101
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Zhang D, Xu Z, Cao S, Chen K, Li S, Liu X, Gao C, Zhang B, Zhou Y. An Uncanonical CCCH-Tandem Zinc-Finger Protein Represses Secondary Wall Synthesis and Controls Mechanical Strength in Rice. MOLECULAR PLANT 2018; 11:163-174. [PMID: 29175437 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2017.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Revised: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Secondary walls, which represent the bulk of biomass, have a large impact on plant growth and adaptation to environments. Secondary wall synthesis is switched and regulated by a sophisticated signaling transduction network. However, there is limited understanding of these regulatory pathways. Here, we report that ILA1-interacting protein 4 (IIP4) can repress secondary wall synthesis. IIP4 is a phosphorylation substrate of an Raf-like MAPKKK, but its function is unknown. By generating iip4 mutants and relevant transgenic plants, we found that lesions in IIP4 enhance secondary wall formation. Gene expression and transactivation activity assays revealed that IIP4 negatively regulates the expression of MYB61 and CESAs but does not bind their promoters. IIP4 interacts with NAC29/NAC31, the upstream regulators of secondary wall synthesis, and suppresses the downstream regulatory pathways in plants. Mutagenesis analyses showed that phosphomimic IIP4 proteins translocate from the nucleus to the cytoplasm, which releases interacting NACs and attenuates its repression function. Moreover, we revealed that IIPs are evolutionarily conserved and share unreported CCCH motifs, referred to as uncanonical CCCH-tandem zinc-finger proteins. Collectively, our study provides mechanistic insights into the control of secondary wall synthesis and presents an opportunity for improving relevant agronomic traits in crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongmei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zuopeng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Shaoxue Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Kunling Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shance Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiangling Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Caixia Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Baocai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
| | - Yihua Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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102
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Chantarachot T, Bailey-Serres J. Polysomes, Stress Granules, and Processing Bodies: A Dynamic Triumvirate Controlling Cytoplasmic mRNA Fate and Function. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2018; 176:254-269. [PMID: 29158329 PMCID: PMC5761823 DOI: 10.1104/pp.17.01468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 11/17/2017] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Discoveries illuminate highly regulated dynamics of mRNA translation, sequestration, and degradation within the cytoplasm of plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thanin Chantarachot
- Center for Plant Cell Biology, Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - Julia Bailey-Serres
- Center for Plant Cell Biology, Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California, Riverside, California 92521
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103
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Leng Y, Ye G, Zeng D. Genetic Dissection of Leaf Senescence in Rice. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:E2686. [PMID: 29232920 PMCID: PMC5751288 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18122686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2017] [Revised: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Leaf senescence, the final stage of leaf development, is a complex and highly regulated process that involves a series of coordinated actions at the cellular, tissue, organ, and organism levels under the control of a highly regulated genetic program. In the last decade, the use of mutants with different levels of leaf senescence phenotypes has led to the cloning and functional characterizations of a few genes, which has greatly improved the understanding of genetic mechanisms underlying leaf senescence. In this review, we summarize the recent achievements in the genetic mechanisms in rice leaf senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujia Leng
- State Key Lab for Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China.
- CAAS-IRRI Joint Laboratory for Genomics-assisted Germplasm Enhancement, Agricultural Genomics Institute in Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518120, China.
| | - Guoyou Ye
- CAAS-IRRI Joint Laboratory for Genomics-assisted Germplasm Enhancement, Agricultural Genomics Institute in Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518120, China.
| | - Dali Zeng
- State Key Lab for Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China.
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104
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Yan Z, Jia J, Yan X, Shi H, Han Y. Arabidopsis KHZ1 and KHZ2, two novel non-tandem CCCH zinc-finger and K-homolog domain proteins, have redundant roles in the regulation of flowering and senescence. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2017; 95:549-565. [PMID: 29076025 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-017-0667-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Accepted: 10/07/2017] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
The two novel CCCH zinc-finger and K-homolog (KH) proteins, KHZ1 and KHZ2, play important roles in regulating flowering and senescence redundantly in Arabidopsis. The CCCH zinc-finger proteins and K-homolog (KH) proteins play important roles in plant development and stress responses. However, the biological functions of many CCCH zinc-finger proteins and KH proteins remain uncharacterized. In Arabidopsis, KHZ1 and KHZ2 are characterized as two novel CCCH zinc-finger and KH domain proteins which belong to subfamily VII in CCCH family. We obtained khz1, khz2 mutants and khz1 khz2 double mutants, as well as overexpression (OE) lines of KHZ1 and KHZ2. Compared with the wild type (WT), the khz2 mutants displayed no defects in growth and development, and the khz1 mutants were slightly late flowering, whereas the khz1 khz2 double mutants showed a pronounced late flowering phenotype. In contrast, artificially overexpressing KHZ1 and KHZ2 led to the early flowering. Consistent with the late flowering phenotype, the expression of flowering repressor gene FLC was up-regulated, while the expression of flowering integrator and floral meristem identity (FMI) genes were down-regulated significantly in khz1 khz2. In addition, we also observed that the OE plants of KHZ1 and KHZ2 showed early leaf senescence significantly, whereas the khz1 khz2 double mutants showed delayed senescence of leaf and the whole plant. Both KHZ1 and KHZ2 were ubiquitously expressed throughout the tissues of Arabidopsis. KHZ1 and KHZ2 were localized to the nucleus, and possessed both transactivation activities and RNA-binding abilities. Taken together, we conclude that KHZ1 and KHZ2 have redundant roles in the regulation of flowering and senescence in Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongyun Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Jianheng Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Huiying Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yuzhen Han
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
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105
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Tasdighian S, Van Bel M, Li Z, Van de Peer Y, Carretero-Paulet L, Maere S. Reciprocally Retained Genes in the Angiosperm Lineage Show the Hallmarks of Dosage Balance Sensitivity. THE PLANT CELL 2017; 29:2766-2785. [PMID: 29061868 PMCID: PMC5728127 DOI: 10.1105/tpc.17.00313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Revised: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
In several organisms, particular functional categories of genes, such as regulatory and complex-forming genes, are preferentially retained after whole-genome multiplications but rarely duplicate through small-scale duplication, a pattern referred to as reciprocal retention. This peculiar duplication behavior is hypothesized to stem from constraints on the dosage balance between the genes concerned and their interaction context. However, the evidence for a relationship between reciprocal retention and dosage balance sensitivity remains fragmentary. Here, we identified which gene families are most strongly reciprocally retained in the angiosperm lineage and studied their functional and evolutionary characteristics. Reciprocally retained gene families exhibit stronger sequence divergence constraints and lower rates of functional and expression divergence than other gene families, suggesting that dosage balance sensitivity is a general characteristic of reciprocally retained genes. Gene families functioning in regulatory and signaling processes are much more strongly represented at the top of the reciprocal retention ranking than those functioning in multiprotein complexes, suggesting that regulatory imbalances may lead to stronger fitness effects than classical stoichiometric protein complex imbalances. Finally, reciprocally retained duplicates are often subject to dosage balance constraints for prolonged evolutionary times, which may have repercussions for the ease with which genome multiplications can engender evolutionary innovation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Setareh Tasdighian
- Ghent University, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Bioinformatics Institute Ghent, Ghent University, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Michiel Van Bel
- Ghent University, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Bioinformatics Institute Ghent, Ghent University, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Zhen Li
- Ghent University, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Bioinformatics Institute Ghent, Ghent University, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Yves Van de Peer
- Ghent University, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Bioinformatics Institute Ghent, Ghent University, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Genomics Research Institute, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0028, South Africa
| | - Lorenzo Carretero-Paulet
- Ghent University, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Bioinformatics Institute Ghent, Ghent University, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Steven Maere
- Ghent University, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Bioinformatics Institute Ghent, Ghent University, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium
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106
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Zhong M, Li S, Huang F, Qiu J, Zhang J, Sheng Z, Tang S, Wei X, Hu P. The Phosphoproteomic Response of Rice Seedlings to Cadmium Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18102055. [PMID: 28953215 PMCID: PMC5666737 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18102055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2017] [Revised: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 09/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The environmental damage caused by cadmium (Cd) pollution is of increasing concern in China. While the overall plant response to Cd has been investigated in some depth, the contribution (if any) of protein phosphorylation to the detoxification of Cd and the expression of tolerance is uncertain. Here, the molecular basis of the plant response has been explored in hydroponically raised rice seedlings exposed to 10 μΜ and 100 μΜ Cd2+ stress. An analysis of the seedlings’ quantitative phosphoproteome identified 2454 phosphosites, associated with 1244 proteins. A total of 482 of these proteins became differentially phosphorylated as a result of exposure to Cd stress; the number of proteins affected in this way was six times greater in the 100 μΜ Cd2+ treatment than in the 10 μΜ treatment. A functional analysis of the differentially phosphorylated proteins implied that a significant number was involved in signaling, in stress tolerance and in the neutralization of reactive oxygen species, while there was also a marked representation of transcription factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhong
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China.
- College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China.
| | - Sanfeng Li
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China.
| | - Fenglin Huang
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China.
- College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China.
| | - Jiehua Qiu
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China.
| | - Jian Zhang
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China.
| | - Zhonghua Sheng
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China.
| | - Shaoqing Tang
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China.
| | - Xiangjin Wei
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China.
| | - Peisong Hu
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China.
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107
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Lee S, Jeong H, Lee S, Lee J, Kim SJ, Park JW, Woo HR, Lim PO, An G, Nam HG, Hwang D. Molecular bases for differential aging programs between flag and second leaves during grain-filling in rice. Sci Rep 2017; 7:8792. [PMID: 28821707 PMCID: PMC5562787 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-07035-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Accepted: 06/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Flag leaves (FL) and second leaves (SL) in rice show differential aging patterns during monocarpic senescence. Coordination of aging programs between FL and SL is important for grain yield and quality. However, the molecular bases for differential aging programs between FL and SL have not been systematically explored in rice. Here, we performed mRNA-sequencing of FL and SL at six time points during grain-filling and identified four molecular bases for differential aging programs between FL and SL: phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, photosynthesis, amino acid (AA) transport, and hormone response. Of them, photosynthesis (carbon assimilation) and AA transport (nitrogen remobilization) predominantly occurred in FL and SL, respectively, during grain-filling. Unlike other molecular bases, AA transport showed consistent differential expression patterns between FL and SL in independent samples. Moreover, long-distance AA transporters showed invariant differential expression patterns between FL and SL after panicle removal, which was consistent to invariant differential nitrogen contents between FL and SL after panicle removal. Therefore, our results suggest that the supplies of carbon and nitrogen to seeds is functionally segregated between FL and SL and that long-distance AA transport is an invariant core program for high nitrogen remobilization in SL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinyoung Lee
- Center for Plant Ageing Research, IBS, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Daegu, 711-873, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyobin Jeong
- Center for Plant Ageing Research, IBS, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Daegu, 711-873, Republic of Korea
| | - Sichul Lee
- Center for Plant Ageing Research, IBS, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Daegu, 711-873, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinwon Lee
- Center for Plant Ageing Research, IBS, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Daegu, 711-873, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Ji Kim
- Center for Plant Ageing Research, IBS, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Daegu, 711-873, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Won Park
- Center for Plant Ageing Research, IBS, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Daegu, 711-873, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Ryun Woo
- Department of New Biology, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Daegu, 711-873, Republic of Korea
| | - Pyung Ok Lim
- Department of New Biology, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Daegu, 711-873, Republic of Korea
| | - Gynheung An
- Department of Plant Molecular Systems Biotechnology and Crop Biotech Institute, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, 446-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong Gil Nam
- Center for Plant Ageing Research, IBS, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Daegu, 711-873, Republic of Korea. .,Department of New Biology, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Daegu, 711-873, Republic of Korea.
| | - Daehee Hwang
- Center for Plant Ageing Research, IBS, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Daegu, 711-873, Republic of Korea. .,Department of New Biology, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Daegu, 711-873, Republic of Korea.
