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Mishra AA, Halpern CT, Schwab-Reese LM, Harris KM. Cumulative life-course victimization and inflammation in a U.S. national sample: Comparing intersections based on sexual orientation, gender, race/ethnicity, and education. Prev Med 2023; 169:107455. [PMID: 36804566 PMCID: PMC10068961 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2023.107455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
Violence victimization has been associated with low-grade inflammation. Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual (LGB) individuals are at greater risk for victimization in childhood and young adulthood compared to heterosexuals. Moreover, the intersection of LGB identity with gender, race/ethnicity, and educational attainment may be differentially associated with victimization rates. However, no previous study has examined the role of cumulative life-course victimization during childhood and young adulthood in the association between 1) LGB identity and low-grade inflammation during the transition to midlife, and 2) intersection of LGB identity with gender, race/ethnicity, and educational attainment and low-grade inflammation during the transition to midlife. We utilized multi-wave data from a national sample of adults entering midlife in the United States- the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health; n = 4573) - and tested four bootstrapped mediation models. Results indicate LGB identity, LGB and White, and LGB and Black identities were indirectly associated with low-grade inflammation during the transition to midlife via higher levels of cumulative life-course victimization. Moreover, among LGB adults, the association between 1) less than college education and 2) some college education, and low-grade inflammation was mediated by cumulative life-course victimization. For LGB females, there was a direct association between identity and low-grade inflammation and this association was mediated by cumulative life-course victimization . Reducing accumulation of victimization could be critical for preventing biological dysregulation and disease onset among LGB individuals, particularly for those with multiple marginalized identities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aura Ankita Mishra
- Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America.
| | - Carolyn T Halpern
- Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America; Department of Maternal and Child Health, Gillings School of Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
| | - Laura M Schwab-Reese
- Department of Public Health, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States of America
| | - Kathleen Mullan Harris
- Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America; Department of Sociology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
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202
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Yan H, Huang Z, Lu Y, Qiu Y, Li M, Li J. Associations between metabolic disorders and sleep disturbance in patients with schizophrenia. Compr Psychiatry 2023; 122:152369. [PMID: 36702060 DOI: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2023.152369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sleep disturbance plays a crucial role in mental illness and metabolic dysregulation. However, the clinical correlates of metabolic disorders (MD, only meeting 1 or 2 metabolic syndrome standards) and its relationship to sleep disturbance in patients with schizophrenia are uncertain. The study was to illuminate the association between MD and sleep disturbance in patients with schizophrenia. METHODS One hundred and sixty-four patients with schizophrenia (157 drug-naive and 7 drug-free) were classified into 2 groups: MD and non-MD. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and the Positive and Negative Symptom Scale (PANSS) were employed to assess sleep quality and clinical symptoms. Weight, height, waistline, blood pressure, fasting glucose, and lipid metabolic levels were recorded. RESULTS Sleep disturbance was more pronounced in the MD group compared to the non-MD group, including subjective sleep quality (z = -4.074, p = 0.000), sleep latency (z = -3.867, p = 0.000), sleep duration (z = -2.471, p = 0.013) and total scores (z = -3.074, p = 0.002). After controlling for confounding factors including age, sex, body mass index, smoking, marital status, and duration of illness, binary logistics regression showed that subjective sleep quality (p = 0.034) and sleep latency (p = 0.034) were significant independent predictors of MD. Further, partial correlation analysis showed that sleep latency (r = -0.200, p = 0.011) was significantly negatively correlated with HDLC. CONCLUSION Our study suggests a high rate of MD in patients with schizophrenia, most of who were drug-naive, in a Chinese population. Longer sleep latency is associated with MD in schizophrenia patients, suggesting an important role of sleep disturbance in the development of MD in patients with schizophrenia. Interventions to improve sleep quality may prevent MD in patients with schizophrenia at an early stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiming Yan
- Laboratory of Biological Psychiatry,Institute of Mental Health, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Mental Health Center of Tianjin Medical University, 13 Liulin Rd., Hexi District, Tianjin 300222, China
| | - Zhenni Huang
- Laboratory of Biological Psychiatry,Institute of Mental Health, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Mental Health Center of Tianjin Medical University, 13 Liulin Rd., Hexi District, Tianjin 300222, China
| | - Yao Lu
- Institute of Applied Psychology, Tianjin University, 135 Yaguan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, China.
| | - Yuying Qiu
- Laboratory of Biological Psychiatry,Institute of Mental Health, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Mental Health Center of Tianjin Medical University, 13 Liulin Rd., Hexi District, Tianjin 300222, China
| | - Meijuan Li
- Laboratory of Biological Psychiatry,Institute of Mental Health, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Mental Health Center of Tianjin Medical University, 13 Liulin Rd., Hexi District, Tianjin 300222, China
| | - Jie Li
- Laboratory of Biological Psychiatry,Institute of Mental Health, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Mental Health Center of Tianjin Medical University, 13 Liulin Rd., Hexi District, Tianjin 300222, China; Institute of Applied Psychology, Tianjin University, 135 Yaguan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, China.
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203
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Santillana N, Astudillo-Guerrero C, D’Espessailles A, Cruz G. White Adipose Tissue Dysfunction: Pathophysiology and Emergent Measurements. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15071722. [PMID: 37049561 PMCID: PMC10096946 DOI: 10.3390/nu15071722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
White adipose tissue (AT) dysfunction plays an important role in the development of cardiometabolic alterations associated with obesity. AT dysfunction is characterized by the loss of the expansion capacity of the AT, an increment in adipocyte hypertrophy, and changes in the secretion profile of adipose cells, associated with accumulation of macrophages and inflammation. Since not all people with an excess of adiposity develop comorbidities, it is necessary to find simple tools that can evidence AT dysfunction and allow the detection of those people with the potential to develop metabolic alterations. This review focuses on the current pathophysiological mechanisms of white AT dysfunction and emerging measurements to assess its functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Santillana
- Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos (INTA), Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile
| | - Camila Astudillo-Guerrero
- Centro de Neurobiología y Fisiopatología Integrativa (CENFI), Instituto de Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2360102, Chile
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Mención Neurociencia, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2360102, Chile
| | - Amanda D’Espessailles
- Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de O’Higgins, Rancagua 2820000, Chile
| | - Gonzalo Cruz
- Centro de Neurobiología y Fisiopatología Integrativa (CENFI), Instituto de Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2360102, Chile
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204
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Alqudah A, Athamneh RY, Qnais E, Gammoh O, Oqal M, AbuDalo R, Alshaikh HA, AL-Hashimi N, Alqudah M. The Emerging Importance of Cirsimaritin in Type 2 Diabetes Treatment. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065749. [PMID: 36982822 PMCID: PMC10059674 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Cirsimaritin is a dimethoxy flavon that has different biological activities such as antiproliferative, antimicrobial, and antioxidant activities. This study aims to investigate the anti-diabetic effects of cirsimaritin in a high-fat diet and streptozotocin-(HFD/STZ)-induced rat model of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D). Rats were fed HFD, followed by a single low dose of STZ (40 mg/kg). HFD/STZ diabetic rats were treated orally with cirsimaritin (50 mg/kg) or metformin (200 mg/kg) for 10 days before terminating the experiment and collecting plasma, soleus muscle, adipose tissue, and liver for further downstream analysis. Cirsimaritin reduced the elevated levels of serum glucose in diabetic rats compared to the vehicle control group (p < 0.001). Cirsimaritin abrogated the increase in serum insulin in the treated diabetic group compared to the vehicle control rats (p < 0.01). The homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was decreased in the diabetic rats treated with cirsimaritin compared to the vehicle controls. The skeletal muscle and adipose tissue protein contents of GLUT4 (p < 0.01 and p < 0.05, respectively) and pAMPK-α1 (p < 0.05) were upregulated following treatment with cirsimaritin. Cirsimaritin was able to upregulate GLUT2 and AMPK protein expression in the liver (p < 0.01, <0.05, respectively). LDL, triglyceride, and cholesterol were reduced in diabetic rats treated with cirsimaritin compared to the vehicle controls (p < 0.001). Cirsimaritin reduced MDA, and IL-6 levels (p < 0.001), increased GSH levels (p < 0.001), and reduced GSSG levels (p < 0.001) in diabetic rats compared to the vehicle control. Cirsimaritin could represent a promising therapeutic agent to treat T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelrahim Alqudah
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Hashemite University, Zarqa 13133, Jordan
- Correspondence:
| | - Rabaa Y. Athamneh
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Science, Zarqa University, Zarqa 13110, Jordan
| | - Esam Qnais
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, The Hashemite University, Zarqa 13133, Jordan
| | - Omar Gammoh
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yarmouk University, Irbid 21163, Jordan
| | - Muna Oqal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Hashemite University, Zarqa 13133, Jordan
| | - Rawan AbuDalo
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Hashemite University, Zarqa 13133, Jordan
| | | | - Nabil AL-Hashimi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Hashemite University, Zarqa 13133, Jordan
| | - Mohammad Alqudah
- Physiology Department, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama 26671, Bahrain
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205
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Liu F, Hu X, Zhu X, Dong X, Ge J, Xu S, Li G, Li L, Li S, Wei Z. A community-based cross-sectional study of anxiety and metabolic syndrome. Psychogeriatrics 2023; 23:450-457. [PMID: 36932654 DOI: 10.1111/psyg.12953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of anxiety and other psychological disorders has increased during the COVID-19 pandemic, especially among the elderly. Anxiety and metabolic syndrome (MetS) may aggravate each other. This study further clarified the correlation between the two. METHODS Adopting a convenience sampling method, this study investigated 162 elderly people over 65 years of age in Fangzhuang Community, Beijing. All participants provided baseline data on sex, age, lifestyle, and health status. The Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA) was used to assess anxiety. Blood samples, abdominal circumference, and blood pressure were used to diagnose MetS. The elderly were divided into MetS and control groups according to the diagnosis of MetS. Differences in anxiety between the two groups were analysed and further stratified by age and gender. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to analyse the possible risk factors for MetS. RESULTS Compared with the control group, anxiety scores of the MetS group were statistically higher (Z = 4.78, P < 0.001). There was a significant correlation between anxiety levels and MetS (r = 0.353, P < 0.001). Multivariate logistic regression revealed that anxiety (possible anxiety vs no anxiety: odds ratio [OR] = 2.982, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.295-6.969; definite anxiety vs no anxiety: OR = 14.573, 95%CI 3.675-57.788; P < 0.001) and BMI (OR = 1.504, 95% CI 1.275-1.774; P < 0.001) were possible risk factors for MetS. CONCLUSION The elderly with MetS had higher anxiety scores. Anxiety may be a potential risk factor for MetS, which provides a new perspective on anxiety and MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fen Liu
- Health Service Department of the Guard Bureau of the Joint Staff Department, Beijing, China
| | - Xing Hu
- Health Service Department of the Guard Bureau of the Joint Staff Department, Beijing, China.,Graduate School of Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoli Zhu
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xinying Dong
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Ge
- Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Shunlin Xu
- Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Gang Li
- Health Service Department of the Guard Bureau of the Joint Staff Department, Beijing, China
| | - Lu Li
- Health Service Department of the Guard Bureau of the Joint Staff Department, Beijing, China
| | - Shugang Li
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhimin Wei
- Health Service Department of the Guard Bureau of the Joint Staff Department, Beijing, China
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206
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Hernandez BY, Zhu X, Nagata M, Loo L, Chan O, Wong LL. Cyanotoxin exposure and hepatocellular carcinoma. Toxicology 2023; 487:153470. [PMID: 36863303 PMCID: PMC10358828 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2023.153470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
Cyanobacteria are ubiquitous in aquatic and terrestrial environments worldwide and include a number of species producing tumor-promoting hepatotoxins. Human exposure to cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins primarily occurs though ingestion of contaminated drinking water and food sources. In a Northeast U.S. population, we recently reported an independent association of oral cyanobacteria with risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In a cross-sectional study of 55 HCC patients in Hawaii, U.S.A., serum microcystin/nodularin (MC/NOD), cylindrospermopsin (CYN), and anabaenopeptin (AB) were measured by ELISA. In a subset of 16 patients, cyanotoxin levels were compared by tumor expression of over 700 genes analyzed via the Nanostring nCounter Fibrosis panel. MC/NOD, CYN, and AB were detected in all HCC patients. MC/NOD and CYN levels significantly varied by etiology with the highest levels in cases attributed to metabolic risk factors, specifically, hyperlipidemia, type 2 diabetes, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease/non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. Cyanotoxin levels were significantly positively correlated with tumor expression of genes functioning in PPAR signaling and lipid metabolism. Our study provides novel albeit limited evidence that cyanotoxins may a role in the pathogenesis of HCC through the dysregulation of lipid metabolism and progression of hepatic steatosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brenda Y Hernandez
- University of Hawaii Cancer Center, 701 Ilalo Street, Honolulu, HI, United States.
| | - Xuemei Zhu
- University of Hawaii Cancer Center, 701 Ilalo Street, Honolulu, HI, United States
| | - Michelle Nagata
- University of Hawaii Cancer Center, 701 Ilalo Street, Honolulu, HI, United States
| | - Lenora Loo
- University of Hawaii Cancer Center, 701 Ilalo Street, Honolulu, HI, United States
| | - O Chan
- University of Hawaii Cancer Center, 701 Ilalo Street, Honolulu, HI, United States
| | - Linda L Wong
- University of Hawaii Cancer Center, 701 Ilalo Street, Honolulu, HI, United States
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207
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Genetic Markers of Insulin Resistance and Atherosclerosis in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients with Coronary Artery Disease. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13030427. [PMID: 36984867 PMCID: PMC10054456 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13030427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is characterized by impaired insulin secretion on a background of insulin resistance (IR). IR and T2DM are associated with atherosclerotic coronary artery disease (CAD). The mechanisms of IR and atherosclerosis are known to share similar genetic and environmental roots. Endothelial dysfunction (ED) detected at the earliest stages of IR might be the origin of atherosclerosis progression. ED influences the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines and their encoding genes. The genes and their single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) act as potential genetic markers of IR and atherosclerosis. This review focuses on the link between IR, T2DM, atherosclerosis, CAD, and the potential genetic markers CHI3L1, CD36, LEPR, RETN, IL-18, RBP-4, and RARRES2 genes.
