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Duarte T, Fontana BD, Müller TE, Bertoncello KT, Canzian J, Rosemberg DB. Nicotine prevents anxiety-like behavioral responses in zebrafish. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2019; 94:109655. [PMID: 31112733 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2019.109655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Revised: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Anxiety-related disorders are severe psychiatric conditions that involve complex physiological and behavioral maladaptive responses. The use of conspecific alarm substance (CAS) for inducing anxiety-like behaviors in fish species provides important translational insights of how aversive conditions modulate neurobehavioral functions. Because nicotine may elicit anxiolytic-like responses, here we investigated whether acute nicotine exposure prevents CAS-induced anxiogenic-like behaviors in zebrafish. We used both novel tank and light-dark tests as two well-established paradigms for measuring anxiety-like phenotypes. Fish were individually exposed to 1 mg/L nicotine or non-chlorinated water for 3 min and then transferred to other tanks in the absence or presence of 3.5 mL/L CAS for 5 min. Later, the behavior of fish was tested in the novel tank test or in the light-dark preference test. As expected, CAS triggered aversive behaviors by increasing bottom-dwelling, freezing, erratic movements, scototaxis, and risk assessment episodes. Nicotine alone elicited anxiolytic-like behaviors since it increased the time spent in the top, as well as the average duration of entry in the lit compartment. Moreover, nicotine pretreatment prevented CAS-induced aversive responses without changing locomotion, suggesting that anxiolysis could play a role, at least in part, to the behavioral effects of nicotine observed here. Overall, these novel findings show the beneficial effects of nicotine on anxiogenic responses in zebrafish. We also reinforce the practical advantages of this aquatic species to explore the relieving properties of nicotine, as well as to understand the neurobiological bases involved in anxiety-related disorders and associated therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tâmie Duarte
- Laboratory of Experimental Neuropsychobiology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Natural and Exact Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Maria, 1000 Roraima Avenue, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil; Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, 1000 Roraima Avenue, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Barbara D Fontana
- Brain and Behaviour Laboratory, School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Old St Michael's Building, Portsmouth PO1 2DT, UK
| | - Talise E Müller
- Laboratory of Experimental Neuropsychobiology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Natural and Exact Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Maria, 1000 Roraima Avenue, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil; Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, 1000 Roraima Avenue, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Kanandra T Bertoncello
- Laboratory of Experimental Neuropsychobiology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Natural and Exact Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Maria, 1000 Roraima Avenue, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil; Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, 1000 Roraima Avenue, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Julia Canzian
- Laboratory of Experimental Neuropsychobiology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Natural and Exact Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Maria, 1000 Roraima Avenue, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil; Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, 1000 Roraima Avenue, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Denis B Rosemberg
- Laboratory of Experimental Neuropsychobiology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Natural and Exact Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Maria, 1000 Roraima Avenue, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil; Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, 1000 Roraima Avenue, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil; The International Zebrafish Neuroscience Research Consortium (ZNRC), 309 Palmer Court, Slidell, LA 70458, USA.
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202
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Ren M, Lotfipour S. Nicotine Gateway Effects on Adolescent Substance Use. West J Emerg Med 2019; 20:696-709. [PMID: 31539325 PMCID: PMC6754186 DOI: 10.5811/westjem.2019.7.41661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2018] [Revised: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Given the rise in teenage use of electronic nicotine delivery systems ("vaping") in congruence with the increasing numbers of drug-related emergencies, it is critical to expand the knowledge of the physical and behavioral risks associated with developmental nicotine exposure. A further understanding of the molecular and neurochemical underpinnings of nicotine's gateway effects allows emergency clinicians to advise patients and families and adjust treatment accordingly, which may minimize the use of tobacco, nicotine, and future substances. Currently, the growing use of tobacco products and electronic cigarettes among teenagers represents a major public health concern. Adolescent exposure to tobacco or nicotine can lead to subsequent abuse of nicotine and other substances, which is known as the gateway hypothesis. Adolescence is a developmentally sensitive time period when risk-taking behaviors, such as sensation seeking and drug experimentation, often begin. These hallmark behaviors of adolescence are largely due to maturational changes in the brain. The developing brain is particularly vulnerable to the harmful effects of drugs of abuse, including tobacco and nicotine products, which activate nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs). Disruption of nAChR development with early nicotine use may influence the function and pharmacology of the receptor subunits and alter the release of reward-related neurotransmitters, including acetylcholine, dopamine, GABA, serotonin, and glutamate. In this review, we emphasize that the effects of nicotine are highly dependent on timing of exposure, with a dynamic interaction of nAChRs with dopaminergic, endocannabinoid, and opioidergic systems to enhance general drug reward and reinforcement. We analyzed available literature regarding adolescent substance use and nicotine's impact on the developing brain and behavior using the electronic databases of PubMed and Google Scholar for articles published in English between January 1968 and November 2018. We present a large collection of clinical and preclinical evidence that adolescent nicotine exposure influences long-term molecular, biochemical, and functional changes in the brain that encourage subsequent drug abuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Ren
- University of California, Irvine, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Irvine, California
| | - Shahrdad Lotfipour
- University of California, Irvine, Department of Emergency Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Irvine, California
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203
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Liu W, Su K. A Review on the Receptor-ligand Molecular Interactions in the Nicotinic Receptor Signaling Systems. Pak J Biol Sci 2019; 21:51-66. [PMID: 30221881 DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2018.51.66] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Nicotine is regarded as the main active addictive ingredient in tobacco products driving continued tobacco abuse behavior (smoking) to the addiction behavior, whereas nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChR) is the crucial effective apparatus or molecular effector of nicotine and acetylcholine and other similar ligands. Many nAChR subunits have been revealed to bind to either neurotransmitters or exogenous ligands, such as nicotine and acetylcholine, being involved in the nicotinic receptor signal transduction. Therefore, the nicotinic receptor signalling molecules and the receptor-ligand molecular interactions between nAChRs and their ligands are universally regarded as crucial mediators of cellular functions and drug targets in medical treatment and clinical diagnosis. Given numerous endeavours have been made in defining the roles of nAChRs in response to nicotine and other addictive drugs, this review focuses on studies and reports in recent years on the receptor-ligand interactions between nAChR receptors and ligands, including lipid-nAChR and protein-nAChR molecular interactions, relevant signal transduction pathways and their molecular mechanisms in the nicotinic receptor signalling systems. All the references were carefully retrieved from the PubMed database by searching key words "nicotine", "acetylcholine", "nicotinic acetylcholine receptor(s)", "nAChR*", "protein and nAChR", "lipid and nAChR", "smok*" and "tobacco". All the relevant referred papers and reports retrieved were fully reviewed for manual inspection. This effort intend to get a quick insight and understanding of the nicotinic receptor signalling and their molecular interactions mechanisms. Understanding the cellular receptor-ligand interactions and molecular mechanisms between nAChRs and ligands will lead to a better translational and therapeutic operations and outcomes for the prevention and treatment of nicotine addiction and other chronic drug addictions in the brain's reward circuitry.
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204
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Li X, Xie W, Wang X, Huang Z, Bian X, Wang K, Sun Q. Chemical conversion of nicotinamide into type I positive allosteric modulator of α7 nAChRs. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2019; 29:1928-1933. [PMID: 31153804 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2019.05.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Revised: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Structural modifications of nicotinamide, a form of vitamin B3, gave rise to a series of compounds (8aa-8ce) that exhibit activities as type I positive allosteric modulators (PAMs) of human α7 nAChR expressed in Xenopus oocytes in two-electrode voltage clamp assay. The compound 8ai was a potent and efficacious PAM with an EC50 = 3.34 ± 1.13 μM and the maximum activation effect of α7 current over 1474 ± 246% in the presence of acetylcholine (100 μM). It is highly specific to α7 nAChR over other subtypes of nAChR and 5-HT3A receptors. The structure-activity relationship analysis identified a key skeleton of nicotinamide nucleus critical for biological activity. Taken together, the 8ai as a type I PAM of α7 nAChR may be beneficial for improvement of cognitive deficit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Wenjun Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xintong Wang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Zongze Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xiling Bian
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - KeWei Wang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China.
| | - Qi Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.
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205
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Sabri O, Meyer PM, Gräf S, Hesse S, Wilke S, Becker GA, Rullmann M, Patt M, Luthardt J, Wagenknecht G, Hoepping A, Smits R, Franke A, Sattler B, Tiepolt S, Fischer S, Deuther-Conrad W, Hegerl U, Barthel H, Schönknecht P, Brust P. Cognitive correlates of α4β2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in mild Alzheimer's dementia. Brain 2019; 141:1840-1854. [PMID: 29672680 PMCID: PMC5972585 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awy099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In early Alzheimer's dementia, there is a need for PET biomarkers of disease progression with close associations to cognitive dysfunction that may aid to predict further cognitive decline and neurodegeneration. Amyloid biomarkers are not suitable for that purpose. The α4β2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (α4β2-nAChRs) are widely abundant in the human brain. As neuromodulators they play an important role in cognitive functions such as attention, learning and memory. Post-mortem studies reported lower expression of α4β2-nAChRs in more advanced Alzheimer's dementia. However, there is ongoing controversy whether α4β2-nAChRs are reduced in early Alzheimer's dementia. Therefore, using the recently developed α4β2-nAChR-specific radioligand (-)-18F-flubatine and PET, we aimed to quantify the α4β2-nAChR availability and its relationship to specific cognitive dysfunction in mild Alzheimer's dementia. Fourteen non-smoking patients with mild Alzheimer's dementia, drug-naïve for cholinesterase therapy, were compared with 15 non-smoking healthy controls matched for age, sex and education by applying (-)-18F-flubatine PET together with a neuropsychological test battery. The one-tissue compartment model and Logan plot method with arterial input function were used for kinetic analysis to obtain the total distribution volume (VT) as the primary, and the specific binding part of the distribution volume (VS) as the secondary quantitative outcome measure of α4β2-nAChR availability. VS was determined by using a pseudo-reference region. Correlations between VT within relevant brain regions and Z-scores of five cognitive functions (episodic memory, executive function/working memory, attention, language, visuospatial function) were calculated. VT (and VS) were applied for between-group comparisons. Volume of interest and statistical parametric mapping analyses were carried out. Analyses revealed that in patients with mild Alzheimer's dementia compared to healthy controls, there was significantly lower VT, especially within the hippocampus, fronto-temporal cortices, and basal forebrain, which was similar to comparisons of VS. VT decline in Alzheimer's dementia was associated with distinct domains of impaired cognitive functioning, especially episodic memory and executive function/working memory. Using (-)-18F-flubatine PET in patients with mild Alzheimer's dementia, we show for the first time a cholinergic α4β2-nAChR deficiency mainly present within the basal forebrain-cortical and septohippocampal cholinergic projections and a relationship between lower α4β2-nAChR availability and impairment of distinct cognitive domains, notably episodic memory and executive function/working memory. This shows the potential of (-)-18F-flubatine as PET biomarker of cholinergic α4β2-nAChR dysfunction and specific cognitive decline. Thus, if validated by longitudinal PET studies, (-)-18F-flubatine might become a PET biomarker of progression of neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osama Sabri
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Philipp M Meyer
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Susanne Gräf
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.,Max-Planck-Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Swen Hesse
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.,Integrated Research and Treatment Centre (IFB) Adiposity Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Stephan Wilke
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | | | - Michael Rullmann
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.,Max-Planck-Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany.,Integrated Research and Treatment Centre (IFB) Adiposity Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Marianne Patt
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Julia Luthardt
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Gudrun Wagenknecht
- Central Institute for Engineering, Electronics and Analytics-Electronic Systems (ZEA-2), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | | | - Rene Smits
- ABX Advanced Biochemical Compounds GmbH, Radeberg, Germany
| | - Annegret Franke
- Centre for Clinical Trials Leipzig, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Bernhard Sattler
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Solveig Tiepolt
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Steffen Fischer
- Department of Neuroradiopharmaceuticals, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Research Site Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Winnie Deuther-Conrad
- Department of Neuroradiopharmaceuticals, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Research Site Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ulrich Hegerl
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Henryk Barthel
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Peter Schönknecht
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Peter Brust
- Department of Neuroradiopharmaceuticals, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Research Site Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
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206
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Bali ZK, Nagy LV, Budai D, Hernádi I. Facilitation and inhibition of firing activity and N-methyl-D-aspartate-evoked responses of CA1 hippocampal pyramidal cells by alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor selective compounds in vivo. Sci Rep 2019; 9:9324. [PMID: 31249369 PMCID: PMC6597544 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-45796-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) are promising novel targets for the treatment of neurocognitive disorders. Although the cognitive enhancer potential of alpha7 nAChR agonists and positive allosteric modulators (PAMs) has been confirmed in several preclinical animal models, there are only sparse in vivo electrophysiological data on their effects on the firing activity and excitability of neurons. The present study investigated and compared local effects of alpha7 nAChR agonist PHA-543613 and PAMs PNU-120596 and NS-1738 on the spontaneous and N-methyl-D-aspartate-evoked (NMDA-evoked) firing rate of rat CA1 hippocampal pyramidal cells, in vivo. Furthermore, effects of alpha7 nAChR antagonist methyllycaconitine (MLA) and GABA were also tested. Results showed substantially different effects of the alpha7 nAChR agonist and PAMs. While PNU-120596 and NS-1738 predominantly and significantly increased both spontaneous and NMDA-evoked firing rate of the neurons, application of PHA-543613 resulted in almost equal distribution of facilitatory and inhibitory effects. The increase of the NMDA-evoked firing rate exerted by NS-1738 was superadditive over the sum of the single effects of NMDA and NS-1738. The simultaneous application of alpha7 nAChR agonist PHA-543613 and PAM NS-1738 resulted in additive increase of both spontaneous and NMDA-evoked firing rate. However, NS-1738 counteracted inhibitory effects of PHA-543613 in 5 out of 6 neurons, resulting in a synergistic potentiation of their firing responses to NMDA. Our results suggest that alpha7 nAChR PAMs increase neuronal excitability more potently than agonists, while the remarkable occurrence of inhibitory effects of PHA-543613 (possibly originating from receptor desensitization) implies that agonists may exert neuroprotective effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsolt Kristóf Bali
- Department of Experimental Zoology and Neurobiology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.,János Szentágothai Research Center, Center for Neuroscience, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.,Grastyán Endre Translational Research Center, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Lili Veronika Nagy
- Department of Experimental Zoology and Neurobiology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.,János Szentágothai Research Center, Center for Neuroscience, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Dénes Budai
- Kation Scientific LLC, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - István Hernádi
- Department of Experimental Zoology and Neurobiology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary. .,János Szentágothai Research Center, Center for Neuroscience, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary. .,Institute of Physiology, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary. .,Grastyán Endre Translational Research Center, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.
