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Liu H, Li Y, Jin Y, Li X, Wang D, Yu X, Jiang Z, Yin G, Chen S, Zhang X, Meng D, Yu W, Jiang W, Zhang F. Effects of different natural products in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease-A network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Phytother Res 2024; 38:3801-3824. [PMID: 38886838 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Due to a scarcity of appropriate therapeutic approaches capable of ameliorating or eliminating non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), many researchers have come to focus on natural products based on traditional medicine that can be utilized to successfully treat NAFLD. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effects exerted by seven natural products (curcumin, silymarin, resveratrol, artichoke leaf extract, berberine, catechins, and naringenin) on patients with NAFLD. For this purpose, PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science, were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) exclusively. The selected studies were evaluated for methodological quality via the Cochrane bias risk assessment tool, and data analysis software was used to analyze the data accordingly. The RCTs from the earliest available date until September 2022 were collected. This process resulted in 37 RCTs with a total sample size of 2509 patients being included. The results of the network meta-analysis showed that artichoke leaf extract confers a relative advantage in reducing the aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels (SUCRA: 99.1%), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels (SUCRA: 88.2%) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels (SUCRA: 88.9%). Naringenin conferred an advantage in reducing triglyceride (TG) levels (SUCRA: 97.3%), total cholesterol (TC) levels (SUCRA: 73.9%), and improving high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels (SUCRA: 74.9%). High-density catechins significantly reduced body mass index (BMI) levels (SUCRA: 98.5%) compared with the placebo. The Ranking Plot of the Network indicated that artichoke leaf extract and naringenin performed better than the other natural products in facilitating patient recovery. Therefore, we propose that artichoke leaf extract and naringenin may exert a better therapeutic effect on NAFLD. This study may help guide clinicians and lead to further detailed studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongshuai Liu
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yufei Li
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Jin
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongxian Wang
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaowen Yu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenyuan Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoliang Yin
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Suwen Chen
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Decheng Meng
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenfei Yu
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenyin Jiang
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Fengxia Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, People's Republic of China
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Dou Z, Lu F, Hu J, Li B, Li X. CBX7 silencing promoted liver regeneration by interacting with BMI1 and activating the Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway. Sci Rep 2024; 14:11008. [PMID: 38744845 PMCID: PMC11094083 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-58248-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Multiple studies have shown knockdown of chromobox 7 (CBX7) promotes the regenerative capacity of various cells or tissues. We examined the effect of CBX7 on hepatocyte proliferation and liver regeneration after 2/3 hepatectomy in a mouse model. For in vitro experiments, NCTC 1469 and BNL CL.2 hepatocytes were co-transfected with siRNA-CBX7-1 (si-CBX7-1), siRNA-CBX7-2 (si-CBX7-2), pcDNA-CBX7, si-BMI1-1, si-BMI1-2, pcDNA-BMI1, or their negative control. For in vivo experiments, mice were injected intraperitoneally with lentivirus-packaged shRNA and shRNA CBX7 before hepatectomy. Our results showed that CBX7 was rapidly induced in the early stage of liver regeneration. CBX7 regulated hepatocyte proliferation, cell cycle, and apoptosis of NCTC 1469 and BNL CL.2 hepatocytes. CBX7 interacted with BMI1 and inhibited BMI1 expression in hepatocytes. Silencing BMI1 aggregated the inhibitory effect of CBX7 overexpression on hepatocyte viability and the promotion of apoptosis. Furthermore, silencing BMI1 enhanced the regulatory effect of CBX7 on Nrf2/ARE signaling in HGF-induced hepatocytes. In vivo, CBX7 silencing enhanced liver/body weight ratio in PH mice. CBX7 silencing promoted the Ki67-positive cell count and decreased the Tunel-positive cell count after hepatectomy, and also increased the expression of nuclear Nrf2, HO-1, and NQO-1. Our results suggest that CBX7 silencing may increase survival following hepatectomy by promoting liver regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhimin Dou
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, No. 199, Donggang West Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Fei Lu
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, No. 199, Donggang West Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Jinjing Hu
- Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Regenerative Medicine of Gansu Province, No. 1 Donggang West Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Xun Li
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, No. 199, Donggang West Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China.
- Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Regenerative Medicine of Gansu Province, No. 1 Donggang West Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China.
- Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, No. 1 Donggang West Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China.
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Yang Z, Zhang L, Liu J, Li D. Litchi Pericarp Extract Treats Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus by Regulating Oxidative Stress, Inflammatory Response, and Energy Metabolism. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:495. [PMID: 38671942 PMCID: PMC11047702 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13040495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Litchi pericarp is rich in polyphenols, and demonstrates significant biological activity. This study assessed the therapeutic effects of litchi pericarp extract (LPE) on type 2 diabetes mellitus in db/db mice. The results showed that LPE ameliorated symptoms of glucose metabolism disorder, oxidative stress, inflammatory response, and insulin resistance in db/db mice. The mechanistic studies indicated that LPE activates adenosine 5'-monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and suppresses the protein expression of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK), thereby reducing hepatic gluconeogenesis. Additionally, LPE facilitates the translocation of nuclear factor erythroid2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) into the cell nucleus, initiating the transcription of antioxidant factors superoxide dismutase (SOD) and NAD(P)H: quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1), which alleviate oxidative stress and reduce oxidative damage. Furthermore, LPE blocks nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) nuclear translocation and subsequent inflammatory response initiation, thereby reducing inflammation. These findings indicate that LPE addresses type 2 diabetes mellitus by activating the AMPK energy metabolic pathway and regulating the Nrf2 oxidative stress and NF-κB inflammatory signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziming Yang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Phytochemicals and Sustainable Utilization, Guangxi Institute of Botany, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guilin 541006, China; (L.Z.); (J.L.)
| | - Li Zhang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Phytochemicals and Sustainable Utilization, Guangxi Institute of Botany, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guilin 541006, China; (L.Z.); (J.L.)
| | - Jinlei Liu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Phytochemicals and Sustainable Utilization, Guangxi Institute of Botany, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guilin 541006, China; (L.Z.); (J.L.)
| | - Dianpeng Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Phytochemicals and Sustainable Utilization, Guangxi Institute of Botany, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guilin 541006, China; (L.Z.); (J.L.)
- Engineering Research Center of Innovative Traditional Chinese, Zhuang and Yao Materia Medica, Ministry of Education, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China
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Shafrir A, Katz LH, Shauly-Aharonov M, Zinger A, Safadi R, Stokar J, Kalisky I. Low ALT Is Associated with IBD and Disease Activity: Results from a Nationwide Study. J Clin Med 2024; 13:1869. [PMID: 38610634 PMCID: PMC11012492 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13071869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Sarcopenia is underdiagnosed in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Low alanine transaminase (ALT) is associated with sarcopenia. We evaluated the association between low ALT and the presence of IBD and disease activity. Methods: Data were collected from a national Israeli health insurer cohort comprising 976,615 patients. Patients with a diagnosis of IBD were compared to healthy controls. After exclusion of patients with liver disease, ALT > 40 IU/L and age < 18, a total of 233,451 patients were included in the analysis. Low ALT was defined as <10 IU/L. Results: Low ALT was more common amongst patients with IBD than in healthy controls (7.76% vs. 5.7% p < 0.001). Low ALT was found in 148 (7.9%) of the patients with CD and 69 (6.9%) of the patients with UC. For CD, low ALT was associated with increased fecal calprotectin (FC) and CRP (223.00 μg/mg [63.45-631.50] vs. 98.50 [31.98-324.00], p < 0.001, 9.10 mg/L [3.22-19.32] vs. 3.20 [1.30-8.30], p < 0.001) and decreased albumin and hemoglobin (3.90 g/dL [3.60-4.20] vs. 4.30 [4.00-4.50], p < 0.001,12.20 g/dL [11.47-13.00] vs. 13.60 [12.60-14.70], p < 0.001). For UC, low ALT was associated with higher FC and CRP (226.50 μg/mg [143.00-537.00] vs. 107.00 [40.85-499.50], p = 0.057, 4.50 mg/L [1.90-11.62] vs. 2.30 [1.00-6.20], p < 0.001) and with lower albumin and hemoglobin (4.00 g/dL [3.62-4.18] vs. 4.30 [4.10-4.40], p < 0.001, 12.40 g/dL [11.60-13.20] vs. 13.60 [12.60-14.60], p < 0.001). These findings remained consistent following multivariate regression and in a propensity score-matched cohort. Conclusions: Low ALT is more common in patients with IBD and is associated with biochemical disease activity indices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asher Shafrir
- Meuhedet Health Medical Organization, Jerusalem District, Tel Aviv 6203854, Israel
- Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem 1200, Israel; (L.H.K.); (A.Z.); (I.K.)
- Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190500, Israel; (R.S.); (J.S.)
| | - Lior H. Katz
- Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem 1200, Israel; (L.H.K.); (A.Z.); (I.K.)
- Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190500, Israel; (R.S.); (J.S.)
| | - Michal Shauly-Aharonov
- Braun School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190500, Israel;
- The Jerusalem College of Technology, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Adar Zinger
- Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem 1200, Israel; (L.H.K.); (A.Z.); (I.K.)
- Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190500, Israel; (R.S.); (J.S.)
| | - Rifaat Safadi
- Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190500, Israel; (R.S.); (J.S.)
- The Liver Institute, Hadassah Medical Organization, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Joshua Stokar
- Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190500, Israel; (R.S.); (J.S.)
- Department of Endocrinology, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190500, Israel
| | - Itay Kalisky
- Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem 1200, Israel; (L.H.K.); (A.Z.); (I.K.)
- Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190500, Israel; (R.S.); (J.S.)
