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Zhao WJ, Tan RZ, Gao J, Su H, Wang L, Liu J. Research on the global trends of COVID-19 associated acute kidney injury: a bibliometric analysis. Ren Fail 2024; 46:2338484. [PMID: 38832469 PMCID: PMC11262241 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2024.2338484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Critically ill COVID-19 patients may exhibit various clinical symptoms of renal dysfunction including severe Acute Kidney Injury (AKI). Currently, there is a lack of bibliometric analyses on COVID-19-related AKI. The aim of this study is to provide an overview of the current research status and hot topics regarding COVID-19 AKI. The literature was retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) database. Subsequently, we utilized Microsoft Excel, VOSviewer, Citespace, and Pajek software to revealed the current research status, emerging topics, and developmental trends pertaining to COVID-19 AKI. This study encompassed a total of 1507 studies on COVID-19 AKI. The United States, China, and Italy emerged as the leading three countries in terms of publication numbers, contributing 498 (33.05%), 229 (15.20%), and 140 (9.29%) studies, respectively. The three most active and influential institutions include Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan University and Harvard Medical School. Ronco C from Italy, holds the record for the highest number of publications, with a total of 15 papers authored. Cheng YC's work from China has garnered the highest number of citations, totaling 470 citations. The co-occurrence analysis of author keywords reveals that 'mortality', 'intensive care units', 'chronic kidney disease', 'nephrology', 'renal transplantation', 'acute respiratory distress syndrome', and 'risk factors' emerge as the primary areas of focus within the realm of COVID-19 AKI. In summary, this study analyzes the research trends in the field of COVID-19 AKI, providing a reference for further exploration and research on COVID-19 AKI mechanisms and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-jing Zhao
- Department of Nephrology of the Affiliated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southwest Medical University
- Research Center of Intergated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Rui-zhi Tan
- Research Center of Intergated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Jing Gao
- Department of Nephrology of the Affiliated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southwest Medical University
- Research Center of Intergated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Hongwei Su
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Li Wang
- Research Center of Intergated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Jian Liu
- Department of Nephrology of the Affiliated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southwest Medical University
- Department of Nephrology of the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University
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Antunes ASLM, Reis-de-Oliveira G, Martins-de-Souza D. Molecular overlaps of neurological manifestations of COVID-19 and schizophrenia from a proteomic perspective. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2024:10.1007/s00406-024-01842-8. [PMID: 39028452 DOI: 10.1007/s00406-024-01842-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
COVID-19, a complex multisystem disorder affecting the central nervous system, can also have psychiatric sequelae. In addition, clinical evidence indicates that a diagnosis of a schizophrenia spectrum disorder is a risk factor for mortality in patients with COVID-19. In this study, we aimed to explore brain-specific molecular aspects of COVID-19 by using a proteomic approach. We analyzed the brain proteome of fatal COVID-19 cases and compared it with differentially regulated proteins found in postmortem schizophrenia brains. The COVID-19 proteomic dataset revealed a strong enrichment of proteins expressed by glial and neuronal cells and processes related to diseases with a psychiatric and neurodegenerative component. Specifically, the COVID-19 brain proteome enriches processes that are hallmark features of schizophrenia. Furthermore, we identified shared and distinct molecular pathways affected in both conditions. We found that brain ageing processes are likely present in both COVID-19 and schizophrenia, albeit possibly driven by distinct processes. In addition, alterations in brain cell metabolism were observed, with schizophrenia primarily impacting amino acid metabolism and COVID-19 predominantly affecting carbohydrate metabolism. The enrichment of metabolic pathways associated with astrocytic components in both conditions suggests the involvement of this cell type in the pathogenesis. Both COVID-19 and schizophrenia influenced neurotransmitter systems, but with distinct impacts. Future studies exploring the underlying mechanisms linking brain ageing and metabolic dysregulation may provide valuable insights into the complex pathophysiology of these conditions and the increased vulnerability of schizophrenia patients to severe outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- André S L M Antunes
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory (LNBio), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, Brazil.
| | | | - Daniel Martins-de-Souza
- Laboratory of Neuroproteomics, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil.
- D'or Institute for Research and Education, São Paulo, Brazil.
- Experimental Medicine Research Cluster (EMRC), Estate University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil.
- INCT in Modelling Human Complex Diseases with 3D Platforms (Model3D), INCT in Modelling Human Complex Diseases with 3D Platforms (Model3D), São Paulo, Brazil.
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3
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Krogulec D, Bieńkowski C, Kowalska JD, Bednarska A, Wojtycha-Kwaśnica B, Jurek N, Ząbek P, Czeszko-Paprocka H, Mrozińska M, Paciorek M, Pihowicz A, Horban A. Cardiovascular complications in the course of COVID-19 - lessons learned and implications for the future care of patients with viral respiratory diseases: Data from a single center retrospective observational study. Heart Lung 2024; 68:116-125. [PMID: 38944910 DOI: 10.1016/j.hrtlng.2024.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Factors associated with cardiovascular complications of COVID-19 remain understudied. OBJECTIVES Here we investigate the occurrence and risk factors of arrythmias, myocardial infarction and/or stroke, and thromboembolism in the course of COVID-19. METHODS We have performed an observational study with prospectively designed data collection. Data of patients diagnosed with COVID-19 who were admitted from March 6th 2020 to November 30th 2021 in our Hospital were analyzed. Logistic regression was used to identify variables associated with the odds of early hospital death due to COVID-19. RESULTS Fourteen-point three percent of 1964 patients had cardiovascular complications, 6.36 % arrhythmias, 5.5 % thromboembolic events and 2.39 % myocardial infarction and/or stroke. Factors independently increasing the odds of arrhythmia were older age (OR=1.49 [95 % CI: 1.17-1.92], p = 0.02), longer time between admission and the first onset of symptoms (1.02 [0.99-1.05], p = 0.049), concomitant atrial fibrillation/flutter (2.84 [1.37-5.70], p = 0.004), nicotinism (2.49 [1.37-4.49], p = 0.002), and eGFR<60 ml/min/1.73m2 (2.44 [1.08-5.59], p = 0.033). Factors independently increasing the odds of myocardial infarction and/or stroke were dementia (4.55 [0.97-19.3], p = 0.044), hemiplegia (12.67 [3.12-46.1], p < 0.001), nicotinism (3.36 [1.30-10.4], p = 0.013) and higher C-reactive protein concentration (1.01 [1.00-1.01], p = 0.040). Factors independently increasing the odds of thromboembolic events were longer hospitalization (1.08 [1.05-1.10], p < 0.001) and higher d-dimers (1.04 [1.02-1.05], <0.001). CONCLUSIONS The risk of cardiovascular complications was especially pronounced in patients with older age, pre-existing cardiovascular disease and more sever pneumonia at presentation to care. This underlines the importance of close and careful clinical follow-up in the course of COVID-19 for specific patients' populations, including a pro-active approach in diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominika Krogulec
- Department of Adults' Infectious Diseases, Medical University of Warsaw, 01-201 Warsaw, Poland; Hospital for Infectious Diseases in Warsaw, 01-201 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Carlo Bieńkowski
- Department of Adults' Infectious Diseases, Medical University of Warsaw, 01-201 Warsaw, Poland; Hospital for Infectious Diseases in Warsaw, 01-201 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Justyna D Kowalska
- Department of Adults' Infectious Diseases, Medical University of Warsaw, 01-201 Warsaw, Poland; Hospital for Infectious Diseases in Warsaw, 01-201 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Bednarska
- Department of Adults' Infectious Diseases, Medical University of Warsaw, 01-201 Warsaw, Poland; Hospital for Infectious Diseases in Warsaw, 01-201 Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Natalia Jurek
- Hospital for Infectious Diseases in Warsaw, 01-201 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Ząbek
- Hospital for Infectious Diseases in Warsaw, 01-201 Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Monika Mrozińska
- Hospital for Infectious Diseases in Warsaw, 01-201 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marcin Paciorek
- Department of Adults' Infectious Diseases, Medical University of Warsaw, 01-201 Warsaw, Poland; Hospital for Infectious Diseases in Warsaw, 01-201 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Andrzej Pihowicz
- Hospital for Infectious Diseases in Warsaw, 01-201 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Andrzej Horban
- Department of Adults' Infectious Diseases, Medical University of Warsaw, 01-201 Warsaw, Poland; Hospital for Infectious Diseases in Warsaw, 01-201 Warsaw, Poland
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Taheri A, Naderi M, Jonaidi Jafari N, Emadi Koochak H, Saberi Esfeedvajani M, Abolghasemi R. Therapeutic effects of olfactory training and systemic vitamin A in patients with COVID-19-related olfactory dysfunction: a double-blinded randomized controlled clinical trial. Braz J Otorhinolaryngol 2024; 90:101451. [PMID: 38972284 PMCID: PMC11263941 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjorl.2024.101451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The new corona virus infection, has a wide range of clinical manifestations. Fever and cough are the most common symptoms. The olfactory function may be also affected with COVID-19. In this randomized clinical trial, we wanted to evaluate the therapeutic effect of olfactory training with and without oral vitamin A for COVID-19-related olfactory dysfunction. METHODS Patients answered to the standard Persian version of anosmia reporting tool and performed the quick smell test before and after 12 weeks and at the end of the 12 months follow up. The patients were randomly allocated to three groups; Group A treatment with olfactory training, Group B treatment with oral vitamin A and olfactory training, and Group C as control group which only underwent nasal irrigation twice a day. Patients were treated for 3 months and followed up for 12 months. RESULTS Totally 90 patients were included in three groups. After interventions, 76.9% of patients in Group A, 86.7% of patients in Group B, and 26.7% of patients in Group C completely improved. The average intervention time was statistically significant in relationship with the final olfactory status of the patients in the 12 months follow-up. The olfactory training has significantly improved the smell alteration at the end of 3- and 12- months follow-up in A and B groups. CONCLUSION A three-months olfactory training is effective for improvement of COVID-19-related olfactory dysfunction. Adding daily oral vitamin A to olfactory training did not lead to better results in improving olfactory dysfunction. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Step 2 (Level 2*): Randomized trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abolfazl Taheri
- New Hearing Technologies Research Center, Clinical Sciences Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Naderi
- New Hearing Technologies Research Center, Clinical Sciences Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nematollah Jonaidi Jafari
- Military Health Research Center, Life Style Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Emadi Koochak
- Department of Infectious Disease and Tropical Medicine, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Saberi Esfeedvajani
- Medicine, Quran and Hadith Research Center, Department of Community Medicine, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reyhaneh Abolghasemi
- New Hearing Technologies Research Center, Clinical Sciences Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Salvio AL, Fernandes RA, Ferreira HFA, Duarte LA, Gutman EG, Raposo-Vedovi JV, Filho CHFR, da Costa Nunes Pimentel Coelho WL, Passos GF, Andraus MEC, da Costa Gonçalves JP, Cavalcanti MG, Amaro MP, Kader R, de Andrade Medronho R, Figueiredo CP, Amado-Leon LA, Alves-Leon SV. High Levels of NfL, GFAP, TAU, and UCH-L1 as Potential Predictor Biomarkers of Severity and Lethality in Acute COVID-19. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:3545-3558. [PMID: 37996731 PMCID: PMC11087339 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03803-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Few studies showed that neurofilament light chain (NfL), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), total tubulin-associated unit (TAU), and ubiquitin carboxy-terminal hydrolase-L1 (UCH-L1) may be related to neurological manifestations and severity during and after SARS-CoV-2 infection. The objective of this work was to investigate the relationship among nervous system biomarkers (NfL, TAU, GFAP, and UCH-L1), biochemical parameters, and viral loads with heterogeneous outcomes in a cohort of severe COVID-19 patients admitted in Intensive Care Unit (ICU) of a university hospital. For that, 108 subjects were recruited within the first 5 days at ICU. In parallel, 16 mild COVID-19 patients were enrolled. Severe COVID-19 group was divided between "deceased" and "survivor." All subjects were positive for SARS-CoV-2 detection. NfL, total TAU, GFAP, and UCH-L1 quantification in plasma was performed using SIMOA SR-X platform. Of 108 severe patients, 36 (33.33%) presented neurological manifestation and 41 (37.96%) died. All four biomarkers - GFAP, NfL, TAU, and UCH-L1 - were significantly higher among deceased patients in comparison to survivors (p < 0.05). Analyzing biochemical biomarkers, higher Peak Serum Ferritin, D-Dimer Peak, Gamma-glutamyltransferase, and C-Reactive Protein levels were related to death (p < 0.0001). In multivariate analysis, GFAP, NfL, TAU, UCH-L1, and Peak Serum Ferritin levels were correlated to death. Regarding SARS-CoV-2 viral load, no statistical difference was observed for any group. Thus, Ferritin, NFL, GFAP, TAU, and UCH-L1 are early biomarkers of severity and lethality of SARS-COV-2 infection and may be important tools for therapeutic decision-making in the acute phase of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreza Lemos Salvio
- Laboratory of Translacional Neurosciences, Biomedical Institute, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro-UNIRIO, Rio de Janeiro, 22290-240, Brazil
| | - Renan Amphilophio Fernandes
- Laboratory of Translacional Neurosciences, Biomedical Institute, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro-UNIRIO, Rio de Janeiro, 22290-240, Brazil
| | - Helena França Alcaraz Ferreira
- Laboratory of Translacional Neurosciences, Biomedical Institute, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro-UNIRIO, Rio de Janeiro, 22290-240, Brazil
| | - Larissa Araujo Duarte
- Laboratory of Translacional Neurosciences, Biomedical Institute, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro-UNIRIO, Rio de Janeiro, 22290-240, Brazil
| | - Elisa Gouvea Gutman
- Laboratory of Translacional Neurosciences, Biomedical Institute, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro-UNIRIO, Rio de Janeiro, 22290-240, Brazil
| | - Jessica Vasques Raposo-Vedovi
- Laboratory of Translacional Neurosciences, Biomedical Institute, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro-UNIRIO, Rio de Janeiro, 22290-240, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Maria Emília Cosenza Andraus
- Clementino Fraga Filho University Hospital, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-901, Brazil
| | - João Paulo da Costa Gonçalves
- Laboratory of Translacional Neurosciences, Biomedical Institute, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro-UNIRIO, Rio de Janeiro, 22290-240, Brazil
| | - Marta Guimarães Cavalcanti
- Clementino Fraga Filho University Hospital, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-901, Brazil
- Epidemiology and Evaluation Service, Clementino Fraga Filho University Hospital, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-901, Brazil
| | - Marisa Pimentel Amaro
- Clementino Fraga Filho University Hospital, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-901, Brazil
- School of Medicine, Post-Graduate Program in Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-901, Brazil
| | - Rafael Kader
- Clementino Fraga Filho University Hospital, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-901, Brazil
- School of Medicine, Post-Graduate Program in Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-901, Brazil
| | - Roberto de Andrade Medronho
- Epidemiology and Evaluation Service, Clementino Fraga Filho University Hospital, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-901, Brazil
| | | | - Luciane Almeida Amado-Leon
- Clementino Fraga Filho University Hospital, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-901, Brazil.
| | - Soniza Vieira Alves-Leon
- Laboratory of Translacional Neurosciences, Biomedical Institute, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro-UNIRIO, Rio de Janeiro, 22290-240, Brazil.
