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Epigenetic clock: A promising biomarker and practical tool in aging. Ageing Res Rev 2022; 81:101743. [PMID: 36206857 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2022.101743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
As a complicated process, aging is characterized by various changes at the cellular, subcellular and nuclear levels, one of which is epigenetic aging. With increasing awareness of the critical role that epigenetic alternations play in aging, DNA methylation patterns have been employed as a measure of biological age, currently referred to as the epigenetic clock. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the epigenetic clock as a biomarker of aging and a useful tool to manage healthy aging. In this burgeoning scientific field, various kinds of epigenetic clocks continue to emerge, including Horvath's clock, Hannum's clock, DNA PhenoAge, and DNA GrimAge. We hereby present the most classic epigenetic clocks, as well as their differences. Correlations of epigenetic age with morbidity, mortality and other factors suggest the potential of epigenetic clocks for risk prediction and identification in the context of aging. In particular, we summarize studies on promising age-reversing interventions, with epigenetic clocks employed as a practical tool in the efficacy evaluation. We also discuss how the lack of higher-quality information poses a major challenge, and offer some suggestions to address existing obstacles. Hopefully, our review will help provide an appropriate understanding of the epigenetic clocks, thereby enabling novel insights into the aging process and how it can be manipulated to promote healthy aging.
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152
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Cao Y, Wang Z, Zhang C, Bian Y, Zhang X, Liu X, Chen W, Zhao Y. Metformin promotes in vitro maturation of oocytes from aged mice by attenuating mitochondrial oxidative stress via SIRT3-dependent SOD2ac. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:1028510. [PMID: 36393869 PMCID: PMC9640937 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.1028510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Human female fecundity decreases irreversibly as chronological age rises, adversely affecting oocyte quality, consequently worsening pregnancy outcomes and increasing the extent of birth defects. The first-line type 2 diabetes treatment metformin has been associated with delayed aging and reduction of oxidative stress; yet it remains unclear if metformin confers any benefits for oocytes from aged mice, particularly in the context of the assisted human reproductive technology (ART) known as in vitro maturation (IVM). Here, we found that adding metformin into the M16 culture medium of oocytes from aged mice significantly improved both oocyte maturation and early embryonic development. This study showed that metformin reduced the extent of meiotic defects and maintained a normal distribution of cortical granules (CGs). RNA-seq analysis of metformin-treated oocytes revealed genes apparently involved in the reduction of mitochondrial ROS. Further, the results supported that the metformin improved mitochondrial function, reduced apoptosis, increased the extent of autophagy, and reduced mitochondrial ROS via SIRT3-mediated acetylation status of SOD2K68 in oocytes from aged mice. Thus, this finding demonstrated a protective effect for metformin against the decreased quality of oocytes from aged mice to potentially improve ART success rates and illustrated a potential strategy to prevent or delay reproductive aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongzhi Cao
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China,Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China,Shandong Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China,Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, Shandong, China,Shandong Technology Innovation Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, Shandong, China,National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China,Laboratory Animal Center, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Zhao Wang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China,Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China,Shandong Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China,Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, Shandong, China,Shandong Technology Innovation Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, Shandong, China,National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Changming Zhang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China,Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China,Shandong Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China,Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, Shandong, China,Shandong Technology Innovation Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, Shandong, China,National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yuehong Bian
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China,Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China,Shandong Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China,Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, Shandong, China,Shandong Technology Innovation Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, Shandong, China,National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China,Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China,Shandong Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China,Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, Shandong, China,Shandong Technology Innovation Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, Shandong, China,National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China,Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China,Shandong Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China,Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, Shandong, China,Shandong Technology Innovation Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, Shandong, China,National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Wendi Chen
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China,Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China,Shandong Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China,Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, Shandong, China,Shandong Technology Innovation Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, Shandong, China,National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yueran Zhao
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China,Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China,Shandong Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China,Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, Shandong, China,Shandong Technology Innovation Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, Shandong, China,National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China,Central Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China,*Correspondence: Yueran Zhao,
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153
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Lundgren S, Kuitunen S, Pietiläinen KH, Hurme M, Kähönen M, Männistö S, Perola M, Lehtimäki T, Raitakari O, Kaprio J, Ollikainen M. BMI is positively associated with accelerated epigenetic aging in twin pairs discordant for body mass index. J Intern Med 2022; 292:627-640. [PMID: 35699258 PMCID: PMC9540898 DOI: 10.1111/joim.13528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is a heritable complex phenotype that can increase the risk of age-related outcomes. Biological age can be estimated from DNA methylation (DNAm) using various "epigenetic clocks." Previous work suggests individuals with elevated weight also display accelerated aging, but results vary by epigenetic clock and population. Here, we utilize the new epigenetic clock GrimAge, which closely correlates with mortality. OBJECTIVES We aimed to assess the cross-sectional association of body mass index (BMI) with age acceleration in twins to limit confounding by genetics and shared environment. METHODS AND RESULTS Participants were from the Finnish Twin Cohort (FTC; n = 1424), including monozygotic (MZ) and dizygotic (DZ) twin pairs, and DNAm was measured using the Illumina 450K array. Multivariate linear mixed effects models including MZ and DZ twins showed an accelerated epigenetic age of 1.02 months (p-value = 6.1 × 10-12 ) per one-unit BMI increase. Additionally, heavier twins in a BMI-discordant MZ twin pair (ΔBMI >3 kg/m2 ) had an epigenetic age 5.2 months older than their lighter cotwin (p-value = 0.0074). We also found a positive association between log (homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance) and age acceleration, confirmed by a meta-analysis of the FTC and two other Finnish cohorts (overall effect = 0.45 years, p-value = 4.1 × 10-25 ) from adjusted models. CONCLUSION We identified significant associations of BMI and insulin resistance with age acceleration based on GrimAge, which were not due to genetic effects on BMI and aging. Overall, these results support a role of BMI in aging, potentially in part due to the effects of insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Lundgren
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sara Kuitunen
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kirsi H Pietiläinen
- Obesity Research Unit, Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Obesity Center, Endocrinology, Abdominal Center, Helsinki University Central Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mikko Hurme
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Mika Kähönen
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland.,Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Satu Männistö
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Markus Perola
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland.,Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Terho Lehtimäki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, and Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center-Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Olli Raitakari
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.,Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Jaakko Kaprio
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Miina Ollikainen
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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154
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Singh B, Kumar Rai A. Loss of immune regulation in aged T-cells: A metabolic review to show lack of ability to control responses within the self. Hum Immunol 2022; 83:808-817. [DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2022.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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155
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Chhunchha B, Kubo E, Singh DP. Obligatory Role of AMPK Activation and Antioxidant Defense Pathway in the Regulatory Effects of Metformin on Cellular Protection and Prevention of Lens Opacity. Cells 2022; 11:3021. [PMID: 36230981 PMCID: PMC9563310 DOI: 10.3390/cells11193021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing levels of oxidative-stress due to deterioration of the Nrf2 (NFE2-related factor)/ARE (antioxidant response element) pathway is found to be a primary cause of aging pathobiology. Metformin having anti-aging effects can delay/halt aging-related diseases. Herein, using lens epithelial cell lines (LECs) of human (h) or mouse (m) and aging h/m primary LECs along with lenses as model systems, we demonstrated that Metformin could correct deteriorated Bmal1/Nrf2/ARE pathway by reviving AMPK-activation, and transcriptional activities of Bmal1/Nrf2, resulting in increased antioxidants enzymatic activity and expression of Phase II enzymes. This ensued reactive oxygen species (ROS) mitigation with cytoprotection and prevention of lens opacity in response to aging/oxidative stress. It was intriguing to observe that Metformin internalized lens/LECs and upregulated OCTs (Organic Cation Transporters). Mechanistically, we found that Metformin evoked AMPK activation-dependent increase of Bmal1, Nrf2, and antioxidants transcription by promoting direct E-Box and ARE binding of Bmal1 and Nrf2 to the promoters. Loss-of-function and disruption of E-Box/ARE identified that Metformin acted by increasing Bmal1/Nrf2-mediated antioxidant expression. Data showed that AMPK-activation was a requisite for Bmal1/Nrf2-antioxidants-mediated defense, as pharmacologically inactivating AMPK impeded the Metformin's effect. Collectively, the results for the first-time shed light on the hitherto incompletely uncovered crosstalk between the AMPK and Bmal1/Nrf2/antioxidants mediated by Metformin for blunting oxidative/aging-linked pathobiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhavana Chhunchha
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Eri Kubo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa 9200293, Japan
| | - Dhirendra P. Singh
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
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156
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Li M, Bao L, Zhu P, Wang S. Effect of metformin on the epigenetic age of peripheral blood in patients with diabetes mellitus. Front Genet 2022; 13:955835. [PMID: 36226195 PMCID: PMC9548538 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.955835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Metformin has been proven to have an antiaging effect. However, studies on how metformin affects global epigenetic regulation and its effect on the epigenetic clock in diabetes mellitus (DM) patients are limited. This study aims to investigate the impact of metformin on the epigenetic age in subjects with type 2 DM. Results: We collected the peripheral blood of the metformin group and the no-metformin group of the 32 DM patients. Three previously established epigenetic clocks (Hannum, Horvath, and DNAmPhenoAge) were used to estimate the epigenetic age acceleration of the two groups. We defined biological age acceleration for each group by comparing the estimated biological age with the chronological age. Results were presented as follows: 1) all three epigenetic clocks were strongly correlated with chronological age. 2) We found a strong association between metformin intake and slower epigenetic aging by Horvath’s clock and Hannum’s clock. Conclusions: Here, we found an association between metformin intake and slower epigenetic aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Li
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Medical Center and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Litao Bao
- Institute of Gerontology, Second Medical Center, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ping Zhu
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Medical Center and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Shuxia Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Medical Center and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Shuxia Wang,
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157
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Meshchaninov VN, Tsyvian PB, Myakotnykh VS, Kovtun OP, Shcherbakov DL, Blagodareva MS. Ontogenetic Principles of Accelerated Aging and the Prospects for Its Prevention and Treatment. ADVANCES IN GERONTOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s2079057022030080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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158
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Zhao JL, Qiao XH, Mao JH, Liu F, Fu HD. The interaction between cellular senescence and chronic kidney disease as a therapeutic opportunity. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:974361. [PMID: 36091755 PMCID: PMC9459105 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.974361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an increasingly serious public health problem in the world, but the effective therapeutic approach is quite limited at present. Cellular senescence is characterized by the irreversible cell cycle arrest, senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) and senescent cell anti-apoptotic pathways (SCAPs). Renal senescence shares many similarities with CKD, including etiology, mechanism, pathological change, phenotype and outcome, however, it is difficult to judge whether renal senescence is a trigger or a consequence of CKD, since there is a complex correlation between them. A variety of cellular signaling mechanisms are involved in their interactive association, which provides new potential targets for the intervention of CKD, and then extends the researches on senotherapy. Our review summarizes the common features of renal senescence and CKD, the interaction between them, the strategies of senotherapy, and the open questions for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Li Zhao
- Department of Nephrology, The Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Hui Qiao
- Department of Pediatric Internal Medicine, Ningbo Women and Children’s Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Jian-Hua Mao
- Department of Nephrology, The Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Jian-Hua Mao,
| | - Fei Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hai-Dong Fu
- Department of Nephrology, The Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
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159
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Song Y, Wu Z, Zhao P. The effects of metformin in the treatment of osteoarthritis: Current perspectives. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:952560. [PMID: 36081941 PMCID: PMC9445495 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.952560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis is a chronic and irreversible disease of the locomotor system which is closely associated with advancing age. Pain and limited mobility frequently affect the quality of life in middle-aged and older adults. With a global population of more than 350 million, osteoarthritis is becoming a health threat alongside cancer and cardiovascular disease. It is challenging to find effective treatments to promote cartilage repair and slow down disease progression. Metformin is the first-line drug for patients with type 2 diabetes, and current perspectives suggest that it cannot only lower glucose but also has anti-inflammatory and anti-aging properties. Experimental studies applying metformin for the treatment of osteoarthritis have received much attention in recent years. In our review, we first presented the history of metformin and the current status of osteoarthritis, followed by a brief review of the mechanism that metformin acts, involving AMPK-dependent and non-dependent pathways. Moreover, we concluded that metformin may be beneficial in the treatment of osteoarthritis by inhibiting inflammation, modulating autophagy, antagonizing oxidative stress, and reducing pain levels. Finally, we analyzed the relevant evidence from animal and human studies. The potential of metformin for the treatment of osteoarthritis deserves to be further explored.