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Alim MA, Mumu TJ, Tamanna US, Khan MM, Miah MI, Islam MS, Jesmin ZA, Khan T, Hasan MR, Alam MJ, Murtaja Reza Linkon KM, Rahman MN, Begum R, Prodhan UK. Hypolipidemic effect and modulation of hepatic enzymes by different edible oils in obese Wistar rats. Heliyon 2024; 10:e25880. [PMID: 38384579 PMCID: PMC10878912 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The current study assessed the hypolipidemic effect and modulation of hepatic enzymes by different edible oils in obese Wistar rats. In order to conduct this study, 36 Wistar rats that were collected at 5 weeks of age and weighed an average of 70 g were split into two groups: 28 of them were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) and 8 of them were fed a control diet. After 5 weeks of feeding, rats from the HFD (obese, n = 4) and the control diet group (n = 4) were sacrificed. Subsequently, the rest of obese rats (n = 24) were separated into six groups, including the continuing high-fat (CHF) diet group, rice bran oil (RBO) diet group, olive oil (OO) diet group, soybean oil (SO) diet group, cod liver oil (CLO) diet group, and sunflower oil (SFO) diet group, and the continuing control diet group (n = 4). Rats from each group were sacrificed following an additional 5 weeks, and all analytical tests were carried out. The results found that the interventions of RBO, CLO, and SFO in obese rats reduced their body weight non-significantly when compared with CHF. It was also observed that a non-significant reduction in weight of the heart, AAT, and EAT occurred by RBO, OO, SO, and CLO, while SFO reduced the AAT level significantly (p < 0.05). Besides, RBO, OO, SO, CLO, and SFO decreased IBAT and liver fat significantly compared to CHF. Similarly, the administration of RBO, OO, SO, and CLO reduced ALT significantly. RBO reduced GGT (p < 0.05) significantly, but other oils did not. The given oil has the efficiency to reduce TC, TAG, and LDL-C but increase HDL-C significantly. These findings suggest that different edible oils can ameliorate obesity, regulate lipid profiles, and modulate hepatic enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Abdul Alim
- Department of Food Technology and Nutritional Science, Faculty of Life Science, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail, 1902, Bangladesh
| | - Tarana Jannat Mumu
- Department of Food Technology and Nutritional Science, Faculty of Life Science, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail, 1902, Bangladesh
- Ahsania Mission Cancer and General Hospital, Dhaka, 1230, Bangladesh
| | - Ummay Salma Tamanna
- Department of Food Technology and Nutritional Science, Faculty of Life Science, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail, 1902, Bangladesh
- Ibn Sina Consultation Centre, Dhaka, 1212, Bangladesh
| | - Md Moin Khan
- Department of Food Technology and Nutritional Science, Faculty of Life Science, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail, 1902, Bangladesh
- SR Ingredients Ltd., Dhaka, 1229, Bangladesh
| | - Md Imran Miah
- Department of Food Technology and Nutritional Science, Faculty of Life Science, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail, 1902, Bangladesh
- CSF Global-Child Sight Foundation, Dhaka, 1212, Bangladesh
| | - Md Shahikul Islam
- Department of Food Technology and Nutritional Science, Faculty of Life Science, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail, 1902, Bangladesh
- Akij Food and Beverage Ltd., Dhaka, 1208, Bangladesh
| | - Zannat Ara Jesmin
- Department of Food Technology and Nutritional Science, Faculty of Life Science, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail, 1902, Bangladesh
| | - Tayeba Khan
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Life Science, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail, 1902, Bangladesh
| | - Md Rakibul Hasan
- Department of Food Technology and Nutritional Science, Faculty of Life Science, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail, 1902, Bangladesh
| | - Md Jahangir Alam
- Department of Food Technology and Nutritional Science, Faculty of Life Science, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail, 1902, Bangladesh
| | - Khan Md Murtaja Reza Linkon
- Department of Food Technology and Nutritional Science, Faculty of Life Science, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail, 1902, Bangladesh
| | - Md Nannur Rahman
- Department of Food Technology and Nutritional Science, Faculty of Life Science, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail, 1902, Bangladesh
| | - Rokeya Begum
- Department of Food Technology and Nutritional Science, Faculty of Life Science, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail, 1902, Bangladesh
| | - Utpal Kumar Prodhan
- Department of Food Technology and Nutritional Science, Faculty of Life Science, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail, 1902, Bangladesh
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6
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Jang JH, Cho YJ, Jeong SH. Pharmacokinetic Analysis of Levodropropizine and Its Potential Therapeutic Advantages Considering Eosinophil Levels and Clinical Indications. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:234. [PMID: 38399449 PMCID: PMC10892118 DOI: 10.3390/ph17020234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Levodropropizine is a non-narcotic, non-centrally acting antitussive that inhibits the cough reflex triggered by neuropeptides. Despite the active clinical application of levodropropizine, the exploration of its inter-individual pharmacokinetic diversity and of factors that can interpret it is lacking. The purpose of this study was to explore effective covariates associated with variation in the pharmacokinetics of levodropropizine within the population and to perform an interpretation of covariate correlations from a therapeutic perspective. The results of a levodropropizine clinical trial conducted on 40 healthy Korean men were used in this pharmacokinetic analysis, and the calculated pharmacokinetic and physiochemical parameters were screened for effective correlations between factors through heatmap and linear regression analysis. Along with basic compartmental modeling, a correlation analysis was performed between the model-estimated parameter values and the discovered effective candidate covariates for levodropropizine, and the degree of toxicity and safety during the clinical trial of levodropropizine was quantitatively monitored, targeting the hepatotoxicity screening panel. As a result, eosinophil level and body surface area (BSA) were explored as significant (p-value < 0.05) physiochemical parameters associated with the pharmacokinetic diversity of levodropropizine. Specifically, it was confirmed that as eosinophil level and BSA increased, levodropropizine plasma exposure increased and decreased, respectively. Interestingly, changes in an individual's plasma exposure to levodropropizine depending on eosinophil levels could be interpreted as a therapeutic advantage based on pharmacokinetic benefits linked to the clinical indications for levodropropizine. This study presents effective candidate covariates that can explain the inter-individual pharmacokinetic variability of levodropropizine and provides a useful perspective on the first-line choice of levodropropizine in the treatment of inflammatory respiratory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Hun Jang
- College of Pharmacy, Sunchon National University, 255 Jungang-ro, Suncheon-si 57922, Jeollanam-do, Republic of Korea; (J.-H.J.); (Y.-J.C.)
| | - Young-Jin Cho
- College of Pharmacy, Sunchon National University, 255 Jungang-ro, Suncheon-si 57922, Jeollanam-do, Republic of Korea; (J.-H.J.); (Y.-J.C.)
| | - Seung-Hyun Jeong
- College of Pharmacy, Sunchon National University, 255 Jungang-ro, Suncheon-si 57922, Jeollanam-do, Republic of Korea; (J.-H.J.); (Y.-J.C.)
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Suncheon-si 57922, Jeollanam-do, Republic of Korea
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Wang D, Xie W, He W, Zhu H, Zhang Y, Gao Q, Cong X, Cheng S, Liu Y. Selenium-Enriched Cardamine violifolia Alleviates LPS-Induced Hepatic Damage and Inflammation by Suppressing TLR4/NODs-Necroptosis Signal Axes in Piglets. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024; 202:527-537. [PMID: 37233925 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03713-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Selenium-enriched Cardamine violifolia (SEC), a cruciferous plant, exerts excellent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory capacity, but its effect on hepatic function is unclear. This study investigated the effect and potential mechanism of SEC on hepatic injury induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Twenty-four weaned piglets were randomly allotted to treatment with SEC (0.3 mg/kg Se) and/or LPS (100 μg/kg). After 28 days of the trial, pigs were injected with LPS to induce hepatic injury. These results indicated that SEC supplementation attenuated LPS-induced hepatic morphological injury and reduced aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities in plasma. SEC also inhibited the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin 6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) after the LPS challenge. In addition, SEC improved hepatic antioxidant capacity via enhancing glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity and decreasing malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration. Moreover, SEC downregulated the mRNA expression of hepatic myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) and nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain proteins 1 (NOD1) and its adaptor molecule receptor interacting protein kinase 2 (RIPK2). SEC also alleviated LPS-induced hepatic necroptosis by inhibiting RIPK1, RIPK3, and mixed-lineage kinase domain-like (MLKL) expression. These data suggest that SEC potentially mitigates LPS-induced hepatic injury via inhibiting Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/NOD2 and necroptosis signaling pathways in weaned piglets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, China
| | - Wenshuai Xie
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, China
| | - Wensheng He
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, China
| | - Huiling Zhu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Enshi Se-Run Material Engineering Technology Co., Ltd., Enshi, 445000, China
| | - Qingyu Gao
- Enshi Se-Run Material Engineering Technology Co., Ltd., Enshi, 445000, China
| | - Xin Cong
- Enshi Se-Run Material Engineering Technology Co., Ltd., Enshi, 445000, China
| | - Shuiyuan Cheng
- National R&D Center for Se-rich Agricultural Products Processing, School of Modern Industry for Selenium Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, China
| | - Yulan Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, China.