- Clementino Fraga Filho University Hospital, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-901, Brazil.
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Bohra HR, Suthar OP, Rehana VR, Baskaran P, Nivedita A, Lakra PS, Raghav PR, Tandon A. Predictive ability of complete blood count, mean platelet ratio, mean platelet volume, and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio for severe pneumonia among RT-PCR or radiologically proven COVID-19 patients. J Family Med Prim Care 2024; 13:1856-1862. [PMID: 38948551 PMCID: PMC11213453 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1304_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Immuno-inflammatory markers related to white blood cells, and platelets are shown to be associated with COVID-19 infection, and considered to be independent markers for clinical outcomes and mortality. The present study aimed to study the predictive value of these hematologic parameters in progression of COVID-19 to severe pneumonia. Methods This was an analytical cross-sectional study conducted among RT-PCR or radiologically proven COVID-19 patients in a tertiary care hospital in Rajasthan. Semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect the epidemiological information of the patients with COVID-19. Complete blood count and other laboratory parameters were also studied among the patients. Results Mean age of participants in the study was 52 years, with about 70% being males. Cough and breathlessness were the most common symptoms among the patients. It was found that the parameters related to white blood cells were significantly different between patients with COVID-19 infection and severe pneumonia (except absolute monocyte count). NLR was significantly higher among those with severe pneumonia. In the univariate analysis, age (OR - 1.02), NLR (OR - 1.16), and albumin (OR - 0.45) were found to be significant predictors of progression to severe pneumonia. In the final model, adjusted for confounders, only NLR and albumin levels significantly predicted progression to severe pneumonia among COVID-19 patients. Conclusion The study consolidates the predictive ability of NLR for severe pneumonia. It is an important finding, as health facilities with limited access to laboratory investigations can rely on simple markers in routine practice to predict the progression of COVID-19 infection to severe pneumonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harishkumar R. Bohra
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Deoghar, Jharkhand, India
- Department of Pathology, Government Medical College (RAJMES), Pali, Rajasthan, India
| | - Om P. Suthar
- Department of Anesthesiology, Government Medical College (RJAMES), Pali, Rajasthan, India
| | - V R Rehana
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Pritish Baskaran
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - A Nivedita
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Prima Suchita Lakra
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Deoghar, Jharkhand, India
| | - Pankaja R. Raghav
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Ashwani Tandon
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
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7
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Fazlollahi A, Zahmatyar M, Shamekh A, Motamedi A, Seyedi F, Seyedmirzaei H, Mousavi SE, Nejadghaderi SA, Sullman MJM, Kolahi AA, Arshi S, Safiri S. Electroencephalographic findings post-COVID-19 vaccination: A systematic review of case reports and case series. Rev Med Virol 2023; 33:e2484. [PMID: 37807809 DOI: 10.1002/rmv.2484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
A number of different neurological complications have been reported following vaccination against the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Electroencephalogram (EEG) is one of the modalities used to evaluate the neurological complications of diseases. The aim of the present study was to identify the EEG changes in participants vaccinated against COVID-19. PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, medRxiv, and Google Scholar were searched up to 1 September 2022, with terms related to COVID-19 vaccines, EEG, neurological signs/symptoms, or neurological disorders. All case reports and case series were included if the participants had received at least one dose of a COVID-19 vaccine and a post vaccination EEG report was also reported. We used the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Critical Appraisal Checklist for case reports and case series to appraise the methodological quality of the included studies. Thirty-one studies were included, which were comprised of 24 case reports and seven case series and a total of 36 participants. Generalised slowing and non-convulsive focal status epilepticus were the most common EEG findings post-COVID-19 vaccination. The most frequent symptoms were headache, fatigue, generalised weakness, and vomiting. In addition, the most common signs were encephalopathy, post-ictal phases, and confusion. Encephalitis, acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, and post-vaccinal encephalopathy were the most commonly diagnosed adverse events. Furthermore, most of the imaging studies appeared normal. The EEG reports mainly showed background slowing and epileptiform discharges, encephalitis, encephalopathies, and demyelinating disorders. Future studies with larger samples and more vaccine types may help to further unravel the potential neurological effects of COVID-19 vaccinations on recipients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asra Fazlollahi
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Neurosciences Research Center, Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mahdi Zahmatyar
- Neurosciences Research Center, Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ali Shamekh
- Neurosciences Research Center, Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Alireza Motamedi
- Neurosciences Research Center, Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Seyedi
- Neurosciences Research Center, Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Homa Seyedmirzaei
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Interdisciplinary Neuroscience Research Program (INRP), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Ehsan Mousavi
- Neurosciences Research Center, Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases Research Centre, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Seyed Aria Nejadghaderi
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
- Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Expert Group (SRMEG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mark J M Sullman
- Department of Life and Health Sciences, University of Nicosia, Nicosia, Cyprus
- Department of Social Sciences, University of Nicosia, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Ali-Asghar Kolahi
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahnam Arshi
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeid Safiri
- Neurosciences Research Center, Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Clinical Research Development Unit of Tabriz Valiasr Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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8
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Mohan A, Iyer VA, Kumar D, Batra L, Dahiya P. Navigating the Post-COVID-19 Immunological Era: Understanding Long COVID-19 and Immune Response. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:2121. [PMID: 38004261 PMCID: PMC10672162 DOI: 10.3390/life13112121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has affected the world unprecedentedly, with both positive and negative impacts. COVID-19 significantly impacted the immune system, and understanding the immunological consequences of COVID-19 is essential for developing effective treatment strategies. The purpose of this review is to comprehensively explore and provide insights into the immunological aspects of long COVID-19, a phenomenon where individuals continue to experience a range of symptoms and complications, even after the acute phase of COVID-19 infection has subsided. The immune system responds to the initial infection by producing various immune cells and molecules, including antibodies, T cells, and cytokines. However, in some patients, this immune response becomes dysregulated, leading to chronic inflammation and persistent symptoms. Long COVID-19 encompasses diverse persistent symptoms affecting multiple organ systems, including the respiratory, cardiovascular, neurological, and gastrointestinal systems. In the post-COVID-19 immunological era, long COVID-19 and its impact on immune response have become a significant concern. Post-COVID-19 immune pathology, including autoimmunity and immune-mediated disorders, has also been reported in some patients. This review provides an overview of the current understanding of long COVID-19, its relationship to immunological responses, and the impact of post-COVID-19 immune pathology on patient outcomes. Additionally, the review addresses the current and potential treatments for long COVID-19, including immunomodulatory therapies, rehabilitation programs, and mental health support, all of which aim to improve the quality of life for individuals with long COVID-19. Understanding the complex interplay between the immune system and long COVID-19 is crucial for developing targeted therapeutic strategies and providing optimal care in the post-COVID-19 era.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditi Mohan
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida Sector-125, Noida 201313, Uttar Pradesh, India; (A.M.); (V.A.I.)
| | - Venkatesh Anand Iyer
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida Sector-125, Noida 201313, Uttar Pradesh, India; (A.M.); (V.A.I.)
| | - Dharmender Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, Deenbandhu Chhotu Ram University of Science &Technology, Murthal, Sonipat 131309, Haryana, India;
| | - Lalit Batra
- Regional Biocontainment Laboratory, Center for Predictive Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40222, USA
| | - Praveen Dahiya
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida Sector-125, Noida 201313, Uttar Pradesh, India; (A.M.); (V.A.I.)
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Goswami A, Kumar M, Ullah S, Gore MM. De novo design of anti-variant COVID-19 vaccine. Biol Methods Protoc 2023; 8:bpad021. [PMID: 37854896 PMCID: PMC10580973 DOI: 10.1093/biomethods/bpad021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies highlight the effectiveness of hybrid Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccines combining wild-type nucleocapsid and Spike proteins. We have further enhanced this strategy by incorporating delta and omicron variants' spike protein mutations. Both delta and omicron mark the shifts in viral transmissibility and severity in unvaccinated and vaccinated patients. So their mutations are highly crucial for future viral variants also. Omicron is particularly adept at immune evasion by mutating spike epitopes. The rapid adaptations of Omicron and sub-variants to spike-based vaccines and simultaneous transmissibility underline the urgency for new vaccines in the continuous battle against SARS-CoV-2. Therefore, we have added three persistent T-cell-stimulating nucleocapsid peptides similar to homologous sequences from seasonal Human Coronaviruses (HuCoV) and an envelope peptide that elicits a strong T-cell immune response. These peptides are clustered in the hybrid spike's cytoplasmic region with non-immunogenic linkers, enabling systematic arrangement. AlphaFold (Artificial intelligence-based model building) analysis suggests omitting the transmembrane domain enhances these cytoplasmic epitopes' folding efficiency which can ensure persistent immunity for CD4+ structural epitopes. Further molecular dynamics simulations validate the compact conformation of the modeled structures and a flexible C-terminus region. Overall, the structures show stability and less conformational fluctuation throughout the simulation. Also, the AlphaFold predicted structural epitopes maintained their folds during simulation to ensure the specificity of CD4+ T-cell response after vaccination. Our proposed approach may provide options for incorporating diverse anti-viral T-cell peptides, similar to HuCoV, into linker regions. This versatility can be promising to address outbreaks and challenges posed by various viruses for effective management in this era of innovative vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpita Goswami
- Kshamalab, Leo’s Research Services and Suppliers, Mysuru 570016, India
| | - Madan Kumar
- Department of Chemistry-BMC Biochemistry, University of Uppsala, Uppsala 75237, Sweden
| | - Samee Ullah
- National Center for Bioinformatics (NCB), Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Milind M Gore
- 5/1B, Krutika Co-Op Housing Society, Kothrud, Pune 411039, India
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Hsiao CY, Pan HC, Wu VC, Su CC, Yeh TH, Chuang MH, Tu KC, Wang HY, Kan WC, Yang CC, Chen JY. Acute kidney injury in patients with COVID-19 compared to those with influenza: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1252990. [PMID: 37795409 PMCID: PMC10547056 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1252990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background COVID-19 and influenza can both lead to acute kidney injury (AKI) as a common complication. However, no meta-analysis has been conducted to directly compare the incidence of AKI between hospitalized patients with COVID-19 and influenza. The objective of our study aims to investigate the incidence and outcomes of AKI among hospitalized patients between these two groups. Materials and methods A systematic search of PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases was conducted from December 2019 to August 2023 to identify studies examining AKI and clinical outcomes among hospitalized patients with COVID-19 and influenza. The primary outcome of interest was the incidence of AKI, while secondary outcomes included in-hospital mortality, recovery from AKI, hospital and ICU stay duration. The quality of evidence was evaluated using Cochrane and GRADE methods. Results Twelve retrospective cohort studies, involving 17,618 hospitalized patients with COVID-19 and influenza, were analyzed. COVID-19 patients showed higher AKI incidence (29.37% vs. 20.98%, OR: 1.67, 95% CI 1.56-1.80, p < 0.01, I2 = 92.42%), and in-hospital mortality (30.95% vs. 5.51%, OR: 8.16, 95% CI 6.17-10.80, p < 0.01, I2 = 84.92%) compared to influenza patients with AKI. Recovery from AKI was lower in COVID-19 patients (57.02% vs., 80.23%, OR: 0.33, 95% CI 0.27-0.40, p < 0.01, I2 = 85.17%). COVID-19 patients also had a longer hospital stay (SMD: 0.69, 95% CI 0.65-0.72, p < 0.01, I2 = 98.94%) and longer ICU stay (SMD: 0.61, 95% CI 0.50-0.73, p < 0.01, I2 = 94.80%) than influenza patients. In our study, evidence quality was high (NOS score 7-9), with low certainty for AKI incidence and moderate certainty for recovery form AKI by GRADE assessment. Conclusion COVID-19 patients had higher risk of developing AKI, experiencing in-hospital mortality, and enduring prolonged hospital/ICU stays in comparison to influenza patients. Additionally, the likelihood of AKI recovery was lower among COVID-19 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiu-Ying Hsiao
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Heng-Chih Pan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keelung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelungi, Taiwan
- Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Community Medicine Research Center, Keelung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Vin-Cent Wu
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Chun Su
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Hsuan Yeh
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Min-Hsiang Chuang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Chieh Tu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Hsien-Yi Wang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Sport Management, College of Leisure and Recreation Management, Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chih Kan
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Chi Yang
- Division of Hepato-gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Jui-Yi Chen
- Department of Sport Management, College of Leisure and Recreation Management, Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Health and Nutrition, Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Tainan, Taiwan
