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Francis EC, Kechris K, Johnson RK, Rawal S, Pathmasiri W, Rushing BR, Du X, Jansson T, Dabelea D, Sumner SJ, Perng W. Maternal Serum Metabolomics in Mid-Pregnancy Identifies Lipid Pathways as a Key Link to Offspring Obesity in Early Childhood. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7620. [PMID: 39062861 PMCID: PMC11276882 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25147620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2024] [Revised: 06/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Maternal metabolism during pregnancy shapes offspring health via in utero programming. In the Healthy Start study, we identified five subgroups of pregnant women based on conventional metabolic biomarkers: Reference (n = 360); High HDL-C (n = 289); Dyslipidemic-High TG (n = 149); Dyslipidemic-High FFA (n = 180); Insulin Resistant (IR)-Hyperglycemic (n = 87). These subgroups not only captured metabolic heterogeneity among pregnant participants but were also associated with offspring obesity in early childhood, even among women without obesity or diabetes. Here, we utilize metabolomics data to enrich characterization of the metabolic subgroups and identify key compounds driving between-group differences. We analyzed fasting blood samples from 1065 pregnant women at 18 gestational weeks using untargeted metabolomics. We used weighted gene correlation network analysis (WGCNA) to derive a global network based on the Reference subgroup and characterized distinct metabolite modules representative of the different metabolomic profiles. We used the mummichog algorithm for pathway enrichment and identified key compounds that differed across the subgroups. Eight metabolite modules representing pathways such as the carnitine-acylcarnitine translocase system, fatty acid biosynthesis and activation, and glycerophospholipid metabolism were identified. A module that included 189 compounds related to DHA peroxidation, oxidative stress, and sex hormone biosynthesis was elevated in the Insulin Resistant-Hyperglycemic vs. the Reference subgroup. This module was positively correlated with total cholesterol (R:0.10; p-value < 0.0001) and free fatty acids (R:0.07; p-value < 0.05). Oxidative stress and inflammatory pathways may underlie insulin resistance during pregnancy, even below clinical diabetes thresholds. These findings highlight potential therapeutic targets and strategies for pregnancy risk stratification and reveal mechanisms underlying the developmental origins of metabolic disease risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen C. Francis
- Department of Biostatistics & Epidemiology, Rutgers School of Public Health, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Katerina Kechris
- Department of Biostatistics & Informatics, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, CO 80045, USA;
| | - Randi K. Johnson
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA;
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (D.D.); (W.P.)
| | - Shristi Rawal
- Department of Clinical and Preventive Nutrition Sciences, School of Health Professions, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ 07102, USA;
| | - Wimal Pathmasiri
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; (W.P.); (B.R.R.)
- Nutrition Research Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Blake R. Rushing
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; (W.P.); (B.R.R.)
- Nutrition Research Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Xiuxia Du
- Department of Bioinformatics and Genomics, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, 9201 University City Blvd, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA;
| | - Thomas Jansson
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA;
| | - Dana Dabelea
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (D.D.); (W.P.)
- The Lifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes (LEAD) Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Susan J. Sumner
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; (W.P.); (B.R.R.)
- Nutrition Research Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Wei Perng
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (D.D.); (W.P.)
- The Lifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes (LEAD) Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
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Song AY, Bulka CM, Niemiec SS, Kechris K, Boyle KE, Marsit CJ, O’Shea TM, Fry RC, Lyall K, Fallin MD, Volk HE, Ladd-Acosta C. Accelerated epigenetic age at birth and child emotional and behavioura development in early childhood: a meta-analysis of four prospective cohort studies in ECHO. Epigenetics 2023; 18:2254971. [PMID: 37691382 PMCID: PMC10496525 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2023.2254971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: 'Epigenetic clocks' have been developed to accurately predict chronologic gestational age and have been associated with child health outcomes in prior work.Methods: We meta-analysed results from four prospective U.S cohorts investigating the association between epigenetic age acceleration estimated using blood DNA methylation collected at birth and preschool age Childhood Behavior Checklist (CBCL) scores.Results: Epigenetic ageing was not significantly associated with CBCL total problem scores (β = 0.33, 95% CI: -0.95, 0.28) and DSM-oriented pervasive development problem scores (β = -0.23, 95% CI: -0.61, 0.15). No associations were observed for other DSM-oriented subscales.Conclusions: The meta-analysis results suggest that epigenetic gestational age acceleration is not associated with child emotional and behavioural functioning for preschool age group. These findings may relate to our study population, which includes two cohorts enriched for ASD and one preterm birth cohort.; future work should address the role of epigenetic age in child health in other study populations.Abbreviations: DNAm: DNA methylation; CBCL: Child Behavioral Checklist; ECHO: Environmental Influences on Child Health Outcomes; EARLI: Early Autism Risk Longitudinal Investigation; MARBLES: Markers of Autism Risk in Babies - Learning Early Signs; ELGAN: Extremely Low Gestational Age Newborns; ASD: autism spectrum disorder; BMI: body mass index; DSM: Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley Y. Song
- Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Wendy Klag Center for Autism and Developmental Disabilities, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Sierra S. Niemiec
- Department of Biostatistics and Informatics, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Katerina Kechris
- Department of Biostatistics and Informatics, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Kristen E. Boyle
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Carmen J. Marsit
- Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - T. Michael O’Shea
- Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Rebecca C. Fry
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Kristen Lyall
- A.J. Drexel Autism Institute, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Heather E. Volk
- Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Christine Ladd-Acosta
- Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Wendy Klag Center for Autism and Developmental Disabilities, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Kong KL, Lee JK, Shisler S, Thanos PK, Huestis MA, Hawk L, Eiden RD. Prenatal tobacco and cannabis co-exposure and offspring obesity development from birth to mid-childhood. Pediatr Obes 2023; 18:e13010. [PMID: 36734672 PMCID: PMC10288513 DOI: 10.1111/ijpo.13010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although the association between prenatal tobacco exposure and child obesity risk is well-established, less is known about co-exposure to tobacco and cannabis. OBJECTIVE Determine the relation between prenatal substance co-exposure and obesity risk. METHODS In a diverse sample of pregnant women, we examined the association between prenatal substance exposure (tobacco-only and co-exposure) and child BMI (kg/m2 ) trajectories from birth to mid-childhood (n = 262), overweight/obese status based on BMI percentiles from toddlerhood (24 months) to mid-childhood (9-12 years), and adiposity outcomes at mid-childhood (fat mass [kg], fat mass [%] and fat free mass [kg]; n = 128). Given that the major goal of this study was to examine the associations between prenatal substance exposure and child outcomes, we oversampled pregnant women for substance use (with tobacco as the primary focus). RESULTS Multilevel models demonstrated that children in both exposure groups had a steeper increase in BMI trajectory from birth to mid-childhood and among co-exposed children, girls had a steeper increase than boys. Odds ratio of having obesity by mid-childhood was 12 times higher among those co-exposed than non-exposed. Co-exposure led to significantly greater fat mass and fat mass % compared with no exposure, but exposure to only tobacco was no different than no exposure. CONCLUSIONS Results highlight potentiating effects of cannabis exposure in the context of maternal tobacco use in pregnancy on obesity risk and the importance of multi-method assessments of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Ling Kong