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160
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Li D, Ruan G, Zhang Y, Zhao Y, Zhu Z, Ou Q, Huang H, Chen J, Han W, Tang S, Li J, Wang L, Chen T, Bai X, Cai D, Ding C. Metformin attenuates osteoarthritis by targeting chondrocytes, synovial macrophages and adipocytes. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2022; 62:1652-1661. [PMID: 35984286 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keac467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the therapeutic effect and mechanism of metformin on knee osteoarthritis (OA) in normal diet (ND) mice or high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice. METHODS Destabilization of the medial meniscus surgery was performed in ND mice or HFD mice, and metformin was administrated in drinking water or not. The changes of OA joint structure, infiltration and polarization of synovial macrophages and circulating and local levels of leptin and adiponectin were evaluated. In vitro, the effects of metformin on chondrocytes and macrophages, and of conditioned mediums derived from mouse abdominal fat on murine chondrogenic cell line ATDC5 and murine macrophage cell line RAW264.7, were detected. RESULTS Metformin showed protective effects on OA, characterized by reductions on OARSI score (2.00, 95% CI [1.15-2.86] for ND mice and 3.17, 95% CI [2.37-3.96] for HFD mice) and synovitis score (1.17, 95% CI [0.27-2.06] for ND mice and 2.50, 95% CI [1.49-3.51] for HFD mice) after 10 weeks of treatment, and the effects were more significant in HFD mice than in ND mice. Mechanistically, in addition to decreasing apoptosis and matrix-degrading enzymes expression in chondrocytes as well as infiltration and pro-inflammatory differentiation of synovial macrophages, metformin reduced leptin secretion by adipose tissue in HFD mice. CONCLUSIONS Metformin protects against knee OA which could be through reducing apoptosis and catabolism of chondrocytes, and suppressing infiltration and pro-inflammatory polarization of synovial macrophages. For obese mice, metformin has a greater protective effect in knee OA additionally through reducing leptin secretion from adipose tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delong Li
- Clinical Research Centre, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, China.,Department of Orthopedics, Academy of Orthopedics Guangdong Province, Orthopedic Hospital of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degenerative Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Guangfeng Ruan
- Clinical Research Centre, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou, 510180, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Clinical Research Centre, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, China
| | - Yang Zhao
- Clinical Research Centre, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, China
| | - Zhaohua Zhu
- Clinical Research Centre, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, China
| | - Qianhua Ou
- Clinical Research Centre, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, China
| | - Hong Huang
- Clinical Research Centre, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, China
| | - Jieli Chen
- Clinical Research Centre, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, China
| | - Weiyu Han
- Clinical Research Centre, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, China
| | - Su'an Tang
- Clinical Research Centre, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, China
| | - Jia Li
- Clinical Research Centre, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, China
| | - Liang Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Academy of Orthopedics Guangdong Province, Orthopedic Hospital of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degenerative Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Tianyu Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Academy of Orthopedics Guangdong Province, Orthopedic Hospital of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degenerative Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Xiaochun Bai
- Department of Orthopedics, Academy of Orthopedics Guangdong Province, Orthopedic Hospital of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degenerative Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510630, China.,Key Laboratory of Mental Health of the Ministry of Education, Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Daozhang Cai
- Department of Orthopedics, Academy of Orthopedics Guangdong Province, Orthopedic Hospital of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degenerative Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Changhai Ding
- Clinical Research Centre, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, China.,Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, 7000, Australia
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161
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The Effects of Nutrient Signaling Regulators in Combination with Phytocannabinoids on the Senescence-Associated Phenotype in Human Dermal Fibroblasts. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158804. [PMID: 35955938 PMCID: PMC9368899 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Identifying effective anti-aging compounds is a cornerstone of modern longevity, aging, and skin-health research. There is considerable evidence of the effectiveness of nutrient signaling regulators such as metformin, resveratrol, and rapamycin in longevity and anti-aging studies; however, their potential protective role in skin aging is controversial. In light of the increasing appearance of phytocannabinoids in beauty products without rigorous research on their rejuvenation efficacy, we decided to investigate the potential role of phytocannabinoids in combination with nutrient signaling regulators in skin rejuvenation. Utilizing CCD-1064Sk skin fibroblasts, the effect of metformin, triacetylresveratrol, and rapamycin combined with phytocannabinoids on cellular viability, functional activity, metabolic function, and nuclear architecture was tested. We found triacetylresveratrol combined with cannabidiol increased the viability of skin fibroblasts (p < 0.0001), restored wound-healing functional activity (p < 0.001), reduced metabolic dysfunction, and ameliorated nuclear eccentricity and circularity in senescent fibroblasts (p < 0.01). Conversely, metformin with or without phytocannabinoids did not show any beneficial effects on functional activity, while rapamycin inhibited cell viability (p < 0.01) and the speed of wound healing (p < 0.001). Therefore, triacetylresveratrol and cannabidiol can be a valuable source of biologically active substances used in aging and more studies using animals to confirm the efficacy of cannabidiol combined with triacetylresveratrol should be performed.
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162
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Sun H, Shi K, Zuo B, Zhang X, Liu Y, Sun D, Wang F. Kidney-Targeted Drug Delivery System Based on Metformin-Grafted Chitosan for Renal Fibrosis Therapy. Mol Pharm 2022; 19:3075-3084. [PMID: 35938707 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.1c00827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Our previous study demonstrated that metformin plays an anti-fibrotic role in addition to its hypoglycemic effect. Worryingly, it often requires more than 5 times the hypoglycemic dose to achieve a satisfactory anti-fibrotic effect, which greatly increases the risk of systemic acidosis caused by metformin overdose. Low-molecular-weight chitosan (LMWC) has natural kidney-targeting properties and good biocompatibility and degradability. Thus, we synthesized a novel carrier metformin-grafted chitosan (CS-MET) based on an imine reaction between oxidized chitosan and metformin. Then, GFP was recruited to form GFP-loaded CS-MET nanoparticles (CS-MET/GFP NPs) with controllable particle size. We hypothesized that CS-MET/GFP NPs would enrich in the kidney and be absorbed by HK-2 cells via megalin-mediated endocytosis by intravenous injection, which may avoid systemic acidosis caused by metformin overdose. Subsequently, the nanoparticle ruptures and releases metformin to exert its anti-apoptotic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-fibrotic effects. Our results showed that CS-MET/GFP NPs have great transfection efficiency and could enter HK-2 cells mainly through megalin-mediated endocytosis. Compared to the free metformin, CS-MET/GFP NPs showed similar anti-apoptotic ability but better therapeutic effects on cellular inflammation and fibrosis in vitro. On the other hand, CS-MET/GFP NPs showed great kidney-targeting ability and superior anti-apoptotic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-fibrotic effects in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haihan Sun
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The First Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province 221004, People's Republic of China
| | - Kun Shi
- Department of Orthopedics, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province 221006, People's Republic of China
| | - Bangjie Zuo
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Yancheng Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Yancheng, Jiangsu Province 224006, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, The First Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical University, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province 221006, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Liu
- School of Medical Imaging, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province 221004, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong Sun
- Department of Nephrology, The First Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical University, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province 221006, People's Republic of China
| | - Fengzhen Wang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The First Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province 221004, People's Republic of China.,Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province 221006, People's Republic of China
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163
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Liu JF, Wu Y, Yang YH, Wu SF, Liu S, Xu P, Yang JT. Phosphoproteome profiling of mouse liver during normal aging. Proteome Sci 2022; 20:12. [PMID: 35932011 PMCID: PMC9354360 DOI: 10.1186/s12953-022-00194-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/24/2022] [Indexed: 08/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Aging is a complex biological process accompanied by a time-dependent functional decline that affects most living organisms. Omics studies help to comprehensively understand the mechanism of aging and discover potential intervention methods. Old mice are frequently obese with a fatty liver. Methods We applied mass spectrometry-based phosphoproteomics to obtain a global phosphorylation profile of the liver in mice aged 2 or 18 months. MaxQuant was used for quantitative analysis and PCA was used for unsupervised clustering. Results Through phosphoproteome analysis, a total of 5,685 phosphosites in 2,335 proteins were filtered for quantitative analysis. PCA analysis of both the phosphoproteome and transcriptome data could distinguish young and old mice. However, from kinase prediction, kinase-substrate interaction analysis, and KEGG functional enrichment analysis done with phosphoproteome data, we observed high phosphorylation of fatty acid biosynthesis, β-oxidation, and potential secretory processes, together with low phosphorylation of the Egfr-Sos1-Araf/Braf-Map2k1-Mapk1 pathway and Ctnnb1 during aging. Proteins with differentially expressed phosphosites seemed more directly related to the aging-associated fatty liver phenotype than the differentially expressed transcripts. The phosphoproteome may reveal distinctive biological functions that are lost in the transcriptome. Conclusions In summary, we constructed a phosphorylation-associated network in the mouse liver during normal aging, which may help to discover novel antiaging strategies. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12953-022-00194-2. The first phosphoproteome profiling of mouse livers during normal aging. A total of 5,685 phosphosites in 2,335 proteins were quantified in this study. A phosphorylation-regulated pathway network was constructed. Metabolism, secretion, and the cell cycle might be dysregulated during normal aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang-Feng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China
| | - Yue Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China.,School of Statistics and Data Science, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Ye-Hong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China
| | - Song-Feng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of ProteomicsResearch Unit of Proteomics & ResearchDevelopment of New Drug of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Shu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of ProteomicsResearch Unit of Proteomics & ResearchDevelopment of New Drug of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Ping Xu
- State Key Laboratory of ProteomicsResearch Unit of Proteomics & ResearchDevelopment of New Drug of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing, 102206, China.
| | - Jun-Tao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China.
