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Jamra G, Ghosh S, Singh N, Tripathy MK, Aggarwal A, Singh RDR, Srivastava AK, Kumar A, Pandey GK. Ectopic overexpression of Eleusine coracana CAX3 confers tolerance to metal and ion stress in yeast and Arabidopsis. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 211:108613. [PMID: 38696868 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
Ionic and metal toxicity in plants is still a global problem for the environment, agricultural productivity and ultimately poses human health threats when these metal ions accumulate in edible organs of plants. Metal and ion transport from cytosol to the vacuole is considered an important component of metal and ion tolerance and a plant's potential utility in phytoremediation. Finger millet (Eleusine coracana) is an orphan crop but has prominent nutritional value in comparison to other cereals. Previous transcriptomic studies suggested that one of the calcium/proton exchanger (EcCAX3) is strongly upregulated during different developmental stages of spikes development in plant. This finding led us to speculate that high calcium accumulation in the grain might be because of CAX3 function. Moreover, phylogenetic analysis shows that EcCAX3 is more closely related to foxtail millet, sorghum and rice CAX3 protein. To decipher the functional role of EcCAX3, we have adopted complementation of yeast triple mutant K677 (Δpmc1Δvcx1Δcnb1), which has defective calcium transport machinery. Furthermore, metal tolerance assay shows that EcCAX3 expression conferred tolerance to different metal stresses in yeast. The gain-of-function study suggests that EcCAX3 overexpressing Arabidopsis plants shows better tolerance to higher concentration of different metal ions as compared to wild type Col-0 plants. EcCAX3-overexpression transgenic lines exhibits abundance of metal transporters and cation exchanger transporter transcripts under metal stress conditions. Furthermore, EcCAX3-overexpression lines have higher accumulation of macro- and micro-elements under different metal stress. Overall, this finding highlights the functional role of EcCAX3 in the regulation of metal and ion homeostasis and this could be potentially utilized to engineer metal fortification and generation of stress tolerant crops in near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gautam Jamra
- Dept. of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi, 110021, India; Dept. of Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering, GBPUAT, Pantnagar Uttarakhand, 263145, India
| | - Soma Ghosh
- Dept. of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi, 110021, India
| | - Nidhi Singh
- Dept. of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi, 110021, India
| | - Manas Kumar Tripathy
- Dept. of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi, 110021, India
| | - Aparna Aggarwal
- Dept. of Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering, GBPUAT, Pantnagar Uttarakhand, 263145, India
| | - Reema Devi Rajan Singh
- Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, 400085, India
| | - Ashish Kumar Srivastava
- Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, 400085, India
| | - Anil Kumar
- Dept. of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi, 110021, India; Dept. of Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering, GBPUAT, Pantnagar Uttarakhand, 263145, India; Director Education, Rani Lakshmi Bai Central Agriculture University, Jhansi, NH-75, Near Pahuj Dam, Gwalior Road, Jhansi, Uttar Pradesh, 284003, India.
| | - Girdhar K Pandey
- Dept. of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi, 110021, India.
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Wang C, Tang RJ, Kou S, Xu X, Lu Y, Rauscher K, Voelker A, Luan S. Mechanisms of calcium homeostasis orchestrate plant growth and immunity. Nature 2024; 627:382-388. [PMID: 38418878 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07100-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Calcium (Ca2+) is an essential nutrient for plants and a cellular signal, but excessive levels can be toxic and inhibit growth1,2. To thrive in dynamic environments, plants must monitor and maintain cytosolic Ca2+ homeostasis by regulating numerous Ca2+ transporters3. Here we report two signalling pathways in Arabidopsis thaliana that converge on the activation of vacuolar Ca2+/H+ exchangers (CAXs) to scavenge excess cytosolic Ca2+ in plants. One mechanism, activated in response to an elevated external Ca2+ level, entails calcineurin B-like (CBL) Ca2+ sensors and CBL-interacting protein kinases (CIPKs), which activate CAXs by phosphorylating a serine (S) cluster in the auto-inhibitory domain. The second pathway, triggered by molecular patterns associated with microorganisms, engages the immune receptor complex FLS2-BAK1 and the associated cytoplasmic kinases BIK1 and PBL1, which phosphorylate the same S-cluster in CAXs to modulate Ca2+ signals in immunity. These Ca2+-dependent (CBL-CIPK) and Ca2+-independent (FLS2-BAK1-BIK1/PBL1) mechanisms combine to balance plant growth and immunity by regulating cytosolic Ca2+ homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Wang
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Ren-Jie Tang
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Senhao Kou
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Xiaoshu Xu
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Yi Lu
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Kenda Rauscher
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Angela Voelker
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Sheng Luan
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.
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3
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Wang C, Luan S. Calcium homeostasis and signaling in plant immunity. CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 77:102485. [PMID: 38043138 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2023.102485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Calcium (Ca2+) signaling consists of three steps: (1) initiation of a change in cellular Ca2+ concentration in response to a stimulus, (2) recognition of the change through direct binding of Ca2+ by its sensors, (3) transduction of the signal to elicit downstream responses. Recent studies have uncovered a central role for Ca2+ signaling in both layers of immune responses initiated by plasma membrane (PM) and intracellular receptors, respectively. These advances in our understanding are attributed to several lines of research, including invention of genetically-encoded Ca2+ reporters for the recording of intracellular Ca2+ signals, identification of Ca2+ channels and their gating mechanisms, and functional analysis of Ca2+ binding proteins (Ca2+ sensors). This review analyzes the recent literature that illustrates the importance of Ca2+ homeostasis and signaling in plant innate immunity, featuring intricate Ca2+dependent positive and negative regulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Wang
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Sheng Luan
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
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Zhang Y, He Y, Zhao H, Wang Y, Wu C, Zhao Y, Xue H, Zhu Q, Zhang J, Ou X. The 14-3-3 Protein BdGF14a Increases the Transcriptional Regulation Activity of BdbZIP62 to Confer Drought and Salt Resistance in Tobacco. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:245. [PMID: 38256798 PMCID: PMC10819667 DOI: 10.3390/plants13020245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
BdGF14a, a 14-3-3 gene from Brachypodium distachyon, induced by salt, H2O2, and abscisic acid (ABA), improved tolerance to drought and salt in tobacco, with a higher survival rate and longer roots under these stresses. Additionally, physiological index analyses showed that the heterologous expression of BdGF14a induced higher expression levels of antioxidant enzymes and their activities, leading to lighter DAB and NBT staining, denoting decreased H2O2 content. Additionally, the lower MDA content and ion leakage indicated enhanced cell membrane stability. Moreover, exogenous ABA resulted in shorter roots and a lower stomatal aperture in BdGF14a transgenic plants. BdGF14a interacted with NtABF2 and regulated the expression of stress-related genes. However, adding an ABA biosynthesis inhibitor suppressed most of these changes. Furthermore, similar salt and drought resistance phenotypes and physiological indicators were characterized in tobacco plants expressing BdbZIP62, an ABRE/ABF that interacts with BdGF14a. And Y1H and LUC assays showed that BdGF14a could enhance the transcription regulation activity of NtABF2 and BdbZIP62, targeting NtNECD1 by binding to the ABRE cis-element. Thus, BdGF14a confers resistance to drought and salinity through interaction with BdbZIP62 and enhances its transcriptional regulation activity via an ABA-mediated signaling pathway. Therefore, this work offers novel target genes for breeding salt- and drought-tolerant plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhang
- Henan Institute of Science and Technology, School of Agriculture, Xinxiang 453003, China; (Y.Z.); (H.X.); (Q.Z.)
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430074, China; (Y.H.); (H.Z.); (Y.W.); (C.W.)
| | - Yuan He
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430074, China; (Y.H.); (H.Z.); (Y.W.); (C.W.)
| | - Hongyan Zhao
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430074, China; (Y.H.); (H.Z.); (Y.W.); (C.W.)
| | - Yan Wang
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430074, China; (Y.H.); (H.Z.); (Y.W.); (C.W.)
| | - Chunlai Wu
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430074, China; (Y.H.); (H.Z.); (Y.W.); (C.W.)
| | - Yuanzeng Zhao
- Henan Institute of Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, Xinxiang 453003, China;
| | - Hongna Xue
- Henan Institute of Science and Technology, School of Agriculture, Xinxiang 453003, China; (Y.Z.); (H.X.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Qidi Zhu
- Henan Institute of Science and Technology, School of Agriculture, Xinxiang 453003, China; (Y.Z.); (H.X.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Jinlong Zhang
- Henan Institute of Science and Technology, School of Agriculture, Xinxiang 453003, China; (Y.Z.); (H.X.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Xingqi Ou
- Henan Institute of Science and Technology, School of Agriculture, Xinxiang 453003, China; (Y.Z.); (H.X.); (Q.Z.)
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Wang L, Tanveer M, Wang H, Arnao MB. Melatonin as a key regulator in seed germination under abiotic stress. J Pineal Res 2024; 76:e12937. [PMID: 38241678 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Seed germination (SG) is the first stage in a plant's life and has an immense importance in sustaining crop production. Abiotic stresses reduce SG by increasing the deterioration of seed quality, and reducing germination potential, and seed vigor. Thus, to achieve a sustainable level of crop yield, it is important to improve SG under abiotic stress conditions. Melatonin (MEL) is an important biomolecule that interplays in developmental processes and regulates many adaptive responses in plants, especially under abiotic stresses. Thus, this review specifically summarizes and discusses the mechanistic basis of MEL-mediated SG under abiotic stresses. MEL regulates SG by regulating some stress-specific responses and some common responses. For instance, MEL induced stress specific responses include the regulation of ionic homeostasis, and hydrolysis of storage proteins under salinity stress, regulation of C-repeat binding factors signaling under cold stress, starch metabolism under high temperature and heavy metal stress, and activation of aquaporins and accumulation of osmolytes under drought stress. On other hand, MEL mediated regulation of gibberellins biosynthesis and abscisic acid catabolism, redox homeostasis, and Ca2+ signaling are amongst the common responses. Nonetheless factors such as endogenous MEL contents, plant species, and growth conditions also influence above-mentioned responses. In conclusion, MEL regulates SG under abiotic stress conditions by interacting with different physiological mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
| | - Mohsin Tanveer
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
| | - Hongling Wang
- CAS Research Center for Ecology and Environment of Central Asia, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
| | - Marino B Arnao
- Phytohormones & Plant Development Laboratory, Department of Plant Biology (Plant Physiology), University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
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Gao Q, Yin X, Wang F, Zhang C, Xiao F, Wang H, Hu S, Liu W, Zhou S, Chen L, Dai X, Liang M. Jacalin-related lectin 45 (OsJRL45) isolated from 'sea rice 86' enhances rice salt tolerance at the seedling and reproductive stages. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 23:553. [PMID: 37940897 PMCID: PMC10634080 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04533-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is one of the most widely cultivated grain crops in the world that meets the caloric needs of more than half the world's population. Salt stress seriously affects rice production and threatens food security. Therefore, mining salt tolerance genes in salt-tolerant germplasm and elucidating their molecular mechanisms in rice are necessary for the breeding of salt tolerant cultivars. RESULTS In this study, a salt stress-responsive jacalin-related lectin (JRL) family gene, OsJRL45, was identified in the salt-tolerant rice variety 'sea rice 86' (SR86). OsJRL45 showed high expression level in leaves, and the corresponding protein mainly localized to the endoplasmic reticulum. The knockout mutant and overexpression lines of OsJRL45 revealed that OsJRL45 positively regulates the salt tolerance of rice plants at all growth stages. Compared with the wild type (WT), the OsJRL45 overexpression lines showed greater salt tolerance at the reproductive stage, and significantly higher seed setting rate and 1,000-grain weight. Moreover, OsJRL45 expression significantly improved the salt-resistant ability and yield of a salt-sensitive indica cultivar, L6-23. Furthermore, OsJRL45 enhanced the antioxidant capacity of rice plants and facilitated the maintenance of Na+-K+ homeostasis under salt stress conditions. Five proteins associated with OsJRL45 were screened by transcriptome and interaction network analysis, of which one, the transmembrane transporter Os10g0210500 affects the salt tolerance of rice by regulating ion transport-, salt stress-, and hormone-responsive proteins. CONCLUSIONS The OsJRL45 gene isolated from SR86 positively regulated the salt tolerance of rice plants at all growth stages, and significantly increased the yield of salt-sensitive rice cultivar under NaCl treatment. OsJRL45 increased the activity of antioxidant enzyme of rice and regulated Na+/K+ dynamic equilibrium under salinity conditions. Our data suggest that OsJRL45 may improve the salt tolerance of rice by mediating the expression of ion transport-, salt stress response-, and hormone response-related genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinmei Gao
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Crop Sterile Germplasm Resource Innovation and Application, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jishou University, Hunan, 416000, China
| | - Xiaolin Yin
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Crop Sterile Germplasm Resource Innovation and Application, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Crop Sterile Germplasm Resource Innovation and Application, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Congzhi Zhang
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Crop Sterile Germplasm Resource Innovation and Application, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Feicui Xiao
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Crop Sterile Germplasm Resource Innovation and Application, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Hongyan Wang
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Crop Sterile Germplasm Resource Innovation and Application, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Shuchang Hu
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Crop Sterile Germplasm Resource Innovation and Application, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Weihao Liu
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Crop Sterile Germplasm Resource Innovation and Application, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Shiqi Zhou
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Crop Sterile Germplasm Resource Innovation and Application, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Liangbi Chen
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Crop Sterile Germplasm Resource Innovation and Application, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Xiaojun Dai
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Crop Sterile Germplasm Resource Innovation and Application, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China.
| | - Manzhong Liang
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Crop Sterile Germplasm Resource Innovation and Application, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China.
