201
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Li Q, Hagberg CE, Silva Cascales H, Lang S, Hyvönen MT, Salehzadeh F, Chen P, Alexandersson I, Terezaki E, Harms MJ, Kutschke M, Arifen N, Krämer N, Aouadi M, Knibbe C, Boucher J, Thorell A, Spalding KL. Obesity and hyperinsulinemia drive adipocytes to activate a cell cycle program and senesce. Nat Med 2021; 27:1941-1953. [PMID: 34608330 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-021-01501-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is considered an important factor for many chronic diseases, including diabetes, cardiovascular disease and cancer. The expansion of adipose tissue in obesity is due to an increase in both adipocyte progenitor differentiation and mature adipocyte cell size. Adipocytes, however, are thought to be unable to divide or enter the cell cycle. We demonstrate that mature human adipocytes unexpectedly display a gene and protein signature indicative of an active cell cycle program. Adipocyte cell cycle progression associates with obesity and hyperinsulinemia, with a concomitant increase in cell size, nuclear size and nuclear DNA content. Chronic hyperinsulinemia in vitro or in humans, however, is associated with subsequent cell cycle exit, leading to a premature senescent transcriptomic and secretory profile in adipocytes. Premature senescence is rapidly becoming recognized as an important mediator of stress-induced tissue dysfunction. By demonstrating that adipocytes can activate a cell cycle program, we define a mechanism whereby mature human adipocytes senesce. We further show that by targeting the adipocyte cell cycle program using metformin, it is possible to influence adipocyte senescence and obesity-associated adipose tissue inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Li
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Carolina E Hagberg
- Karolinska Institutet/AstraZeneca Integrated Cardio Metabolic Centre (KI/AZ ICMC), Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Cardiovascular Medicine Division, Department of Medicine, Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Helena Silva Cascales
- Karolinska Institutet/AstraZeneca Integrated Cardio Metabolic Centre (KI/AZ ICMC), Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Shuai Lang
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mervi T Hyvönen
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Firoozeh Salehzadeh
- Karolinska Institutet/AstraZeneca Integrated Cardio Metabolic Centre (KI/AZ ICMC), Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ping Chen
- Karolinska Institutet/AstraZeneca Integrated Cardio Metabolic Centre (KI/AZ ICMC), Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockolm, Sweden
| | - Ida Alexandersson
- Bioscience Metabolism, Research and Early Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism (CVRM), BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Eleni Terezaki
- Karolinska Institutet/AstraZeneca Integrated Cardio Metabolic Centre (KI/AZ ICMC), Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Matthew J Harms
- Bioscience Metabolism, Research and Early Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism (CVRM), BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Maria Kutschke
- Karolinska Institutet/AstraZeneca Integrated Cardio Metabolic Centre (KI/AZ ICMC), Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nahida Arifen
- Karolinska Institutet/AstraZeneca Integrated Cardio Metabolic Centre (KI/AZ ICMC), Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Niels Krämer
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Myriam Aouadi
- Karolinska Institutet/AstraZeneca Integrated Cardio Metabolic Centre (KI/AZ ICMC), Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockolm, Sweden
| | - Carole Knibbe
- CarMeN Laboratory, Lyon University, INRIA, INSA Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Jeremie Boucher
- Bioscience Metabolism, Research and Early Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism (CVRM), BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden.,The Lundberg Laboratory for Diabetes Research, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anders Thorell
- Department of Clinical Science, Danderyds Hospital, Karolinska Institutet and Department of Surgery, Ersta Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kirsty L Spalding
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. .,Karolinska Institutet/AstraZeneca Integrated Cardio Metabolic Centre (KI/AZ ICMC), Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
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202
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Narasimhan A, Flores RR, Robbins PD, Niedernhofer LJ. Role of Cellular Senescence in Type II Diabetes. Endocrinology 2021; 162:6345039. [PMID: 34363464 PMCID: PMC8386762 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqab136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Cellular senescence is a cell fate that occurs in response to numerous types of stress and can promote tissue repair or drive inflammation and disruption of tissue homeostasis depending on the context. Aging and obesity lead to an increase in the senescent cell burden in multiple organs. Senescent cells release a myriad of senescence-associated secretory phenotype factors that directly mediate pancreatic β-cell dysfunction, adipose tissue dysfunction, and insulin resistance in peripheral tissues, which promote the onset of type II diabetes mellitus. In addition, hyperglycemia and metabolic changes seen in diabetes promote cellular senescence. Diabetes-induced cellular senescence contributes to various diabetic complications. Thus, type II diabetes is both a cause and consequence of cellular senescence. This review summarizes recent studies on the link between aging, obesity, and diabetes, focusing on the role of cellular senescence in disease processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akilavalli Narasimhan
- Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism, Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, University of Minnesota Medical School, 55455, USA
| | - Rafael R Flores
- Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism, Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, University of Minnesota Medical School, 55455, USA
| | - Paul D Robbins
- Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism, Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, University of Minnesota Medical School, 55455, USA
| | - Laura J Niedernhofer
- Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism, Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, University of Minnesota Medical School, 55455, USA
- Correspondence: Laura J. Niedernhofer, MD, PhD, Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism, Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota Medical School, 6-155 Jackson Hall, 321 Church Street, SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
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203
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Alqahtani SA, Schattenberg JM. NAFLD in the Elderly. Clin Interv Aging 2021; 16:1633-1649. [PMID: 34548787 PMCID: PMC8448161 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s295524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is an increasingly prevalent disease globally. Current estimates are that 24% of the adult population, thus, one billion individuals worldwide, are affected. Interestingly, the prevalence of fatty liver seems to peak between 40─50 years of age in males and 60─69 years in females, often slightly decreasing in older (>70 years) cohorts. Furthermore, several risk factors for NAFLD development, such as hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and obesity are higher in older adults. The diagnosis and management strategies in older adults are sometimes challenging, and certain age-specific factors have to be taken into account by healthcare professionals. In this review, we provide an overview of considerations relevant to the management and diagnosis of NAFLD in older adults (age >65 years) and discuss the types of pharmacological interventions available for the management of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) in the aging population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saleh A Alqahtani
- Liver Transplantation Center, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jörn M Schattenberg
- Metabolic Liver Research Program, I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
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204
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Le Pelletier L, Mantecon M, Gorwood J, Auclair M, Foresti R, Motterlini R, Laforge M, Atlan M, Fève B, Capeau J, Lagathu C, Bereziat V. Metformin alleviates stress-induced cellular senescence of aging human adipose stromal cells and the ensuing adipocyte dysfunction. eLife 2021; 10:62635. [PMID: 34544550 PMCID: PMC8526089 DOI: 10.7554/elife.62635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is associated with central fat redistribution and insulin resistance. To identify age-related adipose features, we evaluated the senescence and adipogenic potential of adipose-derived stromal cells (ASCs) from abdominal subcutaneous fat obtained from healthy normal-weight young (<25 years) or older women (>60 years). Increased cell passages of young-donor ASCs (in vitro aging) resulted in senescence but not oxidative stress. ASC-derived adipocytes presented impaired adipogenesis but no early mitochondrial dysfunction. Conversely, aged-donor ASCs at early passages displayed oxidative stress and mild senescence. ASC-derived adipocytes exhibited oxidative stress, and early mitochondrial dysfunction but adipogenesis was preserved. In vitro aging of aged-donor ASCs resulted in further increased senescence, mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and severe adipocyte dysfunction. When in vitro aged young-donor ASCs were treated with metformin, no alteration was alleviated. Conversely, metformin treatment of aged-donor ASCs decreased oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction resulting in decreased senescence. Metformin's prevention of oxidative stress and of the resulting senescence improved the cells' adipogenic capacity and insulin sensitivity. This effect was mediated by the activation of AMP-activated protein kinase as revealed by its specific inhibition and activation. Overall, aging ASC-derived adipocytes presented impaired adipogenesis and insulin sensitivity. Targeting stress-induced senescence of ASCs with metformin may improve age-related adipose tissue dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Le Pelletier
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm UMR_S 938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), RHU CARMMA, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), Paris, France
| | - Matthieu Mantecon
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm UMR_S 938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), RHU CARMMA, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), Paris, France
| | - Jennifer Gorwood
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm UMR_S 938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), RHU CARMMA, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), Paris, France
| | - Martine Auclair
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm UMR_S 938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), RHU CARMMA, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), Paris, France
| | | | | | - Mireille Laforge
- CNRS, INSERM UMRS_1124, Faculté des sciences fondamentales et biomédicales, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Michael Atlan
- AP-HP, Tenon Hospital, Department of Plastic Surgery, Paris, France
| | - Bruno Fève
- AP-HP, Saint-Antoine Hospital, Department of Endocrinology, PRISIS, Paris, France
| | - Jacqueline Capeau
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm UMR_S 938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), RHU CARMMA, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), Paris, France
| | - Claire Lagathu
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm UMR_S 938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), RHU CARMMA, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), Paris, France
| | - Veronique Bereziat
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm UMR_S 938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), RHU CARMMA, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), Paris, France
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205
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Pandey A, Shah SJ, Butler J, Kellogg DL, Lewis GD, Forman DE, Mentz RJ, Borlaug BA, Simon MA, Chirinos JA, Fielding RA, Volpi E, Molina AJA, Haykowsky MJ, Sam F, Goodpaster BH, Bertoni AG, Justice JN, White JP, Ding J, Hummel SL, LeBrasseur NK, Taffet GE, Pipinos II, Kitzman D. Exercise Intolerance in Older Adults With Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction: JACC State-of-the-Art Review. J Am Coll Cardiol 2021; 78:1166-1187. [PMID: 34503685 PMCID: PMC8525886 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2021.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Exercise intolerance (EI) is the primary manifestation of chronic heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), the most common form of heart failure among older individuals. The recent recognition that HFpEF is likely a systemic, multiorgan disorder that shares characteristics with other common, difficult-to-treat, aging-related disorders suggests that novel insights may be gained from combining knowledge and concepts from aging and cardiovascular disease disciplines. This state-of-the-art review is based on the outcomes of a National Institute of Aging-sponsored working group meeting on aging and EI in HFpEF. We discuss aging-related and extracardiac contributors to EI in HFpEF and provide the rationale for a transdisciplinary, "gero-centric" approach to advance our understanding of EI in HFpEF and identify promising new therapeutic targets. We also provide a framework for prioritizing future research, including developing a uniform, comprehensive approach to phenotypic characterization of HFpEF, elucidating key geroscience targets for treatment, and conducting proof-of-concept trials to modify these targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ambarish Pandey
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA. https://twitter.com/ambarish4786
| | - Sanjiv J Shah
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Javed Butler
- University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USA
| | - Dean L Kellogg
- University of Texas Health Science Center and GRECC, South Texas Veterans Affairs Health System, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | | | - Daniel E Forman
- University of Pittsburgh and VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Robert J Mentz
- Duke Clinical Research Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | | | - Marc A Simon
- University of Pittsburgh and VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | | | - Elena Volpi
- University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | | | | | - Flora Sam
- Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Bret H Goodpaster
- Advent Health Translational Research Institute, Orlando, Florida, USA
| | - Alain G Bertoni
- Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Jamie N Justice
- Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | | | - Jingzhone Ding
- Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Scott L Hummel
- University of Michigan and the VA Ann Arbor Health System, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | | | | | | | - Dalane Kitzman
- Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA.
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206
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Nutrition and cellular senescence in obesity-related disorders. J Nutr Biochem 2021; 99:108861. [PMID: 34517097 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2021.108861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Adequate nutrition is vital for immune homeostasis. However, the incidence of obesity is increasing worldwide due to the adoption of the Western diet and a sedentary lifestyle. Obesity is associated with chronic inflammation which alters the function of adipose tissue, liver, pancreas, and the nervous system. Inflammation is related to cellular senescence, distinguished by irreversible cell cycle arrest. Senescent cells secrete the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) which contains pro-inflammatory factors. Targeting processes in senescence might have a salutary approach to obesity. The present review highlights the impact of an unhealthy diet on tissues affected by obesity, and the mechanisms that promote the consequent inflammation and senescence.
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207
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Age and Sex: Impact on adipose tissue metabolism and inflammation. Mech Ageing Dev 2021; 199:111563. [PMID: 34474078 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2021.111563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Age associated chronic inflammation is a major contributor to diseases with advancing age. Adipose tissue function is at the nexus of processes contributing to age-related metabolic disease and mediating longevity. Hormonal fluctuations in aging potentially regulate age-associated visceral adiposity and metabolic dysfunction. Visceral adiposity in aging is linked to aberrant adipogenesis, insulin resistance, lipotoxicity and altered adipokine secretion. Age-related inflammatory phenomena depict sex differences in macrophage polarization, changes in T and B cell numbers, and types of dendritic cells. Sex differences are also observed in adipose tissue remodeling and cellular senescence suggesting a role for sex steroid hormones in the regulation of the adipose tissue microenvironment. It is crucial to investigate sex differences in aging clinical outcomes to identify and better understand physiology in at-risk individuals. Early interventions aimed at targets involved in adipose tissue adipogenesis, remodeling and inflammation in aging could facilitate a profound impact on health span and overcome age-related functional decline.
