101
|
Sun H, Calabrese EJ, Lin Z, Lian B, Zhang X. Similarities between the Yin/Yang Doctrine and Hormesis in Toxicology and Pharmacology. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2020; 41:544-556. [PMID: 32564900 PMCID: PMC7302776 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2020.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 05/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Hormesis is a generalizable dose-response relationship characterized by low-dose stimulation and high-dose inhibition. Despite debate over this biphasic dose-response curve, hormesis is challenging central beliefs in the evaluation of chemicals or drugs and has influenced biological model selection, concentration range, study design, and hypothesis testing. We integrate the traditional Chinese philosophy - Yin/Yang doctrine - into the representation of the Western hormetic dose-response relationship and review the Yin/Yang historical philosophy contained in the hormesis concept, aiming to promote general acceptance and wider applications of hormesis. We suggest that the Yin/Yang doctrine embodies the hormetic dose-response, including the relationship between the opposing components, curve shape, and time-dependence, and may afford insights that clarify the hormetic dose-response relationship in toxicology and pharmacology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haoyu Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China; Post-Doctoral Research Station, College of Civil Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability, Shanghai, China.
| | - Edward J Calabrese
- Department of Public Health, Environmental Health Sciences, Morrill I, N344, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Zhifen Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability, Shanghai, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Baoling Lian
- Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, 221 West Yan'an Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoxian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| |
Collapse
|
102
|
Giri PS, Dwivedi M, Laddha NC, Begum R, Bharti AH. Altered expression of nuclear factor of activated T cells, forkhead box P3, and immune-suppressive genes in regulatory T cells of generalized vitiligo patients. Pigment Cell Melanoma Res 2020; 33:566-578. [PMID: 31917889 DOI: 10.1111/pcmr.12862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 12/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The study was aimed to analyze expression of nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFATs), forkhead box P3 (FOXP3), and their associated genes (sCTLA4, flCTLA4, IL10, TGFB, IL2, IL4, CD25) in regulatory T cells (Tregs) of 48 generalized vitiligo (GV) patients and 45 unaffected controls. The transcripts of NFATC1 to NFATC4, FOXP3, IL10, flCTLA4 (p < .0001), NFAT5 (p = .0003), sCTLA4 (p = .001), and FOXP3 protein in Tregs and plasma IL-10 levels were reduced significantly (p < .0001) in GV Tregs compared to controls. The FOXP3 promoter polymorphisms [rs3761548(C > A), rs3761547(A > G), and rs2232365(A > G)] revealed significantly decreased FOXP3 protein levels in patients' Tregs with susceptible AA, GG, and GG genotypes (p < .0001, p = .028, p = .022, respectively). The active vitiligo Tregs showed reduced levels of NFATC3, NFATC4, NFAT5, FOXP3, TGFB, and flCTLA4 transcripts (p = .0005, p = .0003, p = .0002, p = .020, p < .0001, p = .006, respectively) and FOXP3 and TGF-β proteins (p = .0394 and p = .0013) compared to stable vitiligo. Early-onset patients (1-20 years) demonstrated decreased IL-10, sCTLA-4, flCTLA-4, TGFB, and FOXP3 transcripts and FOXP3 protein as compared to late-onset patients (41-60 years) (p = .001, p = .003, p = .009, p = .005, p = .038, p = .0226, respectively). Overall, our results for the first time suggest a likely role of NFATs and FOXP3 together with Treg immune-suppressive genes in GV pathogenesis and disease progression, warranting additional investigations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Prashant S Giri
- C. G. Bhakta Institute of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Uka Tarsadia University, Surat, India
| | - Mitesh Dwivedi
- C. G. Bhakta Institute of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Uka Tarsadia University, Surat, India
| | | | - Rasheedunnisa Begum
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
103
|
Catalkaya G, Venema K, Lucini L, Rocchetti G, Delmas D, Daglia M, De Filippis A, Xiao H, Quiles JL, Xiao J, Capanoglu E. Interaction of dietary polyphenols and gut microbiota: Microbial metabolism of polyphenols, influence on the gut microbiota, and implications on host health. FOOD FRONTIERS 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/fft2.25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Gizem Catalkaya
- Department of Food Engineering Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering Istanbul Technical University Istanbul Turkey
| | - Koen Venema
- Centre for Healthy Eating & Food Innovation Faculty of Science and Engineering Maastricht University ‐ Campus Venlo Venlo The Netherlands
- School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM) Maastricht University Maastricht The Netherlands
| | - Luigi Lucini
- Department for Sustainable Food Process Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore Piacenza Italy
| | - Gabriele Rocchetti
- Department for Sustainable Food Process Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore Piacenza Italy
| | - Dominique Delmas
- INSERM Research Center U1231 Université de Bourgogne Franche‐Comté Centre anticancéreux Georges François Leclerc Université de Bourgogne Franche‐Comté Dijon 21000 France
| | - Maria Daglia
- Department of Pharmacy University of Naples Federico II Naples Italy
- International Research Center for Food Nutrition and Safety Jiangsu University Zhenjiang China
| | - Anna De Filippis
- Department of Pharmacy University of Naples Federico II Naples Italy
| | - Hang Xiao
- Department of Food Science University of Massachusetts Amherst MA USA
| | - José L. Quiles
- Department of Physiology Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology ‘‘José Mataix” Biomedical Research Centre University of Granada Granada Spain
| | - Jianbo Xiao
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine University of Macau Taipa Macau
| | - Esra Capanoglu
- Department of Food Engineering Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering Istanbul Technical University Istanbul Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
104
|
Burke B, Eden C, Perez C, Belshoff A, Hart S, Plaza-Rojas L, Delos Reyes M, Prajapati K, Voelkel-Johnson C, Henry E, Gupta G, Guevara-Patiño J. Inhibition of Histone Deacetylase (HDAC) Enhances Checkpoint Blockade Efficacy by Rendering Bladder Cancer Cells Visible for T Cell-Mediated Destruction. Front Oncol 2020; 10:699. [PMID: 32500025 PMCID: PMC7243798 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Inhibitory checkpoint blockade therapy is an immunomodulatory strategy that results in the restoration of T cell functions, and its efficacy depends on the recognition of tumor cells for destruction. Considering the factors at play, one could propose that anti-tumor responses will not occur if tumor cells are immunologically invisible to T cells. In this study, we tested a strategy based on the modulation of cancer cell's immunovisibility through HDAC inhibition. In a model (heterotopic and orthotopic) of mouse urothelial bladder cancer, we demonstrated that the use of intratumoral or intravesical HDACi in combination with systemic anti-PD-1 was effective at inducing curative responses with durable anti-tumor immunity capable of preventing tumor growth at a distal site. Mechanistically, we determined that protective responses were dependent on CD8 cells, but not NK cells. Of significance, in an in vitro human model, we found that fully activated T cells fail at killing bladder cancer cells unless tumor cells were pretreated with HDACi. Complementary to this observation, we found that HDACi cause gene deregulation, that results in the upregulation of genes responsible for mediating immunorecognition, NKG2D ligands and HSP70. Taken together, these data indicate that HDAC inhibition results in the elimination of the tumor cell's “invisibility cloak” that prevents T cells from recognizing and killing them. Finally, as checkpoint blockade therapy moves into the adjuvant setting, its combined use with locally administrated HDACi represents a new approach to be included in our current therapeutic treatment toolbox.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brianna Burke
- Department of Surgery and Cancer Biology, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Catherine Eden
- Department of Urology, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, United States
| | - Cynthia Perez
- Department of Surgery and Cancer Biology, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Alex Belshoff
- Department of Urology, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, United States
| | - Spencer Hart
- Department of Urology, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, United States
| | - Lourdes Plaza-Rojas
- Department of Surgery and Cancer Biology, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Michael Delos Reyes
- Department of Surgery and Cancer Biology, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Kushal Prajapati
- Department of Surgery and Cancer Biology, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Christina Voelkel-Johnson
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Elizabeth Henry
- Department of Oncology, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, United States
| | - Gopal Gupta
- Department of Surgery and Cancer Biology, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States.,Department of Urology, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, United States
| | - José Guevara-Patiño
- Department of Surgery and Cancer Biology, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| |
Collapse
|
105
|
Halder LD, Jo EAH, Hasan MZ, Ferreira-Gomes M, Krüger T, Westermann M, Palme DI, Rambach G, Beyersdorf N, Speth C, Jacobsen ID, Kniemeyer O, Jungnickel B, Zipfel PF, Skerka C. Immune modulation by complement receptor 3-dependent human monocyte TGF-β1-transporting vesicles. Nat Commun 2020; 11:2331. [PMID: 32393780 PMCID: PMC7214408 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-16241-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles have an important function in cellular communication. Here, we show that human and mouse monocytes release TGF-β1-transporting vesicles in response to the pathogenic fungus Candida albicans. Soluble β-glucan from C. albicans binds to complement receptor 3 (CR3, also known as CD11b/CD18) on monocytes and induces the release of TGF-β1-transporting vesicles. CR3-dependence is demonstrated using CR3-deficient (CD11b knockout) monocytes generated by CRISPR-CAS9 genome editing and isolated from CR3-deficient (CD11b knockout) mice. These vesicles reduce the pro-inflammatory response in human M1-macrophages as well as in whole blood. Binding of the vesicle-transported TGF-β1 to the TGF-β receptor inhibits IL1B transcription via the SMAD7 pathway in whole blood and induces TGFB1 transcription in endothelial cells, which is resolved upon TGF-β1 inhibition. Notably, human complement-opsonized apoptotic bodies induce production of similar TGF-β1-transporting vesicles in monocytes, suggesting that the early immune response might be suppressed through this CR3-dependent anti-inflammatory vesicle pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luke D Halder
- Department of Infection Biology, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Emeraldo A H Jo
- Department of Infection Biology, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Mohammad Z Hasan
- Department of Infection Biology, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Marta Ferreira-Gomes
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Friedrich Schiller University, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Thomas Krüger
- Department of Molecular and Applied Microbiology, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Martin Westermann
- Electron Microscopy Center, University Hospital Jena, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Diana I Palme
- Department of Infection Biology, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Günter Rambach
- Division of Hygiene and Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, A-6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Niklas Beyersdorf
- Institute for Virology and Immunobiology, University of Würzburg, 97070, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Cornelia Speth
- Division of Hygiene and Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, A-6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Ilse D Jacobsen
- Research Group Microbial Immunology, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, 07745, Jena, Germany.,Friedrich Schiller University, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Olaf Kniemeyer
- Department of Molecular and Applied Microbiology, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Berit Jungnickel
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Friedrich Schiller University, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Peter F Zipfel
- Department of Infection Biology, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, 07745, Jena, Germany.,Friedrich Schiller University, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Christine Skerka
- Department of Infection Biology, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, 07745, Jena, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
106
|
Schönberg A, Hamdorf M, Bock F. Immunomodulatory Strategies Targeting Dendritic Cells to Improve Corneal Graft Survival. J Clin Med 2020; 9:E1280. [PMID: 32354200 PMCID: PMC7287922 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9051280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Even though the cornea is regarded as an immune-privileged tissue, transplantation always comes with the risk of rejection due to mismatches between donor and recipient. It is common sense that an alternative to corticosteroids as the current gold standard for treatment of corneal transplantation is needed. Since blood and lymphatic vessels have been identified as a severe risk factor for corneal allograft survival, much research has focused on vessel regression or inhibition of hem- and lymphangiogenesis in general. However, lymphatic vessels have been identified as required for the inflammation's resolution. Therefore, targeting other players of corneal engraftment could reveal new therapeutic strategies. The establishment of a tolerogenic microenvironment at the graft site would leave the recipient with the ability to manage pathogenic conditions independent from transplantation. Dendritic cells (DCs) as the central player of the immune system represent a target that allows the induction of tolerogenic mechanisms by many different strategies. These strategies are reviewed in this article with regard to their success in corneal transplantation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alfrun Schönberg
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany; (A.S.); (M.H.)
| | - Matthias Hamdorf
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany; (A.S.); (M.H.)
| | - Felix Bock
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany; (A.S.); (M.H.)
