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Qin Y, Shi Z, Zhu L, Li H, Lu W, Ye G, Huang Q, Cui L. Impact of Airborne Pathogen-Derived Extracellular Vesicles on Macrophages Revealed by Raman Spectroscopy and Multiomics. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:15858-15868. [PMID: 37812447 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c04800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Long-term exposure to the indoor environment may pose threats to human health due to the presence of pathogenic bacteria and their byproducts. Nanoscale extracellular vesicles (EVs) extensively secreted from pathogenic bacteria can traverse biological barriers and affect physio-pathological processes. However, the potential health impact of EVs from indoor dust and the underlying mechanisms remain largely unexplored. Here, Raman spectroscopy combined with multiomics (genomics and proteomics) was used to address these issues. Genomic analysis revealed that Pseudomonas was an efficient producer of EVs that harbored 68 types of virulence factor-encoding genes. Upon exposing macrophages to environmentally relevant doses of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1-derived EVs, macrophage internalization was observed, and release of inflammatory factors was determined by RT-PCR. Subsequent Raman spectroscopy and unsupervised surprisal analysis of EV-affected macrophages distinguished metabolic alterations, particularly in proteins and lipids. Proteomic analysis further revealed differential expression of proteins in inflammatory and metabolism-related pathways, indicating that EV exposure induced macrophage metabolic reprogramming and inflammation. Collectively, our findings revealed that pathogen-derived EVs in the indoor environments can act as a new mediator for pathogens to exert adverse health effects. Our method of Raman integrated with multiomics offers a complementary approach for rapid and in-depth understanding of EVs' impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifei Qin
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Indoor Air and Health, Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zheng Shi
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- State Environment Protection Key Laboratory of Satellite Remote Sensing, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Longji Zhu
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Indoor Air and Health, Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Hongzhe Li
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Indoor Air and Health, Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Wenjia Lu
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Indoor Air and Health, Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Guozhu Ye
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Indoor Air and Health, Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Qiansheng Huang
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Indoor Air and Health, Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Li Cui
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Indoor Air and Health, Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
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102
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Yeo J. Food-Derived Extracellular Vesicles as Multi-Bioactive Complex and Their Versatile Health Effects. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1862. [PMID: 37891941 PMCID: PMC10604675 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12101862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membrane-bound organelles that are generally released by eukaryotic cells and enclose various cellular metabolic information, such as RNA, meta-proteins, and versatile metabolites. The physiological properties and diverse functions of food-derived EVs have been extensively elucidated, along with a recent explosive upsurge in EV research. Therefore, a concise review of the health effects of food-derived EVs is necessary. This review summarizes the structural stability and uptake pathways of food-derived EVs to target cells and their health benefits, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticarcinogenic effects, gut microbiome modulation, and intestinal barrier enhancement.
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Affiliation(s)
- JuDong Yeo
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology of Animal Resources, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
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103
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Rhoomi Z, Ahmed DS, Jabir MS, Balasubramanian B, Al-Garadi MA, Swelum AA. Facile Hydrothermal Synthesis of BiVO 4/MWCNTs Nanocomposites and Their Influences on the Biofilm Formation of Multidrug Resistance Streptococcus mutans and Proteus mirabilis. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:37147-37161. [PMID: 37841170 PMCID: PMC10569021 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c04722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
This study utilized a simple hydrothermal technique to prepare pure BiVO4 and tightly bound BiVO4/multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) nanocomposite materials. The surfactant was employed to control the growth, size, and assembly of BiVO4 and the nanocomposite. Various techniques including X-ray diffraction (XRD), Ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis), photoluminescence (PL), Raman, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) were utilized to analyze and characterize BiVO4 and the BiVO4/MWCNTs nanocomposite. Through XRD analysis, it was found that the carbon nanotubes were effectively embedded within the lattice of BiVO4 without generating any separate impurity phase and had no influence on the BiVO4 monoclinic structure. TEM images confirmed the presence of MWCNTs within BiVO4. Furthermore, adding MWCNTs in the BiVO4/MWCNTs nanocomposite resulted in an effective charge transfer transition and improved carrier separation, as evidenced by PL analysis. The introduction of MWCNTs also led to a significant reduction in the optical band gap due to quantum effects. Finally, the antibacterial activity of pure BiVO4 and the BiVO4/MWCNTs nanocomposite was assessed by exposing Proteus mirabilis and Streptococcus mutans to these materials. Biofilm inhibition and antibiofilm activity were measured using a crystal violet assay and a FilmTracer LIVE/DEAD Biofilm Viability Kit. The results demonstrated that pure BiVO4 and BiVO4/MWCNTs effectively inhibited biofilm formation. In conclusion, both pure BiVO4 and BiVO4/MWCNTs are promising materials for inhibiting the bacterial biofilm during bacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeena
R. Rhoomi
- Applied
Sciences Department, University of Technology, Baghdad 11231, Iraq
| | - Duha S. Ahmed
- Applied
Sciences Department, University of Technology, Baghdad 11231, Iraq
| | - Majid S. Jabir
- Applied
Sciences Department, University of Technology, Baghdad 11231, Iraq
| | | | - Maged A. Al-Garadi
- Department
of Animal Production, College of Food and Agriculture Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ayman A. Swelum
- Department
of Animal Production, College of Food and Agriculture Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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104
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Nenciarini S, Cavalieri D. Immunomodulatory Potential of Fungal Extracellular Vesicles: Insights for Therapeutic Applications. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1487. [PMID: 37892168 PMCID: PMC10605264 DOI: 10.3390/biom13101487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membranous vesicular organelles that perform a variety of biological functions including cell communication across different biological kingdoms. EVs of mammals and, to a lesser extent, bacteria have been deeply studied over the years, whereas investigations of fungal EVs are still in their infancy. Fungi, encompassing both yeast and filamentous forms, are increasingly recognized for their production of extracellular vesicles (EVs) containing a wealth of proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. These EVs play pivotal roles in orchestrating fungal communities, bolstering pathogenicity, and mediating interactions with the environment. Fungal EVs have emerged as promising candidates for innovative applications, not only in the management of mycoses but also as carriers for therapeutic molecules. Yet, numerous questions persist regarding fungal EVs, including their mechanisms of generation, release, cargo regulation, and discharge. This comprehensive review delves into the present state of knowledge regarding fungal EVs and provides fresh insights into the most recent hypotheses on the mechanisms driving their immunomodulatory properties. Furthermore, we explore the considerable potential of fungal EVs in the realms of medicine and biotechnology. In the foreseeable future, engineered fungal cells may serve as vehicles for tailoring cargo- and antigen-specific EVs, positioning them as invaluable biotechnological tools for diverse medical applications, such as vaccines and drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Duccio Cavalieri
- Department of Biology, University of Florence, Via Madonna del Piano 6, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy;
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105
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Chen J, Lv Y, Shang W, Yang Y, Wang Y, Hu Z, Huang X, Zhang R, Yuan J, Huang J, Rao X. Loaded delta-hemolysin shapes the properties of Staphylococcus aureus membrane vesicles. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1254367. [PMID: 37869662 PMCID: PMC10588482 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1254367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Membrane vesicles (MVs) are nanoscale vesicular structures produced by bacteria during their growth in vitro and in vivo. Some bacterial components can be loaded in bacterial MVs, but the roles of the loaded MV molecules are unclear. Methods MVs of Staphylococcus aureus RN4220 and its derivatives were prepared. Dynamic light scattering analysis was used to evaluate the size distribution, and 4D-label-free liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry analysis was performed to detect protein composition in the MVs. The site-mutation S. aureus RN4220-Δhld and agrA deletion mutant RN4220-ΔagrA were generated via allelic replacement strategies. A hemolysis assay was performed with rabbit red blood cells. CCK-8 and lactate dehydrogenase release assays were used to determine the cytotoxicity of S. aureus MVs against RAW264.7 macrophages. The serum levels of inflammatory factors such as IL-6, IL-1β, and TNFα in mice treated with S. aureus MVs were detected with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit. Results Delta-hemolysin (Hld) was identified as a major loaded factor in S. aureus MVs. Further study showed that Hld could promote the production of staphylococcal MVs with smaller sizes. Loaded Hld affected the diversity of loaded proteins in MVs of S. aureus RN4220. Hld resulted in decreased protein diversity in MVs of S. aureus. Site-mutation (RN4220-Δhld) and agrA deletion (RN4220-ΔagrA) mutants produced MVs (ΔhldMVs and ΔagrAMVs) with a greater number of bacterial proteins than those derived from wild-type RN4220 (wtMVs). Moreover, Hld contributed to the hemolytic activity of wtMVs. Hld-loaded wtMVs were cytotoxic to macrophage RAW264.7 cells and could stimulate the production of inflammatory factor IL-6 in vivo. Conclusion This study presented that Hld was a major loaded factor in S. aureus MVs, and the loaded Hld played vital roles in the MV-property modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuhuan Lv
- Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Medical Science, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The 971st Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army Navy, Qingdao, China
| | - Weilong Shang
- Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Medical Science, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Medical Science, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuting Wang
- Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Medical Science, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhen Hu
- Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Medical Science, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaonan Huang
- Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Medical Science, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Rong Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jizhen Yuan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The 971st Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army Navy, Qingdao, China
| | - Jingbin Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiancai Rao
- Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Medical Science, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
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106
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Stolzer I, Scherer E, Süß P, Rothhammer V, Winner B, Neurath MF, Günther C. Impact of Microbiome-Brain Communication on Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14925. [PMID: 37834373 PMCID: PMC10573483 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiome plays a pivotal role in maintaining human health, with numerous studies demonstrating that alterations in microbial compositions can significantly affect the development and progression of various immune-mediated diseases affecting both the digestive tract and the central nervous system (CNS). This complex interplay between the microbiota, the gut, and the CNS is referred to as the gut-brain axis. The role of the gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases has gained increasing attention in recent years, and evidence suggests that gut dysbiosis may contribute to disease development and progression. Clinical studies have shown alterations in the composition of the gut microbiota in multiple sclerosis patients, with a decrease in beneficial bacteria and an increase in pro-inflammatory bacteria. Furthermore, changes within the microbial community have been linked to the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease. Microbiota-gut-brain communication can impact neurodegenerative diseases through various mechanisms, including the regulation of immune function, the production of microbial metabolites, as well as modulation of host-derived soluble factors. This review describes the current literature on the gut-brain axis and highlights novel communication systems that allow cross-talk between the gut microbiota and the host that might influence the pathogenesis of neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris Stolzer
- Department of Medicine 1, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Eveline Scherer
- Department of Medicine 1, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Patrick Süß
- Department of Molecular Neurology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Veit Rothhammer
- Department of Neurology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Beate Winner
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Center of Rare Diseases Erlangen (ZSEER), Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Markus F. Neurath
- Department of Medicine 1, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Claudia Günther
- Department of Medicine 1, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
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107
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Xu Y, Xie C, Liu Y, Qin X, Liu J. An update on our understanding of Gram-positive bacterial membrane vesicles: discovery, functions, and applications. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1273813. [PMID: 37860067 PMCID: PMC10582989 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1273813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nano-sized particles released from cells into the extracellular environment, and are separated from eukaryotic cells, bacteria, and other organisms with cellular structures. EVs alter cell communication by delivering their contents and performing various functions depending on their cargo and release into certain environments or other cells. The cell walls of Gram-positive bacteria have a thick peptidoglycan layer and were previously thought to be unable to produce EVs. However, recent studies have demonstrated that Gram-positive bacterial EVs are crucial for health and disease. In this review, we have summarized the formation, composition, and characteristics of the contents, resistance to external stress, participation in immune regulation, and other functions of Gram-positive bacterial EVs, as well as their application in clinical diagnosis and treatment, to provide a new perspective to further our understanding of Gram-positive bacterial EVs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Xiaosong Qin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Shenyang, China
| | - Jianhua Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Shenyang, China
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108
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Cheng AP, Kwon S, Adeshara T, Göhre V, Feldbrügge M, Weiberg A. Extracellular RNAs released by plant-associated fungi: from fundamental mechanisms to biotechnological applications. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 107:5935-5945. [PMID: 37572124 PMCID: PMC10485130 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12718-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular RNAs are an emerging research topic in fungal-plant interactions. Fungal plant pathogens and symbionts release small RNAs that enter host cells to manipulate plant physiology and immunity. This communication via extracellular RNAs between fungi and plants is bidirectional. On the one hand, plants release RNAs encapsulated inside extracellular vesicles as a defense response as well as for intercellular and inter-organismal communication. On the other hand, recent reports suggest that also full-length mRNAs are transported within fungal EVs into plants, and these fungal mRNAs might get translated inside host cells. In this review article, we summarize the current views and fundamental concepts of extracellular RNAs released by plant-associated fungi, and we discuss new strategies to apply extracellular RNAs in crop protection against fungal pathogens. KEY POINTS: • Extracellular RNAs are an emerging topic in plant-fungal communication. • Fungi utilize RNAs to manipulate host plants for colonization. • Extracellular RNAs can be engineered to protect plants against fungal pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- An-Po Cheng
- Faculty of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München (LMU), 82152, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Seomun Kwon
- Institute for Microbiology, Heinrich Heine Universität Düsseldorf, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Trusha Adeshara
- Institute for Microbiology, Heinrich Heine Universität Düsseldorf, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Vera Göhre
- Institute for Microbiology, Heinrich Heine Universität Düsseldorf, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Michael Feldbrügge
- Institute for Microbiology, Heinrich Heine Universität Düsseldorf, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Arne Weiberg
- Faculty of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München (LMU), 82152, Martinsried, Germany.
