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Schwandt ML, Cullins E, Ramchandani VA. The role of resilience in the relationship between stress and alcohol. Neurobiol Stress 2024; 31:100644. [PMID: 38827175 PMCID: PMC11140813 DOI: 10.1016/j.ynstr.2024.100644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Stress plays a well-documented role in alcohol consumption and the risk for developing alcohol use disorder. The concept of resilience - coping with and successfully adapting to stressful life experiences - has received increasing attention in the field of addiction research in recent decades, and there has been an accumulation of evidence for resilience as a protective factor against problematic alcohol consumption, risk for alcohol use disorder, disorder severity, and relapse. The conceptual and methodological approaches used in the generation of this evidence vary considerably across investigations, however. In light of this, we carried out this review in order to provide a more thorough understanding of the meaning and scope of resilience, what factors contribute to resilience, how it is measured, and how it relates to alcohol-associated phenotypes. Implications for treatment through the use of resilience-building interventions are likewise discussed, as well as implications for future research on the role of resilience in the etiology and clinical outcomes of alcohol use disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie L. Schwandt
- Office of the Clinical Director, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Eva Cullins
- Human Psychopharmacology Laboratory, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Vijay A. Ramchandani
- Human Psychopharmacology Laboratory, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, MD, USA
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Klein AV, Roediger L, Bendau A, Viohl L, Ernst F, Helbig J, Kühne F, Petzold MB, Betzler F. Problem drinking among university students in Berlin. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2024; 72:1438-1449. [PMID: 35816733 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2022.2080503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Problem-drinking among university students is common and poses serious health-related risks. Therefore, identifying and addressing associated factors is important. PARTICIPANTS AND METHODS A large cross-sectional online-survey with 12,914 university students from Berlin was conducted from November 2016 to August 2017. Relative-risk- and correlation-analysis was used to identify factors associated with problem-drinking and regular heavy-drinking. Independent t-tests compared impulsivity and personality traits, chi-square-tests compared drinking motives between risk- and non-risk-drinkers. RESULTS Male gender, tobacco-smoking, illegal substance use, impulsivity and various sociodemographic and psychosocial variables were significantly related to problem/heavy-drinking. Extraversion was a risk, conscientiousness and agreeableness were protective factors. Drinking-motives did not differ significantly between risk- and non-risk-drinkers. Generally, the main drinking-motives were to feel elated, relax and social purposes. CONCLUSION The identified markers and related problem behaviors may serve as a tool to enhance the identification of student subgroups at risk for problem/heavy-drinking, and hence improve targeted health-intervention-programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas V Klein
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Psychology, Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Lukas Roediger
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Antonia Bendau
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Psychology, HMU Health and Medical University Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Leonard Viohl
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Felicitas Ernst
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jonas Helbig
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Franziska Kühne
- Department of Psychology, Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Moritz Bruno Petzold
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Felix Betzler
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Granström F, Wenemark M, Festin K, Good E, Frielingsdorf H, Lowén M, Rystedt I. Impact of the pandemic on leisure physical activity and alcohol consumption. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:1589. [PMID: 38872148 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-19100-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic precipitated heightened morbidity and elevated mortality attributed to the SARS-CoV-2 infection. The pandemic also influenced health behaviors such as physical activity (PA) and alcohol consumption. The aim of this study was to examine changes in leisure PA and alcohol consumption in Sweden during the pandemic, and elucidate potential discrepancies in changes across demographic strata and socioeconomic status (SES). METHODS Data were retrieved from two waves of the longitudinal cohort study Life conditions, Stress and Health (LSH) (n = 2,523). Two measures of change were used; longitudinal change relative to baseline (2012-2015) and reported change compared to before the pandemic. For these two change measures, differences between sex, age group and SES were analyzed using multinomial logistic regression. RESULTS Regardless of the change measure, the proportion of individuals with diminished PA was notably higher among females compared to males. Furthermore, relative to baseline, females were less likely to have increased their PA, however according to the reported change they were more likely to have increased PA. Longitudinal change in PA compared to baseline followed a reversed age gradient, while, according to reported change, a decrease in PA during the pandemic was most prevalent in respondents 45 years of age at baseline (OR = 1.8, CI: 1.2-2.5) and respondents 50 years of age at baseline (OR = 1.7, CI: 1.2-2.4). High SES was associated with a greater variability in PA. Alcohol consumption was generally reduced during the pandemic. However, individuals aged 40 or 45 years at baseline were more likely than others to have initiated risky alcohol consumption. CONCLUSIONS Females exhibited a greater propensity to alter their PA levels during the pandemic, with the most profound decreases observed among individuals of working ages. Despite a general downturn in alcohol consumption, individuals aged 40 and 45 had a heightened likelihood of having initiated risky alcohol consumption compared to individuals in other age cohorts. In conclusion, societal restrictions during a pandemic render a dual impact on PA levels. While posing a risk for decreased PA among individuals in working ages, the restrictions also present a potential window of opportunity to increase PA, particularly among females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fredrik Granström
- Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
| | - Marika Wenemark
- Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Karin Festin
- Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Elin Good
- Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- Department of Cardiology, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Helena Frielingsdorf
- Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Mats Lowén
- Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- Department of Acute Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Ingrid Rystedt
- Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
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Kendler KS, Lönn SL, Sundquist J, Sundquist K. The joint effects of genetic liability and the death of close relatives on risk for major depression and alcohol use disorder in a Swedish national sample. Psychol Med 2024; 54:1709-1716. [PMID: 38173119 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291723003641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To determine whether genetic risk factors for major depression (MD) and alcohol use disorder (AUD) interact with a potent stressor - death of spouse, parent, and sibling - in predicting episodes of, respectively, MD and AUD. METHODS MD and AUD registrations were assessed from national Swedish registries. In individuals born in Sweden 1960-1970, we identified 7586, 388 459, and 34 370 with the loss of, respectively, a spouse, parent, and sibling. We started following subjects at age 18 or the year 2002 with end of follow-up in 2018. We examined time to event - a registration for MD within 6 months or AUD within a year - on an additive scale, using the Nelson-Aalen estimator. Genetic risk was assessed by the Family Genetic Risk Score (FGRS). RESULTS In separate models controlling for the main effects of death of spouse, parent, and sibling, FGRS, and sex, significant interactions were seen in all analyses between genetic risk for MD and death of relative in prediction of subsequent MD registration. A similar pattern of results, albeit with weaker interaction effects, was seen for genetic risk for AUD and risk for AUD registration. Genetic risk for bipolar disorder (BD) and anxiety disorders (AD) also interacted with event exposure in predicting MD. CONCLUSIONS Genetic risk for both MD and AUD act in part by increasing the sensitivity of individuals to the pathogenic effects of environmental stressors. For prediction of MD, similar effects are also seen for genetic risk for AD and BD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth S Kendler
- Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Sara L Lönn
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Jan Sundquist
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, Department of Population Health, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Kristina Sundquist
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, Department of Population Health, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
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Lewandowski ME, Delawalla CN, Butcher TJ, Oberlin BG. Changes in substance use, recovery, and quality of life during the initial phase of the COVID-19 pandemic. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0300848. [PMID: 38776315 PMCID: PMC11111065 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0300848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted lives on a massive scale. While the pandemic appeared to worsen mental health outcomes broadly, its effects on alcohol/substance use and recovery are unclear. Many studies convolved the sociopolitical unrest beginning in May 2020 with the pandemic. We assessed pandemic-related changes in substance use, recovery involvement, and quality of life among US adults at two specified time periods that isolated pandemic effects from potentially confounding sociopolitical factors. OBJECTIVES We tested the following hypotheses: the pandemic and consequent policies (1) increased use of alcohol and illicit substances in active users; (2) increased use of alcohol/substances among people in early recovery; (3) reduced participation in recovery activities among those in early recovery, and that (4) use amount and use events correlated with impulsivity in both groups and that (5) substance use and abstinence correlated with resilience. METHODS We recruited 1,685 participants through Amazon's Mechanical Turk (MTurk). We assessed demographics, quality of life, alcohol/substance use, recovery activities, and measures of impulsivity and resilience at two time points, pre-pandemic and (early) during-pandemic. Only n = 45 (Active Users; males n = 32) and n = 34 (Recovery; males n = 20) passed data quality checks and were included in the primary analyses. RESULTS Among Active Users, weekly alcohol consumption and days spent using alcohol and illicit substances decreased during the pandemic. Resilience negatively correlated with pandemic-related substance use in early recovering participants. Significant reduction in the quality of life was coincident with a trend of lower recovery activity participation (31% decline) during the pandemic. CONCLUSIONS The reduced alcohol/substance use and participation in recovery activities might be expected from conditions that promote social isolation. The high prevalence of low-quality data from MTurk cautions for careful use of online data sourcing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megayn E. Lewandowski
- Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Colette N. Delawalla
- Department of Psychology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America
- Department of Psychological Science, Ball State University, Muncie, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Tarah J. Butcher
- Department of Psychology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Brandon G. Oberlin
- Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America
- Department of Psychology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America
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Lac A. Drinking to Cope With the COVID-19 Pandemic Mediates Pathways From COVID-19 Anxiety to Alcohol Use and Alcohol Myopia Consequences. J Dual Diagn 2024:1-13. [PMID: 38742669 DOI: 10.1080/15504263.2024.2343372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE People may consume alcohol to cope with the stressors and anxieties of the COVID-19 pandemic. The present study applied the self-medication hypothesis, tension reduction hypothesis, and alcohol myopia theory to understand COVID-19 alcohol coping as a mediator of the pathways from COVID-19 anxiety to alcohol use and alcohol consequences. METHODS Participants (N = 477) were undergraduate college students. The mean age was 22.14 (SD = 5.66) years. Gender distribution included 73% females, 26% males, and 1% transgender. Racial categories included 70% White, 11% Latino, 5% Black, 5% Asian, and 9% multiracial. They completed the Coronavirus Anxiety Scale, the COVID-19 Alcohol Coping Scale developed and validated in the present study, measures of drinking frequency and drinking quantity, and the Alcohol Myopia Scale to assess alcohol consequences. RESULTS First, confirmatory factor analysis supported the measurement structure of the COVID-19 Alcohol Coping Scale. Second, a general structural equation model containing only latent factors provided evidence for the following pathways: COVID-19 anxiety to COVID-19 alcohol coping to overall alcohol use to alcohol myopia consequences. Third, a specific structural equation model separated the overall alcohol use factor into two measures of drinking frequency and drinking quantity. Results found that COVID-19 alcohol coping uniquely explained drinking frequency (but not drinking quantity), indicating that the pursuit of alcohol to cope with the pandemic was related to more frequent days of alcohol use but not more concentrated use on drinking days. Tests of indirect effects corroborated the mediational pathways in the explanatory models. CONCLUSIONS The research offers insights into understanding that the risk connections from COVID-19 anxiety to alcohol behavioral outcomes are mediated by alcohol use to cope with the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Lac
- Department of Psychology, University of Colorado, Colorado Springs, Colorado, USA
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7
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van Ingelgom T, Didone V, Godefroid L, Quertemont É. Effects of social housing conditions on ethanol-induced behavioral sensitization in Swiss mice. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2024; 241:987-1000. [PMID: 38206359 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-024-06527-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
RATIONALE In previous animal model studies, it was shown that drug sensitization is dependent upon physical environmental conditions. However, the effects of social housing conditions on drug sensitization is much less known. OBJECTIVE The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of social conditions, through the size of housing groups, on ethanol stimulant effects and ethanol-induced behavioral sensitization in mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS Male and female Swiss mice were housed in groups of different sizes (isolated mice, two mice per cage, four mice per cage and eight mice per cage) during a six-week period. A standard paradigm of ethanol-induced locomotor sensitization was then started with one daily injection of 2.5 g/kg ethanol for 8 consecutive days. RESULTS The results show that social housing conditions affect the acute stimulant effects of ethanol. The highest stimulant effects were observed in socially isolated mice and then gradually decreased as the size of the group increased. Although the rate of ethanol sensitization did not differ between groups, the ultimate sensitized levels of ethanol-induced stimulant effects were significantly reduced in mice housed in groups of eight. CONCLUSIONS These results are consistent with the idea that higher levels of acute and sensitized ethanol stimulant effects are observed in mice housed in stressful housing conditions, such as social isolation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Théo van Ingelgom
- Psychologie et Neuroscience Cognitive (PsyNCog), Psychologie Quantitative, Université de Liège, Place des Orateurs 2 (B32), Liège, B-4000, Belgium
| | - Vincent Didone
- Psychologie et Neuroscience Cognitive (PsyNCog), Psychologie Quantitative, Université de Liège, Place des Orateurs 2 (B32), Liège, B-4000, Belgium
| | - Leeloo Godefroid
- Psychologie et Neuroscience Cognitive (PsyNCog), Psychologie Quantitative, Université de Liège, Place des Orateurs 2 (B32), Liège, B-4000, Belgium
| | - Étienne Quertemont
- Psychologie et Neuroscience Cognitive (PsyNCog), Psychologie Quantitative, Université de Liège, Place des Orateurs 2 (B32), Liège, B-4000, Belgium.
