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Rahmani NR, Duits A, Croes M, Lock O, Gawlitta D, Weinans H, Kruyt MC. Incorporating Microbial Stimuli for Osteogenesis in a Rabbit Posterolateral Spinal Fusion Model. Tissue Eng Part A 2024. [PMID: 39345105 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2024.0064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Autologous bone grafts are commonly used to repair defects in skeletal tissue, however, due to their limited supply there is a clinical need for alternatives. Synthetic ceramics present a promising option but currently lack biological activity to stimulate bone regeneration. One potential approach to address this limitation is the incorporation of immunomodulatory agents. In this study, we investigate the application of microbial stimuli to stimulate bone formation. Three different microbial stimuli were incorporated in a biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) ceramic: Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG), gamma-irradiated Staphylococcus aureus (γi-S. aureus), or Candida albicans (γi-C. Albicans). The constructs were then implanted in both a rabbit posterolateral spinal fusion (PLF) and an intramuscular implant model for 10 weeks and compared to a non-stimulated control construct. For the PLF model, the formation of a bony bridge was evaluated by manual palpation, micro-CT, and histology. While complete fusion was not observed, the BCG condition was most promising with higher manual stiffness and almost twice as much bone volume in the central fusion mass compared to the control (9±4.4% bone area vs 4.6±2.3%, respectively). Conversely, the γi-S. aureus or γi-C. albicans appeared to inhibit bone formation (1.4±1.4% and 1.2±0.6% bone area). Bone induction was not observed in any of the intramuscular implants. This study indicates that incorporating immunomodulatory agents in ceramic bone substitutes can affect bone formation, which can be positive when selected carefully. The readily available and clinically approved BCG showed promising results, which warrants further research for clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nada Ristya Rahmani
- University Medical Centre Utrecht Department of Orthopedics, Orthopedics, Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands;
| | - Anneli Duits
- University medical center Utrecht, Orthopedics, Utrecht, Netherlands;
| | - Michiel Croes
- University Medical Centre Utrecht, Orthopedics , Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands;
| | - Olivia Lock
- University medical center Utrecht, Orthopedics, Utrecht, Netherlands;
| | - Debby Gawlitta
- University Medical Center Utrecht, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Prosthodontics & Special Dental Care, Heidelberglaan 100, G05.129, PO Box 85500, Utrecht, Netherlands, 3508 GA;
| | - Harrie Weinans
- University Medical Centre Utrecht Department of Orthopedics, Orthopaedics, Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
- Delft University of Technology, Biomechanical Engineering, Delft, Zuid-Holland, Netherlands;
| | - Moyo C Kruyt
- University medical center Utrecht, Orthopedics, Utrecht, Netherlands
- University of Twente, Developmental Biomedical Engineering, Enschede, Overijssel, Netherlands;
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Blanco J, García Alonso A, Hermida-Nogueira L, Castro AB. How to explain the beneficial effects of leukocyte- and platelet-rich fibrin. Periodontol 2000 2024. [PMID: 38923566 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
The survival of an organism relies on its ability to repair the damage caused by trauma, toxic agents, and inflammation. This process involving cell proliferation and differentiation is driven by several growth factors and is critically dependent on the organization of the extracellular matrix. Since autologous platelet concentrates (APCs) are fibrin matrices in which cells, growth factors, and cytokines are trapped and delivered over time, they are able to influence that response at different levels. The present review thoroughly describes the molecular components present in one of these APCs, leukocyte- and platelet-rich fibrin (L-PRF), and summarizes the level of evidence regarding the influence of L-PRF on anti-inflammatory reactions, analgesia, hemostasis, antimicrobial capacity, and its biological mechanisms on bone/soft tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Blanco
- Department of Surgery (Stomatology, Unit of Periodontology), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Angel García Alonso
- Platelet Proteomics Group, Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), Santiago de Compostela University, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Lidia Hermida-Nogueira
- Platelet Proteomics Group, Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), Santiago de Compostela University, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Ana B Castro
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, Section of Periodontology, KU Leuven & Dentistry, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Carreira LM, Silva R, Alves J, Inácio F, Pires G, Azevedo P. The Use of Fast-Acting Insulin Topical Solution on Skin to Promote Surgical Wound Healing in Cats. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:1358. [PMID: 38731363 PMCID: PMC11082965 DOI: 10.3390/ani14091358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Wound healing is a complex biological process involving a coordinated sequence of events aimed at restoring tissue integrity and function. Recent advancements in wound care have introduced novel therapies, with topical insulin application emerging as a promising strategy for promoting tissue healing. This study, involving 60 female cats (n = 60) undergoing elective spaying, aimed to evaluate the effects of topical fast-acting insulin on the healing process of surgical wounds. Each surgical suture was divided into two regions: the control zone (Zcr) without insulin application and the study zone (Zst), where insulin was applied topically for 10 min every 24 h over eight consecutive days. Assessment of suture healing was conducted using an adapted scale at two time points post-surgery: T1 (day 2) and T2 (day 8). Statistically significant differences were registered in the final healing scale scores between Zcr and Zst (p < 0.022), as well as for the parameter of regional fluid (p-value = 0.017). Additionally, at T2, all Zst regions exhibited wound closure, whereas Zcr did not, although not in a statistically significant manner. The observed discrepancy at T2 between the Zcr and Zst regions may suggest a potential benefit of utilizing insulin. No side effects resulting from the insulin topical application performed by the tutors were recorded in the Zst suture group. This study represents the first exploration of the benefits of topical insulin application for surgical wound healing in cats.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. Miguel Carreira
- Anjos of Assis Veterinary Medicine Centre—CMVAA, Rua D.ª Francisca da Azambuja Nº9-9A, 2830-077 Barreiro, Portugal; (R.S.); (P.A.)
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon (FMV/ULisboa), Av. da Universidade Técnica, 1300-477 Lisbon, Portugal; (F.I.); (G.P.)
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Research in Animal Health (CIISA), University of Lisbon (FMV/ULisboa), Av. da Universidade Técnica, 1300-477 Lisbon, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences (AL4AnimalS), 1300-477 Lisbon, Portugal
- Faculty of American Laser Study Club—ALSC, Altamonte Springs, FL 32714, USA
| | - Rúben Silva
- Anjos of Assis Veterinary Medicine Centre—CMVAA, Rua D.ª Francisca da Azambuja Nº9-9A, 2830-077 Barreiro, Portugal; (R.S.); (P.A.)
| | - João Alves
- Divisão de Medicina Veterinária, Guarda Nacional Republicana (GNR), Rua Presidente Arriaga, 9, 1200-771 Lisbon, Portugal;
| | - Filipa Inácio
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon (FMV/ULisboa), Av. da Universidade Técnica, 1300-477 Lisbon, Portugal; (F.I.); (G.P.)
| | - Graça Pires
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon (FMV/ULisboa), Av. da Universidade Técnica, 1300-477 Lisbon, Portugal; (F.I.); (G.P.)
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Research in Animal Health (CIISA), University of Lisbon (FMV/ULisboa), Av. da Universidade Técnica, 1300-477 Lisbon, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences (AL4AnimalS), 1300-477 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Pedro Azevedo
- Anjos of Assis Veterinary Medicine Centre—CMVAA, Rua D.ª Francisca da Azambuja Nº9-9A, 2830-077 Barreiro, Portugal; (R.S.); (P.A.)
- Faculty of American Laser Study Club—ALSC, Altamonte Springs, FL 32714, USA
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Ait Atmane S, Batır MB, Özbek ZA, Ergönül PG, Balcan E, Ait Eldjoudi D, Özkale E, Bribi N, Khettal B. Cold pressed Pinus halepensis Mill. seed oil for potential health applications: Analgesic, anti-inflammatory effects, and assessment of inflammatory mediators by RT-qPCR in skin wound healing. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 319:117157. [PMID: 37696441 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Pinus halepensis Mill. seed (Pinaceae), commonly known as "Zgougou," is widely consumed in the Mediterranean region and has long been used to treat diseases including bronchitis, rheumatism, infection, and inflammation. AIM OF THE STUDY The present study was focused on the investigation of some pharmacological activities, such as analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and wound healing effects, of cold-pressed oil of Pinus halepensis Mill. seed (COPHS). MATERIALS AND METHODS The fixed oil of Pinus halepensis seed was extracted by a cold pressing process. The analgesic activity of COPHS was examined by acetic acid and formalin-induced contortion and pain tests. The anti-inflammatory effects were evaluated in carrageenan and formalin induced paw and ear edema models. Wound healing potential was assessed on an experimental skin wound, and the expression levels of inflammation mediators were determined by RT-qPCR in skin wound healing. RESULTS The results showed analgesic efficacy through significant inhibition of abdominal cramps (59.15%) and pain (75.91%). In addition, this oil exerted an anti-inflammatory effect by inhibiting ear (62.25%) and paw (70.00%) edema. The COPHS stimulated wound contraction in experimental skin wound healing with a contraction rate of 89.23% with notable reduction of TNF-α and NF-kB expression levels in the treated groups. CONCLUSIONS This study provided for the first time the pharmacological profile, particularly the analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and healing effects, of fixed oil extracted by cold pressing from the seed of Pinus halepensis Mill.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sihem Ait Atmane
- Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology and Ethnobotany, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, University of Bejaia, 06000, Algeria.