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
107
|
Clayton SM, Archard JA, Wagner J, Farwell DG, Bewley AF, Beliveau A, Birkeland A, Rao S, Abouyared M, Belafsky PC, Anderson JD. Immunoregulatory Potential of Exosomes Derived from Cancer Stem Cells. Stem Cells Dev 2020; 29:327-335. [PMID: 31856674 PMCID: PMC7081244 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2019.0197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs) are malignancies that originate in the mucosal lining of the upper aerodigestive tract. Despite advances in therapeutic interventions, survival rates among HNSCC patients have remained static for years. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are tumor-initiating cells that are highly resistant to treatment, and are hypothesized to contribute to a significant fraction of tumor recurrences. Consequently, further investigations of how CSCs mediate recurrence may provide insights into novel druggable targets. A key element of recurrence involves the tumor's ability to evade immunosurveillance. Recent published reports suggest that CSCs possess immunosuppressive properties, however, the underlying mechanism have yet to be fully elucidated. To date, most groups have focused on the role of CSC-derived secretory proteins, such as cytokines and growth factors. Here, we review the established immunoregulatory role of exosomes derived from mixed tumor cell populations, and propose further study of CSC-derived exosomes may be warranted. Such studies may yield novel insights into new druggable targets, or lay the foundation for future exosome-based diagnostics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shannon M. Clayton
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, California
| | - Joehleen A. Archard
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, California
| | - Joseph Wagner
- University of California Drug Discovery Consortium, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, California
| | - D. Gregory Farwell
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, California
| | - Arnaud F. Bewley
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, California
| | - Angela Beliveau
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, California
| | - Andrew Birkeland
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, California
| | - Shyam Rao
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, California
| | - Marianne Abouyared
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, California
| | - Peter C. Belafsky
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, California
| | - Johnathon D. Anderson
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, California
| |
Collapse
|
108
|
Tilioua S, Mezioug D, Amir-Tidadini ZC, Medjdoub YM, Touil-Boukoffa C. Potential role of NF-κB pathway in the immuno-inflammatory responses during human cystic echinococcosis. Acta Trop 2020; 203:105306. [PMID: 31891707 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2019.105306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Revised: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Cystic echinococcosis (CE) induces in the human host innate and adaptive immune response that plays an important role in controlling the immunopathogenesis. Due to the crucial role of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) in regulating immuno-inflammatory processes, we investigated its potential contribution in systemic and local immuno-inflammatory responses in primary CE patients and relapsed patients. The expression of NF-κB and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) was analyzed in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) as well as in pericystic layer of pulmonary hydatid cysts from Algerian primary CE patients and relapsed patients. Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and nitric oxide (NO) production was evaluated in plasma samples. Our results showed high iNOS and NF-κB expression in both PBMCs and pericystic histiocytes from primary CE patients. In addition, substantial amounts of systemic NO and TNF-α were detected in the same patients. Remarkably, relapsed patients exhibited a low NF-κB and iNOS expression associated with low amounts of plasmatic TNF-α and NO. Collectively, NF-κB/iNOS pathway is involved in the host defense mechanisms at the systemic and local level during primary CE. Our results indicate that the inhibition of this pathway in relapsed patients will attenuate protective immunity and promote parasite escape. This study allowed to identify a novel predictive biomarkers of hydatidosis.
Collapse
|
109
|
Vikhe PP, Tateossian H, Bharj G, Brown SDM, Hood DW. Mutation in Fbxo11 Leads to Altered Immune Cell Content in Jeff Mouse Model of Otitis Media. Front Genet 2020; 11:50. [PMID: 32117459 PMCID: PMC7026503 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.00050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The Jeff mouse mutant carries a mutation in the F-box only 11 gene (Fbxo11) and heterozygous animals display conductive deafness due to the development of otitis media (OM). The Fbxo11 locus is also associated with chronic otitis media with effusion (COME) and recurrent OM in humans. The Jeff mutation affects the ability of FBXO11 to stabilize p53 that leads to perturbation in the TGF-beta/Smad2 signaling pathway important in immunity and inflammation. In the current study, we evaluated the effect of the Jeff mutation on the immune cell content using multicolor flow cytometry. In blood of Jeff heterozygotes, we observed a significant increase in the number of NK, dendritic (CD11b+), neutrophils, and natural killer T (NKT) cells and a significant decrease in effector T-helper and B-lymphocytes compared to wild-type controls. The percentage of NK cells significantly decreased in the lungs of Jeff heterozygotes, with a concomitant reduction in B-lymphocytes and T-cytotoxic cells. In the spleen, Jeff heterozygotes displayed a significant decrease in mature B-lymphocytes, effector T-helper, and naïve T-cytotoxic cells. Neutrophils, dendritic, and NKT cells dominated bulla fluid in Jeff heterozygote mice. Similar analysis carried out on Fbxo11tm2b/+ heterozygotes, which carry a null allele, showed no difference when compared to wild-type. Cytokine/chemokine analysis revealed a significant increase in the G-CSF, GM-CSF, sTNFRI, TPO, and IL-7 levels in Jeff heterozygote serum compared to wild-type. This analysis increases our understanding of the role played by Fbxo11, a gene associated with human OM, in the systemic and localized cellular immune response associated with increased susceptibility to OM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pratik P Vikhe
- Mammalian Genetics Unit, MRC Harwell Institute, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
| | - Hilda Tateossian
- Mammalian Genetics Unit, MRC Harwell Institute, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
| | - Gurpreet Bharj
- Mammalian Genetics Unit, MRC Harwell Institute, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
| | - Steve D M Brown
- Mammalian Genetics Unit, MRC Harwell Institute, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
| | - Derek W Hood
- Mammalian Genetics Unit, MRC Harwell Institute, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
110
|
Shamsdin SA, Alborzi A, Ghaderi A, Lankrani KB, Pouladfar GR. Significance of TC9 and TH9 in Helicobacter pylori-induced gastritis. Helicobacter 2020; 25:e12672. [PMID: 31803999 DOI: 10.1111/hel.12672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND H pylori plays a critical role in the development of stomach cancer, especially in people affected by the bacteria at an early stage of life. Th9 cells and IL-9 play major roles in immune responses against various infections. IL-9 is influential in chronic or acute inflammation of the mucosa. AIM This study seeks to investigate the possible functions of Tc9, Th9 cells, and IL-9 level in patients with inflammation due to H pylori infection. METHODS Eighty-three patients with dyspepsia symptoms and twenty normal subjects with no sign and symptoms of dyspepsia were recruited. Frequencies of T-cell subsets were determined by flow cytometry. Levels of cytokines IL-9 family in the sera and supernatants of antigen-activated PBMCs patients were measured by ELISA and flow cytometry. RESULTS The participants included 56 females and 47 males with a mean age of 39.2 ± 15.3 years. We assigned the infected group into peptic ulcer and gastritis (chronic active and chronic). Frequencies of Tc9, Th17, Tc17, Th17/9, and Tc17/9 increased significantly in the peptic ulcer, chronic active, and chronic gastritis, compared with the uninfected and healthy control groups. A significant increase was seen in IL-9, IL-4, and IL-23 in the chronic active gastritis. Further observed was a significant increase in IL-21 and a decrease in IL-10 in the infected groups. CONCLUSION The results revealed that increased Tc9, Th17/9, and Tc17/9 cells appear to be influential in the progression and severity of H pylori infection. Also, increased IL-9 and IL-4 levels and Tc9, Tc17/9, and Th17/9 were seen in chronic active gastritis patients. These findings may provide useful information for a therapeutic targeting of chronic active H pylori infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seyedeh Azra Shamsdin
- Gastroenterohepatology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Clinical Microbiology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Abdolvahab Alborzi
- Clinical Microbiology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Abbas Ghaderi
- Shiraz Institute for Cancer Research, Shiraz University of Medical Science, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Kamran B Lankrani
- Gastroenterohepatology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Department of Health Policy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Science, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Gholam Reza Pouladfar
- Clinical Microbiology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
111
|
Gueuvoghlanian-Silva BY, Hernandes C, Correia RP, Podgaec S. Deep Infiltrating Endometriosis and Activation and Memory Surface Markers and Cytokine Expression in Isolated Treg Cells. Reprod Sci 2020; 27:599-610. [PMID: 32002820 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-019-00060-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
It is not yet clear whether regulatory T (Treg) cells are active, and whether they play a favorable or adverse effect on endometrial foci implantation. Our aim was to evaluate activation and memory surface markers in Treg isolated from peritoneal fluid (PF) and peripheral blood (PB) of women with deep endometriosis and to assess its cytokine mRNA expression. This case-control study included 49 women with deep infiltrating endometriosis and 20 healthy controls. It was analyzed PF and PB of both groups. Cell surface markers GITR, TNFRII, HLA-DR, ICOS, CTLA-4, CD45RA, and CD45RO were evaluated in Treg (CD3+CD4+CD25+CD127lowFoxp3+) cells by flow cytometry. Additionally, Foxp3, TGF-beta, IL-10, IL-6, and TNF-alpha mRNA expression was assessed by real-time PCR in Treg cells (CD4+CD25+CD127dim/-) isolated using magnetic microbeads. Women with endometriosis had higher percentages of TNFRII+ Treg and CTLA-4+ Treg in their PB, and lower percentages of ICOS+ Treg and CD45RO+ Treg in their PF. The groups displayed no differences in mRNA expression. Regardless of the group, in PF, the percentage of Treg cells overall and of CD45RA+ Treg cells were significantly lower, whereas the percentage of TNFRII+ Treg and CD45RO+ Treg were significantly higher than in PB. Foxp3 and TGF-beta mRNA expression were also higher in PF than in PB. Our results indicated that Treg cells in women with endometriosis have a distinct profile of activation and memory markers, but similar cytokine expression. Moreover, we could observe clearly that Treg cells have distinct profile regarding their origin site.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Camila Hernandes
- Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, Bloco A, 2º subsolo, Morumbi, Sao Paulo, CEP 05652-900, Brazil
| | - Rodolfo Patussi Correia
- Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, Bloco A, 2º subsolo, Morumbi, Sao Paulo, CEP 05652-900, Brazil
| | - Sergio Podgaec
- Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, Bloco A, 2º subsolo, Morumbi, Sao Paulo, CEP 05652-900, Brazil.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, CEP 05403-000, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
112
|
Cheng X, Haeberle S, Shytaj IL, Gama-Brambila RA, Theobald J, Ghafoory S, Wölker J, Basu U, Schmidt C, Timm A, Taškova K, Bauer AS, Hoheisel J, Tsopoulidis N, Fackler OT, Savarino A, Andrade-Navarro MA, Ott I, Lusic M, Hadaschik EN, Wölfl S. NHC-gold compounds mediate immune suppression through induction of AHR-TGFβ1 signalling in vitro and in scurfy mice. Commun Biol 2020; 3:10. [PMID: 31909202 PMCID: PMC6941985 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-019-0716-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Gold compounds have a long history of use as immunosuppressants, but their precise mechanism of action is not completely understood. Using our recently developed liver-on-a-chip platform we now show that gold compounds containing planar N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligands are potent ligands for the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR). Further studies showed that the lead compound (MC3) activates TGFβ1 signaling and suppresses CD4+ T-cell activation in vitro, in human and mouse T cells. Conversely, genetic knockdown or chemical inhibition of AHR activity or of TGFβ1-SMAD-mediated signaling offsets the MC3-mediated immunosuppression. In scurfy mice, a mouse model of human immunodysregulation polyendocrinopathy enteropathy X-linked syndrome, MC3 treatment reduced autoimmune phenotypes and extended lifespan from 24 to 58 days. Our findings suggest that the immunosuppressive activity of gold compounds can be improved by introducing planar NHC ligands to activate the AHR-associated immunosuppressive pathway, thus expanding their potential clinical application for autoimmune diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinlai Cheng
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 364, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 15, D-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Stefanie Haeberle
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 440, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Iart Luca Shytaj
- Department of Infectious Diseases Integrative Virology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rodrigo. A. Gama-Brambila
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 364, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jannick Theobald
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 364, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Shahrouz Ghafoory
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 364, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jessica Wölker
- Institute of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Beethovenstrasse 55, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
- PVZ — Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Franz-Liszt-Straße 35A, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Uttara Basu
- Institute of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Beethovenstrasse 55, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
- PVZ — Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Franz-Liszt-Straße 35A, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Claudia Schmidt
- Institute of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Beethovenstrasse 55, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
- PVZ — Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Franz-Liszt-Straße 35A, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Annika Timm
- Institute of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Beethovenstrasse 55, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
- PVZ — Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Franz-Liszt-Straße 35A, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Katerina Taškova
- Biozentrum I, Hans-Dieter-Hüsch-Weg 15, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, Johannes Gutenberg Universität, Mainz, Germany
- School of Computer Science, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | | | - Jörg Hoheisel
- Functional Genome Analysis, DKFZ, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Nikolaos Tsopoulidis
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 440, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Oliver T. Fackler
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 440, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andrea Savarino
- Present Address: Department of Infectious and Immune-Mediated Diseases, Italian Institute of Health, Rome, Italy
| | - Miguel A. Andrade-Navarro
- Biozentrum I, Hans-Dieter-Hüsch-Weg 15, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, Johannes Gutenberg Universität, Mainz, Germany
| | - Ingo Ott
- Institute of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Beethovenstrasse 55, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
- PVZ — Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Franz-Liszt-Straße 35A, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Marina Lusic
- Department of Infectious Diseases Integrative Virology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Eva N. Hadaschik
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 440, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stefan. Wölfl
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 364, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
113
|
Immune Th17 lymphocytes play a critical role in the multiple beneficial properties of resveratrol. Food Chem Toxicol 2019; 137:111091. [PMID: 31883989 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.111091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Revised: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Modulation of the inflammatory response is one of the major issues of the 21st century due to its importance in the occurrence of various pathologies (cancer, autoimmune diseases, degenerative diseases) and their progression over time. Whether acute or chronic, the inflammatory response is directly related to the immune response through different subtypes of T lymphocytes. In addition, among the compounds capable of modulating the cells of the immune system, resveratrol, a polyphenol with pleiotropic biological properties, seems to be a good candidate. Indeed, resveratrol is able to alter the immune response by modulating the process of lymphocyte differentiation and subsequently diminishing the inflammatory-associated response. More specifically, thanks to its ability to act as a sirtuin-1 agonist, it can deacetylate the transcription factor STAT3 and alter nuclear factors essential to the process of lymphocyte differentiation. We present and discuss these different aspects in relation to various pathologies and how the alteration of the ratios between the different lymphocyte subtypes by resveratrol is an important element to take into account when studying its anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties.