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7
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Cui S, Liu H, Wu Y, Zhang L, Nie S. Genome-Wide Identification of BrCAX Genes and Functional Analysis of BrCAX1 Involved in Ca 2+ Transport and Ca 2+ Deficiency-Induced Tip-Burn in Chinese Cabbage ( Brassica rapa L. ssp. pekinensis). Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1810. [PMID: 37761950 PMCID: PMC10531375 DOI: 10.3390/genes14091810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Calcium (Ca2+) plays essential roles in plant growth and development. Ca2+ deficiency causes a physiological disorder of tip-burn in Brassiceae crops and is involved in the regulation of cellular Ca2+ homeostasis. Although the functions of Ca2+/H+ exchanger antiporters (CAXs) in mediating transmembrane transport of Ca2+ have been extensively characterized in multiple plant species, the potential roles of BrCAX genes remain unclear in Chinese cabbage. In this study, eight genes of the BrCAX family were genome-widely identified in Chinese cabbage. These BrCAX proteins contained conserved Na_Ca_ex domain and belonged to five members of the CAX family. Molecular evolutionary analysis and sequence alignment revealed the evolutionary conservation of BrCAX family genes. Expression profiling demonstrated that eight BrCAX genes exhibited differential expression in different tissues and under heat stress. Furthermore, Ca2+ deficiency treatment induced the typical symptoms of tip-burn in Chinese cabbage seedlings and a significant decrease in total Ca2+ content in both roots and leaves. The expression changes in BrCAX genes were related to the response to Ca2+ deficiency-induced tip-burn of Chinese cabbage. Specially, BrCAX1-1 and BrCAX1-2 genes were highly expressed gene members of the BrCAX family in the leaves and were significantly differentially expressed under Ca2+ deficiency stress. Moreover, overexpression of BrCAX1-1 and BrCAX1-2 genes in yeast and Chinese cabbage cotyledons exhibited a higher Ca2+ tolerance, indicating the Ca2+ transport capacity of BrCAX1-1 and BrCAX1-2. In addition, suppression expression of BrCAX1-1 and BrCAX1-2 genes reduced cytosolic Ca2+ levels in the root tips of Chinese cabbage. These results provide references for functional studies of BrCAX genes and to investigate the regulatory mechanisms underlying Ca2+ deficiency disorder in Brassiceae vegetables.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Shanshan Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Area, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China; (S.C.); (H.L.); (Y.W.); (L.Z.)
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8
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Niu W, Zhou W, Lu S, Vu T, Jayaraman V, Faraldo-Gómez JD, Zheng L. Ca 2+ efflux facilitated by co-transport of inorganic phosphate anion in the H +/Ca 2+ antiporter YfkE. Commun Biol 2023; 6:573. [PMID: 37248347 PMCID: PMC10227063 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-04944-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Ca2+ is an important signaling messenger. In microorganisms, fungi, and plants, H+/Ca2+ antiporters (CAX) are known to play key roles in the homeostasis of intracellular Ca2+ by catalyzing its efflux across the cell membrane. Here, we reveal that the bacterial CAX homolog YfkE transports Ca2+ in two distinct modes: a low-flux H+/Ca2+ exchange mode and a high-flux mode in which Ca2+ and phosphate ions are co-transported (1:1) in exchange for H+. Coupling with phosphate greatly accelerates the Ca2+ efflux activity of YfkE. Our studies reveal that Ca2+ and phosphate bind to adjacent sites in a central translocation pathway and lead to mechanistic insights that explain how this CAX alters its conserved alpha-repeat motifs to adopt phosphate as a specific "transport chaperon" for Ca2+ translocation. This finding uncovers a co-transport mechanism within the CAX family that indicates this class of proteins contributes to the cellular homeostasis of both Ca2+ and phosphate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Niu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center for Membrane Biology, the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Wenchang Zhou
- Theoretical Molecular Biophysics Laboratory, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Shuo Lu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center for Membrane Biology, the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Trung Vu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center for Membrane Biology, the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Vasanthi Jayaraman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center for Membrane Biology, the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX, USA
| | - José D Faraldo-Gómez
- Theoretical Molecular Biophysics Laboratory, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Lei Zheng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center for Membrane Biology, the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX, USA.
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9
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Chen G, Wang J, He G, Li S, Li X, Tao X, Liang S, Deng F, Zeng F, Chen ZH, Xu S. Physiological and transcriptomic evidence of antioxidative system and ion transport in chromium detoxification in germinating seedlings of soybean. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 320:121047. [PMID: 36646408 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Chromium (Cr) toxicity impairs the productivity of crops and is a major threat to food security worldwide. However, the effect of Cr toxicity on seed germination and transcriptome of germinating seedlings of soybean crop has not been fully explored. In this study, two Cr-tolerant lines (J82, S125) and two Cr-sensitive ones (LD1, RL) were screened out of twenty-one soybean (Glycine max L.) genotypes based on seed germination rate, seed germinative energy, seed germination index, and growth of germinating seedlings under 50 mg L-1 Cr treatment. We found that Cr stress inhibits the growth of soybean seed germinating seedlings due to the Cr-induced overaccumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Significantly different levels of element contents, antioxidant enzyme activities, malondialdehyde content were observed in the four soybean genotypes with contrasting Cr tolerance. Further, a total of 13,777 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in transcriptomic sequencing and 1298 DEGs in six gene modules were found highly correlated with the physiological traits by weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA) analysis. The DEGs encoding antioxidant enzymes, transcription factors, and ion transporters are proposed to confer Cr tolerance in soybean germinating seedlings by reducing the uptake and translocation of Cr, decreasing the level of ROS, and keeping the osmotic balance in soybean germinating seedings. In conclusion, our study provided a molecular regulation network on soybean Cr tolerance at seed germinating stage and identified candidate genes for molecular breeding of low Cr accumulation soybean cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang Chen
- Central Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Central Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - Guoxin He
- Central Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China; College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Sujuan Li
- Central Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - Xuetong Li
- Central Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Tao
- Central Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - Shuang Liang
- Central Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - Fenglin Deng
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry, College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Fanrong Zeng
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry, College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Zhong-Hua Chen
- School of Science, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia; Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia
| | - Shengchun Xu
- Central Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China.
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10
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Li Y, Wu Y, Tang Z, Xiao X, Gao X, Qiao Y, Ma J, Hu L, Yu J. Exogenous brassinosteroid alleviates calcium deficiency induced tip-burn by regulating calcium transport in Brassica rapa L. ssp. pekinensis. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 251:114534. [PMID: 36646009 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Mini Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa L. ssp. Pekinensis) plays an important role in the supply of summer vegetables on the plateau in western China. In recent years, tip-burn has seriously affected the yield, quality and commodity value of mini Chinese cabbage. Calcium (Ca2+) deficiency is a key inducer of tip-burn. As a new type plant hormone, brassinolide (BR) is involved in regulating a variety of biotic and abiotic stresses. To explore the alleviation role of BR in tip-burn caused by Ca2+ deficiency, a hydroponic experiment was conducted to study the relationship between BR and Ca2+ absorption and transport. The results showed that foliar spraying with 0.5 µM BR significantly reduced tip-burn incidence rate and disease index of mini Chinese cabbage caused by Ca2+ deficiency. Moreover, the dynamic monitoring results of tip-burn incidence rate showed that the value reached the highest on the ninth day after treatment. BR promoted the Ca2+ transport from roots to shoots and from outer leaves to inner leaves by increasing the activities of Ca2+-ATPase and H+-ATPase as well as the total ATP content, which provided power for Ca2+ transport. In addition, exogenous BR upregulated the relative expression levels of BrACA4, BrACA11, BrECA1, BrECA3, BrECA4, BrCAX1, BrCAS and BrCRT2, whereas Ca2+ deficiency induced down-regulation. In conclusion, exogenous BR can alleviate the Ca2+-deficiency induced tip-burn of mini Chinese cabbage by promoting the transport and distribution of Ca2+.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutong Li
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Yue Wu
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Zhongqi Tang
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Xuemei Xiao
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Xueqin Gao
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Yali Qiao
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Jizhong Ma
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Linli Hu
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; State Key Laboratory of Arid-land Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China.
| | - Jihua Yu
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; State Key Laboratory of Arid-land Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China.
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11
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Identification of a DEAD-box RNA Helicase BnRH6 Reveals Its Involvement in Salt Stress Response in Rapeseed ( Brassica napus). Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010002. [PMID: 36613447 PMCID: PMC9819673 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Rapeseed (Brassica napus) is one of the most important vegetable oil crops worldwide. Abiotic stresses such as salinity are great challenges for its growth and productivity. DEAD-box RNA helicase 6 (RH6) is a subfamily member of superfamily 2 (SF2), which plays crucial roles in plant growth and development. However, no report is available on RH6 in regulating plant abiotic stress response. This study investigated the function and regulatory mechanism for BnRH6. BnRH6 was targeted to the nucleus and cytoplasmic processing body (P-body), constitutively expressed throughout the lifespan, and induced by salt stress. Transgenic overexpressing BnRH6 in Brassica and Arabidopsis displayed salt hypersensitivity, manifested by lagging seed germination (decreased to 55−85% of wild-type), growth stunt, leaf chlorosis, oxidative stress, and over-accumulation of Na ions with the K+/Na+ ratio being decreased by 18.3−28.6%. Given the undesirable quality of knockout Brassica plants, we utilized an Arabidopsis T-DNA insertion mutant rh6-1 to investigate downstream genes by transcriptomics. We constructed four libraries with three biological replicates to investigate global downstream genes by RNA sequencing. Genome-wide analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) (2-fold, p < 0.05) showed that 41 genes were upregulated and 66 genes were downregulated in rh6-1 relative to wild-type under salt stress. Most of them are well-identified and involved in transcription factors, ABA-responsive genes, and detoxified components or antioxidants. Our research suggests that BnRH6 can regulate a group of salt-tolerance genes to negatively promote Brassica adaptation to salt stress.
