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Kuciel N, Mazurek J, Hap K, Marciniak D, Biernat K, Sutkowska E. COVID-19 Vaccine Acceptance in Pregnant and Lactating Women and Mothers of Young Children in Poland. Int J Womens Health 2022; 14:415-424. [PMID: 35378877 PMCID: PMC8975803 DOI: 10.2147/ijwh.s348652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The World Health Organization indicated vaccine hesitancy as one of the top 10 threats to global health. The success of a vaccine depends not only on its efficacy but also on its acceptance. Our study aims to define COVID-19 vaccine acceptance in a sample of pregnant and lactating women in Poland. Since mothers are often key decision-makers for whether their children will receive vaccination, it is vital to measure vaccine confidence among this group. Patients and Methods An anonymous online survey was distributed to assess the level of acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination among pregnant and lactating women for themselves and their children in Poland. Results The trust of pregnant and breastfeeding women and women who have offspring in government, in healthcare professionals, in scientific authorities, and sound scientific data is strongly associated with vaccine acceptance and may influence an individual's decision to perceive recommended actions as beneficial to the society as a whole. Conclusion Acceptance and confidence in receiving the COVID-19 vaccination among pregnant and lactating women and mothers with young children is strongly associated with feelings of trust in government, health professionals, scientific authorities, and sound scientific data. The dissemination of professional and reliable information regarding the safety and efficacy of COVID-19 vaccine uptake by qualified health care personnel can significantly increase the level of trust and public awareness regarding the safety and efficacy of COVID-19 vaccine uptake in pregnancy, while breastfeeding, and mothers with young children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Kuciel
- University Centre of Rehabilitation, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Justyna Mazurek
- University Centre of Rehabilitation, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Hap
- University Centre of Rehabilitation, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Dominik Marciniak
- Department of Drugs Form Technology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Karolina Biernat
- University Centre of Rehabilitation, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Edyta Sutkowska
- University Centre of Rehabilitation, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
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102
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Zimbres TM, Ruiz JB, Bell RA. Conservative Media Use and Childhood COVID-19 Vaccine Information: A Test of the Contradictory Health Information Processing Model. JOURNAL OF HEALTH COMMUNICATION 2022; 27:250-261. [PMID: 35819298 DOI: 10.1080/10810730.2022.2097344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The Contradictory Health Information Processing (CHIP) model explains individuals' processing of conflicting health claims. Tests of the model, while highly supportive, have been experimental and have relied upon low-familiar topics. Accordingly, a survey of parents with a child aged <12 years (N = 510) was conducted to test the application of the CHIP model to the controversial issue of childhood COVID-19 vaccination; such a vaccine had not yet been approved for this age group at the time of the survey. As hypothesized, reliance upon conservative news was associated with the perception that media information contradicted official guidance to vaccinate children, which led to issue uncertainty. Issue uncertainty prompted negative appraisals and decision uncertainty. Specifically, decision uncertainty partially mediated the effect of issue uncertainty on negative appraisals of vaccination, which in turn aroused threat emotions. However, threat emotions did not predict information-seeking, as specified in the model. This result may have been due to respondents having already decided to vaccinate their child, or not - a reflection of the partisan nature of the topic and the extensive coverage it had received. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thais M Zimbres
- Department of Communication, University of California, Davis
| | - Jeanette B Ruiz
- Department of Communication, University of California, Davis
| | - Robert A Bell
- Department of Communication, University of California, Davis
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103
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Vaccinating to Protect Others: The Role of Self-Persuasion and Empathy among Young Adults. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10040553. [PMID: 35455302 PMCID: PMC9029351 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10040553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Direct persuasion is usually less effective than self-persuasion. As research shows that most young adults are unafraid of COVID-19, this study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of self-persuasion targeted at protecting the health of others to encourage young adults to be vaccinated against COVID-19 and examined the link between empathy and vaccination intention. We conducted two studies: Study 1 (n = 352) compared the effectiveness of self-persuasion targeted at others’ health versus personal health and direct persuasion in encouraging COVID-19 vaccination intention; Study 2 (n = 375) investigated the applicability of self-persuasion through a poster framed as an open-ended question. The theory of planned behavior-based tools were used in both studies, and structural equation modeling was conducted. Study 1 found that self-persuasion targeted at others’ health (compared to other forms of persuasion) indirectly affects vaccination intention through utility and social norm beliefs. Higher empathy, utility, social norms, and control beliefs are associated with a greater vaccination intention. Study 2 found that the poster with self-persuasion targeted at others’ health enhanced vaccination intention compared with a direct persuasion poster. Our findings demonstrate that self-persuasion targeted at others’ health can potentially increase COVID-19 vaccination uptake among young adults.
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104
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Individual Preferences for COVID-19 Vaccination under the China’s 2021 National Vaccination Policy: A Discrete Choice Experiment Study. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10040543. [PMID: 35455292 PMCID: PMC9028934 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10040543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Since China’s national vaccination policy announcement in January 2021, individual vaccination preferences related to vaccine characteristics, social relationships, sociodemographic characteristics and cognition remain opaque. This study aims to investigate vaccination preferences regarding these attributes, and to assess changes in individual vaccine preferences since the pre-2021 emergency vaccination phase. (2) Methods: The two-part questionnaire surveyed 849 individuals between May and June 2021 in Qingdao, China. The survey contained eight binary choice tasks that investigated preference trade-offs. Respondents’ sociodemographic characteristics, including age, sex, urban/rural residence, income, education and whether living with the young or old, were also collected. Conditional logit, mixed logit and latent class models were used to quantify preference utility and identify preference heterogeneity. (3) Results: Vaccine effectiveness, vaccine side effects, duration of protection and probability of infection all significantly affected vaccination utility. Preference heterogeneity based on individual social relationships and sociodemographic characteristics were also established. Marginal analysis showed that compared to the pre-2021 phase, individuals’ preferences had shifted towards vaccines with longer protection periods and better accessibility. (4) Conclusion: This study will inform the full rollout of China’s 2021 national vaccination program and provide valuable information for future vaccination policy design to meet resurgent COVID-19 risks.
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105
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Patwary MM, Alam MA, Bardhan M, Disha AS, Haque MZ, Billah SM, Kabir MP, Browning MHEM, Rahman MM, Parsa AD, Kabir R. COVID-19 Vaccine Acceptance among Low- and Lower-Middle-Income Countries: A Rapid Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:427. [PMID: 35335059 PMCID: PMC8950670 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10030427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Widespread vaccination against COVID-19 is critical for controlling the pandemic. Despite the development of safe and efficacious vaccinations, low-and lower-middle income countries (LMICs) continue to encounter barriers to care owing to inequitable access and vaccine apprehension. This study aimed to summarize the available data on COVID-19 vaccine acceptance rates and factors associated with acceptance in LMICs. A comprehensive search was performed in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science from inception through August 2021. Quality assessments of the included studies were carried out using the eight-item Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal tool for cross-sectional studies. We performed a meta-analysis to estimate pooled acceptance rates with 95% confidence intervals (CI). A total of 36 studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in the review. A total of 83,867 respondents from 33 countries were studied. Most of the studies were conducted in India (n = 9), Egypt (n = 6), Bangladesh (n = 4), or Nigeria (n = 4). The pooled-effect size of the COVID-19 vaccine acceptance rate was 58.5% (95% CI: 46.9, 69.7, I2 = 100%, 33 studies) and the pooled vaccine hesitancy rate was 38.2% (95% CI: 27.2-49.7, I2 = 100%, 32 studies). In country-specific sub-group analyses, India showed the highest rates of vaccine acceptancy (76.7%, 95% CI: 65.8-84.9%, I2= 98%), while Egypt showed the lowest rates of vaccine acceptancy (42.6%, 95% CI: 16.6-73.5%, I2= 98%). Being male and perceiving risk of COVID-19 infection were predictors for willingness to accept the vaccine. Increasing vaccine acceptance rates in the global south should be prioritized to advance global vaccination coverage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Mainuddin Patwary
- Environment and Sustainability Research Initiative, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh; (M.B.); (A.S.D.); (M.Z.H.); (S.M.B.); (M.P.K.)
- Environmental Science Discipline, Life Science School, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh
| | - Md Ashraful Alam
- Department of Global Health Policy, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan;
- Tokyo Foundation for Policy Research, Tokyo 106-6234, Japan
| | - Mondira Bardhan
- Environment and Sustainability Research Initiative, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh; (M.B.); (A.S.D.); (M.Z.H.); (S.M.B.); (M.P.K.)
- Environmental Science Discipline, Life Science School, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh
| | - Asma Safia Disha
- Environment and Sustainability Research Initiative, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh; (M.B.); (A.S.D.); (M.Z.H.); (S.M.B.); (M.P.K.)
- Environmental Science Discipline, Life Science School, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Zahidul Haque
- Environment and Sustainability Research Initiative, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh; (M.B.); (A.S.D.); (M.Z.H.); (S.M.B.); (M.P.K.)
- Environmental Science Discipline, Life Science School, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh
| | - Sharif Mutasim Billah
- Environment and Sustainability Research Initiative, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh; (M.B.); (A.S.D.); (M.Z.H.); (S.M.B.); (M.P.K.)
- Environmental Science Discipline, Life Science School, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh
| | - Md Pervez Kabir
- Environment and Sustainability Research Initiative, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh; (M.B.); (A.S.D.); (M.Z.H.); (S.M.B.); (M.P.K.)
- Environmental Science Discipline, Life Science School, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh
| | | | - Md. Mizanur Rahman
- Hitotsubashi Institute for Advanced Study, Hitotsubashi University, 2-1 Naka Kunitachi, Tokyo 186-8601, Japan;
| | - Ali Davod Parsa
- School of Allied Health, Faculty of Health, Education, Medicine and Social Care, Anglia Ruskin University, Chelmsford CM1 1SQ, UK; (A.D.P.); (R.K.)
| | - Russell Kabir
- School of Allied Health, Faculty of Health, Education, Medicine and Social Care, Anglia Ruskin University, Chelmsford CM1 1SQ, UK; (A.D.P.); (R.K.)
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Askarian M, Semenov A, Llopis F, Rubulotta F, Dragovac G, Pshenichnaya N, Assadian O, Ruch Y, Shayan Z, Padilla Fortunatti C, Lucey D, Almohaizeie A, Kamal AHM, Ogunshe A, Konkayev A, Beg A, Primerano E, Amer F, Kumari Pilli HP, Hung I, Ayoade F, Lefrant JY, Zajkowska J, Rello J, Kazi M, Taghrir MH, Blot S, Leib S, Hosseinpour P, Hosseinpour H, Erfani A, Borazjani R, Akbarialiabad H, Najafi M, Askarian A, Erdem H. The COVID-19 vaccination acceptance/hesitancy rate and its determinants among healthcare workers of 91 Countries: A multicenter cross-sectional study. EXCLI JOURNAL 2022; 21:93-103. [PMID: 35221837 PMCID: PMC8859647 DOI: 10.17179/excli2021-4439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the COVID-19 vaccination acceptance rate and its determinants among healthcare workers in a multicenter study. This was a cross-sectional multi-center survey conducted from February 5 to April 29, 2021. The questionnaire consisted of 26 items in 6 subscales. The English version of the questionnaire was translated into seven languages and distributed through Google Forms using snowball sampling; a colleague in each country was responsible for the forward and backward translation, and also the distribution of the questionnaire. A forward stepwise logistic regression was utilized to explore the variables and questionnaire factors tied to the intention to COVID-19 vaccination. 4630 participants from 91 countries completed the questionnaire. According to the United Nations Development Program 2020, 43.6 % of participants were from low Human Development Index (HDI) regions, 48.3 % high and very high, and 8.1 % from medium. The overall vaccination hesitancy rate was 37 %. Three out of six factors of the questionnaire were significantly related to intention to the vaccination. While 'Perceived benefits of the COVID-19 vaccination' (OR: 3.82, p-value<0.001) and 'Prosocial norms' (OR: 5.18, p-value<0.001) were associated with vaccination acceptance, 'The vaccine safety/cost concerns' with OR: 3.52, p-value<0.001 was tied to vaccination hesitancy. Medical doctors and pharmacists were more willing to take the vaccine in comparison to others. Importantly, HDI with OR: 12.28, 95 % CI: 6.10-24.72 was a strong positive determinant of COVID-19 vaccination acceptance. This study highlighted the vaccination hesitancy rate of 37 % in our sample among HCWs. Increasing awareness regarding vaccination benefits, confronting the misinformation, and strengthening the prosocial norms would be the primary domains for maximizing the vaccination coverage. The study also showed that the HDI is strongly associated with the vaccination acceptance/hesitancy, in a way that those living in low HDI contexts are more hesitant to receive the vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrdad Askarian
- Department of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Health Behavior Science Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz
| | - Aleksandr Semenov
- Ekaterinburg Research Institute of Viral Infections SRC VB Vector, Ekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Ferran Llopis
- Emergency Department. Bellvitge University Hospital, l'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francesca Rubulotta
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Charing Cross Hospital, Imperial College, NHS Trust London, UK
| | - Gorana Dragovac
- Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Serbia; Center of Disease Prevention and Control, Institute of Public Health of Vojvodina, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Natalia Pshenichnaya
- Clinical Department of Infectious Pathology, Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Ojan Assadian
- Regional Hospital Wiener Neustadt, Austria; Institute of Skin Integrity and Infection Prevention, University of Huddersfield, UK
| | - Yvon Ruch
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Strasbourg University Hospital, Strasbourg, France
| | - Zahra Shayan
- Trauma Research Center, Department of Biostatistics, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Daniel Lucey
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Abdullah Almohaizeie
- King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Alfaisal University Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abu Hena Mostafa Kamal
- Department of Anaesthesiology & ICU, Rajshahi Medical College Hospital, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Adenike Ogunshe
- Applied Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, University of Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - Aidos Konkayev
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Astana Medical University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan; National Centre of Traumatology and Orthopedia named by Batpenov, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
| | - Asim Beg
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Enzo Primerano
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Polyclinic of Monza, Monza, Italy
| | - Fatma Amer
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Hema Prakash Kumari Pilli
- Department of Microbiology, GITAM Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, GITAM , Deemed to be University, Visakhapatnam, India
| | - Ivan Hung
- Department of Infectious Diseases; Gastroenterology & Hepatology, The University of Hong Kong
| | - Folusakin Ayoade
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Jean Yves Lefrant
- Department of Anaesthesia, Critical Care Emergency and Pain Medicine, University Hospital of Nimes, Montpellier University, Nimes, France
| | - Joanna Zajkowska
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Neuroinfections, Medical University in Biaøystok, Poland
| | - Jordi Rello
- CRIPS, Vall Hebron Institute of Research (VHIR) & CHRU Nimes, Nimes, France
| | - Momin Kazi
- Research Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Mohammad Hossein Taghrir
- Trauma Research Center, Shahid Rajaee (Emtiaz) Trauma Hospital, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Stijn Blot
- Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Stephen Leib
- Institute for Infectious Diseases, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Parisa Hosseinpour
- School of Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Kazeroun branch, Kazeroun, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Hosseinpour
- Department of Surgery, Shiraz Laparoscopic Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Erfani
- Thoracic and Vascular Surgery Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Roham Borazjani
- Trauma Research Center, Shahid Rajaee (Emtiaz) Trauma Hospital, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Masoud Najafi
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ardalan Askarian
- Student, College of Arts & Science, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
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Tolia V, Renin Singh R, Deshpande S, Dave A, Rathod RM. Understanding Factors to COVID-19 Vaccine Adoption in Gujarat, India. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:2707. [PMID: 35270399 PMCID: PMC8909936 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19052707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has posed threats to human life across the globe, including India. Vaccinating is an effective means of addressing the pandemic threat. The government of India has implemented a massive vaccination drive to save its citizens from the deadly virus. However, the effort has faced multiple challenges, including vaccine hesitancy. This research understands respondents' perspectives on factors contributing to the lower vaccination uptake in Gujarat, India. Forty-four semi-structured interviews were conducted through convenience sampling representing different demographic backgrounds. Factors influencing vaccine adoption included religious leadership, political leadership and the government, and fear of side effects, especially among children and those with co-morbidities, resulting primarily from fake news and misinformation circulated through social media. Compared with nine countries from across the world, the study found similarities to vaccine hesitancy from misinformation and the fear of side effects among children. In contrast, the role of government and the influence of religious and political leaders was considered positive. The study recommends strategies to overcome people's apprehensions about the adoption of vaccination. These include offering incentives, providing positive peer-to-peer communication, recruiting influencers such as religious and community leaders and early adopters such as the elderly population to endorse vaccination, targeting youth through social media, and reaching rural sections by involving NGOs and social service groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viral Tolia
- Post Graduate Department of Business Management, Sardar Patel University, Anand 388120, Gujarat, India; (V.T.); (R.M.R.)
