151
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Cao X, Yang G, Jin X, He L, Li X, Zheng Z, Liu Z, Wu C. A Machine Learning-Based Aging Measure Among Middle-Aged and Older Chinese Adults: The China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:698851. [PMID: 34926482 PMCID: PMC8671693 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.698851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Biological age (BA) has been accepted as a more accurate proxy of aging than chronological age (CA). This study aimed to use machine learning (ML) algorithms to estimate BA in the Chinese population. Materials and methods: We used data from 9,771 middle-aged and older Chinese adults (≥45 years) in the 2011/2012 wave of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study and followed until 2018. We used several ML algorithms (e.g., Gradient Boosting Regressor, Random Forest, CatBoost Regressor, and Support Vector Machine) to develop new measures of biological aging (ML-BAs) based on physiological biomarkers. R-squared value and mean absolute error (MAE) were used to determine the optimal performance of these ML-BAs. We used logistic regression models to examine the associations of the best ML-BA and a conventional aging measure-Klemera and Doubal method-BA (KDM-BA) we previously developed-with physical disability and mortality, respectively. Results: The Gradient Boosting Regression model performed the best, resulting in an ML-BA with an R-squared value of 0.270 and an MAE of 6.519. This ML-BA was significantly associated with disability in basic activities of daily living, instrumental activities of daily living, lower extremity mobility, and upper extremity mobility, and mortality, with odds ratios ranging from 1 to 7% (per 1-year increment in ML-BA, all P < 0.001), independent of CA. These associations were generally comparable to that of KDM-BA. Conclusion: This study provides a valid ML-based measure of biological aging for middle-aged and older Chinese adults. These findings support the application of ML in geroscience research and may help facilitate preventive and geroprotector intervention studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingqi Cao
- Department of Big Data in Health Science, School of Public Health and Center for Clinical Big Data and Analytics, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guanglai Yang
- Global Health Research Center, Duke Kunshan University, Kunshan, China
| | - Xurui Jin
- Global Health Research Center, Duke Kunshan University, Kunshan, China.,MindRank AI ltd., Hangzhou, China
| | - Liu He
- Department of Big Data in Health Science, School of Public Health and Center for Clinical Big Data and Analytics, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xueqin Li
- Department of Big Data in Health Science, School of Public Health and Center for Clinical Big Data and Analytics, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhoutao Zheng
- Department of Big Data in Health Science, School of Public Health and Center for Clinical Big Data and Analytics, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zuyun Liu
- Department of Big Data in Health Science, School of Public Health and Center for Clinical Big Data and Analytics, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chenkai Wu
- Global Health Research Center, Duke Kunshan University, Kunshan, China
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152
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Callahan BL, Plamondon A, Gill S, Ismail Z. Contribution of vascular risk factors to the relationship between ADHD symptoms and cognition in adults and seniors. Sci Rep 2021; 11:24276. [PMID: 34930996 PMCID: PMC8688479 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-03782-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in childhood have been found to be predictive of compromised cognitive function, and possibly even dementia, in later adulthood. This study aimed to test vascular risk as a hypothesized moderator or mediator of this association, because individuals with elevated ADHD symptoms frequently have comorbid vascular disease or risk factors which are recognized to contribute to later-life cognitive decline. Data from 1,092 adults aged 18–85 were drawn from the Enhanced Nathan Kline Institute Rockland Sample. Childhood ADHD symptoms (assessed using the Adult ADHD Clinical Diagnostic Scale) were assessed as predictors of cognitive functioning in adulthood (assessed using subtests from the University of Pennsylvania Computerized Neurocognitive Battery, the Delis-Kaplan Executive Functioning System, and the Wechsler Memory Scale). Vascular risk factors (including diabetes, tobacco use, obesity, hypertension, and hypercholesterolemia) were tested as both a moderator and mediator of this relationship. Childhood ADHD symptoms and vascular risk factors were both independently associated with later-life cognition, but vascular risk was not a significant moderator or mediator of relationships between ADHD symptoms and cognition in statistical models. Results from this large community sample suggest that the relationship between ADHD symptoms and cognition is not accounted for by vascular risk. This question should also be investigated in clinical samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandy L Callahan
- Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 1N4, Canada. .,Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Calgary, AB, Canada.
| | - André Plamondon
- Department of Educational Fundamentals and Practices, Laval University, Quebec, QC, Canada.,Department of Applied Psychology and Human Development, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sascha Gill
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Zahinoor Ismail
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Departments of Psychiatry and Community Health Science, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,O'Brien Institute for Public Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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153
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Malta DC, Bernal RTI, Lima MG, Silva AGD, Szwarcwald CL, Barros MBDA. Socioeconomic inequalities related to noncommunicable diseases and their limitations: National Health Survey, 2019. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE EPIDEMIOLOGIA 2021; 24:e210011. [PMID: 34910065 DOI: 10.1590/1980-549720210011.supl.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE to analyze socioeconomic inequalities in the self-reported prevalence of NonCommunicable Diseases (NCDs) and their disabilities in the Brazilian adult population. METHODS Cross-sectional study with data from the National Health Survey carried out in 2019. The self-reported prevalences of individuals with some noncommunicable diseases were calculated, according to sociodemographic characteristics; and the prevalence and prevalence ratio of these diseases and degrees of disability, according to education and possession of a private health plan. RESULTS 47.6% of the population reported having at least one noncommunicable diseases. Noncommunicable diseases increased progressively with age and were more prevalent in women (PR 1.13; 95%CI 1.1-1.15), in black (PR 1.04; 95%CI 1.01-1, 06) or brown individuals (PR 1.05; 95%CI 1.01-1.09), illiterate or with incomplete elementary education (PR 1.12; 95%CI 1.08-1.16), in the Southeast (PR 1.10; 95%CI 1.05-1.14) and the South (PR 1.07; 95%CI 1.03-1.12) and among individuals who do not have private health insurance (PR 1.02; 95%CI 1.0-1.05). For the majority of noncommunicable diseases investigated, the highest reports of disabilities were among those with low education and without health insurance. CONCLUSION adults with less education and without private health plans have a higher prevalence of noncommunicable diseases and a higher degree of disability. Thus, it is important to analyze health indicators in the face of different populations and disparities, in order to understand and monitor health inequalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Carvalho Malta
- Postgraduate Program in Nursing, School of Nursing, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - Belo Horizonte (MG), Brazil
| | - Regina Tomie Ivata Bernal
- Postgraduate Program in Nursing, School of Nursing, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - Belo Horizonte (MG), Brazil
| | | | - Alanna Gomes da Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Nursing, School of Nursing, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - Belo Horizonte (MG), Brazil
| | - Célia Landmann Szwarcwald
- Instituto de Comunicação e Informação Científica e Tecnológica em Saúde, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz - Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Brazil
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154
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Gomes CS, Gonçalves RPF, Silva AGD, Sá ACMGND, Alves FTA, Ribeiro ALP, Malta DC. Factors associated with cardiovascular disease in the Brazilian adult population: National Health Survey, 2019. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE EPIDEMIOLOGIA 2021; 24:e210013. [PMID: 34910067 DOI: 10.1590/1980-549720210013.supl.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE to estimate the prevalence and investigate the sociodemographic, health, and lifestyle factors associated with the self-reported diagnosis of Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) in the adult Brazilian population. METHODS Data from the National Health Survey (PNS 2019) were analyzed. The presence of CVD was self-reported through the question: "Has any doctor ever given you a diagnosis of heart disease?". Sociodemographic factors, health conditions, and lifestyle were evaluated. For data analysis, Poisson Regression with robust variance was used. RESULTS 5.3% (95%CI 5.04-5.57) of Brazilian adults reported CVD, of which, 29.08% (95%CI 27.04-31.21) underwent coronary artery bypass surgery or angioplasty and 8.26% (95%CI 7.09-9.6) reported severe limitation in usual activities due to CVD. The factors associated with CVD were advanced age; being male; white race/color; complete middle school and incomplete high school education; have health insurance; self-assessing health as regular or bad/very bad; self-reported hypertension, high cholesterol, and diabetes; being a former smoker; consuming fruits and vegetables as recommended; not consuming alcohol in excess; and not practicing leisure-time physical activity. CONCLUSIONS CVD is associated with sociodemographic, health, and lifestyle factors. It is important to support public policies, programs, and goals for the reduction of cardiovascular diseases in Brazil, especially in the most vulnerable groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Crizian Saar Gomes
- Postgraduate Program in Public Health, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - Belo Horizonte (MG), Brazil
| | - Renata Patrícia Fonseca Gonçalves
- Postgraduate Program in Health Education, Department of Nursing, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri - Diamantina (MG), Brazil
| | - Alanna Gomes da Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Nursing, School of Nursing, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - Belo Horizonte (MG), Brazil
| | | | | | - Antonio Luiz Pinho Ribeiro
- Hospital das Clínicas, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - Belo Horizonte (MG), Brazil
| | - Deborah Carvalho Malta
- Postgraduate Program in Public Health, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - Belo Horizonte (MG), Brazil.,Postgraduate Program in Nursing, School of Nursing, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - Belo Horizonte (MG), Brazil.,Maternal and Child Department, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - Belo Horizonte (MG), Brazil
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155
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Mallol R, Vallvé JC, Solà R, Girona J, Bergmann S, Correig X, Rock E, Winklhofer-Roob BM, Rehues P, Guardiola M, Masana L, Ribalta J. Statistical mediation of the relationships between chronological age and lipoproteins by nonessential amino acids in healthy men. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2021; 19:6169-6178. [PMID: 34900130 PMCID: PMC8632714 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2021.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is a major risk factor for metabolic impairment that may lead to age-related diseases such as cardiovascular disease. Different mechanisms that may explain the interplay between aging and lipoproteins, and between aging and low-molecular-weight metabolites (LMWMs), in the metabolic dysregulation associated with age-related diseases have been described separately. Here, we statistically evaluated the possible mediation effects of LMWMs on the relationships between chronological age and lipoprotein concentrations in healthy men ranging from 19 to 75 years of age. Relative and absolute concentrations of LMWMs and lipoproteins, respectively, were assessed by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Multivariate linear regression and mediation analysis were conducted to explore the associations between age, lipoproteins and LMWMs. The statistical significance of the identified mediation effects was evaluated using the bootstrapping technique, and the identified mediation effects were validated on a publicly available dataset. Chronological age was statistically associated with five lipoprotein classes and subclasses. The mediation analysis showed that serine mediated 24.1% (95% CI: 22.9 – 24.7) of the effect of age on LDL-P, and glutamate mediated 17.9% (95% CI: 17.6 – 18.5) of the effect of age on large LDL-P. In the publicly available data, glutamate mediated the relationship between age and an NMR-derived surrogate of cholesterol. Our results suggest that the age-related increase in LDL particles may be mediated by a decrease in the nonessential amino acid glutamate. Future studies may contribute to a better understanding of the potential biological role of glutamate and LDL particles in aging mechanisms and age-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roger Mallol
- La Salle, Ramon Llull University, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Computational Biology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Joan Carles Vallvé
- Research Unit on Lipids and Atherosclerosis, Sant Joan University Hospital, Rovira i Virgili University, IISPV, Reus, Spain.,Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosa Solà
- Research Unit on Lipids and Atherosclerosis, Sant Joan University Hospital, Rovira i Virgili University, IISPV, Reus, Spain.,Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Josefa Girona
- Research Unit on Lipids and Atherosclerosis, Sant Joan University Hospital, Rovira i Virgili University, IISPV, Reus, Spain.,Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Sven Bergmann
- Department of Computational Biology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Xavier Correig
- Metabolomics Platform, Department of Electronic Engineering, Rovira i Virgili University, IISPV, Tarragona, Spain.,Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Edmond Rock
- UMMM, INRA-Theix, St. Genes Champanelle, France
| | - Brigitte M Winklhofer-Roob
- Human Nutrition and Metabolism Research and Training Center, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Karl-Franzens University, Graz, Austria
| | - Pere Rehues
- Research Unit on Lipids and Atherosclerosis, Sant Joan University Hospital, Rovira i Virgili University, IISPV, Reus, Spain.,Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Montse Guardiola
- Research Unit on Lipids and Atherosclerosis, Sant Joan University Hospital, Rovira i Virgili University, IISPV, Reus, Spain.,Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Lluís Masana
- Research Unit on Lipids and Atherosclerosis, Sant Joan University Hospital, Rovira i Virgili University, IISPV, Reus, Spain.,Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Josep Ribalta
- Research Unit on Lipids and Atherosclerosis, Sant Joan University Hospital, Rovira i Virgili University, IISPV, Reus, Spain.,Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
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156
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Ageing and Obesity Shared Patterns: From Molecular Pathogenesis to Epigenetics. Diseases 2021; 9:diseases9040087. [PMID: 34940025 PMCID: PMC8700721 DOI: 10.3390/diseases9040087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In modern societies, ageing and obesity represent medical challenges for healthcare professionals and caregivers. Obesity and ageing share common features including the related cellular and molecular pathways as well as the impacts they have as risk factors for a variety of diseases and health problems. Both of these health problems also share exercise and a healthy lifestyle as the best therapeutic options. Importantly, ageing and obesity also have common epigenetic changes (histone modification, DNA methylation, noncoding RNAs, and chromatin remodeling) that are also impacted by exercise. This suggests that epigenetic pathways are among the mechanisms via which exercise induces its benefits, including ageing and obesity improvements. Exploring these interrelations and based on the fact that both ageing and obesity represent risk factors for each other, would lead to optimizing the available therapeutic approaches towards improved obesity management and healthy ageing.