- Baby Health Behavior Lab, Division of Health Services and Outcomes Research, Children’s Mercy Research Institute, Children’s Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, MO, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Missouri- Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Jin-kyung Lee
- Department of Psychology and The Social Science Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16801, USA
| | - Shannon Shisler
- Department of Psychology, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, 14203, USA
| | - Panayotis K. Thanos
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
| | - Marilyn A. Huestis
- Institute on Emerging Health Professions, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Larry Hawk
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
| | - Rina D. Eiden
- Department of Psychology and The Social Science Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16801, USA
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Perng W, Aris IM, Slopen N, Younoszai N, Swanson V, Mueller NT, Sauder KA, Dabelea D. Application of Life's Essential 8 to assess cardiovascular health during early childhood. Ann Epidemiol 2023; 80:16-24. [PMID: 36773850 PMCID: PMC10040436 DOI: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2023.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Assess cardiovascular health (CVH) during early childhood using the American Heart Association's recently updated construct, Life's Essential 8 (LE8); examine concordance in CVH status per LE8 versus Life's Simple 7 (LS7); and identify perinatal correlates of high CVH per LE8. METHODS We applied LE8 and LS7 to data from 305 children aged 4-7 years in Denver, CO; estimated % low, moderate, high, and optimal CVH; assessed concordance in CVH status based on LE8 and LS7 using contingency tables; and used multivariable logistic regression to identify early-life correlates of high CVH per LE8. RESULTS Average age of children was 4.7 ± 0.6 years, 44.6% were female. No participants had low or optimal CVH, 43.9% had high, and 56.1% had moderate CVH per LE8, whereas 33.4% had high and 66.6% had moderate CVH per LS7. Twenty-two percent had high CVH based on both constructs. Correlates of high CVH were maternal prenatal diet quality (odds ratioHealthy Eating Index score>vs. ≤57 = 1.90 [1.12, 3.21]) and child age (odds ratioper 1 year = 1.58 [1.04. 2.42]). CONCLUSIONS LE8 yielded higher prevalence of high CVH than LS7 during early childhood, though there is modest concordance between the two constructs. Maternal diet is a potential modifiable target to optimize early-life CVH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Perng
- Lifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes (LEAD) Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO; Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO.
| | - Izzuddin M Aris
- Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA
| | - Natalie Slopen
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Nolan Younoszai
- Lifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes (LEAD) Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
| | - Valerie Swanson
- Lifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes (LEAD) Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
| | - Noel T Mueller
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
| | - Katherine A Sauder
- Lifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes (LEAD) Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO; Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO; Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, CO
| | - Dana Dabelea
- Lifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes (LEAD) Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO; Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO; Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, CO
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Hoyt AT, Wilkinson AV, Langlois PH, Galeener CE, Ranjit N, Sauder KA, Dabelea DM, Moore BF. Prenatal exposure to tobacco and adverse birth outcomes: effect modification by folate intake during pregnancy. Matern Health Neonatol Perinatol 2022; 8:6. [PMID: 36096906 PMCID: PMC9465971 DOI: 10.1186/s40748-022-00141-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fetal exposure to tobacco increases the risk for many adverse birth outcomes, but whether diet mitigates these risks has yet to be explored. Here, we examined whether maternal folate intake (from foods and supplements) during pregnancy modified the association between prenatal exposure to tobacco and with preterm delivery, small-for-gestational age (SGA) births, or neonatal adiposity. METHODS Mother-child pairs (n = 701) from Healthy Start were included in this analysis. Urinary cotinine was measured at ~ 27 weeks gestation. Diet was assessed using repeated 24-h dietary recalls. Neonatal adiposity (fat mass percentage) was measured via air displacement plethysmography. Interaction was assessed by including a product term between cotinine (< / ≥ limit of detection [LOD]) and folate (< / ≥ 25th percentile [1077 µg/day]) in separate logistic or linear regression models, adjusting for maternal age, race, ethnicity, education, pre-pregnancy body mass index, and infant sex. RESULTS Approximately 26% of women had detectable levels of cotinine. Folate intake was significantly lower among women with cotinine ≥ LOD as compared to those with cotinine < LOD (1293 µg/day vs. 1418 µg/day; p = 0.01). Folate modified the association between fetal exposure to tobacco with neonatal adiposity (p for interaction = 0.07) and SGA (p for interaction = 0.07). Among those with lower folate intake, fetal exposure to tobacco was associated with lower neonatal adiposity (mean difference: -2.09%; 95% CI: -3.44, -0.74) and increased SGA risk (OR: 4.99; 95% CI: 1.55, 16.14). Conversely, among those with higher folate intake, there was no difference in neonatal adiposity (mean difference: -0.17%; 95% CI: -1.13, 0.79) or SGA risk (OR: 1.15; 95% CI: 0.57, 2.31). CONCLUSIONS Increased folate intake during pregnancy (from foods and/or supplements) may mitigate the risk of fetal growth restriction among those who are unable to quit smoking or cannot avoid secondhand smoke during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrienne T Hoyt
- Department of Health Promotion and Behavioral Sciences, UTHealth School of Public Health - Austin Regional Campus, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Anna V Wilkinson
- Department of Epidemiology, UTHealth School of Public Health - Austin Regional Campus, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Peter H Langlois
- Department of Epidemiology, UTHealth School of Public Health - Austin Regional Campus, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Carol E Galeener
- Department of Management, Policy and Community Health, UTHealth School of Public Health- Houston Regional Campus, Fleming Center Health for Care Management, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Nalini Ranjit
- Department of Health Promotion and Behavioral Sciences, UTHealth School of Public Health - Austin Regional Campus, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Katherine A Sauder
- Lifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes (LEAD) CenterDepartment of PediatricsSchool of Medicine, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado, Denver, USA
| | - Dana M Dabelea
- Lifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes (LEAD) Center, Colorado School of Public Health, Department of Pediatrics, Department of Epidemiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Brianna F Moore
- Department of Epidemiology, UTHealth School of Public Health - Austin Regional Campus, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, Austin, TX, USA.