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208
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Lu S, Li Y, Qian Z, Zhao T, Feng Z, Weng X, Yu L. Role of the inflammasome in insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1052756. [PMID: 36993972 PMCID: PMC10040598 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1052756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The inflammasome is a protein complex composed of a variety of proteins in cells and which participates in the innate immune response of the body. It can be activated by upstream signal regulation and plays an important role in pyroptosis, apoptosis, inflammation, tumor regulation, etc. In recent years, the number of metabolic syndrome patients with insulin resistance (IR) has increased year by year, and the inflammasome is closely related to the occurrence and development of metabolic diseases. The inflammasome can directly or indirectly affect conduction of the insulin signaling pathway, involvement the occurrence of IR and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Moreover, various therapeutic agents also work through the inflammasome to treat with diabetes. This review focuses on the role of inflammasome on IR and T2DM, pointing out the association and utility value. Briefly, we have discussed the main inflammasomes, including NLRP1, NLRP3, NLRC4, NLRP6 and AIM2, as well as their structure, activation and regulation in IR were described in detail. Finally, we discussed the current therapeutic options-associated with inflammasome for the treatment of T2DM. Specially, the NLRP3-related therapeutic agents and options are widely developed. In summary, this article reviews the role of and research progress on the inflammasome in IR and T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shen Lu
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Yanrong Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
- Institute of Precision Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Zhaojun Qian
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Tiesuo Zhao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
- Institute of Precision Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Tumor Vaccine and Immunotherapy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Zhiwei Feng
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
- Institute of Precision Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Tumor Vaccine and Immunotherapy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Xiaogang Weng
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
- *Correspondence: Lili Yu, ; Xiaogang Weng,
| | - Lili Yu
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
- Institute of Precision Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Tumor Vaccine and Immunotherapy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
- *Correspondence: Lili Yu, ; Xiaogang Weng,
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209
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Misra AK, Rangari G, C M, Sharma S. Current management of diabetes patients with COVID-19. Expert Rev Endocrinol Metab 2023:1-9. [PMID: 36890686 DOI: 10.1080/17446651.2023.2187375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Diabetes mellitus (DM) and the 2019 coronavirus (COVID-19) appear to interact in both directions. There is mounting proof that patients with DM have a worse COVID-19 prognosis than those without it. Pharmacotherapy is also known to affect in view of the possible interplay between drugs and the pathophysiology of the above conditions in a given patient. AREAS COVERED In this review, we discuss the pathogenesis of COVID-19 and its connections with diabetes mellitus. We also analyze the treatment modalities for COVID-19 and diabetes patients. The possible mechanisms of the different medications and their management limitations are also systematically reviewed. EXPERT OPINION COVID-19 management as well as its knowledge base is changing constantly. The Pharmacotherapy and the choice of drugs also need to be specifically considered in view of the concomitant presence of these conditions in a patient. Anti-diabetic agents must be carefully evaluated in diabetic patients in view of the disease's severity, blood glucose level, appropriate treatment, and other components that could aggravate adverse events. A methodical technique is anticipated to enable the safe and rational use of drug therapy in COVID-19-positive diabetic patients to take.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arup Kumar Misra
- Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Mangalagiri, India
| | - Gaurav Rangari
- Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Mangalagiri, India
| | - Madhavrao C
- Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Mangalagiri, India
| | - Sushil Sharma
- Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Mangalagiri, India
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210
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Al-Sayyar A, Hammad MM, Williams MR, Al-Onaizi M, Abubaker J, Alzaid F. Neurotransmitters in Type 2 Diabetes and the Control of Systemic and Central Energy Balance. Metabolites 2023; 13:384. [PMID: 36984824 PMCID: PMC10058084 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13030384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Efficient signal transduction is important in maintaining the function of the nervous system across tissues. An intact neurotransmission process can regulate energy balance through proper communication between neurons and peripheral organs. This ensures that the right neural circuits are activated in the brain to modulate cellular energy homeostasis and systemic metabolic function. Alterations in neurotransmitters secretion can lead to imbalances in appetite, glucose metabolism, sleep, and thermogenesis. Dysregulation in dietary intake is also associated with disruption in neurotransmission and can trigger the onset of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and obesity. In this review, we highlight the various roles of neurotransmitters in regulating energy balance at the systemic level and in the central nervous system. We also address the link between neurotransmission imbalance and the development of T2D as well as perspectives across the fields of neuroscience and metabolism research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Mohammed Al-Onaizi
- Dasman Diabetes Institute, Kuwait City 15462, Kuwait
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait City 13110, Kuwait
| | | | - Fawaz Alzaid
- Dasman Diabetes Institute, Kuwait City 15462, Kuwait
- Institut Necker Enfants Malades-INEM, Université Paris Cité, CNRS, INSERM, F-75015 Paris, France
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211
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Mansour A, Motamed S, Hekmatdoost A, Karimi S, Mohajeri-Tehrani MR, Abdollahi M, Jelodar R, Sajjadi-Jazi SM. Factors related to hypermetabolism in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Sci Rep 2023; 13:3669. [PMID: 36871124 PMCID: PMC9985614 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-30945-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Considering the progressive prevalence and co-occurrence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), as well as the current evidence suggesting the elevated levels of basal metabolic rate (BMR) among these individuals, the present study aimed to identify factors determining hypermetabolism in such subjects. This cross sectional study was conducted in 30 to 53-year-old individuals with concurrent T2DM and NAFLD (controlled attenuation parameter score ≥ 260 dB/m). Resting energy expenditure (REE) was determined by an indirect calorimetry device. Hypermetabolism was defined as an elevated measured REE > 110% of the predicted REE. The multivariate logistic regression test was used for detecting factors associated with hypermetabolism. Between September, 2017, and March, 2018, a total of 95 eligible participants (64.40% male) with both T2DM and NAFLD were included, while 32.63% of them were classified as hypermetabolic. Overall, the mean recruitment age ± standard deviation and median (interquartile range) body mass index were 44.69 ± 5.47 years and 30.20 (27.80-33.30) kg/m2, respectively. Demographic, anthropometric and biochemical variables did not vary significantly across two groups except for total body water, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) inhibitors (p < 0.05). According to the results of multivariable logistic regression analyses, hypermetabolism had a positive association with adiponectin (odds ratio [OR] 1.167, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.015-1.342, p = 0.030), physical activity (OR 1.134, 95% CI 1.002-1.284, p = 0.046), alanine transaminase (OR 1.062, 95% CI 1.006-1.122, p = 0.031) and diastolic blood pressure (OR 1.067, 95% CI 1.010-1.127, p = 0.021). However, fat free mass was inversely related to hypermetabolism (OR 0.935, 95% CI 0.883-0.991, p = 0.023). Adiponectin, alanine transaminase, physical activity, diastolic blood pressure and fat free mass were independently associated with hypermetabolism in subjects with NAFLD and T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asieh Mansour
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Azita Hekmatdoost
- Department of Clinical Nutrition & Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sara Karimi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition & Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Mohajeri-Tehrani
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Abdollahi
- Digestive Disease Research Center, Digestive Disease Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reihane Jelodar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sayed Mahmoud Sajjadi-Jazi
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Pang F, Yang Y, Huang S, Yang Z, Zhu Z, Liao D, Guo X, Zhou M, Li Y, Tang C. Electroacupuncture Alleviates Depressive-like Behavior by Modulating the Expression of P2X7/NLRP3/IL-1β of Prefrontal Cortex and Liver in Rats Exposed to Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress. Brain Sci 2023; 13:brainsci13030436. [PMID: 36979246 PMCID: PMC10046261 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13030436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Depression is a complex clinical disorder associated with poor outcomes. Electroacupuncture (EA) has been demonstrated to have an important role in both clinical and pre-clinical depression investigations. Evidence has suggested that the P2X7 receptor (P2X7R), NLRP3, and IL-1β play an important role in depressive disorder. Our study is aimed at exploring the role of EA in alleviating depression-like behaviors in rats. We therefore investigated the effects of EA on the prefrontal cortex and liver of rats subjected to chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) through behavior tests, transmission electron microscopy, Nissl staining, HE staining, immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. Five weeks after exposure to CUMS, Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats showed depression-like behavior. Three weeks after treatment with brilliant blue G (BBG) or EA, depressive symptoms were significantly improved. Liver cells and microglia showed regular morphology and orderly arrangement in the BBG and EA groups compared with the CUMS group. Here we show that EA downregulated P2X7R/NLRP3/IL-1β expression and relieved depression-like behavior. In summary, our findings demonstrated the efficacy of EA in alleviating depression-like behaviors induced by CUMS in rats. This suggests that EA may serve as an adjunctive therapy in clinical practice, and that P2X7R may be a promising target for EA intervention on the liver–brain axis in treatment of depression.
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213
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Misra AK, Rangari G, C M, Sharma S. Current management of diabetes patients with COVID-19. Expert Rev Endocrinol Metab 2023; 18:199-207. [PMID: 36882971 DOI: 10.1080/17446651.2023.2187215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Diabetes mellitus (DM) and the 2019 coronavirus (COVID-19) appear to interact in both directions. There is mounting proof that patients with DM have a worse COVID-19 prognosis than those without it. Pharmacotherapy is also known to affect in view of the possible interplay between drugs and the pathophysiology of the above conditions in a given patient. AREAS COVERED In this review, we discuss the pathogenesis of COVID-19 and its connections with diabetes mellitus. We also analyze the treatment modalities for COVID-19 and diabetes patients. The possible mechanisms of the different medications and their management limitations are also systematically reviewed. EXPERT OPINION COVID-19 management as well as its knowledge base is changing constantly. The Pharmacotherapy and the choice of drugs also need to be specifically considered in view of the concomitant presence of these conditions in a patient. Anti-diabetic agents must be carefully evaluated in diabetic patients in view of the disease's severity, blood glucose level, appropriate treatment, and other components that could aggravate adverse events. A methodical technique is anticipated to enable the safe and rational use of drug therapy in COVID-19-positive diabetic patients to take.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arup Kumar Misra
- Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Mangalagiri, India
| | - Gaurav Rangari
- Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Mangalagiri, India
| | - Madhavrao C
- Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Mangalagiri, India
| | - Sushil Sharma
- Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Mangalagiri, India
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Arefin A, Gage MC. Metformin, Empagliflozin, and Their Combination Modulate Ex-Vivo Macrophage Inflammatory Gene Expression. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054785. [PMID: 36902218 PMCID: PMC10003317 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus is a complex, chronic illness characterized by persistent high blood glucose levels. Patients can be prescribed anti-diabetes drugs as single agents or in combination depending on the severity of their condition. Metformin and empagliflozin are two commonly prescribed anti-diabetes drugs which reduce hyperglycemia, however their direct effects on macrophage inflammatory responses alone or in combination are unreported. Here, we show that metformin and empagliflozin elicit proinflammatory responses on mouse bone-marrow-derived macrophages with single agent challenge, which are modulated when added in combination. In silico docking experiments suggested that empagliflozin can interact with both TLR2 and DECTIN1 receptors, and we observed that both empagliflozin and metformin increase expression of Tlr2 and Clec7a. Thus, findings from this study suggest that metformin and empagliflozin as single agents or in combination can directly modulate inflammatory gene expression in macrophages and upregulate the expression of their receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adittya Arefin
- Wolfson Institute for Biomedical Research, Division of Medicine, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Matthew C. Gage
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, 4 Royal College Street, London NW1 0TU, UK
- Correspondence:
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215
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Sanchis P, Calvo P, Pujol A, Rivera R, Berga F, Fortuny R, Costa-Bauza A, Grases F, Masmiquel L. Daily phytate intake increases adiponectin levels among patients with diabetes type 2: a randomized crossover trial. Nutr Diabetes 2023; 13:2. [PMID: 36854678 PMCID: PMC9975181 DOI: 10.1038/s41387-023-00231-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM Adiponectin, a major adipokine secreted by adipose tissue, has been shown to improve insulin sensitivity. Myo-inositol hexaphosphate (phytate; InsP6) is a natural compound that is abundant in cereals, legumes, and nuts that has demonstrated to have different beneficial properties in patients with diabetes type 2. METHODS We performed a randomized crossover trial to investigate the impact of daily consumption of InsP6 on serum levels of adiponectin, TNF-alpha, IL-6, and IL-1beta in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM; n = 39). Thus, we measure serum levels of these inflammatory markers, classic vascular risk factors, and urinary InsP6 at baseline and at the end of the intervention period. RESULTS Patients who consumed InsP6 supplements for 3 months had higher levels of adiponectin and lower HbA1c than those who did not consume InsP6. No differences were found in TNF-alpha, IL-6, and IL-1beta. CONCLUSION This is the first report to show that consumption of InsP6 increases plasma adiponectin concentration in patients with T2DM. Consequently, our findings indicate that following a phytate-rich diet has beneficial effects on adiponectin and HbA1c concentrations and it could help to prevent or minimize diabetic-related complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pilar Sanchis
- Laboratory of Renal Lithiasis Research, Department of Chemistry, University of Balearic Islands, Institute of Health Sciences Research [IUNICS- IdISBa], 07122, Palma of Mallorca, Spain.