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108
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Liu H, Huang R, Ma J, Sui S, Guo Y, Liu D, Li Z, Lin Y, Li M. Two C3H Type Zinc Finger Protein Genes, CpCZF1 and CpCZF2, from Chimonanthus praecox Affect Stamen Development in Arabidopsis. Genes (Basel) 2017; 8:E199. [PMID: 28796196 PMCID: PMC5575663 DOI: 10.3390/genes8080199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2017] [Revised: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Wintersweet (Chimonanthus praecox) is a popular garden plant because of its flowering time, sweet fragrance, and ornamental value. However, research into the molecular mechanism that regulates flower development in wintersweet is still limited. In this study, we sought to investigate the molecular characteristics, expression patterns, and potential functions of two C3H-type zinc finger (CZF) protein genes, CpCZF1 and CpCZF2, which were isolated from the wintersweet flowers based on the flower developmental transcriptome database. CpCZF1 and CpCZF2 were more highly expressed in flower organs than in vegetative tissues, and during the flower development, their expression profiles were associated with flower primordial differentiation, especially that of petal and stamen primordial differentiation. Overexpression of either CpCZF1 or CpCZF2 caused alterations on stamens in transgenic Arabidopsis. The expression levels of the stamen identity-related genes, such as AGAMOUS (AG), PISTILLATA (PI), SEPALLATA1 (SEP1), SEPALLATA2 (SEP2), SEPALLATA3 (SEP3), APETALA1 (AP1), APETALA2 (AP2), and boundary gene RABBIT EAR (RBE) were significantly up-regulated in CpCZF1 overexpression lines. Additionally, the transcripts of AG, PI, APETALA3SEP1-3, AP1, and RBE were markedly increased in CpCZF2 overexpressed plant inflorescences. Moreover, CpCZF1 and CpCZF2 could interact with each other by using yeast two-hybrid and bimolecular fluorescence complementation assays. Our results suggest that CpCZF1 and CpCZF2 may be involved in the regulation of stamen development and cause the formation of abnormal flowers in transgenic Arabidopsis plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huamin Liu
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Key Laboratory of Horticulture Science for Southern Mountainous Regions, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Landscape, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Renwei Huang
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Key Laboratory of Horticulture Science for Southern Mountainous Regions, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Landscape, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Jing Ma
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Key Laboratory of Horticulture Science for Southern Mountainous Regions, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Landscape, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Shunzhao Sui
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Key Laboratory of Horticulture Science for Southern Mountainous Regions, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Landscape, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Yulong Guo
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Key Laboratory of Horticulture Science for Southern Mountainous Regions, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Landscape, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Daofeng Liu
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Key Laboratory of Horticulture Science for Southern Mountainous Regions, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Landscape, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Zhineng Li
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Key Laboratory of Horticulture Science for Southern Mountainous Regions, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Landscape, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Yechun Lin
- Upland Flue-Cured Tobacco Quality and Ecology Key Laboratory of China Tobacco, Guizhou Academy of Tobacco Science, Guiyang 550003, China.
| | - Mingyang Li
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Key Laboratory of Horticulture Science for Southern Mountainous Regions, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Landscape, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
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109
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Chen J, Chopra R, Hayes C, Morris G, Marla S, Burke J, Xin Z, Burow G. Genome-Wide Association Study of Developing Leaves' Heat Tolerance during Vegetative Growth Stages in a Sorghum Association Panel. THE PLANT GENOME 2017; 10. [PMID: 28724078 DOI: 10.3835/plantgenome2016.09.0091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Heat stress reduces grain yield and quality worldwide. Enhancing heat tolerance of crops at all developmental stages is one of the essential strategies required for sustaining agricultural production especially as frequency of temperature extremes escalates in response to climate change. Although heat tolerance mechanisms have been studied extensively in model plant species, little is known about the genetic control underlying heat stress responses of crop plants at the vegetative stage under field conditions. To dissect the genetic basis of heat tolerance in sorghum [ (L.) Moench], we performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) for traits responsive to heat stress at the vegetative stage in an association panel. Natural variation in leaf firing (LF) and leaf blotching (LB) were evaluated separately for 3 yr in experimental fields at three locations where sporadic heat waves occurred throughout the sorghum growing season. We identified nine single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that were significantly associated with LF and five SNPs that were associated with LB. Candidate genes near the SNPs were investigated and 14 were directly linked to biological pathways involved in plant stress responses including heat stress response. The findings of this study provide new knowledge on the genetic control of leaf traits responsive to heat stress in sorghum, which could aid in elucidating the genetic and molecular mechanisms of vegetative stage heat tolerance in crops. The results also provide candidate markers for molecular breeding of enhanced heat tolerance in cereal and bioenergy crops.
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110
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Tazuke A, Kinoshita T, Asayama M. The expression of a candidate cucumber fruit sugar starvation marker gene CsSEF1 is enhanced in malformed fruit induced by salinity. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2017; 23:565-570. [PMID: 28878495 PMCID: PMC5567713 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-017-0452-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2016] [Revised: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 05/25/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) gene Cucumis sativus Somatic Embryogenesis Zinc Finger 1 (CsSEF1) was suggested to be a good marker gene for sugar starvation in fruit. The expression of this gene in fruits is dramatically upregulated in plants that have suffered either complete defoliation or prolonged darkness. CsSEF1 was initially discovered as a gene that was upregulated during somatic embryogenesis. We examined the difference in fruit parts and the effect of pollination on the upregulation of CsSEF1 induced by defoliation treatment. The results indicated that the upregulation of CsSEF1 in fruit by defoliation is not dependent on the presence of developing embryos. The expression of CsSEF1 was upregulated in malformed fruit induced by salinity in which the development of placenta was arrested. Partial cutting of the distal part of the fruit showed that if placenta tissue remained there was no upregulation of CsSEF1, whereas when placenta tissue did not remain there was a marked upregulation of CsSEF1. These results could be consistently interpreted as showing that placenta tissue induced the transport of photoassimilates to the fruit and that without developing placenta tissue, pericarp tissue suffers from severe sugar starvation. This interpretation, in turn, enforces the view that CsSEF1 is a good marker gene of fruit sugar starvation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akio Tazuke
- College of Agriculture, Ibaraki University, Ami, Ibaraki Japan
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111
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Seeve CM, Cho IJ, Hearne LB, Srivastava GP, Joshi T, Smith DO, Sharp RE, Oliver MJ. Water-deficit-induced changes in transcription factor expression in maize seedlings. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2017; 40:686-701. [PMID: 28039925 DOI: 10.1111/pce.12891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Revised: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Plants tolerate water deficits by regulating gene networks controlling cellular and physiological traits to modify growth and development. Transcription factor (TF)-directed regulation of transcription within these gene networks is key to eliciting appropriate responses. In this study, reverse transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) was used to examine the abundance of 618 transcripts from 536 TF genes in individual root and shoot tissues of maize seedlings grown in vermiculite under well-watered (water potential of -0.02 MPa) and water-deficit conditions (water potentials of -0.3 and -1.6 MPa). A linear mixed model identified 433 TF transcripts representing 392 genes that differed significantly in abundance in at least one treatment, including TFs that intersect growth and development and environmental stress responses. TFs were extensively differentially regulated across stressed maize seedling tissues. Hierarchical clustering revealed TFs with stress-induced increased abundance in primary root tips that likely regulate root growth responses to water deficits, possibly as part of abscisic acid and/or auxin-dependent signaling pathways. Ten of these TFs were selected for validation in nodal root tips of drought-stressed field-grown plants (late V1 to early V2 stage). Changes in abundance of these TF transcripts under a field drought were similar to those observed in the seedling system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Candace M Seeve
- Plant Genetics Research Unit, USDA-ARS, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
- Interdisciplinary Plant Group, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - In-Jeong Cho
- Plant Genetics Research Unit, USDA-ARS, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Leonard B Hearne
- Statistics Department, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | | | - Trupti Joshi
- Interdisciplinary Plant Group, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
- Informatics Institute and Christopher S Bond Life Science Center, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Dante O Smith
- Interdisciplinary Plant Group, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
- Division of Plant Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Robert E Sharp
- Interdisciplinary Plant Group, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
- Division of Plant Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Melvin J Oliver
- Interdisciplinary Plant Group, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
- Division of Plant Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
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112
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Yin X, Hiraga S, Hajika M, Nishimura M, Komatsu S. Transcriptomic analysis reveals the flooding tolerant mechanism in flooding tolerant line and abscisic acid treated soybean. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2017; 93:479-496. [PMID: 28012053 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-016-0576-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2016] [Accepted: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Soybean is highly sensitive to flooding stress and exhibits markedly reduced plant growth and grain yield under flooding conditions. To explore the mechanisms underlying initial flooding tolerance in soybean, RNA sequencing-based transcriptomic analysis was performed using a flooding-tolerant line and ABA-treated soybean. A total of 31 genes included 12 genes that exhibited similar temporal patterns were commonly changed in these plant groups in response to flooding and they were mainly involved in RNA regulation and protein metabolism. The mRNA expression of matrix metalloproteinase, glucose-6-phosphate isomerase, ATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 1, and cytochrome P450 77A1 was up-regulated in wild-type soybean under flooding conditions; however, no changes were detected in the flooding-tolerant line or ABA-treated soybean. The mRNA expression of cytochrome P450 77A1 was specifically up-regulated in root tips by flooding stress, but returned to the level found in control plants following treatment with the P450 inhibitor uniconazole. The survival ratio and root fresh weight of plants were markedly improved by 3-h uniconazole treatment under flooding stress. Taken together, these results suggest that cytochrome P450 77A1 is suppressed by uniconazole treatment and that this inhibition may enhance soybean tolerance to flooding stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojian Yin
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, 305-8572, Japan
- Institute of Crop Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Kannondai 2-1-2, Tsukuba, 305-8518, Japan
| | - Susumu Hiraga
- Institute of Crop Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Kannondai 2-1-2, Tsukuba, 305-8518, Japan
| | - Makita Hajika
- Institute of Crop Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Kannondai 2-1-2, Tsukuba, 305-8518, Japan
| | - Minoru Nishimura
- Graduate School of Life and Food Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, 950-2181, Japan
| | - Setsuko Komatsu
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, 305-8572, Japan.
- Institute of Crop Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Kannondai 2-1-2, Tsukuba, 305-8518, Japan.
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113
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Zhang X, Shabala S, Koutoulis A, Shabala L, Zhou M. Meta-analysis of major QTL for abiotic stress tolerance in barley and implications for barley breeding. PLANTA 2017; 245:283-295. [PMID: 27730410 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-016-2605-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2016] [Accepted: 10/04/2016] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
We projected meta-QTL (MQTL) for drought, salinity, and waterlogging tolerance to the physical map of barley through meta-analysis. The positions of these MQTL were refined and candidate genes were identified. Drought, salinity and waterlogging are three major abiotic stresses limiting barley yield worldwide. Breeding for abiotic stress-tolerant crops has drawn increased attention, and a large number of quantitative trait loci (QTL) for drought, salinity, and waterlogging tolerance in barley have been detected. However, very few QTL have been successfully used in marker-assisted selection (MAS) in breeding. In this study, we summarized 632 QTL for drought, salinity and waterlogging tolerance in barley. Among all these QTL, only 195 major QTL were used to conduct meta-analysis to refine QTL positions for MAS. Meta-analysis was used to map the summarized major QTL for drought, salinity, and waterlogging tolerance from different mapping populations on the barley physical map. The positions of identified meta-QTL (MQTL) were used to search for candidate genes for drought, salinity, and waterlogging tolerance in barley. Both MQTL3H.4 and MQTL6H.2 control drought tolerance in barley. Fine-mapped QTL for salinity tolerance, HvNax4 and HvNax3, were validated on MQTL1H.4 and MQTL7H.2, respectively. MQTL2H.1 and MQTL5H.3 were also the target regions for improving salinity tolerance in barley. MQTL4H.4 is the main region controlling waterlogging tolerance in barley with fine-mapped QTL for aerenchyma formation under waterlogging conditions. Detected and refined MQTL and candidate genes are crucial for future successful MAS in barley breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuechen Zhang
- School of Land and Food, University of Tasmania, P.O. Box 46, Kings Meadows, Tasmania, TAS 7249, Australia
| | - Sergey Shabala
- School of Land and Food, University of Tasmania, P.O. Box 46, Kings Meadows, Tasmania, TAS 7249, Australia
| | - Anthony Koutoulis
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 55, Hobart, TAS 7001, Australia
| | - Lana Shabala
- School of Land and Food, University of Tasmania, P.O. Box 46, Kings Meadows, Tasmania, TAS 7249, Australia
| | - Meixue Zhou
- School of Land and Food, University of Tasmania, P.O. Box 46, Kings Meadows, Tasmania, TAS 7249, Australia.
