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Kuo NIH, Perez-Concha O, Hanly M, Mnatzaganian E, Hao B, Di Sipio M, Yu G, Vanjara J, Valerie IC, de Oliveira Costa J, Churches T, Lujic S, Hegarty J, Jorm L, Barbieri S. Enriching Data Science and Health Care Education: Application and Impact of Synthetic Data Sets Through the Health Gym Project. JMIR MEDICAL EDUCATION 2024; 10:e51388. [PMID: 38227356 PMCID: PMC10828942 DOI: 10.2196/51388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Large-scale medical data sets are vital for hands-on education in health data science but are often inaccessible due to privacy concerns. Addressing this gap, we developed the Health Gym project, a free and open-source platform designed to generate synthetic health data sets applicable to various areas of data science education, including machine learning, data visualization, and traditional statistical models. Initially, we generated 3 synthetic data sets for sepsis, acute hypotension, and antiretroviral therapy for HIV infection. This paper discusses the educational applications of Health Gym's synthetic data sets. We illustrate this through their use in postgraduate health data science courses delivered by the University of New South Wales, Australia, and a Datathon event, involving academics, students, clinicians, and local health district professionals. We also include adaptable worked examples using our synthetic data sets, designed to enrich hands-on tutorial and workshop experiences. Although we highlight the potential of these data sets in advancing data science education and health care artificial intelligence, we also emphasize the need for continued research into the inherent limitations of synthetic data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas I-Hsien Kuo
- Centre for Big Data Research in Health, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Oscar Perez-Concha
- Centre for Big Data Research in Health, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Mark Hanly
- Centre for Big Data Research in Health, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | | | - Brandon Hao
- The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | | | - Guolin Yu
- The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Jash Vanjara
- The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | | | - Juliana de Oliveira Costa
- Medicines Intelligence Research Program, School of Population Health, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Timothy Churches
- School of Clinical Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
- Ingham Institute of Applied Medical Research, Liverpool, Sydney, Australia
| | - Sanja Lujic
- Centre for Big Data Research in Health, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Jo Hegarty
- Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, Australia
| | - Louisa Jorm
- Centre for Big Data Research in Health, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Sebastiano Barbieri
- Centre for Big Data Research in Health, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
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202
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Wei Z, Li H, Lv S, Yang J. Current situation and trend of non-coding RNA in rheumatoid arthritis: a review and bibliometric analysis. Front Immunol 2024; 14:1301545. [PMID: 38292492 PMCID: PMC10824985 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1301545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, systemic autoimmune disease that affects multiple joints and has adverse effects on various organs throughout the body, often leading to a poor prognosis. Recent studies have shown significant progress in the research of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) in RA. Therefore, this study aims to comprehensively assess the current status and research trends of ncRNAs in RA through a bibliometric analysis. Methods This study retrieved articles relevant to ncRNAs and RA from the Science Citation Index Expanded Database of the Web of Science Core Collection between January 1st, 2003, and July 31st, 2023. The relevant articles were screened based on the inclusion criteria. VOSviewer and CiteSpace are utilized for bibliometric and visual analysis. Results A total of 1697 publications were included in this study, and there was a noticeable increase in annual publications from January 1st, 2003, to July 31st, 2023. China, the United States, and the United Kingdom were the most productive countries in this field, contributing to 43.81%, 13.09%, and 3.87% of the publications. Anhui Medical University and Lu Qianjin were identified as the most influential institution and author. Frontiers In Immunology stood out as the most prolific journal, while Arthritis & Rheumatology was the most co-cited journal. Additionally, the research related to "circular RNA", "oxidative stress", "proliferation", and "migration" have emerged as new hotspots in the field. Conclusion In this study, we have summarized the publication characteristics related to ncRNA and RA and identified the most productive countries, institutions, authors, journals, hot topics, and trends.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zehong Wei
- Graduate School, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Huaiyu Li
- Graduate School, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Senhao Lv
- Graduate School, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Junping Yang
- Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
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203
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Bhattacharya B, Nag S, Mukherjee S, Kulkarni M, Chandane P, Mandal D, Mukerjee N, Mirgh D, Anand K, Adhikari MD, Gorai S, Thorat N. Role of Exosomes in Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2024; 7:44-58. [PMID: 38108852 PMCID: PMC10792609 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.3c00941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a fundamental process driving cancer metastasis, transforming non-motile cells into a motile population that migrates to distant organs and forms secondary tumors. In recent years, cancer research has revealed a strong connection between exosomes and the EMT. Exosomes, a subpopulation of extracellular vesicles, facilitate cellular communication and dynamically regulate various aspects of cancer metastasis, including immune cell suppression, extracellular matrix remodeling, metastasis initiation, EMT initiation, and organ-specific metastasis. Tumor-derived exosomes (TEXs) and their molecular cargo, comprising proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, and carbohydrates, are essential components that promote EMT in cancer. TEXs miRNAs play a crucial role in reprogramming the tumor microenvironment, while TEX surface integrins contribute to organ-specific metastasis. Exosome-based cancer metastasis research offers a deeper understanding about cancer and an effective theranostic platform development. Additionally, various therapeutic sources of exosomes are paving the way for innovative cancer treatment development. In this Review, we spotlight the role of exosomes in EMT and their theranostic impact, aiming to inspire cancer researchers worldwide to explore this fascinating field in more innovative ways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bikramjit Bhattacharya
- Department
of Applied Microbiology, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632014, India
| | - Sagnik Nag
- Department
of Bio-Sciences, School of Bio-Sciences & Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Tiruvalam Road, Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632014, India
| | - Sayantanee Mukherjee
- Amrita
School of NanoSciences and Molecular Medicine, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Kochi, Kerala 682041, India
| | - Mrunal Kulkarni
- Department
of Pharmacy, BITS Pilani, Pilani, Rajasthan 333031, India
| | - Priti Chandane
- Department
of Biochemistry, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana 500046, India
| | - Debashmita Mandal
- Department
of Biotechnology, Maulana Abul Kalam Azad
University of Technology (MAKAUT), Haringhata, Nadia, West Bengal 741249, India
| | - Nobendu Mukerjee
- Center
for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600077, India
- Department
of Health Sciences, Novel Global Community
and Educational Foundation, Hebersham, New South Wales 2770, Australia
| | - Divya Mirgh
- Vaccine
and Immunotherapy Canter, Massachusetts
General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States
| | - Krishnan Anand
- Department
of Chemical Pathology, School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa
| | - Manab Deb Adhikari
- Department
of Biotechnology, University of North Bengal
Raja Rammohunpur, Darjeeling, West Bengal 734013, India
| | - Sukhamoy Gorai
- Rush University Medical
Center, 1620 W. Harrison St., Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - Nanasaheb Thorat
- Limerick
Digital Cancer Research Centre and Department of Physics, Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick V94T9PX, Ireland
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204
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Wu S, Xiao R, Wu Y, Xu L. Advances in tissue engineering of gellan gum-based hydrogels. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 324:121484. [PMID: 37985043 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Gellan Gum (GG) is a large, naturally occurring, linear polysaccharide with a similar structure and biological properties to the extracellular matrix. It's appropriate as a matrix material for the development of different composite materials due to its biocompatibility, biodegradability, and injectability. Hydrogels made from GG have found various applications in the field of Tissue Engineering (TE) in recent years after being mixed with a variety of other organic and inorganic components. These composites are considered multifunctional developing biomaterials because of their impressive mechanical capabilities, biocompatibility, low cytotoxicity, etc. This review focuses on the emerging advances of GG-based hydrogels in TE, providing an overview of the applications of different types of GG-based composite materials in bone TE, cartilage TE, nervous TE, retina TE, and other fields. Moreover, the investigations of GG-based hydrogels as bioink components for 3D bioprinting in TE will be elucidated. This review offers general guidance for the development of biomaterials related to GG, as well as ideas for future clinical diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanyi Wu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Oral Health Research, Hunan 3D Printing Engineering Research Center of Oral Care, Hunan Clinical Research Center of Oral Major Disease and Oral Health, Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Xiangya Stomatological Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Rongjun Xiao
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Oral Health Research, Hunan 3D Printing Engineering Research Center of Oral Care, Hunan Clinical Research Center of Oral Major Disease and Oral Health, Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Xiangya Stomatological Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yong Wu
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Laijun Xu
- Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China.
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205
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Zhou Q, Chen B, Xu Y, Wang Y, He Z, Cai X, Qin Y, Ye J, Yang Y, Shen J, Cao P. Geniposide protects against neurotoxicity in mouse models of rotenone-induced Parkinson's disease involving the mTOR and Nrf2 pathways. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 318:116914. [PMID: 37451492 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Fructus Gardeniae, with the effects of discharging fire, eliminating vexation, reducing fever and causing diuresis, and cooling blood to remove apthogentic heat, could be used to treat Parkinson's disease (PD). Geniposide, as the main active ingredient of Fructus Gardeniae, has been shown to have neuroprotective effects in several rodent models. Rotenone, a commonly used neurotoxin, induced PD model progresses slowly, but simulates the pathological changes of PD's slow progression. AIM OF THE STUDY Herein, we mainly investigated the neuroprotective effects of geniposide on rotenone-induced mouse model of PD and the underlined mechanism. MATERIALS AND METHODS C57BL/6 mice were treated with rotenone (30 mg/kg, p. o.) daily for 60 days. Geniposide (25 and 50 mg/kg, p. o.) were administered at alterative day 30 min before rotenone. On day 60, the challenging beam, spontaneous activity, and adhesive removal tests were performed to evaluate the motor activity. Dopamine, DOPAC and HVA levels were detected by UPLC-MS/MS methods. Dopaminergic neurodegeneration was assessed using immunohistochemistry staining. ROS production, MDA level and GSH: GSSG ratio were measured to analyze oxidative stress. Cleavage of PARP and caspase-3 were detected to assess neuronal apoptosis. The expression of Nrf2 and mTOR signaling were detected using Western blot. RESULTS Geniposide improved motor dysfunction, restored neurotransmitters levels, and attenuated dopaminergic neurodegeneration induced by rotenone in mice. Geniposide suppressed rotenone-induced neuronal oxidative damage associated with Nrf2 signaling, and neuronal apoptosis involving mTOR pathway. CONCLUSIONS Geniposide may exert a neuroprotective effect in a mouse model of PD by rotenone, and this effect might be relevant to Nrf2 associated antioxidant signaling and mTOR involved anti-apoptosis pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhou
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, China
| | - Bin Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China; Nanjing Research Institute for Comprehensive Utilization of Wild Plants, Nanjing, 210042, China
| | - Yijiao Xu
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, China
| | - Ziheng He
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, China
| | - Xueting Cai
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, China
| | - Yu Qin
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, China
| | - Juan Ye
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, China
| | - Jianping Shen
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, China.