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
- Vascular and Metabolic Diseases Research Group, Endocrinology Department, Son Llàtzer University Hospital, Institute of Health Sciences Research [IdISBa], 07198, Palma of Mallorca, Spain.
| | - Paula Calvo
- Laboratory of Renal Lithiasis Research, Department of Chemistry, University of Balearic Islands, Institute of Health Sciences Research [IUNICS- IdISBa], 07122, Palma of Mallorca, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Antelm Pujol
- Vascular and Metabolic Diseases Research Group, Endocrinology Department, Son Llàtzer University Hospital, Institute of Health Sciences Research [IdISBa], 07198, Palma of Mallorca, Spain
| | - Rosmeri Rivera
- Vascular and Metabolic Diseases Research Group, Endocrinology Department, Son Llàtzer University Hospital, Institute of Health Sciences Research [IdISBa], 07198, Palma of Mallorca, Spain
| | - Francisco Berga
- Laboratory of Renal Lithiasis Research, Department of Chemistry, University of Balearic Islands, Institute of Health Sciences Research [IUNICS- IdISBa], 07122, Palma of Mallorca, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Regina Fortuny
- Vascular and Metabolic Diseases Research Group, Endocrinology Department, Son Llàtzer University Hospital, Institute of Health Sciences Research [IdISBa], 07198, Palma of Mallorca, Spain
| | - Antonia Costa-Bauza
- Laboratory of Renal Lithiasis Research, Department of Chemistry, University of Balearic Islands, Institute of Health Sciences Research [IUNICS- IdISBa], 07122, Palma of Mallorca, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Felix Grases
- Laboratory of Renal Lithiasis Research, Department of Chemistry, University of Balearic Islands, Institute of Health Sciences Research [IUNICS- IdISBa], 07122, Palma of Mallorca, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis Masmiquel
- Vascular and Metabolic Diseases Research Group, Endocrinology Department, Son Llàtzer University Hospital, Institute of Health Sciences Research [IdISBa], 07198, Palma of Mallorca, Spain.
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The Interplay of Dietary Fibers and Intestinal Microbiota Affects Type 2 Diabetes by Generating Short-Chain Fatty Acids. Foods 2023; 12:foods12051023. [PMID: 36900540 PMCID: PMC10001013 DOI: 10.3390/foods12051023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Foods contain dietary fibers which can be classified into soluble and insoluble forms. The nutritional composition of fast foods is considered unhealthy because it negatively affects the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). Dietary fiber is resistant to digestive enzymes in the gut, which modulates the anaerobic intestinal microbiota (AIM) and fabricates SCFAs. Acetate, butyrate, and propionate are dominant in the gut and are generated via Wood-Ljungdahl and acrylate pathways. In pancreatic dysfunction, the release of insulin/glucagon is impaired, leading to hyperglycemia. SCFAs enhance insulin sensitivity or secretion, beta-cell function, leptin release, mitochondrial function, and intestinal gluconeogenesis in human organs, which positively affects type 2 diabetes (T2D). Research models have shown that SCFAs either enhance the release of peptide YY (PYY) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) from L-cells (entero-endocrine), or promotes the release of leptin hormone in adipose tissues through G-protein receptors GPR-41 and GPR-43. Dietary fiber is a component that influences the production of SCFAs by AIM, which may have beneficial effects on T2D. This review focuses on the effectiveness of dietary fiber in producing SCFAs in the colon by the AIM as well as the health-promoting effects on T2D.
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217
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Xu M, Xue H, Kong L, Lin L, Zheng G. Smilax china L. Polyphenols Improves Insulin Resistance and Obesity in High-fat Diet-induced Mice Through IRS/AKT-AMPK and NF-κB Signaling Pathways. PLANT FOODS FOR HUMAN NUTRITION (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2023:10.1007/s11130-023-01052-y. [PMID: 36826691 DOI: 10.1007/s11130-023-01052-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Smilax china L. is an important herb used in traditional Chinese medicine. In this study, the mechanism of Smilax china L. polyphenols (SCP) on insulin resistance and anti-obesity in mice induced by a high-fat diet (HFD) was investigated. Fifty female mice were randomly divided into five groups: control, HFD and low, medium, and high doses of SCP for 70 d. SCP significantly decreased intraperitoneal adipose tissue index, body weight gain, liver lipids, and serum inflammatory factor levels. Blood glucose and insulin concentrations, as well as insulin resistance index in SCP, were significantly lower than those in HFD. In addition, SCP markedly up-regulated the gene expression of glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4), insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1), insulin receptor substrate 2 (IRS2), serine-threonine kinase (AKT), Acyl-CoA oxidase (ACO), and protein kinase A (PKA), and down-regulated the expression of mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1), sterol-responsive element-binding protein-1c (SREBP1c), fatty acid synthase (FAS), 3-hydroxy-3-methyl glutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HMGCR), and forkhead box protein O1 (FOXO1). SCP significantly increased the protein expression of AKT, GLUT4, AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), phosphorylated-AMPK (p-AMPK), phosphorylated-AKT (p-AKT), and uncoupling protein 1 (UCP-1), and decreased the expression of SREBP1c, FAS, HMGCR, phosphorylation of IKBα (p-IKBα), and nuclear factor kappa B subunit p65 (P65) in the liver. Overall, SCP effectively reduced HFD-induced insulin resistance and obesity in mice, partly through NF-κB and IRS/AKT-AMPK signaling pathways to regulate inflammatory factors. Therefore, SCP may improve lifestyle diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Xu
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Product and Functional Food, School of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, 330045, Nanchang, China
| | - Hui Xue
- Engineering Research Center of Biomass Conversion, Ministry of Education, Nanchang University, 330047, Nanchang, China
| | - Li Kong
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Product and Functional Food, School of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, 330045, Nanchang, China
| | - Lezhen Lin
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Product and Functional Food, School of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, 330045, Nanchang, China
| | - Guodong Zheng
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Product and Functional Food, School of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, 330045, Nanchang, China.
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Felipe LA, Bachi ALL, Oliveira MC, Moreira SMBP, Afonso JPR, Lino MEM, Paixão V, Silva CHM, Vieira RP, Vencio S, Jirjos EI, Malheiros CA, Insalaco G, Júnior WRF, Oliveira LVF. Effects of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass on the metabolic profile and systemic inflammatory status of women with metabolic syndrome: randomized controlled clinical trial. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2023; 15:19. [PMID: 36788619 PMCID: PMC9930348 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-023-00986-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity remains a public health problem worldwide. The high prevalence of this condition in the population raises further concerns, considering that comorbidities are often associated with obesity. Among the comorbidities closely associated with obesity, metabolic syndrome (MS) is particularly important, which potentially increases the risk of manifestation of other disorders, such as the prothrombotic and systemic pro-inflammatory states. METHODS A randomized, controlled clinical trial was performed involving female patients (n = 32) aged between 18 and 65 years, with a clinical diagnosis of MS, with severe obesity undergoing Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB). The study design followed the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials statement (CONSORT). Lipid profile, blood glucose and adipokines (adiponectin, leptin, and resistin) and (cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, IL-17, IL-23, and TNF-α) in blood plasma samples were evaluated before and six months after RYGB. RESULTS Patients undergoing RYGB (BSG) showed a significant improvement from preoperative grade III obesity to postoperative grade I obesity. The results showed that while HDL levels increased, the other parameters showed a significant reduction in their postoperative values when compared not only to the values observed before surgery in the BSG group, but also to the values obtained in the control group (CG). As for systemic inflammatory markers adiponectin, leptin, resistin, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-17, IL-23 and TNF- α it was observed that the levels of resistin and IL-17 in the second evaluation increased significantly when compared to the levels observed in the first evaluation in the CG. In the BSG group, while the levels of adiponectin increased, the levels of the other markers showed significant reductions in the postoperative period, in relation to the respective preoperative levels. The analysis of Spearman's correlation coefficient showed a significant positive correlation between IL-17 and IL-23 in the preoperative period, significant positive correlations between TNF-α and IL-6, TNF-α and IL-17, IL-6 and IL-17, and IL-17 and IL-23 were observed postoperatively. CONCLUSIONS According to our results, the reduction of anthropometric measurements induced by RYGB, significantly improves not only the plasma biochemical parameters (lipid profile and glycemia), but also the systemic inflammatory status of severely obese patients with MS. Trials registration NCT02409160.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucenda A Felipe
- Post-Graduation Program in Health Sciences, Santa Casa of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, SP, 01221-010, Brazil
| | - André L L Bachi
- Post-Graduation Program in Health Sciences, Santo Amaro University (UNISA), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Miriã C Oliveira
- Human Movement and Rehabilitation Post Graduation Program, Evangelical University of Goiás (UniEVANGELICA), Anápolis, GO, Brazil
| | - Sandra M B P Moreira
- Post-Graduation Program in Health Sciences, Santa Casa of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, SP, 01221-010, Brazil
| | - João Pedro R Afonso
- Human Movement and Rehabilitation Post Graduation Program, Evangelical University of Goiás (UniEVANGELICA), Anápolis, GO, Brazil
| | - Maria E M Lino
- Scientific Initiation Program, Evangelical University of Goiás, (UniEVANGELICA), Anápolis, GO, Brazil
| | - Vitória Paixão
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, ENT Lab, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, 04021-001, Brazil
| | - Carlos H M Silva
- Human Movement and Rehabilitation Post Graduation Program, Evangelical University of Goiás (UniEVANGELICA), Anápolis, GO, Brazil
| | - Rodolfo P Vieira
- Human Movement and Rehabilitation Post Graduation Program, Evangelical University of Goiás (UniEVANGELICA), Anápolis, GO, Brazil
| | - Sergio Vencio
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Goiania, (GO), Brazil
| | - Elias I Jirjos
- Post-Graduation Program in Health Sciences, Santa Casa of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, SP, 01221-010, Brazil
| | - Carlos A Malheiros
- Post-Graduation Program in Health Sciences, Santa Casa of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, SP, 01221-010, Brazil
| | - Giuseppe Insalaco
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), 90146, Palermo, Italy
| | - Wilson R Freitas Júnior
- Post-Graduation Program in Health Sciences, Santa Casa of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, SP, 01221-010, Brazil
| | - Luis V F Oliveira
- Human Movement and Rehabilitation Post Graduation Program, Evangelical University of Goiás (UniEVANGELICA), Anápolis, GO, Brazil.