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8
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Porter AC, Carrasquillo KD, Ashrafioun L. Differences in the relation of binge drinking and prescription drug misuse to suicide ideation and attempts between college-aged adults and adults above the age of 25: Findings from the 2015-2019 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH). J Psychiatr Res 2024; 173:281-285. [PMID: 38555675 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To clarify the role of age in risk associated with drug misuse and binge drinking, this study examines the differential relations of binge drinking and prescription drug misuse to risk of suicidal ideation and attempts in young adults of college age (18-24) compared to those above the age of 25. METHODS We used data from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) for the years 2015 through 2019 (N = 269,078). RESULTS The study found that, for adults above college age, the presence of any past-month binge drinking was associated with a higher likelihood of past-year suicide ideation (b = 0.427, OR = 1.532, 95%CI [1.388, 1.692]) and attempts (b = 0.637, OR = 1.891, 95%CI [1.271, 2.813]) compared to college-aged adults. Similarly, past-month prescription drug misuse showed stronger associations with past-year suicide ideation (b = 0.831, OR = 2.297, 95%CI [1.952, 2.701]) and attempts (b = 0.539, OR = 1.715, 95%CI [1.264, 2.327]) in adults above college age. CONCLUSION These findings highlight that binge drinking and prescription drug misuse appears to become more strongly associated with suicide ideation and attempts after adults age beyond young adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew C Porter
- University of Rochester, 500 Wilson Blvd, Rochester, NY, 14620, USA.
| | | | - Lisham Ashrafioun
- University of Rochester Medical Center, 300 Crittenden Blvd, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA; VA Center of Excellence for Suicide Prevention, 400 Fort Hill Ave, Canandaigua, NY, 14424, USA.
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Jose R, Wang W, Sherman G, Rosenthal RN, Schwartz HA, Ungar LH, McKay JR. Tapping into alcohol use during COVID: Drinking correlates among bartenders and servers. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0300932. [PMID: 38625926 PMCID: PMC11020438 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0300932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/18/2024] Open
Abstract
The COVID pandemic placed a spotlight on alcohol use and the hardships of working within the food and beverage industry, with millions left jobless. Following previous studies that have found elevated rates of alcohol problems among bartenders and servers, here we studied the alcohol use of bartenders and servers who were employed during COVID. From February 12-June 16, 2021, in the midst of the U.S. COVID national emergency declaration, survey data from 1,010 employed bartender and servers were analyzed to quantify rates of excessive or hazardous drinking along with regression predictors of alcohol use as assessed by the 10-item Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT). Findings indicate that more than 2 out of 5 (44%) people surveyed reported moderate or high rates of alcohol problem severity (i.e., AUDIT scores of 8 or higher)-a rate 4 to 6 times that of the heavy alcohol use rate reported pre- or mid-pandemic by adults within and outside the industry. Person-level factors (gender, substance use, mood) along with the drinking habits of one's core social group were significantly associated with alcohol use. Bartenders and servers reported surprisingly high rates of alcohol problem severity and experienced risk factors for hazardous drinking at multiple ecological levels. Being a highly vulnerable and understudied population, more studies on bartenders and servers are needed to assess and manage the true toll of alcohol consumption for industry employees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rupa Jose
- Positive Psychology Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Weixi Wang
- Department of Computer Science, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, United States of America
| | - Garrick Sherman
- Positive Psychology Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Richard N. Rosenthal
- Department of Psychiatry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, United States of America
| | - H. Andrew Schwartz
- Department of Computer Science, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, United States of America
| | - Lyle H. Ungar
- Positive Psychology Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- Department of Computer and Information Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - James R. McKay
- Philadelphia Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
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Schulz JA, Gimm G, West JC, Kock L, Villanti AC. Patterns of Alcohol, Marijuana, and Tobacco Use Among U.S. Adolescents and Young Adults by Disability Status: 2015-2019. J Adolesc Health 2024; 74:764-773. [PMID: 38043040 PMCID: PMC10960707 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2023.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To estimate the national prevalence of tobacco, marijuana, and alcohol use among U.S. adolescents (age 12-17) and young adults (aged 18-25; adolescents and young adults [AYAs]) with a disability and examine associations between disability and substance use from 2015 to 2019. METHODS Data from the 2015-2019 National Survey on Drug Use and Health were used to estimate the prevalence of tobacco, marijuana, and alcohol use among AYAs with disabilities. Modified Poisson regression models evaluated linear time trends in past-month substance use and estimated adjusted prevalence ratios (aPRs) for past-month cigarette, any tobacco, alcohol, and marijuana use. RESULTS Adolescents with any disability had a higher prevalence of past-month cigarette (aPR = 1.87; 95% CI 1.67-2.09), alcohol (aPR = 1.21; 95% CI 1.11-1.31), and marijuana use (aPR = 1.47; 95% CI 1.36-1.60) compared to those without disabilities. Cigarette smoking among adolescents decreased over this time period; however, the decline among adolescents without a disability was greater than those with any disability. Young adults with any disability had a higher prevalence of past-month cigarette (aPR = 1.42; 95% CI 1.35-1.48) and marijuana use (aPR = 1.39; 95% CI 1.34-1.45), but a lower prevalence of past-month alcohol use (aPR = 0.93; 95% CI 0.90-0.95) than those without disabilities. Alcohol use remained constant among young adults with any disability but decreased for those without disabilities. DISCUSSION Population-level disparities in cigarette and marijuana use exist in AYAs with disabilities. Future studies should identify strategies tailored to AYAs with disabilities to encourage smoking cessation and prevent cannabis use disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan A Schulz
- Department of Psychiatry, Vermont Center on Behavior and Health, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont.
| | - Gilbert Gimm
- Department of Health Administration and Policy, George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia
| | - Julia C West
- Department of Psychiatry, Vermont Center on Behavior and Health, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont; Department of Psychological Science, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Loren Kock
- Department of Psychiatry, Vermont Center on Behavior and Health, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Andrea C Villanti
- Rutgers Institute for Nicotine & Tobacco Studies, New Brunswick, New Jersey; Department of Health Behavior, Society, and Policy, Rutgers School of Public Health, Piscataway, New Jersey
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11
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Mohamed MS, Rukh G, Vadlin S, Olofsdotter S, Åslund C, Schiöth HB, Nilsson KW. Differential change in alcohol consumption during the COVID-19 pandemic: the role of loneliness, socialization, and mental well-being. Front Psychiatry 2024; 15:1236410. [PMID: 38495906 PMCID: PMC10940434 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1236410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The COVID-19 pandemic led to a surge in mental health issues and psychological distress, disruption to work/studying conditions, and social isolation particularly among young adults. Changes in these factors are differentially associated with alcohol use. Moreover, the relationship between these factors are bidirectional and may have fluctuated throughout the different phases of the pandemic. However, studies focusing on young adults had conflicting results, short follow-up periods, and lacked comprehensive data to describe underlying mechanisms. Methods 1067 young adults participated in repetitive measures termed wave 4 (2021) of the Survey of Adolescent Life in Västmanland Cohort "SALVe" Cohort. Of these, 889 also completed pre-pandemic measurements termed wave 3 (2018). Participants completed the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) to evaluate alcohol consumption and harmful use. Cross-sectional associations between perceived changes in alcohol use and shift in individual, mental health, and work environment factors were examined using Chi-square tests. Logistic regression was utilized to identify pre-pandemic predictors of harmful consumption during the pandemic. Results Harmful consumption decreased only in females following the COVID-19 pandemic. Participants who reported increased feelings of depression, anxiety, and loneliness were more likely to increase their alcohol use. Interestingly, the subgroup who felt less lonely and met their friends more often, as well as those who continued working/studying from their regular workplace also had an increased likelihood of higher consumption. Only pre-pandemic ADHD and delinquency symptoms predicted harmful alcohol consumption following the pandemic. Conclusion Females reduced harmful alcohol consumption during the COVID-19 pandemic. While those who suffered the burden of social isolation and distress were more likely to increase their alcohol use, young adults who felt less lonely and met their friends more often also had a similar outcome. The relationship between loneliness and alcohol consumption among young adults is influenced by the social factors that may be facilitated by drinking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed S. Mohamed
- Center for Clinical Research, Uppsala University, Västmanland County Hospital Västerås, Västerås, Sweden
- Functional Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Gull Rukh
- Functional Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Sofia Vadlin
- Center for Clinical Research, Uppsala University, Västmanland County Hospital Västerås, Västerås, Sweden
| | - Susanne Olofsdotter
- Center for Clinical Research, Uppsala University, Västmanland County Hospital Västerås, Västerås, Sweden
- Department of Psychology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Cecilia Åslund
- Center for Clinical Research, Uppsala University, Västmanland County Hospital Västerås, Västerås, Sweden
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Helgi B. Schiöth
- Functional Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Kent W. Nilsson
- Center for Clinical Research, Uppsala University, Västmanland County Hospital Västerås, Västerås, Sweden
- School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Division of Public Health Sciences, Mälardalen University, Västerås, Sweden
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12
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Kearns NT, Trachik B, Fawver B, Osgood J, Dretsch MN. Alcohol motivations associated with frequency of alcohol use, binge drinking, and alcohol problems among active duty junior enlisted soldiers and non-commissioned officers. Alcohol 2024; 115:23-31. [PMID: 37684009 DOI: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2023.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
Problematic alcohol use is a serious threat to the behavioral health of active-duty Service Members (ADSM), resulting in numerous calls from governmental agencies to better understand mechanistic factors contributing to alcohol misuse within the military. Alcohol use motives are reliable predictors of alcohol-related behaviors and are considered malleable targets for prevention and intervention efforts. However, empirical research indicates that drinking motives vary across contextually distinct populations. Although some research has been conducted among veteran and reservist populations, limited work has been specifically focused on ADSM and no research has evaluated motives and alcohol metrics among ADSM based on military rank. Participants for the current study included 682 ADSM recruited from a large military installation in the U.S. Structural equation modeling evaluated associations between four drinking motives (i.e., enhancement, social, conformity, coping) and three alcohol misuse metrics (i.e., alcohol frequency, binge frequency, alcohol problems). Three models were evaluated: one full (combined) model and two separate models based on military rank - junior enlisted (i.e., E1-E4) and non-commissioned officers (NCOs) (i.e., E5-E9). Results for junior enlisted ADSM indicated that coping and enhancement motives were most strongly associated with all alcohol misuse metrics. However, among NCOs, results indicated that alcohol problems were only associated with coping motives. Notably, results also indicated that alcohol use motives accounted for substantively more variance across all alcohol-related metrics among NCOs. Findings generally support extant military-related literature indicating use of alcohol for coping (e.g., with anxiety) as the motivation most consistently associated with increased alcohol misuse. However, novel findings highlight enhancement motives - using alcohol to attain some positive internal reward - as another, often stronger, motivation impacting alcohol use outcomes. Further, findings highlight notable distinctions between alcohol use motives (i.e., coping vs. enhancement) and the impact of alcohol use motives (i.e., effect size) on alcohol metrics between junior enlisted and NCOs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan T Kearns
- Walter Reed Army Institute of Research - West (WRAIR-W), 9933A W. Johnson St., Joint Base Lewis-McChord, Washington, United States.