| | | | - Sameer Deshpande
- Social Marketing @ Griffith, Griffith Business School, Nathan Campus, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia
| | - Anupama Dave
- School of Business and Law, Navrachana University, Vadodara 391410, Gujarat, India;
| | - Raju M. Rathod
- Post Graduate Department of Business Management, Sardar Patel University, Anand 388120, Gujarat, India; (V.T.); (R.M.R.)
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108
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Huynh G, Nguyen HTN, Van Tran K, Le An P, Tran TD. Determinants of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among parents in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. Postgrad Med 2022; 134:303-308. [DOI: 10.1080/00325481.2022.2044142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Giao Huynh
- Faculty of Public Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Han Thi Ngoc Nguyen
- Infection Control Department, University Medical Center Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Khanh Van Tran
- Department of Scientific Research, District 2 Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Pham Le An
- Family Medicine Training Center, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Tuan Diep Tran
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
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109
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Norhayati MN, Che Yusof R, Azman YM. Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of COVID-19 Vaccination Acceptance. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 8:783982. [PMID: 35155467 PMCID: PMC8828741 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.783982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Vaccination is an essential intervention to curb the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. This review aimed to estimate the pooled proportion of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance worldwide. METHODS A systematic search of the MEDLINE (PubMed) database using "COVID-19," "vaccine" and "acceptance" to obtain original research articles published between 2020 and July 2021. Only studies with full text and that were published in English were included. The Joanna Briggs Institute meta-analysis was used to assess the data quality. The meta-analysis was performed using generic inverse variance with a random-effects model using the Review Manager software. RESULTS A total of 172 studies across 50 countries worldwide were included. Subgroup analyses were performed with regard to vaccine acceptance, regions, population, gender, vaccine effectiveness, and survey time. The pooled proportion of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance was 61% (95% CI: 59, 64). It was higher in Southeast Asia, among healthcare workers, in males, for vaccines with 95% effectiveness, and during the first survey. CONCLUSION COVID-19 vaccine acceptance needs to be increased to achieve herd immunity to protect the population from the disease. It is crucial to enhance public awareness of COVID-19 vaccination and improve access to vaccines. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION PROSPERO 2021, identifier CRD42021268645.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Noor Norhayati
- Department of Family Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia
| | - Ruhana Che Yusof
- Department of Family Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia
| | - Yacob Mohd Azman
- Medical Practice Division, Ministry of Health, Federal Government Administrative Centre, Putrajaya, Malaysia
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110
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Santirocchi A, Spataro P, Costanzi M, Doricchi F, Rossi-Arnaud C, Cestari V. Predictors of the Intention to Be Vaccinated against COVID-19 in a Sample of Italian Respondents at the Start of the Immunization Campaign. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12010111. [PMID: 35055426 PMCID: PMC8780740 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12010111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 vaccines are the most promising means of limiting the pandemic. The present study aims at determining the roles of several psychological variables in predicting vaccination intention in Italy. An online questionnaire was disseminated between 9 March and 9 May 2021. The sample included 971 participants. Results showed that most of the participants were willing to vaccinate. Acceptance rates were correlated with age, marital status, and area of residence. Intention to be vaccinated was positively correlated with perceived risk, pro-sociality, fear of COVID-19, use of preventive behaviors, and trust in government, in science, and in medical professionals. Intention to be vaccinated was negatively associated with belief in misinformation. The degree of acceptance is likely to be a result of the campaign tailored to address people’s negative attitudes towards vaccines. Trust in government and trust in science were among the strongest psychological predictors of vaccination intention. Fear of COVID-19, but not perceived risk, was associated with increased vaccine uptake, suggesting that the affective component of risk perception was more important than the cognitive component in predicting participants’ behaviors. Belief in misinformation was associated with reduced vaccination intention. Future studies will take into consideration these variables, to better understand the multifaceted process underlying vaccination intention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Santirocchi
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University, 00185 Rome, Italy; (A.S.); (F.D.); (C.R.-A.)
| | - Pietro Spataro
- Department of Economy, Universitas Mercatorum, 00100 Rome, Italy;
| | - Marco Costanzi
- Department of Human Sciences, Lumsa University, 00193 Rome, Italy;
| | - Fabrizio Doricchi
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University, 00185 Rome, Italy; (A.S.); (F.D.); (C.R.-A.)
| | - Clelia Rossi-Arnaud
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University, 00185 Rome, Italy; (A.S.); (F.D.); (C.R.-A.)
| | - Vincenzo Cestari
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University, 00185 Rome, Italy; (A.S.); (F.D.); (C.R.-A.)
- Correspondence:
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111
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Sallam M, Al-Sanafi M, Sallam M. A Global Map of COVID-19 Vaccine Acceptance Rates per Country: An Updated Concise Narrative Review. J Multidiscip Healthc 2022; 15:21-45. [PMID: 35046661 PMCID: PMC8760993 DOI: 10.2147/jmdh.s347669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 72.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The delay or refusal of vaccination, which defines vaccine hesitancy, is a major challenge to successful control of COVID-19 epidemic. The huge number of publications addressing COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy necessitates periodic review to provide a concise summary of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance rates worldwide. In the current narrative review, data on COVID-19 vaccine acceptance rates were retrieved from surveys in 114 countries/territories. In East and Southern Africa (n = 9), the highest COVID-19 vaccine acceptance rate was reported in Ethiopia (92%), while the lowest rate was reported in Zimbabwe (50%). In West/Central Africa (n = 13), the highest rate was reported in Niger (93%), while the lowest rate was reported in Cameroon (15%). In Asia and the Pacific (n = 16), the highest rates were reported in Nepal and Vietnam (97%), while the lowest rate was reported in Hong Kong (42%). In Eastern Europe/Central Asia (n = 7), the highest rates were reported in Montenegro (69%) and Kazakhstan (64%), while the lowest rate was reported in Russia (30%). In Latin America and the Caribbean (n = 20), the highest rate was reported in Mexico (88%), while the lowest rate was reported in Haiti (43%). In the Middle East/North Africa (MENA, n = 22), the highest rate was reported in Tunisia (92%), while the lowest rate was reported in Iraq (13%). In Western/Central Europe and North America (n = 27), the highest rates were reported in Canada (91%) and Norway (89%), while the lowest rates were reported in Cyprus and Portugal (35%). COVID-19 vaccine acceptance rates ≥60% were seen in 72/114 countries/territories, compared to 42 countries/territories with rates between 13% and 59%. The phenomenon of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy appeared more pronounced in the MENA, Europe and Central Asia, and Western/Central Africa. More studies are recommended in Africa, Eastern Europe and Central Asia to address intentions of the general public to get COVID-19 vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malik Sallam
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, the University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
- Department of Clinical Laboratories and Forensic Medicine, Jordan University Hospital, Amman, Jordan
- Department of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Mariam Al-Sanafi
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Public Authority for Applied Education and Training, College of Health Sciences, Safat, Kuwait
| | - Mohammed Sallam
- Department of Pharmacy, Mediclinic Welcare Hospital, Mediclinic Middle East, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
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112
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Caserotti M, Gavaruzzi T, Girardi P, Tasso A, Buizza C, Candini V, Zarbo C, Chiarotti F, Brescianini S, Calamandrei G, Starace F, de Girolamo G, Lotto L. Who is likely to vacillate in their COVID-19 vaccination decision? Free-riding intention and post-positive reluctance. Prev Med 2022; 154:106885. [PMID: 34774880 PMCID: PMC8585567 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2021.106885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Despite the actual availability of COVID-19 vaccines to combat the pandemic, many people are still vacillating in their decision to vaccinate. In this study, we considered the effect of two relevant contextual issues on vaccination intention: the number of people infected with COVID-19 is increasing, and the pace of vaccination is gaining speed. Specifically, we hypothesized that having already contracted SARS-CoV-2 (post-positive reluctance) could lead people to underestimate the importance of vaccination. Moreover, as the number of vaccinated people increases, more hesitant people could fall into the free-riding intention category, benefitting from the immunity provided by others' vaccinations. Vaccine hesitancy becomes more critical as the vaccination campaign proceeds: at one point, it will be inevitable to deal with hesitant people. This study is part of a WHO Regional Office for Europe project and involved a representative sample of 5006 Italians interviewed in January-February 2021. In case of post-positive reluctance, both young age and female gender increase vaccine hesitancy, while a high level of education reduces free-riding intention. Considering post-positive reluctance and free riding, a protective effect on hesitancy is associated with negative affective states, adherence to protective behaviors, trust in health information sources, and resilience. In contrast, increased vaccine hesitancy is associated with a high level of conspiracy-mindedness and trust in media information sources. Recognizing and studying the post-positive reluctance and the phenomenon of free-riding people can help us to become more efficient in combatting the virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Caserotti
- Department of Developmental Psychology and Socialization, University of Padova, Italy, via Venezia 8, 35131 Padova, Italy.
| | - Teresa Gavaruzzi
- Department of Developmental Psychology and Socialization, University of Padova, Italy, via Venezia 8, 35131 Padova, Italy.
| | - Paolo Girardi
- Department of Developmental Psychology and Socialization, University of Padova, Italy, via Venezia 8, 35131 Padova, Italy; Department of Statistical Sciences, University of Padova, Italy, Via Cesare Battisti 241, 35121 Padova, Italy.
| | - Alessandra Tasso
- Department of Humanities, University of Ferrara, Italy, via Paradiso 12, 44121 Ferrara, Italy.
| | - Chiara Buizza
- IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Unit of Epidemiological Psychiatry and Evaluation, Italy
| | - Valentina Candini
- IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Unit of Epidemiological Psychiatry and Evaluation, Via Pilastroni 4, Brescia 25125, Italy.
| | - Cristina Zarbo
- IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Unit of Epidemiological Psychiatry and Evaluation, Via Pilastroni 4, Brescia 25125, Italy.
| | - Flavia Chiarotti
- Centre for Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena, 299-00161 Rome, Italy.
| | - Sonia Brescianini
- Centre for Behavioral Science and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 266, 00161 Rome, Italy.
| | - Gemma Calamandrei
- Centre for Behavioral Science and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 266, 00161 Rome, Italy.
| | | | - Giovanni de Girolamo
- IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Via Pilastroni 4, 25125 Brescia, Italy.
| | - Lorella Lotto
- Department of Developmental Psychology and Socialization, University of Padova, Italy, via Venezia 8, 35131 Padova, Italy.