Collapse
|
114
|
Ravindran S, Rasool S, Maccalli C. The Cross Talk between Cancer Stem Cells/Cancer Initiating Cells and Tumor Microenvironment: The Missing Piece of the Puzzle for the Efficient Targeting of these Cells with Immunotherapy. CANCER MICROENVIRONMENT 2019; 12:133-148. [PMID: 31758404 PMCID: PMC6937350 DOI: 10.1007/s12307-019-00233-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cancer Stem Cells/Cancer Initiating Cells (CSCs/CICs) is a rare sub-population within a tumor that is responsible for tumor formation, progression and resistance to therapies. The interaction between CSCs/CICs and tumor microenvironment (TME) can sustain “stemness” properties and promote their survival and plasticity. This cross-talk is also pivotal in regulating and modulating CSC/CIC properties. This review will provide an overview of the mechanisms underlying the mutual interaction between CSCs/CICs and TME. Particular focus will be dedicated to the immunological profile of CSCs/CICs and its role in orchestrating cancer immunosurveillance. Moreover, the available immunotherapy strategies that can target CSCs/CICs and of their possible implementation will be discussed. Overall, the dissection of the mechanisms regulating the CSC/CIC-TME interaction is warranted to understand the plasticity and immunoregulatory properties of stem-like tumor cells and to achieve complete eradications of tumors through the optimization of immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shilpa Ravindran
- Research Department, Sidra Medicine, Al Luqta Street, PO Box 26999, Doha, Qatar
| | - Saad Rasool
- Research Department, Sidra Medicine, Al Luqta Street, PO Box 26999, Doha, Qatar
| | - Cristina Maccalli
- Research Department, Sidra Medicine, Al Luqta Street, PO Box 26999, Doha, Qatar.
| |
Collapse
|
115
|
Hilpert C, Sitte S, Arnold H, Lehmann CHK, Dudziak D, Mattner J, Voehringer D. Dendritic Cells Control Regulatory T Cell Function Required for Maintenance of Intestinal Tissue Homeostasis. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 203:3068-3077. [PMID: 31659017 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1900320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) together with regulatory T cells (Tregs) are essential mediators of immune homeostasis. Disruption of function or frequency of either cell type can lead to fatal autoimmunity. We previously described that mice constitutively lacking DCs (∆DC) develop autoimmunity characterized by reduced body weight, autoantibodies, and pronounced intestinal inflammation. In this study, we show that lack of DCs leads to an altered gene expression profile in peripheral but not thymic Tregs with increased expression of inhibitory receptors. The suppressive function of Tregs from ΔDC mice was impaired in T cell cocultures. In a model of transfer colitis, Tregs from ∆DC mice were only functional in the presence of DCs in recipient mice. Lack of MHC class II on DCs also resulted in upregulation of inhibitory receptors on Tregs, reduced body weight, and elevated serum IgA levels. Further analysis of the IgA response revealed an expansion of IgA+ germinal center B cells and plasma cells in mesenteric lymph nodes and more IgA-coated commensal bacteria in feces of ∆DC mice. Thus, we show a critical role for DCs to establish intestinal homeostasis by regulating Treg function for prevention of spontaneous inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cornelia Hilpert
- Department of Infection Biology, University Hospital Erlangen and Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Selina Sitte
- Department of Infection Biology, University Hospital Erlangen and Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Harald Arnold
- Institute for Clinical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, University Hospital Erlangen and Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; and
| | - Christian H K Lehmann
- Department of Dermatology, Laboratory of Dendritic Cell Biology, University Hospital Erlangen and Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Diana Dudziak
- Department of Dermatology, Laboratory of Dendritic Cell Biology, University Hospital Erlangen and Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jochen Mattner
- Institute for Clinical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, University Hospital Erlangen and Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; and
| | - David Voehringer
- Department of Infection Biology, University Hospital Erlangen and Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany;
| |
Collapse
|
116
|
Istomine R, Alvarez F, Almadani Y, Philip A, Piccirillo CA. The Deubiquitinating Enzyme Ubiquitin-Specific Peptidase 11 Potentiates TGF-β Signaling in CD4 + T Cells to Facilitate Foxp3 + Regulatory T and T H17 Cell Differentiation. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 203:2388-2400. [PMID: 31554694 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1801689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Foxp3+ regulatory T (TREG) cells are central mediators in the control of peripheral immune responses. Genome-wide transcriptional profiles show canonical signatures for Foxp3+ TREG cells, distinguishing them from Foxp3- effector T (TEFF) cells. We previously uncovered distinct mRNA translational signatures differentiating CD4+ TEFF and TREG cells through parallel measurements of cytosolic (global) and polysome-associated (translationally enhanced) mRNA levels in both subsets. We show that the mRNA encoding for the ubiquitin-specific peptidase 11 (USP11), a known modulator of TGF-β signaling, was preferentially translated in TCR-activated TREG cells compared with conventional, murine CD4+ T cells. TGF-β is a key cytokine driving the induction and maintenance of Foxp3 expression in T cells. We hypothesized that differential translation of USP11 mRNA endows TREG cells with an advantage to respond to TGF-β signals. In an in vivo mouse model promoting TREG cells plasticity, we found that USP11 protein was expressed at elevated levels in stable TREG cells, whereas ectopic USP11 expression enhanced the suppressive capacity and lineage commitment of these cells in vitro and in vivo. USP11 overexpression in TEFF cells enhanced the activation of the TGF-β pathway and promoted TREG or TH17, but not Th1, cell differentiation in vitro and in vivo, an effect abrogated by USP11 gene silencing or the inhibition of enzymatic activity. Thus, USP11 potentiates TGF-β signaling in both TREG and TEFF cells, in turn driving increased suppressive function and lineage commitment in thymic-derived TREG cells and potentiating the TGF-β-dependent differentiation of TEFF cells to peripherally induced TREG and TH17 cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roman Istomine
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2B4, Canada.,Program in Infectious Diseases and Immunology in Global Health, Centre for Translational Biology, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec H4A 3J1, Canada.,Centre of Excellence in Translational Immunology, Montreal, Quebec H4A 3J1, Canada; and
| | - Fernando Alvarez
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2B4, Canada.,Program in Infectious Diseases and Immunology in Global Health, Centre for Translational Biology, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec H4A 3J1, Canada.,Centre of Excellence in Translational Immunology, Montreal, Quebec H4A 3J1, Canada; and
| | - Yasser Almadani
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3G 1A4, Canada; and.,Plastic Surgery Research Laboratory, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec H3G 1A4, Canada
| | - Anie Philip
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3G 1A4, Canada; and.,Plastic Surgery Research Laboratory, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec H3G 1A4, Canada
| | - Ciriaco A Piccirillo
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2B4, Canada; .,Program in Infectious Diseases and Immunology in Global Health, Centre for Translational Biology, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec H4A 3J1, Canada.,Centre of Excellence in Translational Immunology, Montreal, Quebec H4A 3J1, Canada; and
| |
Collapse
|
117
|
Cornick S, Kumar M, Moreau F, Gaisano H, Chadee K. VAMP8-mediated MUC2 mucin exocytosis from colonic goblet cells maintains innate intestinal homeostasis. Nat Commun 2019; 10:4306. [PMID: 31541089 PMCID: PMC6754373 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-11811-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The mucus layer is the first line of innate host defense in the gut that protects the epithelium by spatially separating commensal bacteria. MUC2 mucin is produced and stored by goblet cells that is constitutively exocytosed or hyper secreted upon sensing a threat. How coordinated mucus exocytosis maintains homeostasis in the intestinal epithelium and modulates the immunological landscape remains elusive. Here we describe how the vesicle SNARE protein VAMP8 coordinates mucin exocytosis from goblet cells. Vamp8-/- exhibit a mild pro-inflammatory state basally due to an altered mucus layer and increased encounters with microbial antigens. Microbial diversity shifts to a detrimental microbiota with an increase abundance of pathogenic and mucolytic bacteria. To alleviate the heavy microbial burden and inflammatory state basally, Vamp8-/- skews towards tolerance. Despite this, Vamp8-/- is highly susceptible to both chemical and infectious colitis demonstrating the fragility of the intestinal mucosa without proper mucus exocytosis mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Steve Cornick
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Manish Kumar
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - France Moreau
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Herbert Gaisano
- Departments of Medicine and Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Kris Chadee
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
118
|
Breyner NM, Vilas Boas PB, Fernandes G, de Carvalho RD, Rochat T, Michel ML, Chain F, Sokol H, de Azevedo M, Myioshi A, Azevedo VA, Langella P, Bermúdez-Humarán LG, Chatel JM. Oral delivery of pancreatitis-associated protein by Lactococcus lactis displays protective effects in dinitro-benzenesulfonic-acid-induced colitis model and is able to modulate the composition of the microbiota. Environ Microbiol 2019; 21:4020-4031. [PMID: 31325218 PMCID: PMC6899824 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.14748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides secreted by intestinal immune and epithelial cells are important effectors of innate immunity. They play an essential role in the maintenance of intestinal homeostasis by limiting microbial epithelium interactions and preventing unnecessary microbe‐driven inflammation. Pancreatitis‐associated protein (PAP) belongs to Regenerating islet‐derived III proteins family and is a C‐type (Ca+2 dependent) lectin. PAP protein plays a protective effect presenting anti‐inflammatory properties able to reduce the severity of colitis, preserving gut barrier and epithelial inflammation. Here, we sought to determine whether PAP delivered at intestinal lumen by recombinant Lactococcus lactis strain (LL‐PAP) before and after chemically induced colitis is able to reduce the severity in two models of colitis. After construction and characterization of our recombinant strains, we tested their effects in dinitro‐benzenesulfonic‐acid (DNBS) and Dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) colitis model. After the DNBS challenge, mice treated with LL‐PAP presented less severe colitis compared with PBS and LL‐empty‐treated mice groups. After the DSS challenge, no protective effects of LL‐PAP could be detected. We determined that after 5 days administration, LL‐PAP increase butyrate producer's bacteria, especially Eubacterium plexicaudatum. Based on our findings, we hypothesize that a treatment with LL‐PAP shifts the microbiota preventing the severity of colon inflammation in DNBS colitis model. These protective roles of LL‐PAP in DNBS colitis model might be through intestinal microbiota modulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natalia M Breyner
- Micalis Institute, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France.,Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG-ICB), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Priscilla Bagano Vilas Boas
- Micalis Institute, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France.,Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG-ICB), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Marie-Laure Michel
- Micalis Institute, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Florian Chain
- Micalis Institute, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Harry Sokol
- Micalis Institute, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Marcela de Azevedo
- Micalis Institute, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Anderson Myioshi
- Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG-ICB), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Vasco A Azevedo
- Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG-ICB), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Philippe Langella
- Micalis Institute, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Luis G Bermúdez-Humarán
- Micalis Institute, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Jean-Marc Chatel
- Micalis Institute, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| |
Collapse
|
119
|
Insights into the HIV Latency and the Role of Cytokines. Pathogens 2019; 8:pathogens8030137. [PMID: 31487807 PMCID: PMC6789648 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens8030137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Revised: 08/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) has the ability to infect latently at the level of individual CD4+ cells. Latent HIV-1 proviruses are transcriptionally silent and immunologically inert, but are still capable of reactivating productive lytic infection following cellular activation. These latent viruses are the main obstacle in the eradication of HIV-1, because current HIV-1 treatment regimens are ineffective against them. Normal immunological response against an antigen activates CD4+ naïve T cells. The activated CD4+ naïve T cells undergo cell cycle, resulting in further transformation and profound proliferation to form effector CD4+ T-cells. Notably, in HIV-1 infected individuals, some of the effector CD4+ T cells get infected with HIV-1. Upon fulfillment of their effector functions, almost all activated CD4+ T cells are committed to apoptosis or programmed cell death, but a miniscule fraction revert to quiescence and become resting memory CD4+ T cells to mediate a rapid immunological response against the same antigen in the future. However, due to the quiescent nature of the resting memory T cells, the integrated HIV-1 becomes transcriptionally silent and acquires a latent phenotype. Following re-exposure to the same antigen, memory cells and integrated HIV-1 are stimulated. The reactivated latent HIV provirus subsequently proceeds through its life cycle and eventually leads to the production of new viral progeny. Recently, many strategies against HIV-1 latency have been developed and some of them have even matured to the clinical level, but none can yet effectively eliminate the latent HIV reservoir, which remains a barrier to HIV-1 cure. Therefore, alternative strategies to eradicate latent HIV need to be considered. This review provides vital knowledge on HIV latency and on strategies to supplement highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART) with cytokine-mediated therapeutics for dislodging the latent HIV reservoirs in order to open up new avenues for curing HIV.
