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Chan DSM, Cariolou M, Markozannes G, Balducci K, Vieira R, Kiss S, Becerra-Tomás N, Aune D, Greenwood DC, González-Gil EM, Copson E, Renehan AG, Bours M, Demark-Wahnefried W, Hudson MM, May AM, Odedina FT, Skinner R, Steindorf K, Tjønneland A, Velikova G, Baskin ML, Chowdhury R, Hill L, Lewis SJ, Seidell J, Weijenberg MP, Krebs J, Cross AJ, Tsilidis KK. Post-diagnosis dietary factors, supplement use and colorectal cancer prognosis: A Global Cancer Update Programme (CUP Global) systematic literature review and meta-analysis. Int J Cancer 2024; 155:445-470. [PMID: 38692645 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.34906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
The role of diet in colorectal cancer prognosis is not well understood and specific lifestyle recommendations are lacking. We searched for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and longitudinal observational studies on post-diagnosis dietary factors, supplement use and colorectal cancer survival outcomes in PubMed and Embase from inception until 28th February 2022. Random-effects dose-response meta-analyses were conducted when at least three studies had sufficient information. The evidence was interpreted and graded by the CUP Global independent Expert Committee on Cancer Survivorship and Expert Panel. Five RCTs and 35 observational studies were included (30,242 cases, over 8700 all-cause and 2100 colorectal cancer deaths, 3700 progression, recurrence, or disease-free events). Meta-analyses, including 3-10 observational studies each, were conducted for: whole grains, nuts/peanuts, red and processed meat, dairy products, sugary drinks, artificially sweetened beverages, coffee, alcohol, dietary glycaemic load/index, insulin load/index, marine omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, supplemental calcium, circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) and all-cause mortality; for alcohol, supplemental calcium, circulating 25(OH)D and colorectal cancer-specific mortality; and for circulating 25(OH)D and recurrence/disease-free survival. The overall evidence was graded as 'limited'. The inverse associations between healthy dietary and/or lifestyle patterns (including diets that comprised plant-based foods), whole grains, total, caffeinated, or decaffeinated coffee and all-cause mortality and the positive associations between unhealthy dietary patterns, sugary drinks and all-cause mortality provided 'limited-suggestive' evidence. All other exposure-outcome associations provided 'limited-no conclusion' evidence. Additional, well-conducted cohort studies and carefully designed RCTs are needed to develop specific lifestyle recommendations for colorectal cancer survivors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doris S M Chan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Margarita Cariolou
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Georgios Markozannes
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina Medical School, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Katia Balducci
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Rita Vieira
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Sonia Kiss
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Nerea Becerra-Tomás
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Dagfinn Aune
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Nutrition, Oslo New University College, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Research, The Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway
| | - Darren C Greenwood
- Leeds Institute for Data Analytics, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Esther M González-Gil
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Ellen Copson
- Cancer Sciences Academic Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Andrew G Renehan
- The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Cancer Research Centre, NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Division of Cancer Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Martijn Bours
- Department of Epidemiology, GROW School for Oncology and Reproduction, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Wendy Demark-Wahnefried
- O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Melissa M Hudson
- Department of Oncology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Anne M May
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Roderick Skinner
- Department of Paediatric and Adolescent Haematology/Oncology, Great North Children's Hospital and Translational and Clinical Research Institute, and Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Karen Steindorf
- Division of Physical Activity, Prevention and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anne Tjønneland
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Diet, Cancer and Health, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Galina Velikova
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | | | - Rajiv Chowdhury
- Department of Global Health, Robert Stempel College of Public Health and Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Lynette Hill
- World Cancer Research Fund International, London, UK
| | - Sarah J Lewis
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Jaap Seidell
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Matty P Weijenberg
- Department of Epidemiology, GROW School for Oncology and Reproduction, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - John Krebs
- Department of Biology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Amanda J Cross
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Konstantinos K Tsilidis
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina Medical School, Ioannina, Greece
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2
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He MM, Wang K, Lo CH, Zhang Y, Polychronidis G, Knudsen MD, Zhong R, Ma Y, Wu K, Chan AT, Giovannucci EL, Ogino S, Ng K, Meyerhardt JA, Song M. Post-diagnostic multivitamin supplement use and colorectal cancer survival: A prospective cohort study. Cancer 2024; 130:2169-2179. [PMID: 38319287 PMCID: PMC11141725 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.35234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Use of multivitamin supplements has been associated with lower incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC). However, its influence on CRC survival remains unknown. METHODS Among 2424 patients with stage I-III CRC who provided detailed information about multivitamin supplements in the Nurses' Health Study and Health Professionals Follow-up Study, the authors calculated multivariable hazard ratios (HRs) of multivitamin supplements for all-cause and CRC-specific mortality according to post-diagnostic use and dose of multivitamin supplements. RESULTS During a median follow-up of 11 years, the authors documented 1512 deaths, among which 343 were of CRC. Compared to non-users, post-diagnostic users of multivitamin supplements at a dose of 3-5 tablets/week had lower CRC-specific mortality (HR, 0.55; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.36-0.83, p = .005), and post-diagnostic users at doses of 3-5 and 6-9 tablets/week had lower all-cause mortality (HR, 0.81; 95% CI, 0.67-0.99, p = .04; HR, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.70-0.88), p < .001). The dose-response analysis showed a curvilinear relationship for both CRC-specific (pnonlinearity < .001) and all-cause mortality (pnonlinearity = .004), with the maximum risk reduction observed at 3-5 tablets/week and no further reduction at higher doses. Compared to non-users in both pre- and post-diagnosis periods, new post-diagnostic users at dose of <10 tablets/week had a lower all-cause mortality (HR, 0.81; 95% CI, 0.71-0.94, p = .005), whereas new users at a dose of ≥10 tablets/week (HR, 1.58; 95% CI, 1.07-2.33) and discontinued users (HR, 1.35; 95% CI, 1.14-1.59) had a higher risk of mortality. CONCLUSIONS Use of multivitamin supplements at a moderate dose after a diagnosis of nonmetastatic CRC is associated with lower CRC-specific and overall mortality, whereas a high dose (≥10 tablets/week) use is associated with higher CRC-specific mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-ming He
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kai Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Chun-Han Lo
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yiwen Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Georgios Polychronidis
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Study Centre of the German Surgical Society, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Markus D Knudsen
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Section for Colorectal Cancer Screening, Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Transplantation Medicine, Division of Surgery, Inflammatory Diseases and Transplantation, Norwegian PSC Research Center, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Rong Zhong
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yuan Ma
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kana Wu
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Andrew T. Chan
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Edward L. Giovannucci
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shuji Ogino
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kimmie Ng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jeffrey A. Meyerhardt
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mingyang Song
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
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3
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Link-Rachner CS, Göbel A, Jaschke NP, Rachner TD. Endocrine health in survivors of adult-onset cancer. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2024; 12:350-364. [PMID: 38604215 DOI: 10.1016/s2213-8587(24)00088-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Long-term survivors of cancer (ie, the patient who is considered cured or for whom the disease is under long-term control and unlikely to recur) are at an increased risk of developing endocrine complications such as hypothalamic-pituitary dysfunctions, hypogonadisms, osteoporosis, or metabolic disorders, particularly when intensive tumour-directed therapies are applied. Symptom severity associated with these conditions ranges from mild and subclinical to highly detrimental, affecting individual health and quality of life. Although they are usually manageable, many of these endocrine pathologies remain underdiagnosed and untreated for years. To address this challenge, a higher degree of awareness, standardised screening tools, comprehensible treatment algorithms, and a close collaborative effort between endocrinologists and oncologists are essential to early identify patients who are at risk, and to implement appropriate treatment protocols. This Review highlights common symptoms and conditions related to endocrine disorders among survivors of adult-onset cancer, provides a summary of the currently available practice guidelines, and proposes a practical approach to diagnose affected patients among this group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cornelia S Link-Rachner
- Division of Haematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine I, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Andy Göbel
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Bone Diseases, Department of Medicine III, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Dresden, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Nikolai P Jaschke
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Bone Diseases, Department of Medicine III, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Dresden, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Tilman D Rachner
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Bone Diseases, Department of Medicine III, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Dresden, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
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4
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Zhang X, He Y, Li X, Shraim R, Xu W, Wang L, Farrington SM, Campbell H, Timofeeva M, Zgaga L, Vaughan-Shaw P, Theodoratou E, Dunlop MG. Circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D and survival outcomes of colorectal cancer: evidence from population-based prospective cohorts and Mendelian randomisation. Br J Cancer 2024; 130:1585-1591. [PMID: 38480934 PMCID: PMC11058806 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-024-02643-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To investigate the association between circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OHD) and colorectal cancer (CRC) survival outcomes. METHODS We conducted analyses among the Study of Colorectal Cancer in Scotland (SOCCS) and the UK Biobank (UKBB). Both cancer-specific survival (CSS) and overall survival (OS) outcomes were examined. The 25-OHD levels were categorised into three groups, and multi-variable Cox-proportional hazard models were applied to estimate hazard ratios (HRs). We performed individual-level Mendelian randomisation (MR) through the generated polygenic risk scores (PRS) of 25-OHD and summary-level MR using the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method. RESULTS We observed significantly poorer CSS (HR = 0.65,95%CI = 0.55-0.76,P = 1.03 × 10-7) and OS (HR = 0.66,95%CI = 0.58-0.75,P = 8.15 × 10-11) in patients with the lowest compared to those with the highest 25-OHD after adjusting for covariates. These associations remained across patients with varied tumour sites and stages. However, we found no significant association between 25-OHD PRS and either CSS (HR = 0.98,95%CI = 0.80-1.19,P = 0.83) or OS (HR = 1.07,95%CI = 0.91-1.25,P = 0.42). Furthermore, we found no evidence for causal effects by conducting summary-level MR analysis for either CSS (IVW:HR = 1.04,95%CI = 0.85-1.28,P = 0.70) or OS (IVW:HR = 1.10,95%CI = 0.93-1.31,P = 0.25). CONCLUSION This study supports the observed association between lower circulating 25-OHD and poorer survival outcomes for CRC patients. Whilst the genotype-specific association between better outcomes and higher 25-OHD is intriguing, we found no support for causality using MR approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomeng Zhang
- Centre for Global Health, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Yazhou He
- Department of Oncology, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xue Li
- Centre for Global Health, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- School of Public Health and the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Rasha Shraim
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Institute of Population Health, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Republic of Ireland
| | - Wei Xu
- Centre for Global Health, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Lijuan Wang
- Centre for Global Health, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Susan M Farrington
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Harry Campbell
- Centre for Global Health, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Maria Timofeeva
- Danish Institute for Advanced Study (DIAS), Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Lina Zgaga
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Institute of Population Health, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Republic of Ireland
| | - Peter Vaughan-Shaw
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Evropi Theodoratou
- Centre for Global Health, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
| | - Malcolm G Dunlop
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
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5
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Giampazolias E, da Costa MP, Lam KC, Lim KHJ, Cardoso A, Piot C, Chakravarty P, Blasche S, Patel S, Biram A, Castro-Dopico T, Buck MD, Rodrigues RR, Poulsen GJ, Palma-Duran SA, Rogers NC, Koufaki MA, Minutti CM, Wang P, Vdovin A, Frederico B, Childs E, Lee S, Simpson B, Iseppon A, Omenetti S, Kelly G, Goldstone R, Nye E, Suárez-Bonnet A, Priestnall SL, MacRae JI, Zelenay S, Patil KR, Litchfield K, Lee JC, Jess T, Goldszmid RS, Sousa CRE. Vitamin D regulates microbiome-dependent cancer immunity. Science 2024; 384:428-437. [PMID: 38662827 PMCID: PMC7615937 DOI: 10.1126/science.adh7954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
A role for vitamin D in immune modulation and in cancer has been suggested. In this work, we report that mice with increased availability of vitamin D display greater immune-dependent resistance to transplantable cancers and augmented responses to checkpoint blockade immunotherapies. Similarly, in humans, vitamin D-induced genes correlate with improved responses to immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment as well as with immunity to cancer and increased overall survival. In mice, resistance is attributable to the activity of vitamin D on intestinal epithelial cells, which alters microbiome composition in favor of Bacteroides fragilis, which positively regulates cancer immunity. Our findings indicate a previously unappreciated connection between vitamin D, microbial commensal communities, and immune responses to cancer. Collectively, they highlight vitamin D levels as a potential determinant of cancer immunity and immunotherapy success.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evangelos Giampazolias
- Immunobiology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
- Cancer Immunosurveillance Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester, Wilmslow Road, Manchester M20 4BX, UK
| | | | - Khiem C. Lam