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113
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Benham JL, Atabati O, Oxoby RJ, Mourali M, Shaffer B, Sheikh H, Boucher JC, Constantinescu C, Parsons Leigh J, Ivers NM, Ratzan SC, Fullerton MM, Tang T, Manns BJ, Marshall DA, Hu J, Lang R. COVID-19 Vaccine-Related Attitudes and Beliefs in Canada: National Cross-sectional Survey and Cluster Analysis. JMIR Public Health Surveill 2021; 7:e30424. [PMID: 34779784 PMCID: PMC8709417 DOI: 10.2196/30424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background There are concerns that vaccine hesitancy may impede COVID-19 vaccine rollout and prevent the achievement of herd immunity. Vaccine hesitancy is a delay in acceptance or refusal of vaccines despite their availability. Objective We aimed to identify which people are more and less likely to take a COVID-19 vaccine and factors associated with vaccine hesitancy to inform public health messaging. Methods A Canadian cross-sectional survey was conducted in Canada in October and November 2020, prior to the regulatory approval of the COVID-19 vaccines. Vaccine hesitancy was measured by respondents answering the question “what would you do if a COVID-19 vaccine were available to you?” Negative binomial regression was used to identify the factors associated with vaccine hesitancy. Cluster analysis was performed to identify distinct clusters based on intention to take a COVID-19 vaccine, beliefs about COVID-19 and COVID-19 vaccines, and adherence to nonpharmaceutical interventions. Results Of 4498 participants, 2876 (63.9%) reported COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. Vaccine hesitancy was significantly associated with (1) younger age (18-39 years), (2) lower education, and (3) non-Liberal political leaning. Participants that reported vaccine hesitancy were less likely to believe that a COVID-19 vaccine would end the pandemic or that the benefits of a COVID-19 vaccine outweighed the risks. Individuals with vaccine hesitancy had higher prevalence of being concerned about vaccine side effects, lower prevalence of being influenced by peers or health care professionals, and lower prevalence of trust in government institutions. Conclusions These findings can be used to inform targeted public health messaging to combat vaccine hesitancy as COVID-19 vaccine administration continues. Messaging related to preventing COVID among friends and family, highlighting the benefits, emphasizing safety and efficacy of COVID-19 vaccination, and ensuring that health care workers are knowledgeable and supported in their vaccination counselling may be effective for vaccine-hesitant populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie L Benham
- Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Omid Atabati
- Department of Economics, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Robert J Oxoby
- Department of Economics, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Mehdi Mourali
- Haskayne School of Business, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Blake Shaffer
- Department of Economics, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Hasan Sheikh
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jean-Christophe Boucher
- School of Public Policy and Department of Political Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Cora Constantinescu
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | | | - Noah M Ivers
- Institute for Health System Solutions and Virtual Care, Women's College Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Scott C Ratzan
- School of Public Health and Health Policy, City University of New York, New York, NY, United States
| | - Madison M Fullerton
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Theresa Tang
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Braden J Manns
- Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Deborah A Marshall
- Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Jia Hu
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Raynell Lang
- Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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114
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Al-Ayyadhi N, Ramadan MM, Al-Tayar E, Al-Mathkouri R, Al-Awadhi S. Determinants of Hesitancy Towards COVID-19 Vaccines in State of Kuwait: An Exploratory Internet-Based Survey. Risk Manag Healthc Policy 2021; 14:4967-4981. [PMID: 34934372 PMCID: PMC8684437 DOI: 10.2147/rmhp.s338520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has wrought havoc upon healthcare and economic systems worldwide. COVID-19 vaccines considered a beacon of hope for normal life to return. We wished to understand the willingness of people in Kuwait to be vaccinated against COVID-19. METHODS An online, exploratory, cross-sectional study was conducted on 16-18 January 2021 using a validated structured questionnaire to collect data from adults aged 18 years or older living in Kuwait by applying a "snowball sampling" method. RESULTS A total of 7274 people received an online link of the survey on their smartphone or computer, and 6943 people enrolled in this study (95.4%). Kuwaiti nationals represented 79.7% of the study cohort, 54.8% were aged ≥40 years, and 66.7% were females. Hesitancy against a COVID-19 vaccine was remarkably high (74.3%), with 50.8% not planning to take it and 23.5% not sure about taking it. The overall mean perception score was 3.4 ± 2.8, with 66.8% having a negative attitude towards a COVID-19 vaccine. Multiple logistic regression analysis of the factors affecting the decision to take a COVID-19 vaccine was done. The decision to take a COVID-19 vaccine was significantly positively associated with younger age (OR = 1.219), being male (2.169), having a higher education level (1.362), vaccinated against seasonal influenza previously (2.706), being a non-Kuwaiti (1.329), being a healthcare worker (1.366), and working in the private sector (1.228). Options to encourage future COVID-19 vaccination were more studies showing the vaccine to be safe and efficacious (68.6%), physician recommendation (41.8%), mandatory travel requirements (39.8%), if a family or friend vaccinated (34.9%) and compulsory by government (33.1%) or for employment (29.8%). CONCLUSION Our data suggest that considerable vaccine hesitancy persists despite the widespread availability of highly efficacious and safe COVID-19 vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Najla Al-Ayyadhi
- Public Health Specialist, Directorate of Public Health, Ministry of Health, Kuwait City, State of Kuwait
| | - Marwa Mohsen Ramadan
- Lecturer of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Eman Al-Tayar
- Public Health Physician, Directorate of Public Health, Ministry of Health, Kuwait City, State of Kuwait
| | - Radhia Al-Mathkouri
- Public Health Physician, Directorate of Public Health, Ministry of Health, Kuwait City, State of Kuwait
| | - Shaimaa Al-Awadhi
- Public Health Physician, Directorate of Public Health, Ministry of Health, Kuwait City, State of Kuwait
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115
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Wang J, Yuan B, Lu X, Liu X, Li L, Geng S, Zhang H, Lai X, Lyu Y, Feng H, Jing R, Guo J, Huang Y, Liang X, Yu W, Fang H. Willingness to accept COVID-19 vaccine among the elderly and the chronic disease population in China. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2021; 17:4873-4888. [PMID: 34906026 PMCID: PMC8903911 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2021.2009290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A cross-sectional field survey was conducted from November 2020 to January 2021 among 7259 participants to investigate the public perception, willingness, and information sources for COVID-19 vaccination, with the focus on the elderly and non-communicable chronic disease (NCD) population. Multiple logistic regressions were performed to identify associated factors of the vaccination willingness. The willingness rate of the elderly to accept the future COVID-19 vaccine (79.08%) was lower than that of the adults aged 18-59 (84.75%). The multiple analysis didn't identify significant relationship between NCD status and the vaccination intention. The main reasons for vaccine hesitancy by the public were: concern for vaccine safety, low infection risk, waiting and seeing others getting vaccinated, concern of vaccine effectiveness and price. Their relative importance differed between adults aged 18-59 and the elderly, and between adults aged 18-59 with or without NCD. Perception for vaccination importance, vaccine confidence, and trust in health workers were significant predictors of the vaccination intention in both age groups. The elderly who perceived high infection risk or had trust in governments were more likely to accept the vaccine. Compared with the adults aged 18-59, the elderly used fewer sources for COVID-19 vaccination information and more trusted in traditional media and family, relatives, and friends for getting vaccination recommendations. To promote vaccine uptake, the vaccination campaigns require comprehensive interventions to improve vaccination attitude, vaccine accessibility and affordability, and tailor strategies to address specific concerns among different population groups and conducted via their trusted sources, especially for the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahao Wang
- School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
- China Center for Health Development Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Beibei Yuan
- China Center for Health Development Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xinran Lu
- School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoxue Liu
- Jinan Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Li Li
- National Immunization Program, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Shufan Geng
- National Immunization Program, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Haijun Zhang
- School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
- China Center for Health Development Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaozhen Lai
- School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
- China Center for Health Development Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yun Lyu
- School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
- China Center for Health Development Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Huangyufei Feng
- School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
- China Center for Health Development Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Rize Jing
- School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
- China Center for Health Development Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jia Guo
- School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
- China Center for Health Development Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | | | - Xun Liang
- School of Information, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Wenzhou Yu
- National Immunization Program, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Hai Fang
- China Center for Health Development Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Peking University Health Science Center-Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention Joint Center for Vaccine Economics, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health National Health Commission of the People’s Republic of China, Beijing, China
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116
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Paschoalotto MAC, Costa EPPA, Almeida SVD, Cima J, Costa JGD, Santos JV, Barros PP, Passador CS, Passador JL. Running away from the jab: factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in Brazil. Rev Saude Publica 2021; 55:97. [PMID: 34852168 PMCID: PMC8639140 DOI: 10.11606/s1518-8787.2021055003903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To investigate how sociodemographic conditions, political factors, organizational confidence, and non-pharmaceutical interventions compliance affect the COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in Brazil. METHODS: Data collection took place between November 25th, 2020 and January 11th, 2021 using a nationwide online survey. Subsequently, the researches performed a descriptive analysis on the main variables and used logistic regression models to investigate the factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. RESULTS: Less concern over vaccine side effects could improve the willingness to be vaccinated (probability changed by 7.7 pp; p < 0.10). The current vaccine distrust espoused by the Brazilian president is associated with vaccine hesitancy, among his voter base. Lower performance perception (“Very Bad” with 10.7 pp; p < 0.01) or higher political opposition (left-oriented) regarding the current presidency is associated with the willingness to be vaccinated. Higher compliance with non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) is usually positively associated with the willingness to take the COVID-19 vaccine (+1 score to NPI compliance index is associated with higher willingness to be vaccinated by 1.4 pp, p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Willingness to be vaccinated is strongly associated with political leaning, perceived federal government performance, vaccine side effects, and compliance with non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sara Valente de Almeida
- Universidade NOVA de Lisboa. Nova School of Business and Economics. Carcavelos, Portugal.,Imperial College London. Faculty of Health Sciences. London, England
| | - Joana Cima
- Universidade do Minho. Núcleo de Investigação em Políticas Económicas e Empresariais. Braga, Portugal
| | | | - João Vasco Santos
- Universidade do Porto. Faculdade de Medicina. MEDCIDS - Departamento Medicina da Comunidade, Informação e Decisão em Saúde. Porto, Portugal.,Universidade do Porto. Faculdade de Medicina. Centro de Investigação em Tecnologias e Serviços de Saúde. Porto, Portugal.,ARS Norte. ACES Grande Porto VIII - Espinho/Gaia. Unidade de Saúde Pública. Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal
| | - Pedro Pita Barros
- Universidade NOVA de Lisboa. Nova School of Business and Economics. Carcavelos, Portugal
| | - Claudia Souza Passador
- Universidade de São Paulo. Faculdade de Economia, Administração e Contabilidade de Ribeirão Preto. Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - João Luiz Passador
- Universidade de São Paulo. Faculdade de Economia, Administração e Contabilidade de Ribeirão Preto. Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brasil
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117
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Veronese N, Saccaro C, Demurtas J, Smith L, Dominguez LJ, Maggi S, Barbagallo M. Prevalence of unwillingness and uncertainty to vaccinate against COVID-19 in older people: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Ageing Res Rev 2021; 72:101489. [PMID: 34662744 PMCID: PMC8516660 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2021.101489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been shown to have more severe health outcomes in older people specifically in relation to mortality and disability. Vaccination seems to be efficacious and safe for preventing the negative consequences of COVID-19, but vaccine hesitancy seems to be high in older adults. We therefore aimed to investigate the prevalence of unwillingness and the uncertainty to vaccinate against COVID-19 in older people and the factors that can be associated with the unwillingness to vaccinate. For this work, we searched several databases until 18th June 2021 for studies reporting the prevalence of unwillingness and the uncertainty to vaccinate against COVID-19 in people aged >60 years. A meta-analysis of the prevalence, with the correspondent 95% confidence intervals (CIs), was proposed. Factors that can be associated with the unwillingness to vaccinate against COVID-19 were explored through multivariable analyses and reported as odds ratios (ORs). Among 662 papers initially screened, we included 15 studies for a total of 9753 older adults. The prevalence of unwillingness to vaccinate against COVID-19 in older people was 27.03% (95%CI: 15.10-38.95%), whilst the correspondent figure of uncertainty was 19.33% (95%CI: 12.28-26.39). The risk of being unvaccinated was significantly higher in Hispanics (OR=1.197; 95%CI: 1.010-1.418) and in case of low education (OR=1.678; 95%CI: 1.170-2.408) and low income (OR=1.287; 95%CI: 1.127-1.469). In conclusion, the hesitancy for COVID-19 vaccination is a relevant problem in older people, particularly in those with a low income, a low level of education, and in Hispanics living in the United States.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Veronese
- Geriatric Unit, Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy; College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Carlo Saccaro
- Geriatric Unit, Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Jacopo Demurtas
- Clinical and Experimental Medicine PhD Program, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Modena - Azienda USL Sud Est Toscana, Grosseto, Italy
| | - Lee Smith
- Centre for Health, Performance and Wellbeing, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Stefania Maggi
- Aging Branch, Neuroscience Institute, National Research Council, Padua, Italy
| | - Mario Barbagallo
- Geriatric Unit, Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
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118
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Knowledge, Attitude, Practice and Acceptance of COVID-19 Vaccine among Elderly in Chiang Mai, Thailand. JOURNAL OF EDUCATION AND COMMUNITY HEALTH 2021. [DOI: 10.52547/jech.8.4.245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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119
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Brailovskaia J, Schneider S, Margraf J. To vaccinate or not to vaccinate!? Predictors of willingness to receive Covid-19 vaccination in Europe, the U.S., and China. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0260230. [PMID: 34851986 PMCID: PMC8635370 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0260230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Researcher teams around the globe including the "Project Lightspeed" are intensively working on vaccines to fight the Covid-19 pandemic. However, the availability of effective vaccines does not guarantee the vaccination willingness among the population. In spring 2021, we investigated the vaccination willingness and its potential predictors in representative online samples in nine countries (China, France, Germany, Poland, Russia, Spain, Sweden, U.K., U.S.). Of the 9,264 participants, 79.9% revealed Covid-19 vaccination willingness. The highest willingness was in the U.K., followed by Spain and China, the lowest in Russia. In most countries, the perception of governmental Covid-19 measures as useful and the use of television reports as Covid-19 information source positively predicted the willingness. Further factors such as demographic variables, mental and physical health status, evaluation of governmental communication, social media use, and general adherence to Covid-19 measures showed a country-specific predictive pattern. Recommendations how to increase the vaccination willingness are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Brailovskaia
- Mental Health Research and Treatment Center, Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Silvia Schneider
- Mental Health Research and Treatment Center, Department of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Jürgen Margraf
- Mental Health Research and Treatment Center, Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany
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120