| | - Benjamin Trachik
- Walter Reed Army Institute of Research - West (WRAIR-W), 9933A W. Johnson St., Joint Base Lewis-McChord, Washington, United States
| | - Bradley Fawver
- Walter Reed Army Institute of Research - West (WRAIR-W), 9933A W. Johnson St., Joint Base Lewis-McChord, Washington, United States
| | - Jeffrey Osgood
- Walter Reed Army Institute of Research - West (WRAIR-W), 9933A W. Johnson St., Joint Base Lewis-McChord, Washington, United States
| | - Michael N Dretsch
- Walter Reed Army Institute of Research - West (WRAIR-W), 9933A W. Johnson St., Joint Base Lewis-McChord, Washington, United States
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13
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McCabe EM, Luk JW, Stangl BL, Schwandt ML, Ziausyte U, Kim H, Vergeer RR, Gunawan T, Fede SJ, Momenan R, Joseph PV, Goldman D, Diazgranados N, Ramchandani VA. Exercising healthy behaviors: A latent class analysis of positive coping during the COVID-19 pandemic and associations with alcohol-related and mental health outcomes. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0297060. [PMID: 38354113 PMCID: PMC10866465 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0297060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify latent classes of positive coping behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic and examine associations with alcohol-related and mental health outcomes across participants with and without a history of alcohol use disorder (AUD). METHODS Baseline data from 463 participants who were enrolled in the NIAAA COVID-19 Pandemic Impact on Alcohol (C19-PIA) Study were analyzed. Latent class analysis (LCA) was applied to five positive coping behaviors during COVID-19: taking media breaks, taking care of their body, engaging in healthy behaviors, making time to relax, and connecting with others. Latent class differences and the moderating role of history of AUD on six alcohol-related and mental health outcomes were examined using multiple regression models. RESULTS LCA revealed two latent classes: 83.4% High Positive Coping and 16.6% Low Positive Coping. Low Positive Coping was associated with higher levels of perceived stress, anxiety symptoms, and loneliness. A history of AUD was consistently associated with higher levels of alcohol-related and mental health outcomes. Significant interactions between Coping Latent Classes and history of AUD indicated that the associations of Low Positive Coping with problematic alcohol use, depressive symptoms, and drinking to cope motives were either stronger or only significant among individuals with a history of AUD. CONCLUSIONS Individuals with a history of AUD may be particularly vulnerable to depressive symptoms and alcohol-related outcomes, especially when they do not utilize positive coping strategies. The promotion of positive coping strategies is a promising avenue to address alcohol-related and mental health problems during a public health crisis and warrants future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma M. McCabe
- Human Psychopharmacology Laboratory, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - Jeremy W. Luk
- Office of the Clinical Director, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - Bethany L. Stangl
- Human Psychopharmacology Laboratory, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - Melanie L. Schwandt
- Office of the Clinical Director, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - Ugne Ziausyte
- Office of the Clinical Director, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - Hannah Kim
- Office of the Clinical Director, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - Rhianna R. Vergeer
- Human Psychopharmacology Laboratory, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - Tommy Gunawan
- Human Psychopharmacology Laboratory, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
- Office of the Clinical Director, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - Samantha J. Fede
- Clinical NeuroImaging Research Core, Office of the Clinical Director, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - Reza Momenan
- Clinical NeuroImaging Research Core, Office of the Clinical Director, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - Paule V. Joseph
- Section of Sensory Science and Metabolism, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - David Goldman
- Office of the Clinical Director, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Rockville, MD, United States of America
| | - Nancy Diazgranados
- Office of the Clinical Director, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - Vijay A. Ramchandani
- Human Psychopharmacology Laboratory, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
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14
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Logie CH, Okumu M, Admassu Z, MacKenzie F, Tailor L, Kortenaar JL, Perez-Brumer A, Ahmed R, Batte S, Hakiza R, Kibuuka Musoke D, Katisi B, Nakitende A, Juster RP, Marin MF, Kyambadde P. Exploring ecosocial contexts of alcohol use and misuse during the COVID-19 pandemic among urban refugee youth in Kampala, Uganda: Multi-method findings. J Migr Health 2024; 9:100215. [PMID: 38375158 PMCID: PMC10875238 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmh.2024.100215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Urban refugees may be disproportionately affected by socio-environmental stressors that shape alcohol use, and this may have been exacerbated by additional stressors in the COVID-19 pandemic. This multi-method study aimed to understand experiences of, and contextual factors associated with, alcohol use during the pandemic among urban refugee youth in Kampala, Uganda. We conducted a cross-sectional survey (n = 335), in-depth individual interviews (IDI) (n = 24), and focus groups (n = 4) with urban refugee youth in Kampala. We also conducted key informant interviews (n = 15) with a range of stakeholders in Kampala. We conducted multivariable logistic regression analyses with survey data to examine socio-demographic and ecosocial (structural, community, interpersonal) factors associated with ever using alcohol and alcohol misuse. We applied thematic analyses across qualitative data to explore lived experiences, and perceived impacts, of alcohol use. Among survey participants (n = 335, mean age= 20.8, standard deviation: 3.01), half of men and one-fifth of women reported ever using alcohol. Among those reporting any alcohol use, half (n = 66, 51.2 %) can be classified as alcohol misuse. In multivariable analyses, older age, gender (men vs. women), higher education, and perceived increased pandemic community violence against women and children were associated with significantly higher likelihood of ever using alcohol. In multivariable analyses, very low food security, relationship status, transactional sex, and lower social support were associated with increased likelihood of alcohol misuse. Qualitative findings revealed: (1) alcohol use as a coping mechanism for stressors (e.g., financial insecurity, refugee-related stigma); and (2) perceived impacts of alcohol use on refugee youth health (e.g., physical, mental). Together findings provide insight into multi-level contexts that shape vulnerability to alcohol mis/use among urban refugee youth in Kampala and signal the need for gender-tailored strategies to reduce socio-environmental stressors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen H. Logie
- Factor Inwentash Faculty of Social Work, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- United Nations University Institute for Water, Environment, and Health, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Women's College Research Institute, Women's College Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Centre for Gender & Sexual Health Equity, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Moses Okumu
- School of Social Work, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
- School of Social Sciences, Uganda Christian University, Mukono, Uganda
| | - Zerihun Admassu
- Factor Inwentash Faculty of Social Work, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Frannie MacKenzie
- Factor Inwentash Faculty of Social Work, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Lauren Tailor
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Jean-Luc Kortenaar
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Amaya Perez-Brumer
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Rushdia Ahmed
- Factor Inwentash Faculty of Social Work, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Shamilah Batte
- Organization for Gender Empowerment and Rights Advocacy- OGERA Uganda, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Robert Hakiza
- Young African Refugees for Integral Development (YARID), Kampala, Uganda
| | | | - Brenda Katisi
- Young African Refugees for Integral Development (YARID), Kampala, Uganda
| | | | - Robert-Paul Juster
- Department of Psychiatry & Addiction, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Marie-France Marin
- Department of Psychology, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Peter Kyambadde
- Most At Risk Population Initiative Clinic, Mulago Hospital, Kampala, Uganda
- National AIDS Control Program, Ministry of Health, Kampala, Uganda
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15
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Ha T, Shi H, Gaikwad SS, Joshi K, Padiyar R, Schensul SL. Longitudinal trajectories of depressive symptoms among alcohol consuming men with HIV in India. J Affect Disord 2024; 344:674-681. [PMID: 37832732 PMCID: PMC10873019 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.10.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression and alcohol use are common among people living with HIV (PLWH) and associated with adverse outcomes. However, there is a paucity of studies exploring trajectories of depressive symptom presence over time among alcohol consuming men PLWH. METHODS Men PLWH were repeatedly assessed for depressive symptoms from baseline through 27 months using the 10-item Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression scale. Group-based trajectory modeling was used to identify trajectories of depressive symptoms over time among control (n = 188) and intervention participants (n = 564). Multinomial logistic regression was used to explore the relationship between trajectory subgroups and baseline independent variables. RESULTS Among intervention participants, the three subgroups were characterized as 'low' (85.8 % of the participants), 'fluctuating' (8.7 %), and 'persistently increasing' symptoms (5.5 %). Similarly, three trajectory subgroups among control participants were labeled as: "low" (54.4 %); "fluctuating" (33.5 %) and "persistently increasing'" (12.1 %). Among intervention participants, longer duration since HIV diagnosis (aOR: 1.05, 95 % CI: 1.01-1.12) and HIV-related stigma (aOR: 1.09, 95 % CI: 1.02-1.18) were associated with persistently increasing depressive symptoms trajectory. Further, alcohol drinking problems (aOR: 1.10, 95 % CI: 1.04-1.17) was associated with fluctuating depressive symptoms trajectory. Among control participants, only lower overall self-rated health status was associated with persistently increasing depressive symptoms trajectory (aOR: 0.96, 95 % CI: 0.93-0.99). LIMITATIONS Selection bias; Information bias; Lack of causal interference; Generalizability. CONCLUSION Identifying subgroups of men PLWH with different depressive symptoms trajectories may inform effective and tailored intervention approaches to address mental health treatment and prevention among alcohol consuming men PLWH in India and elsewhere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toan Ha
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
| | - Hui Shi
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | | | - Rupal Padiyar
- Lokmanya Tilak Municipal Medical College, Mumbai, India
| | - Stephen L Schensul
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA.
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16
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Sato H, Eguchi E, Funakubo N, Nakano H, Imano H, Ohira T. Association Between Changes in Alcohol Consumption Before and After the Great East Japan Earthquake and Risk of Hypertension: A Study Using the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare National Database. J Epidemiol 2023; 33:607-617. [PMID: 36503902 PMCID: PMC10635811 DOI: 10.2188/jea.je20220161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake has resulted in a nuclear accident, forcing residents of the surrounding areas to evacuate. To determine any association between excessive drinking and hypertension in the setting of disaster, we assessed whether the proportion of excessive drinkers increased and if post-disaster excessive drinking was a risk factor for hypertension. METHODS This retrospective study assessed data from the Japanese National Database. Cumulative population data for Fukushima Prefecture (3,497,576 people) were analyzed by categorizing residents into four areas-evacuation, coastal, central, and mountainous-to calculate the proportion of excessive, heavy (equivalent to binge drinking), and at-risk drinkers for 2008-2017. The hazard ratios (HRs) for the incidence of hypertension for 2012-2017 were examined in association with changes in drinking status pre- and post-disaster, which included 136,404 people who received specific health checkups pre-disaster (2008-2010) and post-disaster (2011-2012). RESULTS The proportion of excessive drinkers among women increased after the disaster in all areas examined. The association between excessive drinking and the incidence of hypertension was determined among men and women in all areas; it was stronger among women in the evacuation areas, with the sex- and age-adjusted HRs for the incidence of hypertension of 1.41 for pre-disaster excessive drinking, 2.34 for post-disaster excessive drinking, and 3.98 for pre- and post-disaster excessive drinking, compared with not excessive drinking pre- and post-disaster. CONCLUSION Excessive drinking post-disaster may be associated with an increased risk of hypertension among men and women, especially among women in the evacuation areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haruka Sato
- Department of Epidemiology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Eri Eguchi
- Department of Epidemiology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Narumi Funakubo
- Department of Epidemiology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Hironori Nakano
- Department of Epidemiology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Hironori Imano
- Department of Public Health, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Ohira
- Department of Epidemiology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
- Radiation Medical Science Center for the Fukushima Health Management Survey, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
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17
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Levitt EE, Belisario K, Gillard J, DeJesus J, Gohari MR, Leatherdale ST, Syan SK, Scarfe M, MacKillop J. High-resolution examination of changes in drinking during the COVID-19 pandemic: Nine-wave findings from a longitudinal observational cohort study of community adults. J Psychiatr Res 2023; 168:249-255. [PMID: 37922599 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2023.10.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Few multi-wave longitudinal studies have examined changes in drinking across extended periods of the coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Using multiple indicators over three years, the current study examined: a) overall drinking changes; b) sex, income, age, and pre-COVID drinking level as moderators of changes; and c) the clinical significance of the observed changes. Using a longitudinal observational cohort design with nonclinical adults from the general community (N = 1395), assessments were collected over nine waves, two pre-COVID (April 2019 and October 2019) and seven intra-COVID (April 2020-April 2022). Drinking was measured as percent drinking days, percent heavy drinking days, and the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) score. Clinically significant changes were defined based on the World Health Organization risk levels. All indicators exhibited significant changes from pre-pandemic to intra-pandemic periods, with drinking changes comprising early pandemic increases followed by subsequent decreases and AUDIT scores consistently declining. Pre-pandemic drinking level substantially moderated all changes. Heavier drinkers exhibited larger decreases compared to other drinking groups. In terms of clinically important changes, ∼10% of pre-pandemic abstinent or low-risk drinkers transitioned to medium- or high-risk status during the pandemic. In contrast, 37.1% of medium-risk drinkers and 44.6% of high-risk drinkers exhibited clinically significant decreases during the intra-pandemic period. Collectively, these findings highlight the multifarious impacts of the pandemic on drinking over time, comprising both increases and decreases in drinking behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily E Levitt
- Peter Boris Centre for Addictions Research, McMaster University & St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; Department of Psychology, Neuroscience and Behaviour, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Kyla Belisario
- Peter Boris Centre for Addictions Research, McMaster University & St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jessica Gillard
- Peter Boris Centre for Addictions Research, McMaster University & St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jane DeJesus
- Peter Boris Centre for Addictions Research, McMaster University & St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mahmood R Gohari
- Peter Boris Centre for Addictions Research, McMaster University & St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Scott T Leatherdale
- School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Sabrina K Syan
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Molly Scarfe
- Peter Boris Centre for Addictions Research, McMaster University & St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; Department of Psychology, Neuroscience and Behaviour, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - James MacKillop
- Peter Boris Centre for Addictions Research, McMaster University & St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada; Department of Psychology, Neuroscience and Behaviour, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada.
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18
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Naigino R, Miller AP, Ediau M, Anecho A, Senoga U, Tumwesigye NM, Wanyenze RK, Mukasa B, Hahn JA, Reed E, Sileo KM, Kiene SM. Stakeholder perspectives on the Kisoboka intervention: A behavioral and structural intervention to reduce hazardous alcohol use and improve HIV care engagement among men living with HIV in Ugandan fishing communities. Drug Alcohol Depend 2023; 253:111011. [PMID: 37952352 PMCID: PMC11016226 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2023.111011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND East Africa's fishing communities experience a high burden of two interrelated and frequently co-occurring health issues: HIV and hazardous alcohol use. Nearly two-thirds of Ugandan fisherfolk men meet the criteria for harmful alcohol use. We developed a multilevel intervention to reduce hazardous alcohol use and improve HIV care engagement among fisherfolk men living with HIV (LWHIV) in Wakiso district, Uganda. METHODS This is a qualitative study of stakeholder perspectives on the appropriateness, acceptability, and feasibility of a multilevel intervention for fisherfolk men LWHIV. The proposed intervention, Kisoboka ("It is possible!"), combines a structural component [changing the mode of work payments from cash to mobile money] with a behavioral component [motivational interviewing-based counseling combined with content using behavioral economic principles to promote behavior change]. We conducted one focus group (n=7) and eight in-depth interviews with fisherfolk men LWHIV and 19 key informant (KI) interviews with health workers, employers, and community leaders. These explored the appropriateness, acceptability, and feasibility of specific key intervention components. RESULTS Overall, stakeholders' perspectives supported high intervention acceptability and perceived appropriateness of the proposed intervention. It was perceived to be feasible with some caveats of recommendations for overcoming potential implementation challenges identified (e.g., having a friend assist with documenting savings and alcohol use if an individual was unable to write themselves) which are discussed. CONCLUSION This work highlights the potential of the Kisoboka intervention and the importance of early engagement of key stakeholders in the intervention development process to ensure appropriateness, acceptability, feasibility, and socio-cultural fit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rose Naigino
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, San Diego State University School of Public Health, CA, USA; Makerere University School of Public Health, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Amanda P Miller
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, San Diego State University School of Public Health, CA, USA
| | - Michael Ediau
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, San Diego State University School of Public Health, CA, USA; Makerere University School of Public Health, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Asha Anecho
- Makerere University School of Public Health, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Umar Senoga
- Makerere University School of Public Health, Kampala, Uganda
| | | | | | | | - Judith A Hahn
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Elizabeth Reed
- Division of Health Promotion and Behavioral Science, San Diego State University, CA, USA
| | - Katelyn M Sileo
- Department of Public Health, University of Texas at San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Susan M Kiene
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, San Diego State University School of Public Health, CA, USA; Makerere University School of Public Health, Kampala, Uganda.