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164
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Couteur DGL, Barzilai N. New horizons in life extension, healthspan extension and exceptional longevity. Age Ageing 2022; 51:afac156. [PMID: 35932241 PMCID: PMC9356533 DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afac156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Many common chronic diseases and syndromes are ageing-related. This raises the prospect that therapeutic agents that target the biological changes of ageing will prevent or delay multiple diseases with a single therapy. Gerotherapeutic drugs are those that target pathways involved in ageing, with the aims of reducing the burden of ageing-related diseases and increasing lifespan and healthspan. The approach to discovering gerotherapeutic drugs is similar to that used to discover drugs for diseases. This includes screening for novel compounds that act on receptors or pathways that influence ageing or repurposing of drugs currently available for other indications. A novel approach involves studying populations with exceptional longevity, in order to identify genes variants linked with longer lifespan and could be targeted by drugs. Metformin, rapamycin and precursors of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide are amongst the frontrunners of gerotherapeutics that are moving into human clinical trials to evaluate their effects on ageing. There are also increasing numbers of potential gerotherapeutic drugs in the pipeline or being studied in animal models. A key hurdle is designing clinical trials that are both feasible and can provide sufficient clinical evidence to support licencing and marketing of gerotherapeutic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nir Barzilai
- Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
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165
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Triggle CR, Mohammed I, Bshesh K, Marei I, Ye K, Ding H, MacDonald R, Hollenberg MD, Hill MA. Metformin: Is it a drug for all reasons and diseases? Metabolism 2022; 133:155223. [PMID: 35640743 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2022.155223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Revised: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Metformin was first used to treat type 2 diabetes in the late 1950s and in 2022 remains the first-choice drug used daily by approximately 150 million people. An accumulation of positive pre-clinical and clinical data has stimulated interest in re-purposing metformin to treat a variety of diseases including COVID-19. In polycystic ovary syndrome metformin improves insulin sensitivity. In type 1 diabetes metformin may help reduce the insulin dose. Meta-analysis and data from pre-clinical and clinical studies link metformin to a reduction in the incidence of cancer. Clinical trials, including MILES (Metformin In Longevity Study), and TAME (Targeting Aging with Metformin), have been designed to determine if metformin can offset aging and extend lifespan. Pre-clinical and clinical data suggest that metformin, via suppression of pro-inflammatory pathways, protection of mitochondria and vascular function, and direct actions on neuronal stem cells, may protect against neurodegenerative diseases. Metformin has also been studied for its anti-bacterial, -viral, -malaria efficacy. Collectively, these data raise the question: Is metformin a drug for all diseases? It remains unclear as to whether all of these putative beneficial effects are secondary to its actions as an anti-hyperglycemic and insulin-sensitizing drug, or result from other cellular actions, including inhibition of mTOR (mammalian target for rapamycin), or direct anti-viral actions. Clarification is also sought as to whether data from ex vivo studies based on the use of high concentrations of metformin can be translated into clinical benefits, or whether they reflect a 'Paracelsus' effect. The environmental impact of metformin, a drug with no known metabolites, is another emerging issue that has been linked to endocrine disruption in fish, and extensive use in T2D has also raised concerns over effects on human reproduction. The objectives for this review are to: 1) evaluate the putative mechanism(s) of action of metformin; 2) analyze the controversial evidence for metformin's effectiveness in the treatment of diseases other than type 2 diabetes; 3) assess the reproducibility of the data, and finally 4) reach an informed conclusion as to whether metformin is a drug for all diseases and reasons. We conclude that the primary clinical benefits of metformin result from its insulin-sensitizing and antihyperglycaemic effects that secondarily contribute to a reduced risk of a number of diseases and thereby enhancing healthspan. However, benefits like improving vascular endothelial function that are independent of effects on glucose homeostasis add to metformin's therapeutic actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris R Triggle
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine in Qatar, P.O. Box 24144, Education City, Doha, Qatar; Department of Medical Education, Weill Cornell Medicine in Qatar, P.O. Box 24144, Education City, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Ibrahim Mohammed
- Department of Medical Education, Weill Cornell Medicine in Qatar, P.O. Box 24144, Education City, Doha, Qatar
| | - Khalifa Bshesh
- Department of Medical Education, Weill Cornell Medicine in Qatar, P.O. Box 24144, Education City, Doha, Qatar
| | - Isra Marei
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine in Qatar, P.O. Box 24144, Education City, Doha, Qatar
| | - Kevin Ye
- Department of Biomedical Physiology & Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Hong Ding
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine in Qatar, P.O. Box 24144, Education City, Doha, Qatar; Department of Medical Education, Weill Cornell Medicine in Qatar, P.O. Box 24144, Education City, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ross MacDonald
- Distribution eLibrary, Weill Cornell Medicine in Qatar, P.O. Box 24144, Education City, Doha, Qatar
| | - Morley D Hollenberg
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, a Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Michael A Hill
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Medical Pharmacology & Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia 65211, MO, USA
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166
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Johnson AA, English BW, Shokhirev MN, Sinclair DA, Cuellar TL. Human age reversal: Fact or fiction? Aging Cell 2022; 21:e13664. [PMID: 35778957 PMCID: PMC9381899 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Although chronological age correlates with various age-related diseases and conditions, it does not adequately reflect an individual's functional capacity, well-being, or mortality risk. In contrast, biological age provides information about overall health and indicates how rapidly or slowly a person is aging. Estimates of biological age are thought to be provided by aging clocks, which are computational models (e.g., elastic net) that use a set of inputs (e.g., DNA methylation sites) to make a prediction. In the past decade, aging clock studies have shown that several age-related diseases, social variables, and mental health conditions associate with an increase in predicted biological age relative to chronological age. This phenomenon of age acceleration is linked to a higher risk of premature mortality. More recent research has demonstrated that predicted biological age is sensitive to specific interventions. Human trials have reported that caloric restriction, a plant-based diet, lifestyle changes involving exercise, a drug regime including metformin, and vitamin D3 supplementation are all capable of slowing down or reversing an aging clock. Non-interventional studies have connected high-quality sleep, physical activity, a healthy diet, and other factors to age deceleration. Specific molecules have been associated with the reduction or reversal of predicted biological age, such as the antihypertensive drug doxazosin or the metabolite alpha-ketoglutarate. Although rigorous clinical trials are needed to validate these initial findings, existing data suggest that aging clocks are malleable in humans. Additional research is warranted to better understand these computational models and the clinical significance of lowering or reversing their outputs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adiv A. Johnson
- Longevity Sciences, Inc. (dba Tally Health)GreenwichConnecticutUSA
| | - Bradley W. English
- Blavatnik Institute, Department of Genetics, Paul F. Glenn Center for Biology of Aging ResearchHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | | | - David A. Sinclair
- Blavatnik Institute, Department of Genetics, Paul F. Glenn Center for Biology of Aging ResearchHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
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167
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Weinkove D, Zavagno G. Applying C. elegans to the Industrial Drug Discovery Process to Slow Aging. FRONTIERS IN AGING 2022; 2:740582. [PMID: 35821999 PMCID: PMC9261450 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2021.740582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The increase in our molecular understanding of the biology of aging, coupled with a recent surge in investment, has led to the formation of several companies developing pharmaceuticals to slow aging. Research using the tiny nematode worm Caenorhabditis elegans was the first to show that mutations in single genes can extend lifespan, and subsequent research has shown that this model organism is uniquely suited to testing interventions to slow aging. Yet, with a few notable exceptions, C. elegans is not in the standard toolkit of longevity companies. Here we discuss the paths to overcome the barriers to using C. elegans in industrial drug discovery. We address the predictive power of C. elegans for human aging, how C. elegans research can be applied to specific challenges in the typical drug discovery pipeline, and how standardised and quantitative assays will help C. elegans fulfil its potential in the biotech and pharmaceutical industry. We argue that correct application of this model and its knowledge base will significantly accelerate progress to slow human aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Weinkove
- Department of Biosciences, Durham University, Durham, United Kingdom.,Magnitude Biosciences Ltd., NETpark Plexus, Sedgefield, United Kingdom
| | - Giulia Zavagno
- Department of Biosciences, Durham University, Durham, United Kingdom.,Magnitude Biosciences Ltd., NETpark Plexus, Sedgefield, United Kingdom
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168
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Potential Methods of Targeting Cellular Aging Hallmarks to Reverse Osteoarthritic Phenotype of Chondrocytes. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11070996. [PMID: 36101377 PMCID: PMC9312132 DOI: 10.3390/biology11070996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Revised: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic degenerative joint disease that causes pain, physical disability, and life quality impairment. The pathophysiology of OA remains largely unclear, and currently no FDA-approved disease-modifying OA drugs (DMOADs) are available. As has been acknowledged, aging is the primary independent risk factor for OA, but the mechanisms underlying such a connection are not fully understood. In this review, we first revisit the changes in OA chondrocytes from the perspective of cellular hallmarks of aging. It is concluded that OA chondrocytes share many alterations similar to cellular aging. Next, based on the findings from studies on other cell types and diseases, we propose methods that can potentially reverse osteoarthritic phenotype of chondrocytes back to a healthier state. Lastly, current challenges and future perspectives are summarized.
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169
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Perez NB, Vorderstrasse AA, Yu G, Melkus GD, Wright F, Ginsberg SD, Crusto CA, Sun YV, Taylor JY. Associations Between DNA Methylation Age Acceleration, Depressive Symptoms, and Cardiometabolic Traits in African American Mothers From the InterGEN Study. Epigenet Insights 2022; 15:25168657221109781. [PMID: 35784386 PMCID: PMC9247996 DOI: 10.1177/25168657221109781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background African American women (AAW) have a high risk of both cardiometabolic (CM) illness and depressive symptoms. Depressive symptoms co-occur in individuals with CM illness at higher rates than the general population, and accelerated aging may explain this. In this secondary analysis, we examined associations between age acceleration; depressive symptoms; and CM traits (hypertension, diabetes mellitus [DM], and obesity) in a cohort of AAW. Methods Genomic and clinical data from the InterGEN cohort (n = 227) were used. Age acceleration was based on the Horvath method of DNA methylation (DNAm) age estimation. Accordingly, DNAm age acceleration (DNAm AA) was defined as the residuals from a linear regression of DNAm age on chronological age. Spearman's correlations, linear and logistic regression examined associations between DNAm AA, depressive symptoms, and CM traits. Results DNAm AA did not associate with total depressive symptom scores. DNAm AA correlated with specific symptoms including self-disgust/self-hate (-0.13, 95% CI -0.26, -0.01); difficulty with making decisions (-0.15, 95% CI -0.28, -0.02); and worry over physical health (0.15, 95% CI 0.02, 0.28), but were not statistically significant after multiple comparison correction. DNAm AA associated with obesity (0.08, 95% CI 1.02, 1.16), hypertension (0.08, 95% CI 1.01, 1.17), and DM (0.20, 95% CI 1.09, 1.40), after adjustment for potential confounders. Conclusions Associations between age acceleration and depressive symptoms may be highly nuanced and dependent on study design contexts. Factors other than age acceleration may explain the connection between depressive symptoms and CM traits. AAW with CM traits may be at increased risk of accelerated aging.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Gary Yu
- Rory Meyers College of Nursing, New
York University, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Fay Wright
- Rory Meyers College of Nursing, New
York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Stephen D Ginsberg
- Center for Dementia Research, Nathan
Kline Institute, Orangeburg, NY, USA
- NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New
York, NY, USA
| | - Cindy A Crusto
- Yale School of Medicine, Orange, CT,
USA
- Department of Psychology, University of
Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Yan V Sun
- Emory University School of Public
Health, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Atlanta VA Health Care System, Decatur,
GA, USA
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170
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Examples of Inverse Comorbidity between Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases: A Possible Role for Noncoding RNA. Cells 2022; 11:cells11121930. [PMID: 35741059 PMCID: PMC9221903 DOI: 10.3390/cells11121930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the most common causes of death; in parallel, the incidence and prevalence of central nervous system diseases are equally high. Among neurodegenerative diseases, Alzheimer’s dementia is the most common, while Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most frequent neurodegenerative disease. There is a significant amount of evidence on the complex biological connection between cancer and neurodegeneration. Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) are defined as transcribed nucleotides that perform a variety of regulatory functions. The mechanisms by which ncRNAs exert their functions are numerous and involve every aspect of cellular life. The same ncRNA can act in multiple ways, leading to different outcomes; in fact, a single ncRNA can participate in the pathogenesis of more than one disease—even if these seem very different, as cancer and neurodegenerative disorders are. The ncRNA activates specific pathways leading to one or the other clinical phenotype, sometimes with obvious mechanisms of inverse comorbidity. We aimed to collect from the existing literature examples of inverse comorbidity in which ncRNAs seem to play a key role. We also investigated the example of mir-519a-3p, and one of its target genes Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1, for the inverse comorbidity mechanism between some cancers and PD. We believe it is very important to study the inverse comorbidity relationship between cancer and neurodegenerative diseases because it will help us to better assess these two major areas of human disease.
