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Alghetaa H, Mohammed A, Singh NP, Bloomquist RF, Chatzistamou I, Nagarkatti M, Nagarkatti P. Estrobolome dysregulation is associated with altered immunometabolism in a mouse model of endometriosis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1261781. [PMID: 38144564 PMCID: PMC10748389 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1261781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Endometriosis is a painful disease that affects around 5% of women of reproductive age. In endometriosis, ectopic endometrial cells or seeded endometrial debris grow in abnormal locations including the peritoneal cavity. Common manifestations of endometriosis include dyspareunia, dysmenorrhea, chronic pelvic pain and often infertility and symptomatic relief or surgical removal are mainstays of treatment. Endometriosis both promotes and responds to estrogen imbalance, leading to intestinal bacterial estrobolome dysregulation and a subsequent induction of inflammation. Methods In the current study, we investigated the linkage between gut dysbiosis and immune metabolic response in endometriotic mice. Ovariectomized BALB/c mice received intraperitoneal transplantation of endometrial tissue from OVX donors (OVX+END). Control groups included naïve mice (Naïve), naïve mice that received endometrial transplants (Naive+END) and OVX mice that received the vehicle (OVX+VEH). Colonic content was collected 2 weeks post-transplantation for 16s rRNA pyrosequencing and peritoneal fluid was collected to determine the phenotype of inflammatory cells by flow cytometry. Results We noted a significant increase in the number of peritoneal fluid cells, specifically, T cells, natural killer (NK) cells, and NKT cells in OVX+END mice. Phylogenetic taxonomy analysis showed significant dysbiosis in OVX+END mice, with an increase in abundance of Phylum Tenericutes, Class Mollicutes, Order Aneroplasmatales, and Genus Aneroplasma, and a decrease in Order Clostridiales, and Genus Dehalobacterium, when compared to OVX+VEH controls. The metabolomic profile showed an increase in some tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA)-related metabolites accompanied by a reduction in short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) such as butyric acid in OVX+END mice. Additionally, the mitochondrial and ATP production of immune cells was enforced to a maximal rate in OVX+END mice when compared to OVX+VEH mice. Conclusion The current study demonstrates that endometriosis alters the gut microbiota and associated immune metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Prakash Nagarkatti
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
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Thapa R, Garikipati A, Ciobanu M, Singh NP, Browning E, DeCurzio J, Barnes G, Dinenno FA, Mao Q, Das R. Machine Learning Differentiation of Autism Spectrum Sub-Classifications. J Autism Dev Disord 2023:10.1007/s10803-023-06121-4. [PMID: 37751097 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-023-06121-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Disorders on the autism spectrum have characteristics that can manifest as difficulties with communication, executive functioning, daily living, and more. These challenges can be mitigated with early identification. However, diagnostic criteria has changed from DSM-IV to DSM-5, which can make diagnosing a disorder on the autism spectrum complex. We evaluated machine learning to classify individuals as having one of three disorders of the autism spectrum under DSM-IV, or as non-spectrum. METHODS We employed machine learning to analyze retrospective data from 38,560 individuals. Inputs encompassed clinical, demographic, and assessment data. RESULTS The algorithm achieved AUROCs ranging from 0.863 to 0.980. The model correctly classified 80.5% individuals; 12.6% of individuals from this dataset were misclassified with another disorder on the autism spectrum. CONCLUSION Machine learning can classify individuals as having a disorder on the autism spectrum or as non-spectrum using minimal data inputs.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Thapa
- Montera, Inc dba Forta, 548 Market St, PMB 89605, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - A Garikipati
- Montera, Inc dba Forta, 548 Market St, PMB 89605, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - M Ciobanu
- Montera, Inc dba Forta, 548 Market St, PMB 89605, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - N P Singh
- Montera, Inc dba Forta, 548 Market St, PMB 89605, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - E Browning
- Montera, Inc dba Forta, 548 Market St, PMB 89605, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - J DeCurzio
- Montera, Inc dba Forta, 548 Market St, PMB 89605, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - G Barnes
- Montera, Inc dba Forta, 548 Market St, PMB 89605, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - F A Dinenno
- Montera, Inc dba Forta, 548 Market St, PMB 89605, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Q Mao
- Montera, Inc dba Forta, 548 Market St, PMB 89605, San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | - R Das
- Montera, Inc dba Forta, 548 Market St, PMB 89605, San Francisco, CA, USA
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Namgial T, Singh AK, Singh NP, Francis A, Chattopadhyay D, Voloudakis A, Chakraborty S. Correction to: Differential expression of genes during recovery of Nicotiana tabacum from tomato leaf curl Gujarat virus infection. Planta 2023; 258:51. [PMID: 37490148 PMCID: PMC10368538 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-023-04206-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- T Namgial
- Laboratory of Plant Breeding and Biometry, Department of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, 11855, Greece
- Molecular Virology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - A K Singh
- Molecular Virology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - N P Singh
- Laboratory of Plant Molecular Biology, National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - A Francis
- Laboratory of Plant Molecular Biology, National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - D Chattopadhyay
- Laboratory of Plant Molecular Biology, National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - A Voloudakis
- Laboratory of Plant Breeding and Biometry, Department of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, 11855, Greece.
| | - S Chakraborty
- Molecular Virology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India.
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Namgial T, Singh AK, Singh NP, Francis A, Chattopadhyay D, Voloudakis A, Chakraborty S. Differential expression of genes during recovery of Nicotiana tabacum from tomato leaf curl Gujarat virus infection. Planta 2023; 258:37. [PMID: 37405593 PMCID: PMC10322791 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-023-04182-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION Nicotiana tabacum exhibits recovery response towards tomato leaf curl Gujarat virus. Transcriptome analysis revealed the differential expression of defense-related genes. Genes encoding for cysteine protease inhibitor, hormonal- and stress-related to DNA repair mechanism are found to be involved in the recovery process. Elucidating the role of host factors in response to viral infection is crucial in understanding the plant host-virus interaction. Begomovirus, a genus in the family Geminiviridae, is reported throughout the globe and is known to cause serious crop diseases. Tomato leaf curl Gujarat virus (ToLCGV) infection in Nicotiana tabacum resulted in initial symptom expression followed by a quick recovery in the systemic leaves. Transcriptome analysis using next-generation sequencing (NGS) revealed a large number of differentially expressed genes both in symptomatic as well as recovered leaves when compared to mock-inoculated plants. The virus infected N. tabacum results in alteration of various metabolic pathways, phytohormone signaling pathway, defense related protein, protease inhibitor, and DNA repair pathway. RT-qPCR results indicated that Germin-like protein subfamily T member 2 (NtGLPST), Cysteine protease inhibitor 1-like (NtCPI), Thaumatin-like protein (NtTLP), Kirola-like (NtKL), and Ethylene-responsive transcription factor ERF109-like (NtERTFL) were down-regulated in symptomatic leaves when compared to recovered leaves of ToLCGV-infected plants. In contrast, the Auxin-responsive protein SAUR71-like (NtARPSL) was found to be differentially down-regulated in recovered leaves when compared to symptomatic leaves and the mock-inoculated plants. Lastly, Histone 2X protein like (NtHH2L) gene was found to be down-regulated, whereas Uncharacterized (NtUNCD) was up-regulated in both symptomatic as well as recovered leaves compared to the mock-inoculated plants. Taken together, the present study suggests potential roles of the differentially expressed genes that might govern tobacco's susceptibility and/or recovery response towards ToLCGV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Namgial
- Laboratory of Plant Breeding and Biometry, Department of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, 11855, Greece
- Molecular Virology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - A K Singh
- Molecular Virology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - N P Singh
- Laboratory of Plant Molecular Biology, National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - A Francis
- Laboratory of Plant Molecular Biology, National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - D Chattopadhyay
- Laboratory of Plant Molecular Biology, National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - A Voloudakis
- Laboratory of Plant Breeding and Biometry, Department of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, 11855, Greece.
| | - S Chakraborty
- Molecular Virology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India
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Das S, Nirmal K, Gupta C, Jain C, Gupta N, Arora V, Sharma S, Mohapatra S, Singh PK, Dar SA, Rai G, Goyal N, Meena M, Ahmad N, Singh NP. COVID associated fungal sinusitis: An experience from a tertiary care hospital. Clin Otolaryngol 2023; 48:715-720. [PMID: 37308457 DOI: 10.1111/coa.14061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shukla Das
- Department of Microbiology, University College of Medical Sciences (University of Delhi) & GTB Hospital, Delhi, 110095, India
| | - Kirti Nirmal
- Department of Microbiology, University College of Medical Sciences (University of Delhi) & GTB Hospital, Delhi, 110095, India
| | - Chhavi Gupta
- Department of Infectious Disease, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India
- Department of Infectious Disease, Northern Railway Central Hospital, New Delhi, 110001, India
| | - Charu Jain
- Department of Microbiology, University College of Medical Sciences (University of Delhi) & GTB Hospital, Delhi, 110095, India
| | - Neelima Gupta
- Department of ENT, University College of Medical Sciences (University of Delhi) & GTB Hospital, Delhi, 110095, India
| | - Vipin Arora
- Department of ENT, University College of Medical Sciences (University of Delhi) & GTB Hospital, Delhi, 110095, India
| | - Sonal Sharma
- Department of Pathology, University College of Medical Sciences (University of Delhi) & GTB Hospital, Delhi, 110095, India
| | - Subhashree Mohapatra
- Department of Microbiology, University College of Medical Sciences (University of Delhi) & GTB Hospital, Delhi, 110095, India
| | - Praveen K Singh
- Department of Microbiology, University College of Medical Sciences (University of Delhi) & GTB Hospital, Delhi, 110095, India
| | - Sajad A Dar
- Department of Microbiology, University College of Medical Sciences (University of Delhi) & GTB Hospital, Delhi, 110095, India
- Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing, Jazan University, Jazan, 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gargi Rai
- Department of Microbiology, University College of Medical Sciences (University of Delhi) & GTB Hospital, Delhi, 110095, India
| | - Nisha Goyal
- Department of Microbiology, University College of Medical Sciences (University of Delhi) & GTB Hospital, Delhi, 110095, India
| | - Manoj Meena
- Department of Microbiology, University College of Medical Sciences (University of Delhi) & GTB Hospital, Delhi, 110095, India
| | - Nadeem Ahmad
- Department of Microbiology, University College of Medical Sciences (University of Delhi) & GTB Hospital, Delhi, 110095, India
| | - Narendra P Singh
- Department of Microbiology, University College of Medical Sciences (University of Delhi) & GTB Hospital, Delhi, 110095, India
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Alharris E, Alghetaa H, Seth R, Chatterjee S, Singh NP, Nagarkatti M, Nagarkatti P. Corrigendum: Resveratrol attenuates allergic asthma and associated inflammation in the lungs through regulation of miRNA-34a that targets FoxP3 in mice. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1130947. [PMID: 36865561 PMCID: PMC9972969 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1130947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02992.].
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Affiliation(s)
- Esraah Alharris
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Hasan Alghetaa
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Ratanesh Seth
- Environmental Health and Disease Laboratory, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Saurabh Chatterjee
- Environmental Health and Disease Laboratory, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Narendra P. Singh
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Mitzi Nagarkatti
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Prakash Nagarkatti
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States,*Correspondence: Prakash Nagarkatti,
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7
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Kaur K, Khalil S, Singh NP, Dewan P, Gupta P, Shah D. Antibiotic Susceptibility, Carrier State and Predictors of Outcome of Staphylococcus aureus Infections in Hospitalized Children. Indian Pediatr 2023; 60:49-53. [PMID: 36415114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the antibiotic resistance pattern, clinical profile and predictors for adverse outcomes in children hospitalized due to staphylococcal infection; and the frequency of nasal and axillary carrier states in these children. METHODS This descriptive study enrolled 100 symptomatic children (aged 1 month - 12 years) in whom S. aureus was isolated from cultures of blood, pus or cerebrospinal fluid. All samples were processed as per the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) standards. Antimicrobial susceptibility was tested using disc diffusion method; minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for vancomycin was measured using E strips. Predictors for poor recovery were determined by univariate and multivariable logistic regression analysis. RESULTS Skin and soft tissue infections were the most common (47%) followed by respiratory infections (37%). Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was detected in 62%, out of which 63% (39/62) were multi-drug resistant. Carrier state was present in 49% (93% MRSA); 80% were axillary carriers. High MIC (>1 µg/mL) for vancomycin was seen in 65% of patients, and was the only factor associated with poor recovery [aOR (95%CI) 5.3 (1.6,18.5); P=0.008] on multivariable logistic regression analysis. CONCLUSION MRSA is the predominant strain in severe staphylococcal infections requiring hospitalization, and majority of them are multidrug resistant. High MIC to vancomycin among S. aureus is an emerging concern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiranpreet Kaur
- Department of Pediatrics, University College of Medical Sciences (University of Delhi) and GTB Hospital, Delhi
| | - Sumaira Khalil
- Department of Pediatrics, University College of Medical Sciences (University of Delhi) and GTB Hospital, Delhi
| | - N P Singh
- Department of Microbiology, University College of Medical Sciences (University of Delhi) and GTB Hospital, Delhi
| | - Pooja Dewan
- Department of Pediatrics, University College of Medical Sciences (University of Delhi) and GTB Hospital, Delhi
| | - Piyush Gupta
- Department of Pediatrics, University College of Medical Sciences (University of Delhi) and GTB Hospital, Delhi
| | - Dheeraj Shah
- Department of Pediatrics, University College of Medical Sciences (University of Delhi) and GTB Hospital, Delhi. Correspondence to: Dr Dheeraj Shah, Director-Professor, Department of Pediatrics, University College of Medical Sciences and GTB Hospital, Delhi 110095.