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207
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Interactions of Glutamatergic Neurotransmission and Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor in the Regulation of Behaviors after Nicotine Administration. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20122943. [PMID: 31208140 PMCID: PMC6627482 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20122943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 06/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Nicotine causes tobacco dependence, which may result in fatal respiratory diseases. The striatum is a key structure of forebrain basal nuclei associated with nicotine dependence. In the striatum, glutamate release is increased when α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors expressed in the glutamatergic terminals are exposed to nicotine, and over-stimulates glutamate receptors in gamma amino-butyric acid (GABA)ergic neurons. These receptor over-stimulations in turn potentiate GABAergic outputs to forebrain basal nuclei and contribute to the increase in psychomotor behaviors associated with nicotine dependence. In parallel with glutamate increases, nicotine exposure elevates brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) release through anterograde and retrograde targeting of the synapses of glutamatergic terminals and GABAergic neurons. This article reviews nicotine-exposure induced elevations of glutamatergic neurotransmission, the bidirectional targeting of BDNF in the striatum, and the potential regulatory role played by BDNF in behavioral responses to nicotine exposure.
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208
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van Goethem NP, Paes D, Puzzo D, Fedele E, Rebosio C, Gulisano W, Palmeri A, Wennogle LP, Peng Y, Bertrand D, Prickaerts J. Antagonizing α7 nicotinic receptors with methyllycaconitine (MLA) potentiates receptor activity and memory acquisition. Cell Signal 2019; 62:109338. [PMID: 31176021 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2019.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Revised: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (α7nAChRs) have been targeted to improve cognition in different neurological and psychiatric disorders. Nevertheless, no α7nAChR activating ligand has been clinically approved. Here, we investigated the effects of antagonizing α7nAChRs using the selective antagonist methyllycaconitine (MLA) on receptor activity in vitro and cognitive functioning in vivo. Picomolar concentrations of MLA significantly potentiated receptor responses in electrophysiological experiments mimicking the in vivo situation. Furthermore, microdialysis studies showed that MLA administration substantially increased hippocampal glutamate efflux which is related to memory processes. Accordingly, pre-tetanus administration of low MLA concentrations produced longer lasting potentiation (long-term potentiation, LTP) in studies examining hippocampal plasticity. Moreover, low doses of MLA improved acquisition, but not consolidation memory processes in rats. While the focus to enhance cognition by modulating α7nAChRs lies on agonists and positive modulators, antagonists at low doses should provide a novel approach to improve cognition in neurological and psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nick P van Goethem
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, 6200, MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Dean Paes
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, 6200, MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Daniela Puzzo
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Physiology, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy
| | - Ernesto Fedele
- Department of Pharmacy, Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research, University of Genoa, 16148 Genoa, Italy; IRCCS Polyclinic Hospital San Martino, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Claudia Rebosio
- Department of Pharmacy, Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research, University of Genoa, 16148 Genoa, Italy
| | - Walter Gulisano
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Physiology, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy
| | - Agostino Palmeri
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Physiology, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy
| | | | - Youyi Peng
- Intra-Cellular Therapies, Inc., New York 10016, United States
| | - Daniel Bertrand
- HiQScreen Sàrl, 6, rte de Compois, 1222, Vésenaz, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Jos Prickaerts
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, 6200, MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
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209
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Choueiry J, Blais CM, Shah D, Smith D, Fisher D, Illivitsky V, Knott V. Combining CDP-choline and galantamine: Effects of a selective α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist strategy on P50 sensory gating of speech sounds in healthy volunteers. J Psychopharmacol 2019; 33:688-699. [PMID: 30920339 DOI: 10.1177/0269881119836217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Schizophrenia (SCZ) patients and relatives have deficits in early cortical sensory gating (SG) typically measured by suppression of electroencephalography-derived P50 event-related potentials (ERPs) in a conditioning-testing (S1-S2) paradigm. Associated with alpha 7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7 nAChR) dysfunction and shown to be improved with nicotine and α7 nAChR agonists, SG has recently been shown to be improved in low P50 suppressing SCZ patients following acute CDP-choline treatment. AIMS This pilot study in healthy humans assessed the SG effects of an α7 nAChR strategy combining CDP-choline with galantamine, a positive allosteric modulator (PAM) of nAChRs, aimed at increasing and prolonging nicotinic receptor activity. METHODS The combined effect of CDP-choline (500 mg) and galantamine (16 mg) on speech P50 gating indices rP50 (S2/S1) and dP50 (S1-S2) was examined in 30 healthy participants stratified into low and high baseline P50 suppressors in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled and counterbalanced design. RESULTS In low suppressors, CDP-choline/galantamine (vs. placebo) improved rP50 and dP50 gating, and reduced S2P50 amplitudes. No P50 gating effects were observed in high suppressors; however, CDP-choline/galantamine (vs. placebo) increased their S2P50 amplitudes. CONCLUSION Findings from this pilot study with CDP-choline/galantamine in a healthy, SCZ-like surrogate deficient gating sample are consistent with the association of α7 nAChR mechanisms in SG impairment in SCZ and support further research trials with CDP-choline and galantamine targeting sensory processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joelle Choueiry
- 1 Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Crystal M Blais
- 2 Institute of Cognitive Science, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Dhrasti Shah
- 3 School of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Dylan Smith
- 3 School of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Derek Fisher
- 4 Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, Mount Saint Vincent University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | | | - Verner Knott
- 1 Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,2 Institute of Cognitive Science, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,3 School of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,5 The Royal Ottawa Mental Health Centre, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,6 University of Ottawa Institute of Mental Health Research, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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210
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Gaydukov AE, Bogacheva PO, Balezina OP. The Participation of Presynaptic Alpha7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors in the Inhibition of Acetylcholine Release during Long-Term Activity of Mouse Motor Synapses. NEUROCHEM J+ 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s1819712419010082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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211
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Colangelo C, Shichkova P, Keller D, Markram H, Ramaswamy S. Cellular, Synaptic and Network Effects of Acetylcholine in the Neocortex. Front Neural Circuits 2019; 13:24. [PMID: 31031601 PMCID: PMC6473068 DOI: 10.3389/fncir.2019.00024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The neocortex is densely innervated by basal forebrain (BF) cholinergic neurons. Long-range axons of cholinergic neurons regulate higher-order cognitive function and dysfunction in the neocortex by releasing acetylcholine (ACh). ACh release dynamically reconfigures neocortical microcircuitry through differential spatiotemporal actions on cell-types and their synaptic connections. At the cellular level, ACh release controls neuronal excitability and firing rate, by hyperpolarizing or depolarizing target neurons. At the synaptic level, ACh impacts transmission dynamics not only by altering the presynaptic probability of release, but also the magnitude of the postsynaptic response. Despite the crucial role of ACh release in physiology and pathophysiology, a comprehensive understanding of the way it regulates the activity of diverse neocortical cell-types and synaptic connections has remained elusive. This review aims to summarize the state-of-the-art anatomical and physiological data to develop a functional map of the cellular, synaptic and microcircuit effects of ACh in the neocortex of rodents and non-human primates, and to serve as a quantitative reference for those intending to build data-driven computational models on the role of ACh in governing brain states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Colangelo
- Blue Brain Project, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | - Srikanth Ramaswamy
- Blue Brain Project, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Geneva, Switzerland
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212
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Affiliation(s)
- Olena Filchakova
- Department of Biology, School of Science and Technology, Nazarbayev University, Astana, Republic of Kazakhstan
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Weltzin MM, George AA, Lukas RJ, Whiteaker P. Distinctive single-channel properties of α4β2-nicotinic acetylcholine receptor isoforms. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0213143. [PMID: 30845161 PMCID: PMC6405073 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0213143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 02/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Central nervous system nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChR) are predominantly of the α4β2 subtype. Two isoforms exist, with high or low agonist sensitivity (HS-(α4β2)2β2- and LS-(α4β2)2α4-nAChR). Both isoforms exhibit similar macroscopic potency and efficacy values at low acetylcholine (ACh) concentrations, mediated by a common pair of high-affinity α4(+)/(-)β2 subunit binding interfaces. However LS-(α4β2)2α4-nAChR also respond to higher concentrations of ACh, acting at a third α4(+)/(-)α4 subunit interface. To probe isoform functional differences further, HS- and LS-α4β2-nAChR were expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes and single-channel responses were assessed using cell-attached patch-clamp. In the presence of a low ACh concentration, both isoforms produce low-bursting function. HS-(α4β2)2β2-nAChR exhibit a single conductance state, whereas LS-(α4β2)2α4-nAChR display two distinctive conductance states. A higher ACh concentration did not preferentially recruit either conductance state, but did result in increased LS-(α4β2)2α4-nAChR bursting and reduced closed times. Introduction of an α4(+)/(-)α4-interface loss-of-function α4W182A mutation abolished these changes, confirming this site's role in mediating LS-(α4β2)2α4-nAChR responses. Small or large amplitude openings are highly-correlated within individual LS-(α4β2)2α4-nAChR bursts, suggesting that they arise from distinct intermediate states, each of which is stabilized by α4(+)/(-)α4 site ACh binding. These findings are consistent with α4(+)/(-)α4 subunit interface occupation resulting in allosteric potentiation of agonist actions at α4(+)/(-)β2 subunit interfaces, rather than independent induction of high conductance channel openings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maegan M. Weltzin
- Division of Neurobiology, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, Arizona, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Andrew A. George
- Division of Neurobiology, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Ronald J. Lukas
- Division of Neurobiology, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Paul Whiteaker
- Division of Neurobiology, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, Arizona, United States of America
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214
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Otvos RA, Still KBM, Somsen GW, Smit AB, Kool J. Drug Discovery on Natural Products: From Ion Channels to nAChRs, from Nature to Libraries, from Analytics to Assays. SLAS DISCOVERY : ADVANCING LIFE SCIENCES R & D 2019; 24:362-385. [PMID: 30682257 PMCID: PMC6484542 DOI: 10.1177/2472555218822098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Revised: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Natural extracts are complex mixtures that may be rich in useful bioactive compounds and therefore are attractive sources for new leads in drug discovery. This review describes drug discovery from natural products and in explaining this process puts the focus on ion-channel drug discovery. In particular, the identification of bioactives from natural products targeting nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) and serotonin type 3 receptors (5-HT3Rs) is discussed. The review is divided into three parts: "Targets," "Sources," and "Approaches." The "Targets" part will discuss the importance of ion-channel drug targets in general, and the α7-nAChR and 5-HT3Rs in particular. The "Sources" part will discuss the relevance for drug discovery of finding bioactive compounds from various natural sources such as venoms and plant extracts. The "Approaches" part will give an overview of classical and new analytical approaches that are used for the identification of new bioactive compounds with the focus on targeting ion channels. In addition, a selected overview is given of traditional venom-based drug discovery approaches and of diverse hyphenated analytical systems used for screening complex bioactive mixtures including venoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reka A. Otvos
- The Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines and Systems (AIMMS), Division of BioAnalytical Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Kristina B. M. Still
- The Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines and Systems (AIMMS), Division of BioAnalytical Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Govert W. Somsen
- The Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines and Systems (AIMMS), Division of BioAnalytical Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - August B. Smit
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen Kool
- The Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines and Systems (AIMMS), Division of BioAnalytical Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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215
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Potential roles of 5-HT 3 receptor (5-HT 3R) antagonists in modulating the effects of nicotine. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 112:108630. [PMID: 30797147 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.108630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Revised: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