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Francis EC, Dabelea D, Boyle KE, Jansson T, Perng W. Maternal Diet Quality Is Associated with Placental Proteins in the Placental Insulin/Growth Factor, Environmental Stress, Inflammation, and mTOR Signaling Pathways: The Healthy Start ECHO Cohort. J Nutr 2021; 152:816-825. [PMID: 34850052 PMCID: PMC8891174 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxab403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Maternal nutritional status affects placental function, which may underlie the intrauterine origins of obesity and diabetes. The extent to which diet quality is associated with placental signaling and which specific pathways are impacted is unknown. OBJECTIVES To examine sex-specific associations of maternal diet quality according to the Healthy Eating Index (HEI)-developed to align with recommendations from the Dietary Guidelines for Americans-with placental proteins involved in metabolism and mediators of environmental stress, inflammation, and growth factors. METHODS Among 108 women from the Healthy Start cohort with a mean ± SD age of 29.0 ± 6.1 y and a prepregnancy BMI (in kg/m2) of 24.8 ± 5.3, we conducted multivariable linear regression analysis stratified by offspring sex. We adjusted for maternal race or ethnicity, age, education, prenatal smoking habits, and physical activity and tested for an association of maternal HEI >57 compared with ≤57 and the abundance and phosphorylation of key proteins involved in insulin/growth factor signaling; mediators of environmental stress, inflammation, and growth factors; mechanistic target of rapamycin signaling proteins; and energy sensing in placental villus samples. HEI >57 was chosen given its prior relevance among Healthy Start mother-child dyads. RESULTS In adjusted models, HEI >57 was associated with greater abundance of insulin receptor β (0.80; 95% CI: 0.11, 1.49) in placentas of females. In males, maternal HEI >57 was associated with greater activation and abundance of select placental nutrient-sensing proteins and environmental stress, inflammation, and growth factor proteins (S6K1Thr389/S6K1: 0.81; 95% CI: 0.21, 1.41; JNK1Thr183/Tyr185/JNK1: 0.82; 95% CI: 0.27, 1.37; JNK2Thr183/Tyr185/JNK2: 0.57; 95% CI: 0.02, 1.11). CONCLUSIONS Higher-quality diet had sex-specific associations with placental protein abundance/phosphorylation. Given that these proteins have been correlated with neonatal anthropometry, our findings provide insight into modifiable factors and placental pathways that should be examined in future studies as potential links between maternal diet and offspring metabolic health. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02273297.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dana Dabelea
- The Lifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes (LEAD) Center, Aurora, CO, USA,Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA,Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Kristen E Boyle
- The Lifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes (LEAD) Center, Aurora, CO, USA,Section of Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Thomas Jansson
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Wei Perng
- The Lifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes (LEAD) Center, Aurora, CO, USA,Section of Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA,Deptartment of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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Perng W, Francis EC, Schuldt C, Barbosa G, Dabelea D, Sauder KA. Pre- and Perinatal Correlates of Ideal Cardiovascular Health during Early Childhood: A Prospective Analysis in the Healthy Start Study. J Pediatr 2021; 234:187-194. [PMID: 33741366 PMCID: PMC8238850 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2021.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To characterize prevalence of ideal cardiovascular health (ICVH) during early childhood (4-7 years of age), and to identify pre- and perinatal biological, sociodemographic, metabolic, and behavioral correlates of ICVH. STUDY DESIGN Among 350 mother-child pairs in the Healthy Start Study, we defined ICVH as no exposure to second hand smoke; ≥1 hour/day of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity; body mass index ≤85th percentile; systolic and diastolic blood pressure <90th percentile; cholesterol <170 mg/dL, fasting glucose <100 mg/dL; and healthy diet, per the American Heart Association. Pre- and perinatal characteristics were obtained from questionnaires, medical records, and in-person visits. Because of low prevalence of ICVH, we focused on prevalence of meeting ≥6 metrics in the analysis. We examined bivariate associations of each characteristic with % meeting ≥6 metrics and included those that were significant (P < .05) in a multivariable logistic regression model. RESULTS ICVH prevalence at mean ± SD age 4.7±0.6 years was 6.9%; boys had twice the prevalence as girls (9% vs 4.4%). Most (>85%) children met criteria for second hand smoke, body mass index, blood pressure, cholesterol, and glucose, and only one-third met criteria for physical activity (31.4%) and diet (35.1%). In multivariable analyses, key correlates of ICVH were maternal weight status (ORoverweight/obese vs nonoverweight/obese = 0.41 [0.23, 0.73]) and offspring sex (ORmale vs female = 2.14 [1.22, 3.65]). CONCLUSIONS At age 4-7 years, ICVH prevalence is already low, with diet and adequate physical activity being the limiting factors. Healthy maternal weight prior to pregnancy and male sex are potential determinants of childhood ICVH. Additional work is required to explore associations of early-life ICVH with future health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Perng
- Lifcourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes (LEAD) Center, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO; Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO.
| | - Ellen C Francis
- Lifcourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes (LEAD) Center, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
| | - Caylor Schuldt
- Lifcourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes (LEAD) Center, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
| | - Gregory Barbosa
- Lifcourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes (LEAD) Center, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
| | - Dana Dabelea
- Lifcourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes (LEAD) Center, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO; Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO; Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
| | - Katherine A Sauder
- Lifcourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes (LEAD) Center, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO; Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO; Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
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Joint effects of ambient air pollution and maternal smoking on neonatal adiposity and childhood BMI trajectories in the Healthy Start study. Environ Epidemiol 2021; 5:e142. [PMID: 34131612 PMCID: PMC8196098 DOI: 10.1097/ee9.0000000000000142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Coexposure to air pollution and tobacco smoke may influence early-life growth, but few studies have investigated their joint effects. We examined the interaction between fetal exposure to maternal smoking and ozone (O3) or fine particulate matter (PM2.5) on birth weight, neonatal adiposity, and body mass index (BMI) trajectories through age 3 years. Methods Participants were 526 mother-child pairs, born ≥37 weeks. Cotinine was measured at ~27 weeks gestation. Whole pregnancy and trimester-specific O3 and PM2.5 were estimated via. inverse-distance weighted interpolation from stationary monitors. Neonatal adiposity (fat mass percentage) was measured via. air displacement plethysmography. Child weight and length/height were abstracted from medical records. Interaction was assessed by introducing cotinine (<31.5 vs. ≥31.5 ng/mL [indicating active smoking]), O3/PM2.5 (low [tertiles 1-2] vs. high [tertile 3]), and their product term in linear regression models for birth weight and neonatal adiposity and mixed-effects models for BMI trajectories. Results The rate of BMI growth among offspring jointly exposed to maternal smoking and high PM2.5 (between 8.1 and 12.7 μg/m3) in the third trimester was more rapid than would be expected due to the individual exposures alone (0.8 kg/m2 per square root year; 95% CI = 0.1, 1.5; P for interaction = 0.03). We did not detect interactions between maternal smoking and O3 or PM2.5 at any other time on birth weight, neonatal adiposity, or BMI trajectories. Conclusions Although PM2.5 was generally below the EPA annual air quality standards of 12.0 μg/m3, exposure during the third trimester may influence BMI trajectories when combined with maternal smoking.