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19
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Drabble LA, Munroe C, Cerezo A, Hughes TL. COVID-19 Concerns, Coping and Perceived Peer Norms: Correlates of Increased Alcohol and Marijuana Use Among Sexual Minority Women. JOURNAL OF HOMOSEXUALITY 2023:1-21. [PMID: 37976208 PMCID: PMC11098966 DOI: 10.1080/00918369.2023.2283835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
This study explored the impact of COVID-related concerns and other characteristics on alcohol and marijuana use among sexual minority women (SMW). Survey data from a racially/ethnically diverse sample of 338 SMW participants in the Chicago Health and Life Experiences of Women (CHLEW) study were used to examine correlates of three substance use outcomes: frequent intoxication (once a month or more), perceived increase in alcohol use, and perceived increase in marijuana use. Coping motives for alcohol use was positively associated with each of the substance use outcomes. Belief that peers (in terms of age, sexual identity, and gender) used alcohol often to cope was associated with higher odds of frequent intoxication. COVID-19 related financial concerns were positively associated with both frequent intoxication and increased marijuana use. Health and mental health concerns were associated with lower odds of frequent intoxication. Findings underscore the importance of enhancing coping skills, addressing perceived peer coping norms, and providing both economic and social support in intervention efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurie A Drabble
- College of Health and Human Sciences, San José State University, San José, California, USA
| | - Cat Munroe
- Public Health Institute, Alcohol Research Group, Alcohol Research Group, Emeryville, California, USA
| | - Alison Cerezo
- Dept. of Counseling, Clinical & School Psychology, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California, USA
| | - Tonda L Hughes
- Center for Sexual and Gender Minority Health Research, School of Nursing, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
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20
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Kendler KS, Lönn SL, Sundquist J, Sundquist K. Death of parent, sibling, spouse, and child in a Swedish national sample and risk of subsequent stress reaction, major depression, alcohol-use disorder, and drug-use disorder. Psychol Med 2023; 53:7138-7150. [PMID: 37039111 PMCID: PMC10719625 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291723000570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To determine, in a general population, how much rates of stress reactions (SR), major depression (MD), alcohol-use disorder (AUD) and drug-use disorder (DUD) increase after the death of close relatives. METHODS SR, MD, AUD, and DUD registrations were assessed from national Swedish registries. From the population followed from 2000 to 2018, those exposed to death of a close relative in 2002-2016 were matched to unexposed controls and analyzed in males and females by a controlled pre-post design using a difference-in-difference method. RESULTS Substantial, brief increases in risk for SR and more modest prolonged increases in MD were observed after death of relatives in both men and women greatest with children, followed by spouses, parents, and siblings. Relatively long-lasting modest increases in AUD but not DUD were also observed following death of relatives. The absolute increases for SR and MD were greater in females than males and for AUD greater in males than females. However, logistic regression analyses showed most effects did not differ significantly by sex. Consistently larger increases in disorder risk were seen with the death of younger v. older parents, siblings, and spouses and with accidental v. non-accidental death in children. CONCLUSIONS Applying a matched cohort design to Swedish population registries, death of close relatives was associated with, and likely caused, substantial increases in rates of SR, MD, and AUD, consistent with smaller prior clinical investigations. Through such registries, we can, in large representative samples, integrate the impact of exposures to selected environmental adversities into disorder risk pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth S. Kendler
- Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Sara L. Lönn
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Jan Sundquist
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Center for Community-based Healthcare Research and Education (CoHRE), Department of Functional Pathology, School of Medicine, Shimane University, Matsue, Japan
| | - Kristina Sundquist
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Center for Community-based Healthcare Research and Education (CoHRE), Department of Functional Pathology, School of Medicine, Shimane University, Matsue, Japan
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21
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Amstadter AB, Lönn S, Sundquist J, Sundquist K, Kendler KS. Post-traumatic stress disorder and drug use disorder: examination of aetiological models in a Swedish population-based cohort. Eur J Psychotraumatol 2023; 14:2258312. [PMID: 37800551 PMCID: PMC10561571 DOI: 10.1080/20008066.2023.2258312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: There are two primary phenotypic models of comorbidity between post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and drug use disorder (DUD), i.e. self-medication (PTSD precedes and causes DUD) and susceptibility (DUD precedes and causes PTSD). We sought to clarify the longitudinal relationship between PTSD and DUD, while examining sex differences.Method: We used approximately 23 years of longitudinal data from Swedish population registries to conduct two complementary statistical models: Cox proportional hazard models (N ≈ 1.5 million) and a cross-lagged panel model (N ≈ 3.8 million).Results: Cox proportional hazards models, adjusting for cohort and socioeconomic status, found strong evidence for the self-medication hypothesis, as PTSD predicted increased risk for DUD among both women [hazard ratio (HR) = 5.34, 95% confidence interval (CI) 5.18, 5.51] and men (HR = 3.65, 95% CI 3.54, 3.77), and moreover, that the PTSD to DUD association was significantly higher among women (interaction term 0.68, 95% CI 0.65, 0.71). The results of the susceptibility model were significant, but not as strong as the self-medication model. DUD predicted risk for PTSD among both women (HR = 2.43, 95% CI 2.38, 2.50) and men (HR = 2.55, 95% CI 2.50, 2.60), and HR was significantly higher in men (interaction term 1.05, 95% CI 1.02, 1.08). Investigating the pathways simultaneously in the cross-lagged model yielded support for both pathways of risk. The cross-paths instantiating the susceptibility model (0.10-0.22 in females, 0.12-0.19 in males) were mostly larger than those capturing the self-medication model (0.01-0.16 in females, 0.04-0.22 in males).Conclusions: We demonstrate that the relationship between PTSD and DUD is bidirectional, with evidence that future research should prioritize examining specific pathways of risk that may differ between men and women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ananda B. Amstadter
- Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Sara Lönn
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Jan Sundquist
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA
| | - Kristina Sundquist
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA
| | - Kenneth S. Kendler
- Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
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22
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Lansford JE, Goulter N, Godwin J, McMahon RJ, Dodge KA, Crowley M, Pettit GS, Bates JE, Lochman JE. Predictors of problematic adult alcohol, cannabis, and other substance use: A longitudinal study of two samples. Dev Psychopathol 2023; 35:2028-2043. [PMID: 35957585 PMCID: PMC9922340 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579422000670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
This study examined whether a key set of adolescent and early adulthood risk factors predicts problematic alcohol, cannabis, and other substance use in established adulthood. Two independent samples from the Child Development Project (CDP; n = 585; 48% girls; 81% White, 17% Black, 2% other race/ethnicity) and Fast Track (FT; n = 463; 45% girls; 52% White, 43% Black, 5% other race/ethnicity) were recruited in childhood and followed through age 34 (CDP) or 32 (FT). Predictors of substance use were assessed in adolescence based on adolescent and parent reports and in early adulthood based on adult self-reports. Adults reported their own problematic substance use in established adulthood. In both samples, more risk factors from adolescence and early adulthood predicted problematic alcohol use in established adulthood (compared to problematic cannabis use and other substance use). Externalizing behaviors and prior substance use in early adulthood were consistent predictors of problematic alcohol and cannabis misuse in established adulthood across samples; other predictors were specific to the sample and type of substance misuse. Prevention efforts might benefit from tailoring to address risk factors for specific substances, but prioritizing prevention of externalizing behaviors holds promise for preventing both alcohol and cannabis misuse in established adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer E. Lansford
- Center for Child and Family Policy, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Natalie Goulter
- Department of Psychology, Simon Fraser University and B.C. Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Jennifer Godwin
- Center for Child and Family Policy, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Robert J. McMahon
- Department of Psychology, Simon Fraser University and B.C. Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Kenneth A. Dodge
- Center for Child and Family Policy, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Max Crowley
- Human Development and Family Studies, Pennsylvania State University, State College, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Gregory S. Pettit
- Human Development and Family Studies, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, USA
| | - John E. Bates
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA
| | - John E. Lochman
- Department of Psychology, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama, USA
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23
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Smith RL, Dick DM, Amstadter A, Thomas N, Salvatore JE. A longitudinal study examining the associations between interpersonal trauma and romantic relationships among college students. Dev Psychopathol 2023; 35:1346-1357. [PMID: 34903311 PMCID: PMC9192832 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579421001243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
We examined the associations between the developmental timing of interpersonal trauma exposure (IPT) and three indicators of involvement in and quality of romantic relationships in emerging adulthood: relationship status, relationship satisfaction, and partner alcohol use. We further examined whether these associations varied in a sex-specific manner. In a sample of emerging adult college students (N = 12,358; 61.5% female) assessed longitudinally across the college years, we found precollege IPT increased the likelihood of being in a relationship, while college-onset IPT decreased the likelihood. Precollege and college-onset IPT predicted lower relationship satisfaction, and college-onset IPT predicted higher partner alcohol use. There was no evidence that associations between IPT and relationship characteristics varied in a sex-specific manner. Findings indicate that IPT exposure, and the developmental timing of IPT, may affect college students' relationship status. Findings also suggest that IPT affects their ability to form satisfying relationships with prosocial partners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca L. Smith
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Box 842018, Richmond, VA 23284-2018
| | - Danielle M. Dick
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Box 842018, Richmond, VA 23284-2018
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Box 980033, Richmond, Virginia 23298
| | - Ananda Amstadter
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Box 842018, Richmond, VA 23284-2018
- Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Box 980126, Richmond, VA 23298
| | - Nathaniel Thomas
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Box 842018, Richmond, VA 23284-2018
| | | | - Jessica E. Salvatore
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Box 842018, Richmond, VA 23284-2018
- Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Box 980126, Richmond, VA 23298
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24
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Pachi A, Kavourgia E, Bratis D, Fytsilis K, Papageorgiou SM, Lekka D, Sikaras C, Tselebis A. Anger and Aggression in Relation to Psychological Resilience and Alcohol Abuse among Health Professionals during the First Pandemic Wave. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:2031. [PMID: 37510472 PMCID: PMC10378977 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11142031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Mental health problems, behavior changes, and addictive issues have been consistently documented among healthcare workers during the pandemic. The objective of this study was to investigate the levels of anger and aggression in relation to psychological resilience and alcohol abuse among healthcare workers during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. A total of 120 physicians and 123 nurses completed an online survey of the Dimensions of Anger Reactions-5 (DAR-5), the Brief Aggression Questionnaire (BAQ), the Brief Resilience Scale (BRS), and the Alcohol Screening questionnaire CAGE which is an acronym for the focus of the questions (Cutting down, Annoyance by criticism, Guilty feeling, and Eye-openers). Demographic and professional data were also recorded. A total of 53 men and 190 women participated in the study. Almost one-third of the participants had a positive score on the DAR-5 scale and one out of ten respondents presented with current problematic alcohol use. Male participants demonstrated lower scores on the DAR-5 scale compared to females. Individuals with current problematic alcohol use displayed higher scores on the BAQ compared to those without alcohol use disorders. Regression analysis revealed that 16.4% of the variance in the BAQ scores can be attributed to scores on the DAR-5, 5.9% to the BRS scores, 2.1% to the CAGE scores, 1.7% to gender, and 1.2% to years of work experience. Mediation analysis highlighted the role of psychological resilience as a negative mediator in the DAR-5 and BAQ relationship. Professional experience and alcohol abuse emerged as positive and negative risk factors contributing to aggression and psychological resilience. The findings hold practical implications for implementing interventions to strengthen resilience in order to compensate for aggressive tendencies and discourage addictive issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Argyro Pachi
- Psychiatric Department, Sotiria Thoracic Diseases Hospital of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (A.P.); (E.K.); (D.B.); (K.F.); (S.M.P.); (D.L.)
| | - Evgenia Kavourgia
- Psychiatric Department, Sotiria Thoracic Diseases Hospital of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (A.P.); (E.K.); (D.B.); (K.F.); (S.M.P.); (D.L.)
| | - Dionisios Bratis
- Psychiatric Department, Sotiria Thoracic Diseases Hospital of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (A.P.); (E.K.); (D.B.); (K.F.); (S.M.P.); (D.L.)
| | - Konstantinos Fytsilis
- Psychiatric Department, Sotiria Thoracic Diseases Hospital of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (A.P.); (E.K.); (D.B.); (K.F.); (S.M.P.); (D.L.)
| | - Styliani Maria Papageorgiou
- Psychiatric Department, Sotiria Thoracic Diseases Hospital of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (A.P.); (E.K.); (D.B.); (K.F.); (S.M.P.); (D.L.)
| | - Dimitra Lekka
- Psychiatric Department, Sotiria Thoracic Diseases Hospital of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (A.P.); (E.K.); (D.B.); (K.F.); (S.M.P.); (D.L.)
| | - Christos Sikaras
- Nursing Department, Sotiria Thoracic Diseases Hospital of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece;
| | - Athanasios Tselebis
- Psychiatric Department, Sotiria Thoracic Diseases Hospital of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (A.P.); (E.K.); (D.B.); (K.F.); (S.M.P.); (D.L.)