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109
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Yu M, Hu S, Tang B, Yang H, Sun D. Engineering Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 as a microbial chassis for therapeutic and industrial applications. Biotechnol Adv 2023; 67:108202. [PMID: 37343690 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2023.108202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
Genetically engineered microbes, especially Escherichia coli, have been widely used in the biosynthesis of proteins and metabolites for medical and industrial applications. As a traditional probiotic with a well-established safety record, E. coli Nissle 1917 (EcN) has recently emerged as a microbial chassis for generating living therapeutics, drug delivery vehicles, and microbial platforms for industrial production. Despite the availability of genetic tools for engineering laboratory E. coli K-12 and B strains, new genetic engineering systems are still greatly needed to expand the application range of EcN. In this review, we have summarized the latest progress in the development of genetic engineering systems in EcN, as well as their applications in the biosynthesis and delivery of valuable small molecules and biomacromolecules of medical and/or industrial interest, followed by a glimpse of how this rapidly growing field will evolve in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjing Yu
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China
| | - Shilong Hu
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China
| | - Biao Tang
- Institute of Quality and Standard for Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hua Yang
- Institute of Quality and Standard for Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dongchang Sun
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China.
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110
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Gurunathan S, Kim JH. Bacterial extracellular vesicles: Emerging nanoplatforms for biomedical applications. Microb Pathog 2023; 183:106308. [PMID: 37595812 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2023.106308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial extracellular vesicles (BEVs) are nanosized lipid bilayers generated from membranes that are filled with components derived from bacteria. BEVs are important for the physiology, pathogenicity, and interactions between bacteria and their hosts as well. BEVs represent an important mechanism of transport and interaction between cells. Recent advances in biomolecular nanotechnology have enabled the desired properties to be engineered on the surface of BEVs and decoration with desired and diverse biomolecules and nanoparticles, which have potential biomedical applications. BEVs have been the focus of various fields, including nanovaccines, therapeutic agents, and drug delivery vehicles. In this review, we delineate the fundamental aspects of BEVs, including their biogenesis, cargo composition, function, and interactions with host cells. We comprehensively summarize the factors influencing the biogenesis of BEVs. We further highlight the importance of the isolation, purification, and characterization of BEVs because they are essential processes for potential benefits related to host-microbe interactions. In addition, we address recent advancements in BEVs in biomedical applications. Finally, we provide conclusions and future perspectives as well as highlight the remaining challenges of BEVs for different biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangiliyandi Gurunathan
- Department of Biotechnology, Rathinam College of Arts and Science, Rathinam Techzone Campus, Eachanari, Coimbatore, 641 021, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Jin-Hoi Kim
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Korea.
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111
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Tunset ME, Haslene-Hox H, Van Den Bossche T, Maleki S, Vaaler A, Kondziella D. Blood-borne extracellular vesicles of bacteria and intestinal cells in patients with psychotic disorders. Nord J Psychiatry 2023; 77:686-695. [PMID: 37354486 DOI: 10.1080/08039488.2023.2223572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human cells and bacteria secrete extracellular vesicles (EV) which play a role in intercellular communication. EV from the host intestinal epithelium are involved in the regulation of bacterial gene expression and growth. Bacterial EV (bactEV) produced in the intestine can pass to various tissues where they deliver biomolecules to many kinds of cells, including neurons. Emerging data indicate that gut microbiota is altered in patients with psychotic disorders. We hypothesized that the amount and content of blood-borne EV from intestinal cells and bactEV in psychotic patients would differ from healthy controls. METHODS We analyzed for human intestinal proteins by proteomics, for bactEV by metaproteomic analysis, and by measuring the level of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in blood-borne EV from patients with psychotic disorders (n = 25), tested twice, in the acute phase of psychosis and after improvement, with age- and sex-matched healthy controls (n = 25). RESULTS Patients with psychotic disorders had lower LPS levels in their EV compared to healthy controls (p = .027). Metaproteome analyses confirmed LPS finding and identified Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes as dominating phyla. Total amounts of human intestine proteins in EV isolated from blood was lower in patients compared to controls (p = .02). CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that bactEV and host intestinal EV are decreased in patients with psychosis and that this topic is worthy of further investigation given potential pathophysiological implications. Possible mechanisms involve dysregulation of the gut microbiota by host EV, altered translocation of bactEV to systemic circulation where bactEV can interact with both the brain and the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mette Elise Tunset
- Department of Psychosis and Rehabilitation, Psychiatry Clinic, St. Olavs University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Mental Health, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Hanne Haslene-Hox
- Department of Biotechnology and Nanomedicine, SINTEF, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Tim Van Den Bossche
- VIB - UGent Center for Medical Biotechnology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Susan Maleki
- Department of Biotechnology and Nanomedicine, SINTEF, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Arne Vaaler
- Department of Mental Health, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Acute Psychiatry, Psychiatry Clinic, St. Olavs University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Daniel Kondziella
- Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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112
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Sun D, Chen P, Xi Y, Sheng J. From trash to treasure: the role of bacterial extracellular vesicles in gut health and disease. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1274295. [PMID: 37841244 PMCID: PMC10570811 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1274295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterial extracellular vesicles (BEVs) have emerged as critical factors involved in gut health regulation, transcending their traditional roles as byproducts of bacterial metabolism. These vesicles function as cargo carriers and contribute to various aspects of intestinal homeostasis, including microbial balance, antimicrobial peptide secretion, physical barrier integrity, and immune system activation. Therefore, any imbalance in BEV production can cause several gut-related issues including intestinal infection, inflammatory bowel disease, metabolic dysregulation, and even cancer. BEVs derived from beneficial or commensal bacteria can act as potent immune regulators and have been implicated in maintaining gut health. They also show promise for future clinical applications in vaccine development and tumor immunotherapy. This review examines the multifaceted role of BEVs in gut health and disease, and also delves into future research directions and potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Desen Sun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Pan Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Yang Xi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Jinghao Sheng
- Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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113
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Wang Y, Luo X, Xiang X, Hao C, Ma D. Roles of bacterial extracellular vesicles in systemic diseases. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1258860. [PMID: 37840728 PMCID: PMC10569430 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1258860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence suggests that in various systems, not all bidirectional microbiota-host interactions involve direct cell contact. Bacterial extracellular vesicles (BEVs) may be key participants in this interkingdom crosstalk. BEVs mediate microbiota functions by delivering effector molecules that modulate host signaling pathways, thereby facilitating host-microbe interactions. BEV production during infections by both pathogens and probiotics has been observed in various host tissues. Therefore, these vesicles released by microbiota may have the ability to drive or inhibit disease pathogenesis in different systems within the host. Here, we review the current knowledge of BEVs and particularly emphasize their interactions with the host and the pathogenesis of systemic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanzhen Wang
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xinghong Luo
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaozhen Xiang
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Chunbo Hao
- Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Dandan Ma
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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114
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Ayesha A, Chow FWN, Leung PHM. Role of Legionella pneumophila outer membrane vesicles in host-pathogen interaction. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1270123. [PMID: 37817751 PMCID: PMC10561282 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1270123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Legionella pneumophila is an opportunistic intracellular pathogen that inhabits artificial water systems and can be transmitted to human hosts by contaminated aerosols. Upon inhalation, it colonizes and grows inside the alveolar macrophages and causes Legionnaires' disease. To effectively control and manage Legionnaires' disease, a deep understanding of the host-pathogen interaction is crucial. Bacterial extracellular vesicles, particularly outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) have emerged as mediators of intercellular communication between bacteria and host cells. These OMVs carry a diverse cargo, including proteins, toxins, virulence factors, and nucleic acids. OMVs play a pivotal role in disease pathogenesis by helping bacteria in colonization, delivering virulence factors into host cells, and modulating host immune responses. This review highlights the role of OMVs in the context of host-pathogen interaction shedding light on the pathogenesis of L. pneumophila. Understanding the functions of OMVs and their cargo provides valuable insights into potential therapeutic targets and interventions for combating Legionnaires' disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Polly Hang-Mei Leung
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
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115
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Cros MP, Mir-Pedrol J, Toloza L, Knödlseder N, Maruotti J, Zouboulis CC, Güell M, Fábrega MJ. New insights into the role of Cutibacterium acnes-derived extracellular vesicles in inflammatory skin disorders. Sci Rep 2023; 13:16058. [PMID: 37749255 PMCID: PMC10520063 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-43354-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Cutibacterium acnes (C. acnes) is one of the most prevalent bacteria that forms the human skin microbiota. Specific phylotypes of C. acnes have been associated with the development of acne vulgaris, while other phylotypes have been linked to healthy skin. In this scenario, bacterial extracellular vesicles (EVs) play a role in the interkingdom communication role with the human host. The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of EVs generated by various phylotypes of C. acnes on inflammation and sebum production using different in vitro skin cell types. The main findings of this study reveal that the proteomic profile of the cargo embodied in the EVs reflects distinct characteristics of the different C. acnes phylotypes in terms of life cycle, survival, and virulence. The in vitro skin cell types showed an extended pro-inflammatory modulation of SLST A1 EVs consistently triggering the activation of the inflammation-related factors IL-8, IL-6, TNFα and GM-CSF, in comparison to SLST H1 and SLST H2. Additionally, an acne-prone skin model utilizing PCi-SEB and arachidonic acid as a sebum inducer, was employed to investigate the impact of C. acnes EVs on sebum regulation. Our findings indicated that all three types of EVs significantly inhibited sebum production after a 24-h treatment period, with SLST H1 EVs exhibiting the most pronounced inhibitory effect when compared to the positive control. The results of this study highlight the protective nature of C. acnes SLST H1 EVs and their potential use as a natural treatment option for alleviating symptoms associated with inflammation and oily skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Pol Cros
- Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Júlia Mir-Pedrol
- Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
- Quantitative Biology Center, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
| | - Lorena Toloza
- Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nastassia Knödlseder
- Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Christos C Zouboulis
- Hochschulklinik für Dermatologie, Venerologie und Allergologie, Immunologisches Zentrum, Städtisches Klinikum Dessau, Medizinische Hochschule Brandenburg Theodor Fontane und Fakaltät für Gesundheitswissenschaften Brandenburg, Auenweg, Germany
| | - Marc Güell
- Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Maria-José Fábrega
- Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain.