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Mohr M, Fatouros IG, Asghar M, Buono P, Nassis GP, Krustrup P. Football training as a non-pharmacological treatment of the global aging population-A topical review. FRONTIERS IN AGING 2023; 4:1146058. [PMID: 36844000 PMCID: PMC9947510 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2023.1146058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
In the present topical mini-review, the beneficial impact of small-sided game football training for the increasing elderly global population is presented. As a multicomponent type of physical activity, football training executed on small pitched with 4-6 players in each team is targeting a myriad of physiological systems and causes positive adaptations of relevance for several non-communicable diseases, of which the incidence increases with advancing age. There is strong scientific evidence that this type of football training promotes cardiovascular, metabolic and musculo-skeletal health in elderly individuals. These positive adaptations can prevent cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, sarcopenia and osteoporosis, and lower the risk of falls. Also, football training has been proven an efficient part of the treatment of several patient groups including men with prostate cancer and women after breast cancer. Finally, regular football training has an anti-inflammatory effect and may slow the biological aging. Overall, there is a growing body of evidence suggesting that recreational football training can promote health in the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magni Mohr
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, SDU Sport and Health Sciences Cluster (SHSC), University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark,Centre of Health Science, Faculty of Health, University of the Faroe Islands, Tórshavn, Faroe Islands,*Correspondence: Magni Mohr,
| | - Ioannis G. Fatouros
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece
| | | | - Pasqualina Buono
- Department of Movement Sciences and Wellness, University Parthenope, Naples, Italy,CEINGE-Biotecnologie avanzate Francesco Salvatore, Napoli, Italy
| | - George P. Nassis
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, SDU Sport and Health Sciences Cluster (SHSC), University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark,Department of Physical Education, College of Education, United Arab Emirates, University, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Peter Krustrup
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, SDU Sport and Health Sciences Cluster (SHSC), University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark,Danish Institute for Advanced Study (DIAS), University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark,Sport and Health Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
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220
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Interaction between gut microbiota and sex hormones and their relation to sexual dimorphism in metabolic diseases. Biol Sex Differ 2023; 14:4. [PMID: 36750874 PMCID: PMC9903633 DOI: 10.1186/s13293-023-00490-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic diseases, such as obesity, metabolic syndrome (MetS) and type 2 diabetes (T2D), are now a widespread pandemic in the developed world. These pathologies show sex differences in their development and prevalence, and sex steroids, mainly estrogen and testosterone, are thought to play a prominent role in this sexual dimorphism. The influence of sex hormones on these pathologies is not only reflected in differences between men and women, but also between women themselves, depending on the hormonal changes associated with the menopause. The observed sex differences in gut microbiota composition have led to multiple studies highlighting the interaction between steroid hormones and the gut microbiota and its influence on metabolic diseases, ultimately pointing to a new therapy for these diseases based on the manipulation of the gut microbiota. This review aims to shed light on the role of sexual hormones in sex differences in the development and prevalence of metabolic diseases, focusing on obesity, MetS and T2D. We focus also the interaction between sex hormones and the gut microbiota, and in particular the role of microbiota in aspects such as gut barrier integrity, inflammatory status, and the gut-brain axis, given the relevance of these factors in the development of metabolic diseases.
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221
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Inflammation and Obesity: The Pharmacological Role of Flavonoids in the Zebrafish Model. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032899. [PMID: 36769222 PMCID: PMC9917473 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
A Mediterranean-style diet is highly encouraged thanks to its healthy food pattern, which includes valuable nutraceuticals such as polyphenols. Among these, flavonoids are associated with relevant biological properties through which they prevent or fight the onset of several human pathologies. Globally, the enhanced incidence of overweight and obese people has caused a dramatic increase in comorbidities, raising the need to provide better therapies. Therefore, the development of sophisticated animal models of metabolic dysregulation has allowed for a deepening of knowledge on this subject. Recent advances in using zebrafish (Danio rerio) as model for metabolic disease have yielded fundamental insights into the potential anti-obesity effects of flavonoids. Chronic low-grade inflammation and immune system activation seem to characterize the pathogenesis of obesity; thus, their reduction might improve the lipid profile of obese patients or prevent the development of associated metabolic illnesses. In this review, we highlight the beneficial role of flavonoids on obesity and related diseases linked to their anti-inflammatory properties. In light of the summarized studies, we suggest that anti-inflammatory therapies could have a relevant place in the prevention and treatment of obesity and metabolic disorders.
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Balagholi S, Dabbaghi R, Mohammadi S, Abbasi Malati Z, Javan MR, Eshghi P. Investigation of the potential of leukoreduction filters in the creation of anti-inflammatory compound. Transfus Apher Sci 2023; 62:103520. [PMID: 36115766 PMCID: PMC9398560 DOI: 10.1016/j.transci.2022.103520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Some viruses such as SARS, SARS-CoV-2, and MERS cause an imbalance in immune responses and leads to an acute inflammatory reaction named cytokine storm. In this situation, an anti-inflammatory component can modulate the immune system and decrease mortality. The aim of this study was investigate the potential of leukoreduction filters (LRFs) in creating an anti-inflammatory compound. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this experimental study, firstly optimal dose of the anti-inflammatory drug was obtained through LRFs treatment with 0.1 mg, 0.4 mg, 0.6 mg of Betamethasone. Then inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokine in gene and protein level was evaluated. In the next step, LRFs were categorized into treatment 1, treatment 2, control assay, and control groups and treated with the optimal dose of the drug. Finally, the obtained compound was investigated for the concentration of IL1, IL6, and TNF-α as inflammatory and IL4, IL1Ra, and IL10 as anti-inflammatory cytokines. RESULTS The results of the current study showed that the concentration of 0.4 mg of Betamethasone lead to a significant increase of anti-inflammatory cytokine in gene and protein levels. The results also showed that the Betamethasone treated groups (treatment1) causes a significant increase in the secretion of anti-inflammatory cytokine compares to the control while inflammatory cytokine remained at the control level. CONCLUSION The results showed that under influence of anti-inflammatory drug treatments the production and secretion of anti-inflammatory cytokines can be induced in LRFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Balagholi
- Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Tehran, Iran; Ophthalmic Research Center, Research Institute for Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Rasul Dabbaghi
- Ophthalmic Research Center, Research Institute for Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Saeed Mohammadi
- Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Tehran, Iran; Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Zahra Abbasi Malati
- Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Reza Javan
- Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Pyman Eshghi
- Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Tehran, Iran; Pediatric Congenital Hematologic disorders research center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Venkat R, Verma E, Daimary UD, Kumar A, Girisa S, Dutta U, Ahn KS, Kunnumakkara AB. The Journey of Resveratrol from Vineyards to Clinics. Cancer Invest 2023; 41:183-220. [PMID: 35993769 DOI: 10.1080/07357907.2022.2115057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
With rising technological advancements, several factors influence the lifestyle of people and stimulate chronic inflammation that severely affects the human body. Chronic inflammation leads to a broad range of physical and pathophysiological distress. For many years, non-steroidal drugs and corticosteroids were most frequently used in treating inflammation and related ailments. However, long-term usage of these drugs aggravates the conditions of chronic diseases and is presented with morbid side effects, especially in old age. Hence, the quest for safe and less toxic anti-inflammatory compounds of high therapeutic potential with least adverse side effects has shifted researchers' attention to ancient medicinal system. Resveratrol (RSV) - 3,4,5' trihydroxystilbene is one such naturally available polyphenolic stilbene derivative obtained from various plant sources. For over 2000 years, these plants have been used in Asian medicinal system for curing inflammation-associated disorders. There is a wealth of in vitro, in vivo and clinical evidence that shows RSV could induce anti-aging health benefits including, anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, phytoesterogenic, and cardio protective properties. However, the issue of rapid elimination of RSV through the metabolic system and its low bio-availability is of paramount importance which is being studied extensively. Therefore, in this article, we scientifically reviewed the molecular targets, biological activities, beneficial and contradicting effects of RSV as evinced by clinical studies for the prevention and treatment of inflammation-mediated chronic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramya Venkat
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Cancer Biology Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati, India
| | - Elika Verma
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Cancer Biology Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati, India
| | - Uzini Devi Daimary
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Cancer Biology Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati, India
| | - Aviral Kumar
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Cancer Biology Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati, India
| | - Sosmitha Girisa
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Cancer Biology Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati, India
| | - Uma Dutta
- Department of Zoology, Cell and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Cotton University, Guwahati, India
| | - Kwang Seok Ahn
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ajaikumar B Kunnumakkara
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Cancer Biology Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati, India
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Pediatric obesity and severe asthma: Targeting pathways driving inflammation. Pharmacol Res 2023; 188:106658. [PMID: 36642111 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.106658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Asthma affects more than 300 million people of all ages worldwide, including about 10-15% of school-aged children, and its prevalence is increasing. Severe asthma (SA) is a particular and rare phenotype requiring treatment with high-dose inhaled corticosteroids plus a second controller and/or systemic glucocorticoid courses to achieve symptom control or remaining "uncontrolled" despite this therapy. In SA, other diagnoses have been excluded, and potential exacerbating factors have been addressed. Notably, obese asthmatics are at higher risk of developing SA. Obesity is both a major risk factor and a disease modifier of asthma in children and adults: two main "obese asthma" phenotypes have been described in childhood with high or low levels of Type 2 inflammation biomarkers, respectively, the former characterized by early onset and eosinophilic inflammation and the latter by neutrophilic inflammation and late-onset. Nevertheless, the interplay between obesity and asthma is far more complex and includes obese tissue-driven inflammatory pathways, mechanical factors, comorbidities, and poor response to corticosteroids. This review outlines the most recent findings on SA in obese children, particularly focusing on inflammatory pathways, which are becoming of pivotal importance in order to identify selective targets for specific treatments, such as biological agents.
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Idres AY, Tousch D, Dhuyque-Mayer C, Hammad I, Lambert K, Cazals G, Portet K, Ferrare K, Bidel LPR, Poucheret P. An Original Asteraceae Based Infused Drink Prevents Metabolic Syndrome in Fructose-Rat Model. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12020340. [PMID: 36829899 PMCID: PMC9952384 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12020340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (METS) is a complex disorder that predisposes an affected person to an increased risk of diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Bitter Asteraceae plants contain several compounds active against METS that can be used as an alternative preventive therapy. Our previous work showed that a natural chicory extract (NCRAE) containing chicoric acid (CRA) and chlorogenic acid (CGA) in a molar ratio of 70/30 exhibited an antioxidant, insulin sensitization and anti-hyperglycemic effect. The present study was designed to evaluate the preventive effects of an NCRAE-like extract against METS in a complementary natural pharmacotherapeutic approach. An original Asteraceae infused drink containing the NCRAE CRA/CGA molecular ratio equivalent was prepared from dandelion (Taraxacum officinale L.) and burdock (Arctium lappa L.). The anti-METS effect of this drink was evaluated on the fructose-rat model for 8 weeks. Body weight, blood biochemistry, hepatic glucose-6-phosphatase, arterial blood pressure glucose and insulin tolerance were evaluated after 8 weeks. Our results show that daily oral intake of the Asteraceae infused drink led to a reduction of body weight gain, hyperglycemia, hypertriglyceridemia, insulin resistance and hypertension. Moreover, rat-by-rat analysis of the insulinemia measures revealed two types of responders. One sub-group of subjects demonstrated normal insulinemia and the other subgroup demonstrated hyperinsulinemia. This hyperinsulinemia, associated with the inhibition of the glucose-6-phosphatase activity in the liver tissue, may suggest an insulin release caused by CGA. The present study suggests that this original infusion of dandelion leaves and burdock roots may be used as an adjuvant therapy to prevent metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arezki Yanis Idres
- UMR 95 Qualisud, University of Montpellier, CIRAD, SupAgro Montpellier, BP 14491, CEDEX 5, 34093 Montpellier, France
| | - Didier Tousch
- UMR 95 Qualisud, University of Montpellier, CIRAD, SupAgro Montpellier, BP 14491, CEDEX 5, 34093 Montpellier, France
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-411-75-95-60
| | - Claudie Dhuyque-Mayer
- UMR 95 Qualisud, University of Montpellier, CIRAD, SupAgro Montpellier, BP 14491, CEDEX 5, 34093 Montpellier, France
| | - Imane Hammad
- UMR 95 Qualisud, University of Montpellier, CIRAD, SupAgro Montpellier, BP 14491, CEDEX 5, 34093 Montpellier, France
| | - Karen Lambert
- PhyMedExp, INSERM U1046, CNRS UMR 9214, University of Montpellier, CEDEX 5, 34295 Montpellier, France
| | - Guillaume Cazals
- Laboratoire de Mesure Physique, University of Montpellier, Place Eugène Bataillon, CEDEX 5, 34093 Montpellier, France
| | - Karine Portet
- UMR 95 Qualisud, University of Montpellier, CIRAD, SupAgro Montpellier, BP 14491, CEDEX 5, 34093 Montpellier, France
| | - Karine Ferrare
- UMR 95 Qualisud, University of Montpellier, CIRAD, SupAgro Montpellier, BP 14491, CEDEX 5, 34093 Montpellier, France
| | - Luc. P. R. Bidel
- INRA, UMR AGAP, CIRAD, SupAgro, 2 Place Pierre Viala, 34060 Montpellier, France
| | - Patrick Poucheret
- UMR 95 Qualisud, University of Montpellier, CIRAD, SupAgro Montpellier, BP 14491, CEDEX 5, 34093 Montpellier, France
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Roy I, Jover E, Matilla L, Alvarez V, Fernández-Celis A, Beunza M, Escribano E, Gainza A, Sádaba R, López-Andrés N. Soluble ST2 as a New Oxidative Stress and Inflammation Marker in Metabolic Syndrome. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:ijerph20032579. [PMID: 36767947 PMCID: PMC9915842 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20032579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a complex and prevalent disorder. Oxidative stress and inflammation might contribute to the progression of MS. Soluble ST2 (sST2) is an attractive and druggable molecule that sits at the interface between inflammation, oxidative stress and fibrosis. This study aims to analyze the relationship among sST2, oxidative stress, inflammation and echocardiographic parameters in MS patients. METHODS Fifty-eight patients with MS were recruited and underwent physical, laboratory and transthoracic echocardiography examinations. Commercial ELISA and appropriate colorimetric assays were used to quantify serum levels of oxidative stress and inflammation markers and sST2. RESULTS Circulating sST2 was increased in MS patients and was significantly correlated with the oxidative stress markers nitrotyrosine and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine as well as with peroxide levels. The inflammatory parameters interleukin-6, intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and myeloperoxidase were positively correlated with sST2. Noteworthy, sST2 was positively correlated with left ventricular mass, filling pressures and pulmonary arterial pressures. CONCLUSION Circulating levels of sST2 are associated with oxidative stress and inflammation burden and may underlie the pathological remodeling and dysfunction of the heart in MS patients. Our results suggest that sST2 elevation precedes diastolic dysfunction, emerging as an attractive biotarget in MS.