5-HT3R antagonists such as ondansetron, granisetron and tropisetron have been clinically used to treat nausea and vomiting in chemotherapy patients. However, current study and research revealed novel potentials of these ligands in other diseases like inflammation, Alzheimer's, and drug abuse. Towards utilising these drugs as anti-smoking agents to treat nicotine dependence problem, there are conflicting reports regarding the potential of these ligands in modulating the effects of nicotine in both human and animal behavioural studies. This is complicated by the heterogeneity of 5-HT3R itself, cross regulation between nicotinic acetylcholinergic receptor (nAChR) and distinct pharmacological profiles of 5-HT3R antagonists. This review gathered existing studies conducted investigating the potential of "-setron" class of 5-HT3R antagonists in modulating nicotine effects. We proposed that the mechanism where 5-HT3R antagonists mediate the effects of nicotine could be attributed by both direct at 5-HT3R and indirect mechanism in nicotine addiction downstream regulation. The indirect mechanism mediated by the 5-HT3R antagonist could be through α7 nAChR, 5-HT1B receptor (5-HT1BR), 5-HT1C receptor (5-HT1CR), calcineurin activity, p38 MAPK level, PPAR-γ and NF-κβ. Our review suggested that future studies should focus on newer 5-HT3R antagonist with superior pharmacological profile or the one with multitarget action rather than high selectivity at single receptor.
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216
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Choueiry J, Blais CM, Shah D, Smith D, Fisher D, Labelle A, Knott V. Combining CDP-choline and galantamine, an optimized α7 nicotinic strategy, to ameliorate sensory gating to speech stimuli in schizophrenia. Int J Psychophysiol 2019; 145:70-82. [PMID: 30790597 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2019.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Revised: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Neural α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) expression and functioning deficits have been extensively associated with cognitive and early sensory gating (SG) impairments in schizophrenia (SCZ) patients and their relatives. SG, the suppression of irrelevant and redundant stimuli, is measured in a conditioning-testing (S1-S2) paradigm eliciting electroencephalography-derived P50 event-related potentials (ERPs), the S2 amplitudes of which are typically suppressed relative to S1. Despite extensive reports of nicotine-related improvements and several decades of research, an efficient nicotinic treatment has yet to be approved for SCZ. Following reports of SG improvements in low P50 suppressing SCZ patients and healthy participants with the α7 agonist, CDP-choline, this pilot study examined the combined modulatory effect of CDP-choline (500 mg) and galantamine (16 mg), a nAChR positive allosteric modulator and acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, on SG to speech stimuli in twenty-four SCZ patients in a randomized, double-blind and placebo-controlled design. As expected, in low P50 suppressors CDP-choline/galantamine (vs. Placebo) improved rP50 and dP50 scores by increasing inhibitory mechanisms as reflected by S2P50 amplitude reductions. Results also suggest a moderating role for auditory verbal hallucinations in treatment response. These preliminary findings provide supportive evidence for the involvement of α7 nAChR activity in speech gating in SCZ and support additional trials, examining different dose combinations and repeated doses of this optimized and personalized targeted α7 cholinergic treatment for SG dysfunction in subgroups of SCZ patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joelle Choueiry
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Crystal M Blais
- Institute of Cognitive Science, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Dhrasti Shah
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Dylan Smith
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Derek Fisher
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, Mount Saint Vincent University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Alain Labelle
- The Royal Ottawa Mental Health Centre, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Verner Knott
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada; Institute of Cognitive Science, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada; School of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada; Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, Mount Saint Vincent University, Halifax, NS, Canada; The Royal Ottawa Mental Health Centre, Ottawa, ON, Canada; University of Ottawa Institute of Mental Health Research, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
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217
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Villa C, Colombo G, Meneghini S, Gotti C, Moretti M, Ferini-Strambi L, Chisci E, Giovannoni R, Becchetti A, Combi R. CHRNA2 and Nocturnal Frontal Lobe Epilepsy: Identification and Characterization of a Novel Loss of Function Mutation. Front Mol Neurosci 2019; 12:17. [PMID: 30809122 PMCID: PMC6379349 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2019.00017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in genes coding for subunits of the neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) have been involved in familial sleep-related hypermotor epilepsy (also named autosomal dominant nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy, ADNFLE). Most of these mutations reside in CHRNA4 and CHRNB2 genes, coding for the α4 and β2 nAChR subunits, respectively. Two mutations with contrasting functional effects were also identified in the CHRNA2 gene coding for the α2 subunit. Here, we report the third mutation in the CHRNA2, found in a patient showing ADNFLE. The patient was examined by scalp EEG, contrast-enhanced brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and nocturnal video-polysomnographic recording. All exons and the exon-intron boundaries of CHRNA2, CHRNA4, CHRNB2, CRH, KCNT1 were amplified and Sanger sequenced. In the proband, we found a c.754T>C (p.Tyr252His) missense mutation located in the N-terminal ligand-binding domain and inherited from the mother. Functional studies were performed by transient co-expression of α2 and α2Tyr252His, with either β2 or β4, in human embryonic kidney (HEK293) cells. Equimolar amounts of subunits expression were obtained by using F2A-based multi-cistronic constructs encoding for the genes relative to the nAChR subunits of interest and for the enhanced green fluorescent protein. The mutation reduced the maximal currents by approximately 80% in response to saturating concentrations of nicotine in homo- and heterozygous form, in both the α2β4 and α2β2 nAChR subtypes. The effect was accompanied by a strong right-shift of the concentration-response to nicotine. Similar effects were observed using ACh. Negligible effects were produced by α2Tyr252His on the current reversal potential. Moreover, binding of (±)-[3H]Epibatidine revealed an approximately 10-fold decrease of both Kd and Bmax (bound ligand in saturating conditions), in cells expressing α2Tyr252His. The reduced Bmax and whole-cell currents were not caused by a decrease in mutant receptor expression, as minor effects were produced by α2Tyr252His on the level of transcripts and the membrane expression of α2β4 nAChR. Overall, these results suggest that α2Tyr252His strongly reduced the number of channels bound to the agonist, without significantly altering the overall channel expression. We conclude that mutations in CHRNA2 are more commonly linked to ADNFLE than previously thought, and may cause a loss-of-function phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Villa
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano - Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Giulia Colombo
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano - Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Simone Meneghini
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano - Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Milena Moretti
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Luigi Ferini-Strambi
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Sleep Disorders Center, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisa Chisci
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano - Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Roberto Giovannoni
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano - Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Andrea Becchetti
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano - Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Romina Combi
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano - Bicocca, Monza, Italy
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218
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Iha HA, Kunisawa N, Shimizu S, Onishi M, Nomura Y, Matsubara N, Iwai C, Ogawa M, Hashimura M, Sato K, Kato M, Ohno Y. Mechanism Underlying Organophosphate Paraoxon-Induced Kinetic Tremor. Neurotox Res 2019; 35:575-583. [DOI: 10.1007/s12640-019-0007-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Revised: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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219
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Bali ZK, Bruszt N, Tadepalli SA, Csurgyók R, Nagy LV, Tompa M, Hernádi I. Cognitive Enhancer Effects of Low Memantine Doses Are Facilitated by an Alpha7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Agonist in Scopolamine-Induced Amnesia in Rats. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:73. [PMID: 30804787 PMCID: PMC6371842 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) play an important role in learning and memory and are promising targets for pharmacological cognitive enhancement. Memantine, an approved substance for Alzheimer's disease treatment, is an antagonist of the N-Methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) and also acts as an alpha7 nAChR antagonist. Here, we tested the interaction between an alpha7 nAChR agonist (PHA-543613) and memantine. Efficacy of memantine, PHA-543613, and their co-administration were investigated on the spatial working memory of rats using the spontaneous alternation paradigm in T-maze. Scopolamine-induced transient amnesia was used to model cognitive impairment. First, the dose-response relationship was assessed for memantine, and its lowest effective dose was found to be 0.1 mg/kg. Then, co-administration treatments with subeffective doses of the alpha7 nAChR agonist PHA-543613 and different doses of memantine were tested. The co-administration of subeffective drug doses significantly improved memory performance of the rats and reversed scopolamine-induced deficits. Interestingly, a higher than effective (0.3 mg/kg) dose of memantine did not increase performance in monotreatment, only in co-administration with PHA-543613. However, the co-administration of PHA-543613 did not further increase the efficacy of the previously effective monotreatment doses of memantine. Thus, the efficacy of memantine monotreatment and its co-administration with PHA-543613 converged to create a common ceiling effect, with an additive interaction found in the behavioral effects. These results suggest that memantine and PHA-543613 may exert their cognitive enhancer effects on the same target, possibly on the alpha7 nAChRs. Results also suggest possible benefits of a combination therapy with memantine and alpha7 nAChR agonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsolt Kristóf Bali
- Department of Experimental Zoology and Neurobiology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
- János Szentágothai Research Center, Center for Neuroscience, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
- Institute of Physiology, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Nóra Bruszt
- János Szentágothai Research Center, Center for Neuroscience, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
- Institute of Physiology, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Sai Ambika Tadepalli
- Department of Experimental Zoology and Neurobiology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
- János Szentágothai Research Center, Center for Neuroscience, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Roland Csurgyók
- Department of Experimental Zoology and Neurobiology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
- János Szentágothai Research Center, Center for Neuroscience, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Lili Veronika Nagy
- Department of Experimental Zoology and Neurobiology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
- János Szentágothai Research Center, Center for Neuroscience, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Márton Tompa
- Department of Experimental Zoology and Neurobiology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
- János Szentágothai Research Center, Center for Neuroscience, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - István Hernádi
- Department of Experimental Zoology and Neurobiology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
- János Szentágothai Research Center, Center for Neuroscience, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
- Institute of Physiology, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
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220
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Pedersen JE, Bergqvist CA, Larhammar D. Evolution of vertebrate nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. BMC Evol Biol 2019; 19:38. [PMID: 30700248 PMCID: PMC6354393 DOI: 10.1186/s12862-018-1341-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Many physiological processes are influenced by nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChR), ranging from neuromuscular and parasympathetic signaling to modulation of the reward system and long-term memory. Due to the complexity of the nAChR family and variable evolutionary rates among its members, their evolution in vertebrates has been difficult to resolve. In order to understand how and when the nAChR genes arose, we have used a broad approach of analyses combining sequence-based phylogeny, chromosomal synteny and intron positions. Results Our analyses suggest that there were ten subunit genes present in the vertebrate predecessor. The two basal vertebrate tetraploidizations (1R and 2R) then expanded this set to 19 genes. Three of these have been lost in mammals, resulting in 16 members today. None of the ten ancestral genes have kept all four copies after 2R. Following 2R, two of the ancestral genes became triplicates, five of them became pairs, and three seem to have remained single genes. One triplet consists of CHRNA7, CHRNA8 and the previously undescribed CHRNA11, of which the two latter have been lost in mammals but are still present in lizards and ray-finned fishes. The other triplet consists of CHRNB2, CHRNB4 and CHRNB5, the latter of which has also been lost in mammals. In ray-finned fish the neuromuscular subunit gene CHRNB1 underwent a local gene duplication generating CHRNB1.2. The third tetraploidization in the predecessor of teleosts (3R) expanded the repertoire to a total of 31 genes, of which 27 remain in zebrafish. These evolutionary relationships are supported by the exon-intron organization of the genes. Conclusion The tetraploidizations explain all gene duplication events in vertebrates except two. This indicates that the genome doublings have had a substantial impact on the complexity of this gene family leading to a very large number of members that have existed for hundreds of millions of years. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12862-018-1341-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia E Pedersen
- Department of Neuroscience, Unit of Pharmacology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 593, SE-751 24, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Christina A Bergqvist
- Department of Neuroscience, Unit of Pharmacology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 593, SE-751 24, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Dan Larhammar
- Department of Neuroscience, Unit of Pharmacology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 593, SE-751 24, Uppsala, Sweden.