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171
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McKenzie AI, Mahmassani ZS, Petrocelli JJ, de Hart NMMP, Fix DK, Ferrara PJ, LaStayo PC, Marcus RL, Rondina MT, Summers SA, Johnson JM, Trinity JD, Funai K, Drummond MJ. Short-term exposure to a clinical dose of metformin increases skeletal muscle mitochondrial H 2O 2 emission and production in healthy, older adults: A randomized controlled trial. Exp Gerontol 2022; 163:111804. [PMID: 35405248 PMCID: PMC9237837 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2022.111804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Metformin is the most commonly prescribed medication to treat diabetes. Emerging evidence suggests that metformin could have off target effects that might help promote healthy muscle aging, but these effects have not been thoroughly studied in glucose tolerant older individuals. The purpose of this study was to investigate the short-term effects of metformin consumption on skeletal muscle mitochondrial bioenergetics in healthy older adults. METHODS We obtained muscle biopsy samples from 16 healthy older adults previously naïve to metformin and treated with metformin (METF; 3F, 5M), or placebo (CON; 3F, 5M), for two weeks using a randomized and blinded study design. Samples were analyzed using high-resolution respirometry, immunofluorescence, and immunoblotting to assess muscle mitochondrial bioenergetics, satellite cell (SC) content, and associated protein markers. RESULTS We found that metformin treatment did not alter maximal mitochondrial respiration rates in muscle compared to CON. In contrast, mitochondrial H2O2 emission and production were elevated in muscle samples from METF versus CON (METF emission: 2.59 ± 0.72 SE Fold, P = 0.04; METF production: 2.29 ± 0.53 SE Fold, P = 0.02). Furthermore, the change in H2O2 emission was positively correlated with the change in type 1 myofiber SC content and this was biased in METF participants (Pooled: R2 = 0.5816, P = 0.0006; METF: R2 = 0.674, P = 0.0125). CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that acute exposure to metformin does not impact mitochondrial respiration in aged, glucose-tolerant muscle, but rather, influences mitochondrial-free radical and SC dynamics. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT03107884, clinicaltrials.gov.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alec I McKenzie
- Department of Physical Therapy and Athletic Training, University of Utah, 520 Wakara Way, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA; George E. Wahlen Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, 500 Foothill Dr., Salt Lake City, UT 84148, USA
| | - Ziad S Mahmassani
- Department of Physical Therapy and Athletic Training, University of Utah, 520 Wakara Way, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA
| | - Jonathan J Petrocelli
- Department of Physical Therapy and Athletic Training, University of Utah, 520 Wakara Way, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA
| | - Naomi M M P de Hart
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah, 250 S 1850 E, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Dennis K Fix
- Department of Physical Therapy and Athletic Training, University of Utah, 520 Wakara Way, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA
| | - Patrick J Ferrara
- Department of Physical Therapy and Athletic Training, University of Utah, 520 Wakara Way, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA
| | - Paul C LaStayo
- Department of Physical Therapy and Athletic Training, University of Utah, 520 Wakara Way, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA
| | - Robin L Marcus
- Department of Physical Therapy and Athletic Training, University of Utah, 520 Wakara Way, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA
| | - Matthew T Rondina
- Department of Internal Medicine & Molecular Medicine Program, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA; George E. Wahlen Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, 500 Foothill Dr., Salt Lake City, UT 84148, USA; Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Scott A Summers
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah, 250 S 1850 E, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Jordan M Johnson
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah, 250 S 1850 E, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Joel D Trinity
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah, 250 S 1850 E, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA; Department of Internal Medicine & Molecular Medicine Program, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA; George E. Wahlen Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, 500 Foothill Dr., Salt Lake City, UT 84148, USA
| | - Katsuhiko Funai
- Department of Physical Therapy and Athletic Training, University of Utah, 520 Wakara Way, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA; Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah, 250 S 1850 E, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Micah J Drummond
- Department of Physical Therapy and Athletic Training, University of Utah, 520 Wakara Way, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA; Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah, 250 S 1850 E, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA.
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172
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Thomas C, Wurzer L, Malle E, Ristow M, Madreiter-Sokolowski CT. Modulation of Reactive Oxygen Species Homeostasis as a Pleiotropic Effect of Commonly Used Drugs. FRONTIERS IN AGING 2022; 3:905261. [PMID: 35821802 PMCID: PMC9261327 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2022.905261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Age-associated diseases represent a growing burden for global health systems in our aging society. Consequently, we urgently need innovative strategies to counteract these pathological disturbances. Overwhelming generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is associated with age-related damage, leading to cellular dysfunction and, ultimately, diseases. However, low-dose ROS act as crucial signaling molecules and inducers of a vaccination-like response to boost antioxidant defense mechanisms, known as mitohormesis. Consequently, modulation of ROS homeostasis by nutrition, exercise, or pharmacological interventions is critical in aging. Numerous nutrients and approved drugs exhibit pleiotropic effects on ROS homeostasis. In the current review, we provide an overview of drugs affecting ROS generation and ROS detoxification and evaluate the potential of these effects to counteract the development and progression of age-related diseases. In case of inflammation-related dysfunctions, cardiovascular- and neurodegenerative diseases, it might be essential to strengthen antioxidant defense mechanisms in advance by low ROS level rises to boost the individual ROS defense mechanisms. In contrast, induction of overwhelming ROS production might be helpful to fight pathogens and kill cancer cells. While we outline the potential of ROS manipulation to counteract age-related dysfunction and diseases, we also raise the question about the proper intervention time and dosage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolin Thomas
- Laboratory of Energy Metabolism Institute of Translational Medicine Department of Health Sciences and Technology ETH Zurich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Lia Wurzer
- Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Ernst Malle
- Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Michael Ristow
- Laboratory of Energy Metabolism Institute of Translational Medicine Department of Health Sciences and Technology ETH Zurich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
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173
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Yan N, Li Y, Xing Y, Wu J, Li J, Liang Y, Tang Y, Wang Z, Song H, Wang H, Xiao S, Lu M. Developmental arsenic exposure impairs cognition, directly targets DNMT3A, and reduces DNA methylation. EMBO Rep 2022; 23:e54147. [PMID: 35373418 PMCID: PMC9171692 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202154147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Developmental arsenic exposure has been associated with cognitive deficits in epidemiological studies, but the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here, we establish a mouse model of developmental arsenic exposure exhibiting deficits of recognition and spatial memory in the offspring. These deficits are associated with genome-wide DNA hypomethylation and abnormal expression of cognition-related genes in the hippocampus. Arsenic atoms directly bind to the cysteine-rich ADD domain of DNA methyltransferase 3A (DNMT3A), triggering ubiquitin- and proteasome-mediated degradation of DNMT3A in different cellular contexts. DNMT3A degradation leads to genome-wide DNA hypomethylation in mouse embryonic fibroblasts but not in non-embryonic cell lines. Treatment with metformin, a first-line antidiabetic agent reported to increase DNA methylation, ameliorates the behavioral deficits and normalizes the aberrant expression of cognition-related genes and DNA methylation in the hippocampus of arsenic-exposed offspring. Our study establishes a DNA hypomethylation effect of developmental arsenic exposure and proposes a potential treatment against cognitive deficits in the offspring of pregnant women in arsenic-contaminated areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ni Yan
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuntong Li
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yangfei Xing
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiale Wu
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiabing Li
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Liang
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yigang Tang
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhengyuan Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Huaxin Song
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Haoyu Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shujun Xiao
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Lu
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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174
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An Y, Zhu J, Wang X, Sun X, Luo C, Zhang Y, Ye Y, Li X, Abulizi A, Huang Z, Zhang H, Yang B, Xie Z. Oridonin Delays Aging Through the AKT Signaling Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:888247. [PMID: 35662728 PMCID: PMC9157590 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.888247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is a major risk factor for chronic diseases and disability in humans. Nowadays, no effective anti-aging treatment is available clinically. In this study, oridonin was selected based on the drug screening strategy similar to Connectivity MAP (CMAP) but upon transcriptomes of 102 traditional Chinese medicines treated cell lines. Oridonin is a diterpenoid isolated from Rabdosia rubescens. As reported, Oridonin exhibits a variety of pharmacological activities, including antitumor, antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activities. Here, we found that oridonin inhibited cellular senescence in human diploid fibroblasts (2BS and WI-38), manifested by decreased senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) staining. Compared with the elderly control group, the positive cell rate in the oridonin intervention group was reduced to 48.5%. Notably, oridonin prolonged the lifespan of yeast by 48.9%, and extended the average life span of naturally aged mice by 21.6%. Our mice behavior experiments exhibited that oridonin significantly improved the health status of naturally aged mice. In addition, oridonin also delayed doxorubicin-induced cellular senescence and mouse senescence. Compared with the model group, the percentage of SA-β-gal positive cells in the oridonin treatment group was reduced to 59.8%. It extended the average lifespan of mice by 53.8% and improved healthspan. Mechanistically, we showed that oridonin delayed aging through the AKT signaling pathway and reversed the genetic changes caused by doxorubicin-induced cell senescence. Therefore, oridonin is a potential candidate for the development of anti-aging drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongpan An
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University International Cancer Institute, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University International Cancer Institute, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University International Cancer Institute, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xinpei Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University International Cancer Institute, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Chunxiong Luo
- School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yukun Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University International Cancer Institute, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuwei Ye
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University International Cancer Institute, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaowei Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University International Cancer Institute, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Abudumijiti Abulizi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University International Cancer Institute, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhizhen Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University International Cancer Institute, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Hang Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University International Cancer Institute, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Baoxue Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University International Cancer Institute, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhengwei Xie
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University International Cancer Institute, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Peking University-Yunnan Baiyao International Medical Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Gigaceuticals Tech. Co. Ltd., Beijing, China
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175
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TRH and TRH-like peptide levels covary with caloric restriction and oral metformin in rat heart and testis. ENDOCRINE AND METABOLIC SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.endmts.2022.100121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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176
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Culig L, Chu X, Bohr VA. Neurogenesis in aging and age-related neurodegenerative diseases. Ageing Res Rev 2022; 78:101636. [PMID: 35490966 PMCID: PMC9168971 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2022.101636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Adult neurogenesis, the process by which neurons are generated in certain areas of the adult brain, declines in an age-dependent manner and is one potential target for extending cognitive healthspan. Aging is a major risk factor for neurodegenerative diseases and, as lifespans are increasing, these health challenges are becoming more prevalent. An age-associated loss in neural stem cell number and/or activity could cause this decline in brain function, so interventions that reverse aging in stem cells might increase the human cognitive healthspan. In this review, we describe the involvement of adult neurogenesis in neurodegenerative diseases and address the molecular mechanistic aspects of neurogenesis that involve some of the key aggregation-prone proteins in the brain (i.e., tau, Aβ, α-synuclein, …). We summarize the research pertaining to interventions that increase neurogenesis and regulate known targets in aging research, such as mTOR and sirtuins. Lastly, we share our outlook on restoring the levels of neurogenesis to physiological levels in elderly individuals and those with neurodegeneration. We suggest that modulating neurogenesis represents a potential target for interventions that could help in the fight against neurodegeneration and cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luka Culig
- Section on DNA Repair, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Xixia Chu
- Section on DNA Repair, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Vilhelm A Bohr
- Section on DNA Repair, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA.