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Singh NP, Yang X, Bam M, Nagarkatti M, Nagarkatti P. 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin induces multigenerational alterations in the expression of microRNA in the thymus through epigenetic modifications. PNAS Nexus 2023; 2:pgac290. [PMID: 36712935 PMCID: PMC9833045 DOI: 10.1093/pnasnexus/pgac290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), a potent AhR ligand, is an environmental contaminant that is known for mediating toxicity across generations. However, whether TCDD can induce multigenerational changes in the expression of microRNAs (miRs) has not been previously studied. In the current study, we investigated the effect of administration of TCDD in pregnant mice (F0) on gestational day 14, on the expression of miRs in the thymus of F0 and subsequent generations (F1 and F2). Of the 3200 miRs screened, 160 miRs were dysregulated similarly in F0, F1, and F2 generations, while 46 miRs were differentially altered in F0 to F2 generations. Pathway analysis revealed that the changes in miR signature profile mediated by TCDD affected the genes that regulate cell signaling, apoptosis, thymic atrophy, cancer, immunosuppression, and other physiological pathways. A significant number of miRs that showed altered expression exhibited dioxin response elements (DRE) on their promoters. Focusing on one such miR, namely miR-203 that expressed DREs and was induced across F0 to F2 by TCDD, promoter analysis showed that one of the DREs expressed by miR-203 was functional to TCDD-mediated upregulation. Also, the histone methylation status of H3K4me3 in the miR-203 promoter was significantly increased near the transcriptional start site in TCDD-treated thymocytes across F0 to F2 generations. Genome-wide chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing study suggested that TCDD may cause alterations in histone methylation in certain genes across the three generations. Together, the current study demonstrates that gestational exposure to TCDD can alter the expression of miRs in F0 through direct activation of DREs as well as across F0, F1, and F2 generations through epigenetic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narendra P Singh
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - Xiaoming Yang
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - Marpe Bam
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - Mitzi Nagarkatti
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - Prakash Nagarkatti
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
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Khan AM, Patra S, Jain AK, Madhu SV, Saxena A, Aggarwal A, Suneja A, Tyagi A, Avasthi R, Singh NP, Shah D, Dhall A, Kalra R, Arora R, Gupta S, Vaney N. Development and implementation of a sustainable COVID-19 training package for healthcare workers: Experience from a teaching hospital of North India. J Family Med Prim Care 2022; 11:5345-5350. [PMID: 36505624 PMCID: PMC9730942 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_2196_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background With the impending threat of future COVID-19 waves, it is imperative that teaching hospitals develop, implement, and evaluate a systematic training program to render HCW elastic in delivering COVID-19 related services. We present our experience in developing, implementing, and evaluating a sustainable and scalable COVID-19 patient management training package for healthcare workers. Materials and Methods A mixed-methods study design was used. Rapid assessment to understand the need of the trainees and identify the available resources was done followed by planning of the training module and its implementation. The program was evaluated for effectiveness and sustainability. Data analysis was done using descriptive statistics and qualitative data generated from open-ended questions in the feedback forms and the discussions were analyzed using rapid content analysis. Results A total of 66.8% of the doctors and 18.9% of the nurses were trained by online synchronous mode while 55.0% of the nursing officers and 47.1% of the nursing orderlies and paramedical staff were trained in onsite skill development sessions. Need assessment identified that healthcare workers were ill-prepared to use medical devices such as Bipap machines, ventilators, and oxygen delivery devices. The participants mentioned that the multidisciplinary approach and video-based demonstrations facilitated their online learning while the incremental learning approach, easy-to-understand terminology and hands-on experience facilitated their onsite skill development sessions. Conclusion The COVID-19 training package developed was multidisciplinary, effective, sustainable, and scalable in a resource-limited setting. We suggest that this model can be adapted by healthcare organizations to develop and implement such training packages for their healthcare workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Maroof Khan
- Department of Community Medicine, Medical Education Unit, University College of Medical Sciences and GTB Hospital, Delhi, India,Address for correspondence: Dr. Amir Maroof Khan, Department of Community Medicine, Medical Education Unit, University College of Medical Sciences and GTB Hospital, Delhi, India. Department of Community Medicine, Room No 414, Fourth Floor, UCMS and GTB Hospital, Shahdra - 110 095, Delhi, India. E-mail:
| | - Somdatta Patra
- Department of Community Medicine, University College of Medical Sciences and GTB Hospital, Delhi, India
| | - Anil K. Jain
- Department of Orthopaedics, University College of Medical Sciences and GTB Hospital, Delhi, India
| | - SV Madhu
- Department of Endocrinology, University College of Medical Sciences and GTB Hospital, Delhi, India
| | - Ashok Saxena
- Department of Anaesthesiology, University College of Medical Sciences and GTB Hospital, Delhi, India
| | - Anju Aggarwal
- Department of Pediatrics, University College of Medical Sciences and GTB Hospital, Delhi, India
| | - Amita Suneja
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University College of Medical Sciences and GTB Hospital, Delhi, India
| | - Asha Tyagi
- Department of Anaesthesiology, University College of Medical Sciences and GTB Hospital, Delhi, India
| | - Rajnish Avasthi
- Department of Medicine, University College of Medical Sciences and GTB Hospital, Delhi, India
| | - Narendra P. Singh
- Department of Microbiology, University College of Medical Sciences and GTB Hospital, Delhi, India
| | - Dheeraj Shah
- Department of Pediatrics, University College of Medical Sciences and GTB Hospital, Delhi, India
| | - Anjana Dhall
- Florence Nightingale College of Nursing, Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, Delhi, India
| | - Rajesh Kalra
- Department of Additional Medical Superintendent, GTB Hospital and UCMS, Delhi, India
| | - Rajesh Arora
- Department of Orthopaedics, University College of Medical Sciences and GTB Hospital, Delhi, India
| | - Sanjay Gupta
- Department of Surgery, University College of Medical Sciences and GTB Hospital, Delhi, India
| | - Neelam Vaney
- Department of Physiology, University College of Medical Sciences and GTB Hospital, Delhi, India
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Parihar AK, Hazra KK, Lamichaney A, Dixit GP, Singh D, Singh AK, Singh NP. Characterizing plant trait(s) for improved heat tolerance in field pea (Pisum sativum L.) under subtropical climate. Int J Biometeorol 2022; 66:1267-1281. [PMID: 35486200 DOI: 10.1007/s00484-022-02275-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Revised: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Field pea is highly sensitive to climatic vagaries, particularly high-temperature stress. The crop often experiences terminal heat stress in tropical climates indicating the need for the development of heat-tolerant cultivars. Characterization and identification of stress-adaptive plant traits are pre-requisites for breeding stress-tolerant/adaptive cultivar(s). In the study, a panel of 150 diverse field pea genotypes was tested under three different temperature environments (i.e., normal sowing time or non-heat stress environment (NSTE), 15 days after normal sowing time or heat stress environment-I (LSHTE-I), and 30 days after normal sowing time or heat stress environment-II (LSHTE-II)) to verify the effect of high-temperature environment, genotype, and genotype × environment interaction on different plant traits and to elucidate their significance in heat stress adaptation/tolerance. The delayed sowing had exposed field pea crops to high temperatures during flowering stage by + 3.5 °C and + 8.1 °C in the LSHTE-I and LSHTE-II, respectively. Likewise, the maximum ambient temperature during the grain-filling period was + 3.3 °C and + 6.1 °C higher in the LSHTE-I and LSHTE-II over the NSTE. The grain yield loss with heat stress was 25.8 ± 2.2% in LSHTE-I, and 59.3 ± 1.5% in LSHTE-II compared to the NSTE. Exposure of crops to a high-temperature environment during the flowering stage had a higher impact on grain yield than the heat stress at the grain filling period. Results suggested that the reduced sink capacity (pod set (pod plant-1), seed set (seed pod-1)) was the primary cause of yield loss under the heat stress environments, while, under the NSTE, yield potential was mostly attributed to the source capacity (plant biomass). The high-temperature stress resulted in forced maturity as revealed by shrinkage in crop period (5-11%) and reproductive period (15-36%), prominently in long-duration genotypes. The failure of pod set in the upper nodes and higher ovule abortion (7-16%) was noticed under the high-temperature environments, particularly in the LSHTE-II. Multivariate analysis results revealed seed set, pods plant-1, last pod bearing node, and plant biomass as a critical yield determinant under the heat stress. The GGE biplot suggested that the genotypes G-112, G-114, and G-33 had higher potential to sustain yield coupled with higher stability across the environments and, thus, could serve as a source for breeding heat-tolerant high yielding cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashok K Parihar
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, 208024, India
| | - Kali K Hazra
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, 208024, India.
| | - Amrit Lamichaney
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, 208024, India.
| | - Girish P Dixit
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, 208024, India
| | - Deepak Singh
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Anil K Singh
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, 208024, India
| | - Narendra P Singh
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, 208024, India
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Nanglia S, Mahajan BVC, Singh NP, Kapoor S, Bhullar KS, Kaur S, Kumar V. Combined effect of acids and shellac coating on pericarp browning, enzymatic activities and biochemical attributes of litchi fruit during storage. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.16535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shilpa Nanglia
- Department of Fruit Science Punjab Agricultural University Ludhiana
| | - BVC Mahajan
- Department of Fruit Science Punjab Agricultural University Ludhiana
| | - NP Singh
- Department of Fruit Science Punjab Agricultural University Ludhiana
| | - Swati Kapoor
- Department of Food Science and Technology Punjab Agricultural University Ludhiana
| | - KS Bhullar
- School of Organic Farming Punjab Agricultural University Ludhiana
| | | | - Vikas Kumar
- Department of Food Science and Technology Punjab Agricultural University Ludhiana
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Das S, Gupta C, Jain C, Rai G, Alqumber MAA, Singh PK, Sharma R, Tyagi A, Salhotra R, Narang S, Singh NP, Dar SA. Utility of serum Galactomannan in diagnosing COVID-19 patients with suspected IPA: an observational study in resource limited settings. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2022; 26:710-714. [PMID: 35113446 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202201_27897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the utility of Galactomannan (GM) antigen as a screening marker for diagnosing invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS The serum samples from patients with severe COVID-19 diseases admitted to the Critical Care Unit were collected on the 5th day of admission for GM screening. The samples were analysed by enzyme linked immune sorbent assay (ELISA) and GM index of more than 1 was considered as positive. All GM positive patients were serially followed until discharge or death. RESULTS The GM was raised in serum of 12 out of 38 patients, indicating an incidence of possible COVID-19 associated IPA (CAPA) in 31.57% of patients. The median age of these CAPA patients was 56.5 years, males were significantly more affected than females. The inflammatory marker serum ferritin was raised in all 12 patients (median value of 713.74 ng/ml), while IL-6 was raised in 9 patients (median value of 54.13 ng/ml). None of these patients received antifungals. Their median length of hospital stay was 20 days (IQR: 12, 34 days). All these patients succumbed to the illness. CONCLUSIONS The serum GM appears to be sensitive diagnostic tool to identify early IPA in COVID-19 patients and pre-emptive antifungal therapy could play a role in salvaging these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Das
- Department of Microbiology, University College of Medical Sciences and Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, Delhi, India.
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Vishwakarma S, Kanti V, Verma V, Singh M, Mittal N, Singh NP. A comparative analysis of nondescent vaginal hysterectomy, laparoscopy-assisted vaginal hysterectomy, and total laparoscopic hysterectomy for benign uterine diseases at a rural tertiary care center. Gynecol Minim Invasive Ther 2022; 11:164-170. [PMID: 36158288 PMCID: PMC9491064 DOI: 10.4103/gmit.gmit_111_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare operative data and postoperative complications among nondescent vaginal hysterectomy (NDVH), laparoscopy-assisted vaginal hysterectomy (LAVH), and total laparoscopic hysterectomy (TLH) at a rural tertiary care center. Materials and Methods: This is a prospective analytical study, of 145 hysterectomies for benign conditions with or without salpingo-oophorectomy in women from 30 to 60 years, over 3 years from January 2016 to December 2019, with 60 cases of NDVH, 46 cases of LAVH, and 39 cases of TLH. The three groups were compared intraoperatively in terms of blood loss, operating time, and intraoperative complications and postoperative complications and postoperative duration of hospital stay. Results: There was no significant difference between the three groups in terms of age, parity, body mass index, and indications for hysterectomies. The mean operative time was significantly shorter (P = 0.000) in the NDVH group (54.67 ± 15.67 min) as compared to the LAVH (102.45 ± 10.53 min) and TLH (126.79 ± 8.7 min) groups. Intraoperative blood loss was greater (P = 0.000) in the TLH group (111.025 mL ± 20.8) as compared to the NDVH (59.50 mL ± 16.7) and LAVH (91.85 mL ± 10.66) groups. The intraoperative complications and postoperative complications were higher in the TLH group as compared to the LAVH and NDVH groups. The duration of hospital stay was almost similar in all the groups. Conclusion: NDVH may be the preferred approach for experienced surgeons, as it is less time-consuming, has a small amount of blood loss, and is a scarless surgery, whereas LAVH and TLH may be the preferred approaches in the cases of presence of adnexal masses and adhesions or whenever salpingo-oophorectomy is indicated.
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Kesarwani V, Singh NP, Kashyap B, Kumar A. Detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis on stool specimens by PCR among patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. J Family Med Prim Care 2022; 11:97-101. [PMID: 35309666 PMCID: PMC8930129 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_584_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: To detect Mycobacterium tuberculosis on stool specimens by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) among patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. Detection of M. tuberculosis complex in sputum forms the basis of diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis. However, some patients tend to swallow sputum and some are unable to produce sputum. Based on the survival of M. tuberculosis in the gastric fluid, swallowed organisms may be detectable in stool samples. Methods: The study was carried out on 30 cases each in four groups: sputum smear-positive and sputum smear-negative adults, pediatric patients suspected of pulmonary tuberculosis along with healthy controls. The samples were processed for direct microscopy for acid-fast bacilli (AFB) and M. tuberculosis culture. Stool PCR was done on all 120 samples. Results: AFB was demonstrated in 42 and cultured in 39 out of 240 samples. PCR-targeting IS6110 gene showed positive results in 24 (20%) out of 120 stool samples. PCR in stool showed the highest positivity in sputum smear-positive samples followed by gastric aspirates and sputum smear-negative samples. Conclusion: Stool PCR is a potentially useful diagnostic method for pulmonary tuberculosis.
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15
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Kashyap B, Singh NP, Nirmal K, Meena M. Uropathogens and the antibiogram profile from a tertiary care hospital: A 2-month study post conversion of a COVID dedicated center to a non-COVID one. Indian J Med Spec 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/injms.injms_145_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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16
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Singh NP, Monks D, Makkar JK, Palanisamy A, Sultan P, Singh PM. Efficacy of regional blocks or local anaesthetic infiltration for analgesia after caesarean delivery: a network meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Anaesthesia 2021; 77:463-474. [PMID: 34958680 DOI: 10.1111/anae.15645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Caesarean delivery is common and can cause severe postoperative pain but injection of local anaesthetic at various sites for regional blocks or local anaesthetic infiltration may reduce this. We aimed to compare and rank these sites. We searched PubMed, Google Scholar, EMBASE and CENTRAL to June 2021 for randomised controlled trials and performed a random-effects Bayesian model network meta-analysis. The primary outcome was dose of parenteral morphine equivalents in the first 24 postoperative hours. We used surface under cumulative ranking probabilities to order techniques. We analysed 114 trials (8730 participants). The ordered mean (95% credible interval) reduction in morphine equivalents, from 34 mg with placebo, were as follows: ilio-inguinal 15 (1-32) mg; ilio-inguinal-iliohypogastric 13 (6-19) mg; transversalis fascia 11 (4-26) mg; erector spinae 11 (10-32); transverse abdominis 9 (4-13) mg; wound catheter infusion 8 (2-15) mg; quadratus lumborum 8 (1-15) mg; wound infiltration 8 (2-13) mg; and no intervention -4 (-10 to 2) mg. Ordered efficacies for injection sites were different for other relevant outcomes, including pain (to 4-6 h and to 24 h) and time to rescue analgesia: there was no single preferred route of injection. The ordered mean (95% credible interval) reduction in dynamic pain scores (0-10 scale) at 24 h compared with placebo were as follows: wound infusion 1.2 (0.2-2.1); erector spinae 1.3 (-0.5 to 3.1); quadratus lumborum 1.0 (0.1-1.8); ilio-inguinal-iliohypogastric 0.6 (-0.5 to 1.8); transverse abdominis 0.6 (-0.1 to 1.2); wound infiltration 0.5 (-0.3 to 1.3); transversalis fascia -0.8 (-3.4 to 1.9); ilio-inguinal -0.9 (-3.6 to 1.7); and no intervention -0.8 (-1.8 to 0.2). We categorised our confidence in effect sizes as low or very low.