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8
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Zhou B, Liu P, Yao X, Cao H, Zhu H, Wang Q, Liu Y, Fang M, Wu Y, Gong Z. Hepatoprotective effects of peach gum polysaccharides against alcoholic liver injury: moderation of oxidative stress and promotion of lipid metabolism. Front Nutr 2024; 10:1325450. [PMID: 38283909 PMCID: PMC10811791 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1325450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Natural polysaccharides extracted from plants have received increasing attention due to their rich bioactivity. In our study, peach gum polysaccharides (PGPs) were extracted by water extraction-alcohol precipitation method. PGPs are typical pyranose polysaccharides with a mean molecular weight of 3.68 × 106 g/mol. The antioxidant activity and hepatoprotective capacity of PGPs were studied. In vitro, assays showed that PGPs scavenged DPPH, OH, and O2- in a dose-dependent manner. PGPs exhibited antioxidative properties against alcohol-induced HL7702 cells, as evidenced by the normalization of MDA, SOD, ROS, and GSH levels. To further elucidate the hepatoprotective mechanism of PGPs, we carried out in vivo experiments in male mice. PGPs exerted hepatoprotective effects in alcohol liver disease (ALD) mice by exerting antioxidant effects, decreasing the inflammatory response and modulating lipid metabolism. In addition, metabolomic analysis indicated that PGPs mainly regulate D-glutamine and D-glutamate metabolism, alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism, and arginine biosynthesis to promote hepatic metabolism and maintain body functions. Overall, this study revealed that the hepatoprotective mechanism of PGPs against ALD might be associated with the regulation of oxidative stress and lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingjie Zhou
- Hubei Key Laboratory for Processing and Transformation of Agricultural Products, Key Laboratory for Deep Processing of Major Grain and Oil (The Chinese Ministry of Education), Food Safety Research Center for Key Research Institute of Humanities and Social Sciences of Hubei Province, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
| | - Pinpin Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory for Processing and Transformation of Agricultural Products, Key Laboratory for Deep Processing of Major Grain and Oil (The Chinese Ministry of Education), Food Safety Research Center for Key Research Institute of Humanities and Social Sciences of Hubei Province, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiangao Yao
- Hubei Key Laboratory for Processing and Transformation of Agricultural Products, Key Laboratory for Deep Processing of Major Grain and Oil (The Chinese Ministry of Education), Food Safety Research Center for Key Research Institute of Humanities and Social Sciences of Hubei Province, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
| | - Huijie Cao
- Suizhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hubei Province, China
| | - Hang Zhu
- Hubei Key Laboratory for Processing and Transformation of Agricultural Products, Key Laboratory for Deep Processing of Major Grain and Oil (The Chinese Ministry of Education), Food Safety Research Center for Key Research Institute of Humanities and Social Sciences of Hubei Province, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qiao Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory for Processing and Transformation of Agricultural Products, Key Laboratory for Deep Processing of Major Grain and Oil (The Chinese Ministry of Education), Food Safety Research Center for Key Research Institute of Humanities and Social Sciences of Hubei Province, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory for Processing and Transformation of Agricultural Products, Key Laboratory for Deep Processing of Major Grain and Oil (The Chinese Ministry of Education), Food Safety Research Center for Key Research Institute of Humanities and Social Sciences of Hubei Province, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
| | - Min Fang
- Hubei Key Laboratory for Processing and Transformation of Agricultural Products, Key Laboratory for Deep Processing of Major Grain and Oil (The Chinese Ministry of Education), Food Safety Research Center for Key Research Institute of Humanities and Social Sciences of Hubei Province, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yongning Wu
- Hubei Key Laboratory for Processing and Transformation of Agricultural Products, Key Laboratory for Deep Processing of Major Grain and Oil (The Chinese Ministry of Education), Food Safety Research Center for Key Research Institute of Humanities and Social Sciences of Hubei Province, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Food Safety Research Unit (2019RU014) of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiyong Gong
- Hubei Key Laboratory for Processing and Transformation of Agricultural Products, Key Laboratory for Deep Processing of Major Grain and Oil (The Chinese Ministry of Education), Food Safety Research Center for Key Research Institute of Humanities and Social Sciences of Hubei Province, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
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9
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Wu C, Zhang W, Yan F, Dai W, Fang F, Gao Y, Cui W. Amelioration effects of the soybean lecithin-gallic acid complex on iron-overload-induced oxidative stress and liver damage in C57BL/6J mice. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2023; 61:37-49. [PMID: 36573499 PMCID: PMC9809354 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2022.2151632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Gallic acid (GA) and lecithin showed important roles in antioxidant and drug delivery, respectively. A complex synthesized from GA and soybean lecithin (SL-GAC), significantly improved bioavailability of GA and pharmacological activities. However, the antioxidant activity of SL-GAC and its effect on iron-overload-induced liver injury remains unexplored. OBJECTIVE This study investigates the antioxidant properties of SL-GAC in vitro and in mice, and its remediating effects against liver injury by iron-overloaded. MATERIALS AND METHODS In vitro, free radical scavenging activity, lipid peroxidation inhibition, and ferric reducing power of SL-GAC were measured by absorbance photometry. In vivo, C57BL/6J mice were randomized into 4 groups: control, iron-overloaded, iron-overloaded + deferoxamine, and iron-overloaded + SL-GAC. Treatments with deferoxamine (150 mg/kg/intraperitioneally) and SL-GAC (200 mg/kg/orally) were given to the desired groups for 12 weeks, daily. Iron levels, oxidative stress, and biochemical parameters were determined by histopathological examination and molecular biological techniques. RESULTS In vitro, SL-GAC showed DPPH and ABTS free radicals scavenging activity with IC50 values equal to 24.92 and 128.36 μg/mL, respectively. In C57BL/6J mice, SL-GAC significantly reduced the levels of serum iron (22.82%), liver iron (50.29%), aspartate transaminase (25.97%), alanine transaminase (38.07%), gamma glutamyl transferase (42.11%), malondialdehyde (19.82%), total cholesterol (45.96%), triglyceride (34.90%), ferritin light chain (18.51%) and transferrin receptor (27.39%), while up-regulated the levels of superoxide dismutase (24.69%), and glutathione (11.91%). CONCLUSIONS These findings encourage the use of SL-GAC to treat liver injury induced by iron-overloaded. Further in vivo and in vitro studies are needed to validate its potential in clinical medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caihong Wu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Wenxin Zhang
- Department of Pathogenobiology, Jilin University Mycology Research Center, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Feifei Yan
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Wenwen Dai
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Fang Fang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yanli Gao
- Department of Pediatric Ultrosonic, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Weiwei Cui
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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10
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Aparicio A, Sun Z, Gold DR, Litonjua AA, Weiss ST, Lee-Sarwar K, Liu YY. Genotype-microbiome-metabolome associations in early childhood, and their link to BMI and childhood obesity. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2023:2023.11.13.23298467. [PMID: 38014043 PMCID: PMC10680902 DOI: 10.1101/2023.11.13.23298467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
The influence of genotype on defining the human gut microbiome has been extensively studied, but definite conclusions have not yet been found. To fill this knowledge gap, we leverage data from children enrolled in the Vitamin D Antenatal Asthma Reduction Trial (VDAART) from 6 months to 8 years old. We focus on a pool of 12 genes previously found to be associated with the gut microbiome in independent studies, establishing a Bonferroni corrected significance level of p-value < 2.29 × 10 -6 . We identified significant associations between SNPs in the FHIT gene (known to be associated with obesity and type 2 diabetes) and obesity-related microbiome features, and the children's BMI through their childhood. Based on these associations, we defined a set of SNPs of interest and a set of taxa of interest. Taking a multi-omics approach, we integrated plasma metabolome data into our analysis and found simultaneous associations among children's BMI, the SNPs of interest, and the taxa of interest, involving amino acids, lipids, nucleotides, and xenobiotics. Using our association results, we constructed a quadripartite graph where each disjoint node set represents SNPs in the FHIT gene, microbial taxa, plasma metabolites, or BMI measurements. Network analysis led to the discovery of patterns that identify several genetic variants, microbial taxa and metabolites as new potential markers for obesity, type 2 diabetes, or insulin resistance risk.
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11
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Yang Z, Zhang L, Liu J, Chan ASC, Li D. Saponins of Tomato Extract Improve Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease by Regulating Oxidative Stress and Lipid Homeostasis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1848. [PMID: 37891927 PMCID: PMC10604231 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12101848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study investigated the impact of saponins of tomato extract (STE) on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The findings demonstrated that introducing STE in NAFLD mice revealed promising results in ameliorating symptoms of oxidative stress, lipid metabolism disorders, visceral fat deposition and fatty liver disease. Moreover, the mechanistic studies have demonstrated that STE delivers its effects by activating adenosine 5'-monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK), thereby suppressing downstream protein expression associated with fatty acid synthesis. In such conditions, lipid metabolism can be improved. Simultaneously, STE enhanced nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and entry into the nucleus and initiated the transcription of downstream antioxidant factors, thereby relieving oxidative stress induced by a high-fat diet and lowering oxidative damage to the liver. Such results imply that the administration of STE can be regarded as a viable treatment option for NAFLD, providing a mechanism that can regulate the AMPK and Nrf2 signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziming Yang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Phytochemicals and Sustainable Utilization, Guangxi Institute of Botany, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guilin 541006, China; (L.Z.); (J.L.); (D.L.)
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Phytochemicals and Sustainable Utilization, Guangxi Institute of Botany, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guilin 541006, China; (L.Z.); (J.L.); (D.L.)
| | - Jinlei Liu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Phytochemicals and Sustainable Utilization, Guangxi Institute of Botany, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guilin 541006, China; (L.Z.); (J.L.); (D.L.)
| | - Albert S. C. Chan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Dianpeng Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Phytochemicals and Sustainable Utilization, Guangxi Institute of Botany, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guilin 541006, China; (L.Z.); (J.L.); (D.L.)
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12
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Erdem Koc G, Gokcimen A, Sahin F. The Effect of Boric Acid and Sodium Pentaborate Pentahydrate-Treated Foreskin Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Liver Fibrosis. Biol Trace Elem Res 2023; 201:4834-4849. [PMID: 36735212 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03565-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Liver fibrosis is a worldwide public health problem due to its life-threatening complications, including portal hypertension, liver failure, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Liver fibrosis is the net result of a complex excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM). Activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) are the cause of deposition of ECM and are commonly recognized as a key step in liver fibrosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of foreskin-derived mesenchymal stem cells treated with boron compounds on liver fibrosis. Rats were injected intraperitoneally with thioacetamide (TAA) at a dose of 150 mg/kg except sham and control groups' rats. Thioacetamide (TAA), foreskin-derived mesenchymal stem cells (TAA + FSDMSC), FSDMSC treated with boric acid (TAA + FSDMSC + BA), FSDMSC treated with sodium pentaborate pentahydrate (TAA + FSDMSC + NaB), control and sham groups were studied. Boron compound treated foreskin-derived mesenchymal stem cells were injected into the tail vein, and evaluations were conducted after 4 weeks and liver tissues were obtained for structural, immunohistochemical, and western blot studies and blood samples were taken for biochemical analysis. FSDMSC (BA) alleviates TAA-induced rats liver fibrosis, and BA showed a positive effect on foreskin-derived mesenchymal stem cells viability. After using BA-treated mesenchymal stem cells, we observed that there was regression in the fibrotic areas at TAA-induced liver fibrosis. The result demonstrates that the contribution of TAA + FSDMSC and TAA + FSDMSC (NaB) at the level of structure is not effective in regression of fibrosis in TAA-generated liver fibrosis. We concluded that FSDMSC treated with BA may be a factor in the regression of fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guluna Erdem Koc
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Turkey.