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157
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Harvanek ZM, Fogelman N, Xu K, Sinha R. Psychological and biological resilience modulates the effects of stress on epigenetic aging. Transl Psychiatry 2021; 11:601. [PMID: 34839356 PMCID: PMC8627511 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-021-01735-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Our society is experiencing more stress than ever before, leading to both negative psychiatric and physical outcomes. Chronic stress is linked to negative long-term health consequences, raising the possibility that stress is related to accelerated aging. In this study, we examine whether resilience factors affect stress-associated biological age acceleration. Recently developed "epigenetic clocks" such as GrimAge have shown utility in predicting biological age and mortality. Here, we assessed the impact of cumulative stress, stress physiology, and resilience on accelerated aging in a community sample (N = 444). Cumulative stress was associated with accelerated GrimAge (P = 0.0388) and stress-related physiologic measures of adrenal sensitivity (Cortisol/ACTH ratio) and insulin resistance (HOMA). After controlling for demographic and behavioral factors, HOMA correlated with accelerated GrimAge (P = 0.0186). Remarkably, psychological resilience factors of emotion regulation and self-control moderated these relationships. Emotion regulation moderated the association between stress and aging (P = 8.82e-4) such that with worse emotion regulation, there was greater stress-related age acceleration, while stronger emotion regulation prevented any significant effect of stress on GrimAge. Self-control moderated the relationship between stress and insulin resistance (P = 0.00732), with high self-control blunting this relationship. In the final model, in those with poor emotion regulation, cumulative stress continued to predict additional GrimAge Acceleration even while accounting for demographic, physiologic, and behavioral covariates. These results demonstrate that cumulative stress is associated with epigenetic aging in a healthy population, and these associations are modified by biobehavioral resilience factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary M. Harvanek
- grid.47100.320000000419368710Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT USA
| | - Nia Fogelman
- grid.47100.320000000419368710Yale Stress Center, Yale University, New Haven, CT USA
| | - Ke Xu
- grid.47100.320000000419368710Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT USA ,Department of Psychiatry, Connecticut Veteran Healthcare System, West Haven, CT USA
| | - Rajita Sinha
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA. .,Yale Stress Center, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA. .,Department of Neuroscience, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA. .,Child Study Center, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
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158
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Uimonen M. Synthesis of multidimensional pathophysiological process leading to type A aortic dissection: a narrative review. J Thorac Dis 2021; 13:6026-6036. [PMID: 34795949 PMCID: PMC8575841 DOI: 10.21037/jtd-21-829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Objective This review aims to synthesize the existing knowledge on the etiological process leading to type A aortic dissection (TAAD) and to clarify the relationship between mechanical, biochemical, and histopathological processes behind the aortic disease. Background Extensive research has previously identified several risk factors for TAAD as well as pathological mechanisms leading to TAAD. However, due to the complexity of the pathological process and limited knowledge on the relationships between distinct pathomechanisms leading to TAAD, the ability to identify the patients at high risk for TAAD has been poor. Methods PubMed (National Library of Medicine) database was searched for suitable literature. The most relevant articles focusing on anatomy, histopathology, physiology, and mechanics of ascending aorta and aortic diseases were reviewed. Conclusions Pathophysiology of the TAAD is related to biochemical and histological as well as mechanical and hemodynamic alterations leading to a degeneration of the aortic wall via inflammatory response. The degradative mechanisms of aortic wall structures and the mechanical forces, to which the wall is predisposed, are interrelated and influence one another. The relativity between the factors influencing aortic wall strength and healing capacity, and factors influencing mechanical stress on the aortic wall suggest that the risk of TAAD is not a linear but rather a dynamic phenomenon. Accounting for the dynamical property of the aortic disease in assessing the need for preventive surgical aortic reconstruction may provide a wider perspective in identifying patients at risk of TAAD and in planning preventive medical therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikko Uimonen
- Department of Surgery, Central Finland Hospital Nova, Jyväskylä, Finland
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159
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Banerjee P, Kotla S, Reddy Velatooru L, Abe RJ, Davis EA, Cooke JP, Schadler K, Deswal A, Herrmann J, Lin SH, Abe JI, Le NT. Senescence-Associated Secretory Phenotype as a Hinge Between Cardiovascular Diseases and Cancer. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:763930. [PMID: 34746270 PMCID: PMC8563837 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.763930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Overlapping risks for cancer and cardiovascular diseases (CVD), the two leading causes of mortality worldwide, suggest a shared biology between these diseases. The role of senescence in the development of cancer and CVD has been established. However, its role as the intersection between these diseases remains unclear. Senescence was originally characterized by an irreversible cell cycle arrest after a high number of divisions, namely replicative senescence (RS). However, it is becoming clear that senescence can also be instigated by cellular stress, so-called stress-induced premature senescence (SIPS). Telomere shortening is a hallmark of RS. The contribution of telomere DNA damage and subsequent DNA damage response/repair to SIPS has also been suggested. Although cellular senescence can mediate cell cycle arrest, senescent cells can also remain metabolically active and secrete cytokines, chemokines, growth factors, and reactive oxygen species (ROS), so-called senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). The involvement of SASP in both cancer and CVD has been established. In patients with cancer or CVD, SASP is induced by various stressors including cancer treatments, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and ROS. Therefore, SASP can be the intersection between cancer and CVD. Importantly, the conventional concept of senescence as the mediator of cell cycle arrest has been challenged, as it was recently reported that chemotherapy-induced senescence can reprogram senescent cancer cells to acquire “stemness” (SAS: senescence-associated stemness). SAS allows senescent cancer cells to escape cell cycle arrest with strongly enhanced clonogenic growth capacity. SAS supports senescent cells to promote both cancer and CVD, particularly in highly stressful conditions such as cancer treatments, myocardial infarction, and heart failure. As therapeutic advances have increased overlapping risk factors for cancer and CVD, to further understand their interaction may provide better prevention, earlier detection, and safer treatment. Thus, it is critical to study the mechanisms by which these senescence pathways (SAS/SASP) are induced and regulated in both cancer and CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Banerjee
- Center for Cardiovascular Sciences, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Sivareddy Kotla
- Department of Cardiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Loka Reddy Velatooru
- Center for Cardiovascular Sciences, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Rei J Abe
- Center for Cardiovascular Sciences, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Elizabeth A Davis
- Center for Cardiovascular Sciences, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States
| | - John P Cooke
- Center for Cardiovascular Sciences, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Keri Schadler
- Department of Pediatrics Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Anita Deswal
- Department of Cardiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Joerg Herrmann
- Department of Cardiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Steven H Lin
- Department of Cardiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Jun-Ichi Abe
- Department of Cardiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Nhat-Tu Le
- Center for Cardiovascular Sciences, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States
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160
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Monti P, Solazzo G, Ferrari L, Bollati V. Extracellular Vesicles: Footprints of environmental exposures in the aging process? Curr Environ Health Rep 2021; 8:309-322. [PMID: 34743313 DOI: 10.1007/s40572-021-00327-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF THE REVIEW Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nano-sized lipid particles that participate in intercellular signaling through the trafficking of bioactive molecules from parental cells to recipient ones. This well-orchestrated communication system is crucial for the organism to respond to external cues in a coordinated manner; indeed, environmental and lifestyle exposures can modify both EV number and content, with consequences on cellular metabolism and homeostasis. In particular, a growing body of evidence suggests that exposome-induced changes in EV profile could regulate the aging process, both at the cellular and organismal levels. Here, we provide an overview of the role played by ambient-induced EVs on aging and age-related diseases. Among the several environmental factors that can affect the communication network operated by EVs, we focused on air pollution, ultraviolet light, diet, and physical exercise. Moreover, we performed a miRNA target analysis, to support the role of EV-miRNA emerging from the literature in the context of aging. RECENT FINDINGS The overall emerging picture strongly supports a key regulatory role for EVs at the interface between external stimuli and cellular/organismal aging, thus providing novel insights into the molecular mechanisms linking a "healthy exposome" to well-being in old age. In addition, this knowledge will pave the way for research aimed at developing innovative antiaging strategies based on EVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Monti
- EPIGET Lab, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università Degli Studi Di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Solazzo
- EPIGET Lab, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università Degli Studi Di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Ferrari
- EPIGET Lab, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università Degli Studi Di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Valentina Bollati
- EPIGET Lab, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università Degli Studi Di Milano, Milan, Italy. .,Occupational Health Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.
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161
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Tamaki N, Kurosaki M, Takahashi Y, Itakura Y, Inada K, Kirino S, Yamashita K, Sekiguchi S, Hayakawa Y, Osawa L, Higuchi M, Takaura K, Maeyashiki C, Kaneko S, Yasui Y, Tsuchiya K, Nakanishi H, Itakura J, Izumi N. Liver fibrosis and fatty liver as independent risk factors for cardiovascular disease. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2021; 36:2960-2966. [PMID: 34154037 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.15589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM The association between liver fibrosis, fatty liver, and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk is unknown. Hence, this study aimed to investigate the association of liver fibrosis and fatty liver with CVD risk independent of already known CVD risk comorbidities. METHODS This is a prospective study registered with the University Hospital Medical Information Network clinical trial registry (UMIN000036175). Liver fibrosis was assessed by serum fibrosis markers including FIB-4, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease fibrosis score (NFS), and Wisteria floribunda agglutinin-positive Mac-2 binding protein (WFA+ -M2BP), whereas fatty liver was diagnosed by ultrasonography. CVD risk was evaluated using the Framingham risk score (FRS), and a high CVD risk was defined as an FRS ≥ 20%. RESULTS A total of 3512 subjects were enrolled, and high CVD risk (FRS ≥ 20%) was observed in 17.5%. Advanced fibrosis (FIB-4 ≥ 2.67, NFS ≥ 0.675, and WFA+ -M2BP ≥ 1.0) and the presence of fatty liver were significantly associated with high CVD risk independent of diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, and hypertension. When subjects were stratified by liver fibrosis and fatty liver, subjects with advanced fibrosis and fatty liver have the highest odds for high CVD risk (odds ratio [OR]: 5.90-35.6), followed by subjects with advanced fibrosis and without fatty liver (OR: 2.53-9.62) using subjects without advanced fibrosis and fatty liver as a reference. CONCLUSIONS Liver fibrosis and fatty liver were associated with CVD risk independent of already known CVD risk comorbidities. The assessment of liver fibrosis and fatty liver may be useful to identify high CVD risk subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuharu Tamaki
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Musashino Red Cross Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masayuki Kurosaki
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Musashino Red Cross Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuka Takahashi
- Medical Examination Center, Musashino Red Cross Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshie Itakura
- Medical Examination Center, Musashino Red Cross Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kento Inada
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Musashino Red Cross Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sakura Kirino
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Musashino Red Cross Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koji Yamashita
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Musashino Red Cross Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shuhei Sekiguchi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Musashino Red Cross Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuka Hayakawa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Musashino Red Cross Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Leona Osawa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Musashino Red Cross Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mayu Higuchi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Musashino Red Cross Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenta Takaura
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Musashino Red Cross Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chiaki Maeyashiki
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Musashino Red Cross Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shun Kaneko
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Musashino Red Cross Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yutaka Yasui
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Musashino Red Cross Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kaoru Tsuchiya
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Musashino Red Cross Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Nakanishi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Musashino Red Cross Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jun Itakura
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Musashino Red Cross Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Namiki Izumi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Musashino Red Cross Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
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Koutsaliaris IK, Moschonas IC, Pechlivani LM, Tsouka AN, Tselepis AD. Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, Vascular Aging And Atherosclerotic Ischemic Stroke. Curr Med Chem 2021; 29:5496-5509. [PMID: 34547993 DOI: 10.2174/0929867328666210921161711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Vascular aging is a crucial risk factor for atherosclerotic ischemic stroke. Vascular aging is characterized by oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction, inflammation, intimal and media thickening, as well as the gradual development of arterial stiffness, among other pathophysiological features. Regarding oxidative stress, increased concentration of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species is linked to atherosclerotic ischemic stroke in vascular aging. Additionally, oxidative stress is associated with an inflammatory response. Inflammation is related to aging through the "inflammaging" theory, which is characterized by decreased ability to cope with a variety of stressors, in combination with an increased pro-inflammatory state. Vascular aging is correlated with changes in cerebral arteries that are considered predictors of the risk for atherosclerotic ischemic stroke. The aim of the present review is to present the role of oxidative stress and inflammation in vascular aging, as well as their involvement in atherosclerotic ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis K Koutsaliaris
- Atherothrombosis Research Centre/Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, 45110, Ioannina. Greece
| | - Iraklis C Moschonas
- Atherothrombosis Research Centre/Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, 45110, Ioannina. Greece
| | - Louisa M Pechlivani
- Atherothrombosis Research Centre/Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, 45110, Ioannina. Greece
| | - Aikaterini N Tsouka
- Atherothrombosis Research Centre/Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, 45110, Ioannina. Greece
| | - Alexandros D Tselepis
- Atherothrombosis Research Centre/Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, 45110, Ioannina. Greece
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163
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Opportunities and Challenges in Stem Cell Aging. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1341:143-175. [PMID: 33748933 DOI: 10.1007/5584_2021_624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Studying aging, as a physiological process that can cause various pathological phenotypes, has attracted lots of attention due to its increasing burden and prevalence. Therefore, understanding its mechanism to find novel therapeutic alternatives for age-related disorders such as neurodegenerative and cardiovascular diseases is essential. Stem cell senescence plays an important role in aging. In the context of the underlying pathways, mitochondrial dysfunction, epigenetic and genetic alterations, and other mechanisms have been studied and as a consequence, several rejuvenation strategies targeting these mechanisms like pharmaceutical interventions, genetic modification, and cellular reprogramming have been proposed. On the other hand, since stem cells have great potential for disease modeling, they have been useful for representing aging and its associated disorders. Accordingly, the main mechanisms of senescence in stem cells and promising ways of rejuvenation, along with some examples of stem cell models for aging are introduced and discussed. This review aims to prepare a comprehensive summary of the findings by focusing on the most recent ones to shine a light on this area of research.