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Moola S, Gudi N, Nambiar D, Dumka N, Ahmed T, Sonawane IR, Kotwal A. A rapid review of evidence on the determinants of and strategies for COVID-19 vaccine acceptance in low- and middle-income countries. J Glob Health 2021; 11:05027. [PMID: 34912550 PMCID: PMC8645216 DOI: 10.7189/jogh.11.05027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vaccine acceptance and hesitancy among the general population and health care workers play an important role in successfully controlling the Coronavirus Disease (COVID)-19 pandemic. While there is evidence for vaccine hesitancy across the globe, wide variation in factors influencing vaccine acceptance has been reported, mainly from High-Income Countries (HIC). However, the evidence from Low- and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs) remains unclear. The objective of this review was to describe the determinants of vaccine acceptance and strategies to address those in an LMIC context. METHODS The World Health Organization's (WHO) Measuring Behavioral and Social Drivers of Vaccination (BeSD) Increasing Vaccination Model was employed to identify factors that influenced vaccine acceptance. All evidence related to supply-side and demand-side determinants and social and health system processes were examined. A comprehensive search for published literature was conducted in three databases and grey literature in relevant websites of government, multinational agencies, and COVID-19 resource aggregators, followed by a narrative synthesis. RESULTS Overall, the results showed that the vaccine acceptance rates differed across LMICs, with a wide variety of reasons cited for vaccine hesitancy. Vaccine acceptance was reportedly greater among males, those with higher education, elevated socio-economic status, the unmarried, those employed as health care workers. Evidence suggested that exposure to misinformation about COVID-19 vaccines and public concerns over the safety of vaccines may contribute to lower acceptance rates. Strategies to increase vaccine acceptance rates included direct engagement with communities through influencers, including community leaders and health experts; clear and transparent communication about COVID-19 vaccines, financial and non-financial incentives; and strong endorsement from health care workers. Trust in government was identified as a significant enabler of vaccine acceptance. CONCLUSIONS There is a need for measures to address public acceptability, trust and concern over the safety and benefit of approved vaccines. Local context is essential to consider while developing programs to promote vaccine uptake. The governments worldwide also need to strategize to develop plans to address the anxiety and vaccine related concerns of community regarding vaccine hesitancy. There is a need for further research to evaluate strategies to address vaccine hesitancy in LMIC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep Moola
- George Institute for Global Health, Hyderabad, India
| | | | | | - Neha Dumka
- The National Health Systems Resource Centre, New Delhi, India
| | - Tarannum Ahmed
- The National Health Systems Resource Centre, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Atul Kotwal
- The National Health Systems Resource Centre, New Delhi, India
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Hussain S, Ali F, Salahuddin N, Karim M, Naz S, Khawaja RA, Rifaz S. Perceptions Regarding COVID-19 Vaccination Among a Representative Pakistani Population Coming to Tertiary Care Cardiac Hospital. Cureus 2021; 13:e18654. [PMID: 34790440 PMCID: PMC8583356 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.18654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The deleterious effects caused by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection have been compounded by COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy throughout the world, including Pakistan. We are lacking representative national data regarding the COVID-19 vaccine acceptance. This study aims to determine COVID-19 vaccination acceptance rates and predictors of its acceptance and hesitancy among a representative Pakistani population. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at the National Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Karachi, from March 2021 to April 2021. Participants included patients, and their attendants visiting the outpatient clinics and healthcare workers of the institute. Participants were labeled as ‘acceptant’ or ‘hesitant’ based on their responses of ‘yes’ or ‘no’ and ‘not sure’ on the willingness to get vaccinated, respectively. The Chi-square test was used to calculate the significant association between different variables. A p-value ≤0.05 was set as a level of significance for all statistical analyses. Results: Overall, 1500 participants were enrolled with a vaccine acceptance rate of only 49%. Factors like male gender, unmarried and employed status, higher education, high socioeconomic class, Punjabi and Sindhi ethnicity, medical professional, and self or family exposure of COVID-19 were positively related to COVID-19 vaccine acceptance. The commonest stated reason for the vaccine hesitancy was distrust in vaccine efficacy or fear of vaccine adverse effects. Conclusion: Vaccine hesitancy remains a serious challenge in our population, related to multiple demographic and thought factors. Focused actions and modification of these factors are the keys to conclude this COVID pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saba Hussain
- Non-invasive Imaging, National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Karachi, PAK
| | - Farheen Ali
- Infectious Disease, National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Karachi, PAK
| | - Nawal Salahuddin
- Adult Critical Care Medicine, National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Karachi, PAK
| | - Musa Karim
- Statistics, National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Karachi, PAK
| | - Shakeela Naz
- Cardiology, National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Karachi, PAK
| | - Rizwan A Khawaja
- Cardiology, National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Karachi, PAK
| | - Sadaf Rifaz
- Cardiology, National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Karachi, PAK
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Contoli B, Possenti V, Minardi V, Binkin NJ, Ramigni M, Carrozzi G, Masocco M. What Is the Willingness to Receive Vaccination Against COVID-19 Among the Elderly in Italy? Data From the PASSI d'Argento Surveillance System. Front Public Health 2021; 9:736976. [PMID: 34805065 PMCID: PMC8602068 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.736976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Italy was one of the earliest countries to experience a severe COVID-19 epidemic and vaccinating the elderly, who constitute 23% of the population and have experienced the highest mortality rates, is a top priority. Estimating prevalences and understanding risk factors for COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy or refusal are important for development of targeted interventions. Methods: We used data from a specially developed COVID-19 module of PASSI D'Argento, an ongoing surveillance system of residents 65+ years of age to measure the prevalence and identify risk factors for hesitancy and refusal to receive the COVID-19 vaccine. We calculated multinomial regression relative risk ratios to examine the association between demographic characteristics, health status, COVID-19 attitudes and experiences and likely vaccine hesitancy and refusal. Results: Of the 1876 respondents, 55% reported they would accept vaccination and 16% would likely refuse; the remaining 29% were categorized as hesitant. Compared with the acceptance group, we identified several risk factors in common between the hesitancy group and the refusal group, including not having received vaccination against influenza during the previous flu season (hesitancy: RRR = 2.0; 95% CI 1.4-2.9; refusal: RRR = 12.1; 95%CI 7.6-19.4) and lower risk of having had a death from COVID-19 among family or friends (hesitancy: RRR = 4.8; 95%CI 2.0-11.4; refusal: RRR = 15.4; 95%CI 3.7-64.5). The hesitancy group was significantly more likely being worried and they did not know if consequences of the disease would be serious for them. Conclusion: Our findings show the importance of establishing and maintaining active contact between the preventive services, primary care providers and the population because trust is difficult to establish during an emergency like the COVID-19 pandemic. Italian public health is based on a capillary network of general practitioners and having them reach out to their patients who have not previously received influenza vaccine may be a useful strategy for targeting efforts to further encourage uptake of COVID-19 vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedetta Contoli
- National Center for Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Italian National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Possenti
- National Center for Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Italian National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Minardi
- National Center for Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Italian National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy
| | - Nancy J. Binkin
- Wertheim School of Public Health, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Mauro Ramigni
- Prevention Department, Local Health Authority 2, Treviso, Italy
| | - Giuliano Carrozzi
- Department of Public Health, Local Health Unit of Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - Maria Masocco
- National Center for Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Italian National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy
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123
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Hatton C, Bailey T, Bradshaw J, Caton S, Flynn S, Gillooly A, Jahoda A, Maguire R, Marriott A, Mulhall P, Oloidi E, Taggart L, Todd S, Abbott D, Beyer S, Gore N, Heslop P, Scior K, Hastings RP. The willingness of UK adults with intellectual disabilities to take COVID-19 vaccines. JOURNAL OF INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY RESEARCH : JIDR 2021; 65:949-961. [PMID: 34529314 PMCID: PMC8657332 DOI: 10.1111/jir.12884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Given the much greater COVID-19 mortality risk experienced by people with intellectual disabilities (ID), understanding the willingness of people with ID to take a COVID-19 vaccine is a major public health issue. METHOD In December 2020 to February 2021, across the United Kingdom, 621 adults with ID were interviewed remotely and 348 family carers or support workers of adults with ID with greater needs completed an online survey, including a question on willingness to take a COVID-19 vaccine if offered. RESULTS Eighty-seven per cent of interviewees with ID were willing to take a COVID-19 vaccine, with willingness associated with white ethnicity, having already had a flu vaccine, gaining information about COVID-19 from television but not from social media, and knowing COVID-19 social restrictions rules. A percentage of 81.7% of surveyed carers of adults with ID with greater needs reported that the person would be willing to take a COVID-19 vaccine, with willingness associated with white ethnicity, having a health condition of concern in the context of COVID-19, having had a flu vaccine, being close to someone who had died due to COVID-19, and having shielded at some point during the pandemic. CONCLUSIONS Reported willingness to take the COVID-19 vaccine is high among adults with ID in the United Kingdom, with factors associated with willingness having clear implications for public health policy and practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Hatton
- Department of Social Care and Social WorkManchester Metropolitan UniversityManchesterUK
| | - T. Bailey
- Centre for Educational Development, Appraisal and ResearchUniversity of WarwickCoventryUK
| | | | - S. Caton
- Department of Social Care and Social WorkManchester Metropolitan UniversityManchesterUK
| | - S. Flynn
- Centre for Educational Development, Appraisal and ResearchUniversity of WarwickCoventryUK
| | - A. Gillooly
- Institute of Health and WellbeingUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowUK
| | - A. Jahoda
- Institute of Health and WellbeingUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowUK
| | - R. Maguire
- Institute of Health and WellbeingUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowUK
| | - A. Marriott
- National Development Team for InclusionBathUK
| | - P. Mulhall
- Institute of Nursing and Health ResearchUniversity of UlsterJordanstownUK
| | - E. Oloidi
- Unit for Development in Intellectual and Developmental DisabilitiesUniversity of South WalesPontypriddUK
| | - L. Taggart
- Institute of Nursing and Health ResearchUniversity of UlsterJordanstownUK
| | - S. Todd
- Unit for Development in Intellectual and Developmental DisabilitiesUniversity of South WalesPontypriddUK
| | - D. Abbott
- School for Policy StudiesUniversity of BristolBristolUK
| | - S. Beyer
- School of MedicineUniversity of CardiffCardiffUK
| | - N. Gore
- Tizard CentreUniversity of KentCanterburyUK
| | - P. Heslop
- School for Policy StudiesUniversity of BristolBristolUK
| | - K. Scior
- Division of Psychology and Language SciencesUniversity College LondonLondonUK
| | - R. P. Hastings
- Centre for Educational Development, Appraisal and ResearchUniversity of WarwickCoventryUK
- Centre for Developmental Psychiatry and PsychologyMonash UniversityMelbourneVICAustralia
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124
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Khan MD. Toward creating equity in access to COVID-19 vaccination for female population in Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. Health Care Women Int 2021:1-10. [PMID: 34686113 DOI: 10.1080/07399332.2021.1988952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Revised: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The researchers examined the access to the COVID-19 vaccine among 32 females in Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. The aim of the study is to access the independence of decision-making among female participants to vaccinate themselves against the COVID-19. Participants of the study belong to Multan, a city of Southern Punjab. The researchers adopt a qualitative research design, using in-depth interviews, repeated open-ended questions, and local languages. Among general conclusions of this study are, female dependence on male members to get the vaccination, limited control on deciding the need for vaccination, and patriarchal decision to vaccinate the family. The aim of the researchers is to contribute toward an effective COVID-19 vaccination campaign by minimizing discrimination against women in accessing the vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Danyal Khan
- Faculty of Commerce Law and Business Administration, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
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125
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Hettich N, Krakau L, Rückert K, Brähler E, Zahn D, Yilmaz S, Münzel T, Gianicolo E, Schmidtmann I, Schulz A, Wild PS, Lackner KJ, Schuster AK, Beutel ME. Willingness to be Vaccinated Against SARS-CoV-2 in the German Population During the Second Wave of the Pandemic. DEUTSCHES ARZTEBLATT INTERNATIONAL 2021; 118:720-721. [PMID: 35020586 DOI: 10.3238/arztebl.m2021.0350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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126
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Reuken PA, Albers S, Rauchfuss F, Strnad P, Settmacher U, Trautwein C, Stallmach A, Bruns T. Acceptance of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines by liver transplant recipients and candidates. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR GASTROENTEROLOGIE 2021; 59:1288-1296. [PMID: 34670294 DOI: 10.1055/a-1649-8568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Guidelines recommend vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 in transplant recipients, candidates, and their household contacts. However, little is known about the acceptance of COVID-19 vaccines in these groups.In March 2021, we surveyed 826 liver transplant recipients, candidates, and their household contacts to determine acceptance rates and factors influencing the acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccine; 341 patients (40%) and 237 household contacts (28%) returned the questionnaire. Ninety percent of patients returning the survey reported they were willing to receive the vaccine within the next 6 months or had already started vaccination. Only 2% of patients and 4% of household contacts reported refusing the vaccine, and 8% of patients and 9% of household contacts wanted to postpone vaccination because of concerns about side effects. Having received the influenza vaccine in the last 2 seasons was the strongest indicator of acceptance to receive the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine within 6 months (odds ratio 5.11; 95% confidence interval 2.43-10.74; p < 0.001). Thirty-two percent of responding patients reported fear of side effects as a reason for having refused vaccination before.Although the acceptance of the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine was particularly high among German liver transplant recipients, candidates, and household contacts in this survey, transplant physicians are encouraged to discuss safety concerns with patients who have refused the seasonal influenza vaccine in the past.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp A Reuken
- Klinik für Innere Medizin IV, Universitätsklinikum Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Stefanie Albers
- Medizinische Klinik III, Universitätsklinikum Aachen (RWTH), Aachen, Germany
| | - Falk Rauchfuss
- Klinik für Allgemein-, Viszeral- und Gefäßchirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Pavel Strnad
- Medizinische Klinik III, Universitätsklinikum Aachen (RWTH), Aachen, Germany
| | - Utz Settmacher
- Klinik für Allgemein-, Viszeral- und Gefäßchirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Christian Trautwein
- Medizinische Klinik III, Universitätsklinikum Aachen (RWTH), Aachen, Germany
| | - Andreas Stallmach
- Klinik für Innere Medizin IV, Universitätsklinikum Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Tony Bruns
- Medizinische Klinik III, Universitätsklinikum Aachen (RWTH), Aachen, Germany
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Gallè F, Sabella EA, Roma P, Da Molin G, Diella G, Montagna MT, Ferracuti S, Liguori G, Orsi GB, Napoli C. Acceptance of COVID-19 Vaccination in the Elderly: A Cross-Sectional Study in Southern Italy. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:1222. [PMID: 34835152 PMCID: PMC8618111 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9111222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In Italy, at the end of 2020, a voluntary immunization plan against COVID-19 was introduced, involving elderly among the first target categories. The aim of this study was to assess, through an online questionnaire, the acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination in a sample of older adults from southern Italy. Of a total of 1041 respondents (41.7% males, mean age 76.6 ± 6.5), 965 (92.7%) were vaccinated or willing to be vaccinated against COVID-19, although less than half of the sample was favorable to vaccinations and agreed with mandatory immunization. Acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination was found to be positively related with higher educational level (OR = 1.875, CI95% = 1.113-3.161; p = 0.018) and having social/mass media as a main source of information (OR = 2.415 CI95% = 1.358-4.296, p = 0.003). On the contrary, an inverse relationship was found between acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination and having fulfilled the questionnaire after the introduction of green pass (OR = 0.218, CI95% = 0.129-0.369; p < 0.001). Therefore, although this evidence needs to be further confirmed, it is possible to agree with previous studies reporting that compulsory measures, such as green pass implementation, must be accompanied by effective education and information strategies of the target population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Gallè
- Department of Movement Sciences and Wellbeing, University of Naples “Parthenope”, 80133 Naples, Italy;
| | - Elita Anna Sabella
- Inter-University Research Centre “Population, Environment and Health”, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70121 Bari, Italy; (E.A.S.); (G.D.M.)