- Inflammatory Cell Dynamics Section, Laboratory of Integrative Cancer Immunology (LICI), Center for Cancer Research (CCR), National Cancer Institute (NCI), 37 Convent Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892-0001, USA
| | - Kok Haw Jonathan Lim
- Immunobiology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Ana Cardoso
- Immunobiology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Cécile Piot
- Immunobiology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Probir Chakravarty
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics STP, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Sonja Blasche
- MRC Toxicology Unit, University of Cambridge, Gleeson Building, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1QR, UK
| | - Swara Patel
- Cancer Immunosurveillance Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester, Wilmslow Road, Manchester M20 4BX, UK
| | - Adi Biram
- Immunobiology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Tomas Castro-Dopico
- Immunobiology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Michael D. Buck
- Immunobiology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Richard R. Rodrigues
- Basic Science Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA
- Microbiome and Genetics Core, LICI, CCR, NCI, 37 Convent Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892-0001, USA
| | - Gry Juul Poulsen
- National Center of Excellence for Molecular Prediction of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, PREDICT, Faculty of Medicine, Aalborg University, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Aalborg University Hospital, A.C. Meyers Vænge 15, A DK-2450 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Neil C. Rogers
- Immunobiology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Maria A. Koufaki
- Cancer Inflammation and Immunity Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester, Wilmslow Road, Manchester M20 4BX, UK
| | - Carlos M. Minutti
- Immunobiology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Pengbo Wang
- Cancer Immunosurveillance Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester, Wilmslow Road, Manchester M20 4BX, UK
| | - Alexander Vdovin
- Cancer Immunosurveillance Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester, Wilmslow Road, Manchester M20 4BX, UK
| | - Bruno Frederico
- Immunobiology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Eleanor Childs
- Immunobiology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Sonia Lee
- Immunobiology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Ben Simpson
- Tumor ImmunoGenomics and Immunosurveillance (TIGI) Lab, UCL Cancer Institute, 72 Huntley St, London WC1E 6DD, UK
| | - Andrea Iseppon
- AhRimmunity Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Sara Omenetti
- AhRimmunity Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Gavin Kelly
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics STP, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Robert Goldstone
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics STP, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Emma Nye
- Experimental Histopathology, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Alejandro Suárez-Bonnet
- Experimental Histopathology, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
- Department of Pathobiology and Population Sciences, The Royal Veterinary College, Hawkshead Lane, North Mymms, Hatfield, Hertfordshire AL9 7TA, UK
| | - Simon L. Priestnall
- Experimental Histopathology, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
- Department of Pathobiology and Population Sciences, The Royal Veterinary College, Hawkshead Lane, North Mymms, Hatfield, Hertfordshire AL9 7TA, UK
| | - James I. MacRae
- Metabolomics STP, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Santiago Zelenay
- Cancer Inflammation and Immunity Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester, Wilmslow Road, Manchester M20 4BX, UK
| | - Kiran Raosaheb Patil
- MRC Toxicology Unit, University of Cambridge, Gleeson Building, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1QR, UK
| | - Kevin Litchfield
- Tumor ImmunoGenomics and Immunosurveillance (TIGI) Lab, UCL Cancer Institute, 72 Huntley St, London WC1E 6DD, UK
| | - James C. Lee
- Genetic Mechanisms of Disease Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
- Institute of Liver and Digestive Health, Division of Medicine, Royal Free Hospital, University College London, London, NW3 2QG, UK
| | - Tine Jess
- National Center of Excellence for Molecular Prediction of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, PREDICT, Faculty of Medicine, Aalborg University, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Aalborg University Hospital, A.C. Meyers Vænge 15, A DK-2450 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Romina S. Goldszmid
- Inflammatory Cell Dynamics Section, Laboratory of Integrative Cancer Immunology (LICI), Center for Cancer Research (CCR), National Cancer Institute (NCI), 37 Convent Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892-0001, USA
| | - Caetano Reis e Sousa
- Immunobiology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
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6
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Fukuzato S, Ohdaira H, Suzuki Y, Urashima M. Interaction of Vitamin D Supplements and Marine n-3 Fatty Acids on Digestive Tract Cancer Prognosis. Nutrients 2024; 16:921. [PMID: 38612957 PMCID: PMC11013482 DOI: 10.3390/nu16070921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
A meta-analysis suggested that marine n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), e.g., eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), might reduce cancer mortality. However, a randomized clinical trial of marine n-3 PUFA and vitamin D supplementation failed to verify this benefit. This study aimed to investigate the potential interaction between vitamin D supplementation and serum EPA and DHA levels. This post hoc analysis of the AMATERASU trial (UMIN000001977), a randomized controlled trial (RCT), included 302 patients with digestive tract cancers divided into two subgroups stratified by median serum levels of EPA + DHA into higher and lower halves. The 5-year relapse-free survival (RFS) rate was significantly higher in the higher half (80.9%) than the lower half (67.8%; hazard ratio (HR), 2.15; 95% CI, 1.29-3.59). In the patients in the lower EPA + DHA group, the 5-year RFS was significantly higher in the vitamin D (74.9%) than the placebo group (49.9%; HR, 0.43; 95% CI, 0.24-0.78). Conversely, vitamin D had no effect in the higher half, suggesting that vitamin D supplementation only had a significant interactive effect on RFS in the lower half (p for interaction = 0.03). These results suggest that vitamin D supplementation may reduce the risk of relapse or death by interacting with marine n-3 PUFAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soichiro Fukuzato
- Division of Molecular Epidemiology, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo 105-8461, Japan;
| | - Hironori Ohdaira
- Department of Surgery, International University of Health and Welfare Hospital, Narita-shi 286-0048, Japan; (H.O.); (Y.S.)
| | - Yutaka Suzuki
- Department of Surgery, International University of Health and Welfare Hospital, Narita-shi 286-0048, Japan; (H.O.); (Y.S.)
| | - Mitsuyoshi Urashima
- Division of Molecular Epidemiology, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo 105-8461, Japan;
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7
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Ran C, Pu K. Molecularly generated light and its biomedical applications. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202314468. [PMID: 37955419 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202314468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Molecularly generated light, referred to here as "molecular light", mainly includes bioluminescence, chemiluminescence, and Cerenkov luminescence. Molecular light possesses unique dual features of being both a molecule and a source of light. Its molecular nature enables it to be delivered as molecules to regions deep within the body, overcoming the limitations of natural sunlight and physically generated light sources like lasers and LEDs. Simultaneously, its light properties make it valuable for applications such as imaging, photodynamic therapy, photo-oxidative therapy, and photobiomodulation. In this review article, we provide an updated overview of the diverse applications of molecular light and discuss the strengths and weaknesses of molecular light across various domains. Lastly, we present forward-looking perspectives on the potential of molecular light in the realms of molecular imaging, photobiological mechanisms, therapeutic applications, and photobiomodulation. While some of these perspectives may be considered bold and contentious, our intent is to inspire further innovations in the field of molecular light applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chongzhao Ran
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02129, USA
| | - Kanyi Pu
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 637459, Singapore, Singapore
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 308232, Singapore, Singapore
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8
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Ottaiano A, Iacovino ML, Santorsola M, Facchini S, Iervolino D, Perri F, Nasti G, Quagliariello V, Maurea N, Ronchi A, Facchini BA, Bignucolo A, Berretta M. Circulating vitamin D level before initiating chemotherapy impacts on the time-to-outcome in metastatic colorectal cancer patients: systematic review and meta-analysis. J Transl Med 2024; 22:119. [PMID: 38291479 PMCID: PMC10826188 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-04889-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamin D (VD) is implicated in various health conditions, including colorectal cancer (CRC). To investigate potential relationships between pre-chemotherapy VD levels and the time-to-outcome in metastatic CRC patients, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis. METHODS Following the PRISMA 2020 guidelines, we performed thorough searches in PubMed/MEDLINE and Scopus/ELSEVIER databases (covering the years 2002 to 2022). Inclusion criteria mandated studies to report on individuals aged 18 years and above with histologically confirmed stage IV CRC. Additionally, studies needed to provide data on VD levels before chemotherapy, along with hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for overall survival (OS) and/or progression-free survival (PFS). Five articles were identified with the aim of establishing a combined risk estimate for death and progression based on pre-chemotherapy VD levels. Heterogeneity among studies and publication bias were evaluated using Tau2, I2 statistics, and a Funnel plot. RESULTS Although no significant heterogeneity was observed in time-to-outcome among the selected studies, variations in technical assessments and serum VD concentration measurements were noted. The pooled analysis, involving 1712 patients for OS and 1264 patients for PFS, revealed a 47% increased risk of death (HR: 1.47, 95% CI: 1.21-1.79) and a 38% increased risk of progression (HR: 1.38, 95% CI: 1.13-1.70) for patients with lower VD levels, as indicated by fixed-effects models. CONCLUSIONS Our results emphasize the adverse effects of low VD concentration on the time-to-outcome in metastatic CRC patients. This underscores the importance of investigating VD supplementation as an innovative approach in this clinical setting to enhance patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Ottaiano
- Istituto Nazionale Tumori di Napoli, IRCCS "G. Pascale", 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Lucia Iacovino
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Sergio Facchini
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Domenico Iervolino
- Istituto Nazionale Tumori di Napoli, IRCCS "G. Pascale", 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Perri
- Istituto Nazionale Tumori di Napoli, IRCCS "G. Pascale", 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Guglielmo Nasti
- Istituto Nazionale Tumori di Napoli, IRCCS "G. Pascale", 80131, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Nicola Maurea
- Division of Cardiology, IRCCS "G. Pascale", 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Andrea Ronchi
- Pathology Unit, Department of Mental Health and Physic and Preventive Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Bianca Arianna Facchini
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Alessia Bignucolo
- Integrative Medicine Research Group (IMRG), Noceto, 43015, Parma, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Berretta
- Integrative Medicine Research Group (IMRG), Noceto, 43015, Parma, Italy.
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98122, Messina, Italy.
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9
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Garutti M, Noto C, Pastò B, Cucciniello L, Alajmo M, Casirati A, Pedrazzoli P, Caccialanza R, Puglisi F. Nutritional Management of Oncological Symptoms: A Comprehensive Review. Nutrients 2023; 15:5068. [PMID: 38140327 PMCID: PMC10745914 DOI: 10.3390/nu15245068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Throughout their experience of illness and during the course of treatment, a substantial proportion of cancer patients are prone to develop nutritional and/or metabolic disturbances. Additionally, cancer patients often encounter long-term side effects from therapies, which may lead to impaired digestion, nutrient absorption or bowel motility. Therefore, the preservation and maintenance of an optimal and balanced nutritional status are pivotal to achieving a better prognosis, increasing the tolerance and adherence to cancer therapies and improving the overall quality of life. In this context, personalized nutritional programs are essential for addressing conditions predisposing to weight loss, feeding difficulties, digestion problems and intestinal irregularity, with the goal of promoting adequate nutrient absorption and minimizing the detrimental effects of treatment regimens. The focus of this research is to examine the most common clinical conditions and metabolic changes that cancer patients may experience, including stomatitis, xerostomia, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, dysphagia, sub-occlusion, dysgeusia, dysosmia, anorexia, and cachexia. Furthermore, we present a pragmatic example of a multidisciplinary workflow that incorporates customized recipes tailored to individual clinical scenarios, all while maintaining the hedonic value of the meals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattia Garutti
- CRO Aviano, National Cancer Institute, IRCCS, 33081 Aviano, Italy
| | - Claudia Noto
- CRO Aviano, National Cancer Institute, IRCCS, 33081 Aviano, Italy
- Department of Medicine, University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Brenno Pastò
- CRO Aviano, National Cancer Institute, IRCCS, 33081 Aviano, Italy
- Department of Medicine, University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Linda Cucciniello
- CRO Aviano, National Cancer Institute, IRCCS, 33081 Aviano, Italy
- Department of Medicine, University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | | | - Amanda Casirati
- Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Paolo Pedrazzoli
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Therapy, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Medical Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Riccardo Caccialanza
- Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Therapy, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Fabio Puglisi
- CRO Aviano, National Cancer Institute, IRCCS, 33081 Aviano, Italy
- Department of Medicine, University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy
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10
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Zhang QF, Xiao HM, An N, Zhu QF, Feng YQ. Determination of vitamin D metabolites in various biological samples through an improved chemical derivatization assisted liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry approach. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2023; 15:6009-6014. [PMID: 37927098 DOI: 10.1039/d3ay01769a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Vitamin D (VD) metabolites are involved in a variety of important metabolic processes and physiological effects in organisms. Profiling of VD metabolites favors a deep understanding of the physiological role of VD. However, VD metabolites are difficult to detect due to their high chemical structural rigidity, structural similarity, and low sensitivities under liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Herein, we present a chemical derivatization assisted LC-MS/MS strategy for the detection of VDs, in which 4-phenyl-1,2,4-triazoline-3,5-dione (PTAD) is employed to derivatize the conjugated diene of VD metabolites and provides sensitizing reporters for MS detection. After PTAD derivatization, the sensitivities of seven VD metabolites increased by 24-276 folds, with the limits of detection ranging from 3 to 20 pg mL-1. Using this method, we achieved a sensitive and accurate quantification of 7 VD metabolites (vitamin D2, vitamin D3, 25-hydroxyvitamin D2, 25-hydroxyvitamin D3, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D2, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, and 1,24,25-trihydroxyvitamin D3) of the VD metabolic pathway in different trace biological samples, including human serum, mouse tissues (namely liver, kidney, lung, and spleen), and cells. We believe that the present method can provide a promising tool for an in-depth analysis of VD metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin-Feng Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China.