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116
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Lin R, Xu R, Chen H, Liu B, Yuan C, Guo L, Cui B, Fang Y. Dual cross-linked starch hydrogel for eugenol encapsulation and the formation of hydrogen bonds on textural hydrogel. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 316:121044. [PMID: 37321737 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Physical and chemical cross-linked hydrogels combining N, N'-Methylenebisacrylamide (MBA)-grafted starch (MBAS) and sorbitol were successfully prepared and encapsulated with eugenol in this work. The dense porous structure with diameter of 10-15 μm and strong skeleton after restructuring inside the hydrogel was confirmed by SEM. The band shifts between 3258 cm-1 and 3264 cm-1 clarified the presence of a large number of hydrogen bonds in physical and chemical cross-linked hydrogels. The robust structure of the hydrogel was confirmed by mechanical and thermal property measurements. Molecular docking techniques were used to help understand the bridging pattern between three raw materials and to assess the advantageous conformation, which demonstrate sorbitol is beneficial to improve the characteristics of textural hydrogel by the formation of hydrogen bonds, creating a denser network, structural recombination and new intermolecular hydrogen bonds between starch and sorbitol afforded considerably junction zones. Compared to ordinary starch-based hydrogels, eugenol-loaded starch-sorbitol hydrogels (ESSG) exhibited a more attractive internal structure, swelling properties, viscoelasticity. Moreover, the ESSG showed excellent antimicrobial activity for typical undesired microorganisms in foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruikang Lin
- School of Food Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China
| | - Ruoxuan Xu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China
| | - Huiyi Chen
- School of Food Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China
| | - Bo Liu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China
| | - Chao Yuan
- School of Food Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China
| | - Li Guo
- School of Food Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China
| | - Bo Cui
- School of Food Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China
| | - Yishan Fang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China.
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117
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Kaisanlahti A, Salmi S, Kumpula S, Amatya SB, Turunen J, Tejesvi M, Byts N, Tapiainen T, Reunanen J. Bacterial extracellular vesicles - brain invaders? A systematic review. Front Mol Neurosci 2023; 16:1227655. [PMID: 37781094 PMCID: PMC10537964 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2023.1227655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Knowledge on the human gut microbiota in health and disease continues to rapidly expand. In recent years, changes in the gut microbiota composition have been reported as a part of the pathology in numerous neurodegenerative diseases. Bacterial extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been suggested as a novel mechanism for the crosstalk between the brain and gut microbiota, physiologically connecting the observed changes in the brain to gut microbiota dysbiosis. Methods Publications reporting findings on bacterial EVs passage through the blood-brain barrier were identified in PubMed and Scopus databases. Results The literature search yielded 138 non-duplicate publications, from which 113 records were excluded in title and abstract screening step. From 25 publications subjected to full-text screening, 8 were excluded. The resulting 17 publications were considered for the review. Discussion Bacterial EVs have been described with capability to cross the blood-brain barrier, but the mechanisms behind the crossing remain largely unknown. Importantly, very little data exists in this context on EVs secreted by the human gut microbiota. This systematic review summarizes the present evidence of bacterial EVs crossing the blood-brain barrier and highlights the importance of future research on gut microbiota-derived EVs in the context of gut-brain communication across the blood-brain barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Kaisanlahti
- Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Research Unit of Translational Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Sonja Salmi
- Disease Networks Research Unit, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Sohvi Kumpula
- Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Research Unit of Translational Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Sajeen Bahadur Amatya
- Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Research Unit of Translational Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Jenni Turunen
- Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Research Unit of Clinical Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Mysore Tejesvi
- Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Ecology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Nadiya Byts
- Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Research Unit of Translational Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Terhi Tapiainen
- Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Research Unit of Clinical Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Justus Reunanen
- Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Research Unit of Translational Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
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118
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Fait ME, Grillo PD, Garrote GL, Prieto ED, Vázquez RF, Saparrat MCN, Morcelle SR. Biocidal and antibiofilm activities of arginine-based surfactants against Candida isolates. Amino Acids 2023; 55:1083-1102. [PMID: 37382761 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-023-03296-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
Amino-acid-based surfactants are a group of compounds that resemble natural amphiphiles and thus are expected to have a low impact on the environment, owing to either the mode of surfactant production or its means of disposal. Within this context, arginine-based tensioactives have gained particular interest, since their cationic nature-in combination with their amphiphilic character-enables them to act as broad-spectrum biocides. This capability is based mainly on their interactive affinity for the microbial envelope that alters the latter's structure and ultimately its function. In the work reported here, we investigated the efficiency of Nα-benzoyl arginine decyl- and dodecylamide against Candida spp. to further our understanding of the antifungal mechanism involved. For the assays, both a Candida albicans and a Candida tropicalis clinical isolates along with a C. albicans-collection strain were used as references. As expected, both arginine-based compounds proved to be effective against the strains tested through inhibiting both the planktonic and the sessile growth. Furthermore, atomic force microscopy techniques and lipid monolayer experiments enabled us to gain insight into the effect of the surfactant on the cellular envelope. The results demonstrated that all the yeasts treated exhibited changes in their exomorphologic structure, with respect to alterations in both roughness and stiffness, relative to the nontreated ones. This finding-in addition to the amphiphiles' proven ability to insert themselves within this model fungal membrane-could explain the changes in the yeast-membrane permeability that could be linked to viability loss and mixed-vesicle release.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Elisa Fait
- Centro de Investigación de Proteínas Vegetales (CIProVe-UNLP-Centro Asociado CICPBA), Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Centro Asociado CICPBA, Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP), La Plata, Argentina.
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Patricia D Grillo
- Centro de Investigación de Proteínas Vegetales (CIProVe-UNLP-Centro Asociado CICPBA), Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Centro Asociado CICPBA, Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP), La Plata, Argentina
- Agencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica (ANPCyT), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Graciela L Garrote
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Criotecnología de Alimentos (CIDCA, CONICET-UNLP-CICPBA), La Plata, Argentina
| | - Eduardo D Prieto
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA), CONICET, UNLP, CCT-La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
- Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
- Instituto Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Nacional Arturo Jauretche, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Romina F Vázquez
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de La Plata (INIBIOLP), CCT-La Plata, CONICET, UNLP, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Mario C N Saparrat
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Fisiología Vegetal (INFIVE-CONICET-UNLP) and Cátedra de Microbiología Agrícola, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales, UNLP, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Susana R Morcelle
- Centro de Investigación de Proteínas Vegetales (CIProVe-UNLP-Centro Asociado CICPBA), Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Centro Asociado CICPBA, Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP), La Plata, Argentina.
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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119
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Tomah AA, Zhang Z, Alamer ISA, Khattak AA, Ahmed T, Hu M, Wang D, Xu L, Li B, Wang Y. The Potential of Trichoderma-Mediated Nanotechnology Application in Sustainable Development Scopes. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:2475. [PMID: 37686983 PMCID: PMC10490099 DOI: 10.3390/nano13172475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
The environmental impact of industrial development has been well-documented. The use of physical and chemical methods in industrial development has negative consequences for the environment, raising concerns about the sustainability of this approach. There is a growing need for advanced technologies that are compatible with preserving the environment. The use of fungi products for nanoparticle (NP) synthesis is a promising approach that has the potential to meet this need. The genus Trichoderma is a non-pathogenic filamentous fungus with a high degree of genetic diversity. Different strains of this genus have a variety of important environmental, agricultural, and industrial applications. Species of Trichoderma can be used to synthesize metallic NPs using a biological method that is environmentally friendly, low cost, energy saving, and non-toxic. In this review, we provide an overview of the role of Trichoderma metabolism in the synthesis of metallic NPs. We discuss the different metabolic pathways involved in NP synthesis, as well as the role of metabolic metabolites in stabilizing NPs and promoting their synergistic effects. In addition, the future perspective of NPs synthesized by extracts of Trichoderma is discussed, as well as their potential applications in biomedicine, agriculture, and environmental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Athafah Tomah
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; (A.A.T.); (Z.Z.)
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (I.S.A.A.); (A.A.K.); (T.A.); (B.L.)
- Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, University of Misan, Al-Amarah 62001, Iraq
| | - Zhen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; (A.A.T.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Iman Sabah Abd Alamer
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (I.S.A.A.); (A.A.K.); (T.A.); (B.L.)
- Plant Protection, Agriculture Directorate, Al-Amarah 62001, Iraq
| | - Arif Ali Khattak
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (I.S.A.A.); (A.A.K.); (T.A.); (B.L.)
| | - Temoor Ahmed
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (I.S.A.A.); (A.A.K.); (T.A.); (B.L.)
- Xianghu Laboratory, Hangzhou 311231, China
| | - Minjun Hu
- Agricultural Technology Extension Center of Fuyang District, Hangzhou 311400, China;
| | - Daoze Wang
- Hangzhou Rural Revitalization Service Center, Hangzhou 310020, China;
| | - Lihui Xu
- Institute of Eco-Environmental Protection, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China
| | - Bin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (I.S.A.A.); (A.A.K.); (T.A.); (B.L.)
| | - Yanli Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; (A.A.T.); (Z.Z.)