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Francis EC, Dabelea D, Ringham BM, Sauder KA, Perng W. Maternal blood glucose level and offspring glucose-insulin homeostasis: what is the role of offspring adiposity? Diabetologia 2021; 64:83-94. [PMID: 33021691 PMCID: PMC7718294 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-020-05294-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS The aim of this work was to investigate the association of maternal HbA1c during mid-pregnancy with biomarkers of glucose-insulin homeostasis during early childhood (4-7 years of age) and to assess whether and how offspring adiposity at birth and at age 4-7 years mediates this relationship among 345 mother-child pairs in the Healthy Start Study. METHODS The exposure was maternal HbA1c (mmol/mol) measured at 20-34 gestational weeks and categorised into tertiles. The outcomes were offspring fasting glucose, 1/insulin, HOMA2-IR, and HOMA2-B at age 4-7 years. The mediators were per cent fat mass (%FM) at birth, %FM at age 4-7 years, and the sum of the two as a metric of cumulative adiposity. Mediation analyses were conducted via a counterfactual-based approach. All models accounted for maternal race/ethnicity, offspring age and sex. RESULTS There was a significant total effect of maternal HbA1c on offspring glucose and 1/insulin. Specifically, we observed a positive trend across tertiles of HbA1c and offspring glucose (p trend <0.001), and an inverse trend across tertiles of HbA1c and offspring 1/insulin (p trend = 0.04). For instance, compared with offspring of women in the lowest tertile of HbA1c, those whose mothers were in the second and third tertiles had 0.04 mmol/l (95% CI -0.05, 0.13) and 0.17 mmol/l (95% CI 0.08, 0.26) higher fasting glucose concentrations at age 4-7 years, respectively. Adjustment for pre-pregnancy BMI did not appreciably change the results. We found no evidence of mediation by offspring adiposity at any life stage. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Offspring of women with higher HbA1c during pregnancy had higher fasting glucose and lower insulin sensitivity by early childhood. These relationships were largely unaffected by the child's own adiposity. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen C Francis
- Lifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes (LEAD) Center, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.
| | - Dana Dabelea
- Lifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes (LEAD) Center, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Brandy M Ringham
- Lifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes (LEAD) Center, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Katherine A Sauder
- Lifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes (LEAD) Center, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Wei Perng
- Lifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes (LEAD) Center, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
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10
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Does maternal smoking in pregnancy explain the differences in the body composition trajectory between breastfed and formula-fed infants? Br J Nutr 2020; 123:402-409. [PMID: 31699167 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114519002848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Growth patterns are known to differ between breastfed and formula-fed infants, but little is known about the relative impact of maternal smoking in pregnancy v. feeding mode on growth trajectory in infancy. We conducted a secondary analysis of a trial, the Tolerance of Infant Goat Milk Formula and Growth Assessment trial involving 290 healthy infants, to examine whether smoking in pregnancy modified the association between feeding mode and body composition of infants. Fat mass (FM) and fat-free mass (FFM) were estimated at 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 and 12 months of age using bioimpedance spectroscopy. Formula-fed infants (n 190) had a higher mean FFM at 4 months (mean difference (MD) 160 g, 95 % CI 50·4, 269·5 g, P < 0·05)) and 6 months (MD 179 g, 95 % CI 41·5, 316·9 g, P < 0·05) compared with the breastfed infants (n 100). Sub-group analysis of breastfed v. formula-fed infants by maternal smoking status in pregnancy showed that there were no differences in the FM and FFM between the breastfed and formula-fed infants whose mothers did not smoke in pregnancy. Formula-fed infants whose mothers smoked in pregnancy were smaller at birth and had a lower FM% and higher FFM% at 1 month compared with infants of non-smoking mothers regardless of feeding mode, but the differences were not significant at other time points. Adequately powered prospective studies with an appropriate design are warranted to better understand the relative impact of maternal smoking, feeding practice and the growth trajectory of infants.
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11
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Wiechers C, Kirchhof S, Balles L, Avelina V, Weber R, Maas C, Pauluschke-Fröhlich J, Hallschmid M, Preißl H, Fritsche A, Poets CF, Franz AR. Neonatal body composition: crossectional study in healthy term singletons in Germany. BMC Pediatr 2019; 19:488. [PMID: 31830928 PMCID: PMC6907196 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-019-1837-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND During pregnancy, a variety of factors can influence fetal growth and development. Intrauterine growth may impact on later life and health. Neonatal body composition may be a more sensitive marker for the intrauterine environment than established anthropometric parameters at birth. METHODS To study neonatal body composition determined by air displacement plethysmography in healthy, term singletons as national reference data, and to establish factors impacting on neonatal body composition in this population. This prospective cross-sectional observational study included 271 healthy, full-term, singletons born between June 2014 and July 2015. Body composition was measured within 96 h of birth using air displacement plethysmography. RESULTS Median (Q1, Q2) fat mass / total body mass (BF%) in German singletons was 10.8% (7.7-13.4) and fat free mass (FFM) 2843 g (2606-3099). Female infants had significantly increased BF% compared to male infants (11.2% (8.7-14.0) vs. 9.6% (7.2-12.1)). On multiple regression analysis, BF% and fat mass increased with female gender, maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index, non-smoking mother and parity, whereas FFM increased with male gender and increasing gestational age at birth. Gestational weight gain category, birth mode, and postnatal age at measurement were not associated with BF%, FFM or fat mass. CONCLUSIONS We generated BF% and FFM centiles for healthy, term, singletons born in Germany; these are similar to those found in other European countries. Infant body composition at birth was associated with modifiable (pre-pregnancy body mass index, smoking), and given factors (gender, gestational age at birth, parity).
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Affiliation(s)
- Cornelia Wiechers
- Department of Neonatology, University Children’s Hospital, Eberhard Karls University, Tuebingen, Calwerstr. 7, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Sara Kirchhof
- Department of Neonatology, University Children’s Hospital, Eberhard Karls University, Tuebingen, Calwerstr. 7, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Lena Balles
- Department of Neonatology, University Children’s Hospital, Eberhard Karls University, Tuebingen, Calwerstr. 7, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Vanessa Avelina
- Department of Neonatology, University Children’s Hospital, Eberhard Karls University, Tuebingen, Calwerstr. 7, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Romy Weber
- Department of Neonatology, University Children’s Hospital, Eberhard Karls University, Tuebingen, Calwerstr. 7, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Christoph Maas
- Department of Neonatology, University Children’s Hospital, Eberhard Karls University, Tuebingen, Calwerstr. 7, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Jan Pauluschke-Fröhlich
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, Eberhard Karls University, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Manfred Hallschmid
- Institute for Medical Psychology and Behavioural Neurobiology, Eberhard Karls University, Tuebingen, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research, Eberhard Karls University, Tuebingen, Germany
- Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases of the Helmholtz Center Munich at the Eberhard Karls University, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Hubert Preißl
- German Center for Diabetes Research, Eberhard Karls University, Tuebingen, Germany
- Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases of the Helmholtz Center Munich at the Eberhard Karls University, Tuebingen, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine IV, Eberhard Karls University, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Andreas Fritsche
- German Center for Diabetes Research, Eberhard Karls University, Tuebingen, Germany
- Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases of the Helmholtz Center Munich at the Eberhard Karls University, Tuebingen, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine IV, Eberhard Karls University, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Christian F. Poets
- Department of Neonatology, University Children’s Hospital, Eberhard Karls University, Tuebingen, Calwerstr. 7, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Axel R. Franz
