151
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Li D, Liu Q, Lu X, Li Z, Wang C, Leung CH, Wang Y, Peng C, Lin L. α-Mangostin remodels visceral adipose tissue inflammation to ameliorate age-related metabolic disorders in mice. Aging (Albany NY) 2019; 11:11084-11110. [PMID: 31806859 PMCID: PMC6932911 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Low-grade chronic adipose tissue inflammation contributes to the onset and development of aging-related insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. In the current study, α-mangostin, a xanthone isolated from mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana), was identified to ameliorate lipopolysaccharides-induced acute adipose tissue inflammation in mice, by reducing the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. In a cohort of young (3 months) and old (18-20 months) mice, α-mangostin mitigated aging-associated adiposity, hyperlipidemia, and insulin resistance. Further study showed that α-mangostin alleviated aging-related adipose tissue inflammation by reducing macrophage content and shifting pro-inflammatory macrophage polarization. Moreover, α-mangostin protected the old mice against liver injury through suppressing the secretion of microRNA-155-5p from macrophages. The above results demonstrated that α-mangostin represents a new scaffold to alleviate adipose tissue inflammation, which might be a novel candidate to treat aging-related metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.,State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Qianyu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Xiuqiang Lu
- Fuqing Branch of Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zhengqiu Li
- School of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chunming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Chung-Hang Leung
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Yitao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Cheng Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ligen Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China.,State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
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152
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Gao S, Li L, Li L, Ni J, Guo R, Mao J, Fan G. Effects of the combination of tanshinone IIA and puerarin on cardiac function and inflammatory response in myocardial ischemia mice. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2019; 137:59-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2019.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Revised: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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153
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Babuta M, Furi I, Bala S, Bukong TN, Lowe P, Catalano D, Calenda C, Kodys K, Szabo G. Dysregulated Autophagy and Lysosome Function Are Linked to Exosome Production by Micro-RNA 155 in Alcoholic Liver Disease. Hepatology 2019; 70:2123-2141. [PMID: 31090940 PMCID: PMC7453183 DOI: 10.1002/hep.30766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Cellular homeostais, that is normally maintained through autophagy, is disrupted in alcoholic liver disease (ALD). Because autophagy and exosome biogenesis share common elements, we hypothesized that increased exosome production in ALD may be linked to disruption of autophagic function. We found impaired autophagy both in ALD and alcoholic hepatitis (AH) mouse models and human livers with ALD as indicated by increased hepatic p62 and LC3-II levels. Alcohol reduced autophagy flux in vivo in chloroquine-treated mice as well as in vitro in hepatocytes and macrophages treated with bafilomycin A. Our results revealed that alcohol targets multiple steps in the autophagy pathway. Alcohol-related decrease in mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) and Ras homolog enriched in brain (Rheb), that initiate autophagy, correlated with increased Beclin1 and autophagy-related protein 7 (Atg7), proteins involved in phagophore-autophagosome formation, in ALD. We found that alcohol disrupted autophagy function at the lysosomal level through decreased lysosomal-associated membrane protein 1 (LAMP1) and lysosomal-associated membrane protein 2 (LAMP2) in livers with ALD. We identified that micro-RNA 155 (miR-155), that is increased by alcohol, targets mTOR, Rheb, LAMP1, and LAMP2 in the authophagy pathway. Consistent with this, miR-155-deficient mice were protected from alcohol-induced disruption of autophagy and showed attenuated exosome production. Mechanistically, down-regulation of LAMP1 or LAMP2 increased exosome release in hepatocytes and macrophages in the presence and absence of alcohol. These results suggested that the alcohol-induced increase in exosome production was linked to disruption of autophagy and impaired autophagosome and lysosome function. Conclusion: Alcohol affects multiple genes in the autophagy pathway and impairs autophagic flux at the lysosome level in ALD. Inhibition of LAMP1 and LAMP2 promotes exosome release in ALD. We identified miR-155 as a mediator of alcohol-related regulation of autophagy and exosome production in hepatocytes and macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mrigya Babuta
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA
| | - Istvan Furi
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA
| | - Shashi Bala
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA
| | - Terence N Bukong
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA
| | - Patrick Lowe
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA
| | - Donna Catalano
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA
| | - Charles Calenda
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA
| | - Karen Kodys
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA
| | - Gyongyi Szabo
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA
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154
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Klieser E, Mayr C, Kiesslich T, Wissniowski T, Fazio PD, Neureiter D, Ocker M. The Crosstalk of miRNA and Oxidative Stress in the Liver: From Physiology to Pathology and Clinical Implications. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20215266. [PMID: 31652839 PMCID: PMC6862076 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20215266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The liver is the central metabolic organ of mammals. In humans, most diseases of the liver are primarily caused by an unhealthy lifestyle-high fat diet, drug and alcohol consumption- or due to infections and exposure to toxic substances like aflatoxin or other environmental factors. All these noxae cause changes in the metabolism of functional cells in the liver. In this literature review we focus on the changes at the miRNA level, the formation and impact of reactive oxygen species and the crosstalk between those factors. Both, miRNAs and oxidative stress are involved in the multifactorial development and progression of acute and chronic liver diseases, as well as in viral hepatitis and carcinogenesis, by influencing numerous signaling and metabolic pathways. Furthermore, expression patterns of miRNAs and antioxidants can be used for biomonitoring the course of disease and show potential to serve as possible therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eckhard Klieser
- Institute of Pathology, Paracelsus Medical University/Salzburger Landeskliniken (SALK), 5020 Salzburg, Austria.
- Cancer Cluster Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria.
| | - Christian Mayr
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Paracelsus Medical University/Salzburger Landeskliniken (SALK), 5020 Salzburg, Austria.
- Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Paracelsus Medical University/Salzburger Landeskliniken (SALK), 5020 Salzburg, Austria.
| | - Tobias Kiesslich
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Paracelsus Medical University/Salzburger Landeskliniken (SALK), 5020 Salzburg, Austria.
- Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Paracelsus Medical University/Salzburger Landeskliniken (SALK), 5020 Salzburg, Austria.
| | - Till Wissniowski
- Department of Gastroenterology and Endocrinology, Philipps University Marburg, 35043 Marburg, Germany.
| | - Pietro Di Fazio
- Department of Visceral, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Philipps University Marburg, 35043 Marburg, Germany.
| | - Daniel Neureiter
- Institute of Pathology, Paracelsus Medical University/Salzburger Landeskliniken (SALK), 5020 Salzburg, Austria.
- Cancer Cluster Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria.
| | - Matthias Ocker
- Translational Medicine Oncology, Bayer AG, 13353 Berlin, Germany.
- Department of Gastroenterology CBF, Charité University Medicine Berlin, 12200 Berlin, Germany.
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155
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Huang PS, Wang CS, Yeh CT, Lin KH. Roles of Thyroid Hormone-Associated microRNAs Affecting Oxidative Stress in Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E5220. [PMID: 31640265 PMCID: PMC6834183 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20205220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Revised: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress occurs as a result of imbalance between the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidant genes in cells, causing damage to lipids, proteins, and DNA. Accumulating damage of cellular components can trigger various diseases, including metabolic syndrome and cancer. Over the past few years, the physiological significance of microRNAs (miRNA) in cancer has been a focus of comprehensive research. In view of the extensive level of miRNA interference in biological processes, the roles of miRNAs in oxidative stress and their relevance in physiological processes have recently become a subject of interest. In-depth research is underway to specifically address the direct or indirect relationships of oxidative stress-induced miRNAs in liver cancer and the potential involvement of the thyroid hormone in these processes. While studies on thyroid hormone in liver cancer are abundantly documented, no conclusive information on the potential relationships among thyroid hormone, specific miRNAs, and oxidative stress in liver cancer is available. In this review, we discuss the effects of thyroid hormone on oxidative stress-related miRNAs that potentially have a positive or negative impact on liver cancer. Additionally, supporting evidence from clinical and animal experiments is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Shuan Huang
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Chang-Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan.
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang-Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan.
| | - Chia-Siu Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi 61363, Taiwan.
| | - Chau-Ting Yeh
- Liver Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan.
| | - Kwang-Huei Lin
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Chang-Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan.
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang-Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan.
- Liver Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan.
- Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan.
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156
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Saha B, Tornai D, Kodys K, Adejumo A, Lowe P, McClain C, Mitchell M, McCullough A, Srinivasan D, Kroll-Desrosiers A, Barton B, Radaeva S, Szabo G. Biomarkers of Macrophage Activation and Immune Danger Signals Predict Clinical Outcomes in Alcoholic Hepatitis. Hepatology 2019; 70:1134-1149. [PMID: 30891779 PMCID: PMC6752989 DOI: 10.1002/hep.30617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Although mortality due to acute alcoholic hepatitis (AH) correlates with Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) scores, biomarkers are critically needed to manage this disease. Increases in inflammatory markers and macrophage activation are associated with acute AH and could be potential biomarkers of clinical events and/or mortality. We enrolled 89 clinically diagnosed AH patients in four US academic medical centers. Plasma from AH patients had a significant increase in gut microbial translocation indicators (endotoxin, bacterial 16S ribosomal DNA) and host response indicators (soluble cluster of differentiation 14 [sCD14] and lipopolysaccharide binding protein [LBP]) compared to controls. Patient MELD score and Glasgow Alcoholic Hepatitis score (GAHS) correlated with endotoxin levels. AH patients also had a significant increase in high mobility group protein 1 (HMGB1), a sterile danger signal molecule, and osteopontin (OPN), a multifunctional phosphoprotein involved in neutrophil activation, compared to controls. Increased levels of OPN positively correlated with increasing MELD score, GAHS, and LBP levels. Consistent with these results, AH patients had significantly increased circulating levels of macrophage activation (sCD163 and sCD206) markers compared to healthy controls, and sCD163 and sCD206 significantly and positively correlated with OPN, HMGB1, and LBP levels as well as with MELD score and GAHS. These findings indicate a connection between microbial translocation, immune cell activation, and AH severity. Plasma sCD14, OPN, sCD163, and sCD206 levels were significantly higher in nonsurvivors than survivors. In multivariate regression models, we identified sCD14, sCD163, and OPN as independent predictors of 90-day mortality, infection, and organ failure development, respectively. Conclusion: Our study suggests that sCD14, LBP, OPN, sCD163, and sCD206 are biomarkers to indicate severity and predict clinical outcomes in AH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Banishree Saha
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA
| | - David Tornai
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA
| | - Karen Kodys
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA
| | - Adeyinka Adejumo
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA
| | - Patrick Lowe
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA
| | - Craig McClain
- Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY
| | - Mack Mitchell
- Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | | | | | - Aimee Kroll-Desrosiers
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA
| | - Bruce Barton
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA
| | - Svetlana Radaeva
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, MD
| | - Gyongyi Szabo
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA
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157
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Chang N, Duan X, Zhao Z, Tian L, Ji X, Yang L, Li L. Both HuR and miR-29s regulate expression of CB1 involved in infiltration of bone marrow monocyte/macrophage in chronic liver injury. J Cell Physiol 2019; 235:2532-2544. [PMID: 31495934 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Bone marrow-derived monocytes/macrophages (BMMs) play a vital role in liver inflammation and fibrogenesis. Cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1) mediates the recruitment of BMMs into the injured liver. In this study, we revealed the molecular mechanisms under CB1-mediated BMM infiltration. Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4 ) was employed to induce mouse liver injury. In vivo, human antigen R (HuR) was upregulated in macrophages of injured liver. HuR messenger RNA (mRNA) expression was positively correlated with CB1 and F4/80 mRNA expression. Furthermore, we detected the binding between HuR and CB1 mRNA in CCl4 -treated livers. In vitro, HuR modulated arachidonyl-2'-chloroethylamide (ACEA, CB1 agonist)-induced BMM migration by regulating CB1 expression. HuR promoted CB1 expression via binding to CB1 mRNA. ACEA promoted the association between HuR and CB1 mRNA via inducing HuR nucleoplasmic transport. In the cytoplasm, HuR competed with the miR-29 family to improve CB1 expression and BMM migration. In conclusion, our results prove that HuR regulates CB1 expression and influences ACEA-induced BMM migration by competing with miR-29 family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Chang
- Department of Cell Biology, Municipal Laboratory for Liver Protection and Regulation of Regeneration, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xianghui Duan
- Department of Cell Biology, Municipal Laboratory for Liver Protection and Regulation of Regeneration, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhongxin Zhao
- Department of Cell Biology, Municipal Laboratory for Liver Protection and Regulation of Regeneration, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Tian