- Hubei Geological Research Laboratory, Wuhan 430034, PR China
| | - Hua-Ming Xiao
- Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China.
| | - Na An
- Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China.
| | - Quan-Fei Zhu
- School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, PR China.
| | - Yu-Qi Feng
- Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China.
- School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, PR China.
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11
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Liu J, Huang B, Ding F, Li Y. Environment factors, DNA methylation, and cancer. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2023; 45:7543-7568. [PMID: 37715840 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-023-01749-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023]
Abstract
Today, the rapid development of science and technology and the rapid change in economy and society are changing the way of life of human beings and affecting the natural, living, working, and internal environment on which human beings depend. At the same time, the global incidence of cancer has increased significantly yearly, and cancer has become the number one killer that threatens human health. Studies have shown that diet, living habits, residential environment, mental and psychological factors, intestinal flora, genetics, social factors, and viral and non-viral infections are closely related to human cancer. However, the molecular mechanisms of the environment and cancer development remain to be further explored. In recent years, DNA methylation has become a key hub and bridge for environmental and cancer research. Some environmental factors can alter the hyper/hypomethylation of human cancer suppressor gene promoters, proto-oncogene promoters, and the whole genome, causing low/high expression or gene mutation of related genes, thereby exerting oncogenic or anticancer effects. It is expected to develop early warning markers of cancer environment based on DNA methylation, thereby providing new methods for early detection of cancers, diagnosis, and targeted therapy. This review systematically expounds on the internal mechanism of environmental factors affecting cancer by changing DNA methylation, aiming to help establish the concept of cancer prevention and improve people's health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lan Zhou, China
- Key Laboratory of the Digestive System Tumors of Gansu Province, Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lan Zhou, China
| | - Binjie Huang
- Department of General Surgery, Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lan Zhou, China
- Key Laboratory of the Digestive System Tumors of Gansu Province, Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lan Zhou, China
| | - Feifei Ding
- Department of General Surgery, Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lan Zhou, China
- Key Laboratory of the Digestive System Tumors of Gansu Province, Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lan Zhou, China
| | - Yumin Li
- Department of General Surgery, Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lan Zhou, China.
- Key Laboratory of the Digestive System Tumors of Gansu Province, Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lan Zhou, China.
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12
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Chen CS, Zirpoli G, Barlow WE, Budd GT, McKiver B, Pusztai L, Hortobagyi GN, Albain KS, Damaj MI, Godwin AK, Thompson A, Henry NL, Ambrosone CB, Stringer KA, Hertz DL. Vitamin D Insufficiency as a Risk Factor for Paclitaxel-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy in SWOG S0221. J Natl Compr Canc Netw 2023; 21:1172-1180.e3. [PMID: 37935109 PMCID: PMC10976748 DOI: 10.6004/jnccn.2023.7062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prior work suggests that patients with vitamin D insufficiency may have a higher risk of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) from paclitaxel. The objective of this study was to validate vitamin D insufficiency as a CIPN risk factor. METHODS We used data and samples from the prospective phase III SWOG S0221 (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00070564) trial that compared paclitaxel-containing chemotherapy regimens for early-stage breast cancer. We quantified pretreatment 25-hydroxy-vitamin D in banked serum samples using a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry targeted assay. We tested the association between vitamin D insufficiency (≤20 ng/mL) and grade ≥3 sensory CIPN via multiple logistic regression and then adjusted for self-reported race, age, body mass index, and paclitaxel schedule (randomization to weekly or every-2-week dosing). We also tested the direct effect of vitamin D deficiency on mechanical hypersensitivity in mice randomized to a regular or vitamin D-deficient diet. RESULTS Of the 1,191 female patients in the analysis, 397 (33.3%) had pretreatment vitamin D insufficiency, and 195 (16.4%) developed grade ≥3 CIPN. Patients with vitamin D insufficiency had a higher incidence of grade ≥3 CIPN than those who had sufficient vitamin D (20.7% vs 14.2%; odds ratio [OR], 1.57; 95% CI, 1.14-2.15; P=.005). The association retained significance after adjusting for age and paclitaxel schedule (adjusted OR, 1.65; 95% CI, 1.18-2.30; P=.003) but not race (adjusted OR, 1.39; 95% CI, 0.98-1.97; P=.066). In the mouse experiments, the vitamin D-deficient diet caused mechanical hypersensitivity and sensitized mice to paclitaxel (both P<.05). CONCLUSIONS Pretreatment vitamin D insufficiency is the first validated potentially modifiable predictive biomarker of CIPN from paclitaxel. Prospective trials are needed to determine whether vitamin D supplementation prevents CIPN and improves treatment outcomes in patients with breast and other cancer types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ciao-Sin Chen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Michigan College of Pharmacy, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Gary Zirpoli
- Slone Epidemiology Center, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - G. Thomas Budd
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Bryan McKiver
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Translational Research Initiative for Pain and Neuropathy, Virginia Commonwealth University, USA
| | | | - Gabriel N. Hortobagyi
- Breast Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - M. Imad Damaj
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Translational Research Initiative for Pain and Neuropathy, Virginia Commonwealth University, USA
| | - Andrew K. Godwin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
- Kansas Institute for Precision Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | | | - N. Lynn Henry
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Christine B. Ambrosone
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Kathleen A. Stringer
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Michigan College of Pharmacy, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- NMR Metabolomics Laboratory, University of Michigan College of Pharmacy, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Daniel L. Hertz
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Michigan College of Pharmacy, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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13
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Halma MTJ, Tuszynski JA, Marik PE. Cancer Metabolism as a Therapeutic Target and Review of Interventions. Nutrients 2023; 15:4245. [PMID: 37836529 PMCID: PMC10574675 DOI: 10.3390/nu15194245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is amenable to low-cost treatments, given that it has a significant metabolic component, which can be affected through diet and lifestyle change at minimal cost. The Warburg hypothesis states that cancer cells have an altered cell metabolism towards anaerobic glycolysis. Given this metabolic reprogramming in cancer cells, it is possible to target cancers metabolically by depriving them of glucose. In addition to dietary and lifestyle modifications which work on tumors metabolically, there are a panoply of nutritional supplements and repurposed drugs associated with cancer prevention and better treatment outcomes. These interventions and their evidentiary basis are covered in the latter half of this review to guide future cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew T. J. Halma
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- EbMC Squared CIC, Bath BA2 4BL, UK
| | - Jack A. Tuszynski
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, 11335 Saskatchewan Dr NW, Edmonton, AB T6G 2M9, Canada
- Department of Data Science and Engineering, The Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
- DIMEAS, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, I-1029 Turin, Italy
| | - Paul E. Marik
- Frontline COVID-19 Critical Care Alliance, Washington, DC 20036, USA
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14
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Elebo N, Abdel-Shafy EA, Cacciatore S, Nweke EE. Exploiting the molecular subtypes and genetic landscape in pancreatic cancer: the quest to find effective drugs. Front Genet 2023; 14:1170571. [PMID: 37790705 PMCID: PMC10544984 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1170571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a very lethal disease that typically presents at an advanced stage and is non-compliant with most treatments. Recent technologies have helped delineate associated molecular subtypes and genetic variations yielding important insights into the pathophysiology of this disease and having implications for the identification of new therapeutic targets. Drug repurposing has been evaluated as a new paradigm in oncology to accelerate the application of approved or failed target-specific molecules for the treatment of cancer patients. This review focuses on the impact of molecular subtypes on key genomic alterations in PDAC, and the progress made thus far. Importantly, these alterations are discussed in light of the potential role of drug repurposing in PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nnenna Elebo
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa
- Bioinformatics Unit, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Ebtesam A. Abdel-Shafy
- Bioinformatics Unit, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Cape Town, South Africa
- National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Stefano Cacciatore
- Bioinformatics Unit, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Ekene Emmanuel Nweke
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa
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15
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Pereira F, Fernández-Barral A, Larriba MJ, Barbáchano A, González-Sancho JM. From molecular basis to clinical insights: a challenging future for the vitamin D endocrine system in colorectal cancer. FEBS J 2023. [PMID: 37699548 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most life-threatening neoplasias in terms of incidence and mortality worldwide. Vitamin D deficiency has been associated with an increased risk of CRC. 1α,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25(OH)2 D3 ], the most active vitamin D metabolite, is a pleiotropic hormone that, through its binding to a transcription factor of the nuclear receptor superfamily, is a major regulator of the human genome. 1,25(OH)2 D3 acts on colon carcinoma and stromal cells and displays tumor protective actions. Here, we review the variety of molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of 1,25(OH)2 D3 in CRC, which affect multiple processes that are dysregulated during tumor initiation and progression. Additionally, we discuss the epidemiological data that associate vitamin D deficiency and CRC, and the most relevant randomized controlled trials of vitamin D3 supplementation conducted in both healthy individuals and CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fábio Pereira
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Sols-Morreale, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain
- Servicio de Oncología Radioterápica, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Ourense, Spain
| | - Asunción Fernández-Barral
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Sols-Morreale, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Universitario La Paz-IdiPAZ (Hospital Universitario La Paz-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid), Spain
| | - María Jesús Larriba
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Sols-Morreale, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Universitario La Paz-IdiPAZ (Hospital Universitario La Paz-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid), Spain
| | - Antonio Barbáchano
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Sols-Morreale, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Universitario La Paz-IdiPAZ (Hospital Universitario La Paz-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid), Spain
| | - José Manuel González-Sancho
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Sols-Morreale, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Universitario La Paz-IdiPAZ (Hospital Universitario La Paz-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid), Spain
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain
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Kyaw TS, Upadhyay V, Tolstykh I, Van Loon K, Laffan A, Stanfield D, Gempis D, Kenfield SA, Chan JM, Piawah S, Atreya CE, Ng K, Venook A, Kidder W, Turnbaugh PJ, Van Blarigan EL. Variety of Fruit and Vegetables and Alcohol Intake are Associated with Gut Microbial Species and Gene Abundance in Colorectal Cancer Survivors. Am J Clin Nutr 2023; 118:518-529. [PMID: 37474105 PMCID: PMC10550847 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2023.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adherence to the American Cancer Society (ACS) guidelines of avoiding obesity, maintaining physical activity, and consuming a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains is associated with longer survival in colorectal cancer (CRC) survivors. Dietary components of the ACS guidelines may act in part by changing the microbiome, which is implicated in CRC outcomes. OBJECTIVES We conducted a pilot cross-sectional study to explore associations between ACS guidelines and the gut microbiome. METHODS Stool samples and questionnaires were collected from 28 CRC survivors at the University of California, San Francisco from 2019 to 2020. ACS scores were calculated based on validated questionnaires. Gut microbial community structure from 16S amplicons and gene/pathway abundances from metagenomics were tested for associations with the ACS score and its components using ANOVA and general linear models. RESULTS The overall ACS score was not significantly associated with variations in the fecal microbiota. However, fruit and vegetable intake and alcohol intake accounted for 19% (P = 0.005) and 13% (P = 0.01) of variation in the microbiota, respectively. Fruit/vegetable consumption was associated with increased microbial diversity, increased Firmicutes, decreased Bacteroidota, and changes to multiple genes and metabolic pathways, including enriched pathways for amino acid and short-chain fatty acid biosynthesis and plant-associated sugar degradation. In contrast, alcohol consumption was positively associated with overall microbial diversity, negatively associated with Bacteroidota abundance, and associated with changes to multiple genes and metabolic pathways. The other components of the ACS score were not statistically significantly associated with the fecal microbiota in our sample. CONCLUSIONS These results guide future studies examining the impact of changes in the intake of fruits, vegetables, and alcoholic drinks on the gut microbiome of CRC survivors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Than S Kyaw
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Vaibhav Upadhyay
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States; Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Irina Tolstykh
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Katherine Van Loon
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States; University of California San Francisco Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Angela Laffan
- University of California San Francisco Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Dalila Stanfield
- University of California San Francisco Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Daryll Gempis
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Stacey A Kenfield
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States; Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, United States
| | - June M Chan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States; Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, United States
| | - Sorbarikor Piawah
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States; University of California San Francisco Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Chloe E Atreya
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States; University of California San Francisco Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Kimmie Ng
- Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Alan Venook
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States; University of California San Francisco Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Wesley Kidder
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States; University of California San Francisco Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Peter J Turnbaugh
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States; Chan Zuckerberg Biohub - San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States.
| | - Erin L Van Blarigan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States; Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, United States.