| | - Alpaslan Gokcimen
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Aydın Adnan Menderes University, Aydın, Turkey
| | - Fikrettin Sahin
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
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13
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Alshuweishi Y, Alfaifi M, Almoghrabi Y, Alfhili MA. AST and ALT APRI Scores and Dysglycemia in Saudi Arabia: A Retrospective Population Study. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1881. [PMID: 37763285 PMCID: PMC10533151 DOI: 10.3390/life13091881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hyperglycemia is a common symptom of numerous conditions, most notably diabetes mellitus and Cushing's syndrome, and the liver plays a pivotal role in the regulation of glucose metabolism. The AST-platelet ratio index (AST APRI score) and ALT-platelet ratio index (ALT APRI score) are novel parameters whose association with circulating glucose levels remains poorly studied. METHODS Laboratory data of 14,177 subjects were retrospectively analyzed for the association between AST and ALT APRI scores and fasting blood glucose (FBG) using the Mann-Whitney U and Kruskal-Wallis tests, Spearman's rank correlation coefficient, prevalence and odds ratio (OR) and ROC curve analysis. RESULTS AST and ALT APRI scores showed progressive increases with FBG, and the mean FBG was significantly higher in subjects with high AST (104.9 ± 0.33 to 120.8 ± 3.27, p < 0.0001) and ALT (104.7 ± 0.34 to 111.6 ± 1.30, p < 0.0001) APRI scores. However, the AST APRI score but not the ALT APRI score was affected by age and gender. Notably, both elevated AST and ALT APRI scores were more prevalent in hyperglycemic subjects irrespective of gender and were associated with FBG, albeit through mediator variables. Increased AST (OR = 2.55, 95% CI: 1.46-2.06, p < 0.0001) and ALT (OR = 1.73, 95% CI: 1.46-2.06, p < 0.0001) APRI scores carried a significantly higher risk for hyperglycemia. Importantly, the ALT APRI score was superior to that of the AST APRI score in distinguishing hyperglycemic subjects. CONCLUSIONS The AST and ALT APRI scores are inexpensive, novel markers of FBG and may serve as supportive evidence in the diagnosis and management of hyperglycemic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yazeed Alshuweishi
- Chair of Medical and Molecular Genetics Research, Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 12372, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohammed Alfaifi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Yousef Almoghrabi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Al Borg Diagnostics, Jeddah 23226, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad A. Alfhili
- Chair of Medical and Molecular Genetics Research, Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 12372, Saudi Arabia;
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14
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Lai Z, Liu Y, Huang M, Li L, Li Z, Su J, Pan G, Li B, Gao S, Yu C. Associations Between Atherosclerosis and Elevated Serum Alkaline Phosphatase in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease in an Inflammatory State. Heart Lung Circ 2023; 32:1096-1106. [PMID: 37550157 DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2023.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) has been shown to be associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Inflammation is the initiator of atherosclerosis, throughout the life of atherosclerosis. This study investigated the relationship between serum ALP and atherosclerosis in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) in an inflammatory state. METHODS This was a multicentre retrospective study including 22,989 patients with CAD. Serum alkaline phosphatase was converted into the quartiles. C-reactive protein (CRP) was assayed as a marker of systemic inflammation. The atherosclerosis index (AI) was used to assess the degree of atherosclerosis. Binary logistic regression was used to analyse the relationship between ALP and AI. Stratified analysis was performed according to sex and age. RESULTS Elevated serum ALP was associated with the risk of atherosclerosis in patients with CAD, and after quartiling ALP, the OR for Q4 was 1.17 (95% CI 1.08-1.26; p<0.001) when using Q1 as reference. The odds ratio (OR) for ALP and risk of atherosclerosis was higher in patients aged ≤60 years (OR 1.33, 95% CI 1.15-1.53; p<0.001) than in patients aged >60 years (OR 1.11, 95% CI 1.01-1.23; p<0.05), and higher in males (OR 1.21, 95% CI 1.09-1.35; p<0.001) than in females (OR 1.16, 95% CI 1.03-1.31; p<0.05). Q4 (ALP >83.00 U/L) was significantly associated with increased risk of atherosclerosis in the inflammatory state (OR 1.48, 95% CI 1.18-1.86; p<0.001), and it remained after stratified analysis according to sex and age. CONCLUSIONS The risk of atherosclerosis tended to increase with increasing ALP levels and the correlation between ALP and the degree of atherosclerosis was significantly stronger when ALP was >83.00 U/L. This relationship was more pronounced in inflammatory states, and there were sex and age differences. REGISTRATION URL: https://www. CLINICALTRIALS gov; Unique identifier: NCT04026724.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziqin Lai
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yijia Liu
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Mengnan Huang
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Lin Li
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhu Li
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Jinyu Su
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Guangwei Pan
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Bin Li
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.
| | - Shan Gao
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.
| | - Chunquan Yu
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.
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15
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Lai Z, Li Z, Huang M, Wang Y, Li L, Liu F, Yang T, Liu Y, Xu Q, Gao S, Yu C. Associations Between GGT/ALT Ratio and Carotid Plaque in Inpatients With Coronary Artery Disease: A RCSCD-TCM Study. Angiology 2023:33197231197441. [PMID: 37632145 DOI: 10.1177/00033197231197441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the relationship between gamma-glutamyltransferase/alanine aminotransferase (GGT/ALT) ratio and carotid plaques in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). This multicenter retrospective study included 8,255 patients with CAD who were divided according to GGT/ALT quartiles: Q1 (GGT/ALT ≤ 1.00), Q2 (1.00 < GGT/ALT ≤ 1.41), Q3 (1.41 < GGT/ALT ≤ 2.05), and Q4 (GGT/ALT > 2.05). Logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between GGT/ALT, carotid plaques, and carotid plaque echogenicity. GGT/ALT ratio (odds ratio [OR]: 1.16; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.11-1.21; P < .001) was significantly associated with carotid plaque risk. The degree of relevance was higher in men (OR: 1.71; 95% CI: 1.35-2.15; P < .001) than in women (OR: 1.56; 95% CI: 1.28-1.91; P < .001). The ORs value of carotid plaque risk was higher in middle-aged patients (OR: 2.23; 95% CI: 1.78-2.80; P < .001) than in older patients (OR: 1.77; 95% CI: 1.44-2.18; P < .001). The GGT/ALT ratio was significantly associated with different carotid plaque echogenicity, and the highest OR values were for isoechoic plaques (OR: 1.18; 95% CI: 1.12-1.24; P < .001). These findings suggest that the GGT/ALT ratio might be associated with a high risk of developing carotid plaques and different types of plaque echoes and was more significantly associated with isoechoic plaques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziqin Lai
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tuanbo New Town, China
| | - Zhu Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Binjiang District, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mengnan Huang
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tuanbo New Town, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tuanbo New Town, China
| | - Lin Li
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tuanbo New Town, China
| | - Fanfan Liu
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tuanbo New Town, China
| | - Tong Yang
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tuanbo New Town, China
| | - Yijia Liu
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tuanbo New Town, China
| | - Qiang Xu
- Second Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of TCM, Tianjin, China
| | - Shan Gao
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tuanbo New Town, China
| | - Chunquan Yu
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tuanbo New Town, China
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16
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Wang Y, Cheng C, Zhao T, Cao J, Liu Y, Wang Y, Zhou W, Cheng G. Phytochemicals from Anneslea fragrans Wall. and Their Hepatoprotective and Anti-Inflammatory Activities. Molecules 2023; 28:5480. [PMID: 37513352 PMCID: PMC10384535 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28145480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Anneslea fragrans Wall., popularly known as "Pangpo tea", is an edible, medicinal, and ornamental plant of the Family Theaceae. The leaves of A. fragrans were historically applied for the treatment of liver and intestinal inflammatory diseases in China. This study aimed to explore the hepatoprotective agents from A. fragrans leaves through hepatoprotective and anti-inflammatory assessment. The phytochemical investigation of the leaves of A. fragrans resulted in the isolation and identification of a total of 18 chemical compounds, including triterpenoids, aliphatic alcohol, dihydrochalcones, chalcones, flavanols, phenolic glycoside, and lignans. Compounds 1-2, 4-6, 11-12, and 16-18 were identified from A. fragrans for the first time. Compounds 7 and 14 could significantly alleviate hepatocellular damage by decreasing the contents of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and inhibit the hepatocellular apoptosis in the HepG2 cells induced by N-acetyl-p-aminophenol (APAP). In addition, compounds 7 and 14 inhibited reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents and increased the catalase (CAT) superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione (GSH) levels for suppressing APAP-induced oxidative stress. Additionally, compounds 7, 13, and 14 also had significant anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) productions on LPS-induced RAW246.7 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Changshu Cheng
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Tianrui Zhao
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Jianxin Cao
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Yaping Liu
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Yudan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicinal Resources, State Ethnic Affairs Commission and Ministry of Education, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Wenbing Zhou
- Yunnan Tobacco Company, Yuxi Branch, Yuxi 653100, China
| | - Guiguang Cheng
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
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Abstract
The medical disorders of alcoholism rank among the leading public health problems worldwide and the need for predictive and prognostic risk markers for assessing alcohol use disorders (AUD) has been widely acknowledged. Early-phase detection of problem drinking and associated tissue toxicity are important prerequisites for timely initiations of appropriate treatments and improving patient's committing to the objective of reducing drinking. Recent advances in clinical chemistry have provided novel approaches for a specific detection of heavy drinking through assays of unique ethanol metabolites, phosphatidylethanol (PEth) or ethyl glucuronide (EtG). Carbohydrate-deficient transferrin (CDT) measurements can be used to indicate severe alcohol problems. Hazardous drinking frequently manifests as heavy episodic drinking or in combinations with other unfavorable lifestyle factors, such as smoking, physical inactivity, poor diet or adiposity, which aggravate the metabolic consequences of alcohol intake in a supra-additive manner. Such interactions are also reflected in multiple disease outcomes and distinct abnormalities in biomarkers of liver function, inflammation and oxidative stress. Use of predictive biomarkers either alone or as part of specifically designed biological algorithms helps to predict both hepatic and extrahepatic morbidity in individuals with such risk factors. Novel approaches for assessing progression of fibrosis, a major determinant of prognosis in AUD, have also been made available. Predictive algorithms based on the combined use of biomarkers and clinical observations may prove to have a major impact on clinical decisions to detect AUD in early pre-symptomatic stages, stratify patients according to their substantially different disease risks and predict individual responses to treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Onni Niemelä
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Research Unit, Seinäjoki Central Hospital and Tampere University, Seinäjoki, Finland.