- Department of Cell Biology, Municipal Laboratory for Liver Protection and Regulation of Regeneration, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaofang Ji
- Department of Cell Biology, Municipal Laboratory for Liver Protection and Regulation of Regeneration, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Yang
- Department of Cell Biology, Municipal Laboratory for Liver Protection and Regulation of Regeneration, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Liying Li
- Department of Cell Biology, Municipal Laboratory for Liver Protection and Regulation of Regeneration, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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158
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Li HD, Du XS, Huang HM, Chen X, Yang Y, Huang C, Meng XM, Li J. Noncoding RNAs in alcoholic liver disease. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:14709-14720. [PMID: 30701547 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Revised: 01/01/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is a complex process with high morbitity and can cause liver dysfunction, which contains a wide spectrum of hepatic lesions, including steatohepatitis, fibrosis, cirrhosis, and eventually hepatocellular carcinoma. To date, the molecular mechanisms for ALD have not been fully explored and an effective therapy is still missing. Overwhelming evidence shows dysregulation of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), particularly microRNAs (miRNAs), is correlated with etiopathogenesis and progress of ALD including hepatocyte damage, disrupted lipid metabolism, aggressive inflammatory responses, oxidative stress, programmed cell death, fibrosis, and epigenetic changes induced by alcohol. For example, circulating miRNA-122 is a marker of hepatocyte damage, and miRNA-155 is a potential marker of inflammation, indicating their diagnosis therapeutic potential in ALD. In addition, roles for long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and circular RNAs in ALD are being uncovered. Further, circulating ncRNAs and exosome-derived ncRNAs have attracted more attention lately, suggesting a role in the prevention and treatment of ALD. This review covers the roles of ncRNAs in ALD, and the potential uses as markers for diagnosis and therapeutic options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Di Li
- The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.,The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory of Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China.,Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Anhui Key Laboratory of Bioactivity of Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xiao-Sa Du
- The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.,The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory of Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China.,Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Anhui Key Laboratory of Bioactivity of Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Hui-Min Huang
- The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.,The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory of Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China.,Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Anhui Key Laboratory of Bioactivity of Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xin Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.,The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory of Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China.,Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Anhui Key Laboratory of Bioactivity of Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yang Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.,The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory of Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China.,Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Anhui Key Laboratory of Bioactivity of Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Cheng Huang
- The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.,The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory of Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China.,Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Anhui Key Laboratory of Bioactivity of Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xiao-Ming Meng
- The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.,The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory of Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China.,Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Anhui Key Laboratory of Bioactivity of Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jun Li
- The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.,The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory of Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China.,Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Anhui Key Laboratory of Bioactivity of Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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159
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Li Z, Han S, Jia Y, Yang Y, Han F, Wu G, Li X, Zhang W, Jia W, He X, Han J, Hu D. MCPIP1 regulates RORα expression to protect against liver injury induced by lipopolysaccharide via modulation of miR-155. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:16562-16572. [PMID: 30811042 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Revised: 01/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Liver injury plays vital roles in the development of inflammation and organ dysfunction during sepsis. MCP-1-induced protein 1 (MCPIP1), as an endoribonuclease, is a critical regulator for the maintenance of immune homeostasis. However, whether MCPIP1 participates in the septic liver injury remains unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of MCPIP1 in lipopolysaccharides-induced liver injury and the underlying modulatory mechanisms. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and immunoblotting were used to determine proinflammatory cytokines, MCPIP1, retinoid-related orphan receptor α (RORα), miR-155, and related protein from nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathway expression. Dual luciferase reporter assay was used to analyze whether miR-155 regulates RORα transcription. Secretion of inflammatory cytokines into sera in mice were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Hematoxylin and eosin staining, alanine aminotransferase, and aspartate transaminase, assay were used to evaluate liver function. We found that MCPIP1 expression was notably upregulated and significantly downregulated inflammatory cytokine secretion and NF-κB signaling activation in macrophages following exposure to lipopolysaccharide. Moreover, miR-155, lowered by MCPIP1, directly targeted on 3'-untranslated region of RORα to activate an inflammatory response. Importantly, MCPIP1 overexpression in mice alleviated septic liver injury symptoms following lipopolysaccharides stimulation. Collectively, these data highlight MCPIP1/miR-155/RORα axis as a novel modulation of inflammation in liver injury and potential therapeutic target for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhen Li
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.,Department of Neurobiology and Institute of Neurosciences, School of Basic Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shichao Han
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yanhui Jia
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yunshu Yang
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Fu Han
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Gaofeng Wu
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Li
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wenbin Jia
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiang He
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Juntao Han
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Dahai Hu
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
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160
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Kim A, Saikia P, Nagy LE. miRNAs Involved in M1/M2 Hyperpolarization Are Clustered and Coordinately Expressed in Alcoholic Hepatitis. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1295. [PMID: 31231396 PMCID: PMC6568035 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The innate immune system, including monocytes/macrophages, is critical to the progression of alcoholic liver disease (ALD). In response to chronic ethanol, Kupffer cells, the resident macrophage of livers, and peripheral monocytes become sensitized to bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS), express more pro-inflammatory cytokines and exhibit macrophage M1/M2 hyperpolarization. Since miRNAs play an important role in the regulation of M1/M2 polarization, we hypothesized that miRNAs regulating macrophage polarization would be dysregulated after chronic ethanol consumption. miRNA sequencing data from Kupffer cells isolated from rats fed an ethanol diet vs. control diet and qPCR data from PBMCs isolated from alcoholic hepatitis (AH) patients and healthy controls were used to assess the role of miRNAs in macrophage hyperpolarization in ALD. Differential expression analyses revealed 40 misregulated miRNAs in Kupffer cells from the chronic ethanol-fed rats compared to pair-fed controls. Nine of these miRNAs are known to be associated with macrophage polarization and consist of a mixture of M1- and M2-associated miRNAs, indicative of hyperpolarization. Twenty-three of the 40 differentially expressed miRNAs were localized to miRNA clusters throughout the genome. Correlation analyses revealed that miRNAs in three of these clusters were co-regulated and located within antisense non-coding RNAs. Similar to Kupffer cells from ethanol-fed rats, M1 and M2 polarization markers, as well as sensitivity to LPS, were elevated in PBMCs from AH patients compared to healthy controls. These increases were associated with an up-regulation of polarization-associated miRNAs, including miR-125a-5p, a miRNA associated with hyperpolarization. miR-125a-5p is clustered in the genome with other miRNAs inside a host gene, Spaca6, which was also upregulated in PBMCs, as well as isolated monocytes, from AH patients. Finally, correlation analyses revealed co-regulation of human polarization-associated miRNA clusters. While expression of polarization-associated miRNAs in clusters was upregulated in AH compared to healthy controls, co-regulation of the miRNAs within a cluster was independent of disease state. Together, these results reveal that global changes in miRNA regulation are associated with polarization phenotypes in Kupffer cells from rat after chronic ethanol as well as in PBMCs from patients with AH. Importantly, polarization-associated miRNAs were localized to coordinately regulated clusters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Kim
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Northern Ohio Alcohol Center, Center for Liver Disease Research, Cleveland Clinic, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Paramananda Saikia
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Northern Ohio Alcohol Center, Center for Liver Disease Research, Cleveland Clinic, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Laura E Nagy
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Northern Ohio Alcohol Center, Center for Liver Disease Research, Cleveland Clinic, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH, United States
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161
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Gao S, Wang Y, Li D, Guo Y, Zhu M, Xu S, Mao J, Fan G. TanshinoneIIA Alleviates Inflammatory Response and Directs Macrophage Polarization in Lipopolysaccharide-Stimulated RAW264.7 Cells. Inflammation 2019; 42:264-275. [PMID: 30218320 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-018-0891-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
TanshinoneIIA (TanIIA) has been demonstrated to possess numerous biological effects. However, the specific effect of TanIIA on macrophage polarization has not been reported. In this study, it was revealed that TanIIA might play a pivotal role in macrophage polarization. As our results indicated, cell morphology was changed in RAW264.7 cells which were treated with LPS or LPS/TanIIA (0.1 μM, 1 μM, 10 μM). Subsequently, pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-α and anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 were measured by ELISA kits. Furthermore, TanIIA enhanced the expression of M2 macrophage markers (Arg1 and FIZZ1) and decreased the expression of markers associated with M1 macrophage polarization (iNOS and IL-1β). Increased expression of CD206 was also detected by flow cytometry in TanIIA-treated groups. Mechanistically, it was revealed that TanIIA modulated macrophage polarization by ameliorating mitochondrial function and regulating TLR4-HMGB1/CEBP-β pathway. In addition, increased expression of miR-155 was observed in RAW264.7 cells incubated with LPS and were effectively inhibited by TanIIA. Taken together, it was suggested that TanIIA inhibits inflammatory response and promotes macrophage polarization toward an M2 phenotype, which provides new evidence for the anti-inflammation activity of TanIIA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Gao
- Medical Experiment Center, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 314 An Shan Xi Road, Nan Kai District, Tianjin, 300193, China
| | - Yili Wang
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 312 An Shan Xi Road, Nan Kai District, Tianjin, 300193, China
| | - Dan Li
- Medical Experiment Center, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 314 An Shan Xi Road, Nan Kai District, Tianjin, 300193, China
| | - Yuying Guo
- Medical Experiment Center, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 314 An Shan Xi Road, Nan Kai District, Tianjin, 300193, China
| | - Meifeng Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Shixin Xu
- Medical Experiment Center, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 314 An Shan Xi Road, Nan Kai District, Tianjin, 300193, China
| | - Jingyuan Mao
- Medical Experiment Center, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 314 An Shan Xi Road, Nan Kai District, Tianjin, 300193, China
| | - Guanwei Fan
- Medical Experiment Center, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 314 An Shan Xi Road, Nan Kai District, Tianjin, 300193, China.
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162
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Kong LZ, Chandimali N, Han YH, Lee DH, Kim JS, Kim SU, Kim TD, Jeong DK, Sun HN, Lee DS, Kwon T. Pathogenesis, Early Diagnosis, and Therapeutic Management of Alcoholic Liver Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20112712. [PMID: 31159489 PMCID: PMC6600448 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20112712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Revised: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) refers to the damages to the liver and its functions due to alcohol overconsumption. It consists of fatty liver/steatosis, alcoholic hepatitis, steatohepatitis, chronic hepatitis with liver fibrosis or cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. However, the mechanisms behind the pathogenesis of alcoholic liver disease are extremely complicated due to the involvement of immune cells, adipose tissues, and genetic diversity. Clinically, the diagnosis of ALD is not yet well developed. Therefore, the number of patients in advanced stages has increased due to the failure of proper early detection and treatment. At present, abstinence and nutritional therapy remain the conventional therapeutic interventions for ALD. Moreover, the therapies which target the TNF receptor superfamily, hormones, antioxidant signals, and MicroRNAs are used as treatments for ALD. In particular, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are gaining attention as a potential therapeutic target of ALD. Therefore, in this review, we have summarized the current understandings of the pathogenesis and diagnosis of ALD. Moreover, we also discuss the various existing treatment strategies while focusing on promising therapeutic approaches for ALD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Zu Kong
- Laboratory of Animal Genetic Engineering and Stem Cell Biology, Advanced Convergence Technology and Science, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea.
- Immunotherapy Convergence Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Korea.
| | - Nisansala Chandimali
- Laboratory of Animal Genetic Engineering and Stem Cell Biology, Advanced Convergence Technology and Science, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea.