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25
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Scheer JR, Wall MM, Veldhuis CB, Ford JV, Cascalheira CJ, Helminen EC, Shaw TJ, Jaipuriyar V, Zaso MJ, Hughes TL. Associations Between Latent Classes of Trauma Exposure and Minority Stressors and Substance Use Among Cisgender Sexual Minority Women. JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE 2023; 38:8286-8315. [PMID: 36843440 DOI: 10.1177/08862605231153886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Psychosocial stressors (e.g., minority stressors, trauma exposure) profoundly impact sexual minority women's (SMW's) risk of alcohol and other drug (AOD) use. However, research has not examined whether there are distinct typologies (i.e., patterns) of psychosocial stressors and whether these vary based on sociodemographic characteristics or are differentially associated with AOD outcomes (e.g., alcohol dependence) among SMW. This study aimed to identify latent classes of SMW reporting distinct typologies of psychosocial stressors and examine predictors and outcomes of latent classes of psychosocial stressors among SMW. Participants included a community sample of 602 SMW (Mage = 39.9, SD = 14.0; 74.0% lesbian; 37.4% White, 36.6% Black, 22.3% Latinx; 26.6% annual income ≤$14,999). Latent class analysis was used to identify typologies of psychosocial stressors. Regression analyses were employed to examine sociodemographic predictors and AOD outcomes of class membership. Three classes of psychosocial stressors emerged. Participants in Class 1 were likely to report relatively low adversity. SMW in Class 2, who reported childhood physical abuse (CPA), severe childhood sexual abuse, and adult physical assault, were vulnerable to discrimination and stigma consciousness. A distinct subgroup of SMW (Class 3) was at heightened risk of CPA, adult sexual assault (ASA), and stigma consciousness. Older SMW, Black SMW, and SMW with lower social support were more likely to be in classes characterized by higher adversity. Older SMW were at disproportionate risk of CPA and ASA. Different combinations of psychosocial stressors were uniquely associated with AOD outcomes. Findings underscore the importance of considering within-group heterogeneity in SMW's differential risk of psychosocial stressors and AOD outcomes. Routine screening of psychosocial stressors across several dimensions, brief interventions targeting AOD outcomes, and policies mitigating structural drivers of SMW's increased risk of trauma and minority stressors may be especially important for older SMW, Black SMW, and SMW who lack social support.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Melanie M Wall
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA
- Columbia University School of Nursing, Center for Sexual and Gender Minority Health Research, New York, NY, USA
| | - Cindy B Veldhuis
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Cory J Cascalheira
- Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA
- New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, USA
| | - Emily C Helminen
- Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA
- Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Thomas J Shaw
- Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | | | | | - Tonda L Hughes
- Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Columbia University School of Nursing, Center for Sexual and Gender Minority Health Research, New York, NY, USA
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26
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Li W, Chen L, Hsu M, Mo D, Xia L, Min K, Jiang F, Liu T, Liu Y, Liu H, Tang YL. The association between workload, alcohol use, and alcohol misuse among psychiatrists in China. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1171316. [PMID: 37426098 PMCID: PMC10325676 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1171316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim Survey alcohol use and workload among Chinese psychiatrists and explore their associations. Methods We conducted an online questionnaire among psychiatrists working in large psychiatric institutions across the country. We collected data including demographic factors, alcohol use, and workload. Alcohol use was assessed using the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test-Consumption (AUDIT-C), and workload-related questions included working hours, night shifts, and caseloads. Results In total, 3,549 psychiatrists completed the survey. Nearly half (47.6%) reported alcohol use, and the percentage of alcohol use in males (74.1%) was significantly higher than in females. 8.1% exceeded the AUDIT-C cutoff scores for probable alcohol misuse (19.6%in males and 2.6%in females). AUDIT-C scores were significantly correlated with working hours per week (p = 0.017) and the number of outpatient visits per week (p = 0.006). Regressional analysis showed that alcohol use was significantly associated with the following factors: longer working hours (Working more than 44 h/week, OR = 1.315), having an administrative position (OR = 1.352), being male (OR = 6.856), being single (OR = 1.601), being divorced or widowed (OR = 1.888), smoking (OR = 2.219), working in the West (OR = 1.511) or the Northeast (OR = 2.440). Regressional analysis showed that alcohol misuse was significantly associated with the following factors: fewer night shifts (Three to four night shifts/month, OR = 1.460; No more than 2 night shifts/month, OR = 1.864), being male (OR = 4.007), working in the Northeast (OR = 1.683), smoking (OR = 2.219), frequent insomnia (OR = 1.678). Conclusion Nearly half of the psychiatrists in China reported alcohol use and 8.1% had probable AUD. Alcohol consumption is significantly associated with several workload-related factors, such as long working hours, heavy caseload, and administrative duties. Alcohol misuse was inversely associated with the number of night shifts per month. While the direction of causality is unclear, our findings may help identify vulnerable professional groups and develop more targeted interventions to improve healthcare professionals' well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenzheng Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Chao Hu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Hefei Fourth People’s Hospital, Hefei, China
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Mental Health and Psychological Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Affiliated Psychological Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Long Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Chao Hu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Hefei Fourth People’s Hospital, Hefei, China
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Mental Health and Psychological Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Affiliated Psychological Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Michael Hsu
- Addiction Psychiatry Fellowship Program, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Daming Mo
- Hefei Fourth People’s Hospital, Hefei, China
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Mental Health and Psychological Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Affiliated Psychological Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Lei Xia
- Department of Psychiatry, Chao Hu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Mental Health and Psychological Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Anhui Psychiatric Center, Hefei, China
| | - Kaiyuan Min
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Jiang
- School of International and Public Affairs, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Healthy Yangtze River Delta, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tingfang Liu
- School of Health Policy and Management, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanli Liu
- School of Health Policy and Management, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Huanzhong Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, Chao Hu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Mental Health and Psychological Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Anhui Psychiatric Center, Hefei, China
| | - Yi-lang Tang
- Addiction Psychiatry Fellowship Program, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
- Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Decatur, GA, United States
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27
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Alpers SE, Pallesen S, Vold JH, Haug E, Lunde LH, Skogen JC, Mamen A, Mæland S, Fadnes LT. The association between psychological distress and alcohol consumption and physical activity: a population-based cohort study. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1181046. [PMID: 37426109 PMCID: PMC10323831 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1181046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The COVID-19 pandemic and infection control measures caused changes to daily life for most people. Heavy alcohol consumption and physical inactivity are two important behavioral risk factors for noncommunicable diseases worldwide. The COVID-19 pandemic, with its social distancing measures, home office policies, isolation, and quarantine requirements may have an impact on these factors. This three-wave longitudinal study aims to investigate if psychological distress and worries related to health and economy were associated with levels and changes in alcohol consumption and physical activity during the two first years of the COVID-19 pandemic in Norway. Methods We used data collected in April 2020, January 2021, and January 2022 from an online longitudinal population-based survey. Alcohol consumption and physical activity status were assessed at all three measuring points via the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT-C) and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ-SF). COVID-19-related worries, home office/study, occupational situation, age, gender, children below 18 years living at home, and psychological distress (measured with the Symptom Checklist (SCL-10)) were included as independent variables in the model. A mixed model regression was used and presented with coefficients with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results Analysis of data from 25,708 participants demonstrates that participants with substantial symptoms of psychological distress more often reported higher alcohol consumption (1.86 units/week, CI 1.48-2.24) and lower levels of physical activity [-1,043 Metabolic Equivalents of Task (METs) per week, CI -1,257;-828] at baseline. Working/studying from home (0.37 units/week, CI 0.24-0.50) and being male (1.57 units/week, CI 1.45-1.69) were associated with higher alcohol consumption. Working/studying from home (-536 METs/week, CI -609;-463), and being older than 70 years (-503 METs/week, CI -650;-355) were related to lower levels of physical activity. The differences in activity levels between those with the highest and lowest levels of psychological distress reduced over time (239 METs/week, CI 67;412), and similarly the differences in alcohol intake reduced over time among those having and not having children < 18 years (0.10 units/week, CI 0.01-0.19). Conclusion These findings highlight the substantial increases in risks related to inactivity and alcohol consumption among those with high levels of psychological distress symptoms, and particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic, and increase the understanding of factors associated with worries and health behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Eiken Alpers
- Department of Addiction Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ståle Pallesen
- Department of Psychosocial Science, Faculty of Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Optentia Research Focus Area, North-West University, Vanderbijlpark, South Africa
| | - Jørn Henrik Vold
- Bergen Addiction Research, Department of Addiction Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Division of Psychiatry, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ellen Haug
- Department of Health Promotion and Development, Faculty of Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Teacher Education, NLA University College, Bergen, Norway
| | - Linn-Heidi Lunde
- Department of Addiction Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Jens Christoffer Skogen
- Department of Health Promotion, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Bergen, Norway
- Alcohol and Drug Research Western Norway, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
- Centre for Evaluation of Public Health Measures, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Asgeir Mamen
- School of Health Sciences, Kristiania University College, Oslo, Norway
| | - Silje Mæland
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Lars Thore Fadnes
- Bergen Addiction Research, Department of Addiction Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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28
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Lee BK, Ofori Dei SM, Isik E. Congruence couple therapy for alcohol use and gambling disorders with comorbidities (part II): Targeted areas and mechanisms of change. FAMILY PROCESS 2023; 62:534-556. [PMID: 36245316 DOI: 10.1111/famp.12816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Study of change mechanisms is important to advance theory development and to reveal the active components that make a critical difference in treatment. Improved outcomes in a randomized controlled trial that favored Congruence Couple Therapy (CCT) vs individual-based Treatment-as-Usual (TAU) were correlated within each group. Partial correlations were used to test for mediation effects. The aggregate correlation coefficient of improved variables in addiction and mental health, couple adjustment, emotion regulation (ER) and life stress was moderate for CCT and weak for TAU. CCT showed greater number of mediating effects among improved variables than TAU. The prominence of the process mechanism of improved ER with its mediating effects for addiction and psychiatric symptoms evidenced in both groups is noteworthy, but ER improvement was significantly associated with improved couple adjustment only in CCT. Reduction in life stress in CCT was associated with a broader range of improvements in CCT compared to TAU. Correlation patterns were substantiated by CCT participants' endorsement of treatment targets emphasizing relationship, communication, emotion, problem solving, addiction and intergenerational issues of trauma. TAU participants reported significantly lower endorsements for these treatment targets. The correlation of ER and couple adjustment suggested as a key process mechanism should be further elucidated in future studies to differentiate relationship-based vs individual-based models and their respective outcomes for primary clients and partners. These findings are considered preliminary, requiring larger samples and advanced modelling among variables to provide a more profound mechanism analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bonnie K Lee
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada
| | - Samuel M Ofori Dei
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada
| | - Erkan Isik
- Istanbul Aydin University, Istanbul, Turkey
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29
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Bochicchio L, Xu M, Veldhuis CB, McTavish C, Hughes TL. Mental health and substance use among sexual minority women who report childhood sexual abuse: A systematic literature review. PSYCHOLOGICAL TRAUMA : THEORY, RESEARCH, PRACTICE AND POLICY 2023:2023-70239-001. [PMID: 37166921 PMCID: PMC10638469 DOI: 10.1037/tra0001476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A growing body of literature provides evidence that sexual minority women (SMW; e.g., lesbian, bisexual) are at greater risk of negative mental health and substance use outcomes than are heterosexual women. While minority stress may partially explain these disparities, it does not fully account for them. Therefore, it is necessary to identify how other risk factors (i.e., childhood sexual abuse [CSA]) contribute to SMW's increased risk of negative mental health and substance use outcomes. METHOD We conducted a systematic literature review to identify and synthesize the state of knowledge about CSA and mental health and substance use outcomes among SMW. Two independent reviewers screened 347 articles identified in searches of five databases (Web of Science, PsycInfo, CINAHL, PubMed, and Embase). Eligible articles were peer-reviewed, reported quantitative or mixed methods results focused on mental health or substance use outcomes among adult SMW with a history of CSA. RESULTS Twenty-four papers were included in the review. Findings clearly show that SMW report higher rates of CSA than heterosexual women. Findings also suggest that CSA may mediate the relationship between minority sexual identity and some negative outcomes. CONCLUSIONS Future studies should include minority stress factors, a broader range of mental health outcomes (apart from substance use and suicide), and more nuanced measures of CSA. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mariah Xu
- School of Nursing, Columbia University
| | - Cindy B Veldhuis
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University
| | | | - Tonda L Hughes
- School of Nursing, Columbia University Irving School of Medicine
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Roshanshad R, Roshanshad A, Fereidooni R, Hosseini-Bensenjan M. COVID-19 and liver injury: Pathophysiology, risk factors, outcome and management in special populations. World J Hepatol 2023; 15:441-459. [PMID: 37206656 PMCID: PMC10190688 DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v15.i4.441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 is an ongoing health concern. In addition to affecting the respiratory system, COVID-19 can potentially damage other systems in the body, leading to extra-pulmonary manifestations. Hepatic manifestations are among the common consequences of COVID-19. Although the precise mechanism of liver injury is still questionable, several mechanisms have been hypothesized, including direct viral effect, cytokine storm, hypoxic-ischemic injury, hypoxia-reperfusion injury, ferroptosis, and hepatotoxic medications. Risk factors of COVID-19-induced liver injury include severe COVID-19 infection, male gender, advanced age, obesity, and underlying diseases. The presentations of liver involvement comprise abnormalities in liver enzymes and radiologic findings, which can be utilized to predict the prognosis. Increased gamma-glutamyltransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and alanine aminotransferase levels with hypoalbuminemia can indicate severe liver injury and anticipate the need for intensive care units’ hospitalization. In imaging, a lower liver-to-spleen ratio and liver computed tomography attenuation may indicate a more severe illness. Furthermore, chronic liver disease patients are at a higher risk for severe disease and death from COVID-19. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease had the highest risk of advanced COVID-19 disease and death, followed by metabolic-associated fatty liver disease and cirrhosis. In addition to COVID-19-induced liver injury, the pandemic has also altered the epidemiology and pattern of some hepatic diseases, such as alcoholic liver disease and hepatitis B. Therefore, it warrants special vigilance and awareness by healthcare professionals to screen and treat COVID-19-associated liver injury accordingly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romina Roshanshad
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 7184731443, Iran
| | | | - Reza Fereidooni
- Health Policy Research Center, Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 7134814336, Iran
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Rubio M, van Hooijdonk K, Luijten M, Kappe R, Cillessen AHN, Verhagen M, Vink JM. University students' (binge) drinking during COVID-19 lockdowns: An investigation of depression, social context, resilience, and changes in alcohol use. Soc Sci Med 2023; 326:115925. [PMID: 37137201 PMCID: PMC10125214 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2023.115925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE The first COVID-19 lockdown impacted the social life and behaviors of university students, such as alcohol use. While previous studies have reported changes in students' alcohol use during the lockdown, knowledge of risk groups like binge drinkers is limited. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study is to investigate how the first lockdown impacted the alcohol use of university students who were regular binge drinkers before the lockdown. METHODS Cross-sectional data were used to explore self-reported changes in alcohol use and associated psychosocial effects in regular binge drinking versus regular drinking university students (N = 7355) during the first COVID-19 lockdown (Spring 2020) in the Netherlands. RESULTS University students generally drank less alcohol and reduced binge drinking behaviors during the lockdown. Being a binge drinker who increased/maintained alcohol use, or a regular drinker who increased, was associated with older age, fewer servings of alcohol per week before COVID-19, higher contact with friends, and not living with parents. Among regular binge drinkers, men increased their alcohol use during the lockdown significantly more than women. Among regular drinkers, those with high depressive symptoms and low resilience had increased alcohol use. CONCLUSIONS These findings give insight into significant changes in drinking behaviors among university students during the first COVID-19 lockdown. More importantly, it underscores the need to reckon vulnerable students considering drinking type and associated psychosocial variables for increasing or maintaining higher alcohol use during societal stress periods. In the present study, an unexpected at-risk group emerged among regular drinkers who increased alcohol use during the lockdown in association with their mental state (i.e., depression and resilience). As the COVID-19 pandemic, and the possibility of similar scenarios in the future, is still present in the current student life, specific preventive strategies and interventions should be targeted accordingly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milagros Rubio
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands.