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12
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Park CJ, Shin R. Calcium channels and transporters: Roles in response to biotic and abiotic stresses. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:964059. [PMID: 36161014 PMCID: PMC9493244 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.964059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Calcium (Ca2+) serves as a ubiquitous second messenger by mediating various signaling pathways and responding to numerous environmental conditions in eukaryotes. Therefore, plant cells have developed complex mechanisms of Ca2+ communication across the membrane, receiving the message from their surroundings and transducing the information into cells and organelles. A wide range of biotic and abiotic stresses cause the increase in [Ca2+]cyt as a result of the Ca2+ influx permitted by membrane-localized Ca2+ permeable cation channels such as CYCLIC NUCLEOTIDE-GATE CHANNELs (CNGCs), and voltage-dependent HYPERPOLARIZATION-ACTIVATED CALCIUM2+ PERMEABLE CHANNELs (HACCs), as well as GLUTAMATE RECEPTOR-LIKE RECEPTORs (GLRs) and TWO-PORE CHANNELs (TPCs). Recently, resistosomes formed by some NUCLEOTIDE-BINDING LEUCINE-RICH REPEAT RECEPTORs (NLRs) are also proposed as a new type of Ca2+ permeable cation channels. On the contrary, some Ca2+ transporting membrane proteins, mainly Ca2+-ATPase and Ca2+/H+ exchangers, are involved in Ca2+ efflux for removal of the excessive [Ca2+]cyt in order to maintain the Ca2+ homeostasis in cells. The Ca2+ efflux mechanisms mediate the wide ranges of cellular activities responding to external and internal stimuli. In this review, we will summarize and discuss the recent discoveries of various membrane proteins involved in Ca2+ influx and efflux which play an essential role in fine-tuning the processing of information for plant responses to abiotic and biotic stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Jin Park
- Department of Bioresources Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ryoung Shin
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama, Japan
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13
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Hao P, Lv X, Fu M, Xu Z, Tian J, Wang Y, Zhang X, Xu X, Wu T, Han Z. Long-distance mobile mRNA CAX3 modulates iron uptake and zinc compartmentalization. EMBO Rep 2022; 23:e53698. [PMID: 35254714 PMCID: PMC9066076 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202153698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Iron deficiency in plants can lead to excessive absorption of zinc; however, important details of this mechanism have yet to be elucidated. Here, we report that MdCAX3 mRNA is transported from the leaf to the root, and that MdCAX3 is then activated by MdCXIP1. Suppression of MdCAX3 expression leads to an increase in the root apoplastic pH, which is associated with the iron deficiency response. Notably, overexpression of MdCAX3 does not affect the apoplastic pH in a MdCXIP1 loss-of-function Malus baccata (Mb) mutant that has a deletion in the MdCXIP1 promoter. This deletion in Mb weakens MdCXIP1 expression. Co-expression of MdCAX3 and MdCXIP1 in Mb causes a decrease in the root apoplastic pH. Furthermore, suppressing MdCAX3 in Malus significantly reduces zinc vacuole compartmentalization. We also show that MdCAX3 activated by MdCXIP1 is not only involved in iron uptake, but also in regulating zinc detoxification by compartmentalizing zinc in vacuoles to avoid iron starvation-induced zinc toxicity. Thus, mobile MdCAX3 mRNA is involved in the regulation of iron and zinc homeostasis in response to iron starvation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengbo Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xinmin Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Mengmeng Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhen Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Ji Tian
- Plant Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xinzhong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xuefeng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Ting Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenhai Han
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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14
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Zhang Q, Dai X, Wang H, Wang F, Tang D, Jiang C, Zhang X, Guo W, Lei Y, Ma C, Zhang H, Li P, Zhao Y, Wang Z. Transcriptomic Profiling Provides Molecular Insights Into Hydrogen Peroxide-Enhanced Arabidopsis Growth and Its Salt Tolerance. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:866063. [PMID: 35463436 PMCID: PMC9019583 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.866063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Salt stress is an important environmental factor limiting plant growth and crop production. Plant adaptation to salt stress can be improved by chemical pretreatment. This study aims to identify whether hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) pretreatment of seedlings affects the stress tolerance of Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings. The results show that pretreatment with H2O2 at appropriate concentrations enhances the salt tolerance ability of Arabidopsis seedlings, as revealed by lower Na+ levels, greater K+ levels, and improved K+/Na+ ratios in leaves. Furthermore, H2O2 pretreatment improves the membrane properties by reducing the relative membrane permeability (RMP) and malonaldehyde (MDA) content in addition to improving the activities of antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase. Our transcription data show that exogenous H2O2 pretreatment leads to the induced expression of cell cycle, redox regulation, and cell wall organization-related genes in Arabidopsis, which may accelerate cell proliferation, enhance tolerance to osmotic stress, maintain the redox balance, and remodel the cell walls of plants in subsequent high-salt environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qikun Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiuru Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Agronomic Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
| | - Huanpeng Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Fanhua Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Dongxue Tang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Chunyun Jiang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
- Linyi Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Linyi, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Wenjing Guo
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Yuanyuan Lei
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Changle Ma
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Pinghua Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Agronomic Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
| | - Yanxiu Zhao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Zenglan Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
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15
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Buoso S, Musetti R, Marroni F, Calderan A, Schmidt W, Santi S. Infection by phloem-limited phytoplasma affects mineral nutrient homeostasis in tomato leaf tissues. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 271:153659. [PMID: 35299031 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2022.153659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Phytoplasmas are sieve-elements restricted wall-less, pleomorphic pathogenic microorganisms causing devastating damage to over 700 plant species worldwide. The invasion of sieve elements by phytoplasmas has several consequences on nutrient transport and metabolism, anyway studies about changes of the mineral-nutrient profile following phytoplasma infections are scarce and offer contrasting results. Here, we examined changes in macro- and micronutrient concentration in tomato plant upon 'Candidatus Phytoplasma solani' infection. To investigate possible effects of 'Ca. P. solani' infection on mineral element allocation, the mineral elements were separately analysed in leaf midrib, leaf lamina and root. Moreover, we focused our analysis on the transcriptional regulation of genes encoding trans-membrane transporters of mineral nutrients. To this aim, a manually curated inventory of differentially expressed genes encoding transporters in tomato leaf midribs was mined from the transcriptional profile of healthy and infected tomato leaf midribs. Results highlighted changes in ion homeostasis in the host plant, and significant modulations at transcriptional level of genes encoding ion transporters and channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Buoso
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences, Via delle Scienze 206, University of Udine, 33100, Udine, Italy.
| | - Rita Musetti
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences, Via delle Scienze 206, University of Udine, 33100, Udine, Italy.
| | - Fabio Marroni
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences, Via delle Scienze 206, University of Udine, 33100, Udine, Italy.
| | - Alberto Calderan
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences, Via delle Scienze 206, University of Udine, 33100, Udine, Italy; Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Licio Giorgieri, 5, 34127, Trieste, Italy.
| | - Wolfgang Schmidt
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, 11529, Taipei, Taiwan; Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, 40227, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Simonetta Santi
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences, Via delle Scienze 206, University of Udine, 33100, Udine, Italy.
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16
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Shan B, Wang W, Cao J, Xia S, Li R, Bian S, Li X. Soybean GmMYB133 Inhibits Hypocotyl Elongation and Confers Salt Tolerance in Arabidopsis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:764074. [PMID: 35003158 PMCID: PMC8732865 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.764074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
REVEILLE (RVE) genes generally act as core circadian oscillators to regulate multiple developmental events and stress responses in plants. It is of importance to document their roles in crops for utilizing them to improve agronomic traits. Soybean is one of the most important crops worldwide. However, the knowledge regarding the functional roles of RVEs is extremely limited in soybean. In this study, the soybean gene GmMYB133 was shown to be homologous to the RVE8 clade genes of Arabidopsis. GmMYB133 displayed a non-rhythmical but salt-inducible expression pattern. Like AtRVE8, overexpression of GmMYB133 in Arabidopsis led to developmental defects such as short hypocotyl and late flowering. Seven light-responsive or auxin-associated genes including AtPIF4 were transcriptionally depressed by GmMYB133, suggesting that GmMYB133 might negatively regulate plant growth. Noticeably, the overexpression of GmMYB133 in Arabidopsis promoted seed germination and plant growth under salt stress, and the contents of chlorophylls and malondialdehyde (MDA) were also enhanced and decreased, respectively. Consistently, the expressions of four positive regulators responsive to salt tolerance were remarkably elevated by GmMYB133 overexpression, indicating that GmMYB133 might confer salt stress tolerance. Further observation showed that GmMYB133 overexpression perturbed the clock rhythm of AtPRR5, and yeast one-hybrid assay indicated that GmMYB133 could bind to the AtPRR5 promoter. Moreover, the retrieved ChIP-Seq data showed that AtPRR5 could directly target five clients including AtPIF4. Thus, a regulatory module GmMYB133-PRR5-PIF4 was proposed to regulate plant growth and salt stress tolerance. These findings laid a foundation to further address the functional roles of GmMYB133 and its regulatory mechanisms in soybean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binghui Shan
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Crop Salt-Alkali Stress Tolerance Evaluation and Genetic Improvement, Cangzhou, China
- Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Cangzhou, China
| | - Jinfeng Cao
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Crop Salt-Alkali Stress Tolerance Evaluation and Genetic Improvement, Cangzhou, China
- Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Cangzhou, China
| | - Siqi Xia
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ruihua Li
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Shaomin Bian
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xuyan Li
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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17
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Kabir N, Lin H, Kong X, Liu L, Qanmber G, Wang Y, Zhang L, Sun Z, Yang Z, Yu Y, Zhao N. Identification, evolutionary analysis and functional diversification of RAV gene family in cotton (G. hirsutum L.). PLANTA 2021; 255:14. [PMID: 34862931 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-021-03782-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Genome wide analysis, expression pattern analysis, and functional characterization of RAV genes highlight their roles in roots, stem development and hormonal response. RAV (Related to ABI3 and VP1) gene family members have been involved in tissues/organs growth and hormone signaling in various plant species. Here, we identified 247 RAVs from 12 different species with 33 RAV genes from G. hirsutum. Phylogenetic analysis classified RAV genes into four distinct groups. Analysis of gene structure showed that most GhRAVs lack introns. Motif distribution pattern and protein sequence logos indicated that GhRAV genes were highly conserved during the process of evolution. Promotor cis-acting elements revealed that promotor regions of GhRAV genes encode numerous elements related to plant growth, abiotic stresses and phytohormones. Chromosomal location information showed uneven distribution of 33 GhRAV genes on different chromosomes. Collinearity analysis identified 628 and 52 orthologous/ paralogous gene pairs in G. hirsutum and G. barbadense, respectively. Ka/Ks values indicated that GhRAV and GbRAV genes underwent strong purifying selection pressure. Selecton model and codon model selection revealed that GhRAV amino acids were under purifying selection and adaptive evolution exists among GhRAV proteins. Three dimensional structure of GhRAVs indicated the presence of numerous alpha helix and beta-barrels. Expression level revealed that some GhRAV genes exhibited high expression in roots (GhRAV3, GhRAV4, GhRAV11, GhRAV18, GhRAV20 and GhRAV30) and stem (GhRAV3 and GhRAV18), indicating their potential role in roots and stem development. GhRAV genes can be regulated by phytohormonal stresses (BL, JA and IAA). Our study provides a reference for future studies related to the functional analysis of GhRAVs in cotton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nosheen Kabir
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China
| | - Hai Lin
- Key Laboratory of China Northwestern Inland Region, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Cotton Research Institute of Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Science, Shehezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China
| | - Xianhui Kong
- Key Laboratory of China Northwestern Inland Region, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Cotton Research Institute of Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Science, Shehezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China
| | - Le Liu
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Ghulam Qanmber
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China
| | - YuXuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China
| | - Lian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of China Northwestern Inland Region, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Cotton Research Institute of Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Science, Shehezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China
| | - Zhuojing Sun
- Development Center for Science and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, 100122, China
| | - Zuoren Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
- Key Laboratory of China Northwestern Inland Region, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Cotton Research Institute of Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Science, Shehezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China
| | - Yu Yu
- Key Laboratory of China Northwestern Inland Region, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Cotton Research Institute of Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Science, Shehezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China.
| | - Na Zhao
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China.
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18
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Yuan J, Shen C, Yuan R, Zhang H, Xiao Y, Wang X, Pan F, Wu C, Li Q, Yuan J, Liu X. Identification of genes related to tipburn resistance in Chinese cabbage and preliminary exploration of its molecular mechanism. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 21:567. [PMID: 34861825 PMCID: PMC8641176 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-021-03303-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tipburn, also known as leaf tip necrosis, is a severe issue in Chinese cabbage production. One known cause is that plants are unable to provide adequate Ca2+ to rapidly expanding leaves. Bacterial infection is also a contributing factor. Different cultivars have varying degrees of tolerance to tipburn. Two inbred lines of Chinese cabbage were employed as resources in this research. RESULTS We determined that the inbred line 'J39290' was the tipburn resistant material and the inbred line 'J95822' was the tipburn sensitive material based on the severity of tipburn, and the integrity of cell membrane structure. Ca2+ concentration measurements revealed no significant difference in Ca2+ concentration between the two materials inner leaves. Transcriptome sequencing technology was also used to find the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of 'J95822' and 'J39290', and there was no significant difference in the previously reported Ca2+ uptake and transport related genes in the two materials. However, it is evident through DEG screening and classification that 23 genes are highly linked to plant-pathogen interactions, and they encode three different types of proteins: CaM/CML, Rboh, and CDPK. These 23 genes mainly function through Ca2+-CaM/CML-CDPK signal pathway based on KEGG pathway analysis, protein interaction prediction, and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) of key genes. CONCLUSIONS By analyzing the Ca2+ concentration in the above two materials, the transcription of previously reported genes related to Ca2+ uptake and transport, the functional annotation and KEGG pathway of DEGs, it was found that Ca2+ deficiency was not the main cause of tipburn in 'J95822', but was probably caused by bacterial infection. This study lays a theoretical foundation for exploring the molecular mechanism of resistance to tipburn in Chinese cabbage, and has important guiding significance for genetics and breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingping Yuan
- School of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003, China
- Henan Engineering Research Center of the Development and Utilization of Characteristic Horticultural Plants, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Changwei Shen
- School of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Ranghua Yuan
- Vegetable Research Institute of Xinxiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fifty Meters Southwest of the Intersection of Xiner Street and Rongxiao East Road, Hongqi District, Xinxiang City, 453003, Henan Province, China.