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18
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Pan L, Sui J, Xu Y, Zhao Q. Effect of Nut Consumption on Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15102394. [PMID: 37242277 DOI: 10.3390/nu15102394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Although previous epidemiological studies have been conducted to investigate the relationship between nut consumption and the risk of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), the evidence remains inconclusive and contentious. The aim of our study was to further conduct a meta-analysis of observational studies to explore the latest evidence of the influence of nut consumption on NAFLD. This meta-analysis included a comprehensive search of all articles published in the PubMed and Web of Science online databases as of April 2023. A total of 11 articles were included, comprising 2 prospective cohort studies, 3 cross-sectional studies, and 7 case-control studies, and a random effects model was used to evaluate the relationship between nuts and NAFLD. Results showed that the odds ratio (OR) of NAFLD was 0.90 (95% CI: 0.81-0.99, p < 0.001) when comparing the highest and lowest total nut intake, indicating a significant negative correlation. Furthermore, subgroup analysis revealed that the protective effect of nuts on NAFLD was more significant in females (OR = 0.88; 95% CI: 0.78-0.98, I2 = 76.2%). In summary, our findings provide support for a protective relationship between nut intake and risk of NAFLD. Further exploration of the association between other dietary components and NAFLD is an important avenue for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Pan
- Research Institute for Environment and Health, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
| | - Jing Sui
- Research Institute for Environment and Health, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Ying Xu
- Research Institute for Environment and Health, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
| | - Qun Zhao
- Research Institute for Environment and Health, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
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Genetic and Environmental Influences on Serum Alanine Aminotransferase Level: A Chinese Twin Study. Twin Res Hum Genet 2023:1-5. [PMID: 36852647 DOI: 10.1017/thg.2023.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
An abnormal alanine aminotransferase (ALT) level is predictive of disease and all-cause mortality and may indicate liver injury. Using twin modeling, the genetic and environmental factors that affect human serum ALT levels have been well studied for the populations in the different countries, and the results showed moderate-to-high heritability. However, the heritability of ALT level has not been explored in Chinese population. Thus, we recruited 369 pairs of twins (233 monozygotic and 136 dizygotic) from the Qingdao Twin Registry in China with a median age of 50 years (40-80 years). Correlation analysis and a structural equation model (SEM) were conducted to evaluate the heritability of ALT level. The data for age, gender, body mass index and alcohol consumption were set as covariates. Intrapair correlation in monozygotic twins was 0.64 (95%CI [.56, .71]) and 0.42 (95% CI [.28, .55]) in dizygotic twins. The SEM analysis indicated that 65% (95% CI [57%, 71%]) of the variation in ALT levels can be explained by additive genetics and 35% (95% CI [29%, 44%]) of the variation is attributed to unique environmental factors or residuals. Shared environmental influences were not significant. In conclusion, serum ALT variations exhibited strong genetic effects. The variation could also be explained by unique environmental factors. However, shared environmental factors have a minor impact on the serum ALT level.
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Soremekun C, Machipisa T, Soremekun O, Pirie F, Oyekanmi N, Motala AA, Chikowore T, Fatumo S. Multivariate GWAS analysis reveals loci associated with liver functions in continental African populations. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0280344. [PMID: 36809439 PMCID: PMC9942994 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0280344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Liver disease is any condition that causes liver damage and inflammation and may likely affect the function of the liver. Vital biochemical screening tools that can be used to evaluate the health of the liver and help diagnose, prevent, monitor, and control the development of liver disease are known as liver function tests (LFT). LFTs are performed to estimate the level of liver biomarkers in the blood. Several factors are associated with differences in concentration levels of LFTs in individuals, such as genetic and environmental factors. The aim of our study was to identify genetic loci associated with liver biomarker levels with a shared genetic basis in continental Africans, using a multivariate genome-wide association study (GWAS) approach. METHODS We used two distinct African populations, the Ugandan Genome Resource (UGR = 6,407) and South African Zulu cohort (SZC = 2,598). The six LFTs used in our analysis were: aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), total bilirubin, and albumin. A multivariate GWAS of LFTs was conducted using the exact linear mixed model (mvLMM) approach implemented in GEMMA and the resulting P-values were presented in Manhattan and quantile-quantile (QQ) plots. First, we attempted to replicate the findings of the UGR cohort in SZC. Secondly, given that the genetic architecture of UGR is different from that of SZC, we further undertook similar analysis in the SZC and discussed the results separately. RESULTS A total of 59 SNPs reached genome-wide significance (P = 5x10-8) in the UGR cohort and with 13 SNPs successfully replicated in SZC. These included a novel lead SNP near the RHPN1 locus (lead SNP rs374279268, P-value = 4.79x10-9, Effect Allele Frequency (EAF) = 0.989) and a lead SNP at the RGS11 locus (lead SNP rs148110594, P-value = 2.34x10-8, EAF = 0.928). 17 SNPs were significant in the SZC, while all the SNPs fall within a signal on chromosome 2, rs1976391 mapped to UGT1A was identified as the lead SNP within this region. CONCLUSIONS Using multivariate GWAS method improves the power to detect novel genotype-phenotype associations for liver functions not found with the standard univariate GWAS in the same dataset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chisom Soremekun
- The African Computational Genomics (TACG) Research Group, MRC/UVRI, and LSHTM, Entebbe, Uganda
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Biology, College of Health Science, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
- H3Africa Bioinformatics Network (H3ABioNet) Node, Centre for Genomics Research and Innovation, NABDA/FMST, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Tafadzwa Machipisa
- Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town and Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa
- Department of Medicine, Hatter Institute for Cardiovascular Diseases Research in Africa and Cape Heart Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Population Health Research Institute, David Braley Cardiac, Vascular and Stroke Research Institute, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute, David Braley Cardiac, Vascular and Stroke Research Institute, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Opeyemi Soremekun
- The African Computational Genomics (TACG) Research Group, MRC/UVRI, and LSHTM, Entebbe, Uganda
- Molecular Bio-Computation and Drug Design Laboratory, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban, South Africa
| | - Fraser Pirie
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Nashiru Oyekanmi
- H3Africa Bioinformatics Network (H3ABioNet) Node, Centre for Genomics Research and Innovation, NABDA/FMST, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Ayesha A. Motala
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Tinashe Chikowore
- Sydney Brenner Institute for Molecular Bioscience, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
- Department of Pediatrics, MRC/Wits Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Segun Fatumo
- The African Computational Genomics (TACG) Research Group, MRC/UVRI, and LSHTM, Entebbe, Uganda
- H3Africa Bioinformatics Network (H3ABioNet) Node, Centre for Genomics Research and Innovation, NABDA/FMST, Abuja, Nigeria
- Department of Non-Communicable Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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Li R, Zhan W, Ren J, Gao X, Huang X, Ma Y. Associations between organophosphate esters concentrations and markers of liver function in US adolescents aged 12-19 years: A mixture analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 314:120255. [PMID: 36155224 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Liver disease has become a growing health burden, and little is known about the impairment of liver function caused by exposure to organophosphate esters (OPEs) in adolescents aged 12-19 years in the United States. To investigate the relationship between urinary metabolites of OPEs including diphenyl phosphate (DPHP), bis(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate (BDCPP), bis(1-chloroethyl) phosphate (BCPP), bis(2-chloroethyl) phosphate (BCEP), and dibutyl phosphate (DBUP) and liver function in US adolescents aged 12-19 years. Liver function tests (LFTs) include aspartate aminotransferase (AST), albumin (ALB), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), total bilirubin (TBIL), total protein (TP), and AST/ALT. Meanwhile, potential confounding and interaction effects were assessed. The study sample included 592 adolescents aged 12-19 from two consecutive NHANES cycles (2011-2012, 2013-2014). A composite statistical strategy combining traditional linear regression with advanced multi-pollutant models quantile based g-computation (QGC) and eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) regression was used to analyze the joint effects of multiple OPEs on liver function indicators, and to describe the interaction between different OPEs in detail. 592 adolescent participants were 15 (14-17) years old, with similar numbers of males and females (304 vs. 288). The analysis results showed that (1) in the linear regression model, individual DPHP, BCEP exposure and ALP changes, BCEP and AST/ALT changes were positively associated. DPHP, BDCPP were negatively associated with TP changes. (2) The combined effects of various OPEs on ALB, ALT, ALP, GGT, TBIL, TP, and AST/ALT were statistically significant. (3) There is no potential interaction between different OPEs. Several OPEs and their combinations are closely related to the 8 LFT indicators. In addition, data suggest that exposure to OPEs in adolescents may be associated with liver damage. Due to limited evidence in the literature and potential limitations of the current study, our findings require more studies to confirm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiqiang Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Wenqiang Zhan
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, PR China
| | - Jingyi Ren
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xian Gao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xin Huang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yuxia Ma
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Shijiazhuang, China.
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Pan M, Liu D, Liu J, Li X, Huang D, Luo K, Liu Y, Wu Z, Zhang W, Mai K. Biotin alleviates hepatic and intestinal inflammation and apoptosis induced by high dietary carbohydrate in juvenile turbot (Scophthalmus maximus L.). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 130:560-571. [PMID: 35944760 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.07.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Excessive dietary carbohydrate commonly impairs the functions of liver and intestine in carnivorous fish. In the present study, a 10-week feeding trial was carried out to explore the regulation of biotin on the hepatic and intestinal inflammation and apoptosis in turbot (Scophthalmus maximus L.) fed with high carbohydrate diets. Three isonitrogenous and isolipidic experimental diets were designed as follows: the CC diet with 18.6% of carbohydrate and 0.04 mg/kg of biotin, the HC diet with 26.9% of carbohydrate and 0.05 mg/kg of biotin, and the HCB diet with 26.9% of carbohydrate and 1.62 mg/kg of biotin. Results showed that high dietary carbohydrate (HC diet) impaired the morphology of liver and intestine, however, inclusion of dietary biotin (HCB diet) normalized their morphology. Inflammation-related gene expression of nuclear factor κB p65 (nf-κb p65), tumor necrosis factor α (tnf-α), interleukin-1β (il-1β), il-6 and il-8, and the protein expression of NF-κB p65 in the liver and intestine were significantly up-regulated in the HC group compared to those in the CC group (P < 0.05), the HCB diet decreased their expression compared to the HC group (P < 0.05). The gene expression of il-10 and transforming growth factor-β (tgf-β) in the liver and intestine were significantly decreased in the HC group compared to the CC group (P < 0.05), and inclusion of dietary biotin increased the il-10 and tgf-β expression in the liver and intestine (P < 0.05). Moreover, compared to the CC group, the HC group had a stronger degree of DNA fragmentation and more TUNEL-positive cells in the liver and intestine, and the HCB group had a slighter degree of DNA fragmentation and fewer TUNEL-positive cells compared to the HC group. Meanwhile, the gene expression of B-cell lymphoma protein-2-associated X protein (bax) and executor apoptosis-related cysteine peptidase 3 (caspase-3) were significantly up-regulated and the gene expression of B-cell lymphoma-2 (bcl-2) was significantly down-regulated both in the liver and intestine in the HC group compared with those in the CC group (P < 0.05). Inclusion of dietary biotin significantly decreased the bax and caspase-3 mRNA levels and increased bcl-2 mRNA level in the liver and intestine (P < 0.05). In conclusion, high dietary carbohydrate (26.9% vs 18.6%) induced inflammation and apoptosis in liver and intestine. Supplementation of biotin (1.62 mg/kg vs 0.05 mg/kg) in diet can alleviate the high-dietary-carbohydrate-induced hepatic and intestinal inflammation as well as inhibit apoptosis in turbot. The present study provides basic data for the application of biotin into feed, especially the high-carbohydrate feed for turbot.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingzhu Pan
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), The Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feeds (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Fisheries College, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Danni Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), The Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feeds (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Fisheries College, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China; Liaoning Ocean and Fisheries Science Research Institute, Dalian, Liaoning, 116023, China
| | - Jiahuan Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), The Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feeds (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Fisheries College, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Xinxin Li
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), The Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feeds (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Fisheries College, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Dong Huang
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), The Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feeds (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Fisheries College, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Kai Luo
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), The Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feeds (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Fisheries College, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Yue Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), The Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feeds (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Fisheries College, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Zhenhua Wu
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), The Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feeds (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Fisheries College, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Wenbing Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), The Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feeds (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Fisheries College, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Wen Hai Road, Qingdao, 266237, China.