| | - Paolo Roma
- Department of Human Neurosciences, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (P.R.); (S.F.)
| | - Giovanna Da Molin
- Inter-University Research Centre “Population, Environment and Health”, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70121 Bari, Italy; (E.A.S.); (G.D.M.)
| | - Giusy Diella
- Department of Biomedical Science and Human Oncology, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy; (G.D.); (M.T.M.)
| | - Maria Teresa Montagna
- Department of Biomedical Science and Human Oncology, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy; (G.D.); (M.T.M.)
| | - Stefano Ferracuti
- Department of Human Neurosciences, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (P.R.); (S.F.)
| | - Giorgio Liguori
- Department of Movement Sciences and Wellbeing, University of Naples “Parthenope”, 80133 Naples, Italy;
| | - Giovanni Battista Orsi
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Christian Napoli
- Department of Medical Surgical Sciences and Translational Medicine, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00189 Rome, Italy;
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Islam MS, Siddique AB, Akter R, Tasnim R, Sujan MSH, Ward PR, Sikder MT. Knowledge, attitudes and perceptions towards COVID-19 vaccinations: a cross-sectional community survey in Bangladesh. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:1851. [PMID: 34645399 PMCID: PMC8513387 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-11880-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several vaccines have been approved for use against coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and distributed globally in different regions. However, general community knowledge, attitudes and perceptions towards COVID-19 vaccinations are poorly understood. Thus, the study aimed to investigate community knowledge, attitudes and perceptions towards COVID-19 vaccinations in Bangladesh. METHODS An exploratory and anonymous population-based e-survey was conducted among 1658 general individuals (55.6% male; mean age = 23.17 ± 6.05 years; age range = 18-65 years). The survey was conducted using a semi-structured and self-reported questionnaire containing informed consent along with four sections (i.e., socio-demographics, knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions). Multiple linear regression was performed to determine the variables predicting knowledge, and attitudes towards COVID-19 vaccinations. RESULTS The mean scores of knowledge and attitudes were 2.83 ± 1.48 (out of 5) and 9.34 ± 2.39 (out of 12) respectively. About a quarter of participants thought that the COVID-19 vaccination available in Bangladesh is safe, only 60% will have the vaccination and about two-thirds will recommend it to family and friends. In the multiple regression model, higher SES, having university/ higher levels of education, having nuclear families and having previous history of essential vaccines uptake were associated with knowledge; whilst attitudes were significantly associated with being female and having previous history of essential vaccines uptake. Just over half of the participants thought that everyone should be vaccinated and 61% responded that health workers should be vaccinated first on priority basis. 95% of respondents believed the vaccine should be administered free of charge in Bangladesh and almost 90% believed that the COVID-19 vaccine used in Bangladesh may have side effects. CONCLUSIONS The findings reflect inadequate knowledge but more positive attitudes towards COVID-19 vaccine among the general population in Bangladesh. In order to improve knowledge, immediate health education programs need to be initiated before mass vaccination are scheduled.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Saiful Islam
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka 1342 Bangladesh
- Centre for Advanced Research Excellence in Public Health, Savar, Dhaka Bangladesh
| | - Abu Bakkar Siddique
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka 1342 Bangladesh
- Centre for Advanced Research Excellence in Public Health, Savar, Dhaka Bangladesh
| | - Rejina Akter
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka 1342 Bangladesh
- Centre for Advanced Research Excellence in Public Health, Savar, Dhaka Bangladesh
| | - Rafia Tasnim
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka 1342 Bangladesh
- Centre for Advanced Research Excellence in Public Health, Savar, Dhaka Bangladesh
| | - Md. Safaet Hossain Sujan
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka 1342 Bangladesh
- Centre for Advanced Research Excellence in Public Health, Savar, Dhaka Bangladesh
| | - Paul R. Ward
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA Australia
| | - Md. Tajuddin Sikder
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka 1342 Bangladesh
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129
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Political Ideologies, Government Trust, and COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy in South Korea: A Cross-Sectional Survey. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182010655. [PMID: 34682401 PMCID: PMC8536119 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182010655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to assess the correlation between political ideologies, government trust, and COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in South Korea during the COVID-19 pandemic. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among South Korea’s general population and 1000 respondents (aged 18 years and older) were included. We used multivariate logistic regression models to identify the factors associated with vaccine hesitancy. Respondents who self-identified as liberal or held “no political opinion” had higher rates of vaccine hesitancy than conservative respondents. People’s trust in the government’s countermeasures was associated with vaccination. Respondents who had risk perceptions (affective and cognitive) of COVID-19 had lower rates of vaccine hesitancy. Perceptions that the vaccine was not safe and being aged 18–29, 30–39, or 40–49 were associated with a higher probability of vaccine hesitancy. This study found that even if vaccine safety and risk perceptions toward COVID-19 were adjusted, self-rated political ideologies and government trust was associated with COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. More effort to communicate with those who are *liberal or “no political opinion”, younger, and have lower level of trust in the government are required to dissolve vaccine hesitancy. Further studies should analyze the mechanism of COVID-19 vaccine uptake for effective herd immunity.
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130
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Predictors of COVID-19 Vaccination Campaign Success: Lessons Learnt from the Pandemic So Far. A Case Study from Poland. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:vaccines9101153. [PMID: 34696261 PMCID: PMC8540159 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9101153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The high effectiveness of a vaccination-promotion campaign, which may be measured by the number of those successfully convinced to get vaccinated, is a key factor in combating the COVID-19 pandemic. This, however, appears to be linked to the precise identification of the underlying causes for vaccine hesitancy behaviours. Based on a regression model (adjusted R2 of 0.78) analysing 378 sub-regions of Poland, we showed that such behaviours, even when going against the party agenda, can be indirectly yet precisely gauged predominantly through voting patterns. Additionally, education and population density were found to be positively related to low vaccine hesitancy, while markers of social exclusion, both external (employment rate) and psychological (voter turnout) ones, affected it negatively. In the second, follow-up part of our study, which analyses the changes that took place in two months (adjusted R2 of 0.53), we found a further increase in vaccination rate to be positively related to the number of those already vaccinated and to the political views of the population, and negatively related to its level of education. In both cases, there was a surprisingly weak relationship between the potential markers of accessibility and vaccination rate. In spite of the known overall differences in vaccination rates for different age and sex groups, these variables did not have any additional informative value in explaining the observed regional differences.
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131
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Eberhardt J, Ling J. Predicting COVID-19 vaccination intention using protection motivation theory and conspiracy beliefs. Vaccine 2021; 39:6269-6275. [PMID: 34535313 PMCID: PMC8421109 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2021.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Background While COVID-19 vaccine uptake has been encouraging overall, some individuals are either hesitant towards, or refuse, the vaccine. Protection Motivation Theory (PMT) has been applied to influenza vaccine acceptance, but there is a lack of research applying PMT to COVID-19 vaccine acceptance. Additionally, prior research has suggested that coronavirus conspiracy beliefs and demographic factors may play a role in attitudes towards the vaccine. This study aimed to predict COVID-19 vaccination intention using PMT, coronavirus conspiracy beliefs, and demographic factors. Furthermore, vaccinated and unvaccinated individuals were compared in relation to their coronavirus conspiracy beliefs. Methods An online survey was administered to 382 (278 vaccinated, and 104 unvaccinated) individuals in the United Kingdom (77 males, 301 females, one non-binary/third gender, and three unstated). Respondents’ mean age was 43.78 (SD = 12.58). Results A hierarchical multiple linear regression was performed in three stages. Initially, four PMT constructs - severity, susceptibility, maladaptive response costs, and self-efficacy - emerged as significant predictors of COVID-19 vaccination intention. The final model accounted for 75% of the variance and retained two significant predictors from PMT - maladaptive response rewards and self-efficacy - alongside coronavirus conspiracy beliefs and age. An independent t-test established that unvaccinated individuals held greater coronavirus conspiracy beliefs than vaccinated ones. Conclusions Interventions and campaigns addressing COVID-19 vaccine acceptance should employ strategies increasing individuals’ perceived severity of COVID-19, perceived susceptibility, and perceived ability to get vaccinated, while decreasing perceived rewards of not getting vaccinated. Additionally, coronavirus conspiracy beliefs should be addressed, as these appear to play a role for some vaccine-hesitant individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith Eberhardt
- Teesside University, School of Social Sciences, Humanities and Law, Borough Road, Middlesbrough TS1 3BA, United Kingdom.
| | - Jonathan Ling
- University of Sunderland, Faculty of Health Sciences and Wellbeing, Chester Road, Sunderland SR1 3SD, United Kingdom
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132
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Ye X, Ye W, Yu J, Gao Y, Ren Z, Chen L, Dong A, Yi Q, Zhan C, Lin Y, Wang Y, Huang S, Song P. The landscape of COVID-19 vaccination among healthcare workers at the first round of COVID-19 vaccination in China: willingness, acceptance and self-reported adverse effects. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2021; 17:4846-4856. [PMID: 34618663 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2021.1985354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 vaccines have been developed in a wide range of countries. This study aimed to examine factors that related to vaccination rates and willingness to be vaccinated against COVID-19 among Chinese healthcare workers (HCWs). From 3rd February to 18th February, 2021, an online cross-sectional survey was conducted among HCWs to investigate factors associated with the acceptance and willingness of COVID-19 vaccination. Sociodemographic characteristics and the acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination among Chinese HCWs were evaluated. A total of 2156 HCWs from 21 provinces in China responded to this survey (effective rate: 98.99%)), among whom 1433 (66.5%) were vaccinated with at least one dose. Higher vaccination rates were associated with older age, working as a clinician, having no personal religion, working in a fever clinic or higher hospital grade, and having received vaccine education, family history for influenza vaccination and strong familiarity with the vaccine. Willingness for vaccination was related to working in midwestern China, considerable knowledge of the vaccine, received vaccine education, and strong confidence in the vaccine. Results of this study can provide evidence for the government to improve vaccine coverage by addressing vaccine hesitancy in the COVID-19 pandemic and future public health emergencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Ye
- School of Public Health and Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wan Ye
- Department of Nursing, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Jinyue Yu
- Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Yuzhen Gao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ziyang Ren
- School of Public Health and Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lanzhen Chen
- Department of Nursing, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Ao Dong
- The Second Clinical School of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Yi
- School of Public Health and Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chenju Zhan
- Department of Nursing, Mindong Hospital of Ningde City, Fuan, Fujian, China
| | - Yanni Lin
- Department of Nursing, No.1 Hospital of Longhai City, Longhai, Fujian, China
| | - Yangxin Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, PR China
| | - Simin Huang
- Department of Nursing, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Peige Song
- School of Public Health and Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Piltch-Loeb R, Harriman NW, Healey J, Bonetti M, Toffolutti V, Testa MA, Su M, Savoia E. COVID-19 Vaccine Concerns about Safety, Effectiveness, and Policies in the United States, Canada, Sweden, and Italy among Unvaccinated Individuals. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:1138. [PMID: 34696245 PMCID: PMC8538553 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9101138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the effectiveness of the COVID-19 vaccine, global vaccination distribution efforts have thus far had varying levels of success. Vaccine hesitancy remains a threat to vaccine uptake. This study has four objectives: (1) describe and compare vaccine hesitancy proportions by country; (2) categorize vaccine-related concerns; (3) rank vaccine-related concerns; and (4) compare vaccine-related concerns by country and hesitancy status in four countries-the United States, Canada, Sweden, and Italy. Using the Pollfish survey platform, we sampled 1000 respondents in Canada, Sweden, and Italy and 750 respondents in the United States between 21-28 May 2021. Results showed vaccine-related concerns varied across three topical areas-vaccine safety and government control, vaccine effectiveness and population control, and freedom. For each thematic area, the top concern was statistically significantly different in each country and among the hesitant and non-hesitant subsamples within each county. Concerns related to freedom were the most universal. Understanding the specific concerns among individuals when it comes to the COVID-19 vaccine can help to inform public communications and identify which, if any, salient narratives are global.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachael Piltch-Loeb
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02120, USA; (M.A.T.); (M.S.); (E.S.)