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Affiliation(s)
- N P Singh
- Department of Anaesthesia, Maharishi Markandeshwar Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Maharishi Markandeshwar University, Mullana-Ambala, India
| | - D Monks
- Department of Anesthesia, Washington University, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - J K Makkar
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive care, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - A Palanisamy
- Department of Anesthesia, Washington University, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - P Sultan
- Department of Anesthesia, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - P M Singh
- Department of Anesthesia, Washington University, Saint Louis, MO, USA
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Palakurthi R, Jayalakshmi V, Kumar Y, Kulwal P, Yasin M, Kute NS, Laxuman C, Yeri S, Vemula A, Rathore A, Samineni S, Soren KR, Mondal B, Dixit GP, Bharadwaj C, Chaturvedi SK, Gaur PM, Roorkiwal M, Thudi M, Singh NP, Varshney RK. Translational Chickpea Genomics Consortium to Accelerate Genetic Gains in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). Plants 2021; 10:plants10122583. [PMID: 34961053 PMCID: PMC8703834 DOI: 10.3390/plants10122583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
The Translational Chickpea Genomics Consortium (TCGC) was set up to increase the production and productivity of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). It represents research institutes from six major chickpea growing states (Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Karnataka and Uttar Pradesh) of India. The TCGC team has been engaged in deploying modern genomics approaches in breeding and popularizing improved varieties in farmers’ fields across the states. Using marker-assisted backcrossing, introgression lines with enhanced drought tolerance and fusarium wilt resistance have been developed in the genetic background of 10 elite varieties of chickpea. Multi-location evaluation of 100 improved lines (70 desi and 30 kabuli) during 2016–2017 and 2018–2019 enabled the identification of top performing desi and kabuli lines. In total, 909 Farmer Participatory Varietal Selection trials were conducted in 158 villages in 16 districts of the five states, during 2017–2018, 2018–2019, and 2019–2020, involving 16 improved varieties. New molecular breeding lines developed in different genetic backgrounds are potential candidates for national trials under the ICAR-All India Coordinated Research Project on Chickpea. The comprehensive efforts of TCGC resulted in the development and adoption of high-yielding varieties that will increase chickpea productivity and the profitability of chickpea growing farmers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramesh Palakurthi
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru 502324, India; (R.P.); (A.V.); (A.R.); (S.S.); (P.M.G.); (M.R.)
| | - Veera Jayalakshmi
- Regional Agricultural Research Station (RARS), Acharya N.G. Ranga Agricultural University (ANGRAU), Nandyal 518501, India;
| | - Yogesh Kumar
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research (IIPR), Kanpur 208024, India; (Y.K.); (K.R.S.); (B.M.); (G.P.D.); (S.K.C.)
| | - Pawan Kulwal
- Department Agricultural Botany, Mahatma Phule Krishi Vidyapeeth (MPKV), Rahuri 413722, India; (P.K.); (N.S.K.)
| | - Mohammad Yasin
- RAK College of Agriculture (RAKCA), Rajmata Vijayaraje Scindia Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya (RVSKVV), Sehore 466001, India;
| | - Nandkumar Surendra Kute
- Department Agricultural Botany, Mahatma Phule Krishi Vidyapeeth (MPKV), Rahuri 413722, India; (P.K.); (N.S.K.)
| | - Chinchole Laxuman
- Agricultural Research Station (ARS), University of Agricultural Sciences (UAS), Raichur 584104, India; (C.L.); (S.Y.)
| | - Sharanabasappa Yeri
- Agricultural Research Station (ARS), University of Agricultural Sciences (UAS), Raichur 584104, India; (C.L.); (S.Y.)
| | - Anilkumar Vemula
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru 502324, India; (R.P.); (A.V.); (A.R.); (S.S.); (P.M.G.); (M.R.)
| | - Abhishek Rathore
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru 502324, India; (R.P.); (A.V.); (A.R.); (S.S.); (P.M.G.); (M.R.)
| | - Srinivasan Samineni
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru 502324, India; (R.P.); (A.V.); (A.R.); (S.S.); (P.M.G.); (M.R.)
| | - Khela Ram Soren
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research (IIPR), Kanpur 208024, India; (Y.K.); (K.R.S.); (B.M.); (G.P.D.); (S.K.C.)
| | - Biswajit Mondal
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research (IIPR), Kanpur 208024, India; (Y.K.); (K.R.S.); (B.M.); (G.P.D.); (S.K.C.)
| | - Girish Prasad Dixit
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research (IIPR), Kanpur 208024, India; (Y.K.); (K.R.S.); (B.M.); (G.P.D.); (S.K.C.)
| | - Chellapilla Bharadwaj
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), Delhi 110012, India;
| | - Sushil K. Chaturvedi
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research (IIPR), Kanpur 208024, India; (Y.K.); (K.R.S.); (B.M.); (G.P.D.); (S.K.C.)
- College of Agriculture, Rani Lakshmi Bai Central Agricultural University, Jhansi 284003, India
| | - Pooran M. Gaur
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru 502324, India; (R.P.); (A.V.); (A.R.); (S.S.); (P.M.G.); (M.R.)
| | - Manish Roorkiwal
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru 502324, India; (R.P.); (A.V.); (A.R.); (S.S.); (P.M.G.); (M.R.)
| | - Mahendar Thudi
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru 502324, India; (R.P.); (A.V.); (A.R.); (S.S.); (P.M.G.); (M.R.)
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Molecular Biology, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University (RPCAU), Pusa 848125, India
- Correspondence: (M.T.); (N.P.S.); (R.K.V.)
| | - Narendra P. Singh
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research (IIPR), Kanpur 208024, India; (Y.K.); (K.R.S.); (B.M.); (G.P.D.); (S.K.C.)
- Correspondence: (M.T.); (N.P.S.); (R.K.V.)
| | - Rajeev K. Varshney
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru 502324, India; (R.P.); (A.V.); (A.R.); (S.S.); (P.M.G.); (M.R.)
- State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre, Centre for Crop and Food Innovation, Food Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia
- Correspondence: (M.T.); (N.P.S.); (R.K.V.)
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Bohra A, Prasad G, Rathore A, Saxena RK, Naik Sj S, Pareek S, Jha R, Pazhamala L, Datta D, Pandey G, Tiwari A, Maurya AK, Soren KR, Akram M, Varshney RK, Singh NP. Global gene expression analysis of pigeonpea with male sterility conditioned by A 2 cytoplasm. Plant Genome 2021; 14:e20132. [PMID: 34494714 DOI: 10.1002/tpg2.20132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Cytoplasmic male sterility(CMS), a maternally inherited trait, provides a promising means to harness yield gains associated with hybrid vigor. In pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Huth], nine types of sterility-inducing cytoplasm have been reported, of which A2 and A4 have been successfully deployed in hybrid breeding. Unfortunately, molecular mechanism of the CMS trait is poorly understood because of limited research invested. More recently, an association between a mitochondrial gene (nad7) and A4 -CMS has been demonstrated in pigeonpea; however, the mechanism underlying A2 -CMS still remains obscure. The current investigation aimed to analyze the differences in A2 -CMS line (ICPL 88039A) and its isogenic maintainer line (ICPL 88039B) at transcriptome level using next-generation sequencing. Gene expression profiling uncovered a set of 505 genes that showed altered expression in response to CMS, of which, 412 genes were upregulated while 93 were downregulated in the fertile maintainer line vs. the CMS line. Further, gene ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analyses revealed association of CMS in pigeonpea with four major pathways: glucose and lipid metabolism, ATP production, pollen development and pollen tube growth, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging. Patterns of digital gene expression were confirmed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) of six candidate genes. This study elucidates candidate genes and metabolic pathways having potential associations with pollen development and male sterility in pigeonpea A2 -CMS. New insights on molecular mechanism of CMS trait in pigeonpea will be helpful to accelerate heterosis utilization for enhancing productivity gains in pigeonpea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Bohra
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research (ICAR-IIPR), Kanpur, India
| | - Gandam Prasad
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, India
| | - Abhishek Rathore
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, India
| | - Rachit K Saxena
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, India
| | - Satheesh Naik Sj
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research (ICAR-IIPR), Kanpur, India
| | - Shalini Pareek
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research (ICAR-IIPR), Kanpur, India
| | - Rintu Jha
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research (ICAR-IIPR), Kanpur, India
| | - Lekha Pazhamala
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, India
| | - Dibendu Datta
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research (ICAR-IIPR), Kanpur, India
| | - Gaurav Pandey
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research (ICAR-IIPR), Kanpur, India
| | - Abha Tiwari
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research (ICAR-IIPR), Kanpur, India
| | | | - Khela Ram Soren
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research (ICAR-IIPR), Kanpur, India
| | - Mohd Akram
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research (ICAR-IIPR), Kanpur, India
| | - Rajeev K Varshney
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, India
- State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre, Centre for Crop and Food Innovation, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Narendra P Singh
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research (ICAR-IIPR), Kanpur, India
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Singh NP. Gene regulation: Context is everything. Curr Biol 2021; 31:R1115-R1117. [PMID: 34637709 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2021.08.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
How transcription factors regulate a distinct set of target genes in different cell types is a fundamental question. A new study demonstrates how Ultrabithorax, a Hox transcription factor, acts as both a repressor and an activator in a cell type-specific manner to alter chromatin accessibility and gene regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narendra P Singh
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, MI 64110, USA.
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20
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Kumari G, Roopa Lavanya G, Shanmugavadivel PS, Singh Y, Singh P, Patidar B, Madhavan L, Gupta S, Singh NP, Pratap A. Genetic diversity and population genetic structure analysis of an extensive collection of wild and cultivated Vigna accessions. Mol Genet Genomics 2021; 296:1337-1353. [PMID: 34611751 DOI: 10.1007/s00438-021-01825-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Vigna is a large, pan-tropic and highly variable group of the legumes family which is known for its > 10 cultivated species having significant commercial value for their nutritious grains and multifarious uses. The wild vignas are considered a reservoir of numerous useful traits which can be deployed for introgression of resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses, seed quality and enhanced survival capability in extreme environments. Nonetheless, for their effective utilization through introgression breeding information on their genetic diversity, population structure and crossability is imperative. Keeping this in view, the present experiment was undertaken with 119 accessions including 99 wild Vigna accessions belonging to 19 species and 18 cultivated genotypes of Vigna and 2 of Phaseolus. Total 102 polymorphic SSRs were deployed to characterize the material at molecular level which produced 1758 alleles. The genotypes were grouped into four major clusters which were further sub-divided in nine sub-clusters. Interestingly, all cultivated species shared a single cluster while no such similarities were observed for the wild accessions as these were distributed in different groups of sub-clusters. The co-dominant allelic data of 114 accessions were then utilized for obtaining status of the accessions and their hybrid forms. The model-based population structure analysis categorized 114 accessions of Vigna into 6 genetically distinct sub-populations (K = 6) following admixture-model based simulation with varying levels of admixture. 91 (79.82%) accessions resembled their hierarchy and 23 (20.18%) accessions were observed as the admixture forms. Maximum number of accessions (25) were grouped in sub-population (SP) 6 and the least accessions were grouped in SP3 and SP5 (11 each). The population genetic structure, therefore, supported genetic diversity analysis and provided an insight into the genetic lineage of these species which will help in effective use of germplasm for development of cultivars following selective prebreeding activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gita Kumari
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Kalyanpur, Kanpur, 208024, India
| | - G Roopa Lavanya
- Sam Higginbottom University of Agricultural Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj, UP, 211 008, India
| | | | - Yogendra Singh
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Kalyanpur, Kanpur, 208024, India
| | - Parikshit Singh
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Kalyanpur, Kanpur, 208024, India
| | - Bharat Patidar
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Kalyanpur, Kanpur, 208024, India
| | - Latha Madhavan
- ICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, Regional Station, Thrissur, Kerala, 680654, India
| | - Sanjeev Gupta
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Kalyanpur, Kanpur, 208024, India
| | - N P Singh
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Kalyanpur, Kanpur, 208024, India
| | - Aditya Pratap
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Kalyanpur, Kanpur, 208024, India.