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17
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Wi YJ, Na SY. [Calcium, Vitamin D, and Colorectal Cancer]. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY = TAEHAN SOHWAGI HAKHOE CHI 2023; 82:47-55. [PMID: 37621239 DOI: 10.4166/kjg.2023.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer has a high incidence and mortality worldwide, with Westernized lifestyles and diet being significant contributing factors. Vitamin D and calcium have been known to reduce the incidence of colorectal cancer by affecting cell differentiation, proliferation, and apoptosis. Despite observational studies which have suggested that a higher serum vitamin D level can lower the risk of colorectal cancer and improve survival rates, no large-scale randomized controlled trials to establish these benefits have been conducted to date. Calcium intake has also been found to have a beneficial role in reducing the incidence and improving survival rates of colorectal cancer in several observational studies. Moreover, intervention studies have proved its effect in preventing colorectal adenomas. However, there are few intervention studies that have identified the relationship of vitamin D and calcium with colon cancer. To elucidate the impact of vitamin D and calcium supplementation on colorectal cancer, well-designed and large-scale randomized controlled trials are necessary in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Jo Wi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Incheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soo-Young Na
- Department of Internal Medicine, Incheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
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18
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Holick MF. The Death D-Fying Vitamin D3 for Digestive Tract Cancers-The p53 Antibody Connection. JAMA Netw Open 2023; 6:e2328883. [PMID: 37606930 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.28883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/23/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Michael F Holick
- Departments of Medicine, Pharmacology, Physiology and Biophysics and Molecular Medicine, Chobanian & Avedisian Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
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19
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Lawler TP, Khankari NK, Shu XO, Steinwandel M, Cai Q, Jurutka PW, Zheng W, Andersen SW. Prediagnostic 25-Hydroxyvitamin D in Association with Cancer-specific and All-cause Mortality among Low-income, Non-Hispanic Black Americans with Colorectal Cancer. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2023; 32:1061-1068. [PMID: 37257199 PMCID: PMC10527198 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-23-0252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Observational studies show high prediagnosis 25-hydroxyvitamin D is associated with lower mortality after colorectal cancer diagnosis. Results from clinical trials suggest vitamin D supplementation may improve outcomes among patients with colorectal cancer. Most studies included few Black Americans, who typically have lower 25-hydroxyvitamin D. We evaluated associations between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and mortality after colorectal cancer diagnosis among Black American cases. METHODS Data arose from 218 Black Americans from the Southern Community Cohort Study diagnosed with colorectal cancer during follow-up (age 40-79 at enrollment). Prediagnostic 25-hydroxyvitamin D was measured at enrollment and categorized as deficient (<12 ng/mL), insufficient (12-19.9 ng/mL), or sufficient (≥20 ng/mL). Mortality was determined from the National Death Index. Cox proportional hazards were used to estimate HRs and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for associations between 25-hydroxyvitamin D and mortality. RESULTS As a continuous exposure, higher 25-hydroxyvitamin D was associated with overall mortality [HR = 0.79 (0.65-0.96) per-SD increase, Ptrend = 0.02] and colorectal cancer-specific mortality [HR = 0.83 (0.64-1.08), Ptrend = 0.16]. For overall mortality, associations were strongest among females [HR = 0.65 (0.42-0.92)], current smokers [HR = 0.61 (0.38-0.98)], and obese participants [HR = 0.47 (0.29-0.77)]. Compared with those with deficiency, participants with sufficient 25-hydroxyvitamin D had lower overall mortality after multivariable adjustment [HR: 0.61 (0.37-1.01)]. CONCLUSIONS Prediagnosis 25-hydroxyvitamin D is inversely associated with overall and colorectal cancer-specific mortality among Black Americans with colorectal cancer. Correcting vitamin D deficiency may improve survival of these patients, particularly for obese individuals and smokers. IMPACT Our results support including more Black Americans in trials of vitamin D supplementations to improve colorectal cancer outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas P. Lawler
- Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Nikhil K. Khankari
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Xiao-Ou Shu
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Mark Steinwandel
- International Epidemiology Field Station, Vanderbilt Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Qiuyin Cai
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Peter W Jurutka
- School of Mathematical and Natural Sciences, Arizona State University, Phoenix, Arizona
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, The University of Arizona, College of Medicine, Phoenix, Arizona
| | - Wei Zheng
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Shaneda Warren Andersen
- Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
- School of Medicine and Public Health, Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
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20
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Di Napoli R, Balzano N, Mascolo A, Cimmino C, Vitiello A, Zovi A, Capuano A, Boccellino M. What Is the Role of Nutraceutical Products in Cancer Patients? A Systematic Review of Randomized Clinical Trials. Nutrients 2023; 15:3249. [PMID: 37513667 PMCID: PMC10383141 DOI: 10.3390/nu15143249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy represents the main pharmacological cancer treatment. Recently, positive effects emerged with the combination of anticancer therapy and nutraceutical products. The aim of this systematic review is to collect and synthesize the available scientific evidence regarding the potential effects of nutraceuticals on cancer cells. A systematic literature search of randomized clinical trials of nutraceutical products in patients with cancer published up to 15 December 2022 was conducted using three data sources: Embase, PubMed, and Web of Science. The effect of high-dose isoflavone supplements on prostate cancer resulted in stabilization or reduction of PSA concentrations in 50% of isoflavone group patients six months after treatment. High doses of vitamin D supplementation plus chemotherapy in patients with advanced or metastatic colorectal cancer showed a median PFS of 13.0 months (95% CI, 10.1-14.7 months) for 49 patients. The effect of vitamin D supplementation on markers of inflammatory level and antioxidant capacity in women with breast cancer showed a significant increase in serum vitamin D concentration (28 ± 2.6 to 39 ± 3.5; p = 0.004) after 8 weeks of treatment. In conclusion, nutraceutical supplements represent a potentially growing sector and can be utilized in medical treatment or nutrition to provide integrated medical care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaella Di Napoli
- Campania Regional Centre for Pharmacovigilance and Pharmacoepidemiology, 80138 Naples, Italy
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Pharmacology "L. Donatelli", University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Nunzia Balzano
- Campania Regional Centre for Pharmacovigilance and Pharmacoepidemiology, 80138 Naples, Italy
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Pharmacology "L. Donatelli", University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Annamaria Mascolo
- Campania Regional Centre for Pharmacovigilance and Pharmacoepidemiology, 80138 Naples, Italy
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Pharmacology "L. Donatelli", University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy
| | | | | | - Andrea Zovi
- Ministry of Health, Viale Giorgio Ribotta 5, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Annalisa Capuano
- Campania Regional Centre for Pharmacovigilance and Pharmacoepidemiology, 80138 Naples, Italy
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Pharmacology "L. Donatelli", University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Mariarosaria Boccellino
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy
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21
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Ciarambino T, Crispino P, Minervini G, Giordano M. Vitamin D: Can Gender Medicine Have a Role? Biomedicines 2023; 11:1762. [PMID: 37371857 PMCID: PMC10296422 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11061762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This narrative review aims to shed light on the role of gender differences, on the biological and molecular functions in the main pathological mechanisms that recognize the role of vitamin D. Vitamin D deficiency is widespread worldwide, but it is still very controversial whether the amount of vitamin D taken daily is actually the only problem related to its biological functions. Currently, the plasma concentration of 25-hydroxyvitamin D represents the only indicator of the circulating blood quota. The concept is that the biological function of vitamin D is not only linked to its circulating levels, but it is hypothesized that its biological functions depend, above all, on its total bioavailability. In particular, vitamin D circulates for the most part linked to albumin and vitamin D binding protein (DBP), which depend on various pathological conditions and physiologically, above all, the function of the latter is regulated by estrogens, glucocorticoids, and inflammatory cytokines. During her life, women undergo various changes in the hormonal and sexual sphere concerning menarche, possible pregnancies, and breastfeeding but also the use of contraceptives and, finally, the transition from the period of fertility to menopause. Each of these phases presents specific needs and, consequently, sometimes also specific criticalities. Studies on young women have shown that vitamin D deficiency is present in 58 to 91% of cases. Obesity, metabolic disorders, and variation in estrogen contraction may affect vitamin D deficiency due to the decreased bioavailability from dietary sources due to deposition in body fat compartments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiziana Ciarambino
- Internal Medicine Department, Hospital of Marcianise, ASL Caserta, 81037 Caserta, Italy
| | - Pietro Crispino
- Internal Medicine Department, Hospital of Latina, ASL Latina, 04100 Latina, Italy
| | - Giovanni Minervini
- Emergency Department, Hospital of Lagonegro, AOR San Carlo, 85042 Lagonegro, Italy
| | - Mauro Giordano
- Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences Department, University of Campania, L. Vanvitelli, 81100 Naples, Italy;
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22
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Piotrowska A, Zaucha R, Król O, Żmijewski MA. Vitamin D Modulates the Response of Patient-Derived Metastatic Melanoma Cells to Anticancer Drugs. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24098037. [PMID: 37175742 PMCID: PMC10178305 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is considered a lethal and treatment-resistant skin cancer with a high risk of recurrence, making it a major clinical challenge. Our earlier studies documented that 1,25(OH)2D3 and its low-calcaemic analogues potentiate the effectiveness of dacarbazine and cediranib, a pan-VEGFR inhibitor. In the current study, a set of patient-derived melanoma cultures was established and characterised as a preclinical model of human melanoma. Thus, patient-derived cells were preconditioned with 1,25(OH)2D3 and treated with cediranib or vemurafenib, a BRAF inhibitor, depending on the BRAF mutation status of the patients enrolled in the study. 1,25(OH)2D3 preconditioning exacerbated the inhibition of patient-derived melanoma cell growth and motility in comparison to monotherapy with cediranib. A significant decrease in mitochondrial respiration parameters, such as non-mitochondrial oxygen consumption, basal respiration and ATP-linked respiration, was observed. It seems that 1,25(OH)2D3 preconditioning enhanced cediranib efficacy via the modulation of mitochondrial bioenergetics. Additionally, 1,25(OH)2D3 also decreased the viability and mobility of the BRAF+ patient-derived cells treated with vemurafenib. Interestingly, regardless of the strict selection, cancer-derived fibroblasts (CAFs) became the major fraction of cultured cells over time, suggesting that melanoma growth is dependent on CAFs. In conclusion, the results of our study strongly emphasise that the active form of vitamin D, 1,25(OH)2D3, might be considered as an adjuvant agent in the treatment of malignant melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Piotrowska
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Renata Zaucha
- Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-214 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Oliwia Król
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland
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Vaughan-Shaw PG, Buijs LF, Blackmur JP, Ewing A, Becher H, Theodoratou E, Ooi LY, Din FVN, Farrington SM, Dunlop MG. A feasibility study of perioperative vitamin D supplementation in patients undergoing colorectal cancer resection. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1106431. [PMID: 37063332 PMCID: PMC10103841 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1106431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Vitamin D supplementation improves colorectal cancer (CRC) survival outcomes in randomized trials. The aim of this study was to test the feasibility, safety and efficacy of vitamin D supplementation in the pre- and perioperative period in patients undergoing CRC surgery. Methods Patients were given 3200IU oral cholecalciferol (D3) per day perioperatively. Serial serum 25-hydroxyvitamin (25OHD) was measured by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry and compared to untreated CRC controls. 25OHD and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were compared using adjusted generalized linear mixed-effects models. Results A total of 122 patients underwent serial perioperative sampling, including 41 patients given high-dose perioperative supplementation. Supplementation was well-tolerated with no adverse or serious adverse events related to supplementation reported. Pre-operative supplementation increased 25OHD levels on the day of surgery (103.9 vs. 42.5 nmol/l, P = 8.2E-12). Supplementation increased 25OHD levels at all post-operative timepoints (P < 0.001) and attenuated the post-operative drop in 25OHD (46 vs. 24% drop, P = 3.0E-4). Rate of vitamin D peri-operative insufficiency was significantly less in those on supplementation (e.g., day 3-5, 14 vs. 84%, P = 1.41E-08), with multivariate modeling across all timepoints indicating a ∼59 nmol/l higher 25OHD compared to control patients (P = 3.7E-21). Post-operative CRP was lower in patients taking supplementation (e.g., day 3-5 timepoint; 129 vs. 81 mg/l, P = 0.04). Conclusion High dose pre-operative vitamin D supplementation is associated with higher perioperative 25OHD levels, lower rates of vitamin D insufficiency and reduced early post-operative CRP. Alongside published evidence for a beneficial effect of vitamin D on CRC survival outcomes, these novel findings provide strong rationale for early initiation of vitamin D supplementation after a diagnosis of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. G. Vaughan-Shaw
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - L. F. Buijs
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - J. P. Blackmur
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - A. Ewing
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - H. Becher
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - E. Theodoratou
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute for Population Health Sciences and Informatics, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - L. Y. Ooi
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- Department of Pathology, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - F. V. N. Din
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - S. M. Farrington
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - M. G. Dunlop
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
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24
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Xu JJ, Zhang XB, Tong WT, Ying T, Liu KQ. Phenome-wide Mendelian randomization study evaluating the association of circulating vitamin D with complex diseases. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1108477. [PMID: 37063319 PMCID: PMC10095159 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1108477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BackgroundCirculating vitamin D has been associated with multiple clinical diseases in observational studies, but the association was inconsistent due to the presence of confounders. We conducted a bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) study to explore the healthy atlas of vitamin D in many clinical traits and evaluate their causal association.MethodsBased on a large-scale genome-wide association study (GWAS), the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) instruments of circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) from 443,734 Europeans and the corresponding effects of 10 clinical diseases and 42 clinical traits in the European population were recruited to conduct a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization study. Under the network of Mendelian randomization analysis, inverse-variance weighting (IVW), weighted median, weighted mode, and Mendelian randomization (MR)–Egger regression were performed to explore the causal effects and pleiotropy. Mendelian randomization pleiotropy RESidual Sum and Outlier (MR-PRESSO) was conducted to uncover and exclude pleiotropic SNPs.ResultsThe results revealed that genetically decreased vitamin D was inversely related to the estimated BMD (β = −0.029 g/cm2, p = 0.027), TC (β = −0.269 mmol/L, p = 0.006), TG (β = −0.208 mmol/L, p = 0.002), and pulse pressure (β = −0.241 mmHg, p = 0.043), while positively associated with lymphocyte count (β = 0.037%, p = 0.015). The results did not reveal any causal association of vitamin D with clinical diseases. On the contrary, genetically protected CKD was significantly associated with increased vitamin D (β = 0.056, p = 2.361 × 10−26).ConclusionThe putative causal effects of circulating vitamin D on estimated bone mass, plasma triglyceride, and total cholesterol were uncovered, but not on clinical diseases. Vitamin D may be linked to clinical disease by affecting health-related metabolic markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-jian Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Sun Yat-sen University (North Campus), Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University (North Campus), Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiao-bin Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Jingdezhen No.1 People's Hospital, Jingdezhen, Jiangxi, China
| | - Wen-tao Tong
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Jingdezhen No.1 People's Hospital, Jingdezhen, Jiangxi, China
| | - Teng Ying
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiangxi Medical College, Shangrao, Jiangxi, China
| | - Ke-qi Liu
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Jiangxi Medical College, Shangrao, Jiangxi, China
- *Correspondence: Ke-qi Liu
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Potential Role of Natural Antioxidant Products in Oncological Diseases. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12030704. [PMID: 36978952 PMCID: PMC10045077 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12030704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Nutrition has a significant effect and a crucial role in disease prevention. Low consumption of fruit and vegetables and a sedentary lifestyle are closely related with the onset and development of many types of cancer. Recently, nutraceuticals have gained much attention in cancer research due to their pleiotropic effects and relatively non-toxic behavior. In fact, although in the past there have been conflicting results on the role of some antioxidant compounds as allies against cancer, numerous recent clinical studies highlight the efficacy of dietary phytochemicals in the prevention and treatment of cancer. However, further investigation is necessary to gain a deeper understanding of the potential anticancer capacities of dietary phytochemicals as well as the mechanisms of their action. Therefore, this review examined the current literature on the key properties of the bioactive components present in the diet, such as carotenoids, polyphenols, and antioxidant compounds, as well as their use in cancer therapy. The review focused on potential chemopreventive properties, evaluating their synergistic effects with anticancer drugs and, consequently, the side effects associated with current cancer treatments.