| | - Peng Cao
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, China; College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
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206
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Castro Nava A, Doolaar IC, Labude-Weber N, Malyaran H, Babu S, Chandorkar Y, Di Russo J, Neuss S, De Laporte L. Actuation of Soft Thermoresponsive Hydrogels Mechanically Stimulates Osteogenesis in Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells without Biochemical Factors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:30-43. [PMID: 38150508 PMCID: PMC10789260 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c11808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have the potential to differentiate into multiple lineages and can be harvested relatively easily from adults, making them a promising cell source for regenerative therapies. While it is well-known how to consistently differentiate MSCs into adipose, chondrogenic, and osteogenic lineages by treatment with biochemical factors, the number of studies exploring how to achieve this with mechanical signals is limited. A relatively unexplored area is the effect of cyclic forces on the MSC differentiation. Recently, our group developed a thermoresponsive N-ethyl acrylamide/N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM/NEAM) hydrogel supplemented with gold nanorods that are able to convert near-infrared light into heat. Using light pulses allows for local hydrogel collapse and swelling with physiologically relevant force and frequency. In this study, MSCs are cultured on this hydrogel system with a patterned surface and exposed to intermittent or continuous actuation of the hydrogel for 3 days to study the effect of actuation on MSC differentiation. First, cells are harvested from the bone marrow of three donors and tested for their MSC phenotype, meeting the following criteria: the harvested cells are adherent and demonstrate a fibroblast-like bipolar morphology. They lack the expression of CD34 and CD45 but do express CD73, CD90, and CD105. Additionally, their differentiation potential into adipogenic, chondrogenic, and osteogenic lineages is validated by the addition of standardized differentiation media. Next, MSCs are exposed to intermittent or continuous actuation, which leads to a significantly enhanced cell spreading compared to nonactuated cells. Moreover, actuation results in nuclear translocation of Runt-related transcription factor 2 and the Yes-associated protein. Together, these results indicate that cyclic mechanical stimulation on a soft, ridged substrate modulates the MSC fate commitment in the direction of osteogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arturo Castro Nava
- DWI—Leibniz
Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstrasse 50, Aachen D-52074, Germany
- Institute
for Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1-2, Aachen D-52074, Germany
| | - Iris C. Doolaar
- DWI—Leibniz
Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstrasse 50, Aachen D-52074, Germany
- Institute
for Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1-2, Aachen D-52074, Germany
| | - Norina Labude-Weber
- Helmholtz
Institute for Biomedical Engineering, BioInterface Group, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstrasse 20, Aachen D-52074, Germany
| | - Hanna Malyaran
- Helmholtz
Institute for Biomedical Engineering, BioInterface Group, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstrasse 20, Aachen D-52074, Germany
- Interdisciplinary
Centre for Clinical Research, RWTH Aachen
University, Pauwelsstrasse
30, Aachen D-52074, Germany
| | - Susan Babu
- DWI—Leibniz
Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstrasse 50, Aachen D-52074, Germany
- Institute
for Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1-2, Aachen D-52074, Germany
| | - Yashoda Chandorkar
- DWI—Leibniz
Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstrasse 50, Aachen D-52074, Germany
| | - Jacopo Di Russo
- DWI—Leibniz
Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstrasse 50, Aachen D-52074, Germany
- Interdisciplinary
Centre for Clinical Research, RWTH Aachen
University, Pauwelsstrasse
30, Aachen D-52074, Germany
- Institute
of Molecular and Cellular Anatomy, RWTH
Aachen University, Pauwelsstrasse
30, Aachen D-52074, Germany
| | - Sabine Neuss
- Helmholtz
Institute for Biomedical Engineering, BioInterface Group, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstrasse 20, Aachen D-52074, Germany
- Institute
of Pathology, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Pauwelsstrasse 30, Aachen D-52074, Germany
| | - Laura De Laporte
- DWI—Leibniz
Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstrasse 50, Aachen D-52074, Germany
- Institute
for Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1-2, Aachen D-52074, Germany
- Institute
of Applied Medical Engineering, Department of Advanced Materials for
Biomedicine, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstraße 55, Aachen D-52074, Germany
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207
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Omoto ACM, do Carmo JM, da Silva AA, Hall JE, Mouton AJ. Immunometabolism, extracellular vesicles and cardiac injury. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 14:1331284. [PMID: 38260141 PMCID: PMC10800986 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1331284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Recent evidence from our lab and others suggests that metabolic reprogramming of immune cells drives changes in immune cell phenotypes along the inflammatory-to-reparative spectrum and plays a critical role in mediating the inflammatory responses to cardiac injury (e.g. hypertension, myocardial infarction). However, the factors that drive metabolic reprogramming in immune cells are not fully understood. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are recognized for their ability to transfer cargo such as microRNAs from remote sites to influence cardiac remodeling. Furthermore, conditions such as obesity and metabolic syndrome, which are implicated in the majority of cardiovascular disease (CVD) cases, can skew production of EVs toward pro-inflammatory phenotypes. In this mini-review, we discuss the mechanisms by which EVs may influence immune cell metabolism during cardiac injury and factors associated with obesity and the metabolic syndrome that can disrupt normal EV function. We also discuss potential sources of cardio-protective and anti-inflammatory EVs, such as brown adipose tissue. Finally, we discuss implications for future therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Alan J. Mouton
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, United States
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208
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Del Duca F, Napoletano G, Volonnino G, Maiese A, La Russa R, Di Paolo M, De Matteis S, Frati P, Bonafè M, Fineschi V. Blood-brain barrier breakdown, central nervous system cell damage, and infiltrated T cells as major adverse effects in CAR-T-related deaths: a literature review. Front Med (Lausanne) 2024; 10:1272291. [PMID: 38259840 PMCID: PMC10800871 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1272291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Background CAR-T-related deaths observed worldwide are rare. The underlying pathogenetic mechanisms are the subject of study, as are the findings that enable diagnosis. A systematic literature search of the PubMed database and a critical review of the collected studies were conducted from the inception of this database until January 2023. The aim of the study is to determine when death is related to CAR-T cell therapy and to develop a shareable diagnostic algorithm. Methods The database was searched by combining and meshing the terms ("CAR-t" OR "CART") AND ("Pathology" OR "Histology" OR "Histological" OR "Autopsy") AND ("Heart" OR "Cardiac" OR "Nervous System" OR "Kidney" OR "Liver") with 34 results and also the terms: [(Lethal effect) OR (Death)] AND (CAR-T therapy) with 52 results in titles, abstracts, and keywords [all fields]. One hundred scientific articles were examined, 14 of which were additional records identified through other sources. Fifteen records were included in the review. Results Neuronal death, neuronal edema, perivascular edema, perivascular and intraparenchymal hemorrhagic extravasation, as well as perivascular plasmatodendrosis, have been observed in cases with fatal cerebral edema. A cross-reactivity of CAR-T cells in cases of fatal encephalopathy can be hypothesized when, in addition to the increased vascular permeability, there is also a perivascular lymphocyte infiltrate, which appears to be a common factor among most authors. Conclusion Most CAR-T-related deaths are associated with blood-brain barrier breakdown, central nervous system cell damage, and infiltrated T cells. Further autopsies and microscopic investigations would shed more light on the lethal toxicity related to CAR-T cells. A differential diagnosis of CAR-T-related death is crucial to identifying adverse events. In this article, we propose an algorithm that could facilitate the comparison of findings through a systematic approach. Despite toxicity cases, CAR-T therapy continues to stand out as the most innovative treatment within the field of oncology, and emerging strategies hold the promise of delivering safer therapies in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Del Duca
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic and Orthopedical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Gabriele Napoletano
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic and Orthopedical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Gianpietro Volonnino
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic and Orthopedical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Aniello Maiese
- Section of Legal Medicine, Department of Surgical, Medical, Molecular Pathology and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Raffaele La Russa
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Marco Di Paolo
- Section of Legal Medicine, Department of Surgical, Medical, Molecular Pathology and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Serena De Matteis
- Immunobiology of Transplants and Advanced Cellular Therapies Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Paola Frati
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic and Orthopedical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Bonafè
- Immunobiology of Transplants and Advanced Cellular Therapies Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Vittorio Fineschi
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic and Orthopedical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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209
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Bildyug N. Inhibition of Integrin-Associated Kinases FAK and ILK on the In Vitro Model of Skin Wound Healing. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2024:10.1007/s12010-023-04842-x. [PMID: 38165590 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-023-04842-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/04/2024]
Abstract
Dermal fibroblasts are essential cells of skin tissue responsible for its normal functioning. In skin wounds, the differentiation of resident fibroblasts into myofibroblasts occurs, which is accompanied by the rearrangement of actin cytoskeleton with the expression of alpha-smooth muscle actin. This transformation is a prerequisite for a successful wound healing. At the same time, different studies indicate that extracellular matrix may be involved in regulation of this process. Since the connection between cells and matrix is provided by transmembrane integrin receptors, this work was aimed at studying the dynamics of signaling pathways associated with integrins on an in vitro model of wound healing using human skin fibroblasts. It was shown that the healing of simulated wound was accompanied by a change in the level of integrins as well as integrin-associated kinases ILK (integrin-linked kinase) and FAK (focal adhesion kinase). Pharmacological inhibition of ILK and FAK caused the suppression of p38 and Akt which proteins are involved in regulation of the actin cytoskeleton. Moreover, it resulted in an inefficient wound closure in vitro. The results of this study support the involvement of integrin-associated kinases in regulation of fibroblast-to-myofibroblast transition during wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalya Bildyug
- Institute of Cytology Russian Academy of Sciences, Centre for Cell Technologies, Tikhoretsky ave. 4, 194064, Saint Petersburg, Russia.
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210
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Zendedel E, Tayebi L, Nikbakht M, Hasanzadeh E, Asadpour S. Clinical Trials of Mesenchymal Stem Cells for the Treatment of COVID 19. Curr Stem Cell Res Ther 2024; 19:1055-1071. [PMID: 37815188 DOI: 10.2174/011574888x260032230925052240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) are being investigated as a treatment for a novel viral disease owing to their immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, tissue repair and regeneration characteristics, however, the exact processes are unknown. MSC therapy was found to be effective in lowering immune system overactivation and increasing endogenous healing after SARS-CoV-2 infection by improving the pulmonary microenvironment. Many studies on mesenchymal stem cells have been undertaken concurrently, and we may help speed up the effectiveness of these studies by collecting and statistically analyzing data from them. Based on clinical trial information found on clinicaltrials. gov and on 16 November 2020, which includes 63 clinical trials in the field of patient treatment with COVID-19 using MSCs, according to the trend of increasing studies in this field, and with the help of meta-analysis studies, it is possible to hope that the promise of MSCs will one day be realized. The potential therapeutic applications of MSCs for COVID-19 are investigated in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Zendedel
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Lobat Tayebi
- Marquett University School of Dentistry, Milwaukee, WI, 53233, USA
| | - Mohammad Nikbakht
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Elham Hasanzadeh
- Immunogenetics Research Center, Department of Tissue Engineering & Regenerative Medicine, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Shiva Asadpour
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
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211
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Jeyaraman M, Jeyaraman N, Nallakumarasamy A, Ramasubramanian S, Yadav S. Critical Challenges and Frontiers in Cartilage Tissue Engineering. Cureus 2024; 16:e53095. [PMID: 38414693 PMCID: PMC10897756 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.53095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Cartilage tissue engineering has witnessed considerable advancements since its establishment in 1977, evolving from rudimentary surgical interventions to more nuanced biotechnological approaches. The field has navigated various challenges encompassing cellular considerations, scaffold material selection, environmental factors, and ethical and regulatory constraints. Innovations in cell source diversification, including chondrocytes, mesenchymal stem cells, and induced pluripotent stem cells, have been instrumental but not without their limitations, such as restricted cell proliferation and ethical dilemmas. Scaffold materials offer a unique dichotomy between natural substrates, which provide biocompatibility, and synthetic matrices, which grant mechanical integrity. However, translational hurdles in clinical applicability persist. Environmental factors, such as growth factors and thermal and mechanical forces, have been recognized as influential variables in cellular behavior and tissue maturation. Despite these strides, integration with host tissue remains a significant challenge, involving mechanical and immunological complexities. Looking forward, emerging technologies such as 3D and 4D printing, nanotechnology, and molecular therapies hold the promise of refining scaffold design and enhancing tissue regeneration. As the field continues to mature, a multidisciplinary approach encompassing thorough scientific investigation and collaboration is indispensable for overcoming existing challenges and realizing its full clinical potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhan Jeyaraman
- Orthopaedics, ACS Medical College and Hospital, Dr MGR Educational and Research Institute, Chennai, IND
| | - Naveen Jeyaraman
- Orthopaedics, ACS Medical College and Hospital, Dr MGR Educational and Research Institute, Chennai, IND
| | - Arulkumar Nallakumarasamy
- Orthopaedics, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Karaikal, IND
| | | | - Sankalp Yadav
- Medicine, Shri Madan Lal Khurana Chest Clinic, New Delhi, IND
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212
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Wang Y, Zhang Y, Wang P, Jing T, Hu Y, Chen X. Research Progress on Antiviral Activity of Heparin. Curr Med Chem 2024; 31:7-24. [PMID: 36740803 DOI: 10.2174/0929867330666230203124032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Heparin, as a glycosaminoglycan, is known for its anticoagulant and antithrombotic properties for several decades. Heparin is a life-saving drug and is widely used for anticoagulation in medical practice. In recent years, there have been extensive studies that heparin plays an important role in non-anticoagulant diseases, such as anti-inflammatory, anti-viral, anti-angiogenesis, anti-neoplastic, anti-metastatic effects, and so on. Clinical observation and in vitro experiments indicate that heparin displays a potential multitarget effect. In this brief review, we will summarize heparin and its derivative's recently studied progress for the treatment of various viral infections. The aim is to maximize the benefits of drugs through medically targeted development, to meet the unmet clinical needs of serious viral diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wang
- Chinese Materia Medica Pharmacology, Shandong Academy of Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Yanqing Zhang
- Shandong VeriSign Test Detection Co., LTD, Jinan, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Chinese Materia Medica Pharmacology, Shandong Academy of Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Tianyuan Jing
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yanan Hu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Xiushan Chen
- Zhenjiang Runjing High Purity Chemical Technology Co., Ltd., Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
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213
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Wang Y, Li HY, Guan SY, Yu SH, Zhou YC, Zheng LW, Zhang J. Different Sources of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells: A Comparison of Subchondral, Mandibular, and Tibia Bone-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Curr Stem Cell Res Ther 2024; 19:1029-1041. [PMID: 37937557 DOI: 10.2174/011574888x260686231023091127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stem cell properties vary considerably based on the source and tissue site of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). The mandibular condyle is a unique kind of craniofacial bone with a special structure and a relatively high remodeling rate. MSCs here may also be unique to address specific physical needs. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to compare the proliferation and multidirectional differentiation potential among MSCs derived from the tibia (TMSCs), mandibular ramus marrow (MMSCs), and condylar subchondral bone (SMSCs) of rats in vitro. METHODS Cell proliferation and migration were assessed by CCK-8, laser confocal, and cell scratch assays. Histochemical staining and real-time PCR were used to evaluate the multidirectional differentiation potential and DNA methylation and histone deacetylation levels. RESULTS The proliferation rate and self-renewal capacity of SMSCs were significantly higher than those of MMSCs and TMSCs. Moreover, SMSCs possessed significantly higher mineralization and osteogenic differentiation potential. Dnmt2, Dnmt3b, Hdac6, Hdac7, Hdac9, and Hdac10 may be instrumental in the osteogenesis of SMSCs. In addition, SMSCs are distinct from MMSCs and TMSCs with lower adipogenic differentiation and chondrogenic differentiation potential. The multidirectional differentiation capacities of TMSCs were exactly the opposite of those of SMSCs, and the results of MMSCs were intermediate. CONCLUSION This research offers a new paradigm in which SMSCs could be a useful source of stem cells for further application in stem cell-based medical therapies due to their strong cell renewal and osteogenic capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hong-Yu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shu-Yuan Guan
- Department of Stomatology, Medical College, Dalian University, Dalian, 116622, Liaoning, China
| | - Si-Han Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ya-Chuan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Li-Wei Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Kunming Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Kunming, China
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214
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Schreiber B, Tripathi S, Nikiforow S, Chandraker A. Adoptive Immune Effector Cell Therapies in Cancer and Solid Organ Transplantation: A Review. Semin Nephrol 2024; 44:151498. [PMID: 38555223 DOI: 10.1016/j.semnephrol.2024.151498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Cancer is one of the most devastating complications of kidney transplantation and constitutes one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality among solid organ transplantation (SOT) recipients. Immunosuppression, although effective in preventing allograft rejection, inherently inhibits immune surveillance against oncogenic viral infections and malignancy. Adoptive cell therapy, particularly immune effector cell therapy, has long been a modality of interest in both cancer and transplantation, though has only recently stepped into the spotlight with the development of virus-specific T-cell therapy and chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy. Although these modalities are best described in hematopoietic cell transplantation and hematologic malignancies, their potential application in the SOT setting may hold tremendous promise for those with limited therapeutic options. In this review, we provide a brief overview of the development of adoptive cell therapies with a focus on virus-specific T-cell therapy and chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy. We also describe the current experience of these therapies in the SOT setting as well as the challenges in their application and future directions in their development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittany Schreiber
- Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Sudipta Tripathi
- Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Sarah Nikiforow
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Anil Chandraker
- Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA.