- Emergency Preparedness Research Evaluation and Practice (EPREP) Program, Division of Policy Translation and Leadership Development, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02120, USA; (N.W.H.); (J.H.)
| | - Nigel Walsh Harriman
- Emergency Preparedness Research Evaluation and Practice (EPREP) Program, Division of Policy Translation and Leadership Development, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02120, USA; (N.W.H.); (J.H.)
| | - Julia Healey
- Emergency Preparedness Research Evaluation and Practice (EPREP) Program, Division of Policy Translation and Leadership Development, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02120, USA; (N.W.H.); (J.H.)
| | - Marco Bonetti
- Carlo F. Dondena Research Center and COVID Crisis Lab, Bocconi University, 20136 Milan, Italy;
| | - Veronica Toffolutti
- Department of Economics & Public Policy, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK;
| | - Marcia A. Testa
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02120, USA; (M.A.T.); (M.S.); (E.S.)
- Emergency Preparedness Research Evaluation and Practice (EPREP) Program, Division of Policy Translation and Leadership Development, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02120, USA; (N.W.H.); (J.H.)
| | - Max Su
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02120, USA; (M.A.T.); (M.S.); (E.S.)
- Emergency Preparedness Research Evaluation and Practice (EPREP) Program, Division of Policy Translation and Leadership Development, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02120, USA; (N.W.H.); (J.H.)
| | - Elena Savoia
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02120, USA; (M.A.T.); (M.S.); (E.S.)
- Emergency Preparedness Research Evaluation and Practice (EPREP) Program, Division of Policy Translation and Leadership Development, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02120, USA; (N.W.H.); (J.H.)
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Tregoning JS, Flight KE, Higham SL, Wang Z, Pierce BF. Progress of the COVID-19 vaccine effort: viruses, vaccines and variants versus efficacy, effectiveness and escape. Nat Rev Immunol 2021; 21:626-636. [PMID: 34373623 PMCID: PMC8351583 DOI: 10.1038/s41577-021-00592-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 678] [Impact Index Per Article: 226.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Where 2020 saw the development and testing of vaccines against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) at an unprecedented pace, the first half of 2021 has seen vaccine rollout in many countries. In this Progress article, we provide a snapshot of ongoing vaccine efficacy studies, as well as real-world data on vaccine effectiveness and the impact of virus variants of concern. Where they have been deployed in a high proportion of the adult population, the currently approved vaccines have been extremely effective in preventing COVID-19, particularly severe disease. Nonetheless, there are still significant challenges in ensuring equitable vaccine access around the globe and lessons that can be learned for controlling this pandemic and for the next pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- John S Tregoning
- Department of Infectious Disease, St Mary's Campus, Imperial College London, London, UK.
| | - Katie E Flight
- Department of Infectious Disease, St Mary's Campus, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Sophie L Higham
- Department of Infectious Disease, St Mary's Campus, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Ziyin Wang
- Department of Infectious Disease, St Mary's Campus, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Benjamin F Pierce
- Department of Infectious Disease, St Mary's Campus, Imperial College London, London, UK
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135
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Chen WS, Siau CS, Bono SA, Low WY. Mediating Effect of Chronic Illnesses in the Relationship Between Psychological Distress and COVID-19 Vaccine Acceptance. Asia Pac J Public Health 2021; 34:106-112. [PMID: 34550027 PMCID: PMC8670749 DOI: 10.1177/10105395211047868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health is an emerging problem globally. This study aimed to examine the mediating effect of chronic illnesses in the relationship between psychological health and the acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccine, prior to the national vaccine rollout in Malaysia. An online cross-sectional study was conducted in Malaysia between December 10, 2020, and February 9, 2021. In addition to the descriptive analyses, a mediation analysis was performed to examine the mediating effect of chronic illnesses in the relationship between psychological distress and the willingness to accept the vaccine. A total of 1738 participants completed the survey. The psychological distress levels were found to be significantly different across demographic factors such as age, gender, and social economic status. This study demonstrated a partial mediating effect of chronic illnesses in the relationship between psychological distress and vaccine acceptance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won Sun Chen
- Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria, Australia
| | | | | | - Wah Yun Low
- Asia-Europe Institute, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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136
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Danabal KGM, Magesh SS, Saravanan S, Gopichandran V. Attitude towards COVID 19 vaccines and vaccine hesitancy in urban and rural communities in Tamil Nadu, India - a community based survey. BMC Health Serv Res 2021; 21:994. [PMID: 34548088 PMCID: PMC8453251 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-021-07037-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Effective and safe COVID 19 vaccines have been approved for emergency use since the end of 2020 and countries are actively vaccinating their people. Nevertheless, hesitancy towards the vaccines exist globally. OBJECTIVES We conducted this study to understand the attitudes towards COVID 19 vaccines and hesitancy to accept it among urban and rural communities in Tamil Nadu, India. METHODS We conducted a community based cross sectional study in urban and rural communities among 564 persons who had not been vaccinated yet, selected through multistage random sampling. The vaccine attitude scale (VAX) was used to measure attitudes towards the vaccines and their acceptance of the vaccine was captured by responses to a direct question. RESULTS More than 50% of the respondents had positive attitudes towards the COVID 19 vaccines. Based on their attitudes, they were segmented into four clusters, first with preference for natural immunity compared to vaccines and low concern regarding adverse effects. Second with high level of trust in vaccines and low mistrust. The third cluster members had high level of concern regarding the adverse effects and low levels of mistrust in vaccines and the fourth had high trust in vaccines and low preference for natural immunity. Older individuals with higher education and occupation were more likely to belong to cluster four with high trust in the vaccines. Younger individuals, women, rural residents, belonging to low income labourer class were highly mistrusting of the vaccines. The prevalence of vaccine hesitancy was 40.7% (95% CI - 36.67 - 44.73%), while 19.5% (95% CI = 16.23 - 22.77%) of the respondents were vaccine deniers. While vaccine acceptance was greatest in cluster 1, it was least in cluster 3. CONCLUSIONS Vaccine hesitancy was high in urban and rural Tamil Nadu. The population could be effectively segmented into groups based on their attitudes and this understanding can be used to develop targeted behaviour change communication campaigns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth Grace Mascarenhas Danabal
- Employees State Insurance Corporation Medical College and Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, KK Nagar, Chennai, 600078, India
| | - Shiva Shankar Magesh
- Employees State Insurance Corporation Medical College and Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, KK Nagar, Chennai, 600078, India
| | - Siddharth Saravanan
- Employees State Insurance Corporation Medical College and Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, KK Nagar, Chennai, 600078, India
| | - Vijayaprasad Gopichandran
- Department of Community Medicine, Employees State Insurance Corporation Medical College and Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, KK Nagar, Chennai, 600078, India.
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Factors Associated with a Lack of Willingness to Vaccinate against COVID-19 in Poland: A 2021 Nationwide Cross-Sectional Survey. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:vaccines9091000. [PMID: 34579237 PMCID: PMC8472927 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9091000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We aimed to assess the factors associated with a lack of willingness to vaccinate against COVID-19 among adults in Poland three months after the introduction of mass vaccination against COVID-19 in Poland. This cross-sectional study was carried out between 8 and 18 April 2021 on a representative nationwide sample of 1131 inhabitants of Poland aged 18 and over. Almost one-third of adult inhabitants of Poland (30%; 95%CI: 27.4–32.7%) declared a lack of willingness to vaccinate against COVID-19. Females had higher odds of refusing COVID-19 vaccination compared with males (OR = 1.68; 95%CI: 1.25–2.27). The lack of higher education was significantly (p < 0.001) associated with greater odds of refusing the COVID-19 vaccination. Participants living in rural areas compared with those living in the largest cities (over 500,000 inhabitants) had three times higher odds of refusing the COVID-19 vaccination (OR = 3.20; 95%CI: 1.71–6.01). Respondents who declared willingness to vote for one of the right-wing political parties publicly supporting the anti-vaccination movement in Poland had eight times higher odds (OR = 8.01; 95%CI: 3.65–17.60) of refusing the COVID-19 vaccination compared with other groups. Moreover, those who had three children or more, respondents who declared passivity towards participating in religious practices as well as active internet users had significantly higher odds of refusing the COVID-19 vaccination.
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138
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Antequera A, Lawson DO, Noorduyn SG, Dewidar O, Avey M, Bhutta ZA, Chamberlain C, Ellingwood H, Francis D, Funnell S, Ghogomu E, Greer-Smith R, Horsley T, Juando-Prats C, Jull J, Kristjansson E, Little J, Nicholls SG, Nkangu M, Petticrew M, Rada G, Rizvi A, Shamseer L, Sharp MK, Tufte J, Tugwell P, Verdugo-Paiva F, Wang H, Wang X, Mbuagbaw L, Welch V. Improving Social Justice in COVID-19 Health Research: Interim Guidelines for Reporting Health Equity in Observational Studies. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:9357. [PMID: 34501949 PMCID: PMC8431098 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18179357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the global imperative to address health inequities. Observational studies are a valuable source of evidence for real-world effects and impacts of implementing COVID-19 policies on the redistribution of inequities. We assembled a diverse global multi-disciplinary team to develop interim guidance for improving transparency in reporting health equity in COVID-19 observational studies. We identified 14 areas in the STROBE (Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology) checklist that need additional detail to encourage transparent reporting of health equity. We searched for examples of COVID-19 observational studies that analysed and reported health equity analysis across one or more social determinants of health. We engaged with Indigenous stakeholders and others groups experiencing health inequities to co-produce this guidance and to bring an intersectional lens. Taking health equity and social determinants of health into account contributes to the clinical and epidemiological understanding of the disease, identifying specific needs and supporting decision-making processes. Stakeholders are encouraged to consider using this guidance on observational research to help provide evidence to close the inequitable gaps in health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba Antequera
- Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08025 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Daeria O. Lawson
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada; (D.O.L.); (S.G.N.); (L.M.)
| | - Stephen G. Noorduyn
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada; (D.O.L.); (S.G.N.); (L.M.)
| | - Omar Dewidar
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1G 5Z3, Canada; (O.D.); (T.H.); (J.L.); (M.N.); (P.T.); (V.W.)
| | - Marc Avey
- Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0K9, Canada;
| | - Zulfiqar A. Bhutta
- Centre for Global Child Health, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada;
- Institute for Global Health & Development, The Aga Khan University, Karachi 74800, Pakistan
| | - Catherine Chamberlain
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC 3086, Australia;
- Ngangk Yira Research Centre for Aboriginal Health and Social Equity, Murdoch University, Perth, WA 6150, Australia
| | - Holly Ellingwood
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada;
- Public Safety, Ottawa, ON K1A 0P8, Canada
| | - Damian Francis
- Center for Health and Social Issues, School of Health and Human Performance, Georgia College, Milledgville, GA 31061, USA;
| | - Sarah Funnell
- Department of Family Medicine, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3G2, Canada;
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1G 5Z3, Canada
| | - Elizabeth Ghogomu
- Bruyère Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 5C8, Canada;
| | - Regina Greer-Smith
- Healthcare Research Associates, LLC/The S.T.A.R. Initiative, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA;
| | - Tanya Horsley
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1G 5Z3, Canada; (O.D.); (T.H.); (J.L.); (M.N.); (P.T.); (V.W.)
- Research Unit, Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada, Ottawa, ON K1S 5N8, Canada
| | - Clara Juando-Prats
- Applied Health Research Center, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, ON M5B 1W8, Canada;
- Dalla School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 3M7, Canada
| | - Janet Jull
- Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Rehabilitation Therapy, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada; (J.J.); (A.R.)
| | - Elizabeth Kristjansson
- Faculty of Social Sciences, School of Psychology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada;
| | - Julian Little
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1G 5Z3, Canada; (O.D.); (T.H.); (J.L.); (M.N.); (P.T.); (V.W.)
| | - Stuart G. Nicholls
- Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada;
| | - Miriam Nkangu
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1G 5Z3, Canada; (O.D.); (T.H.); (J.L.); (M.N.); (P.T.); (V.W.)
| | - Mark Petticrew
- Faculty of Public Health and Policy, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London WC1E 7HT, UK;
| | - Gabriel Rada
- Epistemonikos Foundation, Santiago 7510299, Chile; (G.R.); (F.V.-P.)