| | - Muhammet Burak Batır
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences and Arts, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Manisa, 45140, Turkey
| | - Zeynep Aksoylu Özbek
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Manisa, 45140, Turkey; Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - Pelin Günç Ergönül
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Manisa, 45140, Turkey
| | - Erdal Balcan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences and Arts, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Manisa, 45140, Turkey
| | - Djedjiga Ait Eldjoudi
- Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology and Ethnobotany, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, University of Bejaia, 06000, Algeria
| | - Evrim Özkale
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences and Arts, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Manisa, 45140, Turkey
| | - Noureddine Bribi
- Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology and Ethnobotany, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, University of Bejaia, 06000, Algeria
| | - Bachra Khettal
- Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology and Ethnobotany, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, University of Bejaia, 06000, Algeria
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Zhang L, Hu C, Xu W, Wu D, Lei S. Advances in wound repair and regeneration: Systematic comparison of cell free fat extract and platelet rich plasma. Front Chem 2022; 10:1089277. [PMID: 36618858 PMCID: PMC9811168 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.1089277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Previous studies showed Cell free fat extract (CEFFE) and Platelet rich plasma (PRP) could effectively accelerate wound healing. However, the comparative study on curative effect is still lacking. A systematic comparison could provide more theoretical support and laboratory basis for the clinical application of CEFFE and PRP. Objective: To compare the efficacy of CEFFE and PRP in promoting skin wound repair. Methods: CEFFE and PRP were prepared according to the literature. The wound repair related factors were measured and compared. In vitro, the effects of both on cell migration, proliferation and tube formation were compared. In vivo, wound healing rate was measured on the 1st, 3rd, 9th, and 12th days after skin injury and treatment. Then the specimens were cut off for histological analysis. Results: Although the total protein content of PRP was significantly around 19 times higher than that of CEFFE, there was no statistical difference in the content of BDNF, EGF and VEGF between CEFFE and PRP. Even the NT-3 content of CEFFE was just slightly higher than that of PRP. The concentration of b-FGF, HGF and TGF-β and PDGF-BB in PRP is higher than that in CEFFE, but there is only a very small difference between them. In vitro, PRP showed better efficacy than CEFFE in promoting fibroblast proliferation while there was no significant difference in promoting angiogenesis and fibroblast migration. Both PRP and CEFFE could significantly promote wound healing in mice. There was no statistical difference in wound healing between CEFFE and PRP groups in vivo. Immunohistochemical staining of Ki67&CD31 showed that there was no significant difference between PRP and CEFFE groups. Conclusion: The effect of PRP and CEFFE in promoting wound healing was similar. In clinical practice, the acquisition of PRP is relatively more convenient. Containing no cells, CEFFE has the advantage of easier preservation. For patients who have discarded adipose tissue, or contraindications to PRP technology, CEFFE technology may provide a new option for skin wound repair.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Dingyu Wu
- *Correspondence: Dingyu Wu, ; Shaorong Lei,
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Kanwore K, Kanwore K, Adzika GK, Abiola AA, Guo X, Kambey PA, Xia Y, Gao D. Cancer Metabolism: The Role of Immune Cells Epigenetic Alteration in Tumorigenesis, Progression, and Metastasis of Glioma. Front Immunol 2022; 13:831636. [PMID: 35392088 PMCID: PMC8980436 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.831636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioma is a type of brain and spinal cord tumor that begins in glial cells that support the nervous system neurons functions. Age, radiation exposure, and family background of glioma constitute are risk factors of glioma initiation. Gliomas are categorized on a scale of four grades according to their growth rate. Grades one and two grow slowly, while grades three and four grow faster. Glioblastoma is a grade four gliomas and the deadliest due to its aggressive nature (accelerated proliferation, invasion, and migration). As such, multiple therapeutic approaches are required to improve treatment outcomes. Recently, studies have implicated the significant roles of immune cells in tumorigenesis and the progression of glioma. The energy demands of gliomas alter their microenvironment quality, thereby inducing heterogeneity and plasticity change of stromal and immune cells via the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, which ultimately results in epigenetic modifications that facilitates tumor growth. PI3K is utilized by many intracellular signaling pathways ensuring the proper functioning of the cell. The activation of PI3K/AKT/mTOR regulates the plasma membrane activities, contributing to the phosphorylation reaction necessary for transcription factors activities and oncogenes hyperactivation. The pleiotropic nature of PI3K/AKT/mTOR makes its activity unpredictable during altered cellular functions. Modification of cancer cell microenvironment affects many cell types, including immune cells that are the frontline cells involved in inflammatory cascades caused by cancer cells via high cytokines synthesis. Typically, the evasion of immunosurveillance by gliomas and their resistance to treatment has been attributed to epigenetic reprogramming of immune cells in the tumor microenvironment, which results from cancer metabolism. Hence, it is speculative that impeding cancer metabolism and/or circumventing the epigenetic alteration of immune cell functions in the tumor microenvironment might enhance treatment outcomes. Herein, from an oncological and immunological perspective, this review discusses the underlying pathomechanism of cell-cell interactions enhancing glioma initiation and metabolism activation and tumor microenvironment changes that affect epigenetic modifications in immune cells. Finally, prospects for therapeutic intervention were highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kouminin Kanwore
- Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Department of Neurobiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Department of Anatomy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Konimpo Kanwore
- Faculty Mixed of Medicine and Pharmacy, Lomé-Togo, University of Lomé, Lomé, Togo
| | | | - Ayanlaja Abdulrahman Abiola
- Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Department of Neurobiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Department of Anatomy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Guo
- Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Department of Neurobiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Department of Anatomy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Piniel Alphayo Kambey
- Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Department of Neurobiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Department of Anatomy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Ying Xia
- Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Department of Neurobiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Department of Anatomy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Dianshuai Gao
- Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Department of Neurobiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Department of Anatomy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
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Cernera G, Di Donato M, Higgins PJ, Schlaepfer IR. Editorial: The Role of Steroid Hormones and Growth Factors in Cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:887529. [PMID: 35493105 PMCID: PMC9039009 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.887529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Cernera
- CEINGE, Advanced Biotechnologies, Naples, Italy
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Marzia Di Donato
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “L Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
- *Correspondence: Marzia Di Donato,
| | - Paul J. Higgins
- Department of Regenerative and Cancer Cell Biology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, United States
| | - Isabel R. Schlaepfer
- Division of Medical Oncology, Genitourinary Cancer Program, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States
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Singh M, Akkaya S, Preuß M, Rademacher F, Tohidnezhad M, Kubo Y, Behrendt P, Weitkamp JT, Wedel T, Lucius R, Gläser R, Harder J, Bayer A. Platelet-Released Growth Factors Influence Wound Healing-Associated Genes in Human Keratinocytes and Ex Vivo Skin Explants. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23052827. [PMID: 35269967 PMCID: PMC8911300 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Platelet-released growth factors (PRGFs) or other thrombocyte concentrate products, e.g., Platelet-Rich Fibrin (PRF), have become efficient tools of regenerative medicine in many medical disciplines. In the context of wound healing, it has been demonstrated that treatment of chronic or complicated wounds with PRGF or PRF improves wound healing in the majority of treated patients. Nevertheless, the underlying cellular and molecular mechanism are still poorly understood. Therefore, we aimed to analyze if PRGF-treatment of human keratinocytes caused the induction of genes encoding paracrine factors associated with successful wound healing. The investigated genes were Semaphorin 7A (SEMA7A), Angiopoietin-like 4 (ANGPLT4), Fibroblast Growth Factor-2 (FGF-2), Interleukin-32 (IL-32), the CC-chemokine-ligand 20 (CCL20), the matrix-metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), the chemokine C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 10 (CXCL10) and the subunit B of the Platelet-Derived Growth Factor (PDGFB). We observed a significant gene induction of SEMA7A, ANGPLT4, FGF-2, IL-32, MMP-2 and PDGFB in human keratinocytes after PRGF treatment. The CCL20- and CXCL10 gene expressions were significantly inhibited by PRGF therapy. Signal transduction analyses revealed that the PRGF-mediated gene induction of SEMA7A, ANGPLT4, IL-32 and MMP-2 in human keratinocytes was transduced via the IL-6 receptor pathway. In contrast, EGF receptor signaling was not involved in the PRGF-mediated gene expression of analyzed genes in human keratinocytes. Additionally, treatment of ex vivo skin explants with PRGF confirmed a significant gene induction of SEMA7A, ANGPLT4, MMP-2 and PDGFB. Taken together, these results describe a new mechanism that could be responsible for the beneficial wound healing properties of PRGF or related thrombocytes concentrate products such as PRF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Singh
- Institute of Anatomy, Kiel University, 24098 Kiel, Germany; (M.S.); (S.A.); (T.W.); (R.L.)
| | - Serhat Akkaya
- Institute of Anatomy, Kiel University, 24098 Kiel, Germany; (M.S.); (S.A.); (T.W.); (R.L.)
| | - Mark Preuß
- Department for Vascular Medicine, Heart and Vascular Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany;
| | - Franziska Rademacher
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, Kiel University, 24105 Kiel, Germany; (F.R.); (R.G.); (J.H.)
| | - Mersedeh Tohidnezhad
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany; (M.T.); (Y.K.)
| | - Yusuke Kubo
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany; (M.T.); (Y.K.)
| | - Peter Behrendt
- Department of Trauma Surgery, University Medical Center of Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany;
| | - Jan-Tobias Weitkamp
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center of Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, 24015 Kiel, Germany;
| | - Thilo Wedel
- Institute of Anatomy, Kiel University, 24098 Kiel, Germany; (M.S.); (S.A.); (T.W.); (R.L.)
| | - Ralph Lucius
- Institute of Anatomy, Kiel University, 24098 Kiel, Germany; (M.S.); (S.A.); (T.W.); (R.L.)
| | - Regine Gläser
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, Kiel University, 24105 Kiel, Germany; (F.R.); (R.G.); (J.H.)
| | - Jürgen Harder
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, Kiel University, 24105 Kiel, Germany; (F.R.); (R.G.); (J.H.)
| | - Andreas Bayer
- Institute of Anatomy, Kiel University, 24098 Kiel, Germany; (M.S.); (S.A.); (T.W.); (R.L.)