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221
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Therapeutic Effect of Agmatine on Neurological Disease: Focus on Ion Channels and Receptors. Neurochem Res 2019; 44:735-750. [PMID: 30610652 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-018-02712-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Revised: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The central nervous system (CNS) is the most injury-prone part of the mammalian body. Any acute or chronic, central or peripheral neurological disorder is related to abnormal biochemical and electrical signals in the brain cells. As a result, ion channels and receptors that are abundant in the nervous system and control the electrical and biochemical environment of the CNS play a vital role in neurological disease. The N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor, 2-amino-3-(5-methyl-3-oxo-1,2-oxazol-4-yl) propanoic acid receptor, kainate receptor, acetylcholine receptor, serotonin receptor, α2-adrenoreceptor, and acid-sensing ion channels are among the major channels and receptors known to be key components of pathophysiological events in the CNS. The primary amine agmatine, a neuromodulator synthesized in the brain by decarboxylation of L-arginine, can regulate ion channel cascades and receptors that are related to the major CNS disorders. In our previous studies, we established that agmatine was related to the regulation of cell differentiation, nitric oxide synthesis, and murine brain endothelial cell migration, relief of chronic pain, cerebral edema, and apoptotic cell death in experimental CNS disorders. In this review, we will focus on the pathophysiological aspects of the neurological disorders regulated by these ion channels and receptors, and their interaction with agmatine in CNS injury.
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222
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Nicotine modulates the facial stimulation-evoked responses in cerebellar granule cell layer in vivo in mice. Eur J Pharmacol 2019; 843:126-133. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2018.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Revised: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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223
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Fowler CD, Turner JR, Imad Damaj M. Molecular Mechanisms Associated with Nicotine Pharmacology and Dependence. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2019; 258:373-393. [PMID: 31267166 DOI: 10.1007/164_2019_252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Tobacco dependence is a leading cause of preventable disease and death worldwide. Nicotine, the main psychoactive component in tobacco cigarettes, has also been garnering increased popularity in its vaporized form, as derived from e-cigarette devices. Thus, an understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying nicotine pharmacology and dependence is required to ascertain novel approaches to treat drug dependence. In this chapter, we review the field's current understanding of nicotine's actions in the brain, the neurocircuitry underlying drug dependence, factors that modulate the function of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, and the role of specific genes in mitigating the vulnerability to develop nicotine dependence. In addition to nicotine's direct actions in the brain, other constituents in nicotine and tobacco products have also been found to alter drug use, and thus, evidence is provided to highlight this issue. Finally, currently available pharmacotherapeutic strategies are discussed, along with an outlook for future therapeutic directions to achieve to the goal of long-term nicotine cessation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christie D Fowler
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Jill R Turner
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - M Imad Damaj
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA. .,Translational Research Initiative for Pain and Neuropathy at VCU, Richmond, VA, USA.
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224
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O'Reilly C, Chapotot F, Pittau F, Mella N, Picard F. Nicotine increases sleep spindle activity. J Sleep Res 2018; 28:e12800. [PMID: 30565327 DOI: 10.1111/jsr.12800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Revised: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Studies have shown that both nicotine and sleep spindles are associated with enhanced memorisation. Further, a few recent studies have shown how cholinergic input through nicotinic and muscarinic receptors can trigger or modulate sleep processes in general, and sleep spindles in particular. To better understand the interaction between nicotine and sleep spindles, we compared in a single blind randomised study the characteristics of sleep spindles in 10 healthy participants recorded for 2 nights, one with a nicotine patch and one with a sham patch. We investigated differences in sleep spindle duration, amplitude, intra-spindle oscillation frequency and density (i.e. spindles per min). We found that under nicotine, spindles are more numerous (average increase: 0.057 spindles per min; 95% confidence interval: [0.025-0.089]; p = .0004), have higher amplitude (average amplification: 0.260 μV; confidence interval: [0.119-0.402]; p = .0032) and last longer (average lengthening: 0.025 s; confidence interval: [0.017-0.032]; p = 2.7e-11). These results suggest that nicotine can increase spindle activity by acting on nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, and offer an attractive hypothesis for common mechanisms that may support memorisation improvements previously reported to be associated with nicotine and sleep spindles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian O'Reilly
- Blue Brain Project, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Campus Biotech, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - Francesca Pittau
- Department of Neurology, Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Nathalie Mella
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Fabienne Picard
- Department of Neurology, Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland
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225
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Krueger J, Disney AA. Structure and function of dual-source cholinergic modulation in early vision. J Comp Neurol 2018; 527:738-750. [PMID: 30520037 DOI: 10.1002/cne.24590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Revised: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Behavioral states such as arousal and attention have profound effects on sensory processing, determining how-even whether-a stimulus is perceived. This state-dependence is believed to arise, at least in part, in response to inputs from subcortical structures that release neuromodulators such as acetylcholine, often nonsynaptically. The mechanisms that underlie the interaction between these nonsynaptic signals and the more point-to-point synaptic cortical circuitry are not well understood. This review highlights the state of the field, with a focus on cholinergic action in early visual processing. Key anatomical and physiological features of both the cholinergic and the visual systems are discussed. Furthermore, presenting evidence of cholinergic modulation in visual thalamus and primary visual cortex, we explore potential functional roles of acetylcholine and its effects on the processing of visual input over the sleep-wake cycle, sensory gain control during wakefulness, and consider evidence for cholinergic support of visual attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliane Krueger
- Department of Neurobiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Anita A Disney
- Department of Neurobiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
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226
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Rodrigues FS, de Zorzi VN, Funghetto MP, Haupental F, Cardoso AS, Marchesan S, Cardoso AM, Schinger MRC, Machado AK, da Cruz IBM, Duarte MMMF, Xavier LL, Furian AF, Oliveira MS, Santos ARS, Royes LFF, Fighera MR. Involvement of the Cholinergic Parameters and Glial Cells in Learning Delay Induced by Glutaric Acid: Protection by N-Acetylcysteine. Mol Neurobiol 2018; 56:4945-4959. [PMID: 30421167 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-018-1395-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Dysfunction of basal ganglia neurons is a characteristic of glutaric acidemia type I (GA-I), an autosomal recessive inherited neurometabolic disease characterized by deficiency of glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase (GCDH) and accumulation of glutaric acid (GA). The affected patients present clinical manifestations such as motor dysfunction and memory impairment followed by extensive striatal neurodegeneration. Knowing that there is relevant striatal dysfunction in GA-I, the purpose of the present study was to verify the performance of young rats chronically injected with GA in working and procedural memory test, and whether N-acetylcysteine (NAC) would protect against impairment induced by GA. Rat pups were injected with GA (5 μmol g body weight-1, subcutaneously; twice per day; from the 5th to the 28th day of life) and were supplemented with NAC (150 mg/kg/day; intragastric gavage; for the same period). We found that GA injection caused delay procedural learning; increase of cytokine concentration, oxidative markers, and caspase levels; decrease of antioxidant defenses; and alteration of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity. Interestingly, we found an increase in glial cell immunoreactivity and decrease in the immunoreactivity of nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha 7 (α7nAChR), and neuronal nuclei (NeuN) in the striatum. Indeed, NAC administration improved the cognitive performance, ROS production, neuroinflammation, and caspase activation induced by GA. NAC did not prevent neuronal death, however protected against alterations induced by GA on Iba-1 and GFAP immunoreactivities and AChE activity. Then, this study suggests possible therapeutic strategies that could help in GA-I treatment and the importance of the striatum in the learning tasks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Silva Rodrigues
- Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Departamento de Neuropsiquiatria, Laboratório de Neuropsiquiatria Experimental e Clínico, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
- Centro de Educação Física e Desportos, Departamento de Métodos e Técnicas Desportivas, Laboratório de Bioquímica do Exercício (BIOEX), Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
- Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Laboratório de Neurobiologia da Dor e Inflamação, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
- Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurociências, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Viviane Nogueira de Zorzi
- Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Departamento de Neuropsiquiatria, Laboratório de Neuropsiquiatria Experimental e Clínico, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
- Centro de Educação Física e Desportos, Departamento de Métodos e Técnicas Desportivas, Laboratório de Bioquímica do Exercício (BIOEX), Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Marla Parizzi Funghetto
- Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Departamento de Neuropsiquiatria, Laboratório de Neuropsiquiatria Experimental e Clínico, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
- Centro de Educação Física e Desportos, Departamento de Métodos e Técnicas Desportivas, Laboratório de Bioquímica do Exercício (BIOEX), Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Haupental
- Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Departamento de Neuropsiquiatria, Laboratório de Neuropsiquiatria Experimental e Clínico, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
- Centro de Educação Física e Desportos, Departamento de Métodos e Técnicas Desportivas, Laboratório de Bioquímica do Exercício (BIOEX), Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Alexandra Seide Cardoso
- Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Departamento de Neuropsiquiatria, Laboratório de Neuropsiquiatria Experimental e Clínico, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
- Centro de Educação Física e Desportos, Departamento de Métodos e Técnicas Desportivas, Laboratório de Bioquímica do Exercício (BIOEX), Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Sara Marchesan
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Andréia M Cardoso
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Maria Rosa C Schinger
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Alencar Kolinski Machado
- Centro de Ciências da Saúde Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia, Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Ivana Beatrice Mânica da Cruz
- Centro de Ciências da Saúde Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia, Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Marta Maria Medeiros Frescura Duarte
- Centro de Ciências da Saúde Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia, Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Léder L Xavier
- Faculdade de Biociências, Laboratório Central de Microscopia e Microanálise, Departamento de Ciências Fisiológica, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, 90610-000, Brazil
| | - Ana Flavia Furian
- Centro de Ciências da Saúde Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia, Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Mauro Schneider Oliveira
- Centro de Ciências da Saúde Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia, Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Adair Roberto Soares Santos
- Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Laboratório de Neurobiologia da Dor e Inflamação, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
- Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurociências, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Luiz Fernando Freire Royes
- Centro de Educação Física e Desportos, Departamento de Métodos e Técnicas Desportivas, Laboratório de Bioquímica do Exercício (BIOEX), Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
- Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurociências, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
- Centro de Ciências da Saúde Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia, Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Michele Rechia Fighera
- Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Departamento de Neuropsiquiatria, Laboratório de Neuropsiquiatria Experimental e Clínico, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil.