- Immunotherapy Convergence Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Korea.
| | - Ying-Hao Han
- Department of Disease Model Animal Research Center, College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China.
| | - Dong-Ho Lee
- Primate Resources Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Jeongeup-si, Jeonbuk 56216, Korea.
| | - Ji-Su Kim
- Primate Resources Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Jeongeup-si, Jeonbuk 56216, Korea.
| | - Sun-Uk Kim
- Futuristic Animal Resource & Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do 28116, Korea.
| | - Tae-Don Kim
- Immunotherapy Convergence Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Korea.
| | - Dong Kee Jeong
- Laboratory of Animal Genetic Engineering and Stem Cell Biology, Advanced Convergence Technology and Science, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea.
- Subtropical/Tropical Organism Gene Bank, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea.
| | - Hu-Nan Sun
- Department of Disease Model Animal Research Center, College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China.
- Subtropical/Tropical Organism Gene Bank, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea.
| | - Dong Sun Lee
- Subtropical/Tropical Organism Gene Bank, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea.
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Applied Life Science, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea.
| | - Taeho Kwon
- Primate Resources Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Jeongeup-si, Jeonbuk 56216, Korea.
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163
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Sureshchandra S, Raus A, Jankeel A, Ligh BJK, Walter NAR, Newman N, Grant KA, Messaoudi I. Dose-dependent effects of chronic alcohol drinking on peripheral immune responses. Sci Rep 2019; 9:7847. [PMID: 31127176 PMCID: PMC6534547 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-44302-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
It is well established that chronic heavy alcohol drinking (CHD) results in significant organ damage, increased susceptibility to infections, and poor outcomes following injury. In contrast, chronic moderate drinking (CMD) has been associated with improved cardiovascular health and immunity. These differential outcomes have been linked to alterations in both innate and adaptive branches of the immune system; however, the mechanisms remain poorly understood. To address this question, we determined the impact of chronic drinking on the transcriptional and functional responses of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) collected from male rhesus macaques classified as CMD or CHD after 12 months of voluntary ethanol self-administration. Our analysis suggests that chronic alcohol drinking, regardless of dose alters resting transcriptomes of PBMC, with the largest impact seen in innate immune cells. These transcriptional changes are partially explained by alterations in microRNA profiles. Additionally, chronic alcohol drinking is associated with a dose dependent heightened inflammatory profiled at resting and following LPS stimulation. Moreover, we observed a dose-dependent shift in the kinetics of transcriptional responses to LPS. These findings may explain the dichotomy in clinical and immunological outcomes observed with moderate versus heavy alcohol drinking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suhas Sureshchandra
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California-Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Anthony Raus
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California-Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Allen Jankeel
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California-Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Brian Jin Kee Ligh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California-Irvine, 92697, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Nicole A R Walter
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, 97006, Beaverton, OR, USA
| | - Natali Newman
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, 97006, Beaverton, OR, USA
| | - Kathleen A Grant
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, 97006, Beaverton, OR, USA
| | - Ilhem Messaoudi
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California-Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, 97006, Beaverton, OR, USA.
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164
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Bayraktar R, Bertilaccio MTS, Calin GA. The Interaction Between Two Worlds: MicroRNAs and Toll-Like Receptors. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1053. [PMID: 31139186 PMCID: PMC6527596 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are critical mediators of posttranscriptional regulation via their targeting of the imperfect antisense complementary regions of coding and non-coding transcripts. Recently, researchers have shown that miRNAs play roles in many aspects of regulation of immune cell function by targeting of inflammation-associated genes, including Toll-like receptors (TLRs). Besides this indirect regulatory role of miRNAs, they can also act as physiological ligands of specific TLRs and initiate the signaling cascade of immune response. In this review, we summarize the potential roles of miRNAs in regulation of TLR gene expression and TLR signaling, with a focus on the ability of miRNAs bind to TLRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Recep Bayraktar
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | | | - George A Calin
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States.,Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNAs, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States.,Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
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165
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Li Q, Li Z, Lin Y, Che H, Hu Y, Kang X, Zhang Y, Wang L, Zhang Y. High glucose promotes hepatic fibrosis via miR‑32/MTA3‑mediated epithelial‑to‑mesenchymal transition. Mol Med Rep 2019; 19:3190-3200. [PMID: 30816482 PMCID: PMC6423609 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.9986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatic fibrosis is characterized by the aberrant production and deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins. Growing evidence indicates that the epithelial‑mesenchymal transition serves a crucial role in the progression of liver fibrogenesis. Although a subset of microRNAs (miRNAs or miRs) has recently been identified as essential regulators of the EMT gene expression, studies of the EMT in hyperglycemic‑induced liver fibrosis are limited. In the current study, it was observed that high glucose‑treated AML12 cells occurred EMT process, and miR‑32 expression was markedly increased in the liver tissue of streptozotocin‑induced diabetic rats and in high glucose‑treated AML12 cells. Additionally, the contribution of the EMT to liver fibrosis by targeting metastasis‑associated gene 3 (MTA3) under hyperglycemic conditions was suppressed by AMO‑32. The results indicated that miR‑32 and MTA3 may be considered as novel drug targets in the prevention and treatment of liver fibrosis under hyperglycemic conditions. These finding improves the understanding of the progression of liver fibrogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Li
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Heilongjiang Provincial Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, P.R. China
| | - Zhange Li
- Department of Pharmacology (The State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Lin
- Department of Pharmacology (The State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Hui Che
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Yingying Hu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, P.R. China
| | - Xujuan Kang
- Department of Pharmacology (The State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology (The State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Lihong Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology (The State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
- Institute of Metabolic Disease, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Science, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, P.R. China
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166
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Hanousková B, Neprašová B, Skálová L, Maletínská L, Zemanová K, Ambrož M, Matoušková P. High-fructose drinks affect microRNAs expression differently in lean and obese mice. J Nutr Biochem 2019; 68:42-50. [PMID: 31030166 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2019.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Revised: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
High fructose intake from soft drinks and sweets is assumed to have a negative impact on human health. Yet in spite of intensive research, the molecular mechanisms of these effects have not been fully elucidated yet, for example, the effect of high fructose intake could be different in normal and obese individuals. Four groups of mice were used in this study: control groups of lean mice and mice with obesity induced by a high-fat diet, then both of these groups with or without fructose administration in drinks. In plasma of each group, triacylglycerol, cholesterol, free fatty acids, alanine aminotransferase, insulin and adiponectin were measured. The expression levels of selected microRNAs (miRNAs) in plasma, the liver, white adipose tissue, brown adipose tissue and subcutaneous adipose tissue were quantified. In both lean and obese mice, high fructose intake increased cholesterol amount in the liver, up-regulated hepatic miR-27a, down-regulated miR-33a in white adipose tissue and increased plasmatic level of miR-21. The effect of high fructose intake on other miRNAs in the liver, plasma and adipose tissues differed in normal and obese mice. Fructose intake led to hepatic hypercholesterolemia and aberrant expression of several miRNAs participating in lipid metabolism, adipocytes differentiation and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease promotion. The effect of fructose on miRNAs expression differed in normal and obese mice. Nevertheless, plasmatic miR-21, which was induced by fructose in both lean and obese mice, may be considered as a potential biomarker of excessive fructose intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbora Hanousková
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Akademika Heyrovského 1203/8, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic.
| | - Barbora Neprašová
- Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Flemingovo náměstí 542/2, Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Lenka Skálová
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Akademika Heyrovského 1203/8, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic.
| | - Lenka Maletínská
- Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Flemingovo náměstí 542/2, Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Kateřina Zemanová
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Akademika Heyrovského 1203/8, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic.
| | - Martin Ambrož
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Akademika Heyrovského 1203/8, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic.
| | - Petra Matoušková
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Akademika Heyrovského 1203/8, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic.
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167
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The MicroRNA miR-155 Is Essential in Fibrosis. Noncoding RNA 2019; 5:ncrna5010023. [PMID: 30871125 PMCID: PMC6468348 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna5010023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The function of microRNAs (miRNAs) during fibrosis and the downstream regulation of gene expression by these miRNAs have become of great biological interest. miR-155 is consistently upregulated in fibrotic disorders, and its ablation downregulates collagen synthesis. Studies demonstrate the integral role of miR-155 in fibrosis, as it mediates TGF-β1 signaling to drive collagen synthesis. In this review, we summarize recent findings on the association between miR-155 and fibrotic disorders. We discuss the cross-signaling between macrophages and fibroblasts that orchestrates the upregulation of collagen synthesis mediated by miR-155. As miR-155 is involved in the activation of the innate and adaptive immune systems, specific targeting of miR-155 in pathologic cells that make excessive collagen could be a viable option before the depletion of miR-155 becomes an attractive antifibrotic approach.
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168
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Bai L, Chen Y, Duan ZP, Zheng SJ. A new perspective on acute-on-chronic liver failure: Liver fibrosis and injury resistance. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2019; 27:139-145. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v27.i3.139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) is an increasingly recognized entity encompassing an acute deterioration of liver function in patients with pre-existing chronic liver diseases, which is usually associated with a precipitating event. Compared to acute liver failure, ACLF patients exhibit relatively slow disease progression and prolonged survival. Recent studies show that patients without previous decompensation have higher short-term mortality than those with prior hepatic decompensation. These interesting and important facts motivate clinicians and researchers to dissect the underlying mechanisms of ACLF from a new perspective, namely, the correlation between chronic liver diseases and injury resistance. In this review, we will make a comment on the phenomena as well as cellular and molecular mechanisms behind injury resistance in the setting of hepatic fibrosis (simulating the development of ACLF), in hopes of providing novel insights into the pathogenesis and therapy of ACLF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Bai
- Difficult Liver Disease and Artificial Liver Center, Beijing You'an Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University (Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Liver Failure and Artificial Liver Treatment Research), Beijing 100069, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Difficult Liver Disease and Artificial Liver Center, Beijing You'an Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University (Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Liver Failure and Artificial Liver Treatment Research), Beijing 100069, China
| | - Zhong-Ping Duan
- Difficult Liver Disease and Artificial Liver Center, Beijing You'an Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University (Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Liver Failure and Artificial Liver Treatment Research), Beijing 100069, China
| | - Su-Jun Zheng
- Difficult Liver Disease and Artificial Liver Center, Beijing You'an Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University (Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Liver Failure and Artificial Liver Treatment Research), Beijing 100069, China
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169
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Gao B, Ahmad MF, Nagy LE, Tsukamoto H. Inflammatory pathways in alcoholic steatohepatitis. J Hepatol 2019; 70:249-259. [PMID: 30658726 PMCID: PMC6361545 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2018.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 213] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Revised: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory processes are primary contributors to the development and progression of alcoholic steatohepatitis (ASH), with severe alcoholic hepatitis characterised by non-resolving inflammation. Inflammation in the progression of ASH is a complex response to microbial dysbiosis, loss of barrier integrity in the intestine, hepatocellular stress and death, as well as inter-organ crosstalk. Herein, we review the roles of multiple cell types that are involved in inflammation in ASH, including resident macrophages and infiltrating monocytes, as well as other cell types in the innate and adaptive immune system. In response to chronic, heavy alcohol exposure, hepatocytes themselves also contribute to the inflammatory process; hepatocytes express a large number of chemokines and inflammatory mediators and can also release damage-associated molecular patterns during injury and death. These cellular responses are mediated and accompanied by changes in the expression of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, as well as by signals which orchestrate the recruitment of immune cells and activation of the inflammatory process. Additional mechanisms for cell-cell and inter-organ communication in ASH are also reviewed, including the roles of extracellular vesicles and microRNAs, as well as inter-organ crosstalk. We highlight the concept that inflammation also plays an important role in promoting liver repair and controlling bacterial infection. Understanding the complex regulatory processes that are disrupted during the progression of ASH will likely lead to better targeted strategies for therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Gao
- Laboratory of Liver Diseases, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States.
| | - Maleeha F Ahmad
- Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Laura E Nagy
- Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States; Northern Ohio Alcohol Center, Departments of Molecular Medicine, Inflammation and Immunity, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States.
| | - Hidekazu Tsukamoto
- Southern California Research Center for ALPD and Cirrhosis, Department of Pathology, University of Southern California, Greater Los Angeles VA Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, United States.