- Correspondence:
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9
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Silicone Breast Implant Coated with Triamcinolone Inhibited Breast-Implant-Induced Fibrosis in a Porcine Model. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14143917. [PMID: 34300843 PMCID: PMC8307199 DOI: 10.3390/ma14143917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Cosmetic silicone implants for breast reconstruction often lead to medical complications, such as abnormally excessive fibrosis driven by foreign body granulomatous inflammation. The purpose of this study was to develop a silicone breast implant capable of local and controlled release of a glucocorticoid drug triamcinolone acetonide (TA) for the prevention of silicone-breast-implant-induced fibrosis in a Yorkshire pig model (in vivo). Implants were dip-coated in a TA solution to load 1.85 μg/cm2 of TA in the implant shell, which could release the drug in a sustained manner for over 50 days. Immunohistochemical analysis for 12 weeks showed a decline in tumor necrosis factor-α expression, capsule thickness, and collagen density by 82.2%, 55.2%, and 32.3%, respectively. Furthermore, the counts of fibroblasts, macrophages, and myofibroblasts in the TA-coated implants were drastically reduced by 57.78%, 48.8%, and 64.02%, respectively. The TA-coated implants also lowered the expression of vimentin and α-smooth muscle actin proteins, the major profibrotic fibroblast and myofibroblast markers, respectively. Our findings suggest that TA-coated silicone breast implants can be a promising strategy for safely preventing fibrosis around the implants.
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10
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Garoufalia Z, Papadopetraki A, Karatza E, Vardakostas D, Philippou A, Kouraklis G, Mantas D. Insulin-like growth factor-I and wound healing, a potential answer to non-healing wounds: A systematic review of the literature and future perspectives. Biomed Rep 2021; 15:66. [PMID: 34155450 DOI: 10.3892/br.2021.1442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The induction of wound healing by insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) has been demonstrated in several animal studies; however, there are disproportionately fewer studies assessing its value in humans. The aim of the present review is to provide a comprehensive summary of all the available evidence pertaining to the effects of IGF-I administration on the process of wound anaplasias, both in human tissues in vivo and in cells in vitro. A systematic search of Medline, Scopus and Google Scholar was performed for relevant studies published until May 2020. Overall, 11 studies were included. Of these, 2 studies were conducted in human subjects, whereas the rest of them were performed using in vitro models of human cell lines. All studies demonstrated a positive association between IGF-I and wound anaplasias; IGF-I promoted the migration of keratinocytes, thus playing an important role in wound epithelialization as well as enabling wound bed contraction, and it also stimulated hyaluronan synthesis. The wound healing-promoting effect of IGF-I may be a great asset in dealing with the healing of challenging wounds; thus, this type of treatment could be extremely useful in addressing patients with large burn wounds, chronic diabetic ulcers and patients with impaired wound healing. Nevertheless, the route of recombinant IGF-I administration, the recommended dosage, as well as the indications for clinical use of this growth factor remain to be determined and thus, additional clinical trials are required, with a focus on the medical use of recombinant IGF-I in wound anaplasias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoe Garoufalia
- Second Department of Propaedeutic Surgery, Laiko General Hospital, Athens 11527, Greece
| | - Argyro Papadopetraki
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens 11527, Greece
| | - Elli Karatza
- Second Department of Propaedeutic Surgery, Laiko General Hospital, Athens 11527, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Vardakostas
- Second Department of Propaedeutic Surgery, Laiko General Hospital, Athens 11527, Greece
| | - Anastassios Philippou
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens 11527, Greece
| | - Gregory Kouraklis
- Second Department of Propaedeutic Surgery, Laiko General Hospital, Athens 11527, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Mantas
- Second Department of Propaedeutic Surgery, Laiko General Hospital, Athens 11527, Greece
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11
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Pilmane M, Jain N, Vitenberga-Verza Z. Expression Analysis of FGF/FGFR and FOX Family Proteins in Mucosal Tissue Obtained from Orofacial Cleft-Affected Children. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:423. [PMID: 34068496 PMCID: PMC8151933 DOI: 10.3390/biology10050423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Orofacial clefts affect hundreds of thousands of children worldwide annually and are usually corrected by a series of surgeries extending to childhood. The underlying mechanisms that lead to clefts are still unknown, mainly because of the multifactorial etiology and the myriad of interactions between genes and environmental factors. In the present study, we investigated the role and expression of candidate genes belonging to the FGF/FGFR signaling pathway and FOX family in tissue material obtained from 12 pediatric patients undergoing cleft correction surgery. The expression was investigated using immunohistochemistry (IHC) and chromogenic in-situ hybridization (CISH) in three cell/tissue types-epithelial cells, connective tissue, and endothelial cells. We found elevated expression of FGFR1 in epithelial cells while no expression was observed in endothelial cells. Further, our results elucidate the potential pathogenetic role of FGFR1 in cellular proliferation, local site inflammation, and fibrosis in cleft patients. Along with bFGF (also called FGF2), FGFR1 could play a pro-inflammatory role in clefts. Over-amplification of FGFR2 in some patients, along with bFGF, could potentially suggest roles for these genes in angiogenesis. Additionally, increased expression of FOXE1 (also called TTF2) contributes to local site inflammation. Finally, zero to low amplification of FOXO1 could suggest its potential role in inducing oxidative stress in the endothelium along with reduced epithelial apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nityanand Jain
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Anatomy and Anthropology, Riga Stradinš University, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia; (M.P.); (Z.V.-V.)
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12
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Yang W, Gong Y, Li W. A Review: Electrode and Packaging Materials for Neurophysiology Recording Implants. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 8:622923. [PMID: 33585422 PMCID: PMC7873964 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.622923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
To date, a wide variety of neural tissue implants have been developed for neurophysiology recording from living tissues. An ideal neural implant should minimize the damage to the tissue and perform reliably and accurately for long periods of time. Therefore, the materials utilized to fabricate the neural recording implants become a critical factor. The materials of these devices could be classified into two broad categories: electrode materials as well as packaging and substrate materials. In this review, inorganic (metals and semiconductors), organic (conducting polymers), and carbon-based (graphene and carbon nanostructures) electrode materials are reviewed individually in terms of various neural recording devices that are reported in recent years. Properties of these materials, including electrical properties, mechanical properties, stability, biodegradability/bioresorbability, biocompatibility, and optical properties, and their critical importance to neural recording quality and device capabilities, are discussed. For the packaging and substrate materials, different material properties are desired for the chronic implantation of devices in the complex environment of the body, such as biocompatibility and moisture and gas hermeticity. This review summarizes common solid and soft packaging materials used in a variety of neural interface electrode designs, as well as their packaging performances. Besides, several biopolymers typically applied over the electrode package to reinforce the mechanical rigidity of devices during insertion, or to reduce the immune response and inflammation at the device-tissue interfaces are highlighted. Finally, a benchmark analysis of the discussed materials and an outlook of the future research trends are concluded.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Wen Li
- Microtechnology Lab, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
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13
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Akyol S, Akgun MY, Yetmez M, Hanci M, Oktar FN, Ben-Nissan B. Comparative Analysis of NF-κB in the MyD88-Mediated Pathway After Implantation of Titanium Alloy and Stainless Steel and the Role of Regulatory T Cells. World Neurosurg 2020; 144:e138-e148. [PMID: 32781150 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2020.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Development of immunologically smart implants, integrated to biological systems, is a key aim to minimize the inflammatory response of the host to biomaterial implants. METHODS The aim of this study is to investigate the influence of titanium alloy and stainless steel implants on immunological responses in rats by comparative analysis of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) profiles in the activation of inflammatory signaling pathways and the role of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+. RESULTS Both Ti alloy and stainless steel alloy group implantation affect Toll-like receptors-4 pathways and CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells in different ways. CONCLUSIONS Results show that NF-κB/p65 and NF-κB1/p50 possess potential as a therapeutic target in the prevention of adverse reactions to metal, especially for controlling inflammation after the implantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sibel Akyol
- Department of Physiology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey; Faculty of Science, School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Mehmet Yigit Akgun
- Department of Neurosurgery, High Specialized Hospital, Kirikkale, Turkey.
| | - Mehmet Yetmez
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Zonguldak Bulent Ecevit University, Zonguldak, Turkey
| | - Murat Hanci
- Department of Neurosurgery, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Faik Nuzhet Oktar
- Faculty of Technology, Advanced Nanomaterials Research Laboratory, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Besim Ben-Nissan
- Faculty of Science, School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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14
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Sun J, Zhuang Z, Zheng J, Li K, Wong RLY, Liu D, Huang J, He J, Zhu A, Zhao J, Li X, Xi Y, Chen R, Alshukairi AN, Chen Z, Zhang Z, Chen C, Huang X, Li F, Lai X, Chen D, Wen L, Zhuo J, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Huang S, Dai J, Shi Y, Zheng K, Leidinger MR, Chen J, Li Y, Zhong N, Meyerholz DK, McCray PB, Perlman S, Zhao J. Generation of a Broadly Useful Model for COVID-19 Pathogenesis, Vaccination, and Treatment. Cell 2020; 182:734-743.e5. [PMID: 32643603 PMCID: PMC7284240 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 348] [Impact Index Per Article: 87.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, is a virulent pneumonia, with >4,000,000 confirmed cases worldwide and >290,000 deaths as of May 15, 2020. It is critical that vaccines and therapeutics be developed very rapidly. Mice, the ideal animal for assessing such interventions, are resistant to SARS-CoV-2. Here, we overcome this difficulty by exogenous delivery of human ACE2 with a replication-deficient adenovirus (Ad5-hACE2). Ad5-hACE2-sensitized mice developed pneumonia characterized by weight loss, severe pulmonary pathology, and high-titer virus replication in lungs. Type I interferon, T cells, and, most importantly, signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) are critical for virus clearance and disease resolution in these mice. Ad5-hACE2-transduced mice enabled rapid assessments of a vaccine candidate, of human convalescent plasma, and of two antiviral therapies (poly I:C and remdesivir). In summary, we describe a murine model of broad and immediate utility to investigate COVID-19 pathogenesis and to evaluate new therapies and vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510182, China
| | - Zhen Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510182, China
| | - Jian Zheng
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA
| | - Kun Li
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA
| | - Roy Lok-Yin Wong
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA
| | - Donglan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510182, China
| | - Jicheng Huang
- Guangzhou Customs District Technology Center, Guangzhou 510700, China
| | - Jiangping He
- Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health-Guangdong Laboratory (GRMH-GDL), Guangzhou 510530, China
| | - Airu Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510182, China
| | - Jingxian Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510182, China
| | - Xiaobo Li
- Guangzhou Customs District Technology Center, Guangzhou 510700, China
| | - Yin Xi
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510182, China
| | - Rongchang Chen
- Shenzhen Institute of Respiratory Disease, First Affiliated Hospital of South University of Science and Technology of China (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Abeer N Alshukairi
- King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Zhao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510182, China
| | - Zhaoyong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510182, China
| | - Chunke Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510182, China
| | - Xiaofang Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510182, China
| | - Fang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510182, China
| | - Xiaomin Lai
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510182, China
| | - Dingbin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510182, China
| | - Liyan Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510182, China
| | - Jianfen Zhuo
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510182, China
| | - Yanjun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510182, China
| | - Yanqun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510182, China
| | - Shuxiang Huang
- Guangzhou Customs District Technology Center, Guangzhou 510700, China
| | - Jun Dai
- Guangzhou Customs District Technology Center, Guangzhou 510700, China
| | - Yongxia Shi
- Guangzhou Customs District Technology Center, Guangzhou 510700, China
| | - Kui Zheng
- Guangzhou Customs District Technology Center, Guangzhou 510700, China
| | | | - Jiekai Chen
- Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health-Guangdong Laboratory (GRMH-GDL), Guangzhou 510530, China; Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China
| | - Yimin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510182, China
| | - Nanshan Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510182, China
| | - David K Meyerholz
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA
| | - Paul B McCray
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA.
| | - Stanley Perlman
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA.
| | - Jincun Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510182, China; Institute of Infectious Disease, Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, China.