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215
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Al-Ramahi JS, Shahzad M, Nguyen A, Li K, Amin MK, Ahmed N, Lutfi F, DeJarnette S, Chaudhary SG, Bansal R, Abdelhakim H, Shune L, Abdallah AO, Singh AK, Abhyankar SH, McGuirk JP, Mushtaq MU. Favorable outcomes following CD34-selected stem cell boost for poor graft function after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant 2024; 59:134-137. [PMID: 37833526 DOI: 10.1038/s41409-023-02125-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Joe S Al-Ramahi
- Division of Hematologic Malignancies & Cellular Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Moazzam Shahzad
- Division of Hematologic Malignancies & Cellular Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Andrea Nguyen
- Division of Hematologic Malignancies & Cellular Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Kevin Li
- Division of Hematologic Malignancies & Cellular Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Muhammad Kashif Amin
- Division of Hematologic Malignancies & Cellular Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Nausheen Ahmed
- Division of Hematologic Malignancies & Cellular Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Forat Lutfi
- Division of Hematologic Malignancies & Cellular Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Shaun DeJarnette
- Division of Hematologic Malignancies & Cellular Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Sibgha Gull Chaudhary
- Division of Hematologic Malignancies & Cellular Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Rajat Bansal
- Division of Hematologic Malignancies & Cellular Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Haitham Abdelhakim
- Division of Hematologic Malignancies & Cellular Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Leyla Shune
- Division of Hematologic Malignancies & Cellular Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Al-Ola Abdallah
- Division of Hematologic Malignancies & Cellular Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Anurag K Singh
- Division of Hematologic Malignancies & Cellular Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Sunil H Abhyankar
- Division of Hematologic Malignancies & Cellular Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Joseph P McGuirk
- Division of Hematologic Malignancies & Cellular Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Muhammad Umair Mushtaq
- Division of Hematologic Malignancies & Cellular Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA.
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216
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Margiana R. Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes in preeclampsia: A next-generation therapeutic tool. Cell Biochem Funct 2024; 42:e3908. [PMID: 38269498 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Preeclampsia (PE) is a major gestational disorder that causes both long- and short-term damage to both the mother and the fetus. Endometrium decidualization and the formation of the placenta are orchestrated by mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). MSCs obtained from patients with PE exhibit an elevated rate of aging and apoptosis, which impairs the interplay between MSCs and endothelium, trophoblast, and immune cells in the placenta, accelerating the onset of PE. Preclinical and clinical evidence imply that the MSC-based therapy approach for PE is prospective. Importantly, as a novel cell-free approach, MSC-derived exosomes can improve symptoms and maternal-fetal survival in PE models by raising cell metabolism, encouraging angiogenesis balance, and regulating immune responses. Even following allogeneic administration, the likelihood of immune rejection is very limited as a result of the small quantity of exosome membrane-bound proteins. Furthermore, because exosomes do not expand, developing tumors is not probable. As a result, MSC-derived exosomes show superiority over MSCs in terms of safety. For the first time, we outline the properties of MSC-exosomes and highlight their functions and potential as a new paradigm for PE therapy in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ria Margiana
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
- Master's Programme Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
- Andrology Program, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
- Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia
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217
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Yamshon S, Gribbin C, Chen Z, Demetres M, Pasciolla M, Alhomoud M, Martin P, Shore T. Efficacy and Toxicity of CD19 Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cell Therapy for Lymphoma in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Transplant Cell Ther 2024; 30:73.e1-73.e12. [PMID: 37279856 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtct.2023.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The safety and efficacy of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy in solid organ transplant recipients is poorly understood, given the paucity of available data in this patient population. There is a theoretical risk of compromising transplanted organ function with CAR T cell therapy; conversely, organ transplantation-related immunosuppression can alter the function of CAR T cells. Given the prevalence of post-transplantation lymphoproliferative disease, which often can be difficult to treat with conventional chemoimmunotherapy, understanding the risks and benefits of delivering lymphoma-directed CAR T cell therapy in solid organ transplant recipients is of utmost importance. We sought to determine the efficacy of CAR T cell therapy in solid organ transplant recipients as well as the associated adverse effects, including cytokine release syndrome (CRS), immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS), and compromised solid organ transplant function. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of adult recipients of solid organ transplant who received CAR T cell therapy for non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Primary outcomes included efficacy, defined as overall response (OR), complete response (CR), progression-free survival, and overall survival, as well as rates of CRS and ICANS. Secondary outcomes included rates of transplanted organ loss, compromised organ function, and alterations to immunosuppressant regimens. After a systematic literature review and 2-reviewer screening process, we identified 10 studies suitable for descriptive analysis and 4 studies suitable for meta-analysis. Among all patients, 69% (24 of 35) achieved a response to CAR T cell therapy, and 52% (18 of 35) achieved a CR. CRS of any grade occurred in 83% (29 of 35), and CRS grade ≥3 occurred in 9% (3 of 35). Sixty percent of the patients (21 of 35) developed ICANS, and 34% (12 of 35) developed ICANS grade ≥3. The incidence of any grade 5 toxicity among all patients was 11% (4 of 35). Fourteen percent of the patients (5 of 35) experienced loss of the transplanted organ. Immunosuppressant therapy was held in 22 patients but eventually restarted in 68% of them (15 of 22). Among the studies included in the meta-analysis, the pooled OR rate was 70% (95% confidence interval [CI], 29.2% to 100%; I2 = 71%) and the pooled CR rate was 46% (95% CI, 25.4% to 67.8%; I2 = 29%). The rates of any grade CRS and grade ≥3 CRS were 88% (95% CI, 69% to 99%; I2 = 0%) and 5% (95% CI, 0% to 21%; I2 = 0%), respectively. The rates of any grade ICANS and ICANS grade ≥3 were 54% (95% CI, 9% to 96%; I2 = 68%) and 40% (95% CI, 3% to 85%; I2 = 63%), respectively. The efficacy of CAR T cell therapy in solid organ transplant recipients is comparable to that in the general population as reported in prior investigational studies, with an acceptable toxicity profile in terms of CRS, ICANS, and transplanted organ compromise. Further studies are needed to determine long-term effects on organ function, sustained response rates, and best practices peri-CAR T infusion period in this patient population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Yamshon
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York.
| | - Caitlin Gribbin
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Zhengming Chen
- Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Weill Cornell Medicine and New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York
| | - Michelle Demetres
- Samuel J. Wood Library & CV Starr Biomedical Information Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Michelle Pasciolla
- Department of Pharmacy, New York-Presbyterian Hospital/Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Mohammad Alhomoud
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Peter Martin
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Tsiporah Shore
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
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218
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Pandey H, Jain D, Tang DWT, Wong SH, Lal D. Gut microbiota in pathophysiology, diagnosis, and therapeutics of inflammatory bowel disease. Intest Res 2024; 22:15-43. [PMID: 37935653 PMCID: PMC10850697 DOI: 10.5217/ir.2023.00080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a multifactorial disease, which is thought to be an interplay between genetic, environment, microbiota, and immune-mediated factors. Dysbiosis in the gut microbial composition, caused by antibiotics and diet, is closely related to the initiation and progression of IBD. Differences in gut microbiota composition between IBD patients and healthy individuals have been found, with reduced biodiversity of commensal microbes and colonization of opportunistic microbes in IBD patients. Gut microbiota can, therefore, potentially be used for diagnosing and prognosticating IBD, and predicting its treatment response. Currently, there are no curative therapies for IBD. Microbiota-based interventions, including probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation, have been recognized as promising therapeutic strategies. Clinical studies and studies done in animal models have provided sufficient evidence that microbiota-based interventions may improve inflammation, the remission rate, and microscopic aspects of IBD. Further studies are required to better understand the mechanisms of action of such interventions. This will help in enhancing their effectiveness and developing personalized therapies. The present review summarizes the relationship between gut microbiota and IBD immunopathogenesis. It also discusses the use of gut microbiota as a noninvasive biomarker and potential therapeutic option.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Daryl W. T. Tang
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Sunny H. Wong
- Centre for Microbiome Medicine, Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Devi Lal
- Department of Zoology, Ramjas College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