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164
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy W Rhoads
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison; Madison, WI, USA
| | - Rozalyn M Anderson
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison; Madison, WI, USA. .,Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital; Madison, WI, USA
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165
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Liu R, Meng J, Lou D. Adiponectin inhibits D‑gal‑induced cardiomyocyte senescence via AdipoR1/APPL1. Mol Med Rep 2021; 24:719. [PMID: 34396435 PMCID: PMC8383031 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.12358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to examine whether adiponectin could inhibit cardiomyocyte senescence induced by D-galactose (D-gal), and whether it functioned via the adiponectin receptor 1 (AdipoR1)/adaptor protein phosphotyrosine interacting with PH domain and leucine zipper 1 (APPL1) signaling pathway. For this purpose, the expression levels of adiponectin, AdipoR1 and APPL1 in mouse plasma and myocardial tissues were detected via reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) and western blotting. An adiponectin-overexpression plasmid was transfected into D-gal-treated H9c2 cells prior to the detection of AdipoR1 and APPL1 expression by RT-qPCR. Senescence-associated β-galactose staining was then performed to observe cellular senescence following the transfection of small interfering RNAs (si) targeting AdipoR1 and APPL1 into D-gal-treated H9c2 cells overexpressing adiponectin. Commercial kits were used to detect reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and malondialdehyde (MDA) content in the different groups. The expression levels of heme oxygenase (HO)-1 and high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) were examined by western blot analysis. The results revealed that the expression levels of adiponectin, AdipoR1 and APPL1 were downregulated in aged mouse plasma, myocardial tissues and D-gal-treated cardiomyocytes. It was also observed that AdipoR1 and APPL1 expression levels were significantly upregulated following the overexpression of adiponectin into D-gal-treated cardiomyocytes. Moreover, adiponectin overexpression reduced cellular senescence induced by D-gal and the expression of p16 and p21; these effects were reversed following transfection with si-AdipoR1 and si-APPL1. Adiponectin also downregulated the levels of ROS and MDA in D-gal-treated H9c2 cells via AdipoR1/APPL1. Additionally, the release of HO-11/HMGB1 was affected by adiponectin via AdipoR1/APPL1, and adiponectin/AdipoR1/APPL1 suppressed ROS production via HO-1/HMGB1. On the whole, the present study demonstrated that adiponectin played an inhibitory role in cardiomyocyte senescence via the AdioR1/APPL1 signaling pathway and inhibited the levels of oxidative stress in senescent cardiomyocytes via the HO-1/HMGB1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiying Liu
- Department of Geriatric Cardiovascular, General Hospital of Southern Theater Command, Chinese People's Liberation Army, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510010, P.R. China
| | - Jing Meng
- Department of Geriatrics, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200071, P.R. China
| | - Danfei Lou
- Department of Geriatrics, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200071, P.R. China
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166
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Tabares-Guevara JH, Villa-Pulgarin JA, Hernandez JC. Atherosclerosis: immunopathogenesis and strategies for immunotherapy. Immunotherapy 2021; 13:1231-1244. [PMID: 34382409 DOI: 10.2217/imt-2021-0009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory condition in which atheroma accumulates within the intima of the arterial wall, is a life-threatening manifestation of cardiovascular disease, due to atheroma rupture, chronic luminal narrowing and thrombosis. Current knowledge of the role of a protective immune response in atherosclerotic lesions has provided promising opportunities to develop new immunotherapeutic strategies. In particular, Tregs exert an atheroprotective role by releasing anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10/TGF-β) and suppressing autoreactive T lymphocytes. In vivo animal experiments have shown that this can be achieved by developing vaccines that stimulate immunological tolerance to atheroma antigens. Here, we present an overview of the current knowledge of the proatherogenic immune response, and we discuss the strategies currently used as immunoregulatory therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Janny A Villa-Pulgarin
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Corporación Universitaria Remington, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Juan C Hernandez
- Infettare, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Medellín, Colombia
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167
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Esfahani NS, Wu Q, Kumar N, Ganesan LP, Lafuse WP, Rajaram MVS. Aging influences the cardiac macrophage phenotype and function during steady state and during inflammation. Aging Cell 2021; 20:e13438. [PMID: 34342127 PMCID: PMC8373275 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging‐mediated immune dysregulation affects the normal cardiac immune cell phenotypes and functions, resulting in cardiac distress. During cardiac inflammation, immune activation is critical for mounting the regenerative responses to maintain normal heart function. We investigated the impact of aging on myeloid cell phenotype and function during cardiac inflammation induced by a sub‐lethal dose of LPS. Our data show that hearts of old mice contain more myeloid cells than the hearts of young mice. However, while the number of monocytic‐derived suppressor cells did not differ between young and old mice, monocytic‐derived suppressor cells from old mice were less able to suppress T‐cell proliferation. Since cardiac resident macrophages (CRMs) are important for immune surveillance, clearance of dead cells, and tissue repair, we focused our studies on CRMs phenotype and function during steady state and LPS treatment. In the steady state, we observed significantly more MHC‐IIlow and MHC‐IIhigh CRMs in the hearts of old mice; however, these populations were decreased in both young and aged mice upon LPS treatment and the decrease in CRM populations correlated with defects in cardiac electrical activity. Notably, mice treated with a liver X receptor (LXR) agonist showed an increase in MerTK expression in CRMs of both young and old mice, which resulted in the reversal of cardiac electrical dysfunction caused by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). We conclude that aging alters the phenotype of CRMs, which contributes to the dysregulation of cardiac electrical dysfunction during infection in aged mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noushin Saljoughian Esfahani
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity/ College of Medicine The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Columbus OH USA
| | - Qian Wu
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity/ College of Medicine The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Columbus OH USA
| | - Naresh Kumar
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity/ College of Medicine The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Columbus OH USA
| | - Latha Prabha Ganesan
- Department of Internal Medicine College of Medicine The Ohio State UniversityWexner Medical Center Columbus OH USA
| | - William P. Lafuse
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity/ College of Medicine The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Columbus OH USA
| | - Murugesan V. S. Rajaram
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity/ College of Medicine The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Columbus OH USA
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168
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Qiao Y, Liu S, Li G, Lu Y, Wu Y, Shen Y, Ke C. Longitudinal Follow-Up Studies on the Bidirectional Association between ADL/IADL Disability and Multimorbidity: Results from Two National Sample Cohorts of Middle-Aged and Elderly Adults. Gerontology 2021; 67:563-571. [PMID: 34182559 DOI: 10.1159/000513930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Few studies have investigated the bidirectional relationship between disability and multimorbidity, which are common conditions among the older population. Based on the data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) and the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE), we aimed to investigate the bidirectional relationship between disability and multimorbidity. METHODS The activities of daily living (ADLs) and the instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs) scales were used to measure disability. In stage I, we used multinomial logistic regression to assess the longitudinal association between ADL/IADL disability and follow-up multimorbidity. In stage II, binary logistic regression was used to evaluate the multimorbidity effect on future disability. RESULTS Compared with those free of disability, people with disability possessed ascending risks for developing an increasing number of diseases. For ADL disability, the odds ratio (OR) (95% confidence interval [CI]) values of developing ≥4 diseases were 4.10 (2.58, 6.51) and 6.59 (4.54, 9.56) in CHARLS and SHARE; for IADL disability, the OR (95% CI) values were 2.55 (1.69, 3.84) and 4.85 (3.51, 6.70) in CHARLS and SHARE. Meanwhile, the number of diseases at baseline was associated, in a dose-response manner, with future disability. Compared with those without chronic diseases, participants carrying ≥4 diseases had OR (95% CI) values of 4.82 (3.73, 6.21)/4.66 (3.65, 5.95) in CHARLS and 3.19 (2.59, 3.94)/3.28 (2.71, 3.98) in SHARE for developing ADL/IADL disability. CONCLUSION The consistent findings across 2 national longitudinal studies supported a strong bidirectional association between disability and multimorbidity among middle-aged and elderly adults. Thus, tailored interventions should be taken to prevent the mutual development of disability and multimorbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Qiao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Siyuan Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Guochen Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yanqiang Lu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Ying Wu
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yueping Shen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Chaofu Ke
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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169
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Sun H, Sun Y, Yu X, Gao X, Wang H, Zhang L, Shi Y, He X. Analysis of Age-Related Circular RNA Expression Profiles in Mesenchymal Stem Cells of Rat Bone Marrow. Front Genet 2021; 12:600632. [PMID: 34262589 PMCID: PMC8273880 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.600632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
As multicellular organisms age, they undergo a reduction in tissue and organ function. Researchers have put forward a theory that stem cell aging is the main factor responsible for decreased tissue and organ function. The adult stem cells guarantee the maintenance and repair of adult tissues and organs. Among adult stem cells, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are emerging as hopeful candidates for cell-based therapy of numerous diseases. In recent years, high-throughput sequencing technologies have evolved to identify circular RNAs (circRNAs) associated with an increasing number of diseases, such as cancer and age-related diseases. It has been reported that circRNAs can compete with microRNAs (miRNAs) to affect the stability or translation of target RNAs and further regulate gene expression at the transcriptional level. However, the role of circRNAs expressed in MSCs in aging mechanisms has not yet been deciphered. The aim of this study was to explore and analyze the expression profiles of age-related circRNAs in MSCs. In this study, bone marrow MSCs were extracted from aged and young rats and analyzed using high-throughput sequencing and bioinformatics. The reliability of high-throughput RNA sequencing was verified by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. The most important circRNA functions and pathways were further selected by Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomics (KEGG) analysis. Age-related circRNAs were found in the circrNA-miRNA-mRNA interaction network. The results of high-throughput sequencing showed that 4,229 circRNAs were involved in age-related senescence of MSCs. Compared with the young group, there were 29 differentially expressed circRNAs in the aged group, of which four were upregulated and 25 were downregulated. GO analysis covered three domains: biological process (BP), cellular component (CC), and molecular function (MF). The terms assigned to the BP domain were cellular metabolic processes and cellular macromolecule metabolic processes. The identified CC terms were intracellular and intracellular part, and the identified MF terms were binding and protein binding. The top five KEGG pathways were mitophagy-animal-Rattus norvegicus, prostate cancer-Rattus norvegicus, pathways in cancer-Rattus norvegicus, lysosome-Rattus norvegicus, and autophagy-animal-Rattus norvegicus. Altogether, circRNAs may play a major role in age-related MSC senescence. This study provides new mechanistic insights into MSC senescence, possibly leading to novel therapeutic strategies for age-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Sun
- The Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yanan Sun
- The Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiao Yu
- The Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xingyu Gao
- The Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Huan Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yingai Shi
- The Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xu He
- The Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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170
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Lu J, Wang Y, Hou L, Zuo Z, Zhang N, Wei A. Multimorbidity patterns in old adults and their associated multi-layered factors: a cross-sectional study. BMC Geriatr 2021; 21:372. [PMID: 34147073 PMCID: PMC8214251 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-021-02292-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Influenced by various factors such as socio-demographic characteristics, behavioral lifestyles and socio-cultural environment, the multimorbidity patterns in old adults remain complex. This study aims to identify their characteristics and associated multi-layered factors based on health ecological model. METHODS In 2019, we surveyed a total of 7480 participants aged 60+ by using a multi-stage random cluster sampling method in Shanxi province, China. Latent class analysis was used to discriminate the multimorbidity patterns in old adults, and hierarchical regression was performed to determine the multi-layered factors associated with their various multimorbidity patterns. RESULTS The prevalence of multimorbidity was 34.70% among the old patients with chronic disease. Over half (60.59%) of the patients with multimorbidity had two co-existing chronic diseases. "Degenerative/digestive diseases", "metabolic diseases" and "cardiovascular diseases" were three specific multimorbidity patterns. Behavioral lifestyles-layered factors had the most explanatory power for the three patterns, whose proportions of explanatory power were 54.00, 43.90 and 48.15% individually. But the contributions of other multi-layered factors were different in different patterns; balanced diet, medication adherence, the size of family and friendship network, and different types of basic medical insurance might have the opposite effect on the three multimorbidity patterns (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS In management of old patients with multimorbidity, we should prioritize both the "lifestyle change"-centered systematic management strategy and group-customized intervention programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Lu
- School of Management, Shanxi Medical University, 56 Xinjian South Road, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi Province, China.