| | | | - Maartje Luijten
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Rutger Kappe
- Department of Student Success, Inholland University for Applied Sciences, Haarlem, Netherlands
| | | | - Maaike Verhagen
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Jacqueline M Vink
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
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Gilbert PA, Soweid L, Holdefer PJ, Kersten S, Mulia N. Strategies to maintain recovery from alcohol problems during the COVID-19 pandemic: Insights from a mixed-methods national survey of adults in the United States. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0284435. [PMID: 37068066 PMCID: PMC10109499 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0284435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has been associated with poorer mental health and, in some cases, increased alcohol consumption; however, little is known about the pandemic's effects on people in recovery from alcohol use disorder (AUD), especially how they have coped with novel stressors. Our mixed-methods study investigated strategies used to maintain recovery during the pandemic, with attention to variation by gender. We analyzed data obtained in fall 2020 from an online US national survey of adults with resolved AUD (n = 1,492) recruited from KnowledgePanel, a probability-based cohort of non-institutionalized adults maintained by Ipsos for internet-based research. Participants endorsed possible coping strategies on a 19-item choose-all-that-apply list, which were analyzed using chi-square tests. In addition, 1,008 participants provided text responses to an open-ended question about their strategies to maintain recovery during the pandemic, which were coded and analyzed using an inductive, thematic approach. The majority of our sample met criteria for severe lifetime AUD (72.9%), reported being in recovery more than five years (75.5%), and had never used specialty AUD services or mutual-help groups (59.7%). The ordering of the coping strategies was quite similar for women and men; however, the top strategy (talking with family and friends by phone, text, or video) was endorsed more frequently by women than men (49.7% vs. 36.1%; p < .001). Among qualitative themes, "staying connected" was the most common. It was dominated by statements about family, with women mentioning children more often than men. Among other themes, "cognitive strategies" mirrored established therapeutic modalities, and "active pursuits" aligned with many recent recommendations for service providers working with substance-using populations during the pandemic. A minority of participants invoked "willpower" for recovery or stated that pandemic restrictions helped by reducing exposure to relapse risks. These findings shed light on recovery mechanisms during the COVID-19 pandemic and suggest potential intervention targets to support recovery during other catastrophic events, such as natural disasters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul A. Gilbert
- Department of Community and Behavioral Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Loulwa Soweid
- Department of Community and Behavioral Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Paul J. Holdefer
- Department of Community and Behavioral Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Sarah Kersten
- Department of Community and Behavioral Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Nina Mulia
- Alcohol Research Group, Public Health Institute, Emeryville, California, Unites States of America
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Pitkänen J, Remes H, Aaltonen M, Martikainen P. Moderating role of sociodemographic factors in parental psychiatric treatment before and after offspring severe self-harm. J Affect Disord 2023; 327:145-154. [PMID: 36758868 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parental psychiatric disorders are known risk factors for adolescent self-harm. Although this association is likely to have a bidirectional element, evidence on changes in parental psychiatric treatment following offspring self-harm is scarce. METHODS Finnish children born in 1987-1996 with a hospital-treated episode of self-harm between the ages 13 and 19 years (N = 3636) were identified using administrative register data, and their biological mothers (N = 3432) and fathers (N = 3167) were followed two years before and after the episode. Data on purchases of psychotropic medication, specialized psychiatric treatment and psychiatric sickness allowances were used to examine psychiatric treatment among parents. Differences by parental education, employment and living arrangements were assessed, and offspring self-harm was compared with offspring accidental poisonings and traffic accidents. RESULTS Psychiatric treatment peaked among mothers during the three-month period after offspring self-harm, after which the treatment prevalence decreased but remained slightly elevated relative to the time preceding offspring self-harm. Higher levels of education and being employed increased the likelihood of treatment right after the episode. Among fathers, changes in treatment were negligible. Treatment trajectories around the comparison events of accidents were similar in shape but more muted than among the parents whose children had self-harmed. LIMITATIONS General practitioner visits or other data from primary health care were not available. CONCLUSION Mothers receive increased psychiatric treatment after stressful offspring events. Our results indicate that prevention of self-harm and accidents would be beneficial not only for those directly concerned but also for their family members.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joonas Pitkänen
- Population Research Unit, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Helsinki, Finland; International Max Planck Research School for Population, Health and Data Science, Rostock, Germany.
| | - Hanna Remes
- Population Research Unit, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mikko Aaltonen
- Institute of Criminology and Legal Policy, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; Law School, University of Eastern Finland, Joensuu, Finland
| | - Pekka Martikainen
- Population Research Unit, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Helsinki, Finland; Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Rostock, Germany; Department of Public Health Sciences, Stockholm University, Sweden
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Dixit U, He J, Whited M, Ellis JM, Zickgraf HF. Negative emotional eating patterns among American university students: A replication study. Appetite 2023; 186:106554. [PMID: 37030451 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2023.106554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023]
Abstract
Emotional eating (EE) has been consistently associated with obesity, weight gain, and certain eating disorders (EDs). Given the cultural influence on food consumption and eating styles, comparison of EE patterns of individuals in culturally distinct nations (e.g., USA and China) could yield interesting differences in findings. However, given the increasing convergence in eating practices between the above-mentioned nations (e.g., higher reliance on outdoor eating at restaurants among Chinese adolescents), EE patterns might share significant similarities. The present study examined EE patterns of American college students and is a replication of the study done by He, Chen, Wu, Niu, and Fan (2020) on Chinese college students. Responses of 533 participants (60.4% women, 70.1% White, aged 18-52 (mean age = 18.75, SD = 1.35), mean self-reported body mass index = 24.22 kg/m2 and SD = 4.77) on the Adult Eating Behavior Questionnaire (Emotional overeating and emotional undereating subscales) were examined using Latent Class Analysis to identify specific patterns of EE. Participants also completed questionnaire measures of disordered eating and associated psychosocial impairment, depression, stress, and anxiety symptoms, and a measure of psychological flexibility. A solution with four classes emerged, i.e., emotional over- and undereating (18.3%), emotional overeating (18.2%), emotional undereating (27.8%), and non-emotional eating (35.7%). Current findings replicated and extended findings from He, Chen, et al. (2020) in that the emotional over- and undereating class exhibited the highest risks for depression, anxiety, stress, and psychosocial impairment due to disordered eating symptoms as well as lower psychological flexibility. Individuals who have difficulty with awareness and acceptance of their emotions appear to engage in the most problematic form of EE and could benefit from Dialectical behavior therapy and Acceptance and commitment therapy skills training.
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Belay GM, Lam KKW, Liu Q, Wu CST, Mak YW, Ho KY. Magnitude and determinants of alcohol use disorder among adult population in East Asian countries: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1144012. [PMID: 36926176 PMCID: PMC10011711 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1144012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Alcohol use disorder is a medical condition characterized by an impaired ability to control or stop alcohol use despite adverse health outcomes. Despite several studies that have analyzed the prevalence and determinants, their results have been equivocal, and the reasons for the differences in prevalence rates and determinants of AUD across nationalities are unknown. Hence, this study estimated the pooled prevalence of alcohol use disorder and its determinant among adults in East Asian countries. Methods Articles were searched from PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, PsycINFO, and Scopus. All observational study designs that fulfilled the predefined criteria were included in the study. The findings were reported following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA). The quality and heterogeneity of articles were assessed using the new castle-Ottawa scale (NOS) and I2, respectively. Additionally, publication bias was checked through funnel plot and Egger's regression test. Results A total of 14 articles with 93, 161 study participants were considered in the study. Of which 9 studies were included in the meta-analysis of the 1-year prevalence of alcohol use disorder, 6 in the lifetime, 9 in alcohol abuse, and 8 in alcohol dependency. Consequently, the overall pooled prevalence of one-year alcohol use disorder was 8.88% (95% CI: 6.32, 11.44), lifetime 13.41% (95%CI: 8.48, 18.34), alcohol abuse 5.4% (95% CI: 2.66, 8.13), and alcohol dependency 4.47% (95% CI: 2.66, 6.27). In the subgroup analysis by country, the highest 1-year and lifetime pooled prevalence of alcohol use disorder was observed in Korea at 9.78% (95% CI:4.40, 15.15) and 16.73% (95% CI: 15.31, 18.16), respectively. Besides, smoking (OR: 3.99; 95% CI: 1.65, 6.33) and male gender (OR: 5.9; 95% CI: 3.3, 8.51) were significant determinants of alcohol use disorder. Conclusions The magnitude of alcohol use disorder was high among adults in East Asian countries. Smoking and male gender were the key determinants of alcohol use disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Ka Yan Ho
- School of Nursing, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Heradstveit O, Hysing M, Breivik K, Skogen JC, Askeland KG. Negative Life Events, Protective Factors, and Substance-Related Problems: A Study of Resilience in Adolescence. Subst Use Misuse 2023; 58:471-480. [PMID: 36710631 DOI: 10.1080/10826084.2022.2161319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is compelling evidence for an association between negative life events (NLE) and substance-related problems (SRP) during adolescence. The literature is, however, still limited with regards to protective factors for SRP among adolescents exposed to NLE. METHODS A large population-based survey including 9,611 Norwegian adolescents aged 16 to 19 years, comprised the dataset of this study. The main explanatory variable was NLE. The main outcome variable was SRP, assessed by the CRAFFT scale. Potential protective factors were measured with five subscales from the Resilience Scale for Adolescents (READ) questionnaire. The potential protective factors and sex were explored as moderators for the associations between NLE and SRP. RESULTS NLE were strongly associated with SRP. Four out of five potential protective factors (i.e., Goal Orientation, Self-confidence, Family Cohesion, and Social Support) showed evidence of a protective-stabilizing effect. Even if they had protective effect across all levels of exposure to NLE, these effects were even stronger for adolescents with high exposure. For Family Cohesion a protective-stabilizing effect was only evident for boys, while a direct protective effect was found for girls. Finally, Social Competence was the only factor that did not show any evidence of promoting resilience toward SRP. CONCLUSIONS NLE had a strong relation with SRP in this study. Protective factors buffered against SRP for all adolescents - but particularly so for adolescents who had high exposure to NLE. These findings highlight the need for preventive efforts to strengthen protective factors that may promote resilience among adolescents at risk for SRP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ove Heradstveit
- Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare, NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, Bergen, Norway.,Center for Alcohol & Drug Research, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Mari Hysing
- Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare, NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Psychosocial Science, Faculty of Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Kyrre Breivik
- Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare, NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, Bergen, Norway
| | - Jens Christoffer Skogen
- Center for Alcohol & Drug Research, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway.,Department of Health Promotion, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Bergen, Norway.,Centre for Evaluation of Public Health Measures, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kristin Gärtner Askeland
- Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare, NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, Bergen, Norway
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The association between child maltreatment and problematic alcohol use in adulthood in a large multi-ethnic cohort: the HELIUS study. Epidemiol Psychiatr Sci 2022; 31:e87. [PMID: 36484150 PMCID: PMC9762143 DOI: 10.1017/s2045796022000695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS There is evidence that child maltreatment is associated with problematic alcohol use later in life. However, previous epidemiological studies that have examined the link between child maltreatment and adult problematic alcohol use have not considered ethnic differences. Therefore, the purpose of the current study was to investigate the relationship between child maltreatment and adult problematic alcohol use among six ethnic groups in the Netherlands, in a large, urban sample. METHODS This study used baseline data from the Healthy Life in an Urban Setting (HELIUS) study: a large-scale, multi-ethnic prospective cohort study conducted in Amsterdam, the Netherlands. Child maltreatment, current problematic alcohol use and several potential confounders (e.g. parental alcohol use) were assessed in participants (N = 23 356) of Dutch, South-Asian Surinamese, African Surinamese, Ghanaian, Turkish and Moroccan origin. With logistic regression analyses, we examined effect modification by ethnicity on the association between child maltreatment and problematic alcohol use. Furthermore, we explored effect modification by ethnicity for specific types of child maltreatment, namely: physical, sexual and psychological abuse and emotional neglect. RESULTS Effect modification by ethnicity was present. Stronger associations between child maltreatment and problematic alcohol use were found in all ethnic minority groups compared to the Dutch reference group. Particularly strong associations between all four types of child maltreatment and alcohol use problems were found for the Moroccan origin group. CONCLUSIONS This study adds to a growing body of evidence that child maltreatment is associated with problematic alcohol use in adulthood. In addition, our findings indicate that ethnicity impacts this relationship. Although problematic alcohol use was more prevalent in the Dutch origin group, associations with child maltreatment were stronger in ethnic minority groups. Future studies on child maltreatment and alcohol use problems should also examine ethnic disparities and should further unravel how these disparities can be explained.