| | - Huaixia Zhang
- School of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003, China
- Henan Engineering Research Center of the Development and Utilization of Characteristic Horticultural Plants, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Yan Xiao
- Vegetable Research Institute of Xinxiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fifty Meters Southwest of the Intersection of Xiner Street and Rongxiao East Road, Hongqi District, Xinxiang City, 453003, Henan Province, China
| | - Xiaoling Wang
- Vegetable Research Institute of Xinxiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fifty Meters Southwest of the Intersection of Xiner Street and Rongxiao East Road, Hongqi District, Xinxiang City, 453003, Henan Province, China
| | - Feifei Pan
- School of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003, China
- Henan Engineering Research Center of the Development and Utilization of Characteristic Horticultural Plants, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Chunhui Wu
- School of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003, China
- Henan Engineering Research Center of the Development and Utilization of Characteristic Horticultural Plants, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Qingfei Li
- School of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003, China
- Henan Engineering Research Center of the Development and Utilization of Characteristic Horticultural Plants, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Jingyun Yuan
- Vegetable Research Institute of Xinxiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fifty Meters Southwest of the Intersection of Xiner Street and Rongxiao East Road, Hongqi District, Xinxiang City, 453003, Henan Province, China
| | - Xuesheng Liu
- Vegetable Research Institute of Xinxiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fifty Meters Southwest of the Intersection of Xiner Street and Rongxiao East Road, Hongqi District, Xinxiang City, 453003, Henan Province, China
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Mao J, Yuan J, Mo Z, An L, Shi S, Visser RGF, Bai Y, Sun Y, Liu G, Liu H, Wang Q, van der Linden CG. Overexpression of NtCBL5A Leads to Necrotic Lesions by Enhancing Na + Sensitivity of Tobacco Leaves Under Salt Stress. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:740976. [PMID: 34603362 PMCID: PMC8484801 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.740976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Many tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) cultivars are salt-tolerant and thus are potential model plants to study the mechanisms of salt stress tolerance. The CALCINEURIN B-LIKE PROTEIN (CBL) is a vital family of plant calcium sensor proteins that can transmit Ca2+ signals triggered by environmental stimuli including salt stress. Therefore, assessing the potential of NtCBL for genetic improvement of salt stress is valuable. In our studies on NtCBL members, constitutive overexpression of NtCBL5A was found to cause salt supersensitivity with necrotic lesions on leaves. NtCBL5A-overexpressing (OE) leaves tended to curl and accumulated high levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) under salt stress. The supersensitivity of NtCBL5A-OE leaves was specifically induced by Na+, but not by Cl-, osmotic stress, or drought stress. Ion content measurements indicated that NtCBL5A-OE leaves showed sensitivity to the Na+ accumulation levels that wild-type leaves could tolerate. Furthermore, transcriptome profiling showed that many immune response-related genes are significantly upregulated and photosynthetic machinery-related genes are significantly downregulated in salt-stressed NtCBL5A-OE leaves. In addition, the expression of several cation homeostasis-related genes was also affected in salt-stressed NtCBL5A-OE leaves. In conclusion, the constitutive overexpression of NtCBL5A interferes with the normal salt stress response of tobacco plants and leads to Na+-dependent leaf necrosis by enhancing the sensitivity of transgenic leaves to Na+. This Na+ sensitivity of NtCBL5A-OE leaves might result from the abnormal Na+ compartmentalization, plant photosynthesis, and plant immune response triggered by the constitutive overexpression of NtCBL5A. Identifying genes and pathways involved in this unusual salt stress response can provide new insights into the salt stress response of tobacco plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Mao
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Qingdao, China
- Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (GSCAAS), Beijing, China
- Department of Plant Breeding, Wageningen University & Research (WUR), Wageningen, Netherlands
- Graduate School of Experimental Plant Sciences, Wageningen University, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Jiaping Yuan
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Qingdao, China
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zhijie Mo
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Qingdao, China
- Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (GSCAAS), Beijing, China
| | - Lulu An
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Qingdao, China
- Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (GSCAAS), Beijing, China
| | - Sujuan Shi
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Qingdao, China
- Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (GSCAAS), Beijing, China
| | - Richard G. F. Visser
- Department of Plant Breeding, Wageningen University & Research (WUR), Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Yuling Bai
- Department of Plant Breeding, Wageningen University & Research (WUR), Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Yuhe Sun
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Qingdao, China
| | - Guanshan Liu
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Qingdao, China
| | - Haobao Liu
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Qingdao, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Qingdao, China
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Fu ZW, Li JH, Feng YR, Yuan X, Lu YT. The metabolite methylglyoxal-mediated gene expression is associated with histone methylglyoxalation. Nucleic Acids Res 2021; 49:1886-1899. [PMID: 33476385 PMCID: PMC7913762 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkab014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Methylglyoxal (MG) is a byproduct of glycolysis that functions in diverse mammalian developmental processes and diseases and in plant responses to various stresses, including salt stress. However, it is unknown whether MG-regulated gene expression is associated with an epigenetic modification. Here we report that MG methylglyoxalates H3 including H3K4 and increases chromatin accessibility, consistent with the result that H3 methylglyoxalation positively correlates with gene expression. Salt stress also increases H3 methylglyoxalation at salt stress responsive genes correlated to their higher expression. Following exposure to salt stress, salt stress responsive genes were expressed at higher levels in the Arabidopsis glyI2 mutant than in wild-type plants, but at lower levels in 35S::GLYI2 35S::GLYII4 plants, consistent with the higher and lower MG accumulation and H3 methylglyoxalation of target genes in glyI2 and 35S::GLYI2 35S::GLYII4, respectively. Further, ABI3 and MYC2, regulators of salt stress responsive genes, affect the distribution of H3 methylglyoxalation at salt stress responsive genes. Thus, MG functions as a histone-modifying group associated with gene expression that links glucose metabolism and epigenetic regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng-Wei Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Jian-Hui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Yu-Rui Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Xiao Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Ying-Tang Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
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21
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Zheng Y, Wang LB, Sun SF, Liu SY, Liu MJ, Lin J. Phylogenetic and ion-response analyses reveal a relationship between gene expansion and functional divergence in the Ca 2+/cation antiporter family in Angiosperms. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 105:303-320. [PMID: 33123851 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-020-01088-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Plant CaCA superfamily genes with higher tendency to retain after WGD are more gene expression and function differentiated in ion-response. Plants and animals face different environmental stresses but share conserved Ca2+ signaling pathways, such as Ca2+/Cation transport. The Ca2+/cation antiporters superfamily (CaCAs) is an ancient and widespread family of ion-coupled cation transporters found in all kingdoms of life. We analyzed the molecular evolution progress of the family through comparative genomics and phylogenetics of CaCAs genes from plants and animals, grouping these genes into several families and clades, and identified multiple gene duplication retention events, particularly in the CAX (H+/cation exchanger), CCX (cation/Ca2+ exchanger), and NCL (Na+/Ca2+ exchanger-like) families. The tendency of duplication retention differs between families and gene clades. The gene duplication events were probably the result of whole-genome duplication (WGD) in plants and might have led to functional divergence. Tissue and ion-response expression analyses revealed that CaCAs genes with more highly differentiated expression patterns are more likely to be retained as duplicates than those with more conserved expression profiles. Phenotype of Arabidopsis thaliana mutants showed that loss of genes with a greater tendency to be retained after duplication resulted in more severe growth deficiency. CaCAs genes in salt-tolerant species tended to inherit the expression characteristics of their most recent common ancestral genes, with conservative ion-response expression. This study indicates a possible evolutionary scheme for cation transport and illustrates distinct fates and a mechanism for the evolution of gene duplicates. The increased copy numbers of genes and divergences in expression might have contributed to the divergent functions of CaCAs protein, allowing plants to cope with environmental stresses and adapt to a larger number of ecological niches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institute of Plant Biology, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Industrial Microorganisms, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin-Bo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institute of Plant Biology, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Industrial Microorganisms, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Shu-Feng Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institute of Plant Biology, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Industrial Microorganisms, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Shi-Ying Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institute of Plant Biology, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Industrial Microorganisms, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming-Jia Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institute of Plant Biology, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Industrial Microorganisms, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institute of Plant Biology, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Industrial Microorganisms, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China.
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Li H, Guo Y, Lan Z, Zhang Z, Ahammed GJ, Chang J, Zhang Y, Wei C, Zhang X. Melatonin antagonizes ABA action to promote seed germination by regulating Ca 2+ efflux and H 2O 2 accumulation. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 303:110761. [PMID: 33487347 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2020.110761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/14/2020] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Seed germination is a vital stage in the plant life-cycle that greatly contributes to plant establishment. Melatonin has been shown to promote seed germination under various environmental stresses; however, the mechanism remains largely underexplored. Here, we reported that melatonin antagonized abscisic acid (ABA) to promote seed germination by regulating ABA and gibberellic acid (GA3) balance. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that such a role of melatonin was associated with Ca2+ and redox signaling. Melatonin pretreatment induced Ca2+ efflux accompanied by an up-regulation of vacuolar H+/Ca2+ antiporter 3 (CAX3). AtCAX3 deletion in Arabidopsis exhibited reduced Ca2+ efflux. Inhibition of Ca2+ efflux in the seeds of melon and Arabidopsis mutant AtCAX3 compromised melatonin-induced germination under ABA stress. Melatonin increased H2O2 accumulation, and H2O2 pretreatment decreased ABA/GA3 ratio and promoted seed germination under ABA stress. However, complete inhibition of H2O2 accumulation abolished melatonin-induced ABA and GA3 balance and seed germination. Our study reveals a novel regulatory mechanism in which melatonin counteracts ABA to induce seed germination that essentially involves CAX3-mediated Ca2+ efflux and H2O2 accumulation, which, in turn, regulate ABA and GA3 balance by promoting ABA catabolism and/or GA3 biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Yanliang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Zhixiang Lan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Zixing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Golam Jalal Ahammed
- College of Forestry, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471023, Henan, PR China
| | - Jingjing Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Yong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Chunhua Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Xian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Innovation, Tianjin, 300384, PR China.
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23
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Li Z, Mei X, Li T, Yang S, Qin L, Li B, Zu Y. Effects of calcium application on activities of membrane transporters in Panax notoginseng under cadmium stress. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 262:127905. [PMID: 33182152 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Pot experiments were conducted to study combined effects of Ca and Cd on contents of Cd and Ca, and membrane transporters activities (CC (calcium channel protein), ATPase and CAXs (cationic/H+ antiporter) of two-year old Panax notoginseng with application of different concentrations of Ca2+ (0, 180 and 360 mgkg-1, prepared by Ca(OH)2 and CaCl2, respectively) under Cd2+ (0, 0.6, 6.0, and 12.0 mgkg-1, prepared by CdCl2•2.5H2O) treatments. The results showed that soil available Cd contents decreased with Ca(OH)2 and CaCl2 application. Soil pH value increased with Ca(OH)2 application. The contents of Cd in all parts of P. notoginseng increased with the increase in Cd treatment concentrations. The Cd content of P. notoginseng decreased with Ca(OH)2 and CaCl2 treatments. The activities of CC and ATPase in the main root of P. notoginseng decreased with the increase in Cd treatment concentrations and application of CaCl2. The activities of CC and ATPase increased with Ca(OH)2application. The activity of CAXs in the main root of P. notoginseng increased with the increase of Cd treatment concentration. The results indicate that Ca and Cd should be both related to membrane transporters activities and activities of CC, ATPase and CAXs are promoted by cooperation of Ca2+and OH+, which suggest the Ca(OH)2 application should be better than application of CaCl2 for Cd detoxification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuran Li
- College of Landscape and Horticulture, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Xinyue Mei
- College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Tao Li
- College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Shu Yang
- College of Science, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Li Qin
- College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Bo Li
- College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Yanqun Zu
- College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China.
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24
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Modareszadeh M, Bahmani R, Kim D, Hwang S. CAX3 (cation/proton exchanger) mediates a Cd tolerance by decreasing ROS through Ca elevation in Arabidopsis. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 105:115-132. [PMID: 32926249 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-020-01072-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE Over-expression of CAX3 encoding a cation/proton exchanger enhances Cd tolerance by decreasing ROS (Reactive Oxygen Species) through activating anti-oxidative enzymes via elevation of Ca level in Arabidopsis CAXs (cation/proton exchangers) are involved in the sequestration of cations such as Mn, Li, and Cd, as well as Ca, from cytosol into the vacuole using proton gradients. In addition, it has been reported that CAX1, 2 and 4 are involved in Cd tolerance. Interestingly, it has been reported that CAX3 expressions were enhanced by Cd in Cd-tolerant transgenic plants expressing Hb1 (hemoglobin 1) or UBC1 (Ub-conjugating enzyme 1). Therefore, to investigate whether CAX3 plays a role in increasing Cd tolerance, CAX3 of Arabidopsis and tobacco were over-expressed in Arabidopsis thaliana. Compared to control plants, both transgenic plants displayed an increase in Cd tolerance, no change in Cd accumulation, and enhanced Ca levels. In support of these, AtCAX3-Arabidopsis showed no change in expressions of Cd transporters, but reduced expressions of Ca exporters and lower rate of Ca efflux. By contrast, atcax3 knockout Arabidopsis exhibited a reduced Cd tolerance, while the Cd level was not altered. The expression of Δ90-AtCAX3 (deletion of autoinhibitory domain) increased Cd and Ca tolerance in yeast, while AtCAX3 expression did not. Interestingly, less accumulation of ROS (H2O2 and O2-) was observed in CAX3-expressing transgenic plants and was accompanied with higher antioxidant enzyme activities (SOD, CAT, GR). Taken together, CAX3 over-expression may enhance Cd tolerance by decreasing Cd-induced ROS production by activating antioxidant enzymes and by intervening the positive feedback circuit between ROS generation and Cd-induced spikes of cytoplasmic Ca.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Modareszadeh
- Department of Molecular Biology, Sejong University, Seoul, 143-747, Republic of Korea
- Department of Bioindustry and Bioresource Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul, 143-747, Republic of Korea
- Plant Engineering Research Institute, Sejong University, Seoul, 143-747, Republic of Korea
| | - Ramin Bahmani
- Department of Molecular Biology, Sejong University, Seoul, 143-747, Republic of Korea
- Department of Bioindustry and Bioresource Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul, 143-747, Republic of Korea
- Plant Engineering Research Institute, Sejong University, Seoul, 143-747, Republic of Korea
| | - DongGwan Kim
- Department of Molecular Biology, Sejong University, Seoul, 143-747, Republic of Korea
- Department of Bioindustry and Bioresource Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul, 143-747, Republic of Korea
- Plant Engineering Research Institute, Sejong University, Seoul, 143-747, Republic of Korea
| | - Seongbin Hwang
- Department of Molecular Biology, Sejong University, Seoul, 143-747, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Bioindustry and Bioresource Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul, 143-747, Republic of Korea.