| | - Yuan Wang
- School of Management, Shanxi Medical University, 56 Xinjian South Road, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Lihong Hou
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Zhenxing Zuo
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Na Zhang
- School of Management, Shanxi Medical University, 56 Xinjian South Road, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Anle Wei
- School of Management, Shanxi Medical University, 56 Xinjian South Road, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi Province, China
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Poore TS, Taylor-Cousar JL, Zemanick ET. Cardiovascular complications in cystic fibrosis: A review of the literature. J Cyst Fibros 2021; 21:18-25. [PMID: 34140249 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcf.2021.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis is a genetic disease caused by mutations in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene, leading to dysfunction of the CFTR protein. CFTR dysfunction leads to disease in the respiratory and gastrointestinal systems. Disorders of the cardiovascular system in individuals with CF are usually attributed to secondary effects from progressive lung disease. However, CFTR has been localized to vascular endothelium and smooth muscle, suggesting that CFTR dysfunction may directly impact cardiovascular function. As treatments for CF improve and life-expectancy increases, the risk of vascular disease may increase in prevalence related to primary and secondary CFTR dysfunction, chronic systemic inflammation, nutritional health and hyperglycemia in individuals with CF related diabetes. Here we review the available literature on CF and the cardiovascular system, examining the secondary effects and evidence for direct CFTR dysfunction in the heart, aorta, pulmonary vessels, and vasculature, as well as future directions and treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Spencer Poore
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | | | - Edith T Zemanick
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
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172
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Zhao M, Song JX, Zheng FF, Huang L, Feng YF. Potentially Inappropriate Medication and Associated Factors Among Older Patients with Chronic Coronary Syndrome at Hospital Discharge in Beijing, China. Clin Interv Aging 2021; 16:1047-1056. [PMID: 34135577 PMCID: PMC8200161 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s305006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Medication therapy is crucial in the management of chronic coronary syndrome (CCS). The use of potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs) contributes to poor outcomes in older patients, making it a major public health concern. However, few studies are available on PIMs use in older Chinese CCS patients. To investigate the frequency of prescribed PIMs at discharge and explore risk factors in older adults with CCS. Patients and Methods The cross-sectional study was conducted in a tertiary hospital in China over three months, from 1st October to 31st December, 2019. CCS patients aged over 60 years who were discharged alive were recruited. Information on demographics and medications at discharge was collected. Clinical data including diagnoses, frailty status, New York Heart Association (NYHA) class and age-adjusted Charlson Comorbidity Index (ACCI) were evaluated in each patient. PIMs were identified using the 2019 Beers criteria. Binary logistic regression was performed to recognize variables related to PIMs. Results A total of 447 eligible patients with 2947 medications were included. The prevalence of PIMs use was 38%. Medications to be avoided, to be used with caution, and with drug–drug interactions were 38.4%, 48.9% and 12.7% of the PIMs, respectively. Medications with drug–disease/syndrome interactions and those adjusted for kidney function were not identified. The common PIMs were diuretics (37.1%), benzodiazepines and benzodiazepine receptor agonist hypnotics (15.2%), glimepiride (13.1%), and co-prescription of potassium-sparing diuretics and renin-angiotensin system (RAS) inhibitors (9.7%). Individuals with frailty syndrome, polypharmacy, multiple comorbidities, atrial fibrillation, psychiatric disorders and greater NYHA class severity were more likely to receive PIMs. Conclusion Prescription of PIMs was a common burden in older adults. A CCS multidisciplinary team is needed to control PIMs, especially in vulnerable older patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun-Xian Song
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang-Fang Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Fei Feng
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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G-MDSCs promote aging-related cardiac fibrosis by activating myofibroblasts and preventing senescence. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:594. [PMID: 34103476 PMCID: PMC8187421 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-03874-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Aging is one of the most prominent risk factors for heart failure. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) accumulate in aged tissue and have been confirmed to be associated with various aging-related diseases. However, the role of MDSCs in the aging heart remains unknown. Through RNA-seq and biochemical approaches, we found that granulocytic MDSCs (G-MDSCs) accumulated significantly in the aging heart compared with monocytic MDSCs (M-MDSCs). Therefore, we explored the effects of G-MDSCs on the aging heart. We found that the adoptive transfer of G-MDSCs of aging mice to young hearts resulted in cardiac diastolic dysfunction by inducing cardiac fibrosis, similar to that in aging hearts. S100A8/A9 derived from G-MDSCs induced inflammatory phenotypes and increased the osteopontin (OPN) level in fibroblasts. The upregulation of fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) expression in fibroblasts mediated by G-MDSCs promoted antisenescence and antiapoptotic phenotypes of fibroblasts. SOX9 is the downstream gene of FGF2 and is required for FGF2-mediated and G-MDSC-mediated profibrotic effects. Interestingly, both FGF2 levels and SOX9 levels were upregulated in fibroblasts but not in G-MDSCs and were independent of S100A8/9. Therefore, a novel FGF2-SOX9 signaling axis that regulates fibroblast self-renewal and antiapoptotic phenotypes was identified. Our study revealed the mechanism by which G-MDSCs promote cardiac fibrosis via the secretion of S100A8/A9 and the regulation of FGF2-SOX9 signaling in fibroblasts during aging.
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174
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Microbiota and Metabolite Modifications after Dietary Exclusion of Dairy Products and Reduced Consumption of Fermented Food in Young and Older Men. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13061905. [PMID: 34205926 PMCID: PMC8228243 DOI: 10.3390/nu13061905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota adapts to age-related changes in host physiology but is also affected by environmental stimuli, like diet. As a source of both pre- and probiotics, dairy and fermented foods modulate the gut microbiota composition, which makes them interesting food groups to use for the investigation of interactions between diet and ageing. Here we present the effects of excluding dairy products and limiting fermented food consumption for 19 days on gut microbiota composition and circulating metabolites of 28 healthy, young (YA) and older (OA) adult men. The intervention affected gut microbial composition in both groups, with significant increases in Akkermansia muciniphila and decreases in bacteria of the Clostridiales order. Lower fasting levels of glucose and insulin, as well as dairy-associated metabolites like lactose and pentadecanoic acid, were observed after the intervention, with no effect of age. The intervention also decreased HDL and LDL cholesterol levels. Dairy fat intake was positively associated with the HDL cholesterol changes but not with the LDL/HDL ratio. In conclusion, restricting the intake of dairy and fermented foods in men modified their gut microbiota and blood metabolites, while the impact of the dietary restrictions on these outcomes was more marked than the effect of age.
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175
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Classification and Prediction on the Effects of Nutritional Intake on Overweight/Obesity, Dyslipidemia, Hypertension and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Using Deep Learning Model: 4-7th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18115597. [PMID: 34073854 PMCID: PMC8197245 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18115597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Few studies have been conducted to classify and predict the influence of nutritional intake on overweight/obesity, dyslipidemia, hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) based on deep learning such as deep neural network (DNN). The present study aims to classify and predict associations between nutritional intake and risk of overweight/obesity, dyslipidemia, hypertension and T2DM by developing a DNN model, and to compare a DNN model with the most popular machine learning models such as logistic regression and decision tree. Subjects aged from 40 to 69 years in the 4-7th (from 2007 through 2018) Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) were included. Diagnostic criteria of dyslipidemia (n = 10,731), hypertension (n = 10,991), T2DM (n = 3889) and overweight/obesity (n = 10,980) were set as dependent variables. Nutritional intakes were set as independent variables. A DNN model comprising one input layer with 7 nodes, three hidden layers with 30 nodes, 12 nodes, 8 nodes in each layer and one output layer with one node were implemented in Python programming language using Keras with tensorflow backend. In DNN, binary cross-entropy loss function for binary classification was used with Adam optimizer. For avoiding overfitting, dropout was applied to each hidden layer. Structural equation modelling (SEM) was also performed to simultaneously estimate multivariate causal association between nutritional intake and overweight/obesity, dyslipidemia, hypertension and T2DM. The DNN model showed the higher prediction accuracy with 0.58654 for dyslipidemia, 0.79958 for hypertension, 0.80896 for T2DM and 0.62496 for overweight/obesity compared with two other machine leaning models with five-folds cross-validation. Prediction accuracy for dyslipidemia, hypertension, T2DM and overweight/obesity were 0.58448, 0.79929, 0.80818 and 0.62486, respectively, when analyzed by a logistic regression, also were 0.52148, 0.66773, 0.71587 and 0.54026, respectively, when analyzed by a decision tree. This study observed a DNN model with three hidden layers with 30 nodes, 12 nodes, 8 nodes in each layer had better prediction accuracy than two conventional machine learning models of a logistic regression and decision tree.