- Centro de Educação Física e Desportos, Departamento de Métodos e Técnicas Desportivas, Laboratório de Bioquímica do Exercício (BIOEX), Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
- Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurociências, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil.
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil.
- Centro de Ciências da Saúde Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia, Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil.
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Inhibition of N-acylethanolamine acid amidase reduces nicotine-induced dopamine activation and reward. Neuropharmacology 2018; 144:327-336. [PMID: 30439418 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2018.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Revised: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Tobacco smoke is the leading preventable cause of death in the world and treatments aimed to increase success rate in smoking cessation by reducing nicotine dependence are sought. Activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha (PPARα) by synthetic or endogenous agonists was shown to suppress nicotine-induced activation of mesolimbic dopamine system, one of the major neurobiological substrates of nicotine dependence, and nicotine-seeking behavior in rats and monkeys. An alternative indirect way to activate PPARα is inhibition of N-acylethanolamine acid amidase (NAAA), one of the major hydrolyzing enzyme for its endogenous agonists palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) and oleoylethanolamide (OEA). We synthetized a novel specific brain permeable NAAA inhibitor, AM11095. We administered AM11095 to rats and carried out brain lipid analysis, a functional observational battery (FOB) to assess toxicity, in vivo electrophysiological recording from dopamine cells in the ventral tegmental area, brain microdialysis in the nucleus accumbens shell and behavioral experiments to assess its effect on nicotine -induced conditioned place preference (CPP). AM11095 (5 and 25 mg/kg, i.p.) was devoid of neurotoxic and behavioral effects and did not affect motor behavior and coordination. This NAAA inhibitor (5 mg/kg i.p.) increased OEA and PEA levels in the hippocampus and cortex, prevented nicotine-induced activation of mesolimbic dopamine neurons in the ventral tegmental area, nicotine-induced elevation of dopamine levels in the nucleus accumbens shell and decreased the expression of nicotine CPP. Our results indicate that NAAA inhibitors represent a new class of pharmacological tools to modulate brain PEA/PPARα signalling and show potential in the treatment of nicotine dependence.
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228
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Mulcahy MJ, Paulo JA, Hawrot E. Proteomic Investigation of Murine Neuronal α7-Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Interacting Proteins. J Proteome Res 2018; 17:3959-3975. [PMID: 30285449 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.8b00618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The α7-nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7-nAChR) is a ligand-gated ion channel that is expressed widely in vertebrates and is the principal high-affinity α-bungarotoxin (α-bgtx) binding protein in the mammalian CNS. α7-nAChRs associate with proteins that can modulate its properties. The α7-nAChR interactome is the summation of proteins interacting or associating with α7-nAChRs in a protein complex. To identify an α7-nAChR interactome in neural tissue, we isolated α-bgtx-affinity protein complexes from wild-type and α7-nAChR knockout (α7 KO) mouse whole brain tissue homogenates using α-bgtx-affinity beads. Affinity precipitated proteins were trypsinized and analyzed with an Orbitrap Fusion mass spectrometer. Proteins isolated with the α7-nAChR specific ligand, α-bgtx, were determined to be α7-nAChR associated proteins. The α7-nAChR subunit and 120 additional proteins were identified. Additionally, 369 proteins were identified as binding to α-bgtx in the absence of α7-nAChR expression, thereby identifying nonspecific proteins for α7-nAChR investigations using α-bgtx enrichment. These results expand on our previous investigations of α7-nAChR interacting proteins using α-bgtx-affinity bead isolation by controlling for differences between α7-nAChR and α-bgtx-specific proteins, developing an improved protein isolation methodology, and incorporating the latest technology in mass spectrometry. The α7-nAChR interactome identified in this study includes proteins associated with the expression, localization, function, or modulation of α7-nAChRs, and it provides a foundation for future studies to elucidate how these interactions contribute to human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Mulcahy
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering , California Institute of Technology , 1200 East California Boulevard , Pasadena , California 91125-2900 , United States.,Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Physiology and Biotechnology , Brown University , Providence , Rhode Island 02912 , United States
| | - Joao A Paulo
- Department of Cell Biology , Harvard Medical School , 240 Longwood Avenue , Boston , Massachusetts 02115 , United States
| | - Edward Hawrot
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Physiology and Biotechnology , Brown University , Providence , Rhode Island 02912 , United States
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229
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Nakane S, Mukaino A, Higuchi O, Watari M, Maeda Y, Yamakawa M, Nakahara K, Takamatsu K, Matsuo H, Ando Y. Autoimmune autonomic ganglionopathy: an update on diagnosis and treatment. Expert Rev Neurother 2018; 18:953-965. [PMID: 30352532 DOI: 10.1080/14737175.2018.1540304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Autoimmune autonomic ganglionopathy (AAG) is an acquired immune-mediated disorder that leads to autonomic failure. The disorder is associated with autoantibodies to the ganglionic nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (gAChR). We subsequently reported that AAG is associated with an overrepresentation of psychiatric symptoms, sensory disturbance, autoimmune diseases, and endocrine disorders. Area covered: The aim of this review was to describe AAG and highlight its pivotal pathophysiological aspects, clinical features, laboratory examinations, and therapeutic options. Expert commentary: AAG is a complex neuroimmunological disease, these days considered as an autonomic failure with extra-autonomic manifestations (and various limited forms). Further comprehension of the pathophysiology of this disease is required, especially the mechanisms of the extra-autonomic manifestations should be elucidated. There is the possibility that the co-presence of antibodies that were directed against the other subunits in both the central and peripheral nAChRs in the serum of the AAG patients. Some patients improve with immunotherapies such as IVIg and/or corticosteroid and/or plasma exchange. 123I-MIBG myocardial scintigraphy may be a useful tool to monitor the therapeutic effects of immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunya Nakane
- a Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences , Kumamoto University , Kumamoto , Japan.,b Department of Molecular Neurology and Therapeutics , Kumamoto University Hospital , Kumamoto , Japan
| | - Akihiro Mukaino
- a Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences , Kumamoto University , Kumamoto , Japan.,b Department of Molecular Neurology and Therapeutics , Kumamoto University Hospital , Kumamoto , Japan
| | - Osamu Higuchi
- c Department of Neurology and Clinical Research , Nagasaki Kawatana Medical Center , Nagasaki , Japan
| | - Mari Watari
- a Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences , Kumamoto University , Kumamoto , Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Maeda
- c Department of Neurology and Clinical Research , Nagasaki Kawatana Medical Center , Nagasaki , Japan
| | - Makoto Yamakawa
- a Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences , Kumamoto University , Kumamoto , Japan
| | - Keiichi Nakahara
- a Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences , Kumamoto University , Kumamoto , Japan
| | - Koutaro Takamatsu
- a Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences , Kumamoto University , Kumamoto , Japan
| | - Hidenori Matsuo
- c Department of Neurology and Clinical Research , Nagasaki Kawatana Medical Center , Nagasaki , Japan
| | - Yukio Ando
- a Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences , Kumamoto University , Kumamoto , Japan
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230
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Xiao S, Wong NK, Li J, Lin Y, Zhang Y, Ma H, Mo R, Zhang Y, Yu Z. Analysis of in situ Transcriptomes Reveals Divergent Adaptive Response to Hyper- and Hypo-Salinity in the Hong Kong Oyster, Crassostrea hongkongensis. Front Physiol 2018; 9:1491. [PMID: 30416453 PMCID: PMC6212563 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Crassostrea hongkongensis, a commercially valuable aquaculture species dwelling in estuaries along the coast of the South China Sea, is remarkable for its eurysalinity traits that enable its successful colonization of diverse osmotic niches ranging from near freshwater to seawater. In order to elucidate how this oyster copes with coastal waters with immense salinity differences, we performed in situ transcriptomic analysis (RNA-seq) to characterize the global expression patterns of oysters distributed across naturally formed salinity gradients in Zhenhai Bay along the northern coast of the South China Sea. Principal component analysis reveals distinct expression profiles of oysters living in the extreme conditions of hypo-salinity and hyper-salinity. Compared with the situation of optimal salinity for oyster growth, hypo-salinity mainly regulated expression of genes involved in FoxO and oxytocin signaling, tight junction and several immune pathways, while hyper-salinity altered gene expression implicated in amino acid metabolism, AMPK and PI3K-AKt signaling pathways, demonstrating the complexity and plasticity of transcriptomic expression underpinning oyster eurysalinity. Furthermore, the expression patterns of several genes correlated with salinity gradients reveals the fine-tuned coordination of molecular networks necessary for adaptive homeostasis in C. hongkongensis. In conclusion, a striking capacity and distinct patterns of transcriptomic expression contribute to eurysalinity adaptation in C. hongkongensis, which provides new mechanistic insights into the adaptive plasticity and resilience of marine mollusks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Xiao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Nai-Kei Wong
- State Key Discipline of Infection Diseases, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jun Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yue Lin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuehuan Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haitao Ma
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Riguan Mo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ziniu Yu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
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231
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Fernandez SP, Broussot L, Marti F, Contesse T, Mouska X, Soiza-Reilly M, Marie H, Faure P, Barik J. Mesopontine cholinergic inputs to midbrain dopamine neurons drive stress-induced depressive-like behaviors. Nat Commun 2018; 9:4449. [PMID: 30361503 PMCID: PMC6202358 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-06809-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Stressful life events are primary environmental factors that markedly contribute to depression by triggering brain cellular maladaptations. Dysregulation of ventral tegmental area (VTA) dopamine neurons has been causally linked to the appearance of social withdrawal and anhedonia, two classical manifestations of depression. However, the relevant inputs that shape these dopamine signals remain largely unknown. We demonstrate that chronic social defeat (CSD) stress, a preclinical paradigm of depression, causes marked hyperactivity of laterodorsal tegmentum (LDTg) excitatory neurons that project to the VTA. Selective chemogenetic-mediated inhibition of cholinergic LDTg neurons prevent CSD-induced VTA DA neurons dysregulation and depressive-like behaviors. Pro-depressant outcomes are replicated by pairing activation of LDTg cholinergic terminals in the VTA with a moderate stress. Prevention of CSD outcomes are recapitulated by blocking corticotropin-releasing factor receptor 1 within the LDTg. These data uncover a neuro-circuitry of depressive-like disorders and demonstrate that stress, via a neuroendocrine signal, profoundly dysregulates the LDTg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian P Fernandez
- Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, 06560, France.
- Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire & Cellulaire, CNRS, UMR7275, Valbonne, France.
| | - Loïc Broussot
- Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, 06560, France
- Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire & Cellulaire, CNRS, UMR7275, Valbonne, France
| | - Fabio Marti
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, 75005, France
- Neurosciences Paris Seine, INSERM U1130, CNRS, UMR 8246, Paris, France
| | - Thomas Contesse
- Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, 06560, France
- Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire & Cellulaire, CNRS, UMR7275, Valbonne, France
| | - Xavier Mouska
- Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, 06560, France
- Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire & Cellulaire, CNRS, UMR7275, Valbonne, France
| | - Mariano Soiza-Reilly
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, 75005, France
- Institut du Fer à Moulin, INSERM, UMRS-839, Paris, France
| | - Hélène Marie
- Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, 06560, France
- Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire & Cellulaire, CNRS, UMR7275, Valbonne, France
| | - Philippe Faure
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, 75005, France
- Neurosciences Paris Seine, INSERM U1130, CNRS, UMR 8246, Paris, France
| | - Jacques Barik
- Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, 06560, France.
- Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire & Cellulaire, CNRS, UMR7275, Valbonne, France.
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232
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Gaidhani N, Uteshev VV. Treatment duration affects cytoprotective efficacy of positive allosteric modulation of α7 nAChRs after focal ischemia in rats. Pharmacol Res 2018; 136:121-132. [PMID: 30205140 PMCID: PMC6218269 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2018.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Revised: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 09/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
To minimize irreversible brain injury after acute ischemic stroke (AIS), the time to treatment (i.e., treatment delay) should be minimized. However, thus far, all cytoprotective clinical trials have failed. Analysis of literature identified short treatment durations (≤72 h) as a common motif among completed cytoprotective clinical trials. Here, we argue that short cytoprotective regimens even if given early after AIS may only slow down the evolution of ischemic brain injury and fail to deliver sustained long-term solutions leading to relapses that may be misinterpreted for conceptual failure of cytoprotection. In this randomized blinded study, we used young adult male rats subjected to transient 90 min suture middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) and treated with acute vs. sub-chronic regimens of PNU120596, a prototypical positive allosteric modulator of α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors with anti-inflammatory cytoprotective properties to test the hypothesis that insufficient treatment durations may reduce therapeutic benefits of otherwise efficacious cytoprotectants after AIS. A single acute treatment 90 min after MCAO significantly reduced brain injury and neurological deficits 24 h later, but these effects vanished 72 h after MCAO. These relapses were avoided by utilizing sub-chronic treatments. Thus, extending treatment duration augments therapeutic efficacy of PNU120596 after MCAO. Furthermore, sub-chronic treatments could offset the negative effects of prolonged treatment delays in cases where the acute treatment window after MCAO was left unexploited. We conclude that a combination of short treatment delays and prolonged treatment durations may be required to maximize therapeutic effects of PNU120596, reduce relapses and ensure sustained therapeutic efficacy after AIS. Similar concepts may hold for other cytoprotectants including those that failed in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikhil Gaidhani
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center, 3500 Camp Bowie Blvd., Fort Worth, TX 76107, United States
| | - Victor V Uteshev
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center, 3500 Camp Bowie Blvd., Fort Worth, TX 76107, United States.
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Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of 1,4-Diazobicylco[3.2.2]nonane derivatives as α7-Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor PET/CT imaging agents and agonists for Alzheimer's disease. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 159:255-266. [PMID: 30296684 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.09.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Revised: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
α7-Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7-nAChR) agonists are promising therapeutic drug candidates for treating the cognitive impairment associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Thus, a novel class of derivatives of 1,4-diazobicylco[3.2.2]nonane has been synthesized and evaluated as α7-nAChR ligands. Five of them displayed high binding affinity (Ki = 0.001-25 nM). In particular, the Ki of 14 was 0.0069 nM, which is superior to that of the most potent ligand that was previously reported by an order of magnitude. Four of them had high selectivity for α7-nAChRs over α4β2-nAChRs and no significant hERG (human ether-a-go-go-related gene) inhibition. Their agonist activity was also discussed preliminarily. One of the compounds, 15 (Ki = 2.98 ± 1.41 nM), was further radiolabeled with 18F to afford [18F]15 for PET imaging, which exhibited high initial brain uptake (11.60 ± 0.14%ID/g at 15 min post injection), brain/blood value (9.57 at 30 min post injection), specific labeling of α7-nAChRs and fast clearance from the brain. Blocking studies demonstrated that [18F]15 was α7-nAChR selective. In addition, micro-PET/CT imaging in normal rats further indicated that [18F]15 had obvious accumulation in the brain. Therefore, [18F]15 was proved to be a potential PET radiotracer for α7-nAChR imaging.
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234
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Sharma R, Razdan K, Bansal Y, Kuhad A. Rollercoaster ride of kynurenines: steering the wheel towards neuroprotection in Alzheimer's disease. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2018; 22:849-867. [PMID: 30223691 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2018.1524877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Alzheimer's disease (AD) is associated with cerebral cognitive deficits exhibiting two cardinal hallmarks: accruement of extracellular amyloid plaques and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles composed of hyperphosphorylated tau protein. The currently accessible therapeutic armamentarium merely provides symptomatic relief. Therefore, the cry for prospective neuroprotective strategies seems to be the need of the hour. Areas covered: This review comprehensively establishes correlation between kynurenine pathway (KP) metabolites and AD with major emphasis on its two functionally contrasting neuroactive metabolites i.e. kynurenic acid (KYNA) and quinolinic acid (QUIN) and enlists various clinical studies which hold a potential for future therapeutics in AD. Also, major hypotheses of AD and mechanisms underlying them have been scrutinized with the aim to brush up the readers with basic pathology of AD. Expert opinion: KP is unique in itself as it holds two completely different domains i.e. neurotoxic QUIN and neuroprotective KYNA and disrupted equilibrium between the two has a hand in neurodegeneration. KYNA has long been demonstrated to be neuroprotective but lately being disparaged for cognitive side effects. But we blaze a trail by amalgamating the pharmacological mechanistic studies of KYNA in kinship with α7nAChRs, NMDARs and GABA which lends aid in favour of KA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radhika Sharma
- a Pharmacology Research Laboratory , University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UGC-Centre of Advanced Study, Panjab University , Chandigarh , India
| | - Karan Razdan
- b Pharmaceutics division , University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UGC-Centre of Advanced Study, Panjab University , Chandigarh , India
| | - Yashika Bansal
- a Pharmacology Research Laboratory , University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UGC-Centre of Advanced Study, Panjab University , Chandigarh , India
| | - Anurag Kuhad
- a Pharmacology Research Laboratory , University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UGC-Centre of Advanced Study, Panjab University , Chandigarh , India
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235
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Hone AJ, Talley TT, Bobango J, Huidobro Melo C, Hararah F, Gajewiak J, Christensen S, Harvey PJ, Craik DJ, McIntosh JM. Molecular determinants of α-conotoxin potency for inhibition of human and rat α6β4 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:17838-17852. [PMID: 30249616 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.005649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Revised: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) containing α6 and β4 subunits are expressed by dorsal root ganglion neurons and have been implicated in neuropathic pain. Rodent models are often used to evaluate the efficacy of analgesic compounds, but species differences may affect the activity of some nAChR ligands. A previous candidate α-conotoxin-based therapeutic yielded promising results in rodent models, but failed in human clinical trials, emphasizing the importance of understanding species differences in ligand activity. Here, we show that human and rat α6/α3β4 nAChRs expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes exhibit differential sensitivity to α-conotoxins. Sequence homology comparisons of human and rat α6β4 nAChR subunits indicated that α6 residues forming the ligand-binding pocket are highly conserved between the two species, but several residues of β4 differed, including a Leu-Gln difference at position 119. X-ray crystallography of α-conotoxin PeIA complexed with the Aplysia californica acetylcholine-binding protein (AChBP) revealed that binding of PeIA orients Pro13 in close proximity to residue 119 of the AChBP complementary subunit. Site-directed mutagenesis studies revealed that Leu119 of human β4 contributes to higher sensitivity of human α6/α3β4 nAChRs to α-conotoxins, and structure-activity studies indicated that PeIA Pro13 is critical for high potency. Human and rat α6/α3β4 nAChRs displayed differential sensitivities to perturbations of the interaction between PeIA Pro13 and residue 119 of the β4 subunit. These results highlight the potential significance of species differences in α6β4 nAChR pharmacology that should be taken into consideration when evaluating the activity of candidate human therapeutics in rodent models.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Janet Bobango
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, Montana 59812
| | | | | | | | | | - Peta J Harvey
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - David J Craik
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - J Michael McIntosh
- From the Departments of Biology; Psychiatry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112; George E. Whalen Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Salt Lake City, Utah 84148.