- Plant Engineering Research Institute, Sejong University, Seoul, 143-747, Republic of Korea.
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25
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Cosse M, Seidel T. Plant Proton Pumps and Cytosolic pH-Homeostasis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:672873. [PMID: 34177988 PMCID: PMC8220075 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.672873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Proton pumps create a proton motif force and thus, energize secondary active transport at the plasma nmembrane and endomembranes of the secretory pathway. In the plant cell, the dominant proton pumps are the plasma membrane ATPase, the vacuolar pyrophosphatase (V-PPase), and the vacuolar-type ATPase (V-ATPase). All these pumps act on the cytosolic pH by pumping protons into the lumen of compartments or into the apoplast. To maintain the typical pH and thus, the functionality of the cytosol, the activity of the pumps needs to be coordinated and adjusted to the actual needs. The cellular toolbox for a coordinated regulation comprises 14-3-3 proteins, phosphorylation events, ion concentrations, and redox-conditions. This review combines the knowledge on regulation of the different proton pumps and highlights possible coordination mechanisms.
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26
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Martins V, Gerós H. The grapevine CAX-interacting protein VvCXIP4 is exported from the nucleus to activate the tonoplast Ca 2+/H + exchanger VvCAX3. PLANTA 2020; 252:35. [PMID: 32767128 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-020-03442-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The nuclear-localized CAX-interacting protein VvCXIP4 is exported to the cytosol after a Ca2+ pulse, to activate the tonoplast-localized Ca2+/H+ exchanger VvCAX3. Vacuolar cation/H+ exchangers (CAXs) have long been recognized as 'housekeeping' components in cellular Ca2+ and trace metal homeostasis, being involved in a range of key cellular and physiological processes. However, the mechanisms that drive functional activation of the transporters are largely unknown. In the present study, we investigated the function of a putative grapevine CAX-interacting protein, VvCXIP4, by testing its ability to activate VvCAX3, previously characterized as a tonoplast-localized Ca2+/H+ exchanger. VvCAX3 contains an autoinhibitory domain that drives inactivation of the transporter and thus, is incapable of suppressing the Ca2+-hypersensitive phenotype of the S. cerevisiae mutant K667. In this study, the co-expression of VvCXIP4 and VvCAX3 in this strain efficiently rescued its growth defect at high Ca2+ levels. Flow cytometry experiments showed that yeast harboring both proteins effectively accumulated higher Ca2+ levels than cells expressing each of the proteins separately. Bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) assays allowed visualization of the direct interaction between the proteins in tobacco plants and in yeast, and also showed the self-interaction of VvCAX3 but not of VvCXIP4. Subcellular localization studies showed that, despite being primarily localized to the nucleus, VvCXIP4 is able to move to other cell compartments upon a Ca2+ stimulus, becoming prone to interaction with the tonoplast-localized VvCAX3. qPCR analysis showed that both genes are more expressed in grapevine stems and leaves, followed by the roots, and that the steady-state transcript levels were higher in the pulp than in the skin of grape berries. Also, both VvCXIP4 and VvCAX3 were upregulated by Ca2+ and Na+, indicating they share common regulatory mechanisms. However, VvCXIP4 was also upregulated by Li+, Cu2+ and Mn2+, and its expression increased steadily throughout grape berry development, contrary to VvCAX3, suggesting additional physiological roles for VvCXIP4, including the regulation of VvCAXs not yet functionally characterized. The main novelty of the present study was the demonstration of physical interaction between CXIP and CAX proteins from a woody plant model by BiFC assays, demonstrating the intracellular mobilization of CXIPs in response to Ca2+.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viviana Martins
- Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology, Department of Biology, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal.
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Trás-Os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5001-801, Vila Real, Portugal.
| | - Hernâni Gerós
- Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology, Department of Biology, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Trás-Os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5001-801, Vila Real, Portugal
- Centre of Biological Engineering (CEB), Department of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal
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27
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Zhang W, Jiang L, Huang J, Ding Y, Liu Z. Loss of proton/calcium exchange 1 results in the activation of plant defense and accelerated senescence in Arabidopsis. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 296:110472. [PMID: 32540002 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2020.110472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Cytosolic Ca2+ increases in response to many stimuli. CAX1 (H+/Ca2+ exchanger 1) maintains calcium homeostasis by transporting calcium from the cytosol to vacuoles. Here, we determined that the cax1 mutant exhibits enhanced resistance against both an avirulent biotrophic pathogen Pst-avrRpm1 (Pseudomonas syringae pv tomato DC3000 avrRpm1), and a necrotrophic pathogen, B. cinerea (Botrytis cinerea). The defense hormone SA (salicylic acid) and phytoalexin scopoletin, which fight against biotrophs and necrotrophs respectively, accumulated more in cax1 than wild-type. Moreover, the cax1 mutant exhibited early senescence after exogenous Ca2+ application. The accelerated senescence in the cax1 mutant was dependent on SID2 (salicylic acid induction deficient 2) but not on NPR1 (nonexpressor of pathogenesis-related genes1). Additionally, the introduction of CAX1 into the cax1 mutant resulted in phenotypes similar to that of wild-type in terms of Ca2+-conditioned senescence and Pst-avrRpm1 and B. cinerea infections. However, disruption of CAX3, the homolog of CAX1, did not produce an obvious phenotype. Moreover, exogenous Ca2+ application on plants resulted in increased resistance to both Pst-avrRpm1 and B. cinerea. Therefore, we conclude that the disruption of CAX1, but not CAX3, causes the activation of pathogen defense mechanisms, probably through the manipulation of calcium homeostasis or other signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- College of Bioengineering, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Zigong, 643000, Sichuan, China
| | - Lihui Jiang
- College of Bioengineering, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Zigong, 643000, Sichuan, China
| | - Jin Huang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Yongqiang Ding
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhibin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, Sichuan, China.
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28
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Ismail A, El-Sharkawy I, Sherif S. Salt Stress Signals on Demand: Cellular Events in the Right Context. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21113918. [PMID: 32486204 PMCID: PMC7313037 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21113918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant stress is a real dilemma; it puzzles plant biologists and is a global problem that negatively affects people’s daily lives. Of particular interest is salinity, because it represents one of the major water-related stress types. We aimed to determine the signals that guide the cellular-related events where various adaptation mechanisms cross-talk to cope with salinity-related water stress in plants. In an attempt to unravel these mechanisms and introduce cellular events in the right context, we expansively discussed how salt-related signals are sensed, with particular emphasis on aquaporins, nonselective cation channels (NSCCs), and glycosyl inositol phosphorylceramide (GIPC). We also elaborated on the critical role Ca2+, H+, and ROS in mediating signal transduction pathways associated with the response and tolerance to salt stress. In addition, the fragmentary results from the literature were compiled to develop a harmonized, informational, and contemplative model that is intended to improve our perception of these adaptative mechanisms and set a common platform for plant biologists to identify intriguing research questions in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Ismail
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Damanhour University, P.O. Box 22516, Damanhour, Egypt;
| | - Islam El-Sharkawy
- Florida A&M University, Center for Viticulture and Small Fruit Research. 6361 Mahan Drive, Tallahassee, FL 32308, USA;
| | - Sherif Sherif
- Alson H. Smith Jr. Agricultural Research and Extension Center, School of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Virginia Tech, Winchester, VA 22062, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-540-232-6035
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Intracellular Ca 2+ regulation of H +/Ca 2+ antiporter YfkE mediated by a Ca 2+ mini-sensor. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:10313-10321. [PMID: 32341169 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1918604117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The H+/Ca2+ (calcium ion) antiporter (CAX) plays an important role in maintaining cellular Ca2+ homeostasis in bacteria, yeast, and plants by promoting Ca2+ efflux across the cell membranes. However, how CAX facilitates Ca2+ balance in response to dynamic cytosolic Ca2+ perturbations is unknown. Here, we identified a type of Ca2+ "mini-sensor" in YfkE, a bacterial CAX homolog from Bacillus subtilis. The mini-sensor is formed by six tandem carboxylate residues within the transmembrane (TM)5-6 loop on the intracellular membrane surface. Ca2+ binding to the mini-sensor triggers the transition of the transport mode of YfkE from a high-affinity to a low-affinity state. Molecular dynamics simulation and fluorescence resonance energy transfer analysis suggest that Ca2+ binding to the mini-sensor causes an adjacent segment, namely, the exchanger inhibitory peptide (XIP), to move toward the Ca2+ translocation pathway to interact with TM2a in an inward-open cavity. The specific interaction was demonstrated with a synthetic peptide of the XIP, which inhibits YfkE transport and interrupts conformational changes mediated by the mini-sensor. By comparing the apo and Ca2+-bound CAX structures, we propose the following Ca2+ transport regulatory mechanism of YfkE: Ca2+ binding to the mini-sensor induces allosteric conformational changes in the Ca2+ translocation pathway via the XIP, resulting in a rearrangement of the Ca2+-binding transport site in the midmembrane. Since the Ca2+ mini-sensor and XIP sequences are also identified in other CAX homologs and/or Ca2+ transporters, including the mammalian Na+/Ca2+ exchanger (NCX), our study provides a regulatory mechanism for the Ca2+/cation transporter superfamily.
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30
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Cagnac O, Baghour M, Jaime‐Pérez N, Aranda‐Sicilia MN, Sánchez‐Romero ME, Rodríguez‐Rosales MP, Venema K. Deletion of the N‐terminal domain of the yeast vacuolar (Na
+
,K
+
)/H
+
antiporter Vnx1p improves salt tolerance in yeast and transgenic
Arabidopsis. Yeast 2020; 37:173-185. [DOI: 10.1002/yea.3450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Revised: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Mourad Baghour
- Faculté Pluridisciplinaire de Nador Université Mohammed Premier Nador Morocco
| | | | | | | | | | - Kees Venema
- Estación Experimental del Zaidín CSIC Granada Spain
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31
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Wang W, Wang J, Wei Q, Li B, Zhong X, Hu T, Hu H, Bao C. Transcriptome-Wide Identification and Characterization of Circular RNAs in Leaves of Chinese Cabbage (Brassica rapa L. ssp. pekinensis) in Response to Calcium Deficiency-Induced Tip-burn. Sci Rep 2019; 9:14544. [PMID: 31601970 PMCID: PMC6787205 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-51190-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Circular RNA (circRNA) is a newly discovered non-coding RNA, which play significant roles in the function and transcriptional regulation of microRNA. To date, in Chinese cabbage, the functional characteristic of circRNAs in response to calcium deficiency-induced tip-burn have not been reported. In this study, 730 circRNAs were isolated from Chinese cabbage leaves, of which 23 and 22 were differentially expressed in different calcium deficiency stages compared with the control. Forty-six host genes of the differentially expressed circRNAs were identified, and one circRNA was found to act as miRNAs sponges. Based on the functional analysis of host genes and target mRNAs of the corresponding miRNAs, the identified circRNAs might participated in response to stimulus, electron carrier activity, ATPase activity, cell wall metabolism, transcription factors and plant hormone signal transduction. ABF2, a positive regulator of the abiotic stress response in the abscisic acid (ABA) pathway, may play a role in calcium deficiency tolerance through a circRNA regulatory pathway. Correspondingly, the concentration of ABA is also increased during the Ca2+ deficiency stress. Our results suggest that circRNAs participate in a broad range of biological processes and physiological functions in the response to calcium deficiency-induced tip-burn and provide a basis for further studies of the biological roles that circRNAs play in the plant stress response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wuhong Wang
- Institute of Vegetable Research, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - Jinglei Wang
- Institute of Vegetable Research, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - Qingzhen Wei
- Institute of Vegetable Research, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - Biyuan Li
- Institute of Vegetable Research, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - Xinmin Zhong
- Institute of Vegetable Research, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - Tianhua Hu
- Institute of Vegetable Research, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - Haijiao Hu
- Institute of Vegetable Research, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - Chonglai Bao
- Institute of Vegetable Research, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China.
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32
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Navarro-León E, Ruiz JM, Albacete A, Blasco B. Effect of CAX1a TILLING mutations and calcium concentration on some primary metabolism processes in Brassica rapa plants. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2019; 237:51-60. [PMID: 31022665 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2019.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Revised: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Cation/H+ exchanger transporters (CAXs) are crucial in Ca2+ homeostasis and in the generation of Ca2+ profiles involved in signalling processes. Given the crucial role of CAX1 in Ca2+ homeostasis, CAX1 modifications could have effects on plant metabolism. Three Brassica rapa mutants for CAX1 were obtained through TILLING. The aim of this work is to assess the effect of the different mutations and different Ca2+ doses on plant metabolism. For this, the mutants and the parental line were grown under low, control and high Ca2+ doses and parameters related to nitrogen (N) and tricarboxylic acid (TCA) metabolisms, and amino acid (AAs) and phytohormone profiles were measured. The results show that BraA.cax1a mutations affect metabolism especially under high Ca2+ dose. Thus, BraA.cax1a-7 inhibited some N metabolism enzymes and activated photorespiration activity. On the opposite side, BraA.cax1a-12 mutation provides a better tolerance to high Ca2+ dose. This tolerance could be provided by an improved N and TCA metabolisms enzymes, and a higher glutamate, malate, indole-3-acetic acid and abscisic acid concentrations. Therefore, BraA.cax1a-12 mutation could be used for B. rapa improving; the metabolomics changes observed in this mutant could be responsible for a better tolerance to high Ca2+.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eloy Navarro-León
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain.
| | - Juan Manuel Ruiz
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain.
| | - Alfonso Albacete
- Department of Plant Nutrition, CEBAS-CSIC, Campus de Espinardo, E-30100, Espinardo, Murcia, Spain.
| | - Begoña Blasco
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain.