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Gan Y, Zhao G, Wang Z, Zhang X, Wu MX, Lu M. Bacterial Membrane Vesicles: Physiological Roles, Infection Immunology, and Applications. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2301357. [PMID: 37357142 PMCID: PMC10477901 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202301357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial or fungal membrane vesicles, traditionally considered as microbial metabolic wastes, are secreted mainly from the outer membrane or cell membrane of microorganisms. However, recent studies have shown that these vesicles play essential roles in direct or indirect communications among microorganisms and between microorganisms and hosts. This review aims to provide an updated understanding of the physiological functions and emerging applications of bacterial membrane vesicles, with a focus on their biogenesis, mechanisms of adsorption and invasion into host cells, immune stimulatory effects, and roles in the much-concerned problem of bacterial resistance. Additionally, the potential applications of these vesicles as biomarkers, vaccine candidates, and drug delivery platforms are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixiao Gan
- Department of Transfusion MedicineHuashan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai200040P. R. China
| | - Gang Zhao
- Department of OrthopaedicsShanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint DiseasesShanghai Institute of Traumatology and OrthopaedicsRuijin HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai200240P. R. China
| | - Zhicheng Wang
- Department of Transfusion MedicineHuashan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai200040P. R. China
| | - Xingcai Zhang
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied SciencesHarvard UniversityCambridgeMA02138USA
| | - Mei X. Wu
- Wellman Center for PhotomedicineMassachusetts General HospitalDepartment of DermatologyHarvard Medical School, 50 Blossom StreetBostonMA02114USA
| | - Min Lu
- Department of OrthopaedicsShanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint DiseasesShanghai Institute of Traumatology and OrthopaedicsRuijin HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai200240P. R. China
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121
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Chen P, Liu Y, Li C, Hua S, Sun C, Huang L. Antibacterial mechanism of vanillin against Escherichia coli O157: H7. Heliyon 2023; 9:e19280. [PMID: 37662745 PMCID: PMC10474422 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Vanillin, a plant-derived antimicrobial volatile substance, has potential microbial control applications in the food industry. However, the effect of vanillin on the food-borne pathogen Escherichia coli (E. coli) O157:H7 has not been well studied. This study aims to explore the antibacterial mechanism of vanillin against E. coli O157:H7. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and antibacterial effect of vanillin were determined by microdilution. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to observe the damage of vanillin to the cell membrane, while cell membrane potential and the leakage of nucleic acid protein were measured to explore the effect of vanillin on the membrane system. Confocal laser scanning and intracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) concentration determination were utilized to investigate the effects of vanillin on the energy, life, and death of E. coli. Finally, transcriptome sequencing was conducted to investigate the gene expression differences induced by vanillin treatment. The results showed that vanillin treatment effectively controlled E. coli O157:H7 with an MIC of 2 mg/mL. After treatment, damage to the membrane system, depolarization of the membrane, and leakage of nucleic acid and protein were observed. Meanwhile, vanillin treatment caused decreased ATP content and cell death. Transcriptome analysis showed that vanillin treatment significantly affected the expression of genes involved in cell membrane formation, tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycling pathway, and oxidative phosphorylation pathway in E. coli O157:H7. In conclusion, membrane damage and energy metabolism disruption are important mechanisms of vanillin's inhibitory effect on E. coli O157:H7. This study provides new insights into the molecular reaction mechanism of vanillin against E. coli O157:H7, highlighting its potential as an antibacterial substance for preventing E. coli contamination in the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiyao Chen
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Yinxin Liu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Cheng Li
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Shuhao Hua
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Cui Sun
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology/The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Lingxia Huang
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Silkworm and Bee Resource Utilization and Innovation Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
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Seeger C, Dyrhage K, Näslund K, Andersson SGE. Apilactobacillus kunkeei releases RNA-associated membrane vesicles and proteinaceous nanoparticles. MICROLIFE 2023; 4:uqad037. [PMID: 37705871 PMCID: PMC10496945 DOI: 10.1093/femsml/uqad037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
Extracellularly released particles, including membrane vesicles, have increasingly been recognized as important for bacterial community functions and host-interaction processes, but their compositions and functional roles differ between species and also between strains of the same species. In this study, we have determined the composition of membrane vesicles and protein particles identified in the cell-free pellets of two strains of Apilactobacillus kunkeei, a defensive symbiont of honeybees. The membrane vesicles were separated from the extracellular particles using density gradient ultracentrifugation. The peaks of the RNA and protein distributions were separated from each other and the highest concentration of RNA was observed in the fractions that contained the membrane vesicles while the highest protein concentration coincided with the fractions that contained extracellular particles. A comparative proteomics analysis by LC-MS/MS showed that 37 proteins with type-I signal peptides were consistently identified across the fractionated samples obtained from the cell-free pellets, of which 29 were orthologs detected in both strains. Functional predictions of the extracellular proteins revealed the presence of glycoside hydrolases, glycosyltransferases, giant proteins and peptidases. The extracellular transcriptomes mapped to a broad set of genes with a similar functional profile as the whole cell transcriptome. This study provides insights into the composition of membrane vesicles and extracellular proteins of a bee-associated symbiont.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Seeger
- Molecular Evolution, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Science for Life Laboratory, Biomedical Centre, Uppsala University, 752 36 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Karl Dyrhage
- Molecular Evolution, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Science for Life Laboratory, Biomedical Centre, Uppsala University, 752 36 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Kristina Näslund
- Molecular Evolution, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Science for Life Laboratory, Biomedical Centre, Uppsala University, 752 36 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Siv G E Andersson
- Molecular Evolution, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Science for Life Laboratory, Biomedical Centre, Uppsala University, 752 36 Uppsala, Sweden
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Zhao Q, Liu G, Liu F, Xie M, Zou Y, Wang S, Guo Z, Dong J, Ye J, Cao Y, Zheng L, Zhao K. An enzyme-based system for extraction of small extracellular vesicles from plants. Sci Rep 2023; 13:13931. [PMID: 37626167 PMCID: PMC10457285 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-41224-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant-derived nanovesicles (NVs) and extracellular vesicles (EVs) are the next generation of nanocarrier platforms for biotherapeutics and drug delivery. EVs exist not only in the extracellular space, but also within the cell wall. Due to the limitations of existing isolation methods, the EVs extraction efficiency is low, and a large amount of plant material is wasted, which is of concern for rare and expensive medicinal plants. We proposed and validated a novel method for isolation of plant EVs by enzyme degradation of the plant cell wall to release the EVs. The released EVs can easily be collected. The new method was used for extraction of EVs from the roots of Morinda officinalis (MOEVs). For comparison, nanoparticles from the roots (MONVs) were extracted using the grinding method. The new method yielded a greater amount of MOEVs, and the vesicles had a smaller diameter compared to MONVs. Both MOEVs and MONVs were readily absorbed by endothelial cells without cytotoxic effect and promoted the expression of miR-155. The promotion of miR-155 by MOEVs was dose-dependent. More importantly, we found that MOEVs and MONVs were enriched toward bone tissue. These results support our hypothesis that EVs in plants could be efficiently extracted by enzymatic cell wall digestion and confirm the potential of MOEVs as therapeutic agents and drug carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Zhao
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Research on Prevention and Treatment of Osteoporosis, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510378, Guangdong, China
| | - Guilong Liu
- The Third Clinical Medical School of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510403, Guangdong, China
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510378, Guangdong, China
| | - Fubin Liu
- The Third Clinical Medical School of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510403, Guangdong, China
| | - Manlin Xie
- The Third Clinical Medical School of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510403, Guangdong, China
| | - Yanfang Zou
- The Third Clinical Medical School of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510403, Guangdong, China
| | - Shengpeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macao, 519000, China
| | - Zhaodi Guo
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Research on Prevention and Treatment of Osteoporosis, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510378, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiaming Dong
- The Third Clinical Medical School of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510403, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiali Ye
- The Third Clinical Medical School of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510403, Guangdong, China
| | - Yue Cao
- The Third Clinical Medical School of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510403, Guangdong, China
| | - Lei Zheng
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Research on Prevention and Treatment of Osteoporosis, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510378, Guangdong, China.
- The Third Clinical Medical School of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510403, Guangdong, China.
| | - Kewei Zhao
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Research on Prevention and Treatment of Osteoporosis, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510378, Guangdong, China.
- The Third Clinical Medical School of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510403, Guangdong, China.
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124
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Ahmed W, Kuniyan MS, Jawed AM, Chen L. Engineered Extracellular Vesicles for Drug Delivery in Therapy of Stroke. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2173. [PMID: 37765144 PMCID: PMC10537154 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15092173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are promising therapeutic modalities for treating neurological conditions. EVs facilitate intercellular communication among brain cells under normal and abnormal physiological conditions. The potential capability of EVs to pass through the blood-brain barrier (BBB) makes them highly promising as nanocarrier contenders for managing stroke. EVs possess several potential advantages compared to existing drug-delivery vehicles. These advantages include their capacity to surpass natural barriers, target specific cells, and stability within the circulatory system. This review explores the trafficking and cellular uptake of EVs and evaluates recent findings in the field of EVs research. Additionally, an overview is provided of the techniques researchers utilize to bioengineer EVs for stroke therapy, new results on EV-BBB interactions, and the limitations and prospects of clinically using EVs for brain therapies. The primary objective of this study is to provide a comprehensive analysis of the advantages and challenges related to engineered EVs drug delivery, specifically focusing on their application in the treatment of stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waqas Ahmed
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neuroscience Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510310, China;
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China; (M.S.K.); (A.M.J.)
| | | | - Aqil Mohammad Jawed
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China; (M.S.K.); (A.M.J.)
| | - Lukui Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neuroscience Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510310, China;
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125
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Ullah A, Huang Y, Zhao K, Hua Y, Ullah S, Rahman MU, Wang J, Wang Q, Hu X, Zheng L. Characteristics and potential clinical applications of the extracellular vesicles of human pathogenic Fungi. BMC Microbiol 2023; 23:227. [PMID: 37598156 PMCID: PMC10439556 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-023-02945-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a heterogeneous group of lipid membrane-enclosed compartments that contain different biomolecules and are released by almost all living cells, including fungal genera. Fungal EVs contain multiple bioactive components that perform various biological functions, such as stimulation of the host immune system, transport of virulence factors, induction of biofilm formation, and mediation of host-pathogen interactions. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on EVs of human pathogenic fungi, mainly focusing on their biogenesis, composition, and biological effects. We also discuss the potential markers and therapeutic applications of fungal EVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Ullah
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiyi Huang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Kening Zhao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Yuneng Hua
- Center for Clinical Laboratory, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Shafi Ullah
- Department of pharmacy, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, Pakistan
| | - Mujeeb Ur Rahman
- Biofuels Institute, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Jingyu Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Wang
- Center for Clinical Laboratory, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiumei Hu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lei Zheng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
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126
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Xu Z, Chen Y, Wu Z, Li D, Li X, Feng X, Deng H, Chen H, Zhang B, Lin Z. Bacterial mineralization of chromium-copper spinel with highly performance in electroplating effluent. WATER RESEARCH 2023; 242:120229. [PMID: 37331227 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.120229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Cr (VI) contamination has posed severe challenges to water quality, food safety, and land resources. Microbial reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III) has drawn considerable attention due to its low cost and environmental friendliness. However, recent reports have shown that Cr(VI) generates highly migratable organo-Cr(III) rather than stable inorganic chromium minerals during the biological reduction process. In this work, it was reported for the first time that spinel structure CuCr2O4 was formed by Bacillus cereus in Cr biomineralization process. Different from known biomineralization models (biologically controlled mineralization and biologically induced mineralization), the chromium-copper minerals here appeared as specialized minerals with extracellular distribution. In view of this, a possible mechanism of biologically secretory mineralization was proposed. In addition, Bacillus cereus demonstrated a high conversion ability in the treatment of electroplating wastewater. The Cr(VI) removal percentage reached 99.7%, which satisfied the Chinese emission standard of pollutants for electroplating (GB 21,900-2008), indicating its application potential. Altogether, our work elucidated a bacterial chromium spinel mineralization pathway and evaluated the potential of this system for application in actual wastewater, opening a new avenue in the field of chromium pollution treatment and control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongxuan Xu
- School of Environment and Energy, The Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters (Ministry of Education), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Resource Recycling, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yuxi Chen
- School of Environment and Energy, The Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters (Ministry of Education), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Resource Recycling, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhen Wu
- School of Environment and Energy, The Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters (Ministry of Education), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Resource Recycling, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Diandi Li
- School of Environment and Energy, The Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters (Ministry of Education), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Resource Recycling, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xiaoqin Li
- School of Environment and Energy, The Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters (Ministry of Education), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Resource Recycling, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xuezhen Feng
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Hong Deng
- School of Environment and Energy, The Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters (Ministry of Education), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Resource Recycling, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Hong Chen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Bintian Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Zhang Lin
- School of Environment and Energy, The Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters (Ministry of Education), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Resource Recycling, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China.