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Waciakowski D, Kohout A, Brožík J, Šponer P. [Assessing the Correlation between the Radiological, Macroscopic and Histological Examination of Degenerative Changes of Articular Surfaces in Knee Osteoarthritis with Varus Deformity]. ACTA CHIRURGIAE ORTHOPAEDICAE ET TRAUMATOLOGIAE CECHOSLOVACA 2024; 91:88-95. [PMID: 38801664 DOI: 10.55095/achot2024/013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF THE STUDY Our study aims to compare the results of preoperative radiography and intraoperative visual assessment of the cartilage with histological assessment of joint surfaces of the medial and lateral compartments resected in patients during the total knee replacement. MATERIAL AND METHODS The cohort included 20 patients (9 men and 11 women) with the mean age of 66.6 (±7.0) years who met the inclusion criteria of the study. Degenerative changes of the knee joint seen on a preoperative weight-bearing anteroposterior X-ray were evaluated according to the Kellgren-Lawrence grading system separately for the medial and lateral compartment. Based on the visual appearance, the condition of articular surfaces was assessed using the International Cartilage Repair Society Score (ICRS Grade). The histological assessment of degenerative changes was conducted by a pathologist with the use of the Osteoarthritis Research Society International Osteoarthritis Cartilage Histopathology Assessment System based on six grades of articular cartilage degeneration. RESULTS The mean degree of degenerative changes based on the radiological classification was assessed as 3.5 (±0.6) for the medial compartment and 2.1 (±0.4) for the lateral compartment. The visually assessed chondropathy according to the ICRS Grade was 3.7 (±0.6) for the medial femoral condyle and 1.8 (±1.0) for the lateral femoral condyle. The histological score obtained using the Osteoarthritis Research Society International Osteoarthritis Cartilage Histopathology Assessment was 4.9 (±1.1) for the medial femoral condyle and 2.4 (±0.7) for the lateral femoral condyle. In respect of the medial compartment, there was no statistically significant parametric correlation between the intraoperative visual assessment of the cartilage degeneration and the preoperative radiological grade r = 0.45. The histological assessment showed a statistically significant concordance both with the degree of chondropathy r = 0.76 and the radiological grade r = 0.64. In the lateral compartment, the parametric test showed a statistically significant concordance only between the radiological grade and the histological score r = 0.72. The correlation between the visual assessment of chondropathy and the radiological grade r = 0.27 as well as the histological score r = 0.24 was very low. DISCUSSION In our cohort assessing the early degenerative changes of the lateral compartment as well as the more advanced degenerative changes of the medial compartment, the correlation between the intraoperative assessment of cartilage degeneration as a diagnostic method to examine the lateral compartment and the preoperative radiological grade was not confirmed. Our results failed to confirm a better reporting value of the visual cartilage degeneration assessment of the lateral compartment as against the preoperative X-ray. The space width without narrowing on an X-ray has no reporting value for this compartment in case of varus deformity. CONCLUSIONS The results clearly indicate that the assessment of macroscopic appearance of the cartilage degeneration during arthroscopy does not necessarily guarantee good long-term clinical outcomes after high tibial osteotomy. The respective degrees of cartilage degeneration identified during the intraoperative visual assessment and the radiological grading of osteoarthritic changes did not correlate in either compartment. In the lateral compartment, the initial radiological and histological findings preceded the visually detectable cartilage changes. KEY WORDS knee, cartilage, osteoarthritis, radiology, histology, arthroscopy, osteotomy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - A Kohout
- Fingerlandův ústav patologie, Fakultní nemocnice a Lékařská fakulta Hradec Králové, Univerzita Karlova Praha
| | - J Brožík
- Radiologická klinika, Fakultní nemocnice a Lékařská fakulta Hradec Králové, Univerzita Karlova Praha
| | - P Šponer
- Ortopedická klinika, Fakultní nemocnice a Lékařská fakulta Hradec Králové, Univerzita Karlova Praha
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220
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Deftereos SN, Vavougios GD, Bakirtzis C, Hadjigeorgiou G, Grigoriadis N. Effects of High Efficacy Multiple Sclerosis Disease Modifying Drugs on the Immune Synapse: A Systematic Review. Curr Pharm Des 2024; 30:536-551. [PMID: 38343058 DOI: 10.2174/0113816128288102240131053205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Co-signaling and adhesion molecules are important elements for creating immune synapses between T lymphocytes and antigen-presenting cells; they positively or negatively regulate the interaction between a T cell receptor with its cognate antigen, presented by the major histocompatibility complex. OBJECTIVES We conducted a systematic review on the effects of High Efficacy Disease Modifying Drugs (HEDMDs) for Multiple Sclerosis (MS) on the co-signaling and adhesion molecules that form the immune synapse. METHODS We searched EMBASE, MEDLINE, and other sources to identify clinical or preclinical reports on the effects of HEDMDs on co-signaling and adhesion molecules that participate in the formation of immune synapses in patients with MS or other autoimmune disorders. We included reports on cladribine tablets, anti- CD20 monoclonal antibodies, S1P modulators, inhibitors of Bruton's Tyrosine Kinase, and natalizumab. RESULTS In 56 eligible reports among 7340 total publications, limited relevant evidence was uncovered. Not all co-signaling and adhesion molecules have been studied in relation to every HEDMD, with more data being available on the anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies (that affect CD80, CD86, GITR and TIGIT), cladribine tablets (affecting CD28, CD40, ICAM-1, LFA-1) and the S1P modulators (affecting CD86, ICAM-1 and LFA-1) and less on Natalizumab (affecting CD80, CD86, CD40, LFA-1, VLA-4) and Alemtuzumab (affecting GITR and CTLA-4). CONCLUSION The puzzle of HEDMD effects on the immune synapse is far from complete. The available evidence suggests that distinguishing differences exist between drugs and are worth pursuing further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Spyros N Deftereos
- Second Department of Neurology, Special Unit for Biomedical Research and Education (S.U.B.R.E.), School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
- Merck S.A., Greece, an Affiliate of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - George D Vavougios
- Department of Neurology, Medical School, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Christos Bakirtzis
- Second Department of Neurology, Special Unit for Biomedical Research and Education (S.U.B.R.E.), School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - George Hadjigeorgiou
- Medical School, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
- Cyprus Academy of Sciences, Letters and Arts, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Nikolaos Grigoriadis
- Second Department of Neurology, Special Unit for Biomedical Research and Education (S.U.B.R.E.), School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
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Tao Y, Jiang LM, Zhou C, Lin YX, Yang YQ, Wang YH. Correlation analysis of hypertension, traditional Chinese medicine constitution, and LPL gene polymorphism in the elderly in communities in Shanghai. Technol Health Care 2024; 32:255-267. [PMID: 37125587 DOI: 10.3233/thc-220908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Research on the genetic mechanisms of hypertension has been a hot topic in the cardiovascular field. OBJECTIVE To study the correlation between senile hypertension and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) constitution and lipoprotein lipase (LPL) gene polymorphism and to provide the theoretical basis for TCM prevention and treatment of hypertension. METHODS The elderly population in communities in Shanghai (hypertensive: 264 cases; non-hypertensive: 159 cases) was taken as the research object. Essential data and information on TCM constitution were collected. The LPL gene mutation was detected using the second-generation sequencing method. Statistical analysis was performed to clarify the relationship between hypertension and senile hypertension. The correlation of TCM constitution with risk factors and LPL gene polymorphisms was studied. RESULTS The primary TCM constitutions in the hypertension group were phlegm-dampness constitution (51.52%), yin-deficiency constitution (17.42%), balanced constitution (15.53%), and yin-deficiency (9.43%). Logistic regression analysis showed that the phlegm-dampness constitution (P< 0.05, OR = 2.587) and yin-deficiency constitution (P< 0.01, OR = 2.693) were the risk constitutions of hypertension in the elderly. A total of 37 LPL gene mutation loci (SNP: 22; new discovery: 15) were detected in the LPL gene, and the mutation rates of rs254, rs255, rs3208305, rs316, rs11570891, rs328, rs11570893, and rs13702 were relatively high, which were 26.24%, 26.24%, 16.08%, 14.66%, 13.24%, 12.06%, and 10.64%. In the phlegm-dampness group, the proportion of rs254 CC type, rs255 TT type, and rs13702 TT type in the hypertensive group (77.21%, 77.21%, and 93.38%) was higher than that in the non-hypertensive group (56.41%, 56.41%, and 82.05%), The difference was statistically significant (P< 0.05). CONCLUSION The phlegm-dampness constitution and yin-deficiency constitution are the risk factors of hypertension in the elderly; in the phlegm-dampness population, rs254 CC type, rs255 TT type, and rs13702 TT type are the risk factors for elderly hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Tao
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Pudong New Area Puxing Community Health Service Center, Shanghai, China
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Li-Ming Jiang
- Department of Rehabilitation, Seventh People's Hospital of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chang Zhou
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yun-Xiao Lin
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan-Qing Yang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Pudong New Area Puxing Community Health Service Center, Shanghai, China
| | - You-Hua Wang
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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222
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Panda D, Nayak S. Stem Cell-Based Tissue Engineering Approaches for Diabetic Foot Ulcer: a Review from Mechanism to Clinical Trial. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2024; 20:88-123. [PMID: 37867186 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-023-10640-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is a complication from incomplete or prolonged wound healing, at times requires amputation, putting substantial health and socioeconomic burden. Wound healing is a dynamic overlapping process that can be regulated by arrays of molecular factors showing redundancy in function. However, dysregulation in the mechanism of angiogenesis, extra cellular matrix (ECM) formation and immune modulation are the major causes for impair wound healing in hyperglycaemic patients. Despite development of wound care research, there is a lack of well-accepted targeted therapy with multidisciplinary approach for DFU treatment. Stem cell therapy holds a promising outcome both in preclinical and clinical trials because of its ability to promote healing via regeneration and specialized tissue differentiation. Among different types of stem cells, regenerative potential of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) is well demonstrated in both experimental and clinical trial. Still there is a huge knowledge gap among medical practitioners for deciding the best stem cell source, administration route, and safety. This review strengthens the fact that why stem cell therapy is a promising candidate to treat DFU and cited multiple tissue engineering and biomaterial-based approaches for delivering stem cells and their aftermath paracrine events. Based on the pre-clinical and clinical studies, the review tried to come up with optimum stem cell source and delivery route for the treatment of DFU. At last, the review glances on possible direction to enhance therapeutics strategy for the same, including different approaches like: phytocompounds, exosomes, scaffold geometry, cell preconditioning and licensing etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debarchan Panda
- Department of Integrative Biology, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
| | - Sunita Nayak
- Department of Integrative Biology, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India.
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Le Guen C, Grain A, Le Calvez B, Saiagh S, Vrignaud F, Eveillard M, Clémenceau B, Zahar MB. [Can academic structures improve access to CAR-T cells?]. Bull Cancer 2024; 111:62-72. [PMID: 38030508 DOI: 10.1016/j.bulcan.2023.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
In France, hospital cell therapy units have not been authorised to routinely produce chimeric antigen receptor T lymphocytes (CAR-T cells), which would then be referred to as academic CAR-T cells. CAR-T cells are classified as advanced therapy medicinal products and correspond to genetically modified T lymphocytes ex vivo. The CAR-T cell production process is complex and requires scientific and technical expertise to meet the acceptance criteria of the pharmaceutical quality system. The most commonly used method for genetically modifying T lymphocytes is viral transduction (lentiviral or retroviral), which requires prior access to a batch of good manufacturing practice (GMP) grade viral vector. Because of its cost, this reagent is the main limiting factor for developing CAR-T cells. A CAR-T cell produced by an industrial company is expensive (around €350,000 per injection) and the time taken by the manufacturer to make it available to the clinician can vary from three to five weeks. By meeting the economic and ecological challenges, can academic structures improve access to CAR-T cells? In this article, we present the elements necessary for the feasibility of setting up CAR-T cell production in an academic structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Le Guen
- Unité de thérapie cellulaire et génique, CHU de Nantes, 44093 Nantes, France.