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33
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Ahmadi H, Corso M, Weber M, Verbruggen N, Clemens S. CAX1 suppresses Cd-induced generation of reactive oxygen species in Arabidopsis halleri. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2018; 41:2435-2448. [PMID: 29879753 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Revised: 04/12/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The molecular analysis of metal hyperaccumulation in species such as Arabidopsis halleri offers the chance to gain insights into metal homeostasis and into the evolution of adaptation to extreme habitats. A prerequisite of metal hyperaccumulation is metal hypertolerance. Genetic analysis of a backcross population derived from Arabidopsis lyrata × A. halleri crosses revealed three quantitative trait loci for Cd hypertolerance. A candidate gene for Cdtol2 is AhCAX1, encoding a vacuolar Ca2+ /H+ antiporter. We developed a method for the transformation of vegetatively propagated A. halleri plants and generated AhCAX1-silenced lines. Upon Cd2+ exposure, several-fold higher accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was detectable in roots of AhCAX1-silenced plants. In accordance with the dependence of Cdtol2 on external Ca2+ concentration, this phenotype was exclusively observed in low Ca2+ conditions. The effects of external Ca2+ on Cd accumulation cannot explain the phenotype as they were not influenced by the genotype. Our data strongly support the hypothesis that higher expression of CAX1 in A. halleri relative to other Arabidopsis species represents a Cd hypertolerance factor. We propose a function of AhCAX1 in preventing a positive feedback loop of Cd-elicited ROS production triggering further Ca2+ -dependent ROS accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Ahmadi
- University of Bayreuth, Department of Plant Physiology, and Bayreuth Center of Ecology and Environmental Research, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Massimiliano Corso
- Université Libre de Bruxelles, Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Molecular Genetics, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Michael Weber
- University of Bayreuth, Department of Plant Physiology, and Bayreuth Center of Ecology and Environmental Research, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Nathalie Verbruggen
- Université Libre de Bruxelles, Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Molecular Genetics, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Stephan Clemens
- University of Bayreuth, Department of Plant Physiology, and Bayreuth Center of Ecology and Environmental Research, Bayreuth, Germany
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34
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Zyablitsin AV, Dmitriev AA, Krasnov GS, Bolsheva NL, Rozhmina TA, Muravenko OV, Fedorova MS, Snezhkina AV, Kudryavtseva AV, Melnikova NV. CAX3 Gene is Involved in Flax Response to High Soil Acidity and Aluminum Exposure. Mol Biol 2018. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026893318040192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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35
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De Vriese K, Costa A, Beeckman T, Vanneste S. Pharmacological Strategies for Manipulating Plant Ca 2+ Signalling. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E1506. [PMID: 29783646 PMCID: PMC5983822 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19051506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Revised: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 05/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcium is one of the most pleiotropic second messengers in all living organisms. However, signalling specificity is encoded via spatio-temporally regulated signatures that act with surgical precision to elicit highly specific cellular responses. How this is brought about remains a big challenge in the plant field, in part due to a lack of specific tools to manipulate/interrogate the plant Ca2+ toolkit. In many cases, researchers resort to tools that were optimized in animal cells. However, the obviously large evolutionary distance between plants and animals implies that there is a good chance observed effects may not be specific to the intended plant target. Here, we provide an overview of pharmacological strategies that are commonly used to activate or inhibit plant Ca2+ signalling. We focus on highlighting modes of action where possible, and warn for potential pitfalls. Together, this review aims at guiding plant researchers through the Ca2+ pharmacology swamp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kjell De Vriese
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Technologiepark 927, 9052 Ghent, Belgium.
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Technologiepark 927, 9052 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Alex Costa
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy.
- Instititute of Biophysics, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 20133 Milan, Italy.
| | - Tom Beeckman
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Technologiepark 927, 9052 Ghent, Belgium.
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Technologiepark 927, 9052 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Steffen Vanneste
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Technologiepark 927, 9052 Ghent, Belgium.
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Technologiepark 927, 9052 Ghent, Belgium.
- Lab of Plant Growth Analysis, Ghent University Global Campus, Songdomunhwa-Ro, 119, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21985, Korea.
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36
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Demidchik V, Shabala S. Mechanisms of cytosolic calcium elevation in plants: the role of ion channels, calcium extrusion systems and NADPH oxidase-mediated 'ROS-Ca 2+ Hub'. FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2018; 45:9-27. [PMID: 32291018 DOI: 10.1071/fp16420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Elevation in the cytosolic free calcium is crucial for plant growth, development and adaptation. Calcium influx into plant cells is mediated by Ca2+ depolarisation-activated, hyperpolarisation-activated and voltage-independent Ca2+-permeable channels (DACCs, HACCs and VICCs respectively). These channels are encoded by the following gene families: (1) cyclic nucleotide-gated channels (CNGCs), (2) ionotropic glutamate receptors (GLRs), (3) annexins, (4) 'mechanosensitive channels of small (MscS) conductance'-like channels (MSLs), (5) 'mid1-complementing activity' channels (MCAs), Piezo channels, and hyperosmolality-induced [Ca2+]cyt. channel 1 (OSCA1). Also, a 'tandem-pore channel1' (TPC1) catalyses Ca2+ efflux from the vacuole in response to the plasma membrane-mediated Ca2+ elevation. Recent experimental data demonstrated that Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. CNGCs 2, 5-10, 14, 16 and 18, GLRs 1.2, 3.3, 3.4, 3.6 and 3.7, TPC1, ANNEXIN1, MSL9 and MSL10,MCA1 and MCA2, OSCA1, and some their homologues counterparts in other species, are responsible for Ca2+ currents and/or cytosolic Ca2+ elevation. Extrusion of Ca2+ from the cytosol is mediated by Ca2+-ATPases and Ca2+/H+ exchangers which were recently examined at the level of high resolution crystal structure. Calcium-activated NADPH oxidases and reactive oxygen species (ROS)-activated Ca2+ conductances form a self-amplifying 'ROS-Ca2+hub', enhancing and transducing Ca2+ and redox signals. The ROS-Ca2+ hub contributes to physiological reactions controlled by ROS and Ca2+, demonstrating synergism and unity of Ca2+ and ROS signalling mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vadim Demidchik
- Department of Plant Cell Biology and Bioengineering, Biological Faculty, Belarusian State University, 4 Independence Avenue, Minsk, 220030, Belarus
| | - Sergey Shabala
- School of Land and Food, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 54, Hobart, Tas. 7001, Australia
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37
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Martins V, Carneiro F, Conde C, Sottomayor M, Gerós H. The grapevine VvCAX3 is a cation/H + exchanger involved in vacuolar Ca 2+ homeostasis. PLANTA 2017; 246:1083-1096. [PMID: 28801786 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-017-2754-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2017] [Accepted: 08/03/2017] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The grapevine VvCAX3 mediates calcium transport in the vacuole and is mostly expressed in green grape berries and upregulated by Ca 2+ , Na + and methyl jasmonate. Calcium is an essential plant nutrient with important regulatory and structural roles in the berries of grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.). On the other hand, the proton-cation exchanger CAX proteins have been shown to impact Ca2+ homeostasis with important consequences for fruit integrity and resistance to biotic/abiotic stress. Here, the CAX gene found in transcriptomic databases as having one of the highest expressions in grapevine tissues, VvCAX3, was cloned and functionally characterized. Heterologous expression in yeast showed that a truncated version of VvCAX3 lacking its NNR autoinhibitory domain (sCAX3) restored the ability of the yeast strain to grow in 100-200 mM Ca2+, demonstrating a role in Ca2+ transport. The truncated VvCAX3 was further shown to be involved in the transport of Na+, Li+, Mn2+ and Cu2+ in yeast cells. Subcellular localization studies using fluorescently tagged proteins confirmed VvCAX3 as a tonoplast transporter. VvCAX3 is expressed in grapevine stems, leaves, roots, and berries, especially at pea size, decreasing gradually throughout development, in parallel with the pattern of calcium accumulation in the fruit. The transcript abundance of VvCAX3 was shown to be regulated by methyl jasmonate (MeJA), Ca2+, and Na+ in grape cell suspensions, and the VvCAX3 promotor contains several predicted cis-acting elements related to developmental and stress response processes. As a whole, the results obtained add new insights on the mechanisms involved in calcium homeostasis and intracellular compartmentation in grapevine, and indicate that VvCAX3 may be an interesting target towards the development of strategies for enhancement of grape berry properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viviana Martins
- Centro de Investigação e de Tecnologias Agro-ambientais e Biológicas, CITAB-UMinho Pole, Departamento de Biologia, Escola de Ciências, Universidade do Minho, Braga, Portugal.
| | - Filipa Carneiro
- Centro de Investigação e de Tecnologias Agro-ambientais e Biológicas, CITAB-UMinho Pole, Departamento de Biologia, Escola de Ciências, Universidade do Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Carlos Conde
- i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- IBMC, Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Mariana Sottomayor
- CIBIO-InBIO, Universidade do Porto, Campus de Vairão, Rua Padre Armando Quintas, Vairão, Portugal
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Hernâni Gerós
- Centro de Investigação e de Tecnologias Agro-ambientais e Biológicas, CITAB-UMinho Pole, Departamento de Biologia, Escola de Ciências, Universidade do Minho, Braga, Portugal
- Centro de Biologia Molecular e Ambiental (CBMA), Departamento de Biologia, Escola de Ciências, Universidade do Minho, Braga, Portugal
- Centro de Engenharia Biológica (CEB), Universidade do Minho, Braga, Portugal
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38
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Xu Y, Zhao Y, Duan H, Sui N, Yuan F, Song J. Transcriptomic profiling of genes in matured dimorphic seeds of euhalophyte Suaeda salsa. BMC Genomics 2017; 18:727. [PMID: 28903734 PMCID: PMC5598043 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-017-4104-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2016] [Accepted: 08/31/2017] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Suaeda salsa (S. salsa) is a euhalophyte with high economic value. S. salsa can produce dimorphic seeds. Brown seeds are more salt tolerant, can germinate quickly and maintain the fitness of the species under high saline conditions. Black seeds are less salt tolerant, may become part of the seed bank and germinate when soil salinity is reduced. Previous reports have mainly focused on the ecophysiological traits of seed germination and production under saline conditions in this species. However, there is no information available on the molecular characteristics of S. salsa dimorphic seeds. RESULTS In the present study, a total of 5825 differentially expressed genes were obtained; and 4648 differentially expressed genes were annotated based on a sequence similarity search, utilizing five public databases by transcriptome analysis. The different expression of these genes may be associated with embryo development, fatty acid, osmotic regulation substances and plant hormones in brown and black seeds. Compared to black seeds, most genes may relate to embryo development, and various genes that encode fatty acid desaturase and are involved in osmotic regulation substance synthesis or transport are upregulated in brown seeds. A large number of differentially expressed genes related to plant hormones were found in brown and black seeds, and their possible roles in regulating seed dormancy/germination were discussed. CONCLUSIONS Upregulated genes involved in seed development and osmotic regulation substance accumulation may relate to bigger seed size and rapid seed germination in brown seeds, compared to black seeds. Differentially expressed genes of hormones may relate to seed dormancy/germination and the development of brown and black seeds. The transcriptome dataset will serve as a valuable resource to further understand gene expression and functional genomics in S. salsa dimorphic seeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yange Xu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress, College of life science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong 250014 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuanqin Zhao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress, College of life science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong 250014 People’s Republic of China
| | - Huimin Duan
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress, College of life science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong 250014 People’s Republic of China
| | - Na Sui
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress, College of life science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong 250014 People’s Republic of China
| | - Fang Yuan
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress, College of life science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong 250014 People’s Republic of China
| | - Jie Song
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress, College of life science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong 250014 People’s Republic of China
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39
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Hocking B, Conn SJ, Manohar M, Xu B, Athman A, Stancombe MA, Webb AR, Hirschi KD, Gilliham M. Heterodimerization of Arabidopsis calcium/proton exchangers contributes to regulation of guard cell dynamics and plant defense responses. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2017; 68:4171-4183. [PMID: 28645169 PMCID: PMC5853972 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erx209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 06/02/2017] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Arabidopsis thaliana cation exchangers (CAX1 and CAX3) are closely related tonoplast-localized calcium/proton (Ca2+/H+) antiporters that contribute to cellular Ca2+ homeostasis. CAX1 and CAX3 were previously shown to interact in yeast; however, the function of this complex in plants has remained elusive. Here, we demonstrate that expression of CAX1 and CAX3 occurs in guard cells. Additionally, CAX1 and CAX3 are co-expressed in mesophyll tissue in response to wounding or flg22 treatment, due to the induction of CAX3 expression. Having shown that the transporters can be co-expressed in the same cells, we demonstrate that CAX1 and CAX3 can form homomeric and heteromeric complexes in plants. Consistent with the formation of a functional CAX1-CAX3 complex, CAX1 and CAX3 integrated into the yeast genome suppressed a Ca2+-hypersensitive phenotype of mutants defective in vacuolar Ca2+ transport, and demonstrated enzyme kinetics different from those of either CAX protein expressed by itself. We demonstrate that the interactions between CAX proteins contribute to the functioning of stomata, because stomata were more closed in cax1-1, cax3-1, and cax1-1/cax3-1 loss-of-function mutants due to an inability to buffer Ca2+ effectively. We hypothesize that the formation of CAX1-CAX3 complexes may occur in the mesophyll to affect intracellular Ca2+ signaling during defense responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bradleigh Hocking
- Waite Research Institute and School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, SA, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, SA, Australia
| | - Simon J Conn
- Waite Research Institute and School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, SA, Australia
| | - Murli Manohar
- US Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service, Children’s Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Bo Xu
- Waite Research Institute and School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, SA, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, SA, Australia
| | - Asmini Athman
- Waite Research Institute and School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, SA, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, SA, Australia
| | | | - Alex R Webb
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Kendal D Hirschi
- US Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service, Children’s Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Correspondence: ;
| | - Matthew Gilliham
- Waite Research Institute and School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, SA, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, SA, Australia
- Correspondence: ;
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40