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170
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Li Z, Zhou X, Wei M, Gao X, Zhao L, Shi R, Sun W, Duan Y, Yang G, Yuan L. In Vitro and in Vivo RNA Inhibition by CD9-HuR Functionalized Exosomes Encapsulated with miRNA or CRISPR/dCas9. NANO LETTERS 2019; 19:19-28. [PMID: 30517011 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b02689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In vitro and in vivo delivery of RNAs of interest holds promise for gene therapy. Recently, exosomes are considered as a kind of rational vehicle for RNA delivery, especially miRNA and/or siRNA, while the loading efficiency is limited. In this study, we engineered the exosomes for RNA loading by constructing a fusion protein in which the exosomal membrane protein CD9 was fused with RNA binding protein, while the RNA of interest either natively harbors or is engineered to have the elements for the binding. By proof-of-principle experiments, we here fused CD9 with HuR, an RNA binding protein interacting with miR-155 with a relatively high affinity. In the exosome packaging cells, the fused CD9-HuR successfully enriched miR-155 into exosomes when miR-155 was excessively expressed. Moreover, miR-155 encapsulated in the exosomes in turn could be efficiently delivered into the recipient cells and recognized the endogenous targets. In addition, we also revealed that the CD9-HuR exosomes could enrich the functional miRNA inhibitor or CRISPR/dCas9 when the RNAs were engineered to have the AU rich elements. Taken together, we here have established a novel strategy for enhanced RNA cargo encapsulation into engineered exosomes, which in turn functions in the recipient cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhelong Li
- Department of Ultrasound Diagnostics, Tangdu Hospital , Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an 710038 , People's Republic of China
- The State Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an 710032 , People's Republic of China
| | - Xueying Zhou
- Department of Ultrasound Diagnostics, Tangdu Hospital , Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an 710038 , People's Republic of China
- The State Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an 710032 , People's Republic of China
| | - Mengying Wei
- The State Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an 710032 , People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaotong Gao
- The State Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an 710032 , People's Republic of China
- Department of Hematology, Tangdu Hospital , Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an , 710038 , People's Republic of China
| | - Lianbi Zhao
- Department of Ultrasound Diagnostics, Tangdu Hospital , Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an 710038 , People's Republic of China
- The State Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an 710032 , People's Republic of China
| | - Ruijing Shi
- Department of Ultrasound Diagnostics, Tangdu Hospital , Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an 710038 , People's Republic of China
- The State Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an 710032 , People's Republic of China
| | - Wenqi Sun
- Department of Ultrasound Diagnostics, Tangdu Hospital , Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an 710038 , People's Republic of China
- The State Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an 710032 , People's Republic of China
| | - Yunyou Duan
- Department of Ultrasound Diagnostics, Tangdu Hospital , Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an 710038 , People's Republic of China
| | - Guodong Yang
- The State Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an 710032 , People's Republic of China
| | - Lijun Yuan
- Department of Ultrasound Diagnostics, Tangdu Hospital , Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an 710038 , People's Republic of China
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171
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Heo MJ, Yun J, Kim SG. Role of non-coding RNAs in liver disease progression to hepatocellular carcinoma. Arch Pharm Res 2019; 42:48-62. [PMID: 30610616 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-018-01104-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 12/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a tumor with poor prognosis and frequently aggressive. The development of HCC is associated with fibrosis and cirrhosis, which mainly results from nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, excessive alcohol consumption, and viral infections. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are RNAs transcribed from the genome, but are not translated into proteins. Recently, ncRNAs emerged as key contributors to tumor development and progression because of their abilities to regulate various targets and modulate cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, and development. In this review, we summarize the frequently activated pathways in HCC and discuss the pathological implications of ncRNAs in the context of human liver disease progression, in particular HCC development and progression. This review aims to summarize the role of ncRNA dysregulation in the diseases and discuss the diagnostic and therapeutic potentials of ncRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Jeong Heo
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanakro, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Jessica Yun
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanakro, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Sang Geon Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanakro, Seoul, 08826, South Korea.
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172
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Hammarstedt A, Gogg S, Hedjazifar S, Nerstedt A, Smith U. Impaired Adipogenesis and Dysfunctional Adipose Tissue in Human Hypertrophic Obesity. Physiol Rev 2019; 98:1911-1941. [PMID: 30067159 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00034.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 253] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) is the largest and best storage site for excess lipids. However, it has a limited ability to expand by recruiting and/or differentiating available precursor cells. When inadequate, this leads to a hypertrophic expansion of the cells with increased inflammation, insulin resistance, and a dysfunctional prolipolytic tissue. Epi-/genetic factors regulate SAT adipogenesis and genetic predisposition for type 2 diabetes is associated with markers of an impaired SAT adipogenesis and development of hypertrophic obesity also in nonobese individuals. We here review mechanisms for the adipose precursor cells to enter adipogenesis, emphasizing the role of bone morphogenetic protein-4 (BMP-4) and its endogenous antagonist gremlin-1, which is increased in hypertrophic SAT in humans. Gremlin-1 is a secreted and a likely important mechanism for the impaired SAT adipogenesis in hypertrophic obesity. Transiently increasing BMP-4 enhances adipogenic commitment of the precursor cells while maintained BMP-4 signaling during differentiation induces a beige/brown oxidative phenotype in both human and murine adipose cells. Adipose tissue growth and development also requires increased angiogenesis, and BMP-4, as a proangiogenic molecule, may also be an important feedback regulator of this. Hypertrophic obesity is also associated with increased lipolysis. Reduced lipid storage and increased release of FFA by hypertrophic SAT are important mechanisms for the accumulation of ectopic fat in the liver and other places promoting insulin resistance. Taken together, the limited expansion and storage capacity of SAT is a major driver of the obesity-associated metabolic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann Hammarstedt
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, The Lundberg Laboratory for Diabetes Research, the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg , Gothenburg , Sweden
| | - Silvia Gogg
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, The Lundberg Laboratory for Diabetes Research, the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg , Gothenburg , Sweden
| | - Shahram Hedjazifar
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, The Lundberg Laboratory for Diabetes Research, the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg , Gothenburg , Sweden
| | - Annika Nerstedt
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, The Lundberg Laboratory for Diabetes Research, the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg , Gothenburg , Sweden
| | - Ulf Smith
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, The Lundberg Laboratory for Diabetes Research, the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg , Gothenburg , Sweden
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173
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Yuan Y, Li N, Zeng L, Shen Z, Jiang C. Pathogenesis investigation of miR-199-5p in oral submucous fibrosis based on bioinformatics analysis. Oral Dis 2018; 25:456-465. [PMID: 30485610 DOI: 10.1111/odi.13008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Revised: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Fibrosis diseases are one of the leading causes of suffering and death. However, no systematic investigation has been carried out on fibrosis-related genes. MATERIALS AND METHODS By querying PubMed using keywords "fibrosis" and "gene" or "protein," we identified fibrosis-related genes in the last decade. Bioinformatics analysis was performed by MAS 3.0 software. Key miRNA was selected to assess its relationship with oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) and fibroblast functions. RESULTS A total of 1,310 genes related to fibrosis were identified. TGF-β1, CTGF, MMP9, HSP47, and S1P were found to be associated with mainly fibrotic organs. In total, 244 cellular components terms, 595 molecular function terms, 1,816 cellular component terms, and 136 KEGG pathway annotations were predicted. miR-199-5p was selected as the key miRNA, which has higher level in OSF. Upregulated miR-199-5p was significantly related to OSF duration and OSF histological grade (p = 0.028 and 0.012, respectively). Overexpressive miR-199-5p reduced proliferation and induced apoptosis in buccal fibroblasts. Additionally, expression levels of collagen I (COL I) and III (COL III) were promoted by overexpressive miR-199-5p in buccal fibroblasts. CONCLUSION These results indicate that fibrosis-related genes are related to a series of complex mechanisms. The characteristics of miR-199-5p may supply important clues for developing therapeutic strategy for OSF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongxiang Yuan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ning Li
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lijuan Zeng
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhengzhong Shen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Canhua Jiang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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174
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Meroni M, Longo M, Rametta R, Dongiovanni P. Genetic and Epigenetic Modifiers of Alcoholic Liver Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E3857. [PMID: 30513996 PMCID: PMC6320903 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19123857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Revised: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD), a disorder caused by excessive alcohol consumption is a global health issue. More than two billion people consume alcohol in the world and about 75 million are classified as having alcohol disorders. ALD embraces a wide spectrum of hepatic lesions including steatosis, alcoholic steatohepatitis (ASH), fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). ALD is a complex disease where environmental, genetic, and epigenetic factors contribute to its pathogenesis and progression. The severity of alcohol-induced liver disease depends on the amount, method of usage and duration of alcohol consumption as well as on age, gender, presence of obesity, and genetic susceptibility. Genome-wide association studies and candidate gene studies have identified genetic modifiers of ALD that can be exploited as non-invasive biomarkers, but which do not completely explain the phenotypic variability. Indeed, ALD development and progression is also modulated by epigenetic factors. The premise of this review is to discuss the role of genetic variants and epigenetic modifications, with particular attention being paid to microRNAs, as pathogenic markers, risk predictors, and therapeutic targets in ALD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marica Meroni
- General Medicine and Metabolic Diseases, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Pad. Granelli, via F Sforza 35, 20122 Milan, Italy.
| | - Miriam Longo
- General Medicine and Metabolic Diseases, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Pad. Granelli, via F Sforza 35, 20122 Milan, Italy.
| | - Raffaela Rametta
- General Medicine and Metabolic Diseases, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Pad. Granelli, via F Sforza 35, 20122 Milan, Italy.
| | - Paola Dongiovanni
- General Medicine and Metabolic Diseases, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Pad. Granelli, via F Sforza 35, 20122 Milan, Italy.