| | - Kangsen Mai
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), The Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feeds (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Fisheries College, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Wen Hai Road, Qingdao, 266237, China
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Zeng L, Liu J, Zhang T, Liu Y, Liao L, Chen X, Dong S. Study on the protective mechanism of dexmedetomidine on the liver of perioperative diabetic patients: A randomized controlled trial. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e30899. [PMID: 36254014 PMCID: PMC9575753 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000030899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although several studies have reported that dexmedetomidine is a highly selective α2-adrenergic receptor agonist that protects liver function in perioperative patients by inhibiting oxidative stress (OS) and inflammatory response, patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have not been included in the previous studies. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of perioperative low-dose dexmedetomidine on perioperative liver function in T2DM patients. METHODS This was a single-center, placebo-controlled randomized trial. Fifty-four T2DM patients scheduled for debridement of lower extremity ulcers were included in this study and randomly divided into 2 groups (n = 27 per group): the dexmedetomidine group (DEX group) and the control group (CON group). Continuous intravenous infusion of dexmedetomidine (DEX group) or normal saline (CON group) was administered from the completion of monitoring to the end of surgery. All participants received femoral and sciatic nerve block with 0.33% ropivacaine. The main result was the activity of liver enzymes (AST, ALT) reflecting liver function. The secondary results included variables reflecting blood glucose (Glu), blood lipids (TG, HDL, LDL, total cholesterol), biomarkers of OS (MDA, SOD), and systemic inflammatory response (TNF-α, IL-6). RESULTS Compared with CON group, DEX group exhibited a reduction in hemodynamic parameters, Glu, systemic inflammatory response, and liver injury indicators. OS response MDA activity was lower in DEX group than in CON group, while SOD was higher than that in CON group. The variables reflecting lipid metabolism function showed no differences between the groups. CONCLUSION SUBSECTIONS Dexmedetomidine administered perioperatively can reduce Glu levels and protect the liver by attenuating OS injury and inflammatory response in T2DM patients without any potential risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zeng
- Shifang People’s Hospital, Shifang, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Juan Liu
- Clinical Medical College and The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Tianyao Zhang
- Clinical Medical College and The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Yusong Liu
- Shifang People’s Hospital, Shifang, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Lumiu Liao
- Clinical Medical College and The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuelian Chen
- Clinical Medical College and The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Shuhua Dong
- Clinical Medical College and The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
- * Correspondence: Shuhua Dong, Department of Anesthesiology, Clinical Medical College and The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610500, China (e-mail: dong. )
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Maksymchuk O, Shysh A, Stroy D. Treatment with omega-3 PUFAs does not increase the risk of CYP2E1-dependent oxidative stress and diabetic liver pathology. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:1004564. [PMID: 36225205 PMCID: PMC9550212 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1004564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
An increase in CYP2E1 expression is a key factor in the development of diabetic oxidative liver damage. Long-term treatment with omega-3 PUFAs, which are CYP2E1 substrates, may affect CYP2E1 expression in the liver. In this work, we performed Western blot analysis, biochemical methods, and microscopic ultrastructural studies of the liver in a streptozotocin-induced rat model of type 1 diabetes to investigate whether long-term treatment with omega-3 PUFAs could induce CYP2E1-dependent oxidative stress and diabetic liver pathology. Significant hyperglycemia and lack of natural weight gain were observed in the diabetic rats compared to non-diabetic controls. A 2.5-fold increase in CYP2E1 expression (protein content and activity) was also observed in the diabetic rats. In addition, signs of oxidative stress were found in the liver of the diabetic rats. A significant increase in transaminases and GGT level in blood serum was also observed, which could indicate marked destruction of liver tissue. Diabetic dyslipidemia (increased triacylglycerol levels and decreased HDL-C levels) was found. Treatment of the diabetic animals with an omega-3-enriched pharmaceutical composition of PUFAs had no effect on CYP2E1 levels but contributed to a two-fold decrease in enzyme activity. The intensity of lipid peroxidation also remained close to the diabetic group. However, at the same time, antioxidant protection was provided by induction of antioxidant enzyme activity. Examination of the liver ultrastructure revealed no characteristic signs of diabetic pathology. However, omega-3 PUFAs did not normalize blood glucose levels and serum lipid profile. Thus, long-term treatment of diabetic rats with omega-3 PUFAs does not increase the risk of CYP2E1-dependent oxidative stress and development of liver pathology but prevents some diabetic ultrastructural damage to hepatocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oksana Maksymchuk
- Department of Molecular Oncogenetics, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Angela Shysh
- Department of General and Molecular Pathophysiology, Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Dmytro Stroy
- Department of General and Molecular Pathophysiology, Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
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Effects of Low Temperature on Antioxidant and Heat Shock Protein Expression Profiles and Transcriptomic Responses in Crayfish ( Cherax destructor). Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11091779. [PMID: 36139854 PMCID: PMC9495765 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11091779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Low temperature is a critical factor restricting the growth and survival of aquatic animals, but research on the mechanism of response to low temperature in Cherax destructor is limited. C. destructor is one of the most important freshwater crustaceans with strong adaptability in Australia, and it has been commercialized gradually in recent years. Here, growth indicators, antioxidant parameters, anti-stress gene expression, and transcriptome sequencing were used on crayfish following 8 weeks of low-temperature acclimation. The results showed that weight gain, length gain, and molting rates decreased as the temperature decreased. The activity of antioxidant enzymes decreased, while the content of antioxidant substances and the expression of anti-stress genes increased. Transcriptome sequencing identified 589 differentially expressed genes, 279 of which were upregulated and 310 downregulated. The gene functions and pathways for endocrine disorders, glucose metabolism, antioxidant defense, and immune responses were identified. In conclusion, although low-temperature acclimation inhibited the basal metabolism and immune ability of crayfish, it also increased the antioxidant substance content and anti-stress-gene expression to protect the organism from low-temperature damage. This study provided molecular insights into the study of low-temperature responses of low-temperature-tolerant crustacean species.
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Michałowska J, Miller-Kasprzak E, Seraszek-Jaros A, Mostowska A, Bogdański P. The Link between Three Single Nucleotide Variants of the GIPR Gene and Metabolic Health. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13091534. [PMID: 36140702 PMCID: PMC9498707 DOI: 10.3390/genes13091534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Single nucleotide variants (SNVs) of the GIPR gene have been associated with BMI and type 2 diabetes (T2D), suggesting the role of the variation in this gene in metabolic health. To increase our understanding of this relationship, we investigated the association of three GIPR SNVs, rs11672660, rs2334255 and rs10423928, with anthropometric measurements, selected metabolic parameters, and the risk of excessive body mass and metabolic syndrome (MS) in the Polish population. Normal-weight subjects (n = 340, control group) and subjects with excessive body mass (n = 600, study group) participated in this study. For all participants, anthropometric measurements and metabolic parameters were collected, and genotyping was performed using the high-resolution melting curve analysis. We did not find a significant association between rs11672660, rs2334255 and rs10423928 variants with the risk of being overweight. Differences in metabolic and anthropometric parameters were found for investigated subgroups. An association between rs11672660 and rs10423928 with MS was identified. Heterozygous CT genotype of rs11672660 and AT genotype of rs10423928 were significantly more frequent in the group with MS (OR = 1.38, 95%CI: 1.03–1.85; p = 0.0304 and OR = 1.4, 95%CI: 1.05–1.87; p = 0.0222, respectively). Moreover, TT genotype of rs10423928 was less frequent in the MS group (OR = 0.72, 95%CI: 0.54–0.95; p = 0.0221).