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21
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Singha SK, Kashyap B, Avasthi R, Hyanki P, Singh NP, Khanna A. Socio-clinico-radiological profile of smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients in association with sputum conversion and baseline hsCRP levels. Trop Doct 2021; 52:84-89. [PMID: 34482785 DOI: 10.1177/00494755211042127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Our was an observational follow-up study where the aim was to assess the baseline high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels in 50 smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients in association with socio-clinico-radiological profile and microbiological conversion. Smear and culture conversion of sputum samples at the end of intensive phase of anti-tubercular treatment were recorded. Baseline serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein estimation was done by ELISA. Mean high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels at baseline, smear/culture converted and delayed converters were 68.1 ± 22.2 mg/l, 66.7 ± 22.0 mg/l and 91.6 ± 6.7 mg/l, respectively; high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels were significantly higher in delayed converters as compared to sputum converters. Significantly higher baseline high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels were seen in patients with bilateral chest X-ray lesions, cavitations, evening rise of temperature, haemoptysis and dyspnoea as compared to those without these features. high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, being a non-specific inflammatory marker could be an adjunct tool for TB prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Krishna Singha
- Post Graduate Student, Department of Microbiology, University College of Medical Sciences and Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Bineeta Kashyap
- Professor, Department of Microbiology, University College of Medical Sciences and Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Rajnish Avasthi
- Professor and Head, Department of Medicine, University College of Medical Sciences and Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Puneeta Hyanki
- CMO I/C, DOTS Center, University College of Medical Sciences and Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - N P Singh
- Director Professor and Head, Department of Microbiology, University College of Medical Sciences and Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, New Delhi, India
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22
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Kaushal D, Kalra N, Khatri A, Tyagi R, Singh NP, Aggarwal A, Saha R. Oral health status and microbial load of Streptococcus mutans in children with Cerebral palsy in a tertiary care hospital in Delhi. J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent 2021; 39:214-220. [PMID: 34341244 DOI: 10.4103/jisppd.jisppd_194_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cerebral palsy (CP) is a childhood debilitating condition which impairs the physical and mental ability of an individual to maintain oral health. AIM The objective of the present study was assessment of dental neglect and burden of treatment needs of children affected with CP as compared to normal children in a tertiary care hospital in Delhi. SETTINGS AND DESIGN A sample size of 104 children of age group of 6-14 years was selected, in which 52 children of CP (case group) and 52 normal school children (control group) were recruited. MATERIALS AND METHODS Children from both groups were examined, and calculation of drug master files (DMFS), defs, oral hygiene index (OHI), and gingival index was done. The presence of trauma and malocclusion was assessed. Present caries activity was assessed by the level of Streptococcus mutans present in saliva in both groups. Treatment needs were then assessed based on intraoral findings. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS Data were analyzed by SPSS 20.0 software. Student's t-test and nonparametric statistical tests such as Chi-square test and Mann-Whitney test were used as per the nature of variables studied for statistical analysis with the level of significance denoted at P < 0.05. RESULTS The mean DMFS, gingival index, OHI, and treatment needs were observed to be higher in the CP group. Increased S. mutans levels were observed in saliva of CP patients. Defs score, trauma, and malocclusion were not statistically significantly higher in CP group as compared to the control group. CONCLUSION Cerebral palsy group had a poor oral and gingival health, a higher DMFT and burden of treatment needs and an increased risk of further caries progression due to high caries activity indicated by increased level of salivary Streptococcus mutans than the control group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Drishti Kaushal
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, UCMS and GTB Hospital Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Namita Kalra
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, UCMS and GTB Hospital Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Amit Khatri
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, UCMS and GTB Hospital Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Rishi Tyagi
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, UCMS and GTB Hospital Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - N P Singh
- Microbiology, UCMS (University of Delhi) and GTB Hospital, Delhi, India
| | - Anju Aggarwal
- Paediatrics, UCMS (University of Delhi) and GTB Hospital, Delhi, India
| | - Rumpa Saha
- Microbiology, UCMS (University of Delhi) and GTB Hospital, Delhi, India
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23
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Bharadwaj C, Tripathi S, Soren KR, Thudi M, Singh RK, Sheoran S, Roorkiwal M, Patil BS, Chitikineni A, Palakurthi R, Vemula A, Rathore A, Kumar Y, Chaturvedi SK, Mondal B, Shanmugavadivel PS, Srivastava AK, Dixit GP, Singh NP, Varshney RK. Introgression of "QTL-hotspot" region enhances drought tolerance and grain yield in three elite chickpea cultivars. Plant Genome 2021; 14:e20076. [PMID: 33480153 DOI: 10.1002/tpg2.20076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
With an aim of enhancing drought tolerance using a marker-assisted backcrossing (MABC) approach, we introgressed the "QTL-hotspot" region from ICC 4958 accession that harbors quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for several drought-tolerance related traits into three elite Indian chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) cultivars: Pusa 372, Pusa 362, and DCP 92-3. Of eight simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers in the QTL-hotspot region, two to three polymorphic markers were used for foreground selection with respective cross-combinations. A total of 47, 53, and 46 SSRs were used for background selection in case of introgression lines (ILs) developed in genetic backgrounds of Pusa 372, Pusa 362, and DCP 92-3, respectively. In total, 61 ILs (20 BC3 F3 in Pusa 372; 20 BC2 F3 in Pusa 362, and 21 BC3 F3 in DCP 92-3), with >90% recurrent parent genome recovery were developed. Six improved lines in different genetic backgrounds (e.g. BGM 10216 in Pusa 372; BG 3097 and BG 4005 in Pusa 362; IPC(L4-14), IPC(L4-16), and IPC(L19-1) in DCP 92-3) showed better performance than their respective recurrent parents. BGM 10216, with 16% yield gain over Pusa 372, has been released as Pusa Chickpea 10216 by the Central Sub-Committees on Crop Standards, Notification and Release of Varieties of Agricultural Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare, Government of India, for commercial cultivation in India. In summary, this study reports introgression of the QTL-hotspot for enhancing yield under rainfed conditions, development of several introgression lines, and release of Pusa Chickpea 10216 developed through molecular breeding in India.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chellapilla Bharadwaj
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute (ICAR-IARI), New Delhi, Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Shailesh Tripathi
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute (ICAR-IARI), New Delhi, Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Khela R Soren
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research (ICAR-IIPR), Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, 208024, India
| | - Mahendar Thudi
- Center of Excellence in Genomics & Systems Biology, International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru, Telangana, 502324, India
| | - Rajesh K Singh
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute (ICAR-IARI), New Delhi, Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Seema Sheoran
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute (ICAR-IARI), New Delhi, Delhi, 110012, India
- Present address: ICAR-Indian Institute of Maize Research (ICAR-IIMR), PAU campus, Ludhiana, Punjab, 141004, India
| | - Manish Roorkiwal
- Center of Excellence in Genomics & Systems Biology, International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru, Telangana, 502324, India
| | | | - Annapurna Chitikineni
- Center of Excellence in Genomics & Systems Biology, International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru, Telangana, 502324, India
| | - Ramesh Palakurthi
- Center of Excellence in Genomics & Systems Biology, International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru, Telangana, 502324, India
| | - Anilkumar Vemula
- Center of Excellence in Genomics & Systems Biology, International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru, Telangana, 502324, India
| | - Abhishek Rathore
- Center of Excellence in Genomics & Systems Biology, International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru, Telangana, 502324, India
| | - Yogesh Kumar
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research (ICAR-IIPR), Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, 208024, India
| | - Sushil K Chaturvedi
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research (ICAR-IIPR), Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, 208024, India
- Present address: Rani Lakshmi Bai Central Agricultural University, Jhansi, Uttar Pradesh, 284003, India
| | - Biswajit Mondal
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research (ICAR-IIPR), Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, 208024, India
| | | | - Avinash K Srivastava
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research (ICAR-IIPR), Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, 208024, India
| | - Girish P Dixit
- ICAR-All India Coordinated Research Project on Chickpea (AICRP-Chickpea), ICAR-IIPR, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Narendra P Singh
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research (ICAR-IIPR), Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, 208024, India
| | - Rajeev K Varshney
- Center of Excellence in Genomics & Systems Biology, International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru, Telangana, 502324, India
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24
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Bohra A, Rathore A, Gandham P, Saxena RK, Satheesh Naik SJ, Dutta D, Singh IP, Singh F, Rathore M, Varshney RK, Singh NP. Genome-wide comparative transcriptome analysis of the A4-CMS line ICPA 2043 and its maintainer ICPB 2043 during the floral bud development of pigeonpea. Funct Integr Genomics 2021; 21:251-263. [PMID: 33635500 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-021-00775-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) offers a unique system to understand cytoplasmic nuclear crosstalk, and is also employed for exploitation of hybrid vigor in various crops. Pigeonpea A4-CMS, a predominant source of male sterility, is being used for efficient hybrid seed production. The molecular mechanisms of CMS trait remain poorly studied in pigeonpea. We performed genome-wide transcriptome profiling of A4-CMS line ICPA 2043 and its isogenic maintainer ICPB 2043 at two different stages of floral bud development (stage S1 and stage S2). Consistent with the evidences from some other crops, we also observed significant difference in the expression levels of genes in the later stage, i.e., stage S2. Differential expression was observed for 143 and 55 genes within the two stages of ICPA 2043 and ICPB 2043, respectively. We obtained only 10 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the stage S1 of the two genotypes, whereas expression change was significant for 582 genes in the case of stage S2. The qRT-PCR assay of randomly selected six genes supported the differential expression of genes between ICPA 2043 and ICPB 2043. Further, GO and KEGG pathway mapping suggested a possible compromise in key bioprocesses during flower and pollen development. Besides providing novel insights into the functional genomics of CMS trait, our results were in strong agreement with the gene expression atlas of pigeonpea that implicated various candidate genes like sucrose-proton symporter 2 and an uncharacterized protein along with pectate lyase, pectinesterase inhibitors, L-ascorbate oxidase homolog, ATPase, β-galactosidase, polygalacturonase, and aldose 1-epimerase for pollen development of pigeonpea. The dataset presented here provides a rich genomic resource to improve understanding of CMS trait and its deployment in heterosis breeding in pigeonpea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Bohra
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research (ICAR-IIPR), Kanpur, 208024, India.
| | - Abhishek Rathore
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, 502324, India
| | - Prasad Gandham
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, 502324, India
| | - Rachit K Saxena
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, 502324, India
| | - S J Satheesh Naik
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research (ICAR-IIPR), Kanpur, 208024, India
| | - Dibendu Dutta
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research (ICAR-IIPR), Kanpur, 208024, India
| | - Indra P Singh
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research (ICAR-IIPR), Kanpur, 208024, India
| | - Farindra Singh
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research (ICAR-IIPR), Kanpur, 208024, India
| | - Meenal Rathore
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research (ICAR-IIPR), Kanpur, 208024, India
| | - Rajeev K Varshney
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, 502324, India
| | - Narendra P Singh
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research (ICAR-IIPR), Kanpur, 208024, India
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25
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Bohra A, Gandham P, Rathore A, Thakur V, Saxena RK, Naik SJS, Varshney RK, Singh NP. Identification of microRNAs and their gene targets in cytoplasmic male sterile and fertile maintainer lines of pigeonpea. Planta 2021; 253:59. [PMID: 33538916 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-021-03568-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Comparative analysis of genome-wide miRNAs and their gene targets between cytoplasmic male sterile (CMS) and fertile lines of pigeonpea suggests a possible role of miRNA-regulated pathways in reproductive development. Exploitation of hybrid vigor using CMS technology has delivered nearly 50% yield gain in pigeonpea. Among various sterility-inducing cytoplasms (A1-A9) reported so far in pigeonpea, A2 and A4 are the two major sources that facilitate hybrid seed production. Recent evidence suggests involvement of micro RNA in vast array of biological processes including plant reproductive development. In pigeonpea, information about the miRNAs is insufficient. In view of this, we sequenced six small RNA libraries of CMS line UPAS 120A and isogenic fertile line UPAS 120B using Illumina technology. Results revealed 316 miRNAs including 248 known and 68 novel types. A total of 637 gene targets were predicted for known miRNAs, while 324 genes were associated with novel miRNAs. Degradome analysis revealed 77 gene targets of predicted miRNAs, which included a variety of transcription factors playing key roles in plant reproduction such as F-box family proteins, apetala 2, auxin response factors, ethylene-responsive factors, homeodomain-leucine zipper proteins etc. Differential expression of both known and novel miRNAs implied roles for both conserved as well as species-specific players. We also obtained several miRNA families such as miR156, miR159, miR167 that are known to influence crucial aspects of plant fertility. Gene ontology and pathway level analyses of the target genes showed their possible implications for crucial events during male reproductive development such as tapetal degeneration, pollen wall formation, retrograde signaling etc. To the best of our knowledge, present study is first to combine deep sequencing of small RNA and degradome for elucidating the role of miRNAs in flower and male reproductive development in pigeonpea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Bohra
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research (IIPR), Kanpur, India.