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Charostad J, Rezaei Zadeh Rukerd M, Shahrokhi A, Aghda FA, ghelmani Y, Pourzand P, Pourshaikhali S, Dabiri S, dehghani A, Astani A, Nakhaie M, Kakavand E. Evaluation of hematological parameters alterations in different waves of COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional study. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0290242. [PMID: 37624800 PMCID: PMC10456189 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0290242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The occurrence of variations in routine hematological parameters is closely associated with disease progression, the development of severe illness, and the mortality rate among COVID-19 patients. This study aimed to investigate hematological parameters in COVID-19 hospitalized patients from the 1st to the 5th waves of the current pandemic. METHODS This cross-sectional study included a total of 1501 hospitalized patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 based on WHO criteria, who were admitted to Shahid Sadoughi Hospital (SSH) in Yazd, Iran, from February 2020 to September 2021. Throughout, we encountered five COVID-19 surge waves. In each wave, we randomly selected approximately 300 patients and categorized them based on infection severity during their hospitalization, including partial recovery, full recovery, and death. Finally, hematological parameters were compared based on age, gender, pandemic waves, and outcomes using the Mann-Whitney U and Kruskal-Wallis tests. RESULTS The mean age of patients (n = 1501) was 61.1±21.88, with 816 (54.3%) of them being men. The highest mortality in this study was related to the third wave of COVID-19 with 21.3%. There was a significant difference in all of the hematological parameters, except PDW, PLT, and RDW-CV, among pandemic waves of COVID-19 in our population. The highest rise in the levels of MCV and RDW-CV occurred in the 1st wave, in the 2nd wave for lymphocyte count, MCHC, PLT count, and RDW-SD, in the 3rd wave for WBC, RBC, neutrophil count, MCH, and PDW, and in the 4th wave for Hb, Hct, and ESR (p < 0.01). The median level of Hct, Hb, RBC, and ESR parameters were significantly higher, while the mean level of lymphocyte and were lower in men than in women (p < 0.001). Also, the mean neutrophil in deceased patients significantly was higher than in those with full recovered or partial recovery (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION The findings of our study unveiled notable variations in hematological parameters across different pandemic waves, gender, and clinical outcomes. These findings indicate that the behavior of different strains of the COVID-19 may differ across various stages of the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javad Charostad
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid-Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Mohammad Rezaei Zadeh Rukerd
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Azadeh Shahrokhi
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Afzalipour School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Faezeh Afkhami Aghda
- Student Research Committee, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Yaser ghelmani
- Department of Internal Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
- Clinical Research Development Center of Shahid Sadoughi Hospital, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Pouria Pourzand
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Sara Pourshaikhali
- Pathology and Stem Cell Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Shahriar Dabiri
- Department of Pathology, Afzalipour Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Azam dehghani
- Department of Medical Virology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Akram Astani
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid-Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Mohsen Nakhaie
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Ehsan Kakavand
- Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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12
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Pawar VA, Tyagi A, Verma C, Sharma KP, Ansari S, Mani I, Srivastva SK, Shukla PK, Kumar A, Kumar V. Unlocking therapeutic potential: integration of drug repurposing and immunotherapy for various disease targeting. Am J Transl Res 2023; 15:4984-5006. [PMID: 37692967 PMCID: PMC10492070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Drug repurposing, also known as drug repositioning, entails the application of pre-approved or formerly assessed drugs having potentially functional therapeutic amalgams for curing various disorders or disease conditions distinctive from their original remedial indication. It has surfaced as a substitute for the development of drugs for treating cancer, cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative disorders, and various infectious diseases like Covid-19. Although the earlier lines of findings in this area were serendipitous, recent advancements are based on patient centered approaches following systematic, translational, drug targeting practices that explore pathophysiological ailment mechanisms. The presence of definite information and numerous records with respect to beneficial properties, harmfulness, and pharmacologic characteristics of repurposed drugs increase the chances of approval in the clinical trial stages. The last few years have showcased the successful emergence of repurposed drug immunotherapy in treating various diseases. In this light, the present review emphasises on incorporation of drug repositioning with Immunotherapy targeted for several disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anuradha Tyagi
- Department of cBRN, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied ScienceDelhi 110054, India
| | - Chaitenya Verma
- Department of Pathology, Wexner Medical Center, Ohio State UniversityColumbus, Ohio 43201, USA
| | - Kanti Prakash Sharma
- Department of Nutrition Biology, Central University of HaryanaMahendragarh 123029, India
| | - Sekhu Ansari
- Division of Pathology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical CenterCincinnati, Ohio 45229, USA
| | - Indra Mani
- Department of Microbiology, Gargi College, University of DelhiNew Delhi 110049, India
| | | | - Pradeep Kumar Shukla
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology of SciencePrayagraj 211007, UP, India
| | - Antresh Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry, Central University of HaryanaMahendergarh 123031, Haryana, India
| | - Vinay Kumar
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical CenterColumbus, Ohio 43210, USA
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13
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Liu C, Peng J, Liu Y, Peng Y, Kuang Y, Zhang Y, Ma Q. Causal relationship between particulate matter 2.5 (PM 2.5), PM 2.5 absorbance, and COVID-19 risk: A two-sample Mendelian randomisation study. J Glob Health 2023; 13:06027. [PMID: 37449380 PMCID: PMC10346132 DOI: 10.7189/jogh.13.06027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Several observational studies reported on the association between particulate matter ≤2.5μm (PM2.5) and its absorbance with coronavirus (COVID-19), but none use Mendelian randomisation (MR). To strengthen the knowledge on causality, we examined the association of PM2.5 and its absorbance with COVID-19 risk using MR. Methods We selected genome-wide association study (GWAS) integration data from the UK Biobank and IEU Open GWAS Project for two-sample MR analysis. We used inverse variance weighted (IVW) and its multiple random effects and fixed effects alternatives to generally predict the association of PM2.5 and its absorbance with COVID-19, and six methods (MR Egger, weighted median, simple mode, weighted mode, maximum-likelihood and MR-PRESSO) as complementary analyses. Results MR results suggested that PM2.5 absorbance was associated with COVID-19 infection (odds ratio (OR) = 2.64; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.32-5.27, P = 0.006), hospitalisation (OR = 3.52; 95% CI = 1.05-11.75, P = 0.041) and severe respiratory symptoms (OR = 28.74; 95% CI = 4.00-206.32, P = 0.001) in IVW methods. We observed no association between PM2.5 and COVID-19. Conclusions We found a potential causal association of PM2.5 absorbance with COVID-19 infection, hospitalisation, and severe respiratory symptoms using MR analysis. Prevention and control of air pollution could help delay and halt the negative progression of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxi Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jia Peng
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yubo Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yi Peng
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology (T.X.), Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yuanyuan Kuang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yinzhuang Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Hospital of Changsha, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qilin Ma
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China
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14
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Silva Borborema T, Moreira Brito JC, Lima Batista EM, Siqueira Batista R. Case Fatality Rate and Severity of COVID-19 among Patients with Sickle Cell Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Hemoglobin 2023:1-12. [PMID: 37325879 DOI: 10.1080/03630269.2023.2219847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The sickle cell disease (SCD) population has been considered particularly vulnerable to viral pandemics since the emergence of H1N1 in 2009. In this sense, the advance of the COVID-19 pandemic from 2020 has brought this group of patients to the center of concern. However, scientific knowledge about the susceptibility of patients with SCD to a severe COVID-19 pandemic is still insufficient, and efforts to establish a general profile of the disease in these patients, remain inadequate. The present study, therefore, sought to characterize the case fatality rate and severity of COVID-19 in patients with SCD throughout the world. A systematic review of Pubmed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and Virtual Health Library databases through December 2021 was then performed. Subsequently, the primary and secondary outcomes were used in the meta-analysis in RStudio® software. Seventy-two studies were included with 6,011 SCD patients confirmed to have SARS-CoV-2 infection between mid-2020 and early 2022. The mean age of patients was 27 years. During this period, 218 deaths caused by COVID-19 were reported in the studied population, corresponding to an overall case fatality rate of 3%. In addition, 10% of patients with SCD were admitted to the ICU after complications caused by COVID-19, and 4% of them required invasive ventilatory support. In conclusion, the high fatality rate, intensive care unit admission and need for mechanical ventilation due to COVID-19 in young patients with SCD indicate that this population is at high risk for severe disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarcísio Silva Borborema
- Faculdade Dinâmica do Vale do Piranga, Ponte Nova, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Hospital Infantil João Paulo II, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | | | | | - Rodrigo Siqueira Batista
- Faculdade Dinâmica do Vale do Piranga, Ponte Nova, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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15
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Sharma PK, Kumar L, Goswami Y, Pujani M, Dikshit M, Tandon R. The aqueous root extract of Withania somnifera ameliorates LPS-induced inflammatory changes in the in vitro cell-based and mice models of inflammation. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1139654. [PMID: 37377934 PMCID: PMC10291246 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1139654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Most critically ill COVID-19 patients have bronchitis, pneumonia, and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) due to excessive inflammatory conditions. Corticosteroids have largely been prescribed for the management of inflammation in these patients. However, long-term use of corticosteroids in patients with comorbidities such as metabolic, cardiovascular, and other inflammatory disorders is ideally not recommended due to safety issues. A potential and safer anti-inflammatory therapy is therefore the need of the hour. Withania somnifera (WS), a well-known herbal medicine used during the pandemic in India to prevent SARS-CoV2 infection, also possesses anti-inflammatory properties. Methods: In the present study, we, therefore, evaluated the effect of the aqueous extract of the roots of W. somnifera in the cell-based assays and in the experimental animal models of LPS-induced inflammation. Results: In the NCI-H460, A549 cells and human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) pre-treatment with W. somnifera reduced the LPS-induced expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines. In addition, W. somnifera extract also showed potent anti-inflammatory activity in the lung tissues of BALB/c mice challenged intranasally with LPS. We observed a marked reduction in the neutrophil counts in the broncho-alveolar lavage (BAL) fluid, inflammatory cytokines, and fibrosis in the mice lungs pre-treated with W. somnifera. Results obtained thus suggest the potential utility of W. somnifera extract in reducing airway inflammation and recommend the clinical evaluation of W. somnifera extract in COVID-19 patients with a high propensity for lung inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lokesh Kumar
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, India
| | - Yamini Goswami
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, India
| | - Mukta Pujani
- ESIC Medical College and Hospital, Faridabad, India
| | - Madhu Dikshit
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, India
- Pharmacology Division, Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
| | - Ruchi Tandon
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, India
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16
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Bakakos A, Koukaki E, Ampelioti S, Ioannidou I, Papaioannou AI, Loverdos K, Koutsoukou A, Rovina N. The Real Impact of Age on Mortality in Critically Ill COVID-19 Patients. J Pers Med 2023; 13:908. [PMID: 37373897 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13060908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The impact of severe infection from COVID-19 and the resulting need for life support in an ICU environment is a fact that caused immense pressure in healthcare systems around the globe. Accordingly, elderly people faced multiple challenges, especially after admission to the ICU. On this basis, we performed this study to assess the impact of age on COVID-19 mortality in critically ill patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this retrospective study, we collected data from 300 patients who were hospitalized in the ICU of a Greek respiratory hospital. We split patients into two age groups using a threshold of 65 years old. The primary objective of the study was the survival of patients in a follow up period of 60 days after their admission to the ICU. Secondary objectives were to determine whether mortality is affected by other factors, including sepsis and clinical and laboratory factors, Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI), APACHE II and d-dimers, CRP, etc. Results: The survival of all patients in the ICU was 75.7%. Those in the <65 years old age group expressed a survival rate of 89.3%, whereas those in the ≥65 years old age group had a survival rate of 58% (p-value < 0.001). In the multivariate Cox regression, the presence of sepsis and an increased CCI were independent predictors of mortality in 60 days (p-value < 0.001), while the age group did not maintain its statistical significance (p-value = 0.320). CONCLUSIONS Age alone as a simple number is not capable of predicting mortality in patients with severe COVID-19 in the ICU. We must use more composite clinical markers that may better reflect the biological age of patients, such as CCI. Moreover, the effective control of infections in the ICU is of utmost importance for the survival of patients, since avoiding septic complications can drastically improve the prognosis of all patients, regardless of age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agamemnon Bakakos
- 1st University Department of Respiratory Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Evangelia Koukaki
- 1st University Department of Respiratory Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Sevasti Ampelioti
- 1st University Department of Respiratory Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Iliana Ioannidou
- 1st University Department of Respiratory Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Andriana I Papaioannou
- 1st University Department of Respiratory Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Loverdos
- 1st University Department of Respiratory Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Antonia Koutsoukou
- 1st University Department of Respiratory Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Nikoleta Rovina
- 1st University Department of Respiratory Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
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17