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208
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Extracts from the Leaves of Cissus verticillata Ameliorate High-Fat Diet-Induced Memory Deficits in Mice. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10091814. [PMID: 34579347 PMCID: PMC8468243 DOI: 10.3390/plants10091814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the effects of Cissus verticillata leaf extract (CVE) on a high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity and memory deficits. Male mice (5 weeks of age) were fed vehicle (distilled water), or 30, 100, or 300 mg/kg of CVE once a day for 8 weeks with an HFD. Treatment with CVE resulted in lower body weight and glucose levels in a concentration- and feeding time-dependent manner. LDL cholesterol and triglyceride levels were significantly lower in the CVE-treated HFD group than in the vehicle-treated HFD group. In contrast, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels did not show any significant changes. Lipid droplets and ballooning were reduced depending on the concentration of CVE treatment compared to the HFD group. Treatment with CVE ameliorated the increase in glucagon and immunoreactivities in the pancreas, and novel object recognition memory was improved by 300 mg/kg CVE treatment compared to the HFD group. More proliferating cells and differentiated neuroblasts were higher in mice treated with CVE than in vehicle-treated HFD-fed mice. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels were significantly decreased in the HFD group, which was facilitated by treatment with 300 mg/kg CVE in hippocampal homogenates. These results suggest that CVE ameliorates HFD-induced obesity and memory deficits in mice, associated with increased BDNF levels in the hippocampus.
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209
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Treatment with the BCL-2/BCL-xL inhibitor senolytic drug ABT263/Navitoclax improves functional hyperemia in aged mice. GeroScience 2021; 43:2427-2440. [PMID: 34427858 PMCID: PMC8599595 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-021-00440-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Moment-to-moment adjustment of regional cerebral blood flow to neuronal activity via neurovascular coupling (NVC or "functional hyperemia") has a critical role in maintenance of healthy cognitive function. Aging-induced impairment of NVC responses importantly contributes to age-related cognitive decline. Advanced aging is associated with increased prevalence of senescent cells in the cerebral microcirculation, but their role in impaired NVC responses remains unexplored. The present study was designed to test the hypothesis that a validated senolytic treatment can improve NVC responses and cognitive performance in aged mice. To achieve this goal, aged (24-month-old) C57BL/6 mice were treated with ABT263/Navitoclax, a potent senolytic agent known to eliminate senescent cells in the aged mouse brain. Mice were behaviorally evaluated (radial arms water maze) and NVC was assessed by measuring CBF responses (laser speckle contrast imaging) in the somatosensory whisker barrel cortex evoked by contralateral whisker stimulation. We found that NVC responses were significantly impaired in aged mice. ABT263/Navitoclax treatment improved NVC response, which was associated with significantly improved hippocampal-encoded functions of learning and memory. ABT263/Navitoclax treatment did not significantly affect endothelium-dependent acetylcholine-induced relaxation of aorta rings. Thus, increased presence of senescent cells in the aged brain likely contributes to age-related neurovascular uncoupling, exacerbating cognitive decline. The neurovascular protective effects of ABT263/Navitoclax treatment highlight the preventive and therapeutic potential of senolytic treatments (as monotherapy or as part of combination treatment regimens) as effective interventions in patients at risk for vascular cognitive impairment (VCI).
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210
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Budamagunta V, Foster TC, Zhou D. Cellular senescence in lymphoid organs and immunosenescence. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:19920-19941. [PMID: 34382946 PMCID: PMC8386533 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Immunosenescence is a multi-faceted phenomenon at the root of age-associated immune dysfunction. It can lead to an array of pathological conditions, including but not limited to a decreased capability to surveil and clear senescent cells (SnCs) and cancerous cells, an increased autoimmune responses leading to tissue damage, a reduced ability to tackle pathogens, and a decreased competence to illicit a robust response to vaccination. Cellular senescence is a phenomenon by which oncogene-activated, stressed or damaged cells undergo a stable cell cycle arrest. Failure to efficiently clear SnCs results in their accumulation in an organism as it ages. SnCs actively secrete a myriad of molecules, collectively called senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), which are factors that cause dysfunction in the neighboring tissue. Though both cellular senescence and immunosenescence have been studied extensively and implicated in various pathologies, their relationship has not been greatly explored. In the wake of an ongoing pandemic (COVID-19) that disproportionately affects the elderly, immunosenescence as a function of age has become a topic of great importance. The goal of this review is to explore the role of cellular senescence in age-associated lymphoid organ dysfunction and immunosenescence, and provide a framework to explore therapies to rejuvenate the aged immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivekananda Budamagunta
- Genetics and Genomics Graduate Program, Genetics Institute, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.,Department of Neuroscience, McKnight Brain Institute, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.,Department of Pharmacodynamics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Thomas C Foster
- Genetics and Genomics Graduate Program, Genetics Institute, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.,Department of Neuroscience, McKnight Brain Institute, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Daohong Zhou
- Genetics and Genomics Graduate Program, Genetics Institute, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.,Department of Pharmacodynamics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
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211
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Gautheron J, Morisseau C, Chung WK, Zammouri J, Auclair M, Baujat G, Capel E, Moulin C, Wang Y, Yang J, Hammock BD, Cerame B, Phan F, Fève B, Vigouroux C, Andreelli F, Jeru I. EPHX1 mutations cause a lipoatrophic diabetes syndrome due to impaired epoxide hydrolysis and increased cellular senescence. eLife 2021; 10:68445. [PMID: 34342583 PMCID: PMC8331186 DOI: 10.7554/elife.68445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Epoxide hydrolases (EHs) regulate cellular homeostasis through hydrolysis of epoxides to less-reactive diols. The first discovered EH was EPHX1, also known as mEH. EH functions remain partly unknown, and no pathogenic variants have been reported in humans. We identified two de novo variants located in EPHX1 catalytic site in patients with a lipoatrophic diabetes characterized by loss of adipose tissue, insulin resistance, and multiple organ dysfunction. Functional analyses revealed that these variants led to the protein aggregation within the endoplasmic reticulum and to a loss of its hydrolysis activity. CRISPR-Cas9-mediated EPHX1 knockout (KO) abolished adipocyte differentiation and decreased insulin response. This KO also promoted oxidative stress and cellular senescence, an observation confirmed in patient-derived fibroblasts. Metreleptin therapy had a beneficial effect in one patient. This translational study highlights the importance of epoxide regulation for adipocyte function and provides new insights into the physiological roles of EHs in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremie Gautheron
- Sorbonne Université-Inserm UMRS_938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), Paris, France.,Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière - Saint-Antoine, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France
| | - Christophe Morisseau
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, United States
| | - Wendy K Chung
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, United States.,Deparment of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, United States
| | - Jamila Zammouri
- Sorbonne Université-Inserm UMRS_938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), Paris, France.,Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière - Saint-Antoine, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France
| | - Martine Auclair
- Sorbonne Université-Inserm UMRS_938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), Paris, France.,Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière - Saint-Antoine, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France
| | - Genevieve Baujat
- Service de Génétique Clinique, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Emilie Capel
- Sorbonne Université-Inserm UMRS_938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), Paris, France.,Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière - Saint-Antoine, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France
| | - Celia Moulin
- Sorbonne Université-Inserm UMRS_938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), Paris, France.,Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière - Saint-Antoine, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France
| | - Yuxin Wang
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, United States
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, United States
| | - Bruce D Hammock
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, United States
| | - Barbara Cerame
- Goryeb Children's Hospital, Atlantic Health Systems, Morristown Memorial Hospital, Morristown, United States
| | - Franck Phan
- Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière - Saint-Antoine, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France.,Service de Diabétologie-Métabolisme, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Université-Inserm UMRS_1269, Paris, France
| | - Bruno Fève
- Sorbonne Université-Inserm UMRS_938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), Paris, France.,Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière - Saint-Antoine, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France.,Centre National de Référence des Pathologies Rares de l'Insulino-Sécrétion et de l'Insulino-Sensibilité (PRISIS), Service de Diabétologie et Endocrinologie de la Reproduction, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Corinne Vigouroux
- Sorbonne Université-Inserm UMRS_938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), Paris, France.,Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière - Saint-Antoine, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France.,Centre National de Référence des Pathologies Rares de l'Insulino-Sécrétion et de l'Insulino-Sensibilité (PRISIS), Service de Diabétologie et Endocrinologie de la Reproduction, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, AP-HP, Paris, France.,Laboratoire commun de Biologie et Génétique Moléculaires, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Fabrizio Andreelli
- Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière - Saint-Antoine, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France.,Service de Diabétologie-Métabolisme, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Université-Inserm UMRS_1269, Paris, France
| | - Isabelle Jeru
- Sorbonne Université-Inserm UMRS_938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), Paris, France.,Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière - Saint-Antoine, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France.,Laboratoire commun de Biologie et Génétique Moléculaires, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, AP-HP, Paris, France
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Palmer AK, Tchkonia T, Kirkland JL. Senolytics: Potential for Alleviating Diabetes and Its Complications. Endocrinology 2021; 162:6168435. [PMID: 33705532 PMCID: PMC8234500 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqab058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Therapeutics that target cellular senescence, including novel "senolytic" compounds, hold significant promise for treating or preventing obesity-induced metabolic dysfunction, type 2 diabetes, and the multiple complications of diabetes and obesity. Senolytics selectively clear senescent cells, which accumulate with aging and obesity and represent a fundamental mechanism of aging that contributes to metabolic dysfunction and diabetes pathogenesis. In addition to improving metabolic function, targeting senescent cells holds promise as a preventive strategy to reduce the incidence and severity of diabetes complications. The intermittent administration schedule used for senolytic therapy may confer benefits in terms of improving adherence and limiting adverse effects. It is necessary to design effective clinical trials that will safely translate discoveries from preclinical models into human studies that may pave the way for a novel therapeutic class for treating obesity, diabetes, and their complications. In this review, we outline what is known regarding the role of cellular senescence in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes and its complications, present evidence from preclinical models that targeting cellular senescence is beneficial, review senolytic drugs, and outline the features of clinical trials investigating the role of targeting senescent cells for diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allyson K Palmer
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA
| | - Tamar Tchkonia
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA
| | - James L Kirkland
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA
- Correspondence: James L. Kirkland, MD, PhD, Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
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213
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Voisin S, Jacques M, Landen S, Harvey NR, Haupt LM, Griffiths LR, Gancheva S, Ouni M, Jähnert M, Ashton KJ, Coffey VG, Thompson JM, Doering TM, Gabory A, Junien C, Caiazzo R, Verkindt H, Raverdy V, Pattou F, Froguel P, Craig JM, Blocquiaux S, Thomis M, Sharples AP, Schürmann A, Roden M, Horvath S, Eynon N. Meta-analysis of genome-wide DNA methylation and integrative omics of age in human skeletal muscle. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2021; 12:1064-1078. [PMID: 34196129 PMCID: PMC8350206 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.12741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Knowledge of age-related DNA methylation changes in skeletal muscle is limited, yet this tissue is severely affected by ageing in humans. METHODS We conducted a large-scale epigenome-wide association study meta-analysis of age in human skeletal muscle from 10 studies (total n = 908 muscle methylomes from men and women aged 18-89 years old). We explored the genomic context of age-related DNA methylation changes in chromatin states, CpG islands, and transcription factor binding sites and performed gene set enrichment analysis. We then integrated the DNA methylation data with known transcriptomic and proteomic age-related changes in skeletal muscle. Finally, we updated our recently developed muscle epigenetic clock (https://bioconductor.org/packages/release/bioc/html/MEAT.html). RESULTS We identified 6710 differentially methylated regions at a stringent false discovery rate <0.005, spanning 6367 unique genes, many of which related to skeletal muscle structure and development. We found a strong increase in DNA methylation at Polycomb target genes and bivalent chromatin domains and a concomitant decrease in DNA methylation at enhancers. Most differentially methylated genes were not altered at the mRNA or protein level, but they were nonetheless strongly enriched for genes showing age-related differential mRNA and protein expression. After adding a substantial number of samples from five datasets (+371), the updated version of the muscle clock (MEAT 2.0, total n = 1053 samples) performed similarly to the original version of the muscle clock (median of 4.4 vs. 4.6 years in age prediction error), suggesting that the original version of the muscle clock was very accurate. CONCLUSIONS We provide here the most comprehensive picture of DNA methylation ageing in human skeletal muscle and reveal widespread alterations of genes involved in skeletal muscle structure, development, and differentiation. We have made our results available as an open-access, user-friendly, web-based tool called MetaMeth (https://sarah-voisin.shinyapps.io/MetaMeth/).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Voisin