| | - Prasad Gandham
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, India
| | - Abhishek Rathore
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, India
| | - Vivek Thakur
- Hyderabad Central University (HCU), Hyderabad, India
| | - Rachit K Saxena
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, India
| | | | - Rajeev K Varshney
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, India
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26
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Lamichaney A, Parihar AK, Hazra KK, Dixit GP, Katiyar PK, Singh D, Singh AK, Kumar N, Singh NP. Untangling the Influence of Heat Stress on Crop Phenology, Seed Set, Seed Weight, and Germination in Field Pea ( Pisum sativum L.). Front Plant Sci 2021; 12:635868. [PMID: 33854520 PMCID: PMC8040956 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.635868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The apparent climatic extremes affect the growth and developmental process of cool-season grain legumes, especially the high-temperature stress. The present study aimed to investigate the impacts of high-temperature stress on crop phenology, seed set, and seed quality parameters, which are still uncertain in tropical environments. Therefore, a panel of 150 field pea genotypes, grouped as early (n = 88) and late (n = 62) maturing, were exposed to high-temperature environments following staggered sowing [normal sowing time or non-heat stress environment (NHSE); moderately late sowing (15 days after normal sowing) or heat stress environment-I (HSE-I); and very-late sowing (30 days after normal sowing) or HSE-II]. The average maximum temperature during flowering was about 22.5 ± 0.17°C for NHSE and increased to 25.9 ± 0.11°C and 30.6 ± 0.19°C in HSE-I and HSE-II, respectively. The average maximum temperature during the reproductive period (RP) (flowering to maturity) was in the order HSE-II (33.3 ± 0.03°C) > HSE-I (30.5 ± 0.10°C) > NHSE (27.3 ± 0.10°C). The high-temperature stress reduced the seed yield (24-60%) and seed germination (4-8%) with a prominent effect on long-duration genotypes. The maximum reduction in seed germination (>15%) was observed in HSE-II for genotypes with >115 days maturity duration, which was primarily attributed to higher ambient maximum temperature during the RP. Under HSEs, the reduction in the RP in early- and late-maturing genotypes was 13-23 and 18-33%, suggesting forced maturity for long-duration genotypes under late-sown conditions. The cumulative growing degree days at different crop stages had significant associations (p < 0.001) with seed germination in both early- and late-maturing genotypes; and the results further demonstrate that an extended vegetative period could enhance the 100-seed weight and seed germination. Reduction in seed set (7-14%) and 100-seed weight (6-16%) was observed under HSEs, particularly in HSE-II. The positive associations of 100-seed weight were observed with seed germination and germination rate in the late-maturing genotypes, whereas in early-maturing genotypes, a negative association was observed for 100-seed weight and germination rate. The GGE biplot analysis identified IPFD 11-5, Pant P-72, P-1544-1, and HUDP 11 as superior genotypes, as they possess an ability to produce more viable seeds under heat stress conditions. Such genotypes will be useful in developing field pea varieties for quality seed production under the high-temperature environments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ashok K. Parihar
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Kanpur, India
- *Correspondence: Ashok K. Parihar,
| | - Kali K. Hazra
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Kanpur, India
- Kali K. Hazra,
| | | | | | - Deepak Singh
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Anil K. Singh
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Kanpur, India
| | - Nitin Kumar
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Kanpur, India
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27
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Kashyap B, Jhamb R, Saha R, Prasad P, Singh NP. Feasibility of direct observation and consumption method for hand hygiene compliance in an intensive care unit of a Tertiary Care Hospital. Indian J Med Spec 2021. [DOI: 10.4103/injms.injms_165_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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28
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Jha UC, Nayyar H, Palakurthi R, Jha R, Valluri V, Bajaj P, Chitikineni A, Singh NP, Varshney RK, Thudi M. Major QTLs and Potential Candidate Genes for Heat Stress Tolerance Identified in Chickpea ( Cicer arietinum L.). Front Plant Sci 2021; 12:655103. [PMID: 34381469 PMCID: PMC8350164 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.655103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
In the context of climate change, heat stress during the reproductive stages of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) leads to significant yield losses. In order to identify the genomic regions responsible for heat stress tolerance, a recombinant inbred line population derived from DCP 92-3 (heat sensitive) and ICCV 92944 (heat tolerant) was genotyped using the genotyping-by-sequencing approach and evaluated for two consecutive years (2017 and 2018) under normal and late sown or heat stress environments. A high-density genetic map comprising 788 single-nucleotide polymorphism markers spanning 1,125 cM was constructed. Using composite interval mapping, a total of 77 QTLs (37 major and 40 minor) were identified for 12 of 13 traits. A genomic region on CaLG07 harbors quantitative trait loci (QTLs) explaining >30% phenotypic variation for days to pod initiation, 100 seed weight, and for nitrogen balance index explaining >10% PVE. In addition, we also reported for the first time major QTLs for proxy traits (physiological traits such as chlorophyll content, nitrogen balance index, normalized difference vegetative index, and cell membrane stability). Furthermore, 32 candidate genes in the QTL regions that encode the heat shock protein genes, heat shock transcription factors, are involved in flowering time regulation as well as pollen-specific genes. The major QTLs reported in this study, after validation, may be useful in molecular breeding for developing heat-tolerant superior lines or varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uday Chand Jha
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-Indian Institute of Pulses Research (IIPR), Kanpur, India
| | - Harsh Nayyar
- Department of Botany, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Ramesh Palakurthi
- Center of Excellence in Genomics and Systems Biology (CEGSB), International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, India
| | - Rintu Jha
- Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science (CAAS), Beijing, China
| | - Vinod Valluri
- Center of Excellence in Genomics and Systems Biology (CEGSB), International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, India
| | - Prasad Bajaj
- Center of Excellence in Genomics and Systems Biology (CEGSB), International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, India
| | - Annapurna Chitikineni
- Center of Excellence in Genomics and Systems Biology (CEGSB), International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, India
| | - Narendra P. Singh
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-Indian Institute of Pulses Research (IIPR), Kanpur, India
| | - Rajeev K. Varshney
- Center of Excellence in Genomics and Systems Biology (CEGSB), International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, India
- State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre, Centre for Crop and Food Innovation, Food Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, Australia
| | - Mahendar Thudi
- Center of Excellence in Genomics and Systems Biology (CEGSB), International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, India
- University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD, Australia
- *Correspondence: Mahendar Thudi
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Kumar G, Singh NP. Synthesis, anti-inflammatory and analgesic evaluation of thiazole/oxazole substituted benzothiazole derivatives. Bioorg Chem 2020; 107:104608. [PMID: 33465668 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.104608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Non-Steroidal biologically active heterocyclic compounds 4-(2-(4-chlorophenyl) benzo[d]thiazol-3(2H)-yl)-N-((3-substituted-2-hydrobenzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)methylene) thiazol-2-amine (3a-3d), 4-(2-(4-chlorophenyl)benzo[d]thiazol-3(2H)-yl)-N-((3-substituted - 2-hydrobenzo [d]thiazol-2-yl)methylene)oxazol-2-amine (3a'-3d'), (Z)-N'-(4-(2-(4-chlorophenyl)benzo[d]thiazol-3(2H)-yl)thiaol-2-yl)-N-(4-substituted phenylimino)-3-substituted-2-hydrobenzo[d]thiazole-2-carboxamidine (4a-4 h) and (Z)-N'-(4-(2-(4-chlorophenyl)benzo[d]thiazol-3(2H)-yl)oxazol-2-yl)-N-(4-substituted phenylimino) - 3-substituted-2-hydrobenzo[d]thiazole-2-carboxamidine (4a'-4h') were synthesized starting from 2-chloro-1-(2-(4-chlorophenyl)benzo[d]thiazol-3(2H)-yl) ethanone (1). The structure configuration of newly synthesized compounds has been determined by elemental analysis and various spectroscopic (IR, 1HNMR and GCMS) techniques. These compounds were tested for their anti-inflammation, analgesic, ulcerogenic, acute toxicity and free radical scavenging action and compared with reference drugs in albino rats. Compound 4-(2-(4-chlorophenyl)benzo[d]thiazol-3(2H)-yl)-N-((3-substituted-2-hydrobenzo [d]thiazol-2-yl)methylene)thiazol-2-amine (3c) was the most active compound than reference drug at a dose of 50 mg/kg p.o.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gajendra Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Krishna College, Bijnor 246701, UP, India.
| | - N P Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur 273009, UP, India
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Mohammed A, Alghetaa H, Sultan M, Singh NP, Nagarkatti P, Nagarkatti M. Administration of Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) Post-Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B Exposure Protects Mice From Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome and Toxicity. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:893. [PMID: 32612530 PMCID: PMC7308536 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) is a life-threatening complication that can ensue following Staphylococcus aureus infection. The enterotoxin produced by these bacteria (SEB) acts as a superantigen thereby activating a large proportion of T cells leading to cytokine storm and severe lung injury. Δ9Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), a psychoactive ingredient found in Cannabis sativa, has been shown to act as a potent anti-inflammatory agent. In the current study, we investigated the effect of THC treatment on SEB-induced ARDS in mice. While exposure to SEB resulted in acute mortality, treatment with THC led to 100% survival of mice. THC treatment significantly suppressed the inflammatory cytokines, IFN-γ and TNF-α. Additionally, THC elevated the induction of regulatory T cells (Tregs) and their associated cytokines, IL-10 and TGF-β. Moreover, THC caused induction of Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells (MDSCs). THC acted through CB2 receptor as pharmacological inhibitor of CB2 receptors blocked the anti-inflammatory effects. THC-treated mice showed significant alterations in the expression of miRNA (miRs) in the lung-infiltrated mononuclear cells (MNCs). Specifically, THC caused downregulation of let7a-5p which targeted SOCS1 and downregulation of miR-34-5p which caused increased expression of FoxP3, NOS1, and CSF1R. Together, these data suggested that THC-mediated alterations in miR expression in the lungs may play a critical role in the induction of immunosuppressive Tregs and MDSCs as well as suppression of cytokine storm leading to attenuation of SEB-mediated lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Mitzi Nagarkatti
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
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Roorkiwal M, Bharadwaj C, Barmukh R, Dixit GP, Thudi M, Gaur PM, Chaturvedi SK, Fikre A, Hamwieh A, Kumar S, Sachdeva S, Ojiewo CO, Tar'an B, Wordofa NG, Singh NP, Siddique KHM, Varshney RK. Integrating genomics for chickpea improvement: achievements and opportunities. Theor Appl Genet 2020; 133:1703-1720. [PMID: 32253478 PMCID: PMC7214385 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-020-03584-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Integration of genomic technologies with breeding efforts have been used in recent years for chickpea improvement. Modern breeding along with low cost genotyping platforms have potential to further accelerate chickpea improvement efforts. The implementation of novel breeding technologies is expected to contribute substantial improvements in crop productivity. While conventional breeding methods have led to development of more than 200 improved chickpea varieties in the past, still there is ample scope to increase productivity. It is predicted that integration of modern genomic resources with conventional breeding efforts will help in the delivery of climate-resilient chickpea varieties in comparatively less time. Recent advances in genomics tools and technologies have facilitated the generation of large-scale sequencing and genotyping data sets in chickpea. Combined analysis of high-resolution phenotypic and genetic data is paving the way for identifying genes and biological pathways associated with breeding-related traits. Genomics technologies have been used to develop diagnostic markers for use in marker-assisted backcrossing programmes, which have yielded several molecular breeding products in chickpea. We anticipate that a sequence-based holistic breeding approach, including the integration of functional omics, parental selection, forward breeding and genome-wide selection, will bring a paradigm shift in development of superior chickpea varieties. There is a need to integrate the knowledge generated by modern genomics technologies with molecular breeding efforts to bridge the genome-to-phenome gap. Here, we review recent advances that have led to new possibilities for developing and screening breeding populations, and provide strategies for enhancing the selection efficiency and accelerating the rate of genetic gain in chickpea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manish Roorkiwal
- Center of Excellence in Genomics and Systems Biology, International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, India.
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia.
| | | | - Rutwik Barmukh
- Center of Excellence in Genomics and Systems Biology, International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, India
- Department of Genetics, Osmania University, Hyderabad, India
| | - Girish P Dixit
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research (IIPR), Kanpur, India
| | - Mahendar Thudi
- Center of Excellence in Genomics and Systems Biology, International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, India
| | - Pooran M Gaur
- Center of Excellence in Genomics and Systems Biology, International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, India
| | | | - Asnake Fikre
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Aladdin Hamwieh
- International Center for Agriculture Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Shiv Kumar
- International Center for Agriculture Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), Rabat, Morocco
| | - Supriya Sachdeva
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), Delhi, India
| | - Chris O Ojiewo
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Bunyamin Tar'an
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | | | | | - Kadambot H M Siddique
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Rajeev K Varshney
- Center of Excellence in Genomics and Systems Biology, International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, India.
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia.
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32
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Serianni G, Toigo V, Bigi M, Boldrin M, Chitarin G, Dal Bello S, Grando L, Luchetta A, Marcuzzi D, Pasqualotto R, Pomaro N, Zaccaria P, Zanotto L, Agostinetti P, Agostini M, Antoni V, Aprile D, Barbisan M, Battistella M, Brombin M, Canton A, Cavazzana R, Dalla Palma M, Dan M, Delogu R, De Lorenzi A, De Muri M, Denizeau S, Fadone M, Fellin F, Ferro A, Gaio E, Gambetta G, Gasparini F, Gnesotto F, Jain P, Maistrello A, Manduchi G, Manfrin S, Marchiori G, Marconato N, Moresco M, Patton T, Pavei M, Peruzzo S, Pilan N, Pimazzoni A, Piovan R, Poggi C, Recchia M, Rigoni A, Rizzolo A, Rostagni G, Sartori E, Siragusa M, Sonato P, Spada E, Spagnolo S, Spolaore M, Taliercio C, Tinti P, Ugoletti M, Valente M, Zamengo A, Zaniol B, Zaupa M, Cavenago M, Boilson D, Rotti C, Veltri P, Chareyre J, Decamps H, Dremel M, Graceffa J, Geli F, Schunke B, Svensson L, Urbani M, Bonicelli T, Agarici G, Garbuglia A, Masiello A, Paolucci F, Simon M, Bailly-Maitre L, Bragulat E, Gomez G, Gutierrez D, Labate C, Mico G, Moreno JF, Pilard V, Kouzmenko G, Rousseau A, Chakraborty A, Baruah U, Patel H, Singh NP, Patel A, Dhola H, Raval B, Cristofaro S, Fantz U, Heinemann B, Kraus W, Kashiwagi M, Tobari H. First operation in SPIDER and the path to complete MITICA. Rev Sci Instrum 2020; 91:023510. [PMID: 32113382 DOI: 10.1063/1.5133076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The requirements of ITER neutral beam injectors (1 MeV, 40 A negative deuterium ion current for 1 h) have never been simultaneously attained; therefore, a dedicated Neutral Beam Test Facility (NBTF) was set up at Consorzio RFX (Padova, Italy). The NBTF includes two experiments: SPIDER (Source for the Production of Ions of Deuterium Extracted from Rf plasma), the full-scale prototype of the source of ITER injectors, with a 100 keV accelerator, to investigate and optimize the properties of the ion source; and MITICA, the full-scale prototype of the entire injector, devoted to the issues related to the accelerator, including voltage holding at low gas pressure. The present paper gives an account of the status of the procurements, of the timeline, and of the voltage holding tests and experiments for MITICA. As for SPIDER, the first year of operation is described, regarding the solution of some issues connected with the radiofrequency power, the source operation, and the characterization of the first negative ion beam.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Serianni
- Consorzio RFX (CNR, ENEA, INFN, UNIPD, Acciaierie Venete SpA), Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127 Padova, Italy
| | - V Toigo
- Consorzio RFX (CNR, ENEA, INFN, UNIPD, Acciaierie Venete SpA), Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127 Padova, Italy
| | - M Bigi
- Consorzio RFX (CNR, ENEA, INFN, UNIPD, Acciaierie Venete SpA), Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127 Padova, Italy
| | - M Boldrin
- Consorzio RFX (CNR, ENEA, INFN, UNIPD, Acciaierie Venete SpA), Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127 Padova, Italy
| | - G Chitarin
- Consorzio RFX (CNR, ENEA, INFN, UNIPD, Acciaierie Venete SpA), Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127 Padova, Italy
| | - S Dal Bello
- Consorzio RFX (CNR, ENEA, INFN, UNIPD, Acciaierie Venete SpA), Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127 Padova, Italy