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Dusart C, Smet J, Chirumberro A, André S, Roman A, Claus M, Bruyneel AV, Menez O, Alard S, De Vos N, Bruyneel M. Pulmonary Functional Outcomes at 3 Months in Critical COVID-19 Survivors Hospitalized during the First, Second, and Third Pandemic Waves. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12113712. [PMID: 37297906 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12113712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Despite improved management of patients with COVID-19, we still ignore whether pharmacologic treatments and improved respiratory support have modified outcomes for intensive care unit (ICU) surviving patients of the three first consecutive waves (w) of the pandemic. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether developments in the management of ICU COVID-19 patients have positively impacted respiratory functional outcomes, quality of life (QoL), and chest CT scan patterns in ICU COVID-19 surviving patients at 3 months, according to pandemic waves. METHODS We prospectively included all patients admitted to the ICU of two university hospitals with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) related to COVID-19. Data related to hospitalization (disease severity, complications), demographics, and medical history were collected. Patients were assessed 3 months post-ICU discharge using a 6 min walking distance test (6MWT), a pulmonary function test (PFT), a respiratory muscle strength (RMS) test, a chest CT scan, and a Short Form 36 (SF-36) questionnaire. RESULTS We included 84 ARDS COVID-19 surviving patients. Disease severity, complications, demographics, and comorbidities were similar between groups, but there were more women in wave 3 (w3). Length of stay at the hospital was shorter during w3 vs. during wave 1 (w1) (23.4 ± 14.2 days vs. 34.7 ± 20.8 days, p = 0.0304). Fewer patients required mechanical ventilation (MV) during the second wave (w2) vs. during w1 (33.3% vs. 63.9%, p = 0.0038). Assessment at 3 months after ICU discharge revealed that PFTs and 6MWTs scores were worse for w3 > w2 > w1. QoL (SF-36) deteriorated (vitality and mental health) more for patients in w1 vs. in w3 (64.7 ± 16.3 vs. 49.2 ± 23.2, p = 0.0169). Mechanical ventilation was associated with reduced forced expiratory volume (FEV1), total lung capacity (TLC), diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO), and respiratory muscle strength (RMS) (w1,2,3, p < 0.0500) on linear/logistic regression analysis. The use of glucocorticoids, as well as tocilizumab, was associated with improvements in the number of affected segments in chest CT, FEV1, TLC, and DLCO (p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS With better understanding and management of COVID-19, there was an improvement in PFT, 6MWT, and RMS in ICU survivors 3 months after ICU discharge, regardless of the pandemic wave during which they were hospitalized. However, immunomodulation and improved best practices for the management of COVID-19 do not appear to be sufficient to prevent significant morbidity in critically ill patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecile Dusart
- Department of Pneumology, CHU Saint-Pierre, 1000 Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Pneumology, Université Libre de Bruxelles, CHU Saint-Pierre, 1000 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jelle Smet
- Department of Pneumology, CHU Saint-Pierre, 1000 Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Pneumology, Université Libre de Bruxelles, CHU Saint-Pierre, 1000 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Audrey Chirumberro
- Department of Pneumology, CHU Saint-Pierre, 1000 Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Pneumology, Université Libre de Bruxelles, CHU Saint-Pierre, 1000 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Stephanie André
- Department of Pneumology, Université Libre de Bruxelles, CHU Saint-Pierre, 1000 Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Pneumology, CHU Brugmann, 1020 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Alain Roman
- Department of Pneumology, Université Libre de Bruxelles, CHU Saint-Pierre, 1000 Brussels, Belgium
- GDepartment of Intensive Care Medicine, CHU Saint-Pierre, 1000 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Marc Claus
- Department of Pneumology, Université Libre de Bruxelles, CHU Saint-Pierre, 1000 Brussels, Belgium
- GDepartment of Intensive Care Medicine, CHU Saint-Pierre, 1000 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Anne-Violette Bruyneel
- Geneva School of Health Sciences, HES-SO University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland, 1206 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Ophelie Menez
- Department of Pneumology, Université Libre de Bruxelles, CHU Saint-Pierre, 1000 Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Radiology, CHU Saint-Pierre, 1000 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Stephane Alard
- Department of Pneumology, Université Libre de Bruxelles, CHU Saint-Pierre, 1000 Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Radiology, CHU Saint-Pierre, 1000 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nathalie De Vos
- Department of Pneumology, Université Libre de Bruxelles, CHU Saint-Pierre, 1000 Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, LHUB-ULB, CHU Saint-Pierre, 1000 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Marie Bruyneel
- Department of Pneumology, CHU Saint-Pierre, 1000 Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Pneumology, Université Libre de Bruxelles, CHU Saint-Pierre, 1000 Brussels, Belgium
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18
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Helou M, Nasr J, El Osta N, Jabbour E, Husni R. Liver manifestations in COVID-19 patients: A review article. World J Clin Cases 2023; 11:2189-2200. [PMID: 37122526 PMCID: PMC10131011 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v11.i10.2189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) initially presented as a disease that affected the lungs. Then, studies revealed that it intricately affected disparate organs in the human body, with the liver being one of the most affected organs. This review aimed to assess the association between COVID-19 and liver function, shedding light on its clinical implication. However, its exact pathophysiology remains unclear, involving many factors, such as active viral replication in the liver cells, direct cytotoxic effects of the virus on the liver or adverse reactions to viral antigens. Liver symptoms are mild-to-moderate transaminase elevation. In some patients, with underlying liver disease, more serious outcomes are observed. Thus, liver function should be meticulously considered in patients with COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Helou
- Division of Emergency Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Lebanese American University Medical Center, Lebanese American University School of Medicine, Beirut 1102-2801, Lebanon
| | - Janane Nasr
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Lebanese American University, School of Medicine, Beirut 1102-2801, Lebanon
| | - Nour El Osta
- Division of Emergency, Department of Internal Medicine, Lebanese American University, School of Medicine, Beirut 1102-2801, Lebanon
| | - Elsy Jabbour
- Division of Emergency, Department of Internal Medicine, Lebanese American University, School of Medicine, Beirut 1102-2801, Lebanon
| | - Rola Husni
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Lebanese American University, School of Medicine, Beirut 1102-2801, Lebanon
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19
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Kenney AD, Zani A, Kawahara J, Eddy AC, Wang X, Mahesh KC, Lu M, Thomas J, Kohlmeier JE, Suthar MS, Hemann EA, Li J, Peeples ME, Hall‐Stoodley L, Forero A, Cai C, Ma J, Yount JS. Interferon-induced transmembrane protein 3 (IFITM3) limits lethality of SARS-CoV-2 in mice. EMBO Rep 2023; 24:e56660. [PMID: 36880581 PMCID: PMC10074051 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202256660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Interferon-induced transmembrane protein 3 (IFITM3) is an antiviral protein that alters cell membranes to block fusion of viruses. Conflicting reports identified opposing effects of IFITM3 on SARS-CoV-2 infection of cells, and its impact on viral pathogenesis in vivo remains unclear. Here, we show that IFITM3 knockout (KO) mice infected with SARS-CoV-2 experience extreme weight loss and lethality compared to mild infection in wild-type (WT) mice. KO mice have higher lung viral titers and increases in inflammatory cytokine levels, immune cell infiltration, and histopathology. Mechanistically, we observe disseminated viral antigen staining throughout the lung and pulmonary vasculature in KO mice, as well as increased heart infection, indicating that IFITM3 constrains dissemination of SARS-CoV-2. Global transcriptomic analysis of infected lungs shows upregulation of gene signatures associated with interferons, inflammation, and angiogenesis in KO versus WT animals, highlighting changes in lung gene expression programs that precede severe lung pathology and fatality. Our results establish IFITM3 KO mice as a new animal model for studying severe SARS-CoV-2 infection and overall demonstrate that IFITM3 is protective in SARS-CoV-2 infections in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam D Kenney
- Department of Microbial Infection and ImmunityThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA
- Infectious Diseases InstituteThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA
| | - Ashley Zani
- Department of Microbial Infection and ImmunityThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA
- Infectious Diseases InstituteThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA
| | - Jeffrey Kawahara
- Department of Microbial Infection and ImmunityThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA
- Infectious Diseases InstituteThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA
| | - Adrian C Eddy
- Department of Microbial Infection and ImmunityThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA
- Infectious Diseases InstituteThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA
| | | | - KC Mahesh
- Infectious Diseases InstituteThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA
- Center for Vaccines and ImmunityAbigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's HospitalColumbusOHUSA
| | - Mijia Lu
- Infectious Diseases InstituteThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA
- Department of Veterinary BiosciencesThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA
| | - Jeronay Thomas
- Department of Microbiology and ImmunologyEmory UniversityAtlantaGAUSA
| | - Jacob E Kohlmeier
- Department of Microbiology and ImmunologyEmory UniversityAtlantaGAUSA
| | - Mehul S Suthar
- Department of Microbiology and ImmunologyEmory UniversityAtlantaGAUSA
- Department of PediatricsEmory University School of MedicineAtlantaGAUSA
- Emory Vaccine Center, Yerkes National Primate Research CenterEmory UniversityAtlantaGAUSA
| | - Emily A Hemann
- Department of Microbial Infection and ImmunityThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA
- Infectious Diseases InstituteThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA
| | - Jianrong Li
- Infectious Diseases InstituteThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA
- Department of Veterinary BiosciencesThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA
| | - Mark E Peeples
- Infectious Diseases InstituteThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA
- Center for Vaccines and ImmunityAbigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's HospitalColumbusOHUSA
- Department of PediatricsThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA
| | - Luanne Hall‐Stoodley
- Department of Microbial Infection and ImmunityThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA
- Infectious Diseases InstituteThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA
| | - Adriana Forero
- Department of Microbial Infection and ImmunityThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA
- Infectious Diseases InstituteThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA
| | - Chuanxi Cai
- Department of SurgeryThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA
| | - Jianjie Ma
- Department of SurgeryThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA
| | - Jacob S Yount
- Department of Microbial Infection and ImmunityThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA
- Infectious Diseases InstituteThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA
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20
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Bonura A, Iaccarino G, Rossi SS, Capone F, Motolese F, Calandrelli R, Di Lazzaro V, Pilato F. Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome and reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome in patients with COVID-19 infection: is there a link? A systematic review and case report analysis. J Neurol 2023; 270:2826-2852. [PMID: 37014421 PMCID: PMC10071475 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-023-11684-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Abstract
During the SARS-CoV2 pandemic, several cases of Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) and of Reversible Cerebral Vasoconstriction Syndrome (RCVS) in COVID-19 patients have been reported, but the link between these syndromes and COVID-19 is unclear. We performed a systematic review, according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement to evaluate whether SARS-CoV2 infection or the drugs used to treat it could be deemed potential risk factors for PRES or RCVS. We performed a literature search. We found 70 articles (60 on PRES and 10 on RCVS) concerning n = 105 patients (n = 85 with PRES, n = 20 with RCVS). We analyzed the clinical characteristics of the two populations separately, then performed an inferential analysis to search for other independent risk factors. We found fewer than usual PRES-related (43.9%) and RCVS-related (45%) risk factors in patients with COVID-19. Such a low incidence of risk factors for PRES and RCVS might suggest the involvement of COVID-19 as an additional risk factor for both diseases due to its capability to cause endothelial dysfunction. We discuss the putative mechanisms of endothelial damage by SARS-CoV2 and antiviral drugs which may underlie the development of PRES and RCVS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriano Bonura
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Unit of Neurology, Neurophysiology, Neurobiology and Psychiatry, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 21, 00128, Rome, Italy
- Institute of Neurology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200, 00128, Rome, Italy
| | - Gianmarco Iaccarino
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Unit of Neurology, Neurophysiology, Neurobiology and Psychiatry, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 21, 00128, Rome, Italy
- Institute of Neurology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200, 00128, Rome, Italy
| | - Sergio Soeren Rossi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Unit of Neurology, Neurophysiology, Neurobiology and Psychiatry, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 21, 00128, Rome, Italy
- Institute of Neurology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200, 00128, Rome, Italy
| | - Fioravante Capone
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Unit of Neurology, Neurophysiology, Neurobiology and Psychiatry, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 21, 00128, Rome, Italy
- Institute of Neurology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200, 00128, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Motolese
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Unit of Neurology, Neurophysiology, Neurobiology and Psychiatry, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 21, 00128, Rome, Italy
- Institute of Neurology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200, 00128, Rome, Italy
| | - Rosalinda Calandrelli
- Institute of Radiology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli, 1, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Di Lazzaro
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Unit of Neurology, Neurophysiology, Neurobiology and Psychiatry, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 21, 00128, Rome, Italy
- Institute of Neurology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200, 00128, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabio Pilato
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Unit of Neurology, Neurophysiology, Neurobiology and Psychiatry, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 21, 00128, Rome, Italy.
- Institute of Neurology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200, 00128, Rome, Italy.
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21
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Mansour S, Marjieh R, Kluger Y, Gilshtein H, Khuri S. Post-COVID-19 Cholangiopathy: A Recent Indication for Liver Transplantation. J Clin Med Res 2023; 15:250-254. [PMID: 37187714 PMCID: PMC10181353 DOI: 10.14740/jocmr4914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Subhi Mansour
- Department of General Surgery, Rambam Medical Center, Haifa, Israel
| | - Rozan Marjieh
- Department of General Surgery, Rambam Medical Center, Haifa, Israel
| | - Yoram Kluger
- Department of General Surgery, Rambam Medical Center, Haifa, Israel
- HPB and Surgical Oncology Unit, Rambam Medical Center, Haifa, Israel
| | - Hayim Gilshtein
- Department of General Surgery, Rambam Medical Center, Haifa, Israel
- Colorectal Surgery Unit, Rambam Medical Center, Haifa, Israel
| | - Safi Khuri
- Department of General Surgery, Rambam Medical Center, Haifa, Israel
- HPB and Surgical Oncology Unit, Rambam Medical Center, Haifa, Israel
- Corresponding Author: Safi Khuri, Department of General Surgery, Rambam Medical Center, Haifa, Israel.
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22
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Should We Expect an Increase in the Number of Cancer Cases in People with Long COVID? Microorganisms 2023; 11:microorganisms11030713. [PMID: 36985286 PMCID: PMC10051562 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11030713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The relationship between viral infections and the risk of developing cancer is well known. Multiple mechanisms participate in and determine this process. The COVID-19 pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus has resulted in the deaths of millions of people worldwide. Although the effects of COVID-19 are limited for most people, a large number of people continue to show symptoms for a long period of time (long COVID). Several studies have suggested that cancer could also be a potential long-term complication of the virus; however, the causes of this risk are not yet well understood. In this review, we investigated arguments that could support or reject this possibility.