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114
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Huang H, Nguyen Thi Thu T, He X, Gravot A, Bernillon S, Ballini E, Morel JB. Increase of Fungal Pathogenicity and Role of Plant Glutamine in Nitrogen-Induced Susceptibility (NIS) To Rice Blast. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:265. [PMID: 28293247 PMCID: PMC5329020 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Highlight Modifications in glutamine synthetase OsGS1-2 expression and fungal pathogenicity underlie nitrogen-induced susceptibility to rice blast. Understanding why nitrogen fertilization increase the impact of many plant diseases is of major importance. The interaction between Magnaporthe oryzae and rice was used as a model for analyzing the molecular mechanisms underlying Nitrogen-Induced Susceptibility (NIS). We show that our experimental system in which nitrogen supply strongly affects rice blast susceptibility only slightly affects plant growth. In order to get insights into the mechanisms of NIS, we conducted a dual RNA-seq experiment on rice infected tissues under two nitrogen fertilization regimes. On the one hand, we show that enhanced susceptibility was visible despite an over-induction of defense gene expression by infection under high nitrogen regime. On the other hand, the fungus expressed to high levels effectors and pathogenicity-related genes in plants under high nitrogen regime. We propose that in plants supplied with elevated nitrogen fertilization, the observed enhanced induction of plant defense is over-passed by an increase in the expression of the fungal pathogenicity program, thus leading to enhanced susceptibility. Moreover, some rice genes implicated in nitrogen recycling were highly induced during NIS. We further demonstrate that the OsGS1-2 glutamine synthetase gene enhances plant resistance to M. oryzae and abolishes NIS and pinpoint glutamine as a potential key nutrient during NIS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huichuan Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Key Laboratory of Agro-Biodiversity and Pest Management of Education Ministry of China, Yunnan Agricultural UniversityKunming, China
| | | | - Xiahong He
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Key Laboratory of Agro-Biodiversity and Pest Management of Education Ministry of China, Yunnan Agricultural UniversityKunming, China
| | | | - Stéphane Bernillon
- INRA, UMR1332, Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Plateforme Métabolome de BordeauxVillenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Elsa Ballini
- SupAgro, UMR BGPI Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique/CIRAD/SupAgro, Campus International de BaillarguetMontpellier, France
| | - Jean-Benoit Morel
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, UMR BGPI Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique/CIRAD/SupAgro, Campus International de BaillarguetMontpellier, France
- *Correspondence: Jean-Benoit Morel
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115
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Yoo YH, Nalini Chandran AK, Park JC, Gho YS, Lee SW, An G, Jung KH. OsPhyB-Mediating Novel Regulatory Pathway for Drought Tolerance in Rice Root Identified by a Global RNA-Seq Transcriptome Analysis of Rice Genes in Response to Water Deficiencies. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:580. [PMID: 28491065 PMCID: PMC5405136 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 03/30/2017] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Water deficiencies are one of the most serious challenges to crop productivity. To improve our understanding of soil moisture stress, we performed RNA-Seq analysis using roots from 4-week-old rice seedlings grown in soil that had been subjected to drought conditions for 2-3 d. In all, 1,098 genes were up-regulated in response to soil moisture stress for 3 d, which causes severe damage in root development after recovery, unlikely that of 2 d. Comparison with previous transcriptome data produced in drought condition indicated that more than 68% of our candidate genes were not previously identified, emphasizing the novelty of our transcriptome analysis for drought response in soil condition. We then validated the expression patterns of two candidate genes using a promoter-GUS reporter system in planta and monitored the stress response with novel molecular markers. An integrating omics tool, MapMan analysis, indicated that RING box E3 ligases in the ubiquitin-proteasome pathways are significantly stimulated by induced drought. We also analyzed the functions of 66 candidate genes that have been functionally investigated previously, suggesting the primary roles of our candidate genes in resistance or tolerance relating traits including drought tolerance (29 genes) through literature searches besides diverse regulatory roles of our candidate genes for morphological traits (15 genes) or physiological traits (22 genes). Of these, we used a T-DNA insertional mutant of rice phytochrome B (OsPhyB) that negatively regulates a plant's degree of tolerance to water deficiencies through the control of total leaf area and stomatal density based on previous finding. Unlike previous result, we found that OsPhyB represses the activity of ascorbate peroxidase and catalase mediating reactive oxygen species (ROS) processing machinery required for drought tolerance of roots in soil condition, suggesting the potential significance of remaining uncharacterized candidate genes for manipulating drought tolerance in rice.
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116
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Jang JC. Arginine-rich motif-tandem CCCH zinc finger proteins in plant stress responses and post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2016; 252:118-124. [PMID: 27717446 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2016.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2016] [Revised: 05/19/2016] [Accepted: 06/20/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Tandem CCCH zinc finger (TZF) proteins are evolutionarily conserved regulators of gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. TZFs target AU-rich RNA elements at 3' un-translated region and recruit catabolic machineries to trigger mRNA degradation. The plant TZF families are over-represented by a class of proteins with a unique TZF domain preceded by an arginine-rich motif (RR-TZF). RR-TZF proteins are mainly involved in hormone- and environmental cues-mediated plant growth and stress responses. Numerous reports have suggested that RR-TZF proteins control seed germination, plant size, flowering time, and biotic and abiotic stress responses via regulation of gene expression. Despite growing genetic evidence, the underlying molecular mechanisms are elusive. This review outlines the highly conserved roles of plant RR-TZFs in various stress responses and the potential involvements of RR-TZF proteins in transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression. The dynamic subcellular localization of RR-TZF proteins, implication of predominant protein-protein interactions between RR-TZF proteins and stress response mediators and future directions of this research field are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyan-Chyun Jang
- Department of Horticulture and Crop Science, Molecular Genetics, and Center for Applied Plant Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
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117
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Fang C, Zhang H, Wan J, Wu Y, Li K, Jin C, Chen W, Wang S, Wang W, Zhang H, Zhang P, Zhang F, Qu L, Liu X, Zhou DX, Luo J. Control of Leaf Senescence by an MeOH-Jasmonates Cascade that Is Epigenetically Regulated by OsSRT1 in Rice. MOLECULAR PLANT 2016; 9:1366-1378. [PMID: 27477683 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2016.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2016] [Revised: 06/27/2016] [Accepted: 07/16/2016] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Although considerable progress has been made in identifying the genes regulating accumulation of hormones that are involved in leaf senescence, only a few studies have focused on natural variations in jasmonates content and much less on the underlying genetic basis. Moreover, the epigenetic regulation of jasmonate-mediated leaf senescence remains largely unknown. In this study, we carried out metabolic profiling of a worldwide collection of rice accessions and demonstrated that there are substantial variations in jasmonate levels among these accessions. A subsequent metabolite-based genome-wide association study identified candidates for two major quantitative genes (QTGs), OsPME1 and OsTSD2, affecting the content of jasmonates. Further investigations using a series of relevant mutants and transgenic lines revealed the MeOH-jasmonate cascade plays an important role in regulating leaf senescence. Moreover, we showed that OsSRT1, one of the two Sir2 (silent information regulator 2) homologs in rice, negatively regulates leaf senescence by repressing expression of the biosynthetic genes of this metabolic cascade and at least particially through histone H3K9 deacetylation of OsPME1. Taken together, our results indicate that the MeOH-jasmonates cascade and its epigenetic regulation are crucial for controlling leaf senescence process in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- ChuanYing Fang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jian Wan
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - YangYang Wu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Kang Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Cheng Jin
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Wei Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - ShouChuang Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - WenSheng Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - HaiWei Zhang
- Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Pan Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Fei Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - LiangHuan Qu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xianqing Liu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Dao-Xiu Zhou
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-sud 11, Orsay 91405, France
| | - Jie Luo
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
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118
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Liu J, Shen J, Xu Y, Li X, Xiao J, Xiong L. Ghd2, a CONSTANS-like gene, confers drought sensitivity through regulation of senescence in rice. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2016; 67:5785-5798. [PMID: 27638689 PMCID: PMC5066496 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erw344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
CONSTANS (CO)-like genes have been intensively investigated for their roles in the regulation of photoperiodic flowering, but very limited information has been reported on their functions in other biological processes. Here, we found that a CO-like gene, Ghd2 (Grain number, plant height, and heading date2), which can increase the yield potential under normal growth condition just like its homologue Ghd7, is involved in the regulation of leaf senescence and drought resistance. Ghd2 is expressed mainly in the rice (Oryza sativa) leaf with the highest level detected at the grain-filling stage, and it is down-regulated by drought stress conditions. Overexpression of Ghd2 resulted in significantly reduced drought resistance, while its knockout mutant showed the opposite phenotype. The earlier senescence symptoms and the transcript up-regulation of many senescence-associated genes (SAGs) in Ghd2-overexpressing transgenic rice plants under drought stress conditions indicate that Ghd2 plays essential roles in accelerating drought-induced leaf senescence in rice. Moreover, developmental and dark-induced leaf senescence was accelerated in the Ghd2-overexpressing rice and delayed in the ghd2 mutant. Several SAGs were confirmed to be regulated by Ghd2 using a transient expression system in rice protoplasts. Ghd2 interacted with several regulatory proteins, including OsARID3, OsPURα, and three 14-3-3 proteins. OsARID3 and OsPURα showed expression patterns similar to Ghd2 in rice leaves, with the highest levels at the grain-filling stage, whereas OsARID3 and the 14-3-3 genes responded differently to drought stress conditions. These results indicate that Ghd2 functions as a regulator by integrating environmental signals with the senescence process into a developmental programme through interaction with different proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juhong Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jianqiang Shen
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yan Xu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xianghua Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jinghua Xiao
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Lizhong Xiong
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
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119
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Kawa D, Testerink C. Regulation of mRNA decay in plant responses to salt and osmotic stress. Cell Mol Life Sci 2016; 74:1165-1176. [PMID: 27677492 PMCID: PMC5346435 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-016-2376-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Revised: 09/09/2016] [Accepted: 09/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Plant acclimation to environmental stresses requires fast signaling to initiate changes in developmental and metabolic responses. Regulation of gene expression by transcription factors and protein kinases acting upstream are important elements of responses to salt and drought. Gene expression can be also controlled at the post-transcriptional level. Recent analyses on mutants in mRNA metabolism factors suggest their contribution to stress signaling. Here we highlight the components of mRNA decay pathways that contribute to responses to osmotic and salt stress. We hypothesize that phosphorylation state of proteins involved in mRNA decapping affect their substrate specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Kawa
- Plant Cell Biology, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Postbus 94215, 1090 GE, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Christa Testerink
- Plant Cell Biology, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Postbus 94215, 1090 GE, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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120
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Ouyang K, Li J, Zhao X, Que Q, Li P, Huang H, Deng X, Singh SK, Wu AM, Chen X. Transcriptomic Analysis of Multipurpose Timber Yielding Tree Neolamarckia cadamba during Xylogenesis Using RNA-Seq. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0159407. [PMID: 27438485 PMCID: PMC4954708 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0159407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Accepted: 07/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Neolamarckia cadamba is a fast-growing tropical hardwood tree that is used extensively for plywood and pulp production, light furniture fabrication, building materials, and as a raw material for the preparation of certain indigenous medicines. Lack of genomic resources hampers progress in the molecular breeding and genetic improvement of this multipurpose tree species. In this study, transcriptome profiling of differentiating stems was performed to understand N. cadamba xylogenesis. The N. cadamba transcriptome was sequenced using Illumina paired-end sequencing technology. This generated 42.49 G of raw data that was then de novo assembled into 55,432 UniGenes with a mean length of 803.2bp. Approximately 47.8% of the UniGenes (26,487) were annotated against publically available protein databases, among which 21,699 and 7,754 UniGenes were assigned to Gene Ontology categories (GO) and Clusters of Orthologous Groups (COG), respectively. 5,589 UniGenes could be mapped onto 116 pathways using the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway database. Among 6,202 UniGenes exhibiting differential expression during xylogenesis, 1,634 showed significantly higher levels of expression in the basal and middle stem segments compared to the apical stem segment. These genes included NAC and MYB transcription factors related to secondary cell wall biosynthesis, genes related to most metabolic steps of lignin biosynthesis, and CesA genes involved in cellulose biosynthesis. This study lays the foundation for further screening of key genes associated with xylogenesis in N. cadamba as well as enhancing our understanding of the mechanism of xylogenesis in fast-growing trees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunxi Ouyang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources (South China Agricultural University), Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Province Research Center of Woody Forage Engineering Technology, Guangzhou, China
- College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Juncheng Li
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources (South China Agricultural University), Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Province Research Center of Woody Forage Engineering Technology, Guangzhou, China