- Institute for Health and Sport (iHeS)Victoria University, FootscrayMelbourneVic.Australia
| | - Macsue Jacques
- Institute for Health and Sport (iHeS)Victoria University, FootscrayMelbourneVic.Australia
| | - Shanie Landen
- Institute for Health and Sport (iHeS)Victoria University, FootscrayMelbourneVic.Australia
| | - Nicholas R. Harvey
- Faculty of Health Sciences & MedicineBond UniversityGold CoastQldAustralia
- Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, Genomics Research Centre, School of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Health and Biomedical InnovationQueensland University of Technology (QUT)Kelvin GroveQldAustralia
| | - Larisa M. Haupt
- Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, Genomics Research Centre, School of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Health and Biomedical InnovationQueensland University of Technology (QUT)Kelvin GroveQldAustralia
| | - Lyn R. Griffiths
- Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, Genomics Research Centre, School of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Health and Biomedical InnovationQueensland University of Technology (QUT)Kelvin GroveQldAustralia
| | - Sofiya Gancheva
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD)München‐NeuherbergGermany
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical FacultyHeinrich Heine UniversityDüsseldorfGermany
| | - Meriem Ouni
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD)München‐NeuherbergGermany
- Department of Experimental DiabetologyGerman Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam‐Rehbruecke (DIfE)NuthetalGermany
| | - Markus Jähnert
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD)München‐NeuherbergGermany
- Department of Experimental DiabetologyGerman Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam‐Rehbruecke (DIfE)NuthetalGermany
| | - Kevin J. Ashton
- Faculty of Health Sciences & MedicineBond UniversityGold CoastQldAustralia
| | - Vernon G. Coffey
- Faculty of Health Sciences & MedicineBond UniversityGold CoastQldAustralia
| | | | - Thomas M. Doering
- School of Health, Medical and Applied SciencesCentral Queensland UniversityRockhamptonQldAustralia
| | - Anne Gabory
- Université Paris‐Saclay, UVSQ, INRAE, BREEDJouy‐en‐JosasFrance
- Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, BREEDMaisons‐AlfortFrance
| | - Claudine Junien
- Université Paris‐Saclay, UVSQ, INRAE, BREEDJouy‐en‐JosasFrance
- Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, BREEDMaisons‐AlfortFrance
| | - Robert Caiazzo
- Univ Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Pasteur Institute Lille, U1190 Translational Research for Diabetes, European Genomic Institute of DiabetesLilleFrance
| | - Hélène Verkindt
- Univ Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Pasteur Institute Lille, U1190 Translational Research for Diabetes, European Genomic Institute of DiabetesLilleFrance
| | - Violetta Raverdy
- Univ Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Pasteur Institute Lille, U1190 Translational Research for Diabetes, European Genomic Institute of DiabetesLilleFrance
| | - François Pattou
- Univ Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Pasteur Institute Lille, U1190 Translational Research for Diabetes, European Genomic Institute of DiabetesLilleFrance
| | - Philippe Froguel
- Univ Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Pasteur Institute Lille, U1190 Translational Research for Diabetes, European Genomic Institute of DiabetesLilleFrance
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and ReproductionImperial College LondonLondonUK
| | - Jeffrey M. Craig
- IMPACT InstituteDeakin University, Geelong Waurn Ponds CampusGeelongVic.Australia
- Epigenetics, Murdoch Children's Research InstituteRoyal Children's HospitalParkvilleVic.Australia
| | - Sara Blocquiaux
- Physical Activity, Sport & Health Research Group, Department of Movement SciencesKU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
| | - Martine Thomis
- Physical Activity, Sport & Health Research Group, Department of Movement SciencesKU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
| | - Adam P. Sharples
- Institute for Physical PerformanceNorwegian School of Sport SciencesOsloNorway
| | - Annette Schürmann
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD)München‐NeuherbergGermany
- Department of Experimental DiabetologyGerman Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam‐Rehbruecke (DIfE)NuthetalGermany
| | - Michael Roden
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD)München‐NeuherbergGermany
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical FacultyHeinrich Heine UniversityDüsseldorfGermany
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes ResearchHeinrich Heine UniversityDüsseldorfGermany
| | - Steve Horvath
- Department of Human Genetics and Biostatistics, David Geffen School of MedicineUniversity of California Los AngelesLos AngelesCAUSA
| | - Nir Eynon
- Institute for Health and Sport (iHeS)Victoria University, FootscrayMelbourneVic.Australia
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214
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Pini M, Czibik G, Sawaki D, Mezdari Z, Braud L, Delmont T, Mercedes R, Martel C, Buron N, Marcelin G, Borgne‐Sanchez A, Foresti R, Motterlini R, Henegar C, Derumeaux G. Adipose tissue senescence is mediated by increased ATP content after a short-term high-fat diet exposure. Aging Cell 2021; 20:e13421. [PMID: 34278707 PMCID: PMC8373332 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
In the context of obesity, senescent cells accumulate in white adipose tissue (WAT). The cellular underpinnings of WAT senescence leading to insulin resistance are not fully elucidated. The objective of the current study was to evaluate the presence of WAT senescence early after initiation of high‐fat diet (HFD, 1–10 weeks) in 5‐month‐old male C57BL/6J mice and the potential role of energy metabolism. We first showed that WAT senescence occurred 2 weeks after HFD as evidenced in whole WAT by increased senescence‐associated ß‐galactosidase activity and cyclin‐dependent kinase inhibitor 1A and 2A expression. WAT senescence affected various WAT cell populations, including preadipocytes, adipose tissue progenitors, and immune cells, together with adipocytes. WAT senescence was associated with higher glycolytic and mitochondrial activity leading to enhanced ATP content in HFD‐derived preadipocytes, as compared with chow diet‐derived preadipocytes. One‐month daily exercise, introduced 5 weeks after HFD, was an effective senostatic strategy, since it reversed WAT cellular senescence, while reducing glycolysis and production of ATP. Interestingly, the beneficial effect of exercise was independent of body weight and fat mass loss. We demonstrated that WAT cellular senescence is one of the earliest events occurring after HFD initiation and is intimately linked to the metabolic state of the cells. Our data uncover a critical role for HFD‐induced elevated ATP as a local danger signal inducing WAT senescence. Exercise exerts beneficial effects on adipose tissue bioenergetics in obesity, reversing cellular senescence, and metabolic abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Pini
- Department of Physiology Henri Mondor Hospital, FHU SENEC, INSERM U955 Université Paris‐Est Créteil (UPEC), AP‐HP Créteil France
- Faculty of Medicine IMRB, INSERM U955 Université Paris‐Est Créteil (UPEC) Créteil France
| | - Gabor Czibik
- Department of Physiology Henri Mondor Hospital, FHU SENEC, INSERM U955 Université Paris‐Est Créteil (UPEC), AP‐HP Créteil France
- Faculty of Medicine IMRB, INSERM U955 Université Paris‐Est Créteil (UPEC) Créteil France
| | - Daigo Sawaki
- Department of Physiology Henri Mondor Hospital, FHU SENEC, INSERM U955 Université Paris‐Est Créteil (UPEC), AP‐HP Créteil France
- Faculty of Medicine IMRB, INSERM U955 Université Paris‐Est Créteil (UPEC) Créteil France
| | - Zaineb Mezdari
- Department of Physiology Henri Mondor Hospital, FHU SENEC, INSERM U955 Université Paris‐Est Créteil (UPEC), AP‐HP Créteil France
- Faculty of Medicine IMRB, INSERM U955 Université Paris‐Est Créteil (UPEC) Créteil France
| | - Laura Braud
- Faculty of Medicine IMRB, INSERM U955 Université Paris‐Est Créteil (UPEC) Créteil France
| | - Thaïs Delmont
- Department of Physiology Henri Mondor Hospital, FHU SENEC, INSERM U955 Université Paris‐Est Créteil (UPEC), AP‐HP Créteil France
- AP‐HP Department of Cardiology Henri Mondor Hospital, FHU SENEC Créteil France
| | - Raquel Mercedes
- Faculty of Medicine IMRB, INSERM U955 Université Paris‐Est Créteil (UPEC) Créteil France
| | - Cécile Martel
- Mitologics S.A.S. Université Paris‐Est Créteil (UPEC) Créteil France
| | - Nelly Buron
- Mitologics S.A.S. Université Paris‐Est Créteil (UPEC) Créteil France
| | | | | | - Roberta Foresti
- Faculty of Medicine IMRB, INSERM U955 Université Paris‐Est Créteil (UPEC) Créteil France
| | - Roberto Motterlini
- Faculty of Medicine IMRB, INSERM U955 Université Paris‐Est Créteil (UPEC) Créteil France
| | - Corneliu Henegar
- Faculty of Medicine IMRB, INSERM U955 Université Paris‐Est Créteil (UPEC) Créteil France
| | - Geneviève Derumeaux
- Department of Physiology Henri Mondor Hospital, FHU SENEC, INSERM U955 Université Paris‐Est Créteil (UPEC), AP‐HP Créteil France
- Faculty of Medicine IMRB, INSERM U955 Université Paris‐Est Créteil (UPEC) Créteil France
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215
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De Ycaza AEE, Søndergaard E, Morgan-Bathke M, Leon BGC, Lytle KA, Ramos P, Kirkland JL, Tchkonia T, Jensen MD. Senescent cells in human adipose tissue: A cross-sectional study. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2021; 29:1320-1327. [PMID: 34114359 PMCID: PMC8859802 DOI: 10.1002/oby.23202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Adipose tissue (AT) senescence is associated with AT dysfunction in rodents, but little is known about human AT senescence. The study goal was to define the distribution of senescent cells in two subcutaneous depots and understand relationships with adiposity and inflammation. METHODS Sixty-three volunteers (48 females) underwent abdominal and femoral subcutaneous fat biopsies. Fat cell size, senescent cells using senescence-associated β-galactosidase staining per 100 nucleated cells (percentage), and mRNA expression of four cytokines were measured. RESULTS There was a larger proportion of senescent cells in femoral than abdominal subcutaneous AT (mean difference 1.6% [95% CI: 0.98%-2.3%], p < 0.001), and the percentage of femoral AT senescent cells was greater in women than men (median 3.9% vs. 2.1%, p < 0.01). There was a positive correlation between senescence and fat cell size in abdominal (rs = 0.44, p < 0.001) and femoral (rs = 0.35, p = 0.007) AT depots. Abdominal AT tumor necrosis factor alpha (rs = 0.49, p < 0.01) and interleukin-1β (rs = 0.44, p = 0.01) expression was positively correlated with abdominal, but not femoral, AT senescence. CONCLUSIONS In human subcutaneous AT, there are more senescent cells in femoral than abdominal depots; abdominal AT senescent cells are more associated with inflammatory signals than femoral AT senescent cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Elena Espinosa De Ycaza
- Endocrine Research Unit, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Panamá, Panama City, Republic of Panama
- Panamanian Institute of Biological Research, Panama City, Republic of Panama
| | - Esben Søndergaard
- Endocrine Research Unit, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark
- The Danish Diabetes Academy, Odense, Denmark
| | - Maria Morgan-Bathke
- Endocrine Research Unit, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Nutrition and Dietetics, Viterbo University, La Crosse, WI, USA
| | - Barbara Gisella Carranza Leon
- Endocrine Research Unit, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Kelli A. Lytle
- Endocrine Research Unit, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Paola Ramos
- Endocrine Research Unit, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - James L. Kirkland
- Robert & Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Tamar Tchkonia
- Robert & Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
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216
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Kirstein AS, Kehr S, Nebe M, Hanschkow M, Barth LAG, Lorenz J, Penke M, Breitfeld J, Le Duc D, Landgraf K, Körner A, Kovacs P, Stadler PF, Kiess W, Garten A. PTEN regulates adipose progenitor cell growth, differentiation, and replicative aging. J Biol Chem 2021; 297:100968. [PMID: 34273354 PMCID: PMC8350019 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.100968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumor suppressor phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) negatively regulates the insulin signaling pathway. Germline PTEN pathogenic variants cause PTEN hamartoma tumor syndrome (PHTS), associated with lipoma development in children. Adipose progenitor cells (APCs) lose their capacity to differentiate into adipocytes during continuous culture, whereas APCs from lipomas of patients with PHTS retain their adipogenic potential over a prolonged period. It remains unclear which mechanisms trigger this aberrant adipose tissue growth. To investigate the role of PTEN in adipose tissue development, we performed functional assays and RNA-Seq of control and PTEN knockdown APCs. Reduction of PTEN levels using siRNA or CRISPR led to enhanced proliferation and differentiation of APCs. Forkhead box protein O1 (FOXO1) transcriptional activity is known to be regulated by insulin signaling, and FOXO1 was downregulated at the mRNA level while its inactivation through phosphorylation increased. FOXO1 phosphorylation initiates the expression of the lipogenesis-activating transcription factor sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 (SREBP1). SREBP1 levels were higher after PTEN knockdown and may account for the observed enhanced adipogenesis. To validate this, we overexpressed constitutively active FOXO1 in PTEN CRISPR cells and found reduced adipogenesis, accompanied by SREBP1 downregulation. We observed that PTEN CRISPR cells showed less senescence compared with controls and the senescence marker CDKN1A (p21) was downregulated in PTEN knockdown cells. Cellular senescence was the most significantly enriched pathway found in RNA-Seq of PTEN knockdown versus control cells. These results provide evidence that PTEN is involved in the regulation of APC proliferation, differentiation, and senescence, thereby contributing to aberrant adipose tissue growth in patients with PHTS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna S Kirstein
- University Hospital for Children & Adolescents, Center for Pediatric Research, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Stephanie Kehr
- Bioinformatics Group, Department of Computer Science and Interdisciplinary Center for Bioinformatics, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Michèle Nebe
- University Hospital for Children & Adolescents, Center for Pediatric Research, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Martha Hanschkow
- University Hospital for Children & Adolescents, Center for Pediatric Research, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Lisa A G Barth
- University Hospital for Children & Adolescents, Center for Pediatric Research, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Judith Lorenz
- University Hospital for Children & Adolescents, Center for Pediatric Research, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Melanie Penke