- Department of Neonatology, University Children’s Hospital, Eberhard Karls University, Tuebingen, Calwerstr. 7, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
- Center for Pediatric Clinical Studies, University Children’s Hospital, Eberhard Karls University, Tuebingen, Germany
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12
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Ventura AK, Thompson K. Predictors of Resilience Among Infants at Risk for Rapid Weight Gain. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2019; 27:130-136. [PMID: 30569642 DOI: 10.1002/oby.22351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The study objective was to investigate factors associated with resilience to rapid weight gain (RWG) among predominantly bottle-fed infants. METHODS Data came from 1,353 mothers who participated in the Infant Feeding Practices Study 2. Mothers completed a prenatal questionnaire and monthly surveys of infant feeding and growth between birth and 12 months. Infants were classified as resilient if they were predominantly bottle fed but did not exhibit RWG between birth and the latter half of infancy (≥ +0.67 change in weight-for-age z score). RESULTS Thirty-five percent of the sample (n = 467) was predominantly bottle fed but did not exhibit RWG ("Resilient"), 17% (n = 228) was predominantly bottle fed and exhibited RWG ("Not Resilient"), and 49% (n = 658) was not predominantly bottle fed ("Low Risk"). Significant predictors of resilience to RWG were greater gestational age (P = 0.042) and weight (P < 0.001) at birth, lower frequency of adding cereal to the bottle (P = 0.022), lower frequency of infant-led bottle-emptying (P = 0.047), and greater frequency of maternal encouragement of bottle-emptying (P = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS Associations between bottle-feeding and RWG may be moderated by infant characteristics and maternal feeding practices. The present study highlighted several characteristics of predominantly bottle-fed infants who were resilient to RWG, but further research is needed to identify a broader array of key targets for future intervention efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison K Ventura
- Department of Kinesiology and Public Health, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, California, USA
| | - Kristen Thompson
- Department of Kinesiology and Public Health, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, California, USA
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13
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Quelhas D, Kompala C, Wittenbrink B, Han Z, Parker M, Shapiro M, Downs S, Kraemer K, Fanzo J, Morris S, Kreis K. The association between active tobacco use during pregnancy and growth outcomes of children under five years of age: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Public Health 2018; 18:1372. [PMID: 30545322 PMCID: PMC6293508 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-018-6137-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Despite considerable global efforts to reduce growth faltering in early childhood, rates of stunting remain high in many regions of the world. Current interventions primarily target nutrition-specific risk factors, but these have proven insufficient. The objective of this study was to synthesize the evidence on the relationship between active tobacco use during pregnancy and growth outcomes in children under five years of age. Methods In this systematic review and meta-analysis, six online databases were searched to identify studies published from January 1, 1980, through October 31, 2016, examining the association between active tobacco use during pregnancy and small-for-gestational age (SGA), length/height, and/or head circumference. Ecological studies were not included. A meta-analysis was conducted, and subgroup analyses were carried out to explore the effect of tobacco dosage. Results Among 13,189 studies identified, 210 were eligible for inclusion in the systematic review, and 124 in the meta-analysis. Active tobacco use during pregnancy was associated with significantly higher rates of SGA (pooled adjusted odds ratio [AORs] = 1.95; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.76, 2.16), shorter length (pooled weighted mean difference [WMD] = 0.43; 95% CI: 0.41, 0.44), and smaller head circumference (pooled WMD = 0.27; 95% CI: 0.25, 0.29) at birth. In addition, a dose-response effect was evident for all growth outcomes. Conclusion Tobacco use during pregnancy may represent a major preventable cause of impaired child growth and development. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12889-018-6137-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Quelhas
- Nutrition Innovation, PATH, 2201 Westlake Avenue, Suite 200, Seattle, WA, 98121, USA
| | - Chytanya Kompala
- Nutrition Innovation, PATH, 2201 Westlake Avenue, Suite 200, Seattle, WA, 98121, USA
| | - Brittney Wittenbrink
- Nutrition Innovation, PATH, 2201 Westlake Avenue, Suite 200, Seattle, WA, 98121, USA
| | - Zhen Han
- Nutrition Innovation, PATH, 2201 Westlake Avenue, Suite 200, Seattle, WA, 98121, USA
| | - Megan Parker
- Nutrition Innovation, PATH, 2201 Westlake Avenue, Suite 200, Seattle, WA, 98121, USA.
| | - Myra Shapiro
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 N Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Shauna Downs
- Johns Hopkins Berman Institute of Bioethics, 1809 Ashland Ave, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Klaus Kraemer
- Sight and Life Foundation, PO Box 2116, 4002, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jessica Fanzo
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 N Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.,Johns Hopkins Berman Institute of Bioethics, 1809 Ashland Ave, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Saul Morris
- GAIN, Churchill House, 142-146 Old Street, London, EC1V 9BW, UK
| | - Katharine Kreis
- Nutrition Innovation, PATH, 2201 Westlake Avenue, Suite 200, Seattle, WA, 98121, USA
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14
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Fetal exposure to maternal active and secondhand smoking with offspring early-life growth in the Healthy Start study. Int J Obes (Lond) 2018; 43:652-662. [PMID: 30341407 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-018-0238-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Revised: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have modeled the association between fetal exposure to tobacco smoke and body mass index (BMI) growth trajectories, but not the timing of catch-up growth. Research on fetal exposure to maternal secondhand smoking is limited. OBJECTIVES To explore the associations between fetal exposure to maternal active and secondhand smoking with body composition at birth and BMI growth trajectories through age 3 years. METHODS We followed 630 mother-child pairs enrolled in the Healthy Start cohort through age 3 years. Maternal urinary cotinine was measured at ~ 27 weeks gestation. Neonatal body composition was measured using air displacement plethysmography. Child weight and length/height were abstracted from medical records. Linear regression models examined the association between cotinine categories (no exposure, secondhand smoke, active smoking) with weight, fat mass, fat-free mass, and percent fat mass at birth. A mixed-effects regression model estimated the association between cotinine categories and BMI. RESULTS Compared to unexposed offspring, birth weight was significantly lower among offspring born to active smokers (-343-g; 95% CI: -473, -213), but not among offspring of women exposed to secondhand smoke (-47-g; 95% CI: -130, 36). There was no significant difference in the rate of BMI growth over time between offspring of active and secondhand smokers (p = 0.58). Therefore, our final model included a single growth rate parameter for the combined exposure groups of active and secondhand smokers. The rate of BMI growth for the combined exposed group was significantly more rapid (0.27 kg/m2 per year; 95% CI: 0.05, 0.69; p < 0.01) than the unexposed. CONCLUSIONS Offspring prenatally exposed to maternal active or secondhand smoking experience rapid and similar BMI growth in the first three years of life. Given the long-term consequences of rapid weight gain in early childhood, it is important to encourage pregnant women to quit smoking and limit their exposure to secondhand smoke.
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15
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Air displacement plethysmography (pea pod) in full-term and pre-term infants: a comprehensive review of accuracy, reproducibility, and practical challenges. Matern Health Neonatol Perinatol 2018; 4:12. [PMID: 29951209 PMCID: PMC6011189 DOI: 10.1186/s40748-018-0079-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Air displacement plethysmography (ADP) has been widely utilised to track body composition because it is considered to be practical, reliable, and valid. Pea Pod is the infant version of ADP that accommodates infants up to the age of 6 months and has been widely utilised to assess the body composition of full-term infants, and more recently pre-term infants. The primary goal of this comprehensive review is to 1) discuss the accuracy/reproducibility of Pea Pod in both full- and pre-term infants, 2) highlight and discuss practical challenges and potential sources of measurement errors in relation to Pea Pod operating principles, and 3) make suggestions for future research direction to overcome the identified limitations.