| | - L Grando
- Consorzio RFX (CNR, ENEA, INFN, UNIPD, Acciaierie Venete SpA), Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127 Padova, Italy
| | - A Luchetta
- Consorzio RFX (CNR, ENEA, INFN, UNIPD, Acciaierie Venete SpA), Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127 Padova, Italy
| | - D Marcuzzi
- Consorzio RFX (CNR, ENEA, INFN, UNIPD, Acciaierie Venete SpA), Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127 Padova, Italy
| | - R Pasqualotto
- Consorzio RFX (CNR, ENEA, INFN, UNIPD, Acciaierie Venete SpA), Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127 Padova, Italy
| | - N Pomaro
- Consorzio RFX (CNR, ENEA, INFN, UNIPD, Acciaierie Venete SpA), Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127 Padova, Italy
| | - P Zaccaria
- Consorzio RFX (CNR, ENEA, INFN, UNIPD, Acciaierie Venete SpA), Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127 Padova, Italy
| | - L Zanotto
- Consorzio RFX (CNR, ENEA, INFN, UNIPD, Acciaierie Venete SpA), Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127 Padova, Italy
| | - P Agostinetti
- Consorzio RFX (CNR, ENEA, INFN, UNIPD, Acciaierie Venete SpA), Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127 Padova, Italy
| | - M Agostini
- Consorzio RFX (CNR, ENEA, INFN, UNIPD, Acciaierie Venete SpA), Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127 Padova, Italy
| | - V Antoni
- Consorzio RFX (CNR, ENEA, INFN, UNIPD, Acciaierie Venete SpA), Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127 Padova, Italy
| | - D Aprile
- Consorzio RFX (CNR, ENEA, INFN, UNIPD, Acciaierie Venete SpA), Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127 Padova, Italy
| | - M Barbisan
- Consorzio RFX (CNR, ENEA, INFN, UNIPD, Acciaierie Venete SpA), Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127 Padova, Italy
| | - M Battistella
- Consorzio RFX (CNR, ENEA, INFN, UNIPD, Acciaierie Venete SpA), Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127 Padova, Italy
| | - M Brombin
- Consorzio RFX (CNR, ENEA, INFN, UNIPD, Acciaierie Venete SpA), Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127 Padova, Italy
| | - A Canton
- Consorzio RFX (CNR, ENEA, INFN, UNIPD, Acciaierie Venete SpA), Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127 Padova, Italy
| | - R Cavazzana
- Consorzio RFX (CNR, ENEA, INFN, UNIPD, Acciaierie Venete SpA), Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127 Padova, Italy
| | - M Dalla Palma
- Consorzio RFX (CNR, ENEA, INFN, UNIPD, Acciaierie Venete SpA), Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127 Padova, Italy
| | - M Dan
- Consorzio RFX (CNR, ENEA, INFN, UNIPD, Acciaierie Venete SpA), Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127 Padova, Italy
| | - R Delogu
- Consorzio RFX (CNR, ENEA, INFN, UNIPD, Acciaierie Venete SpA), Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127 Padova, Italy
| | - A De Lorenzi
- Consorzio RFX (CNR, ENEA, INFN, UNIPD, Acciaierie Venete SpA), Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127 Padova, Italy
| | - M De Muri
- Consorzio RFX (CNR, ENEA, INFN, UNIPD, Acciaierie Venete SpA), Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127 Padova, Italy
| | - S Denizeau
- Consorzio RFX (CNR, ENEA, INFN, UNIPD, Acciaierie Venete SpA), Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127 Padova, Italy
| | - M Fadone
- Consorzio RFX (CNR, ENEA, INFN, UNIPD, Acciaierie Venete SpA), Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127 Padova, Italy
| | - F Fellin
- Consorzio RFX (CNR, ENEA, INFN, UNIPD, Acciaierie Venete SpA), Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127 Padova, Italy
| | - A Ferro
- Consorzio RFX (CNR, ENEA, INFN, UNIPD, Acciaierie Venete SpA), Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127 Padova, Italy
| | - E Gaio
- Consorzio RFX (CNR, ENEA, INFN, UNIPD, Acciaierie Venete SpA), Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127 Padova, Italy
| | - G Gambetta
- Consorzio RFX (CNR, ENEA, INFN, UNIPD, Acciaierie Venete SpA), Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127 Padova, Italy
| | - F Gasparini
- Consorzio RFX (CNR, ENEA, INFN, UNIPD, Acciaierie Venete SpA), Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127 Padova, Italy
| | - F Gnesotto
- Consorzio RFX (CNR, ENEA, INFN, UNIPD, Acciaierie Venete SpA), Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127 Padova, Italy
| | - P Jain
- Consorzio RFX (CNR, ENEA, INFN, UNIPD, Acciaierie Venete SpA), Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127 Padova, Italy
| | - A Maistrello
- Consorzio RFX (CNR, ENEA, INFN, UNIPD, Acciaierie Venete SpA), Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127 Padova, Italy
| | - G Manduchi
- Consorzio RFX (CNR, ENEA, INFN, UNIPD, Acciaierie Venete SpA), Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127 Padova, Italy
| | - S Manfrin
- Consorzio RFX (CNR, ENEA, INFN, UNIPD, Acciaierie Venete SpA), Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127 Padova, Italy
| | - G Marchiori
- Consorzio RFX (CNR, ENEA, INFN, UNIPD, Acciaierie Venete SpA), Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127 Padova, Italy
| | - N Marconato
- Consorzio RFX (CNR, ENEA, INFN, UNIPD, Acciaierie Venete SpA), Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127 Padova, Italy
| | - M Moresco
- Consorzio RFX (CNR, ENEA, INFN, UNIPD, Acciaierie Venete SpA), Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127 Padova, Italy
| | - T Patton
- Consorzio RFX (CNR, ENEA, INFN, UNIPD, Acciaierie Venete SpA), Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127 Padova, Italy
| | - M Pavei
- Consorzio RFX (CNR, ENEA, INFN, UNIPD, Acciaierie Venete SpA), Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127 Padova, Italy
| | - S Peruzzo
- Consorzio RFX (CNR, ENEA, INFN, UNIPD, Acciaierie Venete SpA), Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127 Padova, Italy
| | - N Pilan
- Consorzio RFX (CNR, ENEA, INFN, UNIPD, Acciaierie Venete SpA), Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127 Padova, Italy
| | - A Pimazzoni
- Consorzio RFX (CNR, ENEA, INFN, UNIPD, Acciaierie Venete SpA), Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127 Padova, Italy
| | - R Piovan
- Consorzio RFX (CNR, ENEA, INFN, UNIPD, Acciaierie Venete SpA), Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127 Padova, Italy
| | - C Poggi
- Consorzio RFX (CNR, ENEA, INFN, UNIPD, Acciaierie Venete SpA), Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127 Padova, Italy
| | - M Recchia
- Consorzio RFX (CNR, ENEA, INFN, UNIPD, Acciaierie Venete SpA), Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127 Padova, Italy
| | - A Rigoni
- Consorzio RFX (CNR, ENEA, INFN, UNIPD, Acciaierie Venete SpA), Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127 Padova, Italy
| | - A Rizzolo
- Consorzio RFX (CNR, ENEA, INFN, UNIPD, Acciaierie Venete SpA), Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127 Padova, Italy
| | - G Rostagni
- Consorzio RFX (CNR, ENEA, INFN, UNIPD, Acciaierie Venete SpA), Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127 Padova, Italy
| | - E Sartori
- Consorzio RFX (CNR, ENEA, INFN, UNIPD, Acciaierie Venete SpA), Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127 Padova, Italy
| | - M Siragusa
- Consorzio RFX (CNR, ENEA, INFN, UNIPD, Acciaierie Venete SpA), Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127 Padova, Italy
| | - P Sonato
- Consorzio RFX (CNR, ENEA, INFN, UNIPD, Acciaierie Venete SpA), Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127 Padova, Italy
| | - E Spada
- Consorzio RFX (CNR, ENEA, INFN, UNIPD, Acciaierie Venete SpA), Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127 Padova, Italy
| | - S Spagnolo
- Consorzio RFX (CNR, ENEA, INFN, UNIPD, Acciaierie Venete SpA), Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127 Padova, Italy
| | - M Spolaore
- Consorzio RFX (CNR, ENEA, INFN, UNIPD, Acciaierie Venete SpA), Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127 Padova, Italy
| | - C Taliercio
- Consorzio RFX (CNR, ENEA, INFN, UNIPD, Acciaierie Venete SpA), Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127 Padova, Italy
| | - P Tinti
- Consorzio RFX (CNR, ENEA, INFN, UNIPD, Acciaierie Venete SpA), Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127 Padova, Italy
| | - M Ugoletti
- Consorzio RFX (CNR, ENEA, INFN, UNIPD, Acciaierie Venete SpA), Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127 Padova, Italy
| | - M Valente
- Consorzio RFX (CNR, ENEA, INFN, UNIPD, Acciaierie Venete SpA), Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127 Padova, Italy
| | - A Zamengo
- Consorzio RFX (CNR, ENEA, INFN, UNIPD, Acciaierie Venete SpA), Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127 Padova, Italy
| | - B Zaniol
- Consorzio RFX (CNR, ENEA, INFN, UNIPD, Acciaierie Venete SpA), Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127 Padova, Italy
| | - M Zaupa
- Consorzio RFX (CNR, ENEA, INFN, UNIPD, Acciaierie Venete SpA), Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127 Padova, Italy
| | - M Cavenago
- INFN-Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro (LNL), v.le dell'Università 2, I-35020 Legnaro, PD, Italy
| | - D Boilson
- ITER Organization, Route de Vinon-sur-Verdon, CS 90 046, F-13067 St. Paul-lez-Durance, France
| | - C Rotti
- ITER Organization, Route de Vinon-sur-Verdon, CS 90 046, F-13067 St. Paul-lez-Durance, France
| | - P Veltri
- ITER Organization, Route de Vinon-sur-Verdon, CS 90 046, F-13067 St. Paul-lez-Durance, France
| | - J Chareyre
- ITER Organization, Route de Vinon-sur-Verdon, CS 90 046, F-13067 St. Paul-lez-Durance, France
| | - H Decamps
- ITER Organization, Route de Vinon-sur-Verdon, CS 90 046, F-13067 St. Paul-lez-Durance, France
| | - M Dremel
- ITER Organization, Route de Vinon-sur-Verdon, CS 90 046, F-13067 St. Paul-lez-Durance, France
| | - J Graceffa
- ITER Organization, Route de Vinon-sur-Verdon, CS 90 046, F-13067 St. Paul-lez-Durance, France
| | - F Geli
- ITER Organization, Route de Vinon-sur-Verdon, CS 90 046, F-13067 St. Paul-lez-Durance, France
| | - B Schunke
- ITER Organization, Route de Vinon-sur-Verdon, CS 90 046, F-13067 St. Paul-lez-Durance, France
| | - L Svensson
- ITER Organization, Route de Vinon-sur-Verdon, CS 90 046, F-13067 St. Paul-lez-Durance, France
| | - M Urbani
- ITER Organization, Route de Vinon-sur-Verdon, CS 90 046, F-13067 St. Paul-lez-Durance, France
| | - T Bonicelli
- Fusion for Energy, C/o Josep Pla 2, E-08019 Barcelona, Spain
| | - G Agarici
- Fusion for Energy, C/o Josep Pla 2, E-08019 Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Garbuglia
- Fusion for Energy, C/o Josep Pla 2, E-08019 Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Masiello
- Fusion for Energy, C/o Josep Pla 2, E-08019 Barcelona, Spain
| | - F Paolucci
- Fusion for Energy, C/o Josep Pla 2, E-08019 Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Simon
- Fusion for Energy, C/o Josep Pla 2, E-08019 Barcelona, Spain
| | - L Bailly-Maitre
- Fusion for Energy, C/o Josep Pla 2, E-08019 Barcelona, Spain
| | - E Bragulat
- Fusion for Energy, C/o Josep Pla 2, E-08019 Barcelona, Spain
| | - G Gomez
- Fusion for Energy, C/o Josep Pla 2, E-08019 Barcelona, Spain
| | - D Gutierrez
- Fusion for Energy, C/o Josep Pla 2, E-08019 Barcelona, Spain
| | - C Labate
- Fusion for Energy, C/o Josep Pla 2, E-08019 Barcelona, Spain
| | - G Mico
- Fusion for Energy, C/o Josep Pla 2, E-08019 Barcelona, Spain
| | - J F Moreno
- Fusion for Energy, C/o Josep Pla 2, E-08019 Barcelona, Spain
| | - V Pilard
- Fusion for Energy, C/o Josep Pla 2, E-08019 Barcelona, Spain
| | - G Kouzmenko
- Fusion for Energy, C/o Josep Pla 2, E-08019 Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Rousseau
- Fusion for Energy, C/o Josep Pla 2, E-08019 Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Chakraborty
- ITER-India, Institute for Plasma Research, Nr. Indira Bridge, Bhat Village, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382428, India
| | - U Baruah
- ITER-India, Institute for Plasma Research, Nr. Indira Bridge, Bhat Village, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382428, India
| | - H Patel
- ITER-India, Institute for Plasma Research, Nr. Indira Bridge, Bhat Village, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382428, India
| | - N P Singh
- ITER-India, Institute for Plasma Research, Nr. Indira Bridge, Bhat Village, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382428, India
| | - A Patel
- ITER-India, Institute for Plasma Research, Nr. Indira Bridge, Bhat Village, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382428, India
| | - H Dhola
- ITER-India, Institute for Plasma Research, Nr. Indira Bridge, Bhat Village, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382428, India
| | - B Raval
- ITER-India, Institute for Plasma Research, Nr. Indira Bridge, Bhat Village, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382428, India
| | - S Cristofaro
- IPP, Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, Boltzmannstraße 2, D-85748 Garching bei München, Germany
| | - U Fantz
- IPP, Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, Boltzmannstraße 2, D-85748 Garching bei München, Germany
| | - B Heinemann
- IPP, Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, Boltzmannstraße 2, D-85748 Garching bei München, Germany
| | - W Kraus
- IPP, Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, Boltzmannstraße 2, D-85748 Garching bei München, Germany
| | - M Kashiwagi
- National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, 801-1 Mukoyama, Naka, Ibaraki-ken 311-0193, Japan
| | - H Tobari
- National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, 801-1 Mukoyama, Naka, Ibaraki-ken 311-0193, Japan
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Aggarwal S, Jena S, Panda S, Sharma S, Dhawan B, Nath G, Singh NP, Nayak KC, Singh DV. Antibiotic Susceptibility, Virulence Pattern, and Typing of Staphylococcus aureus Strains Isolated From Variety of Infections in India. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:2763. [PMID: 31866962 PMCID: PMC6904308 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.02763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus is one of the major causes of nosocomial infections. This organism produces powerful toxins and cause superficial lesions, systemic infections, and several toxemic syndromes. A total of 109 S. aureus strains isolated from a variety of infections like ocular diseases, wound infection, and sputum were included in the study. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined against 8 antimicrobials. PCR determined the presence of 16S rRNA, nuc, mecA, czrC, qacA/B, pvl, and toxin genes in S. aureus isolates. Pulse-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), multi-locus sequence typing (MLST), SCCmec, spa-, and agr-typing and serotyping determined the diversity among them. All isolates of S. aureus were resistant to two or more than two antibiotics and generated 32 resistance patterns. These isolates were positive for 16S rRNA and S. aureus-specific nuc gene, but showed variable results for mecA, czrC, and qacA/B and pvl genes. Of the 32 methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), 13 strains carried SCCmec type V, seven type IV, two type III, and nine carried unreported type UT6. Of the 109 strains, 98.2% were positive for hlg, 94.5% for hla, 86.2% for sei, 73.3% for efb, 70.6% for cna, 30.2% for sea, and 12.8% for sec genes. Serotypes VII and VI were prevalent among S. aureus strains. PFGE analysis grouped the 109 strains into 77 clusters. MLST classified the strains into 33 sequence types (ST) and eight clonal complexes (CCs) of which 12 were singletons, and two belong to new allelic profiles. Isolates showed 46 spa-types that included two new spa-types designated as t14911 and t14912. MRSA and methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) isolates were diverse in terms of antibiotic resistance pattern, toxin genotypes, SCCmec types, serotypes and PFGE, MLST, and spa-types. However, few isolates from eye infection and wound infection belong to CC239, ST239, and spa-type t037/t657. The study thus suggests that S. aureus strains are multidrug resistant, virulent, and diverse irrespective of sources and place of isolation. These findings necessitate the continuous surveillance of multidrug-resistant and virulent S. aureus and monitoring of the transmission of infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shifu Aggarwal
- Infectious Disease Biology, Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Smrutiti Jena
- Infectious Disease Biology, Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Sasmita Panda
- Infectious Disease Biology, Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Savitri Sharma
- Jhaveri Microbiology Centre, LV Prasad Eye Institute, Brien Holden Eye Research Centre, Kallam Anji Reddy Campus, Hyderabad, India
| | - Benu Dhawan
- Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Gopal Nath
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - N P Singh
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Durg Vijai Singh
- Infectious Disease Biology, Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India.,Department of Biotechnology, Central University of South Bihar, Gaya, India
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Jhanjhria S, Kashyap B, Gomber S, Gupta N, Hyanki P, Singh NP, Khanna A, Sharma AK. Phenotypic isoniazid resistance and associated mutations in pediatric tuberculosis. Indian J Tuberc 2019; 66:474-479. [PMID: 31813434 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijtb.2019.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Tuberculosis (TB) remains one of the most challenging global health problems as resistance to first-line antimycobacterial drugs continues to rise in many countries worldwide. Isoniazid-resistant TB without MDR-TB poses a serious threat to the management and control of TB across the world. The aim of this study was to investigate the extent of katG315 and inhA-15 mutations in Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains isolated from pediatric TB patients from a tertiary care hospital. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 51 pulmonary and extra pulmonary specimens were collected from clinically suspected pediatric TB cases, who were microbiologically confirmed. Resistance to INH was detected by 1% proportion method. katG315 and inhA-15 genes were amplified by PCR and detection of mutations in katG315 and inhA-15 genes was done by sequencing. RESULT A sample size of only 51 could be achieved due to short duration of the study. 36/51 (70.6%) culture isolates were obtained and put for drug susceptibility test, 5(13.89%) were resistant for isoniazid. M. tuberculosis DNA was found in fifty samples. Mutations in either katG315 or inhA-15 genes were found in 7/50 (14%) samples. Six of seven (85.7%) had mutation in katG315 gene and 1/7 (14.2%) had mutation in inhA-15 gene. CONCLUSION INH resistance not only reduces the probability of treatment success, but may also facilitate the spread of MDR-TB and reduce the effectiveness of INH preventive therapy (IPT) therefore quantification of the magnitude of INH resistant TB and variation in frequency of isoniazid resistance associated mutations is important.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sapna Jhanjhria
- Department of Microbiology, University College of Medical Sciences, Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, New Delhi, 110095, India
| | - Bineeta Kashyap
- Department of Microbiology, University College of Medical Sciences, Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, New Delhi, 110095, India.