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Colon-Mesa I, Sainz N, Corrales P, Collantes M, Kaldis P, Martinez JA, Medina-Gómez G, Moreno-Aliaga MJ, Escoté X. p27Kip1 Deficiency Impairs Brown Adipose Tissue Function Favouring Fat Accumulation in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032664. [PMID: 36768986 PMCID: PMC9916555 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this work was to investigate the effect of the whole-body deletion of p27 on the activity of brown adipose tissue and the susceptibility to develop obesity and glucose homeostasis disturbances in mice, especially when subjected to a high fat diet. p27 knockout (p27-/-) and wild type (WT) mice were fed a normal chow diet or a high fat diet (HFD) for 10-weeks. Body weight and composition were assessed. Insulin and glucose tolerance tests and indirect calorimetry assays were performed. Histological analysis of interscapular BAT (iBAT) was carried out, and expression of key genes/proteins involved in BAT function were characterized by qPCR and Western blot. iBAT activity was estimated by 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18FDG) uptake with microPET. p27-/- mice were more prone to develop obesity and insulin resistance, exhibiting increased size of all fat depots. p27-/- mice displayed a higher respiratory exchange ratio. iBAT presented larger adipocytes in p27-/- HFD mice, accompanied by downregulation of both Glut1 and uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) in parallel with defective insulin signalling. Moreover, p27-/- HFD mice exhibited impaired response to cold exposure, characterized by a reduced iBAT 18FDG uptake and difficulty to maintain body temperature when exposed to cold compared to WT HFD mice, suggesting reduced thermogenic capacity. These data suggest that p27 could play a role in BAT activation and in the susceptibility to develop obesity and insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio Colon-Mesa
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology and Center for Nutrition Research, School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Neira Sainz
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology and Center for Nutrition Research, School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Patricia Corrales
- Department of Basic Sciences of Health, Area of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Alcorcon, 28933 Madrid, Spain
| | - María Collantes
- Nuclear Medicine Department, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Philipp Kaldis
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Clinical Research Centre (CRC), P.O. Box 50332, SE-202 13 Malmö, Sweden
- Lund University Diabetes Centre (LUDC), Lund University, SE-202 13 Malmö, Sweden
| | - José Alfredo Martinez
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology and Center for Nutrition Research, School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Gema Medina-Gómez
- Department of Basic Sciences of Health, Area of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Alcorcon, 28933 Madrid, Spain
- LAFEMEX Laboratory, Área de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Departamento de Ciencias Básicas de la Salud, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28922 Alcorcón, Spain
| | - María Jesús Moreno-Aliaga
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology and Center for Nutrition Research, School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- IdISNA—Navarra Institute for Health Research, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-948-425-600
| | - Xavier Escoté
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology and Center for Nutrition Research, School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Unitat de Nutrició i Salut, 43204 Reus, Spain
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228
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Fatty Acids as Potent Modulators of Autophagy Activity in White Adipose Tissue. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13020255. [PMID: 36830623 PMCID: PMC9953325 DOI: 10.3390/biom13020255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
A high-fat diet is one of the causative factors of obesity. The dietary profile of fatty acids is also an important variable in developing obesity, as saturated fatty acids are more obesogenic than monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids. Overweight and obesity are inseparably connected with the excess of adipose tissue in the body, characterized by hypertrophy and hyperplasia of fat cells, which increases the risk of developing metabolic syndrome. Changes observed within hypertrophic adipocytes result in elevated oxidative stress, unfolded protein accumulation, and increased endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. One of the processes involved in preservation of cellular homeostasis is autophagy, which is defined as an intracellular lysosome-dependent degradation system that serves to recycle available macromolecules and eliminate damaged organelles. In obesity, activation of autophagy is increased and the process appears to be regulated by different types of dietary fatty acids. This review describes the role of autophagy in adipose tissue and summarizes the current understanding of the effects of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids in autophagy modulation in adipocytes.
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229
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Defeudis G, Massari MC, Terrana G, Coppola L, Napoli N, Migliaccio S. Gluten-Free Diet and Metabolic Syndrome: Could Be a Not Benevolent Encounter? Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15030627. [PMID: 36771334 PMCID: PMC9921299 DOI: 10.3390/nu15030627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Celiac disease is a rising disorder and is becoming frequently diagnosed in recent years. To date, the only available treatment is the gluten-free diet (GFD). The role of gluten on components of metabolic syndrome and on related inflammatory response is still unclear due to controversial results. In recent years, scientific focus on this topic has been growing up, in particular regarding the role of the GFD on glycometabolic parameters and diabetes. In addition, studies on the remaining components showed discordant results, which was likely due to heterogeneous and large celiac disease populations and to the lack of prospective studies. Furthermore, knowledge about the role of the GFD on inflammatory cytokines and the relationship among vitamin D and celiac disease, metabolic syndrome (MS) and GFD is needed. In this narrative review, we provided evidence regarding the role of the GFD on glycometabolic parameters, cholesterol, triglycerides, waist circumference, blood pressure and inflammatory cascade, also evaluating the role of vitamin D, trying to summarize whether this nutritional pattern may be a value-added for subjects with dysmetabolic conditions. Finally, due to the limited findings and very low-certainty evidence, predominantly based on observational studies, the real effects of a GFD on different components of MS, however, are unclear; nevertheless, an improvement in HDL levels has been reported, although data on glycemic levels are discordant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Defeudis
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University Foro Italico of Rome, 00135 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence: or (G.D.); (S.M.)
| | - Maria Chiara Massari
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Terrana
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Lucia Coppola
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Nicola Napoli
- Unit of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University Campus Bio-Medico of Rome, 00128 Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Migliaccio
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University Foro Italico of Rome, 00135 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence: or (G.D.); (S.M.)
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230
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Wu M, Cai YL, Yang Y, Hu HM, Yao Y, Yang J, Deng JJ, Wan L. Vitamin D ameliorates insulin resistance-induced osteopenia by inactivating the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 3 inflammasome. Heliyon 2023; 9:e13215. [PMID: 36816288 PMCID: PMC9929320 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Osteoporosis (OP) can be considered a chronic complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Aberrant activation of the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is associated with the pathogenesis of various inflammation-related diseases, e.g., T2DM and OP. Vitamin D affects the inflammatory pathway and inhibits an excessive inflammatory response. The current study investigated the inter-relationship between vitamin D and inflammasome activation in T2DM. Method Hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cells and bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) were treated with Conditioned Medium of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells after VitD treatment (CM-VitD), as well as phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) specific agonist, 740Y-P, or the PI3K specific inhibitor, LY294002, respectively, or both. 40 Eight-week-old female Sprague Dawley rats were selected and established as a DM model. The rats were injected with CM-VitD, as well as the 740Y-P specific agonist, or the LY294002 inhibitor, respectively, or both. A quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and western blotting were conducted to evaluate the expression of messenger ribonucleic acid and protein in the RUX2 gene, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), OsteoPontiN (OPN), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ), fatty acid-binding protein 4 (FABP4), protein kinase B (AKT), PI3K, NLRP3, apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a caspase recruitment domain (ASC), caspase-1, interleukin (IL)-1 beta (β), IL-18, and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) in the BMSCs and liver tissue of rats. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect the concentration of inflammatory factors in the cell supernatant and serum of rats. Results An isolated co-culture of HepG2/insulin-resistance cells and BMSCs promoted the adipogenic transformation of the latter and inhibited the transformation of BMSCs into osteogenesis. The PI3K specific agonist, 740Y-P, significantly increased the expression of PI3K, AKT, NLRP3, ASC and Caspase-1 while the PI3K specific inhibitor, LY294002, does the opposite. Additionally, CM-VitD reduced the expression of NLRP3, ASC, caspase-1, IL-1β, and IL-18 in BMSCs and rat liver via the PI3K/AKT pathway. Conclusion Vitamin D can inhibit the inflammatory response induced by T2DM and promote the osteogenesis of BMSCs, which may play a key role in the treatment of type 2 diabetes patients with OP.
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231
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Ssekamatte P, Sande OJ, van Crevel R, Biraro IA. Immunologic, metabolic and genetic impact of diabetes on tuberculosis susceptibility. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1122255. [PMID: 36756113 PMCID: PMC9899803 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1122255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to the increasing prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) globally, the interaction between DM and major global diseases like tuberculosis (TB) is of great public health significance, with evidence of DM having about a three-fold risk for TB disease. TB defense may be impacted by diabetes-related effects on immunity, metabolism, and gene transcription. An update on the epidemiological aspects of DM and TB, and the recent trends in understanding the DM-associated immunologic, metabolic, and genetic mechanisms of susceptibility to TB will be discussed in this review. This review highlights gaps in the incomplete understanding of the mechanisms that may relate to TB susceptibility in type 2 DM (T2DM). Understanding these three main domains regarding mechanisms of TB susceptibility in T2DM patients can help us build practical treatment plans to lessen the combined burden of the diseases in rampant areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phillip Ssekamatte
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Biology, School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Obondo James Sande
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Biology, School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Reinout van Crevel
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Centre for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Irene Andia Biraro
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
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Monomeric C-Reactive Protein in Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease: Advances and Perspectives. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032079. [PMID: 36768404 PMCID: PMC9917083 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
This review aimed to trace the inflammatory pathway from the NLRP3 inflammasome to monomeric C-reactive protein (mCRP) in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. CRP is the final product of the interleukin (IL)-1β/IL-6/CRP axis. Its monomeric form can be produced at sites of local inflammation through the dissociation of pentameric CRP and, to some extent, local synthesis. mCRP has a distinct proinflammatory profile. In vitro and animal-model studies have suggested a role for mCRP in: platelet activation, adhesion, and aggregation; endothelial activation; leukocyte recruitment and polarization; foam-cell formation; and neovascularization. mCRP has been shown to deposit in atherosclerotic plaques and damaged tissues. In recent years, the first published papers have reported the development and application of mCRP assays. Principally, these studies demonstrated the feasibility of measuring mCRP levels. With recent advances in detection techniques and the introduction of first assays, mCRP-level measurement should become more accessible and widely used. To date, anti-inflammatory therapy in atherosclerosis has targeted the NLRP3 inflammasome and upstream links of the IL-1β/IL-6/CRP axis. Large clinical trials have provided sufficient evidence to support this strategy. However, few compounds target CRP. Studies on these agents are limited to animal models or small clinical trials.