- University Hospital for Children & Adolescents, Center for Pediatric Research, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jana Breitfeld
- Medical Department III-Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, Leipzig University Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Diana Le Duc
- Institute of Human Genetics, Leipzig University Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany; Department of Evolutionary Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Kathrin Landgraf
- University Hospital for Children & Adolescents, Center for Pediatric Research, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Antje Körner
- University Hospital for Children & Adolescents, Center for Pediatric Research, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Peter Kovacs
- Medical Department III-Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, Leipzig University Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Peter F Stadler
- Bioinformatics Group, Department of Computer Science and Interdisciplinary Center for Bioinformatics, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany; Max Planck Institute for Mathematics in the Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Wieland Kiess
- University Hospital for Children & Adolescents, Center for Pediatric Research, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Antje Garten
- University Hospital for Children & Adolescents, Center for Pediatric Research, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany; Institute for Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
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217
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Deptuła M, Brzezicka A, Skoniecka A, Zieliński J, Pikuła M. Adipose-derived stromal cells for nonhealing wounds: Emerging opportunities and challenges. Med Res Rev 2021; 41:2130-2171. [PMID: 33522005 PMCID: PMC8247932 DOI: 10.1002/med.21789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Wound healing complications affect thousands of people each year, thus constituting a profound economic and medical burden. Chronic wounds are a highly complex problem that usually affects elderly patients as well as patients with comorbidities such as diabetes, cancer (surgery, radiotherapy/chemotherapy) or autoimmune diseases. Currently available methods of their treatment are not fully effective, so new solutions are constantly being sought. Cell-based therapies seem to have great potential for use in stimulating wound healing. In recent years, much effort has been focused on characterizing of adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (AD-MSCs) and evaluating their clinical use in regenerative medicine and other medical fields. These cells are easily obtained in large amounts from adipose tissue and show a high proregenerative potential, mainly through paracrine activities. In this review, the process of healing acute and nonhealing (chronic) wounds is detailed, with a special attention paid to the wounds of patients with diabetes and cancer. In addition, the methods and technical aspects of AD-MSCs isolation, culture and transplantation in chronic wounds are described, and the characteristics, genetic stability and role of AD-MSCs in wound healing are also summarized. The biological properties of AD-MSCs isolated from subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue are compared. Additionally, methods to increase their therapeutic potential as well as factors that may affect their biological functions are summarized. Finally, their therapeutic potential in the treatment of diabetic and oncological wounds is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milena Deptuła
- Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Department of EmbryologyMedical University of GdanskGdańskPoland
| | | | - Aneta Skoniecka
- Department of Embryology, Faculty of MedicineMedical University of GdanskGdańskPoland
| | - Jacek Zieliński
- Department of Oncologic SurgeryMedical University of GdanskGdańskPoland
| | - Michał Pikuła
- Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Department of EmbryologyMedical University of GdanskGdańskPoland
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218
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de Leeuw AJM, Oude Luttikhuis MAM, Wellen AC, Müller C, Calkhoven CF. Obesity and its impact on COVID-19. J Mol Med (Berl) 2021; 99:899-915. [PMID: 33824998 PMCID: PMC8023779 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-021-02072-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic has proven a challenge to healthcare systems since its first appearance in late 2019. The global spread and devastating effects of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on patients have resulted in countless studies on risk factors and disease progression. Overweight and obesity emerged as one of the major risk factors for developing severe COVID-19. Here we review the biology of coronavirus infections in relation to obesity. In particular, we review literature about the impact of adiposity-related systemic inflammation on the COVID-19 disease severity, involving cytokine, chemokine, leptin, and growth hormone signaling, and we discuss the involvement of hyperactivation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS). Due to the sheer number of publications on COVID-19, we cannot be completed, and therefore, we apologize for all the publications that we do not cite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angélica J M de Leeuw
- University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), University of Groningen, 9700, AD, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Annemarijn C Wellen
- University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), University of Groningen, 9700, AD, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Christine Müller
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing (ERIBA), University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9700, AD, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Cornelis F Calkhoven
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing (ERIBA), University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9700, AD, Groningen, The Netherlands.
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219
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De Luca M, Mandala M, Rose G. Towards an understanding of the mechanoreciprocity process in adipocytes and its perturbation with aging. Mech Ageing Dev 2021; 197:111522. [PMID: 34147549 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2021.111522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Revised: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Adipose tissue (AT) is a complex organ, with multiple functions that are essential for maintaining metabolic health. A feature of AT is its capability to expand in response to physiological challenges, such as pregnancy and aging, and during chronic states of positive energy balance occurring throughout life. AT grows through adipogenesis and/or an increase in the size of existing adipocytes. One process that is required for healthy AT growth is the remodeling of the extracellular matrix (ECM), which is a necessary step to restore mechanical homeostasis and maintain tissue integrity and functionality. While the relationship between mechanobiology and adipogenesis is now well recognized, less is known about the role of adipocyte mechanosignaling pathways in AT growth. In this review article, we first summarize evidence linking ECM remodelling to AT expansion and how its perturbation is associated to a metabolically unhealthy phenotype. Subsequently, we highlight findings suggesting that molecules involved in the dynamic, bidirectional process (mechanoreciprocity) enabling adipocytes to sense changes in the mechanical properties of the ECM are interconnected to pathways regulating lipid metabolism. Finally, we discuss processes through which aging may influence the ability of adipocytes to appropriately respond to alterations in ECM composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria De Luca
- Department of Nutrition Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
| | - Maurizio Mandala
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Science, University of Calabria, Rende, 87036, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Rose
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Science, University of Calabria, Rende, 87036, Italy
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220
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Pandey M, Bansal S, Bar S, Yadav AK, Sokol NS, Tennessen JM, Kapahi P, Chawla G. miR-125-chinmo pathway regulates dietary restriction-dependent enhancement of lifespan in Drosophila. eLife 2021; 10:62621. [PMID: 34100717 PMCID: PMC8233039 DOI: 10.7554/elife.62621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Dietary restriction (DR) extends healthy lifespan in diverse species. Age and nutrient-related changes in the abundance of microRNAs (miRNAs) and their processing factors have been linked to organismal longevity. However, the mechanisms by which they modulate lifespan and the tissue-specific role of miRNA-mediated networks in DR-dependent enhancement of lifespan remains largely unexplored. We show that two neuronally enriched and highly conserved microRNAs, miR-125 and let-7 mediate the DR response in Drosophila melanogaster. Functional characterization of miR-125 demonstrates its role in neurons while its target chinmo acts both in neurons and the fat body to modulate fat metabolism and longevity. Proteomic analysis revealed that Chinmo exerts its DR effects by regulating the expression of FATP, CG2017, CG9577, CG17554, CG5009, CG8778, CG9527, and FASN1. Our findings identify miR-125 as a conserved effector of the DR pathway and open the avenue for this small RNA molecule and its downstream effectors to be considered as potential drug candidates for the treatment of late-onset diseases and biomarkers for healthy aging in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manish Pandey
- RNA Biology Laboratory, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, Faridabad, India
| | - Sakshi Bansal
- RNA Biology Laboratory, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, Faridabad, India
| | - Sudipta Bar
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, United States
| | - Amit Kumar Yadav
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, India
| | - Nicholas S Sokol
- Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, United States
| | - Jason M Tennessen
- Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, United States
| | - Pankaj Kapahi
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, United States
| | - Geetanjali Chawla
- RNA Biology Laboratory, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, Faridabad, India
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221
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Khalaf K, Hana D, Chou JTT, Singh C, Mackiewicz A, Kaczmarek M. Aspects of the Tumor Microenvironment Involved in Immune Resistance and Drug Resistance. Front Immunol 2021; 12:656364. [PMID: 34122412 PMCID: PMC8190405 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.656364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 183] [Impact Index Per Article: 61.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) is a complex and ever-changing "rogue organ" composed of its own blood supply, lymphatic and nervous systems, stroma, immune cells and extracellular matrix (ECM). These complex components, utilizing both benign and malignant cells, nurture the harsh, immunosuppressive and nutrient-deficient environment necessary for tumor cell growth, proliferation and phenotypic flexibility and variation. An important aspect of the TME is cellular crosstalk and cell-to-ECM communication. This interaction induces the release of soluble factors responsible for immune evasion and ECM remodeling, which further contribute to therapy resistance. Other aspects are the presence of exosomes contributed by both malignant and benign cells, circulating deregulated microRNAs and TME-specific metabolic patterns which further potentiate the progression and/or resistance to therapy. In addition to biochemical signaling, specific TME characteristics such as the hypoxic environment, metabolic derangements, and abnormal mechanical forces have been implicated in the development of treatment resistance. In this review, we will provide an overview of tumor microenvironmental composition, structure, and features that influence immune suppression and contribute to treatment resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalil Khalaf
- Department of Cancer Diagnostics and Immunology, Greater Poland Cancer Center, Poznań, Poland
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Doris Hana
- Department of Cancer Diagnostics and Immunology, Greater Poland Cancer Center, Poznań, Poland
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Jadzia Tin-Tsen Chou
- Department of Cancer Diagnostics and Immunology, Greater Poland Cancer Center, Poznań, Poland
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Chandpreet Singh
- Department of Cancer Diagnostics and Immunology, Greater Poland Cancer Center, Poznań, Poland
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Andrzej Mackiewicz
- Department of Cancer Diagnostics and Immunology, Greater Poland Cancer Center, Poznań, Poland
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Mariusz Kaczmarek
- Department of Cancer Diagnostics and Immunology, Greater Poland Cancer Center, Poznań, Poland
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
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222
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Parvizi M, Franchi F, Arendt BK, Ebtehaj S, Rodriguez-Porcel M, Lanza IR. Senolytic agents lessen the severity of abdominal aortic aneurysm in aged mice. Exp Gerontol 2021; 151:111416. [PMID: 34022272 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2021.111416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Age is a major risk factor for abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), for which treatment options are limited to surgical intervention for large AAA and watchful waiting for small aneurysms. However, the factors that regulate the expansion of aneurysms are unclear. Development of new therapeutic strategies to prevent or treat small aneurysms awaits a more thorough understanding of the etiology of AAA formation and progression with aging. A variety of structural and functional changes have been reported in aging vasculature, but emerging evidence implicates senescent cells in the formation of AAA through their paracrine effects on vascular wall cell populations. Here we show that aging is associated with transcriptional changes in abdominal aortic tissue consistent with loss of smooth muscle cells, leukocyte adhesion, inflammation, and accumulation of senescent cells in the vascular wall and surrounding perivascular adipose tissue. Furthermore, aged mice demonstrated anatomical and histopathological features of AAA development in response to administration of angiotensin II over 28 days. Importantly, in our study we sought to determine if reducing senescent cells could lessen the severity of AAA in aged mice. We find that pretreatment of aged mice with oral senolytic agents (dasatinib + quercetin) reduced senescent cell abundance in the arterial walls and surrounding tissues and lessened the severity of AAA in response to angiotensin II administration. These data provide important preliminary evidence supporting a role of senescent cells in age-related AAA formation and progression and suggest that strategies to reduce senescent cell burden hold promise to lessen AAA severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mojtaba Parvizi
- Endocrine Research Unit, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America
| | - Federico Franchi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America
| | - Bonnie K Arendt
- Endocrine Research Unit, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America
| | - Sanam Ebtehaj
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America
| | | | - Ian R Lanza
- Endocrine Research Unit, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America.