| | - Sunil Gomber
- Department of Pediatrics, University College of Medical Sciences, Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, New Delhi, 110095, India
| | - Neha Gupta
- Department of Microbiology, University College of Medical Sciences, Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, New Delhi, 110095, India
| | - Puneeta Hyanki
- CMO I/C, DOTS Center, University College of Medical Sciences, Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, New Delhi, 110095, India
| | - N P Singh
- Department of Microbiology, University College of Medical Sciences, Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, New Delhi, 110095, India
| | | | - Arun K Sharma
- Department of Community Medicine, University College of Medical Sciences, Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, New Delhi, 110095, India
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Konda AK, Sabale PR, Soren KR, Subramaniam SP, Singh P, Rathod S, Chaturvedi SK, Singh NP. Systems Biology Approaches Reveal a Multi-stress Responsive WRKY Transcription Factor and Stress Associated Gene Co-expression Networks in Chickpea. Curr Bioinform 2019. [DOI: 10.2174/1574893614666190204152500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Chickpea is a nutritional rich premier pulse crop but its production encounters
setbacks due to various stresses and understanding of molecular mechanisms can be ascribed foremost importance.
Objective:
The investigation was carried out to identify the differentially expressed WRKY TFs in chickpea
in response to herbicide stress and decipher their interacting partners.
Methods:
For this purpose, transcriptome wide identification of WRKY TFs in chickpea was done. Behavior
of the differentially expressed TFs was compared between other stress conditions. Orthology based cofunctional
gene networks were derived from Arabidopsis. Gene ontology and functional enrichment analysis
was performed using Blast2GO and STRING software. Gene Coexpression Network (GCN) was constructed
in chickpea using publicly available transcriptome data. Expression pattern of the identified gene
network was studied in chickpea-Fusarium interactions.
Results:
A unique WRKY TF (Ca_08086) was found to be significantly (q value = 0.02) upregulated not
only under herbicide stress but also in other stresses. Co-functional network of 14 genes, namely
Ca_08086, Ca_19657, Ca_01317, Ca_20172, Ca_12226, Ca_15326, Ca_04218, Ca_07256, Ca_14620,
Ca_12474, Ca_11595, Ca_15291, Ca_11762 and Ca_03543 were identified. GCN revealed 95 hub genes
based on the significant probability scores. Functional annotation indicated role in callose deposition and
response to chitin. Interestingly, contrasting expression pattern of the 14 network genes was observed in
wilt resistant and susceptible chickpea genotypes, infected with Fusarium.
Conclusion:
This is the first report of identification of a multi-stress responsive WRKY TF and its associated
GCN in chickpea.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Khela R. Soren
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Kanpur, 208024, India
| | | | - Pallavi Singh
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Kanpur, 208024, India
| | - Santosh Rathod
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, New Delhi- 110012, India
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Neamah WH, Singh NP, Alghetaa H, Abdulla OA, Chatterjee S, Busbee PB, Nagarkatti M, Nagarkatti P. AhR Activation Leads to Massive Mobilization of Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells with Immunosuppressive Activity through Regulation of CXCR2 and MicroRNA miR-150-5p and miR-543-3p That Target Anti-Inflammatory Genes. J Immunol 2019; 203:1830-1844. [PMID: 31492743 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1900291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The compound 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), an environmental contaminant, is a potent ligand for aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR). In the current study, we made an exciting observation that naive C57BL/6 mice that were exposed i.p. to TCDD showed massive mobilization of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) in the peritoneal cavity. These MDSCs were highly immunosuppressive and attenuated Con A-induced hepatitis upon adoptive transfer. TCDD administration in naive mice also led to induction of several chemokines and cytokines in the peritoneal cavity and serum (CCL2, CCL3, CCL4, CCL11, CXCL1, CXCL2, CXCL5, CXCL9, G-CSF, GM-CSF, VEGF, and M-CSF) and chemokine receptors on MDSCs (CCR1, CCR5, and CXCR2). Treatment with CXCR2 or AhR antagonist in mice led to marked reduction in TCDD-induced MDSCs. TCDD-induced MDSCs had high mitochondrial respiration and glycolytic rate and exhibited differential microRNA (miRNA) expression profile. Specifically, there was significant downregulation of miR-150-5p and miR-543-3p. These two miRNAs targeted and enhanced anti-inflammatory and MDSC-regulatory genes, including IL-10, PIM1, ARG2, STAT3, CCL11 and its receptors CCR3 and CCR5 as well as CXCR2. The role of miRs in MDSC activation was confirmed by transfection studies. Together, the current study demonstrates that activation of AhR in naive mice triggers robust mobilization of MDSCs through induction of chemokines and their receptors and MDSC activation through regulation of miRNA expression. AhR ligands include diverse compounds from environmental toxicants, such as TCDD, that are carcinogenic to dietary indoles that are anti-inflammatory. Our studies provide new insights on how such ligands may regulate health and disease through induction of MDSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wurood Hantoosh Neamah
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208; and
| | - Narendra P Singh
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208; and
| | - Hasan Alghetaa
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208; and
| | - Osama A Abdulla
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208; and
| | - Saurabh Chatterjee
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208
| | - Philip B Busbee
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208; and
| | - Mitzi Nagarkatti
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208; and
| | - Prakash Nagarkatti
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208; and
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Sharma JK, Sihmar M, Santal AR, Singh NP. Impact assessment of major abiotic stresses on the proteome profiling of some important crop plants: a current update. Biotechnol Genet Eng Rev 2019; 35:126-160. [PMID: 31478455 DOI: 10.1080/02648725.2019.1657682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Abiotic stresses adversely affect the plant's growth and development leading to loss of crop plants and plant products in terms of both the quality and quantity. Two main strategies are adopted by plants to acclimatize to stresses; avoidance and tolerance. These adaptive strategies of plants at the cellular and metabolic level enable them to withstand such detrimental conditions. Acclimatization is associated with intensive changes in the proteome of plants and these changes are directly involved in plants response to stress. Proteome studies can be used to screen for these proteins and their involvement in plants response to various abiotic stresses evaluated. In this review, proteomic studies of different plants species under different abiotic stresses, particularly drought, salinity, heat, cold, and waterlogging, are discussed. From different proteomic studies, the stress response can be determined by an interaction between proteomic and physiological changes which occur in plants during such stress conditions. These identified proteins from different processes under different abiotic stress conditions definitely add to our understanding for exploiting them in various biotechnological applications in crop improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Monika Sihmar
- Centre for Biotechnology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, India
| | - Anita Rani Santal
- Department of Microbiology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, India
| | - N P Singh
- Centre for Biotechnology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, India
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Kashyap B, Goyal N, Hyanki P, Singh NP, Khanna A. Cartridge-based nucleic acid amplification test: a novel rapid diagnostic tool to study the burden of tuberculosis from a tertiary care hospital. Trop Doct 2019; 49:274-281. [PMID: 31291848 DOI: 10.1177/0049475519859958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Despite efforts to limit the morbidity and mortality from tuberculosis (TB), it continues to be an important cause of death. There is an urgent need for a diagnostic test that accurately and quickly diagnoses TB, especially if it is also a near-point-of-care test. The GeneXpert polymerase chain reaction test (known in India as CBNAAT [cartridge-based nucleic acid amplification test] and is capable of diagnosing TB and rifampicin resistance within 2 h) is a promising tool. The duration of our study was two years and was carried out in the DOTS centre of a tertiary care hospital in India. A total of 5449 samples were processed using CBNAAT. Of the total samples tested, 2068 were extra-pulmonary. The following information was collected: number of extra-pulmonary samples processed; number of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis)-positive samples; patterns of rifampicin sensitivity; number of people living with HIV (PLHIV); and number of children. Of the samples, 62.1% were from suspected pulmonary TB patients. Out of the total samples tested using CBNAAT, 21.8% were positive for M. tuberculosis. Rifampicin resistance was seen in 9.2%, 8.5% and 10.3% of the total, pulmonary and extra-pulmonary samples, respectively, in M. tuberculosis-positive samples. Overall, 36.9% samples were from the paediatric population and 5.7% belonged to PLHIV. Rifampicin resistance was seen in 8.8% and 8.3% of the M. tuberculosis-positive paediatric and PLHIV samples, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bineeta Kashyap
- Associate Professor, Department of Microbiology, University College of Medical Sciences & Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Nisha Goyal
- Senior Resident, Department of Microbiology, University College of Medical Sciences & Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Puneeta Hyanki
- Medical Officer Incharge, DOTS Center, Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - N P Singh
- Director Professor and Head, Department of Microbiology, University College of Medical Sciences & Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, New Delhi, India
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Chitrala KN, Yang X, Busbee B, Singh NP, Bonati L, Xing Y, Nagarkatti P, Nagarkatti M. Computational prediction and in vitro validation of VEGFR1 as a novel protein target for 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin. Sci Rep 2019; 9:6810. [PMID: 31048752 PMCID: PMC6497656 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-43232-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The toxic manifestations of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), an environmental contaminant, primarily depend on its ability to activate aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), which is a ligand-dependent transcription factor belonging to the superfamily of basic-helix-loop-helix DNA-binding proteins. In the present study, we aimed to identify novel protein receptor targets for TCDD using computational and in vitro validation experiments. Interestingly, results from computational methods predicted that Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor 1 (VEGFR1) could be one of the potential targets for TCDD in both mouse and humans. Results from molecular docking studies showed that human VEGFR1 (hVEGFR1) has less affinity towards TCDD compared to the mouse VEGFR1 (mVEGFR1). In vitro validation results showed that TCDD can bind and phosphorylate hVEGFR1. Further, results from molecular dynamic simulation studies showed that hVEGFR1 interaction with TCDD is stable throughout the simulation time. Overall, the present study has identified VEGFR1 as a novel target for TCDD, which provides the basis for further elucidating the role of TCDD in angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumaraswamy Naidu Chitrala
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
| | - Xiaoming Yang
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
| | - Brandon Busbee
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
| | - Narendra P Singh
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
| | - Laura Bonati
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Yongna Xing
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Prakash Nagarkatti
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
| | - Mitzi Nagarkatti
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA.
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Varshney RK, Thudi M, Roorkiwal M, He W, Upadhyaya HD, Yang W, Bajaj P, Cubry P, Rathore A, Jian J, Doddamani D, Khan AW, Garg V, Chitikineni A, Xu D, Gaur PM, Singh NP, Chaturvedi SK, Nadigatla GVPR, Krishnamurthy L, Dixit GP, Fikre A, Kimurto PK, Sreeman SM, Bharadwaj C, Tripathi S, Wang J, Lee SH, Edwards D, Polavarapu KKB, Penmetsa RV, Crossa J, Nguyen HT, Siddique KHM, Colmer TD, Sutton T, von Wettberg E, Vigouroux Y, Xu X, Liu X. Resequencing of 429 chickpea accessions from 45 countries provides insights into genome diversity, domestication and agronomic traits. Nat Genet 2019; 51:857-864. [DOI: 10.1038/s41588-019-0401-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Shidal C, Singh NP, Nagarkatti P, Nagarkatti M. MicroRNA-92 Expression in CD133 + Melanoma Stem Cells Regulates Immunosuppression in the Tumor Microenvironment via Integrin-Dependent Activation of TGFβ. Cancer Res 2019; 79:3622-3635. [PMID: 31015227 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-18-2659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Revised: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
In addition to being refractory to treatment, melanoma cancer stem cells (CSC) are known to suppress host antitumor immunity, the underlying mechanisms of which need further elucidation. In this study, we established a novel role for miR-92 and its associated gene networks in immunosuppression. CSCs were isolated from the B16-F10 murine melanoma cell line based on expression of the putative CSC marker CD133 (Prominin-1). CD133+ cells were functionally distinct from CD133- cells and showed increased proliferation in vitro and enhanced tumorigenesis in vivo. CD133+ CSCs also exhibited a greater capacity to recruit immunosuppressive cell types during tumor formation, including FoxP3+ Tregs, myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC), and M2 macrophages. Using microarray technology, we identified several miRs that were significantly downregulated in CD133+ cells compared with CD133- cells, including miR-92. Decreased expression of miR-92 in CSCs led to higher expression of target molecules integrin αV and α5 subunits, which, in turn, enhanced TGFβ activation, as evidenced by increased phosphorylation of SMAD2. CD133+ cells transfected with miR-92a mimic and injected in vivo showed significantly decreased tumor burden, which was associated with reduced immunosuppressive phenotype intratumorally. Using The Cancer Genome Atlas database of patients with melanoma, we also noted a positive correlation between integrin α5 and TGFβ1 expression levels and an inverse association between miR-92 expression and integrin alpha subunit expression. Collectively, this study suggests that a miR-92-driven signaling axis involving integrin activation of TGFβ in CSCs promotes enhanced tumorigenesis through induction of intratumoral immunosuppression. SIGNIFICANCE: CD133+ cells play an active role in suppressing melanoma antitumor immunity by modulating miR-92, which increases influx of immunosuppressive cells and TGFβ1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris Shidal
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, South Carolina
| | - Narendra P Singh
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, South Carolina
| | - Prakash Nagarkatti
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, South Carolina
| | - Mitzi Nagarkatti
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, South Carolina.