Collapse
|
120
|
The rs3761548 FOXP3 variant is associated with multiple sclerosis and transforming growth factor β1 levels in female patients. Inflamm Res 2019; 68:933-943. [PMID: 31414141 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-019-01275-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Revised: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between rs3761548 FOXP3 (-3279 C > A) variant and multiple sclerosis (MS), disability, disability progression, as well as transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 and interleukin (IL)-10 plasma levels in MS patients. METHODS AND SUBJECTS The study included 170 MS patients and 182 controls. Disability was evaluated using Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) and categorized as mild (EDSS ≤ 3) and moderate/high (EDSS > 3). Disability progression was evaluated using Multiple Sclerosis Severity Score (MSSS). The rs3761548 variant was determined with polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Plasma levels of TGF-β1 and IL-10 were determined using immunofluorimetric assay. RESULTS CA and AA genotypes were associated with MS [odds ratio (OR) 2.03, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.66-3.53, p = 0.012; OR 8.19, 95% CI 3.04-22.07, p < 0.001, respectively). With the dominant model, the CA + AA genotypes were associated with MS (OR 2.57, 95% CI 1.50-4.37, p < 0.001). In the recessive model, the AA genotype was also associated with MS (OR 5.38, 95% CI 2.12-13.64, p < 0.001). After adjustment by age, ethnicity, BMI and smoking, all these results remained significant, as well as female patients carrying the CA + AA genotypes showed higher TGF-β1 than those carrying the CC genotype (OR 1.35, 95% CI 1.001-1.054, p = 0.043). No association was observed between the genotypes and disability, disability progression and IL-10 levels. CONCLUSION These results suggest that the A allele of FOXP3 -3279 C > A variant may exert a role in the T regulatory cell function, which could be one of the factors involved in the susceptibility for MS in females.
Collapse
|
121
|
Taurone S, Spoletini M, Ralli M, Gobbi P, Artico M, Imre L, Czakò C, Kovàcs I, Greco A, Micera A. Ocular mucous membrane pemphigoid: a review. Immunol Res 2019; 67:280-289. [DOI: 10.1007/s12026-019-09087-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
|
122
|
Polanczyk MJ, Walker E, Haley D, Guerrouahen BS, Akporiaye ET. Blockade of TGF-β signaling to enhance the antitumor response is accompanied by dysregulation of the functional activity of CD4 +CD25 +Foxp3 + and CD4 +CD25 -Foxp3 + T cells. J Transl Med 2019; 17:219. [PMID: 31288845 PMCID: PMC6617864 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-019-1967-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The pleiotropic cytokine, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β, and CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) play a critical role in actively suppressing antitumor immune responses. Evidence shows that TGF-β produced by tumor cells promotes tolerance via expansion of Tregs. Our group previously demonstrated that blockade of TGF-β signaling with a small molecule TGF-β receptor I antagonist (SM16) inhibited primary and metastatic tumor growth in a T cell dependent fashion. In the current study, we evaluated the effect of SM16 on Treg generation and function. Methods Using BALB/c, FoxP3eGFP and Rag−/− mice, we performed FACS analysis to determine if SM16 blocked de novo TGF-β-induced Treg generation in vitro and in vivo. CD4+ T cells from lymph node and spleen were isolated from control mice or mice maintained on SM16 diet, and flow cytometry analysis was used to detect the frequency of CD4+CD25−FoxP3+ and CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ T cells. In vitro suppression assays were used to determine the ability to suppress naive T cell proliferation in vitro of both CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ and CD4+CD25−FoxP3+ T cell sub-populations. We then examined whether SM16 diet exerted an inhibitory effect on primary tumor growth and correlated with changes in FoxP3+expression. ELISA analysis was used to measure IFN-γ levels after 72 h co-culture of CD4+CD25+ T cells from tumor-bearing mice on control or SM16 diet with CD4+CD25− T cells from naive donors. Results SM16 abrogates TGF-β-induced Treg generation in vitro but does not prevent global homeostatic expansion of CD4+ T cell sub-populations in vivo. Instead, SM16 treatment causes expansion of a population of CD4+CD25−Foxp3+ Treg-like cells without significantly altering the overall frequency of Treg in lymphoreplete naive and tumor-bearing mice. Importantly, both the CD4+CD25−Foxp3+ T cells and the CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ Tregs in mice receiving SM16 diet exhibited diminished ability to suppress naive T cell proliferation in vitro compared to Treg from mice on control diet. Conclusions These findings suggest that blockade of TGF-β signaling is a potentially useful strategy for blunting Treg function to enhance the anti-tumor response. Our data further suggest that the overall dampening of Treg function may involve the expansion of a quiescent Treg precursor population, which is CD4+CD25−Foxp3+.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Edwin Walker
- Earle A. Chiles Research Institute, Providence Cancer Center, Portland, OR, USA.,Veana Therapeutics, Inc., Portland, OR, USA
| | - Daniel Haley
- Earle A. Chiles Research Institute, Providence Cancer Center, Portland, OR, USA
| | | | - Emmanuel T Akporiaye
- Earle A. Chiles Research Institute, Providence Cancer Center, Portland, OR, USA. .,Veana Therapeutics, Inc., Portland, OR, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
123
|
Foulsham W, Dohlman TH, Mittal SK, Taketani Y, Singh RB, Masli S, Dana R. Thrombospondin-1 in ocular surface health and disease. Ocul Surf 2019; 17:374-383. [PMID: 31173926 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtos.2019.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Revised: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Thrombospondin 1 (TSP-1) is an extracellular matrix protein that interacts with a wide array of ligands including cell receptors, growth factors, cytokines and proteases to regulate various physiological and pathological processes. Constitutively expressed by certain ocular surface tissues (e.g. corneal and conjunctival epithelium), TSP-1 expression is modulated during ocular surface inflammation. TSP-1 is an important activator of latent TGF-β, serving to promote the immunomodulatory and wound healing functions of TGF-β. Mounting research has deepened our understanding of how TSP-1 expression (and lack thereof) contributes to ocular surface homeostasis and disease. Here, we review current knowledge of the function of TSP-1 in dry eye disease, ocular allergy, angiogenesis/lymphangiogenesis, corneal transplantation, corneal wound healing and infectious keratitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- William Foulsham
- Schepens Eye Research Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA; Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London (UCL), London, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas H Dohlman
- Schepens Eye Research Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Sharad K Mittal
- Schepens Eye Research Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Yukako Taketani
- Schepens Eye Research Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Rohan Bir Singh
- Schepens Eye Research Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Sharmila Masli
- Department of Ophthalmology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - Reza Dana
- Schepens Eye Research Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
124
|
Ghanima W, Cooper N, Rodeghiero F, Godeau B, Bussel JB. Thrombopoietin receptor agonists: ten years later. Haematologica 2019; 104:1112-1123. [PMID: 31073079 PMCID: PMC6545830 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2018.212845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 215] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The two thrombopoietin receptor agonists (TPO-RA), eltrombopag and romiplostim, were licensed in the US for treatment of immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) in 2008 and, since then, their use has progressively increased around the world; they are currently used in more than 100 countries. The six largest randomized controlled trials conducted in ITP have used one of these two agents. All studies have demonstrated a platelet response rate between 50-90%, depending on the criteria used, with good safety and tolerability. TPO-RA were shown to be effective in reducing bleeding and the need for concomitant or rescue medication. Many other investigations of their mechanism of effect, prospective and retrospective trials, and studies focusing on toxicity have been performed widening our knowledge of these two agents. Initial concerns on issues such as myelofibrosis have not been confirmed. Only a small number of patients develop moderate-severe reticulin fibrosis and/or collagen fibrosis; however, these are usually reversed after discontinuation of TPO-RA. Studies indicate, however, that TPO-RA may increase the risk of venous thromboembolism. Both TPO-RA are currently approved in patients with chronic ITP aged >1-year who are refractory to at least one other treatment. Eltrombopag has acquired two additional indications: severe aplastic anemia refractory to first-line treatment and hepatitis C patients undergoing treatment with interferon-ribavirin. Despite these wide-ranging studies, important questions still need to be answered. This summary review on TPO-RA will summarize what is known regarding efficacy in ITP, evaluate safety concerns in more depth, and focus on the questions that remain.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Animals
- Benzoates/chemistry
- Benzoates/pharmacology
- Benzoates/therapeutic use
- Biomarkers
- Blood Coagulation/drug effects
- Clinical Trials as Topic
- Disease Susceptibility
- Humans
- Hydrazines/chemistry
- Hydrazines/pharmacology
- Hydrazines/therapeutic use
- Purpura, Thrombocytopenic, Idiopathic/blood
- Purpura, Thrombocytopenic, Idiopathic/complications
- Purpura, Thrombocytopenic, Idiopathic/drug therapy
- Purpura, Thrombocytopenic, Idiopathic/etiology
- Pyrazoles/chemistry
- Pyrazoles/pharmacology
- Pyrazoles/therapeutic use
- Receptors, Fc/chemistry
- Receptors, Fc/therapeutic use
- Receptors, Thrombopoietin/agonists
- Receptors, Thrombopoietin/chemistry
- Receptors, Thrombopoietin/metabolism
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/chemistry
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/pharmacology
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/therapeutic use
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- Thrombopoietin/chemistry
- Thrombopoietin/pharmacology
- Thrombopoietin/therapeutic use
- Treatment Outcome
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Waleed Ghanima
- Departments of Medicine, Hematology-Oncology and Research, Østfold Hospital Trust, Norway
- Department of Hematology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Nichola Cooper
- Department of Medicine, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Francesco Rodeghiero
- Hematology Project Foundation and Department of Cell Therapy and Hematology, S. Bortolo Hospital, Vicenza, Italy
| | - Bertrand Godeau
- Department of Internal Medicine, Henri Mondor University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris, UPEC, Créteil, France
| | - James B Bussel
- Department of Pediatrics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
125
|
Savelyeva N, Allen A, Chotprakaikiat W, Harden E, Jobsri J, Godeseth R, Wang Y, Stevenson F, Ottensmeier C. Linked CD4 T Cell Help: Broadening Immune Attack Against Cancer by Vaccination. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 2019; 405:123-143. [PMID: 27704269 DOI: 10.1007/82_2016_500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In the last decade, immunotherapy with monoclonal antibodies targeting immunological check points has become a breakthrough therapeutic modality for solid cancers. However, only up to 50 % of patients benefit from this powerful approach. For others vaccination might provide a plausible addition or alternative. For induction of effective anticancer immunity CD4+ T cell help is required, which is often difficult to induce to self cancer targets because of tolerogenic mechanisms. Our approach for cancer vaccines has been to incorporate into the vaccine design sequences able to activate foreign T cell help, through genetically linking cancer targets to microbial sequences (King et al. in Nat Med 4(11):1281-1286, 1998; Savelyeva et al. in Nat Biotechnol 19(8):760-764, 2001). This harnesses the non-tolerized CD4 T cell repertoire available in patients to help induction of effective immunity against fused cancer antigens. Multiple immune effector mechanisms including antibody, CD8+ T cells as well as CD4 effector T cells can be activated using this strategy. Delivery via DNA vaccines has already indicated clinical efficacy. The same principle of linked T cell help has now been transferred to other novel vaccine modalities to further potentiate immunity against cancer targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Savelyeva
- Cancer Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Tremona Road, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK.