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15
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Janmale TV, Lindsay A, Gieseg SP. Nucleoside transporters are critical to the uptake and antioxidant activity of 7,8-dihydroneopterin in monocytic cells. Free Radic Res 2020; 54:341-350. [DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2020.1764948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tejraj V. Janmale
- Free Radical Biochemistry Laboratory, School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Angus Lindsay
- Free Radical Biochemistry Laboratory, School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Steven P. Gieseg
- Free Radical Biochemistry Laboratory, School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
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16
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Maleknia M, Ansari N, Haybar H, Maniati M, Saki N. Inflammatory Growth Factors and In-Stent Restenosis: Effect of Cytokines and Growth Factors. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s42399-020-00240-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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17
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Comparative Evaluation of the Angiogenic Potential of Hypoxia Preconditioned Blood-Derived Secretomes and Platelet-Rich Plasma: An In Vitro Analysis. Biomedicines 2020; 8:biomedicines8010016. [PMID: 31963131 PMCID: PMC7168246 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8010016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Blood-derived factor preparations are being clinically employed as tools for promoting tissue repair and regeneration. Here we set out to characterize the in vitro angiogenic potential of two types of frequently used autologous blood-derived secretomes: platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and hypoxia preconditioned plasma (HPP)/serum (HPS). The concentration of key pro-angiogenic (VEGF) and anti-angiogenic (TSP-1, PF-4) protein factors in these secretomes was analyzed via ELISA, while their ability to induce microvessel formation and sprouting was examined in endothelial cell and aortic ring cultures, respectively. We found higher concentrations of VEGF in PRP and HPP/HPS compared to normal plasma and serum. This correlated with improved induction of microvessel formation by PRP and HPP/HPS. HPP had a significantly lower TSP-1 and PF-4 concentration than PRP and HPS. PRP and HPP/HPS appeared to induce similar levels of microvessel sprouting; however, the length of these sprouts was greater in HPP/HPS than in PRP cultures. A bell-shaped angiogenic response profile was observed with increasing HPP/HPS dilutions, with peak values significantly exceeding the PRP response. Our findings demonstrate that optimization of peripheral blood cell-derived angiogenic factor signalling through hypoxic preconditioning offers an improved alternative to simple platelet concentration and release of growth factors pre-stored in platelets.
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18
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Muthumalage T, Lamb T, Friedman MR, Rahman I. E-cigarette flavored pods induce inflammation, epithelial barrier dysfunction, and DNA damage in lung epithelial cells and monocytes. Sci Rep 2019; 9:19035. [PMID: 31836726 PMCID: PMC6910911 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-51643-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
E-cigarette flavored pods are increasing in use among young adults. Although marketed as a safer alternative to conventional cigarettes, the health effects of e-cigarette flavored pods are unknown. We hypothesized that e-cigarette flavored pods would cause oxidative stress, barrier dysfunction, and an inflammatory response in monocytes and lung epithelial cells. JUUL pod flavors (Fruit Medley, Virginia Tobacco, Cool Mint, Crème Brulee, Cool Cucumber, Mango, and Classic Menthol) and similar pod flavors (Just Mango-Strawberry Coconut and Caffé Latte) were tested. These pod flavors generated significant amounts of acellular ROS and induced significant mitochondrial superoxide production in bronchial epithelial cells (16-HBE). Lung epithelial cells (16-HBE, BEAS-2B) and monocytes (U937) exposed to various pod aerosols resulted in increased inflammatory mediators, such as IL-8 or PGE2. JUUL pod flavors, Crème Brulee and Cool Cucumber, caused epithelial barrier dysfunction in 16-HBE cells. Moreover, tested flavors also showed DNA damage upon exposure in monocytes. We determined the chemical constituents present in various flavors. Our data suggest that these constituents in flavored pods induce oxidative stress, inflammation, epithelial barrier dysfunction, and DNA damage in lung cells. These data provide insights into the regulation of e-cigarette flavored pods, as well as constituents in these flavors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thivanka Muthumalage
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, School of Medicine & Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Thomas Lamb
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, School of Medicine & Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Michelle R Friedman
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, College of Brockport, State University of New York, NY, New York, USA
| | - Irfan Rahman
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, School of Medicine & Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA.
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19
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Fotticchia A, Musson D, Lenardi C, Demirci E, Liu Y. Anisotropic cytocompatible electrospun scaffold for tendon tissue engineering elicits limited inflammatory response in vitro. J Biomater Appl 2019; 33:127-139. [PMID: 29987990 DOI: 10.1177/0885328218779846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Tendon tears are a relevant concern for today's national health systems because of their social impact and high recurrence rate. The current gold standard for fixing tendon tears is surgical repair; however, this strategy is not able to fully re-establish tendon integrity and functionality. Tissue engineering approaches aim at promoting tissue regeneration by delivering the opportune signals to the injured site combining biomaterials, cells and biochemical cues. Electrospinning is currently one of the most versatile polymer processing techniques that allows manufacturing of nano- and micro-fibres substrates. Such fibrous morphology is deemed to be an ideal substrate to convey topographical cues to cells. Here we evaluated the potential of polycaprolactone processed by means of electrospinning technology for tendon tissue engineering. Fibrous free-of-defects substrate with random and aligned fibres were successfully fabricated. Rat tenocytes were used to assess the cytocompatibility of the substrates for application as tendon tissue engineered devices. Tenocytes were able to proliferate and adapt to the substrates topography acquiring an elongated morphology, which is the precondition for oriented collagen deposition, when seeded on aligned fibres. Real time Polymerase Chain Reaction (Rt-PCR) also revealed the overall maintenance of tenocyte phenotype over 7 days culture. To verify suitability for in vivo implantation, the level of inflammatory cytokine genes expressed by THP-1 cells cultured in presence of electrospun polycaprolactone substrates was evaluated. Inflammatory response was limited. The novel preliminary in vitro work presented herein showing tenocytes compatibility and limited inflammatory cytokines synthesis suggests that electrospun polycaprolactone may be taken into consideration as substrate for tendon healing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - David Musson
- 2 Department of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Cristina Lenardi
- 3 Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Emrah Demirci
- 4 Wolfson School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
| | - Yang Liu
- 4 Wolfson School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
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20
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Yuan N, Chen Y, Xia Y, Dai J, Liu C. Inflammation-related biomarkers in major psychiatric disorders: a cross-disorder assessment of reproducibility and specificity in 43 meta-analyses. Transl Psychiatry 2019; 9:233. [PMID: 31534116 PMCID: PMC6751188 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-019-0570-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 236] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is a natural defence response of the immune system against environmental insult, stress and injury, but hyper- and hypo-inflammatory responses can trigger diseases. Accumulating evidence suggests that inflammation is involved in multiple psychiatric disorders. Using inflammation-related factors as biomarkers of psychiatric disorders requires the proof of reproducibility and specificity of the changes in different disorders, which remains to be established. We performed a cross-disorder study by systematically evaluating the meta-analysis results of inflammation-related factors in eight major psychiatric disorders, including schizophrenia (SCZ), bipolar disorder (BD), autism spectrum disorder (ASD), major depression disorder (MDD), post-trauma stress disorder (PTSD), sleeping disorder (SD), obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and suicide. A total of 43 meta-analyses involving 704 publications on 44 inflammation-related factors were included in the study. We calculated the effect size and statistical power for every inflammation-related factor in each disorder. Our analyses showed that well-powered case-control studies provided more consistent results than underpowered studies when one factor was meta-analysed by different researchers. After removing underpowered studies, 30 of the 44 inflammation-related factors showed significant alterations in at least one disorder based on well-powered meta-analyses. Eleven of them changed in patients of more than two disorders when compared with the controls. A few inflammation-related factors showed unique changes in specific disorders (e.g., IL-4 increased in BD, decreased in suicide, but had no change in MDD, ASD, PTSD and SCZ). MDD had the largest number of changes while SD has the least. Clustering analysis showed that closely related disorders share similar patterns of inflammatory changes, as genome-wide genetic studies have found. According to the effect size obtained from the meta-analyses, 13 inflammation-related factors would need <50 cases and 50 controls to achieve 80% power to show significant differences (p < 0.0016) between patients and controls. Changes in different states of MDD, SCZ or BD were also observed in various comparisons. Studies comparing first-episode SCZ to controls may have more reproducible findings than those comparing pre- and post-treatment results. Longitudinal, system-wide studies of inflammation regulation that can differentiate trait- and state-specific changes will be needed to establish valuable biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Yuan
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital; Mental health Institute of the Second Xiangya Hospital; National Clinical Research Center on Mental Disorders; National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Department of Psychiatry, Hunan Provincial Brain Hospital; Clinical Research Center for Mental Behavioral Disorder in Hunan Province, Clinical Medical School of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Center for Medical Genetics & Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yan Xia
- Center for Medical Genetics & Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Department of Psychiatry, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Jiacheng Dai
- Center for Medical Genetics & Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Chunyu Liu
- Center for Medical Genetics & Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
- Department of Psychiatry, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA.