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127
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Sun B, Sawant H, Borthakur A, Bihl JC. Emerging therapeutic role of gut microbial extracellular vesicles in neurological disorders. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1241418. [PMID: 37621715 PMCID: PMC10445154 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1241418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) serve as cell-to-cell and inter-organ communicators by conveying proteins and nucleic acids with regulatory functions. Emerging evidence shows that gut microbial-released EVs play a pivotal role in the gut-brain axis, bidirectional communication, and crosstalk between the gut and the brain. Increasing pre-clinical and clinical evidence suggests that gut bacteria-released EVs are capable of eliciting distinct signaling to the brain with the ability to cross the blood-brain barrier, exerting regulatory function on brain cells such as neurons, astrocytes, and microglia, via their abundant and diversified protein and nucleic acid cargo. Conversely, EVs derived from certain species of bacteria, particularly from gut commensals with probiotic properties, have recently been shown to confer distinct therapeutic effects on various neurological disorders. Thus, gut bacterial EVs may be both a cause of and therapy for neuropathological complications. This review marshals the basic, clinical, and translational studies that significantly contributed to our up-to-date knowledge of the therapeutic potential of gut microbial-derived EVs in treating neurological disorders, including strokes, Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease, and dementia. The review also discusses the newer insights in recent studies focused on developing superior therapeutic microbial EVs via genetic manipulation and/or dietary intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Sun
- Departments of Biomedical Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV, United States
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Harshal Sawant
- Departments of Biomedical Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV, United States
| | - Alip Borthakur
- Departments of Clinical and Translational Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV, United States
| | - Ji Chen Bihl
- Departments of Biomedical Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV, United States
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128
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Luthe T, Kever L, Thormann K, Frunzke J. Bacterial multicellular behavior in antiviral defense. Curr Opin Microbiol 2023; 74:102314. [PMID: 37030144 DOI: 10.1016/j.mib.2023.102314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
Multicellular behavior benefits seemingly simple organisms such as bacteria, by improving nutrient uptake, resistance to stresses, or by providing advantages in predatory interactions. Several recent studies have shown that this also extends to the defense against bacteriophages, which are omnipresent in almost all habitats. In this review, we summarize strategies conferring protection against phage infection at the multicellular level, covering secretion of small antiphage molecules or membrane vesicles, the role of quorum sensing in phage defense, the development of transient phage resistance, and the impact of biofilm components and architecture. Recent studies focusing on these topics push the boundaries of our understanding of the bacterial immune system and set the ground for an appreciation of bacterial multicellular behavior in antiviral defense.
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129
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Stathatos I, Koumandou VL. Comparative Analysis of Prokaryotic Extracellular Vesicle Proteins and Their Targeting Signals. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1977. [PMID: 37630535 PMCID: PMC10458587 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11081977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Prokaryotic extracellular vesicles (EVs) are vesicles that bud from the cell membrane and are secreted by bacteria and archaea. EV cargo in Gram-negative bacteria includes mostly periplasmic and outer membrane proteins. EVs are clinically important as their cargo can include toxins associated with bacterial virulence and toxicity; additionally, they have been proposed as efficient vaccine agents and as the ancestors of the eukaryotic endomembrane system. However, the mechanistic details behind EV cargo selection and release are still poorly understood. In this study, we have performed bioinformatics analysis of published data on EV proteomes from 38 species of bacteria and 4 archaea. Focusing on clusters of orthologous genes (COGs) and using the EggNOG mapper function, we have identified cargo proteins that are commonly found in EVs across species. We discuss the putative role of these prominent proteins in EV biogenesis and function. We also analyzed the published EV proteomes for conserved signal sequences and discuss the potential role of these signal sequences for EV cargo selection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vassiliki Lila Koumandou
- Genetics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Agricultural University of Athens, 11855 Athens, Greece;
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130
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Zhang Y, Wang H, Zhang Y, Zhao P, Li Y. Aerosolization inhalation of non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae outer membrane vesicles contributing to neutrophilic asthma. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1226633. [PMID: 37564280 PMCID: PMC10411346 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1226633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Neutrophilic asthma is poorly responsive to corticosteroids, and the mechanism underlying its pathogenesis remains unclear. Non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi) is the most common bacterium found in induced sputum from patients with neutrophilic asthma. NTHi can release outer membrane vesicles (OMVs), which transfer biomolecules to host cells and the external environment. However, the role and mechanisms of NTHi OMVs in the pathogenesis of neutrophilic asthma remain unclear. Methods We conducted assays to investigate whether NTHi OMVs can induce neutrophilic asthma when inhaled. We isolated and purified NTHi OMVs and administered them via a nebulizer to ovalbumin (OVA)-sensitized mice. We collected and sequenced serum, blood, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, and lung tissue from each group and gathered lung function data. Results Inhaled NTHi OMVs-induced neutrophilic asthma in OVA-sensitized mice. High-throughput sequencing revealed that NTHi OMV inhalation in OVA-sensitized mice significantly enriched inflammatory and immune-related signaling pathways. We found increased transcription and secretion of interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-17, which may contribute to neutrophilic asthma. Furthermore, we discovered that airway epithelium is the first receptor cell of NTHi OMVs and releases IL-1β. These findings suggest that NTHi OMVs could be a potential target for neutrophilic asthma therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Yanan Li
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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131
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Marić I, Zore A, Rojko F, Škapin AS, Štukelj R, Učakar A, Vidrih R, Veselinović V, Gotić M, Bohinc K. Antifungal Effect of Polymethyl Methacrylate Resin Base with Embedded Au Nanoparticles. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:2128. [PMID: 37513139 PMCID: PMC10383817 DOI: 10.3390/nano13142128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Full and partial restorations in dentistry must replicate the characteristics of the patient's natural teeth. Materials must have good mechanical properties and be non-toxic and biocompatible. Microbes, which can form biofilms, are constantly in contact with restorations. In this study, we investigate how well Candida albicans adheres to a polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) resin base with gold (Au) nanoparticles. We synthesized Au nanoparticles and characterized them. The average size of Au nanoparticles embedded in PMMA was 11 nm. The color difference ΔE between PMMA and PMMA/Au composites was 2.7 and was still esthetically acceptable to patients. PMMA/Au surfaces are smoother and more hydrophilic than pure PMMA surfaces, and the isoelectric point of both types of surfaces was 4.3. Above the isoelectric point, PMMA/Au surfaces are more negatively charged than PMMA surfaces. The added Au nanoparticles decreased the tensile strength, while the hardness did not change significantly. Adhesion measurements showed that PMMA surfaces modified with Au nanoparticles reduced the extent of microbial adhesion of Candida albicans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Marić
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Anamarija Zore
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Franc Rojko
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Andrijana Sever Škapin
- Slovenian National Building and Civil Engineering Institute, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Faculty of Polymer Technology-FTPO, Ozare 19, 2380 Slovenj Gradec, Slovenia
| | - Roman Štukelj
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | | | - Rajko Vidrih
- Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Valentina Veselinović
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Banja Luka, 78000 Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | | | - Klemen Bohinc
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Iyaswamy A, Lu K, Guan XJ, Kan Y, Su C, Liu J, Jaganathan R, Vasudevan K, Paul J, Thakur A, Li M. Impact and Advances in the Role of Bacterial Extracellular Vesicles in Neurodegenerative Disease and Its Therapeutics. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2056. [PMID: 37509695 PMCID: PMC10377521 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11072056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterial Extracellular Vesicles (BEVs) possess the capability of intracellular interactions with other cells, and, hence, can be utilized as an efficient cargo for worldwide delivery of therapeutic substances such as monoclonal antibodies, proteins, plasmids, siRNA, and small molecules for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases (NDs). BEVs additionally possess a remarkable capacity for delivering these therapeutics across the blood-brain barrier to treat Alzheimer's disease (AD). This review summarizes the role and advancement of BEVs for NDs, AD, and their treatment. Additionally, it investigates the critical BEV networks in the microbiome-gut-brain axis, their defensive and offensive roles in NDs, and their interaction with NDs. Furthermore, the part of BEVs in the neuroimmune system and their interference with ND, as well as the risk factors made by BEVs in the autophagy-lysosomal pathway and their potential outcomes on ND, are all discussed. To conclude, this review aims to gain a better understanding of the credentials of BEVs in NDs and possibly discover new therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashok Iyaswamy
- Mr. & Mrs. Ko Chi-Ming Centre for Parkinson's Disease Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Biochemistry, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Coimbatore 641021, India
| | - Kejia Lu
- Mr. & Mrs. Ko Chi-Ming Centre for Parkinson's Disease Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Xin-Jie Guan
- Mr. & Mrs. Ko Chi-Ming Centre for Parkinson's Disease Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yuxuan Kan
- Mr. & Mrs. Ko Chi-Ming Centre for Parkinson's Disease Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chengfu Su
- Mr. & Mrs. Ko Chi-Ming Centre for Parkinson's Disease Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Mr. & Mrs. Ko Chi-Ming Centre for Parkinson's Disease Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ravindran Jaganathan
- Preclinical Department, Faculty of Medicine, Royal College of Medicine Perak, Universiti Kuala Lumpur, Ipoh 30450, Malaysia
| | | | - Jeyakumari Paul
- Department of Physiology, Dr. ALM PG Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Chennai 600005, India
| | - Abhimanyu Thakur
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, Ben May Department for Cancer Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Min Li
- Mr. & Mrs. Ko Chi-Ming Centre for Parkinson's Disease Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Lai Y, Jiang B, Hou F, Huang X, Ling B, Lu H, Zhong T, Huang J. The emerging role of extracellular vesicles in fungi: a double-edged sword. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1216895. [PMID: 37533824 PMCID: PMC10390730 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1216895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Fungi are eukaryotic microorganisms found in nature, which can invade the human body and cause tissue damage, inflammatory reactions, organ dysfunctions, and diseases. These diseases can severely damage the patient's body systems and functions, leading to a range of clinical symptoms that can be life-threatening. As the incidence of invasive fungal infections has progressively increased in the recent years, a wealth of evidence has confirmed the "double-edged sword" role of fungal extracellular vesicles (EVs) in intercellular communication and pathogen-host interactions. Fungal EVs act as mediators of cellular communication, affecting fungal-host cell interactions, delivering virulence factors, and promoting infection. Fungal EVs can also have an induced protective effect, affecting fungal growth and stimulating adaptive immune responses. By integrating recent studies, we discuss the role of EVs in fungi, providing strong theoretical support for the early prevention and treatment of invasive fungal infections. Finally, we highlight the feasibility of using fungal EVs as drug carriers and in vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Lai
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Bowei Jiang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Fangpeng Hou
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xinhong Huang
- Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Baodian Ling
- Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Hongfei Lu
- Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Tianyu Zhong
- Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Junyun Huang
- Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
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Menon R, Khanipov K, Radnaa E, Ganguly E, Bento GFC, Urrabaz-Garza R, Kammala AK, Yaklic J, Pyles R, Golovko G, Tantengco OAG. Amplification of microbial DNA from bacterial extracellular vesicles from human placenta. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1213234. [PMID: 37520380 PMCID: PMC10374210 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1213234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The placenta is essential for fetal growth and survival and maintaining a successful pregnancy. The sterility of the placenta has been challenged recently; however, the presence of a placental microbiome has been controversial. We tested the hypothesis that the bacterial extracellular vesicles (BEVs) from Gram-negative bacteria as an alternate source of microbial DNA, regardless of the existence of a microbial community in the placenta. Methods Placentae from the term, not in labor Cesareans deliveries, were used for this study, and placental specimens were sampled randomly from the fetal side. We developed a protocol for the isolation of BEVs from human tissues and this is the first study to isolate the BEVs from human tissue and characterize them. Results The median size of BEVs was 130-140 nm, and the mean concentration was 1.8-5.5 × 1010 BEVs/g of the wet placenta. BEVs are spherical and contain LPS and ompA. Western blots further confirmed ompA but not human EVs markers ALIX confirming the purity of preparations. Taxonomic abundance profiles showed BEV sequence reads above the levels of the negative controls (all reagent controls). In contrast, the sequence reads in the same placenta were substantially low, indicating nothing beyond contamination (low biomass). Alpha-diversity showed the number of detected genera was significantly higher in the BEVs than placenta, suggesting BEVs as a likely source of microbial DNA. Beta-diversity further showed significant overlap in the microbiome between BEV and the placenta, confirming that BEVs in the placenta are likely a source of microbial DNA in the placenta. Uptake studies localized BEVs in maternal (decidual) and placental cells (cytotrophoblast), confirming their ability to enter these cells. Lastly, BEVs significantly increased inflammatory cytokine production in THP-1 macrophages in a high-dose group but not in the placental or decidual cells. Conclusion We conclude that the BEVs are normal constituents during pregnancy and likely reach the placenta through hematogenous spread from maternal body sites that harbor microbiome. Their presence may result in a low-grade localized inflammation to prime an antigen response in the placenta; however, insufficient to cause a fetal inflammatory response and adverse pregnancy events. This study suggests that BEVs can confound placental microbiome studies, but their low biomass in the placenta is unlikely to have any immunologic impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramkumar Menon