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Michałowska
- Department of Treatment of Obesity, Metabolic Disorders and Clinical Dietetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland
- Correspondence:
| | - Ewa Miller-Kasprzak
- Department of Treatment of Obesity, Metabolic Disorders and Clinical Dietetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Seraszek-Jaros
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland
| | - Adrianna Mostowska
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland
| | - Paweł Bogdański
- Department of Treatment of Obesity, Metabolic Disorders and Clinical Dietetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland
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Zhang J, Cao W, Zhao H, Guo S, Wang Q, Cheng N, Bai N. Protective Mechanism of Fagopyrum esculentum Moench. Bee Pollen EtOH Extract Against Type II Diabetes in a High-Fat Diet/Streptozocin-Induced C57BL/6J Mice. Front Nutr 2022; 9:925351. [PMID: 35845783 PMCID: PMC9280863 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.925351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Bee pollen is known as a natural nutrient storehouse and plays a key role in many biological processes. Based on the preliminary separation, identification, and characterization of the main active components of Fagopyrum esculentum Moench. bee pollen (FBP), the protective effects of F. esculentum bee pollen extract (FBPE) on high-fat-diet (HFD) and streptozocin (STZ) induced type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM) was evaluated in this study. The results revealed that FBPE contains 10 active compounds mainly including luteolin (9.46 g/kg), resveratrol (5.25 g/kg), kaemferol (3.67 g/kg), etc. The animal experiment results showed that FBPE could improve HFD-STZ induced T2DM mice. Moreover, the underlying mechanism of the above results could be: (i) FBPE could reduce the inflammation related to phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/AKT) signaling pathway, and (ii) the gut microbiota remodeling. The results of correlation analysis showed Candidatus Arthromitus and SMB53 indicated positive correlations to tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α); Coprococcus, Ruminocossus, and Odoribacteraceae reported negative correlations to transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β). That FBPE has an outstanding ability to improve T2DM and could be used as a kind of potential functional food for the prevention of T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinjin Zhang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wei Cao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
- Bee Product Research Center of Shaanxi, Xi'an, China
- *Correspondence: Wei Cao
| | - Haoan Zhao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Sen Guo
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Shaanxi Institute for Food and Drug Control, Xi'an, China
| | - Ni Cheng
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
- Bee Product Research Center of Shaanxi, Xi'an, China
| | - Naisheng Bai
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
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Fé LXSGM, Cipolatti EP, Pinto MCC, Branco S, Nogueira FCS, Ortiz GMD, Pinheiro ADS, Manoel EA. Enzymes in the time of COVID-19: An overview about the effects in the human body, enzyme market, and perspectives for new drugs. Med Res Rev 2022; 42:2126-2167. [PMID: 35762498 PMCID: PMC9350392 DOI: 10.1002/med.21919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The rising pandemic caused by a coronavirus, resulted in a scientific quest to discover some effective treatments against its etiologic agent, the severe acute respiratory syndrome‐coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2). This research represented a significant scientific landmark and resulted in many medical advances. However, efforts to understand the viral mechanism of action and how the human body machinery is subverted during the infection are still ongoing. Herein, we contributed to this field with this compilation of the roles of both viral and human enzymes in the context of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection. In this sense, this overview reports that proteases are vital for the infection to take place: from SARS‐CoV‐2 perspective, the main protease (Mpro) and papain‐like protease (PLpro) are highlighted; from the human body, angiotensin‐converting enzyme‐2, transmembrane serine protease‐2, and cathepsins (CatB/L) are pointed out. In addition, the influence of the virus on other enzymes is reported as the JAK/STAT pathway and the levels of lipase, enzymes from the cholesterol metabolism pathway, amylase, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, and glyceraldehyde 3‐phosphate dehydrogenase are also be disturbed in SARS‐CoV‐2 infection. Finally, this paper discusses the importance of detailed enzymatic studies for future treatments against SARS‐CoV‐2, and how some issues related to the syndrome treatment can create opportunities in the biotechnological market of enzymes and the development of new drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luana Xavier Soares Gomes Moura Fé
- Departamento de Biotecnologia Farmacêutica, Faculdade de Farmácia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde (CCS), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ)-Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Eliane Pereira Cipolatti
- Departamento de Biotecnologia Farmacêutica, Faculdade de Farmácia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde (CCS), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ)-Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Departamento de Engenharia Química, Instituto de Tecnologia, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ), Seropédica, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Martina Costa Cerqueira Pinto
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Centro de Tecnologia (CT), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Chemical Engineering Program, Instituto Alberto Luiz Coimbra de Pós-graduação e Pesquisa de Engenharia (COPPE), Centro de Tecnologia (CT), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Suema Branco
- Biofísica Ambiental, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Centro de Ciências da Saúde (CCS), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Fábio César Sousa Nogueira
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Centro de Tecnologia (CT), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Gisela Maria Dellamora Ortiz
- Departamento de Fármacos e Medicamentos, Faculdade de Farmácia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde (CCS), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ)-Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Anderson de Sá Pinheiro
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Centro de Tecnologia (CT), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Evelin Andrade Manoel
- Departamento de Biotecnologia Farmacêutica, Faculdade de Farmácia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde (CCS), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ)-Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Centro de Tecnologia (CT), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Xu X, Huang A, Guo DZ, Wang YP, Zhang SY, Yan JY, Wang XY, Cao Y, Fan J, Zhou J, Fu XT, Shi YH. Integration of Inflammation-Immune Factors to Build Prognostic Model Predictive of Prognosis and Minimal Residual Disease for Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2022; 12:893268. [PMID: 35756674 PMCID: PMC9213691 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.893268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Tumor recurrence after hepatectomy is high for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and minimal residual disease (MRD) could be the underlying mechanism. A predictive model for recurrence and presence of MRD is needed. Methods Common inflammation-immune factors were reviewed and selected to construct novel models. The model consisting of preoperative aspartate aminotransferase, C-reactive protein, and lymphocyte count, named ACLR, was selected and evaluated for clinical significance. Results Among the nine novel inflammation-immune models, ACLR showed the highest accuracy for overall survival (OS) and time to recurrence (TTR). At the optimal cutoff value of 80, patients with high ACLR (> 80) had larger tumor size, higher Edmondson’s grade, more vascular invasion, advanced tumor stage, and poorer survival than those with low ACLR (≤ 80) in the training cohort (5-year OS: 43.3% vs. 80.1%, P < 0.0001; 5-year TTR: 74.9% vs. 45.3%, P < 0.0001). Multivariate Cox analysis identified ACLR as an independent risk factor for OS [hazard ratio (HR) = 2.22, P < 0.001] and TTR (HR = 2.36, P < 0.001). Such clinical significance and prognostic value were verified in validation cohort. ACLR outperformed extant models, showing the highest area under receiver operating characteristics curve for 1-, 3-, and 5-year OS (0.737, 0.719, and 0.708) and 1-, 3-, and 5-year TTR (0.696, 0.650, and 0.629). High ACLR correlated with early recurrence (P < 0.001) and extremely early recurrence (P < 0.001). In patients with high ACLR, wide resection margin might confer survival benefit by decreasing recurrence (median TTR, 25.5 vs. 11.4 months; P = 0.037). Conclusions The novel inflammation-immune model, ACLR, could effectively predict prognosis, and the presence of MRD before hepatectomy and might guide the decision on resection margin for patients with HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Xu
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China.,Department of Liver Oncology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ao Huang
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China.,Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - De-Zhen Guo
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China.,Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu-Peng Wang
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China.,Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shi-Yu Zhang
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China.,Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia-Yan Yan
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China.,Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin-Yu Wang
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China.,Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ya Cao
- Cancer Research Institute, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jia Fan
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China.,Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China.,Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiu-Tao Fu
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China.,Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying-Hong Shi
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China.,Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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30
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Ai G, Wu X, Dou Y, Huang R, Zhong L, Liu Y, Xian Y, Lin Z, Li Y, Su Z, Chen J, Qu C. Oxyberberine, a novel HO-1 agonist, effectively ameliorates oxidative stress and inflammatory response in LPS/D-GalN induced acute liver injury mice via coactivating erythrocyte metabolism and Nrf2 signaling pathway. Food Chem Toxicol 2022; 166:113215. [PMID: 35691465 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2022.113215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Oxyberberine (OBB), a main gut-mediated metabolite of Phellodendron chinense Cortex (PC), exhibits prominent protective property against acute liver injury (ALI). Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is a vital molecule in attenuating acute and chronic liver injury for its prominent anti-oxidative injury and anti-inflammation properties. The present study was performed to investigate the hepatoprotective role of OBB through HO-1 signaling pathway in lipopolysaccharide/D-galactosamine (LPS/D-GalN) induced ALI. Our results indicated that PC treatment improved survival rate and its metabolite OBB evidently improved histopathological deteriorations and liver function. Additionally, OBB dramatically ameliorated hepatic oxidative stress and inflammation. Besides, OBB exerted remarkable HO-1 agonistic activity, even be comparable to hemin (a HO-1 inducer), as evidenced by increased HO-1 level, carbon monoxide and bilirubin activities, which are the markers of erythrocyte metabolism. Moreover, OBB modulated the parameters of inflammation and oxidative stress through HO-1 dependent pathway. Beyond this, OBB also notably suppressed the translocation of p65, enhanced antioxidation defense genes expressions, promoted the degradation of Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1) and the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2). In conclusion, OBB could be the principle active metabolite substance of PC and exert excellent hepatoprotective effects via inducing HO-1 through coactivation of erythrocyte metabolism and Nrf2/HO-1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaoxiang Ai
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Xiaoyan Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Yaoxing Dou
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine/Post-Doctoral Research Station, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Ronglei Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Linjiang Zhong
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Yuhong Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Yanfang Xian
- School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, PR China
| | - Zhixiu Lin
- School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, PR China
| | - Yucui Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Ziren Su
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Jiannan Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China.
| | - Chang Qu
- College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510630, PR China.
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31
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Christakoudi S, Riboli E, Evangelou E, Tsilidis KK. Associations of body shape index (ABSI) and hip index with liver, metabolic, and inflammatory biomarkers in the UK Biobank cohort. Sci Rep 2022; 12:8812. [PMID: 35614088 PMCID: PMC9133113 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-12284-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Associations of liver, metabolic, and inflammatory biomarkers in blood with body shape are unclear, because waist circumference (WC) and hip circumference (HC) are dependent on overall body size, resulting in bias. We have used the allometric "a body shape index" (ABSI = WC(mm)[Formula: see text]Weight(kg)-2/3[Formula: see text]Height(m)5/6) and hip index (HIwomen = HC(cm)[Formula: see text]Weight(kg)-0.482[Formula: see text]Height(cm)0.310, HImen = HC(cm)[Formula: see text]Weight(kg)-2/5[Formula: see text]Height(cm)1/5), which are independent of body mass index (BMI) by design, in multivariable linear regression models for 121,879 UK Biobank men and 135,559 women. Glucose, glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), triglycerides, low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol, apolipoprotein-B, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), gamma-glutamyltransferase, and lymphocytes were associated positively with BMI and ABSI but inversely with HI. High-density-lipoprotein cholesterol and apolipoprotein-A1 were associated inversely with BMI and ABSI but positively with HI. Lipid-related biomarkers and ALT were associated only with HI in obese men. C-reactive protein, neutrophils, monocytes, and alkaline phosphatase were associated positively, while bilirubin was associated inversely, with BMI and ABSI but not with HI. Associations were consistent within the clinical reference ranges but were lost or changed direction for low or high biomarker levels. Our study confirms associations with waist and hip size, independent of BMI, for metabolic biomarkers but only with waist size for inflammatory biomarkers, suggesting different contribution of the mechanistic pathways related to body shape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Christakoudi
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, Norfolk place, London, W2 1PG, UK. .,Department of Inflammation Biology, School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK.