| | - Alex Allen
- Cancer Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Tremona Road, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Warayut Chotprakaikiat
- Cancer Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Tremona Road, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK
- Oral Biology Department, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand
| | - Elena Harden
- Cancer Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Tremona Road, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Jantipa Jobsri
- Oral Biology Department, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand
| | - Rosemary Godeseth
- Cancer Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Tremona Road, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Yidao Wang
- Cancer Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Tremona Road, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Freda Stevenson
- Cancer Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Tremona Road, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Christian Ottensmeier
- Cancer Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Tremona Road, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK
| |
Collapse
|
126
|
Martínez-Campos C, Torres-Poveda K, Camorlinga-Ponce M, Flores-Luna L, Maldonado-Bernal C, Madrid-Marina V, Torres J. Polymorphisms in IL-10 and TGF-β gene promoter are associated with lower risk to gastric cancer in a Mexican population. BMC Cancer 2019; 19:453. [PMID: 31092242 PMCID: PMC6518715 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-019-5627-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Helicobacter pylori infection is recognized as the main risk factor for gastric cancer (GC), the fifth most common neoplasia worldwide. H. pylori interacts with the immune system, disrupting the cytokine network and inducing chronic inflammation. This work aimed to evaluate the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in selected cytokine gene promoters and GC. METHODS The study included 359 subjects, 125 GC patients, 109 intestinal metaplasia (IM) patients and 125 asymptomatic controls. DNA was extracted from white blood cells and nine SNPs in cytokine gene promoters were genotyped using predesigned 5'-endonulease assays. The association of the SNPs with IM and GC was evaluated using multinomial regression models. RESULTS Both genotypes, TC (OR = 0.51, 95% CI = 0.27-0.98) and TT (OR = 0.42, 95% CI = 0.20-0.91) in the locus - 509 of the TGF-β promoter were significantly associated with GC. The TT genotype in the locus - 819 of the IL-10 promoter was also significantly associated with GC (OR = 0.37, 95% CI = 0.17-0.81). No significant association was found with SNPs IL-4 -590 T/C (rs1800629), IL-6 -573G/C (rs1800796), IL-10 -592C/A (rs1800872), IL-10 -1082A/G (rs1800896), and, IFN-γ -1615C/T (rs2069705). CONCLUSIONS SNPs in TGFβ (- 509 C/T, rs1800469) and IL-10 (- 819 C/T, rs1800871) promoters were associated with a lower risk for GC in a Mexican population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Martínez-Campos
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Kirvis Torres-Poveda
- Dirección de Infecciones Crónicas y Cáncer. Centro de Investigación sobre Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico.,CONACyT-Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Margarita Camorlinga-Ponce
- Unidad de Investigación en Enfermedades Infecciosas, UMAE Pediatría, CMN S-XXI, IMSS, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Lourdes Flores-Luna
- Centro de investigación en Salud Poblacional, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Carmen Maldonado-Bernal
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Inmunología y Proteómica, Hospital Infantil de Mexico Federico Gómez, SS, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Vicente Madrid-Marina
- Dirección de Infecciones Crónicas y Cáncer. Centro de Investigación sobre Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico.
| | - Javier Torres
- Unidad de Investigación en Enfermedades Infecciosas, UMAE Pediatría, CMN S-XXI, IMSS, Mexico City, Mexico.
| |
Collapse
|
127
|
Acharya S, Timilshina M, Chang JH. Mevalonate promotes differentiation of regulatory T cells. J Mol Med (Berl) 2019; 97:927-936. [PMID: 31020340 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-019-01784-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Revised: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Mevalonate is a precursor in a biosynthetic pathway that is important for the coordination of regulatory T cell (Treg) proliferation and upregulation of the suppressive function that establishes the functional competency of Tregs. The extensive role of mevalonate and its underlying effect on Treg differentiation are still unclear. We found that mevalonate increases in vitro differentiation of induced Tregs (iTregs) without broadly affecting Th1 and Th17 cell differentiation. Furthermore, an adoptive transfer study showed that mevalonate enhanced peripherally induced Treg cells (pTregs) in mesenteric lymphocytes in vivo. Mevalonate-treated iTregs exhibited greater suppressive activity against effector cells than untreated Tregs. Mechanistically, mevalonate enhanced transforming growth factor (TGF)-β signaling by increasing the phosphorylation of Smad3, but not Smad2, and by promoting Foxp3 expression. Furthermore, we demonstrated that mevalonate treatment ameliorated dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis and resulted in an increased percentage of Tregs in vivo. Our results suggest that mevalonate enhanced Treg differentiation and ameliorated DSS colitis, indicating its potential for treatment of inflammatory diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suman Acharya
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, South Korea
| | | | - Jae-Hoon Chang
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
128
|
Shidal C, Singh NP, Nagarkatti P, Nagarkatti M. MicroRNA-92 Expression in CD133 + Melanoma Stem Cells Regulates Immunosuppression in the Tumor Microenvironment via Integrin-Dependent Activation of TGFβ. Cancer Res 2019; 79:3622-3635. [PMID: 31015227 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-18-2659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Revised: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
In addition to being refractory to treatment, melanoma cancer stem cells (CSC) are known to suppress host antitumor immunity, the underlying mechanisms of which need further elucidation. In this study, we established a novel role for miR-92 and its associated gene networks in immunosuppression. CSCs were isolated from the B16-F10 murine melanoma cell line based on expression of the putative CSC marker CD133 (Prominin-1). CD133+ cells were functionally distinct from CD133- cells and showed increased proliferation in vitro and enhanced tumorigenesis in vivo. CD133+ CSCs also exhibited a greater capacity to recruit immunosuppressive cell types during tumor formation, including FoxP3+ Tregs, myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC), and M2 macrophages. Using microarray technology, we identified several miRs that were significantly downregulated in CD133+ cells compared with CD133- cells, including miR-92. Decreased expression of miR-92 in CSCs led to higher expression of target molecules integrin αV and α5 subunits, which, in turn, enhanced TGFβ activation, as evidenced by increased phosphorylation of SMAD2. CD133+ cells transfected with miR-92a mimic and injected in vivo showed significantly decreased tumor burden, which was associated with reduced immunosuppressive phenotype intratumorally. Using The Cancer Genome Atlas database of patients with melanoma, we also noted a positive correlation between integrin α5 and TGFβ1 expression levels and an inverse association between miR-92 expression and integrin alpha subunit expression. Collectively, this study suggests that a miR-92-driven signaling axis involving integrin activation of TGFβ in CSCs promotes enhanced tumorigenesis through induction of intratumoral immunosuppression. SIGNIFICANCE: CD133+ cells play an active role in suppressing melanoma antitumor immunity by modulating miR-92, which increases influx of immunosuppressive cells and TGFβ1 expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chris Shidal
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, South Carolina
| | - Narendra P Singh
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, South Carolina
| | - Prakash Nagarkatti
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, South Carolina
| | - Mitzi Nagarkatti
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, South Carolina.
| |
Collapse
|
129
|
Sow HS, Ren J, Camps M, Ossendorp F, Ten Dijke P. Combined Inhibition of TGF-β Signaling and the PD-L1 Immune Checkpoint Is Differentially Effective in Tumor Models. Cells 2019; 8:cells8040320. [PMID: 30959852 PMCID: PMC6523576 DOI: 10.3390/cells8040320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Revised: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibodies blocking the programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) have shown impressive and durable responses in clinical studies. However, this type of immunotherapy is only effective in a subset of patients and not sufficient for rejection of all tumor types. In this study, we explored in two mouse tumor models whether the antitumor effect could be enhanced by the combined blockade of PD-L1 and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), a potent immunosuppressive cytokine. The effect of anti-PD-L1 mouse monoclonal (mAb) and a TGF-β type I receptor small molecule kinase inhibitor (LY364947) was evaluated in the highly immunogenic mouse MC38 colon adenocarcinoma and the poorly immunogenic mouse KPC1 pancreatic tumor model. In the MC38 tumor model, LY364947 monotherapy did not show any antitumor effect, whereas treatment with anti-PD-L1 mAb significantly delayed tumor outgrowth. However, combination therapy showed the strongest therapeutic efficacy, resulting in improved long-term survival compared with anti-PD-L1 mAb monotherapy. This improved survival was associated with an increased influx of CD8+ T cells in the tumor microenvironment. In the KPC1 tumor model, LY364947 did not enhance the antitumor effect of anti-PD-L1 mAb. Despite this, delayed KPC1 tumor outgrowth was observed in the LY364947-treated group and this treatment led to a significant reduction of CD4+ T cells in the tumor microenvironment. Together, our data indicate that an additive anti-tumor response of dual targeting PD-L1 and TGF-β is dependent on the tumor model used, highlighting the importance of selecting appropriate cancer types, using in-depth analysis of the tumor microenvironment, which can benefit from combinatorial immunotherapy regimens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heng Sheng Sow
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands.
- Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - Jiang Ren
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - Marcel Camps
- Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - Ferry Ossendorp
- Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - Peter Ten Dijke
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
130
|
Su Q, Jing J, Li W, Ma J, Zhang X, Wang Z, Zhou Z, Dai L, Shao L. Impaired Tip60-mediated Foxp3 acetylation attenuates regulatory T cell development in rheumatoid arthritis. J Autoimmun 2019; 100:27-39. [PMID: 30954385 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2019.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Revised: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
In rheumatoid arthritis (RA), imbalanced T cells subsets play a critical role in sustaining chronic inflammatory responses in the synovium. Naïve T cells in RA patients undergo maldifferentiation, including an increase in the effector Th1/Th17 lineage and a reduction in regulatory T (Treg) cells. Upon stimulation, naïve CD4+CD45RO- T cells from RA patients exhibited insufficient expression of Foxp3, which induced a deficiency in Tregs production and an imbalance of Treg/Th17 differentiation. Further mechanistic study indicated that RA T cells failed to produce sufficient levels of the histone acetyltransferase Tip60, leading to reduced acetylation of Foxp3; this, in turn, decreased Foxp3 expression, impaired Treg commitment, and promoted Th17 production. Moreover, in human synovium chimeric mice, suppression of Tip60 activity in healthy T cells promoted tissue infiltration and arthritogenesis, while reconstitution of Tip60 in RA T cells suppressed synovitis and effector T cell infiltration. Our findings link T cell maldifferentiation and tissue infiltration with Tip60-mediated Foxp3 acetylation and identify Tip60 as a potential therapeutic target for suppression of tissue inflammation and autoimmunogenesis in RA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Su
- (a)The Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, PR China
| | - Jun Jing
- Department of Rheumatology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, PR China
| | - Wuguo Li
- (a)The Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, PR China
| | - Jianda Ma
- Department of Rheumatology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, PR China
| | - Xueling Zhang
- (a)The Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, PR China
| | - Zongren Wang
- (a)The Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, PR China; Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, PR China
| | - Zhongyang Zhou
- (a)The Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, PR China
| | - Lie Dai
- Department of Rheumatology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, PR China.