- College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xianhai Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources (South China Agricultural University), Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Province Research Center of Woody Forage Engineering Technology, Guangzhou, China
- College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qingmin Que
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources (South China Agricultural University), Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Province Research Center of Woody Forage Engineering Technology, Guangzhou, China
- College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pei Li
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources (South China Agricultural University), Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Province Research Center of Woody Forage Engineering Technology, Guangzhou, China
- College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hao Huang
- Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, P.R. China
| | - Xiaomei Deng
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, Guangzhou, China
- College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sunil Kumar Singh
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, The MS University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat, India
| | - Ai-Min Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources (South China Agricultural University), Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Province Research Center of Woody Forage Engineering Technology, Guangzhou, China
- College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- * E-mail: (AW); (XC)
| | - Xiaoyang Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources (South China Agricultural University), Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Province Research Center of Woody Forage Engineering Technology, Guangzhou, China
- College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- * E-mail: (AW); (XC)
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121
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Qin P, Lin Y, Hu Y, Liu K, Mao S, Li Z, Wang J, Liu Y, Wei Y, Zheng Y. Genome-wide association study of drought-related resistance traits in Aegilops tauschii. Genet Mol Biol 2016; 39:398-407. [PMID: 27560650 PMCID: PMC5004832 DOI: 10.1590/1678-4685-gmb-2015-0232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2015] [Accepted: 12/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The D-genome progenitor of wheat (Triticum aestivum), Aegilops tauschii, possesses numerous genes for resistance to abiotic stresses, including drought. Therefore, information on the genetic architecture of A. tauschii can aid the development of drought-resistant wheat varieties. Here, we evaluated 13 traits in 373 A. tauschii accessions grown under normal and polyethylene glycol-simulated drought stress conditions and performed a genome-wide association study using 7,185 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers. We identified 208 and 28 SNPs associated with all traits using the general linear model and mixed linear model, respectively, while both models detected 25 significant SNPs with genome-wide distribution. Public database searches revealed several candidate/flanking genes related to drought resistance that were grouped into three categories according to the type of encoded protein (enzyme, storage protein, and drought-induced protein). This study provided essential information for SNPs and genes related to drought resistance in A. tauschii and wheat, and represents a foundation for breeding drought-resistant wheat cultivars using marker-assisted selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Qin
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, China.,College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Yu Lin
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, China
| | - Yaodong Hu
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Kun Liu
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, China
| | - Shuangshuang Mao
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhanyi Li
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, China
| | - Jirui Wang
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, China
| | - Yaxi Liu
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuming Wei
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, China
| | - Youliang Zheng
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, China
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Wei L, Jian H, Lu K, Filardo F, Yin N, Liu L, Qu C, Li W, Du H, Li J. Genome-wide association analysis and differential expression analysis of resistance to Sclerotinia stem rot in Brassica napus. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2016; 14:1368-80. [PMID: 26563848 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.12501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2015] [Revised: 10/08/2015] [Accepted: 10/13/2015] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Brassica napus is one of the most important oil crops in the world, and stem rot caused by the fungus Sclerotinia sclerotiorum results in major losses in yield and quality. To elucidate resistance genes and pathogenesis-related genes, genome-wide association analysis of 347 accessions was performed using the Illumina 60K Brassica SNP (single nucleotide polymorphism) array. In addition, the detached stem inoculation assay was used to select five highly resistant (R) and susceptible (S) B. napus lines, 48 h postinoculation with S. sclerotiorum for transcriptome sequencing. We identified 17 significant associations for stem resistance on chromosomes A8 and C6, five of which were on A8 and 12 on C6. The SNPs identified on A8 were located in a 409-kb haplotype block, and those on C6 were consistent with previous QTL mapping efforts. Transcriptome analysis suggested that S. sclerotiorum infection activates the immune system, sulphur metabolism, especially glutathione (GSH) and glucosinolates in both R and S genotypes. Genes found to be specific to the R genotype related to the jasmonic acid pathway, lignin biosynthesis, defence response, signal transduction and encoding transcription factors. Twenty-four genes were identified in both the SNP-trait association and transcriptome sequencing analyses, including a tau class glutathione S-transferase (GSTU) gene cluster. This study provides useful insight into the molecular mechanisms underlying the plant's response to S. sclerotiorum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Wei
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hongju Jian
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Kun Lu
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Fiona Filardo
- Queensland Department of Agriculture and Fisheries (QDAF), Ecosciences Precinct, Brisbane, Old, Australia
| | - Nengwen Yin
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Liezhao Liu
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Cunmin Qu
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wei Li
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hai Du
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiana Li
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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Guo C, Luo C, Guo L, Li M, Guo X, Zhang Y, Wang L, Chen L. OsSIDP366, a DUF1644 gene, positively regulates responses to drought and salt stresses in rice. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2016; 58:492-502. [PMID: 26172270 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.12376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2015] [Accepted: 07/07/2015] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Domain of unknown function 1644 (DUF1644) is a highly conserved amino acid sequence motif present only in plants. Analysis of expression data of the family of DUF1644-containing genes indicated that they may regulate responses to abiotic stress in rice. Here we present our discovery of the role of OsSIDP366, a member of the DUF1644 gene family, in response to drought and salinity stresses in rice. Transgenic rice plants overexpressing OsSIDP366 showed enhanced drought and salinity tolerance and reduced water loss as compared to that in the control, whereas plants with downregulated OsSIDP366 expression levels using RNA interference (RNAi) were more sensitive to salinity and drought treatments. The sensitivity to abscisic acid (ABA) treatment was not changed in OsSIDP366-overexpressing plants, and OsSIDP366 expression was not affected in ABA-deficient mutants. Subcellular localization analysis revealed that OsSIDP366 is presented in the cytoplasmic foci that colocalized with protein markers for both processing bodies (PBs) and stress granules (SGs) in rice protoplasts. Digital gene expression (DGE) profile analysis indicated that stress-related genes such as SNAC1, OsHAK5 and PRs were upregulated in OsSIDP366-overexpressing plants. These results suggest that OsSIDP366 may function as a regulator of the PBs/SGs and positively regulate salt and drought resistance in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiming Guo
- Xiamen Key Laboratory for Plant Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Chengke Luo
- Xiamen Key Laboratory for Plant Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Lijia Guo
- Xiamen Key Laboratory for Plant Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Min Li
- Xiamen Key Laboratory for Plant Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Xiaoling Guo
- College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Yuxia Zhang
- Xiamen Key Laboratory for Plant Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Liangjiang Wang
- Department of Genetics and Biochemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, 29634, USA
| | - Liang Chen
- Xiamen Key Laboratory for Plant Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
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Bogamuwa S, Jang JC. Plant Tandem CCCH Zinc Finger Proteins Interact with ABA, Drought, and Stress Response Regulators in Processing-Bodies and Stress Granules. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0151574. [PMID: 26978070 PMCID: PMC4792416 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0151574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2015] [Accepted: 03/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Although multiple lines of evidence have indicated that Arabidopsis thalianaTandem CCCH Zinc Finger proteins, AtTZF4, 5 and 6 are involved in ABA, GA and phytochrome mediated seed germination responses, the interacting proteins involved in these processes are unknown. Using yeast two-hybrid screens, we have identified 35 putative AtTZF5 interacting protein partners. Among them, Mediator of ABA-Regulated Dormancy 1 (MARD1) is highly expressed in seeds and involved in ABA signal transduction, while Responsive to Dehydration 21A (RD21A) is a well-documented stress responsive protein. Co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) and bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) assays were used to confirm that AtTZF5 can interact with MARD1 and RD21A in plant cells, and the interaction is mediated through TZF motif. In addition, AtTZF4 and 6 could also interact with MARD1 and RD21A in Y-2-H and BiFC assay, respectively. The protein-protein interactions apparently take place in processing bodies (PBs) and stress granules (SGs), because AtTZF5, MARD1 and RD21A could interact and co-localize with each other and they all can co-localize with the same PB and SG markers in plant cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srimathi Bogamuwa
- Department of Horticulture and Crop Science, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Jyan-Chyun Jang
- Department of Horticulture and Crop Science, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
- Department of Molecular Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
- Center for Applied Plant Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
- Ohio Agriculture Research and Development Center, The Ohio State University, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Seok HY, Woo DH, Park HY, Lee SY, Tran HT, Lee EH, Vu Nguyen L, Moon YH. AtC3H17, a Non-Tandem CCCH Zinc Finger Protein, Functions as a Nuclear Transcriptional Activator and Has Pleiotropic Effects on Vegetative Development, Flowering and Seed Development in Arabidopsis. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2016; 57:603-15. [PMID: 26858286 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcw013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2015] [Accepted: 01/13/2016] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Despite increasing reports that CCCH zinc finger proteins function in plant development and stress responses, the functions and molecular aspects of many CCCH zinc finger proteins remain uncharacterized. Here, we characterized the biological and molecular functions of AtC3H17, a unique Arabidopsis gene encoding a non-tandem CCCH zinc finger protein. AtC3H17 was ubiquitously expressed throughout the life cycle of Arabidopsis plants and their organs. The rate and ratio of seed germination of atc3h17 mutants were slightly slower and lower, respectively, than those of the wild type (WT), whereas AtC3H17-overexpressing transgenic plants (OXs) showed an enhanced germination rate. atc3h17 mutant seedlings were smaller and lighter than WT seedlings while AtC3H17 OX seedlings were larger and heavier. In regulation of flowering time, atc3h17 mutants showed delayed flowering, whereas AtC3H17 OXs showed early flowering compared with the WT. In addition, overexpression of AtC3H17 affected seed development, displaying abnormalities compared with the WT. AtC3H17 protein was localized to the nucleus and showed transcriptional activation activity in yeast and Arabidopsis protoplasts. The N-terminal region of AtC3H17, containing a conserved EELR-like motif, was necessary for transcriptional activation activity, and the two conserved glutamate residues in the EELR-like motif played an important role in transcriptional activation activity. Real-time PCR and transactivation analyses showed that AtC3H17 might be involved in seed development via transcriptional activation of OLEO1, OLEO2 and CRU3. Our results suggest that AtC3H17 has pleiotropic effects on vegetative development such as seed germination and seedling growth, flowering and seed development, and functions as a nuclear transcriptional activator in Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Yeon Seok
- Department of Molecular Biology, Pusan National University, Busan, 609-735, Korea These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Dong-Hyuk Woo
- Department of Molecular Biology, Pusan National University, Busan, 609-735, Korea These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Hee-Yeon Park
- Department of Molecular Biology, Pusan National University, Busan, 609-735, Korea
| | - Sun-Young Lee
- Department of Molecular Biology, Pusan National University, Busan, 609-735, Korea
| | - Huong T Tran
- Department of Molecular Biology, Pusan National University, Busan, 609-735, Korea
| | - Eun-Hye Lee
- Department of Molecular Biology, Pusan National University, Busan, 609-735, Korea
| | - Linh Vu Nguyen
- Department of Molecular Biology, Pusan National University, Busan, 609-735, Korea
| | - Yong-Hwan Moon
- Department of Molecular Biology, Pusan National University, Busan, 609-735, Korea
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Gupta B, Sengupta A, Gupta K. Commentary: Conservation of AtTZF1, AtTZF2, and AtTZF3 homolog gene regulation by salt stress in evolutionarily distant plant species. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:254. [PMID: 26941776 PMCID: PMC4765391 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.00254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2015] [Accepted: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
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W-box and G-box elements play important roles in early senescence of rice flag leaf. Sci Rep 2016; 6:20881. [PMID: 26864250 PMCID: PMC4749992 DOI: 10.1038/srep20881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2015] [Accepted: 01/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant cis-elements play important roles in global regulation of gene expression. Based on microarray data from rice flag leaves during early senescence, we identified W-box and G-box cis-elements as positive regulators of senescence in the important rice variety Minghui 63. Both cis-elements were bound by leaf senescence-specific proteins in vitro and influenced senescence in vivo. Furthermore, combination of the two elements drove enhanced expression during leaf senescence, and copy numbers of the cis-elements significantly affected the levels of expression. The W-box is the cognate cis-element for WRKY proteins, while the G-box is the cognate cis-element for bZIP, bHLH and NAC proteins. Consistent with this, WRKY, bZIP, bHLH and NAC family members were overrepresented among transcription factor genes up-regulated according during senescence. Crosstalk between ABA, CTK, BR, auxin, GA and JA during senescence was uncovered by comparing expression patterns of senescence up-regulated transcription factors. Together, our results indicate that hormone-mediated signaling could converge on leaf senescence at the transcriptional level through W-box and G-box elements. Considering that there are very few documented early senescence-related cis-elements, our results significantly contribute to understanding the regulation of flag leaf senescence and provide prioritized targets for stay-green trait improvement.