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177
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Liu T, Xu Y, Yi CX, Tong Q, Cai D. The hypothalamus for whole-body physiology: from metabolism to aging. Protein Cell 2022; 13:394-421. [PMID: 33826123 PMCID: PMC9095790 DOI: 10.1007/s13238-021-00834-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity and aging are two important epidemic factors for metabolic syndrome and many other health issues, which contribute to devastating diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, stroke and cancers. The brain plays a central role in controlling metabolic physiology in that it integrates information from other metabolic organs, sends regulatory projections and orchestrates the whole-body function. Emerging studies suggest that brain dysfunction in sensing various internal cues or processing external cues may have profound effects on metabolic and other physiological functions. This review highlights brain dysfunction linked to genetic mutations, sex, brain inflammation, microbiota, stress as causes for whole-body pathophysiology, arguing brain dysfunction as a root cause for the epidemic of aging and obesity-related disorders. We also speculate key issues that need to be addressed on how to reveal relevant brain dysfunction that underlines the development of these disorders and diseases in order to develop new treatment strategies against these health problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiemin Liu
- grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Human Phenome Institute, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, Zhongshan Hospital, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438 China
| | - Yong Xu
- grid.39382.330000 0001 2160 926XChildren’s Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030 USA
| | - Chun-Xia Yi
- grid.7177.60000000084992262Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Qingchun Tong
- grid.453726.10000 0004 5906 7293Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, University of Texas McGovern Medical School, Graduate Program in Neuroscience of MD Anderson UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX 77030 USA
| | - Dongsheng Cai
- grid.251993.50000000121791997Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, NY 10461 USA
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178
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McIntyre RL, Liu YJ, Hu M, Morris BJ, Willcox BJ, Donlon TA, Houtkooper RH, Janssens GE. Pharmaceutical and nutraceutical activation of FOXO3 for healthy longevity. Ageing Res Rev 2022; 78:101621. [PMID: 35421606 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2022.101621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Life expectancy has increased substantially over the last 150 years. Yet this means that now most people also spend a greater length of time suffering from various age-associated diseases. As such, delaying age-related functional decline and extending healthspan, the period of active older years free from disease and disability, is an overarching objective of current aging research. Geroprotectors, compounds that target pathways that causally influence aging, are increasingly recognized as a means to extend healthspan in the aging population. Meanwhile, FOXO3 has emerged as a geroprotective gene intricately involved in aging and healthspan. FOXO3 genetic variants are linked to human longevity, reduced disease risks, and even self-reported health. Therefore, identification of FOXO3-activating compounds represents one of the most direct candidate approaches to extending healthspan in aging humans. In this work, we review compounds that activate FOXO3, or influence healthspan or lifespan in a FOXO3-dependent manner. These compounds can be classified as pharmaceuticals, including PI3K/AKT inhibitors and AMPK activators, antidepressants and antipsychotics, muscle relaxants, and HDAC inhibitors, or as nutraceuticals, including primary metabolites involved in cell growth and sustenance, and secondary metabolites including extracts, polyphenols, terpenoids, and other purified natural compounds. The compounds documented here provide a basis and resource for further research and development, with the ultimate goal of promoting healthy longevity in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca L McIntyre
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Yasmine J Liu
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Man Hu
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Brian J Morris
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Department of Research, Kuakini Medical Center, Honolulu, HI, USA; Department of Geriatric Medicine, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Bradley J Willcox
- Department of Research, Kuakini Medical Center, Honolulu, HI, USA; Department of Geriatric Medicine, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Timothy A Donlon
- Department of Research, Kuakini Medical Center, Honolulu, HI, USA; Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Department of Pathology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Riekelt H Houtkooper
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Georges E Janssens
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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179
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Du MR, Gao QY, Liu CL, Bai LY, Li T, Wei FL. Exploring the Pharmacological Potential of Metformin for Neurodegenerative Diseases. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:838173. [PMID: 35557834 PMCID: PMC9087341 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.838173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Metformin, one of the first-line of hypoglycemic drugs, has cardioprotective, anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities, in addition to its proven hypoglycemic effects. Furthermore, the preventive and therapeutic potential of metformin for neurodegenerative diseases has become a topic of concern. Increasing research suggests that metformin can prevent the progression of neurodegenerative diseases. In recent years, many studies have investigated the neuroprotective effect of metformin in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. It has been revealed that metformin can play a neuroprotective role by regulating energy metabolism, oxidative stress, inflammatory response and protein deposition of cells, and avoiding neuronal dysfunction and neuronal death. On the contrary, some have hypothesized that metformin has a two-sided effect which may accelerate the progression of neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, the results of animal experiments and clinical studies are reviewed to discuss the application prospects of metformin in neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Rui Du
- Department of Orthopedics, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Quan-You Gao
- Department of Orthopedics, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chen-Lin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Biotechnology Center, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lin-Ya Bai
- Department of Orthopedics, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Tian Li
- School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Fei-Long Wei
- Department of Orthopedics, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
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180
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Liu JK. Antiaging agents: safe interventions to slow aging and healthy life span extension. NATURAL PRODUCTS AND BIOPROSPECTING 2022; 12:18. [PMID: 35534591 PMCID: PMC9086005 DOI: 10.1007/s13659-022-00339-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Human longevity has increased dramatically during the past century. More than 20% of the 9 billion population of the world will exceed the age of 60 in 2050. Since the last three decades, some interventions and many preclinical studies have been found to show slowing aging and increasing the healthy lifespan of organisms from yeast, flies, rodents to nonhuman primates. The interventions are classified into two groups: lifestyle modifications and pharmacological/genetic manipulations. Some genetic pathways have been characterized to have a specific role in controlling aging and lifespan. Thus, all genes in the pathways are potential antiaging targets. Currently, many antiaging compounds target the calorie-restriction mimetic, autophagy induction, and putative enhancement of cell regeneration, epigenetic modulation of gene activity such as inhibition of histone deacetylases and DNA methyltransferases, are under development. It appears evident that the exploration of new targets for these antiaging agents based on biogerontological research provides an incredible opportunity for the healthcare and pharmaceutical industries. The present review focus on the properties of slow aging and healthy life span extension of natural products from various biological resources, endogenous substances, drugs, and synthetic compounds, as well as the mechanisms of targets for antiaging evaluation. These bioactive compounds that could benefit healthy aging and the potential role of life span extension are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Kai Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, 430074, People's Republic of China.
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181
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Liu YJ, McIntyre RL, Janssens GE. Considerations Regarding Public Use of Longevity Interventions. FRONTIERS IN AGING 2022; 3:903049. [PMID: 35821857 PMCID: PMC9261328 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2022.903049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Public attention and interest for longevity interventions are growing. These can include dietary interventions such as intermittent fasting, physical interventions such as various exercise regimens, or through supplementation of nutraceuticals or administration of pharmaceutics. However, it is unlikely that most interventions identified in model organisms will translate to humans, or that every intervention will benefit each person equally. In the worst case, even detrimental health effects may occur. Therefore, identifying longevity interventions using human data and tracking the aging process in people is of paramount importance as we look towards longevity interventions for the public. In this work, we illustrate how to identify candidate longevity interventions using population data in humans, an approach we have recently employed. We consider metformin as a case-study for potential confounders that influence effectiveness of a longevity intervention, such as lifestyle, sex, genetics, age of administration and the microbiome. Indeed, metformin, like most other longevity interventions, may end up only benefitting a subgroup of individuals. Fortunately, technologies have emerged for tracking the rate of 'biological' aging in individuals, which greatly aids in assessing effectiveness. Recently, we have demonstrated that even wearable devices, accessible to everyone, can be used for this purpose. We therefore propose how to use such approaches to test interventions in the general population. In summary, we advocate that 1) not all interventions will be beneficial for each individual and therefore 2) it is imperative that individuals track their own aging rates to assess healthy aging interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Georges E. Janssens
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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182
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Fulop T, Larbi A, Pawelec G, Cohen AA, Provost G, Khalil A, Lacombe G, Rodrigues S, Desroches M, Hirokawa K, Franceschi C, Witkowski JM. Immunosenescence and Altered Vaccine Efficiency in Older Subjects: A Myth Difficult to Change. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10040607. [PMID: 35455356 PMCID: PMC9030923 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10040607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Organismal ageing is associated with many physiological changes, including differences in the immune system of most animals. These differences are often considered to be a key cause of age-associated diseases as well as decreased vaccine responses in humans. The most often cited vaccine failure is seasonal influenza, but, while it is usually the case that the efficiency of this vaccine is lower in older than younger adults, this is not always true, and the reasons for the differential responses are manifold. Undoubtedly, changes in the innate and adaptive immune response with ageing are associated with failure to respond to the influenza vaccine, but the cause is unclear. Moreover, recent advances in vaccine formulations and adjuvants, as well as in our understanding of immune changes with ageing, have contributed to the development of vaccines, such as those against herpes zoster and SARS-CoV-2, that can protect against serious disease in older adults just as well as in younger people. In the present article, we discuss the reasons why it is a myth that vaccines inevitably protect less well in older individuals, and that vaccines represent one of the most powerful means to protect the health and ensure the quality of life of older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamas Fulop
- Research Center on Aging, Geriatric Division, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada; (A.K.); (G.L.)