- UC Evidence Center, Cochrane Chile Associated Center, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago Región Metropolitana, Santiago 8331150, Chile
| | - Anita Rizvi
- Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Rehabilitation Therapy, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada; (J.J.); (A.R.)
| | - Larissa Shamseer
- Knowledge Translation Program, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, ON M5B 1T8, Canada;
| | - Melissa K. Sharp
- Health Research Board Centre for Primary Care Research, Department of General Practice, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin DO2 H638, Ireland;
| | | | - Peter Tugwell
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1G 5Z3, Canada; (O.D.); (T.H.); (J.L.); (M.N.); (P.T.); (V.W.)
- Bruyère Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 5C8, Canada;
- Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada;
| | - Francisca Verdugo-Paiva
- Epistemonikos Foundation, Santiago 7510299, Chile; (G.R.); (F.V.-P.)
- UC Evidence Center, Cochrane Chile Associated Center, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago Región Metropolitana, Santiago 8331150, Chile
| | - Harry Wang
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada;
| | - Xiaoqin Wang
- Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Pain Research and Care, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada;
| | - Lawrence Mbuagbaw
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada; (D.O.L.); (S.G.N.); (L.M.)
| | - Vivian Welch
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1G 5Z3, Canada; (O.D.); (T.H.); (J.L.); (M.N.); (P.T.); (V.W.)
- Bruyère Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 5C8, Canada;
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Amuzie CI, Odini F, Kalu KU, Izuka M, Nwamoh U, Emma-Ukaegbu U, Onyike G. COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among healthcare workers and its socio-demographic determinants in Abia State, Southeastern Nigeria: a cross-sectional study. Pan Afr Med J 2021; 40:10. [PMID: 34650660 PMCID: PMC8490164 DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2021.40.10.29816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION healthcare workers are at higher risk of COVID-19 infection with ease of infection transmissibility to coworkers and patients. Vaccine hesitancy rates of 56% and up to 25% have been reported among healthcare workers in US and China respectively. Vaccination is known as the most effective strategy to combat infectious diseases. Acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccine plays a major role in combating the pandemic. This study assessed the sociodemographic factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among healthcare workers in Abia State. METHODS a cross-sectional study among 422 healthcare workers was conducted in Abia State with an online-based questionnaire. The questionnaire extracted information on socio-demographics and willingness to take vaccine uptake. Descriptive statistics was used to calculate frequencies and proportions. Bivariate analysis was used to test the association between the socio-demographic factors and the outcome variable (vaccine hesitancy). Logistic regression was conducted to identify the predictors of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. The level of significance was 5%. RESULTS mean age of the respondents was 40.6 ± 9.5 years and 67.1% were females The COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy rate was 50.5% (95%CI: 45.6%-55.3%). Socio-demographic factors included age, marital status, location of practice, profession, and income. Vaccine Hesitancy was predicted significantly by younger age (aOR=9.34, 95%CI:2.01-43.39), marital status (single) (aOR=4.97, 95%CI:1.46-16.97), lower income (aOR=2.84, 95%CI:1.32-6.08), and profession - Doctor (aOR=0.28, 95%CI:0.11-0.70), Nurse (aOR=0.31, 95%CI:0.15-0.64) and other allied health professionals (aOR=0.22, 95%CI:0.10-0.44). CONCLUSION COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy was high among healthcare workers. Significant sociodemographic predictors influence the uptake of the COVID-19 vaccine. We recommend that the Federal and State Ministries of Health conduct awareness campaigns targeting the younger age group, singles, lower income class, and non-clinical staff.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Franklin Odini
- Department of Community Medicine, Federal Medical Centre Umuahia, Abia State, Nigeria
| | - Kalu Ulu Kalu
- Department of Community Medicine, Federal Medical Centre Umuahia, Abia State, Nigeria
| | - Michael Izuka
- Department of Community Medicine, Federal Medical Centre Umuahia, Abia State, Nigeria
| | - Uche Nwamoh
- Department of Community Medicine, Federal Medical Centre Umuahia, Abia State, Nigeria
| | - Uloaku Emma-Ukaegbu
- Department of Community Medicine, Federal Medical Centre Umuahia, Abia State, Nigeria
| | - Grace Onyike
- Department of Community Medicine, Federal Medical Centre Umuahia, Abia State, Nigeria
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140
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Oxford COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy in School Principals: Impacts of Gender, Well-Being, and Coronavirus-Related Health Literacy. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:vaccines9090985. [PMID: 34579222 PMCID: PMC8471420 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9090985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Purposes: To explore the associated factors of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and examine psychometric properties of the coronavirus-related health literacy questionnaire (HLS-COVID-Q22) and Oxford COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy questionnaire. Methods: An online survey was conducted from 23 June to 16 July 2021 on 387 school principals across Taiwan. Data collection included socio-demographic characteristics, information related to work, physical and mental health, COVID-19 related perceptions, sense of coherence, coronavirus-related health literacy, and vaccine hesitancy. Principal component analysis, correlation analysis, linear regression models were used for validating HLS-COVID-Q22, Oxford COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy, and examining the associations. Results: HLS-COVID-Q22 and Oxford COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy were found with satisfactory construct validity (items loaded on one component with factor loading values range 0.57 to 0.81, and 0.51 to 0.78), satisfactory convergent validity (item-scale correlations range 0.60 to 0.79, and 0.65 to 0.74), high internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.96 and 0.90), and without floor or ceiling effects (percentages of possibly lowest score and highest score <15%), respectively. Low scores of vaccine hesitancy were found in male principals (regression coefficient, B, −0.69; 95% confidence interval, 95%CI, −1.29, −0.10; p = 0.023), principals with better well-being (B, −0.25; 95%CI, −0.47, −0.03; p = 0.029), and higher HLS-COVID-Q22 (B, −1.22; 95%CI, −1.89, −0.54; p < 0.001). Conclusions: HLS-COVID-Q22 and Oxford COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy were valid and reliable tools. Male principals and those with better well-being, and higher health literacy had a lower level of vaccine hesitancy. Improving principals’ health literacy and well-being is suggested to be a strategic approach to increase vaccine acceptance for themselves, their staff, and students.
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Konstantinou N, Nicolaou SA, Petrou C, Pieri M. Trust in Authorities and Demographic Factors Affect Vaccine Acceptance During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Cyprus. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY OPEN 2021. [DOI: 10.1024/2673-8627/a000006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Abstract. The COVID-19 pandemic has had a devastating impact on all aspects of human life. Accurately measuring vaccine acceptance and understanding the factors that influence vaccine attitudes and behaviors is crucial to designing public-health interventions to reduce the impact of COVID-19 through vaccinations. The current study adapted the vaccine acceptance scale ( Sarathchandra et al., 2018 ) to the Greek language and assessed the relationship between key components of vaccine acceptance to COVID-19 vaccine beliefs and attitudes, personal and family vaccination history and attitudes, and demographic variables (age, sex, education, and having children). The adapted vaccine acceptance instrument was found to have high internal consistency reliability. Further analyses indicated that younger and less-educated individuals are more vaccine-hesitant, and that vaccine acceptance is influenced by trust in authorities. These findings may have implications for understanding vaccine hesitancy and for the design and implementation of vaccine-related public health policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikos Konstantinou
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Cyprus University of Technology, Limassol, Cyprus
| | | | - Christos Petrou
- Department of Life & Health Sciences, University of Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Myrtani Pieri
- Department of Life & Health Sciences, University of Nicosia, Cyprus
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To Vaccinate or Not to Vaccinate-This Is the Question among Swiss University Students. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18179210. [PMID: 34501799 PMCID: PMC8431304 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18179210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The speed and innovation of the COVID-19 vaccine development has been accompanied by insecurity and skepticism. Young adults’ attitude to vaccination remains under investigation, although herd immunity cannot be reached without them. The HEalth in Students during the Corona pandemic study (HES-C) provided the opportunity to investigate vaccination intention in 1478 students in the sixth survey wave (January 2021), including vaccination intention, psychological antecedents of vaccine hesitancy, trust in government’s vaccination strategy, and vaccination history. Associations with vaccination intention were analyzed with multivariate ordinal regression and predicted margins were calculated adjusting for gender, age, anxiety, health profession, and subjective health status. A third was decided (yes 25.1%, no 7.6%), and 68% were unsure about getting the COVID-19 vaccine when available. Next to demographic characteristics, vaccination history (influenza vaccination OR = 1.39; 95% CI: 1.06–1.83, travel vaccination OR = 1.29; 95% CI: 1.04–1.60), trust in vaccination strategy (OR = 2.40; 95% CI: 1.89–3.05), and 5C dimensions were associated with vaccination intention: confidence (OR = 2.52; 95% CI: 2.09–3.03), complacency (OR = 0.79; 95% CI: 0.66–0.96), calculation (OR = 0.79; 95% CI: 0.70–0.89), constraints (OR = 1.18; 95% CI: 0.99–1.41), and collective responsibility (OR = 4.47; 95% CI: 3.69–5.40). Addressing psychological antecedents and strengthening trust in official strategies through targeted campaigns and interventions may increase decisiveness and result in higher vaccination rates.
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143
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Ko T, Dendle C, Woolley I, Morand E, Antony A. SARS-COV-2 vaccine acceptance in patients with rheumatic diseases: a cross-sectional study. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2021; 17:4048-4056. [PMID: 34357827 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2021.1958611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccine acceptance among patients with rheumatic diseases (RMD). METHODS All rheumatology patients attending a large suburban health network were invited to participate in an anonymized online survey. The primary outcome of interest was SARS-COV-2 vaccine acceptance. RESULTS The mean (SD) age of respondents (n = 641) was 52.7 (15.1) years and 74.4% (n = 474) were female. Sixty-five percent were willing to have a SARS-COV-2 vaccine, while 34.4% were vaccine-hesitant (unwilling or undecided). On multivariate analysis, vaccine acceptance was associated with smoking (OR: 2.25 [95% CI: 1.22-4.15; p = .009]), history of malignancy (OR: 2.51 [95% CI: 1.19-5.26; p = .015]), influenza or pneumococcal vaccination in the preceding year (OR: 2.69 [95% CI: 1.78-4.05; p < .001]) and number of COVID-Safe measures practiced (OR: 1.54 [95% CI: 1.05-2.26; p = .027]). Vaccine acceptance correlated with positive beliefs regarding vaccine efficacy (r = 0.40; p < .001) and safety (r = 0.36; p < .001). Vaccine acceptance correlated negatively with concerns regarding side-effects (r = -0.30; p < .001) and vaccine-associated RMD flare (r = -0.21; p < .001). In vaccine-hesitant respondents, 39.2% were more likely to accept vaccination if given a choice of which vaccine they receive and 54.5% if their rheumatologist recommended it. Twenty-seven percent of patients on immunomodulators were willing to withhold medications while 42.1% were willing if advised by their rheumatologist. CONCLUSION SARS-COV-2 vaccine hesitancy is prevalent amongst RMD patients and associated with concerns regarding vaccine safety, efficacy, side effects and RMD flare. Clinician recommendation, vaccine choice and communications targeting patient concerns could facilitate vaccine acceptance.Significance and Innovations Vaccine hesitancy is prevalent in RMD patientsVaccine acceptance is associated with beliefs regarding vaccine safety and efficacy and concerns regarding RMD flare and vaccine-associated side effectsVaccine choice and clinician recommendation have the potential to improve vaccine acceptance in patients who are hesitant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina Ko
- Department of Rheumatology, Monash Health, Clayton, Australia
| | - Claire Dendle
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Monash Health, Clayton, Australia.,School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Ian Woolley
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Monash Health, Clayton, Australia.,School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Eric Morand
- Department of Rheumatology, Monash Health, Clayton, Australia.,School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Anna Antony
- Department of Rheumatology, Monash Health, Clayton, Australia.,School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
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Reasons for being unsure or unwilling regarding intention to take COVID-19 vaccine among Japanese people: A large cross-sectional national survey. LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH-WESTERN PACIFIC 2021; 14:100223. [PMID: 34368797 PMCID: PMC8324415 DOI: 10.1016/j.lanwpc.2021.100223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Background Identifying and understanding reasons for being unsure or unwilling regarding intention to be vaccinated against coronavirus disease (COVID-19) may help to inform future public health messages aimed at increasing vaccination coverage. We analyzed a broad array of individual's psychological dispositions with regard to decision-making about COVID-19 vaccination in Japan. Methods A nationally representative cross-sectional web survey was conducted with 30053 Japanese adults aged 20 years or older at the end of February 2021. In addition to the question on the individual's intention to be vaccinated against COVID-19, respondents were asked about their sociodemographic, health-related, and psychological characteristics as well as information sources about COVID-19 and their levels of trust. Also, those who responded ‘not sure’ or ‘no’ regarding intention to take COVID-19 vaccine were asked why. Multinomial logistic regression with sparse group Lasso (Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator) penalty was used to compute adjusted odds ratios for factors associated with the intention (not sure/no versus yes). Findings The percentages of respondents who answered ‘not sure’ or ‘no’ regarding intention to be vaccinated against COVID-19 vaccine were 32.9% and 11.0%, respectively. After adjusting for covariates, the perceived risks of COVID-19, perceived risk of a COVID-19 vaccine, perceived benefits of a COVID-19 vaccine, trust in scientists and public authorities, and the belief that healthcare workers should be vaccinated were significantly associated with vaccination intention. Several sources of information about COVID-19 were also significantly associated with vaccination intention, including physicians, nurses, and television, medical information sites with lower odds of being unsure or unwilling, and internet news sites, YouTube, family members, and scientists and researchers with higher odds. The higher the level of trust in television as a source of COVID-19 information, the higher the odds of responding ‘not sure’ (odds ratio 1.11, 95% confidence interval 1.01–1.21). We also demonstrated that many respondents presented concerns about the side effects and safety of a COVID-19 vaccine as a major reason for being unsure or unwilling. To decide whether or not to get the vaccine, many respondents requested more information about the compatibilities between the vaccine and their personal health conditions, whether other people had been vaccinated, the effectiveness of vaccines against variants, and doctors’ recommendations. Interpretation Our findings suggest that public health messaging based on the sociodemographic and psychological characteristics of those who are unsure or unwilling regarding intention to be vaccinated against COVID-19 vaccine may help to increase vaccine uptake amongst this population. Funding The present work was supported in part by a grant from the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare of Japan (H29-Gantaisaku-ippan-009).