- School of Psychology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
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21
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Hwang KH, Kim JH, Park EY, Cha SK. An effective range of polydeoxyribonucleotides is critical for wound healing quality. Mol Med Rep 2018; 18:5166-5172. [PMID: 30320361 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Wound healing is a physiological restorative response to tissue and cell injury. This process occurs in collaboration with a complex cascade of cellular events, including biochemical alterations to the extracellular matrix. Polydeoxyribonucleotide (PDRN) is a fragmented DNA mixture from Oncorhynchus mykiss or Oncorhynchus keta sperm known to promote tissue regeneration under different pathophysiological conditions. However, the most effective molecular size of PDRNs for promoting the wound healing process and quality has not been established. In the present study, the regeneration quality with low (<50 kDa), middle [classic PDRN; 50‑1,500 kDa] and high (>1,500 kDa) molecular weight PDRNs in a skin wound healing mouse model was examined using hematoxylin and eosin, as well as Masson's trichrome stain. A 4 mm biopsy punch was used to produce wounds in the skin of the mice. PDRN‑mediated cellular behavior and signaling were evaluated by in vitro scratch assay and western blot analysis, respectively. It was observed that the apparent surface wound healing processes were not significantly different between PDRN molecular sizes. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that classic PDRN‑injected mice exhibited less lipid accumulation with increased collagen composition. These results suggested that 50‑1,500 kDa PDRN offers an effective DNA mixture to improve wound healing quality. Furthermore, classic PDRN increased cell migration via c‑Jun N‑terminal kinase signaling in human fibroblasts. The present study suggests an optimal PDRN molecular weight to promote wound healing, and novel approaches for therapeutic strategies to improve tissue regeneration quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyu-Hee Hwang
- Department of Physiology, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Gangwon‑do 26426, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hee Kim
- Department of Physiology, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Gangwon‑do 26426, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Young Park
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Gangwon‑do 26426, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Kuy Cha
- Department of Physiology, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Gangwon‑do 26426, Republic of Korea
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22
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Jeon BS, Shin BH, Huh BK, Kim BH, Kim SN, Ji HB, Lee SH, Kang SI, Shim JH, Kang SM, Lee JC, Lee KS, Heo CY, Choy YB. Silicone implants capable of the local, controlled delivery of triamcinolone for the prevention of fibrosis with minimized drug side effects. J IND ENG CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2018.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Anderson J, Bonfield T, Ziats N. Protein Adsorption and Cellular Adhesion and Activation on Biomedical Polymers. Int J Artif Organs 2018. [DOI: 10.1177/039139889001300609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The design and development of new biomedical polymers for clinical application in devices, prostheses, and artificial organs requires a basic and fundamental understanding of biological interactions with biomedical polymers. Efforts in our laboratory have been directed towards appreciating the humoral and cellular interactions which govern protein adsorption and cellular adhesion and activation on biomedical polymers. Information and data are presented on protein adsorption from whole human blood, complement activation and receptors, and monocyte/macrophage adhesion and activation with growth factor release. Supported by experimental evidence, concepts regarding protein/polymer, cell/ polymer, cell/protein/polymer, and cell/cell interactions as they are related to in vivo events are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- J.M. Anderson
- Institute of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland - U.S.A
| | - T.L. Bonfield
- Institute of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland - U.S.A
| | - N.P. Ziats
- Institute of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland - U.S.A
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Park JW, Hwang SR, Yoon IS. Advanced Growth Factor Delivery Systems in Wound Management and Skin Regeneration. Molecules 2017; 22:E1259. [PMID: 28749427 PMCID: PMC6152378 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22081259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 212] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Revised: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Growth factors are endogenous signaling molecules that regulate cellular responses required for wound healing processes such as migration, proliferation, and differentiation. However, exogenous application of growth factors has limited effectiveness in clinical settings due to their low in vivo stability, restricted absorption through skin around wound lesions, elimination by exudation prior to reaching the wound area, and other unwanted side effects. Sophisticated systems to control the spatio-temporal delivery of growth factors are required for the effective and safe use of growth factors as regenerative treatments in clinical practice, such as biomaterial-based drug delivery systems (DDSs). The current review describes the roles of growth factors in wound healing, their clinical applications for the treatment of chronic wounds, and advances in growth factor-loaded DDSs for enhanced wound healing, focusing on micro- and nano-particulate systems, scaffolds, hydrogels, and other miscellaneous systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Woo Park
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Natural Medicine Research Institute, Mokpo National University, Muan-gun, Jeonnam 58554, Korea.
| | - Seung Rim Hwang
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, Dong-gu, Gwangju 61452, Korea.
| | - In-Soo Yoon
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 46241, Korea.
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Xu C, Bentinger M, Savu O, Moshfegh A, Sunkari V, Dallner G, Swiezewska E, Catrina SB, Brismar K, Tekle M. Mono-epoxy-tocotrienol-α enhances wound healing in diabetic mice and stimulates in vitro angiogenesis and cell migration. J Diabetes Complications 2017; 31:4-12. [PMID: 27839658 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2016.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Revised: 08/24/2016] [Accepted: 10/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is characterized by hyperglycemia and capillary hypoxia that causes excessive production of free radicals and impaired antioxidant defense, resulting in oxidative stress and diabetes complications such as impaired wound healing. We have previously shown that modified forms of tocotrienols possess beneficial effects on the biosynthesis of the mevalonate pathway lipids including increase in mitochondrial CoQ. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of mono-epoxy-tocotrienol-α on in vitro and in vivo wound healing models as well as its effects on mitochondrial function. Gene profiling analysis and gene expression studies on HepG2 cells and human dermal fibroblasts were performed by microarray and qPCR, respectively. In vitro wound healing using human fibroblasts was studied by scratch assay and in vitro angiogenesis using human dermal microvascular endothelial cells was studied by the tube formation assay. In vivo wound healing was performed in the diabetic db/db mouse model. For the study of mitochondrial functions and oxygen consumption rate Seahorse XF-24 was employed. In vitro, significant increase in wound closure and cell migration (p<0.05) both in normal and high glucose and in endothelial tube formation (angiogenesis) (p<0.005) were observed. Microarray profiling analysis showed a 20-fold increase of KIF26A gene expression and 11-fold decrease of lanosterol synthase expression. Expression analysis by qPCR showed significant increase of the growth factors VEGFA and PDGFB. The epoxidated compound induced a significantly higher basal and reserve mitochondrial capacity in both HDF and HepG2 cells. Additionally, in vivo wound healing in db/db mice, demonstrated a small but significant enhancement on wound healing upon local application of the compound compared to treatment with vehicle alone. Mono-epoxy-tocotrienol-α seems to possess beneficial effects on wound healing by increasing the expression of genes involved in cell growth, motility and angiogenes as well as on mitochondrial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Xu
- The Rolf Luft Center for Diabetes Research, Department of Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet and Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism Karolinska Hospital, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Magnus Bentinger
- The Rolf Luft Center for Diabetes Research, Department of Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet and Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism Karolinska Hospital, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Octavian Savu
- The Rolf Luft Center for Diabetes Research, Department of Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet and Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism Karolinska Hospital, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ali Moshfegh
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska University Hospital, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Vivekananda Sunkari
- The Rolf Luft Center for Diabetes Research, Department of Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet and Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism Karolinska Hospital, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gustav Dallner
- The Rolf Luft Center for Diabetes Research, Department of Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet and Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism Karolinska Hospital, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ewa Swiezewska
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Sergiu-Bogdan Catrina
- The Rolf Luft Center for Diabetes Research, Department of Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet and Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism Karolinska Hospital, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kerstin Brismar
- The Rolf Luft Center for Diabetes Research, Department of Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet and Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism Karolinska Hospital, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Michael Tekle
- The Rolf Luft Center for Diabetes Research, Department of Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet and Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism Karolinska Hospital, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden.
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Mercier F. Fractones: extracellular matrix niche controlling stem cell fate and growth factor activity in the brain in health and disease. Cell Mol Life Sci 2016; 73:4661-4674. [PMID: 27475964 PMCID: PMC11108427 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-016-2314-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2015] [Revised: 06/22/2016] [Accepted: 07/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The stem cell niche refers to a specific microenvironment where stem cells proliferate and differentiate to produce new specialized cells throughout an organism's adulthood. Growth factors are crucial signaling molecules that diffuse through the extracellular space, reach the stem cell niche, and ultimately promote stem cell proliferation and differentiation. However, it is not well known how multiple growth factors, often with antagonistic activities, work together in the stem cell niche to select target stem cell populations and determine stem cell fate. There is accumulating evidence suggesting that extracellular matrix (ECM) molecules play an important role in promoting growth factor access and activity in the stem cell niche. In the adult brain neurogenic zone, where neural stem cells (NSCs) reside, there exist specialized ECM structures, which we have named fractones. The processes of NSC allow them to come into contact with fractones and interact with its individual components, which include heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs) and laminins. We have demonstrated that fractone-associated HSPGs bind growth factors and regulate NSC proliferation in the neurogenic zone. Moreover, emerging results show that fractones are structurally altered in animal models with autism and adult hydrocephalus, as demonstrated by changes in fractone size, quantity, or HSPG content. Interestingly, ECM structures similar to fractones have been found throughout β-amyloid plaques in the brain of patients with Alzheimer's disease. Pathological fractones may cause imbalances in growth factor activity and impair neurogenesis, leading to inflammation and disorder. Generally speaking, these stem cell niche structures play a potentially vital role in controlling growth factor activity during both health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederic Mercier
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Medical Microbiology and Pharmacology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, 1960 East-West Rd, Honolulu, HI, 96822, USA.