- Division of Basic Science and Translational Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, United States
| | - Kamil Khanipov
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, United States
| | - Enkhtuya Radnaa
- Division of Basic Science and Translational Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, United States
| | - Esha Ganguly
- Division of Basic Science and Translational Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, United States
| | - Giovana Fernanda Cosi Bento
- Division of Basic Science and Translational Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, United States
| | - Rheanna Urrabaz-Garza
- Division of Basic Science and Translational Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, United States
| | - Ananth Kumar Kammala
- Division of Basic Science and Translational Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, United States
| | - Jerome Yaklic
- Division of Basic Science and Translational Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, United States
| | - Richard Pyles
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, United States
| | - George Golovko
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, United States
| | - Ourlad Alzeus G. Tantengco
- Division of Basic Science and Translational Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, United States
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines
- Department of Biology, College of Science, De La Salle University, Manila, Philippines
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Verbeke J, De Bolle X, Arnould T. To eat or not to eat mitochondria? How do host cells cope with mitophagy upon bacterial infection? PLoS Pathog 2023; 19:e1011471. [PMID: 37410705 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1011471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria fulfil a plethora of cellular functions ranging from energy production to regulation of inflammation and cell death control. The fundamental role of mitochondria makes them a target of choice for invading pathogens, with either an intracellular or extracellular lifestyle. Indeed, the modulation of mitochondrial functions by several bacterial pathogens has been shown to be beneficial for bacterial survival inside their host. However, so far, relatively little is known about the importance of mitochondrial recycling and degradation pathways through mitophagy in the outcome (success or failure) of bacterial infection. On the one hand, mitophagy could be considered as a defensive response triggered by the host upon infection to maintain mitochondrial homeostasis. However, on the other hand, the pathogen itself may initiate the host mitophagy to escape from mitochondrial-mediated inflammation or antibacterial oxidative stress. In this review, we will discuss the diversity of various mechanisms of mitophagy in a general context, as well as what is currently known about the different bacterial pathogens that have developed strategies to manipulate the host mitophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérémy Verbeke
- Research Unit in Cell Biology, Laboratory of Biochemistry and Cell Biology URBC)-Namur Research Institute for Life Sciences (NARILIS), University of Namur, Namur, Belgium
| | - Xavier De Bolle
- Research Unit in Microorganisms Biology (URBM)-Namur Research Institute for Life Sciences (NARILIS), University of Namur, Namur, Belgium
| | - Thierry Arnould
- Research Unit in Cell Biology, Laboratory of Biochemistry and Cell Biology URBC)-Namur Research Institute for Life Sciences (NARILIS), University of Namur, Namur, Belgium
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Kawashima K, Nagakubo T, Nomura N, Toyofuku M. Iron Delivery through Membrane Vesicles in Corynebacterium glutamicum. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0122223. [PMID: 37154718 PMCID: PMC10269601 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.01222-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterial cells form and release membrane vesicles (MVs) originating from cellular membranes. In recent years, many biological functions of bacterial MVs have been identified. Here, we show that MVs derived from Corynebacterium glutamicum, a model organism for mycolic acid-containing bacteria, can mediate iron acquisition and other phylogenetically related bacteria. Lipid/protein analysis and iron quantification assay indicate that C. glutamicum MVs formed by outer mycomembrane blebbing can load ferric iron (Fe3+) as its cargo. Iron-loaded C. glutamicum MVs promoted the growth of producer bacteria in iron-limited liquid media. MVs were received by C. glutamicum cells, suggesting a direct transfer of iron to the recipient cells. Cross-feeding of C. glutamicum MVs with phylogenetically close (Mycobacterium smegmatis and Rhodococcus erythropolis) or distant (Bacillus subtilis) bacteria indicated that C. glutamicum MVs could be received by the different species tested, while iron uptake is limited to M. smegmatis and R. erythropolis. In addition, our results indicate that iron loading on MVs in C. glutamicum does not depend on membrane-associated proteins or siderophores, which is different from what has been shown in other mycobacterial species. Our findings illustrate the biological importance of MV-associated extracellular iron for C. glutamicum growth and suggest its ecological impact on selected members of microbial communities. IMPORTANCE Iron is an essential element of life. Many bacteria have developed iron acquisition systems, such as siderophores, for external iron uptake. Corynebacterium glutamicum, a soil bacterium known for its potential for industrial applications, was shown to lack the ability to produce extracellular, low-molecular-weight iron carriers, and it remains elusive how this bacterium acquires iron. Here, we demonstrated that MVs released from C. glutamicum cells could act as extracellular iron carriers that mediate iron uptake. Although MV-associated proteins or siderophores have been shown to play critical roles in MV-mediated iron uptake by other mycobacterial species, the iron delivery through C. glutamicum MVs is not dependent on these factors. Moreover, our results suggest that there is an unidentified mechanism that determines the species specificity of MV-mediated iron acquisition. Our results further demonstrated the important role of MV-associated iron.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayuki Kawashima
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Toshiki Nagakubo
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- Microbiology Research Center for Sustainability (MiCS), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Nobuhiko Nomura
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- Microbiology Research Center for Sustainability (MiCS), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Masanori Toyofuku
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- Microbiology Research Center for Sustainability (MiCS), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
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Pan F, Zhu M, Liang Y, Yuan C, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Fan H, Waldor MK, Ma Z. Membrane vesicle delivery of a streptococcal M protein disrupts the blood-brain barrier by inducing autophagic endothelial cell death. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2219435120. [PMID: 37276410 PMCID: PMC10268326 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2219435120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
M family proteins are critical virulence determinants of Streptococci. Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus (SEZ) are Group C streptococci that cause meningitis in animals and humans. SzM, the M protein of SEZ, has been linked to SEZ brain invasion. Here, we demonstrate that SzM is important in SEZ disruption of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). SEZ release SzM-bound membrane vesicles (MVs), and endocytosis of these vesicles by human brain endothelial microvascular cells (hBMECs) results in SzM-dependent cytotoxicity. Furthermore, administration of SzM-bound MVs disrupted the murine BBB. A CRISPR screen revealed that SzM cytotoxicity in hBMECs depends on PTEN-related activation of autophagic cell death. Pharmacologic inhibition of PTEN activity prevented SEZ disruption of the murine BBB and delayed mortality. Our data show that MV delivery of SzM to host cells plays a key role in SEZ pathogenicity and suggests that MV delivery of streptococcal M family proteins is likely a common streptococcal virulence mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Pan
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Bacteriology, the International Joint Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu210095, China
| | - Mingli Zhu
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Bacteriology, the International Joint Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu210095, China
| | - Ying Liang
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Bacteriology, the International Joint Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu210095, China
| | - Chen Yuan
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Bacteriology, the International Joint Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu210095, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Bacteriology, the International Joint Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu210095, China
| | - Yuchang Wang
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Bacteriology, the International Joint Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu210095, China
| | - Hongjie Fan
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Bacteriology, the International Joint Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu210095, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou225009, China
| | - Matthew K. Waldor
- HHMI, Boston, MA02115
- Brigham and Women’s HospitalDivision of Infectious Diseases, Boston, MA02115
- Department of Microbiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02115
| | - Zhe Ma
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Bacteriology, the International Joint Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu210095, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou225009, China
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Liu D, Zhong Y, Pu Y, Li X, Chen S, Zhang C. Preparation of pH-Responsive Films from Polyvinyl Alcohol/Agar Containing Cochineal for Monitoring the Freshness of Pork. Foods 2023; 12:2316. [PMID: 37372526 DOI: 10.3390/foods12122316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This study reported the production of pH-responsive films based on 8 wt% polyvinyl alcohol solution/0.2 wt% agar solution incorporated with cochineal-loaded starch particles (CSN) (2, 4, 6 and 8 wt% on agar basis) by a casting process. Results revealed that CSN presented obvious color changes over the pH range of 2-12. FTIR, XRD spectra and SEM micrographs presented that the incorporation of CSN formed new hydrogen bonds with a matrix and a tighter network structure. A certain improvement was observed in the color stability, swelling index and functional properties (antimicrobial and antioxidant activities) but water solubility, water vapor permeability and water contact angle of the pH-responsive films were decreased by the addition of CSN. The release of cochineal was a rate-limiting step following the Korsmeyer-Peppas model. The agar/polyvinyl alcohol film containing 6% CSN (PVA/GG-6) exhibited the best sensitivity for ammonia detection and its limit of detection was 35.4 ppm (part per million) for ammonia. The application trials showed that the PVA/GG-6 film presented different color changes for pork freshness. Hence, these pH-responsive films can be used as potential packaging materials for tracking the freshness of protein-rich fresh food in a non-destructive way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danfei Liu
- School of Packaging and Materials Engineering, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou 412007, China
| | - Yunfei Zhong
- School of Packaging and Materials Engineering, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou 412007, China
| | - Yumei Pu
- School of Packaging and Materials Engineering, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou 412007, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Li
- School of Packaging and Materials Engineering, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou 412007, China
| | - Siyuan Chen
- School of Packaging and Materials Engineering, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou 412007, China
| | - Changfan Zhang
- School of Packaging and Materials Engineering, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou 412007, China
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Chen L, Ou Q, Kou X. Extracellular vesicles and their indispensable roles in pathogenesis and treatment of inflammatory bowel disease: A comprehensive review. Life Sci 2023; 327:121830. [PMID: 37286163 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a global disease with rising incidence worldwide, and its debilitating symptoms and dissatisfactory therapies have brought heavy burdens for patients. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), a heterogeneous population of lipid bilayer membranes containing abundant bioactive molecules, have been indicated to play important roles in the pathogenesis and treatment of many diseases. However, to our knowledge, comprehensive reviews summarizing the various roles of diverse source-derived EVs in the pathogenesis and treatment of IBD are still lacking. This review, not only summarizes the EV characteristics, but also focuses on the multiple roles of diverse EVs in IBD pathogenesis and their treatment potential. In addition, hoping to push forward the research frontiers, we point out several challenges that the researchers are faced, about EVs in current IBD research and future therapeutic applications. We also put forward our prospects on future exploration regarding EVs in IBD treatment, including developing IBD vaccines and paying more attention on apoptotic vesicles. This review is aimed to enrich the knowledge on the indispensable roles of EVs in IBD pathogenesis and treatment, providing ideas and reference for future therapeutic strategy for IBD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linling Chen
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, South China Center of Craniofacial Stem Cell Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, 510055 Guangzhou, China
| | - Qianmin Ou
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, South China Center of Craniofacial Stem Cell Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, 510055 Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoxing Kou
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, South China Center of Craniofacial Stem Cell Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, 510055 Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering (Sun Yat-sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510055, China.