| | - Audrey Grain
- Unité d'oncologie pédiatrique, CHU de Nantes, 44093 Nantes, France; Nantes Université, Inserm UMR 1307, CNRS UMR 6075, Université d'Angers, CRCI2NA, 44000 Nantes, France
| | | | - Soraya Saiagh
- Unité de thérapie cellulaire et génique, CHU de Nantes, 44093 Nantes, France
| | - Florence Vrignaud
- Unité de thérapie cellulaire et génique, CHU de Nantes, 44093 Nantes, France
| | - Marion Eveillard
- Unité d'hématologie biologique, CHU de Nantes, 44093 Nantes, France
| | - Béatrice Clémenceau
- Unité de thérapie cellulaire et génique, CHU de Nantes, 44093 Nantes, France; Nantes Université, Inserm UMR 1307, CNRS UMR 6075, Université d'Angers, CRCI2NA, 44000 Nantes, France
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Attar LJ, Alelaimat A, Alshorman A, Aladily TN. MPIG6B Gene-Related Myelofibrosis: A Rare Inherited Disease That Is Frequently Described in Arab Population. Avicenna J Med 2024; 14:69-72. [PMID: 38694137 PMCID: PMC11057892 DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1779697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The megakaryocyte and platelet inhibitory receptor gene G6P (MPIG6B) is located on chromosome 6p21.33. It encodes G6b-B; an inhibitory receptor expressed on the surface of platelets. It regulates platelets production, aggregation, and activation. We describe a case of a 31-year-old man who presented with a long history of thrombocytopenia, anemia, and hepatosplenomegaly. The patient received multiple blood transfusions and his clinical course was stable. A bone marrow biopsy showed morphologic features similar to primary myelofibrosis. Whole exome sequencing study was performed and revealed homozygous pathogenic mutation in exon 2 of MPIG6B gene (c.324C > A, p.Cys108Ter) that is the second reported case in literature. In this report, we describe the main clinical and pathologic features of this disease and review the literature of previously documented cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leen Jihad Attar
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | | | - Alaa Alshorman
- Department of Hematology, Ministry of Health, Amman, Jordan
| | - Tariq N. Aladily
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
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225
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Singh R, Singh V, Kumari P, Aggarwal N, Oberoi M, Khan H, Singh TG. Evolutionary Unmasking Resuscitative Therapeutics Potential of Centhaquin Citrate in Hypovolemic Shock. CNS & NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS DRUG TARGETS 2024; 23:812-818. [PMID: 37357510 DOI: 10.2174/1871527322666230623113013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
Hypovolemic shock (HS), a clinical condition of insufficient blood perfusion and oxygenation in body tissues, is associated with immense morbidity and mortality. Treatment approaches include fluid replacement and surgical repair of reversible causes of hemorrhage; however, they cause irreversible blood perfusion loss, systemic inflammation, multiple organ failure, and death. Centhaquin citrate (CC) is an innovative centrally acting cardiovascular active agent that is initially intended as an antihypertensive drug. However, due to its positive ionotropic effect, Centhaquin citrate is being tested clinically as a resuscitative agent for the management of hypovolemic shock It acts at the α2B-adrenergic receptor to produce venous constriction followed by an increase in venous return to the heart. These actions are assumed to be capable of resuscitative activity observed by centhaquin citrate, through an increase in cardiac output and tissue perfusion. Pharmacokinetics investigations in animals and humans have shown that centhaquin citrate is well tolerated and has insignificant side effects. Therefore, centhaquin citrate seems to be a promising entity and gaining the interest of researchers to develop it as a resuscitative agent in HS. The review gives insight into the development of centhaquin citrate as a resuscitative agent and provides insight into the associated mechanism of action and molecular signalling to foster future research on CC for its clinical use in HS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravinder Singh
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Varinder Singh
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Pratima Kumari
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Namita Aggarwal
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Muskaan Oberoi
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Heena Khan
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
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226
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da Silva MDV, Piva M, Martelossi-Cebinelli G, Stinglin Rosa Ribas M, Hoffmann Salles Bianchini B, K Heintz O, Casagrande R, Verri WA. Stem cells and pain. World J Stem Cells 2023; 15:1035-1062. [PMID: 38179216 PMCID: PMC10762525 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v15.i12.1035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Pain can be defined as an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience caused by either actual or potential tissue damage or even resemble that unpleasant experience. For years, science has sought to find treatment alternatives, with minimal side effects, to relieve pain. However, the currently available pharmacological options on the market show significant adverse events. Therefore, the search for a safer and highly efficient analgesic treatment has become a priority. Stem cells (SCs) are non-specialized cells with a high capacity for replication, self-renewal, and a wide range of differentiation possibilities. In this review, we provide evidence that the immune and neuromodulatory properties of SCs can be a valuable tool in the search for ideal treatment strategies for different types of pain. With the advantage of multiple administration routes and dosages, therapies based on SCs for pain relief have demonstrated meaningful results with few downsides. Nonetheless, there are still more questions than answers when it comes to the mechanisms and pathways of pain targeted by SCs. Thus, this is an evolving field that merits further investigation towards the development of SC-based analgesic therapies, and this review will approach all of these aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matheus Deroco Veloso da Silva
- Department of Pathology, Laboratory of Pain, Inflammation, Neuropathy and Cancer, State University of Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Maiara Piva
- Department of Pathology, Laboratory of Pain, Inflammation, Neuropathy and Cancer, State University of Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Geovana Martelossi-Cebinelli
- Department of Pathology, Laboratory of Pain, Inflammation, Neuropathy and Cancer, State University of Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Mariana Stinglin Rosa Ribas
- Department of Pathology, Laboratory of Pain, Inflammation, Neuropathy and Cancer, State University of Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Beatriz Hoffmann Salles Bianchini
- Department of Pathology, Laboratory of Pain, Inflammation, Neuropathy and Cancer, State University of Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Olivia K Heintz
- Morningside Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, United States
| | - Rubia Casagrande
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center of Health Science, State University of Londrina, Londrina 86038-440, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Waldiceu A Verri
- Department of Pathology, Laboratory of Pain, Inflammation, Neuropathy and Cancer, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Paraná, Brazil.
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227
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Park JJ, Lee KAV, Lam SZ, Tang K, Chen S. Genome Engineering for Next-Generation Cellular Immunotherapies. Biochemistry 2023; 62:3455-3464. [PMID: 35930700 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.2c00340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Over the past decade, cellular immunotherapies such as CAR-T, TCR-T, and NK cell therapies have achieved tremendous success in cancer treatment. However, various challenges and obstacles remain, including antigen escape, immunosuppression in the tumor microenvironment, toxicities, and on-target off-tumor effects. Recent strategies for overcoming these roadblocks have included the use of genome engineering. Multiplexed CRISPR-Cas and synthetic biology approaches facilitate the development of cell therapies with higher potency and sophisticated modular control; they also offer a toolkit for allogeneic therapy development. Engineering approaches have targeted genetic modifications to enhance long-term persistence through cytokine modulation, knockout of genes mediating immunosuppressive signals, and genes such as the endogenous TCR and MHC-I that elicit adverse host-graft interactions in an allogeneic context. Genome engineering approaches for other immune cell types are also being explored, such as CAR macrophages and CAR-NK cells. Future therapeutic development of cellular immunotherapies may also be guided by novel target discovery through unbiased CRISPR genetic screening approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan J Park
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
- System Biology Institute, Yale University, 850 West Campus Drive, West Haven, Connecticut 06516, United States
- Center for Cancer Systems Biology, Yale University, 850 West Campus Drive, West Haven, Connecticut 06516, United States
- M.D.-Ph.D. Program, Yale University, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
- Molecular Cell Biology, Genetics, and Development Program, Yale University, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Kyoung A V Lee
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
- System Biology Institute, Yale University, 850 West Campus Drive, West Haven, Connecticut 06516, United States
- Center for Cancer Systems Biology, Yale University, 850 West Campus Drive, West Haven, Connecticut 06516, United States
- Department of Biostatistics, Yale School of Public Health, 60 College Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06510, United States
| | - Stanley Z Lam
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
- System Biology Institute, Yale University, 850 West Campus Drive, West Haven, Connecticut 06516, United States
- Center for Cancer Systems Biology, Yale University, 850 West Campus Drive, West Haven, Connecticut 06516, United States
| | - Kaiyuan Tang
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
- System Biology Institute, Yale University, 850 West Campus Drive, West Haven, Connecticut 06516, United States
- Center for Cancer Systems Biology, Yale University, 850 West Campus Drive, West Haven, Connecticut 06516, United States
| | - Sidi Chen
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
- System Biology Institute, Yale University, 850 West Campus Drive, West Haven, Connecticut 06516, United States
- Center for Cancer Systems Biology, Yale University, 850 West Campus Drive, West Haven, Connecticut 06516, United States
- M.D.-Ph.D. Program, Yale University, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
- Molecular Cell Biology, Genetics, and Development Program, Yale University, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
- Immunobiology Program, Yale University, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
- Yale Comprehensive Cancer Center, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
- Yale Stem Cell Center, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
- Yale Center for Biomedical Data Science, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
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228
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Du B, Zhang J, Kong L, Shi H, Zhang D, Wang X, Yang C, Li P, Yao R, Liang C, Wu L, Huang Z. Ovarian Tumor Domain-Containing 7B Attenuates Pathological Cardiac Hypertrophy by Inhibiting Ubiquitination and Degradation of Krüppel-Like Factor 4. J Am Heart Assoc 2023; 12:e029745. [PMID: 38084712 PMCID: PMC10863784 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.123.029745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiac hypertrophy (CH) is a well-established risk factor for many cardiovascular diseases and a primary cause of mortality and morbidity among older adults. Currently, no pharmacological interventions have been specifically tailored to treat CH. OTUD7B (ovarian tumor domain-containing 7B) is a member of the ovarian tumor-related protease (OTU) family that regulates many important cell signaling pathways. However, the role of OTUD7B in the development of CH is unclear. Therefore, we investigated the role of OTUD7B in CH. METHODS AND RESULTS OTUD7B knockout mice were used to assay the role of OTUD7B in CH after transverse aortic coarctation surgery. We further assayed the specific functions of OTUD7B in isolated neonatal rat cardiomyocytes. We found that OTUD7B expression decreased in hypertrophic mice hearts and phenylephrine-stimulated neonatal rat cardiomyocytes. Furthermore, OTUD7B deficiency exacerbated transverse aortic coarctation surgery-induced myocardial hypertrophy, abnormal cardiac function, and fibrosis. In cardiac myocytes, OTUD7B knockdown promoted phenylephrine stimulation-induced myocardial hypertrophy, whereas OTUD7B overexpression had the opposite effect. An immunoprecipitation-mass spectrometry analysis showed that OTUD7B directly binds to KLF4 (Krüppel-like factor 4). Additional molecular experiments showed that OTUD7B impedes KLF4 degradation by inhibiting lysine residue at 48 site-linked ubiquitination and suppressing myocardial hypertrophy by activating the serine/threonine kinase pathway. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate that the OTUD7B-KLF4 axis is a novel molecular target for CH treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin‐Bin Du
- Cardiovascular Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Jie‐Lei Zhang
- Department of EndocrinologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Ling‐Yao Kong
- Cardiovascular Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Hui‐Ting Shi
- Cardiovascular Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Dian‐Hong Zhang
- Cardiovascular Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Xing Wang
- Cardiovascular Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Chun‐Lei Yang
- Cardiovascular Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Peng‐Cheng Li
- Cardiovascular Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Rui Yao
- Cardiovascular Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Cui Liang
- Cardiovascular Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Lei‐Ming Wu
- Cardiovascular Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Zhen Huang
- Cardiovascular Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
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229
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Chen D. Untoward immune effects of modern medication. J Biomed Res 2023; 38:17-23. [PMID: 38105750 PMCID: PMC10818179 DOI: 10.7555/jbr.37.20230071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Immune-related adverse events (irAEs) represent an increasingly concerning challenge in the assessment of biopharmaceutical products. In contrast to historically rare allergic reactions associated with small chemical drugs, contemporary biotherapeutics exhibit a significantly higher morbidity of irAEs, because of their complex structure and comprehensive mechanisms of action. While the immunogenicity of protein-based compounds is associated with the induction of anti-drug antibodies, the pathogenesis of irAEs in advanced biologics, such as cell and gene therapy, remains to be further delineated. In the current study, I present an updated profile regarding the untoward immune effects of medications, covering various material categories systematically, with the underlying mechanisms to inspire risk mitigation in biopharmaceutical development and application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daohong Chen
- Research Institute, Changshan Biochemical Pharmaceutical, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050800, China
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230
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Ruiz-Triviño J, Álvarez D, Cadavid J. ÁP, Alvarez AM. From gut to placenta: understanding how the maternal microbiome models life-long conditions. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1304727. [PMID: 38161976 PMCID: PMC10754986 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1304727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
The microbiome -defined as the microbiota (bacteria, archaea, lower and higher eukaryotes), their genomes, and the surrounding environmental conditions- has a well-described range of physiological functions. Thus, an imbalance of the microbiota composition -dysbiosis- has been associated with pregnancy complications or adverse fetal outcomes. Although there is controversy about the existence or absence of a microbiome in the placenta and fetus during healthy pregnancy, it is known that gut microbiota can produce bioactive metabolites that can enter the maternal circulation and may be actively or passively transferred through the placenta. Furthermore, the evidence suggests that such metabolites have some effect on the fetus. Since the microbiome can influence the epigenome, and modifications of the epigenome could be responsible for fetal programming, it can be experimentally supported that the maternal microbiome and its metabolites could be involved in fetal programming. The developmental origin of health and disease (DOHaD) approach looks to understand how exposure to environmental factors during periods of high plasticity in the early stages of life (e.g., gestational period) influences the program for disease risk in the progeny. Therefore, according to the DOHaD approach, the influence of maternal microbiota in disease development must be explored. Here, we described some of the diseases of adulthood that could be related to alterations in the maternal microbiota. In summary, this review aims to highlight the influence of maternal microbiota on both fetal development and postnatal life, suggesting that dysbiosis on this microbiota could be related to adulthood morbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Ruiz-Triviño
- Grupo Reproducción, Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia - UdeA, Medellín, Colombia
- Semillero de Investigación en Alteraciones de la Gestación y Autoinmunidad (SIAGA), Universidad de Antioquia - UdeA, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Daniel Álvarez
- Grupo Reproducción, Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia - UdeA, Medellín, Colombia
- Semillero de Investigación en Alteraciones de la Gestación y Autoinmunidad (SIAGA), Universidad de Antioquia - UdeA, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Ángela P. Cadavid J.