| | - Lan Shao
- (a)The Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
131
|
Royzman D, Andreev D, Stich L, Rauh M, Bäuerle T, Ellmann S, Boon L, Kindermann M, Peckert K, Bozec A, Schett G, Steinkasserer A, Zinser E. Soluble CD83 Triggers Resolution of Arthritis and Sustained Inflammation Control in IDO Dependent Manner. Front Immunol 2019; 10:633. [PMID: 31001257 PMCID: PMC6455294 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Interference with autoimmune-mediated cytokine production is a key yet poorly developed approach to treat autoimmune and inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis. Herein, we show that soluble CD83 (sCD83) enhances the resolution of autoimmune antigen-induced arthritis (AIA) by strongly reducing the expression levels of cytokines such as IL-17A, IFNγ, IL-6, and TNFα within the joints. Noteworthy, also the expression of RANKL, osteoclast differentiation, and joint destruction was significantly inhibited by sCD83. In addition, osteoclasts which were cultured in the presence of synovial T cells, derived from sCD83 treated AIA mice, showed a strongly reduced number of multinuclear large osteoclasts compared to mock controls. Enhanced resolution of arthritis by sCD83 was mechanistically based on IDO, since inhibition of IDO by 1-methyltryptophan completely abrogated sCD83 effects on AIA. Blocking experiments, using anti-TGF-β antibodies further revealed that also TGF-β is mechanistically involved in the sCD83 induced reduction of bone destruction and cartilage damage as well as enhanced resolution of inflammation. Resolution of arthritis was associated with increased numbers of regulatory T cells, which are induced in a sCD83-IDO-TGF-β dependent manner. Taken together, sCD83 represents an interesting approach for downregulating cytokine production, inducing regulatory T cells and inducing resolution of autoimmune arthritis.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibodies, Blocking/pharmacology
- Antigens, CD/immunology
- Arthritis, Experimental/drug therapy
- Arthritis, Experimental/immunology
- Arthritis, Experimental/pathology
- Cytokines/immunology
- Female
- Immunoglobulins/immunology
- Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase/antagonists & inhibitors
- Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase/immunology
- Inflammation/drug therapy
- Inflammation/immunology
- Inflammation/pathology
- Joints/immunology
- Joints/pathology
- Membrane Glycoproteins/immunology
- Mice
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- Signal Transduction/immunology
- Solubility
- T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/pathology
- Transforming Growth Factor beta/antagonists & inhibitors
- Transforming Growth Factor beta/immunology
- Tryptophan/analogs & derivatives
- Tryptophan/pharmacology
- CD83 Antigen
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dmytro Royzman
- Department of Immune Modulation, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Darja Andreev
- Department of Internal Medicine 3, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Lena Stich
- Department of Immune Modulation, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Manfred Rauh
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Tobias Bäuerle
- Institute of Radiology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Stephan Ellmann
- Institute of Radiology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | | | - Markus Kindermann
- Department of Internal Medicine 1, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Katrin Peckert
- Department of Immune Modulation, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Aline Bozec
- Department of Internal Medicine 3, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Georg Schett
- Department of Internal Medicine 3, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | | | - Elisabeth Zinser
- Department of Immune Modulation, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
132
|
Silymarin Restores Regulatory T Cells (Tregs) Function in Multiple Sclerosis (MS) Patients In Vitro. Inflammation 2019; 42:1203-1214. [DOI: 10.1007/s10753-019-00980-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
|
133
|
Rouas R, Merimi M, Najar M, El Zein N, Fayyad‐Kazan M, Berehab M, Agha D, Bron D, Burny A, Rachidi W, Badran B, Lewalle P, Fayyad‐Kazan H. Human CD8
+
CD25
+
CD127
low
regulatory T cells: microRNA signature and impact on TGF‐β and IL‐10 expression. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:17459-17472. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Revised: 01/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Redouane Rouas
- Laboratory of Experimental Hematology Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles Bruxelles Belgium
| | - Makram Merimi
- Laboratory of Experimental Hematology Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles Bruxelles Belgium
| | - Mehdi Najar
- Laboratory of Clinical Cell Therapy Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB) Brussels Belgium
| | - Nabil El Zein
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Molecular Immunology, Faculty of Sciences I Lebanese University Hadath Lebanon
| | - Mohammad Fayyad‐Kazan
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Molecular Immunology, Faculty of Sciences I Lebanese University Hadath Lebanon
| | - Mimoune Berehab
- Laboratory of Experimental Hematology Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles Bruxelles Belgium
| | - Douaa Agha
- Laboratory of Experimental Hematology Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles Bruxelles Belgium
| | - Dominique Bron
- Laboratory of Experimental Hematology Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles Bruxelles Belgium
| | - Arsene Burny
- Laboratory of Experimental Hematology Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles Bruxelles Belgium
| | - Walid Rachidi
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, SYMMES/CIBEST UMR 5819 UGA‐CNRS‐CEA, INAC/CEA‐Grenoble Grenoble France
| | - Bassam Badran
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Molecular Immunology, Faculty of Sciences I Lebanese University Hadath Lebanon
| | - Philippe Lewalle
- Laboratory of Experimental Hematology Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles Bruxelles Belgium
| | - Hussein Fayyad‐Kazan
- Laboratory of Experimental Hematology Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles Bruxelles Belgium
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Molecular Immunology, Faculty of Sciences I Lebanese University Hadath Lebanon
| |
Collapse
|
134
|
Shah NJ, Mao AS, Shih TY, Kerr MD, Sharda A, Raimondo TM, Weaver JC, Vrbanac VD, Deruaz M, Tager AM, Mooney DJ, Scadden DT. An injectable bone marrow-like scaffold enhances T cell immunity after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Nat Biotechnol 2019; 37:293-302. [PMID: 30742125 PMCID: PMC6636841 DOI: 10.1038/s41587-019-0017-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The use of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) to
cure multiple disorders is limited by deficiency and dysregulation of T-cells.
Here we report a biomaterial-based scaffold that mimics features of T-cell
lymphopoiesis in the bone marrow. The bone marrow cryogel (BMC) releases bone
morphogenetic protein-2 to recruit stromal cells, and presents the Notch ligand
Delta-like ligand-4 to facilitate T-cell lineage specification of mouse and
human hematopoietic progenitor cells. BMCs subcutaneously injected in mice at
the time of HSCT enhanced T-cell progenitor seeding of the thymus, T-cell
neogenesis and diversification of the T-cell receptor repertoire. Peripheral
T-cell reconstitution increased ~6-fold in mouse HSCT and ~2-fold
in human xenogeneic HSCT. Furthermore, BMCs promoted donor CD4+
regulatory T-cell generation and improved survival after allogeneic HSCT.
Compared with adoptive transfer of T-cell progenitors, BMCs increased donor
chimerism, T-cell generation and antigen-specific T-cell responses to
vaccination. BMCs may provide an off-the-shelf approach for enhancing T-cell
regeneration and mitigating graft-versus-host disease in HSCT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nisarg J Shah
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Department of Nanoengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Angelo S Mao
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Ting-Yu Shih
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Matthew D Kerr
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Department of Nanoengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Azeem Sharda
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Theresa M Raimondo
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - James C Weaver
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Vladimir D Vrbanac
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Maud Deruaz
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Andrew M Tager
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - David J Mooney
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA. .,Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.
| | - David T Scadden
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA. .,Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA. .,Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA. .,Cancer Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
135
|
Inhibitory role of transforming growth factor β2 in experimental autoimmune anterior uveitis. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2019; 257:953-960. [PMID: 30719689 DOI: 10.1007/s00417-019-04255-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Revised: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Experimental autoimmune anterior uveitis (EAAU) is a clinically relevant animal model for human idiopathic anterior uveitis (IAU). The role of the immunomodulator transforming growth factor β2 (TGF-β2) in EAAU pathology is unknown. In this study, we investigated the regulatory role of TGF-β2 in EAAU. METHODS EAAU was induced in male Lewis rats by footpad injection of melanin-associated antigen (MAA). TGF-β2 was administered intravenously (iv) in MAA-sensitized rats during the induction of EAAU, or after the clinical onset of uveitis. MAA-sensitized rats injected similarly with an equal volume of PBS served as control. Animals were examined daily between days 7 and 30 post-injection for the clinical signs of uveitis using slit lamp biomicroscopy. Animals were sacrificed at various time points and eyes were harvested for histological analysis to assess the course and severity of inflammation. For histopathological analysis, paraffin sections of harvested eyes were stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Popliteal lymph nodes (LNs) were used for CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ T regulatory (Tregs) population analysis and for CD4+ T cell proliferation assay. RESULTS Administration of recombinant TGF-β2 during the early stages of EAAU prevented the induction of uveitis. Compared to PBS, the presence of TGF-β2 in the cell culture significantly (p < 0.05) inhibited the proliferation of CD4+ T cells in response to MAA. In MAA-sensitized Lewis rats, iv treatment with recombinant TGF-β2 resulted in significantly (p < 0.05) increased percentage of Tregs compared to animals treated similarly with PBS. Thus, TGF-β2 inhibited the induction of EAAU by inhibiting CD4+ T cell proliferation and increasing the number of Tregs. Injection of TGF-β2 in rats with active EAAU resulted in diminished disease activity. Unfortunately, this treatment did not lead to the early resolution of EAAU. CONCLUSIONS TGF-β2 plays a critical role in regulation of intraocular inflammation in EAAU. Findings reported in this study improve our understanding of immunopathology of IAU and suggest that recombinant TGF-β2 may be a promising therapeutic agent for human IAU.
Collapse
|
136
|
Cunin P, Nigrovic PA. Megakaryocytes as immune cells. J Leukoc Biol 2019; 105:1111-1121. [PMID: 30645026 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.mr0718-261rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Revised: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelets play well-recognized roles in inflammation, but their cell of origin-the megakaryocyte-is not typically considered an immune lineage. Megakaryocytes are large polyploid cells most commonly identified in bone marrow. Egress via sinusoids enables migration to the pulmonary capillary bed, where elaboration of platelets can continue. Beyond receptors involved in hemostasis and thrombosis, megakaryocytes express receptors that confer immune sensing capacity, including TLRs and Fc-γ receptors. They control the proliferation of hematopoietic cells, facilitate neutrophil egress from marrow, possess the capacity to cross-present antigen, and can promote systemic inflammation through microparticles rich in IL-1. Megakaryocytes internalize other hematopoietic lineages, especially neutrophils, in an intriguing cell-in-cell interaction termed emperipolesis. Together, these observations implicate megakaryocytes as direct participants in inflammation and immunity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Cunin
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Peter A Nigrovic
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Medicine, Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| |
Collapse
|
137
|
Novel Immunoregulatory Functions of IL-18, an Accomplice of TGF-β1. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11010075. [PMID: 30641867 PMCID: PMC6356463 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11010075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2018] [Revised: 12/27/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
TGF-β1 is a pleiotropic factor exerting a strong regulatory role in several cell types, including immune cells. In NK cells it profoundly alters the surface expression of crucial activating and chemokine receptors. To understand which soluble signals might better contrast these effects, we cultured human NK cells in the presence of TGF-β1 and different innate and adaptive cytokines, generally referred as “immunostimulatory”. These included IL-2, IL-15, IL-21, IL-27, and IL-18. Unexpectedly, IL-18 strengthened rather than contrasting important TGF-β1-mediated functions. In particular, IL-18 further reduced the expression of CX3CR1 and NKp30, leading to the virtual abrogation of the triggering capability of this activating receptor. Moreover, IL-18 further increased the expression of CXCR4. The IL-18-mediated additive effect on NKp30 and CXCR4 expression involved transcriptional regulation and activation of MEK/ERK and/or p38MAPK. A proteomic approach quantified both surface and intracellular proteins significantly modified in cytokine-treated NK cells, thus giving global information on the biological processes involving TGF-β1 and IL-18. Our data support the concept that IL-18 may have a different behavior depending on the type of soluble factors characterizing the microenvironment. In a TGF-β1 rich milieu such as tumors, it may contribute to the impairment of both NK cells recruitment and killing capability.