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175
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Lin X, Chen L, Li H, Liu Y, Guan Y, Li X, Jia Z, Lin X, Jia J, Sun Y, Xiao D. miR-155 accelerates proliferation of mouse hepatocytes during liver regeneration by directly targeting SOCS1. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2018; 315:G443-G453. [PMID: 29792529 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00072.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Liver regeneration after two-thirds partial hepatectomy (PH) is a clinically significant repair process for restoring proper liver architecture. Although microRNA-155 (miR-155) has been found to serve as a crucial microRNA regulator that controls liver cell function and proliferation, little is known about its specific role in the regenerating liver. Using a mouse model with miR-155 overexpression or miR-155 knockout, we investigated the molecular mechanisms of miR-155 in liver regeneration. We found a marked induction of miR-155 in C57BL/6 mice after PH. Furthermore, RL-m155 mice showed enhanced liver regeneration as a result of accelerated progression of hepatocytes into the cell cycle, mainly through an increase in cyclin levels. However, proliferation of hepatocytes was delayed in miR-155-deficient livers. Expression of suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 (SOCS1) was dramatically downregulated in the process of liver regeneration, and enhancement of SOCS1 contributed to impaired proliferation of hepatocytes. Additionally, in vitro and in vivo experiments showed that adenovirus- or adeno-associated virus-mediated overexpression of SOCS1 attenuated improved liver regeneration induced by miR-155 overexpression. Our study shows that miR-155 is a pro-proliferative regulator in liver regeneration by facilitating the cell cycle and directly targeting SOCS1. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Our findings suggest a microRNA-155 (miR-155)-mediated positive regulation pattern in liver regeneration. A series of in vivo and in vitro studies showed that miR-155 upregulation enhanced partial hepatectomy-induced proliferation of hepatocytes by promoting the cell cycle without inducing DNA damage or apoptosis. Suppressor of cytokine signaling 1, a target gene of miR-155, antagonized the proliferation-promoting effect of miR-155. Therefore, pharmacological intervention targeting miR-155 may be therapeutically beneficial in various liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunotherapy Research and Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunology Research, Cancer Research Institute, Southern Medical University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Li Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Haiyan Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunotherapy Research and Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunology Research, Cancer Research Institute, Southern Medical University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Yu Liu
- Institute of Comparative Medicine & Laboratory Animal Center, Southern Medical University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Yanhong Guan
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Zhenchang Jia
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Xiaolin Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunotherapy Research and Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunology Research, Cancer Research Institute, Southern Medical University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Junshuang Jia
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunotherapy Research and Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunology Research, Cancer Research Institute, Southern Medical University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Yan Sun
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Dong Xiao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunotherapy Research and Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunology Research, Cancer Research Institute, Southern Medical University , Guangzhou , China.,Institute of Comparative Medicine & Laboratory Animal Center, Southern Medical University , Guangzhou , China
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176
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Lin XX, Lian GH, Peng SF, Zhao Q, Xu Y, Ou-Yang DS, Zhang W, Chen Y. Reversing Epigenetic Alterations Caused by Alcohol: A Promising Therapeutic Direction for Alcoholic Liver Disease. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2018; 42:1863-1873. [PMID: 30080257 DOI: 10.1111/acer.13863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD), a liver function disorder caused by excessive alcohol intake, is a serious threat to global public health and social development. Toxic metabolites and reactive oxygen species produced during the metabolism of alcohol can alter the epigenetic state including DNA methylation, histone modifications, and expression of microRNAs. Epigenetic alterations can conversely involve various signaling pathways, which could contribute to the initiation and progression of ALD. To elucidate the relationship between epigenetic alterations and alcohol damage not only reinforces our understanding on pathogenesis of ALD, but also provides novel targets for clinical diagnosis, treatment, and drug research of ALD. In this review, we have summarized the research progress of epigenetic alterations and related mechanisms caused by alcohol in the pathogenesis of ALD. Considering the invertibility of epigenetic alterations, treatment of ALD through epigenetic modification with common less harmful compounds is also related.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu-Xian Lin
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Guang-Hui Lian
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Shi-Fang Peng
- Department of Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qing Zhao
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ying Xu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Dong-Sheng Ou-Yang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yao Chen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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177
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Torres JL, Novo-Veleiro I, Manzanedo L, Alvela-Suárez L, Macías R, Laso FJ, Marcos M. Role of microRNAs in alcohol-induced liver disorders and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. World J Gastroenterol 2018; 24:4104-4118. [PMID: 30271077 PMCID: PMC6158486 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v24.i36.4104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Revised: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that regulate multiple physiological and pathological functions through the modulation of gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. Accumulating evidence has established a role for miRNAs in the development and pathogenesis of liver disease. Specifically, a large number of studies have assessed the role of miRNAs in alcoholic liver disease (ALD) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), two diseases that share common underlying mechanisms and pathological characteristics. The purpose of the current review is to summarize and update the body of literature investigating the role of miRNAs in liver disease. In addition, the potential use of miRNAs as biomarkers and/or therapeutic targets is discussed. Among all miRNAs analyzed, miR-34a, miR-122 and miR-155 are most involved in the pathogenesis of NAFLD. Of note, these three miRNAs have also been implicated in ALD, reinforcing a common disease mechanism between these two entities and the pleiotropic effects of specific miRNAs. Currently, no single miRNA or panel of miRNAs has been identified for the detection of, or staging of ALD or NAFLD. While promising results have been shown in murine models, no therapeutic based-miRNA agents have been developed for use in humans with liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge-Luis Torres
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Salamanca, Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca-IBSAL, Salamanca 37007, Spain
- Spanish Working Group on Alcohol and Alcoholism, Spanish Society of Internal Medicine, Madrid 28016, Spain
| | - Ignacio Novo-Veleiro
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña 15706, Spain
- Spanish Working Group on Alcohol and Alcoholism, Spanish Society of Internal Medicine, Madrid 28016, Spain
| | - Laura Manzanedo
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Salamanca, Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca-IBSAL, Salamanca 37007, Spain
| | - Lucía Alvela-Suárez
- Department of Internal Medicine, HM Rosaleda Hospital, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña 15701, Spain
| | - Ronald Macías
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Salamanca, Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca-IBSAL, Salamanca 37007, Spain
| | - Francisco-Javier Laso
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Salamanca, Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca-IBSAL, Salamanca 37007, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Salamanca, Salamanca 37007, Spain
- Spanish Working Group on Alcohol and Alcoholism, Spanish Society of Internal Medicine, Madrid 28016, Spain
| | - Miguel Marcos
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Salamanca, Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca-IBSAL, Salamanca 37007, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Salamanca, Salamanca 37007, Spain
- Spanish Working Group on Alcohol and Alcoholism, Spanish Society of Internal Medicine, Madrid 28016, Spain
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178
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Seitz HK, Bataller R, Cortez-Pinto H, Gao B, Gual A, Lackner C, Mathurin P, Mueller S, Szabo G, Tsukamoto H. Alcoholic liver disease. Nat Rev Dis Primers 2018; 4:16. [PMID: 30115921 DOI: 10.1038/s41572-018-0014-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 646] [Impact Index Per Article: 107.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is the most prevalent type of chronic liver disease worldwide. ALD can progress from alcoholic fatty liver (AFL) to alcoholic steatohepatitis (ASH), which is characterized by hepatic inflammation. Chronic ASH can eventually lead to fibrosis and cirrhosis and in some cases hepatocellular cancer (HCC). In addition, severe ASH (with or without cirrhosis) can lead to alcoholic hepatitis, which is an acute clinical presentation of ALD that is associated with liver failure and high mortality. Most individuals consuming >40 g of alcohol per day develop AFL; however, only a subset of individuals will develop more advanced disease. Genetic, epigenetic and non-genetic factors might explain the considerable interindividual variation in ALD phenotype. The pathogenesis of ALD includes hepatic steatosis, oxidative stress, acetaldehyde-mediated toxicity and cytokine and chemokine-induced inflammation. Diagnosis of ALD involves assessing patients for alcohol use disorder and signs of advanced liver disease. The degree of AFL and liver fibrosis can be determined by ultrasonography, transient elastography, MRI, measurement of serum biomarkers and liver biopsy histology. Alcohol abstinence achieved by psychosomatic intervention is the best treatment for all stages of ALD. In the case of advanced disease such as cirrhosis or HCC, liver transplantation may be required. Thus, new therapies are urgently needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helmut K Seitz
- Centre of Alcohol Research (CAR),, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg and Department of Medicine, Salem Medical Center, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Ramon Bataller
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Pittsburgh Liver Research Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Helena Cortez-Pinto
- Departmento de Gastroenterologia, CHLN, Laboratorio de Nutricão, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Bin Gao
- Laboratory of Liver Diseases, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Antoni Gual
- Addiction Unit, Neuroscience Institute Hospital Clinic, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carolin Lackner
- Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Philippe Mathurin
- Service des Maladies de l'Appareil Digestif, Universite Lille 2 and INSERM U795, Lille, France
| | - Sebastian Mueller
- Centre of Alcohol Research (CAR),, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg and Department of Medicine, Salem Medical Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Gyongyi Szabo
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Hidekazu Tsukamoto
- University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine and Greater Los Angeles VA Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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179
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Xu T, Li L, Hu HQ, Meng XM, Huang C, Zhang L, Qin J, Li J. MicroRNAs in alcoholic liver disease: Recent advances and future applications. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:382-394. [PMID: 30076710 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is characterized by hepatocyte damage, inflammatory cell activation, and increased intestinal permeability leading to the clinical manifestations of alcoholic hepatitis. Selected members of the family of microRNAs (miRNAs) are affected by alcohol, resulting in an abnormal miRNA profile in the liver and circulation in ALD. Increasing evidence suggests that miRNAs that regulate inflammation, lipid metabolism and promote cancer are affected by excessive alcohol administration in mouse models of ALD. This communication highlights recent findings in miRNA expression and functions as they relate to the pathogenesis of ALD. The cell-specific distribution of miRNAs, as well as the significance of circulating extracellular miRNAs, is discussed as potential biomarkers. Finally, the prospects of miRNA-based therapies are evaluated in ALD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drug, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Li Li
- The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drug, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hua-Qing Hu
- Health Management Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xiao-Ming Meng
- The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drug, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Cheng Huang
- The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drug, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drug, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jian Qin
- Anhui Joyfar Pharmaceutical Institute Co., Ltd., Hefei, China
| | - Jun Li
- The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drug, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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180
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Blaya D, Aguilar-Bravo B, Hao F, Casacuberta-Serra S, Coll M, Perea L, Vallverdú J, Graupera I, Pose E, Llovet L, Barquinero J, Cubero FJ, Caballería J, Ginès P, Sancho-Bru P. Expression of microRNA-155 in inflammatory cells modulates liver injury. Hepatology 2018; 68:691-706. [PMID: 29420849 PMCID: PMC6082738 DOI: 10.1002/hep.29833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2017] [Revised: 02/02/2018] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED MicroRNA 155 (miR-155) is involved in immune and inflammatory diseases and is associated with liver fibrosis and steatohepatitis. However, the mechanisms involved in miR-155 regulation of liver injury are largely unknown. The role of miR-155 in acute liver injury was assessed in wild-type (WT), miR-155-/- , and miR-155-/- mice transplanted with WT bone marrow. Additionally, miR-155 expression was evaluated in liver tissue and peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients with autoimmune hepatitis. Concanavalin A, but not acetaminophen, treatment increased the expression of miR-155 in liver tissue of WT mice. Concanavalin A induced increases in cell death, liver aminotransferases, and expression of proinflammatory cytokines (chemokine [C-X-C motif] ligands 1, 5, 9, 10, and 11; chemokine [C-C motif] ligands 2 and 20; and intercellular cell adhesion molecule 1) in miR-155-/- compared to WT mice. Importantly, these animals showed a significant decrease in cluster of differentiation 4-positive/chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor 3-positive and forkhead box p3-positive cell recruitment but no changes in other inflammatory cell populations. Mechanistically, miR-155-deficient regulatory T cells showed increased SH2 domain-containing inositol 5-phosphatase 1 expression, a known target of miR-155. Inhibition of SH2 domain-containing inositol 5-phosphatase 1 in miR-155-/- mice restored forkhead box p3 recruitment and reduced liver cytokine expression. Transplantation of bone marrow from WT animals into miR-155-/- mice partially reversed the effect of concanavalin A on miR-155-/- mice as assessed by proinflammatory cytokines and cell death protein expression. Patients with autoimmune hepatitis showed a marked increase in miR-155 expression in the liver but reduced expression of miR-155 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. CONCLUSION miR-155 expression is altered in both liver tissue and circulating inflammatory cells during liver injury, thus regulating inflammatory cell recruitment and liver damage; these results suggest that maintaining miR-155 expression in inflammatory cells might be a potential strategy to modulate liver injury. (Hepatology 2018).