- Grupo Reproducción, Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia - UdeA, Medellín, Colombia
- Semillero de Investigación en Alteraciones de la Gestación y Autoinmunidad (SIAGA), Universidad de Antioquia - UdeA, Medellín, Colombia
- Grupo de Investigación en Trombosis, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia - UdeA, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Angela M. Alvarez
- Grupo Reproducción, Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia - UdeA, Medellín, Colombia
- Departamento de Obstetricia y Ginecología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia - UdeA, Medellín, Colombia
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He Y, Ma R, Wang HF, Zhang YY, Lyu M, Mo XD, Yan CH, Wang Y, Zhang XH, Xu LP, Liu KY, Huang XJ, Sun YQ. [Clinical analysis of 8 cases of refractory hematopoietic reconstitution after haploid hematopoietic stem cell transplantation treated with purified donor CD34-selected hematopoietic stem cells]. ZHONGHUA XUE YE XUE ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA XUEYEXUE ZAZHI 2023; 44:1027-1031. [PMID: 38503527 PMCID: PMC10834869 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-2727.2023.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Y He
- Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Beijing 100044, China
| | - R Ma
- Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Beijing 100044, China
| | - H F Wang
- Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Y Y Zhang
- Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Beijing 100044, China
| | - M Lyu
- Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Beijing 100044, China
| | - X D Mo
- Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Beijing 100044, China
| | - C H Yan
- Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Y Wang
- Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Beijing 100044, China
| | - X H Zhang
- Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Beijing 100044, China
| | - L P Xu
- Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Beijing 100044, China
| | - K Y Liu
- Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Beijing 100044, China
| | - X J Huang
- Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Y Q Sun
- Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Beijing 100044, China
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232
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Mohd Isa IL, Zulkiflee I, Ogaili RH, Mohd Yusoff NH, Sahruddin NN, Sapri SR, Mohd Ramli ES, Fauzi MB, Mokhtar SA. Three-dimensional hydrogel with human Wharton jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells towards nucleus pulposus niche. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1296531. [PMID: 38149172 PMCID: PMC10749916 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1296531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: A regenerative strategy employing extracellular matrix (ECM)-based biomaterials and stem cells provide a better approach to mimicking the three-dimensional (3D) microenvironment of intervertebral disc for endogenous tissue regeneration. However, there is currently limited understanding regarding the human Wharton Jelly derived-mesenchymal stem cells (hWJ-MSCs) towards nucleus pulposus (NP)-like cells. Our study focused on the development of 3D bioengineered hydrogel based on the predominant ECM of native NP, including type II collagen (COLII) and hyaluronic acid (HA), which aims to tailor the needs of the microenvironment in NP. Methods: We have fabricated a 3D hydrogel using from COLII enriched with HA by varying the biomacromolecule concentration and characterised it for degradation, stability and swelling properties. The WJ-MSC was then encapsulated in the hydrogel system to guide the cell differentiation into NP-like cells. Results: We successfully fabricated COLII hydrogel (2 mg/ml) and HA 10 mg/ml at a weight ratio of HA and COLII at 1:9 and 4.5:9, and both hydrogels physically maintained their 3D sphere-shaped structure after complete gelation. The higher composition of HA in the hydrogel system indicated a higher water intake capacity in the hydrogel with a higher amount of HA. All hydrogels showed over 60% hydrolytic stability over a month. The hydrogel showed an increase in degradation on day 14. The hWJ-MSCs encapsulated in hydrogel showed a round morphology shape that was homogenously distributed within the hydrogel of both groups. The viability study indicated a higher cell growth of hWJ-MSCs encapsulated in all hydrogel groups until day 14. Discussion: Overall, our findings demonstrate that HA/COLII hydrogel provides an optimal swelling capacity, stability, degradability, and non-cytotoxic, thus mimics the NP microenvironment in guiding hWJ-MSCs towards NP phenotype, which is potentially used as an advanced cell delivery system for intervertebral disc regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isma Liza Mohd Isa
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- CÚRAM, SFI Research Centre for Medical Devices, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
- School of Medicine, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Izzat Zulkiflee
- CÚRAM, SFI Research Centre for Medical Devices, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Raed H. Ogaili
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nurul Huda Mohd Yusoff
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Natasya Nadia Sahruddin
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Shaiful Ridzwan Sapri
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Elvy Suhana Mohd Ramli
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mh Busra Fauzi
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Sabarul Afian Mokhtar
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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233
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Cho M, Woo YR, Cho SH, Lee JD, Kim HS. Metformin: A Potential Treatment for Acne, Hidradenitis Suppurativa and Rosacea. Acta Derm Venereol 2023; 103:adv18392. [PMID: 38078688 PMCID: PMC10726377 DOI: 10.2340/actadv.v103.18392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Metformin is a widely used drug for treatment of diabetes mellitus, due to its safety and efficacy. In addition to its role as an antidiabetic drug, numerous beneficial effects of metformin have enabled its use in various diseases. Considering the anti-androgenic, anti-angiogenic, anti-fibrotic and antioxidant properties of metformin, it may have the potential to improve chronic inflammatory skin diseases. However, further evidence is needed to confirm the efficacy of metformin in dermatological conditions, This review focuses on exploring the therapeutic targets of metformin in acne vulgaris, hidradenitis suppurativa and rosacea, by studying their pathogeneses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minah Cho
- Department of Dermatology, Incheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yu Ri Woo
- Department of Dermatology, Incheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang Hyun Cho
- Department of Dermatology, Incheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jeong Deuk Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Incheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hei Sung Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Incheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
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234
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Georgopoulos AP, James LM. Association between brain cancer immunogenetic profile and in silico immunogenicities of 11 viruses. Sci Rep 2023; 13:21528. [PMID: 38057480 PMCID: PMC10700375 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-48843-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Several viruses including human herpes viruses (HHVs), human polyomavirus JCV, and human papilloma virus (HPV) have been implicated in brain cancer, albeit inconsistently. Since human leukocyte antigen (HLA) is centrally involved in the human immune response to viruses and has been implicated in brain cancer, we evaluated in silico the immunogenicity between 69 Class I HLA alleles with epitopes of proteins of 9 HHVs, JCV, and HPV with respect to a population-based HLA-brain cancer profile. We found that immunogenicity varied widely across HLA alleles with HLA-C alleles exhibiting the highest immunogenicity, and that immunogenicity scores were negatively associated with the population-based HLA-brain cancer profile, particularly for JCV, HHV6A, HHV5, HHV3, HHV8, and HHV7. Consistent with the role of HLA in foreign antigen elimination, the findings suggest that viruses with proteins of high HLA immunogenicity are eliminated more effectively and, consequently, less likely to cause brain cancer; conversely, the absence of highly immunogenic HLA may allow the viral antigens to persist, contributing to cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Apostolos P Georgopoulos
- The HLA Research Group, Brain Sciences Center, Department of Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Minneapolis VAMC, One Veterans Drive, Minneapolis, MN, 55417, USA.
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
- Department of Neurology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
| | - Lisa M James
- The HLA Research Group, Brain Sciences Center, Department of Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Minneapolis VAMC, One Veterans Drive, Minneapolis, MN, 55417, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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235
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Lee MKH, Lim HK, Su C, Koh JYC, Setyawati MI, Ng KW, Hou HW, Tay CY. 3D Airway Epithelial-Fibroblast Biomimetic Microfluidic Platform to Unravel Engineered Nanoparticle-Induced Acute Stress Responses as Exposome Determinants. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:19223-19235. [PMID: 37933439 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c03678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Insights into how biological systems respond to high- and low-dose acute environmental stressors are a fundamental aspect of exposome research. However, studying the impact of low-level environmental exposure in conventional in vitro settings is challenging. This study employed a three-dimensional (3D) biomimetic microfluidic lung-on-chip (μLOC) platform and RNA-sequencing to examine the effects of two model anthropogenic engineered nanoparticles (NPs): zinc oxide nanoparticles (Nano-ZnO) and copier center nanoparticles (Nano-CCP). The airway epithelium exposed to these NPs exhibited dose-dependent increases in cytotoxicity and barrier dysregulation (dominance of the external exposome). Interestingly, even nontoxic and low-level exposure (10 μg/mL) of the epithelium compartment to Nano-ZnO triggered chemotaxis of lung fibroblasts toward the epithelium. An increase in α smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) expression and contractile activity was also observed in these cells, indicating a bystander-like adaptive response (dominance of internal exposome). Further bioinformatics and network analysis showed that a low-dose Nano-ZnO significantly induced a robust transcriptomic response and upregulated several hub genes associated with the development of lung fibrosis. We propose that Nano-ZnO, even at a no observable effect level (NOEL) dose according to conventional standards, can function as a potent nanostressor to disrupt airway epithelium homeostasis. This leads to a cascade of profibrotic events in a cross-tissue compartment fashion. Our findings offer new insights into the early acute events of respiratory harm associated with environmental NPs exposure, paving the way for better exposomic understanding of this emerging class of anthropogenic nanopollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Kao Hui Lee
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, N4.1, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Hong Kit Lim
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, N4.1, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Chengxun Su
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 11 Mandalay Road, Clinical Sciences Building Level 11, Singapore 308232, Singapore
| | - Jie Yan Cheryl Koh
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, N4.1, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore
- Nanyang Environment & Water Research Institute, 1 CleanTech Loop, CleanTech One, Singapore 637141, Singapore
| | - Magdiel Inggrid Setyawati
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, N4.1, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Kee Woei Ng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, N4.1, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore
- Nanyang Environment & Water Research Institute, 1 CleanTech Loop, CleanTech One, Singapore 637141, Singapore
- Center for Sustainable Materials (SusMat), Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637553, Singapore
| | - Han Wei Hou
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 11 Mandalay Road, Clinical Sciences Building Level 11, Singapore 308232, Singapore
| | - Chor Yong Tay
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, N4.1, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore
- Nanyang Environment & Water Research Institute, 1 CleanTech Loop, CleanTech One, Singapore 637141, Singapore
- Center for Sustainable Materials (SusMat), Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637553, Singapore
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236
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Zhou J, Wan F, Wang L, Peng C, Huang R, Peng F. STAT4 facilitates PD-L1 level via IL-12R/JAK2/STAT3 axis and predicts immunotherapy response in breast cancer. MedComm (Beijing) 2023; 4:e464. [PMID: 38107057 PMCID: PMC10724500 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Signal transducer and activator of transcription 4 (STAT4) is a critical transcription factor for T helper cell differentiation and tumor cells. Although its prognostic role and gene function have been reported in several carcinomas, the role of STAT4 in vitro and in vivo in breast cancer remains poorly understood. The effect of STAT4 in immunotherapy is also unclear. Therefore, we integrated bulk transcriptomics, experiments, and single-cell transcriptomics to systematically analyze its function in prognosis and signaling pathway. Several clinical breast cancer cohorts confirmed STAT4 as a T-cell relevant prognostic biomarker. Overexpressed STAT4 increased programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) and major histocompatibility complex class II levels in breast cancer cells. In molecular mechanism, transcriptional synergy between STAT4 and STAT3 transactivated interleukin (IL)-12R and involved a positive feedback loop: STAT4/IL-12R/JAK2-STAT3-STAT4, which contributed to the upregulation of PD-L1 expression. The above signaling axis was defined as the STAT4-related pathway and its score was used to predict T-cell expansion and anti-PD1 treatment response. These findings highlight a novel molecular mechanism indirectly regulating PD-L1 through the STAT4-related pathway: IL-12R/JAK2-STAT3-STAT4/PD-L1, and it has potential application in predicting anti-PD-1 immunotherapy response, which may pave the way for stratified immunotherapy in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianbo Zhou
- West China School of PharmacySichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Feng Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine ResourcesChengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengduChina
| | - Li Wang
- West China School of PharmacySichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Cheng Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine ResourcesChengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengduChina
| | - Ruizhen Huang
- Department of CardiovascularHospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengduChina
| | - Fu Peng
- West China School of PharmacySichuan UniversityChengduChina
- Key Laboratory of Drug‐Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan ProvinceSichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant‐Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial TechnologySichuan UniversityChengduChina
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237
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Wu R, Xiong R, Li Y, Chen J, Yan R. Gut microbiome, metabolome, host immunity associated with inflammatory bowel disease and intervention of fecal microbiota transplantation. J Autoimmun 2023; 141:103062. [PMID: 37246133 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2023.103062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Gut dysbiosis has been associated with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), one of the most common gastrointestinal diseases. The microbial communities play essential roles in host physiology, with profound effects on immune homeostasis, directly or via their metabolites and/or components. There are increasing clinical trials applying fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) with Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). The restoration of dysbiotic gut microbiome is considered as one of the mechanisms of FMT therapy. In this work, latest advances in the alterations in gut microbiome and metabolome features in IBD patients and experimental mechanistic understanding on their contribution to the immune dysfunction were reviewed. Then, the therapeutic outcomes of FMT on IBD were summarized based on clinical remission, endoscopic remission and histological remission of 27 clinical trials retrieved from PubMed which have been registered on ClinicalTrials.gov with the results been published in the past 10 years. Although FMT is established as an effective therapy for both subtypes of IBD, the promising outcomes are not always achieved. Among the 27 studies, only 11 studies performed gut microbiome profiling, 5 reported immune response alterations and 3 carried out metabolome analysis. Generally, FMT partially restored typical changes in IBD, resulted in increased α-diversity and species richness in responders and similar but less pronounced shifts of patient microbial and metabolomics profiles toward donor profiles. Measurements of immune responses to FMT mainly focused on T cells and revealed divergent effects on pro-/anti-inflammatory functions. The very limited information and the extremely confounding factors in the designs of the FMT trials significantly hindered a reasonable conclusion on the mechanistic involvement of gut microbiota and metabolites in clinical outcomes and an analysis of the inconsistencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongrong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao, China.
| | - Rui Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao, China.
| | - Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao, China.
| | - Junru Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao, China.
| | - Ru Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao, China.