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23
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Evcik D. Musculoskeletal involvement: COVID-19 and post COVID 19. Turk J Phys Med Rehabil 2023; 69:1-7. [PMID: 37201006 PMCID: PMC10186015 DOI: 10.5606/tftrd.2023.12521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The worldwide pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was known to predominantly affect the lungs, but it was realized that COVID-19 had a large variety of clinical involvement. Cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, neurological, and musculoskeletal systems are involved by direct or indirect mechanisms with various manifestations. The musculoskeletal involvement can manifest during COVID-19 infection, due to medications used for the treatment of COVID-19, and in the post/long COVID-19 syndrome. The major symptoms are fatigue, myalgia/arthralgia, back pain, low back pain, and chest pain. During the last two years, musculoskeletal involvement increased, but no clear consensus was obtained about the pathogenesis. However, there is valuable data that supports the hypothesis of angiotensinconverting enzyme 2, inflammation, hypoxia, and muscle catabolism. Additionally, medications that were used for treatment also have musculoskeletal adverse effects, such as corticosteroid-induced myopathy and osteoporosis. Therefore, while deciding the drugs, priorities and benefits should be taken into consideration. Symptoms that begin three months from the onset of the COVID-19 infection, continue for at least two months, and cannot be explained by another diagnosis is accepted as post/long COVID-19 syndrome. Prior symptoms may persist and fluctuate, or new symptoms may manifest. In addition, there must be at least one symptom of infection. Most common musculoskeletal symptoms are myalgia, arthralgia, fatigue, back pain, muscle weakness, sarcopenia, impaired exercise capacity, and physical performance. In addition, the female sex, obesity, elderly patients, hospitalization, prolonged immobility, having mechanical ventilation, not having vaccination, and comorbid disorders can be accepted as clinical predictors for post/long COVID-19 syndrome. Musculoskeletal pain is also a major problem and tends to be in chronic form. There is no consensus on the mechanism, but inflammation and angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 seem to play an important role. Localized and generalized pain may occur after COVID-19, and general pain is at least as common as localized pain. An accurate diagnosis allows physicians to initiate pain management and proper rehabilitation programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deniz Evcik
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Ankara Private Güven Hospital, Ankara, Türkiye
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24
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Anderson KK, Maresh S, Ward A, Koller EA, Connor P, Evans M, Kiptanui Z, Raja MM, Thomas S, Wolfe T, Gill CS. The COVID-19 pandemic's impact on all-cause mortality disparities in Medicare: By race, income, chronic health, mental/behavioral health, disability. Gen Hosp Psychiatry 2023; 81:57-67. [PMID: 36805333 PMCID: PMC9886431 DOI: 10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2023.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Medicare-enrolled population is heterogeneous across race, ethnicity, age, dual eligibility, and a breadth of chronic health, mental and behavioral health, and disability-related conditions, which may be differentially impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. OBJECTIVE To quantify changes in all-cause mortality prior-to and in the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic across Medicare's different sociodemographic and health-condition subpopulations. METHODS This observational, population-based study used stratified bivariate regression to investigate Medicare fee-for-service subpopulation differences in pre-pandemic (i.e., 2019 versus 2016) and pandemic-related (2020 versus 2019) changes in all-cause mortality. RESULTS All-cause mortality in the combined Medicare-Advantage (i.e., managed care) and fee-for-service beneficiary population improved by a relative 1% in the ten years that preceded the COVID-19 pandemic, but then escalated by a relative 15.9% in 2020, the pandemic's first year. However, a closer look at Medicare's fee-for-service subpopulations reveals critical differences. All-cause mortality had actually been worsening prior to the pandemic among most psychiatric and disability-related condition groups, all race and ethnicity groups except White Non-Hispanic, and Medicare-Medicaid dual-eligible (i.e., low-income) beneficiaries. Many of these groups then experienced all-cause mortality spikes in 2020 that were over twice that of the overall Medicare fee-for-service population. Of all 61 chronic health conditions studied, beneficiaries with schizophrenia were the most adversely affected, with all-cause mortality increasing 38.4% between 2019 and 2020. CONCLUSION This analysis reveals subpopulation differences in all-cause mortality trends, both prior to and in year-one of the COVID-19 pandemic, indicating that the events of 2020 exacerbated preexisting health-related inequities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karyn Kai Anderson
- Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, 7500 Security Blv., Baltimore MD 21244, USA.
| | - Sha Maresh
- Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, 7500 Security Blv., Baltimore MD 21244, USA
| | - Andrew Ward
- Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, 7500 Security Blv., Baltimore MD 21244, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Koller
- Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, 7500 Security Blv., Baltimore MD 21244, USA
| | - Philip Connor
- Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, 7500 Security Blv., Baltimore MD 21244, USA
| | - Melissa Evans
- Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, 7500 Security Blv., Baltimore MD 21244, USA
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25
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Matic S, Milovanovic D, Mijailovic Z, Djurdjevic P, Sazdanovic P, Stefanovic S, Todorovic D, Popovic S, Vitosevic K, Vukicevic V, Vukic M, Vukovic N, Milivojevic N, Zivanovic M, Jakovljevic V, Filipovic N, Baskic D, Djordjevic N. IFNL3/4 polymorphisms as a two-edged sword: An association with COVID-19 outcome. J Med Virol 2023; 95:e28506. [PMID: 36655749 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.28506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been ranked among the most fatal infectious diseases worldwide, with host's immune response significantly affecting the prognosis. With an aim to timely predict the most likely outcome of SARS-CoV-2 infection, we investigated the association of IFNL3 and IFNL4 polymorphisms, as well as other potentially relevant factors, with the COVID-19 mortality. This prospective observational case-control study involved 178 COVID-19 patients, hospitalized at Corona Center or Clinic for Infectious Diseases of University Clinical Centre Kragujevac, Serbia, followed up until hospital discharge or in-hospital death. Demographic and clinical data on all participants were retrieved from the electronic medical records, and TaqMan assays were employed in genotyping for IFNL3 and IFNL4 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), namely rs12980275, rs8099917, rs12979860, and rs368234815. 21.9% and 65.0% of hospitalized and critically ill COVID-19 patients, respectively, died in-hospital. Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed increased Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI), N/L, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) level to be associated with an increased likelihood of a lethal outcome. Similarly, females and the carriers of at least one variant allele of IFNL3 rs8099917 were almost 36-fold more likely not to survive SARS-CoV-2 infection. On the other hand, the presence of at least one ancestral allele of IFNL4 rs368234815 decreased more than 15-fold the likelihood of mortality from COVID-19. Our results suggest that, in addition to LDH level, N/L ratio, and CCI, IFNL4 rs368234815 and IFNL3 rs8099917 polymorphisms, but also patients' gender, significantly affect the outcome of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanja Matic
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Dragan Milovanovic
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia.,Department of Clinical Pharmacology, University Clinical Centre Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Zeljko Mijailovic
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Serbia, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia.,Infectious Diseases Clinic, University Clinical Centre Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Predrag Djurdjevic
- Department of Internal medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia.,Clinic for Haematology, University Clinical Centre Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Predrag Sazdanovic
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia.,Gynecology and Obstetrics Clinic, University Clinical Centre Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Srdjan Stefanovic
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Danijela Todorovic
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Suzana Popovic
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Katarina Vitosevic
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Vladimir Vukicevic
- Corona Centre, University Clinical Centre Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Milena Vukic
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Nenad Vukovic
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Nevena Milivojevic
- Bioengineering Research and Development Center (BioIRC), Kragujevac, Serbia.,Department of Sciences, Institute for Information Technologies Kragujevac, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Marko Zivanovic
- Bioengineering Research and Development Center (BioIRC), Kragujevac, Serbia.,Department of Sciences, Institute for Information Technologies Kragujevac, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Vladimir Jakovljevic
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia.,Deprtment of Human Pathology, 1st Moscow Medical Unuversity "I. M. Sechenov", Moscow, Russia
| | - Nenad Filipovic
- Bioengineering Research and Development Center (BioIRC), Kragujevac, Serbia.,Faculty of Engineering, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Dejan Baskic
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia.,Institute of Public Health Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Natasa Djordjevic
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
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26
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Borborema TS, Lima JDS, Brito JCM, Siqueira-Batista R, Murao M. Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura and mushroom-shaped red blood cells secondary to COVID-19: A case report. Hematol Transfus Cell Ther 2023:S2531-1379(23)00005-6. [PMID: 36710912 PMCID: PMC9868352 DOI: 10.1016/j.htct.2023.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tarcísio Silva Borborema
- Hospital Infantil João Paulo II, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
- Faculdade Dinâmica do Vale do Piranga (FADIP), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Mitiko Murao
- Hospital das Clínicas da UFMG, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
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27
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Trojman A, Hough J, Hides J, Gustafsson L, Flores O, Paratz J. Physiotherapy practices when treating patients with COVID-19 during a pandemic: A survey study. Heart Lung 2023; 57:152-160. [PMID: 36209724 PMCID: PMC9536211 DOI: 10.1016/j.hrtlng.2022.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Background Specific details pertaining to the clinical and other challenges faced by physiotherapists managing patients with COVID-19 during the pandemic are still largely unknown. Objectives To determine how physiotherapists clinically managed patients with COVID-19 in a hospital-based setting during the pandemic and to identify the personal and professional effects of working as a physiotherapist at this time. Methods Self-administered electronic cross-sectional survey. Participants included physiotherapists from around the world involved in the clinical management of patients with COVID-19. Results Of the 204 participants who returned the questionnaire, 39% worked as senior physiotherapists, 29% as consultant or specialist physiotherapists, 23% as general physiotherapists and 4% as graduate physiotherapists. Seventy-two percent of participants worked in the intensive care unit. The largest barrier to treating patients with COVID-19 was a lack of intensive care trained physiotherapists (70%). Eighty-three percent of participants reported performing activities outside of their typical work duties, including proning patients (55%), tutoring and advising other staff in the intensive care unit (55%) and adjusting or changing ventilator settings (52%). Almost all participants (90%) reported being aware of physiotherapy specific guidelines for treating patients with COVID-19, yet most participants performed techniques that were not recommended. Conclusions The experience of the pandemic highlighted the need for specialist training and availability of experienced cardiorespiratory physiotherapists to manage patients with COVID-19, specifically in intensive care. Furthermore, clear guidelines on the management of patients with COVID-19 should be established to ensure optimal management of patients and ensure the safety of physiotherapy staff.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Trojman
- School of Health Sciences and Social Work, Griffith University, 0404893646, Nathan, Australia.
| | - Judith Hough
- School of Allied Health, Australian Catholic University, Banyo, Australia
| | - Julie Hides
- School of Health Sciences and Social Work, Griffith University, 0404893646, Nathan, Australia; Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Nathan, Australia
| | - Louise Gustafsson
- School of Health Sciences and Social Work, Griffith University, 0404893646, Nathan, Australia; Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Nathan, Australia
| | - Orlando Flores
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Jennifer Paratz
- School of Health Sciences and Social Work, Griffith University, 0404893646, Nathan, Australia; Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Nathan, Australia
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Bautista-Rodriguez E, Cortés-Álvarez NY, Vuelvas-Olmos CR, Reyes-Meza V, González-López T, Flores-delosÁngeles C, Pérez-Silva NB, Aguirre-Alarcón HA, Cortez-Sanchez JL, Rocha-Rocha VM, Escobedo-Straffon J, Contreras-Mioni L, Reyes-Vergara ML. Stress, anxiety, depression and long COVID symptoms. FATIGUE: BIOMEDICINE, HEALTH & BEHAVIOR 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/21641846.2022.2154500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Bautista-Rodriguez
- Laboratory of Medical & Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology, Universidad Popular Autónoma del Estado de Puebla (UPAEP), Puebla, Mexico
| | - Nadia Yanet Cortés-Álvarez
- Department of Nursing and Obstetrics, Division of Natural and Exact Sciences, Universidad de Guanajuato, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | | | - Verónica Reyes-Meza
- Centro Tlaxcala de Biología de la Conducta, Universidad Autonóma de Tlaxcala, Tlaxcala, Mexico
| | - Thelma González-López
- Center for Psychological, Educational, and Family Development, Comprehensive Health Clinic, UPAEP, Puebla, Mexico
| | | | | | - Héctor Alberto Aguirre-Alarcón
- Laboratory of Medical & Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology, Universidad Popular Autónoma del Estado de Puebla (UPAEP), Puebla, Mexico
| | - Jose Luis Cortez-Sanchez
- Laboratory of Medical & Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology, Universidad Popular Autónoma del Estado de Puebla (UPAEP), Puebla, Mexico
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Factors of Persistent Limited Exercise Tolerance in Patients after COVID-19 with Normal Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10123257. [PMID: 36552013 PMCID: PMC9775927 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10123257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Exercise intolerance de novo is one of the most common reported symptoms in patients recovering from the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). The present study determines etiological and pathophysiological factors influencing the mechanism of impaired exercise tolerance in patients during Long-COVID. Consequently, the factors affecting the percentage predicted oxygen uptake at peak exercise (%VO2pred) in patients after COVID-19 with a normal left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) were assessment. A total of 120 patients recovering from COVID-19 at three to six months after confirmed diagnosis were included. The clinical examinations, laboratory test results, echocardiography, non-invasive body mass analysis, and spiroergometry were evaluated. The subjects were divided into the following groups: study patients’ group with worsen oxygen uptake (%VO2pred < 80%; n = 47) and control group presenting%VO2pred ≥ 80% (n = 73). ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04828629. The male gender and the percent of total body water content (TBW%) were significantly higher in the study group compared to the control group (53 vs. 29%, p = 0.007 and 52.67 (±6.41) vs. 49.89 (±4.59), p = 0.02; respectively). Patients with %VO2pred < 80% presented significantly lower global peak systolic strain (GLPS), tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE), and late diastolic filling (A) velocity (19.34 (±1.72)% vs. 20.10 (±1.35)%, p = 0.03; 21.86 (±4.53) vs. 24.08 (±3.20) mm, p = 0.002 and median 59.5 (IQR: 50.0−71.0) vs. 70.5 (IQR: 62.0−80.0) cm/s, p = 0.004; respectively) compared to the controls. The results of the multiple logistic regression model show that (A) velocity (OR 0.40, 95%CI: 0.17−0.95; p = 0.03) and male gender (OR 2.52, 95%CI: 1.07−5.91; p = 0.03) were independently associated with %VO2pred. Conclusions: Men have over twice the risk of persistent limited exercise tolerance in Long-COVID than women. The decreased (A) velocity, TAPSE, GLPS, and hydration status are connected with limited exercise tolerance after COVID-19 in patients with normal LVEF.