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223
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Kavali CM, Nguyen TQ, Zahr AS, Jiang LI, Kononov T. A Randomized, Double-Blind, Split-Body, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Tolerability of a Topical Body Firming Moisturizer for Upper Arm Rejuvenation. Aesthet Surg J 2021; 41:NP472-NP483. [PMID: 32462206 DOI: 10.1093/asj/sjaa134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aging of upper arm skin, induced by intrinsic and extrinsic factors, often results in a loss of contour, elasticity, and firmness, and an increase in laxity, crepiness, roughness, and photodamage. A topical body firming moisturizer (TBFM) was developed to target all aspects of skin aging. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of the TBFM for upper arm firming and rejuvenation. METHODS Forty female subjects, 40 to 60 years old, Fitzpatrick skin type II to V, with mild to moderate laxity, crepiness, and photodamage on the upper arms, were recruited into the study, 10 of whom were selected for biopsy analysis. Subjects were randomly allocated to apply the TBFM and placebo moisturizer on the assigned arms twice daily for 12 weeks. At each visit, efficacy and tolerability evaluation, self-assessment, and standardized clinical photography were performed. Ultrasound measurements were performed at baseline, week 8 and week 12. RESULTS Efficacy evaluation by a clinical grader and bioinstrumentation analysis showed the TBFM improved all skin parameters of the aged upper arm while outperforming the placebo moisturizer after 12 weeks. Clinical photography showed the test product toned and firmed the skin. The TBFM was well tolerated and well perceived by the subjects. Ultrasound images indicated an improvement in skin density and skin structure at week 12. CONCLUSIONS This clinical trial indicates that the TBFM was well tolerated and was effective in improving crepey, lax, and photodamaged skin of the upper arms after 12 weeks of treatment twice daily. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 2
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Lily I Jiang
- Thomas J. Stephens and Associates, Inc., Richardson, TX
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224
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Nguyen HP, Lin F, Yi D, Xie Y, Dinh J, Xue P, Sul HS. Aging-dependent regulatory cells emerge in subcutaneous fat to inhibit adipogenesis. Dev Cell 2021; 56:1437-1451.e3. [PMID: 33878347 PMCID: PMC8137669 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2021.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Adipose tissue mass and adiposity change throughout the lifespan. During aging, while visceral adipose tissue (VAT) tends to increase, peripheral subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) decreases significantly. Unlike VAT, which is linked to metabolic diseases, including type 2 diabetes, SAT has beneficial effects. However, the molecular details behind the aging-associated loss of SAT remain unclear. Here, by comparing scRNA-seq of total stromal vascular cells of SAT from young and aging mice, we identify an aging-dependent regulatory cell (ARC) population that emerges only in SAT of aged mice and humans. ARCs express adipose progenitor markers but lack adipogenic capacity; they secrete high levels of pro-inflammatory chemokines, including Ccl6, to inhibit proliferation and differentiation of neighboring adipose precursors. We also found Pu.1 to be a driving factor for ARC development. We identify an ARC population and its capacity to inhibit differentiation of neighboring adipose precursors, correlating with aging-associated loss of SAT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai P Nguyen
- Department of Nutritional Sciences & Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Frances Lin
- Department of Nutritional Sciences & Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Danielle Yi
- Department of Nutritional Sciences & Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Endocrinology Program, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Ying Xie
- Department of Nutritional Sciences & Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Jennie Dinh
- Department of Nutritional Sciences & Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Pengya Xue
- Department of Nutritional Sciences & Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Hei Sook Sul
- Department of Nutritional Sciences & Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Endocrinology Program, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
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225
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Rackova L, Mach M, Brnoliakova Z. An update in toxicology of ageing. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2021; 84:103611. [PMID: 33581363 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2021.103611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The field of ageing research has been rapidly advancing in recent decades and it had provided insight into the complexity of ageing phenomenon. However, as the organism-environment interaction appears to significantly affect the organismal pace of ageing, the systematic approach for gerontogenic risk assessment of environmental factors has yet to be established. This puts demand on development of effective biomarker of ageing, as a relevant tool to quantify effects of gerontogenic exposures, contingent on multidisciplinary research approach. Here we review the current knowledge regarding the main endogenous gerontogenic pathways involved in acceleration of ageing through environmental exposures. These include inflammatory and oxidative stress-triggered processes, dysregulation of maintenance of cellular anabolism and catabolism and loss of protein homeostasis. The most effective biomarkers showing specificity and relevancy to ageing phenotypes are summarized, as well. The crucial part of this review was dedicated to the comprehensive overview of environmental gerontogens including various types of radiation, certain types of pesticides, heavy metals, drugs and addictive substances, unhealthy dietary patterns, and sedentary life as well as psychosocial stress. The reported effects in vitro and in vivo of both recognized and potential gerontogens are described with respect to the up-to-date knowledge in geroscience. Finally, hormetic and ageing decelerating effects of environmental factors are briefly discussed, as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Rackova
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Centre of Experimental Medicine, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - Mojmir Mach
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Centre of Experimental Medicine, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Zuzana Brnoliakova
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Centre of Experimental Medicine, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia
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226
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Abstract
In this issue of Developmental Cell, Nguyen et al. use scRNA-seq to explore the changing cellular landscape of subcutaneous adipose tissue during aging. In the process, they discover a new population of cells called age-dependent regulatory cells (ARC), which contributes to age-related adipose tissue dysfunction that drives metabolic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean D Kodani
- Section on Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yu-Hua Tseng
- Section on Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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227
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The Aging of Adipocytes Increases Expression of Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines Chronologically. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11050292. [PMID: 34062781 PMCID: PMC8147339 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11050292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue is a significant producer of pro-inflammatory cytokines in obese and old individuals. However, there is no direct evidence of whether and how aged adipocytes enhance the production of pro-inflammatory markers. We aimed to investigate whether the aging adipocytes increase pro-inflammatory markers. Swiss mouse embryonic-tissue-derived 3T3-L1 cells were differentiated into adipocytes and maintained for 60 days in the conditioned medium or 35 days in the unconditioned medium. Additionally, 20-month-old male C57BL/6 mice were fed a standard chow diet for 37 weeks until they were extremely aged, when ~75% of mice died because of aging. Accumulated lipids, pro-inflammatory markers, and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) pathway markers from differentiated adipocytes were analyzed. Pro-inflammatory markers and NF-κB pathway markers of epididymal white adipose tissues (EWATs) and adipocytes from EWATs were also analyzed. We found that the aging adipocytes chronologically accumulated lipids and increased pro-inflammatory markers interleukin-6 (IL-6), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α); at the same time, NF-κB p50 markers were also increased while IκBα protein was decreased significantly in conditioned medium. Similar results were observed when differentiated adipocytes were maintained in the unconditioned medium and the adipocytes from EWATs of aged mice. We demonstrated that aging augmented chronic inflammation through the NF-κB signaling pathway in adipocytes and adipose tissue.
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228
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Cellular senescence and its role in white adipose tissue. Int J Obes (Lond) 2021; 45:934-943. [PMID: 33510393 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-021-00757-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Cell senescence is defined as a state of irreversible cell cycle arrest combined with DNA damage and the induction of a senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). This includes increased secretion of many inflammatory agents, proteases, miRNA's, and others. Cell senescence has been widely studied in oncogenesis and has generally been considered to be protective, due to cell cycle arrest and the inhibition of proliferation. Cell senescence is also associated with ageing and extensive experimental data support its role in generating the ageing-associated phenotype. Senescent cells can also influence proximal "healthy" cells through SASPs and, e.g., inhibit normal development of progenitor/stem cells, thereby preventing tissue replacement of dying cells and reducing organ functions. Recent evidence demonstrates that SASPs may also play important roles in several chronic diseases including diabetes and cardiovascular disease. White adipose tissue (WAT) cells are highly susceptible to becoming senescent both with ageing but also with obesity and type 2 diabetes, independently of chronological age. WAT senescence is associated with inappropriate expansion (hypertrophy) of adipocytes, insulin resistance, and dyslipidemia. Major efforts have been made to identify approaches to delete senescent cells including the use of "senolytic" compounds. The most established senolytic treatment to date is the combination of dasatinib, an antagonist of the SRC family of kinases, and the antioxidant quercetin. This combination reduces cell senescence and improves chronic disorders in experimental animal models. Although only small and short-term studies have been performed in man, no severe adverse effects have been reported. Hopefully, these or other senolytic agents may provide novel ways to prevent and treat different chronic diseases in man. Here we review the current knowledge on cellular senescence in both murine and human studies. We also discuss the pathophysiological role of this process and the potential therapeutic relevance of targeting senescence selectively in WAT.
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229
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Cortese R, Khalyfa A, Bao R, Gozal D. Gestational sleep apnea perturbations induce metabolic disorders by divergent epigenomic regulation. Epigenomics 2021; 13:751-765. [PMID: 33929266 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2020-0435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Late-gestational sleep fragmentation (LG-SF) and intermittent hypoxia (LG-IH), two hallmarks of obstructive sleep apnea, lead to metabolic dysfunction in the offspring. We investigated specific biological processes that are epigenetically regulated by LG-SF and LG-IH. Materials & methods: We analyzed DNA methylation profiles in offspring visceral white adipose tissues by MeDIP-chip followed by pathway analysis. Results: We detected 1187 differentially methylated loci (p < 0.01) between LG-SF and LG-IH. Epigenetically regulated genes in LG-SF offspring were associated with lipid and glucose metabolism, whereas those in LG-IH were related to inflammatory signaling and cell proliferation. Conclusion: While LG-SF and LG-IH will result in equivalent phenotypic alterations in offspring, each paradigm appears to operate through epigenetic regulation of different biological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rene Cortese
- Department of Child Health, Child Health Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
| | - Abdelnaby Khalyfa
- Department of Child Health, Child Health Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
| | - Riyue Bao
- Hillman Cancer Center, UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - David Gozal
- Department of Child Health, Child Health Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
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230
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Obesity and aging: Molecular mechanisms and therapeutic approaches. Ageing Res Rev 2021; 67:101268. [PMID: 33556548 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2021.101268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The epidemic of obesity is a major challenge for health policymakers due to its far-reaching effects on population health and potentially overwhelming financial burden on healthcare systems. Obesity is associated with an increased risk of developing acute and chronic diseases, including hypertension, stroke, myocardial infarction, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and cancer. Interestingly, the metabolic dysregulation associated with obesity is similar to that observed in normal aging, and substantial evidence suggests the potential of obesity to accelerate aging. Therefore, understanding the mechanism of fat tissue dysfunction in obesity could provide insights into the processes that contribute to the metabolic dysfunction associated with the aging process. Here, we review the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying both obesity and aging, and how obesity and aging can predispose individuals to chronic health complications. The potential of lifestyle and pharmacological interventions to counter obesity and obesity-related pathologies, as well as aging, is also addressed.
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231
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Banerjee A, Mukherjee S, Maji BK. Worldwide flavor enhancer monosodium glutamate combined with high lipid diet provokes metabolic alterations and systemic anomalies: An overview. Toxicol Rep 2021; 8:938-961. [PMID: 34026558 PMCID: PMC8120859 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2021.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Flavor enhancing high lipid diet acts as silent killer. Monosodium glutamate mixed with high lipid diet alters redox-status. Monosodium glutamate mixed with high lipid diet induces systemic anomalies.
In this fast-food era, people depend on ready-made foods and engage in minimal physical activities that ultimately change their food habits. Majorities of such foods have harmful effects on human health due to higher percentages of saturated fatty acids, trans-fatty acids, and hydrogenated fats in the form of high lipid diet (HLD). Moreover, food manufacturers add monosodium glutamate (MSG) to enhance the taste and palatability of the HLD. Both MSG and HLD induce the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and thereby alter the redox-homeostasis to cause systemic damage. However, MSG mixed HLD (MH) consumption leads to dyslipidemia, silently develops non-alcoholic fatty liver disease followed by metabolic alterations and systemic anomalies, even malignancies, via modulating different signaling pathways. This comprehensive review formulates health care strategies to create global awareness about the harmful impact of MH on the human body and recommends the daily consumption of more natural foods rich in antioxidants instead of toxic ingredients to counterbalance the MH-induced systemic anomalies.