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Heradstveit O, Askeland KG, Bøe T, Lundervold AJ, Elgen IB, Skogen JC, Pedersen MU, Hysing M. Substance-Related Problems in Adolescents with ADHD-Diagnoses: The Importance of Self-Reported Conduct Problems. J Atten Disord 2022; 26:1857-1869. [PMID: 35758182 PMCID: PMC9596946 DOI: 10.1177/10870547221105063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a known risk factor for substance-related problems (SRP) during adolescence, but the nature of this relationship and the importance of co-occurring conduct problems are not fully understood. METHODS Data stem from a linked dataset between a large population-based survey conducted in 2012 of Norwegian adolescents aged 16 to 19, and registry-based data from specialized child and adolescent mental health services (n = 9,411). RESULTS Adolescents with "ADHD + high conduct problems" had increased risk of SRP (odds ratios = 2.37-10.14). Adolescents with "ADHD only" had very similar risk of SRP as adolescents from the general population with low symptoms of conduct problems. Relative to boys, girls with "ADHD + high conduct problems" appeared to have somewhat higher risk for SRP. CONCLUSION The present study suggests that the risk for SRP among adolescent with ADHD is largely driven by co-existing conduct problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ove Heradstveit
- NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, Bergen, Norway,Stavanger University Hospital, Norway,Ove Heradstveit, NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, RKBU, Nygårdsgaten 112, Bergen 5008, Norway.
| | | | - Tormod Bøe
- NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, Bergen, Norway,University of Bergen, Norway
| | | | | | | | | | - Mari Hysing
- NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, Bergen, Norway,University of Bergen, Norway
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Kim JY, Minnes S, Min MO, Ridenour TA. Co-occurrence of Psychopathology Problems in At-Risk Adolescents. JOURNAL OF PSYCHOPATHOLOGY AND BEHAVIORAL ASSESSMENT 2022; 44:1110-1125. [PMID: 37840844 PMCID: PMC10569334 DOI: 10.1007/s10862-022-09980-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
No known studies have investigated co-occurrence of psychopathology problems in adolescents with biologic and/or environmental susceptibility, including prenatal drug exposure. This study identified comorbidity patterns of psychopathology problems by utilizing data from urban, primarily African American, youth, majority of whom were at heightened risk for exposure to drugs in utero. The roles of Research Domain Criteria (RDoC)-informed behavioral constructs of the Negative Valence (irritability) and Social Process Systems (social disinhibition) as antecedents of the comorbidity patterns were further examined. Lastly, the predictive validity of the identified patterns was evaluated in relation to emerging adulthood outcomes. Participants were 358 urban adolescents, primarily African Americans, drawn from a 21-year prospective birth-cohort study of the effects of prenatal drug exposure. Psychopathology problems were assessed at age 15. Irritability and social disinhibition were self-reported at age 12. Emerging adulthood outcomes were measured at age 21. Latent class modeling indicated four patterns: Normative (57%), substance-use (SU; 24%), mental-health-problems-without-substance-use (MH; 11%), and substance-use-and-other-mental-health-problems (SUMH; 7%). Higher irritability increased the odds of developing the MH pattern, whereas higher social disinhibition increased the odds of developing the SU pattern. The odds of manifesting the SUMH pattern were higher for children with higher irritability. For children with higher social disinhibition, the odds of manifesting the SUMH pattern were higher at a trend level. Adolescent comorbidity patterns were differentially associated with problematic tobacco and marijuana use and clinically relevant mental health problems in emerging adulthood, and completion of high school education. Peri-pubertal identification of individual differences in irritability and social disinhibition may mitigate the emergence of adolescent psychopathology, which could influence emerging adulthood adjustment in this at-risk population.
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Affiliation(s)
- June-Yung Kim
- University of North Dakota, College of Nursing and Professional Disciplines, Department of Social Work, Grand Forks, North Dakota
| | - Sonia Minnes
- Case Western Reserve University, Jack, Joseph, and Morton Mandel School of Applied Social Sciences, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Meeyoung O. Min
- University of Utah, College of Social Work, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Ty A. Ridenour
- Research Triangle Institute International, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
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Grummitt L, Barrett E, Kelly E, Newton N. An Umbrella Review of the Links Between Adverse Childhood Experiences and Substance Misuse: What, Why, and Where Do We Go from Here? Subst Abuse Rehabil 2022; 13:83-100. [PMID: 36411791 PMCID: PMC9675346 DOI: 10.2147/sar.s341818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES A wealth of research has identified adverse childhood experiences (ACEs; abuse, neglect, violence or disorder in the home) as a strong risk factor for substance misuse. Synthesis of the existing evidence is critical to shape policy and inform directions for future research. Existing reviews have focused on specific substances or substance use outcomes (eg, disorder), and do not include discussion of the mechanisms that operate between ACEs and substance misuse. The current umbrella review aims to synthesize reviews on the relationship between ACEs and substance misuse, review the evidence on the mechanisms linking these, identify existing gaps in our knowledge, and discuss critical directions for future research, practice, and public policy. METHODS Two electronic databases (PsycINFO and Medline) were searched for reviews published between 1998 and 2022 on the link between ACEs and substance misuse. Twenty articles met eligibility criteria and were qualitatively synthesized. RESULTS Results overwhelmingly demonstrated an elevated risk of substance misuse or disorder, among adolescents and adults exposed to ACEs. Research on the mechanisms that explain this link highlights a multitude of potential intervention targets, with childhood stress propelling a cascade of effects across neurobiological, endocrine, immune, metabolic, and nervous systems, impacting psychosocial and cognitive functioning. Nonetheless, the literature is subject to limitations surrounding potential unmeasured cofounders and causality, as well as decontextualizing childhood adversity from broader structural issues that influence the link between ACEs and substance misuse. Research, policy, and practice that seek to holistically understand and address the relationship between ACEs and substance misuse within the broader social determinants of health is crucial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucinda Grummitt
- The Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Emma Barrett
- The Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Erin Kelly
- The Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Nicola Newton
- The Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
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Curry CW, Beach LB, Wang X, Ruprecht MM, Felt D, Floresca YB, Phillips GL. At-School Victimization and Alcohol Use Among Minoritized U.S. Youth, 2009-2017. Am J Prev Med 2022; 63:772-782. [PMID: 35871118 DOI: 10.1016/j.amepre.2022.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Sexual minority and/or racial/ethnic minority youth may use alcohol at school as a form of minority stress-based coping. Polyvictimization is particularly prevalent among sexual minority and/or racial/ethnic minority youth and may be a useful proxy measure for minority stressors. METHODS Data from local administrations of the Youth Risk Behavior Survey were pooled across 42 jurisdiction years (biennially, 2009-2017) and analyzed in 2022, resulting in a sample of 118,052 U.S. youth. The prevalence of alcohol use at school was examined by sexual identity, race/ethnicity, and their intersections, stratified by sex. Multivariable logistic regression models were built to examine the disparities in alcohol use at school and the impact of school-based polyvictimization. RESULTS At the intersections of race/ethnicity and sexual identity, 25 of 30 sexual minority and/or racial/ethnic minority subpopulations had greater odds of alcohol use at school than their White heterosexual same-sex peers. Hispanic/Latinx not-sure males (AOR=9.15; 95% CI=5.97, 14.03) and Hispanic/Latinx lesbian females (AOR=11.24; 95% CI=6.40, 19.77) were most likely to report alcohol use at school. After adjusting for polyvictimization, the magnitude of association was attenuated for most sexual minority and/or racial/ethnic minority subpopulations; however, all but 2 significant associations remained. CONCLUSIONS Sexual minority and/or racial/ethnic minority youth were more likely than White heterosexual peers to use alcohol at school, with the greatest odds among multiply marginalized and polyvictimized youth. Interventions should consider addressing more than school-based victimization alone because disparities persisted, although at a lower magnitude, after accounting for polyvictimization. Future longitudinal studies are warranted to further explore the associations between multiply marginalized identities, school-based polyvictimization, and alcohol use at school.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caleb W Curry
- Evaluation, Data Integration, and Technical Assistance (EDIT) Program, Institute for Sexual and Gender Minority Health and Wellbeing, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois; Department of Medical Social Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois; The Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy & Clinical Practice, Hanover, New Hampshire
| | - Lauren B Beach
- Evaluation, Data Integration, and Technical Assistance (EDIT) Program, Institute for Sexual and Gender Minority Health and Wellbeing, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois; Department of Medical Social Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Xinzi Wang
- Evaluation, Data Integration, and Technical Assistance (EDIT) Program, Institute for Sexual and Gender Minority Health and Wellbeing, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois; Department of Medical Social Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Megan M Ruprecht
- Evaluation, Data Integration, and Technical Assistance (EDIT) Program, Institute for Sexual and Gender Minority Health and Wellbeing, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois; Department of Medical Social Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Dylan Felt
- Evaluation, Data Integration, and Technical Assistance (EDIT) Program, Institute for Sexual and Gender Minority Health and Wellbeing, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois; Department of Medical Social Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Ysabel Beatrice Floresca
- Evaluation, Data Integration, and Technical Assistance (EDIT) Program, Institute for Sexual and Gender Minority Health and Wellbeing, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois; Department of Medical Social Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Gregory L Phillips
- Evaluation, Data Integration, and Technical Assistance (EDIT) Program, Institute for Sexual and Gender Minority Health and Wellbeing, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois; Department of Medical Social Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois.
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Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic is having substantial impacts on the health status of individuals with alcohol use disorder (AUD) and alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD). AUD and ALD have both been impacted throughout the pandemic, with increases in alcohol use during the early stages of the pandemic, reduced access to treatment during the mid-pandemic, and challenges in managing the downstream effects in the post-COVID era. This review will focus on how the COVID-19 pandemic has impacted AUD and ALD epidemiology and access to treatment, and will discuss to address this rising AUD and ALD disease burden.