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27
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Absence of Expression of c-sis and Transforming Growth Factor-β mRNA in Malignant Fibrous Histiocytoma. Int J Surg Pathol 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/106689699300100205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Total RNA was extracted from five malignant fibrous histiocytomas and two benign fibrohistiocytic lesions and assayed for mRNA expressions for transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) and c-sis by Northern blot analysis. Production of both of these has been associated with cells of monocyte-macrophage lineage, and these factors have been shown to be important in physiologic mesenchymal cell proliferation. No mRNA expression of either TGF-β or c-sis was identified in any of the fibrohistiocytic tumor samples. The lack of expression of TGF-β and c-sis may be consistent with a nonhistiocytic origin of malignant fibrous histiocytoma, or may reflect transformation- associated loss of the normal molecular mechanisms of mesenchymal proliferation. The absence of c-sis mRNA expression can be reconciled with the prior immunohisto chemical demonstration of platelet-derived growth factor in tumor cells of malignant fibrous histiocytoma. Int J Surg Pathol(2):117-122, 1993
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A morphoelastic model for dermal wound closure. Biomech Model Mechanobiol 2015; 15:663-81. [DOI: 10.1007/s10237-015-0716-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2015] [Accepted: 08/01/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Zanuzzo FS, Zaiden SF, Senhorini JA, Marzocchi-Machado CM, Urbinati EC. Aloe vera bathing improved physical and humoral protection in breeding stock after induced spawning in matrinxã (Brycon amazonicus). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2015; 45:132-140. [PMID: 25703714 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2015.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2014] [Revised: 12/23/2014] [Accepted: 02/10/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we show that induced spawning causes stress, an intense loss of epithelia and immunosuppression, decreasing physical and humoral protection in fish, effects that were prevented or improved in fish bathed with Aloe vera. A. vera has several medicinal properties, including wound healing and immunostimulatory effects, which we observed in this study. Fish bathed with A. vera had a higher number of epidermal goblet cells and, in general, an improved wound healing rate compared with the control after induced spawning. These effects might be related to (1) the stimulation of leukocyte activity, represented here by the increased leukocyte respiratory activity triggered by A. vera (leukocytes are recognized as playing an important role in wound repair); (2) the antimicrobial properties of A. vera, which decrease wound infection and accelerate the healing process; and (3) several mechanisms that explain the healing effect of A. vera (increased collagen synthesis, rate of epithelialization, and anti-inflammatory and moisturizing effects). Our results also suggest that caution is necessary during the induced spawning process, especially during stripping, and A. vera bathing is recommended after intensive aquaculture operations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fábio S Zanuzzo
- Centro de Aquicultura da Unesp, UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castelane, 14884-900 Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil; Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Biociências, Campus de Botucatu, UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Rubião Jr., 18618-970 Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
| | - Sérgio F Zaiden
- Universidade de Rio Verde - FESURV, Campus Universitário, s/n. Rio Verde, CEP: 75901-970 Goiás, Brazil.
| | - José A Senhorini
- Centro Nacional de Pesquisa e Conservação de Peixes Continentais (CEPTA/ICMBio), Rodovia Euberto Pereira de Godoy, km 6,5, Pirassununga, 13630-000 São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Cleni M Marzocchi-Machado
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo - USP, Via do Café, Monte Alegre, 14040-903 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
| | - Elisabeth C Urbinati
- Centro de Aquicultura da Unesp, UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castelane, 14884-900 Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil; Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista - UNESP, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castelane, 14884-900 Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
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30
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Bowden LG, Maini PK, Moulton DE, Tang JB, Wang XT, Liu PY, Byrne HM. An ordinary differential equation model for full thickness wounds and the effects of diabetes. J Theor Biol 2014; 361:87-100. [PMID: 25017724 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2014.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2014] [Revised: 06/13/2014] [Accepted: 07/01/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Wound healing is a complex process in which a sequence of interrelated phases contributes to a reduction in wound size. For diabetic patients, many of these processes are compromised, so that wound healing slows down. In this paper we present a simple ordinary differential equation model for wound healing in which attention focusses on the dominant processes that contribute to closure of a full thickness wound. Asymptotic analysis of the resulting model reveals that normal healing occurs in stages: the initial and rapid elastic recoil of the wound is followed by a longer proliferative phase during which growth in the dermis dominates healing. At longer times, fibroblasts exert contractile forces on the dermal tissue, the resulting tension stimulating further dermal tissue growth and enhancing wound closure. By fitting the model to experimental data we find that the major difference between normal and diabetic healing is a marked reduction in the rate of dermal tissue growth for diabetic patients. The model is used to estimate the breakdown of dermal healing into two processes: tissue growth and contraction, the proportions of which provide information about the quality of the healed wound. We show further that increasing dermal tissue growth in the diabetic wound produces closure times similar to those associated with normal healing and we discuss the clinical implications of this hypothesised treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- L G Bowden
- Wolfson Centre for Mathematical Biology, Mathematical Institute, University of Oxford, Andrew Wiles Building, Radcliffe Observatory Quarter, Woodstock Road, Oxford OX2 6GG, UK.
| | - P K Maini
- Wolfson Centre for Mathematical Biology, Mathematical Institute, University of Oxford, Andrew Wiles Building, Radcliffe Observatory Quarter, Woodstock Road, Oxford OX2 6GG, UK
| | - D E Moulton
- Wolfson Centre for Mathematical Biology, Mathematical Institute, University of Oxford, Andrew Wiles Building, Radcliffe Observatory Quarter, Woodstock Road, Oxford OX2 6GG, UK
| | - J B Tang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Rhode Island Hospital, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - X T Wang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Rhode Island Hospital, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - P Y Liu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Rhode Island Hospital, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - H M Byrne
- Department of Computer Science, University of Oxford, Wolfson Building, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QD, UK
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Wu SY, Hu W, Zhang B, Liu S, Wang JM, Wang AM. Bromelain Ameliorates the Wound Microenvironment and Improves the Healing of Firearm Wounds. J Surg Res 2012; 176:503-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2011.11.1027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2011] [Revised: 11/13/2011] [Accepted: 11/23/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Boccafoschi F, Mosca C, Cannas M. Cardiovascular biomaterials: when the inflammatory response helps to efficiently restore tissue functionality? J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2012; 8:253-67. [DOI: 10.1002/term.1526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2011] [Revised: 01/30/2012] [Accepted: 04/03/2012] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- F. Boccafoschi
- Department of Health Sciences; University of Piemonte Orientale; “A. Avogadro” 28100 Novara Italy
| | - C. Mosca
- Department of Health Sciences; University of Piemonte Orientale; “A. Avogadro” 28100 Novara Italy
| | - M. Cannas
- Department of Health Sciences; University of Piemonte Orientale; “A. Avogadro” 28100 Novara Italy
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Frank L, Lebreton-Decoster C, Godeau G, Coulomb B, Jozefonvicz J. Effect of a dextran derivative associated with TGF-β1 or FGF-2 on dermal fibroblast behaviour in dermal equivalents. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE-POLYMER EDITION 2012; 15:1463-80. [PMID: 15648575 DOI: 10.1163/1568562042368040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Dextran derivatives that mimic the action of heparin have been shown to protect heparin-binding growth factors, such as Transforming Growth Factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) and Fibroblast Growth Factor-2 (FGF-2). The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of LS21 DMCBSu, a dextran derivative which contains methylcarboxylate, benzylamide and sulfate groups, both by itself and when combined with TGF-beta1 and FGF-2, on the behaviour of fibroblasts. Two systems were assessed: a monolayer culture and three-dimensional collagenous matrices (dermal equivalent). Polymeric biomaterial LS21 DMCBSu and LS21 DMCBSu associated with either TGF-beta1 or FGF-2, were added to the monolayer culture on day 3. After 7 days of culture the number of cells was determined. Two treatments were carried out on the dermal equivalents: 9 days of treatment from day 0 to day 9 of culture and 9 days of treatment from day 21 to day 30 of culture for the premature and the mature dermal equivalents respectively. In the monolayer culture, the bioactive polymer produced a slight increase in fibroblast growth (10% with 10 microg/ml of LS21 DMCBSu) and promoted the stimulating effect of the growth factors on cell growth. In the premature dermal equivalents growth was stimulated by 20% when 10 microg/ml LS21 DMCBSu was added. The dextran derivative mixed with TGF-beta1 slightly inhibited the growth effect of the growth factor in the dermal equivalents. The functionalized dextran with FGF-2 enhanced the stimulating effect of the growth factor in the premature dermal equivalent. A significant increase in cell growth was observed with the fibroblasts treated with the FGF-2 LS21 DMCBSu mixture and FGF-2 (51% and 40%, respectively). However, none of the described treatments affected the cell growth in the mature dermal equivalent. Furthermore, the dextran derivative had no effect on dermal contraction under these experimental conditions (3D culture).
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Affiliation(s)
- Laetitia Frank
- Laboratoire de Recherches sur les Macromolécules, CNRS FRE 2314, Université Paris 13, 93430 Villetaneuse, France.
