorder into subtypes is likely to be a more promising approach to identify its determinants than to study it as a whole. METHODS In a prospective population-based cohort study (CoLaus|PsyCoLaus) with 5.5 years of follow-up, 1524 participants without MDD at baseline, aged 35-66 years (mean age 51.4 years, 43.4% females), participated in the physical and psychiatric baseline and the psychiatric follow-up evaluations. RESULTS The incidence of both atypical and melancholic MDD during the follow-up period were predicted by female sex, a lifetime history of minor depressive disorders and higher neuroticism scores. Higher baseline body mass index was associated with the onset of atypical MDD, whereas the absence of hypertension and younger age were associated with the development of melancholic MDD. Unspecified MDD was predicted by younger age, low concentrations of tumor necrosis factor-α and elevated life-event impact scores. LIMITATIONS The age range of our cohort restricts the identification of risk factors to MDD with onset in midlife and the recruitment in an urban area limits the generalizability of the findings. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that MDD subtypes are predicted by partially distinct combinations of baseline characteristics suggesting that these subtypes not only differ in their clinical manifestations but also in factors that contribute to their development. Subjects with minor depressive episodes, especially in combination with particular personality features, deserve close clinical attention to prevent the subsequent onset of atypical and melancholic major depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominique A Rudaz
- Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | | | - Sirak Z Gebreab
- Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Mehdi Gholam-Rezaee
- Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Aurélie M Lasserre
- Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jennifer Glaus
- Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland; Genetic Epidemiology Research Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Mental Health Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Enrique Castelao
- Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Giorgio Pistis
- Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Roland von Känel
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Clinic Barmelweid, Barmelweid, Switzerland
| | - Pedro Marques-Vidal
- Department of Internal Medicine, Internal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Gérard Waeber
- Department of Internal Medicine, Internal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Peter Vollenweider
- Department of Internal Medicine, Internal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Martin Preisig
- Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
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149
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Rahman MS, Guban P, Wang M, Melas PA, Forsell Y, Lavebratt C. The serotonin transporter promoter variant (5-HTTLPR) and childhood adversity are associated with the personality trait openness to experience. Psychiatry Res 2017; 257:322-326. [PMID: 28800511 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2017.07.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2017] [Revised: 07/29/2017] [Accepted: 07/30/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
There is evidence supporting an association between the serotonin-transporter-linked polymorphic region (5-HTTLPR) and the Five Factor Model (FFM) of human personality. 5-HTTLPR has also been found to interact with stressful life events to increase risk of psychopathology. In the present study, by taking into account stressful life events in the form of childhood adversity, we examined the association between 5-HTTLPR and FFM traits using an adult Swedish cohort (N = 3112). We found that 5-HTTLPR was significantly associated with openness (to experience). Specifically, homozygote carriers of the short allele had lower levels of openness compared to carriers of the long allele. In addition, childhood adversity was found to influence openness. These findings support a previously reported association of 5-HTTLPR with openness in a younger cohort and may provide insights into the neurobiological basis of human personality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Shafiqur Rahman
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Peter Guban
- Center for Epidemiology and Community Medicine, Stockholm County Council, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mei Wang
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Philippe A Melas
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Yvonne Forsell
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Catharina Lavebratt
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Neurogenetics Unit, Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
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150
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An Analysis of Anxiety-Related Postings on Sina Weibo. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2017; 14:ijerph14070775. [PMID: 28703773 PMCID: PMC5551213 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph14070775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2017] [Revised: 07/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This study examines anxiety-related postings on Sina Weibo to gain insight into social networking about mental health. The themes of a random sample of anxiety-related postings (n = 1000) were assessed. The disclosure of anxiety was the most common theme. The prevalence of anxiety was higher in certain areas where the economy is stronger than others, and the people living there suffered from more stress. Users who talked about feeling anxious tended to be more active on social media during leisure hours and less active during work hours. Our findings may be developed to detect and help individuals who may suffer from anxiety disorders at a low cost.
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