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176
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George KM, Gilsanz P, Peterson RL, Barnes LL, DeCarli CS, Mayeda ER, Mungas DM, Whitmer RA. Impact of Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Adolescence, Young Adulthood, and Midlife on Late-Life Cognition: Study of Healthy Aging in African Americans. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2021; 76:1692-1698. [PMID: 34387334 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glab143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Midlife cardiovascular risk factors (CVRFs) increase risk of dementia. Black Americans experience an elevated prevalence of CVRFs and dementia. However, little is known of how CVRFs prior to midlife affect late-life cognition. We examined CVRFs in adolescence, young adulthood, and midlife with late-life cognition in the Study of Healthy Aging in African Americans (STAR). METHOD STAR assesses cognitive aging among 764 Black Americans aged ≥50 (mean age = 69; SD = 9; range = 53-95). Participants' body mass index, blood pressure, glucose, and total cholesterol were collected during Multiphasic Health Checkups (MHC; 1964-1985). At STAR baseline (2018-2019), executive function, verbal episodic memory, and semantic memory were measured using the Spanish and English Neuropsychological Assessment Scales. Linear regression models examined associations between CVRFs and cognition adjusting for demographics and years since MHC. RESULTS At MHC, 36% of participants had 1 CVRF and 26% had ≥2. Twenty-two percent of participants were adolescents (age 12-20), 62% young adults (age 21-34), and 16% midlife adults (age 35-56). Overweight/obesity was not associated with cognition. Hypertension was associated with worse executive function (β [95% CI]: -0.14 [-0.28, -0.0003]) and verbal episodic memory (β [95% CI]: -0.22 [-0.37, -0.07]) compared to normotension. Diabetes was associated with worse executive function (β [95% CI]: -0.43 [-0.83, -0.03]). Having ≥2 CVRFs (vs 0) was associated with worse executive function (β [95% CI]: -0.19 [-0.34, -0.03]) and verbal episodic memory (β [95% CI]: -0.25 [-0.41, -0.08]). Adolescents with hypertension had lower late-life executive function compared to normotensive adolescents (β [95% CI]: -0.39 [-0.67, -0.11]). Young adulthood hypertension (β [95% CI]: -0.29 [-0.49, -0.09]) and midlife hyperlipidemia (β [95% CI]: -0.386 [-0.70, -0.02]) were associated with lower verbal episodic memory. CONCLUSIONS Among Black Americans, life-course CVRFs were associated with poorer executive function and verbal episodic memory emphasizing the importance of cardiovascular health on the aging brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristen M George
- Department of Neurology, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, USA
| | - Paola Gilsanz
- Kaiser Permanente Division of Research, Oakland, California, USA
| | - Rachel L Peterson
- Department of Neurology, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, USA
| | - Lisa L Barnes
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush Medical College, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Charles S DeCarli
- Department of Neurology, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, USA
| | - Elizabeth Rose Mayeda
- Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Dan M Mungas
- Department of Neurology, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, USA
| | - Rachel A Whitmer
- Department of Neurology, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, USA.,Kaiser Permanente Division of Research, Oakland, California, USA.,Department of Public Health Sciences, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, USA
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177
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Ma Y, Liu Y, Han F, Qiu H, Shi J, Huang N, Hou N, Sun X. Growth differentiation factor 11: a "rejuvenation factor" involved in regulation of age-related diseases? Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:12258-12272. [PMID: 33886503 PMCID: PMC8109099 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Growth differentiation factor 11 (GDF11), a member of the transforming growth factor β superfamily of cytokines, is a critical rejuvenation factor in aging cells. GDF11 improves neurodegenerative and neurovascular disease outcomes, increases skeletal muscle volume, and enhances muscle strength. Its wide-ranging biological effects may include the reversal of senescence in clinical applications, as well as the ability to reverse age-related pathological changes and regulate organ regeneration after injury. Nevertheless, recent data have led to controversy regarding the functional roles of GDF11, because the underlying mechanisms were not clearly established in previous studies. In this review, we examine the literature regarding GDF11 in age-related diseases and discuss potential mechanisms underlying the effects of GDF11 in regulation of age-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Ma
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
- Department of Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Yongping Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
- Department of Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Fang Han
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Hongyan Qiu
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
- Department of Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Junfeng Shi
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
- Department of Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Na Huang
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Ningning Hou
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Xiaodong Sun
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
- Department of Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
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178
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Zhang J, Chen Z, Yu H, Lu Y, Yu W, Miao M, Shi H. Anti-aging effects of a functional food via the action of gut microbiota and metabolites in aging mice. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:17880-17900. [PMID: 33878733 PMCID: PMC8312451 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Wushen (WS) is a mixed food containing 55 natural products that is beneficial to human health. This study aimed to reveal the preventive effect of WS on aging via a combined analysis of gut microbiome and metabolome. Senescence-accelerated mouse prone 8 (SAMP8) mice were used as aging model and senescence-accelerated mouse resistant 1 (SAMR1) mice as control. The mice were fed four diet types; control diet (for SAMR1 mice), standard diet (for SAMP8 mice, as SD group), WS diet, and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT; transplanted from aging-WS mice). Our results showed that the weight, food intake, neurological function, and general physical conditions significantly improved in WS-fed mice compared to those fed with SD. The CA1 hippocampal region in WS-fed aged mice showed fewer shriveled neurons and increased neuronal layers compared to that of the SD group. WS-fed mice showed a decrease in malondialdehyde and an increase in superoxide dismutase levels in the brain; additionally, IL-6 and TNF-α levels significantly decreased, whereas IL-2 levels and the proportion of lymphocytes, CD3+CD8+ T, and CD4+IFNγ+T cells increased in WS-fed mice. After fed with WS, the abundance of Ruminococcus and Butyrivibrio markedly increased, whereas Lachnoclostridium and Ruminiclostridium significantly decreased in the aging mice. In addition, 887 differentially expressed metabolites were identified in fecal samples, among these, Butyrivibrio was positively correlated with D-glucuronic acid and Ruminococcus was positively associated with 5-acetamidovalerate. These findings provide mechanistic insight into the impact of WS on aging, and WS may be a valuable diet for preventing aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huai'an 223002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhewen Chen
- Department of Nutrition, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou 310000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Huaixi Yu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huai'an 223002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yanwen Lu
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huai'an 223002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Weinan Yu
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huai'an 223002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mingyong Miao
- Institute of BioPharmaceutical Research, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, Shandong, China.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Hanping Shi
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of Clinical Nutrition, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100038, China
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179
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Han Z, Zhang Y, Wang P, Tang Q, Zhang K. Is acupuncture effective in the treatment of COVID-19 related symptoms? Based on bioinformatics/network topology strategy. Brief Bioinform 2021; 22:6235963. [PMID: 33866350 PMCID: PMC8083275 DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbab110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Acupuncture is an important part of Chinese medicine that has been widely used in the treatment of inflammatory diseases. During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic, acupuncture has been used as a complementary treatment for COVID-19 in China. However, the underlying mechanism of acupuncture treatment of COVID-19 remains unclear. Based on bioinformatics/topology, this paper systematically revealed the multi-target mechanisms of acupuncture therapy for COVID-19 through text mining, bioinformatics, network topology, etc. Two active compounds produced after acupuncture and 180 protein targets were identified. A total of 522 Gene Ontology terms related to acupuncture for COVID-19 were identified, and 61 pathways were screened based on the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes. Our findings suggested that acupuncture treatment of COVID-19 was associated with suppression of inflammatory stress, improving immunity and regulating nervous system function, including activation of neuroactive ligand–receptor interaction, calcium signaling pathway, cancer pathway, viral carcinogenesis, Staphylococcus aureus infection, etc. The study also found that acupuncture may have additional benefits for COVID-19 patients with cancer, cardiovascular disease and obesity. Our study revealed for the first time the multiple synergistic mechanisms of acupuncture on COVID-19. Acupuncture may play an active role in the treatment of COVID-19 and deserves further promotion and application. These results may help to solve this pressing problem currently facing the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhen Han
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Tianjin Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Pengqian Wang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qilin Tang
- Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Hebei, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Tianjin Gong An Hospital, Tianjin, China
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180
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Ding Q, Wang F, Guo X, Liang M. The relationship between mean platelet volume and metabolic syndrome in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A retrospective study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e25303. [PMID: 33787620 PMCID: PMC8021380 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000025303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the association between mean platelet volume (MPV) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Data for 1240 patients with T2DM admitted to the Department of Endocrinology at the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University between January 1, 2017 and June 1, 2020 were collected retrospectively via electronic medical records, including demographic information, complete blood count, lipid profile, and glucose metabolism indexes. MetS was defined according to the Chinese Diabetes Society. Among the 1240 patients enrolled, 873 (70.40%) had MetS. MPV was significantly higher in patients with MetS (P < .001). For individual MetS components, MPV was significantly higher in the presence of abdominal obesity (P = .013) and hypertriglyceridemia (P = .026), but did not differ in the presence of elevated blood pressure (P = .330) or low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (P = .790). Moreover, MPV was independently associated with MetS after adjustment for sex, smoking, alcohol drinking, white blood cell count, fasting C-peptide, and body mass index (odds ratio 1.174, 95% confidence interval 1.059-1.302). The odds ratio for MetS in the highest tertile, compared with the lowest MPV tertile, was 1.724 (95% confidence interval 1.199-2.479, P for trend = .003) after multiple adjustment. In stratified analyses, the positive correlation of MPV with MetS was significant only in patients who were older, male, or overweight, or who had poor glycemic control. In conclusion, high MPV was positively associated with the presence of MetS in patients with T2DM, particularly older, male, or overweight patients, or those with poor glycemic control.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fangwei Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
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181
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Camelo RM, Duarte BP, do Nascimento AM, Vanderlei AM. Third-degree atrioventricular block and pacemaker implantation in a man with severe hemophilia A: A case report. J Arrhythm 2021; 37:460-461. [PMID: 33850593 PMCID: PMC8021993 DOI: 10.1002/joa3.12513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Hemophilia A (HA) is a rare bleeding disorder characterized by reduced factor VIII (FVIII) activity and consequently spontaneous bleeding. Since the introduction of prophylaxis with safer FVIII concentrates, people with HA are ageing. Interestingly, they are developing cardiovascular diseases as their non-hemophilia counterparts. We describe a 48-year-old patient with severe HA who presented a third-degree atrioventricular block. A DDDR pacemaker was implanted under supervision of the Hematology Clinics. There were no adverse events during the procedure. The procedure was safe, and it should be performed under the supervision of a hemophilia expert.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Mesquita Camelo
- Fundação de Hematologia e Hemoterapia de Pernambuco (HEMOPE)RecifeBrazil
- Faculty of MedicineUniversidade Federal de Minas GeraisBelo HorizonteBrazil
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182
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Ding X, Lian H, Wang X. Management of Very Old Patients in Intensive Care Units. Aging Dis 2021; 12:614-624. [PMID: 33815886 PMCID: PMC7990356 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2020.0914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The global population is aging and the demand for critical care wards increasing. Aging is associated not only with physiological and cognitive vulnerability, but also with a decline in organ function. A new topic in geriatric care is how to appropriately use critical care resources and provide the best treatment plan for very old patients (VOPs). Our special geriatric intensive care unit has admitted nearly 500 VOPs. In this review, we share our VOP treatment strategy and summarize the key points as “ABCCDEFGHI bundles.” The aim is to help intensivists to provide more comprehensive therapy for VOPs in intensive care units.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Ding
- 1Department of Critical Care Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Lian
- 2Department of Health Care, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoting Wang
- 1Department of Critical Care Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,2Department of Health Care, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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183
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Relationship between office isolated systolic or diastolic hypertension and white-coat hypertension across the age spectrum: a home blood pressure study. J Hypertens 2021; 38:663-670. [PMID: 31790056 DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0000000000002320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The current study investigated the prevalence of white-coat hypertension (WCH) and white-coat uncontrolled hypertension (WUCH) throughout the age spectrum among individuals with office isolated systolic hypertension (ISH), isolated diastolic hypertension (IDH) and systolic-diastolic hypertension (SDH) who were untreated or treated with antihypertensive medications, respectively. METHODS We cross-sectionally evaluated 8809 untreated (42% males, 52.1 ± 16.2 years) and 9136 treated (39% males, 59.7 ± 14.5 years) individuals from two independent Brazilian populations who underwent home blood pressure monitoring. Participants were also categorized as younger (<40 years), intermediate (≥40 and <60 years) and older (≥60 years) age. RESULTS Unadjusted and adjusted analyses showed that the frequency of WCH and WUCH was significantly greater (P < 0.05) in ISH and IDH than SDH at all age groups. Logistic regression analysis adjusted for sex, BMI and studied population showed that, compared with SDH, ISH had in average 4.1, 3.1 and 1.6-fold greater risk of WCH and 3.3, 3.6 and 2.0-fold greater risk of WUCH at younger, intermediate and older ages, whereas IDH had in average 2.3, 2.6 and 2.0-fold greater risk of WCH and 3.8, 3.2 and 3.8-fold greater risk of WUCH at younger, intermediate and older ages, respectively. CONCLUSION ISH and IDH were associated with higher prevalence of WCH and WUCH than SDH across all age spectrum. In addition, treated and untreated ISH individuals with age less than 60 years and treated IDH individuals of all ages had the highest risk of having WCH phenotypes.
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184
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The Therapeutic Potential of Epigenome-Modifying Drugs in Cardiometabolic Disease. CURRENT GENETIC MEDICINE REPORTS 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s40142-021-00198-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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185
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Characteristics of Physical Exercise Programs for Older Adults in Latin America: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18062812. [PMID: 33802095 PMCID: PMC8000929 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18062812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
AIM To characterize physical exercise programs for older adults in Latin America. METHODS This review was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA statement. A search for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published between the years 2015 and 2020 was performed in the Scopus, MedLine and SciELO databases. RESULTS A total of 101 RCTs were included. A large percentage of the studies had an unclear risk of bias in the items: selection, performance, detection and attribution. Furthermore, a heterogeneous level of compliance was observed in the CERT items. A total sample of 5013 older adults (79% women) was included. 97% of the studies included older adults between 60-70 years, presenting an adherence to the interventions of 86%. The studies were mainly carried out in older adults with cardiometabolic diseases. Only 44% of the studies detailed information regarding the place of intervention; of these studies, 61% developed their interventions in university facilities. The interventions were mainly based on therapeutic physical exercise (89% of the articles), with a duration of 2-6 months (95% of the articles) and a frequency of 2-3 times a week (95% of the articles) with sessions of 30-60 min (94% of the articles) led by sports science professionals (51% of the articles). The components of physical fitness that were exercised the most were muscular strength (77% of the articles) and cardiorespiratory fitness (47% of the articles). Furthermore, only 48% of the studies included a warm-up stage and 34% of the studies included a cool-down stage. CONCLUSIONS This systematic review characterized the physical exercise programs in older adults in Latin America, as well the most frequently used outcome measures and instruments, by summarizing available evidence derived from RCTs. The results will be useful for prescribing future physical exercise programs in older adults.