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Abstract
AIM AND OBJECTIVES The paucibacillary nature of pediatric tuberculosis (TB) makes diagnosis difficult. The aim of the study was to correlate the clinical spectrum of pediatric TB with microbiological diagnosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Specimens from clinically suspected pediatric TB cases were subjected to Ziehl-Neelsen staining, culture on Lowenstein-Jensen medium and cartridge-based nucleic acid amplification test (CB-NAAT) for TB. RESULTS Pulmonary TB was the predominant form affecting 36 of 62 (58%) patients. Tubercular meningitis was the commonest form of extrapulmonary type and affected 13 of 26 (50%) children. Microbiological diagnosis by any of the above methods could be established in 35 (56.45%) cases. While 33 of 36 (92%) patients diagnosed with pulmonary TB had radiological findings, of which only 25 (76%) could be microbiologically confirmed, only 24 of 31 (77%) patients with extrapulmonary symptoms had radiological evidence and microbiological confirmation could be achieved in 4 (17%) of these. CONCLUSION An integrated approach of diagnosis, including clinical-radiological, microbiological and immunological evidence should be stressed on.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Gupta
- Department of microbiology, University College of Medical Sciences and Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Bineeta Kashyap
- Department of microbiology, University College of Medical Sciences and Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Pooja Dewan
- Department of Pediatrics, University College of Medical Sciences and Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Puneeta Hyanki
- CMO I/C DOTS Center, University College of Medical Sciences and Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - N P Singh
- Department of microbiology, University College of Medical Sciences and Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, New Delhi, Delhi, India
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Mehrpouya-Bahrami P, Miranda K, Singh NP, Zumbrun EE, Nagarkatti M, Nagarkatti PS. Role of microRNA in CB1 antagonist-mediated regulation of adipose tissue macrophage polarization and chemotaxis during diet-induced obesity. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:7669-7681. [PMID: 30910812 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.005094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Revised: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Although cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1) antagonists have been shown to attenuate diet-induced obesity (DIO) and associated inflammation, the precise molecular mechanisms involved are not clear. In the current study, we investigated the role of microRNA (miR) in the regulation of adipose tissue macrophage (ATM) phenotype following treatment of DIO mice with the CB1 antagonist SR141716A. DIO mice were fed high-fat diet (HFD) for 12 weeks and then treated daily with SR141716A (10 mg/kg) for 4 weeks while continuing HFD. Treated mice experienced weight loss, persistent reduction in fat mass, improvements in metabolic profile, and decreased adipose inflammation. CB1 blockade resulted in down-regulation of several miRs in ATMs, including the miR-466 family and miR-762. Reduced expression of the miR-466 family led to induction of anti-inflammatory M2 transcription factors KLF4 and STAT6, whereas down-regulation of miR-762 promoted induction of AGAP-2, a negative regulator of the neuroimmune retention cues, Netrin-1 and its coreceptor UNC5B. Furthermore, treatment of primary macrophages with SR141716A up-regulated KLF4 and STAT6, reduced secretion of Netrin-1, and increased migration toward the lymph node chemoattractant CCL19. These studies demonstrate for the first time that CB1 receptor blockade attenuates DIO-associated inflammation through alterations in ATM miR expression that promote M2 ATM polarization and macrophage egress from adipose tissue. The current study also identifies additional novel therapeutic targets for diet-induced obesity and metabolic disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pegah Mehrpouya-Bahrami
- From the Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, South Carolina 29208
| | - Kathryn Miranda
- From the Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, South Carolina 29208
| | - Narendra P Singh
- From the Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, South Carolina 29208
| | - Elizabeth E Zumbrun
- From the Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, South Carolina 29208
| | - Mitzi Nagarkatti
- From the Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, South Carolina 29208
| | - Prakash S Nagarkatti
- From the Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, South Carolina 29208
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Alharris E, Singh NP, Nagarkatti PS, Nagarkatti M. Role of miRNA in the regulation of cannabidiol-mediated apoptosis in neuroblastoma cells. Oncotarget 2019; 10:45-59. [PMID: 30713602 PMCID: PMC6343753 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.26534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma (NBL) is one of the most common childhood cancers that originate from the immature nerve cells of the sympathetic system. Studies with NBL cancers have also shown that miRNAs are dysregulated and may play a critical role in pathogenesis. Cannabidiol (CBD) is a non-psychoactive compound found in marijuana which has been previously shown by our laboratory and others to induce apoptosis in cancer cells. However, there are no studies reported to test if CBD mediates these effects through regulation of miRNA. In the current study, therefore, we investigated if CBD induces apoptosis in human NBL cell lines, SH SY5Y and IMR-32, and if it is regulated by miRNA. Our data demonstrated that CBD induces apoptosis in NBL cells through activation of serotonin and vanilloid receptors. We also found that caspase-2 and -3 played an important role in the induction of apoptosis. CBD also significantly reduced NBL cell migration and invasion in vitro. Furthermore, CBD blocked mitochondrial respiration and caused a shift in metabolism towards glycolysis. CBD altered the expression of miRNA specifically, down-regulating hsa-let-7a and upregulating hsa-mir-1972. Downregulation of let-7a increased expression of target caspase-3, and growth arrest specific-7 (GAS-7) genes. Upregulation of hsa-mir-1972 caused decreased expression of BCL2L1 and SIRT2 genes. Together, our studies suggest that CBD-mediated apoptosis in NBL cells is regulated by miRNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esraah Alharris
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC 29209, USA
| | - Narendra P Singh
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC 29209, USA
| | - Prakash S Nagarkatti
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC 29209, USA
| | - Mitzi Nagarkatti
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC 29209, USA
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Alharris E, Alghetaa H, Seth R, Chatterjee S, Singh NP, Nagarkatti M, Nagarkatti P. Resveratrol Attenuates Allergic Asthma and Associated Inflammation in the Lungs Through Regulation of miRNA-34a That Targets FoxP3 in Mice. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2992. [PMID: 30619345 PMCID: PMC6306424 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of airways mediated by T-helper 2 (Th2) cells involving complex signaling pathways. Although resveratrol has previously been shown to attenuate allergic asthma, the role of miRNA in this process has not been studied. We investigated the effect of resveratrol on ovalbumin-induced experimental allergic asthma in mice. To that end, BALB/c mice were immunized with ovalbumin (OVA) intraperitoneally followed by oral gavage of vehicle (OVA-veh) or resveratrol (100 mg/kg body) (OVA-res). On day 7, the experimental groups received intranasal challenge of OVA followed by 7 days of additional oral gavage of vehicle or resveratrol. At day 15, all mice were euthanized and bronchioalveolar fluid (BALF), serum and lung infiltrating cells were collected and analyzed. The data showed that resveratrol significantly reduced IL-5, IL-13, and TGF-β in the serum and BALF in mice with OVA-induced asthma. Also, we saw a decrease in CD3+CD4+, CD3+CD8+, and CD4+IL-4+ cells with increase in CD4+CD25+FOXP3+ cells in pulmonary inflammatory cell infiltrate in OVA-res group when compared to OVA-veh. miRNA expression arrays using lung infiltrating cells showed that resveratrol caused significant alterations in miRNA expression, specifically downregulating the expression of miR-34a. Additionally, miR-34a was found to target FOXP3, as evidenced by enhanced expression of FOXP3 in the lung tissue. Also, transfection studies showed that miR-34a inhibitor upregulated FOXP3 expression while miR-34a-mimic downregulated FOXP3 expression. The current study suggests that resveratrol attenuates allergic asthma by downregulating miR-34a that induces increased expression of FOXP3, a master regulator of Treg development and functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esraah Alharris
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Hasan Alghetaa
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Ratanesh Seth
- Environmental Health and Disease Laboratory, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina,Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Saurabh Chatterjee
- Environmental Health and Disease Laboratory, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina,Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Narendra P. Singh
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Mitzi Nagarkatti
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Prakash Nagarkatti
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States,*Correspondence: Prakash Nagarkatti
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Kadhim S, Singh NP, Zumbrun EE, Cui T, Chatterjee S, Hofseth L, Abood A, Nagarkatti P, Nagarkatti M. Resveratrol-Mediated Attenuation of Staphylococcus aureus Enterotoxin B-Induced Acute Liver Injury Is Associated With Regulation of microRNA and Induction of Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:2910. [PMID: 30619104 PMCID: PMC6304356 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.02910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Resveratrol (RES) is a polyphenolic compound found abundantly in plant products including red grapes, peanuts, and mulberries. Because of potent anti-inflammatory properties of RES, we investigated whether RES can protect from Staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB)-induced acute liver injury in mice. SEB is a potent super antigen that induces robust inflammation and releases inflammatory cytokines that can be fatal. We observed that SEB caused acute liver injury in mice with increases in enzyme aspartate transaminase (AST) levels, and massive infiltration of immune cells into the liver. Treatment with RES (100 mg/kg body weight) attenuated SEB-induced acute liver injury, as indicated by decreased AST levels and cellular infiltration in the liver. Interestingly, RES treatment increased the number of myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) in the liver. RES treatment led to alterations in the microRNA (miR) profile in liver mononuclear cells (MNCs) of mice exposed to SEB, and pathway analysis indicated these miRs targeted many inflammatory pathways. Of these, we identified miR-185, which was down-regulated by RES, to specifically target Colony Stimulating Factor (CSF1) using transfection studies. Moreover, the levels of CSF1 were significantly increased in RES-treated SEB mice. Because CSF1 is critical in MDSC induction, our studies suggest that RES may induce MDSCs by down-regulating miR-185 leading to increase the expression of CSF1. The data presented demonstrate for the first time that RES can effectively attenuates SEB-induced acute liver injury and that this may result from its action on miRs and induction of MDSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabah Kadhim
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Narendra P. Singh
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Elizabeth E. Zumbrun
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Taixing Cui
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Saurabh Chatterjee
- Environmental Health and Disease Laboratory, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Lorne Hofseth
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, South Carolina College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Abduladheem Abood
- College of Dental Medicine, Al-Mustansiriya University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Prakash Nagarkatti
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Mitzi Nagarkatti
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, United States
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Kashyap B, Goyal N, Gupta N, Singh NP, Kumar V. Evaluation of Treponema pallidum Hemagglutination Assay among Varying Titers of the Venereal Disease Research Laboratory Test. Indian J Dermatol 2018; 63:479-483. [PMID: 30504976 PMCID: PMC6233038 DOI: 10.4103/ijd.ijd_595_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objective: Syphilis, besides being a significant cause of perinatal morbidity and mortality, is a substantial cause of adult morbidity. A discordant serological result can present a diagnostic challenge; hence, a fundamental knowledge about the diagnostic limitations or interpretation of these assays becomes imperative for the clinicians to avoid management dilemma. The study was proposed to see the usefulness and correlation of Treponema pallidum hemagglutination assay (TPHA) with varying titers of Venereal Disease Research Laboratory (VDRL) test. Materials and Methods: Over a period of 2 years, 22,351 sera were subjected to screening for syphilis by VDRL test. TPHA test was performed for confirmation in 243 of the total sera. Results: VDRL reactivity was seen in 0.77% of the tested sera. TPHA positivity was 58.85% among the sera tested. Calculated sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of VDRL against TPHA were 87.41%, 52%, 72.25%, and 74.29%, respectively. TPHA positivity was found to be 100% and 55% in VDRL reactive cases with titers ≥32 and <8, respectively. Conclusion: Screening and diagnostic serological tests for syphilis should be reviewed in routine by the treating physician in the light of clinical presentation and the history of infection and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bineeta Kashyap
- Department of Microbiology, University College of Medical Sciences and Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Nisha Goyal
- Department of Microbiology, University College of Medical Sciences and Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Neha Gupta
- Department of Microbiology, University College of Medical Sciences and Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - N P Singh
- Department of Microbiology, University College of Medical Sciences and Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Vinod Kumar
- Department of Microbiology, University College of Medical Sciences and Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, New Delhi, India
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - V Wourms
- Max Rady College of Medicine, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - P M Singh
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Singh NP, Miranda K, Singh UP, Nagarkatti P, Nagarkatti M. Diethylstilbestrol (DES) induces autophagy in thymocytes by regulating Beclin-1 expression through epigenetic modulation. Toxicology 2018; 410:49-58. [PMID: 30153466 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2018.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Revised: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Diethylstilbestrol (DES) is an endocrine disruptor that was used to prevent adverse effects of pregnancy in women in late 1940s until early 1970s. Its use was banned following significant toxicity and negative effects not only in the mothers but also transgenerationally. Previous studies from our laboratory showed that DES induces thymic atrophy and immunosuppression in mice. In this study, we investigated the molecular mechanisms through which DES triggers thymic atrophy, specifically autophagy. To that end, we treated C57BL/6 mice with DES, and determined expression of two autophagy-related proteins, microtubule-associated protein-1 light chain 3 (LC3) and Beclin-1 (Becn1). We observed that DES-induced thymic atrophy was associated with increased autophagy in thymocytes and significant upregulation in the expression of both Becn1 and LC3. DES also caused downregulation in the expression of miR-30a in thymocytes, and transfection studies revealed that miR-30a targeted Becn1. Upon examination of methylation status of Becn1, we noted hypomethylation of Becn1 in thymocytes of mice exposed to DES. Together, these data demonstrate for the first time that DES induces autophagy in thymocytes potentially through epigenetic changes involving hypomethylation of Becn1 and down-regulation of miR-30a expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narendra P Singh
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
| | - Kathryn Miranda
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
| | - Udai P Singh
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
| | - Prakash Nagarkatti
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
| | - Mitzi Nagarkatti
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA.
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