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26
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Burkhardt R. Vitamin D: review of physiology and clinical uses. Minerva Endocrinol (Torino) 2023; 48:88-105. [PMID: 36920117 DOI: 10.23736/s2724-6507.22.03652-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
Interest in vitamin D has increased within the scientific community due to the impact of osteoporosis in the aging population. Vitamin D receptors are present in many tissues and low vitamin D status has been associated with many diseases in observational studies. There was hope that enhanced vitamin D provision might help prevent and treat some widespread disorders. Some of these hopes have been refuted by the results of recent large and well-conducted randomized trials. This review provides an overview of the basic physiology of vitamin D and an update on the evidence base for its clinical applications.
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27
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Duffy MJ, Mullooly M, Bennett K, Crown J. Vitamin D Supplementation: Does It Have a Preventative or Therapeutic Role in Cancer? Nutr Cancer 2023; 75:450-460. [PMID: 36495143 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2022.2145318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Although best known for its role in skeletal health, a deficiency of vitamin D has also been implicated in cancer formation and progression. The aim of this article was to review the relationship between circulating levels of vitamin D {25(OH)D} and both the risk of developing cancer and outcome from cancer. We also reviewed the effects of vitamin D supplementation on cancer risk and outcome. Our primary focus was on patients with colorectal and breast cancer, as these are two of the cancer types best investigated with respect to the effects of vitamin D on cancer risk and outcome. Based on our review of the literature, we conclude that although low circulating levels of 25(OH)D appears to be associated with an increased risk of developing breast and colorectal cancer, the available evidence suggests that supplementation of healthy subjects with vitamin D does not decrease cancer risk. Supplementation may however, improve outcomes in patients who develop cancer, but this finding remains to be confirmed in an appropriately powered randomized clinical trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Duffy
- UCD School of Medicine, Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.,UCD Clinical Research Centre, St. Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Maeve Mullooly
- School of Population Health, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Kathleen Bennett
- School of Population Health, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - John Crown
- Department of Medical Oncology, St Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
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28
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Nguyen CV, Zheng L, Zhou XA, Ernst MK, Kye Y, Choi JN, Lu KQ. High-Dose Vitamin D for the Management of Toxic Erythema of Chemotherapy in Hospitalized Patients. JAMA Dermatol 2023; 159:219-222. [PMID: 36542397 PMCID: PMC9856756 DOI: 10.1001/jamadermatol.2022.5397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
This case series describes the outcome of high-dose vitamin D treatment in 6 inpatients with acute skin injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuong V. Nguyen
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Lida Zheng
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Xiaolong A. Zhou
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Madison K. Ernst
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
- University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis
| | - Yae Kye
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
- Paul L Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, El Paso
| | - Jennifer N. Choi
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Kurt Q. Lu
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
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Guidelines for Preventing and Treating Vitamin D Deficiency: A 2023 Update in Poland. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15030695. [PMID: 36771403 PMCID: PMC9920487 DOI: 10.3390/nu15030695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: All epidemiological studies suggest that vitamin D deficiency is prevalent among the Polish general population. Since vitamin D deficiency was shown to be among the risk factors for many diseases and for all-cause mortality, concern about this problem led us to update the previous Polish recommendations. Methods: After reviewing the epidemiological evidence, case-control studies and randomized control trials (RCTs), a Polish multidisciplinary group formulated questions on the recommendations for prophylaxis and treatment of vitamin D deficiency both for the general population and for the risk groups of patients. The scientific evidence of pleiotropic effects of vitamin D as well as the results of panelists' voting were reviewed and discussed. Thirty-four authors representing different areas of expertise prepared position statements. The consensus group, representing eight Polish/international medical societies and eight national specialist consultants, prepared the final Polish recommendations. Results: Based on networking discussions, the ranges of total serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration indicating vitamin D deficiency [<20 ng/mL (<50 nmol/L)], suboptimal status [20-30 ng/mL (50-75 nmol/L)], and optimal concentration [30-50 ng/mL (75-125 nmol/L)] were confirmed. Practical guidelines for cholecalciferol (vitamin D3) as the first choice for prophylaxis and treatment of vitamin D deficiency were developed. Calcifediol dosing as the second choice for preventing and treating vitamin D deficiency was introduced. Conclusions: Improving the vitamin D status of the general population and treatment of risk groups of patients must be again announced as healthcare policy to reduce a risk of spectrum of diseases. This paper offers consensus statements on prophylaxis and treatment strategies for vitamin D deficiency in Poland.
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Rachman A, Iriani A, Priantono D, Rumondor BB, Betsy R, Juanputra S. The correlation between serum 25-hydroxy-vitamin D levels and anti-SARS-CoV-2 S-RBD IgG and neutralizing antibody levels among cancer patients receiving COVID-19 vaccines. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1066411. [PMID: 36583218 PMCID: PMC9792493 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1066411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, vitamin D has been established as an immune-modulator that reduces pro-inflammatory damage which effectively diminish the severity of COVID-19. Vitamin D also has a significant effect against influenza and dengue and increase the seroconversion following influenza vaccination. To date, the role of vitamin D in optimizing the efficacy of COVID-19 vaccines remains unclear. This study aimed to analyze the correlation between serum 25-hydroxy-cholecalciferol or 25(OH)D levels and anti-SARS-CoV-2 S-RBD IgG and neutralizing antibody levels among cancer patients. Methodology A multicenter cross-sectional study was conducted among solid and hematologic cancer patients who were vaccinated with two doses of the same types of COVID-19 vaccines (either mRNA, non-replicating viral vector, or inactivated) within 6 months. Result The median serum 25(OH)D level in 119 cancer patients was 36.36 [IQR = 30.30] ng/mL. The seropositivity of S-RBD IgG and NAb reached 93.3 and 94.1%, respectively. The S-RBD IgG level was significantly higher in the sufficient group (median = 414.07 [1,441.83] AU/mL) than in the deficient group (median = 91.56 [652.00] AU/mL) (p-value = 0.049). Among non-chemotherapy subjects, the anti-SARS-CoV-2 S-RBD IgG levels had a significant positive correlation with 25(OH)D levels (p-value = 0.03; R = 0.588). The NAb levels also showed significantly positive correlation with 25(OH)D level (p-value = 0.005; R = 0.561). The 25(OH)D levels were positively correlated with S-RBD IgG levels among subjects younger than 60 years old (p-value = 0.047; R = 0.136). However, serum 25 (OH)D levels showed no such correlation with S-RBD IgG levels among subjects older than 60 years old (p-value = 0.933; R = 0.136). Conclusion Both anti-SARS-CoV-2 S-RBD IgG and NAb levels developed moderate correlation with 25(OH)D levels among subjects treated without chemotherapy. The S-RBD IgG levels also had positive correlation with 25(OH)D levels among subjects younger than 60 years old. Thus, we recommended cancer patients to maintain serum 25(OH)D levels above 30 ng/mL (75 nmol/L) to enhance the efficacy of COVID-19 vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andhika Rachman
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital – Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia,*Correspondence: Andhika Rachman,
| | - Anggraini Iriani
- Department of Clinical Pathology, YARSI University, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Dimas Priantono
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital – Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Bayu Bijaksana Rumondor
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital - Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Rachelle Betsy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital - Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Samuel Juanputra
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital - Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
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Integrative Approaches to the Treatment of Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14235933. [PMID: 36497414 PMCID: PMC9740147 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14235933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
A significant proportion of cancer patients use forms of complementary medicine or therapies. An integrative approach to cancer management combines conventional medicine with evidence-based complementary medicines/therapies and lifestyle interventions, for the treatment and prevention of disease and the optimisation of health. Its basis is a holistic one; to treat the whole person, not just the disease. It makes use of adjunct technologies which may assist the clinician in diagnosis of early carcinogenesis and monitoring of treatment effectiveness. Many factors contribute to the development of cancer including some which are largely modifiable by the patient and which oncologists may be in a position to advise on, such as stress, poor nutrition, lack of physical activity, poor sleep, and Vitamin D deficiency. An integrative approach to addressing these factors may contribute to better overall health of the patient and better outcomes. Evidence-based complementary medicine approaches include the use of supplements, herbal medicine, various practices that reduce stress, and physical therapies. Individualised to the patient, these can also help address the symptoms and signs associated with cancer and its orthodox treatment.