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128
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Grondin A, Mauleon R, Vadez V, Henry A. Root aquaporins contribute to whole plant water fluxes under drought stress in rice (Oryza sativa L.). PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2016; 39:347-65. [PMID: 26226878 DOI: 10.1111/pce.12616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2015] [Accepted: 07/26/2015] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Aquaporin activity and root anatomy may affect root hydraulic properties under drought stress. To better understand the function of aquaporins in rice root water fluxes under drought, we studied the root hydraulic conductivity (Lpr) and root sap exudation rate (Sr) in the presence or absence of an aquaporin inhibitor (azide) under well-watered conditions and following drought stress in six diverse rice varieties. Varieties varied in Lpr and Sr under both conditions. The contribution of aquaporins to Lpr was generally high (up to 79% under well-watered conditions and 85% under drought stress) and differentially regulated under drought. Aquaporin contribution to Sr increased in most varieties after drought, suggesting a crucial role for aquaporins in osmotic water fluxes during drought and recovery. Furthermore, root plasma membrane aquaporin (PIP) expression and root anatomical properties were correlated with hydraulic traits. Three chromosome regions highly correlated with hydraulic traits of the OryzaSNP panel were identified, but did not co-locate with known aquaporins. These results therefore highlight the importance of aquaporins in the rice root radial water pathway, but emphasize the complex range of additional mechanisms related to root water fluxes and drought response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Grondin
- International Rice Research Institute, Crop Environmental Sciences Division, DAPO Box 7777, Metro Manila, Philippines
- University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Lincoln, NE, 68583, USA
| | - Ramil Mauleon
- International Rice Research Institute, Crop Environmental Sciences Division, DAPO Box 7777, Metro Manila, Philippines
| | - Vincent Vadez
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, Patancheru, 502 324, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Amelia Henry
- International Rice Research Institute, Crop Environmental Sciences Division, DAPO Box 7777, Metro Manila, Philippines
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129
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Transcriptome Analysis of Salt Stress Responsiveness in the Seedlings of Dongxiang Wild Rice (Oryza rufipogon Griff.). PLoS One 2016; 11:e0146242. [PMID: 26752408 PMCID: PMC4709063 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0146242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2015] [Accepted: 12/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Dongxiang wild rice (Oryza rufipogon Griff.) is the progenitor of cultivated rice (Oryza sativa L.), and is well known for its superior level of tolerance against cold, drought and diseases. To date, however, little is known about the salt-tolerant character of Dongxiang wild rice. To elucidate the molecular genetic mechanisms of salt-stress tolerance in Dongxiang wild rice, the Illumina HiSeq 2000 platform was used to analyze the transcriptome profiles of the leaves and roots at the seedling stage under salt stress compared with those under normal conditions. The analysis results for the sequencing data showed that 6,867 transcripts were differentially expressed in the leaves (2,216 up-regulated and 4,651 down-regulated) and 4,988 transcripts in the roots (3,105 up-regulated and 1,883 down-regulated). Among these differentially expressed genes, the detection of many transcription factor genes demonstrated that multiple regulatory pathways were involved in salt stress tolerance. In addition, the differentially expressed genes were compared with the previous RNA-Seq analysis of salt-stress responses in cultivated rice Nipponbare, indicating the possible specific molecular mechanisms of salt-stress responses for Dongxiang wild rice. A large number of the salt-inducible genes identified in this study were co-localized onto fine-mapped salt-tolerance-related quantitative trait loci, providing candidates for gene cloning and elucidation of molecular mechanisms responsible for salt-stress tolerance in rice.
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130
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Joshi R, Wani SH, Singh B, Bohra A, Dar ZA, Lone AA, Pareek A, Singla-Pareek SL. Transcription Factors and Plants Response to Drought Stress: Current Understanding and Future Directions. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:1029. [PMID: 27471513 PMCID: PMC4943945 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.01029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 339] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2016] [Accepted: 06/30/2016] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Increasing vulnerability of plants to a variety of stresses such as drought, salt and extreme temperatures poses a global threat to sustained growth and productivity of major crops. Of these stresses, drought represents a considerable threat to plant growth and development. In view of this, developing staple food cultivars with improved drought tolerance emerges as the most sustainable solution toward improving crop productivity in a scenario of climate change. In parallel, unraveling the genetic architecture and the targeted identification of molecular networks using modern "OMICS" analyses, that can underpin drought tolerance mechanisms, is urgently required. Importantly, integrated studies intending to elucidate complex mechanisms can bridge the gap existing in our current knowledge about drought stress tolerance in plants. It is now well established that drought tolerance is regulated by several genes, including transcription factors (TFs) that enable plants to withstand unfavorable conditions, and these remain potential genomic candidates for their wide application in crop breeding. These TFs represent the key molecular switches orchestrating the regulation of plant developmental processes in response to a variety of stresses. The current review aims to offer a deeper understanding of TFs engaged in regulating plant's response under drought stress and to devise potential strategies to improve plant tolerance against drought.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohit Joshi
- Plant Stress Biology, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and BiotechnologyNew Delhi, India
| | - Shabir H. Wani
- Division of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of KashmirSrinagar, India
| | - Balwant Singh
- National Research Centre on Plant BiotechnologyNew Delhi, India
| | - Abhishek Bohra
- Crop Improvement Division, Indian Institute of Pulses ResearchKanpur, India
| | - Zahoor A. Dar
- Dryland Agricultural Research Station, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of KashmirBudgam, India
| | - Ajaz A. Lone
- Dryland Agricultural Research Station, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of KashmirBudgam, India
| | - Ashwani Pareek
- Stress Physiology and Molecular Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru UniversityNew Delhi, India
| | - Sneh L. Singla-Pareek
- Plant Stress Biology, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and BiotechnologyNew Delhi, India
- *Correspondence: Sneh L. Singla-Pareek,
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Zhang D, Tong J, Xu Z, Wei P, Xu L, Wan Q, Huang Y, He X, Yang J, Shao H, Ma H. Soybean C2H2-Type Zinc Finger Protein GmZFP3 with Conserved QALGGH Motif Negatively Regulates Drought Responses in Transgenic Arabidopsis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:325. [PMID: 27047508 PMCID: PMC4796006 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.00325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2015] [Accepted: 03/03/2016] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Plant response to environmental stresses is regulated by a complicated network of regulatory and functional genes. In this study, we isolated the putative stress-associated gene GmZFP3 (a C2H2-type Zinc finger protein gene) based on the previous finding that it was one of two genes located in the QTL region between the Satt590 and Satt567 markers related to soybean tolerance to drought. Temporal and spatial expression analysis using quantitative real-time PCR indicated that GmZFP3 was primarily expressed in roots, stems and leaf organs and was expressed at low levels in flowers and soybean pods. Moreover, GmZFP3 expression increased in response to polyethylene glycol (PEG) and Abscisic acid (ABA) treatments. In addition, subcellular localization analysis indicated that GmZFP3 was ubiquitously distributed in plant cells. Transgenic experiments indicated that GmZFP3 played a negative role in plant tolerance to drought. Analysis of ABA-related marker gene expression in Arabidopsis suggested that GmZFP3 might be involved in the ABA-dependent pathway during the drought stress response. Taken together, these results suggest that soybean GmZFP3 negatively regulates the drought response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dayong Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Bioresources of Saline Soils, Provincial Key Laboratory of Agrobiology, Institute of Biotechnology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Dayong Zhang
| | - Jinfeng Tong
- Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of SciencesNanjing, China
| | - Zhaolong Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Bioresources of Saline Soils, Provincial Key Laboratory of Agrobiology, Institute of Biotechnology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanjing, China
| | - Peipei Wei
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Bioresources of Saline Soils, Provincial Key Laboratory of Agrobiology, Institute of Biotechnology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanjing, China
| | - Ling Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Bioresources of Saline Soils, Provincial Key Laboratory of Agrobiology, Institute of Biotechnology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanjing, China
| | - Qun Wan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Bioresources of Saline Soils, Provincial Key Laboratory of Agrobiology, Institute of Biotechnology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanjing, China
| | - Yihong Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Bioresources of Saline Soils, Provincial Key Laboratory of Agrobiology, Institute of Biotechnology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanjing, China
| | - Xiaolan He
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Bioresources of Saline Soils, Provincial Key Laboratory of Agrobiology, Institute of Biotechnology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanjing, China
| | - Jiayin Yang
- Huaiyin Institute of Agricultural Sciences of Xuhuai Region in JiangsuHuai'an, China
| | - Hongbo Shao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Bioresources of Saline Soils, Provincial Key Laboratory of Agrobiology, Institute of Biotechnology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Biology and Bioresources Utilization, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of SciencesYantai, China
- Hongbo Shao
| | - Hongxiang Ma
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Bioresources of Saline Soils, Provincial Key Laboratory of Agrobiology, Institute of Biotechnology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanjing, China
- Hongxiang Ma
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Jeong HJ, Jung KH. Rice tissue-specific promoters and condition-dependent promoters for effective translational application. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2015; 57:913-24. [PMID: 25882130 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.12362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2015] [Accepted: 04/15/2015] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Rice (Oryza sativa) is one of the most important staple food crops for more than half of the world's population. The demand is increasing for food security because of population growth and environmental challenges triggered by climate changes. This scenario has led to more interest in developing crops with greater productivity and sustainability. The process of genetic transformation, a major tool for crop improvement, utilizes promoters as one of its key elements. Those promoters are generally divided into three types: constitutive, spatiotemporal, and condition-dependent. Transcriptional control of a constitutive promoter often leads to reduced plant growth, due to a negative effect of accumulated molecules during cellular functions or energy consumption. To maximize the effect of a transgene on transgenic plants, it is better to use condition-dependent or tissue-specific promoters. However, until now, those types have not been as widely applied in crop biotechnology. In this review, we introduce and discuss four groups of tissue-specific promoters (50 promoters in total) and six groups of condition-dependent promoters (27 promoters). These promoters can be utilized to fine-tune desirable agronomic traits and develop crops with tolerance to various stresses, enhanced nutritional value, and advanced productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee-Jeong Jeong
- Department of Plant Molecular Systems Biotechnology and Crop Biotech Institute, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Korea
| | - Ki-Hong Jung
- Department of Plant Molecular Systems Biotechnology and Crop Biotech Institute, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Korea
- Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Korea
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Guo D, Yi HY, Li HL, Liu C, Yang ZP, Peng SQ. Molecular characterization of HbCZF1, a Hevea brasiliensis CCCH-type zinc finger protein that regulates hmg1. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2015; 34:1569-78. [PMID: 25987315 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-015-1809-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2015] [Revised: 05/09/2015] [Accepted: 05/12/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE The HbCZF1 protein binds to the hmg1 promoter in yeast and this interaction was confirmed in vitro. The hmg1 promoter was activated in transgenic plants by HbCZF1. Biosynthesis of natural rubber is known to be based on the mevalonate pathway in Hevea brasiliensis. The final step in the mevalonate production is catalyzed by the branch point enzyme, 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HMGR), which shunts HMG-CoA into the isoprenoid pathway, leading to the synthesis of natural rubber. However, molecular regulation of HMGR expression is not known. To study the transcriptional regulation of HMGR, the yeast one-hybrid experiment was performed to screen the latex cDNA library using the hmg1 (one of the three HMGR in H. brasiliensis) promoter as bait. One cDNA that encodes the CCCH-type zinc finger protein, designated as HbCZF1, was isolated from H. brasiliensis. HbCZF1 interacted with the hmg1 promoter in yeast one-hybrid system and in vitro. HbCZF1 contains a 1110 bp open reading frame that encodes 369 amino acids. The deduced HbCZF1 protein was predicted to possess a typical C-X7-C-X5-C3-H CCCH motif and RNA recognition motif. HbCZF1 was predominant in the latex, but little expression was detected in the leaves, barks, and roots. Furthermore, in transgenic tobacco plants, over-expression of HbCZF1 highly activated the hmg1 promoter. These results suggested that HbCZF1 may participate in the regulation of natural rubber biosynthesis in H. brasiliensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Guo
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources of Tropical Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, 571101, China