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Affiliation(s)
- Delia Blaya
- Laboratory of Liver Cell Plasticity and Tissue Repair, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Beatriz Aguilar-Bravo
- Laboratory of Liver Cell Plasticity and Tissue Repair, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Fengjie Hao
- Department of Immunology, Complutense University School of Medicine, Madrid, Spain,12 de Octubre Health Research Institute (imas12), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Mar Coll
- Laboratory of Liver Cell Plasticity and Tissue Repair, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Luis Perea
- Laboratory of Liver Cell Plasticity and Tissue Repair, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Júlia Vallverdú
- Laboratory of Liver Cell Plasticity and Tissue Repair, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Isabel Graupera
- Laboratory of Liver Cell Plasticity and Tissue Repair, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Barcelona, Spain,Liver Unit, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elisa Pose
- Laboratory of Liver Cell Plasticity and Tissue Repair, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Barcelona, Spain,Liver Unit, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Llovet
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Barcelona, Spain,Liver Unit, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Barquinero
- Gene and Cell Therapy Laboratory, Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francisco Javier Cubero
- Department of Immunology, Complutense University School of Medicine, Madrid, Spain,12 de Octubre Health Research Institute (imas12), Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Caballería
- Laboratory of Liver Cell Plasticity and Tissue Repair, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Barcelona, Spain,Liver Unit, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pere Ginès
- Laboratory of Liver Cell Plasticity and Tissue Repair, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Barcelona, Spain,Liver Unit, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pau Sancho-Bru
- Laboratory of Liver Cell Plasticity and Tissue Repair, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Barcelona, Spain
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181
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Miao C, Xie Z, Chang J. Critical Roles of microRNAs in the Pathogenesis of Fatty Liver: New Advances, Challenges, and Potential Directions. Biochem Genet 2018; 56:423-449. [PMID: 29951838 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-018-9870-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In this review, we summarize the current understanding of microRNA (miRNA)-mediated modulation of the gene expression in the fatty liver as well as related signaling pathways. Because of the breadth and diversity of miRNAs, miRNAs may have a very wide variety of biological functions, and much evidence has confirmed that miRNAs are involved in the pathogenesis of fatty liver. In the pathophysiological mechanism of fatty liver, miRNAs may be regulated by upstream regulators, and have their own regulatory targets. miRNAs display important roles in the pathological mechanisms of alcoholic liver disease and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. At present, most of the miRNA studies are focused on cell and tissue levels, and in vivo studies will help us elucidate the regulation of miRNAs and help us evaluate the potential of miRNAs as diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets. Furthermore, there is evidence that miRNAs are involved in the mechanism of natural medicine treatment in fatty liver. Given the important roles of miRNAs in the pathogenesis of fatty liver, we predict that studies of miRNAs in the pathogenesis of fatty liver will contribute to the elucidation of fatty liver pathology and the treatment of fatty liver patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenggui Miao
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Life and Health Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang, 233100, China
| | - Zhongwen Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Biochemistry and Biotechnology, School of Science and Technology of Tea and Food, Anhui Agricultural University, No. 130, Changjiang West Road, Hefei, 230036, Anhui, China.
| | - Jun Chang
- Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
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182
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Zárybnický T, Matoušková P, Lancošová B, Šubrt Z, Skálová L, Boušová I. Inter-Individual Variability in Acute Toxicity of R-Pulegone and R-Menthofuran in Human Liver Slices and Their Influence on miRNA Expression Changes in Comparison to Acetaminophen. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19061805. [PMID: 29921785 PMCID: PMC6032148 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19061805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Revised: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Monoterpenes R-pulegone (PUL) and R-menthofuran (MF), abundant in the Lamiaceae family, are frequently used in herb and food products. Although their hepatotoxicity was shown in rodent species, information about their effects in human liver has been limited. The aim of our study was to test the effects of PUL, MF and acetaminophen (APAP, as a reference compound) on cell viability and microRNA (miRNA) expression in human precision-cut liver slices. Slices from five patients were used to follow up on the inter-individual variability. PUL was toxic in all liver samples (the half-maximal effective concentration was 4.0 µg/mg of tissue), while MF and surprisingly APAP only in two and three liver samples, respectively. PUL also changed miRNA expression more significantly than MF and APAP. The most pronounced effect was a marked decrease of miR-155-5p expression caused by PUL even in non-toxic concentrations in all five liver samples. Our results showed that PUL is much more toxic than MF and APAP in human liver and that miR-155-5p could be a good marker of PUL early hepatotoxicity. Marked inter-individual variabilities in all our results demonstrate the high probability of significant differences in the hepatotoxicity of tested compounds among people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomáš Zárybnický
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, 500 05 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic.
| | - Petra Matoušková
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, 500 05 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic.
| | - Bibiána Lancošová
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, 500 05 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic.
| | - Zdeněk Šubrt
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Králové, Charles University, 500 05 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic.
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Hradec Králové, 500 05 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic.
| | - Lenka Skálová
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, 500 05 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic.
| | - Iva Boušová
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, 500 05 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic.
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183
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Thompson KJ, Nazari SS, Jacobs WC, Grahame NJ, McKillop IH. Use of a crossed high alcohol preferring (cHAP) mouse model with the NIAAA-model of chronic-binge ethanol intake to study liver injury. Alcohol Alcohol 2018; 52:629-637. [PMID: 29036399 DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agx063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2016] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims This study sought to compare mice bred to preferentially consume high amounts of alcohol (crossed-high alcohol preferring, cHAP) to c57BL/6 (C57) mice using a chronic-binge ethanol ingestion model to induce alcoholic liver disease (ALD). Methods Male C57 and cHAP mice were randomized to a Lieber-DeCarli control (LDC) diet, Lieber-DeCarli 5% (v/v) ethanol (LDE) diet or free-choice between 10% (v/v) ethanol in drinking water (EtOH-DW) and DW. After 4 weeks mice were gavaged with either 9 g/kg maltose-dextrin (LDC+MD) or 5 g/kg EtOH (LDE+Binge, EtOH-DW+Binge). Nine hours later tissue and serum were collected and analyzed. Results cHAP mice on EtOH-DW consumed significantly more ethanol than cHAP or C57 mice maintained on LDE. However, cHAP and C57 mice on the LDE+Binge regiment had greater hepatosteatosis and overall degree of liver injury compared to EtOH-DW+Binge. Changes in pro-inflammatory gene expression was more pronounced in cHAP mice than C57 mice. Analysis of liver enzymes revealed a robust induction of CYP2E1 in C57 and cHAP mice maintained on EtOH-DW+Binge or LDE+Binge. However, while C57 mice exhibited higher basal hepatic glutathione than cHAP mice, these mice appeared more susceptible to oxidative stress following LDE+Binge than cHAP counterparts. Conclusions Despite cHAP mice consuming more total ethanol prior to gavage when maintained on EtOH-DW, LDE followed by gavage created a more severe model of ALD in both C57 and cHAP mice. These data suggest factors other than total amount of alcohol consumed affect degree of ALD development in the chronic-binge model in cHAP mice. Short Summary cHAP mice voluntarily consume high amounts of ethanol and exhibited hepatic injury when subject to chronic-binge ethanol feeding with the Lieber-DeCarli diet. However, hepatic injury was reduced in cHAP mice in a chronic-binge model following voluntary high ethanol consumption in drinking water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle J Thompson
- Department of Surgery, Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, NC 28203, USA
| | - Shayan S Nazari
- Department of Surgery, Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, NC 28203, USA.,Department of Biology, UNC at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA
| | - W Carl Jacobs
- Department of Pathology, Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, NC 28203, USA
| | - Nicholas J Grahame
- Department of Psychology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Iain H McKillop
- Department of Surgery, Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, NC 28203, USA
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184
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Substance P blocks ethanol-induced hepatotoxicity. Life Sci 2018; 203:268-275. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Revised: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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185
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Luo Q, Zeng J, Li W, Lin L, Zhou X, Tian X, Liu W, Zhang L, Zhang X. Silencing of miR‑155 suppresses inflammatory responses in psoriasis through inflammasome NLRP3 regulation. Int J Mol Med 2018; 42:1086-1095. [PMID: 29767259 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is a dermatosis with the major clinical symptoms of scale, erythema and itching, and it has a long disease course. In addition, it is easily recurrent and refractory, greatly affecting the physical and mental health of patients. In the present study, it was hypothesized that the function of miR‑155 increases psoriasis‑induced inflammation and that its expression may be dependent on inflammasome activation. miR‑155 expression was examined by gene chip array and quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis. miR‑155 expression levels were significantly increased in an in vivo model of psoriasis compared with normal tissues, as was the expression of NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3). In vitro, using keratinocyte‑induced HaCaT cells as a model for psoriasis, silencing of miR‑155 was confirmed to significantly decrease inflammation and NLRP3/caspase‑1 signaling. Activation of toll‑like receptor 4 (TLR4) enhanced the miR‑155‑induced inflammatory response in the in vitro keratinocyte model. Treatment with a TLR4 inhibitor or an NLRP3 inhibitor reversed the miR‑155‑mediated inflammation in the same cell system. The present study demonstrated that miR‑155 silencing suppressed psoriasis‑associated inflammatory responses through inflammasome NLRP3 regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan Luo
- Department of Dermatology, Guangzhou Institute of Dermatology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510095, P.R. China
| | - Jingxin Zeng
- Department of Dermatology, Guangzhou Institute of Dermatology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510095, P.R. China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Dermatology, Guangzhou Institute of Dermatology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510095, P.R. China
| | - Ling Lin
- Department of Dermatology, Guangzhou Institute of Dermatology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510095, P.R. China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Department of Dermatology, Guangzhou Institute of Dermatology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510095, P.R. China
| | - Xin Tian
- Department of Dermatology, Guangzhou Institute of Dermatology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510095, P.R. China
| | - Weiyu Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Guangzhou Institute of Dermatology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510095, P.R. China
| | - Lidan Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Guangzhou Institute of Dermatology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510095, P.R. China
| | - Xibao Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Guangzhou Institute of Dermatology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510095, P.R. China
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186
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NLRP3: A promising therapeutic target for autoimmune diseases. Autoimmun Rev 2018; 17:694-702. [PMID: 29729449 DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2018.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 178] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
NLRP3, a member of nucleotide-binding domain-(NOD) like receptor family, can be found in large varieties of immune and non-immune cells. Upon activation, the NLRP3, apoptosis-associated speck-like protein (ASC) and pro-caspase-1 would assemble into a multimeric protein, called the NLRP3 inflammasome. Then the inflammasome promotes inflammation (through specific cleavage and production of bioactive IL-1β and IL-18) and pyroptotic cell death. Previous studies have indicated the importance of NLRP3 in regulating innate immunity. Recently, numerous studies have revealed their significance in autoimmune diseases, such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic sclerosis (SSc) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). In this review, we will briefly discuss the biological features of NLRP3 and summarize the recent progression of the involvement of NLRP3 in the development and pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases, as well as its clinical implications and therapeutic potential.
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187
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Momen-Heravi F, Bala S. miRNA regulation of innate immunity. J Leukoc Biol 2018; 103:1205-1217. [PMID: 29656417 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.3mir1117-459r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Revised: 02/15/2018] [Accepted: 02/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNA and are pivotal posttranscriptional regulators of both innate and adaptive immunity. They act by regulating the expression of multiple immune genes, thus, are the important elements to the complex immune regulatory network. Deregulated expression of specific miRNAs can lead to potential autoimmunity, immune tolerance, hyper-inflammatory phenotype, and cancer initiation and progression. In this review, we discuss the contributory pathways and mechanisms by which several miRNAs influence the development of innate immunity and fine-tune immune response. Moreover, we discuss the consequence of deregulated miRNAs and their pathogenic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Momen-Heravi
- Division of Periodontics, Section of Oral and Diagnostic Sciences, Columbia University College of Dental Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Shashi Bala
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
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188
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MicroRNAs as Potential Mediators for Cigarette Smoking Induced Atherosclerosis. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19041097. [PMID: 29642385 PMCID: PMC5979571 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19041097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Revised: 04/02/2018] [Accepted: 04/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Smoking increases the risk of atherosclerosis-related events, such as myocardial infarction and ischemic stroke. Recent studies have examined the expression levels of altered microRNAs (miRNAs) in various diseases. The profiles of tissue miRNAs can be potentially used in diagnosis or prognosis. However, there are limited studies on miRNAs following exposure to cigarette smoke (CS). The present study was designed to dissect the effects and cellular/molecular mechanisms of CS-induced atherosclerogenesis. Apolipoprotein E knockout (ApoE KO) mice were exposed to CS for five days a week for two months at low (two puffs/min for 40 min/day) or high dose (two puffs/min for 120 min/day). We measured the area of atherosclerotic plaques in the aorta, representing the expression of miRNAs after the exposure period. Two-month exposure to the high dose of CS significantly increased the plaque area in aortic arch, and significantly upregulated the expression of atherosclerotic markers (VCAM-1, ICAM-1, MCP1, p22phox, and gp91phox). Exposure to the high dose of CS also significantly upregulated the miRNA-155 level in the aortic tissues of ApoE KO mice. Moreover, the expression level of miR-126 tended to be downregulated and that of miR-21 tended to be upregulated in ApoE KO mice exposed to the high dose of CS, albeit statistically insignificant. The results suggest that CS induces atherosclerosis through increased vascular inflammation and NADPH oxidase expression and also emphasize the importance of miRNAs in the pathogenesis of CS-induced atherosclerosis. Our findings provide evidence for miRNAs as potential mediators of inflammation and atherosclerosis induced by CS.