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16
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Gallagher D, Rosenn B, Toro-Ramos T, Paley C, Gidwani S, Horowitz M, Crane J, Lin S, Thornton J, Pi-Sunyer X. Greater Neonatal Fat-Free Mass and Similar Fat Mass Following a Randomized Trial to Control Excess Gestational Weight Gain. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2018; 26:578-587. [PMID: 29464905 PMCID: PMC5824435 DOI: 10.1002/oby.22079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2017] [Revised: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to determine the effectiveness of controlling maternal gestational weight gain (GWG) in the second and third trimesters on neonate body composition. METHODS Two hundred ten healthy women with overweight (25 > BMI < 30) or obesity (BMI ≥ 30) were randomly assigned to a lifestyle intervention (LI) program focused on controlling GWG through nutrition and activity behaviors or to usual obstetrical care (UC). Infant fat and fat-free mass (FFM) at birth were measured by using air displacement plethysmography (PEA POD) and by using quantitative magnetic resonance (QMR). RESULTS At baseline, there were no between-group differences in maternal characteristics (mean [SD]): age: 33.8 (4.3) years, weight: 81.9 (13.7) kg, BMI: 30.4 (4.5), and gestational age at randomization: 14.9 (0.8) weeks. GWG was less in the LI group by 1.79 kg (P = 0.003) or 0.0501 kg/wk (P = 0.002). Compared with UC infants, LI infants had greater weight (131 ± 59 g P = 0.03), FFM (98 ± 45 g; P = 0.03) measured by PEA POD, and lean mass (105 ± 38 g; P = 0.006) measured by QMR. Fat mass and percent fat were not significantly different. CONCLUSIONS Intervening in women with overweight and obesity through behaviors promoting healthy diet and physical activity to control GWG resulted in neonates with similar fat and greater FFM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dympna Gallagher
- New York Obesity Research Center, Dept. of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University
- Institute of Human Nutrition, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University
| | - Barak Rosenn
- Department Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mount Sinai West Hospital, Mount Sinai Health System, Icahn School of Medicine
| | - Tatiana Toro-Ramos
- New York Obesity Research Center, Dept. of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University
| | - Charles Paley
- Department of Pediatrics, Mount Sinai West Hospital, Mount Sinai Health System, Icahn School of Medicine
| | - Sonia Gidwani
- Department of Pediatrics, Mount Sinai West Hospital, Mount Sinai Health System, Icahn School of Medicine
| | - Michelle Horowitz
- New York Obesity Research Center, Dept. of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University
| | - Janet Crane
- New York Obesity Research Center, Dept. of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University
| | - Susan Lin
- Center for Family and Community Medicine, Columbia University
| | | | - Xavier Pi-Sunyer
- New York Obesity Research Center, Dept. of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University
- Institute of Human Nutrition, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University
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17
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Perng W, Ringham BM, Glueck DH, Sauder KA, Starling AP, Belfort MB, Dabelea D. An observational cohort study of weight- and length-derived anthropometric indicators with body composition at birth and 5 mo: the Healthy Start study. Am J Clin Nutr 2017; 106:559-567. [PMID: 28659296 PMCID: PMC5525117 DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.116.149617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2016] [Accepted: 05/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Despite widespread use of weight- and length-based anthropometric indexes as proxies for adiposity, little is known regarding the extent to which they correspond with fat mass (FM) or fat-free mass (FFM) during infancy.Objective: This study aimed to examine associations of 3 derived indicators-weight-for-age z score (WFAZ), weight-for-length score (WFLZ), and body mass index z score (BMIZ)-with FM, percentage of FM, and FFM measured by air-displacement plethysmography during the first 5 mo of life.Design: Applying prospectively collected data from 1027 infants in a Colorado prebirth cohort, we used multivariate regression to evaluate associations between the derived indicators and body composition at birth and at 5 mo, and with change (Δ) during follow-up.Results: At birth, all 3 derived indicators were more strongly associated with FFM than with FM. Each unit of WFAZ corresponded with 0.342 kg FFM (95% CI: 0.331, 0.351 kg FFM), compared with 0.121 kg FM (95% CI: 0.114, 0.128 kg FM) (P < 0.0001); similar trends were observed for WFLZ and BMIZ. By 5 mo, WFLZ and BMIZ were more strongly associated with FM than with FFM, whereas WFAZ correlated similarly with the 2 components of body composition. ΔWFLZ and ΔBMIZ were both more strongly related to ΔFM than to ΔFFM; however, a direct comparison of the 2 indexes with respect to change in the percentage of FM indicated that ΔBMIZ was the optimal proxy of adiposity gain (P < 0.0001, pairwise difference).Conclusions: Weight- and length-based indexes are poor surrogates for newborn adiposity. However, at 5 mo, WFLZ and BMIZ are suitable proxies of FM. When assessing adiposity gain, ΔBMIZ is the best indicator of fat accrual during the first 5 postnatal months. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02273297.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Perng
- Departments of Nutritional Sciences and dana.dabelea@ucdenver
- Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Brandy M Ringham
- Department of Biostatistics & Informatics, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, CO
| | - Deborah H Glueck
- Department of Biostatistics & Informatics, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, CO
| | - Katherine A Sauder
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver - Anschutz Medical Campus, Denver, CO
| | - Anne P Starling
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, CO; and
| | - Mandy B Belfort
- Department of Pediatric Newborn Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Dana Dabelea
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver - Anschutz Medical Campus, Denver, CO
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, CO; and
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18
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Sauder KA, Koeppen HJ, Shapiro ALB, Kalata KE, Stamatoiu AV, Ringham BM, Glueck DH, Norris JM, Dabelea D. Prenatal Vitamin D Intake, Cord Blood 25-Hydroxyvitamin D, and Offspring Body Composition: The Healthy Start Study. Nutrients 2017; 9:E790. [PMID: 28737667 PMCID: PMC5537904 DOI: 10.3390/nu9070790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Revised: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D deficiency in pregnancy may be associated with increased offspring adiposity, but evidence from human studies is inconclusive. We examined associations between prenatal vitamin D intake, 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) in cord blood, and offspring size and body composition at birth and 5 months. Participants included 605 mother-offspring dyads from the Healthy Start study, an ongoing, pre-birth prospective cohort study in Denver, Colorado, USA. Prenatal vitamin D intake was assessed with diet recalls and questionnaires, and offspring body composition was measured via air displacement plethysmography at birth and 5 months. General linear univariate models were used for analysis, adjusting for maternal age, race/ethnicity, pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI), offspring sex, and gestational age at birth. Non-Hispanic white race, lower pre-pregnancy BMI, higher prenatal vitamin D intake, and summer births were associated with higher cord blood 25(OH)D. Higher 25(OH)D was associated with lower birthweight (β = -6.22, p = 0.02), but as maternal BMI increased, this association became increasingly positive in direction and magnitude (β = 1.05, p = 0.04). Higher 25(OH)D was also associated with lower neonatal adiposity (β = -0.02, p < 0.05) but not after adjustment for maternal BMI (β = -0.01, p = 0.25). Cord blood 25(OH)D was not associated with offspring size or body composition at 5 months. Our data confirm the hypothesis that vitamin D exposure in early life is associated with neonatal body size and composition. Future research is needed to understand the implications of these associations as infants grow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine A Sauder
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
| | - Hallie J Koeppen
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
| | - Allison L B Shapiro
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
| | - Kathryn E Kalata
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
| | - Alexandra V Stamatoiu
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
| | - Brandy M Ringham
- Department of Biostatistics and Informatics, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