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Lin Z, Miao J, Zhang T, He M, Zhou X, Zhang H, Gao Y, Bai L. d-Mannose suppresses osteoarthritis development in vivo and delays IL-1β-induced degeneration in vitro by enhancing autophagy activated via the AMPK pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 135:111199. [PMID: 33401221 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.111199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Revised: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a heterogeneous disease that is consistently difficult to treat due to the complexity of the regulatory network involved in OA pathogenesis, especially in terms of cartilage degeneration. As a C-2 epimer of glucose, d-mannose can alleviate bone loss and repress immunopathology by upregulating regulatory T cells; however, the role of d-mannose in OA-related cartilage degeneration remains unknown. In this study, we investigated the chondroprotective effect of d-mannose in vitro and in vivo on OA. We found that incubating interleukin (IL)-1β-treated rat chondrocytes with d-mannose restrained OA degeneration by elevating cell proliferation, strongly activating autophagy, reducing apoptosis, and downregulating catabolism. Additionally, oral gavage administration of d-mannose to monosodium iodoacetate (MIA)-treated rats revealed that a median (1.25 g/kg/day) rather than high or low dose of d-mannose suppressed OA progression and attenuated OA development based on lower macroscopic scores for cartilage, decreased histological scores for cartilage and synovium, strongly activated autophagy, and downregulated catabolism. In terms of a downstream mechanism, we showed that d-mannose might attenuate OA degeneration by activating autophagy in IL-1β-treated rat chondrocytes by promoting the phosphorylation of 5' AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). Our in vitro findings revealed that d-mannose delayed IL-1β-induced OA degeneration in rat chondrocytes by enhancing autophagy activation through the AMPK pathway. Furthermore, the in vivo results indicated that a median dose of d-mannose suppressed MIA-induced OA development. These results suggested that d-mannose exhibits chondroprotective effects and represents a potential disease-modifying drug and novel therapeutic agent for OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiming Lin
- Department of Orthopedics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110000, China
| | - Jianing Miao
- Medical Research Center/Liaoning Key Laboratory of Research and Application of Animal Models for Environmental and Metabolic Diseases, Shenyang, 110000, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Xiamen Branch of Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, Xiamen, 361000, China
| | - Ming He
- Department of Orthopedics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110000, China
| | - Xiaonan Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110000, China
| | - He Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110000, China
| | - Yue Gao
- Department of Radiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110000, China
| | - Lunhao Bai
- Department of Orthopedics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110000, China.
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187
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Oliveira MS, da Silva Torquato BG, Tsuji SY, Aguiar LS, Juliano GR, da Silveira LAM, Miranda Corrêa RR, Rocha LB, da Fonseca Ferraz ML. Morphological and Histopathological Study of Autopsied Patients with Atherosclerosis and HIV. Curr HIV Res 2021; 19:121-127. [PMID: 33135614 DOI: 10.2174/1570162x18999201029123356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic infection by HIV evolves with a vascular inflammatory action causing endothelial dysfunction. The action of the virus, as well as the side effects of antiretroviral drugs, contribute to the progression of cardiovascular diseases. The present study aimed to evaluate the percentage of collagen fibers and the density of mast cells, chymase and tryptase, in aortas of patients with and without HIV, and also patients with and without atherosclerosis. METHODS Aortic fragments were obtained from autopsied patients aged 22-69 years and selected regardless of the cause of death or underlying disease. The samples were divided into four groups, (1) Group with HIV and with atherosclerosis; (2) Group with HIV and without atherosclerosis; (3) Group without HIV and with atherosclerosis; (4) Group without HIV and without atherosclerosis (Control). The percentage of collagen fibers was analyzed in the intima-media layer and the density of mast cells was analyzed in all aortic layers. Graphpad Prism 5.0® software was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS There were more collagen fibers in HIV patients, with or without atherosclerosis. The group with HIV and atherosclerosis presented a higher density of chymase and tryptase mast cells. The correlation between collagen fibers and age was negative in the non-HIV group and with atherosclerosis. CONCLUSION The inflammatory process resulting from HIV infection may be relevant in the alteration of aortic collagen fibers and in triggering or accelerating atherosclerosis. The study is important because HIV patients have increased risks for the development of cardiovascular diseases, and follow-up is necessary to prevent such diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Silva Oliveira
- General Pathology Department, Triângulo Mineiro Federal University, St: Frei Paulino, 30. Zip Code: 38025-180, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Bianca Gonçalves da Silva Torquato
- General Pathology Department, Triângulo Mineiro Federal University, St: Frei Paulino, 30. Zip Code: 38025-180, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Simone Yumi Tsuji
- General Pathology Department, Triângulo Mineiro Federal University, St: Frei Paulino, 30. Zip Code: 38025-180, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Laura Sanches Aguiar
- General Pathology Department, Triângulo Mineiro Federal University, St: Frei Paulino, 30. Zip Code: 38025-180, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Ribeiro Juliano
- General Pathology Department, Triângulo Mineiro Federal University, St: Frei Paulino, 30. Zip Code: 38025-180, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Luciano Alves Matias da Silveira
- General Pathology Department, Triângulo Mineiro Federal University, St: Frei Paulino, 30. Zip Code: 38025-180, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Rosana Rosa Miranda Corrêa
- General Pathology Department, Triângulo Mineiro Federal University, St: Frei Paulino, 30. Zip Code: 38025-180, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Lenaldo Branco Rocha
- General Pathology Department, Triângulo Mineiro Federal University, St: Frei Paulino, 30. Zip Code: 38025-180, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Mara Lúcia da Fonseca Ferraz
- General Pathology Department, Triângulo Mineiro Federal University, St: Frei Paulino, 30. Zip Code: 38025-180, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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188
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Choi Y, Park JH, Kim DH, Kim HJ, Suh E, Kim KH, Ahn JJ, Lee GN, Jung JH, Han K, Shin YN. Association between cotinine-verified smoking status and moderately increased albuminuria in the middle-aged and older population in Korea: A nationwide population-based study. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0246017. [PMID: 33566809 PMCID: PMC7875375 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0246017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Although several self-reported questionnaire-based studies have found an association between smoking and moderately increased albuminuria, this result remains controversial. We investigated whether moderately increased albuminuria was associated with smoking status, verified by urinary cotinine (an objective biomarker of tobacco exposure), using population-based, nationally representative data. Methods This study included 2059 participants aged ≥ 50 years from the 2014 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Individuals with a urinary cotinine level ≥ 50 ng/mL were identified as cotinine-verified smokers. Moderately increased albuminuria was defined as a urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio ranging between ≥ 30 mg/g and < 300 mg/g. Multivariable logistic regression was used to evaluate the association between cotinine-verified smoking status and moderately increased albuminuria. Results Among the study participants, 16.9% were cotinine-verified smokers, 84.8% of whom were men. After adjustment for multiple covariates, cotinine-verified smokers showed a significant positive association with moderately increased albuminuria (adjusted odds ratio: 4.37, 95% confidence interval: 1.63–11.71) compared with cotinine-verified non-smokers. The association between urinary cotinine and moderately increased albuminuria did not differ with age, sex, obesity, or comorbidities (P-value for interaction > 0.05 in all cases). Conclusion This large-scale observational study showed that cotinine-verified smoking is associated with moderately increased albuminuria in the Korean middle-aged and older general population, suggesting that smoking must be strictly controlled to reduce the risk of moderately increased albuminuria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeonjoo Choi
- Department of Family Medicine, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo-Hyun Park
- Department of Family Medicine, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail: (JHP); (DHK)
| | - Do-Hoon Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail: (JHP); (DHK)
| | - Hyun Jin Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan, Republic of Korea
| | - Euijung Suh
- Department of Family Medicine, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Hoon Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Joon Ahn
- Department of Family Medicine, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyu-Na Lee
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Hyung Jung
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungdo Han
- Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, Soongsil University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - You-Na Shin
- Korea Medical Institute Suwon Center, Suwon, Republic of Korea
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189
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Petrocelli JJ, McKenzie AI, Mahmassani ZS, Reidy PT, Stoddard GJ, Poss AM, Holland WL, Summers SA, Drummond MJ. Ceramide Biomarkers Predictive of Cardiovascular Disease Risk Increase in Healthy Older Adults After Bed Rest. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2021; 75:1663-1670. [PMID: 32215553 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glaa072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute bed rest places older adults at risk for health complications by disrupting homeostasis in many organ systems, including the cardiovascular system. Circulating ceramides are emerging biomarkers predictive of cardiovascular and metabolic health and have recently been shown to be sensitive indices of cardiovascular (CV) risk. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to characterize the time course of changes in circulating ceramides in healthy younger and older adults after 5 days of bed rest and to determine whether short-term bed rest alters CV-related circulating ceramides. We hypothesized that circulating ceramides predictive of poor cardiometabolic outcomes would increase following 5 days of bed rest. Thirty-five healthy younger and older men and women (young: n = 13, old: n = 22) underwent 5 days of controlled bed rest. Fasting blood samples collected daily during the course of bed rest were used to measure circulating ceramides, lipoproteins, adiponectin, and fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) levels. The primary findings were that circulating ceramides decreased while ceramide ratios and the cardiac event risk test 1 score were increased primarily in older adults, and these findings were independent of changes in circulating lipoprotein levels. Additionally, we found that changes in circulating adiponectin, FGF21 and the 6-minute walk test (6MW) inversely correlated with CV-related circulating ceramides after bed rest. The results of this study highlight the sensitivity of circulating ceramides to detect potential CV dysfunction that may occur with acute physical disuse in aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan J Petrocelli
- Department of Physical Therapy and Athletic Training, University of Utah, Salt Lake City
| | - Alec I McKenzie
- Department of Physical Therapy and Athletic Training, University of Utah, Salt Lake City
| | - Ziad S Mahmassani
- Department of Physical Therapy and Athletic Training, University of Utah, Salt Lake City
| | - Paul T Reidy
- Department of Physical Therapy and Athletic Training, University of Utah, Salt Lake City
| | - Gregory J Stoddard
- Division of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City
| | - Annelise M Poss
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City
| | - William L Holland
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City
| | - Scott A Summers
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City
| | - Micah J Drummond
- Department of Physical Therapy and Athletic Training, University of Utah, Salt Lake City
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190
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Mijas M, Koziara K, Galbarczyk A, Jasienska G. Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Bears and Other Gay Men: A Descriptive Study from Poland. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:1044. [PMID: 33503945 PMCID: PMC7908132 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18031044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
A risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) is increased by multiple factors including psychosocial stress and health behaviors. Sexual minority men who identify as Bears form a subculture distinguished by characteristics associated with increased CVD risk such as elevated stress and high body weight. However, none of the previous studies comprehensively investigated CVD risk in this population. Our study compared Bears (N = 31) with other gay men (N = 105) across a wide range of CVD risk factors. Logistic regression and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) models were performed to compare both groups concerning behavioral (e.g., physical activity), medical (e.g., self-reported hypertension), and psychosocial (e.g., depressiveness) CVD risk factors. Bears were characterized by older age and higher body mass index (BMI) than the control group. We also observed higher resilience, self-esteem, as well as greater prevalence of self-reported hypertension, diabetes, and hypercholesterolemia in Bears. None of these differences remained statistically significant after adjusting for age and, in the case of self-reported diagnosis of diabetes, both age and BMI. Our study demonstrates that Bears are characterized by increased CVD risk associated predominantly with older age and higher BMI. Health promotion interventions addressed to this community should be tailored to Bears' subcultural norms and should encourage a healthier lifestyle instead of weight loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Mijas
- Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 8 Skawinska St., PL 31066 Krakow, Poland; (A.G.); (G.J.)
| | - Karolina Koziara
- Institute of Psychology, Faculty of Philosophy, Jagiellonian University, 6 Ingardena St., PL 30060 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Andrzej Galbarczyk
- Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 8 Skawinska St., PL 31066 Krakow, Poland; (A.G.); (G.J.)
| | - Grazyna Jasienska
- Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 8 Skawinska St., PL 31066 Krakow, Poland; (A.G.); (G.J.)