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189
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Izzotti A, Longobardi M, La Maestra S, Micale RT, Pulliero A, Camoirano A, Geretto M, D'Agostini F, Balansky R, Miller MS, Steele VE, De Flora S. Release of MicroRNAs into Body Fluids from Ten Organs of Mice Exposed to Cigarette Smoke. Theranostics 2018; 8:2147-2160. [PMID: 29721069 PMCID: PMC5928877 DOI: 10.7150/thno.22726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: MicroRNAs are small non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression, thereby playing a role in a variety of physiological and pathophysiological states. Exposure to cigarette smoke extensively downregulates microRNA expression in pulmonary cells of mice, rats, and humans. Cellular microRNAs are released into body fluids, but a poor parallelism was previously observed between lung microRNAs and circulating microRNAs. The purpose of the present study was to validate the application of this epigenetic biomarker by using less invasive collection procedures. Experimental design: Using microarray analyses, we measured 1135 microRNAs in 10 organs and 3 body fluids of mice that were either unexposed or exposed to mainstream cigarette smoke for up to 8 weeks. The results obtained with selected miRNAs were validated by qPCR. Results: The lung was the main target affected by smoke (190 dysregulated miRNAs), followed by skeletal muscle (180), liver (138), blood serum (109), kidney (96), spleen (89), stomach (36), heart (33), bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (32), urine (27), urinary bladder (12), colon (5), and brain (0). Skeletal muscle, kidney, and lung were the most important sources of smoke-altered microRNAs in blood serum, urine, and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, respectively. Conclusions: microRNA expression analysis was able to identify target organs after just 8 weeks of exposure to smoke, well before the occurrence of any detectable histopathological alteration. The present translational study validates the use of body fluid microRNAs as biomarkers applicable to human biomonitoring for mechanistic studies, diagnostic purposes, preventive medicine, and therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Izzotti
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | | | | | - Rosanna T. Micale
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | | | - Anna Camoirano
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Marta Geretto
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | | | - Roumen Balansky
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy
- National Center of Oncology, Sofia-1756, Bulgaria
| | - Mark Steven Miller
- Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Vernon E. Steele
- Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Silvio De Flora
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy
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190
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Schueller F, Roy S, Vucur M, Trautwein C, Luedde T, Roderburg C. The Role of miRNAs in the Pathophysiology of Liver Diseases and Toxicity. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19010261. [PMID: 29337905 PMCID: PMC5796207 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19010261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Revised: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Both acute and chronic liver toxicity represents a major global health burden and an important cause of morbidity and lethality worldwide. Despite epochal progress in the treatment of hepatitis C virus infections, pharmacological treatment strategies for most liver diseases are still limited and new targets for prevention or treatment of liver disease are urgently needed. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) represent a new class of highly conserved small non-coding RNAs that are involved in the regulation of gene expression by targeting whole networks of so called “targets”. Previous studies have shown that the expression of miRNAs is specifically altered in almost all acute and chronic liver diseases. In this context, it was shown that miRNA can exert causal roles, being pro- or anti-inflammatory, as well as pro- or antifibrotic mediators or being oncogenes as well as tumor suppressor genes. Recent data suggested a potential therapeutic use of miRNAs by targeting different steps in the hepatic pathophysiology. Here, we review the function of miRNAs in the context of acute and chronic liver diseases. Furthermore, we highlight the potential role of circulating microRNAs in diagnosis of liver diseases and discuss the major challenges and drawbacks that currently prevent the use of miRNAs in clinical routine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Schueller
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstrasse 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
| | - Sanchari Roy
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstrasse 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
| | - Mihael Vucur
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstrasse 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
| | - Christian Trautwein
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstrasse 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
| | - Tom Luedde
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstrasse 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Hepatobiliary Oncology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstrasse 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
| | - Christoph Roderburg
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstrasse 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
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191
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Shen L, Li Y, Li R, Diao Z, Yany M, Wu M, Sun H, Yan G, Hu Y. Placenta‑associated serum exosomal miR‑155 derived from patients with preeclampsia inhibits eNOS expression in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Int J Mol Med 2018; 41:1731-1739. [PMID: 29328396 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2016] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Preeclampsia (PE) is considered to be initiated by abnormal placentation in early pregnancy and results in systemic endothelial cell dysfunction in the second or third trimester. MicroRNAs (miRs) expressed in the human placenta can be secreted into maternal circulation via exosomes, which are secreted extracellular vesicles that serve important roles in intercellular communication. The present study hypothesized that upregulation of placenta‑associated serum exosomal miR‑155 from patients with PE may suppress endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) expression in endothelial cells. The results demonstrated that placenta‑associated serum exosomes from patients with PE decreased nitric oxide (NO) production and eNOS expression in primary human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Subsequently, an upregulation of placenta‑associated serum exosomal miR‑155 was detected in patients with PE compared with in gestational age‑matched normal pregnant women. In addition, the results demonstrated that overexpression of exosomal miR‑155 from BeWo cells was internalized into HUVECs, and was able to suppress eNOS expression by targeting its 3'‑untranslated region. The results of the present study indicated that placenta‑associated serum exosomes may inhibit eNOS expression in endothelial cell during PE development in humans, and this phenomenon may be partly due to increased miR‑155 expression in placenta‑associated serum exosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Shen
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Drum Tower Clinic Medical College, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Yujing Li
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Drum Tower Clinic Medical College, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Ruotian Li
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Drum Tower Clinic Medical College, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Zhenyu Diao
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Drum Tower Clinic Medical College, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Muyi Yany
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Drum Tower Clinic Medical College, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Mengfei Wu
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Drum Tower Clinic Medical College, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Haixiang Sun
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Drum Tower Clinic Medical College, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Guijun Yan
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Drum Tower Clinic Medical College, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Yali Hu
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Drum Tower Clinic Medical College, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
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192
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Abstract
Adipose tissue represents a large volume of biologically active tissue that exerts substantial systemic effects in health and disease. Alcohol consumption can profoundly disturb the normal functions of adipose tissue by inducing adipocyte death and altering secretion of adipokines, pro-inflammatory mediators and free fatty acids from adipose tissue, which have important direct and indirect effects on the pathogenesis of alcoholic liver disease (ALD). Cessation of alcohol intake quickly reverses inflammatory changes in adipose tissue, and pharmacological treatment that normalizes adipose tissue function improves experimental ALD. Obesity exacerbates liver injury induced by chronic or binge alcohol consumption, and obesity and alcohol can synergize to increase risk of ALD and progression. Physicians who care for individuals with ALD should be aware of the effects of adipose tissue dysfunction on liver function, and consider strategies to manage obesity and insulin resistance. This Review examines the effect of alcohol on adiposity and adipose tissue and the relationship between alcohol, adipose tissue and the liver.
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193
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Kim A, McCullough RL, Poulsen KL, Sanz-Garcia C, Sheehan M, Stavitsky AB, Nagy LE. Hepatic Immune System: Adaptations to Alcohol. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2018; 248:347-367. [PMID: 29374837 DOI: 10.1007/164_2017_88] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Both the innate and adaptive immune systems are critical for the maintenance of healthy liver function. Immune activity maintains the tolerogenic capacity of the liver, modulates hepatocellular response to various stresses, and orchestrates appropriate cellular repair and turnover. However, in response to heavy, chronic alcohol exposure, the finely tuned balance of pro- and anti-inflammatory functions in the liver is disrupted, leading to a state of chronic inflammation in the liver. Over time, this non-resolving inflammatory response contributes to the progression of alcoholic liver disease (ALD). Here we review the contributions of the cellular components of the immune system to the progression of ALD, as well as the pathophysiological roles for soluble and circulating mediators of immunity, including cytokines, chemokines, complement, and extracellular vesicles, in ALD. Finally, we compare the role of the innate immune response in health and disease in the liver to our growing understanding of the role of neuroimmunity in the development and maintenance of a healthy central nervous system, as well as the progression of neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Kim
- Department of Pathobiology, Center for Liver Disease Research, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Rebecca L McCullough
- Department of Pathobiology, Center for Liver Disease Research, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Kyle L Poulsen
- Department of Pathobiology, Center for Liver Disease Research, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Carlos Sanz-Garcia
- Department of Pathobiology, Center for Liver Disease Research, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Megan Sheehan
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Abram B Stavitsky
- Department of Pathobiology, Center for Liver Disease Research, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Laura E Nagy
- Department of Pathobiology, Center for Liver Disease Research, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
- Department of Gastroenterology, Center for Liver Disease Research, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.
- Cleveland Clinic, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA.
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194
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Satishchandran A, Ambade A, Rao S, Hsueh YC, Iracheta-Vellve A, Tornai D, Lowe P, Gyongyosi B, Li J, Catalano D, Zhong L, Kodys K, Xie J, Bala S, Gao G, Szabo G. MicroRNA 122, Regulated by GRLH2, Protects Livers of Mice and Patients From Ethanol-Induced Liver Disease. Gastroenterology 2018; 154:238-252.e7. [PMID: 28987423 PMCID: PMC5742049 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2017.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2016] [Revised: 09/24/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Chronic, excessive alcohol consumption leads to alcoholic liver disease (ALD) characterized by steatosis, inflammation, and eventually cirrhosis. The hepatocyte specific microRNA 122 (MIR122) regulates hepatocyte differentiation and metabolism. We investigated whether an alcohol-induced decrease in level of MIR122 contributes to development of ALD. METHODS We obtained liver samples from 12 patients with ALD and cirrhosis and 9 healthy individuals (controls) and analyzed them by histology and immunohistochemistry. C57Bl/6 mice were placed on a Lieber-DeCarli liquid diet, in which they were fed ethanol for 8 weeks, as a model of ALD, or a control diet. These mice were also given injections of CCl4, to increase liver fibrosis, for 8 weeks. On day 28, mice with ethanol-induced liver disease and advanced fibrosis, and controls, were given injections of recombinant adeno-associated virus 8 vector that expressed the primary miR-122 transcript (pri-MIR122, to overexpress MIR122 in hepatocytes) or vector (control). Two weeks before ethanol feeding, some mice were given injections of a vector that expressed an anti-MIR122, to knock down its expression. Serum and liver tissues were collected; hepatocytes and liver mononuclear cells were analyzed by histology, immunoblots, and confocal microscopy. We performed in silico analyses to identify targets of MIR122 and chromatin immunoprecipitation quantitative polymerase chain reaction analyses in Huh-7 cells. RESULTS Levels of MIR122 were decreased in liver samples from patients with ALD and mice on the Lieber-DeCarli diet, compared with controls. Transgenic expression of MIR122 in hepatocytes of mice with ethanol-induced liver disease and advanced fibrosis significantly reduced serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and liver steatosis and fibrosis, compared with mice given injections of the control vector. Ethanol feeding reduced expression of pri-MIR122 by increasing expression of the spliced form of the transcription factor grainyhead like transcription factor 2 (GRHL2) in liver tissues from mice. Levels of GRHL2 also were increased in liver tissues from patients with ALD, compared with controls; increases correlated with decreases in levels of MIR122 in human liver. Mice given injections of the anti-MIR122 before ethanol feeding had increased steatosis, inflammation, and serum levels of alanine aminotransferase compared with mice given a control vector. Levels of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF1α) mRNA, a target of MIR122, were increased in liver tissues from patients and mice with ALD, compared with controls. Mice with hepatocyte-specific disruption of Hif1α developed less-severe liver injury following administration of ethanol, injection of anti-MIR122, or both. CONCLUSIONS Levels of MIR122 decrease in livers from patients with ALD and mice with ethanol-induced liver disease, compared with controls. Transcription of MIR122 is inhibited by GRHL2, which is increased in livers of mice and patients with ALD. Expression of an anti-MIR122 worsened the severity of liver damage following ethanol feeding in mice. MIR122 appears to protect the liver from ethanol-induced damage by reducing levels of HIF1α. These processes might be manipulated to reduce the severity of ALD in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Satishchandran
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts
| | - Aditya Ambade
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts
| | - Sitara Rao
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts
| | - Ying-Chao Hsueh
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts
| | - Arvin Iracheta-Vellve
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts
| | - David Tornai
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts
| | - Patrick Lowe
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts
| | - Benedek Gyongyosi
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts
| | - Jia Li
- Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts; Department of Pediatrics, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts
| | - Donna Catalano
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts
| | - Li Zhong
- Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts; Department of Pediatrics, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts
| | - Karen Kodys
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts
| | - Jun Xie
- Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts; Department of Microbiology and Physiological Systems, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts
| | - Shashi Bala
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts
| | - Guangping Gao
- Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts; Department of Microbiology and Physiological Systems, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts
| | - Gyongyi Szabo
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts.