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Kacimi SEO, Klouche-djedid SN, Riffi O, Belaouni HA, Yasmin F, Taouza FA, Belakhdar Y, Fellah SC, Benmelouka AY, Ahmed S, Aloulou M, Bendelhoum A, Merzouk H, Ghozy S, Essar MY, Haireche MA. Determinants of SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Engagement in Algeria: A Population-based Study with Systematic Review of Studies from Arab Countries of the MENA Region.. [DOI: 10.1101/2021.07.17.21260662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
AbstractBackgroundThe Algerian COVID-19 vaccination campaign, which started by the end of January 2021, is marked by a slowly ascending curve despite the deployed resources. To tackle the issue, we assessed the levels and explored determinants of engagement towards the COVID-19 vaccine among the Algerian population.MethodsA nationwide, online-based cross-sectional study was conducted between March 27 and April 30, 2021. A two-stage stratified snowball sampling method was used to include an equivalent number of participants from the four cardinal regions of the country. A vaccine engagement scale was developed, defining vaccine engagement as a multidimensional parameter (5 items) that combined self-stated acceptance and willingness with perceived safety and efficacy of the vaccine. An Engagement score was calculated and the median was used to define engagement versus nonengagement. Sociodemographic and clinical data, perceptions about COVID-19 and levels of adherence to preventive measures were analyzed as predictors for nonengagement.ResultsWe included 1,019 participants, 54% were female and 64% were aged 18-29 years. Overall, there were low rates of self-declared acceptance (26%) and willingness (21%) to take the vaccine, as well as low levels of agreement regarding vaccine safety (21%) and efficacy (30%). Thus, vaccine engagement rate was estimated at 33.5%, and ranged between 29.6-38.5% depending on the region (p>0.05). Nonengagement was independently associated with female gender (OR=2.31, p<0.001), low adherence level to preventive measures (OR=6.93p<0.001), private sector jobs (OR=0.53, p=0.038), perceived COVID-19 severity (OR=0.66, p=0.014), and fear from contracting the disease (OR=0.56, p=0.018). Concern about vaccine side effects (72.0%) and exigence for more efficacy and safety studies (48.3%) were the most commonly reported barrier and enabler for vaccine acceptance respectively; whereas beliefs in the conspiracy theory were reported by 23.4%.ConclusionsThe very low rates of vaccine engagement among the Algerian population probably explain the slow ascension of the vaccination curve in the country. Vaccine awareness campaigns should be implemented to address the multiple misconceptions and enhance the levels of knowledge and perception both about the disease and the vaccine, by prioritizing target populations and engaging both healthcare workers and the general population.
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Khuc QV, Nguyen T, Nguyen T, Pham L, Le DT, Ho HH, Truong TB, Tran QK. Young Adults' Intentions and Rationales for COVID-19 Vaccination Participation: Evidence from a Student Survey in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:794. [PMID: 34358210 PMCID: PMC8310112 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9070794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic, a source of fear and anxiety worldwide, has caused many adverse impacts. Collaborative efforts to end COVID-19 have included extensive research on vaccines. Many vaccination campaigns have been launched in many countries, including Vietnam, to create community immunization. However, citizens' willingness to participate is a prerequisite for effective vaccination programs and other related policies. Among all demographic groups, participation rates among young adults are of interest because they are an important workforce and are a source of high infection risk in the community. In March 2021, a pool of approximately 6000 participants in Ho Chi Minh City were randomly polled using an email-based online survey. The exploratory results of 398 valid observations show that students' perceptions of the dangers of COVID-19 and the importance of vaccination were both relatively high (4.62/5 and 4.74/5, respectively). Furthermore, 83.41 percent of students polled (n = 332) chose vaccination, while 16.59 percent chose hesitation (n = 64) and not to be vaccinated (n = 2). More importantly, our estimated results of the Bayesian regression model (BRM) show that the perceived importance of the vaccine, concerns about the vaccine's side effects, and a lack of access to information are the top three reasons for their reluctance and/or refusal to get vaccinated. These findings are a valuable resource for politicians, researchers, and those interested in COVID-19 vaccinations to devise and execute campaigns to effectively combat this terrifying pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Trang Nguyen
- School of Banking-Finance, National Economic University, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam;
| | | | - Linh Pham
- Department of Economics, University of Central Oklahoma, Edmond, OK 73034, USA;
| | | | - Hong-Hai Ho
- Faculty of Business and Economics, Phenikaa University, Hanoi 12116, Vietnam; (H.-H.H.); (T.-B.T.)
| | - Tien-Binh Truong
- Faculty of Business and Economics, Phenikaa University, Hanoi 12116, Vietnam; (H.-H.H.); (T.-B.T.)
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147
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Vaccinate fast but leave no one behind: a call to action for COVID-19 vaccination in Spain. COMMUNICATIONS MEDICINE 2021; 1:12. [PMID: 35602186 PMCID: PMC9037315 DOI: 10.1038/s43856-021-00014-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Lazarus et al. outline the barriers slowing down the COVID-19 vaccination campaign in Spain. They issue a call to action for all stakeholders to improve access to vaccines, with a particular emphasis on reaching marginalised populations.
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148
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Stojanovic J, Boucher VG, Gagne M, Gupta S, Joyal-Desmarais K, Paduano S, Aburub AS, Sheinfeld Gorin SN, Kassianos AP, Ribeiro PAB, Bacon SL, Lavoie KL. Global Trends and Correlates of COVID-19 Vaccination Hesitancy: Findings from the iCARE Study. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:661. [PMID: 34204379 PMCID: PMC8235754 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9060661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The success of large-scale COVID-19 vaccination campaigns is contingent upon people being willing to receive the vaccine. Our study explored COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and its correlates in eight different countries around the globe. We analyzed convenience sample data collected between March 2020 and January 2021 as part of the iCARE cross-sectional study. Univariate and multivariate statistical analyses were conducted to explore the correlates of vaccine hesitancy. We included 32,028 participants from eight countries, and observed that 27% of the participants exhibited vaccine hesitancy, with increases over time. France reported the highest level of hesitancy (47.3%) and Brazil reported the lowest (9.6%). Women, younger individuals (≤29 years), people living in rural areas, and those with a lower perceived income were more likely to be hesitant. People who previously received an influenza vaccine were 70% less likely to report COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. We observed that people reporting greater COVID-19 health concerns were less likely to be hesitant, whereas people with higher personal financial concerns were more likely to be hesitant. Our findings indicate that there is substantial vaccine hesitancy in several countries, with cross-national differences in the magnitude and direction of the trend. Vaccination communication initiatives should target hesitant individuals (women, younger adults, people with lower incomes and those living in rural areas), and should highlight the immediate health, social and economic benefits of vaccination across these settings. Country-level analyses are warranted to understand the complex psychological, socio-environmental, and cultural factors associated with vaccine hesitancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jovana Stojanovic
- Department of Health, Kinesiology & Applied Physiology, Concordia University, Montréal, QC H4B 1R6, Canada; (J.S.); (K.J.-D.); (S.L.B.)
- Montreal Behavioural Medicine Centre, Research Centre, Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé et de Services Sociaux du Nord de l’Ile de Montréal (CIUSSS-NIM), Montréal, QC H4J 1C5, Canada; (V.G.B.); (P.A.B.R.)
| | - Vincent G. Boucher
- Montreal Behavioural Medicine Centre, Research Centre, Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé et de Services Sociaux du Nord de l’Ile de Montréal (CIUSSS-NIM), Montréal, QC H4J 1C5, Canada; (V.G.B.); (P.A.B.R.)
- Department of Psychology, University of Québec at Montreal (UQAM), Montréal, QC C3H 3P8, Canada
| | - Myriam Gagne
- Unity Health Toronto, Department of Medicine, Division of Respirology, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, ON M5B 1W8, Canada; (M.G.); (S.G.)
| | - Samir Gupta
- Unity Health Toronto, Department of Medicine, Division of Respirology, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, ON M5B 1W8, Canada; (M.G.); (S.G.)
- Keenan Research Center, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M52 3M2, Canada
| | - Keven Joyal-Desmarais
- Department of Health, Kinesiology & Applied Physiology, Concordia University, Montréal, QC H4B 1R6, Canada; (J.S.); (K.J.-D.); (S.L.B.)
- Montreal Behavioural Medicine Centre, Research Centre, Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé et de Services Sociaux du Nord de l’Ile de Montréal (CIUSSS-NIM), Montréal, QC H4J 1C5, Canada; (V.G.B.); (P.A.B.R.)
| | - Stefania Paduano
- Section of Public Health, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy;
| | - Ala’ S. Aburub
- Physical Therapy Department, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Isra University, Queen Alia International Airport South of the Capital Amman, Amman 11622, Jordan;
| | | | - Angelos P. Kassianos
- Department of Psychology, University of Cyprus, Nicosia 2109, Cyprus;
- Department of Applied Health Research, University College London, London WC1E 7HB, UK
| | - Paula A. B. Ribeiro
- Montreal Behavioural Medicine Centre, Research Centre, Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé et de Services Sociaux du Nord de l’Ile de Montréal (CIUSSS-NIM), Montréal, QC H4J 1C5, Canada; (V.G.B.); (P.A.B.R.)
| | - Simon L. Bacon
- Department of Health, Kinesiology & Applied Physiology, Concordia University, Montréal, QC H4B 1R6, Canada; (J.S.); (K.J.-D.); (S.L.B.)
- Montreal Behavioural Medicine Centre, Research Centre, Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé et de Services Sociaux du Nord de l’Ile de Montréal (CIUSSS-NIM), Montréal, QC H4J 1C5, Canada; (V.G.B.); (P.A.B.R.)
| | - Kim L. Lavoie
- Montreal Behavioural Medicine Centre, Research Centre, Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé et de Services Sociaux du Nord de l’Ile de Montréal (CIUSSS-NIM), Montréal, QC H4J 1C5, Canada; (V.G.B.); (P.A.B.R.)
- Department of Psychology, University of Québec at Montreal (UQAM), Montréal, QC C3H 3P8, Canada
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Mesesle M. Awareness and Attitude Towards COVID-19 Vaccination and Associated Factors in Ethiopia: Cross-Sectional Study. Infect Drug Resist 2021; 14:2193-2199. [PMID: 34163184 PMCID: PMC8214020 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s316461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a deadly virus that continues to afflict many countries worldwide. The development of a COVID-19 vaccine to combat the disease's spread and devastating effects is still ongoing, and as the pandemic progresses, new, more effective vaccines are likely to be created. The aim of this study was to assess awareness and attitude towards COVID-19 vaccination in Ethiopia. METHODS A population-based cross-sectional e-survey was conducted among 425 participants from March 13, 2021 to April 10, 2021. The survey was conducted using a structured and self-reported questionnaire containing informed consent along with three sections (socio-demographic, awareness, and attitude); a multivariable logistic regression model was performed to determine the variables predicting awareness towards COVID-19 vaccinations. RESULTS The mean score of awareness was 4.3 (SD=1.1) out of 7, with the overall awareness of 40.8%, and the mean score of attitudes was 4.09 (SD=2.16) out of 9, with an overall "positive attitude" score of 24.2%. College and above educational level (AOR=2.21, 95% CI=1.32, 4.62), had access to mass media (AOR=4.75, 95% CI =2.74, 8.24), and urban residency (AOR=2.83, 95% C.I = 1.57, 5.09) were significantly associated with awareness towards COVID-19 vaccination. CONCLUSION In Ethiopia, there is a poor knowledge toward COVID-19 vaccines, according to the current report. The findings indicate that authorities should implement an urgent health education program and disseminate more reliable information. Using the media, policymakers should take measures to ensure adequate awareness of COVID-19 vaccinations with various stakeholders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Molalegn Mesesle
- School of Midwifery, College of Health Science and Medicine, Wolaita Sodo University, Wolaita Sodo, Ethiopia
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150
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Knowledge and Acceptance of COVID-19 Vaccination among Undergraduate Students from Central and Southern Italy. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:vaccines9060638. [PMID: 34200835 PMCID: PMC8230551 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9060638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
At the end of 2020, the Italian Ministry of Health launched a national vaccination campaign to counteract the COVID-19 pandemic. The present study aimed at appraising levels of knowledge about and acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination in a sample of Italian undergraduates during the first phase of the immunization plan. A web-based questionnaire was administered to students attending universities in Bari, Naples, and Rome during the period February–April 2021. Of the total of 3226 participants, 91.9% were keen to receive a COVID-19 vaccination. More than 80% gave correct answers to questions about COVID-19 vaccine administration, functioning, and effects on community health. However, only 63.8% identified the correct composition of the available vaccines. Knowledge was found to be related to sociodemographic features and COVID-19 vaccination acceptance (p < 0.05). COVID-19 vaccination acceptance was found to be related to having a previous vaccination against influenza (OR 3.806, CI 95% 1.181–12.267; p = 0.025) and knowledge (OR 4.759, CI 95% 2.106–10.753; p = 0.000). These results show a good level of awareness about COVID-19 vaccination in this population, which may indicate the effectiveness of communication strategies accompanying the COVID-19 immunization campaign in Italy.
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