Collapse
|
138
|
Yeo HL, Fan T, Lin R, Yu J, Liao G, Chen ES, Ho M, Lin W, Chen K, Chen C, Hung J, Wu J, Chang N, Chang MD, Yu J, Yu AL. Sialylation of vasorin by ST3Gal1 facilitates TGF-β1-mediated tumor angiogenesis and progression. Int J Cancer 2019; 144:1996-2007. [PMID: 30252131 PMCID: PMC6590135 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.31891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2018] [Revised: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
ST3Gal1 is a key sialyltransferase which adds α2,3‐linked sialic acid to substrates and generates core 1 O‐glycan structure. Upregulation of ST3Gal1 has been associated with worse prognosis of breast cancer patients. However, the protein substrates of ST3Gal1 implicated in tumor progression remain elusive. In our study, we demonstrated that ST3GAL1‐silencing significantly reduced tumor growth along with a notable decrease in vascularity of MCF7 xenograft tumors. We identified vasorin (VASN) which was shown to bind TGF‐β1, as a potential candidate that links ST3Gal1 to angiogenesis. LC‐MS/MS analysis of VASN secreted from MCF7, revealed that more than 80% of its O‐glycans are sialyl‐3T and disialyl‐T. ST3GAL1‐silencing or desialylation of VASN by neuraminidase enhanced its binding to TGF‐β1 by 2‐ to 3‐fold and thereby dampening TGF‐β1 signaling and angiogenesis, as indicated by impaired tube formation of HUVECs, suppressed angiogenesis gene expression and reduced activation of Smad2 and Smad3 in HUVEC cells. Examination of 114 fresh primary breast cancer and their adjacent normal tissues showed that the expression levels of ST3Gal1 and TGFB1 were high in tumor part and the expression of two genes was positively correlated. Kaplan Meier survival analysis showed a significantly shorter relapse‐free survival for those with lower expression VASN, notably, the combination of low VASN with high ST3GAL1 yielded even higher risk of recurrence (p = 0.025, HR = 2.967, 95% CI = 1.14–7.67). Since TGF‐β1 is known to transcriptionally activate ST3Gal1, our findings illustrated a feedback regulatory loop in which TGF‐β1 upregulates ST3Gal1 to circumvent the negative impact of VASN. What's new? The addition of sialic acid to glycoproteins is dysregulated in many cancers, and enhanced expression of one key enzyme, the sialyltransferase ST3Gal1, is associated with poor prognosis. Here, the authors identified the membrane protein vasorin as a new ST3Gal1 substrate and connect it with TGF‐β1‐induced signaling and angiogenesis in breast cancer. As silencing of ST3Gal1 dampened TGF‐β1 signaling and suppressed angiogenesis, development of ST3Gal1 inhibitors might be clinically useful to improve the prognosis of breast cancer patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Ling Yeo
- Institute of Stem Cell and Translational Cancer ResearchChang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou and Chang Gung UniversityTaoyuanTaiwan
- Institute of Molecular and Cellular BiologyNational Tsing Hua UniversityHsinchuTaiwan
- Chemical Biology and Molecular Biophysics ProgramTaiwan International Graduate Program Academia SinicaTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Tan‐Chi Fan
- Institute of Stem Cell and Translational Cancer ResearchChang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou and Chang Gung UniversityTaoyuanTaiwan
| | - Ruey‐Jen Lin
- Institute of Stem Cell and Translational Cancer ResearchChang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou and Chang Gung UniversityTaoyuanTaiwan
| | - Jyh‐Cherng Yu
- General Surgery, Department of SurgeryTri‐Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical CenterTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Guo‐Shiou Liao
- General Surgery, Department of SurgeryTri‐Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical CenterTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Eric Sheng‐Wen Chen
- Institute of Stem Cell and Translational Cancer ResearchChang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou and Chang Gung UniversityTaoyuanTaiwan
| | - Ming‐Yi Ho
- Institute of Stem Cell and Translational Cancer ResearchChang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou and Chang Gung UniversityTaoyuanTaiwan
| | - Wen‐Der Lin
- Institute of Stem Cell and Translational Cancer ResearchChang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou and Chang Gung UniversityTaoyuanTaiwan
| | - Kowa Chen
- Institute of Stem Cell and Translational Cancer ResearchChang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou and Chang Gung UniversityTaoyuanTaiwan
| | | | - Jung‐Tung Hung
- Institute of Stem Cell and Translational Cancer ResearchChang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou and Chang Gung UniversityTaoyuanTaiwan
| | - Jen‐Chine Wu
- Institute of Stem Cell and Translational Cancer ResearchChang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou and Chang Gung UniversityTaoyuanTaiwan
| | - Nai‐Chuan Chang
- Institute of Stem Cell and Translational Cancer ResearchChang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou and Chang Gung UniversityTaoyuanTaiwan
| | | | - John Yu
- Institute of Stem Cell and Translational Cancer ResearchChang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou and Chang Gung UniversityTaoyuanTaiwan
| | - Alice Lin‐Tsing Yu
- Institute of Stem Cell and Translational Cancer ResearchChang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou and Chang Gung UniversityTaoyuanTaiwan
- Genomics Research CenterAcademia SinicaTaipeiTaiwan
- Department of Pediatrics/Hematology OncologyUniversity of CaliforniaSan DiegoCAUSA
| |
Collapse
|
139
|
Alharris E, Alghetaa H, Seth R, Chatterjee S, Singh NP, Nagarkatti M, Nagarkatti P. Resveratrol Attenuates Allergic Asthma and Associated Inflammation in the Lungs Through Regulation of miRNA-34a That Targets FoxP3 in Mice. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2992. [PMID: 30619345 PMCID: PMC6306424 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of airways mediated by T-helper 2 (Th2) cells involving complex signaling pathways. Although resveratrol has previously been shown to attenuate allergic asthma, the role of miRNA in this process has not been studied. We investigated the effect of resveratrol on ovalbumin-induced experimental allergic asthma in mice. To that end, BALB/c mice were immunized with ovalbumin (OVA) intraperitoneally followed by oral gavage of vehicle (OVA-veh) or resveratrol (100 mg/kg body) (OVA-res). On day 7, the experimental groups received intranasal challenge of OVA followed by 7 days of additional oral gavage of vehicle or resveratrol. At day 15, all mice were euthanized and bronchioalveolar fluid (BALF), serum and lung infiltrating cells were collected and analyzed. The data showed that resveratrol significantly reduced IL-5, IL-13, and TGF-β in the serum and BALF in mice with OVA-induced asthma. Also, we saw a decrease in CD3+CD4+, CD3+CD8+, and CD4+IL-4+ cells with increase in CD4+CD25+FOXP3+ cells in pulmonary inflammatory cell infiltrate in OVA-res group when compared to OVA-veh. miRNA expression arrays using lung infiltrating cells showed that resveratrol caused significant alterations in miRNA expression, specifically downregulating the expression of miR-34a. Additionally, miR-34a was found to target FOXP3, as evidenced by enhanced expression of FOXP3 in the lung tissue. Also, transfection studies showed that miR-34a inhibitor upregulated FOXP3 expression while miR-34a-mimic downregulated FOXP3 expression. The current study suggests that resveratrol attenuates allergic asthma by downregulating miR-34a that induces increased expression of FOXP3, a master regulator of Treg development and functions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Esraah Alharris
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Hasan Alghetaa
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Ratanesh Seth
- Environmental Health and Disease Laboratory, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina,Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Saurabh Chatterjee
- Environmental Health and Disease Laboratory, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina,Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Narendra P. Singh
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Mitzi Nagarkatti
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Prakash Nagarkatti
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States,*Correspondence: Prakash Nagarkatti
| |
Collapse
|
140
|
Nomura S, Ito T, Satake A, Ishii K. Assessment of soluble cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen-4, transforming growth factor β 1, and platelet-derived microparticles during dasatinib therapy for patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia. J Blood Med 2018; 10:1-8. [PMID: 30588140 PMCID: PMC6305157 DOI: 10.2147/jbm.s187005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The outcome for chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) patients presented in the chronic phase has changed dramatically since the introduction of tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) therapy. Notably, an increased incidence of large granular lymphocytes (LGLs), which is related to immunological conditions, appears to be predictive of a favorable outcome for dasatinib therapy. We therefore examined the immunological characteristics of CML patients during dasatinib therapy by determining the plasma concentrations of five different biomarkers. METHODS The plasma levels of biomarkers, specifically interleukin-6, platelet-derived microparticles (PDMPs), soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (sVCAM-1), transforming growth factor (TGF) β1, and soluble cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 (sCTLA-4), were measured by ELISA at baseline and after 2 and 6 months of TKI treatment. The incidence of LGLs was estimated by microscopic examination. RESULTS The levels of PDMPs, sVCAM-1, and TGFβ1 were significantly elevated in patients with CML. Dasatinib treatment was associated with a significant reduction in the levels of these markers and with an increased incidence of LGLs compared with imatinib or nilotinib treatment. In addition, an increased incidence of LGLs was significantly correlated with a decreased sCTLA-4 level during dasatinib therapy. CONCLUSION The assessment of the levels of specific biomarkers may be beneficial to understand the immunological conditions of patients with CML during dasatinib treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shosaku Nomura
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Osaka, Japan,
| | - Tomoki Ito
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Osaka, Japan,
| | - Atsushi Satake
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Osaka, Japan,
| | - Kazuyoshi Ishii
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Osaka, Japan,
| |
Collapse
|
141
|
Tahvildari M, Inomata T, Amouzegar A, Dana R. Regulatory T cell modulation of cytokine and cellular networks in corneal graft rejection. CURRENT OPHTHALMOLOGY REPORTS 2018; 6:266-274. [PMID: 31807370 PMCID: PMC6894425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Corneal allografts placed in vascularized or inflamed host beds are at increased risk of graft rejection due to the preponderance of activated immune cells in the host bed. Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are master regulators of the adaptive immune response and play a key role in the induction of immune tolerance. The aim of this review is to discuss mechanisms through which Tregs mediate tolerance in corneal transplantation and the novel therapeutic approaches that target Tregs to promote transplant survival. RECENT FINDINGS The inflammatory environment of high-risk allografts not only promotes activation of effector T cells and their infiltration to graft site, but also impairs Treg immunomodulatory function. Recent studies have shown that expansion of Tregs and enhancing their modulatory function significantly improve graft survival. SUMMARY As our understanding of the cellular and molecular pathways in corneal transplantation has deepened, novel therapeutic strategies have been developed to improve allograft survival. In this review, we discuss therapeutic approaches that focus on Tregs to promote corneal allograft survival.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Tahvildari
- Schepens Eye Research Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Kresge Eye Institute, Department of ophthalmology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI
| | - Takenori Inomata
- Schepens Eye Research Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Tokyo, Japan
- Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Strategic Operative Room, Management and Improvement, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Afsaneh Amouzegar
- Schepens Eye Research Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Reza Dana
- Schepens Eye Research Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| |
Collapse
|
142
|
Maccalli C, Rasul KI, Elawad M, Ferrone S. The role of cancer stem cells in the modulation of anti-tumor immune responses. Semin Cancer Biol 2018; 53:189-200. [DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2018.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Revised: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
143
|
Molodtsov A, Turk MJ. Tissue Resident CD8 Memory T Cell Responses in Cancer and Autoimmunity. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2810. [PMID: 30555481 PMCID: PMC6281983 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Resident memory (TRM) cells are a distinct tissue-localized T cell lineage that is crucial for protective immunity in peripheral tissues. While a great deal of effort has focused on defining their role in immunity to infections, studies now reveal TRM cells as a vital component of the host immune response to cancer. Characterized by cell-surface molecules including CD103, CD69, and CD49a, TRM-like tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) can be found in a wide range of human cancers, where they portend improved prognosis. Recent studies in mouse tumor models have shown that TRM cells are induced by cancer vaccines delivered in peripheral tissue sites, or by the depletion of regulatory T cells. Such tumor-specific TRM cells are recognized as both necessary and sufficient for long-lived protection against tumors in peripheral tissue locations. TRM responses against tumor/self-antigens can concurrently result in the development of pathogenic TRM responses to self, with a growing number of autoimmune diseases and inflammatory pathologies being attributed to TRM responses. This review will recount the path to discovering the importance of resident memory CD8 T cells as they pertain to cancer immunity. In addition to highlighting key studies that directly implicate TRM cells in anti-tumor immunity, we will highlight earlier work that implicitly suggested their importance. Informed by studies in infectious disease models, and instructed by a clear role for TRM cells in autoimmunity, we will discuss strategies for therapeutically promoting TRM responses in settings where they don't naturally occur.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aleksey Molodtsov
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, United States
| | - Mary Jo Turk
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, United States
| |
Collapse
|
144
|
Kwok J, Chu P, Ong C, Law HKW, Ip P, Chan GCF, Lu L. Role of Regulatory T Cells in Noninherited Maternal Antigen-Related Tolerance in Cord Blood: An in Vitro Study. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2018; 25:424-435. [PMID: 30412784 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2018.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Cord blood (CB) is an alternative stem cell source for allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). The unique advantages of using CB as a stem cell source are a degree of permissibility for HLA mismatch, rapid availability, and relatively risk-free cell collection. Because HLA is highly polymorphic and population-specific, optimal HLA-matched unrelated donors or cord blood units (CBUs) might not be available. In view of the possibility that matched CBUs that include noninherited maternal antigens (NIMAs) might contain acceptable HLA mismatches, we attempted to determine the degree of alloreactivity of CB mononuclear cells (MNCs) on stimulation by the maternal, paternal, and unrelated stimulator cells. Suppression of T cell proliferation, cytotoxicity, and a cytokine profile indicating suppressed Th1 and elevated IL-10 and TGF-β1 responses were observed in the mixed lymphocyte reaction in response to NIMAs. The increases in IL-10 and TGF-β1 production may be due to the Th2 response and/or regulatory T cells (Tregs). The reduced IL-10 and TGF-β1 production after CD25 depletion could have been due to removal of Tregs from the CB cells. Thus, Tregs appear to play an important role in the CB MNC response to NIMAs, possibly due to the induction of IL-10 and TGF-β1. We hope that our work can provide some evidence of the beneficial effect of NIMAs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Janette Kwok
- Division of Transplantation and Immunogenetics, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong.