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233
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Zi C, Wang D, Gao Y, He L. The role of Th17 cells in endocrine organs: Involvement of the gut, adipose tissue, liver and bone. Front Immunol 2023; 13:1104943. [PMID: 36726994 PMCID: PMC9884980 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1104943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
T Helper 17 (Th17) cells are adaptive immune cells that play myriad roles in the body. Immune-endocrine interactions are vital in endocrine organs during pathological states. Th17 cells are known to take part in multiple autoimmune diseases over the years. Current evidence has moved from minimal to substantial that Th17 cells are closely related to endocrine organs. Diverse tissue Th17 cells have been discovered within endocrine organs, including gut, adipose tissue, liver and bone, and these cells are modulated by various secretions from endocrine organs. Th17 cells in these endocrine organs are key players in the process of an array of metabolic disorders and inflammatory conditions, including obesity, insulin resistance, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC), osteoporosis and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). We reviewed the pathogenetic or protective functions played by Th17 cells in various endocrine tissues and identified potential regulators for plasticity of it. Furthermore, we discussed the roles of Th17 cells in crosstalk of gut-organs axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changyan Zi
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Die Wang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yongxiang Gao
- School of International Education, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China,*Correspondence: Yongxiang Gao, ; Lisha He,
| | - Lisha He
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China,*Correspondence: Yongxiang Gao, ; Lisha He,
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234
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New Treatment for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Using a Novel Bipyrazole Compound. Cells 2023; 12:cells12020267. [PMID: 36672202 PMCID: PMC9856649 DOI: 10.3390/cells12020267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
2',3,3,5'-Tetramethyl-4'-nitro-2'H-1,3'-bipyrazole (TMNB) is a novel bipyrazole compound with unknown therapeutic potential in diabetes mellitus. This study aims to investigate the anti-diabetic effects of TMNB in a high-fat diet and streptozotocin-(HFD/STZ)-induced rat model of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D). Rats were fed HFD, followed by a single low dose of STZ (40 mg/kg). HFD/STZ diabetic rats were treated orally with TMNB (10 mg/kg) or (200 mg/kg) metformin for 10 days before terminating the experiment and collecting plasma, soleus muscle, adipose tissue, and liver for further downstream analysis. TMNB reduced the elevated levels of serum glucose in diabetic rats compared to the vehicle control group (p < 0.001). TMNB abrogated the increase in serum insulin in the treated diabetic group compared to the vehicle control rats (p < 0.001). The homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was decreased in the diabetic rats treated with TMNB compared to the vehicle controls. The skeletal muscle and adipose tissue protein contents of GLUT4 and AMPK were upregulated following treatment with TMNB (p < 0.001, < 0.01, respectively). TMNB was able to upregulate GLUT2 and AMPK protein expression in liver (p < 0.001, < 0.001, respectively). LDL, triglyceride, and cholesterol were reduced in diabetic rats treated with TMNB compared to the vehicle controls (p < 0.001, 0.01, respectively). TMNB reduced MDA and IL-6 levels (p < 0.001), and increased GSH level (p < 0.05) in diabetic rats compared to the vehicle controls. Conclusion: TMNB ameliorates insulin resistance, oxidative stress, and inflammation in a T2D model. TMNB could represent a promising therapeutic agent to treat T2D.
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235
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Colbran R, Nicol A, Mangan S, Sabat N, Pretorius F. Outcomes of the overweight and obese major trauma patient in the rural setting. Injury 2023; 54:1369-1373. [PMID: 36669945 DOI: 10.1016/j.injury.2023.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Overweight and obese patients are more prevalent in rural and remote areas and are of major public health concern in Australia. We aimed to evaluate the mortality and morbidity of overweight and obese trauma patients in the rural Australian context. METHOD This was a retrospective cohort study on 207 major trauma patients (injury severity score [ISS] > 12) treated at the Mackay Base Hospital between 2018 and 2021. Data was extracted from the Mackay Base Hospital trauma database and hospital records. Outcomes were compared between body mass index (BMI) groups. RESULTS There were 164 males (79%) and 43 females (21%). The average BMI was 27.09 (standard deviation 5.46). 7 patients (3%) were in the underweight category (BMI < 18.5 kg/m2), 70 (34%) were of normal weight (BMI 18.5-24.9 kg/m2), 79 (38%) were overweight (BMI 25-29.9 kg/m2), and 51 (25%) were obese (BMI > 30 kg/m2). The majority of trauma was blunt (n = 203, 98%). Compared to patients with normal BMI, obese patients were significantly more likely to require intubation, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, and have a longer ICU stay. There were no significant differences in requirement for surgery, duration of surgery, hospital length of stay, ventilator time, or mortality (P > 0.05). However, subgroup analysis of the obese patient group showed an increased rate of complications (sepsis, acute kidney injury, fluid overload and pneumonia), longer ventilation times, hospital and ICU length of stay with increasing BMI in these patients. CONCLUSION The majority of trauma presentations in our regional community are in overweight or obese patients. Overweight and obese patients are more likely to require intubation and have a longer intensive care unit admission than normal weight counterparts. Amongst obese patients, those with BMI > 40 (obesity class 3) are at significantly increased risk of complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Colbran
- Mackay Base Hospital, Mackay, Queensland, Australia; University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Alice Nicol
- Mackay Base Hospital, Mackay, Queensland, Australia
| | | | - Nestor Sabat
- Mackay Base Hospital, Mackay, Queensland, Australia; University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Francois Pretorius
- Mackay Base Hospital, Mackay, Queensland, Australia; James Cook University, Townsville, Australia
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Isorhamnetin Reduces Glucose Level, Inflammation, and Oxidative Stress in High-Fat Diet/Streptozotocin Diabetic Mice Model. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28020502. [PMID: 36677559 PMCID: PMC9866402 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28020502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Isorhamnetin is a flavonoid that is found in medical plants. Several studies showed that isorhamnetin has anti-inflammatory and anti-obesity effects. This study aims to investigate the anti-diabetic effects of isorhamnetin in a high-fat diet and Streptozotocin-(HFD/STZ)-induced mice model of type 2 diabetes. Materials and Methods: Mice were fed with HFD followed by two consecutive low doses of STZ (40 mg/kg). HFD/STZ diabetic mice were treated orally with isorhamnetin (10 mg/kg) or (200 mg/kg) metformin for 10 days before sacrificing the mice and collecting plasma and soleus muscle for further analysis. Results: Isorhamnetin reduced the elevated levels of serum glucose compared to the vehicle control group (p < 0.001). Isorhamnetin abrogated the increase in serum insulin in the treated diabetic group compared to the vehicle control mice (p < 0.001). The homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was decreased in diabetic mice treated with isorhamnetin compared to the vehicle controls. Fasting glucose level was significantly lower in diabetic mice treated with isorhamnetin during the intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test (IPGTT) (p < 0.001). The skeletal muscle protein contents of GLUT4 and p-AMPK-α were upregulated following treatment with isorhamnetin (p > 0.01). LDL, triglyceride, and cholesterol were reduced in diabetic mice treated with isorhamnetin compared to vehicle control (p < 0.001). Isorhamnetin reduced MDA, and IL-6 levels (p < 0.001), increased GSH levels (p < 0.001), and reduced GSSG levels (p < 0.05) in diabetic mice compared to vehicle control. Conclusions: Isorhamnetin ameliorates insulin resistance, oxidative stress, and inflammation. Isorhamnetin could represent a promising therapeutic agent to treat T2D.
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Li D, Zhong J, Zhang Q, Zhang J. Effects of anti-inflammatory therapies on glycemic control in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1125116. [PMID: 36936906 PMCID: PMC10014557 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1125116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The overall evidence base of anti-inflammatory therapies in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has not been systematically evaluated. The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of anti-inflammatory therapies on glycemic control in patients with T2DM. Methods PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library were searched up to 21 September 2022 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with anti-inflammatory therapies targeting the proinflammatory cytokines, cytokine receptors, and inflammation-associated nuclear transcription factors in the pathogenic processes of diabetes, such as interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-1β receptor (IL-1βR), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB). We synthesized data using mean difference (MD) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Heterogeneity between studies was assessed by I2 tests. Sensitivity and subgroup analyses were also conducted. Results We included 16 RCTs comprising 3729 subjects in the meta-analyses. Anti-inflammatory therapies can significantly reduce the level of fasting plasma glucose (FPG) (MD = - 10.04; 95% CI: -17.69, - 2.40; P = 0.01), glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) (MD = - 0.37; 95% CI: - 0.51, - 0.23; P < 0.00001), and C-reactive protein (CRP) (MD = - 1.05; 95% CI: - 1.50, - 0.60; P < 0.00001) compared with control, and therapies targeting IL-1β in combination with TNF-α have better effects on T2DM than targeting IL-1β or TNF-α alone. Subgroup analyses suggested that patients with short duration of T2DM may benefit more from anti-inflammatory therapies. Conclusion Our meta-analyses indicate that anti-inflammatory therapies targeting the pathogenic processes of diabetes can significantly reduce the level of FPG, HbA1c, and CRP in patients with T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Li
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology, Ministry of Education, and Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jiaxin Zhong
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology, Ministry of Education, and Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qirui Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology, Ministry of Education, and Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- *Correspondence: Jingjing Zhang,
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Kwon OC, Kim Y, Chun J, Han K, Park MC, Kim R, Kim JH, Youn YH, Park H. Association of immune-mediated inflammatory diseases with depression and anxiety in patients with type 2 diabetes: A nationwide population-based study. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1103911. [PMID: 37138731 PMCID: PMC10150640 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1103911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) are at a high risk of developing depression and anxiety. To better stratify the risk, we aimed to assess whether the presence of immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs) confers a higher risk of depression and anxiety in these patients. Methods Patients with T2DM without prior depression or anxiety who underwent national health examination between 2009 and 2012 (n = 1,612,705) were enrolled from the nationwide health check-up data from Korean National Health Insurance Service. The outcome events were incident depression and anxiety, defined as International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision codes F32-F33 and F40-F41, respectively. Multivariable Cox proportional hazard regression analyses were conducted to estimate the adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) according to the existence of IMIDs. Results Over an average follow-up time of 6.4 years, existence of gut IMIDs was associated with a higher risk of depression (aHR: 1.28 [95% CI: 1.08-1.53]) and anxiety (1.22 [1.06-1.42]). Existence of joint IMIDs was associated with a higher risk of depression (1.34 [1.31-1.37]) and anxiety (1.31 [1.29-1.34]). Existence of skin IMID was associated with a higher risk of depression (1.18 [1.14-1.23]) and anxiety (1.13 [1.09-1.16]). The effect sizes of IMIDs on depression and anxiety were larger in those with ≥ 2 IMIDs (1.42 [1.19-1.69] and 1.49 [1.29-1.72], respectively) than in those with one IMID (1.30 [1.27-1.32] and 1.26 [1.24-1.28], respectively). Conclusion In patients with T2DM, presence of IMIDs was associated with a higher risk of depression and anxiety. More stringent attention and screening for anxiety and depression should be encouraged in patients with T2DM and comorbid IMIDs due to clinical implications of psychological distress on patient-reported outcomes and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oh Chan Kwon
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yuna Kim
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaeyoung Chun
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- *Correspondence: Jaeyoung Chun, ; Kyungdo Han,
| | - Kyungdo Han
- Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, Soongsil University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- *Correspondence: Jaeyoung Chun, ; Kyungdo Han,
| | - Min-Chan Park
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ryul Kim
- Department of Neurology, Inha University Hospital, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jie-Hyun Kim
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Hoon Youn
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyojin Park
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Cura–Esquivel I, Perales-Quintana MM, Torres-González L, Guzmán-Avilán K, Muñoz-Espinosa L, Cordero-Pérez P. Metabolic, inflammatory and adipokine differences on overweight/obese children with and without metabolic syndrome: A cross-sectional study. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0281381. [PMID: 36920931 PMCID: PMC10016645 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0281381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is associated with low-grade inflammation and metabolic syndrome (MetS) in both children and adults. Our aim was to describe metabolic, inflammatory and adipokine differences on overweight/obese children with and without MetS. METHODS This was an observational study. A total of 107 children and adolescents aged 6-18 years were included. Among this sample, n = 21 had normal body weight, n = 22 had overweight/obesity without MetS, and n = 64 had overweight/obesity with MetS. Anthropometric data and biochemical, adipokine, and inflammatory markers were measured. Different ratios were then assessed for estimate the probability of MetS. ROC analysis was used to estimate the diagnostic accuracy and optimal cutoff points for ratios. RESULTS Serum CRP levels were higher among children with overweight/obesity with MetS. Adipokines like PAI-1 and leptin were significantly lower in children with normal body weight. The Adipo/Lep ratio was highest in the group with normal body weight. TG/HDL-C and TC/HDL-C ratios were significantly correlated with BMI, DBP, PCR, and PAI-1. TC/HDL-C ratio was significantly correlated with SBP and resistin. TGL/HDL-C ratio was significantly correlated with waist and hip circumferences, fasting glucose, and MCP-1. The AUC for TG/HDL-C at the optimal cutoff of 2.39 showed 85.71% sensitivity and 71.43% specificity. CT/HDL-C at the optimal cutoff of 3.70 showed 65.08% sensitivity and 81.82% specificity. Levels of both ratios increased significantly as additional MetS criteria were fulfilled. CONCLUSION Low-grade inflammation is correlated with MetS in children with overweight/obesity. TGL, HDL-C and TGL/HDL-C ratio, obtainable from routine lab tests, allows identification of MetS in children with overweight or obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Idalia Cura–Esquivel
- Departamento de Pediatría, Hospital Universitario “Dr. José E. González”, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, Nuevo León, México
| | | | - Liliana Torres-González
- Unidad de Hígado, Hospital Universitario “Dr. José E. González”, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, Nuevo León, México
| | - Katia Guzmán-Avilán
- Departamento de Pediatría, Hospital Universitario “Dr. José E. González”, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, Nuevo León, México
| | - Linda Muñoz-Espinosa
- Unidad de Hígado, Hospital Universitario “Dr. José E. González”, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, Nuevo León, México
| | - Paula Cordero-Pérez
- Unidad de Hígado, Hospital Universitario “Dr. José E. González”, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, Nuevo León, México
- * E-mail:
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Patoulias D, Katsimardou A, Fragakis N, Papadopoulos C, Doumas M. Effect of SGLT-2 inhibitors on cardiac autonomic function in type 2 diabetes mellitus: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Acta Diabetol 2023; 60:1-8. [PMID: 35986116 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-022-01958-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiac autonomic neuropathy (CAN) is a common complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We sought to determine whether sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors affect indices of CAN in patients with T2DM. METHODS We searched for parallel group or cross-over randomized controlled trials (RCTs) enrolling adult subjects with T2DM, assigned to a SGLT-2 inhibitor versus placebo or active comparator and addressing their effect on CAN. PubMed, Cochrane Library and gray literature sources were searched. We set as primary efficacy outcome the change in the low-frequency-to-high-frequency (LF/HF) ratio. We set as secondary efficacy outcomes: first, the change in the standard deviation of all 5 min mean normal RR intervals and second, the change in the square root of the mean of the sum of the squares of differences between adjacent RR intervals (r-MSSD). Protocol has not been registered at a publicly available repository. RESULTS We pooled data from four RCTs in a total of 247 subjects with T2DM. SGLT-2 inhibitor treatment did not have a significant effect on LF/HF ratio (MD = - 0.11, 95% CI - 0.35 to 0.12, I2 = 0%, p = 0.36). SGLT-2 inhibitor treatment did not have a significant impact either on SDNN (MD = - 2.83, 95% CI - 7.41 to 1.75, I2 = 31%, p = 0.23), or on r-MSSD (MD = - 0.14, 95% CI - 3.52 to 3.25, I2 = 46%, p = 0.94). Overall risk of bias was graded as low across the selected RCTs. CONCLUSION SGLT-2 inhibitor treatment in patients with T2DM does not seem to provide any significant beneficial effect on CAN indices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios Patoulias
- Second Propedeutic Department of Internal Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, General Hospital "Hippokration", Konstantinoupoleos 49, 54642, Thessaloníki, Greece.