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Zheng S, Zhao S, Li Z, Wang Q, Yao F, Yang L, Pan J, Liu W. Evaluating the Effect of Expressing a Peanut Resveratrol Synthase Gene in Rice. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0136013. [PMID: 26302213 PMCID: PMC4547805 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0136013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2015] [Accepted: 07/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Resveratrol (Res) is a type of natural plant stilbenes and phytoalexins that only exists in a few plant species. Studies have shown that the Res could be biosynthesized and accumulated within plants, once the complete metabolic pathway and related enzymes, such as the key enzyme resveratrol synthase (RS), existed. In this study, a RS gene named PNRS1 was cloned from the peanut, and the activity was confirmed in E. coli. Using transgenic approach, the PNRS1 transgenic rice was obtained. In T3 generation, the Res production and accumulation were further detected by HPLC. Our data revealed that compared to the wild type rice which trans-resveratrol was undetectable, in transgenic rice, the trans-resveratrol could be synthesized and achieved up to 0.697 μg/g FW in seedlings and 3.053 μg/g DW in seeds. Furthermore, the concentration of trans-resveratrol in transgenic rice seedlings could be induced up to eight or four-fold higher by ultraviolet (UV-C) or dark, respectively. Simultaneously, the endogenous increased of Res also showed the advantages in protecting the host plant from UV-C caused damage or dark-induced senescence. Our data indicated that Res was involved in host-defense responses against environmental stresses in transgenic rice. Here the results describes the processes of a peanut resveratrol synthase gene transformed into rice, and the detection of trans-resveratrol in transgenic rice, and the role of trans-resveratrol as a phytoalexin in transgenic rice when treated by UV-C and dark. These findings present new outcomes of transgenic approaches for functional genes and their corresponding physiological functions, and shed some light on broadening available resources of Res, nutritional improvement of crops, and new variety cultivation by genetic engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigang Zheng
- Department of Bio-Tech Research Center, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement, Ecology and Physiology of Crops, Shandong Province, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
- Department of Life Science, Qingdao Agricultural University, Tsingtao, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Shanchang Zhao
- Department of Agricultural Quality Standards and Testing Technology, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Li
- Department of Bio-Tech Research Center, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement, Ecology and Physiology of Crops, Shandong Province, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingguo Wang
- Department of Bio-Tech Research Center, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement, Ecology and Physiology of Crops, Shandong Province, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Fangyin Yao
- Department of Bio-Tech Research Center, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement, Ecology and Physiology of Crops, Shandong Province, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Lianqun Yang
- Department of Bio-Tech Research Center, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement, Ecology and Physiology of Crops, Shandong Province, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaowen Pan
- Department of Bio-Tech Research Center, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement, Ecology and Physiology of Crops, Shandong Province, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Bio-Tech Research Center, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement, Ecology and Physiology of Crops, Shandong Province, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
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135
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Liang C, Zheng G, Li W, Wang Y, Hu B, Wang H, Wu H, Qian Y, Zhu XG, Tan DX, Chen SY, Chu C. Melatonin delays leaf senescence and enhances salt stress tolerance in rice. J Pineal Res 2015; 59:91-101. [PMID: 25912474 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 179] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2015] [Accepted: 04/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Melatonin, an antioxidant in both animals and plants, has been reported to have beneficial effects on the aging process. It was also suggested to play a role in extending longevity and enhancing abiotic stress resistance in plant. In this study, we demonstrate that melatonin acts as a potent agent to delay leaf senescence and cell death in rice. Treatments with melatonin significantly reduced chlorophyll degradation, suppressed the transcripts of senescence-associated genes, delayed the leaf senescence, and enhanced salt stress tolerance. Genome-wide expression profiling by RNA sequencing reveals that melatonin is a potent free radical scavenger, and its exogenous application results in enhanced antioxidant protection. Leaf cell death in noe1, a mutant with over-produced H2O2, can be relieved by exogenous application of melatonin. These data demonstrate that melatonin delays the leaf senescence and cell death and also enhances abiotic stress tolerance via directly or indirectly counteracting the cellular accumulation of H2O2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengzhen Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and National Center for Plant Gene Research (Beijing), Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology (IGDB), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China
| | - Guangyong Zheng
- CAS Key Laboratory for Computational Biology, CAS-MPG Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai, China
| | - Wenzhen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and National Center for Plant Gene Research (Beijing), Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology (IGDB), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China
| | - Yiqin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and National Center for Plant Gene Research (Beijing), Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology (IGDB), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China
| | - Bin Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and National Center for Plant Gene Research (Beijing), Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology (IGDB), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China
| | - Hongru Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and National Center for Plant Gene Research (Beijing), Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology (IGDB), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China
| | - Hongkai Wu
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yangwen Qian
- Biogle Genome Editing Research Center, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xin-Guang Zhu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Computational Biology, CAS-MPG Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai, China
| | - Dun-Xian Tan
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Shou-Yi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and National Center for Plant Gene Research (Beijing), Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology (IGDB), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China
| | - Chengcai Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and National Center for Plant Gene Research (Beijing), Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology (IGDB), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China
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136
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Wang W, Liu B, Xu M, Jamil M, Wang G. ABA-induced CCCH tandem zinc finger protein OsC3H47 decreases ABA sensitivity and promotes drought tolerance in Oryza sativa. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 464:33-7. [PMID: 26047696 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.05.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2015] [Accepted: 05/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Water deficit causes multiple negative impacts on plants, such as reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, abscisic acid (ABA) induction, stomatal closure, and decreased photosynthesis. Here, we characterized OsC3H47, which belongs to CCCH zinc-finger families, as a drought-stress response gene. It can be strongly induced by NaCl, PEG, ABA, and drought conditions. Overexpression of OsC3H47 significantly enhanced tolerance to drought and salt stresses in rice seedlings, which indicates that OsC3H47 plays important roles in post-stress recovery. However, overexpression of OsC3H47 reduced the ABA sensitivity of rice seedlings. This suggests that OsC3H47 is a newly discovered gene that can control rice drought-stress response, and it may play an important role in ABA feedback and post-transcription processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyi Wang
- Institute of Crop Science, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Bohan Liu
- Institute of Crop Science, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Mengyun Xu
- Institute of Crop Science, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Muhammad Jamil
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat 26000, Pakistan
| | - Guoping Wang
- College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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137
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Zang D, Wang C, Ji X, Wang Y. Tamarix hispida zinc finger protein ThZFP1 participates in salt and osmotic stress tolerance by increasing proline content and SOD and POD activities. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2015; 235:111-21. [PMID: 25900571 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2015.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2014] [Revised: 02/22/2015] [Accepted: 02/28/2015] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Zinc finger proteins (ZFPs) are a large family that play important roles in various biological processes, such as signal transduction, RNA binding, morphogenesis, transcriptional regulation, abiotic or biotic stress response. However, the functions of ZFPs involved in abiotic stress are largely not known. In the present study, we cloned and functionally characterized a ZFP gene, ThZFP1, from Tamarix hispida. The expression of ThZFP1 is highly induced by NaCl, mannitol or ABA treatment. To study the function of ThZFP1 involved in abiotic stress response, transgenic T. hispida plants with overexpression or knockdown of ThZFP1 were generated using a transient transformation system. Gain- and loss-of-function studies of ThZFP1 suggested that ThZFP1 can induce the expression of a series of genes, including delta-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase (P5CS), peroxidase (POD) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), leading to accumulation of proline and enhanced activities of SOD and POD. These physiological changes enhanced proline content and reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging capability when exposed to salt or osmotic stress. All the results obtained from T. hispida plants were further confirmed by analyses of the transgenic Arabidopsis plants overexpressing ThZFP1. These data together suggested that ThZFP1 positively regulates proline accumulation and activities of SOD and POD under salt and osmotic stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Zang
- State Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics and Tree Breeding (Northeast Forestry University), 26 Hexing Road, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Chao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics and Tree Breeding (Northeast Forestry University), 26 Hexing Road, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Xiaoyu Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics and Tree Breeding (Northeast Forestry University), 26 Hexing Road, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Yucheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics and Tree Breeding (Northeast Forestry University), 26 Hexing Road, Harbin 150040, China.
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138
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Huang CK, Lo PC, Huang LF, Wu SJ, Yeh CH, Lu CA. A single-repeat MYB transcription repressor, MYBH, participates in regulation of leaf senescence in Arabidopsis. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2015; 88:269-86. [PMID: 25920996 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-015-0321-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2014] [Accepted: 04/17/2015] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Leaf senescence, the final stage of leaf development, is regulated tightly by endogenous and environmental signals. MYBS3, a MYB transcription factor with a single DNA-binding domain, mediates sugar signaling in rice. Here we report that an Arabidopsis MYBS3 homolog, MYBH, plays a critical role in developmentally regulated and dark-induced leaf senescence by repressing transcription. Expression of MYBH was enhanced in older and dark-treated leaves. Gain- and loss-of-function analysis indicated that MYBH was involved in the onset of leaf senescence. Plants constitutively overexpressing MYBH underwent premature leaf senescence and showed enhanced expression of leaf senescence marker genes. In contrast, the MYBH mutant line, mybh-1, exhibited a delayed-senescence phenotype. The EAR repression domain was required for MYBH-regulated leaf senescence. Overexpression and knockout of MYBH repressed and enhanced auxin-responsive gene expression, respectively. MYBH repressed the auxin-amido synthase genes DFL1/GH3.6 and DFL2/GH3.10, which regulate auxin homoeostasis, by binding directly to the TA box in each of their regulatory regions. An auxin-responsive phenotype was enhanced in MYBH overexpression lines and reduced in mybh knockout lines. Overexpression of MYBH enhanced gene expression of SAUR36, an auxin-promoted leaf senescence key regulator, and accelerated ABA- and ethylene-induced leaf senescence in transgenic Arabidopsis plants. Our results suggest that the role of MYBH in controlling auxin homeostasis accounts for its capacity to participate in regulation of age- and darkness-induced leaf senescence in Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Kai Huang
- Department of Life Science, National Central University, Jhongli City, 320, Taoyuan County, Taiwan, ROC
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139
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Comparative Analysis of Anther Transcriptome Profiles of Two Different Rice Male Sterile Lines Genotypes under Cold Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:11398-416. [PMID: 25993302 PMCID: PMC4463707 DOI: 10.3390/ijms160511398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2015] [Revised: 04/29/2015] [Accepted: 05/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Rice is highly sensitive to cold stress during reproductive developmental stages, and little is known about the mechanisms of cold responses in rice anther. Using the HiSeq™ 2000 sequencing platform, the anther transcriptome of photo thermo sensitive genic male sterile lines (PTGMS) rice Y58S and P64S (Pei'ai64S) were analyzed at the fertility sensitive stage under cold stress. Approximately 243 million clean reads were obtained from four libraries and aligned against the oryza indica genome and 1497 and 5652 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in P64S and Y58S, respectively. Both gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses were conducted for these DEGs. Functional classification of DEGs was also carried out. The DEGs common to both genotypes were mainly involved in signal transduction, metabolism, transport, and transcriptional regulation. Most of the DEGs were unique for each comparison group. We observed that there were more differentially expressed MYB (Myeloblastosis) and zinc finger family transcription factors and signal transduction components such as calmodulin/calcium dependent protein kinases in the Y58S comparison group. It was also found that ribosome-related DEGs may play key roles in cold stress signal transduction. These results presented here would be particularly useful for further studies on investigating the molecular mechanisms of rice responses to cold stress.