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236
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Startek JB, Voets T, Talavera K. To flourish or perish: evolutionary TRiPs into the sensory biology of plant-herbivore interactions. Pflugers Arch 2018; 471:213-236. [PMID: 30229297 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-018-2205-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Revised: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The interactions between plants and their herbivores are highly complex systems generating on one side an extraordinary diversity of plant protection mechanisms and on the other side sophisticated consumer feeding strategies. Herbivores have evolved complex, integrative sensory systems that allow them to distinguish between food sources having mere bad flavors from the actually toxic ones. These systems are based on the senses of taste, olfaction and somatosensation in the oral and nasal cavities, and on post-ingestive chemosensory mechanisms. The potential ability of plant defensive chemical traits to induce tissue damage in foragers is mainly encoded in the latter through chemesthetic sensations such as burning, pain, itch, irritation, tingling, and numbness, all of which induce innate aversive behavioral responses. Here, we discuss the involvement of transient receptor potential (TRP) channels in the chemosensory mechanisms that are at the core of complex and fascinating plant-herbivore ecological networks. We review how "sensory" TRPs are activated by a myriad of plant-derived compounds, leading to cation influx, membrane depolarization, and excitation of sensory nerve fibers of the oronasal cavities in mammals and bitter-sensing cells in insects. We also illustrate how TRP channel expression patterns and functionalities vary between species, leading to intriguing evolutionary adaptations to the specific habitats and life cycles of individual organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justyna B Startek
- Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, Campus Gasthuisberg O&N1 bus 802, 3000, Leuven, Belgium. .,VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Thomas Voets
- Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, Campus Gasthuisberg O&N1 bus 802, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.,VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Karel Talavera
- Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, Campus Gasthuisberg O&N1 bus 802, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.,VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
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237
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Liu W, Li MD. Insights Into Nicotinic Receptor Signaling in Nicotine Addiction: Implications for Prevention and Treatment. Curr Neuropharmacol 2018; 16:350-370. [PMID: 28762314 PMCID: PMC6018190 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x15666170801103009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2017] [Revised: 06/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) belong to the Cys-loop ligandgated ion-channel (LGIC) superfamily, which also includes the GABA, glycine, and serotonin receptors. Many nAChR subunits have been identified and shown to be involved in signal transduction on binding to them of either the neurotransmitter acetylcholine or exogenous ligands such as nicotine. The nAChRs are pentameric assemblies of homologous subunits surrounding a central pore that gates cation flux, and they are expressed at neuromuscular junctions throughout the nervous system. METHODS AND RESULTS Because different nAChR subunits assemble into a variety of pharmacologically distinct receptor subtypes, and different nAChRs are implicated in various physiological functions and pathophysiological conditions, nAChRs represent potential molecular targets for drug addiction and medical therapeutic research. This review intends to provide insights into recent advances in nAChR signaling, considering the subtypes and subunits of nAChRs and their roles in nicotinic cholinergic systems, including structure, diversity, functional allosteric modulation, targeted knockout mutations, and rare variations of specific subunits, and the potency and functional effects of mutations by focusing on their effects on nicotine addiction (NA) and smoking cessation (SC). Furthermore, we review the possible mechanisms of action of nAChRs in NA and SC based on our current knowledge. CONCLUSION Understanding these cellular and molecular mechanisms will lead to better translational and therapeutic operations and outcomes for the prevention and treatment of NA and other drug addictions, as well as chronic diseases, such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's. Finally, we put forward some suggestions and recommendations for therapy and treatment of NA and other chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wuyi Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,School of Biological Sciences and Food Engineering, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang, Anuhi 236041, China
| | - Ming D Li
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Research Center for Air Pollution and Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of NeuroImmune Pharmacology, Seton Hall University, South Orange, NJ, United States
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238
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Zoli M, Pucci S, Vilella A, Gotti C. Neuronal and Extraneuronal Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors. Curr Neuropharmacol 2018; 16:338-349. [PMID: 28901280 PMCID: PMC6018187 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x15666170912110450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Revised: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 09/03/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) belong to a super-family of Cys-loop ligand-gated ion chan-nels that respond to endogenous acetylcholine (ACh) or other cholinergic ligands. These receptors are also the targets of drugs such as nicotine (the main addictive agent delivered by cigarette smoke) and are involved in a variety of physiological and pathophysiological processes. Numerous studies have shown that the expression and/or function of nAChRs is com-promised in many neurological and psychiatric diseases. Furthermore, recent studies have shown that neuronal nAChRs are found in a large number of non-neuronal cell types in-cluding endothelial cells, glia, immune cells, lung epithelia and cancer cells where they regulate cell differentiation, prolifera-tion and inflammatory responses. The aim of this review is to describe the most recent findings concerning the structure and function of native nAChRs inside and outside the nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Zoli
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, Center for Neuroscience and Neurotechnology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Susanna Pucci
- CNR, Neuroscience Institute-Milano, Biometra University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Antonietta Vilella
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, Center for Neuroscience and Neurotechnology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Cecilia Gotti
- CNR, Neuroscience Institute-Milano, Biometra University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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239
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Solari N, Hangya B. Cholinergic modulation of spatial learning, memory and navigation. Eur J Neurosci 2018; 48:2199-2230. [PMID: 30055067 PMCID: PMC6174978 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.14089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Revised: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Spatial learning, including encoding and retrieval of spatial memories as well as holding spatial information in working memory generally serving navigation under a broad range of circumstances, relies on a network of structures. While central to this network are medial temporal lobe structures with a widely appreciated crucial function of the hippocampus, neocortical areas such as the posterior parietal cortex and the retrosplenial cortex also play essential roles. Since the hippocampus receives its main subcortical input from the medial septum of the basal forebrain (BF) cholinergic system, it is not surprising that the potential role of the septo-hippocampal pathway in spatial navigation has been investigated in many studies. Much less is known of the involvement in spatial cognition of the parallel projection system linking the posterior BF with neocortical areas. Here we review the current state of the art of the division of labour within this complex 'navigation system', with special focus on how subcortical cholinergic inputs may regulate various aspects of spatial learning, memory and navigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Solari
- Lendület Laboratory of Systems NeuroscienceDepartment of Cellular and Network NeurobiologyInstitute of Experimental MedicineHungarian Academy of SciencesBudapestHungary
| | - Balázs Hangya
- Lendület Laboratory of Systems NeuroscienceDepartment of Cellular and Network NeurobiologyInstitute of Experimental MedicineHungarian Academy of SciencesBudapestHungary
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240
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Jing M, Zhang P, Wang G, Feng J, Mesik L, Zeng J, Jiang H, Wang S, Looby JC, Guagliardo NA, Langma LW, Lu J, Zuo Y, Talmage DA, Role LW, Barrett PQ, Zhang LI, Luo M, Song Y, Zhu JJ, Li Y. A genetically encoded fluorescent acetylcholine indicator for in vitro and in vivo studies. Nat Biotechnol 2018; 36:726-737. [PMID: 29985477 PMCID: PMC6093211 DOI: 10.1038/nbt.4184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 225] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The neurotransmitter acetylcholine (ACh) regulates a diverse array of physiological processes throughout the body. Despite its importance, cholinergic transmission in the majority of tissues and organs remains poorly understood owing primarily to the limitations of available ACh-monitoring techniques. We developed a family of ACh sensors (GACh) based on G-protein-coupled receptors that has the sensitivity, specificity, signal-to-noise ratio, kinetics and photostability suitable for monitoring ACh signals in vitro and in vivo. GACh sensors were validated with transfection, viral and/or transgenic expression in a dozen types of neuronal and non-neuronal cells prepared from multiple animal species. In all preparations, GACh sensors selectively responded to exogenous and/or endogenous ACh with robust fluorescence signals that were captured by epifluorescence, confocal, and/or two-photon microscopy. Moreover, analysis of endogenous ACh release revealed firing-pattern-dependent release and restricted volume transmission, resolving two long-standing questions about central cholinergic transmission. Thus, GACh sensors provide a user-friendly, broadly applicable tool for monitoring cholinergic transmission underlying diverse biological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Peking University School of Life Sciences, Beijing 100871,
China
- PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing 100871, China
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908
| | - Guangfu Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908
- Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin
150001, China
| | - Jiesi Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Peking University School of Life Sciences, Beijing 100871,
China
- PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing 100871, China
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Lukas Mesik
- Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Department of Physiology & Neuroscience, Keck School of Medicine,
University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033
| | - Jianzhi Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Peking University School of Life Sciences, Beijing 100871,
China
- PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing 100871, China
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Huoqing Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Peking University School of Life Sciences, Beijing 100871,
China
- PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing 100871, China
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Shaohua Wang
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794
| | - Jess C. Looby
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908
- Undergraduate Class of 2019, University of Virginia College of Arts and Sciences, Charlottesville, VA
22908
| | - Nick A. Guagliardo
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908
| | - Linda W. Langma
- Department of Surgery, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908
| | - Ju Lu
- Department of Surgery, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908
| | - Yi Zuo
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA
95064
| | - David A. Talmage
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794
| | - Lorna W. Role
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794
| | - Paula Q. Barrett
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908
| | - Li I. Zhang
- Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Department of Physiology & Neuroscience, Keck School of Medicine,
University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033
| | - Minmin Luo
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Yan Song
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Beijing 100871, China
| | - J. Julius Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908
- School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315010, China
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Nijmegen, 6525 EN, Nijmegen,
Netherlands
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science
and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yulong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Peking University School of Life Sciences, Beijing 100871,
China
- PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing 100871, China
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Beijing 100871, China
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241
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Kota D, Alajaji M, Bagdas D, Selley DE, Sim-Selley LJ, Damaj MI. Early adolescent nicotine exposure affects later-life hippocampal mu-opioid receptors activity and morphine reward but not physical dependence in male mice. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2018; 173:58-64. [PMID: 30125591 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2018.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2018] [Revised: 08/12/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE There is extensive literature regarding nicotine-opioid functional interactions. The possibility that use of nicotine products during adolescence might increase the risk of substance abuse such as morphine later in adulthood is particularly relevant to the current opioid crisis. OBJECTIVES To investigate the effects of nicotine exposure for seven days during adolescence in mice on morphine reward as well as morphine physical dependence later in adulthood. METHODS Mice were exposed to nicotine in either early or late adolescence then evaluated for morphine reward and withdrawal symptoms in adulthood. A separate group of mice was exposed to nicotine during adolescent and tissue was evaluated for changes in MOR-mediated G-protein activity using [35S]GTPγS binding assays. RESULTS We report that a 7-day exposure to a low dose of nicotine during early adolescence significantly enhanced morphine preference in the CPP test in adult mice. In contrast, the same treatment with nicotine had no effect on expression of somatic withdrawal signs in morphine-dependent adult mice. MOR-mediated G-protein activity in hippocampus, but not thalamus and striatum of adult mice, was significantly altered by adolescent nicotine treatment. CONCLUSIONS Adolescence is a unique developmental stage during which nicotine has long-term effects on future drug-taking behavior. Further studies are needed to identify the neurotransmitters and mechanisms involved in increased vulnerability to drug abuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dena Kota
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23219, USA
| | - Mai Alajaji
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23219, USA
| | - Deniz Bagdas
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23219, USA
| | - Dana E Selley
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23219, USA
| | - Laura J Sim-Selley
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23219, USA
| | - M Imad Damaj
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23219, USA.
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242
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Bozinoff N, Le Foll B. Understanding the implications of the biobehavioral basis of nicotine addiction and its impact on the efficacy of treatment. Expert Rev Respir Med 2018; 12:793-804. [PMID: 30092681 DOI: 10.1080/17476348.2018.1507736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Tobacco use remains the leading cause of preventable death in the United States. There are efficacious behavioral and pharmacological options for smoking cessation including three FDA approved therapies - nicotine replacement therapy, varenicline and bupropion. Nevertheless, uptake of smoking cessation treatments continues to be poor and there is a need for novel smoking cessation treatments. Areas covered: This article reviews the biobehavioral basis of nicotine addiction, its implications for smoking cessation treatments, the various neurotransmitter systems involved in nicotine addictive effects, and their potential therapeutic value. Included are discussions around the role of genetic factors in predicting response to pharmacotherapy and what we know about appropriate application of pharmacotherapy and behavioral interventions for tobacco use disorder. The evidence for harm reduction measures in individuals who are not willing or able to quit smoking is also reviewed. Expert commentary: Many neurotransmitter system targets have been investigated as a result of our understanding of the underlying neurobiology of tobacco use disorder, and there remain important targets that have yet to be fully explored. rTMS or combination therapies are proposed as possible novel strategies to improve smoking cessation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikki Bozinoff
- a Department of Family and Community Medicine , University of Toronto , Toronto , Canada.,b Addiction Medicine Service, Acute Care Program , Centre for Addiction and Mental Health , Toronto , Canada
| | - Bernard Le Foll
- a Department of Family and Community Medicine , University of Toronto , Toronto , Canada.,b Addiction Medicine Service, Acute Care Program , Centre for Addiction and Mental Health , Toronto , Canada.,c Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Psychiatry, Institute of Medical Sciences , University of Toronto , Toronto , Canada.,d Centre for Addiction and Mental Health , Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, CAMH , Toronto , Canada.,e Translational Addiction Research Laboratory, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health , Toronto , Canada
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243