- Correspondence: (T.F.); (S.R.)
| | - Anis Larbi
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Immunos Building, Singapore 138648, Singapore;
| | - Graham Pawelec
- Department of Immunology, University of Tübingen, 72072 Tübingen, Germany;
- Health Sciences North Research Institute, Sudbury, ON P3E 2H2, Canada
| | - Alan A. Cohen
- Groupe de Recherche PRIMUS, Department of Family Medicine, University of Sherbrooke, 3001 12e Ave N, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada;
| | | | - Abedelouahed Khalil
- Research Center on Aging, Geriatric Division, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada; (A.K.); (G.L.)
| | - Guy Lacombe
- Research Center on Aging, Geriatric Division, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada; (A.K.); (G.L.)
| | - Serafim Rodrigues
- Ikerbasque, The Basque Foundation for Science, 48009 Bilbao, Spain;
- BCAM—The Basque Center for Applied Mathematics, 48009 Bilbao, Spain
- Correspondence: (T.F.); (S.R.)
| | - Mathieu Desroches
- MathNeuro Team, Inria Sophia Antipolis Méditerranée, CEDEX, 06902 Sophia Antipolis, France;
- The Jean Alexandre Dieudonné Laboratory, Université Côte d’Azur, CEDEX 2, 06108 Nice, France
| | - Katsuiku Hirokawa
- Institute of Health and Life Science, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan;
| | - Claudio Franceschi
- IRCCS Institute of Neurological Sciences of Bologna, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy;
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Laboratory of Systems Biology of Healthy Aging, Lobachevsky State University, 603000 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Jacek M. Witkowski
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-210 Gdansk, Poland;
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183
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PEN2: Metformin's new partner at lysosome. Cell Res 2022; 32:507-508. [PMID: 35418220 DOI: 10.1038/s41422-022-00661-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
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184
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Teague TT, Payne SR, Kelly BT, Dempsey TM, McCoy RG, Sangaralingham LR, Limper AH. Evaluation for clinical benefit of metformin in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and type 2 diabetes mellitus: a national claims-based cohort analysis. Respir Res 2022; 23:91. [PMID: 35410255 PMCID: PMC9004115 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-022-02001-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic progressive lung disease with high morbidity and limited treatment options. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a common comorbid illness among patients with IPF and is often treated with metformin, the first-line agent in the management of T2DM. There is growing evidence demonstrating metformin’s anti-fibrotic properties; however, there is little real-world clinical data regarding its potential effectiveness in IPF. This study aims to evaluate the clinical benefit of metformin in patients with IPF and T2DM. Methods This nationwide cohort study used de-identified administrative claims data from OptumLabs® Data Warehouse to identify 3599 adults with IPF and concomitant T2DM between January 1, 2014 and June 30, 2019. Two cohorts were created: a cohort treated with metformin (n = 1377) and a cohort not treated with metformin (n = 2222). A final 1:1 propensity score-matched cohort compared 1100 patients with IPF and T2DM receiving metformin to those with both diagnoses but not receiving metformin; matching accounted for age, sex, race/ethnicity, residence region, year, medications, oxygen use, smoking status, healthcare use, and comorbidities. Outcomes were all-cause mortality (primary) and hospitalizations (secondary). Results Among 2200 patients with IPF and T2DM included in this matched analysis, metformin therapy was associated with a reduction in all-cause mortality (hazard ratio [HR], 0.46; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.36–0.58; p < 0.001) and hospitalizations (HR, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.72–0.93; p = 0.003) compared to patients not receiving metformin. Conclusions Among patients with IPF and T2DM, metformin therapy may be associated with improved clinical outcomes. However, further investigation with randomized clinical trials is necessary prior to metformin’s broad implementation in the clinical management of IPF.
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185
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Song Y, Wu Z, Zhao P. The Function of Metformin in Aging-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:865524. [PMID: 35392559 PMCID: PMC8982084 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.865524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Metformin is a widely accepted first-line hypoglycemic agent in current clinical practice, and it has been applied to the clinic for more than 60 years. Recently, researchers have identified that metformin not only has an efficient capacity to lower glucose but also exerts anti-aging effects by regulating intracellular signaling molecules. With the accelerating aging process and mankind’s desire for a long and healthy life, studies on aging have witnessed an unprecedented boom. Osteoporosis, sarcopenia, degenerative osteoarthropathy, and frailty are age-related diseases of the musculoskeletal system. The decline in motor function is a problem that many elderly people have to face, and in serious cases, they may even fail to self-care, and their quality of life will be seriously reduced. Therefore, exploring potential treatments to effectively prevent or delay the progression of aging-related diseases is essential to promote healthy aging. In this review, we first briefly describe the origin of metformin and the aging of the movement system, and next review the evidence associated with its ability to extend lifespan. Furthermore, we discuss the mechanisms related to the modulation of aging in the musculoskeletal system by metformin, mainly its contribution to bone homeostasis, muscle aging, and joint degeneration. Finally, we analyze the protective benefits of metformin in aging-related diseases of the musculoskeletal system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhong Song
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ziyi Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ping Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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186
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Vacurova E, Trnovska J, Svoboda P, Skop V, Novosadova V, Reguera DP, Petrezselyová S, Piavaux B, Endaya B, Spoutil F, Zudova D, Stursa J, Melcova M, Bielcikova Z, Werner L, Prochazka J, Sedlacek R, Huttl M, Hubackova SS, Haluzik M, Neuzil J. Mitochondrially targeted tamoxifen alleviates markers of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus in mice. Nat Commun 2022; 13:1866. [PMID: 35387987 PMCID: PMC8987092 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-29486-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus represents a major health problem with increasing prevalence worldwide. Limited efficacy of current therapies has prompted a search for novel therapeutic options. Here we show that treatment of pre-diabetic mice with mitochondrially targeted tamoxifen, a potential anti-cancer agent with senolytic activity, improves glucose tolerance and reduces body weight with most pronounced reduction of visceral adipose tissue due to reduced food intake, suppressed adipogenesis and elimination of senescent cells. Glucose-lowering effect of mitochondrially targeted tamoxifen is linked to improvement of type 2 diabetes mellitus-related hormones profile and is accompanied by reduced lipid accumulation in liver. Lower senescent cell burden in various tissues, as well as its inhibitory effect on pre-adipocyte differentiation, results in lower level of circulating inflammatory mediators that typically enhance metabolic dysfunction. Targeting senescence with mitochodrially targeted tamoxifen thus represents an approach to the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus and its related comorbidities, promising a complex impact on senescence-related pathologies in aging population of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with potential translation into the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliska Vacurova
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague-West, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslava Trnovska
- Centre for Experimental Medicine, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Svoboda
- Centre for Experimental Medicine, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Vojtech Skop
- Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Vendula Novosadova
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague-West, Czech Republic
| | - David Pajuelo Reguera
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague-West, Czech Republic
| | - Silvia Petrezselyová
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague-West, Czech Republic
| | - Benoit Piavaux
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague-West, Czech Republic
| | - Berwini Endaya
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague-West, Czech Republic
| | - Frantisek Spoutil
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague-West, Czech Republic
| | - Dagmar Zudova
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague-West, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Stursa
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague-West, Czech Republic
| | - Magdalena Melcova
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | - Lukas Werner
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague-West, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Prochazka
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague-West, Czech Republic
| | - Radislav Sedlacek
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague-West, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Huttl
- Centre for Experimental Medicine, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | - Martin Haluzik
- Diabetes Centre, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Jiri Neuzil
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague-West, Czech Republic.
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Science, Griffith University, Southport, QLD, Australia.
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187
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Intranasal metformin treatment ameliorates cognitive functions via insulin signaling pathway in ICV-STZ-induced mice model of Alzheimer's disease. Life Sci 2022; 299:120538. [PMID: 35395244 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
AIMS The relationship between type 2 diabetes and Alzheimer's disease (AD) provides evidence that insulin and insulin sensitizers may be beneficial for the treatment of AD. The present study investigated the effect and mechanism of action of intranasal metformin treatment on impaired cognitive functions in an experimental mice model of AD. MAIN METHODS Intracerebroventricularly (ICV) streptozotocin (STZ)-injected mice were treated with intranasal or oral metformin for 4 weeks. Learning and memory functions were evaluated using Morris water maze. Metformin and Aβ42 concentrations were determined by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry and ELISA respectively. The expressions of insulin receptor, Akt and their phosphorylated forms were determined in the hippocampi and cerebral cortices of mice. KEY FINDINGS ICV-STZ-induced AD mice displayed impaired learning and memory functions which were improved by metformin treatment. ICV-STZ injection or intranasal/oral metformin treatments had no effect on blood glucose concentrations. Intranasal treatment yielded higher concentration of metformin in the hippocampus and lower in the plasma compared to oral treatment. ICV-STZ injection and metformin treatments did not change amyloid β-42 concentration in the hippocampus of mice. In hippocampal and cortical tissues of ICV-STZ-induced AD mice, insulin receptor (IR) and Akt expressions were unchanged, while phosphorylated insulin receptor (pIR) and pAkt expressions decreased compared to control. Metformin treatments did not change IR and Akt expressions but increased pIR and pAkt expressions. SIGNIFICANCE The present study showed for the first time that intranasal metformin treatment improved the impaired cognitive functions through increasing insulin sensitivity in ICV-STZ-induced mice model of AD.
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188
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Effects of Cisplatin Combined with Metformin on Proliferation and Apoptosis of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Cells. COMPUTATIONAL AND MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN MEDICINE 2022; 2022:2056247. [PMID: 35422875 PMCID: PMC9005312 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2056247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is an invasive squamous cell carcinoma located in the nasopharynx. NPC has a high recurrence risk after initial treatment due to its high metastatic and immune escape potential. One study has found that metformin can improve cancer outcomes and reduce cancer incidence. Objective With antitumor activity, metformin can have low toxicity when used in combination with some common chemotherapy drugs. This study was designed to explore the effects of cisplatin combined with metformin on the proliferation and apoptosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) cells. Methods An appropriate cisplatin concentration was selected for NPC cells, and the cells were treated with metformin at a gradient concentration, and then, some of them were treated with cisplatin. Subsequently, the biological effects (activity, migration, invasion, and apoptosis) of metformin alone and metformin combined with cisplatin on NPC cells were evaluated. Results Metformin alone inhibited cell activity, migration, and invasion and promoted cell apoptosis in a concentration-dependent and time-dependent manner, while compared with cisplatin alone, cisplatin combined with metformin had stronger inhibition on cell activity, migration, and invasion and stronger induction to cell apoptosis, and a higher concentration of them demonstrated stronger effects. Conclusion Cisplatin combined with metformin can strongly inhibit the activity of NPC cells and promote their apoptosis.
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189
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Senotherapeutics in Cancer and HIV. Cells 2022; 11:cells11071222. [PMID: 35406785 PMCID: PMC8997781 DOI: 10.3390/cells11071222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular senescence is a stress-response mechanism that contributes to homeostasis maintenance, playing a beneficial role during embryogenesis and in normal adult organisms. In contrast, chronic senescence activation may be responsible for other events such as age-related disorders, HIV and cancer development. Cellular senescence activation can be triggered by different insults. Regardless of the inducer, there are several phenotypes generally shared among senescent cells: cell division arrest, an aberrant shape, increased size, high granularity because of increased numbers of lysosomes and vacuoles, apoptosis resistance, defective metabolism and some chromatin alterations. Senescent cells constitute an important area for research due to their contributions to the pathogenesis of different diseases such as frailty, sarcopenia and aging-related diseases, including cancer and HIV infection, which show an accelerated aging. Hence, a new pharmacological category of treatments called senotherapeutics is under development. This group includes senolytic drugs that selectively attack senescent cells and senostatic drugs that suppress SASP factor delivery, inhibiting senescent cell development. These new drugs can have positive therapeutic effects on aging-related disorders and act in cancer as antitumor drugs, avoiding the undesired effects of senescent cells such as those from SASP. Here, we review senotherapeutics and how they might affect cancer and HIV disease, two very different aging-related diseases, and review some compounds acting as senolytics in clinical trials.