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140
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Sehgal D, Skot L, Singh R, Srivastava RK, Das SP, Taunk J, Sharma PC, Pal R, Raj B, Hash CT, Yadav RS. Exploring potential of pearl millet germplasm association panel for association mapping of drought tolerance traits. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0122165. [PMID: 25970600 PMCID: PMC4430295 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0122165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2014] [Accepted: 02/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A pearl millet inbred germplasm association panel (PMiGAP) comprising 250 inbred lines, representative of cultivated germplasm from Africa and Asia, elite improved open-pollinated cultivars, hybrid parental inbreds and inbred mapping population parents, was recently established. This study presents the first report of genetic diversity in PMiGAP and its exploitation for association mapping of drought tolerance traits. For diversity and genetic structure analysis, PMiGAP was genotyped with 37 SSR and CISP markers representing all seven linkage groups. For association analysis, it was phenotyped for yield and yield components and morpho-physiological traits under both well-watered and drought conditions, and genotyped with SNPs and InDels from seventeen genes underlying a major validated drought tolerance (DT) QTL. The average gene diversity in PMiGAP was 0.54. The STRUCTURE analysis revealed six subpopulations within PMiGAP. Significant associations were obtained for 22 SNPs and 3 InDels from 13 genes under different treatments. Seven SNPs associations from 5 genes were common under irrigated and one of the drought stress treatments. Most significantly, an important SNP in putative acetyl CoA carboxylase gene showed constitutive association with grain yield, grain harvest index and panicle yield under all treatments. An InDel in putative chlorophyll a/b binding protein gene was significantly associated with both stay-green and grain yield traits under drought stress. This can be used as a functional marker for selecting high yielding genotypes with 'stay green' phenotype under drought stress. The present study identified useful marker-trait associations of important agronomics traits under irrigated and drought stress conditions with genes underlying a major validated DT-QTL in pearl millet. Results suggest that PMiGAP is a useful panel for association mapping. Expression patterns of genes also shed light on some physiological mechanisms underlying pearl millet drought tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepmala Sehgal
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Biological Sciences (IBERS), Aberystwyth University, Gogerddan, Aberystwyth, Ceredigion, United Kingdom
| | - Leif Skot
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Biological Sciences (IBERS), Aberystwyth University, Gogerddan, Aberystwyth, Ceredigion, United Kingdom
| | - Richa Singh
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Biological Sciences (IBERS), Aberystwyth University, Gogerddan, Aberystwyth, Ceredigion, United Kingdom
- Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University (CCSHAU), Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Hisar, Haryana, India
| | - Rakesh Kumar Srivastava
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Sankar Prasad Das
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Biological Sciences (IBERS), Aberystwyth University, Gogerddan, Aberystwyth, Ceredigion, United Kingdom
- ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Tripura Centre, Lembucherra, India
| | - Jyoti Taunk
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Biological Sciences (IBERS), Aberystwyth University, Gogerddan, Aberystwyth, Ceredigion, United Kingdom
- Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University (CCSHAU), Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Hisar, Haryana, India
| | - Parbodh C. Sharma
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Biological Sciences (IBERS), Aberystwyth University, Gogerddan, Aberystwyth, Ceredigion, United Kingdom
- Central Soil Salinity Research Institute (CSSRI), Karnal, India
| | - Ram Pal
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Biological Sciences (IBERS), Aberystwyth University, Gogerddan, Aberystwyth, Ceredigion, United Kingdom
- National Research Centre for Orchids, Darjeeling Campus, Darjeeling, India
| | - Bhasker Raj
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | | | - Rattan S. Yadav
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Biological Sciences (IBERS), Aberystwyth University, Gogerddan, Aberystwyth, Ceredigion, United Kingdom
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141
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Kurotani KI, Hayashi K, Hatanaka S, Toda Y, Ogawa D, Ichikawa H, Ishimaru Y, Tashita R, Suzuki T, Ueda M, Hattori T, Takeda S. Elevated levels of CYP94 family gene expression alleviate the jasmonate response and enhance salt tolerance in rice. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2015; 56:779-89. [PMID: 25637374 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcv006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2014] [Accepted: 01/13/2015] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The plant hormone jasmonate and its conjugates (JAs) have important roles in growth control, leaf senescence and defense responses against insects and microbial attacks. JA biosynthesis is induced by several stresses, including mechanical wounding, pathogen attacks, drought and salinity stresses. However, the roles of JAs under abiotic stress conditions are unclear. Here we report that increased expression of the Cyt P450 family gene CYP94C2b enhanced viability of rice plants under saline conditions. This gene encodes an enzyme closely related to CYP94C1 that catalyzes conversion of bioactive jasmonate-isoleucine (JA-Ile) into 12OH-JA-Ile and 12COOH-JA-Ile. Inactivation of JA was facilitated in a rice line with enhanced CYP94C2b expression, and responses to exogenous JA and wounding were alleviated. Moreover, salt stress-induced leaf senescence but not natural senescence was delayed in the transgenic rice. These results suggest that bioactive JAs have a negative effect on viability under salt stress conditions and demonstrate that manipulating JA metabolism confers enhanced salt tolerance in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken-ichi Kurotani
- Bioscience and Biotechnology Center, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8601 Japan
| | - Kenji Hayashi
- Bioscience and Biotechnology Center, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8601 Japan
| | - Saki Hatanaka
- Bioscience and Biotechnology Center, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8601 Japan
| | - Yosuke Toda
- Bioscience and Biotechnology Center, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8601 Japan
| | - Daisuke Ogawa
- Bioscience and Biotechnology Center, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8601 Japan
| | - Hiroaki Ichikawa
- National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, Kannondai, Tsukuba, 305-8602 Japan
| | | | - Ryo Tashita
- Department of Chemistry, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8578 Japan
| | - Takeshi Suzuki
- Department of Chemistry, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8578 Japan
| | - Minoru Ueda
- Department of Chemistry, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8578 Japan
| | - Tsukaho Hattori
- Bioscience and Biotechnology Center, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8601 Japan
| | - Shin Takeda
- Bioscience and Biotechnology Center, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8601 Japan
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142
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Yuan S, Xu B, Zhang J, Xie Z, Cheng Q, Yang Z, Cai Q, Huang B. Comprehensive analysis of CCCH-type zinc finger family genes facilitates functional gene discovery and reflects recent allopolyploidization event in tetraploid switchgrass. BMC Genomics 2015; 16:129. [PMID: 25765300 PMCID: PMC4352264 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-015-1328-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2014] [Accepted: 02/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent years, dozens of Arabidopsis and rice CCCH-type zinc finger genes have been functionally studied, many of which confer important traits, such as abiotic and biotic stress tolerance, delayed leaf senescence and improved plant architecture. Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum) is an important bioenergy crop. Identification of agronomically important genes and/or loci is an important step for switchgrass molecular breeding. Annotating switchgrass CCCH genes using translational genomics methods will help further the goal of understanding switchgrass genetics and creating improved varieties. RESULTS Taking advantage of the publicly-available switchgrass genomic and transcriptomic databases, we carried out a comprehensive analysis of switchgrass CCCH genes (PvC3Hs). A total of 103 PvC3Hs were identified and divided into 21 clades according to phylogenetic analysis. Genes in the same clade shared similar gene structure and conserved motifs. Chromosomal location analysis showed that most of the duplicated PvC3H gene pairs are in homeologous chromosomes. Evolution analysis of 19 selected PvC3H pairs showed that 42.1% of them were under diversifying selection. Expression atlas of the 103 PvC3Hs in 21 different organs, tissues and developmental stages revealed genes with higher expression levels in lignified cells, vascular cells, or reproductive tissues/organs, suggesting the potential function of these genes in development. We also found that eight PvC3Hs in Clade-XIV were orthologous to ABA- or stress- responsive CCCH genes in Arabidopsis and rice with functions annotated. Promoter and qRT-PCR analyses of Clade-XIV PvC3Hs showed that these eight genes were all responsive to ABA and various stresses. CONCLUSIONS Genome-wide analysis of PvC3Hs confirmed the recent allopolyploidization event of tetraploid switchgrass from two closely-related diploid progenitors. The short time window after the polyploidization event allowed the existence of a large number of PvC3H genes with a high positive selection pressure onto them. The homeologous pairs of PvC3Hs may contribute to the heterosis of switchgrass and its wide adaptation in different ecological niches. Phylogenetic and gene expression analyses provide informative clues for discovering PvC3H genes in some functional categories. Particularly, eight PvC3Hs in Clade-XIV were found involved in stress responses. This information provides a foundation for functional studies of these genes in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoxun Yuan
- College of Life Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, PR China.
| | - Bin Xu
- College of Agro-grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, PR China.
| | - Jing Zhang
- College of Agro-grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, PR China.
| | - Zheni Xie
- College of Agro-grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, PR China.
| | - Qiang Cheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Poplar Germplasm Enhancement and Variety Improvement, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, PR China.
| | - Zhimin Yang
- College of Agro-grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, PR China.
| | - Qingsheng Cai
- College of Life Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, PR China.
| | - Bingru Huang
- Department of Plant Biology and Pathology, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA.
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143
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Motomura K, Le QTN, Hamada T, Kutsuna N, Mano S, Nishimura M, Watanabe Y. Diffuse decapping enzyme DCP2 accumulates in DCP1 foci under heat stress in Arabidopsis thaliana. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2015; 56:107-15. [PMID: 25339350 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcu151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The decapping enzymes DCP1 and DCP2 are components of a decapping complex that degrades mRNAs. DCP2 is the catalytic core and DCP1 is an auxiliary subunit. It has been assumed that DCP1 and DCP2 are consistently co-localized in cytoplasmic RNA granules called processing bodies (P-bodies). However, it has not been confirmed whether DCP1 and DCP2 co-localize in Arabidopsis thaliana. In this study, we generated DCP1-green fluorescent protein (GFP) and DCP2-GFP transgenic plants that complemented dcp1 and dcp2 mutants, respectively, to see whether localization of DCP2 is identical to that of DCP1. DCP2 was present throughout the cytoplasm, whereas DCP1 formed P-body-like foci. Use of DCP1-GFP/DCP2-red fluorescent protein (RFP) or DCP1-RFP/DCP2-GFP plants showed that heat treatment induced DCP2 assembly into DCP1 foci. In contrast, cold treatment did not induce DCP2 assembly, while the number of DCP1 foci increased. These changes in DCP1 and DCP2 localization during heat and cold treatments occurred without changes in DCP1 and DCP2 protein abundance. Our results show that DCP1 and DCP2 respond differently to environmental changes, indicating that P-bodies have diverse DCP1 and DCP2 proportions depending on environmental conditions. The localization changes of DCP1 and DCP2 may explain how specific mRNAs are degraded during changes in environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuki Motomura
- Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 153-8902 Japan
| | - Quy T N Le
- Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 153-8902 Japan
| | - Takahiro Hamada
- Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 153-8902 Japan
| | - Natsumaro Kutsuna
- Department of Integrated Biosciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Chiba, 277-8562 Japan
| | - Shoji Mano
- Department of Cell Biology, National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki, 444-8585 Japan Department of Basic Biology, School of Life Science, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies, Okazaki, 444-8585 Japan
| | - Mikio Nishimura
- Department of Cell Biology, National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki, 444-8585 Japan Department of Basic Biology, School of Life Science, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies, Okazaki, 444-8585 Japan
| | - Yuichiro Watanabe
- Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 153-8902 Japan
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144
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D’Orso F, De Leonardis AM, Salvi S, Gadaleta A, Ruberti I, Cattivelli L, Morelli G, Mastrangelo AM. Conservation of AtTZF1, AtTZF2, and AtTZF3 homolog gene regulation by salt stress in evolutionarily distant plant species. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2015; 6:394. [PMID: 26136754 PMCID: PMC4468379 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2015.00394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2015] [Accepted: 05/18/2015] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Arginine-rich tandem zinc-finger proteins (RR-TZF) participate in a wide range of plant developmental processes and adaptive responses to abiotic stress, such as cold, salt, and drought. This study investigates the conservation of the genes AtTZF1-5 at the level of their sequences and expression across plant species. The genomic sequences of the two RR-TZF genes TdTZF1-A and TdTZF1-B were isolated in durum wheat and assigned to chromosomes 3A and 3B, respectively. Sequence comparisons revealed that they encode proteins that are highly homologous to AtTZF1, AtTZF2, and AtTZF3. The expression profiles of these RR-TZF durum wheat and Arabidopsis proteins support a common function in the regulation of seed germination and responses to abiotic stress. In particular, analysis of plants with attenuated and overexpressed AtTZF3 indicate that AtTZF3 is a negative regulator of seed germination under conditions of salt stress. Finally, comparative sequence analyses establish that the RR-TZF genes are encoded by lower plants, including the bryophyte Physcomitrella patens and the alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. The regulation of the Physcomitrella AtTZF1-2-3-like genes by salt stress strongly suggests that a subgroup of the RR-TZF proteins has a function that has been conserved throughout evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio D’Orso
- Food and Nutrition Research Centre, Council for Agricultural Research and EconomicsRome, Italy
| | - Anna M. De Leonardis
- Cereal Research Centre, Council for Agricultural Research and EconomicsFoggia, Italy
- Department of the Sciences of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of FoggiaFoggia, Italy
| | - Sergio Salvi
- Food and Nutrition Research Centre, Council for Agricultural Research and EconomicsRome, Italy
| | - Agata Gadaleta
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, “Aldo Moro” University of BariBari, Italy
| | - Ida Ruberti
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, National Research CouncilRome, Italy
| | - Luigi Cattivelli
- Cereal Research Centre, Council for Agricultural Research and EconomicsFoggia, Italy
- Genomics Research Centre, Council for Agricultural Research and EconomicsFiorenzuola d’Arda, Italy
| | - Giorgio Morelli
- Food and Nutrition Research Centre, Council for Agricultural Research and EconomicsRome, Italy
- *Correspondence: Anna M. Mastrangelo, Cereal Research Centre, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, SS 16 Km 675, 71122 Foggia, Italy ; Giorgio Morelli, Food and Nutrition Research Centre, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Via Ardeatina 546, 00178 Rome, Italy
| | - Anna M. Mastrangelo
- Cereal Research Centre, Council for Agricultural Research and EconomicsFoggia, Italy
- *Correspondence: Anna M. Mastrangelo, Cereal Research Centre, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, SS 16 Km 675, 71122 Foggia, Italy ; Giorgio Morelli, Food and Nutrition Research Centre, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Via Ardeatina 546, 00178 Rome, Italy
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145
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You J, Chan Z. ROS Regulation During Abiotic Stress Responses in Crop Plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2015; 6:1092. [PMID: 26697045 PMCID: PMC4672674 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2015.01092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 507] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2015] [Accepted: 11/20/2015] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Abiotic stresses such as drought, cold, salt and heat cause reduction of plant growth and loss of crop yield worldwide. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) including hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), superoxide anions (O2 (•-)), hydroxyl radical (OH•) and singlet oxygen ((1)O2) are by-products of physiological metabolisms, and are precisely controlled by enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant defense systems. ROS are significantly accumulated under abiotic stress conditions, which cause oxidative damage and eventually resulting in cell death. Recently, ROS have been also recognized as key players in the complex signaling network of plants stress responses. The involvement of ROS in signal transduction implies that there must be coordinated function of regulation networks to maintain ROS at non-toxic levels in a delicate balancing act between ROS production, involving ROS generating enzymes and the unavoidable production of ROS during basic cellular metabolism, and ROS-scavenging pathways. Increasing evidence showed that ROS play crucial roles in abiotic stress responses of crop plants for the activation of stress-response and defense pathways. More importantly, manipulating ROS levels provides an opportunity to enhance stress tolerances of crop plants under a variety of unfavorable environmental conditions. This review presents an overview of current knowledge about homeostasis regulation of ROS in crop plants. In particular, we summarize the essential proteins that are involved in abiotic stress tolerance of crop plants through ROS regulation. Finally, the challenges toward the improvement of abiotic stress tolerance through ROS regulation in crops are discussed.