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191
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Akpa OM, Okekunle AP, Ovbiagele B, Sarfo FS, Akinyemi RO, Akpalu A, Wahab KW, Komolafe M, Obiako R, Owolabi LF, Ogbole G, Fawale B, Fakunle A, Asaleye CM, Akisanya CO, Hamisu DA, Ogunjimi L, Adeoye A, Ogah O, Lackland D, Uvere EO, Faniyan MM, Asowata OJ, Adeleye O, Aridegbe M, Olunuga T, Yahaya IS, Olaleye A, Calys-Tagoe B, Owolabi MO. Factors associated with hypertension among stroke-free indigenous Africans: Findings from the SIREN study. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) 2021; 23:773-784. [PMID: 33484599 PMCID: PMC8263562 DOI: 10.1111/jch.14183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Hypertension is one of the most important risk factors for stroke and cardiovascular diseases (CVD) globally. Understanding risk factors for hypertension among individuals with matching characteristics with stroke patients may inform primordial/primary prevention of hypertension and stroke among them. This study identified the risk factors for hypertension among community-dwelling stroke-free population in Ghana and Nigeria. Data for 4267 community-dwelling stroke-free controls subjects in the Stroke Investigative Research and Education Network (SIREN) study in Nigeria and Ghana were used. Participants were comprehensively assessed for sociodemographic, lifestyle and metabolic factors using standard methods. Hypertension was defined as a previous diagnosis by a health professional or use of an anti-hypertensive drug or mean systolic blood pressure ≥ 140 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure ≥ 90 mmHg. Logistic regression analysis was used to estimate adjusted odds ratios (aOR) of hypertension and their 95% confidence intervals (CI) at p < .05. Overall, 56.7% of the participants were hypertensive with a higher proportion among respondents aged ≥60 years (53.0%). Factors including physical inactivity (aOR: 9.09; 95% CI: 4.03 to 20.53, p < .0001), diabetes (aOR: 2.70; CI: 1.91 to 3.82, p < .0001), being ≥60 years (aOR: 2.22; 95% CI: 1.78 to 2.77, p < .0001), and family history of CVD (aOR 2.02; CI: 1.59 to 2.56, p < .0001) were associated with increased aOR of hypertension. Lifestyle factors were associated with hypertension in the current population of community-dwelling stroke-free controls in west Africa. Community-oriented interventions to address sedentary lifestyles may benefit this population and reduce/prevent hypertension and stroke among them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Onoja M Akpa
- Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.,Center for Genomic and Precision Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.,Preventive Cardiology Research Unit, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Akinkunmi P Okekunle
- Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.,The Postgraduate College, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Bruce Ovbiagele
- School of Medicine, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San-Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Fred S Sarfo
- Department of Medicine, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Rufus O Akinyemi
- Center for Genomic and Precision Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.,Department of Medicine, Federal Medical Centre, Abeokuta, Nigeria.,Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Albert Akpalu
- Department of Community Health, University of Ghana Medical School, Accra, Ghana
| | - Kolawole W Wahab
- Department of Medicine, University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - Morenikeji Komolafe
- Department of Medicine, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
| | - Reginald Obiako
- Department of Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
| | - Lukman F Owolabi
- Department of Medicine, Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria
| | - Godwin Ogbole
- Department of Radiology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Bimbo Fawale
- Department of Medicine, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
| | - Adekunle Fakunle
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Christianah M Asaleye
- Department of Medicine, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
| | | | | | - Luqman Ogunjimi
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Obafemi Awolowo College of Health Sciences, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Shagamu, Nigeria
| | - Abiodun Adeoye
- Center for Genomic and Precision Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Okechukwu Ogah
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Dan Lackland
- Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Ezinne O Uvere
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | | | - Osahon J Asowata
- Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | | | - Mayowa Aridegbe
- Department of Medicine, Federal Medical Centre, Abeokuta, Nigeria
| | - Taiwo Olunuga
- Department of Medicine, Federal Medical Centre, Abeokuta, Nigeria
| | - Isah S Yahaya
- Department of Medicine, Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria
| | - Adeniji Olaleye
- Department of Medicine, Federal Medical Centre, Abeokuta, Nigeria
| | - Benedict Calys-Tagoe
- Department of Community Health, University of Ghana Medical School, Accra, Ghana
| | - Mayowa O Owolabi
- Center for Genomic and Precision Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.,Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
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192
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Fagundes RR, Vitorino PVO, Lelis EDS, Jardim PCBV, Souza ALL, Jardim TDSV, Cunha PMGM, Barroso WKS. Relationship between Pulse Wave Velocity and Cardiovascular Biomarkers in Patients with Risk Factors. Arq Bras Cardiol 2021; 115:1125-1132. [PMID: 33470311 PMCID: PMC8133733 DOI: 10.36660/abc.20190348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The relationship between pulse wave velocity (PWV) and biomarkers of structural changes of the left ventricle and carotid arteries remains poorly understood. OBJECTIVE To investigate the relationship between PWV and these biomarkers. METHODS This was an analytical, retrospective, cross-sectional study. Medical records of patients with diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, and pre-hypertension or hypertension, who underwent central blood pressure (CBP) measurement using Mobil-O-Graph®, and carotid doppler or echocardiography three months before and after the CBPM were analyzed. Statistical analysis was performed using Pearson or Spearman correlation, linear bivariate and multiple regression analysis, and the t test (independent) or Mann-Whitney test. A p <0.05 indicated statistical significance. RESULTS Medical records of 355 patients were analyzed, mean age 56.1 (±14.8) years, 51% male. PWV was correlated with intima-media thickness (IMT) of carotids (r=0.310) and left ventricular septal thickness (r=0.191), left ventricular posterior wall thickness (r=0.215), and left atrial diameter (r=0.181). IMT was associated with PWV adjusted by age and peripheral systolic pressure (p=0.0004); IMT greater than 1 mm increased the chance of having PWV above 10 m/s by 3.94 times. PWV was significantly higher in individuals with left ventricular hypertrophy (p=0.0001), IMT > 1 mm (p=0.006), carotid plaque (p=0.0001), stenosis ≥ 50% (p=0.003), and target-organ damage (p=0.0001). CONCLUSION PWV was correlated with IMT and echocardiographic parameters, and independently associated with IMT. This association was stronger in individuals with left ventricular hypertrophy, increased IMT, carotid plaque, stenosis ≥ 50%, and target organ damage. (Arq Bras Cardiol. 2020; 115(6):1125-1132).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ellen de Souza Lelis
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás - Escola de Ciências Sociais e da Saúde, Goiânia, GO - Brasil
| | | | - Ana Luiza Lima Souza
- Universidade Federal de Goiás,Goiânia, GO - Brasil.,Universidade Federal de Goiás - Liga de Hipertensão, Goiânia, GO - Brasil
| | - Thiago de Souza Veiga Jardim
- Universidade Federal de Goiás,Goiânia, GO - Brasil.,Universidade Federal de Goiás - Liga de Hipertensão, Goiânia, GO - Brasil
| | | | - Weimar Kunz Sebba Barroso
- Universidade Federal de Goiás,Goiânia, GO - Brasil.,Universidade Federal de Goiás - Liga de Hipertensão, Goiânia, GO - Brasil
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193
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Ladehesa-Pineda ML, Arias de la Rosa I, López Medina C, Castro-Villegas MDC, Ábalos-Aguilera MDC, Ortega-Castro R, Gómez-García I, Seguí-Azpilcueta P, Jiménez-Gómez Y, Escudero-Contreras A, López Pedrera C, Barbarroja N, Collantes-Estévez E. Assessment of the relationship between estimated cardiovascular risk and structural damage in patients with axial spondyloarthritis. Ther Adv Musculoskelet Dis 2021; 12:1759720X20982837. [PMID: 33447266 PMCID: PMC7780310 DOI: 10.1177/1759720x20982837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims To evaluate the association of estimated cardiovascular (CV) risk and subclinical atherosclerosis with radiographic structural damage in patients with axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA). Methods Cross-sectional study including 114 patients axSpA from the SpA registry of Córdoba (CASTRO) and 132 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HCs). Disease activity and the presence of traditional CV risk factors were recorded. The presence of atherosclerotic plaques and carotid intima media thickness (cIMT) were evaluated through carotid ultrasound and the SCORE index was calculated. Radiographic damage was measured though modified Stoke Ankylosing Spondylitis Spinal Score (mSASSS). The association between mSASSS and SCORE was tested using generalized linear models (GLM), and an age-adjusted cluster analysis was performed to identify different phenotypes dependent on the subclinical CV risk. Results Increased traditional CV risk factors, SCORE, and the presence of carotid plaques were found in axSpA patients compared with HCs. The presence of atherosclerotic plaques and SCORE were associated with radiographic structural damage. The GLM showed that the total mSASSS was associated independently with the SCORE [β coefficient 0.24; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.10-0.38] adjusted for disease duration, age, tobacco, C-reactive protein, and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) intake. Hard cluster analysis identified two phenotypes of patients. Patients from cluster 1, characterized by the presence of plaques and increased cIMT, had a higher prevalence of CV risk factors and SCORE, and more structural damage than cluster two patients. Conclusion Radiographic structural damage is associated closely with increased estimated CV risk: higher SCORE levels in axSpA patients were found to be associated independently with mSASSS after adjusting for age, disease duration, CRP, tobacco and NSAID intake.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Iván Arias de la Rosa
- Reina Sofia University Hospital/Maimonides Research Institute of Biomedical Medicine from Cordoba (IMIBIC)/University of Córdoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Clementina López Medina
- Reina Sofia University Hospital/Maimonides Research Institute of Biomedical Medicine from Cordoba (IMIBIC)/University of Córdoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - María Del Carmen Castro-Villegas
- Reina Sofia University Hospital/Maimonides Research Institute of Biomedical Medicine from Cordoba (IMIBIC)/University of Córdoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - María Del Carmen Ábalos-Aguilera
- Reina Sofia University Hospital/Maimonides Research Institute of Biomedical Medicine from Cordoba (IMIBIC)/University of Córdoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Rafaela Ortega-Castro
- Reina Sofia University Hospital/Maimonides Research Institute of Biomedical Medicine from Cordoba (IMIBIC)/University of Córdoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Ignacio Gómez-García
- Reina Sofia University Hospital/Maimonides Research Institute of Biomedical Medicine from Cordoba (IMIBIC)/University of Córdoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Pedro Seguí-Azpilcueta
- Reina Sofia University Hospital/Maimonides Research Institute of Biomedical Medicine from Cordoba (IMIBIC)/University of Córdoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Yolanda Jiménez-Gómez
- Reina Sofia University Hospital/Maimonides Research Institute of Biomedical Medicine from Cordoba (IMIBIC)/University of Córdoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Alejandro Escudero-Contreras
- Reina Sofia University Hospital/Maimonides Research Institute of Biomedical Medicine from Cordoba (IMIBIC)/University of Córdoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Chary López Pedrera
- Reina Sofia University Hospital/Maimonides Research Institute of Biomedical Medicine from Cordoba (IMIBIC)/University of Córdoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Nuria Barbarroja
- Reina Sofia University Hospital/Maimonides Research Institute of Biomedical Medicine from Cordoba (IMIBIC)/University of Córdoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Eduardo Collantes-Estévez
- Reina Sofia University Hospital/Maimonides Research Institute of Biomedical Medicine from Cordoba (IMIBIC)/University of Córdoba, Cordoba, Spain
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194
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Weng Z, Ou W, Huang J, Singh M, Wang M, Zhu Y, Kumar R, Lin S. Circadian Misalignment Rather Than Sleep Duration is Associated with MAFLD: A Population-Based Propensity Score-Matched Study. Nat Sci Sleep 2021; 13:103-111. [PMID: 33542668 PMCID: PMC7853435 DOI: 10.2147/nss.s290465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Circadian misalignment (CM) leads to metabolic disorder. Metabolic (dysfunction) associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is a novel definition for fatty liver disease that requires the presence of metabolic dysfunction. As the association between CM and MAFLD remains unclear, this study is designed to explore whether there is an association between CM and MAFLD. METHODS NHANES 2017-2018 database was used in this study. Liver steatosis and fibrosis were diagnosed by Fibroscan®. CM was defined by the presence of mistimed sleep, late sleep or irregular chronotype. Propensity score matching (PSM) was used to match subjects for their age and gender. RESULTS A total of 4552 participants were included in the study, with 2089 (45.89%) identified as MAFLD and 894 (19.64%) as CM. Participants with CM were significantly younger than those without (46.06 ± 18.06 vs 50.93 ± 17.78, p<0.001). PSM for age and gender resulted in 894 participants with CM and 892 with non-CM. CM group had higher body mass index, liver enzymes, glucose and lipid levels. The prevalence of MAFLD was higher in the CM group than the non-CM group (45.41% vs 28.48%, p<0.001). The presence of CM increased the risk of MAFLD by more than twofold. Short sleep duration (<6 hours) was not independently associated with MAFLD or fibrosis if additionally adjusting for CM. CONCLUSION CM is independently associated with MAFLD, while short sleep duration (<6 hours) is not an independent risk factor for MAFLD or liver fibrosis after adjusting for CM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyuan Weng
- Cardiology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, People's Republic of China
| | - Weijie Ou
- Department of Hepatology, Hepatology Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaofeng Huang
- Department of Hepatology, Hepatology Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, People's Republic of China
| | - Medha Singh
- Department of General Medicine, Tan Tock Seng Hospital 308433, Singapore
| | - Mingfang Wang
- Department of Hepatology, Hepatology Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yueyong Zhu
- Department of Hepatology, Hepatology Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, People's Republic of China
| | - Rahul Kumar
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Duke-NUS Academic Medical Centre, Changi General Hospital 529889, Singapore
| | - Su Lin
- Department of Hepatology, Hepatology Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, People's Republic of China
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195
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MicroRNA-34a: the bad guy in age-related vascular diseases. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 78:7355-7378. [PMID: 34698884 PMCID: PMC8629897 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-021-03979-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The age-related vasculature alteration is the prominent risk factor for vascular diseases (VD), namely, atherosclerosis, abdominal aortic aneurysm, vascular calcification (VC) and pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). The chronic sterile low-grade inflammation state, alias inflammaging, characterizes elderly people and participates in VD development. MicroRNA34-a (miR-34a) is emerging as an important mediator of inflammaging and VD. miR-34a increases with aging in vessels and induces senescence and the acquisition of the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) in vascular smooth muscle (VSMCs) and endothelial (ECs) cells. Similarly, other VD risk factors, including dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia and hypertension, modify miR-34a expression to promote vascular senescence and inflammation. miR-34a upregulation causes endothelial dysfunction by affecting ECs nitric oxide bioavailability, adhesion molecules expression and inflammatory cells recruitment. miR-34a-induced senescence facilitates VSMCs osteoblastic switch and VC development in hyperphosphatemia conditions. Conversely, atherogenic and hypoxic stimuli downregulate miR-34a levels and promote VSMCs proliferation and migration during atherosclerosis and PAH. MiR34a genetic ablation or miR-34a inhibition by anti-miR-34a molecules in different experimental models of VD reduce vascular inflammation, senescence and apoptosis through sirtuin 1 Notch1, and B-cell lymphoma 2 modulation. Notably, pleiotropic drugs, like statins, liraglutide and metformin, affect miR-34a expression. Finally, human studies report that miR-34a levels associate to atherosclerosis and diabetes and correlate with inflammatory factors during aging. Herein, we comprehensively review the current knowledge about miR-34a-dependent molecular and cellular mechanisms activated by VD risk factors and highlight the diagnostic and therapeutic potential of modulating its expression in order to reduce inflammaging and VD burn and extend healthy lifespan.