| | - Deborah H Glueck
- Department of Biostatistics and Informatics, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
| | - Jill M Norris
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
| | - Dana Dabelea
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
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19
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Molnar DS, Rancourt D, Schlauch R, Wen X, Huestis MA, Eiden RD. Tobacco Exposure and Conditional Weight-for-Length Gain by 2 Years of Age. J Pediatr Psychol 2017; 42:679-688. [PMID: 28169405 PMCID: PMC5896634 DOI: 10.1093/jpepsy/jsw095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2016] [Revised: 10/26/2016] [Accepted: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To prospectively examine dose-response and timing effects of prenatal (PTE) and postnatal tobacco exposure on obesity risk assessed by conditional weight-for-length gain (CWFLG), by 2 years of age. CWFLG over the first 2 years of life was examined for 117 PTE and 57 nonexposed children. Repeated assessments of PTE were conducted beginning in the first trimester of pregnancy, using multiple methods. PTE or postnatal exposure status was not predictive of CWFLG. However, there was a dose-response association and an association with fetal exposure ascertained by infant meconium positive for nicotine and metabolites. PTE is related to restricted growth at birth, yet associated with accelerated CWFLG by 2 years of age, a measure that controls for birthweight differences. Results highlight the importance of examining dose-response and timing of exposure associations, along with the importance of obesity risk-reduction interventions within the first 2 years of life among PTE children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle S. Molnar
- Department of Child and Youth Studies, Brock University
- Research Institute on Addictions, State University of New York at Buffalo
| | | | | | - Xiaozhong Wen
- Division of Behavioral Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo
| | - Marilyn A. Huestis
- Chemistry and Drug Metabolism, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health
| | - Rina D. Eiden
- Research Institute on Addictions, State University of New York at Buffalo
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20
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Mine T, Tanaka T, Nakasone T, Itokazu T, Yamagata Z, Nishiwaki Y. Maternal smoking during pregnancy and rapid weight gain from birth to early infancy. J Epidemiol 2016; 27:112-116. [PMID: 28142041 PMCID: PMC5363783 DOI: 10.1016/j.je.2016.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2015] [Accepted: 04/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although several studies have focused on the association between maternal smoking during pregnancy and rapid weight gain (RWG) during infancy, the dose-response relationship has not yet been confirmed, and very few studies have included Asian populations. Using a record-linkage method, we examined the association between maternal smoking during pregnancy and RWG in infants at around 4 months of age to clarify the dose-response relationship. Methods Two databases were used: maternal check-ups during pregnancy and early infancy check-ups (between April 1, 2013 and March 31, 2014 in Okinawa, Japan) were linked via IDs and provided to us after unlinkable anonymizing. For 10,433 subjects (5229 boys and 5204 girls), we calculated the change in infants' weight z-score by subtracting the z-score of their birth weight from their weight at early infancy check-ups. Smoking exposure was categorized into five groups. We used Poisson regression to examine the association of maternal smoking during pregnancy with RWG in early infancy. Results Overall, 1524 (14.6%) were ex-smoker and 511 (4.9%) were current smoker. Compared with the reference category of non-smokers, the adjusted risk ratio of RWG was 1.18 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.06–1.32) for ex-smokers, 1.18 (95% CI, 0.93–1.50) for those who smoked 1–5 cigarettes per day, 1.57 (95% CI, 1.24–2.00) for those who smoked 6–10 cigarettes per day, and 2.13 (95% CI, 1.51–3.01) for those who smoked ≥11 cigarettes per day. There was a clear dose-response relationship. Conclusion Our study suggests that maternal smoking during pregnancy is associated in a dose-dependent manner with increased risk of RWG in early infancy. Maternal smoking in pregnancy is associated with Rapid Weight Gain in early infancy. The association of maternal smoking with rapid weight gain was dose-dependent. This study was based on a large population-based dataset in Japan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomosa Mine
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Medicine, Toho University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Taichiro Tanaka
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Medicine, Toho University, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Tadashi Nakasone
- Department of Public Health and Medical Care, Hokubu Regional Public Health Center, Okinawa Prefectural Government, Naha, Japan
| | - Toru Itokazu
- Department of Public Health and Medical Care, Health and Longevity Division, Okinawa Prefectural Government, Naha, Japan
| | - Zentaro Yamagata
- Department of Health Sciences, Basic Science for Clinical Medicine, Division of Medicine, Graduate School Department of Interdisciplinary Research, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Yuji Nishiwaki
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Medicine, Toho University, Tokyo, Japan
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21
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Raghuveer G, White DA, Hayman LL, Woo JG, Villafane J, Celermajer D, Ward KD, de Ferranti SD, Zachariah J. Cardiovascular Consequences of Childhood Secondhand Tobacco Smoke Exposure: Prevailing Evidence, Burden, and Racial and Socioeconomic Disparities: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association. Circulation 2016; 134:e336-e359. [PMID: 27619923 PMCID: PMC5207215 DOI: 10.1161/cir.0000000000000443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although public health programs have led to a substantial decrease in the prevalence of tobacco smoking, the adverse health effects of tobacco smoke exposure are by no means a thing of the past. In the United States, 4 of 10 school-aged children and 1 of 3 adolescents are involuntarily exposed to secondhand tobacco smoke (SHS), with children of minority ethnic backgrounds and those living in low-socioeconomic-status households being disproportionately affected (68% and 43%, respectively). Children are particularly vulnerable, with little control over home and social environment, and lack the understanding, agency, and ability to avoid SHS exposure on their own volition; they also have physiological or behavioral characteristics that render them especially susceptible to effects of SHS. Side-stream smoke (the smoke emanating from the burning end of the cigarette), a major component of SHS, contains a higher concentration of some toxins than mainstream smoke (inhaled by the smoker directly), making SHS potentially as dangerous as or even more dangerous than direct smoking. Compelling animal and human evidence shows that SHS exposure during childhood is detrimental to arterial function and structure, resulting in premature atherosclerosis and its cardiovascular consequences. Childhood SHS exposure is also related to impaired cardiac autonomic function and changes in heart rate variability. In addition, childhood SHS exposure is associated with clustering of cardiometabolic risk factors such as obesity, dyslipidemia, and insulin resistance. Individualized interventions to reduce childhood exposure to SHS are shown to be at least modestly effective, as are broader-based policy initiatives such as community smoking bans and increased taxation. PURPOSE The purpose of this statement is to summarize the available evidence on the cardiovascular health consequences of childhood SHS exposure; this will support ongoing efforts to further reduce and eliminate SHS exposure in this vulnerable population. This statement reviews relevant data from epidemiological studies, laboratory-based experiments, and controlled behavioral trials concerning SHS and cardiovascular disease risk in children. Information on the effects of SHS exposure on the cardiovascular system in animal and pediatric studies, including vascular disruption and platelet activation, oxidation and inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, increased vascular stiffness, changes in vascular structure, and autonomic dysfunction, is examined. CONCLUSIONS The epidemiological, observational, and experimental evidence accumulated to date demonstrates the detrimental cardiovascular consequences of SHS exposure in children. IMPLICATIONS Increased awareness of the adverse, lifetime cardiovascular consequences of childhood SHS may facilitate the development of innovative individual, family-centered, and community health interventions to reduce and ideally eliminate SHS exposure in the vulnerable pediatric population. This evidence calls for a robust public health policy that embraces zero tolerance of childhood SHS exposure.