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Karimi H, Sarmadian R, Gilani A, salajegheh P, Nejad Biglari H, Gholizadeh M. Cerebrovascular accident in a child with precursor B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia and coronavirus disease 2019: a case report. J Med Case Rep 2022; 16:452. [PMID: 36471442 PMCID: PMC9724282 DOI: 10.1186/s13256-022-03672-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coronavirus disease 2019 can lead to rare but severe and life-threatening diseases in susceptible high-risk populations, including patients with immunodeficiency. A rare event in this report is stroke following COVID-19 disease in a patient with an immunocompromised background due to leukemia and anti-cancer treatments. CASE PRESENTATION A 6-year-old iranian girl with precursor B-cell leukemia receiving vincristine therapy presented with fever and absolute neutrophil count < 500. Her severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 polymerase chain reaction test was positive. During hospitalization, she had abrupt onset tachypnea, reduced O2 saturation, and generalized tonic-clonic seizures treated with phenytoin and levetiracetam. Right parietal lobe ischemia was found on a brain computed tomography scan, and the cerebrospinal fluid polymerase chain reaction test was positive for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. Several days later, she developed lower extremity paralysis and speech impairment, so speech therapy and physiotherapy were initiated. The patient also received dexamethasone, mannitol, heparin, and remdesivir. She was discharged with enoxaparin and levetiracetam. Chemotherapy resumed 2 weeks following discharge. Her speech and walking improved after 10 months of follow-up, and bone marrow aspiration showed total remission. CONCLUSION Owing to the link between coronavirus disease 2019 and hematologic cancers with hypercoagulopathy and the tendency of patients with leukemia to have coronavirus disease 2019 complications, children with leukemia as well as suspected coronavirus disease 2019 must be hospitalized to prevent blood clot formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanie Karimi
- grid.411705.60000 0001 0166 0922Alumna of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Roham Sarmadian
- grid.468130.80000 0001 1218 604XDepartment of Infectious Disease, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Gilani
- grid.411705.60000 0001 0166 0922Department of Pediatric Surgery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Poorya salajegheh
- grid.412105.30000 0001 2092 9755Department of Pediatric Oncology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Habibe Nejad Biglari
- grid.412105.30000 0001 2092 9755Department of Pediatric Neurology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mahsa Gholizadeh
- grid.411705.60000 0001 0166 0922Alumna of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Jian C, Zhou Z, Yang C, Zhao N, Bao H, Han S, Chen J, Shu X. Increasing rate of hospitalization for severe peptic ulcer in digestive disease emergencies after the pandemic. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e31716. [PMID: 36482654 PMCID: PMC9726319 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000031716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Since December 2019, the novel coronavirus has spread worldwide, affecting more than 510 million people, with more than 6 million deaths. However, some of the potential effects of the pandemic have not been thoroughly studied. We collected data from 2 regional emergency centers from May to November for the years 2015 to 2019, before the pandemic, and from May to November 2020, after the pandemic. We evaluated the incidence of each major type of digestive disease before and after the pandemic in adults at the 2 hospitals, which experienced coronavirus disease 2019 outbreaks with varying severity. A total of 11,394 patients were enrolled in the study Affiliated Hospital of Putian University (PUTIAN, n = 5503) Union Hospital, Tongji Medical college, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (UNION, n = 5891), and the proportion of male patients was approximately the same at both hospitals, with 3360 (61.1%) and 3680 (62.5%), respectively. The average ages of the patients were 55.8 ± 18.4 years PUTIAN and 54.3 ± 15.8 years UNION. The numbers of patients at the 2 hospitals increased steadily, but in 2020, the number of patients at UNION declined. The baseline characteristics of the 2 groups at the 2 hospitals showed significant differences for age before and after the pandemic but not for sex. The constituent ratios of diseases in each year in the 2 hospitals differed. The number of patients with peptic ulcers in 2020 was significantly different from those in each year from 2015 to 2019 (PUTIAN 2015-2020, 15.0%, 18.2%, 14.9%, 16.9%, 19.5%, 34.9%; UNION 2015-2020, 29.2%, 32.5%, 29.3%, 29.4%, 29.7%, 41.3%, respectively). The rates of peptic ulcer increased dramatically in both hospitals in 2020. An increase in the incidence of severe peptic ulcer was observed after the pandemic compared to the same period before the pandemic. Therefore, these factors should be considered in the formulation of public health strategies and the allocation of medical resources in the post pandemic era.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxing Jian
- Department of Minimally Invasive Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Putian University, Teaching Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Putian, Fujian, China
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zili Zhou
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Chunkang Yang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgical Oncology, Fujian Cancer Hospital and Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Ning Zhao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Haijun Bao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Shengbo Han
- Department of Emergency Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jinhuang Chen
- Department of Emergency Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xiaogang Shu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- * Correspondence: Xiaogang Shu, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Jie Fang Road No. 1277, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China (e-mail: )
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Chang YC, Lee DJ, Wei CLH, Pa CH, Chen CC, Chen HC, Chang YT, Wang HE, Chu P, Lu KC, Wu CC. SARS-CoV-2 versus other minor viral infection on kidney injury in asymptomatic and mildly symptomatic patients. Virulence 2022; 13:1349-1357. [PMID: 35924838 PMCID: PMC9354764 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2022.2107602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and has become a global pandemic since December 2019. Most of the patients are mild or asymptomatic and recovered well as those suffered from other respiratory viruses. SARS-CoV-2 infection is supposed to demonstrate more sequelae. Acute kidney injury (AKI) is common among COVID-19 patients and is associated with disease severity and outcomes. Only a few studies focused on a detailed analysis of kidney damage in asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic COVID-19 patients. Whether any minor viral infection is likely to exhibit similar minor effect on renal function as COVID-19 is still unclear, and the definite pathophysiology of viral invasion is not fully understood. Currently, the proposed mechanisms of AKI include direct effects of virus on kidney, dysregulated immune response, or as a result of multi-organs failure have been proposed. This study will discuss the difference between COVID-19 and other viruses, focusing on proposed mechanisms, biomarkers and whether it matters with clinical significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Chieh Chang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Taoyuan Armed Forces General Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ding-Jie Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Ling Helen Wei
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Han Pa
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Chou Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsi-Chih Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Tien Chang
- School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Han-En Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pauling Chu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Cheng Lu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chao Wu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department and Graduate Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
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Post-Covid- 19 Cholangiopathy:A Systematic Review. J Clin Exp Hepatol 2022; 13:489-499. [PMID: 36337085 PMCID: PMC9618303 DOI: 10.1016/j.jceh.2022.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Post COVID-19 cholangiopathy is a rare but poorly understood and serious complication of COVID-19 infection. We sought to better understand the epidemiology, mechanism of action, histology, imaging findings and outcomes of post-COVID-19 cholangiopathy. METHODS We searched PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, and Web of Science from December 2019 to December 2021. Mesh words used "post-Covid-19 cholangiopathy", "COVID-19 liver injury"," Covid-19 and cholangiopathy", and COVID-19 liver disease". The data on epidemiology, mechanism of action, histology, imaging findings and outcomes were collected. RESULTS Post COVID-19 cholangiopathy was reported in 30 cases during the study period. The mean (standard deviation [SD]) age was 53.7 (5). Men accounted for cases (83.3%). All patients had required intensive level of care and mechanical ventilation. Mean (SD) number of days from COVID infection to severe disease or liver disease was 63.5(38). Peak mean (SD) alkaline phosphatase, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, total bilirubin were 2014 (831.8) U/L, 1555 (2432.8) U/L, 899.72 (1238.6) U/L, and 10.32 (9.32) mg/dl, respectively. Four patients successfully underwent liver transplantation. CONCLUSION Post COVID-19 cholangiopathy is a severe and progressive complication of COVID-19 infection. More research is needed to better understand the pathophysiology and best treatment approach. Clinicians should suspect post COVID-19 cholangiopathy in patients with cholestatic liver injury following COVID-19 infection.
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Endothelial Dysfunction in COVID-19: Potential Mechanisms and Possible Therapeutic Options. LIFE (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:life12101605. [PMID: 36295042 PMCID: PMC9604693 DOI: 10.3390/life12101605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2, a novel coronavirus found in Wuhan (China) at the end of 2019, is the etiological agent of the current pandemic that is a heterogeneous disease, named coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). SARS-CoV-2 affects primarily the lungs, but it can induce multi-organ involvement such as acute myocardial injury, myocarditis, thromboembolic eventsandrenal failure. Hypertension, chronic kidney disease, diabetes mellitus and obesity increase the risk of severe complications of COVID-19. There is no certain explanation for this systemic COVID-19 involvement, but it could be related to endothelial dysfunction, due to direct (endothelial cells are infected by the virus) and indirect damage (systemic inflammation) factors. Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), expressed in human endothelium, has a fundamental role in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. In fact, ACE2 is used as a receptor by SARS-CoV-2, leading to the downregulation of these receptors on endothelial cells; once inside, this virus reduces the integrity of endothelial tissue, with exposure of prothrombotic molecules, platelet adhesion, activation of coagulation cascades and, consequently, vascular damage. Systemic microangiopathy and thromboembolism can lead to multi-organ failure with an elevated risk of death. Considering the crucial role of the immunological response and endothelial damage in developing the severe form of COVID-19, in this review, we will attempt to clarify the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms.
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35
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Covid-19: Early Cases and Disease Spread. Ann Glob Health 2022; 88:83. [PMID: 36247198 PMCID: PMC9524236 DOI: 10.5334/aogh.3776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The emergence and global spread of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is critical to understanding how to prevent or control a future viral pandemic. We review the tools used for this retrospective search, their limits, and results obtained from China, France, Italy and the USA. We examine possible scenarios for the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 in the human population. We consider the Chinese city of Wuhan where the first cases of atypical pneumonia were attributed to SARS-CoV-2 and from where the disease spread worldwide. Possible superspreading events include the Wuhan-based 7th Military World Games on October 18–27, 2019 and the Chinese New Year holidays from January 25 to February 2, 2020. Several clues point to an early regional circulation of SARS-CoV-2 in northern Italy (Lombardi) as soon as September/October 2019 and in France in November/December 2019, if not before. With the goal of preventing future pandemics, we call for additional retrospective studies designed to trace the origin of SARS-CoV-2.
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Fernández-de-las-Peñas C, Palacios-Ceña M, Rodríguez-Jiménez J, de-la-Llave-Rincón AI, Fuensalida-Novo S, Cigarán-Méndez M, Florencio LL, Ambite-Quesada S, Ortega-Santiago R, Pardo-Hernández A, Hernández-Barrera V, Palacios-Ceña D, Gil-de-Miguel Á. Psychometric Properties of the Functional Impairment Checklist (FIC) as a Disease-Specific Patient-Reported Outcome Measure (PROM) in Previously Hospitalized COVID-19 Survivors with Long-COVID. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:11460. [PMID: 36141732 PMCID: PMC9517100 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191811460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus is associated with a plethora of long-lasting symptoms (long-COVID). The presence of long-COVID symptoms causes decreased functionality. This study described the psychometric properties of the Functional Impairment Checklist (FIC), a disease-specific patient-reported outcome measure (PROM) used for evaluating the functional consequences of SARS in previously hospitalized COVID-19 survivors with long-COVID symptoms. The LONG-COVID-EXP-CM is a multicenter cohort study including patients hospitalized with COVID-19 during the first wave of the pandemic in five hospitals in Madrid. A total of 1969 (age: 61 ± 16 years, 46.4% women) COVID-19 survivors with long-COVID completed the FIC at a long-term follow-up after hospitalization (mean: 8.4 ± 1.5 months). Internal consistency (Cronbach alpha value), reliability (item-internal consistency, item-discriminant validity), construct validity (exploratory factor analysis), floor effect and ceiling effect were calculated. The mean time for fulfilling the FIC was 62 ± 11 s. The Cronbach's alpha values reflecting the internal consistency reliability were 0.864 for FIC-symptoms and 0.845 for FIC-disability. The correlation coefficient between the FIC-symptoms and FIC-disability scale was good (r: 0.676). The ceiling effect ranged from 2.29% to 9.02%, whereas the floor effect ranged from 38.56% to 80.19%. The exploratory factor analysis showed factor loadings from 0.514 to 0.866, supporting good construct validity. Women exhibited greater limitations in all physical symptoms and disability-related domains of the FIC compared with men (all, p < 0.001). Further, younger patients (those aged <45 years) self-reported lower physical symptoms and disability-related domains than older patients. In conclusion, this study indicates that the FIC has good psychometric properties to be used as a specific-disease PROM to measure function and disability in COVID-19 survivors with long-COVID.