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232
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Li N, Zhao S, Zhang Z, Zhu Y, Gliniak CM, Vishvanath L, An YA, Wang MY, Deng Y, Zhu Q, Shan B, Sherwood A, Onodera T, Oz OK, Gordillo R, Gupta RK, Liu M, Horvath TL, Dixit VD, Scherer PE. Adiponectin preserves metabolic fitness during aging. eLife 2021; 10:65108. [PMID: 33904399 PMCID: PMC8099426 DOI: 10.7554/elife.65108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Adiponectin is essential for the regulation of tissue substrate utilization and systemic insulin sensitivity. Clinical studies have suggested a positive association of circulating adiponectin with healthspan and lifespan. However, the direct effects of adiponectin on promoting healthspan and lifespan remain unexplored. Here, we are using an adiponectin null mouse and a transgenic adiponectin overexpression model. We directly assessed the effects of circulating adiponectin on the aging process and found that adiponectin null mice display exacerbated age-related glucose and lipid metabolism disorders. Moreover, adiponectin null mice have a significantly shortened lifespan on both chow and high-fat diet. In contrast, a transgenic mouse model with elevated circulating adiponectin levels has a dramatically improved systemic insulin sensitivity, reduced age-related tissue inflammation and fibrosis, and a prolonged healthspan and median lifespan. These results support a role of adiponectin as an essential regulator for healthspan and lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Li
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States.,Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Shangang Zhao
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Zhuzhen Zhang
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Yi Zhu
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Christy M Gliniak
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Lavanya Vishvanath
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Yu A An
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - May-Yun Wang
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Yingfeng Deng
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Qingzhang Zhu
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Bo Shan
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Amber Sherwood
- Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Toshiharu Onodera
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Orhan K Oz
- Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Ruth Gordillo
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Rana K Gupta
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Ming Liu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Tamas L Horvath
- Department of Comparative Medicine and Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, United States
| | - Vishwa Deep Dixit
- Department of Comparative Medicine and Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, United States.,Yale Center for Research on Aging, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, United States
| | - Philipp E Scherer
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States.,Department of Cell Biology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
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233
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Abstract
Modern concepts about body composition in the elderly are described in the review. Particular attention is paid to possible causes and pathogenetic aspects of sarcopenia, as well as modern diagnostic approaches to its recognition. The ageing process is inevitably combined with diverse changes in body composition. This age-related evolution can be described by three main processes: a decrease in the growth and mineral density of bone tissue (osteopenia and osteoporosis); progressive decrease in muscle mass; an increase in adipose tissue (sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity) with its redistribution towards central and visceral fat accumulation. Sarcopenia and osteoporosis are considered the main geriatric syndromes. These pathological conditions contribute to a significant decrease in the quality of life in the elderly; create conditions for the loss of independence and require long-term care, increase the frequency of hospitalizations and ultimately result in adverse outcomes.
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234
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Chung KW. Advances in Understanding of the Role of Lipid Metabolism in Aging. Cells 2021; 10:cells10040880. [PMID: 33924316 PMCID: PMC8068994 DOI: 10.3390/cells10040880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
During aging, body adiposity increases with changes in the metabolism of lipids and their metabolite levels. Considering lipid metabolism, excess adiposity with increased lipotoxicity leads to various age-related diseases, including cardiovascular disease, cancer, arthritis, type 2 diabetes, and Alzheimer's disease. However, the multifaceted nature and complexities of lipid metabolism make it difficult to delineate its exact mechanism and role during aging. With advances in genetic engineering techniques, recent studies have demonstrated that changes in lipid metabolism are associated with aging and age-related diseases. Lipid accumulation and impaired fatty acid utilization in organs are associated with pathophysiological phenotypes of aging. Changes in adipokine levels contribute to aging by modulating changes in systemic metabolism and inflammation. Advances in lipidomic techniques have identified changes in lipid profiles that are associated with aging. Although it remains unclear how lipid metabolism is regulated during aging, or how lipid metabolites impact aging, evidence suggests a dynamic role for lipid metabolism and its metabolites as active participants of signaling pathways and regulators of gene expression. This review describes recent advances in our understanding of lipid metabolism in aging, including established findings and recent approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ki Wung Chung
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46214, Korea
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235
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Dommerholt MB, Blankestijn M, Vieira‐Lara MA, van Dijk TH, Wolters H, Koster MH, Gerding A, van Os RP, Bloks VW, Bakker BM, Kruit JK, Jonker JW. Short-term protein restriction at advanced age stimulates FGF21 signalling, energy expenditure and browning of white adipose tissue. FEBS J 2021; 288:2257-2277. [PMID: 33089625 PMCID: PMC8048886 DOI: 10.1111/febs.15604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Dietary protein restriction has been demonstrated to improve metabolic health under various conditions. However, the relevance of ageing and age-related decline in metabolic flexibility on the effects of dietary protein restriction has not been addressed. Therefore, we investigated the effect of short-term dietary protein restriction on metabolic health in young and aged mice. Young adult (3 months old) and aged (18 months old) C57Bl/6J mice were subjected to a 3-month dietary protein restriction. Outcome parameters included fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) levels, muscle strength, glucose tolerance, energy expenditure (EE) and transcriptomics of brown and white adipose tissue (WAT). Here, we report that a low-protein diet had beneficial effects in aged mice by reducing some aspects of age-related metabolic decline. These effects were characterized by increased plasma levels of FGF21, browning of subcutaneous WAT, increased body temperature and EE, while no changes were observed in glucose homeostasis and insulin sensitivity. Moreover, the low-protein diet used in this study was well-tolerated in aged mice indicated by the absence of adverse effects on body weight, locomotor activity and muscle performance. In conclusion, our study demonstrates that a short-term reduction in dietary protein intake can impact age-related metabolic health alongside increased FGF21 signalling, without negatively affecting muscle function. These findings highlight the potential of protein restriction as a strategy to induce EE and browning of WAT in aged individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marleen B. Dommerholt
- Sections of Molecular Metabolism and NutritionDepartment of PediatricsUniversity Medical Center GroningenUniversity of GroningenGroningenthe Netherlands
| | - Maaike Blankestijn
- Sections of Molecular Metabolism and NutritionDepartment of PediatricsUniversity Medical Center GroningenUniversity of GroningenGroningenthe Netherlands
| | - Marcel A. Vieira‐Lara
- Sections of Systems Medicine of Metabolism and SignalingDepartment of PediatricsUniversity Medical Center GroningenUniversity of GroningenGroningenthe Netherlands
| | - Theo H. van Dijk
- Department of Laboratory MedicineUniversity Medical Center GroningenUniversity of Groningenthe Netherlands
| | - Henk Wolters
- Sections of Molecular Metabolism and NutritionDepartment of PediatricsUniversity Medical Center GroningenUniversity of GroningenGroningenthe Netherlands
| | - Mirjam H. Koster
- Sections of Molecular Metabolism and NutritionDepartment of PediatricsUniversity Medical Center GroningenUniversity of GroningenGroningenthe Netherlands
| | - Albert Gerding
- Sections of Systems Medicine of Metabolism and SignalingDepartment of PediatricsUniversity Medical Center GroningenUniversity of GroningenGroningenthe Netherlands
- Department of Laboratory MedicineUniversity Medical Center GroningenUniversity of Groningenthe Netherlands
| | - Ronald P. van Os
- Mouse Clinic for Cancer and AgingCentral Animal FacilityUniversity Medical Center GroningenUniversity of GroningenGroningenthe Netherlands
| | - Vincent W. Bloks
- Sections of Molecular Metabolism and NutritionDepartment of PediatricsUniversity Medical Center GroningenUniversity of GroningenGroningenthe Netherlands
| | - Barbara M. Bakker
- Sections of Systems Medicine of Metabolism and SignalingDepartment of PediatricsUniversity Medical Center GroningenUniversity of GroningenGroningenthe Netherlands
| | - Janine K. Kruit
- Sections of Molecular Metabolism and NutritionDepartment of PediatricsUniversity Medical Center GroningenUniversity of GroningenGroningenthe Netherlands
| | - Johan W. Jonker
- Sections of Molecular Metabolism and NutritionDepartment of PediatricsUniversity Medical Center GroningenUniversity of GroningenGroningenthe Netherlands
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236
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Jain S, Abrham E, Khan MN, Mathur R. An Account of Immune Senescence in the Clinical Pathophysiology of COVID-19 Infection in Aging. Aging Dis 2021; 12:662-670. [PMID: 33815889 PMCID: PMC7990370 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2020.1019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Worldwide COVID-19 infection poses an enormous risk to public health and an alarming global socioeconomic burden. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on individuals with underlying health conditions as well as on the elderly population is extensive and effective strategies are needed to understand the mechanism behind it. Cellular senescence defines as an irreversible cell cycle arrest due to DNA damage leading to accumulation of senescent cells in the elderly population and may result in worsening of COVID-19 mediated increased mortality. However, whether this variation in senescence levels, in different aged populations, translation to COVID-19 infection is unknown. The spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 has been recently identified to be responsible for inducing pathogenic signals, although a clear understanding of how the host receptor interacts with SARS-CoV-2 protein and mediates the immune responses is not clear. In this review, we address the epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 and the cellular senescence responding immune response to pathogenic SARS-CoV-2. We provide a prospective summary of what to expect and how to brace the possible immunological strategy to protect against COVID-19 infection. The review majorly explores an underline mechanism of how senescent cells trigger a hyperimmune inflammatory response and cause high mortality in aging people could serve as a potential aid to alleviate the treatment for elderly battling COVID-19 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilpi Jain
- 1Department of Geriatrics, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota 58202, USA
| | - Eden Abrham
- 1Department of Geriatrics, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota 58202, USA
| | - M Nadeem Khan
- 2Department of Biomedical Science, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota 58202, USA
| | - Ramkumar Mathur
- 1Department of Geriatrics, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota 58202, USA
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237
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Koh AS, Kovalik JP. Metabolomics and cardiovascular imaging: a combined approach for cardiovascular ageing. ESC Heart Fail 2021; 8:1738-1750. [PMID: 33783981 PMCID: PMC8120371 DOI: 10.1002/ehf2.13274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this review is to explore how metabolomics can help uncover new biomarkers and mechanisms for cardiovascular ageing. Cardiovascular ageing refers to cardiovascular structural and functional alterations that occur with chronological ageing and that can lead to the development of cardiovascular disease. These alterations, which were previously only detectable on tissue histology or corroborated on blood samples, are now detectable with modern imaging techniques. Despite the emergence of powerful new imaging tools, clinical investigation into cardiovascular ageing is challenging because ageing is a life course phenomenon involving known and unknown risk factors that play out in a dynamic fashion. Metabolomic profiling measures large numbers of metabolites with diverse chemical properties. Metabolomics has the potential to capture changes in biochemistry brought about by pathophysiologic processes as well as by normal ageing. When combined with non-invasive cardiovascular imaging tools, metabolomics can be used to understand pathological consequences of cardiovascular ageing. This review will summarize previous metabolomics and imaging studies in cardiovascular ageing. These methods may be a clinically relevant and novel approach to identify mechanisms of cardiovascular ageing and formulate or personalize treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela S Koh
- National Heart Centre Singapore, 5 Hospital Drive, Singapore, 169609, Singapore.,Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jean-Paul Kovalik
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.,Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
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238
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Chen W, Zhu J, Lin F, Xu Y, Feng B, Feng X, Sheng X, Shi X, Pan Q, Yang J, Yu J, Li L, Cao H. Human placenta mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes delay H 2O 2-induced aging in mouse cholangioids. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:201. [PMID: 33752720 PMCID: PMC7983269 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02271-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cholangiocyte senescence is an important pathological process in diseases such as primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) and primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC). Stem cell/induced pluripotent stem cell-derived exosomes have shown anti-senescence effects in various diseases. We applied novel organoid culture technology to establish and characterize cholangiocyte organoids (cholangioids) with oxidative stress-induced senescence and then investigated whether human placenta mesenchymal stem cell (hPMSC)-derived exosomes exerted a protective effect in senescent cholangioids. Methods We identified the growth characteristics of cholangioids by light microscopy and confocal microscopy. Exosomes were introduced concurrently with H2O2 into the cholangioids. Using immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence staining analyses, we assessed the expression patterns of the senescence markers p16INK4a, p21WAF1/Cip1, and senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) and then characterized the mRNA and protein expression levels of chemokines and senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) components. Results Well-established cholangioids expressed cholangiocyte-specific markers. Oxidative stress-induced senescence enhanced the expression of the senescence-associated proteins p16INK4a, p21WAF1/Cip1, and SA-β-gal in senescent cholangioids compared with the control group. Treatment with hPMSC-derived exosomes delayed the cholangioid aging progress and reduced the levels of SASP components (i.e., interleukin-6 and chemokine CC ligand 2). Conclusions Senescent organoids are a potential novel model for better understanding senescence progression in cholangiocytes. hPMSC-derived exosomes exert protective effects against senescent cholangioids under oxidative stress-induced injury by delaying aging and reducing SASP components, which might have therapeutic potential for PSC or PBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyi Chen
- State Key Laboratory for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qingchun Rd., Hangzhou City, 310003, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, 79 Qingchun Rd., Hangzhou City, 310003, China
| | - Jiaqi Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qingchun Rd., Hangzhou City, 310003, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, 79 Qingchun Rd., Hangzhou City, 310003, China
| | - Feiyan Lin
- State Key Laboratory for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qingchun Rd., Hangzhou City, 310003, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, 79 Qingchun Rd., Hangzhou City, 310003, China
| | - Yanping Xu
- State Key Laboratory for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qingchun Rd., Hangzhou City, 310003, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, 79 Qingchun Rd., Hangzhou City, 310003, China
| | - Bing Feng
- State Key Laboratory for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qingchun Rd., Hangzhou City, 310003, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, 79 Qingchun Rd., Hangzhou City, 310003, China
| | - Xudong Feng
- State Key Laboratory for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qingchun Rd., Hangzhou City, 310003, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, 79 Qingchun Rd., Hangzhou City, 310003, China
| | - Xinyu Sheng
- State Key Laboratory for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qingchun Rd., Hangzhou City, 310003, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, 79 Qingchun Rd., Hangzhou City, 310003, China
| | - Xiaowei Shi
- State Key Laboratory for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qingchun Rd., Hangzhou City, 310003, China
| | - Qiaoling Pan
- State Key Laboratory for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qingchun Rd., Hangzhou City, 310003, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, 79 Qingchun Rd., Hangzhou City, 310003, China
| | - Jinfeng Yang
- State Key Laboratory for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qingchun Rd., Hangzhou City, 310003, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, 79 Qingchun Rd., Hangzhou City, 310003, China
| | - Jiong Yu
- State Key Laboratory for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qingchun Rd., Hangzhou City, 310003, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, 79 Qingchun Rd., Hangzhou City, 310003, China
| | - Lanjuan Li
- State Key Laboratory for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qingchun Rd., Hangzhou City, 310003, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, 79 Qingchun Rd., Hangzhou City, 310003, China
| | - Hongcui Cao
- State Key Laboratory for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qingchun Rd., Hangzhou City, 310003, China. .,National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, 79 Qingchun Rd., Hangzhou City, 310003, China. .,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Aging and Physic-chemical Injury Diseases, 79 Qingchun Rd., Hangzhou City, 310003, China.