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238
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Mane RR, Kale PP. The roles of HDAC with IMPDH and mTOR with JAK as future targets in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis with combination therapy. JOURNAL OF COMPLEMENTARY & INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE 2023; 20:689-706. [PMID: 36409592 DOI: 10.1515/jcim-2022-0114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Various studies have shown that cytokines are important regulators in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In synovial inflammation alteration of the enzyme HDAC, IMPDH enzyme, mTOR pathway, and JAK pathway increase cytokine level. These increased cytokine levels are responsible for the inflammation in RA. Inflammation is a physiological and normal reaction of the immune system against dangerous stimuli such as injury and infection. The cytokine-based approach improves the treatment of RA. To reach this goal, various researchers and scientists are working more aggressively by using a combination approach. The present review of combination therapy provides essential evidence about the possible synergistic effect of combinatorial agents. We have focused on the effects of HDAC inhibitor with IMPDH inhibitor and mTOR inhibitor with JAK inhibitor in combination for the treatment of RA. Combining various targeted strategies can be helpful for the treatment of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reshma Rajendra Mane
- Department of Pharmacology, SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Mumbai, India
| | - Pravin Popatrao Kale
- Department of Pharmacology, SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Mumbai, India
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239
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Cardoso EM, Lourenço-Gomes V, Esgalhado AJ, Reste-Ferreira D, Oliveira N, Amaral AS, Martinho A, Gama JMR, Verde I, Lourenço O, Fonseca AM, Buchli R, Arosa FA. HLA-A23/HLA-A24 serotypes and dementia interaction in the elderly: Association with increased soluble HLA class I molecules in plasma. HLA 2023; 102:660-670. [PMID: 37400938 DOI: 10.1111/tan.15149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
MHC class I molecules regulate brain development and plasticity in mice and HLA class I molecules are associated with brain disorders in humans. We investigated the relationship between plasma-derived soluble human HLA class I molecules (sHLA class I), HLA class I serotypes and dementia. A cohort of HLA class I serotyped elderly subjects with no dementia/pre-dementia (NpD, n = 28), or with dementia (D, n = 28) was studied. Multivariate analysis was used to examine the influence of dementia and HLA class I serotype on sHLA class I levels, and to compare sHLA class I within four groups according to the presence or absence of HLA-A23/A24 and dementia. HLA-A23/A24 and dementia, but not age, significantly influenced the level of sHLA class I. Importantly, the concurrent presence of HLA-A23/A24 and dementia was associated with higher levels of sHLA class I (p < 0.001). This study has shown that the simultaneous presence of HLA-A23/HLA-A24 and dementia is associated with high levels of serum sHLA class I molecules. Thus, sHLA class I could be considered a biomarker of neurodegeneration in certain HLA class I carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elsa M Cardoso
- ESS-IPG, School of Health Sciences, Polytechnic of Guarda, Guarda, Portugal
- CICS-UBI, Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
- FCS-UBI, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | | | - André J Esgalhado
- CICS-UBI, Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Débora Reste-Ferreira
- CICS-UBI, Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Nádia Oliveira
- CICS-UBI, Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Ana Saraiva Amaral
- CICS-UBI, Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - António Martinho
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Coimbra Blood and Transplantation Center, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Jorge M R Gama
- Centre of Mathematics and Applications, Faculty of Sciences, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Ignácio Verde
- CICS-UBI, Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
- Centre of Mathematics and Applications, Faculty of Sciences, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Olga Lourenço
- CICS-UBI, Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
- FCS-UBI, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Ana M Fonseca
- CICS-UBI, Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
- FCS-UBI, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Rico Buchli
- Pure Protein LLC, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Fernando A Arosa
- CICS-UBI, Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
- FCS-UBI, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
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240
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Epperly R, Giordani VM, Mikkilineni L, Shah NN. Early and Late Toxicities of Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cells. Hematol Oncol Clin North Am 2023; 37:1169-1188. [PMID: 37349152 PMCID: PMC10592597 DOI: 10.1016/j.hoc.2023.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
As chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy is increasingly integrated into clinical practice across a range of malignancies, identifying and treating inflammatory toxicities will be vital to success. Early experiences with CD19-targeted CAR T-cell therapy identified cytokine release syndrome and neurotoxicity as key acute toxicities and led to unified initiatives to mitigate the influence of these complications. In this section, we provide an update on the current state of CAR T-cell-related toxicities, with an emphasis on emerging acute toxicities affecting additional organ systems and considerations for delayed toxicities and late effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Epperly
- Department of Bone Marrow Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, MS 1130, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Victoria M Giordani
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research (CCR), National Cancer Institute (NCI), NIH, Building 10, Room 1W-3750, 9000 Rockville Pike MSC 1104, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Lekha Mikkilineni
- Blood and Marrow Transplantation & Cellular Therapy, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA; Stanford School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Drive, Room H0101, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Nirali N Shah
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research (CCR), National Cancer Institute (NCI), NIH, Building 10, Room 1W-3750, 9000 Rockville Pike MSC 1104, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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241
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Faour S, Farahat M, Aijaz A, Jeschke MG. Fibrosis in burns: an overview of mechanisms and therapies. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2023; 325:C1545-C1557. [PMID: 37811732 PMCID: PMC10881229 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00254.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Scar development remains a common occurrence and a major healthcare challenge affecting the lives of millions of patients annually. Severe injuries to the skin, such as burns can lead to pathological wound healing patterns, often characterized by dermal fibrosis or excessive scarring, and chronic inflammation. The two most common forms of fibrotic diseases following burn trauma are hypertrophic scars (HSCs) and keloids, which severely impact the patient's quality of life. Although the cellular and molecular mechanisms are similar, HSC and keloids have several distinct differences. In this review, we discuss the different forms of fibrosis that occur postburn injury, emphasizing how the extent of burn influences scar development. Moreover, we highlight how a systemic response induced by a burn injury drives wound fibrosis, including both the role of the inflammatory response, as well as the fate of fibroblast during skin healing. Finally, we list potential therapeutics aimed at alleviating pathological scar formation. An understanding of the mechanisms of postburn fibrosis will allow us to effectively move studies from bench to bedside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Faour
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- TaARI, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mahmoud Farahat
- TaARI, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ayesha Aijaz
- TaARI, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Marc G Jeschke
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- TaARI, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Hamilton General Hospital, Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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242
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Qi Y, Liu H, Li X, Shi Y, Mu J, Li J, Wang Y, Deng Q. Blinatumomab as salvage therapy in patients with relapsed/refractory B-ALL who have failed/progressed after anti-CD19-CAR T therapy. Ann Med 2023; 55:2230888. [PMID: 37417690 PMCID: PMC10332179 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2023.2230888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) T-cell therapy has been shown to have excellent efficacy in patients with relapsed/refractory (R/R) B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). But many patients are refractory to anti-CD19-CAR T-cell therapy or relapse again. METHODS Five patients with R/R B-ALL did not respond to anti-CD19-CAR T-cell therapy or had a disease progression again after CAR-T cell therapy. They received a salvage therapy of Blinatumomab. The clinical response, CD19 expression on ALL cells, the proportion of CD3+ T cells, level of cytokine levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), hematological toxicity, grade of cytokine release syndrome (CRS), and immune effector cell-associated neurotoxic syndrome (ICANS) were observed in salvage therapy of Blinatumomab. RESULTS Four patients obtained CR/CRi, even in patients without high expression of CD19 in B-ALL cells, while the other patient received NR after Blinatumomab therapy. The CD19 expression on ALL cells, the proportion of CD3+ T cells, and CD3+CD8+ T cells were deficient in Pt 5, who obtained PR in Blinatumomab therapy. One patient (Pt 3) was diagnosed with grade 0 hematological toxicity. The other four patients were diagnosed with grades 2-3 of hematological toxicity. The CRS was grade 0/one patient, grade 1/three, and grade 2/one. The ICANS was grade 0/four patients, grade 1/one. Rhizopus microsporus pneumonia and cryptococcal encephalopathy in two patients were controlled during Blinatumomab therapy. CONCLUSIONS Blinatumomab could be an effective and safe salvage therapy in patients with R/R B-ALL who failed/progressed after anti-CD19-CAR T therapy, even in R/R B-ALL patients without high expression of CD19 in B-ALL cells, patients with CNS leukemia or co-infection.Key messagesSome R/R B-ALL patients did not respond to anti-CD19 CAR T-cell therapy or had a disease progression again. Effective and safe salvage therapy for such patients remains to be explored.Blinatumomab could be an effective and safe salvage therapy in patients with R/R B-ALL who failed/progressed after anti-CD19-CAR T therapy, even in patients without high expression of CD19 in B-ALL cells.Blinatumomab could be an effective and safe salvage therapy in patients with R/R B-ALL who failed/progressed after anti-CD19-CAR T therapy, even in patients with CNS leukemia or co-infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Qi
- Department of Hematology, Tianjin First Central Hospital, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Hong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Hematology, Tianjin First Central Hospital, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yin Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Juan Mu
- Department of Hematology, Tianjin First Central Hospital, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jingyi Li
- Department of Hematology, Tianjin First Central Hospital, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Qi Deng
- Department of Hematology, Tianjin First Central Hospital, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
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243
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Zheng Q, Wang D, Lin R, Chen Y, Xu Z, Xu W. Quercetin is a Potential Therapy for Rheumatoid Arthritis via Targeting Caspase-8 Through Ferroptosis and Pyroptosis. J Inflamm Res 2023; 16:5729-5754. [PMID: 38059150 PMCID: PMC10697095 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s439494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is one of the most common chronic inflammatory autoimmune diseases. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms of its pathogenesis are unknown. This study aimed to identify the common biomarkers of ferroptosis and pyroptosis in RA and screen potential drugs. Methods The RA-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in GSE55235 were screened by R software and intersected with ferroptosis and pyroptosis gene libraries to obtain differentially expressed ferroptosis-related genes (DEFRGs) and differentially expressed pyroptosis-related genes (DEPRGs). We performed Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of the Genome (KEGG), ClueGO, and Protein-Protein Interaction (PPI) analysis for DEFRGs and DEPRGs and validated them by machine learning. The microRNA/transcription factor (TF)-hub genes regulatory network was further constructed. The key gene was validated using the GSE77298 validation set, cellular validation was performed in in vitro experiments, and immune infiltration analysis was performed using CIBERSORT. Network pharmacology was used to find key gene-targeting drugs, followed by molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations to analyze the binding stability between small-molecule drugs and large-molecule proteins. Results Three hub genes (CASP8, PTGS2, and JUN) were screened via bioinformatics, and the key gene (CASP8) was validated and obtained through the validation set, and the diagnostic efficacy was verified to be excellent through the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. The ferroptosis and pyroptosis phenotypes were constructed by fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS), and caspase-8 was detected and validated as a common biomarker for ferroptosis and pyroptosis in RA, and quercetin can reduce caspase-8 levels. Quercetin was found to be a potential target drug for caspase-8 by network pharmacology, and the stability of their binding was further verified using molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations. Conclusion Caspase-8 is an important biomarker for ferroptosis and pyroptosis in RA, and quercetin is a potential therapy for RA via targeting caspase-8 through ferroptosis and pyroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingcong Zheng
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Du Wang
- Arthritis Clinical and Research Center, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Rongjie Lin
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuchao Chen
- Department of Paediatrics, Fujian Provincial Hospital South Branch, Fuzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zixing Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Weihong Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People’s Republic of China
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Aleixo GFP, Wei W, Chen PH, Gandhi NS, Anwer F, Dean R, Hamilton BK, Hill BT, Jagadeesh D, Khouri J, Pohlman B, Sobecks R, Winter A, Caimi P, Majhail NS. The association of body composition and outcomes following autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Bone Marrow Transplant 2023; 58:1384-1389. [PMID: 37699993 DOI: 10.1038/s41409-023-02104-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
Recently there has been a growing interest in evaluating body composition as a marker for prognosis in cancer patients. The association of body composition parameters and outcomes has not been deeply investigated in patients with autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) recipients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 264 NHL patients who received autologous HSCT. PreHSCT abdominal CT scans at the levels of L3 were assessed for body composition measures. We evaluated sarcopenia, myosteatosis, high visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and high visceral adipose tissue density (VATD). Using multivariable Cox proportional regression, we analyzed the association of clinical and transplant-related characteristics with overall survival (OS), relapse-free survival (RFS), and non-relapse mortality (NRM). In a multivariate regression model, patients with higher VATD had worse OS (HR 1.78; 95% confidence intervals CI 1.08-2.95, p = 0.02) and worse NRM (HR 2.31 95% CI 1.08-4.95, p = 0.02) than with lower VATD. Patients with lower levels of VAT also had worse RFS (HR 1.49 95% CI 1.03-2.15, p = 0.03). Sarcopenia and myosteatosis were not associated with outcomes. High pre-transplant VATD was associated with lower OS and higher NRM, and low pre-transplant VAT was associated with worse RFS in patients with NHL undergoing autologous HSCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel F P Aleixo
- Internal Medicine Residency Program, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Wei Wei
- Blood and Marrow Transplant Program, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Po-Hao Chen
- Department of Radiology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Namita S Gandhi
- Department of Radiology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Faiz Anwer
- Blood and Marrow Transplant Program, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Robert Dean
- Blood and Marrow Transplant Program, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Betty K Hamilton
- Blood and Marrow Transplant Program, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Brian T Hill
- Blood and Marrow Transplant Program, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Deepa Jagadeesh
- Blood and Marrow Transplant Program, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Jack Khouri
- Blood and Marrow Transplant Program, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Brad Pohlman
- Blood and Marrow Transplant Program, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Ronald Sobecks
- Blood and Marrow Transplant Program, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Allison Winter
- Blood and Marrow Transplant Program, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Paolo Caimi
- Blood and Marrow Transplant Program, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
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Moore CM, O'Reilly D, McCallion N, Curley AE. Changes in inflammatory proteins following platelet transfusion in a neonatal population. Pediatr Res 2023; 94:1973-1977. [PMID: 37443343 PMCID: PMC10665178 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-023-02731-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies have demonstrated increased morbidity and mortality with platelet transfusions in the neonatal period. Platelets are as important for host immunity and inflammation as for hemostasis. Increased inflammation may explain the dose-associated increase in mortality, bleeding, and lung disease. OBJECTIVE This study aims to assess if there are any changes in inflammatory cytokines post-platelet transfusion in babies in NICU. METHODS This prospective observational study recruited babies due to receive a non-emergency platelet transfusion. Dried whole blood samples were collected prior to and 2 h post-transfusion. Samples were processed using multiplex immunoassay to enable analysis of tiny blood volumes. Statistical analysis was performed using R. RESULTS Seventeen babies underwent 26 platelet transfusions across two centers. Median birthweight was 1545 g (535-3960 g) and median birth gestation was 31 weeks and 1 day (23 + 1 to 40 + 5). Median pre-transfusion platelet count was 19.5 × 109/l. There was a significant increase in levels of CXCL5 (p < 0.001), CD40 (p = 0.001), and TGF-β (p = 0.001) in neonatal blood samples post-platelet transfusion in the study group. CONCLUSION The increase in the cytokines CXCL5, CD40 and TGF-β after platelet transfusion in babies in NICU could potentiate existing inflammation, NEC, lung, or white matter injury. This could potentially explain long-term harm from platelet transfusion in babies. IMPACT There is a change in levels of immunomodulatory proteins CXCL5, CD40, and TGF-β after platelet transfusion in babies in NICU. Murine neonatal models have demonstrated an increase in cytokine levels after platelet transfusions. This is the first time that this has been demonstrated in human neonates. The increase in proinflammatory cytokines could potentially explain the long-term harm from platelet transfusion in babies, as they could potentiate existing inflammation, NEC, lung injury, or white matter injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmel Maria Moore
- University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
- National Maternity Hospital, Holles Street, Dublin 2, Ireland.