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Affiliation(s)
- César Fernández-de-las-Peñas
- Department of Physical Therapy, Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28922 Alcorcón, Spain
| | - Maria Palacios-Ceña
- Department of Physical Therapy, Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28922 Alcorcón, Spain
| | - Jorge Rodríguez-Jiménez
- Department of Physical Therapy, Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28922 Alcorcón, Spain
| | - Ana I. de-la-Llave-Rincón
- Department of Physical Therapy, Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28922 Alcorcón, Spain
| | - Stella Fuensalida-Novo
- Department of Physical Therapy, Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28922 Alcorcón, Spain
| | | | - Lidiane L. Florencio
- Department of Physical Therapy, Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28922 Alcorcón, Spain
| | - Silvia Ambite-Quesada
- Department of Physical Therapy, Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28922 Alcorcón, Spain
| | - Ricardo Ortega-Santiago
- Department of Physical Therapy, Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28922 Alcorcón, Spain
| | - Alberto Pardo-Hernández
- Consejería de Salud Pública, Comunidad de Madrid, 28009 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28922 Alcorcón, Spain
| | | | - Domingo Palacios-Ceña
- Department of Physical Therapy, Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28922 Alcorcón, Spain
| | - Ángel Gil-de-Miguel
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28922 Alcorcón, Spain
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Moslehi N, Jahromy MH, Ashrafi P, Vatani K, Nemati MAH, Moghadam PA, Rostamian F, Jahromi MH. Multi-organ system involvement in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): A mega review. J Family Med Prim Care 2022; 11:5014-5023. [PMID: 36505634 PMCID: PMC9731028 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1570_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the pandemic of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection, many people have been affected in different ways. The majority of infected people experience mild to moderate symptoms and recover without the need for hospitalization. However, in some affected people, it may lead to catastrophic disease. The severity of COVID-19 infection is widely influenced by co-morbidities, immune system functions, and extra-pulmonary organ injuries. Since the emergence of COVID-19, multi-organ involvement has been documented. In order to implement preventative and protective measures, full attention to potential organ injuries is required. Most existing articles and review papers are focused on a specific organ system, and their numbers are growing. In this review paper, attempts were made to collect review papers and articles published on seven organ system involvements in COVID-19 infection published till 15 July and highlight conclusions and managements of all affected organs. We tried to add to the medical knowledge on COVID-19, pointing out its multi-organ system impact. Finally, we tried to facilitate access to organized information and optimum conclusion by representing review tables for each organ system. Besides, this review article can clarify and magnify the empty research space easily for future investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naghmeh Moslehi
- Faculty of Medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran,Address for correspondence: Dr. Naghmeh Moslehi, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. E-mail:
| | - Mahsa Hadipour Jahromy
- Faculty of Medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran,Herbal Pharmacology Research Center, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Pegah Ashrafi
- School of Pharmacy, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kimia Vatani
- Faculty of Medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Parnian A. Moghadam
- Faculty of Medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Rostamian
- Faculty of Medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
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Tsermpini EE, Glamočlija U, Ulucan-Karnak F, Redenšek Trampuž S, Dolžan V. Molecular Mechanisms Related to Responses to Oxidative Stress and Antioxidative Therapies in COVID-19: A Systematic Review. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11081609. [PMID: 36009328 PMCID: PMC9405444 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11081609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic is a leading global health and economic challenge. What defines the disease’s progression is not entirely understood, but there are strong indications that oxidative stress and the defense against reactive oxygen species are crucial players. A big influx of immune cells to the site of infection is marked by the increase in reactive oxygen and nitrogen species. Our article aims to highlight the critical role of oxidative stress in the emergence and severity of COVID-19 and, more importantly, to shed light on the underlying molecular and genetic mechanisms. We have reviewed the available literature and clinical trials to extract the relevant genetic variants within the oxidative stress pathway associated with COVID-19 and the anti-oxidative therapies currently evaluated in the clinical trials for COVID-19 treatment, in particular clinical trials on glutathione and N-acetylcysteine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evangelia Eirini Tsermpini
- Pharmacogenetics Laboratory, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Una Glamočlija
- Pharmacogenetics Laboratory, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sarajevo, 71000 Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
- School of Medicine, University of Mostar, 88000 Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Fulden Ulucan-Karnak
- Pharmacogenetics Laboratory, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Bornova, 35100 İzmir, Turkey
| | - Sara Redenšek Trampuž
- Pharmacogenetics Laboratory, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Vita Dolžan
- Pharmacogenetics Laboratory, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Correspondence:
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Calvo-Paniagua J, Díaz-Arribas MJ, Valera-Calero JA, Gallardo-Vidal MI, Fernández-de-las-Peñas C, López-de-Uralde-Villanueva I, del Corral T, Plaza-Manzano G. A tele-health primary care rehabilitation program improves self-perceived exertion in COVID-19 survivors experiencing Post-COVID fatigue and dyspnea: A quasi-experimental study. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0271802. [PMID: 35926004 PMCID: PMC9352012 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0271802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Current evidence suggests that up to 70% of COVID-19 survivors develop post-COVID symptoms during the following months after infection. Fatigue and dyspnea seem to be the most prevalent post-COVID symptoms. Objective To analyze whether a tele-rehabilitation exercise program is able to improve self-perceived physical exertion in patients with post-COVID fatigue and dyspnea. Methods Sixty-eight COVID-19 survivors exhibiting post-COVID fatigue and dyspnea derived to four Primary Health Care centers located in Madrid were enrolled in this quasi-experimental study. A tele-rehabilitation program based on patient education, physical activity, airway clearing, and breathing exercise interventions was structured on eighteen sessions (3 sessions/week). Self-perceived physical exertion during daily living activities, dyspnea severity, health-related quality of life and distance walked and changes in oxygen saturation and heart rate during the 6-Minute walking test were assessed at baseline, after the program and at 1- and 3-months follow-up periods. Results Daily living activities, dyspnea severity and quality of life improved significantly at all follow-ups (p<0.001). Additionally, a significant increase in oxygen saturation before and after the 6-Minute Walking test was found when compared with baseline (P<0.001). Heart rate adaptations at rest were found during the follow-up periods (P = 0.012). Lower perceived exertion before and after the 6-Minute Walking test were also observed, even if larger distance were walked (P<0.001). Conclusion Tele-rehabilitation programs could be an effective strategy to reduce post-COVID fatigue and dyspnea in COVID-19 survivors. In addition, it could also reduce the economic burden of acute COVID-19, reaching a greater number of patients and releasing Intensive Unit Care beds for prioritized patients with a severe disease. Study registration The international OSF Registry registration link is https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/T8SYB.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Calvo-Paniagua
- Gerencia Asistencial Atención Primaria de Madrid, Centro de Salud Dr. Castroviejo, Madrid, Spain
| | - María José Díaz-Arribas
- Department of Radiology, Rehabilitation and Physiotherapy, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
- * E-mail:
| | - Juan Antonio Valera-Calero
- VALTRADOFI Research Group, Department of Physical Therapy, Universidad Camilo José Cela, Villanueva de la Cañada, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - César Fernández-de-las-Peñas
- Department of Physical Therapy, Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Alcorcón, Spain
| | - Ibai López-de-Uralde-Villanueva
- Department of Radiology, Rehabilitation and Physiotherapy, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Tamara del Corral
- Department of Radiology, Rehabilitation and Physiotherapy, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Gustavo Plaza-Manzano
- Department of Radiology, Rehabilitation and Physiotherapy, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
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Fernández-de-las-Peñas C, Rodríguez-Jiménez J, Palacios-Ceña M, de-la-Llave-Rincón AI, Fuensalida-Novo S, Florencio LL, Ambite-Quesada S, Ortega-Santiago R, Arias-Buría JL, Liew BXW, Hernández-Barrera V, Cigarán-Méndez M. Psychometric Properties of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) in Previously Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19159273. [PMID: 35954630 PMCID: PMC9367824 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19159273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus is associated with psychological/emotional disturbances. This study aimed to assess internal consistency, reliability, and construct validity of the Hospital Anxiety and Depressive Scale (HADS), as a patient-reported outcome measure (PROM) for evaluating emotional consequences of SARS-CoV-2 in hospitalized COVID-19 survivors with long COVID. The LONG-COVID-EXP-CM is a multicenter cohort study including patients hospitalized by COVID-19 during the first wave of the pandemic in five hospitals in Madrid. A total of 1969 (age: 61 ± 16 years, 46.5% women) COVID-19 survivors experiencing post-COVID symptoms a mean of 8.4 ± 1.5 months after hospital discharge completed HADS. Internal consistency (Cronbach α), reliability (item-internal consistency, item-discriminant validity), construct validity (confirmatory factor analysis), and floor effect and ceiling effect were calculated. The mean time for fulfilling HADS was 65 ± 12 s. A ceiling effect ranging from 1.99% to 13.74% and a floor effect ranging from 43.05% to 77.77% was observed. Based on the item-scale correlation coefficients, the Cronbach’s alpha values reflecting the internal consistency reliability were 0.890 for the anxiety scale (HADS-A) and 0.856 for the depressive scale (HADS-D) The correlation coefficient between HADS-A and HADS-D scores was excellent (r: 0.878). The confirmatory factor analysis revealed that five out of the seven fitness indexes were excellent: CFI = 0.969, NNFI = 0.963; TLI = 0.963; AGFI = 0.951; GFI = 0.972), supporting good construct validity. In conclusion, this study indicates that both anxiety and depressive symptoms scales of HADS had overall good psychometric properties to be used for assessing psychological and emotional stress in COVID-19 survivors with long COVID.
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Affiliation(s)
- César Fernández-de-las-Peñas
- Department of Physical Therapy, Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28922 Alcorcón, Spain; (J.R.-J.); (M.P.-C.); (A.I.d.-l.-L.-R.); (S.F.-N.); (L.L.F.); (S.A.-Q.); (R.O.-S.); (J.L.A.-B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: (+34)-91-488-88-84
| | - Jorge Rodríguez-Jiménez
- Department of Physical Therapy, Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28922 Alcorcón, Spain; (J.R.-J.); (M.P.-C.); (A.I.d.-l.-L.-R.); (S.F.-N.); (L.L.F.); (S.A.-Q.); (R.O.-S.); (J.L.A.-B.)
| | - María Palacios-Ceña
- Department of Physical Therapy, Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28922 Alcorcón, Spain; (J.R.-J.); (M.P.-C.); (A.I.d.-l.-L.-R.); (S.F.-N.); (L.L.F.); (S.A.-Q.); (R.O.-S.); (J.L.A.-B.)
| | - Ana I de-la-Llave-Rincón
- Department of Physical Therapy, Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28922 Alcorcón, Spain; (J.R.-J.); (M.P.-C.); (A.I.d.-l.-L.-R.); (S.F.-N.); (L.L.F.); (S.A.-Q.); (R.O.-S.); (J.L.A.-B.)
| | - Stella Fuensalida-Novo
- Department of Physical Therapy, Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28922 Alcorcón, Spain; (J.R.-J.); (M.P.-C.); (A.I.d.-l.-L.-R.); (S.F.-N.); (L.L.F.); (S.A.-Q.); (R.O.-S.); (J.L.A.-B.)
| | - Lidiane L. Florencio
- Department of Physical Therapy, Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28922 Alcorcón, Spain; (J.R.-J.); (M.P.-C.); (A.I.d.-l.-L.-R.); (S.F.-N.); (L.L.F.); (S.A.-Q.); (R.O.-S.); (J.L.A.-B.)
| | - Silvia Ambite-Quesada
- Department of Physical Therapy, Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28922 Alcorcón, Spain; (J.R.-J.); (M.P.-C.); (A.I.d.-l.-L.-R.); (S.F.-N.); (L.L.F.); (S.A.-Q.); (R.O.-S.); (J.L.A.-B.)
| | - Ricardo Ortega-Santiago
- Department of Physical Therapy, Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28922 Alcorcón, Spain; (J.R.-J.); (M.P.-C.); (A.I.d.-l.-L.-R.); (S.F.-N.); (L.L.F.); (S.A.-Q.); (R.O.-S.); (J.L.A.-B.)
| | - José L. Arias-Buría
- Department of Physical Therapy, Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28922 Alcorcón, Spain; (J.R.-J.); (M.P.-C.); (A.I.d.-l.-L.-R.); (S.F.-N.); (L.L.F.); (S.A.-Q.); (R.O.-S.); (J.L.A.-B.)
| | - Bernard X. W. Liew
- School of Sport, Rehabilitation and Exercise Sciences, University of Essex, Colchester CO4 3SQ, UK;
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Mendonça MM, da Cruz KR, dos Santos Silva FC, Fontes MAP, Xavier CH. Are hemoglobin-derived peptides involved in the neuropsychiatric symptoms caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection? REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE PSIQUIATRIA (SAO PAULO, BRAZIL : 1999) 2022; 44. [PMID: 35896170 PMCID: PMC9375661 DOI: 10.47626/1516-4446-2021-2339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Follow-up of patients affected by COVID-19 has unveiled remarkable findings. Among the several sequelae caused by SARS-CoV-2 viral infection, it is particularly noteworthy that patients are prone to developing depression, anxiety, cognitive disorders, and dementia as part of the post-COVID-19 syndrome. The multisystem aspects of this disease suggest that multiple mechanisms may converge towards post-infection clinical manifestations. The literature provides mechanistic hypotheses related to changes in classical neurotransmission evoked by SARS-CoV-2 infection; nonetheless, the interaction of peripherally originated classical and non-canonic peptidergic systems may play a putative role in this neuropathology. A wealth of robust findings shows that hemoglobin-derived peptides are able to control cognition, memory, anxiety, and depression through different mechanisms. Early erythrocytic death is found during COVID-19, which would cause excess production of hemoglobin-derived peptides. Following from this premise, the present review sheds light on a possible involvement of hemoglobin-derived molecules in the COVID-19 pathophysiology by fostering neuroscientific evidence that supports the contribution of this non-canonic peptidergic pathway. This rationale may broaden knowledge beyond the currently available data, motivating further studies in the field and paving ways for novel laboratory tests and clinical approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Mendanha Mendonça
- Laboratório de Neurobiologia de Sistemas, Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Kellen Rosa da Cruz
- Laboratório de Neurobiologia de Sistemas, Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Cacilda dos Santos Silva
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Cardiovascular, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil
| | - Marco Antônio Peliky Fontes
- Laboratório de Hipertensão, Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Carlos Henrique Xavier
- Laboratório de Neurobiologia de Sistemas, Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
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El‐Qushayri AE, Reda A, Dahy A, Azzam AY, Ghozy S. The impact of COVID 19 on the outcomes of thrombectomy in stroke patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Rev Med Virol 2022; 33:e2379. [PMID: 35833712 PMCID: PMC9349746 DOI: 10.1002/rmv.2379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
We aimed to conduct the current meta-analysis to provide better insight into the efficacy of mechanical thrombectomy (MT) in managing COVID-19 patients suffering from a stroke. An electronic search was conducted through eight databases for collecting the current evidence about the efficacy of MT in stroke patients with COVID-19 until 18 December 2021. The results were reported as the pooled prevalence rates and the odds ratios (ORs), with their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI). Out of 648 records, we included nine studies. The prevalence of stroke patients with COVID-19 who received MT treatment was with TICI ≥2b 79% (95%CI: 73-85), symptomatic intracranial haemorrhage 6% (95%CI: 3-11), parenchymal haematoma type 1, 11.1% (95%CI: 5-23), and mortality 29% (95%CI: 24-35). On further comparison of MT procedure between stroke patients with COVID 19 to those without COVID-19, we found no significant difference in terms of TICI ≥2b score (OR: 0.85; 95%CI: 0.03-23; p = 0.9). However, we found that stroke patients with COVID-19 had a significantly higher mortality rate than stroke patients without COVID-19 after MT procedure (OR: 2.99; 95%CI: 2.01-4.45; p < 0.001). Stroke patients with COVID-19 can be safely and effectively treated with MT, with comparable reperfusion and complication rates to those without the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Sherief Ghozy
- Department of NeuroradiologyMayo ClinicRochesterMinnesotaUSA,Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences and Department for Continuing Education (EBHC program)Oxford UniversityOxfordUK
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Will the Use of Pharmacogenetics Improve Treatment Efficiency in COVID-19? Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15060739. [PMID: 35745658 PMCID: PMC9230944 DOI: 10.3390/ph15060739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic is associated with a global health crisis and the greatest challenge for scientists and doctors. The virus causes severe acute respiratory syndrome with an outcome that is fatal in more vulnerable populations. Due to the need to find an efficient treatment in a short time, there were several drugs that were repurposed or repositioned for COVID-19. There are many types of available COVID-19 therapies, including antiviral agents (remdesivir, lopinavir/ritonavir, oseltamivir), antibiotics (azithromycin), antiparasitics (chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine, ivermectin), and corticosteroids (dexamethasone). A combination of antivirals with various mechanisms of action may be more efficient. However, the use of some of these medicines can be related to the occurrence of adverse effects. Some promising drug candidates have been found to be ineffective in clinical trials. The knowledge of pharmacogenetic issues, which translate into variability in drug conversion from prodrug into drug, metabolism as well as transport, could help to predict treatment efficiency and the occurrence of adverse effects in patients. However, many drugs used for the treatment of COVID-19 have not undergone pharmacogenetic studies, perhaps as a result of the lack of time.