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190
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Kulkarni AS, Aleksic S, Berger DM, Sierra F, Kuchel G, Barzilai N. Geroscience-guided repurposing of FDA-approved drugs to target aging: A proposed process and prioritization. Aging Cell 2022; 21:e13596. [PMID: 35343051 PMCID: PMC9009114 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Common chronic diseases represent the greatest driver of rising healthcare costs, as well as declining function, independence, and quality of life. Geroscience-guided approaches seek to delay the onset and progression of multiple chronic conditions by targeting fundamental biological pathways of aging. This approach is more likely to improve overall health and function in old age than treating individual diseases, by addressing aging the largest and mostly ignored risk factor for the leading causes of morbidity in older adults. Nevertheless, challenges in repurposing existing and moving newly discovered interventions from the bench to clinical care have impeded the progress of this potentially transformational paradigm shift. In this article, we propose the creation of a standardized process for evaluating FDA-approved medications for their geroscience potential. Criteria for systematically evaluating the existing literature that spans from animal models to human studies will permit the prioritization of efforts and financial investments for translating geroscience and allow immediate progress on the design of the next Targeting Aging with MEtformin (TAME)-like study involving such candidate gerotherapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ameya S. Kulkarni
- Institute for Aging ResearchAlbert Einstein College of MedicineBronxNew YorkUSA
- Present address:
AbbVie Inc.North ChicagoIL60064USA.
| | - Sandra Aleksic
- Department of Medicine (Endocrinology and Geriatrics)Albert Einstein College of MedicineBronxNew YorkUSA
| | - David M. Berger
- Department of Medicine (Hospital Medicine)Montefiore Medical Center and Albert Einstein College of MedicineBronxNew YorkUSA
| | - Felipe Sierra
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de ToulouseToulouseFrance
| | - George A. Kuchel
- UConn Center on AgingUniversity of Connecticut School of MedicineFarmingtonConnecticutUSA
| | - Nir Barzilai
- Institute for Aging ResearchAlbert Einstein College of MedicineBronxNew YorkUSA
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191
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Abstract
Biology of aging is an active and rapidly expanding area of biomedical research. Over the years, focus of work in this field has been gradually shifting from studying the effects and symptoms of aging to searching for mechanisms of the aging process. Progress of this work led to an additional shift from looking for "the mechanism" of aging and formulating the corresponding "theories of aging" to appreciation that aging represents a net result of multiple physiological changes and their intricate interactions. It was also shown that mechanisms of aging include nutrient-dependent signaling pathways which have been remarkably conserved in the course of the evolution. Another important development in this field is increased emphasis on searching for pharmacological and environmental interventions that can extend healthspan or influence other aspects of aging. Progress in understanding the key role of aging as a risk factor for chronic disease provides impetus for these studies. Data from the recent pandemic provided additional evidence for the impact of age on resilience. Progress of work in this area also was influenced by major analytical and technological advances, including greatly improved methods for the study of gene expression, protein, lipids, and metabolites profiles, enhanced ability to produce various genetic modifications and novel approaches to assessment of biological age. Progress in research on the biology of aging provides reasons for optimism about the chances that safe and widely applicable anti-aging interventions with significant benefits for both individual and public health will be developed in the not too distant future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej Bartke
- Department of Internal Medicine, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, 801 N. Rutledge St., P. O. Box 19628, Springfield, IL, 62794-9628, USA.
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192
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Justice JN, Pajewski NM, Espeland MA, Brubaker P, Houston DK, Marcovina S, Nicklas BJ, Kritchevsky SB, Kitzman DW. Evaluation of a blood-based geroscience biomarker index in a randomized trial of caloric restriction and exercise in older adults with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. GeroScience 2022; 44:983-995. [PMID: 35013909 PMCID: PMC9135899 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-021-00509-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Intermediate endpoints are needed to evaluate the effect of interventions targeting the biology of aging in clinical trials. A working group identified five blood-based biomarkers that may serve such a purpose as an integrated index. We evaluated the responsiveness of the panel to caloric restriction or aerobic exercise in the context of a randomized clinical trial conducted in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) with obese phenotype who were predominantly female. Obese HFpEF is highly prevalent in women, and is a geriatric syndrome whose disease pathology is driven by non-cardiac factors and shared drivers of aging. We measured serum Interleukin-6, TNF-α-receptor-I, growth differentiating factor-15, cystatin C, and N-terminal pro-b-type natriuretic peptide at baseline and after 20 weeks in older participants with stable obese HFpEF participating in a randomized, controlled, 2 × 2 factorial trial of caloric restriction and/or aerobic exercise. We calculated a composite biomarker index, summing baseline quintile scores for each biomarker, and analyzed the effect of the interventions on the index and individual biomarkers and their associations with changes in physical performance. This post hoc analysis included 88 randomized participants (71 women [81%]). The mean ± SD age was 66.6 ± 5.3 years, and body mass index (BMI) was 39.3 ± 6.3 kg/m2. Using mixed models, mean values of the biomarker index improved over 20 weeks with caloric restriction (- 0.82 [Formula: see text] 0.58 points, p = 0.05), but not with exercise (- 0.28 [Formula: see text] 0.59 points, p = [Formula: see text]), with no evidence of an interaction effect of CR [Formula: see text] EX [Formula: see text] time (p = 0.80) with adjustment for age, gender, and BMI. At baseline, the biomarker index was inversely correlated with 6-min walk distance, scores on the short physical performance battery, treadmill test peak workload and exercise time to exhaustion (all [Formula: see text] s = between - 0.21 and - 0.24). A reduction in the biomarker index was also associated with increased 4-m usual walk speed ([Formula: see text] s = - 0.31). Among older patients with chronic obese HFpEF, caloric restriction improved a biomarker index designed to reflect biological aging. Moreover, the index was associated with physical performance and exercise tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie N Justice
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section On Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.
| | - Nicholas M Pajewski
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Mark A Espeland
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section On Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Peter Brubaker
- Department of Health and Exercise Science at Wake, Forest University in Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Denise K Houston
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section On Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | | | - Barbara J Nicklas
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section On Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Stephen B Kritchevsky
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section On Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Dalane W Kitzman
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section On Cardiology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
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193
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Schork NJ, Beaulieu-Jones B, Liang W, Smalley S, Goetz LH. Does Modulation of an Epigenetic Clock Define a Geroprotector? ADVANCES IN GERIATRIC MEDICINE AND RESEARCH 2022; 4:e220002. [PMID: 35466328 PMCID: PMC9022671 DOI: 10.20900/agmr20220002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
There is growing interest in the development of interventions (e.g., drugs, diets, dietary supplements, behavioral therapies, etc.) that can enhance health during the aging process, prevent or delay multiple age-related diseases, and ultimately extend lifespan. However, proving that such 'geroprotectors' do what they are hypothesized to do in relevant clinical trials is not trivial. We briefly discuss some of the more salient issues surrounding the design and interpretation of clinical trials of geroprotectors, including, importantly, how one defines a geroprotector. We also discuss whether emerging surrogate endpoints, such as epigenetic clocks, should be treated as primary or secondary endpoints in such trials. Simply put, geroprotectors should provide overt health and disease prevention benefits but the time-dependent relationships between epigenetic clocks and health-related phenomena are complex and in need of further scrutiny. Therefore, studies that enable understanding of the relationships between epigenetic clocks and disease processes while simultaneously testing the efficacy of a candidate geroprotector are crucial to move the field forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas J. Schork
- Department of Quantitative Medicine, The Translational Genomics Research Institute (TGen), 445 North Fifth Street, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA
- Net.bio Inc, Los Angeles, CA 90403, USA
| | - Brett Beaulieu-Jones
- Net.bio Inc, Los Angeles, CA 90403, USA
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02115, USA
| | | | - Susan Smalley
- Net.bio Inc, Los Angeles, CA 90403, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, The University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Laura H. Goetz
- Department of Quantitative Medicine, The Translational Genomics Research Institute (TGen), 445 North Fifth Street, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA
- Net.bio Inc, Los Angeles, CA 90403, USA
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194
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Fischer F, Grigolon G, Benner C, Ristow M. Evolutionarily conserved transcription factors as regulators of longevity and targets for geroprotection. Physiol Rev 2022; 102:1449-1494. [PMID: 35343830 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00017.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is the single largest risk factor for many debilitating conditions, including heart diseases, stroke, cancer, diabetes, and neurodegenerative disorders. While far from understood in its full complexity, it is scientifically well-established that aging is influenced by genetic and environmental factors, and can be modulated by various interventions. One of aging's early hallmarks are aberrations in transcriptional networks, controlling for example metabolic homeostasis or the response to stress. Evidence in different model organisms abounds that a number of evolutionarily conserved transcription factors, which control such networks, can affect lifespan and healthspan across species. These transcription factors thus potentially represent conserved regulators of longevity and are emerging as important targets in the challenging quest to develop treatments to mitigate age-related diseases, and possibly even to slow aging itself. This review provides an overview of evolutionarily conserved transcription factors that impact longevity or age-related diseases in at least one multicellular model organism (nematodes, flies, or mice), and/or are tentatively linked to human aging. Discussed is the general evidence for transcriptional regulation of aging and disease, followed by a more detailed look at selected transcription factor families, the common metabolic pathways involved, and the targeting of transcription factors as a strategy for geroprotective interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Fischer
- Energy Metabolism Laboratory, Institute of Translational Medicine, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zurich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Giovanna Grigolon
- Energy Metabolism Laboratory, Institute of Translational Medicine, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zurich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Christoph Benner
- Energy Metabolism Laboratory, Institute of Translational Medicine, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zurich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Michael Ristow
- Energy Metabolism Laboratory, Institute of Translational Medicine, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zurich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
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195
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McElroy GS, Chakrabarty RP, D'Alessandro KB, Hu YS, Vasan K, Tan J, Stoolman JS, Weinberg SE, Steinert EM, Reyfman PA, Singer BD, Ladiges WC, Gao L, Lopéz-Barneo J, Ridge K, Budinger GRS, Chandel NS. Reduced expression of mitochondrial complex I subunit Ndufs2 does not impact healthspan in mice. Sci Rep 2022; 12:5196. [PMID: 35338200 PMCID: PMC8956724 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-09074-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging in mammals leads to reduction in genes encoding the 45-subunit mitochondrial electron transport chain complex I. It has been hypothesized that normal aging and age-related diseases such as Parkinson’s disease are in part due to modest decrease in expression of mitochondrial complex I subunits. By contrast, diminishing expression of mitochondrial complex I genes in lower organisms increases lifespan. Furthermore, metformin, a putative complex I inhibitor, increases healthspan in mice and humans. In the present study, we investigated whether loss of one allele of Ndufs2, the catalytic subunit of mitochondrial complex I, impacts healthspan and lifespan in mice. Our results indicate that Ndufs2 hemizygous mice (Ndufs2+/−) show no overt impairment in aging-related motor function, learning, tissue histology, organismal metabolism, or sensitivity to metformin in a C57BL6/J background. Despite a significant reduction of Ndufs2 mRNA, the mice do not demonstrate a significant decrease in complex I function. However, there are detectable transcriptomic changes in individual cell types and tissues due to loss of one allele of Ndufs2. Our data indicate that a 50% decline in mRNA of the core mitochondrial complex I subunit Ndufs2 is neither beneficial nor detrimental to healthspan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory S McElroy
- Department of Medicine Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ram P Chakrabarty
- Department of Medicine Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Karis B D'Alessandro
- Department of Medicine Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Yuan-Shih Hu
- Department of Medicine Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Karthik Vasan
- Department of Medicine Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jerica Tan
- Department of Medicine Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Joshua S Stoolman
- Department of Medicine Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Samuel E Weinberg
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Elizabeth M Steinert
- Department of Medicine Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Paul A Reyfman
- Department of Medicine Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Benjamin D Singer
- Department of Medicine Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Warren C Ladiges
- Department of Comparative Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Lin Gao
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, CSIC, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain.,Departamento de Fisiología Médica y Biofísica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - José Lopéz-Barneo
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, CSIC, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain.,Departamento de Fisiología Médica y Biofísica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Karen Ridge
- Department of Medicine Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - G R Scott Budinger
- Department of Medicine Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Navdeep S Chandel
- Department of Medicine Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA. .,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.