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Oakes JM, Fuchs RM, Gardner JD, Lazartigues E, Yue X. Nicotine and the renin-angiotensin system. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2018; 315:R895-R906. [PMID: 30088946 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00099.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 202] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cigarette smoking is the single most important risk factor for the development of cardiovascular and pulmonary diseases (CVPD). Although cigarette smoking has been in constant decline since the 1950s, the introduction of e-cigarettes or electronic nicotine delivery systems 10 yr ago has attracted former smokers as well as a new generation of consumers. Nicotine is a highly addictive substance, and it is currently unclear whether e-cigarettes are "safer" than regular cigarettes or whether they have the potential to reverse the health benefits, notably on the cardiopulmonary system, acquired with the decline of tobacco smoking. Of great concern, nicotine inhalation devices are becoming popular among young adults and youths, emphasizing the need for awareness and further study of the potential cardiopulmonary risks of nicotine and associated products. This review focuses on the interaction between nicotine and the renin-angiotensin system (RAS), one of the most important regulatory systems on autonomic, cardiovascular, and pulmonary functions in both health and disease. The literature presented in this review strongly suggests that nicotine alters the homeostasis of the RAS by upregulating the detrimental angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)/angiotensin (ANG)-II/ANG II type 1 receptor axis and downregulating the compensatory ACE2/ANG-(1-7)/Mas receptor axis, contributing to the development of CVPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua M Oakes
- Department of Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center , New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Robert M Fuchs
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center , New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Jason D Gardner
- Department of Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center , New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Eric Lazartigues
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center , New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Xinping Yue
- Department of Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center , New Orleans, Louisiana
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244
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Schuster RM, Pachas GN, Stoeckel L, Cather C, Nadal M, Mischoulon D, Schoenfeld DA, Zhang H, Ulysse C, Dodds EB, Sobolewski S, Hudziak V, Hanly A, Fava M, Evins AE. Phase IIb Trial of an α7 Nicotinic Receptor Partial Agonist With and Without Nicotine Patch for Withdrawal-Associated Cognitive Deficits and Tobacco Abstinence. J Clin Psychopharmacol 2018; 38:307-316. [PMID: 29912798 PMCID: PMC6019566 DOI: 10.1097/jcp.0000000000000919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/BACKGROUND The objective of this study was to determine whether a novel α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor partial agonist improves cognition during nicotine withdrawal and improves abstinence rates. To do so, the effect of the α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor partial agonist, encenicline, on cognition and abstinence was evaluated when given as monotherapy and when combined with transdermal nicotine patch (nicotine replacement therapy [NRT]). METHODS Adult daily smokers, n = 160, who were motivated to quit smoking completed cognitive testing at satiated baseline and after overnight abstinence and then were randomized to receive a 12-week trial of encenicline 1 mg twice daily or identical placebo the day of the overnight abstinent cognitive testing. In the first 6 weeks of the 12-week encenicline administration, participants were also randomized to 6 weeks of NRT patch or placebo patch. Primary outcomes were cognition during abstinence and 7-day point-prevalence abstinence at week 12. RESULTS No beneficial effects of encenicline were observed on cognition or abstinence when compared with placebo or when combined with NRT compared with placebo capsule + NRT. Of the 4 conditions, abstinence rates were lowest among those assigned to encenicline alone. CONCLUSIONS Beneficial effects of NRT were observed on cognitive and abstinence outcomes when combined with encenicline compared with encenicline plus placebo patch. Addition of NRT to encenicline improved odds of abstinence approximately 3-fold compared with encenicline plus placebo patch. We conclude that encenicline, 1 mg/d, did not improve abstinence-associated cognitive impairment or abstinence rates as monotherapy or adjunctive therapy to NRT patch.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gladys N Pachas
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital
- Harvard Medical School
| | - Luke Stoeckel
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital
- Harvard Medical School
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolic Diseases, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney
Diseases
| | - Corinne Cather
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital
- Harvard Medical School
| | - Mireya Nadal
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital
- Harvard Medical School
| | - David Mischoulon
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital
- Harvard Medical School
| | - David A. Schoenfeld
- Harvard Medical School
- Department of Biostatistics, Massachusetts General Hospital
| | - Haiyue Zhang
- Department of Biostatistics, Massachusetts General Hospital
| | | | | | | | | | - Ailish Hanly
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital
| | - Maurizio Fava
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital
- Harvard Medical School
| | - A. Eden Evins
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital
- Harvard Medical School
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245
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Hu T, Yang Z, Li MD. Pharmacological Effects and Regulatory Mechanisms of Tobacco Smoking Effects on Food Intake and Weight Control. J Neuroimmune Pharmacol 2018; 13:453-466. [PMID: 30054897 DOI: 10.1007/s11481-018-9800-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Beyond promoting smoking initiation and preventing smokers from quitting, nicotine can reduce food intake and body weight and thus is viewed as desirable by some smokers, especially many women. During the last several decades, the molecular mechanisms underlying the inverse correlation between smoking and body weight have been investigated extensively in both animals and humans. Nicotine's weight effects appear to result especially from the drug's stimulation of α3β4 nicotine acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs), which are located on pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) neurons in the arcuate nucleus (ARC), leading to activation of the melanocortin circuit, which is associated with body weight. Further, α7- and α4β2-containing nAChRs have been implicated in weight control by nicotine. This review summarizes current understanding of the regulatory effects of nicotine on food intake and body weight according to the findings from pharmacological, molecular genetic, electrophysiological, and feeding studies on these appetite-regulating molecules, such as α3β4, α7, and α4β2 nAChRs; neuropeptide Y (NPY); POMC; melanocortin 4 receptor (MC4R); agouti-related peptide (AgRP); leptin, ghrelin, and protein YY (PYY).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongyuan Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhongli Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Ming D Li
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China. .,Research Center for Air Pollution and Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China. .,Institute of Neuroimmune Pharmacology, Seton Hall University, South Orange, NJ, USA.
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246
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Peng C, Yan Y, Kim VJ, Engle SE, Berry JN, McIntosh JM, Neve RL, Drenan RM. Gene editing vectors for studying nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in cholinergic transmission. Eur J Neurosci 2018; 50:2224-2238. [PMID: 29779223 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.13957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Revised: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs), prototype members of the cys-loop ligand-gated ion channel family, are key mediators of cholinergic transmission in the central nervous system. Despite their importance, technical gaps exist in our ability to dissect the function of individual subunits in the brain. To overcome these barriers, we designed CRISPR/Cas9 small guide RNA sequences (sgRNAs) for the production of loss-of-function alleles in mouse nAChR genes. These sgRNAs were validated in vitro via deep sequencing. We subsequently targeted candidate nAChR genes in vivo by creating herpes simplex virus (HSV) vectors delivering sgRNAs and Cas9 expression to mouse brain. The production of loss-of-function insertions or deletions (indels) by these 'all-in-one' HSV vectors was confirmed using brain slice patch clamp electrophysiology coupled with pharmacological analysis. Next, we developed a scheme for cell type-specific gene editing in mouse brain. Knockin mice expressing Cas9 in a Cre-dependent manner were validated using viral microinjections and genetic crosses to common Cre-driver mouse lines. We subsequently confirmed functional Cas9 activity by targeting the ubiquitous neuronal protein, NeuN, using adeno-associated virus (AAV) delivery of sgRNAs. Finally, the mouse β2 nAChR gene was successfully targeted in dopamine transporter (DAT)-positive neurons via CRISPR/Cas9. The sgRNA sequences and viral vectors, including our scheme for Cre-dependent gene editing, should be generally useful to the scientific research community. These tools could lead to new discoveries related to the function of nAChRs in neurotransmission and behavioral processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can Peng
- Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 320 East Superior Street, Searle 5-450, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Yijin Yan
- Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 320 East Superior Street, Searle 5-450, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Veronica J Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 320 East Superior Street, Searle 5-450, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Staci E Engle
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Jennifer N Berry
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - J Michael McIntosh
- George E. Wahlen Veterans Affairs Medical Center and Departments of Psychiatry and Biology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Rachael L Neve
- Gene Delivery Technology Core, Massachusetts General Hospital, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Ryan M Drenan
- Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 320 East Superior Street, Searle 5-450, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
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247
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Vivekanandarajah A, Waters KA, Machaalani R. Cigarette smoke exposure effects on the brainstem expression of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs), and on cardiac, respiratory and sleep physiologies. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2018; 259:1-15. [PMID: 30031221 DOI: 10.1016/j.resp.2018.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Revised: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Cigarette smoking during pregnancy is the largest modifiable risk factor for adverse outcomes in the infant. Investigations have focused on the psychoactive component of cigarettes, nicotine. One proposed mechanism leading to adverse effects is the interaction between nicotine and its nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs). Much data has been generated over the past three decades on the effects of cigarette smoke exposure (CSE) on the expression of the nAChRs in the brainstem and physiological parameters related to cardiac, respiration and sleep, in the offspring of smoking mothers and animal models of nicotine exposure. This review summarises this data and discusses the main findings, highlighting that findings in animal models closely correlate with those from human studies, and that the major brainstem sites where the expression level for the nAChRs are consistently affected include those that play vital roles in cardiorespiration (hypoglossal nucleus, dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus, nucleus of the solitary tract), chemosensation (nucleus of the solitary tract, arcuate nucleus) and arousal (rostral mesopontine sites such as the locus coeruleus and nucleus pontis oralis). These findings provide evidence for the adverse effects of CSE during and after pregnancy to the infant and the need to continue with the health campaign advising against CSE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arunnjah Vivekanandarajah
- SIDS and Sleep Apnea Laboratory, Sydney Medical School, Medical Foundation Building K25, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
| | - Karen A Waters
- SIDS and Sleep Apnea Laboratory, Sydney Medical School, Medical Foundation Building K25, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; Discipline of Paediatrics and Child Health, Children's Hospital Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Rita Machaalani
- SIDS and Sleep Apnea Laboratory, Sydney Medical School, Medical Foundation Building K25, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; Discipline of Paediatrics and Child Health, Children's Hospital Westmead, NSW, Australia
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248
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Zhang Y, Yanagawa Y, Saito Y. Firing responses mediated via distinct nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subtypes in rat prepositus hypoglossi nuclei neurons. J Neurophysiol 2018; 120:1525-1533. [PMID: 29975163 DOI: 10.1152/jn.00168.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously reported that cholinergic current responses mediated via nicotinic acetylcholine (ACh) receptors (nAChRs) in the prepositus hypoglossi nucleus (PHN), which participates in gaze control, can be classified into distinct types based on different kinetics and are mainly composed of α7- and/or non-α7-subtypes: fast (F)-, slow (S)-, and fast and slow (FS)-type currents. In this study, to clarify how each current type is related to neuronal activities, we investigated the relationship between the current types and the membrane properties and the firing responses that were induced by each current type. The proportion of the current types differed in neurons that exhibited different afterhyperpolarization (AHP) profiles and firing patterns, suggesting that PHN neurons show a preference for specific current types dependent on the membrane properties. In response to ACh, F-type neurons showed either one action potential (AP) or multiple APs with a short firing duration, and S-type neurons showed multiple APs with a long firing duration. The firing frequency of F-type neurons was significantly higher than that of S-type and FS-type neurons. An α7-subtype-specific antagonist abolished the firing responses of F-type neurons and reduced the responses of FS-type neurons but had little effect on the responses of S-type neurons, which were reduced by a non-α7-subtype-specific antagonist. These results suggest that the different properties of the current types and the distinct expression of the nAChR subtypes in PHN neurons with different membrane properties produce unique firing responses via the activation of nAChRs. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Prepositus hypoglossi nucleus (PHN) neurons show distinct nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR)-mediated current responses. The proportion of the current types differed in the neurons that exhibited different afterhyperpolarization profiles and firing patterns. The nAChR-mediated currents with different kinetics induced firing responses of the neurons that were distinct in the firing frequency and duration. These results suggest that the different properties of the current types in PHN neurons with different membrane properties produce unique firing responses via the activation of nAChRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhang
- Department of Genetic and Behavioral Neuroscience, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan.,Department of Physiology, Dalian Medical University , Dalian , China
| | - Yuchio Yanagawa
- Department of Genetic and Behavioral Neuroscience, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan.,Japan Science and Technology Agency, Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology, Sanbancho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo , Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Saito
- Department of Genetic and Behavioral Neuroscience, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan.,Department of Neurophysiology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara , Japan
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Mónaco NM, Bartos M, Dominguez S, Gallegos C, Bras C, Esandi MDC, Bouzat C, Giannuzzi L, Minetti A, Gumilar F. Low arsenic concentrations impair memory in rat offpring exposed during pregnancy and lactation: Role of α7 nicotinic receptor, glutamate and oxidative stress. Neurotoxicology 2018; 67:37-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2018.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2018] [Revised: 04/09/2018] [Accepted: 04/15/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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250
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Abraham N, Lewis RJ. Neuronal Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Modulators from Cone Snails. Mar Drugs 2018; 16:E208. [PMID: 29899286 PMCID: PMC6024932 DOI: 10.3390/md16060208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Revised: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Marine cone snails are a large family of gastropods that have evolved highly potent venoms for predation and defense. The cone snail venom has exceptional molecular diversity in neuropharmacologically active compounds, targeting a range of receptors, ion channels, and transporters. These conotoxins have helped to dissect the structure and function of many of these therapeutically significant targets in the central and peripheral nervous systems, as well as unravelling the complex cellular mechanisms modulated by these receptors and ion channels. This review provides an overview of α-conotoxins targeting neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. The structure and activity of both classical and non-classical α-conotoxins are discussed, along with their contributions towards understanding nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) structure and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita Abraham
- IMB Centre for Pain Research, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia.
| | - Richard J Lewis
- IMB Centre for Pain Research, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia.
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