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239
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Huo W, Weng K, Gu T, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Xu Q, Chen G. Identification and characterization of the adipogenesis in intramuscular and subcutaneous adipocytes of the goose ( Anser cygnoides). Anim Biotechnol 2021; 33:1181-1189. [PMID: 33749492 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2021.1880420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Chinese geese are domesticated from wild swan (Anser cygnoides), which have maintained a strong capacity of fat deposit. Fat mainly distributes subcutaneous, abdominal, intermuscular or intramuscular in poultry, and they display some special physiological and biochemical characteristics in different parts. This study aimed to characterize the adipogenesis in intramuscular (IM) and subcutaneous (SC) adipocytes of the goose. Here, IM and SC preadipocytes were isolated from the 26-day-old Yangzhou goose embryos, and subsequently induced them to differentiate into mature adipocytes. The results showed that SC preadipocytes grew a little faster than IM preadipocytes during the logarithmic multiplication phase (p < 0.05). Meanwhile, SC adipocytes accumulated more lipid than IM adipocytes during the differentiation process in vitro (p < 0.01). In addition, the expression level of key genes involved in adipogenesis, including peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ/α (PPARγ/α), CCAAT/enhancer binding protein-α/β (C/EBPα/β), adipocyte fatty acid binding protein 4 (FABP4), and lipoprotein lipase (LPL) were detected. PPARγ, C/EBPα, FABP4, and LPL, were predominantly expressed in SC adipocytes, whereas C/EBPβ was highly expressed in IM adipocytes. Taken together, these results demonstrated that SC preadipocytes tended to grow faster and accumulate more lipid than IM adipocytes, and show greater potential for adipogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiran Huo
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding and Molecular Design of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Kaiqi Weng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding and Molecular Design of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Tiantian Gu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding and Molecular Design of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding and Molecular Design of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding and Molecular Design of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Qi Xu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding and Molecular Design of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Guohong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding and Molecular Design of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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240
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Wu C, Yu P, Sun R. Adipose tissue and age‑dependent insulin resistance: New insights into WAT browning (Review). Int J Mol Med 2021; 47:71. [PMID: 33693956 PMCID: PMC7952244 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2021.4904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin resistance (IR) is defined as impaired insulin function, reduced glucose uptake and increased glucose production, which can result in type II diabetes, metabolic syndrome and even bone metabolic disorders. A possible reason for the increasing incidence of IR is population aging. Adipose tissue (AT) is an important endocrine organ that serves a crucial role in whole-body energy homeostasis. AT can be divided into white AT (WAT), beige AT and brown AT (BAT). Several mechanisms have been previously associated with age-dependent IR in WAT. However, BAT, a metabolically active tissue, controls the levels of plasma glucose and triglyceride metabolism. Therefore, the present review aimed to summarize the mechanisms of age-dependent IR induced by AT and to determine the role of WAT browning in achieving positive therapeutic outcomes in age-dependent IR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanlong Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, P.R. China
| | - Pei Yu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, P.R. China
| | - Ruixin Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
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241
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Tchkonia T, Palmer AK, Kirkland JL. New Horizons: Novel Approaches to Enhance Healthspan Through Targeting Cellular Senescence and Related Aging Mechanisms. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2021; 106:e1481-e1487. [PMID: 33155651 PMCID: PMC7947756 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgaa728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The elderly population is increasing faster than other segments of the population throughout the world. Age is the leading predictor for most chronic diseases and disorders, multimorbidity, geriatric syndromes, and impaired ability to recover from accidents or illnesses. Enhancing the duration of health and independence, termed healthspan, would be more desirable than extending lifespan merely by prolonging the period of morbidity toward the end of life. The geroscience hypothesis posits that healthspan can be extended by targeting fundamental aging mechanisms, rather than attempting to address each age-related disease one at a time, only so the afflicted individual survives disabled and dies shortly afterward of another age-related disease. These fundamental aging mechanisms include, among others, chronic inflammation, fibrosis, stem cell/ progenitor dysfunction, DNA damage, epigenetic changes, metabolic shifts, destructive metabolite generation, mitochondrial dysfunction, misfolded or aggregated protein accumulation, and cellular senescence. These processes appear to be tightly interlinked, as targeting any one appears to affect many of the rest, underlying our Unitary Theory of Fundamental Aging Mechanisms. Interventions targeting many fundamental aging processes are being developed, including dietary manipulations, metformin, mTOR (mechanistic target of rapamycin) inhibitors, and senolytics, which are in early human trials. These interventions could lead to greater healthspan benefits than treating age-related diseases one at a time. To illustrate these points, we focus on cellular senescence and therapies in development to target senescent cells. Combining interventions targeting aging mechanisms with disease-specific drugs could result in more than additive benefits for currently difficult-to-treat or intractable diseases. More research attention needs to be devoted to targeting fundamental aging processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamar Tchkonia
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Allyson K Palmer
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - James L Kirkland
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
- Correspondence and Reprint Requests: James L. Kirkland, MD, PhD, Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA. E-mail:
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242
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Su YJ, Wang PW, Weng SW. The Role of Mitochondria in Immune-Cell-Mediated Tissue Regeneration and Ageing. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:2668. [PMID: 33800867 PMCID: PMC7961648 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22052668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
During tissue injury events, the innate immune system responds immediately to alarms sent from the injured cells, and the adaptive immune system subsequently joins in the inflammatory reaction. The control mechanism of each immune reaction relies on the orchestration of different types of T cells and the activators, antigen-presenting cells, co-stimulatory molecules, and cytokines. Mitochondria are an intracellular signaling organelle and energy plant, which supply the energy requirement of the immune system and maintain the system activation with the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Extracellular mitochondria can elicit regenerative effects or serve as an activator of the immune cells to eliminate the damaged cells. Recent clarification of the cytosolic escape of mitochondrial DNA triggering innate immunity underscores the pivotal role of mitochondria in inflammation-related diseases. Human mesenchymal stem cells could transfer mitochondria through nanotubular structures to defective mitochondrial DNA cells. In recent years, mitochondrial therapy has shown promise in treating heart ischemic events, Parkinson's disease, and fulminating hepatitis. Taken together, these results emphasize the emerging role of mitochondria in immune-cell-mediated tissue regeneration and ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Jih Su
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
- Center for Mitochondrial Research and Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, 123, Dapi Road, Niaosong District, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan; (Y.-J.S.); (P.-W.W.)
| | - Pei-Wen Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
- Center for Mitochondrial Research and Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, 123, Dapi Road, Niaosong District, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan; (Y.-J.S.); (P.-W.W.)
| | - Shao-Wen Weng
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
- Center for Mitochondrial Research and Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, 123, Dapi Road, Niaosong District, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan; (Y.-J.S.); (P.-W.W.)