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Pittman JK, Hirschi KD. CAX-ing a wide net: Cation/H(+) transporters in metal remediation and abiotic stress signalling. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2016; 18:741-9. [PMID: 27061644 PMCID: PMC4982074 DOI: 10.1111/plb.12460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Cation/proton exchangers (CAXs) are a class of secondary energised ion transporter that are being implicated in an increasing range of cellular and physiological functions. CAXs are primarily Ca(2+) efflux transporters that mediate the sequestration of Ca(2+) from the cytosol, usually into the vacuole. Some CAX isoforms have broad substrate specificity, providing the ability to transport trace metal ions such as Mn(2+) and Cd(2+) , as well as Ca(2+) . In recent years, genomic analyses have begun to uncover the expansion of CAXs within the green lineage and their presence within non-plant species. Although there appears to be significant conservation in tertiary structure of CAX proteins, there is diversity in function of CAXs between species and individual isoforms. For example, in halophytic plants, CAXs have been recruited to play a role in salt tolerance, while in metal hyperaccumulator plants CAXs are implicated in cadmium transport and tolerance. CAX proteins are involved in various abiotic stress response pathways, in some cases as a modulator of cytosolic Ca(2+) signalling, but in some situations there is evidence of CAXs acting as a pH regulator. The metal transport and abiotic stress tolerance functions of CAXs make them attractive targets for biotechnology, whether to provide mineral nutrient biofortification or toxic metal bioremediation. The study of non-plant CAXs may also provide insight into both conserved and novel transport mechanisms and functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. K. Pittman
- Faculty of Life SciencesUniversity of ManchesterManchesterUK
| | - K. D. Hirschi
- United States Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service Children's Nutrition Research CenterBaylor College of MedicineHoustonTXUSA
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Wang C, Xu W, Jin H, Zhang T, Lai J, Zhou X, Zhang S, Liu S, Duan X, Wang H, Peng C, Yang C. A Putative Chloroplast-Localized Ca(2+)/H(+) Antiporter CCHA1 Is Involved in Calcium and pH Homeostasis and Required for PSII Function in Arabidopsis. MOLECULAR PLANT 2016; 9:1183-1196. [PMID: 27302341 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2016.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2016] [Revised: 05/25/2016] [Accepted: 05/30/2016] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Calcium is important for chloroplast, not only in its photosynthetic but also nonphotosynthetic functions. Multiple Ca(2+)/H(+) transporters and channels have been described and studied in the plasma membrane and organelle membranes of plant cells; however, the molecular identity and physiological roles of chloroplast Ca(2+)/H(+) antiporters have remained unknown. Here we report the identification and characterization of a member of the UPF0016 family, CCHA1 (a chloroplast-localized potential Ca(2+)/H(+) antiporter), in Arabidopsis thaliana. We observed that the ccha1 mutant plants developed pale green leaves and showed severely stunted growth along with impaired photosystem II (PSII) function. CCHA1 localizes to the chloroplasts, and the levels of the PSII core subunits and the oxygen-evolving complex were significantly decreased in the ccha1 mutants compared with the wild type. In high Ca(2+) concentrations, Arabidopsis CCHA1 partially rescued the growth defect of yeast gdt1Δ null mutant, which is defective in a Ca(2+)/H(+) antiporter. The ccha1 mutant plants also showed significant sensitivity to high concentrations of CaCl2 and MnCl2, as well as variation in pH. Taken these results together, we propose that CCHA1 might encode a putative chloroplast-localized Ca(2+)/H(+) antiporter with critical functions in the regulation of PSII and in chloroplast Ca(2+) and pH homeostasis in Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Wang
- Guangdong Key Lab of Biotechnology for Plant Development, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Weitao Xu
- Guangdong Key Lab of Biotechnology for Plant Development, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Honglei Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Taijie Zhang
- Guangdong Key Lab of Biotechnology for Plant Development, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Jianbin Lai
- Guangdong Key Lab of Biotechnology for Plant Development, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Xuan Zhou
- Guangdong Key Lab of Biotechnology for Plant Development, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Shengchun Zhang
- Guangdong Key Lab of Biotechnology for Plant Development, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Shengjie Liu
- Guangdong Key Lab of Biotechnology for Plant Development, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Xuewu Duan
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510650, China
| | - Hongbin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Changlian Peng
- Guangdong Key Lab of Biotechnology for Plant Development, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Chengwei Yang
- Guangdong Key Lab of Biotechnology for Plant Development, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China.
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Wang F, Chen ZH, Liu X, Colmer TD, Zhou M, Shabala S. Tissue-specific root ion profiling reveals essential roles of the CAX and ACA calcium transport systems in response to hypoxia in Arabidopsis. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2016; 67:3747-62. [PMID: 26889007 PMCID: PMC4896357 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erw034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Waterlogging is a major abiotic stress that limits the growth of plants. The crucial role of Ca(2+) as a second messenger in response to abiotic and biotic stimuli has been widely recognized in plants. However, the physiological and molecular mechanisms of Ca(2+) distribution within specific cell types in different root zones under hypoxia is poorly understood. In this work, whole-plant physiological and tissue-specific Ca(2+) changes were studied using several ACA (Ca(2+)-ATPase) and CAX (Ca(2+)/proton exchanger) knock-out Arabidopsis mutants subjected to waterlogging treatment. In the wild-type (WT) plants, several days of hypoxia decreased the expression of ACA8, CAX4, and CAX11 by 33% and 50% compared with the control. The hypoxic treatment also resulted in an up to 11-fold tissue-dependent increase in Ca(2+) accumulation in root tissues as revealed by confocal microscopy. The increase was much higher in stelar cells in the mature zone of Arabidopsis mutants with loss of function for ACA8, ACA11, CAX4, and CAX11 In addition, a significantly increased Ca(2+) concentration was found in the cytosol of stelar cells in the mature zone after hypoxic treatment. Three weeks of waterlogging resulted in dramatic loss of shoot biomass in cax11 plants (67% loss in shoot dry weight), while in the WT and other transport mutants this decline was only 14-22%. These results were also consistent with a decline in leaf chlorophyll fluorescence (F v/F m). It is suggested that CAX11 plays a key role in maintaining cytosolic Ca(2+) homeostasis and/or signalling in root cells under hypoxic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feifei Wang
- School of Land and Food, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia
| | - Zhong-Hua Chen
- School of Science and Health, Western Sydney University, Penrith NSW2751, Australia
| | - Xiaohui Liu
- School of Science and Health, Western Sydney University, Penrith NSW2751, Australia School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Timothy David Colmer
- School of Plant Biology and Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Meixue Zhou
- School of Land and Food, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia
| | - Sergey Shabala
- School of Land and Food, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia
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Shabala S, Bose J, Fuglsang AT, Pottosin I. On a quest for stress tolerance genes: membrane transporters in sensing and adapting to hostile soils. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2016; 67:1015-31. [PMID: 26507891 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erv465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Abiotic stresses such as salinity, drought, and flooding severely limit food and fibre production and result in penalties of in excess of US$100 billion per annum to the agricultural sector. Improved abiotic stress tolerance to these environmental constraints via traditional or molecular breeding practices requires a good understanding of the physiological and molecular mechanisms behind roots sensing of hostile soils, as well as downstream signalling cascades to effectors mediating plant adaptive responses to the environment. In this review, we discuss some common mechanisms conferring plant tolerance to these three major abiotic stresses. Central to our discussion are: (i) the essentiality of membrane potential maintenance and ATP production/availability and its use for metabolic versus adaptive responses; (ii) reactive oxygen species and Ca(2+) 'signatures' mediating stress signalling; and (iii) cytosolic K(+) as the common denominator of plant adaptive responses. We discuss in detail how key plasma membrane and tonoplast transporters are regulated by various signalling molecules and processes observed in plants under stress conditions (e.g. changes in membrane potential; cytosolic pH and Ca(2+); reactive oxygen species; polyamines; abscisic acid) and how these stress-induced changes are related to expression and activity of specific ion transporters. The reported results are then discussed in the context of strategies for breeding crops with improved abiotic stress tolerance. We also discuss a classical trade-off between tolerance and yield, and possible avenues for resolving this dilemma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey Shabala
- School of Land and Food, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 54, Hobart, Tas 7001, Australia
| | - Jayakumar Bose
- School of Land and Food, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 54, Hobart, Tas 7001, Australia ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, PMB 1, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia
| | - Anja Thoe Fuglsang
- Department of Plant and Environmental Science, University of Copenhagen, DK-1871 Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Igor Pottosin
- School of Land and Food, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 54, Hobart, Tas 7001, Australia Centro Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad de Colima, 28045 Colima, México
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44
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Ma Y, Zhu M, Shabala L, Zhou M, Shabala S. Conditioning of Roots with Hypoxia Increases Aluminum and Acid Stress Tolerance by Mitigating Activation of K+ Efflux Channels by ROS in Barley: Insights into Cross-Tolerance Mechanisms. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2016; 57:160-73. [PMID: 26581863 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcv175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2015] [Accepted: 11/05/2015] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Aluminum (Al) is prevalent in soils, but Al toxicity is manifested only under acid conditions. It causes severe damages to the root system. Short-term waterlogging stress can occur simultaneously with Al toxicity in areas with high rainfall or an inappropriate irrigation pattern. Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is one of the most Al-sensitive small-grained cereals. In this work, we have investigated effects of short-term treatments with hypoxia and phenolic acid (two major constraints in waterlogged soils) on root sensitivity to low-pH and Al stresses. We showed that hypoxia-primed roots maintained higher cell viability when exposed to low-pH/Al stress, in both elongation and mature root zones, and possessed superior ability to retain K(+) in response to low-pH/Al stresses. These priming effects were not related to higher H(+)-ATPase activity and better membrane potential maintenance, and could not be explained by the increased expression levels of HvHAK1, which mediates high-affinity K(+) uptake in roots. Instead, hypoxia-conditioned roots were significantly less sensitive to H2O2 treatment, indicated by the 10-fold reduction in the magnitude of K(+) efflux changes. This suggested that roots pre-treated with hypoxia desensitized reactive oxygen species (ROS)-inducible K(+) efflux channels in root epidermis, most probably via enhanced antioxidative capacity. A possible role for Ca(2+) in stress-induced ROS signaling pathways is also discussed. Overall, our results report, for the first time, the phenomenon of cross-protection between hypoxia and low-pH/Al stresses, and causally link it to the cell's ability to maintain cytosolic K(+) homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanling Ma
- School of Land and Food, University of Tasmania, Hobart TAS 7001, Australia
| | - Min Zhu
- School of Land and Food, University of Tasmania, Hobart TAS 7001, Australia
| | - Lana Shabala
- School of Land and Food, University of Tasmania, Hobart TAS 7001, Australia
| | - Meixue Zhou
- School of Land and Food, University of Tasmania, Hobart TAS 7001, Australia
| | - Sergey Shabala
- School of Land and Food, University of Tasmania, Hobart TAS 7001, Australia
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45
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Zhao J, Li P, Motes CM, Park S, Hirschi KD. CHX14 is a plasma membrane K-efflux transporter that regulates K(+) redistribution in Arabidopsis thaliana. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2015; 38:2223-38. [PMID: 25754420 DOI: 10.1111/pce.12524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2014] [Accepted: 02/19/2015] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Potassium (K(+) ) is essential for plant growth and development, yet the molecular identity of many K(+) transporters remains elusive. Here we characterized cation/H(+) exchanger (CHX) 14 as a plasma membrane K(+) transporter. CHX14 expression was induced by elevated K(+) and histochemical analysis of CHX14 promoter::GUS transgenic plants indicated that CHX14 was expressed in xylem parenchyma of root and shoot vascular tissues of seedlings. CHX14 knockout (chx14) and CHX14 overexpression seedlings displayed different growth phenotypes during K(+) stress as compared with wild-type seedlings. Roots of mutant seedlings displayed higher K(+) uptake rates than wild-type roots. CHX14 expression in yeast cells deficient in K(+) uptake renders the mutant cells more sensitive to deficiencies of K(+) in the medium. CHX14 mediates K(+) efflux in yeast cells loaded with high K(+) . Uptake experiments using (86) Rb(+) as a tracer for K(+) with both yeast and plant mutants demonstrated that CHX14 expression in yeast and in planta mediated low-affinity K(+) efflux. Functional green fluorescent protein (GFP)-tagged versions of CHX14 were localized to both the yeast and plant plasma membranes. Taken together, we suggest that CHX14 is a plasma membrane K(+) efflux transporter involved in K(+) homeostasis and K(+) recirculation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhao
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Agricultural Research Service Children's Nutrition Research Center, United States Department of Agriculture, Baylor College of Medicine, 1100 Bates Street, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Penghui Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Christy M Motes
- Plant Biology Division, Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation Inc, 2510 Sam Noble Parkway, Ardmore, OK, 73401, USA
| | - Sunghun Park
- Department of Horticulture, Forestry and Recreation Resources, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, USA
| | - Kendal D Hirschi
- Agricultural Research Service Children's Nutrition Research Center, United States Department of Agriculture, Baylor College of Medicine, 1100 Bates Street, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Vegetable and Fruit Improvement Center, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77845, USA
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46
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Zhang L, Hao J, Bao M, Hasi A, Niu Y. Cloning and characterization of a Ca(2+)/H(+) exchanger from the halophyte Salicornia europaea L. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2015; 96:321-328. [PMID: 26332662 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2015.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2015] [Revised: 08/17/2015] [Accepted: 08/17/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The calcium ion (Ca(2+)), which functions as a second messenger, plays an important role in plants' responses to various abiotic stresses, and Ca(2+)/H(+) exchangers (CAXs) are an important part of this process. In this study, we isolated and characterized a putative Ca(2+)/H(+) exchanger gene (SeCAX3) from Salicornia europaea L., a succulent, leafless euhalophyte. The SeCAX3 open reading frame was 1368 bp long and encoded a 455-amino-acid polypeptide that showed 67.9% similarity to AtCAX3. SeCAX3 was expressed in the shoots and roots of S. europaea. Expression of SeCAX3 was up-regulated by Ca(2+), Na(+), sorbitol, Li(+), abscisic acid, and cold treatments in shoots, but down-regulated by Ca(2+), sorbitol, abscisic acid, and cold treatments in roots. When SeCAX3 was transformed into a Ca-sensitive yeast strain, the transformed cells were able to grow in the presence of 200 mM Ca(2+). Furthermore, SeCAX3 conferred drought, salt, and cold tolerance in yeast. Compared with the control strains, the yeast transformants expressing SeCAX3 were able to grow well in the presence of 30 mM Li(+), 150 mM Mg(2+), or 6 mM Ba(2+). These results showed that the expression of SeCAX3 in yeast suppressed its Ca(2+) hypersensitivity and conferred tolerance to Mg(2+) and Ba(2+). Together, these findings suggest that SeCAX3 might be a Ca(2+) transporter that plays a role in regulating cation tolerance and the responses of S. europaea to various abiotic stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liquan Zhang
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Herbage & Endemic Crop Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, PR China
| | - Jinfeng Hao
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Herbage & Endemic Crop Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, PR China
| | - Mulan Bao
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Herbage & Endemic Crop Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, PR China
| | - Agula Hasi
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Herbage & Endemic Crop Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, PR China
| | - Yiding Niu
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Herbage & Endemic Crop Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, PR China.