| | - Alexandra Katsimardou
- Second Propedeutic Department of Internal Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, General Hospital "Hippokration", Konstantinoupoleos 49, 54642, Thessaloníki, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Fragakis
- Third Department of Cardiology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, General Hospital "Hippokration", Thessaloníki, Greece
| | - Christodoulos Papadopoulos
- Third Department of Cardiology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, General Hospital "Hippokration", Thessaloníki, Greece
| | - Michael Doumas
- Second Propedeutic Department of Internal Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, General Hospital "Hippokration", Konstantinoupoleos 49, 54642, Thessaloníki, Greece
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Cao F, Yang M, Cheng Y, Zhang X, Shi L, Li N. Correlation analysis of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and clinical characteristics and cognitive impairment in type 2 diabetes mellitus comorbid major depressive disorder. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1081393. [PMID: 37213540 PMCID: PMC10192629 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1081393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and major depressive disorder (MDD) are both chronic diseases, and they are often co-morbid. Usually, T2DM and MDD are associated with cognitive impairment, and the comorbidity status of both may increase the risk of cognitive impairment, but the underlying pathogenesis is not clear. Studies have shown that inflammation, especially monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), could be associated with the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus comorbid major depressive disorder. Aims To investigate the correlations of MCP-1 with clinical characteristics and cognitive impairment in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients combined with major depressive disorder. Methods A total of 84 participants were recruited in this study, including 24 healthy controls (HC), 21 T2DM patients, 23 MDD patients, and 16 T2DM combined with MDD (TD) patients, to measure the serum MCP-1 levels using Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). And the cognitive function, depression, and anxiety degree were assessed using Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS), 17-item Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD-17), and Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA), respectively. Results (1) Serum MCP-1 expression levels in the TD group were higher than HC, T2DM, and MDD groups, respectively (p < 0.05). And compared with HC and MDD groups, serum MCP-1 levels in the T2DM group were higher (p < 0.05) statistically. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve showed that MCP-1 could diagnose T2DM at cut-off values of 503.8 pg./mL (sensitivity 80.95%, specificity 79.17%, AUC = 0.7956) and of 718.1 pg./mL for TD (sensitivity 81.25%, specificity 91.67%, AUC = 0.9271). (2) Group differences in cognitive function were significant. Compared with the HC group, total RBANS scores, attention scores, and language scores in the TD group were lower, respectively (p < 0.05), and total RBANS scores, attention scores, and visuospatial/constructional scores in the MDD group were lower, respectively (p < 0.05). Compared with the T2DM group, immediate memory scores in HC, MDD, and TD groups were lower, respectively, and total RBANS scores in TD were lower (p < 0.05). (3) Correlation analysis showed that hip circumference was negatively correlated with MCP-1 levels in the T2DM group (R = -0.483, p = 0.027), but the correlation disappeared after adjusting age and gender (r = -0.372; p = 0.117), and there were no significant correlations between MCP-1 and other variables. Conclusion MCP-1 may be involved in the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients combined with major depressive disorder. And MCP-1 may be significant for the early evaluation and diagnosis of TD in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Cao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- The Third People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Mei Yang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yuqi Cheng
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Xiuyue Zhang
- Department of Endocrine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Yunnan, China
| | - Li Shi
- The First People’s Hospital of Yuxi, Yuxi, Yunnan, China
| | - Na Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- *Correspondence: Na Li,
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Guo W, Zhao X, Cheng D, Liang X, Miao M, Li X, Lu J, Xu N, Hu S, Zhang Q. Muscle Fat Content Is Associated with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Liver Fibrosis in Chinese Adults. J Nutr Health Aging 2023; 27:960-965. [PMID: 37997716 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-023-2015-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Several studies have linked myosteatosis with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in individuals with obesity. The clinical significance of myosteatosis in individuals with NAFLD in the general population has not been well investigated. Here, we wanted to explore and compare the associations of NAFLD and liver fibrosis with muscle fat content and skeletal muscle mass (SMM) in a relatively large general population in China. METHODS We retrospectively included all participants who underwent abdominal CT scans in our health promotion center between April 2021 and October 2021. Muscle fat content was assessed by abdomen quantitative computed tomography (QCT) scans, and SMM was evaluated by bioelectrical impedance. NAFLD was assessed by ultrasonography. The NAFLD fibrosis score (NFS) and Fibrosis-4 Index (FIB-4) score were calculated to assess liver fibrosis. RESULTS Compared with participants without NAFLD, patients with NAFLD showed significantly increased intermuscular adipose tissue (IMAT%) (7.40±3.37% vs. 6.76±2.66%, P <0.01). According to a multiple logistic regression model, IMAT% (OR=1.091, 95% CI 1.030-1.155, P=0.003) was only independently correlated with NAFLD in obese participants. Mediation analysis showed that BMI mediated the association between IMAT% and NAFLD. In participants with NAFLD, increased IMAT% was independently associated with an increased intermediate to high risk of advanced fibrosis assessed by the NFS or FIB-4 score after adjusting for multiple potential confounders. However, SMM was only independently correlated with an intermediate to high risk for advanced fibrosis evaluated by the NFS and not by the FIB-4 score. CONCLUSION Increased muscle fat content is positively correlated with NAFLD and intermediate to high risk for advanced fibrosis in the general Chinese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Guo
- Qun Zhang, M.D., Department of Health Promotion Center, the First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, China, 210029. E-mail: , ORCID: 0000-0003-2208-7998; Shuang Hu, M.D., Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 72 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, China, 210008, E-mail:
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Wastyk HC, Perelman D, Topf M, Fragiadakis GK, Robinson JL, Sonnenburg JL, Gardner CD, Sonnenburg ED. Randomized controlled trial demonstrates response to a probiotic intervention for metabolic syndrome that may correspond to diet. Gut Microbes 2023; 15:2178794. [PMID: 36803658 PMCID: PMC9980610 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2023.2178794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
An individual's immune and metabolic status is coupled to their microbiome. Probiotics offer a promising, safe route to influence host health, possibly via the microbiome. Here, we report an 18-week, randomized prospective study that explores the effects of a probiotic vs. placebo supplement on 39 adults with elevated parameters of metabolic syndrome. We performed longitudinal sampling of stool and blood to profile the human microbiome and immune system. While we did not see changes in metabolic syndrome markers in response to the probiotic across the entire cohort, there were significant improvements in triglycerides and diastolic blood pressure in a subset of probiotic arm participants. Conversely, the non-responders had increased blood glucose and insulin levels over time. The responders had a distinct microbiome profile at the end of the intervention relative to the non-responders and placebo arm. Importantly, diet was a key differentiating factor between responders and non-responders. Our results show participant-specific effects of a probiotic supplement on improving parameters of metabolic syndrome and suggest that dietary factors may enhance stability and efficacy of the supplement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah C. Wastyk
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Dalia Perelman
- Stanford Prevention Research Center, Department of Medicine, Stanford School of 4Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Madeline Topf
- Microbiology & Immunology, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | - Jennifer L. Robinson
- Stanford Prevention Research Center, Department of Medicine, Stanford School of 4Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Justin L. Sonnenburg
- Microbiology & Immunology, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA,Center for Human Microbiome Studies, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA,Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA, USA,CONTACT Justin L. Sonnenburg Microbiology & Immunology, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA94305, USA
| | - Christopher D. Gardner
- Stanford Prevention Research Center, Department of Medicine, Stanford School of 4Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA,Christopher D. Gardner Stanford Prevention Research Center, Department of Medicine, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA94305, USA
| | - Erica D. Sonnenburg
- Microbiology & Immunology, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA,Center for Human Microbiome Studies, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA,Erica D. Sonnenburg Microbiology & Immunology, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
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Ye D, Huang J, Wu J, Xie K, Gao X, Yan K, Zhang P, Tao Y, Li Y, Zang S, Rong X, Li J, Guo J. Integrative metagenomic and metabolomic analyses reveal gut microbiota-derived multiple hits connected to development of gestational diabetes mellitus in humans. Gut Microbes 2023; 15:2154552. [PMID: 36550785 PMCID: PMC9794004 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2022.2154552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is characterized by the development of hyperglycemia and insulin resistance during the second or third trimester of pregnancy, associated with considerable risks to both the mother and developing fetus. Although emerging evidence suggests an association between the altered gut microbiota and GDM, remarkably little is known about the microbial and metabolic mechanisms that link the dysbiosis of the gut microbiota to the development of GDM. In this study, a metagenome-wide association study and serum metabolomics profiling were performed in a cohort of pregnant women with GDM and pregnant women with normal glucose tolerance (NGT). We identified gut microbial alterations associated with GDM and linked to the changes in circulating metabolites. Blood metabolite profiles revealed that GDM patients exhibited a marked increase in 2-hydroxybutyric acid and L-alpha-aminobutyric acid, but a decrease in methionine sulfoxide, allantoin, and dopamine and dopaminergic synapse, when compared with those in NGT controls. Short-chain fatty acid-producing genera, including Faecalibacterium, Prevotella, and Streptococcus, and species Bacteroides coprophilus, Eubacterium siraeum, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, Prevotella copri, and Prevotella stercorea, were significantly reduced in GDM patients relative to those in NGT controls. Bacterial co-occurrence network analysis revealed that pro-inflammatory bacteria were over-represented as the core species in GDM patients. These microbial and metabolic signatures are closely associated with clinical parameters of glucose metabolism in GDM patients and NGT controls. In conclusion, we identified circulating dopamine insufficiency, imbalanced production of SCFAs, and excessive metabolic inflammation as gut microbiota-driven multiple parallel hits linked to GDM development. This work might explain in part the mechanistic link between altered gut microbiota and GDM pathogenesis, and suggest that gut microbiota may serve as a promising target to intervene in GDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dewei Ye
- Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Diseases of the Ministry of Education, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China,Guangdong Metabolic Disease Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China,Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China,Key Laboratory of Metabolic Phenotyping in Model Animals, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiating Huang
- Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Diseases of the Ministry of Education, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China,Guangdong Metabolic Disease Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China,Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China,Shenzhen Research Institute, City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jiaming Wu
- Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Diseases of the Ministry of Education, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China,Guangdong Metabolic Disease Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China,Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China,Key Laboratory of Metabolic Phenotyping in Model Animals, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kang Xie
- Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Diseases of the Ministry of Education, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China,Guangdong Metabolic Disease Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiang Gao
- Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Diseases of the Ministry of Education, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China,Guangdong Metabolic Disease Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kaixuan Yan
- Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Diseases of the Ministry of Education, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China,Guangdong Metabolic Disease Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China,Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China,Key Laboratory of Metabolic Phenotyping in Model Animals, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pengfei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Diseases of the Ministry of Education, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China,Guangdong Metabolic Disease Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China,Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China,Key Laboratory of Metabolic Phenotyping in Model Animals, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying Tao
- The First Affiliated Hospital/School of Clinical Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yun Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital/School of Clinical Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shufei Zang
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Fifth People’s Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xianglu Rong
- Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Diseases of the Ministry of Education, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China,Guangdong Metabolic Disease Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China,Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun Li
- Shenzhen Research Institute, City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China,Department of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China,School of Data Science, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jiao Guo
- Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Diseases of the Ministry of Education, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China,Guangdong Metabolic Disease Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China,Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China,CONTACT Jiao Guo Science and Technology Building, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega, 280 Waihuan East Road, Room 403, 4th Floor, Guangzhou, China