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146
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Zhang WY, Xu YC, Li WL, Yang L, Yue X, Zhang XS, Zhao XY. Transcriptional analyses of natural leaf senescence in maize. PLoS One 2014; 9:e115617. [PMID: 25532107 PMCID: PMC4274115 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0115617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2014] [Accepted: 11/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Leaf senescence is an important biological process that contributes to grain yield in crops. To study the molecular mechanisms underlying natural leaf senescence, we harvested three different developmental ear leaves of maize, mature leaves (ML), early senescent leaves (ESL), and later senescent leaves (LSL), and analyzed transcriptional changes using RNA-sequencing. Three sets of data, ESL vs. ML, LSL vs. ML, and LSL vs. ESL, were compared, respectively. In total, 4,552 genes were identified as differentially expressed. Functional classification placed these genes into 18 categories including protein metabolism, transporters, and signal transduction. At the early stage of leaf senescence, genes involved in aromatic amino acids (AAAs) biosynthetic process and transport, cellular polysaccharide biosynthetic process, and the cell wall macromolecule catabolic process, were up-regulated. Whereas, genes involved in amino acid metabolism, transport, apoptosis, and response to stimulus were up-regulated at the late stage of leaf senescence. Further analyses reveals that the transport-related genes at the early stage of leaf senescence potentially take part in enzyme and amino acid transport and the genes upregulated at the late stage are involved in sugar transport, indicating nutrient recycling mainly takes place at the late stage of leaf senescence. Comparison between the data of natural leaf senescence in this study and previously reported data for Arabidopsis implies that the mechanisms of leaf senescence in maize are basically similar to those in Arabidopsis. A comparison of natural and induced leaf senescence in maize was performed. Athough many basic biological processes involved in senescence occur in both types of leaf senescence, 78.07% of differentially expressed genes in natural leaf senescence were not identifiable in induced leaf senescence, suggesting that differences in gene regulatory network may exist between these two leaf senescence programs. Thus, this study provides important information for understanding the mechanism of leaf senescence in maize.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, Shandong, China
| | - Yong Chao Xu
- College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, Shandong, China
| | - Wen Lan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, Shandong, China
| | - Long Yang
- College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, Shandong, China
| | - Xun Yue
- College of Information Sciences and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, Shandong, China
| | - Xian Sheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, Shandong, China
| | - Xiang Yu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, Shandong, China
- * E-mail:
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147
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Kim WC, Kim JY, Ko JH, Kang H, Kim J, Han KH. AtC3H14, a plant-specific tandem CCCH zinc-finger protein, binds to its target mRNAs in a sequence-specific manner and affects cell elongation in Arabidopsis thaliana. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2014; 80:772-84. [PMID: 25228083 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.12667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2014] [Revised: 08/27/2014] [Accepted: 08/29/2014] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
AtC3H14 (At1 g66810) is a plant-specific tandem CCCH zinc-finger (TZF) protein that belongs to the 68-member CCCH family in Arabidopsis thaliana. In animals, TZFs have been shown to bind and recruit target mRNAs to the cytoplasmic foci where mRNA decay enzymes are active. However, it is not known whether plant TZF proteins such as AtC3H14 function. So far, no mRNA targets of plant TZFs have been identified. We have obtained several lines of experimental evidence in support of our hypothesis that AtC3H14 is involved in post-transcriptional regulation of its target genes. Nucleic acid binding assays using [(35) S]-labeled AtC3H14 protein showed that AtC3H14 could bind to ssDNA, dsDNA, and ribohomopolymers, suggesting its RNA-binding activity. RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assay identified several putative target RNAs of AtC3H14, including a polygalacturonase, a well-known cell wall modifying gene. RNA electrophoretic mobility shift assays (RNA-EMSA) were used to confirm the RIP results and demonstrate that the TZF domain of AtC3H14 is required for the target RNA binding. Microarray analysis of 35S::AtC3H14 plants revealed that many of the cell wall elongation and/or modification-associated genes were differentially expressed, which is consistent with the cell elongation defect phenotype and the changes in the cell wall monosaccharide composition. In addition, yeast activation assay showed that AtC3H14 also function as a transcriptional activator, which is consistent with the previous finding that AtC3H14 activate the secondary wall biosynthesis genes. Taken together, we conclude that AtC3H14 may play a key role in both transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won-Chan Kim
- Department of Horticulture and Department of Forestry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824-1222, USA; DOE-Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824-1222, USA
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148
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Borrell AK, Mullet JE, George-Jaeggli B, van Oosterom EJ, Hammer GL, Klein PE, Jordan DR. Drought adaptation of stay-green sorghum is associated with canopy development, leaf anatomy, root growth, and water uptake. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2014; 65:6251-63. [PMID: 25381433 PMCID: PMC4223986 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eru232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Stay-green sorghum plants exhibit greener leaves and stems during the grain-filling period under water-limited conditions compared with their senescent counterparts, resulting in increased grain yield, grain mass, and lodging resistance. Stay-green has been mapped to a number of key chromosomal regions, including Stg1, Stg2, Stg3, and Stg4, but the functions of these individual quantitative trait loci (QTLs) remain unclear. The objective of this study was to show how positive effects of Stg QTLs on grain yield under drought can be explained as emergent consequences of their effects on temporal and spatial water-use patterns that result from changes in leaf-area dynamics. A set of four Stg near-isogenic lines (NILs) and their recurrent parent were grown in a range of field and semicontrolled experiments in southeast Queensland, Australia. These studies showed that the four Stg QTLs regulate canopy size by: (1) reducing tillering via increased size of lower leaves, (2) constraining the size of the upper leaves; and (3) in some cases, decreasing the number of leaves per culm. In addition, they variously affect leaf anatomy and root growth. The multiple pathways by which Stg QTLs modulate canopy development can result in considerable developmental plasticity. The reduction in canopy size associated with Stg QTLs reduced pre-flowering water demand, thereby increasing water availability during grain filling and, ultimately, grain yield. The generic physiological mechanisms underlying the stay-green trait suggest that similar Stg QTLs could enhance post-anthesis drought adaptation in other major cereals such as maize, wheat, and rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew K Borrell
- University of Queensland, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation (QAAFI), Hermitage Research Facility, Warwick, QLD 4370, Australia
| | - John E Mullet
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Barbara George-Jaeggli
- Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry Queensland (DAFFQ), Hermitage Research Facility, Warwick, QLD 4370, Australia
| | | | - Graeme L Hammer
- University of Queensland, QAAFI, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Patricia E Klein
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - David R Jordan
- University of Queensland, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation (QAAFI), Hermitage Research Facility, Warwick, QLD 4370, Australia
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149
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Han G, Wang M, Yuan F, Sui N, Song J, Wang B. The CCCH zinc finger protein gene AtZFP1 improves salt resistance in Arabidopsis thaliana. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2014; 86:237-53. [PMID: 25074582 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-014-0226-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2014] [Accepted: 07/07/2014] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
The CCCH type zinc finger proteins are a super family involved in many aspects of plant growth and development. In this study, we investigated the response of one CCCH type zinc finger protein AtZFP1 (At2g25900) to salt stress in Arabidopsis. The expression of AtZFP1 was upregulated by salt stress. Compared to transgenic strains, the germination rate, emerging rate of cotyledons and root length of wild plants were significantly lower under NaCl treatments, while the inhibitory effect was significantly severe in T-DNA insertion mutant strains. At germination stage, it was mainly osmotic stress when treated with NaCl. Relative to wild plants, overexpression strains maintained a higher K(+), K(+)/Na(+), chlorophyll and proline content, and lower Na(+) and MDA content. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis revealed that the expression of stress related marker genes KIN1, RD29B and RD22 increased more significantly in transgenic strains by salt stress. Overexpression of AtZFP1 also enhanced oxidative and osmotic stress tolerance which was determined by measuring the expression of a set of antioxidant genes, osmotic stress genes and ion transport protein genes such as SOS1, AtP5CS1 and AtGSTU5. Overall, our results suggest that overexpression of AtZFP1 enhanced salt tolerance by maintaining ionic balance and limiting oxidative and osmotic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoliang Han
- Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Research, College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, China
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150
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Bogamuwa SP, Jang JC. Tandem CCCH zinc finger proteins in plant growth, development and stress response. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2014; 55:1367-75. [PMID: 24850834 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcu074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Cysteine3Histidine (CCCH)-type zinc finger proteins comprise a large family that is well conserved across eukaryotes. Among them, tandem CCCH zinc finger proteins (TZFs) play critical roles in mRNA metabolism in animals and yeast. While there are only three TZF members in humans, a much higher number of TZFs has been found in many plant species. Notably, plant TZFs are over-represented by a class of proteins containing a unique TZF domain preceded by an arginine (R)-rich (RR) motif, hereafter called RR-TZF. Recently, there have been a large number of reports indicating that RR-TZF proteins can localize to processing bodies (P-bodies) and stress granules (SG), two novel cytoplasmic aggregations of messenger ribonucleoprotein complexes (mRNPs), and play critical roles in plant growth, development and stress response, probably via RNA regulation. This review focuses on the classification and most recent development of molecular, cellular and genetic analyses of plant RR-TZF proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srimathi P Bogamuwa
- Department of Horticulture and Crop Science, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Jyan-Chyun Jang
- Department of Horticulture and Crop Science, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USADepartment of Molecular Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USACenter for Applied Plant Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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