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196
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Teissier T, Temkin V, Pollak RD, Cox LS. Crosstalk Between Senescent Bone Cells and the Bone Tissue Microenvironment Influences Bone Fragility During Chronological Age and in Diabetes. Front Physiol 2022; 13:812157. [PMID: 35388291 PMCID: PMC8978545 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.812157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone is a complex organ serving roles in skeletal support and movement, and is a source of blood cells including adaptive and innate immune cells. Structural and functional integrity is maintained through a balance between bone synthesis and bone degradation, dependent in part on mechanical loading but also on signaling and influences of the tissue microenvironment. Bone structure and the extracellular bone milieu change with age, predisposing to osteoporosis and increased fracture risk, and this is exacerbated in patients with diabetes. Such changes can include loss of bone mineral density, deterioration in micro-architecture, as well as decreased bone flexibility, through alteration of proteinaceous bone support structures, and accumulation of senescent cells. Senescence is a state of proliferation arrest accompanied by marked morphological and metabolic changes. It is driven by cellular stress and serves an important acute tumor suppressive mechanism when followed by immune-mediated senescent cell clearance. However, aging and pathological conditions including diabetes are associated with accumulation of senescent cells that generate a pro-inflammatory and tissue-destructive secretome (the SASP). The SASP impinges on the tissue microenvironment with detrimental local and systemic consequences; senescent cells are thought to contribute to the multimorbidity associated with advanced chronological age. Here, we assess factors that promote bone fragility, in the context both of chronological aging and accelerated aging in progeroid syndromes and in diabetes, including senescence-dependent alterations in the bone tissue microenvironment, and glycation changes to the tissue microenvironment that stimulate RAGE signaling, a process that is accelerated in diabetic patients. Finally, we discuss therapeutic interventions targeting RAGE signaling and cell senescence that show promise in improving bone health in older people and those living with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thibault Teissier
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Vladislav Temkin
- Division of Medicine, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Rivka Dresner Pollak
- Division of Medicine, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Lynne S. Cox
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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197
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Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension is an enigmatic, deleterious disease driven by multiple heterogeneous causes with a burgeoning proportion of older patients with complex, chronic comorbidities without adequate treatment options. The underlying endothelial pathophenotypes that direct vasoconstriction and panvascular remodeling remain both controversial and incompletely defined. This review discusses emerging concepts centered on endothelial senescence in pulmonary vascular disease. This principle proposes a more heterogeneous, dynamic pulmonary endothelium in disease; it provides a potentially unifying feature of endothelial dysfunction in pulmonary hypertension irrespective of cause; and it supports a clinically relevant link between aging and pulmonary hypertension like other chronic illnesses. Thus, taking cues from studies on aging and age-related diseases, we present possible opportunities and barriers to diagnostic and therapeutic targeting of senescence in pulmonary hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miranda K Culley
- Center for Pulmonary Vascular Biology and Medicine, Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA
| | - Stephen Y Chan
- Center for Pulmonary Vascular Biology and Medicine, Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA
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198
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García-Puga M, Saenz-Antoñanzas A, Matheu A, López de Munain A. Targeting Myotonic Dystrophy Type 1 with Metformin. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23052901. [PMID: 35270043 PMCID: PMC8910924 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) is a multisystemic disorder of genetic origin. Progressive muscular weakness, atrophy and myotonia are its most prominent neuromuscular features, while additional clinical manifestations in multiple organs are also common. Overall, DM1 features resemble accelerated aging. There is currently no cure or specific treatment for myotonic dystrophy patients. However, in recent years a great effort has been made to identify potential new therapeutic strategies for DM1 patients. Metformin is a biguanide antidiabetic drug, with potential to delay aging at cellular and organismal levels. In DM1, different studies revealed that metformin rescues multiple phenotypes of the disease. This review provides an overview of recent findings describing metformin as a novel therapy to combat DM1 and their link with aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikel García-Puga
- Neuromuscular Diseases Group, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, 20014 San Sebastian, Spain;
- Cellular Oncology Group, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, 20014 San Sebastian, Spain;
- Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED-CIBER), Carlos III Institute, 28031 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ander Saenz-Antoñanzas
- Cellular Oncology Group, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, 20014 San Sebastian, Spain;
| | - Ander Matheu
- Cellular Oncology Group, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, 20014 San Sebastian, Spain;
- Basque Foundation for Science (IKERBASQUE), 48009 Bilbao, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERfes), Carlos III Institute, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: (A.M.); (A.L.d.M.); Tel.: +34-943-006-073 (A.M.); +34-943-006-294 (A.L.d.M.)
| | - Adolfo López de Munain
- Neuromuscular Diseases Group, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, 20014 San Sebastian, Spain;
- Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED-CIBER), Carlos III Institute, 28031 Madrid, Spain
- Neurology Department, Donostia University Hospital, OSAKIDETZA, 20014 San Sebastian, Spain
- Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine and Nursery, University of the Basque Country, 20014 San Sebastian, Spain
- Correspondence: (A.M.); (A.L.d.M.); Tel.: +34-943-006-073 (A.M.); +34-943-006-294 (A.L.d.M.)
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199
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Ferri-Guerra J, Aparicio-Ugarriza R, Mohammed YN, Ysea O, Florez H, Ruiz JG. Propensity Score Matching to Determine the Impact of Metformin on All-Cause Mortality in Older Veterans with Diabetes Mellitus. South Med J 2022; 115:208-213. [PMID: 35237840 DOI: 10.14423/smj.0000000000001363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine whether metformin is associated with reduced all-cause mortality in older adults with diabetes mellitus as compared with insulin or sulfonylureas, and to evaluate whether the metformin cumulative exposure followed a dose-response relation. METHODS Retrospective cohort study with propensity score matching in veterans 65 years old and older with diabetes mellitus. Patients who had new prescriptions for metformin were matched for demographic and clinical factors with patients receiving new prescriptions for insulin or sulfonylureas using propensity score matching. All-cause mortality risks were compared between metformin and insulin/sulfonylureas using multivariate Cox regression models. A similar approach was used for tertiles of cumulative metformin doses. RESULTS A sample of 174 veterans taking metformin was matched with 174 who took insulin/sulfonylureas. Most patients were men (97.4%), White (80.45%), and their mean ± standard deviation age was 69.15 ± 7.65 years. Metformin exposure was associated with reduced risk of all-cause mortality (hazard ratio 0.57, 95% confidence interval 0.39-0.84, P = 0.005). The upper tertile of cumulative metformin exposure was associated with lower all-cause mortality in the fully adjusted model (hazard ratio 0.28, 95% confidence interval 0.10-0.77, P = 0.013). CONCLUSIONS This propensity matching study shows that metformin exposure is associated with a lower risk of all-cause mortality. Higher metformin cumulative exposure seems to reduce the risk of all-cause mortality in older veterans with diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Ferri-Guerra
- From the Miami VA Healthcare System Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center (GRECC), Miami, Florida
| | - Raquel Aparicio-Ugarriza
- From the Miami VA Healthcare System Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center (GRECC), Miami, Florida
| | - Y Nadeem Mohammed
- From the Miami VA Healthcare System Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center (GRECC), Miami, Florida
| | - Otoniel Ysea
- From the Miami VA Healthcare System Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center (GRECC), Miami, Florida
| | - Hermes Florez
- From the Miami VA Healthcare System Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center (GRECC), Miami, Florida
| | - Jorge G Ruiz
- From the Miami VA Healthcare System Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center (GRECC), Miami, Florida
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200
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Role of senescence in the chronic health consequences of COVID-19. Transl Res 2022; 241:96-108. [PMID: 34695606 PMCID: PMC8532377 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2021.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
While the full impact of COVID-19 is not yet clear, early studies have indicated that upwards of 10% of patients experience COVID-19 symptoms longer than 3 weeks, known as Long-Hauler's Syndrome or PACS (postacute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection). There is little known about risk factors or predictors of susceptibility for Long-Hauler's Syndrome, but older adults are at greater risk for severe outcomes and mortality from COVID-19. The pillars of aging (including cellular senescence, telomere dysfunction, impaired proteostasis, mitochondrial dysfunction, deregulated nutrient sensing, genomic instability, progenitor cell exhaustion, altered intercellular communication, and epigenetic alterations) that contribute to age-related dysfunction and chronic diseases (the "Geroscience Hypothesis") may interfere with defenses against viral infection and consequences of these infections. Heightening of the low-grade inflammation that is associated with aging may generate an exaggerated response to an acute COVID-19 infection. Innate immune system dysfunction that leads to decreased senescent cell removal and/or increased senescent cell formation could contribute to accumulation of senescent cells with both aging and viral infections. These processes may contribute to increased risk for long-term COVID-19 sequelae in older or chronically ill patients. Hence, senolytics and other geroscience interventions that may prolong healthspan and alleviate chronic diseases and multimorbidity linked to fundamental aging processes might be an option for delaying, preventing, or alleviating Long-Hauler's Syndrome.
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Key Words
- ampk, amp-activated protein kinase
- covid-19, coronavirus disease 2019
- covid-fis, a phase 2 placebo-controlled pilot study in covid-19 of fisetin to alleviate dysfunction and excessive inflammatory response in older adults in nursing homes
- cr, caloric restriction
- fga, facility for geroscience analysis
- icu, intensive care unit
- if, intermittent fasting
- ltcf, long-term care facility
- mcc, multiple chronic conditions
- mers-cov, middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus
- mtor, mammalian target of rapamycin
- nad+, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide
- nmn, nicotinamide mononucleotide
- nr, nicotinamide riboside
- pacs, postacute sequalae of sars-cov-2 infection
- pamps, pathogen-associated molecular profile factors
- ros, reactive oxygen species
- sars, severe acute respiratory syndrome
- sars-cov-1, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 1
- sars-cov-2, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
- sasp, senescence-associated secretory phenotype
- snf, skilled nursing facility
- tgn, translational geroscience network
- who, world health organization
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