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22
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Lifelong Cardiovascular Adverse Effects of Childhood Tobacco Smoke Exposure. CURRENT CARDIOVASCULAR RISK REPORTS 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s12170-016-0508-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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23
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McCarthy FP, Khashan AS, Murray D, Kiely M, Hourihane JO, Pasupathy D, Kenny LC. Parental physical and lifestyle factors and their association with newborn body composition. BJOG 2016; 123:1824-9. [PMID: 27102226 DOI: 10.1111/1471-0528.14042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/13/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the parental physical and lifestyle determinants of newborn body composition. DESIGN Prospective cohort study. SETTING Cork University Maternity Hospital, a tertiary referral hospital in Cork, Ireland. POPULATION All babies were recruited as part of a prospective birth cohort, Babies After SCOPE Evaluating the Longitudinal Impact Using Neurological and Nutritional Endpoints (BASELINE). These babies were recruited from women who had participated in the Screening of Pregnancy Endpoints (SCOPE) study Ireland, a prospective, multicentre cohort study METHODS Multivariate linear regression was used to analyse the effect of a range of maternal and paternal physical and lifestyle features on neonatal body fat percentage (BF%). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Neonatal BF%. Neonatal adiposity was assessed within 48 hours of birth using air displacement plethysmography (PEAPOD(®) ). RESULTS In all, 1243 infants were enrolled in the study. Increasing maternal body mass index (adjusted mean difference 0.09; 0.04, 0.15) and waist height ratio (adjusted mean difference 6.59; 0.27, 12.92) were significantly associated with increased neonatal BF%. In contrast, maternal smoking was associated with reduced neonatal BF% compared with non smokers (adjusted mean difference -0.55; -1.07, -0.03). Infant sex significantly altered neonatal BF%, with female infants having higher neonatal BF% compared with male infants (adjusted mean difference 1.98; 1.54, 2.53). No association was observed between paternal body mass index (BMI), paternal age or paternal smoking and neonatal BF%. CONCLUSIONS Maternal smoking, BMI, waist height ratio and infant sex were associated with altered BF%. TWEETABLE ABSTRACT Maternal smoking, BMI, waist height ratio and infant sex are associated with altered neonatal body fat percentage.
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Affiliation(s)
- F P McCarthy
- The Irish Centre for Fetal and Neonatal Translational Research (INFANT), Cork University Maternity Hospital, University College Cork, Wilton, Cork, Ireland. .,Division of Women's Health KCL, Women's Health Academic Centre KHP, St Thomas's Hospital, London, UK.
| | - A S Khashan
- The Irish Centre for Fetal and Neonatal Translational Research (INFANT), Cork University Maternity Hospital, University College Cork, Wilton, Cork, Ireland.,Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - D Murray
- The Irish Centre for Fetal and Neonatal Translational Research (INFANT), Cork University Maternity Hospital, University College Cork, Wilton, Cork, Ireland.,Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - M Kiely
- The Irish Centre for Fetal and Neonatal Translational Research (INFANT), Cork University Maternity Hospital, University College Cork, Wilton, Cork, Ireland.,Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - J O'B Hourihane
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - D Pasupathy
- Division of Women's Health KCL, Women's Health Academic Centre KHP, St Thomas's Hospital, London, UK
| | - L C Kenny
- The Irish Centre for Fetal and Neonatal Translational Research (INFANT), Cork University Maternity Hospital, University College Cork, Wilton, Cork, Ireland
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Rolle-Kampczyk UE, Krumsiek J, Otto W, Röder SW, Kohajda T, Borte M, Theis F, Lehmann I, von Bergen M. Metabolomics reveals effects of maternal smoking on endogenous metabolites from lipid metabolism in cord blood of newborns. Metabolomics 2016; 12:76. [PMID: 27065762 PMCID: PMC4783445 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-016-0983-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2015] [Accepted: 12/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION A general detrimental effect of smoking during pregnancy on the health of newborn children is well-documented, but the detailed mechanisms remain elusive. OBJECTIVES Beside the specific influence of environmental tobacco smoke derived toxicants on developmental regulation the impact on the metabolism of newborn children is of particular interest, first as a general marker of foetal development and second due to its potential predictive value for the later occurrence of metabolic diseases. METHODS Tobacco smoke exposure information from a questionnaire was confirmed by measuring the smoking related metabolites S-Phenyl mercapturic acid, S-Benzyl mercapturic acid and cotinine in maternal urine by LC-MS/MS. The impact of smoking on maternal endogenous serum metabolome and children's cord blood metabolome was assessed in a targeted analysis of 163 metabolites by an LC-MS/MS based assay. The anti-oxidative status of maternal serum samples was analysed by chemoluminiscence based method. RESULTS Here we present for the first time results of a metabolomic assessment of the cordblood of 40 children and their mothers. Several analytes from the group of phosphatidylcholines, namely PCaaC28:1, PCaaC32:3, PCaeC30:1, PCaeC32:2, PCaeC40:1, and sphingomyelin SM C26:0, differed significantly in mothers and children's sera depending on smoking status. In serum of smoking mothers the antioxidative capacity of water soluble compounds was not significantly changed while there was a significant decrease in the lipid fraction. CONCLUSION Our data give evidence that smoking during pregnancy alters both the maternal and children's metabolome. Whether the different pattern found in adults compared to newborn children could be related to different disease outcomes should be in the focus of future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrike E. Rolle-Kampczyk
- Department of Metabolomics, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research – UFZ Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jan Krumsiek
- Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Centre Munich & Mathematics, Oberschleißheim, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Otto
- Department of Proteomics, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research – UFZ Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Stefan W. Röder
- Core Facility Studies, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research – UFZ Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Tibor Kohajda
- Department of Metabolomics, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research – UFZ Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Michael Borte
- Hospital “St. Georg” GmbH Leipzig, Academic Teaching Hospital of the University of Leipzig, Delitzscher Straße 141, 04129 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Fabian Theis
- Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Centre Munich & Mathematics, Oberschleißheim, Germany
- TU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Irina Lehmann
- Core Facility Studies, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research – UFZ Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Environmental Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research – UFZ Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - M. von Bergen
- Department of Metabolomics, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research – UFZ Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Proteomics, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research – UFZ Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Environmental Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research – UFZ Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Faculty of Biosciences, Pharmacy and Psychology, Institute of Biochemistry, Universität Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Center for Microbial Communities, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
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