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Dabaja MZ, dos Santos AA, Christofolini DM, Barbosa CP, de Oliveira DN, de Oliveira AN, Melo CFOR, Guerreiro TM, Catharino RR. Comparative metabolomic profiling of women undergoing in vitro fertilization procedures reveals potential infertility-related biomarkers in follicular fluid. Sci Rep 2022; 12:20531. [PMID: 36446837 PMCID: PMC9709069 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-24775-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Infertility is a worldwide concern, affecting one in six couples throughout their reproductive period. Therefore, enhancing the clinical tools available to identify the causes of infertility may save time, money, and emotional distress for the involved parties. This study aims to annotate potential biomarkers in follicular fluid that are negatively affecting pregnancy outcomes in women suffering infertility-related diseases such as endometriosis, tuboperitoneal factor, uterine factor, and unexplained infertility, using a metabolomics approach through high-resolution mass spectrometry. Follicular fluid samples collected from women who have the abovementioned diseases and managed to become pregnant after in vitro fertilization procedures [control group (CT)] were metabolically compared with those from women who suffer from the same diseases and could not get pregnant after the same treatment [infertile group (IF)]. Mass spectrometry analysis indicated 10 statistically relevant differential metabolites in the IF group, including phosphatidic acids, phosphatidylethanolamines, phosphatidylcholines, phosphatidylinositol, glucosylceramides, and 1-hydroxyvitamin D3 3-D-glucopyranoside. These metabolites are associated with cell signaling, cell proliferation, inflammation, oncogenesis, and apoptosis, and linked to infertility problems. Our results indicate that understanding the IF's metabolic profile may result in a faster and more assertive female infertility diagnosis, lowering the costs, and increasing the probability of a positive pregnancy outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Ziad Dabaja
- grid.411087.b0000 0001 0723 2494Innovare Biomarkers Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Campinas, Rua Cinco de Junho, 350, Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, Campinas, SP 13083-970 Brazil
| | | | - Denise Maria Christofolini
- Instituto Ideia Fértil de Saúde Reprodutiva, Santo André, SP 09060-650 Brazil ,Centro Universitário FMABC, Santo André, SP 09060-870 Brazil
| | - Caio Parente Barbosa
- Instituto Ideia Fértil de Saúde Reprodutiva, Santo André, SP 09060-650 Brazil ,Centro Universitário FMABC, Santo André, SP 09060-870 Brazil
| | - Diogo Noin de Oliveira
- grid.411087.b0000 0001 0723 2494Innovare Biomarkers Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Campinas, Rua Cinco de Junho, 350, Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, Campinas, SP 13083-970 Brazil
| | - Arthur Noin de Oliveira
- grid.411087.b0000 0001 0723 2494Innovare Biomarkers Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Campinas, Rua Cinco de Junho, 350, Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, Campinas, SP 13083-970 Brazil
| | - Carlos Fernando Odir Rodrigues Melo
- grid.411087.b0000 0001 0723 2494Innovare Biomarkers Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Campinas, Rua Cinco de Junho, 350, Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, Campinas, SP 13083-970 Brazil
| | - Tatiane Melina Guerreiro
- grid.411087.b0000 0001 0723 2494Innovare Biomarkers Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Campinas, Rua Cinco de Junho, 350, Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, Campinas, SP 13083-970 Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Ramos Catharino
- grid.411087.b0000 0001 0723 2494Innovare Biomarkers Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Campinas, Rua Cinco de Junho, 350, Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, Campinas, SP 13083-970 Brazil
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Cruz-Pierard SM, Nestares T, Amaro-Gahete FJ. Vitamin D and Calcium as Key Potential Factors Related to Colorectal Cancer Prevention and Treatment: A Systematic Review. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14224934. [PMID: 36432621 PMCID: PMC9692441 DOI: 10.3390/nu14224934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is currently considered one of the most common and lethal types of tumors. Nutrition is of notorious relevance, given its influence in CRC prevention and treatment. This systematic review aimed to revise and update the state of knowledge regarding the potential role of vitamin D and calcium as key factors involved in the prevention and treatment of CRC. A literature search was performed in PubMed and Web of Science. A total of eight studies were finally included in the present review. Vitamin D showed a protective role by promoting transcriptomic changes associated with antitumor effects. However, no significant effects of vitamin D were noted in the relapse-free survival of patients at 5 years. On the other hand, previous scientific evidence demonstrated that calcium regulates the expression of colonic proteins that decrease cell proliferation and increase cell differentiation. Nevertheless, an increased risk of associated serrated adenomas was found in response to calcium and calcium + vitamin D supplementation. Moreover, supplementation with both nutrients showed positive changes on relevant CRC biomarkers including TGFα, TGFβ1, APC, β-catenin and E-cadherin. In conclusion, vitamin D supplementation seems to have a protective effect in the prevention and treatment of CRC, while calcium intake showed contradictory effects as a prevention or treatment tool; therefore, further studies are necessary to well understand its relevance in patients with CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Teresa Nestares
- Department of Physiology, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica (CIBM), Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos “José Mataix” (INYTA), Universidad de Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Francisco J. Amaro-Gahete
- Department of Physiology, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
- PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity Research Group (PROFITH), Department of Physical and Sports Education, Faculty of Sports Science, University of Granada, 18011 Granada, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence:
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Khayami R, Goltzman D, Rabbani SA, Kerachian MA. Epigenomic effects of vitamin D in colorectal cancer. Epigenomics 2022; 14:1213-1228. [PMID: 36325830 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2022-0288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D regulates a plethora of physiological processes in the human body and has been proposed to exert several anticancer effects. Epigenetics plays an important role in regulating vitamin D actions. In this review, we highlight the recent advances in the understanding of different epigenetic factors such as lncRNAs, miRNAs, methylation and acetylation influenced by vitamin D and its downstream targets in colorectal cancer to find more potential therapeutic targets. We discuss how vitamin D exerts anticancer properties through interactions between the vitamin D receptor and genes (e.g., SLC30A10), the microenvironment, microbiota and other factors in colorectal cancer. Developing therapeutic approaches targeting the vitamin D signaling system will be aided by a better knowledge of the epigenetic impact of vitamin D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Khayami
- Medical Genetics Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - David Goltzman
- Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, QC, H3G 1A4, Canada
| | - Shafaat A Rabbani
- Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, QC, H3G 1A4, Canada
| | - Mohammad Amin Kerachian
- Medical Genetics Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, On, H3A 1A4, Canada
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Na SY, Kim KB, Lim YJ, Song HJ. Vitamin D and Colorectal Cancer: Current Perspectives and Future Directions. J Cancer Prev 2022; 27:147-156. [PMID: 36258716 PMCID: PMC9537583 DOI: 10.15430/jcp.2022.27.3.147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D is considered to be the main mediator of the beneficial effects of sun exposure. In humans, highest expression of Vitamin D receptors is found in the intestinal tract. In addition, 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (or calcitriol), the most active Vitamin D metabolite, plays important homeostatic roles in the intestine, particularly calcium absorption. Vitamin D deficiency is defined as a serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] level of < 20 ng/mL. Previous studies show that higher circulating 25(OH)D levels are associated with reduced risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) and improved survival. Most research to date has been conducted in animals, specifically mice. Although human studies have a limited number of participants, one study recruiting a large cohort of patients with advanced or metastatic CRC revealed that higher plasma 25(OH)D levels are associated with improved overall and progression-free survival. However, the effects of Vitamin D supplementation on incidence and mortality of CRC remain inconclusive. Although Vitamin D may help to prevent cancer, there is a paucity of research demonstrating conclusively that Vitamin D alters prognosis after chemotherapy. Here, we review the mechanisms by which Vitamin D affects CRC, as well as the results of clinical, epidemiological, and human intervention studies. We also discuss current perspectives and future directions regarding Vitamin D and CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo-Young Na
- Department of Internal Medicine, Incheon St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Incheon, Korea
| | - Ki Bae Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Yun Jeong Lim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Goyang, Korea,Correspondence to Yun Jeong Lim, E-mail: , https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3279-332X
| | - Hyun Joo Song
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jeju National University College of Medicine, Jeju, Korea,Hyun Joo Song, E-mail: , https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2561-555X
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36
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Chen QY, Kim S, Lee B, Jeong G, Lee DH, Keum N, Manson JE, Giovannucci EL. Post-Diagnosis Vitamin D Supplement Use and Survival among Cancer Patients: A Meta-Analysis. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14163418. [PMID: 36014928 PMCID: PMC9413994 DOI: 10.3390/nu14163418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D administered pre-diagnostically has been shown to reduce mortality. Emerging evidence suggests a role of post-diagnosis vitamin D supplement intake for survival among cancer patients. Thus, we conducted a meta-analysis to evaluate the relationship. PubMed and Embase were searched for relevant observational cohort studies and randomized trials published through April 2022. Summary relative risk (SRR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were estimated using the DerSimonian–Laird random-effects model. The SRR for post-diagnosis vitamin D supplement use vs. non-use, pooling cohort studies and randomized trials, was 0.87 (95% CI, 0.78–0.98; p = 0.02; I2 = 0%) for overall survival, 0.81 (95% CI, 0.62–1.06; p = 0.12; I2 = 51%) for progression-free survival, 0.86 (95% CI, 0.72–1.03; p = 0.10; I2 = 0%) for cancer-specific survival, and 0.86 (95% CI, 0.64–1.14; p = 0.29; I2 = 0%) for relapse. Albeit not significantly heterogeneous by variables tested, a significant inverse association was limited to cohort studies and supplement use during cancer treatment for overall survival, and to studies with ≤3 years of follow-up for progression-free survival. Post-diagnosis vitamin D supplement use was associated with improved overall survival, but not progression-free or cancer-specific survival or relapse. Our findings require confirmation, as randomized trial evidence was insufficient to establish cause-and-effect relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao-Yi Chen
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Dongguk University, Goyang 10326, Korea
| | - Sohyun Kim
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Dongguk University, Goyang 10326, Korea
| | - Bohyoon Lee
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Dongguk University, Goyang 10326, Korea
| | - Gyeongin Jeong
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Dongguk University, Goyang 10326, Korea
| | - Dong Hoon Lee
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - NaNa Keum
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Dongguk University, Goyang 10326, Korea
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-3-4671-0211
| | - JoAnn E. Manson
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Edward L. Giovannucci
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Robles LA, Harrison S, Tan VY, Beynon R, McAleenan A, Higgins JP, Martin RM, Lewis SJ. Does testosterone mediate the relationship between vitamin D and prostate cancer progression? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Cancer Causes Control 2022; 33:1025-1038. [PMID: 35752985 PMCID: PMC9270305 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-022-01591-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Observational studies and randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have shown an association between vitamin D levels and prostate cancer progression. However, evidence of direct causality is sparse and studies have not examined biological mechanisms, which can provide information on plausibility and strengthen the evidence for causality. METHODS We used the World Cancer Research Fund International/University of Bristol two-stage framework for mechanistic systematic reviews. In stage one, both text mining of published literature and expert opinion identified testosterone as a plausible biological mechanism. In stage two, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the evidence from both human and animal studies examining the effect of vitamin D on testosterone, and testosterone on advanced prostate cancer (diagnostic Gleason score of ≥ 8, development of metastasis) or prostate cancer-specific mortality. RESULTS A meta-analysis of ten human RCTs showed evidence of an effect of vitamin D on total testosterone (standardised mean difference (SMD) = 0.133, 95% CI = - 0.003-0.269, I2 = 0.0%, p = 0.056). Five human RCTs showed evidence of an effect of vitamin D on free testosterone (SMD = 0.173, 95% CI = - 0.104-0.450, I2 = 52.4%, p = 0.220). Three human cohort studies of testosterone on advanced prostate cancer or prostate cancer-specific mortality provided inconsistent results. In one study, higher levels of calculated free testosterone were positively associated with advanced prostate cancer or prostate cancer-specific mortality. In contrast, higher levels of dihydrotestosterone were associated with lowering prostate cancer-specific mortality in another study. No animal studies met the study eligibility criteria. CONCLUSION There is some evidence that vitamin D increases levels of total and free testosterone, although the effect of testosterone levels within the normal range on prostate cancer progression is unclear. The role of testosterone as a mechanism between vitamin D and prostate cancer progression remains inconclusive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke A Robles
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, England.
- Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, England.