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195
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Ramadori P, Cubero FJ, Liedtke C, Trautwein C, Nevzorova YA. Alcohol and Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Adding Fuel to the Flame. Cancers (Basel) 2017; 9:cancers9100130. [PMID: 28946672 PMCID: PMC5664069 DOI: 10.3390/cancers9100130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2017] [Revised: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary tumors of the liver represent the fifth most common type of cancer in the world and the third leading cause of cancer-related death. Case-control studies from different countries report that chronic ethanol consumption is associated with an approximately 2-fold increased odds ratio for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Despite the substantial epidemiologic data in humans demonstrating that chronic alcohol consumption is a major risk factor for HCC development, the pathways causing alcohol-induced liver cancer are poorly understood. In this overview, we summarize the epidemiological evidence for the association between alcohol and liver cancer, review the genetic, oncogenic, and epigenetic factors that drive HCC development synergistically with ethanol intake and discuss the essential molecular and metabolic pathways involved in alcohol-induced liver tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierluigi Ramadori
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstrasse 30, D-52074 Aachen, Germany.
| | - Francisco Javier Cubero
- Department of Immunology, Complutense University School of Medicine, Madrid 28040, Spain.
- 13 de Octubre Health Research Institute (imas12), Madrid 28041, Spain.
| | - Christian Liedtke
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstrasse 30, D-52074 Aachen, Germany.
| | - Christian Trautwein
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstrasse 30, D-52074 Aachen, Germany.
| | - Yulia A Nevzorova
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstrasse 30, D-52074 Aachen, Germany.
- Department of Animal Physiology II, Faculty of Biology, Complutense University, Madrid 28040, Spain.
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196
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Wei Y, Yan X, Yan L, Hu F, Ma W, Wang Y, Lu S, Zeng Q, Wang Z. Inhibition of microRNA‑155 ameliorates cardiac fibrosis in the process of angiotensin II‑induced cardiac remodeling. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:7287-7296. [PMID: 28944921 PMCID: PMC5865857 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.7584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2016] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac fibrosis triggered by pressure overload represents one of the major challenges in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. MicroRNA (miRNA/miR)-155, a member of the small RNA family, has previously been demonstrated to be associated with cardiac inflammation. However, the effect of miR-155 on cardiac fibrosis induced by angiotensin II (Ang II), particularly in cardiac fibroblasts, requires further investigation. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of miR-155 in Ang II-induced cardiac fibrosis using animal models and cardiac fibroblasts. Animal models were established in male miR-155−/− and wild-type (WT) C57Bl/6J mice (10–12 weeks old) by Ang II infusion using subcutaneously implanted minipumps. After 8 weeks of Ang II infusion, the results demonstrated that the deletion of miR-155 in mice markedly ameliorated ventricular remodeling compared with WT mice, as demonstrated by restricted inflammatory responses, decreased heart size, improved cardiac function and reduced myocardial fibrosis. In vitro, overexpression of miR-155 in cardiac fibroblasts led to significantly increased fibroblast to myofibroblast transformation. However, this effect was abrogated by miR-155 silencing. In conclusion, the results of the present study indicate that genetic loss of miR-155 in mice ameliorates cardiac fibrotic remodeling following pressure overload. Therefore, inhibiting miR-155 may have potential as an adjunct to reduce cardiac inflammation in the treatment of cardiac fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhen Wei
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Immunology, Institute of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Xiaofei Yan
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Immunology, Institute of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Lianhua Yan
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Immunology, Institute of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Fen Hu
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Immunology, Institute of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Wenhan Ma
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Immunology, Institute of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Ya Wang
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Immunology, Institute of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Shuai Lu
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Immunology, Institute of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Qiutang Zeng
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Immunology, Institute of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Zhaohui Wang
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Immunology, Institute of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
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197
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Yang Z, Liu M, Wang W, Wang Y, Cao B, Gao Y, Chen H, Li T. Pseudolaric acid B attenuates atopic dermatitis-like skin lesions by inhibiting interleukin-17-induced inflammation. Sci Rep 2017; 7:7918. [PMID: 28801611 PMCID: PMC5554149 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-08485-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Pseudolaric acid B (PB), isolated from the extract of the root bark of Pseudolarix kaempferi Gordon, has been used as a traditional remedy for the treatment of skin diseases. However, the information of PB on atopic dermatitis (AD) remains largely unknown. In the present study, oral administration with PB improved the severity scores of AD-like skin lesions dose-dependently in NC/Nga mice through reducing serum IgE, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and the infiltration of inflammatory cells. In addition, PB significantly attenuated the levels of IL-17 and IL-22, and the proportion of Th17 cells in NC/Nga mice, as well as decreased IL-17-induced inflammation in RAW264.7 cells. Moreover, PB inhibited the phosphorylation of IκBα and miR-155 expression both in NC/Nga mice and in IL-17-stimulated RAW264.7 cells, which could be reversed by GW9662, a specific antagonist for PPARγ. The incorporation of GW9662 reversed the inhibitory effect of PB on the RORγ-mediated activation of the Il17 promoter. Transfection with PPARγ luciferase reporter gene further demonstrated the enhancement of PB on PPARγ transactivation. These findings indicate that PB could ameliorate AD-like skin lesions by inhibiting IL-17-induced inflammation in a PPARγ-dependent manner, which would provide experimental evidence of PB for the therapeutic potential on AD and other inflammatory skin diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Yang
- Department of Science Research, Logistics University of Chinese People's Armed Police Force, Tianjin, 300309, P.R. China
| | - Meilun Liu
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutics, Logistics University of Chinese People's Armed Police Force, Tianjin, 300309, P.R. China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Logistics University of Chinese People's Armed Police Force, Tianjin, 300162, P.R. China
| | - Yiteng Wang
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutics, Logistics University of Chinese People's Armed Police Force, Tianjin, 300309, P.R. China
| | - Bo Cao
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutics, Logistics University of Chinese People's Armed Police Force, Tianjin, 300309, P.R. China
| | - Ying Gao
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutics, Logistics University of Chinese People's Armed Police Force, Tianjin, 300309, P.R. China
| | - Hong Chen
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutics, Logistics University of Chinese People's Armed Police Force, Tianjin, 300309, P.R. China.
| | - Tan Li
- Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Logistics University of Chinese People's Armed Police Force, Tianjin, 300309, P.R. China.
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198
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He Y, Gao B. A small specific-sized hyaluronic acid ameliorates alcoholic liver disease by targeting a small RNA: New hope for therapy? Hepatology 2017; 66:321-323. [PMID: 28437845 PMCID: PMC5519417 DOI: 10.1002/hep.29227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yong He
- Laboratory of Liver Diseases, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Bin Gao
- Laboratory of Liver Diseases, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
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199
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Zhang D, Cui Y, Li B, Luo X, Li B, Tang Y. miR-155 regulates high glucose-induced cardiac fibrosis via the TGF-β signaling pathway. MOLECULAR BIOSYSTEMS 2017; 13:215-224. [PMID: 27924974 DOI: 10.1039/c6mb00649c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac fibrosis, as a pathological process, plays an important role in various cardiac diseases. microRNA-155 (miR-155) is one of the most important miRNAs, and previous studies have shown that it is a regulatory factor in various fibrotic diseases. However, the mechanism by which miR-155 affects myocardial fibrosis remains unclear. In this study, we aim to establish the biological function of miR-155 in myocardial fibrosis induced by diabetes in mice. We used normal C57BL/6 wild type (WT) and miR-155 knockout (KO) mice to establish the diabetic model by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin, and we utilized echocardiography to evaluate the cardiac function at 30 and 60 days post-modeling. Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) and sirius-red (SR) staining were used to evaluate the degree of myocardial lesions. Furthermore, we extracted cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) from the WT mice and transfected them with miR-155 inhibitors, mimics and negative control siRNAs to analyze the specific mechanism involved in the development of myocardial fibrosis. The results showed that miR-155 deficiency could prevent cardiac fibrosis induced by diabetes in mice and also that attenuated collagen synthesis is induced by high glucose (HG) in CFs. We found that miR-155 regulated cardiac fibrosis via the TGF-β1-Smad 2 signaling pathway. These findings suggest that miR-155 may be a therapeutic target for preventing cardiac fibrosis induced by diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Zhang
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, National Centre for Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Beijing Key Laboratory of Pre-Clinical Research and Evaluation for Cardiovascular Implant Materials, Animal Experimental Centre, Beijing 100037, China.
| | - Yongchun Cui
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, National Centre for Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Beijing Key Laboratory of Pre-Clinical Research and Evaluation for Cardiovascular Implant Materials, Animal Experimental Centre, Beijing 100037, China.
| | - Bin Li
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, National Centre for Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Beijing Key Laboratory of Pre-Clinical Research and Evaluation for Cardiovascular Implant Materials, Animal Experimental Centre, Beijing 100037, China.
| | - Xiaokang Luo
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, National Centre for Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Beijing Key Laboratory of Pre-Clinical Research and Evaluation for Cardiovascular Implant Materials, Animal Experimental Centre, Beijing 100037, China.
| | - Bo Li
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, National Centre for Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Beijing Key Laboratory of Pre-Clinical Research and Evaluation for Cardiovascular Implant Materials, Animal Experimental Centre, Beijing 100037, China.
| | - Yue Tang
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, National Centre for Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Beijing Key Laboratory of Pre-Clinical Research and Evaluation for Cardiovascular Implant Materials, Animal Experimental Centre, Beijing 100037, China.
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200
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Gao J, Qin XJ, Jiang H, Chen JF, Wang T, Zhang T, Xu SZ, Song JM. Detecting serum and urine metabolic profile changes of CCl 4-liver fibrosis in rats at 12 weeks based on gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Exp Ther Med 2017; 14:1496-1504. [PMID: 28810615 PMCID: PMC5525970 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.4668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2015] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver fibrosis is caused by liver injury induced by a number of chronic liver diseases, including schistosome infection, hepatitis infection, metabolic disease, alcoholism and cholestasis. The tissue damage occurring after injury or inflammation of the liver is a reversible lesion; however, liver fibrosis has become a worldwide problem and poses a threat to human health. The development of an effective drug for the prevention and treatment of liver fibrosis is ongoing and uses information from different occurrences of liver fibrosis. In the present study, carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced metabonomic changes in serum and urine at 12 weeks were analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) to investigate potential biomarkers. Liver fibrosis was induced in rats by subcutaneous injections of CCl4 twice a week for 12 consecutive weeks. Histopathological changes were used to assess the successful production of a CCl4-induced liver fibrosis model. Serum and urine samples from the two groups were collected at 12 weeks. The metabolic profile changes were analyzed by GC/MS alongside principal component analysis and orthogonal projections to latent structures. Metabolic profile studies indicated that the clustering of the two groups could be separated and seven metabolites in serum and five metabolites in urine were identified. In serum, the metabolites identified included isoleucine, L-malic acid, α-copper, carnitine, hippuric acid, glutaric acid and glucose. In urine 2-hydroxy butyric acid, isoleucine, N-acetyl-β-alanine, cytidine and corticoid were identified. The present study demonstrated that the pathogenesis of liver fibrosis may be associated with the dysfunction of a number of metabolic pathways, including glucose, amino acid, P450, fatty acid, nucleic acid, water-electrolyte and glutathione biosynthesis. Assessing potential biomarkers may therefore provide novel targets and theories for the innovation of novel drugs to prevent and cure liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiarong Gao
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230031, P.R. China
| | - Xiu-Juan Qin
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230031, P.R. China
| | - Hui Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230031, P.R. China
| | - Jin-Feng Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230031, P.R. China
| | - Ting Wang
- College of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230031, P.R. China
| | - Ting Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230031, P.R. China
| | - Shuang-Zhi Xu
- College of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230031, P.R. China
| | - Jun-Mei Song
- College of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230031, P.R. China
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