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Young Oh T, Ok Ahn B, Jung Jang E, Sang Park J, Jong Park S, Wook Baik H, Hahm KB. Accelerated Ulcer Healing and Resistance to Ulcer Recurrence with Gastroprotectants in Rat Model of Acetic Acid-induced Gastric Ulcer. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2011; 42:204-14. [PMID: 18545642 PMCID: PMC2386523 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.2008030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2006] [Accepted: 10/26/2006] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Quality of ulcer healing (QOUH) is defined as ideal ulcer healing featuring with the fine granular ulcer scar, high functional restoration and the resistance to recurrence. This study was designed to compare the rates of QOUH achievement in rat gastric ulcer model between acid suppressant treated group and gastroprotectant treated group accompanied with elucidations of molecular mechanisms. Serosal injection of acetic acids for generating gastric ulcer and intraperitoneal (ip) injection of recombinant interleukin 1-beta (IL-1β) for recurring healed ulcer was done in SD rats. The 72 rats were divided into three groups according to treatment as follows; Group I, no further treatment, Group II, 8 weeks treatment of omeprazole, and Group III, 8 weeks of gastroprotectant treatment. IL-1β was administered for ulcer recurrence after 28 weeks of acetic acid injection. At four weeks after gastric ulcerogenesis, 58.3% (7/12) of active gastric ulcer were converted to healing stage in Group III, but 16.7% (2/12) in Group II and none in Group I, for which significant levels of epidermal growth factor, mucin, and pS2/trefoil peptide1 were contributive to these accelerated healings of Group III. ip injections of rIL-1β (200 µg/kg) at 28 weeks after acetic acid injection led to 100% of ulcer recurrence in Group I and 75.0% in Group II, but only 16.7% of Group III rats showed ulcer recurrence. Significantly attenuated levels of inflammatory cytokines including IL-2, transforming growth factor-alpha (TNF-α), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), nitrotyrosine were responsible for the resistance to ulcer recurrence in Group III. Conclusively, gastroprotectant might be prerequisite in order to achieve ideal QOUH through significant inductions of remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae Young Oh
- Dong A Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Yongin 130-708, Korea
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Takayama S, Murakami S, Nozaki T, Ikezawa K, Miki Y, Asano T, Terashima A, Okada H. Expression of receptors for basic fibroblast growth factor on human periodontal ligament cells. J Periodontal Res 2010. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0765.1998.tb02325.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Morais JM, Papadimitrakopoulos F, Burgess DJ. Biomaterials/tissue interactions: possible solutions to overcome foreign body response. AAPS J 2010; 12:188-96. [PMID: 20143194 PMCID: PMC2844517 DOI: 10.1208/s12248-010-9175-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 334] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2009] [Accepted: 01/12/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, a variety of biomaterial implantable devices has been developed. Of particular significance to pharmaceutical sciences is the progress made on the development of drug/implantable device combination products. However, the clinical application of these devices is still a critical issue due to the host response, which results from both the tissue trauma during implantation and the presence of the device in the body. Accordingly, the in vivo functionality and durability of any implantable device can be compromised by the body response to the foreign material. Numerous strategies to overcome negative body reactions have been reported. The aim of this review is to outline some key issues of biomaterial/tissue interactions such as foreign body response and biocompatibility and biocompatibility assessment. In addition, general approaches used to overcome the in vivo instability of implantable devices are presented, including (a) biocompatible material coatings, (b) steroidal and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and (c) angiogenic drugs. In particular, strategies to overcome host response to glucose biosensors are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline M. Morais
- />Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Connecticut, 69 North Eagleville Road, Storrs, Connecticut 06269 USA
| | | | - Diane J. Burgess
- />Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Connecticut, 69 North Eagleville Road, Storrs, Connecticut 06269 USA
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Jabbour HN, Sales KJ, Catalano RD, Norman JE. Inflammatory pathways in female reproductive health and disease. Reproduction 2009; 138:903-19. [PMID: 19793840 DOI: 10.1530/rep-09-0247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 220] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation involves alterations to vascular and immune cell function. It is well recognised that many physiological reproductive events such as ovulation, menstruation, implantation and onset of labour display hallmark signs of inflammation. These are orchestrated by specific molecular pathways involving a host of growth factors, cytokines, chemokines and lipid mediators. Resumption of normal reproductive function involves prompt and proper resolution of these inflammatory pathways. Recent literature confirms that resolution of inflammatory pathways involves specific biochemical events that are activated to re-establish homeostasis in the affected tissue. Moreover, initiation and maintenance of inflammatory pathways are the key components of many pathologies of the reproductive tract and elsewhere in the body. The onset of reproductive disorders or disease may be the result of exacerbated activation and maintenance of inflammatory pathways or their dysregulated resolution. This review will address the role of inflammatory events in normal reproductive function and its pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry N Jabbour
- MRC Human Reproductive Sciences Unit Reproductive and Developmental Sciences, Queen's Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK.
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Persistent inflammation and angiogenesis during wound healing in K14-directed Hoxb13 transgenic mice. J Invest Dermatol 2009; 130:856-65. [PMID: 19759546 DOI: 10.1038/jid.2009.305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Chronic, nonhealing wounds and inadequate tissue repair characterized by excessive fibrosis continue to have a considerable negative effect on health and quality of life. Understanding the molecular events required for adequate healing, including the transcriptional control of wound repair, will be important for the development of future therapies. We previously showed that loss of Hoxb13 from murine skin results in enhanced cutaneous wound healing, suggesting that Hoxb13 has a negative effect on wound repair. To test this, we generated skin-specific Hoxb13 transgenic (TG) mice that overexpress Hoxb13 in the basal layer of the epidermis by the human keratin 14 promoter. Using these mice, we evaluated the effects of Hoxb13 overexpression on cutaneous wound healing. Transgenic wounds were characterized by persistence of the fibrin clot and prolonged inflammation. Notably, neutrophils, which had cleared from wild-type wounds, were still pronounced in TG wounds. Marked epidermal hyperplasia was observed at TG wound edges, and dermal vessels were grossly abnormal compared with wild-type mice. Both vascular endothelial growth factor and tumor necrosis factor-alpha were upregulated in Hoxb13 TG skin. Together, our results identify Hoxb13 as a potential important clinical target in wound healing and other pathologies characterized by abnormal or excessive inflammation, angiogenesis, or epidermal proliferation.
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Onuki Y, Bhardwaj U, Papadimitrakopoulos F, Burgess DJ. A review of the biocompatibility of implantable devices: current challenges to overcome foreign body response. J Diabetes Sci Technol 2008; 2:1003-15. [PMID: 19885290 PMCID: PMC2769826 DOI: 10.1177/193229680800200610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 213] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, a variety of devices (drug-eluting stents, artificial organs, biosensors, catheters, scaffolds for tissue engineering, heart valves, etc.) have been developed for implantation into patients. However, when such devices are implanted into the body, the body can react to these in a number of different ways. These reactions can result in an unexpected risk for patients. Therefore, it is important to assess and optimize the biocompatibility of implantable devices. To date, numerous strategies have been investigated to overcome body reactions induced by the implantation of devices. This review focuses on the foreign body response and the approaches that have been taken to overcome this. The biological response following device implantation and the methods for biocompatibility evaluation are summarized. Then the risks of implantable devices and the challenges to overcome these problems are introduced. Specifically, the challenges used to overcome the functional loss of glucose sensors, restenosis after stent implantation, and calcification induced by implantable devices are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshinori Onuki
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut
| | - Upkar Bhardwaj
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut
| | | | - Diane J. Burgess
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut
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Durani P, Occleston N, O'Kane S, Ferguson MWJ. Avotermin: A Novel Antiscarring Agent. INT J LOW EXTR WOUND 2008; 7:160-8. [DOI: 10.1177/1534734608322983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Published literature shows that both physicians and their patients are highly concerned about scarring, even relatively minor scars and those that can be concealed by clothing. Furthermore, both patients and their physicians value any opportunities to improve or minimize scarring. While a range of treatment paradigms have been evaluated, no single therapy has been adopted as a universally accepted standard of care and, currently, there are no marketed pharmaceuticals for the prophylactic reduction of scarring. Many of the available treatments are used empirically and most have not been evaluated in robust prospective, randomized, controlled clinical trials. To address this unmet medical need, translational research into the molecular mechanisms of scarring has led to the discovery and commercial development of a new class of prophylactic medicines that promote the regeneration of normal skin and improve scar appearance. Avotermin, the first agent identified in this class, is the clinical application of human recombinant transforming growth factor β3 (TGFβ3), a key protein involved in scar-free healing observed in embryos. Controlled, double-blind, randomized phase I/II clinical studies have shown that avotermin, administered as an intradermal injection at the time of surgery, leads to both short-term and longer-term (at ≥12 months) improvements in the appearance of scars compared with placebo and standard wound care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piyush Durani
- Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, Manchester, United
Kingdom, Renovo Manchester, United Kingdom, Manchester, United
Kingdom
| | - Nick Occleston
- Renovo Manchester, United Kingdom, Manchester, United
Kingdom
| | - Sharon O'Kane
- Renovo Manchester, United Kingdom, Manchester, United
Kingdom
| | - Mark W. J. Ferguson
- Faculty of Life Sciences University of Manchester, Manchester,
United Kingdom, Renovo, Manchester, United Kingdom,
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Choi W, Kawanabe H, Sawa Y, Taniguchi K, Ishikawa H. Effects of bFGF on suppression of collagen type I accumulation and scar tissue formation during wound healing after mucoperiosteal denudation of rat palate. Acta Odontol Scand 2008; 66:31-7. [PMID: 18320416 DOI: 10.1080/00016350701884612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) on collagen changes after mucoperiosteal denudation of rat palate. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 36 male Wistar rats were divided into control, scar, sham, and bFGF groups. In the scar, sham, and bFGF groups, lateral palatal mucoperiosteum was excised to form scar tissue on the palate. In the bFGF group, bFGF solution was injected into the operated area 1 week postoperatively. At 6 weeks postoperatively, the distribution of collagen type I and the 3-dimensional structure of collagen fibers were investigated under immunofluorescent and scanning electron microscopy. RESULT In the bFGF group, weakly immunostained submucosa was clearly distinguishable from the strongly immunostained cervical periodontal ligament and gingiva. Collagen fibers running from submucosal tissue into the surface of underlying palatal bone comprised loosely arranged collagen fibrils. Lumen structures in collagen fibers resembled those in the control group. CONCLUSION Administration of bFGF for suppression of collagen type I generation could suppress scar tissue formation and reduce connective strength with adjacent teeth and palatal bone.