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Rodovalho VDR, da Luz BSR, Nicolas A, Jardin J, Briard-Bion V, Folador EL, Santos AR, Jan G, Loir YL, Azevedo VADC, Guédon É. Different culture media and purification methods unveil the core proteome of Propionibacterium freudenreichii-derived extracellular vesicles. MICROLIFE 2023; 4:uqad029. [PMID: 37324655 PMCID: PMC10265600 DOI: 10.1093/femsml/uqad029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial extracellular vesicles (EVs) are natural lipidic nanoparticles implicated in intercellular communication. Although EV research focused mainly on pathogens, the interest in probiotic-derived EVs is now rising. One example is Propionibacterium freudenreichii, which produces EVs with anti-inflammatory effects on human epithelial cells. Our previous study with P. freudenreichii showed that EVs purified by size exclusion chromatography (SEC) displayed variations in protein content according to bacterial growth conditions. Considering these content variations, we hypothesized that a comparative proteomic analysis of EVs recovered in different conditions would elucidate whether a representative vesicular proteome existed, possibly providing a robust proteome dataset for further analysis. Therefore, P. freudenreichii was grown in two culture media, and EVs were purified by sucrose density gradient ultracentrifugation (UC). Microscopic and size characterization confirmed EV purification, while shotgun proteomics unveiled that they carried a diverse set of proteins. A comparative analysis of the protein content of UC- and SEC-derived EVs, isolated from cultures either in UF (cow milk ultrafiltrate medium) or YEL (laboratory yeast extract lactate medium), showed that EVs from all these conditions shared 308 proteins. This EV core proteome was notably enriched in proteins related to immunomodulation. Moreover, it showed distinctive features, including highly interacting proteins, compositional biases for some specific amino acids, and other biochemical parameters. Overall, this work broadens the toolset for the purification of P. freudenreichii-derived EVs, identifies a representative vesicular proteome, and enumerates conserved features in vesicular proteins. These results hold the potential for providing candidate biomarkers of purification quality, and insights into the mechanisms of EV biogenesis and cargo sorting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinícius de Rezende Rodovalho
- INRAE, Institut Agro, STLO, 35042, Rennes, France
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Genetics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil
- Laboratory of Immunoinflammation, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas 13000-000, Brazil
| | - Brenda Silva Rosa da Luz
- INRAE, Institut Agro, STLO, 35042, Rennes, France
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Genetics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Edson Luiz Folador
- Center of Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa 58051-900, Brazil
| | - Anderson Rodrigues Santos
- Faculty of Computer Science, Department of Computer Science, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia 38400902, Brazil
| | - Gwénaël Jan
- INRAE, Institut Agro, STLO, 35042, Rennes, France
| | - Yves Le Loir
- INRAE, Institut Agro, STLO, 35042, Rennes, France
| | - Vasco Ariston de Carvalho Azevedo
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Genetics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Éric Guédon
- Corresponding author. INRAE, Institut Agro, STLO, 35042, Rennes, France. E-mail:
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Cai Q, Halilovic L, Shi T, Chen A, He B, Wu H, Jin H. Extracellular vesicles: cross-organismal RNA trafficking in plants, microbes, and mammalian cells. EXTRACELLULAR VESICLES AND CIRCULATING NUCLEIC ACIDS 2023; 4:262-282. [PMID: 37575974 PMCID: PMC10419970 DOI: 10.20517/evcna.2023.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membrane-enclosed nanometer-scale particles that transport biological materials such as RNAs, proteins, and metabolites. EVs have been discovered in nearly all kingdoms of life as a form of cellular communication across different cells and between interacting organisms. EV research has primarily focused on EV-mediated intra-organismal transport in mammals, which has led to the characterization of a plethora of EV contents from diverse cell types with distinct and impactful physiological effects. In contrast, research into EV-mediated transport in plants has focused on inter-organismal interactions between plants and interacting microbes. However, the overall molecular content and functions of plant and microbial EVs remain largely unknown. Recent studies into the plant-pathogen interface have demonstrated that plants produce and secrete EVs that transport small RNAs into pathogen cells to silence virulence-related genes. Plant-interacting microbes such as bacteria and fungi also secrete EVs which transport proteins, metabolites, and potentially RNAs into plant cells to enhance their virulence. This review will focus on recent advances in EV-mediated communications in plant-pathogen interactions compared to the current state of knowledge of mammalian EV capabilities and highlight the role of EVs in cross-kingdom RNA interference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, Hubei, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan 430072, Hubei, China
| | - Lida Halilovic
- Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, Center for Plant Cell Biology, Institute for Integrative Genome Biology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92507, United States
| | - Ting Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, Hubei, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan 430072, Hubei, China
| | - Angela Chen
- Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, Center for Plant Cell Biology, Institute for Integrative Genome Biology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92507, United States
| | - Baoye He
- Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, Center for Plant Cell Biology, Institute for Integrative Genome Biology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92507, United States
| | - Huaitong Wu
- Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, Center for Plant Cell Biology, Institute for Integrative Genome Biology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92507, United States
| | - Hailing Jin
- Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, Center for Plant Cell Biology, Institute for Integrative Genome Biology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92507, United States
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Raposo G, Stahl PD. Extracellular vesicles - on the cusp of a new language in the biological sciences. EXTRACELLULAR VESICLES AND CIRCULATING NUCLEIC ACIDS 2023; 4:240-254. [PMID: 38288044 PMCID: PMC10824536 DOI: 10.20517/evcna.2023.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) play a key role both in physiological balance and homeostasis and in disease processes through their ability to participate in intercellular signaling and communication. An ever-expanding knowledge pool and a myriad of functional properties ascribed to EVs point to a new language of communication in biological systems that has opened a path for the discovery and implementation of novel diagnostic applications. EVs originate in the endosomal network and via non-random shedding from the plasma membrane by mechanisms that allow the packaging of functional cargoes, including proteins, lipids, and genetic materials. Deciphering the molecular mechanisms that govern packaging, secretion and targeted delivery of extracellular vesicle-borne cargo will be required to establish EVs as important signaling entities, especially when ascribing functional properties to a heterogeneous population of vesicles. Several molecular cascades operate within the endosomal network and at the plasma membrane that recognize and segregate cargos as a prelude to vesicle budding and release. EVs are transferred between cells and operate as vehicles in biological fluids within tissues and within the microenvironment where they are responsible for short- and long-range targeted information. In this review, we focus on the remarkable capacity of EVs to establish a dialogue between cells and within tissues, often operating in parallel to the endocrine system, we highlight selected examples of past and recent studies on the functions of EVs in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graca Raposo
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS, UMR144, Structure and Membrane Compartments, Paris 75005, France
| | - Philip D. Stahl
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
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Wang X, Li H, Wang J, Xu H, Xue K, Liu X, Zhang Z, Liu J, Liu Y. Staphylococcus aureus extracellular vesicles induce apoptosis and restrain mitophagy-mediated degradation of damaged mitochondria. Microbiol Res 2023; 273:127421. [PMID: 37267814 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2023.127421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nano-sized bilayer EVs with various components. EV secretion in pathogenic Gram-positive bacteria is a universal feature that can cause disease and damage the targeted host. In this study, we isolated and purified Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) EVs, and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analyzed Ev's protein composition. After that, the pathway of EVs internalized into MAC-T cells was evaluated. Moreover, the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and the nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) pathway was measured by Western blot. Meanwhile, Western blot and confocal microscopy detected mitochondrial damage, apoptosis, and Parkin-mediated mitophagy. Results showed that purified S. aureus EVs exhibited a typical cup-shaped structure and internalized into MAC-T cells by lipid raft-mediated endocytic pathway. S. aureus EVs caused mitochondrial damage and apoptosis in MAC-T cells. However, degradation of the damaged mitochondria was impeded due to the Parkin-mediated mitophagy pathway being restrained by the disruption of the acidic environment of lysosomes by S. aureus EVs. Hence, our study reveals the role of S. aureus EVs in immune stimulation, disruption of mitochondria, and lysosomal acidic environment in bovine mammary epithelial cells. These findings help us understand the role of EVs in the pathogenic mechanism of S. aureus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaozhou Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai`an 271018, China
| | - Hongyan Li
- The Affiliated Taian City Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Tai`an 271000, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Animal Infectious Diseases, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Academy of Animal Science, Urumqi 830013, China
| | - Huiling Xu
- Research Center for Animal Disease Control Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai`an 271018, China
| | - Kun Xue
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai`an 271018, China
| | - Xiaoting Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai`an 271018, China
| | - Zhizhong Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai`an 271018, China
| | - Jianzhu Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai`an 271018, China; Research Center for Animal Disease Control Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai`an 271018, China.
| | - Yongxia Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai`an 271018, China.
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144
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Deng M, Li P, Liu W, Chang P, Yang L, Wang Z, Wang J, Liu L. Deepened snow cover increases grassland soil carbon stocks by incorporating carbon inputs into deep soil layers. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2023. [PMID: 37246246 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Climate-induced changes in snow cover can greatly impact winter soil microclimate and spring water supply. These effects, in turn, can influence plant and microbial activity and the strength of leaching processes, potentially altering the distribution and storage of soil organic carbon (SOC) across different soil depths. However, few studies have examined how changes in snow cover will affect SOC stocks, and even less is known about the impact of snow cover on SOC dynamics along soil profiles. By selecting 11 snow fences along a 570 km climate gradient in Inner Mongolia, covering arid, temperate, and meadow steppes, we measured plant and microbial biomass, community composition, SOC content, and other soil parameters from topsoil to a depth of 60 cm. We found that deepened snow increased aboveground and belowground plant biomass, as well as microbial biomass. Plant and microbial carbon input were positively correlated with grassland SOC stocks. More importantly, we found that deepened snow altered SOC distribution along vertical soil profiles. The increase in SOC caused by deepened snow was much greater in the subsoil (+74.7%; 0-5 cm) than that in the topsoil (+19.0%; 40-60 cm). Additionally, the controls on SOC content under deepened snow differed between the topsoil and subsoil layers. The increase in microbial and root biomass jointly enhanced topsoil C accumulation, while the increase in leaching processes became critical in promoting subsoil C accumulation. We conclude that under deepened snow, the subsoil had a high capacity to sink C by incorporating C leached from the topsoil, suggesting that the subsoil, originally thought to be climate insensitive, could have a higher response to precipitation changes due to vertical C transport. Our study highlights the importance of considering soil depth when assessing the impacts of snow cover changes on SOC dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meifeng Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- China National Botanical Garden, Beijing, China
| | - Ping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- China National Botanical Garden, Beijing, China
| | - Weixing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- National Hulunber Grassland Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Pengfei Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenhua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- The Engineering Technology Research Center of Characteristic Medicinal Plants of Fujian, College of Life Sciences, Ningde Normal University, Ningde City, China
| | - Jing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Life Sciences, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Lingli Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- China National Botanical Garden, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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145
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Buchacher T, Digruber A, Kranzler M, Del Favero G, Ehling-Schulz M. Bacillus cereus extracellular vesicles act as shuttles for biologically active multicomponent enterotoxins. Cell Commun Signal 2023; 21:112. [PMID: 37189133 PMCID: PMC10184354 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01132-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Extracellular vesicles (EVs) from Gram-positive bacteria have gained considerable importance as a novel transport system of virulence factors in host-pathogen interactions. Bacillus cereus is a Gram-positive human pathogen, causing gastrointestinal toxemia as well as local and systemic infections. The pathogenicity of enteropathogenic B. cereus has been linked to a collection of virulence factors and exotoxins. Nevertheless, the exact mechanism of virulence factor secretion and delivery to target cells is poorly understood. RESULTS Here, we investigate the production and characterization of enterotoxin-associated EVs from the enteropathogenic B. cereus strain NVH0075-95 by using a proteomics approach and studied their interaction with human host cells in vitro. For the first time, comprehensive analyses of B. cereus EV proteins revealed virulence-associated factors, such as sphingomyelinase, phospholipase C, and the three-component enterotoxin Nhe. The detection of Nhe subunits was confirmed by immunoblotting, showing that the low abundant subunit NheC was exclusively detected in EVs as compared to vesicle-free supernatant. Cholesterol-dependent fusion and predominantly dynamin-mediated endocytosis of B. cereus EVs with the plasma membrane of intestinal epithelial Caco2 cells represent entry routes for delivery of Nhe components to host cells, which was assessed by confocal microscopy and finally led to delayed cytotoxicity. Furthermore, we could show that B. cereus EVs elicit an inflammatory response in human monocytes and contribute to erythrocyte lysis via a cooperative interaction of enterotoxin Nhe and sphingomyelinase. CONCLUSION Our results provide insights into the interaction of EVs from B. cereus with human host cells and add a new layer of complexity to our understanding of multicomponent enterotoxin assembly, offering new opportunities to decipher molecular processes involved in disease development. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanja Buchacher
- Functional Microbiology, Institute of Microbiology, Department of Pathobiology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Astrid Digruber
- Functional Microbiology, Institute of Microbiology, Department of Pathobiology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Markus Kranzler
- Functional Microbiology, Institute of Microbiology, Department of Pathobiology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Giorgia Del Favero
- Department of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Core Facility Multimodal Imaging, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Monika Ehling-Schulz
- Functional Microbiology, Institute of Microbiology, Department of Pathobiology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria.