| | - Patrick Chu
- Division of Transplantation and Immunogenetics, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - Charas Ong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Helen Ka-Wai Law
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong
| | - Patrick Ip
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Godfrey C F Chan
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Liwei Lu
- Department of Pathology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| |
Collapse
|
145
|
Tahvildari M, Inomata T, Amouzegar A, Dana R. Regulatory T Cell Modulation of Cytokine and Cellular Networks in Corneal Graft Rejection. CURRENT OPHTHALMOLOGY REPORTS 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s40135-018-0191-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
|
146
|
Eghbal-Fard S, Yousefi M, Heydarlou H, Ahmadi M, Taghavi S, Movasaghpour A, Jadidi-Niaragh F, Yousefi B, Dolati S, Hojjat-Farsangi M, Rikhtegar R, Nouri M, Aghebati-Maleki L. The imbalance of Th17/Treg axis involved in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:5106-5116. [PMID: 30277561 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
PROBLEM Inappropriate activation of the immune system, particularly the imbalance of T-helper type 17 (Th17)/regulatory T (Treg) cells is thought to play considerable roles in preeclampsia (PE). To investigate the probable effects of the adaptive immune system in the pathophysiology of PE, we analyzed the dynamic changes of Th17/Treg cells, cytokines profile, and transcription pattern of Th17/Treg-related genes and microRNAs (miRNAs) in 50 women suffering from PE in comparison with 50 healthy pregnant women. METHODS Expressions of cytokines, specific transcription factors, and related miRNAs were measured by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to test the interleukin (IL)-17, IL-23, IL-6, and IL-10 and transforming growth factor β in serum and supernatant of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). The frequency of Th17 and Treg cells were determined by flow cytometry. RESULTS PE patients exhibited a decreased number of Treg cells (p = 0.006), while Th17 cells were increased ( p = 0.004). Forkhead box P3 and IL-10 mRNA expressions were reduced ( p = 0.0001 and 0.0028, respectively), while expressions of retinoic acid receptor-related orphan nuclear receptor γt, IL-17, IL-23, and IL-6 were enhanced ( p < 0.0001, 0.0018, 0.0014, and 0.027, respectively). ELISA results also showed increased levels of IL-6, IL-17, and IL-23 ( p = 0.022, 0.0005, 0.0081, respectively), and decreased levels of IL-10 in the supernatant of PBMCs of PE patients compared with control group ( p = 0.0011). There was significant upregulation of miR-106b and miR-326 ( p = 0.0048 and 0.028, respectively) in PE patients in comparison with the control group. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that imbalance of Th17/Treg cells, regulated possibly via microRNAs, may be involved in the pathogenesis of PE, emphasizing on the importance of these cells in feto-maternal immune cross-talk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shadi Eghbal-Fard
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Student's Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mehdi Yousefi
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hanieh Heydarlou
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Majid Ahmadi
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Simin Taghavi
- Women's Reproductive Health Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Aliakbar Movasaghpour
- Hematology & Oncology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Farhad Jadidi-Niaragh
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Bahman Yousefi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sanam Dolati
- Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hojjat-Farsangi
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Immune and Gene Therapy Lab, Cancer Center Karolinska (CCK), Karolinska University Hospital Solna and Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Reza Rikhtegar
- Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Nouri
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | |
Collapse
|
147
|
Komai T, Okamura T, Inoue M, Yamamoto K, Fujio K. Reevaluation of Pluripotent Cytokine TGF-β3 in Immunity. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19082261. [PMID: 30071700 PMCID: PMC6121403 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19082261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 07/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Transforming growth factor (TGF)-βs are pluripotent cytokines with stimulatory and inhibitory properties for multiple types of immune cells. Analyses of genetic knockouts of each isoform of TGF-β have revealed differing expression patterns and distinct roles for the three mammalian isoforms of TGF-β. Considerable effort has been focused on understanding the molecular mechanisms of TGF-β1-mediated immune regulation, given its pivotal role in prohibiting systemic autoimmune disease. In recent years, functional similarities and differences between the TGF-β isoforms have delineated their distinct roles in the development of immunopathology and immune tolerance, with increased recent attention being focused on TGF-β3. In addition to the characteristic properties of each TGF-β isoform, recent progress has identified determinants of context-dependent functionality, including various cellular targets, cytokine concentrations, tissue microenvironments, and cytokine synergy, which combine to shape the physiological and pathophysiological roles of the TGF-βs in immunity. Controlling TGF-β production and signaling is being tested as a novel therapeutic strategy in multiple clinical trials for several human diseases. This review highlights advances in the understanding of the cellular sources, activation processes, contextual determinants, and immunological roles of TGF-β3 with comparisons to other TGF-β isoforms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Toshihiko Komai
- Department of Allergy and Rheumatology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan.
| | - Tomohisa Okamura
- Department of Allergy and Rheumatology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan.
- Department of Functional Genomics and Immunological Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan.
- Max Planck-The University of Tokyo Center for Integrative Inflammology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan.
| | - Mariko Inoue
- Department of Allergy and Rheumatology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan.
| | - Kazuhiko Yamamoto
- Department of Allergy and Rheumatology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan.
- Max Planck-The University of Tokyo Center for Integrative Inflammology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan.
- Laboratory for Autoimmune Diseases, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan.
| | - Keishi Fujio
- Department of Allergy and Rheumatology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
148
|
Romano M, Fanelli G, Tan N, Nova-Lamperti E, McGregor R, Lechler RI, Lombardi G, Scottà C. Expanded Regulatory T Cells Induce Alternatively Activated Monocytes With a Reduced Capacity to Expand T Helper-17 Cells. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1625. [PMID: 30079063 PMCID: PMC6062605 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are essential in maintaining peripheral immunological tolerance by modulating several subsets of the immune system including monocytes. Under inflammatory conditions, monocytes migrate into the tissues, where they differentiate into dendritic cells or tissue-resident macrophages. As a result of their context-dependent plasticity, monocytes have been implicated in the development/progression of graft-vs-host disease (GvHD), autoimmune diseases and allograft rejection. In the last decade, Tregs have been exploited for their use in cell therapy with the aim to induce tolerance after solid organ transplantation and for the treatment of autoimmune diseases and GvHD. To date, safety and feasibility of Treg infusion has been demonstrated; however, many questions of how these cells induce tolerance have been raised and need to be answered. As monocytes constitute the major cellular component in inflamed tissues, we have developed an in vitro model to test how Tregs modulate their phenotype and function. We demonstrated that expanded Tregs can drive monocytes toward an alternatively activated state more efficiently than freshly isolated Tregs. The effect of expanded Tregs on monocytes led to a reduced production of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α) and NF-κB activation. Furthermore, monocytes co-cultured with expanded Tregs downregulated the expression of co-stimulatory and MHC-class II molecules with a concomitant upregulation of M2 macrophage specific markers, CD206, heme oxygenase-1, and increased interleukin-10 production. Importantly, monocytes co-cultured with expanded Tregs showed a reduced capacity to expand IL-17-producing T cells compared with monocyte cultured with freshly isolated Tregs and conventional T cells. The capacity to decrease the expansion of pro-inflammatory Th-17 was not cytokine mediated but the consequence of their lower expression of the co-stimulatory molecule CD86. Our data suggest that expanded Tregs have the capacity to induce phenotypical and functional changes in monocytes that might be crucial for tolerance induction in transplantation and the prevention/treatment of GvHD and autoimmune diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Romano
- Immunoregulation Laboratory, MRC Centre for Transplantation, School of Immunology & Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Giorgia Fanelli
- Immunoregulation Laboratory, MRC Centre for Transplantation, School of Immunology & Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Nicole Tan
- Immunoregulation Laboratory, MRC Centre for Transplantation, School of Immunology & Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Estefania Nova-Lamperti
- Immunoregulation Laboratory, MRC Centre for Transplantation, School of Immunology & Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.,Molecular and Translational Immunology Laboratory, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Concepcion, Concepcion, Chile
| | - Reuben McGregor
- Immunoregulation Laboratory, MRC Centre for Transplantation, School of Immunology & Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Robert I Lechler
- Immunoregulation Laboratory, MRC Centre for Transplantation, School of Immunology & Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Giovanna Lombardi
- Immunoregulation Laboratory, MRC Centre for Transplantation, School of Immunology & Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Cristiano Scottà
- Immunoregulation Laboratory, MRC Centre for Transplantation, School of Immunology & Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
149
|
Izzo R, Bevivino G, De Simone V, Sedda S, Monteleone I, Marafini I, Di Giovangiulio M, Rizzo A, Franzè E, Colantoni A, Ortenzi A, Monteleone G. Knockdown of Smad7 With a Specific Antisense Oligonucleotide Attenuates Colitis and Colitis-Driven Colonic Fibrosis in Mice. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2018; 24:1213-1224. [PMID: 29668937 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izy062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In Crohn's disease (CD), the pathogenic immune response is associated with high Smad7, an inhibitor of TGF-β1 signaling. Smad7 knockdown with Mongersen, a specific antisense oligonucleotide-containing compound, restores TGF-β1 activity leading to inhibition of inflammatory signals and associates with clinical benefit in CD patients. As TGF-β1 is pro-fibrogenic, it remains unclear whether Mongersen-induced Smad7 inhibition increases the risk of intestinal fibrosis. We assessed the impact of Smad7 inhibition on the course of colitis-driven intestinal fibrosis in mice. METHODS BALB/c mice were rectally treated with increasing doses of trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS) for 8 or 12 weeks. The effect of oral Smad7 antisense or control oligonucleotide, administered to mice starting from week 5 or week 8, respectively, on mucosal inflammation and colitis-associated colonic fibrosis was assessed. Mucosal samples were analyzed for Smad7 by immunoblotting and immunohistochemistry, TGF-β1 by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and collagen by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS TNBS-induced chronic colitis was associated with colonic deposition of collagen I and fibrosis, which were evident at week 8 and became more pronounced at week 12. TNBS treatment enhanced Smad7 in both colonic epithelial and lamina propria mononuclear cells. Colitic mice treated with Smad7 antisense oligonucleotide exhibited reduced signs of colitis, less collagen deposition, and diminished fibrosis. These findings were associated with diminished synthesis of TGF-β1 and reduced p-Smad3 protein expression. CONCLUSION Attenuation of colitis with Smad7 antisense oligonucleotide limits development of colonic fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Izzo
- Dipartimento di Medicina dei Sistemi, Università Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Gerolamo Bevivino
- Dipartimento di Medicina dei Sistemi, Università Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Veronica De Simone
- Dipartimento di Medicina dei Sistemi, Università Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Sedda
- Dipartimento di Medicina dei Sistemi, Università Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Ivan Monteleone
- Dipartimento di Medicina dei Sistemi, Università Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.,Dipartimento di Biomedicina e Prevenzione, Università Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Irene Marafini
- Dipartimento di Medicina dei Sistemi, Università Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Angelamaria Rizzo
- Dipartimento di Medicina dei Sistemi, Università Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Eleonora Franzè
- Dipartimento di Medicina dei Sistemi, Università Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Alfredo Colantoni
- Dipartimento di Medicina dei Sistemi, Università Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Angela Ortenzi
- Dipartimento di Medicina dei Sistemi, Università Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | | |
Collapse
|
150
|
Abstract
Activation of TGF-β1 initiates a program of temporary collagen accumulation important to wound repair in many organs. However, the outcome of temporary extracellular matrix strengthening all too frequently morphs into progressive fibrosis, contributing to morbidity and mortality worldwide. To avoid this maladaptive outcome, TGF-β1 signaling is regulated at numerous levels and intimately connected to feedback signals that limit accumulation. Here, we examine the current understanding of the core functions of TGF-β1 in promoting collagen accumulation, parallel pathways that promote physiological repair, and pathological triggers that tip the balance toward progressive fibrosis. Implicit in better understanding of these processes is the identification of therapeutic opportunities that will need to be further advanced to limit or reverse organ fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin K Kim
- Department of Medicine, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
| | - Dean Sheppard
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute, and Lung Biology Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143
| | - Harold A Chapman
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute, and Lung Biology Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143
| |
Collapse
|