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Franz MG, Steed DL, Robson MC. Optimizing healing of the acute wound by minimizing complications. Curr Probl Surg 2007; 44:691-763. [PMID: 18036992 DOI: 10.1067/j.cpsurg.2007.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael G Franz
- University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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Gordon PL, Vannier E, Hamada K, Layne J, Hurley BF, Roubenoff R, Castaneda-Sceppa C. Resistance training alters cytokine gene expression in skeletal muscle of adults with type 2 diabetes. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2007; 19:739-49. [PMID: 17166396 DOI: 10.1177/039463200601900404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Resistance training results in muscle hypertrophy and improves glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes. Whether resistance training modulates inflammation in muscles of diabetic patients remains unknown. We examined the expression of genes encoding the cytokines, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) and transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) as well as the pan-leukocyte marker CD18. Thirty men and women (67+/-7 years) were randomized to either 16 weeks of resistance training and usual diabetes care (EX) or to usual diabetes care only (CON). Muscle biopsies were obtained from the vastus lateralis muscle prior to the 16-week intervention, and 72 h following the maximal strength test post-intervention. Fiber cross-sectional area (CSA) was determined following ATPase staining. Cytokine and CD18 transcript levels were assessed by real-time PCR. Resistance training increased CSA of type I and II fibers (both P <0.05) and IL-1beta transcript levels (P = 0.05). TNF-alpha (P<0.05) and TGF-beta1 transcripts (P<0.05) increased over time in the EX group, but these increases did not differ from those in the CON group. In both groups, the increase in CD18 transcripts remained minimal. The two groups differ by the relationship between changes in CD18 and changes in cytokine transcripts, suggesting that resistance training affects the source of cytokines in muscle. Our studies establish that resistance training in older adults with type 2 diabetes results in muscle fiber hypertrophy, despite a greater accumulation of inflammatory cytokine transcripts in muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- P L Gordon
- Nutrition, Exercise Physiology and Sarcopenia Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
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Drolsum L, Willoch C, Nicolaissen B. Use of amniotic membrane as an adjuvant in refractory glaucoma. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 84:786-9. [PMID: 17083539 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0420.2006.00730.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the results after amnion-shielded trabeculectomy with concomitant use of mitomycin C. METHODS The study comprised patients with severely refractory glaucomas who had previously undergone two or more regular trabeculectomies with mitomycin C and, in one case, cyclodestructive cryotherapy. The patients were admitted for surgery between May 2003 and May 2004. Trabeculectomy was performed through a limbus-based incision in nine eyes of nine patients. Cryopreserved human amniotic membranes obtained from our biobank were impregnated with 0.4 mg/ml mitomycin C and washed for 2 mins in balanced salt solution. One membrane was sutured to the scleral surface and partly positioned under the scleral flap, and another was secured to subconjunctival tissue. RESULTS The mean preoperative intraocular pressure (IOP) was 32.2 mmHg (range 22-44 mmHg). After a follow-up of 6-18 months (mean 9.8 months), the mean IOP was 16.4 mmHg (range 11-26 mmHg). The mean number of glaucoma medications was reduced from 2.4 preoperatively to 1.4 postoperatively. There were no devastating complications. CONCLUSIONS Amnion-shielded trabeculectomy is a procedure that should be evaluated as an option in refractory glaucoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liv Drolsum
- Department of Ophthalmology, Centre of Eye Research, Ullevål University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
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Curran JN, Winter DC, Bouchier-Hayes D. Biological fate and clinical implications of arginine metabolism in tissue healing. Wound Repair Regen 2007; 14:376-86. [PMID: 16939563 DOI: 10.1111/j.1743-6109.2006.00151.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Since its discovery in 1987, many biological roles (including wound healing) have been identified for nitric oxide (NO). The gas is produced by NO synthase using the dibasic amino acid L-arginine as a substrate. It has been established that a lack of dietary L-arginine delays experimental wound healing. Arginine can also be metabolized to urea and ornithine by arginase-1, a pathway that generates L-proline, a substrate for collagen synthesis, and polyamines, which stimulate cellular proliferation. Herein, we review subjects of interest in arginine metabolism, with emphasis on the biochemistry of wound NO production, relative NO synthase isoform activity in healing wounds, cellular contributions to NO production, and NO effects and mechanisms of action in wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- John N Curran
- Department of Surgery, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.
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Fan VH, Tamama K, Au A, Littrell R, Richardson LB, Wright JW, Wells A, Griffith LG. Tethered epidermal growth factor provides a survival advantage to mesenchymal stem cells. Stem Cells 2007; 25:1241-51. [PMID: 17234993 DOI: 10.1634/stemcells.2006-0320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 206] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
MSC can act as a pluripotent source of reparative cells during injury and therefore have great potential in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering. However, the response of MSC to many growth factors and cytokines is unknown. Many envisioned applications of MSC, such as treating large defects in bone, involve in vivo implantation of MSC attached to a scaffold, a process that creates an acute inflammatory environment that may be hostile to MSC survival. Here, we investigated cellular responses of MSC on a biomaterial surface covalently modified with epidermal growth factor (EGF). We found that surface-tethered EGF promotes both cell spreading and survival more strongly than saturating concentrations of soluble EGF. By sustaining mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase-extracellular-regulated kinase signaling, tethered EGF increases the contact of MSC with an otherwise moderately adhesive synthetic polymer and confers resistance to cell death induced by the proinflammatory cytokine, Fas ligand. We concluded that tethered EGF may offer a protective advantage to MSC in vivo during acute inflammatory reactions to tissue engineering scaffolds. The tethered EGF-modified polymers described here could be used together with structural materials to construct MSC scaffolds for the treatment of hard-tissue lesions, such as large bony defects. Disclosure of potential conflicts of interest is found at the end of this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivian H Fan
- Departments of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
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Abstract
Neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis is the second most common cause of morbidity in premature infants and requires intensive care over an extended period. Despite advances in medical and surgical techniques, the mortality and long-term morbidity due to necrotizing enterocolitis remain very high. Recent advances have shifted the attention of researchers from the classic triad (ischemia, bacteria, and the introduction of a metabolic substrate into the intestine) of necrotizing enterocolitis, to gut maturation, feeding practices, and inflammation. The focus on inflammation includes proinflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-18, and platelet-activating factor. Research related to the etiology of necrotizing enterocolitis has moved quickly from clostridial toxin to bacterial and other infectious agents. More recently, the pattern of bacterial colonization has been given emphasis rather than the particular species or strain of bacteria or their virulence. Gram-negative bacteria that form part of the normal flora are now speculated as important factors in triggering the injury process in a setting where there is a severe paucity of bacterial species and possible lack of protective Gram-positive organisms. Although the incidence of necrotizing enterocolitis has increased because of the survival of low birthweight infants, clinicians are more vigilant in their detection of the early gastrointestinal symptoms of necrotizing enterocolitis; however, radiographic demonstration of pneumatosis intestinalis remains the hallmark of necrotizing enterocolitis. With prompt diagnosis, a large proportion of infants with necrotizing enterocolitis are now able to be managed medically with intravenous fluid and nutrition, nasogastric suction, antibacterials, and close monitoring of physiologic parameters. In the advanced cases that require surgery, clinicians tend to opt for either simple peritoneal drainage (for very small and sick infants) or laparotomy and resection of the affected part. Intestinal transplantation later in life is available as a viable option for those who undergo resection of large segments of the intestine. It is becoming more evident that treatment of this devastating disease is expensive and comes with the toll of significant long-term sequelae. This has resulted in renewed interest in designing alternative strategies to prevent this serious gastrointestinal disease. Simple trophic feeding and the use of L-glutamine and arginine are novel avenues that have been examined. The use of probiotics ('friendly' bacterial flora) has been introduced as a promising tool for establishing healthy bacterial flora in the newborn gut to block the injury process that may ultimately lead to necrotizing enterocolitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pinaki Panigrahi
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA.
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Moldauer I, Velez I, Kuttler S. Upregulation of Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor in Human Periapical Lesions. J Endod 2006; 32:408-11. [PMID: 16631837 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2005.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2005] [Accepted: 11/08/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Basic fibroblast growth factor is one of a class of heparin-binding growth factors that stimulates endothelial cell proliferation and migration in vitro and angiogenesis in vivo. The purpose of this study was to investigate the expression of basic fibroblast growth factor in chronic periapical lesions of endodontic origin. Ten chronic inflammatory periapical lesions were examined using immunohistochemical staining. The experimental control group consisted of four specimens of uninflamed periodontal ligament tissue. Two independent observers graded the staining intensity for basic fibroblast growth factor. An immunopositive, cytoplasmic, and nuclear reaction for basic fibroblast growth factor, with varying degrees of upregulation was observed in all 10 chronic periapical lesions. We speculate that the formation of granulation tissue and the activation of epithelial cell rests in chronical apical lesions might be associated with a local rise in the tissue level of basic fibroblast growth factor. Therefore, this growth factor could play an important role in the pathogenesis of chronic apical periodontitis and periapical cysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Moldauer
- Department of Endodontics, Nova Southeastern, University College of Dental Medicine, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33328, USA
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50
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Busti AJ, Hooper JS, Amaya CJ, Kazi S. Effects of perioperative antiinflammatory and immunomodulating therapy on surgical wound healing. Pharmacotherapy 2006; 25:1566-91. [PMID: 16232020 DOI: 10.1592/phco.2005.25.11.1566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Patients with various rheumatologic and inflammatory disease states commonly require drugs known to decrease the inflammatory or autoimmune response for adequate control of their condition. Such drugs include nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 inhibitors, corticosteroids, disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs), and biologic response modifiers. These drugs affect inflammation and local immune responses, which are necessary for proper wound healing in the perioperative setting, thereby potentially resulting in undesirable postoperative complications. Such complications include wound dehiscence, infection, and impaired collagen synthesis. The end result is delayed healing of soft tissue and bone wounds. The current literature provides insight into the effect of some of these drugs on wound healing. For certain drugs, such as methotrexate, trials have been conducted in humans and direct us on what to do during the perioperative period. Whereas with other drugs, we must rely on either small-animal studies or extrapolation of data from human studies that did not specifically look at wound healing. Unfortunately, no clear consensus exists on the need and optimum time for withholding therapy before surgery. Likewise, clinicians are often uncertain of the appropriate time to resume therapy after the procedure. For those drugs with limited or no data in this setting, the use of pharmacokinetic properties and biologic effects of each drug should be considered individually. In some cases, discontinuation of therapy may be required up to 4 weeks before surgery because of the long half-lives of the drugs. In doing so, patients may experience an exacerbation or worsening of disease. Clinicians must carefully evaluate individual patient risk factors, disease severity, and the pharmacokinetics of available therapies when weighing the risks and benefits of discontinuing therapy in the perioperative setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony J Busti
- Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center School of Pharmacy, Dallas-Ft. Worth Regional Campus, Dallas, Texas 75216, USA.
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