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146
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Wang X, Wu Y, Liu Y, Chen F, Chen S, Zhang F, Li S, Wang C, Gong Y, Huang R, Hu M, Ning Y, Zhao H, Guo X. Altered gut microbiome profile in patients with knee osteoarthritis. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1153424. [PMID: 37250055 PMCID: PMC10213253 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1153424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Osteoarthritis (OA) is a kind of chronic, degenerative disorder with unknown causes. In this study, we aimed to improve our understanding of the gut microbiota profile in patients with knee OA. Methods 16S rDNA gene sequencing was performed to detect the gut microbiota in fecal samples collected from the patients with OA (n = 32) and normal control (NC, n = 57). Then the metagenomic sequencing was used to identify the genes or functions linked with gut microbial changes at the species level in the fecal samples from patients with OA and NC groups. Results The Proteobacteria was identified as dominant bacteria in OA group. We identified 81 genera resulted significantly different in abundance between OA and NC. The abundance of Agathobacter, Ruminococcus, Roseburia, Subdoligranulum, and Lactobacillus showed significant decrease in the OA compared to the NC. The abundance of genera Prevotella_7, Clostridium, Flavonifractor and Klebsiella were increasing in the OA group, and the families Lactobacillaceae, Christensenellaceae, Clostridiaceae_1 and Acidaminococcaceae were increasing in the NC. The metagenomic sequencing showed that the abundance of Bacteroides stercoris, Bacteroides vulgatus and Bacteroides uniformis at the species level were significantly decreasing in the OA, and the abundance of Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Shigella flexneri and Streptococcus salivarius were significantly increased in OA. Discussion The results of our study interpret a comprehensive profile of the gut microbiota in patients with knee OA and offer the evidence that the cartilage-gut-microbiome axis could play a crucial role in underlying the mechanisms and pathogenesis of OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yifan Wu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yanli Liu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Feihong Chen
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Sijie Chen
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Feiyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shujin Li
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chaowei Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yi Gong
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ruitian Huang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Minhan Hu
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yujie Ning
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hongmou Zhao
- Foot and Ankle Surgery Department, Honghui Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiong Guo
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
- Clinical Research Center for Endemic Disease of Shaanxi Province, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
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147
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Wu J, Ma Y, Chen Y. Extracellular vesicles and COPD: foe or friend? J Nanobiotechnology 2023; 21:147. [PMID: 37147634 PMCID: PMC10161449 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-023-01911-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic inflammatory airway disease characterized by progressive airflow limitation. The complex biological processes of COPD include protein hydrolysis tissue remodeling, innate immune inflammation, disturbed host-pathogen response, abnormal cellular phenotype conversion, and cellular senescence. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) (including apoptotic vesicles, microvesicles and exosomes), are released by almost all cell types and can be found in a variety of body fluids including blood, sputum and urine. EVs are key mediators in cell-cell communication and can be used by using their bioactive substances (DNA, RNA, miRNA, proteins and other metabolites) to enable cells in adjacent and distant tissues to perform a wide variety of functions, which in turn affect the physiological and pathological functions of the body. Thus, EVs is expected to play an important role in the pathogenesis of COPD, which in turn affects its acute exacerbations and may serve as a diagnostic marker for it. Furthermore, recent therapeutic approaches and advances have introduced EVs into the treatment of COPD, such as the modification of EVs into novel drug delivery vehicles. Here, we discuss the role of EVs from cells of different origins in the pathogenesis of COPD and explore their possible use as biomarkers in diagnosis, and finally describe their role in therapy and future prospects for their application. Graphical Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiankang Wu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Yiming Ma
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China.
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China.
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148
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Costa-Orlandi CB, Bila NM, Bonatti JLC, Vaso CO, Santos MB, Polaquini CR, Santoni Biasioli MM, Herculano RD, Regasini LO, Fusco-Almeida AM, Mendes-Giannini MJS. Membranolytic Activity Profile of Nonyl 3,4-Dihydroxybenzoate: A New Anti-Biofilm Compound for the Treatment of Dermatophytosis. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15051402. [PMID: 37242644 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15051402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The ability of dermatophytes to live in communities and resist antifungal drugs may explain treatment recurrence, especially in onychomycosis. Therefore, new molecules with reduced toxicity that target dermatophyte biofilms should be investigated. This study evaluated nonyl 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate (nonyl) susceptibility and mechanism of action on planktonic cells and biofilms of T. rubrum and T. mentagrophytes. Metabolic activities, ergosterol, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were quantified, and the expression of genes encoding ergosterol was determined by real-time PCR. The effects on the biofilm structure were visualized using confocal electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). T. rubrum and T. mentagrophytes biofilms were susceptible to nonyl and resistant to fluconazole, griseofulvin (all strains), and terbinafine (two strains). The SEM results revealed that nonyl groups seriously damaged the biofilms, whereas synthetic drugs caused little or no damage and, in some cases, stimulated the development of resistance structures. Confocal microscopy showed a drastic reduction in biofilm thickness, and transmission electron microscopy results indicated that the compound promoted the derangement and formation of pores in the plasma membrane. Biochemical and molecular assays indicated that fungal membrane ergosterol is a nonyl target. These findings show that nonyl 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate is a promising antifungal compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline B Costa-Orlandi
- Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (U.N.E.S.P.), Araraquara 14800-903, SP, Brazil
| | - Níura M Bila
- Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (U.N.E.S.P.), Araraquara 14800-903, SP, Brazil
- Department of Para-Clinic, School of Veterinary, Eduardo Modlane University (UEM), Maputo 257, Mozambique
| | - Jean Lucas C Bonatti
- Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (U.N.E.S.P.), Araraquara 14800-903, SP, Brazil
| | - Carolina O Vaso
- Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (U.N.E.S.P.), Araraquara 14800-903, SP, Brazil
| | - Mariana B Santos
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences, São Paulo State University (U.N.E.S.P.), Sao Jose do Rio Preto 15054-000, SP, Brazil
| | - Carlos R Polaquini
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences, São Paulo State University (U.N.E.S.P.), Sao Jose do Rio Preto 15054-000, SP, Brazil
| | - Mariana M Santoni Biasioli
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (U.N.E.S.P.), Araraquara 14800-903, SP, Brazil
| | - Rondinelli D Herculano
- Department of Bioprocesses and Biotechnology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (U.N.E.S.P.), Araraquara 14800-903, SP, Brazil
| | - Luis O Regasini
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences, São Paulo State University (U.N.E.S.P.), Sao Jose do Rio Preto 15054-000, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Marisa Fusco-Almeida
- Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (U.N.E.S.P.), Araraquara 14800-903, SP, Brazil
| | - Maria José S Mendes-Giannini
- Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (U.N.E.S.P.), Araraquara 14800-903, SP, Brazil
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149
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Shin C, Baik I. Bacterial Extracellular Vesicle Composition in Human Urine and the 10-Year Risk of Abdominal Obesity. Metab Syndr Relat Disord 2023. [PMID: 37134220 DOI: 10.1089/met.2022.0109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: We aimed to evaluate a causal relationship between commensal bacteria and abdominal obesity. Methods: A prospective study, including 2222 adults who provided urine samples at baseline, was performed. These samples were used for assays of genomic DNA from bacterial extracellular vesicles (EVs). During the 10-year period, the incidence rates of obesity (measured as body mass index) and abdominal obesity (measured as waist circumference) were ascertained as outcomes. To evaluate associations of bacterial composition at the phylum and genus levels with the outcomes, the hazard ratio (HR) and its confidence interval (95% CI) were estimated. Results: No significant association was observed for the risk of obesity, whereas the risk of abdominal obesity was inversely associated with the composition of Proteobacteria and positively associated with that of Firmicutes (adjusted P value <0.05). In joint analysis for the combination groups of Proteobacteria and Firmicutes composition tertiles, the group with top tertiles of both Proteobacteria and Firmicutes showed a significant HR of 2.59 (95% CI: 1.33 - 5.01) compared with the reference with lower tertiles (adjusted P value <0.05). Some genera of these phyla were associated with the risk of abdominal obesity. Conclusions: These findings suggest that bacterial composition in urinary EV samples can predict the 10-year risk of abdominal obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chol Shin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Republic of Korea
| | - Inkyung Baik
- Department of Foods and Nutrition, College of Science and Technology, Kookmin University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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150
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Luo R, Chang Y, Liang H, Zhang W, Song Y, Li G, Yang C. Interactions between extracellular vesicles and microbiome in human diseases: New therapeutic opportunities. IMETA 2023; 2:e86. [PMID: 38868436 PMCID: PMC10989913 DOI: 10.1002/imt2.86] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
In recent decades, accumulating research on the interactions between microbiome homeostasis and host health has broadened new frontiers in delineating the molecular mechanisms of disease pathogenesis and developing novel therapeutic strategies. By transporting proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, and metabolites in their versatile bioactive molecules, extracellular vesicles (EVs), natural bioactive cell-secreted nanoparticles, may be key mediators of microbiota-host communications. In addition to their positive and negative roles in diverse physiological and pathological processes, there is considerable evidence to implicate EVs secreted by bacteria (bacterial EVs [BEVs]) in the onset and progression of various diseases, including gastrointestinal, respiratory, dermatological, neurological, and musculoskeletal diseases, as well as in cancer. Moreover, an increasing number of studies have explored BEV-based platforms to design novel biomedical diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. Hence, in this review, we highlight the recent advances in BEV biogenesis, composition, biofunctions, and their potential involvement in disease pathologies. Furthermore, we introduce the current and emerging clinical applications of BEVs in diagnostic analytics, vaccine design, and novel therapeutic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongjin Luo
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
- Department of Spine Surgery, Honghui HospitalXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Yanmin Chang
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Huaizhen Liang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Weifeng Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Yu Song
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Gaocai Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Cao Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
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