| | - Daniel O'Reilly
- University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
- Rotunda Hospital, Parnell Square, Dublin 1, Ireland
| | - Naomi McCallion
- Rotunda Hospital, Parnell Square, Dublin 1, Ireland
- Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, St Stephen's Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Anna E Curley
- University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
- National Maternity Hospital, Holles Street, Dublin 2, Ireland
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Takeyasu S, Morita K, Saito S, Toho M, Oyama T, Obo T, Taoka K, Shimura A, Maki H, Shibata E, Watanabe Y, Suzuki F, Zhang L, Kobayashi H, Hinata M, Kurokawa M. Myeloid sarcoma and pathological fracture: a case report and review of literature. Int J Hematol 2023; 118:745-750. [PMID: 37707761 PMCID: PMC10673718 DOI: 10.1007/s12185-023-03656-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
Myeloid sarcoma is a rare clinical entity that presents as an isolated proliferation of leukemic cells, concurrently with or at relapse of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), myelodysplastic syndromes/neoplasms (MDS), chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), and myeloproliferative neoplasm (MPN). Myeloid sarcoma disrupts the normal architecture of its surrounding tissues. When it forms in long bones, it can cause their pathological fracture. We recently experienced a rare case of MDS presenting with myeloid sarcoma in the femur that eventually resulted in its pathological fracture. Detailed chromosomal analysis of the bone marrow cells suggested emergence of myeloid sarcoma during the fast-paced progression of MDS just after acquiring trisomy 22. A comprehensive review of previous cases of myeloid sarcoma-associated pathological fracture indicated possible involvement of structural rearrangements of chromosomes 9 and 22. Management of myeloid sarcoma should continue to improve, and clinicians should note that myeloid sarcoma with specific chromosomal alterations needs extra medical attention to prevent pathological fracture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sho Takeyasu
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Ken Morita
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Seitaro Saito
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Masanori Toho
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Takashi Oyama
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Takafumi Obo
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Kazuki Taoka
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Arika Shimura
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Maki
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Eisuke Shibata
- Department of Radiology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yusuke Watanabe
- Department of Radiology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Fumio Suzuki
- Department of Radiology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Liuzhe Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kobayashi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Munetoshi Hinata
- Department of Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mineo Kurokawa
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan.
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247
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di Filippo L, Frara S, Terenzi U, Nannipieri F, Locatelli M, Ciceri F, Giustina A. Lack of vitamin D predicts impaired long-term immune response to COVID-19 vaccination. Endocrine 2023; 82:536-541. [PMID: 37592162 PMCID: PMC10618322 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-023-03481-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Low vitamin D levels were reported to negatively influence the outcome of acute COVID-19, as well as to be linked to Long-COVID. However, few studies have investigated, so far, its effects on humoral-response to anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccination, reporting conflicting results. We aimed to evaluate the impact of baseline 25(OH)vitamin D (25(OH)D) levels on humoral-response to a two-dose cycle of Pfizer-BioNTech-vaccine up to 9-10 months after immunization. METHODS We retrospectively included 119 consecutive healthcare-workers (median age 53 years) without a previous history of acute COVID-19 or anti-SARS-CoV-2 immunoglobulins presence immunized with two doses of Comirnaty-vaccine from January to February 2021. 25(OH)D was measured at time of first-immunization. Immune response was evaluated at: time 0 (T0), before the first-dose; T1, time of second-dose (21 days after T0); T2, T3, T4 at 1, 5 and 9 months after T1, respectively. RESULTS Median 25(OH)D levels were 25.6 ng/mL, and vitamin D deficiency (25(OH)D <20 ng/mL) was observed in 29 subjects (24.8%). In those with vitamin D deficiency, we found a non-significant trend towards lower antibody-titers at T3, and significantly lower titers at T4 as compared to those not vitamin D-deficient, also observing a more pronounced antibody-titers negative drop from peak-T2 and T4 in those with vitamin D deficiency. A positive correlation between 25(OH)D levels and antibody-titers at T4 (p = 0.043) was found. In multiple linear-regression analysis, 25(OH)D deficiency and older-age resulted as negative independent factors associated with antibody titer at T4 (p = 0.026, p = 0.004; respectively). CONCLUSION In our relatively young cohort presenting low prevalence of hypovitaminosis D, the long-term humoral response to anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccination was negatively influenced by low baseline 25(OH)D. Vitamin D supplementation could be tested as a strategy to optimize the vaccination campaigns to prevent severe COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi di Filippo
- Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Sciences, San Raffaele Vita-Salute University and IRCCS Hospital, Milano, Italy
| | - Stefano Frara
- Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Sciences, San Raffaele Vita-Salute University and IRCCS Hospital, Milano, Italy
| | - Umberto Terenzi
- Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Sciences, San Raffaele Vita-Salute University and IRCCS Hospital, Milano, Italy
| | | | - Massimo Locatelli
- Laboratory Medicine Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milano, Italy
| | - Fabio Ciceri
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplant Unit, San Raffaele Vita-Salute University and IRCCS Hospital, Milano, Italy
| | - Andrea Giustina
- Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Sciences, San Raffaele Vita-Salute University and IRCCS Hospital, Milano, Italy.
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Fried S, Shkury E, Itzhaki O, Sdayoor I, Yerushalmi R, Shem-Tov N, Danylesko I, Jacoby E, Shouval R, Kedmi M, Marcus R, Nagler A, Shimoni A, Avigdor A. Point-of-care anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy for relapsed/refractory follicular lymphoma. Leuk Lymphoma 2023; 64:1956-1963. [PMID: 37565578 PMCID: PMC11023741 DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2023.2246611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
Patients with relapsed/refractory follicular lymphoma (R/R-FL) often require multiple treatment lines. We performed a phase 1b/2 single-center clinical trial of autologous point-of-care anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cells in R/R-FL patients treated patients with ≥ 2 treatment lines. All 26 patients enrolled received CAR T-cell infusion at a median of 11 days after leukapheresis. Seventy-seven percent of patients had POD24. At enrollment, disease stage was III-IV in 85% of the patients, 77% had high-risk FLIPI score, and 77% had progressive disease. Grade III-IV cytokine release and immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndromes occurred in 12% and 16% of the patients, respectively. Overall response rate at 1-month was 88%. The median follow-up was 15.4 months. One-year overall and progression-free survival were 100% and 63%, respectively. In conclusion, point-of-care CAR T-cell, manufactured within 11 days, induced a high response rate with an acceptable safety profile in patients with high-risk R/R-FL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shalev Fried
- Division of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Eden Shkury
- Division of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Orit Itzhaki
- Ella Lemelbaum Institute for Immuno Oncology, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - Inbal Sdayoor
- Division of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Ronit Yerushalmi
- Division of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Noga Shem-Tov
- Division of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Ivetta Danylesko
- Division of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Elad Jacoby
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
- Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Safra Children’s Hospital, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - Roni Shouval
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
- Adult BMT Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
- Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY
| | - Meirav Kedmi
- Division of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
- The Mina and Everard Goodman faculty of life sciences, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Ronit Marcus
- Division of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - Arnon Nagler
- Division of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Avichai Shimoni
- Division of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Abraham Avigdor
- Division of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
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Yang L, Zhang X, Liu Q, Wen Y, Wang Q. Update on the ZNT8 epitope and its role in the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes. Minerva Endocrinol (Torino) 2023; 48:447-458. [PMID: 38099391 DOI: 10.23736/s2724-6507.22.03723-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an organ-specific chronic autoimmune disease mediated by autoreactive T cells. ZnT8 is a pancreatic islet-specific zinc transporter that is mainly located in β cells. It not only participates in the synthesis, storage and secretion of insulin but also maintains the structural integrity of insulin. ZnT8 is the main autoantigen recognized by autoreactive CD8+ T cells in children and adults with T1D. This article summarizes the latest research results on the T lymphocyte epitope and B lymphocyte epitope of ZnT8 in the current literature. The structure and expression of ZnT8, the role of ZnT8 in insulin synthesis and its role in autoimmunity are reviewed. ZnT8 is the primary autoantigen of T1D and is specifically expressed in pancreatic islets. Thus, it is one of biomarkers for the diagnosis of T1D. It has broad prospects for further research on immunomodulators for the treatment of T1D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xuejiao Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Qing Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yan Wen
- Department of Endocrinology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Qing Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China -
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Chepeleva EV. Cell Therapy in the Treatment of Coronary Heart Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16844. [PMID: 38069167 PMCID: PMC10706847 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Heart failure is a leading cause of death in patients who have suffered a myocardial infarction. Despite the timely use of modern reperfusion therapies such as thrombolysis, surgical revascularization and balloon angioplasty, they are sometimes unable to prevent the development of significant areas of myocardial damage and subsequent heart failure. Research efforts have focused on developing strategies to improve the functional status of myocardial injury areas. Consequently, the restoration of cardiac function using cell therapy is an exciting prospect. This review describes the characteristics of various cell types relevant to cellular cardiomyoplasty and presents findings from experimental and clinical studies investigating cell therapy for coronary heart disease. Cell delivery methods, optimal dosage and potential treatment mechanisms are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena V. Chepeleva
- Federal State Budgetary Institution National Medical Research Center Named after Academician E.N. Meshalkin of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 15, Rechkunovskaya Str., 630055 Novosibirsk, Russia;
- Research Institute of Clinical and Experimental Lymphology—Branch of the Institute of Cytology and Genetics Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 2, Timakova Str., 630060 Novosibirsk, Russia
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