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Maestri M, Santopaolo F, Pompili M, Gasbarrini A, Ponziani FR. Gut microbiota modulation in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: Effects of current treatments and future strategies. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1110536. [PMID: 36875849 PMCID: PMC9978194 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1110536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is frequently associated with metabolic disorders, being highly prevalent in obese and diabetic patients. Many concomitant factors that promote systemic and liver inflammation are involved in NAFLD pathogenesis, with a growing body of evidence highlighting the key role of the gut microbiota. Indeed, the gut-liver axis has a strong impact in the promotion of NAFLD and in the progression of the wide spectrum of its manifestations, claiming efforts to find effective strategies for gut microbiota modulation. Diet is among the most powerful tools; Western diet negatively affects intestinal permeability and the gut microbiota composition and function, selecting pathobionts, whereas Mediterranean diet fosters health-promoting bacteria, with a favorable impact on lipid and glucose metabolism and liver inflammation. Antibiotics and probiotics have been used to improve NAFLD features, with mixed results. More interestingly, medications used to treat NAFLD-associated comorbidities may also modulate the gut microbiota. Drugs for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), such as metformin, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) agonists, and sodium-glucose cotransporter (SGLT) inhibitors, are not only effective in the regulation of glucose homeostasis, but also in the reduction of liver fat content and inflammation, and they are associated with a shift in the gut microbiota composition towards a healthy phenotype. Even bariatric surgery significantly changes the gut microbiota, mostly due to the modification of the gastrointestinal anatomy, with a parallel improvement in histological features of NAFLD. Other options with promising effects in reprogramming the gut-liver axis, such as fecal microbial transplantation (FMT) and next-generation probiotics deserve further investigation for future inclusion in the therapeutic armamentarium of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Maestri
- Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology-Hepatology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Santopaolo
- Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology-Hepatology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Maurizio Pompili
- Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology-Hepatology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy.,Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Gasbarrini
- Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology-Hepatology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy.,Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Romana Ponziani
- Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology-Hepatology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy.,Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
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246
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Ye L, Hu P, Feng LP, Huang LL, Wang Y, Yan X, Xiong J, Xia HL. Protective Effects of Ferulic Acid on Metabolic Syndrome: A Comprehensive Review. Molecules 2022; 28:molecules28010281. [PMID: 36615475 PMCID: PMC9821889 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28010281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a complex disease in which protein, fat, carbohydrates and other substances are metabolized in a disorderly way. Ferulic acid (FA) is a phenolic acid found in many vegetables, fruits, cereals and Chinese herbs that has a strong effect on ameliorating MetS. However, no review has summarized the mechanisms of FA in treating MetS. This review collected articles related to the effects of FA on ameliorating the common symptoms of MetS, such as diabetes, hyperlipidemia, hypertension and obesity, from different sources involving Web of Science, PubMed and Google Scholar, etc. This review summarizes the potential mechanisms of FA in improving various metabolic disorders according to the collected articles. FA ameliorates diabetes via the inhibition of the expressions of PEPCK, G6Pase and GP, the upregulation of the expressions of GK and GS, and the activation of the PI3K/Akt/GLUT4 signaling pathway. The decrease of blood pressure is related to the endothelial function of the aortas and RAAS. The improvement of the lipid spectrum is mediated via the suppression of the HMG-Co A reductase, by promoting the ACSL1 expression and by the regulation of the factors associated with lipid metabolism. Furthermore, FA inhibits obesity by upregulating the MEK/ERK pathway, the MAPK pathway and the AMPK signaling pathway and by inhibiting SREBP-1 expression. This review can be helpful for the development of FA as an appreciable agent for MetS treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Ye
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Pan Hu
- Chengdu Institute of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Chengdu 610016, China
- Correspondence: (P.H.); (H.-L.X.); Tel.: +86-182-2442-7340 (P.H.); +86-135-6889-9011 (H.-L.X.)
| | - Li-Ping Feng
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Li-Lu Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Yi Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Xin Yan
- Chengdu Institute of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Chengdu 610016, China
| | - Jing Xiong
- Chengdu Institute of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Chengdu 610016, China
| | - Hou-Lin Xia
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
- Correspondence: (P.H.); (H.-L.X.); Tel.: +86-182-2442-7340 (P.H.); +86-135-6889-9011 (H.-L.X.)
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247
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Associations of leptin and corticostriatal connectivity in bipolar disorder. Sci Rep 2022; 12:21898. [PMID: 36535988 PMCID: PMC9763246 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-26233-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Bipolar disorder (BD) and metabolic disturbance represent a chronic state of low-grade inflammation and corticostriatal circuitry alterations. Herein, we aimed to investigate whether plasma leptin, an adipokine that plays a key role in the interplay of metabolism and inflammation, is associated with corticostriatal connectivity in patients with BD. Twenty-eight BD I patients, 36 BD II patients and 66 healthy controls were enrolled and completed the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, the Young Mania Rating Scale, and the Recent Life Change Questionnaire. Fasting plasma leptin and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were measured, and corticostriatal connectivity was examined using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). The relationships between leptin, CRP and body mass index (BMI) identified in the controls and BD II patients were absent in the BD I patients. We did not find a significant group difference in the leptin level; nevertheless, the negative correlation between leptin level and corticostriatal connectivity (ventrolateral prefrontal cortex and inferior temporal gyrus) observed in the healthy controls was absent in the BD patients. The disproportionate increase in leptin level with increasing BMI in BD indicated a potential inflammatory role of white adipose tissue in BD. Furthermore, higher CRP levels in BD I patients might induce leptin resistance. Collectively, our results implied vulnerability to inflammatory and metabolic diseases in patients with BD, especially BD I.
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248
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Hamamah S, Gheorghita R, Lobiuc A, Sirbu IO, Covasa M. Fecal microbiota transplantation in non-communicable diseases: Recent advances and protocols. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:1060581. [PMID: 36569149 PMCID: PMC9773399 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.1060581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Fecal microbiota transplant (FMT) is a therapeutic method that aims to restore normal gut microbial composition in recipients. Currently, FMT is approved in the USA to treat recurrent and refractory Clostridioides difficile infection and has been shown to have great efficacy. As such, significant research has been directed toward understanding the potential role of FMT in other conditions associated with gut microbiota dysbiosis such as obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, neuropsychiatric disorders, inflammatory bowel disease, irritable bowel syndrome, decompensated cirrhosis, cancers and graft-versus-host disease. This review examines current updates and efficacy of FMT in treating conditions other than Clostridioides difficile infection. Further, protocols for administration of FMT are also discussed including storage of fecal samples in stool banks, inclusion/exclusion criteria for donors, fecal sample preparation and methods of treatment administration. Overall, understanding the mechanisms by which FMT can manipulate gut microbiota to provide therapeutic benefit as well as identifying potential adverse effects is an important step in clarifying its long-term safety and efficacy in treating multiple conditions in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sevag Hamamah
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA, United States
| | - Roxana Gheorghita
- Department of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine and Biological Science, University of Suceava, Suceava, Romania,Department of Biochemistry, Victor Babeş University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Timişoara, Romania
| | - Andrei Lobiuc
- Department of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine and Biological Science, University of Suceava, Suceava, Romania
| | - Ioan-Ovidiu Sirbu
- Department of Biochemistry, Victor Babeş University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Timişoara, Romania,Center for Complex Network Science, Victor Babeş University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Timişoara, Romania
| | - Mihai Covasa
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA, United States,Department of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine and Biological Science, University of Suceava, Suceava, Romania,*Correspondence: Mihai Covasa,
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249
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Liu Y, Wang W, Zou Z, Sun B, Liang B, Zhang A. Association and risk of circulating inflammatory markers with hyperglycemia in coal-burning arsenicosis. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 247:114208. [PMID: 36279635 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.114208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several lines of evidence support a significant relationship between exposure to arsenic and diabetes. However, the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms remain incompletely elucidated. OBJECTIVE This study examined the association and risk of circulating inflammatory mediators with hyperglycemia in coal-induced arsenicosis. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted in the typical coal-burning area in which arsenicosis is endemic in Xingren County, Guizhou, China. A total of 299 arsenicosis subjects and 137 non-arsenic exposed volunteers were recruited for the present study. Participant's hyperglycemia-related parameters, including fasting blood glucose (FBG), fasting serum insulin (FINS), homeostasis model assessment for both insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and pancreatic β-cell function (HOMA-β), as well as circulating inflammatory biomarkers i.e., Interleukins-1β (IL-1β), IL- 2, IL - 6, IL-10, IL- 17, IL-18 and TNF-α), were determined and analyzed after completing questionnaire investigation and physical examination. RESULTS The results clearly showed that coal-burning arsenic exposure was significantly associated with hyperglycemia-related outcomes. Specifically, arsenicosis subjects from the coal-burning endemic area showed a higher level of FBG (median 5.87 mmol/L vs. 4.65 mmol/L) and increased prevalence of hyperglycemia (26.76% vs.16.79%) than reference subjects from the non-arsenic endemic area. Increased HOMA-IR (median 1.93 vs.1.44) and declined HOMA-β (median 96.23 vs. 84.91) were also noted in arsenicosis subjects. Moreover, arsenic exposure was significantly associated with the increased risk of hyperglycemia (adjusted OR = 2.32, 95% CI: 1.37,3.93). In addition, a positive association between arsenic exposure and inflammatory response was observed, and the alteration in circulating inflammatory markers were found to be significantly associated with hyperglycemia-related parameters. Meanwhile, there was a positive relationship between elevated circulating IL-1β, IL-18, IL-6, as well as decreased IL-10 and the increasing risk of arsenic-induced hyperglycemia [adjusted OR = 2.19 (95% CI: 1.26, 3.13);1.13 (95%CI: 1.08, 1.37); 1.19 (95% CI: 1.13, 1.56); 1.15(95% CI: 1.05, 1.36); respectively]. Path analysis further revealed that the mediating effect of IL-1β and IL-18 on the relationship between arsenic exposure and hyperglycemia was closely associated with pancreatic β-cell dysfunction, while those of IL-6 and IL-10 on the association between arsenic exposure and hyperglycemia were partially through insulin resistance. CONCLUSIONS This population-based study indicated that arsenic exposure has a clear disruptive effect on glucose homeostasis, and an elevated inflammatory response was implicated in the risk of arsenic-induced hyperglycemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonglian Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, People's Republic of China; School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjuan Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhonglan Zou
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Baofei Sun
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing Liang
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Aihua Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, People's Republic of China.
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Inflammaging and body composition: New insights in diabetic and hypertensive elderly men. Exp Gerontol 2022; 170:112005. [PMID: 36341786 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2022.112005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Age-related changes in the body's physiological responses play a critical role in systemic arterial hypertension (SAH) and type 2 Diabetes mellitus (T2DM). SAH and T2DM have clinically silent low-grade inflammation as a common risk factor. This inflammation has a relevant element, the excess of fatty tissue. In this scenario, little is known about how inflammatory markers interact with each other. Therefore, this work evaluated the interplay among anthropometric, biochemical, and inflammatory markers in the elderly with SAH and T2DM. Men aged 60-80 years old with SAH and T2DM were classified by body mass index (BMI) as eutrophic elderly (EE, 24 individuals) or overweight elderly (OE, 25 individuals). Body composition analysis was performed using bioimpedance. Blood samples were collected to perform inflammatory and biochemical evaluations. The cytokines IL-17A, IL-1β, IFN-y, TNF-α, and IL-10, were evaluated by ELISA. Triglycerides, total and fractions of cholesterol, and glucose were measured by spectrophotometry. Overweight elderly men had a higher glycemic index and an increase in most anthropometric markers, as well as higher means for all pro-inflammatory cytokines analyzed (IL-17A, IL-1β, IFN-y, and TNF-α) in comparison to their eutrophic elderly counterparts. However, there was a decrease in IL-10 anti-inflammatory cytokine and IL-10/IL-17A ratio compared to their eutrophic elderly counterparts. Although overweight elderly men have worsening inflammatory parameters, the magnitude of their correlations with anthropometric and biochemical parameters becomes less evident. The Bayesian networks highlight that in the eutrophic elderly, IL-17A and TNF-α are the cytokines most associated with interactions, and most of these interactions occur with biochemical parameters. It is worth highlighting the role of IFN-y in overweight elderly men. This cytokine influences IL-10 and TNF-α production, contributing to the inflammatory profile exacerbated in this group.
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