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Pathak EB, Menard JM, Garcia RB, Salemi JL. Joint Effects of Socioeconomic Position, Race/Ethnicity, and Gender on COVID-19 Mortality among Working-Age Adults in the United States. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:5479. [PMID: 35564872 PMCID: PMC9102098 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19095479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Substantial racial/ethnic and gender disparities in COVID-19 mortality have been previously documented. However, few studies have investigated the impact of individual socioeconomic position (SEP) on these disparities. Objectives: To determine the joint effects of SEP, race/ethnicity, and gender on the burden of COVID-19 mortality. A secondary objective was to determine whether differences in opportunities for remote work were correlated with COVID-19 death rates for sociodemographic groups. Design: Annual mortality study which used a special government tabulation of 2020 COVID-19-related deaths stratified by decedents' SEP (measured by educational attainment), gender, and race/ethnicity. Setting: United States in 2020. Participants: COVID-19 decedents aged 25 to 64 years old (n = 69,001). Exposures: Socioeconomic position (low, intermediate, and high), race/ethnicity (Hispanic, Black, Asian, Indigenous, multiracial, and non-Hispanic white), and gender (women and men). Detailed census data on occupations held by adults in 2020 in each of the 36 sociodemographic groups studied were used to quantify the possibility of remote work for each group. Main Outcomes and Measures: Age-adjusted COVID-19 death rates for 36 sociodemographic groups. Disparities were quantified by relative risks and 95% confidence intervals. High-SEP adults were the (low-risk) referent group for all relative risk calculations. Results: A higher proportion of Hispanics, Blacks, and Indigenous people were in a low SEP in 2020, compared with whites. COVID-19 mortality was five times higher for low vs. high-SEP adults (72.2 vs. 14.6 deaths per 100,000, RR = 4.94, 95% CI 4.82-5.05). The joint detriments of low SEP, Hispanic ethnicity, and male gender resulted in a COVID-19 death rate which was over 27 times higher (178.0 vs. 6.5 deaths/100,000, RR = 27.4, 95% CI 25.9-28.9) for low-SEP Hispanic men vs. high-SEP white women. In regression modeling, percent of the labor force in never remote jobs explained 72% of the variance in COVID-19 death rates. Conclusions and Relevance: SARS-CoV-2 infection control efforts should prioritize low-SEP adults (i.e., the working class), particularly the majority with "never remote" jobs characterized by inflexible and unsafe working conditions (i.e., blue collar, service, and retail sales workers).
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth B. Pathak
- Women’s Institute for Independent Social Enquiry (WiiSE), Olney, MD 20832, USA; (J.M.M.); (R.B.G.)
| | - Janelle M. Menard
- Women’s Institute for Independent Social Enquiry (WiiSE), Olney, MD 20832, USA; (J.M.M.); (R.B.G.)
| | - Rebecca B. Garcia
- Women’s Institute for Independent Social Enquiry (WiiSE), Olney, MD 20832, USA; (J.M.M.); (R.B.G.)
- Premise Health, Brentwood, TN 37027, USA
| | - Jason L. Salemi
- College of Public Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA;
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Shroff D, Kumar S, Naidu A, Gupta C, Shroff CM. Retinal vasoocclusive spectrum following COVID-19. Indian J Ophthalmol 2022; 70:1412-1415. [PMID: 35326069 PMCID: PMC9240570 DOI: 10.4103/ijo.ijo_2837_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The coagulation abnormalities and thromboembolic complications of coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) are now a well-established fact. The hypercoagulable state, the tendency for thromboembolism, and a cytokine surge state have been the exclusive reasons for multiorgan failure and other morbidities that have been regularly reported in COVID-19 patients. Ocular involvement in patients with active disease and those who have recovered is uncommon but not rare. We report a case series of four patients with CRVO, BRVO, CRAO, and vitreous hemorrhage in patients with proven COVID-19 infection and no other systemic ailments. The case series also tries to correlate the elevated D-dimer values, which signify a plausible prothrombotic state with the vaso-occlusive phenomenon in the retina leading to significant visual morbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daraius Shroff
- Retina and Vitreous, Shroff Eye Centre, New Delhi, India
| | - Sandeep Kumar
- Retina and Vitreous, Shroff Eye Centre, New Delhi, India
| | - Anushree Naidu
- Retina and Vitreous, Shroff Eye Centre, New Delhi, India
| | - Charu Gupta
- Retina and Vitreous, Shroff Eye Centre, New Delhi, India
| | - Cyrus M Shroff
- Retina and Vitreous, Shroff Eye Centre, New Delhi, India
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Brandi N, Ciccarese F, Rimondi MR, Balacchi C, Modolon C, Sportoletti C, Renzulli M, Coppola F, Golfieri R. An Imaging Overview of COVID-19 ARDS in ICU Patients and Its Complications: A Pictorial Review. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:846. [PMID: 35453894 PMCID: PMC9032937 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12040846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
A significant proportion of patients with COVID-19 pneumonia could develop acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), thus requiring mechanical ventilation, and resulting in a high rate of intensive care unit (ICU) admission. Several complications can arise during an ICU stay, from both COVID-19 infection and the respiratory supporting system, including barotraumas (pneumothorax and pneumomediastinum), superimposed pneumonia, coagulation disorders (pulmonary embolism, venous thromboembolism, hemorrhages and acute ischemic stroke), abdominal involvement (acute mesenteric ischemia, pancreatitis and acute kidney injury) and sarcopenia. Imaging plays a pivotal role in the detection and monitoring of ICU complications and is expanding even to prognosis prediction. The present pictorial review describes the clinicopathological and radiological findings of COVID-19 ARDS in ICU patients and discusses the imaging features of complications related to invasive ventilation support, as well as those of COVID-19 itself in this particularly fragile population. Radiologists need to be familiar with COVID-19's possible extra-pulmonary complications and, through reliable and constant monitoring, guide therapeutic decisions. Moreover, as more research is pursued and the pathophysiology of COVID-19 is increasingly understood, the role of imaging must evolve accordingly, expanding from the diagnosis and subsequent management of patients to prognosis prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolò Brandi
- Department of Radiology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Via Albertoni 15, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (F.C.); (C.B.); (M.R.); (F.C.); (R.G.)
| | - Federica Ciccarese
- Department of Radiology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Via Albertoni 15, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (F.C.); (C.B.); (M.R.); (F.C.); (R.G.)
| | - Maria Rita Rimondi
- Cardio-Thoracic Radiology Unit, University Hospital S.Orsola-Malpighi, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (M.R.R.); (C.M.); (C.S.)
| | - Caterina Balacchi
- Department of Radiology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Via Albertoni 15, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (F.C.); (C.B.); (M.R.); (F.C.); (R.G.)
| | - Cecilia Modolon
- Cardio-Thoracic Radiology Unit, University Hospital S.Orsola-Malpighi, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (M.R.R.); (C.M.); (C.S.)
| | - Camilla Sportoletti
- Cardio-Thoracic Radiology Unit, University Hospital S.Orsola-Malpighi, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (M.R.R.); (C.M.); (C.S.)
| | - Matteo Renzulli
- Department of Radiology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Via Albertoni 15, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (F.C.); (C.B.); (M.R.); (F.C.); (R.G.)
| | - Francesca Coppola
- Department of Radiology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Via Albertoni 15, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (F.C.); (C.B.); (M.R.); (F.C.); (R.G.)
- Italian Society of Medical and Interventional Radiology, SIRM Foundation, Via della Signora 2, 20122 Milano, Italy
| | - Rita Golfieri
- Department of Radiology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Via Albertoni 15, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (F.C.); (C.B.); (M.R.); (F.C.); (R.G.)
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Fernández-de-Las-Peñas C, Martín-Guerrero JD, Navarro-Pardo E, Torres-Macho J, Guijarro C, Pellicer-Valero OJ. Exploring the recovery curve for gastrointestinal symptoms from the acute COVID-19 phase to long-term post-COVID: The LONG-COVID-EXP-CM Multicenter Study. J Med Virol 2022; 94:2925-2927. [PMID: 35315087 PMCID: PMC9088575 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.27727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- César Fernández-de-Las-Peñas
- Department of Physical Therapy, Occupational Therapy, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), Madrid, Spain
| | - José D Martín-Guerrero
- Intelligent Data Analysis Laboratory, Department of Electronic Engineering, ETSE (Engineering School), Universitat de València (UV), Valencia, Spain
| | - Esperanza Navarro-Pardo
- Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology, Universitat de València (UV), València, Spain
| | - Juan Torres-Macho
- Department of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Infanta Leonor-Virgen de la Torre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Guijarro
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Fundación Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Medicine, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Oscar J Pellicer-Valero
- Intelligent Data Analysis Laboratory, Department of Electronic Engineering, ETSE (Engineering School), Universitat de València (UV), Valencia, Spain
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48
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Kuchi A, Wu J, Fuloria J, Hicks C. Landscape of Molecular Crosstalk Perturbation between Lung Cancer and COVID-19. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:3454. [PMID: 35329141 PMCID: PMC8953719 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19063454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lung cancer patients have the worst outcomes when affected by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The molecular mechanisms underlying the association between lung cancer and COVID-19 remain unknown. The objective of this investigation was to determine whether there is crosstalk in molecular perturbation between COVID-19 and lung cancer, and to identify a molecular signature, molecular networks and signaling pathways shared by the two diseases. METHODS We analyzed publicly available gene expression data from 52 severely affected COVID-19 human lung samples, 594 lung tumor samples and 54 normal disease-free lung samples. We performed network and pathways analysis to identify molecular networks and signaling pathways shared by the two diseases. RESULTS The investigation revealed a signature of genes associated with both diseases and signatures of genes uniquely associated with each disease, confirming crosstalk in molecular perturbation between COVID-19 and lung cancer. In addition, the analysis revealed molecular networks and signaling pathways associated with both diseases. CONCLUSIONS The investigation revealed crosstalk in molecular perturbation between COVID-19 and lung cancer, and molecular networks and signaling pathways associated with the two diseases. Further research on a population impacted by both diseases is recommended to elucidate molecular drivers of the association between the two diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditi Kuchi
- Department of Genetics and the Bioinformatics and Genomics Program, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, School of Medicine, 533 Bolivar Street, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Jiande Wu
- Department of Genetics and the Bioinformatics and Genomics Program, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, School of Medicine, 533 Bolivar Street, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Jyotsna Fuloria
- University Medical Center New Orleans, 2000 Canal Street, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Chindo Hicks
- Department of Genetics and the Bioinformatics and Genomics Program, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, School of Medicine, 533 Bolivar Street, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
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49
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Wang L, Yang N, Yang J, Zhao S, Su C. A Review: The Manifestations, Mechanisms, and Treatments of Musculoskeletal Pain in Patients With COVID-19. FRONTIERS IN PAIN RESEARCH 2022; 3:826160. [PMID: 35295802 PMCID: PMC8915767 DOI: 10.3389/fpain.2022.826160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The outbreak of COVID-19 poses a serious threat to global health. Musculoskeletal (MSK) pain is the most frequent symptom in patients with COVID-19 besides fever and cough. There are limited studies addressing MSK symptoms in patients with COVID-19. This review aims to provide an overview of current studies related to MSK pain in patients with COVID-19, summarize the possible mechanisms of myalgia, and describe the current management options. In addition to acute respiratory manifestations, COVID-19 might also affect neurological systems which include skeletal manifestations and muscular injury. A possible mechanism of MSK pain and myalgia in COVID-19 may be related to the distribution of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE-2) and the occurrence of cytokine storms. ACE-2 has been shown to be the receptor of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV2). Moreover, studies have shown that inflammatory cytokines could cause myalgia by inducing prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production. In addition, it was also found that the plasma levels of IL2, IL7, IL10, IL-6, TNFα, and e lymphopenia were higher in patients with COVID-19. In general, the treatment of MSK pain in patients with COVID-19 falls into pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions. Various treatments of each have its own merits. The role of vaccination is irreplaceable in the efforts to prevent COVID-19 and mitigates its subsequent symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hunan Cancer Hospital/The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Medicine, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Na Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hunan Cancer Hospital/The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jinfeng Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hunan Cancer Hospital/The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shuwu Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hunan Cancer Hospital/The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Shuwu Zhao
| | - Chen Su
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hunan Cancer Hospital/The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Chen Su
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50
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Mogro EG, Bottero D, Lozano MJ. Analysis of SARS-CoV-2 synonymous codon usage evolution throughout the COVID-19 pandemic. Virology 2022; 568:56-71. [PMID: 35134624 PMCID: PMC8808327 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2022.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2, the seventh coronavirus known to infect humans, can cause severe life-threatening respiratory pathologies. To better understand SARS-CoV-2 evolution, genome-wide analyses have been made, including the general characterization of its codons usage profile. Here we present a bioinformatic analysis of the evolution of SARS-CoV-2 codon usage over time using complete genomes collected since December 2019. Our results show that SARS-CoV-2 codon usage pattern is antagonistic to, and it is getting farther away from that of the human host. Further, a selection of deoptimized codons over time, which was accompanied by a decrease in both the codon adaptation index and the effective number of codons, was observed. All together, these findings suggest that SARS-CoV-2 could be evolving, at least from the perspective of the synonymous codon usage, to become less pathogenic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ezequiel G Mogro
- Instituto de Biotecnología y Biología Molecular (IBBM), CONICET, CCT-La Plata, Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP), Argentina
| | - Daniela Bottero
- Instituto de Biotecnología y Biología Molecular (IBBM), CONICET, CCT-La Plata, Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP), Argentina
| | - Mauricio J Lozano
- Instituto de Biotecnología y Biología Molecular (IBBM), CONICET, CCT-La Plata, Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP), Argentina.
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