- NIHR Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust and University of Bristol, Bristol, England.
| | - Sean Harrison
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, England
- Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, England
| | - Vanessa Y Tan
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, England
- Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, England
| | - Rhona Beynon
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, England
- Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, England
| | - Alexandra McAleenan
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, England
- Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, England
| | - Julian Pt Higgins
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, England
- Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, England
- NIHR Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust and University of Bristol, Bristol, England
| | - Richard M Martin
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, England
- Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, England
- NIHR Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust and University of Bristol, Bristol, England
| | - Sarah J Lewis
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, England
- Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, England
- NIHR Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust and University of Bristol, Bristol, England
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Tripathi A, Ansari M, Dandekar P, Jain R. Analytical methods for 25-hydroxyvitamin D: Advantages and limitations of the existing assays. J Nutr Biochem 2022; 109:109123. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2022.109123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Peixoto RD, Oliveira LJDC, Passarini TDM, Andrade AC, Diniz PH, Prolla G, Amorim LC, Gil M, Lino F, Garicochea B, Jácome A, Ng K. Vitamin D and colorectal cancer - A practical review of the literature. Cancer Treat Res Commun 2022; 32:100616. [PMID: 35940119 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctarc.2022.100616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third leading cause of cancer-related mortality in the United States and the second cause worldwide. Its incidence rates have been decreasing in the overall population in the US in the past few decades, but with increasing rates in the population younger than 50 years old. Environmental factors are supposed to be involved in the development of the disease, with strong evidence favoring an influence of the diet and lifestyle. A diet high in red meat and calories, and low in fiber, fruits and vegetables increases the risk of CRC, as well as physical inactivity. The influence of low calcium intake and low levels of vitamin D on the risk of the disease and on the clinical outcomes of CRC patients has also been investigated. Hypovitaminosis D has been highly prevalent worldwide and associated with several chronic diseases, including malignancies. Vitamin D is a steroid hormone with the main function of regulating bone metabolism, but with many other physiological functions, such as anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and antiangiogenic effects, potentially acting as a carcinogenesis inhibitor. In this review, we aim to describe the relation of vitamin D with malignant diseases, mainly CRC, as well as to highlight the results of the studies which addressed the potential role of vitamin D in the development and progression of the disease. In addition, we will present the results of the pivotal randomized clinical trials that evaluated the impact of vitamin D supplementation on the clinical outcomes of patients with CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata D'Alpino Peixoto
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, Centro Paulista de Oncologia, Oncoclinicas, Av. Brigadeiro Faria Lima 4300, São Paulo, SP 04538-132, Brazil.
| | - Leandro Jonata de Carvalho Oliveira
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, Centro Paulista de Oncologia, Oncoclinicas, Av. Brigadeiro Faria Lima 4300, São Paulo, SP 04538-132, Brazil
| | | | - Aline Chaves Andrade
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, Oncoclinicas, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Paulo Henrique Diniz
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, Oncoclinicas, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Prolla
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, Oncoclinicas, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Larissa Costa Amorim
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, Centro Paulista de Oncologia, Oncoclinicas, Av. Brigadeiro Faria Lima 4300, São Paulo, SP 04538-132, Brazil
| | - Mariana Gil
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, Oncoclinicas, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Flora Lino
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, Oncoclinicas, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Bernardo Garicochea
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, Centro Paulista de Oncologia, Oncoclinicas, Av. Brigadeiro Faria Lima 4300, São Paulo, SP 04538-132, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Jácome
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, Oncoclinicas, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Kimmie Ng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Hutchinson PE, Pringle JH. Consideration of possible effects of vitamin D on established cancer, with reference to malignant melanoma. Pigment Cell Melanoma Res 2022; 35:408-424. [PMID: 35445563 PMCID: PMC9322395 DOI: 10.1111/pcmr.13040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies indicate that Vitamin D has a beneficial, inhibitory effect on cancer development and subsequent progression, including melanoma (MM), and favourable MM outcome has been reported as directly related to vitamin D3 status, assessed by serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25[OH]D3 ) levels taken at diagnosis. It has been recommended that MM patients with deficient levels of 25(OH)D3 be given vitamin D3 . We examine possible beneficial or detrimental effects of treating established cancer with vitamin D3 . We consider the likely biological determinants of cancer outcome, the reported effects of vitamin D3 on these in both cancerous and non-cancerous settings, and how the effect of vitamin D3 might change depending on the integrity of tumour vitamin D receptor (VDR) signalling. We would argue that the effect of defective tumour VDR signalling could result in loss of suppression of growth, reduction of anti-tumour immunity, with potential antagonism of the elimination phase and enhancement of the escape phase of tumour immunoediting, possibly increased angiogenesis but continued suppression of inflammation. In animal models, having defective VDR signalling, vitamin D3 administration decreased survival and increased metastases. Comparable studies in man are lacking but in advanced disease, a likely marker of defective VDR signalling, studies have shown modest or no improvement in outcome with some evidence of worsening. Work is needed in assessing the integrity of tumour VDR signalling and the safety of vitamin D3 supplementation when defective.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - James H. Pringle
- Leicester Cancer Research CentreUniversity of LeicesterLeicesterUK
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The Multiple Effects of Vitamin D against Chronic Diseases: From Reduction of Lipid Peroxidation to Updated Evidence from Clinical Studies. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11061090. [PMID: 35739987 PMCID: PMC9220017 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11061090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Vitamin D exerts multiple beneficial effects in humans, including neuronal, immune, and bone homeostasis and the regulation of cardiovascular functions. Recent studies correlate vitamin D with cancer cell growth and survival, but meta-analyses on this topic are often not consistent. Methods: A systematic search of the PubMed database and the Clinical Trial Register was performed to identify all potentially relevant English-language scientific papers containing original research articles on the effects of vitamin D on human health. Results: In this review, we analyzed the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of vitamin D against acute and chronic diseases, focusing particularly on cancer, immune-related diseases, cardiomyophaties (including heart failure, cardiac arrhythmias, and atherosclerosis) and infectious diseases. Conclusions: Vitamin D significantly reduces the pro-oxidant systemic and tissue biomarkers involved in the development, progression, and recurrence of chronic cardiometabolic disease and cancer. The overall picture of this review provides the basis for new randomized controlled trials of oral vitamin D supplementation in patients with cancer and infectious, neurodegenerative, and cardiovascular diseases aimed at reducing risk factors for disease recurrence and improving quality of life.
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Morelli C, Rofei M, Riondino S, Fraboni D, Torino F, Orlandi A, Tesauro M, Del Vecchio Blanco G, Federici M, Arkenau HT, Formica V, Roselli M. Immune Response in Vitamin D Deficient Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Patients: A Player That Should Be Considered for Targeted Vitamin D Supplementation. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:2594. [PMID: 35681576 PMCID: PMC9179512 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14112594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Vitamin D deficiency is a poor prognostic factor in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC); however, targeted supplementation trials have so far yielded limited results. We investigated clinical-laboratory parameters influencing vitamin D deficiency, with a particular focus on immune response, and the effect on survival. These parameters could help optimize targeted supplementation therapy. Methods: Association of plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH])D) with overall survival (OS) was assessed with the Hazard Ratio Smoothed Curve with Restricted Cubic Splines (HRSC-RCS) and maximally selected rank statistics (MSRS) in mCRC patients who underwent first-line chemotherapy. Several hematobiochemical variables were evaluated as predictors of vitamin D deficiency by means of Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) analysis. In a patient subset, peripheral lymphocyte subpopulations were also analyzed. Results: One hundred thirty-three mCRC patients were included. The median(m) baseline 25(OH)D was 10.8 ng/mL (range 3−53.4). HRSC-RCS revealed a linear association between 25(OH)D and OS. MSRS found 10 ng/mL as the optimal 25(OH)D cut-off. The median OS for 25(OH)D < 10 (n = 60) vs. > 10 ng/mL (n = 73) was 12.3 and 24.5 months, respectively (p = 0.002). The LASSO analysis identified high neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR > 3.5) as the strongest predictor of vitamin D deficiency (Odds Ratio 3.35, p 0.0009). Moreover, patients with low 25(OH)D levels (< 10 ng/mL) and high NLR (>3.5) had the shortest survival and patients with 25(OH)D >10 ng/mL and NLR <3.5 had the longest: mOS 8.1 and 28.1 months, respectively, HR 3.40 (1.76−6.59), p 0.0004. Besides the significant difference in NLR between 25(OH)D < and > 10 ng/mL patients (mNLR 3.6 vs. 2.9, p 0.03), the lymphocyte subpopulation analysis revealed that vitamin D deficiency was associated with high T- CD4+ (p = 0.04) and low B (p = 0.03) lymphocyte frequency. Conclusions: NLR is a powerful predictor of Vitamin D deficiency and can further help in stratifying prognosis. Vitamin D deficiency was associated with significant variations in peripheral immune cells. We hypothesize that integrated targeted interventions to both vitamin D and immune system would improve the prognosis of mCRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Morelli
- Medical Oncology Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University Hospital, 00133 Rome, Italy; (C.M.); (M.R.); (S.R.); (F.T.); (M.R.)
| | - Michela Rofei
- Medical Oncology Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University Hospital, 00133 Rome, Italy; (C.M.); (M.R.); (S.R.); (F.T.); (M.R.)
| | - Silvia Riondino
- Medical Oncology Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University Hospital, 00133 Rome, Italy; (C.M.); (M.R.); (S.R.); (F.T.); (M.R.)
| | - Daniela Fraboni
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy;
| | - Francesco Torino
- Medical Oncology Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University Hospital, 00133 Rome, Italy; (C.M.); (M.R.); (S.R.); (F.T.); (M.R.)
| | - Augusto Orlandi
- Anatomic Pathology, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy;
| | - Manfredi Tesauro
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy;
| | | | - Massimo Federici
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy;
| | - Hendrik-Tobias Arkenau
- Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Cancer Institute, University College London, London W1G 6AD, UK;
| | - Vincenzo Formica
- Medical Oncology Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University Hospital, 00133 Rome, Italy; (C.M.); (M.R.); (S.R.); (F.T.); (M.R.)
| | - Mario Roselli
- Medical Oncology Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University Hospital, 00133 Rome, Italy; (C.M.); (M.R.); (S.R.); (F.T.); (M.R.)
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Matusiewicz M, Marczak K, Kwiecińska B, Kupis J, Zglińska K, Niemiec T, Kosieradzka I. Effect of extracts from eggs of Helix aspersa maxima and Helix aspersa aspersa snails on Caco-2 colon cancer cells. PeerJ 2022; 10:e13217. [PMID: 35433131 PMCID: PMC9012176 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.13217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Colorectal cancer is the third most commonly diagnosed cancer. Natural compounds, administered together with conventional chemotherapeutic agent(s) and/or radiotherapy, may be a novel element in the combination therapy of this cancer. Considering the anticancer properties of compounds derived from different tissues of various snail species confirmed earlier, the purpose of the present research was to evaluate the effect of extracts from eggs of Helix aspera maxima and Helix aspersa aspersa snails, and fractions of extracts containing particles of different molecular weights on Caco-2 human epithelial colorectal adenocarcinoma cells. Methods The extracts and fractions were analyzed for antioxidant activity, phenols and total carbohydrates using colorimetric methods. Lipid peroxidation products and glutathione in eggs were also examined using these methods. Crude protein and fat in eggs were determined. Molecular weights of egg proteins and glycoproteins were analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Astaxanthin, selected vitamins and amino acids in eggs were measured using liquid chromatography methods, and minerals by emission spectroscopy, mass spectrometry or X-ray fluorescence. The action of extracts on the cell viability was determined by the MTT (methylthiazolyldiphenyl-tetrazolium bromide) test, based on the mitochondrial oxidative activity, after 24 and 72 h of treatment. The influence of fractions on the cell viability was assayed after 24 h. The effect of extracts on the percentage of live and dead cells was evaluated by the trypan blue assay, in which live cells exclude trypan blue, while dead cells take up this dye, after 12, 24, 48 and 72 h of treatment. Their influence on the integrity of cell membranes was determined based on the activity of LDH (lactate dehydrogenase), released from damaged cells, after 24 and 72 h of treatment. Then, the effect of extracts on the content of lipid peroxidation products in cells was examined using colorimetric method, after 24 h of treatment. Their influence on types of cell death was determined by flow cytometry, after this time. Results The extracts and their fractions containing molecules <3 kDa decreased the cell viability, after 24 h of treatment. The extracts reduced the percentage of live cells (also after 48 h), increased the degree of cell membrane damage and the amount of lipid peroxidation products, induced apoptosis and reduced necrosis. Conclusions Antioxidants, phenols, lipid peroxidation products, anticancer peptides, restriction of methionine, appropriate ratio of essential amino acids to non-essential amino acids, vitamin D3, Ca, Mg, S, Cu, Mn, Zn, Se and other bioactive compounds comprised in the extracts and their additive and synergistic effects may have influenced Caco-2 cells. Natural extracts or the chemical compounds contained in them might be used in the combination therapy of colorectal cancer, which requires further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Matusiewicz
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Karolina Marczak
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Barbara Kwiecińska
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Julia Kupis
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Klara Zglińska
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Tomasz Niemiec
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Iwona Kosieradzka
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
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Rinninella E, Mele MC, Raoul P, Cintoni M, Gasbarrini A. Vitamin D and colorectal cancer: Chemopreventive perspectives through the gut microbiota and the immune system. Biofactors 2022; 48:285-293. [PMID: 34559412 PMCID: PMC9293134 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin D and its receptor are involved in health and diseases through multiple mechanisms including the immune system and gut microbiota modulations. Gut microbiota variations have huge implications in intestinal and extra-intestinal disorders such as colorectal cancer (CRC). This review highlights the preventive role of vitamin D in colorectal tumorigenesis through the effects on the immune system and gut microbiota modulation. The different associations between vitamin D, gut microbial homeostasis, immune system, and CRC, are dissected. Vitamin D is supposed to exert several chemopreventive effects on CRC including direct antineoplastic mechanisms, the effects on the immune system, and gut microbiota modulation. Large clinical studies with a randomized design, are required to confirm the role of vitamin D in CRC, confirming its key role in the complex interplay between the gut immune system and microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuele Rinninella
- UOC di Nutrizione Clinica, Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e ChirurgicheFondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCSRomeItaly
| | - Maria Cristina Mele
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia TraslazionaleUniversità Cattolica Del Sacro CuoreRomeItaly
- UOSD di Nutrizione Avanzata in Oncologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e ChirurgicheFondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCSRomeItaly
| | - Pauline Raoul
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia TraslazionaleUniversità Cattolica Del Sacro CuoreRomeItaly
- UOSD di Nutrizione Avanzata in Oncologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e ChirurgicheFondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCSRomeItaly
| | - Marco Cintoni
- Scuola di Specializzazione in Scienza dell'AlimentazioneUniversità di Roma Tor VergataRomeItaly
| | - Antonio Gasbarrini
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia TraslazionaleUniversità Cattolica Del Sacro CuoreRomeItaly
- UOC di Medicina Interna e Gastroenterologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e ChirurgicheFondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCSRomeItaly
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Helde Frankling M, Klasson C, Björkhem-Bergman L. 25-Hydroxyvitamin D in Cancer Patients Admitted to Palliative Care: A Post-Hoc Analysis of the Swedish Trial 'Palliative-D'. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14030602. [PMID: 35276963 PMCID: PMC8840761 DOI: 10.3390/nu14030602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to explore 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OHD) levels in patients with cancer in the palliative phase in relation to season, sex, age, tumor type, colectomy, and survival. To this end, we performed a post-hoc analysis of ‘Palliative-D’, a randomized placebo-controlled, double-blind trial investigating the effect of daily supplementation with 4000 IU of vitamin D for 12 weeks on pain in patients in palliative cancer care. In the screening cohort (n = 530), 10% of patients had 25-OHD levels < 25 nmol/L, 50% < 50, and 84% < 75 nmol/L. Baseline 25-OHD did not differ between seasons or tumor type and was not correlated with survival time. In vitamin D deficient patients supplemented with vitamin D (n = 67), 86% reached sufficient levels, i.e., >50 nmol/L, after 12 weeks. An increase in 25-OHD was larger in supplemented women than in men (53 vs. 37 nmol/L, p = 0.02) and was not affected by season. In the placebo-group (n = 83), decreased levels of 25-OHD levels were noted during the study period for patients recruited during the last quarter of the year. In conclusion, cancer patients in palliative phase have adequate increase in 25-OHD after vitamin D supplementation regardless of season, age, tumor type, or colectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Helde Frankling
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society (NVS), Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Blickagången 16, Neo Floor 7, SE-141 83 Huddinge, Sweden; (C.K.); (L.B.-B.)