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243
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Nidadavolu LS, Walston JD. Underlying Vulnerabilities to the Cytokine Storm and Adverse COVID-19 Outcomes in the Aging Immune System. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2021; 76:e13-e18. [PMID: 32841329 PMCID: PMC7546042 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glaa209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Older adults are far more vulnerable to adverse health outcomes and mortality after contracting COVID-19. There are likely multiple age-related biological, clinical, and environmental reasons for this increased risk, all of which are exacerbated by underlying age-associated changes to the immune system as well as increased prevalence of chronic disease states in older adults. Innate immune system overactivity, termed the cytokine storm, appears to be critical in the development of the worst consequences of COVID-19 infection. Pathophysiology suggests that viral stimulation of the innate immune system, augmented by inflammatory signals sent from dying cells, ramps up into a poorly controlled outpouring of inflammatory mediators. Other aging-related changes in cells such as senescence as well as higher prevalence of chronic disease states also likely ramp up inflammatory signaling. This in turn drives downstream pathophysiological changes to pulmonary, cardiovascular, skeletal muscle, and brain tissues that drive many of the adverse health outcomes observed in older adults. This article provides an overview of the underlying etiologies of innate immune system activation and adaptive immune system dysregulation in older adults and how they potentiate the consequences of the COVID-19-related cytokine storm, and possible uses of this knowledge to develop better risk assessment and treatment monitoring strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lolita S Nidadavolu
- Biology of Healthy Aging Program, Division of Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Jeremy D Walston
- Biology of Healthy Aging Program, Division of Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.,Department of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
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244
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Lee KA, Robbins PD, Camell CD. Intersection of immunometabolism and immunosenescence during aging. Curr Opin Pharmacol 2021; 57:107-116. [PMID: 33684669 DOI: 10.1016/j.coph.2021.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Revised: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Aging is associated with the highest risk for morbidity and mortality to chronic or metabolic diseases, which are present in 50% of the elderly. Improving metabolic and immune function of the elderly would improve quality of life and reduce the risk for all other diseases. Tissue-resident macrophages and the NLRP3 inflammasome are established drivers of inflammaging and metabolic dysfunction. Energy-sensing signaling pathways connect sterile and metabolic inflammation with cellular senescence and tissue dysfunction. We discuss recent advances in the immunometabolism field. Common themes revealed by recent publications include the alterations in metabolic signaling (SIRTUIN, AMPK, or mTOR pathways) in aged immune cells, the impact of senescence on inflammaging and tissue dysfunction, and the age-related changes in metabolic tissues, especially adipose tissue, as an immunological organ. Promising gerotherapeutics are candidates to broadly target nutrient and energy sensing, inflammatory and senescence pathways, and have potential to improve healthspan and treat age-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoo-A Lee
- Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism, Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, 4-108 Nils Hasselmo Hall, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Paul D Robbins
- Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism, Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, 4-108 Nils Hasselmo Hall, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Christina D Camell
- Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism, Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, 4-108 Nils Hasselmo Hall, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
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245
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Allen SL, Quinlan JI, Dhaliwal A, Armstrong MJ, Elsharkawy AM, Greig CA, Lord JM, Lavery GG, Breen L. Sarcopenia in chronic liver disease: mechanisms and countermeasures. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2021; 320:G241-G257. [PMID: 33236953 PMCID: PMC8609568 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00373.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Sarcopenia, a condition of low muscle mass, quality, and strength, is commonly found in patients with cirrhosis and is associated with adverse clinical outcomes including reduction in quality of life, increased mortality, and posttransplant complications. In chronic liver disease (CLD), sarcopenia is most commonly defined through the measurement of the skeletal muscle index of the third lumbar spine. A major contributor to sarcopenia in CLD is the imbalance in muscle protein turnover, which likely occurs due to a decrease in muscle protein synthesis and an elevation in muscle protein breakdown. This imbalance is assumed to arise due to several factors including accelerated starvation, hyperammonemia, amino acid deprivation, chronic inflammation, excessive alcohol intake, and physical inactivity. In particular, hyperammonemia is a key mediator of the liver-gut axis and is known to contribute to mitochondrial dysfunction and an increase in myostatin expression. Currently, the use of nutritional interventions such as late-evening snacks, branched-chain amino acid supplementation, and physical activity have been proposed to help the management and treatment of sarcopenia. However, little evidence exists to comprehensively support their use in clinical settings. Several new pharmacological strategies, including myostatin inhibition and the nutraceutical Urolithin A, have recently been proposed to treat age-related sarcopenia and may also be of use in CLD. This review highlights the potential molecular mechanisms contributing to sarcopenia in CLD alongside a discussion of existing and potential new treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie L. Allen
- 1School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom,2National Institute for Health Research, Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan I. Quinlan
- 1School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom,2National Institute for Health Research, Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Amritpal Dhaliwal
- 2National Institute for Health Research, Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom,3Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom,4Liver Unit, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew J. Armstrong
- 2National Institute for Health Research, Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom,4Liver Unit, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Ahmed M. Elsharkawy
- 2National Institute for Health Research, Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom,3Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom,4Liver Unit, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Carolyn A. Greig
- 1School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom,2National Institute for Health Research, Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom,5MRC-Versus Arthritis Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Janet M. Lord
- 2National Institute for Health Research, Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom,3Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom,5MRC-Versus Arthritis Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Gareth G. Lavery
- 2National Institute for Health Research, Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom,6Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom,7Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partner, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Leigh Breen
- 1School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom,2National Institute for Health Research, Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom,5MRC-Versus Arthritis Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
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246
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Young J, Bell S, Qian Y, Hyman C, Berryman DE. Mouse models of growth hormone insensitivity. Rev Endocr Metab Disord 2021; 22:17-29. [PMID: 33037595 PMCID: PMC7979446 DOI: 10.1007/s11154-020-09600-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Growth hormone (GH) induces pleiotropic effects on growth and metabolism via binding and subsequent activation of the growth hormone receptor (GHR) and its downstream signaling pathways. Growth hormone insensitivity (GHI) describes a group of disorders in which there is resistance to the action of GH and resultant insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) deficiency. GHI is commonly due to genetic disorders of the GH receptor causing GH receptor deficiency (e.g. Laron Syndrome (LS)), decreased activation of GHR, or defects in post-receptor signaling molecules. Genetically altered mouse lines have been invaluable to better understand the physiological impact of GHI due to the ability to do invasive and longitudinal measures of metabolism, growth, and health on a whole animal or in individual tissues/cells. In the current review, the phenotype of mouse lines with GHI will be reviewed. Mouse lines to be discussed include: 1) GHR-/- mice with a gene disruption in the GHR that results in no functional GHR throughout life, also referred to as the Laron mouse, 2) mice with temporal loss of GHR (aGHRKO) starting at 6 weeks of age, 3) mice transgenic for a GHR antagonist (GHA mice), 4) mice with GHI in select tissues or cells generated via Cre-lox or related technology, and 5) assorted mice with defects in post-receptor signaling molecules. Collectively, these mouse lines have revealed an intriguing role of GH action in health, disease, and aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Young
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ohio University Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Athens, OH, 45701, USA
- Edison Biotechnology Institute, Konneker Research Labs, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA
| | - Stephen Bell
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ohio University Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Athens, OH, 45701, USA
- Edison Biotechnology Institute, Konneker Research Labs, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA
| | - Yanrong Qian
- Edison Biotechnology Institute, Konneker Research Labs, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA
| | - Caroline Hyman
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ohio University Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Athens, OH, 45701, USA
| | - Darlene E Berryman
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ohio University Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Athens, OH, 45701, USA.
- Edison Biotechnology Institute, Konneker Research Labs, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA.
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247
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Madani AY, Majeed Y, Abdesselem HB, Agha MV, Vakayil M, Sukhun NKA, Halabi NM, Kumar P, Hayat S, Elrayess MA, Rafii A, Suhre K, Mazloum NA. Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 (STAT3) Suppresses STAT1/Interferon Signaling Pathway and Inflammation in Senescent Preadipocytes. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10020334. [PMID: 33672392 PMCID: PMC7927067 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10020334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity promotes premature aging and dysfunction of white adipose tissue (WAT) through the accumulation of cellular senescence. The senescent cells burden in WAT has been linked to inflammation, insulin-resistance (IR), and type 2 diabetes (T2D). There is limited knowledge about molecular mechanisms that sustain inflammation in obese states. Here, we describe a robust and physiologically relevant in vitro system to trigger senescence in mouse 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. By employing transcriptomics analyses, we discovered up-regulation of key pro-inflammatory molecules and activation of interferon/signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)1/3 signaling in senescent preadipocytes, and expression of downstream targets was induced in epididymal WAT of obese mice, and obese human adipose tissue. To test the relevance of STAT1/3 signaling to preadipocyte senescence, we used Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats/CRISPR associated protein 9 (CRISPR/Cas9) technology to delete STAT1/3 and discovered that STAT1 promoted growth arrest and cooperated with cyclic Guanosine Monophosphate-Adenosine Monophosphate (GMP-AMP) synthase-stimulator of interferon genes (cGAS-STING) to drive the expression of interferon β (IFNβ), C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 10 (CXCL10), and interferon signaling-related genes. In contrast, we discovered that STAT3 was a negative regulator of STAT1/cGAS-STING signaling-it suppressed senescence and inflammation. These data provide insights into how STAT1/STAT3 signaling coordinates senescence and inflammation through functional interactions with the cGAS/STING pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aisha Y. Madani
- College of Health & Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation, Doha 34110, Qatar; (A.Y.M.); (M.V.)
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar (WCM-Q), Qatar Foundation, Doha 24144, Qatar; (Y.M.); (N.K.A.S.)
| | - Yasser Majeed
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar (WCM-Q), Qatar Foundation, Doha 24144, Qatar; (Y.M.); (N.K.A.S.)
| | - Houari B. Abdesselem
- Neurological Disorders Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation, Doha 34110, Qatar;
| | - Maha V. Agha
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar;
| | - Muneera Vakayil
- College of Health & Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation, Doha 34110, Qatar; (A.Y.M.); (M.V.)
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar (WCM-Q), Qatar Foundation, Doha 24144, Qatar; (Y.M.); (N.K.A.S.)
| | - Nour K. Al Sukhun
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar (WCM-Q), Qatar Foundation, Doha 24144, Qatar; (Y.M.); (N.K.A.S.)
| | - Najeeb M. Halabi
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar (WCM-Q), Qatar Foundation, Doha 24144, Qatar; (N.M.H.); (A.R.)
| | | | - Shahina Hayat
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar (WCM-Q), Qatar Foundation, Doha 24144, Qatar; (S.H.); (K.S.)
| | | | - Arash Rafii
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar (WCM-Q), Qatar Foundation, Doha 24144, Qatar; (N.M.H.); (A.R.)
| | - Karsten Suhre
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar (WCM-Q), Qatar Foundation, Doha 24144, Qatar; (S.H.); (K.S.)
| | - Nayef A. Mazloum
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar (WCM-Q), Qatar Foundation, Doha 24144, Qatar; (Y.M.); (N.K.A.S.)
- Correspondence:
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248
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Frasca D, Diaz A, Romero M, Blomberg BB. Phenotypic and Functional Characterization of Double Negative B Cells in the Blood of Individuals With Obesity. Front Immunol 2021; 12:616650. [PMID: 33708209 PMCID: PMC7940530 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.616650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
We have previously shown that obesity is associated with increased secretion of IgG antibodies with anti-self-reactivity. In this paper, we confirm and extend our previous findings. We show that the plasma of individuals with obesity is enriched in autoimmune antibodies whose levels are positively associated with blood frequencies of the subset of Double Negative (DN) B cells, which is the most pro-inflammatory B cell subset. We also show that DN B cells, significantly increased in the blood of obese versus lean individuals, are characterized by higher expression of immune activation markers and of the transcription factor T-bet, both associated with autoimmunity. The removal of DN B cells from the peripheral B cell pool significantly decreases in vitro secretion of anti-self IgG antibodies. These results altogether confirm the crucial role of DN B cells in the secretion of anti-self IgG antibodies in individuals with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Frasca
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States.,Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Alain Diaz
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Maria Romero
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Bonnie B Blomberg
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States.,Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
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249
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Yu S, Kim SR, Jiang K, Ogrodnik M, Zhu XY, Ferguson CM, Tchkonia T, Lerman A, Kirkland JL, Lerman LO. Quercetin Reverses Cardiac Systolic Dysfunction in Mice Fed with a High-Fat Diet: Role of Angiogenesis. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:8875729. [PMID: 33688395 PMCID: PMC7914089 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8875729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Global consumption of high-fat diets (HFD) is associated with an increased incidence of cardiometabolic syndrome and cardiac injury, warranting identification of cardioprotective strategies. Cardioprotective effects of quercetin (Q) have mostly been evaluated in ischemic heart disease models and attributed to senolysis. We hypothesized that Q could alleviate murine cardiac damage caused by HFD by restoring the myocardial microcirculation. C57BL/6J mice were fed standard chow or HFD for 6 months and then treated with Q (50 mg/kg) or vehicle 5-day biweekly for 10 additional weeks. Left ventricular (LV) cardiac function was studied in vivo using magnetic resonance imaging, and intramyocardial fat deposition, microvascular density, oxidative stress, and senescence were analyzed ex vivo. Additionally, direct angiogenic effects of Q were studied in vitro in HUVECs. HFD increased body weight, heart weight, total cholesterol, and triglyceride levels, whereas Q normalized heart weight and triglycerides. LV ejection fraction was lower in HFD vs. control mice (56.20 ± 15.8% vs. 73.38 ± 5.04%, respectively, P < 0.05), but improved in HFD + Q mice (67.42 ± 7.50%, P < 0.05, vs. HFD). Q also prevented cardiac fat accumulation and reduced HFD-induced cardiac fibrosis, cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, oxidative stress, and vascular rarefaction. Cardiac senescence was not observed in any group. In vitro, ox-LDL reduced HUVEC tube formation activity, which Q effectively improved. Quercetin may directly induce angiogenesis and decrease myocardial oxidative stress, which might account for its cardioprotective effects in the murine HFD-fed murine heart independently from senolytic activity. Furthermore, its beneficial effects might be partly attributed to a decrease in plasma triglycerides and intramyocardial fat deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shasha Yu
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
- Department of Cardiology, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Seo Rin Kim
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
- Department of Nephrology and Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Kai Jiang
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Mikolaj Ogrodnik
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Clinical and Experimental Traumatology Donaueschingenstraße 13, A-1200 Vienna, Austria
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Xiang Y. Zhu
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | | | - Tamara Tchkonia
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Amir Lerman
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - James L. Kirkland
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Lilach O. Lerman
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
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250
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Wu CS, Muthyala SDV, Klemashevich C, Ufondu AU, Menon R, Chen Z, Devaraj S, Jayaraman A, Sun Y. Age-dependent remodeling of gut microbiome and host serum metabolome in mice. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:6330-6345. [PMID: 33612480 PMCID: PMC7993679 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
The interplay between microbiota and host metabolism plays an important role in health. Here, we examined the relationship between age, gut microbiome and host serum metabolites in male C57BL/6J mice. Fecal microbiome analysis of 3, 6, 18, and 28 months (M) old mice showed that the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio was highest in the 6M group; the decrease of Firmicutes in the older age groups suggests a reduced capacity of gut microflora to harvest energy from food. We found age-dependent increase in Proteobacteria, which may lead to altered mucus structure more susceptible to bacteria penetration and ultimately increased intestinal inflammation. Metabolomic profiling of polar serum metabolites at fed state in 3, 12, 18 and 28M mice revealed age-associated changes in metabolic cascades involved in tryptophan, purine, amino acids, and nicotinamide metabolism. Correlation analyses showed that nicotinamide decreased with age, while allantoin and guanosine, metabolites in purine metabolism, increased with age. Notably, tryptophan and its microbially derived compounds indole and indole-3-lactic acid significantly decreased with age, while kynurenine increased with age. Together, these results suggest a significant interplay between bacterial and host metabolism, and gut dysbiosis and altered microbial metabolism contribute to aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Shan Wu
- Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
- USDA/ARS Children’s Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | | | - Cory Klemashevich
- Integrated Metabolomics Analysis Core, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | | | - Rani Menon
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Zheng Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Sridevi Devaraj
- Department of Pathology, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Arul Jayaraman
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Yuxiang Sun
- Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
- USDA/ARS Children’s Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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