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196
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Zhang D, Guan L, Li X. Bioinformatics analysis identifies potential diagnostic signatures for coronary artery disease. J Int Med Res 2020; 48:300060520979856. [PMID: 33356708 PMCID: PMC7840986 DOI: 10.1177/0300060520979856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the leading cause of mortality worldwide. We
aimed to screen out potential gene signatures and construct a diagnostic
model for CAD. Method We downloaded two mRNA profiles, GSE66360 and GSE60993, and performed
analyses of differential expression, gene ontology terms, and Kyoto
Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways. The STRING database was
used to identify protein–protein interactions (PPI). PPI network
visualization and screening out of key genes were performed using Cytoscape
software. Finally, a diagnostic model was constructed. Results A total of 2127 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in
GSE66360, and 527 DEGs in GSE60993. Of the 153 DEGs from both datasets that
showed differential expression between CAD patients and controls, 471
biological process terms, 35 cellular component terms, 17 molecular function
terms, and 49 KEGG pathways were significantly enriched. The top 20 key
genes in the PPI network were identified, and a diagnostic model constructed
from five optimal genes that could efficiently separate CAD patients from
controls. Conclusion We identified several potential biomarkers for CAD and built a logistic
regression model that will provide a valuable reference for future clinical
diagnoses and guide therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Liying Guan
- Health Management Center, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaoming Li
- Health Management Center, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
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197
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Yan W, Cao Y, Zhen P, Ji D, Chai J, Xue K, Dai H, Wang W. Decreased autophagy of vascular smooth muscle cells was involved in hyperhomocysteinemia-induced vascular ageing. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2020; 48:524-533. [PMID: 33325046 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 06/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Ageing and hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) are important risk factors for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). HHcy affects the occurrence of vascular diseases in the elderly. So far, the mechanism of HHcy-induced vascular ageing remains largely unknown. Autophagy level is significantly reduced in the ageing process, and restoring impaired autophagy to a normal state may be one of the possible ways to extend the expected longevity and lifespan in the future. In this study, we established the HHcy rat model by feeding a 2.5% methionine diet. Small animal ultrasound and the tail-cuff method indicated that the vascular pulse wave velocity (PWV) and pulse pressure (PP) of HHcy rats were increased significantly compared with the control group. Vascular morphology and structure have been changed in HHcy rats, including lumen dilation, increased collagen fibre deposition and increased p53/p21/p16 expression. In vitro, under the stimulation of homocysteine (500 μmol/L, 24 hours), the rat vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) presented senescence, which was characterized by the increased expression of ageing-related markers, such as p16, p21 and p53 as well as increased senescence-associated beta-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) activity. Meanwhile, the autophagy level was decreased both in vivo and in vitro, shown as the increased level of autophagy substrate p62 and the reduced level of autophagy marker LC3 II/I in the thoracic aorta of HHcy rats and in Hcy-treated VSMCs, respectively. The senescence phenotype of VSMCs was reversed by increased autophagy levels induced by rapamycin. Our findings indicate that decreased autophagy of VSMCs is involved in hyperhomocysteinemia-induced vascular ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Yan
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Cao
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Panpan Zhen
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Dengyu Ji
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiayin Chai
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ke Xue
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hongyan Dai
- Department of Cardiology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Wen Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Metabolic Disorders Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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198
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Phu HT, Thuan DTB, Nguyen THD, Posadino AM, Eid AH, Pintus G. Herbal Medicine for Slowing Aging and Aging-associated Conditions: Efficacy, Mechanisms and Safety. Curr Vasc Pharmacol 2020; 18:369-393. [PMID: 31418664 DOI: 10.2174/1570161117666190715121939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Revised: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Aging and aging-associated diseases are issues with unsatisfactory answers in the medical field. Aging causes important physical changes which, even in the absence of the usual risk factors, render the cardiovascular system prone to some diseases. Although aging cannot be prevented, slowing down the rate of aging is entirely possible to achieve. In some traditional medicine, medicinal herbs such as Ginseng, Radix Astragali, Ganoderma lucidum, Ginkgo biloba, and Gynostemma pentaphyllum are recognized by the "nourishing of life" and their role as anti-aging phytotherapeutics is increasingly gaining attention. By mainly employing PubMed here we identify and critically analysed 30 years of published studies focusing on the above herbs' active components against aging and aging-associated conditions. Although many plant-based compounds appear to exert an anti-aging effect, the most effective resulted in being flavonoids, terpenoids, saponins, and polysaccharides, which include astragaloside, ginkgolide, ginsenoside, and gypenoside specifically covered in this review. Their effects as antiaging factors, improvers of cognitive impairments, and reducers of cardiovascular risks are described, as well as the molecular mechanisms underlying the above-mentioned effects along with their potential safety. Telomere and telomerase, PPAR-α, GLUTs, FOXO1, caspase-3, bcl-2, along with SIRT1/AMPK, PI3K/Akt, NF-κB, and insulin/insulin-like growth factor-1 pathways appear to be their preferential targets. Moreover, their ability to work as antioxidants and to improve the resistance to DNA damage is also discussed. Although our literature review indicates that these traditional herbal medicines are safe, tolerable, and free of toxic effects, additional well-designed, large-scale randomized control trials need to be performed to evaluate short- and long-term effects and efficacy of these medicinal herbs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoa T Phu
- Department of Biochemistry, Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hue, Vietnam
| | - Duong T B Thuan
- Department of Biochemistry, Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hue, Vietnam
| | - Thi H D Nguyen
- Department of Physiology, Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hue, Vietnam
| | - Anna M Posadino
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Ali H Eid
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Gianfranco Pintus
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.,Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
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199
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Bousquet J, Cristol JP, Czarlewski W, Anto JM, Martineau A, Haahtela T, Fonseca SC, Iaccarino G, Blain H, Fiocchi A, Canonica GW, Fonseca JA, Vidal A, Choi HJ, Kim HJ, Le Moing V, Reynes J, Sheikh A, Akdis CA, Zuberbier T. Nrf2-interacting nutrients and COVID-19: time for research to develop adaptation strategies. Clin Transl Allergy 2020; 10:58. [PMID: 33292691 PMCID: PMC7711617 DOI: 10.1186/s13601-020-00362-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
There are large between- and within-country variations in COVID-19 death rates. Some very low death rate settings such as Eastern Asia, Central Europe, the Balkans and Africa have a common feature of eating large quantities of fermented foods whose intake is associated with the activation of the Nrf2 (Nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2) anti-oxidant transcription factor. There are many Nrf2-interacting nutrients (berberine, curcumin, epigallocatechin gallate, genistein, quercetin, resveratrol, sulforaphane) that all act similarly to reduce insulin resistance, endothelial damage, lung injury and cytokine storm. They also act on the same mechanisms (mTOR: Mammalian target of rapamycin, PPARγ:Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor, NFκB: Nuclear factor kappa B, ERK: Extracellular signal-regulated kinases and eIF2α:Elongation initiation factor 2α). They may as a result be important in mitigating the severity of COVID-19, acting through the endoplasmic reticulum stress or ACE-Angiotensin-II-AT1R axis (AT1R) pathway. Many Nrf2-interacting nutrients are also interacting with TRPA1 and/or TRPV1. Interestingly, geographical areas with very low COVID-19 mortality are those with the lowest prevalence of obesity (Sub-Saharan Africa and Asia). It is tempting to propose that Nrf2-interacting foods and nutrients can re-balance insulin resistance and have a significant effect on COVID-19 severity. It is therefore possible that the intake of these foods may restore an optimal natural balance for the Nrf2 pathway and may be of interest in the mitigation of COVID-19 severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Bousquet
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Comprehensive Allergy Center, Berlin, Germany. .,University Hospital Montpellier, 273 avenue d'Occitanie, 34090, Montpellier, France. .,MACVIA-France, Montpellier, France.
| | - Jean-Paul Cristol
- Laboratoire de Biochimie et Hormonologie, PhyMedExp, Université de Montpellier, INSERM, CNRS, CHU, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Josep M Anto
- IMIM (Hospital del Mar Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain.,ISGlobAL, Barcelona, Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Adrian Martineau
- Institute for Population Health Sciences, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Tari Haahtela
- Skin and Allergy Hospital, Helsinki University Hospital, and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Susana C Fonseca
- GreenUPorto - Sustainable Agrifood Production Research Centre, DGAOT, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Campus de Vairão, Vila do Conde, Portugal
| | - Guido Iaccarino
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University, Napoli, Italy
| | - Hubert Blain
- Department of Geriatrics, Montpellier University Hospital, Montpellier, France
| | - Alessandro Fiocchi
- Division of Allergy, Department of Pediatric Medicine, The Bambino Gesu Children's Research Hospital Holy See, Rome, Italy
| | - G Walter Canonica
- Personalized Medicine Asthma and Allergy Clinic-Humanitas University & Research Hospital, IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | - Joao A Fonseca
- CINTESIS, Center for Research in Health Technology and Information Systems, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto; and Medida,, Lda Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Alain Vidal
- World Business Council for Sustainable Development (WBCSD) Maison de la Paix, Geneva, Switzerland.,AgroParisTech-Paris Institute of Technology for Life, Food and Environmental Sciences, Paris, France
| | - Hak-Jong Choi
- Microbiology and Functionality Research Group, Research and Development Division, World Institute of Kimchi, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Hyun Ju Kim
- SME Service Department, Strategy and Planning Division, World Institute of Kimchi, Gwangju, Korea
| | | | - Jacques Reynes
- Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, CHU, Montpellier, France
| | - Aziz Sheikh
- The Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Cezmi A Akdis
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Torsten Zuberbier
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Comprehensive Allergy Center, Berlin, Germany
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200
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Dilated cardiomyopathy impairs mitochondrial biogenesis and promotes inflammation in an age- and sex-dependent manner. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:24117-24133. [PMID: 33303703 PMCID: PMC7762497 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) belongs to the myocardial diseases associated with a severe impairment of cardiac function, but the question of how sex and age affect this pathology has not been fully explored. Impaired energy homeostasis, mitochondrial dysfunction, and systemic inflammation are well-described phenomena associated with aging. In this study, we investigated if DCM affects these phenomena in a sex- and age-related manner. We analyzed the expression of mitochondrial and antioxidant proteins and the inflammatory state in DCM heart tissue from younger and older women and men. A significant downregulation of Sirt1 expression was detected in older DCM patients. Sex-related differences were observed in the phosphorylation of AMPK that only appeared in older males with DCM, possibly due to an alternative Sirt1 regulation mechanism. Furthermore, reduced expression of several mitochondrial proteins (TOM40, TIM23, Sirt3, and SOD2) and genes (cox1, nd4) was only detected in old DCM patients, suggesting that age has a greater effect than DCM on these alterations. Finally, an increased expression of inflammatory markers in older, failing hearts, with a stronger pro-inflammatory response in men, was observed. Together, these findings indicate that age- and sex-related increased inflammation and disturbance of mitochondrial homeostasis occurs in male individuals with DCM.
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