- Thoracic Oncology Center, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
- Correspondence:
| | - Caritha Klasson
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society (NVS), Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Blickagången 16, Neo Floor 7, SE-141 83 Huddinge, Sweden; (C.K.); (L.B.-B.)
- Stockholms Sjukhem, Palliative Medicine, Mariebergsgatan 22, SE-112 19 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Linda Björkhem-Bergman
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society (NVS), Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Blickagången 16, Neo Floor 7, SE-141 83 Huddinge, Sweden; (C.K.); (L.B.-B.)
- Stockholms Sjukhem, Palliative Medicine, Mariebergsgatan 22, SE-112 19 Stockholm, Sweden
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Longitudinal Analysis of 1α,25-dihidroxyvitamin D 3 and Homocysteine Changes in Colorectal Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14030658. [PMID: 35158926 PMCID: PMC8833406 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14030658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Vitamin D3 and homocysteine level abnormalities are both strongly related to colorectal cancer (CRC) etiology. The aim of this retrospective study was to investigate the longitudinal change in these two parameters and the relationships between the two, in addition with other clinicopathological and laboratory parameters. A swoosh-shaped trend was observed for the change in serum homocysteine levels of all of the CRC patients. The circulating vitamin D3 level was constant or increased in those patients without metastasis. After an initial increase, the disease-worsening effect of metastases cancelled out all of the positive effects of vitamin D3 in metastatic patients, even despite its continuous supplementation. Right-sided tumors, male sex, and the pathological values of serum lipids, albumin, total protein, and inflammatory markers were associated with lower vitamin D3 and higher homocysteine level. Based on our results, we recommend a modified vitamin D3 supplementation regimen for metastatic CRC, which includes laboratory measurement-based titration. Abstract Background: 1α,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol (1,25(OH)2D3) and homocysteine are known to play a role in the pathophysiology of colorectal cancer (CRC). In health, the two changes are inversely proportional to each other, but little is known about their combined effect in CRC. Methods: The serum 1,25(OH)2D3 and the homocysteine levels of eighty-six CRC patients were measured, who were enrolled into four cohorts based on the presence of metastases (Adj vs. Met) and vitamin D3 supplementation (ND vs. D). Results: 1,25(OH)2D3 was constant (Adj-ND), increased significantly (Adj-D, p = 0.0261), decreased (Met-ND), or returned close to the baseline after an initial increase (Met-D). The longitudinal increase in 1,25(OH)2D3 (HR: 0.9130, p = 0.0111) positively affected the overall survival in non-metastatic CRC, however, this effect was cancelled out in those with metastasis (p = 0.0107). The increase in homocysteine negatively affected both the overall (HR: 1.0940, p = 0.0067) and the progression-free survival (HR: 1.0845, p = 0.0073). Lower 1,25(OH)2D3 and/or higher homocysteine level was characteristic for patients with higher serum lipids, albumin, total protein, white blood cell and platelet count, male sex, and right-sided tumors. No statistically justifiable connection was found between the target variables. Conclusions: A measurement-based titration of vitamin D3 supplementation and better management of comorbidities are recommended for CRC.
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Zhu C, Wang Z, Cai J, Pan C, Lin S, Zhang Y, Chen Y, Leng M, He C, Zhou P, Wu C, Fang Y, Li Q, Li A, Liu S, Lai Q. VDR Signaling via the Enzyme NAT2 Inhibits Colorectal Cancer Progression. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:727704. [PMID: 34867333 PMCID: PMC8635240 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.727704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent epidemiological and preclinical evidence indicates that vitamin D3 inhibits colorectal cancer (CRC) progression, but the mechanism has not been completely elucidated. This study was designed to determine the protective effects of vitamin D3 and identify crucial targets and regulatory mechanisms in CRC. First, we confirmed that 1,25(OH)2D3, the active form of vitamin D3, suppressed the aggressive phenotype of CRC in vitro and in vivo. Based on a network pharmacological analysis, N-acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2) was identified as a potential target of vitamin D3 against CRC. Clinical data of CRC patients from our hospital and bioinformatics analysis by online databases indicated that NAT2 was downregulated in CRC specimens and that the lower expression of NAT2 was correlated with a higher metastasis risk and lower survival rate of CRC patients. Furthermore, we found that NAT2 suppressed the proliferation and migration capacity of CRC cells, and the JAK1/STAT3 signaling pathway might be the underlying mechanism. Moreover, Western blot and immunofluorescence staining assays demonstrated that 1,25(OH)2D3 promoted NAT2 expression, and the chromatin immunoprecipitation assay indicated that the vitamin D receptor (VDR) transcriptionally regulated NAT2. These findings expand the potential uses of vitamin D3 against CRC and introduce VDR signaling via the enzyme NAT2 as a potential diagnostic and therapeutic target for CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaojun Zhu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zihuan Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianqun Cai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chunqiu Pan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Simin Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuting Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mengxin Leng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chengcheng He
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peirong Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Changjie Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuxin Fang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qingyuan Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Aimin Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Side Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiuhua Lai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Winandar T, Raharjo A, Wujoso H, Sidharta BRA, Bagus BI. Relationship between 25(OH)D and Colorectal Cancer Prevalence at Dr. Moewardi Hospital Surakarta-Indonesia: A Cross-Sectional Study. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2021.7396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Colorectal cancer is a malignancy of the colon and / or rectum. Vitamin D has a role as an inhibitor of tumor progression, namely through the process of influencing cellular differentiation and proliferation. (VDR) Vitamin D Receptor affects cell differentiation by upregulating brush boundary enzymes and improving morphological microvilli. This study seeks to determine the relationship between 25(OH)D levels and colorectal cancer in dr. Moewardi Hospital, Surakarta, Indonesia.
Methods: A cross-sectional design study with quantitative-analytical observation was conducted. All patients had symptoms of colorectal cancer, either undiagnosed or previously diagnosed. 25(OH)D samples were taken from a total of 50 patients at dr. Moewardi Surakarta and subsequent diagnostic measures from the results of histopathology were assessed. The parameters assessed were 25(OH)D level and a diagnosis of colorectal malignancy. Statistical analysis of 25(OH)D levels and colorectal diagnosis using the Chi Square test.
Results: The prevalence of colorectal cancer is higher in respondents with 25(OH)D deficiency and insufficiency compared to respondents with normal 25(OH)D concentrations who tend to have non-colorectal cancer. Based on the Chi-Square test result, the significance value was 0.004, marking a statistically significant association.
Conclusion: This study shows a significant relationship between deficiency and insufficiency of 25(OH)D concentrations with the occurrence of colorectal malignancy
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Balci B, Kilinc G, Calik B, Aydin C. The association between preoperative 25-OH vitamin D levels and postoperative complications in patients undergoing colorectal cancer surgery. BMC Surg 2021; 21:369. [PMID: 34666739 PMCID: PMC8527669 DOI: 10.1186/s12893-021-01369-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Determining the modifiable risk factors for postoperative complications is particularly significant in patients undergoing colorectal surgery since those are associated with worse long-term outcomes. METHODS Consecutive newly diagnosed 104 colorectal cancer patients were prospectively included in this single-center observational study. Preoperative serum 25-OH vitamin D levels were measured and analyzed for infectious and postoperative complications. RESULTS Serum 25-OH vitamin D levels were found to be < 20 ng/ml in 74 patients (71.2%) and ≥ 20 ng/ml in 30 patients (28.8%); and the mean serum 25-OH vitamin D level was 15.95 (± 9.08) ng/ml. In patients with surgical site infection and infectious complications, 25-OH vitamin D levels were significantly lower than patients without complications (p = 0.036 and p = 0.026). However, no significant difference was demonstrated in 25-OH vitamin D levels according to overall postoperative complications. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that vitamin D levels might be a potential risk factor for infectious complications in patients undergoing colorectal cancer surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Balci
- Department of General Surgery, Ankara Oncology Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - G Kilinc
- Department of General Surgery, Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
| | - B Calik
- Department of General Surgery, Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
| | - C Aydin
- Department of General Surgery, Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
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Kim H, Lipsyc-Sharf M, Zong X, Wang X, Hur J, Song M, Wang M, Smith-Warner SA, Fuchs C, Ogino S, Wu K, Chan AT, Cao Y, Ng K, Giovannucci EL. Total Vitamin D Intake and Risks of Early-Onset Colorectal Cancer and Precursors. Gastroenterology 2021; 161:1208-1217.e9. [PMID: 34245763 PMCID: PMC8463427 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2021.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Vitamin D has been implicated in colorectal cancer (CRC) pathogenesis, but it remains unknown whether total vitamin D intake is associated with early-onset CRC and precursors diagnosed before age 50. METHODS We prospectively examined the association between total vitamin D intake and risks of early-onset CRC and precursors among women enrolled in the Nurses' Health Study II. Multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for early-onset CRC were estimated with Cox proportional hazards model. Multivariable-adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CIs for early-onset conventional adenoma and serrated polyp were estimated with logistic regression model. RESULTS We documented 111 incident cases of early-onset CRC during 1,250,560 person-years of follow-up (1991 to 2015). Higher total vitamin D intake was significantly associated with a reduced risk of early-onset CRC (HR for ≥450 IU/day vs <300 IU/day, 0.49; 95% CI, 0.26-0.93; P for trend = .01). The HR per 400 IU/day increase was 0.46 (95% CI, 0.26-0.83). The inverse association was significant and appeared more evident for dietary sources of vitamin D (HR per 400 IU/day increase, 0.34; 95% CI, 0.15-0.79) than supplemental vitamin D (HR per 400 IU/day increase, 0.77; 95% CI, 0.37-1.62). For CRC precursors, the ORs per 400 IU/day increase were 0.76 (95% CI, 0.65-0.88) for conventional adenoma (n = 1,439) and 0.85 (95% CI, 0.75-0.97) for serrated polyp (n = 1,878). CONCLUSIONS In a cohort of younger women, higher total vitamin D intake was associated with decreased risks of early-onset CRC and precursors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanseul Kim
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Marla Lipsyc-Sharf
- Department of Internal Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Xiaoyu Zong
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Jinhee Hur
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Mingyang Song
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Molin Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Stephanie A Smith-Warner
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Charles Fuchs
- Yale Cancer Center, Smilow Cancer Hospital, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Shuji Ogino
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Cancer Immunology Program and Cancer Epidemiology Program, Dana-Farber Harvard Cancer Center, Boston, Massachusetts; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Kana Wu
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Andrew T Chan
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts; Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Yin Cao
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri; Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri; Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Kimmie Ng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Edward L Giovannucci
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
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