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47
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Duff MC, Kuhne WW, Halverson NV, Chang CS, Kitamura E, Hawthorn L, Martinez NE, Stafford C, Milliken CE, Caldwell EF, Stieve-Caldwell E. mRNA Transcript abundance during plant growth and the influence of Li(+) exposure. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2014; 229:262-279. [PMID: 25443852 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2014.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2014] [Revised: 10/06/2014] [Accepted: 10/09/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Lithium (Li) toxicity in plants is, at a minimum, a function of Li(+) concentration, exposure time, species and growth conditions. Most plant studies with Li(+) focus on short-term acute exposures. This study examines short- and long-term effects of Li(+) exposure in Arabidopsis with Li(+) uptake studies and measured shoot mRNA transcript abundance levels in treated and control plants. Stress, pathogen-response and arabinogalactan protein genes were typically more up-regulated in older (chronic, low level) Li(+)-treatment plants and in the much younger plants from acute high-level exposures. The gene regulation behavior of high-level Li(+) resembled prior studies due to its influence on: inositol synthesis, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthases and membrane ion transport. In contrast, chronically-exposed plants had gene regulation responses that were indicative of pathogen, cold, and heavy-metal stress, cell wall degradation, ethylene production, signal transduction, and calcium-release modulation. Acute Li(+) exposure phenocopies magnesium-deficiency symptoms and is associated with elevated expression of stress response genes that could lead to consumption of metabolic and transcriptional energy reserves and the dedication of more resources to cell development. In contrast, chronic Li(+) exposure increases expression signal transduction genes. The identification of new Li(+)-sensitive genes and a gene-based "response plan" for acute and chronic Li(+) exposure are delineated.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Duff
- Savannah River National Laboratory, Aiken, SC 29808, United States.
| | - W W Kuhne
- Savannah River National Laboratory, Aiken, SC 29808, United States
| | - N V Halverson
- Savannah River National Laboratory, Aiken, SC 29808, United States
| | - C-S Chang
- Integrated Genomics Core, Georgia Regents University Cancer Center, Augusta, GA 30912, United States
| | - E Kitamura
- Integrated Genomics Core, Georgia Regents University Cancer Center, Augusta, GA 30912, United States
| | - L Hawthorn
- Integrated Genomics Core, Georgia Regents University Cancer Center, Augusta, GA 30912, United States
| | - N E Martinez
- Savannah River National Laboratory, Aiken, SC 29808, United States; Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Ft. Collins, CO 80523, United States
| | - C Stafford
- Savannah River National Laboratory, Aiken, SC 29808, United States; University of South Carolina Medical School, Columbia, SC 29208, United States
| | - C E Milliken
- Savannah River National Laboratory, Aiken, SC 29808, United States
| | - E F Caldwell
- Savannah River National Laboratory, Aiken, SC 29808, United States
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Henderson SW, Baumann U, Blackmore DH, Walker AR, Walker RR, Gilliham M. Shoot chloride exclusion and salt tolerance in grapevine is associated with differential ion transporter expression in roots. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2014; 14:273. [PMID: 25344057 PMCID: PMC4220414 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-014-0273-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2014] [Accepted: 10/03/2014] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Salt tolerance in grapevine is associated with chloride (Cl-) exclusion from shoots; the rate-limiting step being the passage of Cl- between the root symplast and xylem apoplast. Despite an understanding of the physiological mechanism of Cl- exclusion in grapevine, the molecular identity of membrane proteins that control this process have remained elusive. To elucidate candidate genes likely to control Cl- exclusion, we compared the root transcriptomes of three Vitis spp. with contrasting shoot Cl- exclusion capacities using a custom microarray. RESULTS When challenged with 50 mM Cl-, transcriptional changes of genotypes 140 Ruggeri (shoot Cl- excluding rootstock), K51-40 (shoot Cl- including rootstock) and Cabernet Sauvignon (intermediate shoot Cl- excluder) differed. The magnitude of salt-induced transcriptional changes in roots correlated with the amount of Cl- accumulated in shoots. Abiotic-stress responsive transcripts (e.g. heat shock proteins) were induced in 140 Ruggeri, respiratory transcripts were repressed in Cabernet Sauvignon, and the expression of hypersensitive response and ROS scavenging transcripts was altered in K51-40. Despite these differences, no obvious Cl- transporters were identified. However, under control conditions where differences in shoot Cl- exclusion between rootstocks were still significant, genes encoding putative ion channels SLAH3, ALMT1 and putative kinases SnRK2.6 and CPKs were differentially expressed between rootstocks, as were members of the NRT1 (NAXT1 and NRT1.4), and CLC families. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that transcriptional events contributing to the Cl- exclusion mechanism in grapevine are not stress-inducible, but constitutively different between contrasting varieties. We have identified individual genes from large families known to have members with roles in anion transport in other plants, as likely candidates for controlling anion homeostasis and Cl- exclusion in Vitis species. We propose these genes as priority candidates for functional characterisation to determine their role in chloride transport in grapevine and other plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sam W Henderson
- />Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, & Waite Research Institute, University of Adelaide, PMB1, Glen Osmond, South Australia, 5064 Australia
| | - Ute Baumann
- />Australian Centre for Plant Functional Genomics, South Australia, 5064 Australia
| | - Deidre H Blackmore
- />CSIRO Plant Industry, PO Box 350, Glen Osmond, South Australia 5064 Australia
| | - Amanda R Walker
- />CSIRO Plant Industry, PO Box 350, Glen Osmond, South Australia 5064 Australia
| | - Rob R Walker
- />CSIRO Plant Industry, PO Box 350, Glen Osmond, South Australia 5064 Australia
| | - Matthew Gilliham
- />Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, & Waite Research Institute, University of Adelaide, PMB1, Glen Osmond, South Australia, 5064 Australia
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49
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Ismail A, Takeda S, Nick P. Life and death under salt stress: same players, different timing? JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2014; 65:2963-79. [PMID: 24755280 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eru159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Salinity does not only stress plants but also challenges human life and the economy by posing severe constraints upon agriculture. To understand salt adaptation strategies of plants, it is central to extend agricultural production to salt-affected soils. Despite high impact and intensive research, it has been difficult to dissect the plant responses to salt stress and to define the decisive key factors for the outcome of salinity signalling. To connect the rapidly accumulating data from different systems, treatments, and organization levels (whole-plant, cellular, and molecular), and to identify the appropriate correlations among them, a clear conceptual framework is required. Similar to other stress responses, the molecular nature of the signals evoked after the onset of salt stress seems to be general, as with that observed in response to many other stimuli, and should not be considered to confer specificity per se. The focus of the current review is therefore on the temporal patterns of signals conveyed by molecules such as Ca(2+), H(+), reactive oxygen species, abscisic acid, and jasmonate. We propose that the outcome of the salinity response (adaptation versus cell death) depends on the timing with which these signals appear and disappear. In this context, the often-neglected non-selective cation channels are relevant. We also propose that constraining a given signal is as important as its induction, as it is the temporal competence of signalling (signal on demand) that confers specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Ismail
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
| | - Shin Takeda
- Bioscience and Biotechnology Center, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Peter Nick
- Molecular Cell Biology, Botanical Institute, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Germany
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50
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Siemianowski O, Barabasz A, Kendziorek M, Ruszczyńska A, Bulska E, Williams LE, Antosiewicz DM. HMA4 expression in tobacco reduces Cd accumulation due to the induction of the apoplastic barrier. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2014; 65:1125-39. [PMID: 24420575 PMCID: PMC3935570 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/ert471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Ectopic expression in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum v. Xanthi) of the export protein AtHMA4 (responsible in Arabidopsis for the control of Zn/Cd root to shoot translocation) resulted in decreased Cd uptake/accumulation in roots and shoots. This study contributes to understanding the mechanisms underlying this Cd-dependent phenotype to help predict the consequences of transgene expression for potential phytoremediation/biofortification-based strategies. Microarray analysis was performed to identify metal homeostasis genes that were differentially expressed in roots of Cd-exposed AtHMA4-expressing tobacco relative to the wild type. It was established that down-regulation of genes known to mediate Cd uptake was not responsible for reduced Cd uptake/accumulation in AtHMA4 transformants. The transcript levels of NtIRT1 and NtZIP1 were higher in transgenic plants, indicating an induction of the Fe and Zn deficiency status due to AtHMA4 expression. Interestingly, upon exposure to Cd, genes involved in cell wall lignification (NtHCT, NtOMET, and NtPrx11a) were up-regulated in transformants. Microscopic analysis of roots demonstrated that expression of AtHMA4 caused an induction of cell wall lignification in the external cell layers that was accompanied by enhanced H2O2 accumulation. Further study showed that the concentration of other elements (B, Co, Cu, Ni, Mo, and Zn) was reduced in AtHMA4 transformants in the presence of Cd. In conclusion, due to ectopic expression of 35S::AtHMA4, the physical apoplastic barrier within the external cell layer developed, which is likely to be responsible for the reduction of Cd uptake/accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oskar Siemianowski
- University of Warsaw, Faculty of Biology, Institute of Experimental Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Miecznikowa str. 1, 02-096 Warszawa, Poland
| | - Anna Barabasz
- University of Warsaw, Faculty of Biology, Institute of Experimental Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Miecznikowa str. 1, 02-096 Warszawa, Poland
| | - Maria Kendziorek
- University of Warsaw, Faculty of Biology, Institute of Experimental Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Miecznikowa str. 1, 02-096 Warszawa, Poland
| | - Anna Ruszczyńska
- University of Warsaw, Faculty of Chemistry, Pasteura str. 1, 02-093 Warszawa, Poland
| | - Ewa Bulska
- University of Warsaw, Faculty of Chemistry, Pasteura str. 1, 02-093 Warszawa, Poland
| | | | - Danuta Maria Antosiewicz
- University of Warsaw, Faculty of Biology, Institute of Experimental Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Miecznikowa str. 1, 02-096 Warszawa, Poland
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