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Ukai T, Tabuchi T, Ohira T, Nakano H, Maeda M, Yabe H, Takahashi A, Yasumura S, Iso H, Kamiya K. Associations between the perception of risk in radiation exposure and changes in smoking and drinking status after a disaster: The Fukushima Health Management Survey. Prev Med Rep 2022; 30:102054. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2022.102054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Asare BYA, Thomas E, Affandi JS, Schammer M, Harris C, Kwasnicka D, Powell D, Reid CM, Robinson S. Multiple health-related behaviours among Fly-In Fly-Out workers in the mining industry in Australia: A cross-sectional survey during the COVID-19 pandemic. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0275008. [PMID: 36301801 PMCID: PMC9612538 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0275008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fly-In-Fly-Out (FIFO) workers travel to work at isolated locations, and rotate continuous workdays with leave periods at home, and such work practice is common in the offshore oil and gas and onshore mining industry worldwide. The COVID-19 pandemic and accompanying public health actions appear to have had a negative impact on several health-related behaviours among the general population. However, little is known about the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the health behaviours of FIFO workers, who have shown higher pre-pandemic rates of risky behaviours than the general population in Australia. This study examined the health-related behaviours of FIFO workers in the mining industry during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted. FIFO workers from an Australian mining company who underwent COVID-19 screening between May and November 2020 completed an online survey about their regular health-related behaviours. The independent sample t-test and Pearson's chi-square test where appropriate were conducted to examine the differences between males and females for the behavioural outcomes. RESULTS A total of 768 FIFO workers (633 males and 135 females) participated in the study. Prevalence of smoking was high (32%). Males smoked more cigarettes per day than females (15.2±7.0 vs 13.1±7.1, p = .174). Most participants (74.7%) drank alcohol on more than two days per week. Compared to females, more males (20.2% vs 8.0%) consumed alcohol at short-term harmful levels (p = .010). About a third (34.4%) of the workers (33.5% of males and 38.5% of females, p = .264) engaged in inadequate moderate-vigorous exercises/physical activity. About a third (33.1%) of workers (33.7% of males and 30.4% of females; p = .699) had multiple risk behaviours. CONCLUSIONS Prevalence of multiple risk behaviours was high. Interventions aimed at the prevention of risky health-related behaviours should target the different behavioural patterns and may require emphasis on gender-informed techniques particularly when addressing alcohol consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernard Yeboah-Asiamah Asare
- Health Psychology Group, Institute of Applied Health Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom,Curtin School of Population Health, Curtin University, Bentley, Australia,* E-mail:
| | - Elizabeth Thomas
- Curtin School of Population Health, Curtin University, Bentley, Australia,Division of Surgery, School of Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Australia
| | | | | | - Chris Harris
- Mineral Resources Limited, Applecross, Australia
| | - Dominika Kwasnicka
- Faculty of Psychology, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Wroclaw, Poland,NHMRC CRE in Digital Technology to Transform Chronic Disease Outcomes, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Daniel Powell
- Health Psychology Group, Institute of Applied Health Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom,Rowett Institute, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher M. Reid
- Curtin School of Population Health, Curtin University, Bentley, Australia,School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Suzanne Robinson
- Curtin School of Population Health, Curtin University, Bentley, Australia
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Villanueva-Blasco VJ, J. MM, Villanueva-Silvestre V, Vázquez-Martínez A. Relationship Between Depression and Risky Alcohol Consumption in Women: the Mediating Role of Coping Styles and Age. Int J Ment Health Addict 2022:1-18. [PMID: 36248266 PMCID: PMC9555268 DOI: 10.1007/s11469-022-00931-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Women are more likely to use alcohol as a coping strategy for psychological distress, with higher rates of comorbidity with depression being found in those with an alcohol use disorder. The objective of this study was to analyze changes in problematic alcohol consumption and depression during the COVID-19 lockdown, and to establish a predictive model based on age. A total of 1889 women aged 18-64 years (M = 36.14) participated. The Patient Health Questionnaire was applied for depression, the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test-Short Version for alcohol, and active and avoidant coping were considered. In the period prior to the pandemic, depression and avoidant coping were good predictors of alcohol consumption in women, regardless of age. During lockdown, this predictive capacity was only maintained in women aged 35-64 years. In the mediational models, differences were observed according to age. For women aged 18-34 years, depression was the predictor variable of problematic alcohol consumption, but for women aged 35-64 years it was the avoidant coping style, which is the predominant style in women of this age with clinical depression. The relevance of age in the combined treatments of depression and problematic alcohol consumption is highlighted, and training in active coping strategies is suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- V. J. Villanueva-Blasco
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Valencian International University, Valencia, Spain
- Research Group On Health and Psycho-Social Adjustment (GI-SAPS), Valencian International University, C/ Pintor Sorolla, 21, 46002 Valencia, Spain
| | - Mateu-Mollá J.
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Valencian International University, Valencia, Spain
- Research Group On Health and Psycho-Social Adjustment (GI-SAPS), Valencian International University, C/ Pintor Sorolla, 21, 46002 Valencia, Spain
| | - V. Villanueva-Silvestre
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Valencian International University, Valencia, Spain
- Research Group On Health and Psycho-Social Adjustment (GI-SAPS), Valencian International University, C/ Pintor Sorolla, 21, 46002 Valencia, Spain
| | - A. Vázquez-Martínez
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Valencian International University, Valencia, Spain
- Research Group On Health and Psycho-Social Adjustment (GI-SAPS), Valencian International University, C/ Pintor Sorolla, 21, 46002 Valencia, Spain
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Tureluren E, Claes L, Andriessen K. Factors Associated With Alcohol and Substance Use in Bereaved College and University Students. OMEGA-JOURNAL OF DEATH AND DYING 2022:302228221132904. [PMID: 36214171 DOI: 10.1177/00302228221132904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
Experiencing the death of a loved one increases the risk of developing mental health problems. Students are vulnerable to developing mental health problems, to which substance use can contribute. Still, few studies have examined substance use in bereaved students. Using an online survey, we collected data about the impact of the death of a loved one on Belgian students' (N = 666) substance use. Using regression analysis we examined its relation to social support, grief, mental health and personal growth. A significant number of students indicated that the death affected their substance use. Feelings of grief and mental health distress played a significant role in students whose substance use increased after the death. There was no significant relationship between social support and personal growth and substance use. Our findings indicate that mental health professionals must address substance use when working with bereaved students to ensure early intervention and adequate support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Tureluren
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, KU Leuven, Belgium
| | - Laurence Claes
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, KU Leuven, Belgium
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Karl Andriessen
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, KU Leuven, Belgium
- Centre for Mental Health, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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Guimarães MO, Guimarães GDL, Silva JWRD, Souza KKBD, Vieira-Andrade RG, Ferreira RC, Zarzar PMPDA. Does religiosity impact binge drinking among early adolescents? A cross-sectional study in a city in Southeastern Brazil. CIENCIA & SAUDE COLETIVA 2022; 27:3669-3678. [PMID: 36000653 DOI: 10.1590/1413-81232022279.03162022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated the association between religiosity and binge drinking in early adolescence. A cross-sectional study was conducted with adolescents aged 10-13 from Belo Horizonte, Brazil. Stratified random sampling was performed considering the administrative district and school year. Adolescents filled an AUDIT-C form, containing questions about religiosity and binge drinking by parents and their best friends. Adolescents' caregivers answered a form regarding socioeconomic issues. Descriptive analysis, univariate, and multivariate logistic regression were performed. A total of 650 adolescents participated in the study. The frequency of binge drinking was 13.7%. In the adjusted model, religiosity was not associated with binge drinking. The covariates associated were the age of 12-13 years (OR: 1.94; CI95%: 1.06-3.56; p=0.030), maternal binge drinking (OR: 3.12; CI95%: 1.76-5.52; p<0.001) best friend binge drinking (OR: 6.01; CI95%: 3.40-10.62; p<0.001) and nonnuclear family (OR: 1.80; CI95%: 1.01-3.23; p=0.045). The findings revealed that, for binge drinking, the main factors that influenced this decision were the best friend and maternal binge drinking and family structure, although the adolescents claimed to be religious.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Oliveira Guimarães
- Departamento de Saúde Bucal da Criança e do Adolescente, Faculdade de Odontologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG). R. Prof. Moacir Gomes de Freitas 688, Pampulha. 31270-901 Belo Horizonte MG Brasil.
| | | | | | | | - Raquel Gonçalves Vieira-Andrade
- Departamento de Saúde Bucal da Criança e do Adolescente, Faculdade de Odontologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG). R. Prof. Moacir Gomes de Freitas 688, Pampulha. 31270-901 Belo Horizonte MG Brasil.
| | - Raquel Conceição Ferreira
- Departamento de Odontologia Social e Preventiva, Faculdade de Odontologia, UFMG. Belo Horizonte MG Brasil
| | - Patrícia Maria Pereira de Araújo Zarzar
- Departamento de Saúde Bucal da Criança e do Adolescente, Faculdade de Odontologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG). R. Prof. Moacir Gomes de Freitas 688, Pampulha. 31270-901 Belo Horizonte MG Brasil.
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da Silva Júnior AE, de Lima Macena M, de Oliveira ADS, Praxedes DRS, de Oliveira Maranhão Pureza IR, de Menezes Toledo Florêncio TM, Gearhardt AN, Bueno NB. Prevalence of food addiction and its association with anxiety, depression, and adherence to social distancing measures in Brazilian university students during the COVID-19 pandemic: a nationwide study. Eat Weight Disord 2022; 27:2027-2035. [PMID: 34997553 PMCID: PMC8741577 DOI: 10.1007/s40519-021-01344-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The study's objective was to determine the prevalence of food addiction (FA) in Brazilian university students and to verify whether there is an association with anxiety, depression, and adherence to the social distancing measures adopted during the COVID-19 pandemic. This is a nationwide cross-sectional study carried out through the application of online questionnaires. Self-reported data on age, sex, economic class, race/skin color, anthropometric data, depression diagnosis, anxiety, modified Yale Food Addiction Scale 2.0 (mYFAS 2.0), and adherence to social distancing measures were collected. 5368 participants were included, with a mean age was 24.1 ± 6.3 years, the majority were female (n = 3990; 74.3%), and the mean BMI in our sample was 24.5 ± 5.3 kg/m2. The prevalence of FA was 19.1% (95%CI: 18.0; 20.0%). An association was observed between FA with depression (PR: 1.60; 95%CI: 1.43; 1.78; p < 0.01), and anxiety (3.13; 95%CI: 2.74; 3.58; p < 0.01), but not with adherence to social distancing measures (p = 0.70). In conclusion, there was a higher prevalence of FA in Brazilian university students. Besides, university students with anxiety, depression, overweight, or obesity and females are more prone to FA.Level of evidence Level V, Opinions of authorities, based on descriptive studies, narrative reviews, clinical experience, or reports of expert committees.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mateus de Lima Macena
- Faculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Maceió, AL, 57072-900, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Telma Maria de Menezes Toledo Florêncio
- Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.,Faculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Maceió, AL, 57072-900, Brazil
| | | | - Nassib Bezerra Bueno
- Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. .,Faculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Maceió, AL, 57072-900, Brazil.
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Unravelling Reciprocal Effects Among Young Adults’ Binge Drinking, Stress, and Anticipated Regret. Addict Behav 2022; 135:107432. [DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2022.107432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2020] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Endashaw Hareru H, Kaso AW, Debela BG, Abebe L, Sisay W/Tsadik D, Kassa Abebe R, Kassaw C. Alcohol use disorder and its associated factors among residents in Southern Ethiopia during the era of COVID-19. SAGE Open Med 2022; 10:20503121221105031. [PMID: 35756350 PMCID: PMC9218489 DOI: 10.1177/20503121221105031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: To determine the prevalence of alcohol use disorder and associated factors among residents of Dilla town, Gedeo zone, Southern Ethiopia, 2021. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 666 randomly selected participants. Interview-assisted structured questionnaire was used to collect data, and alcohol use disorder identification test was employed to measure alcohol use disorder. The data were entered in to Epi info version 7 and exported in to SPSS version 25 for analysis. Both bivariate and multivariate binary logistic regression analysis were used to identify significant factors related with alcohol use disorder. In the multivariate model, variables with p value < 0.05 were considered as a statistical significant factor for the outcome variable. Finally, adjusted odds ratio with 95% confidence interval was computed to assess the strength of association. Results: The magnitude of alcohol used disorder during the past year was 30.6% (95% confidence interval: 25.5%–35.7%). Being male (adjusted odds ratio = 8.33, 95% confidence interval: (4.34, 15.98)), age of less than 33 years old (adjusted odds ratio = 1.78, 95% confidence interval: (1.06, 3.00)), current cigarette smoking (adjusted odds ratio = 2.49, 95% confidence interval: (1.42, 4.37)), current khat chewing (adjusted odds ratio = 6.23, 95% confidence interval: (3.8, 9.92)), high level of psychological distress (adjusted odds ratio = 7.69, 95% confidence interval: (4.16, 14.28)) and poor social support (adjusted odds ratio = 2.30, 95% confidence interval: (1.27, 4.18)) were significantly associated with alcohol use disorder. Conclusion: A large percentage of respondents in our sample had an alcohol use disorder. Alcohol use problems were linked to being men, under the age of 33 years old, current khat chewing, current cigarette smoking, a high level of psychological distress, and poor of social support. As a result, early screening, public health intervention programs and establishing appropriate referral linkages with mental health facilities are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Habtamu Endashaw Hareru
- School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Science, Dilla University, Dilla, Ethiopia
| | - Abdene Weya Kaso
- School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Science, Dilla University, Dilla, Ethiopia
| | - Berhanu Gidisa Debela
- School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Science, Dilla University, Dilla, Ethiopia
| | - Lulu Abebe
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine and Health Science, Dilla University, Dilla, Ethiopia
| | - Daniel Sisay W/Tsadik
- School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Science, Dilla University, Dilla, Ethiopia
| | - Reta Kassa Abebe
- School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Science, Dilla University, Dilla, Ethiopia
| | - Chalachew Kassaw
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine and Health Science, Dilla University, Dilla, Ethiopia
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