| | - Elio Riboli
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, Norfolk place, London, W2 1PG, UK
| | - Evangelos Evangelou
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, Norfolk place, London, W2 1PG, UK.,Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina School of Medicine, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Konstantinos K Tsilidis
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, Norfolk place, London, W2 1PG, UK.,Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina School of Medicine, Ioannina, Greece
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32
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Gheraibia S, Belattar N, Diab KA, Hassan ME, El-Nekeety AA, Abdel-Aziem SH, Hassan NS, Abdel-Wahhab MA. Costus speciosus extract protects against the oxidative damage of zearalenone via modulation of inflammatory cytokines, Nrf2 and iNOS gene expression in rats. Toxicon 2022; 214:62-73. [PMID: 35597521 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2022.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Zearalenone (ZEN) is a non-steroidal estrogenic mycotoxin that induces severe health disturbances in humans and animals. This study aimed to determine the bioactive compounds in Costus speciosus extract (CSE) using GC-MS and evaluate its protective capability against ZEN-induced oxidative damage, genotoxicity, and cytotoxicity in rats. Six groups of male Sprague Dawley rats were treated orally for 15 days including the control group, CSE-treated groups at low (200 mg/kg b. w) or high (400 mg/kg b. w) dose, ZEN-treated group (40 μg/kg b. w), and the groups treated with ZEN plus the low or the high dose of CSE. Blood and tissue samples were collected for different assays and pathological analyses. The results of GC-MS indicated the identification of 6 compounds and Azulene was the major. Animals that received ZEN showed severe disturbances in serum biochemical, cytokines, oxidative stress indicators, mRNA expression of iNOS, Nrf2, and inflammatory-related genes. ZEN also increased micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (MNPCEs) and comet tail formation in bone marrow cells along with the disturbances in the histological architecture of the liver and kidney. Co-administration of CSE plus ZEN could normalize the majority of the tested parameters and the histological picture at a dose as low as 200 mg/kg b. w. Therefore, CSE protects against ZEN toxicity via its antioxidant activity, modulation of iNOS, inflammatory-related genes, and the Nrf2 pathway and it could be used in the endemic regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Gheraibia
- Laboratory of Applied Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences of Nature and Life, Ferhat Abbes University, Setif, 1, Algeria
| | - Noureddine Belattar
- Laboratory of Applied Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences of Nature and Life, Ferhat Abbes University, Setif, 1, Algeria
| | - Kawthar A Diab
- Genetics and Cytology Department, National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Marwa E Hassan
- Toxicology Dept., Research Institute of Medical Entomology, Giza, Egypt
| | - Aziza A El-Nekeety
- Food Toxicology & Contaminants Department, National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Nabila S Hassan
- Pathology Department, National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mosaad A Abdel-Wahhab
- Food Toxicology & Contaminants Department, National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt.
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33
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Zhang S, Cao Y, Xu B, Zhang H, Zhang S, Sun J, Tang Y, Wang Y. An antioxidant nanodrug protects against hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury by attenuating oxidative stress and inflammation. J Mater Chem B 2022; 10:7563-7569. [PMID: 35389415 DOI: 10.1039/d1tb02689e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Liver transplantation is currently recognized as the only effective therapeutic option for end-stage liver disease. Hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) remains a major cause of graft damage or dysfunction, and is mediated by the abundant production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and a complex cascade of inflammation during the reperfusion period. However, no universal antioxidant has been applied in clinical practice due to its low bioavailability and non-specific targeting. Herein, cerium oxide and manganese oxide nanocomposites (CM NCs), with the advantages of high biocompatibility, passive liver-targeting and short-term metabolic excretion, were synthesized as a nanodrug for hepatic IRI therapy. The CM NCs exhibited excellent superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) mimetic activity to scavenge ROS and generate oxygen (O2). Therefore, CM NCs could alleviate oxidative stress, subsequently suppress the activation of Kupffer cells (KCs) and neutrophils, and reduce the secretion of inflammatory factors due to the synergistic effect of ROS scavenging and O2 production. By exploring the underlying mechanisms of the CM NCs in the treatment of hepatic IRI, we suggest that the CM NCs with ROS scavenging and inflammation regulation capacity show clinical potential for hepatic IRI management and provide new perspectives in the treatment of other oxidative-stress-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, 71 Xinmin Street, Changchun 130021, Jilin, China.
| | - Yue Cao
- The First Hospital of Jilin University, 71 Xinmin Street, Changchun 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Bo Xu
- The First Hospital of Jilin University, 71 Xinmin Street, Changchun 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry (CIAC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, China.
| | - Songtao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry (CIAC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, China.
| | - Jian Sun
- Department of Cardiovascular Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, 71 Xinmin Street, Changchun 130021, Jilin, China.
| | - Ying Tang
- Department of Gastroenterol, The First Hospital of Jilin University, 71 Xinmin Street, Changchun 130021, Jilin, China.
| | - Yinghui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry (CIAC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, China.
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Mei X, Zhang Y, Quan C, Liang Y, Huang W, Shi W. Characterization of the Pathology, Biochemistry, and Immune Response in Kunming (KM) Mice Following Fasciola gigantica Infection. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 11:793571. [PMID: 35071045 PMCID: PMC8766847 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.793571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
As a putative model of Fasciola gigantica infection, detailed data in Kunming (KM) mice infected with F. gigantica are lacking. In this study, KM mice were orally infected with 15 metacercaria for 8 weeks. Macroscopic and microscopic changes, serum biochemistry, cytokine responses, and changes in parasite-specific immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody levels were monitored at 1, 3, 5, 7, and 8 weeks post-infection (wpi), respectively. The serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) increased after infection, while that of albumin (ALB) decreased, which was positively correlated with the degree of liver damage. Between 5 and 7 wpi, the mice showed symptoms of anemia and weight loss, possibly caused by the decrease of alkaline phosphatase (ALP). Moreover, the changing tendencies of the levels of globulin (GLB) and parasite-specific IgG antibody were similar, suggesting a potential correlation between GLB production and adaptive immune response in the host. Coordinated variations in interferon gamma (IFN-γ) and interleukin 4 (IL-4) indicated a mixed T helper 1 (Th1)/Th2 cellular immune response. Furthermore, the serum IgG antibody increased after infection and peaked at 5 wpi, and it was positively correlated with the average parasite burdens. The worms collected from mice were approximately 1 cm in length at 8 wpi, their digestive and reproductive systems were well developed, and no eggs were found in the uterus. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report describing detailed histological, biochemical, and immunological indices in KM mice infected with F. gigantica, which provides basic information on KM mice against infection with F. gigantica.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuefang Mei
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology, Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
- School of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Yaoyao Zhang
- School of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Chenyu Quan
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Guangxi Veterinary Research Institute, Nanning, China
| | - Yiying Liang
- School of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Weiyi Huang
- School of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Wei Shi
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
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35
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Hua H, Xu X, Tian W, Li P, Zhu H, Wang W, Liu Y, Xiao K. Glycine alleviated diquat-induced hepatic injury via inhibiting ferroptosis in weaned piglets. Anim Biosci 2022; 35:938-947. [PMID: 34991220 PMCID: PMC9066045 DOI: 10.5713/ab.21.0298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The beneficial effects of glycine were tested in piglets with diquat-induced hepatic injury. Methods Thirty-two piglets were assigned by a 2 × 2 factorial experimental design including glycine supplementation and diquat challenge. After 3 weeks of feeding with a basic diet or a 1% glycine supplemented diet, piglets were challenged with diquat or saline. After 1 week later, the piglets were slaughtered and samples were collected. Results Our results indicated that glycine alleviated diquat induced morphological hepatic injury, decreased the activities of plasma alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and glutamyl transpeptidase in the piglets under diquat challenge, and increased total antioxidant capacity and antioxidative enzyme activity significantly. Adding glycine enhanced the concentrations of hepatic adenosine triphosphate and adenosine diphosphate. Transmission electron microscope observation showed that diquat induced clear hepatocytes ferroptosis and its effect could be alleviated by glycine to a certain degree. Moreover, glycine significantly affected mRNA and protein expression of ferroptosis-related signals in the liver. Conclusion These results demonstrated that glycine attenuated liver damage via inhibiting ferroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongwei Hua
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Xiao Xu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Wei Tian
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China.,College of Life Science, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Pei Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Huiling Zhu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Wenjun Wang
- College of Life Science, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Yulan Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Kan Xiao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
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Jia S, Chen Q, Wu J, Yao X, Shao J, Cheng X, Zhang C, Cen D, Wang Y, Shen Z, Shan L, Yao X. Danshensu derivative ADTM ameliorates CCl 4‑induced acute liver injury in mice through inhibiting oxidative stress and apoptosis. Pathol Res Pract 2021; 228:153656. [PMID: 34749210 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2021.153656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies reported a novel danshensu derivative (R)-(3,5,6-Trimethylpyrazinyl) methyl-2-acetoxy-3-(3,4-diacetoxyphenyl) propanoate (ADTM), which conferred cardioprotective, neuroprotective and anti-thrombotic effects. Here we aim to investigate the hepatoprotective effect of ADTM on acute liver injury caused by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) and the underlying molecular mechanisms. ADTM (30 and 60 mg/kg) was given to mice by gavage for two weeks. At the last day mice were injected with 0.3% CCl4, 10 mL/kg, ip for 24 h. Clinical and histological chemistry assays were performed to assess liver injury. Moreover, hepatic oxidative stress and apoptosis related markers were determined by western blotting. As a result, ADTM significantly protected against CCl4-induced liver injury by the decrease of elevated serum transaminases and liver index, and the attenuation of histopathological changes in mice. In addition, ADTM remarkably alleviated hepatic oxidative stress (MDA contents and SOD activity) and apoptosis. Further studies revealed that ADTM significantly inhibited the CCl4-induced upregulation of Bax/Bcl-2, increased the CCl4-induced decrease of AKT phosphorylation and inhibited the expression level of NF-κB p65 in CCl4-intoxicated mice. These findings suggest that ADTM possesses the potential protective effects against CCl4-induced liver injury in mice by exerting antioxidative stress and antiapoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Jia
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Pharmaceutical College, Ningbo 315100, PR China
| | - Qi Chen
- Ningbo Yinzhou No. 2 Hospital, Ningbo 315100, PR China
| | - Jingyi Wu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Pharmaceutical College, Ningbo 315100, PR China
| | - Xiaokun Yao
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Pharmaceutical College, Ningbo 315100, PR China
| | - Jingping Shao
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Pharmaceutical College, Ningbo 315100, PR China
| | - Xiaoyan Cheng
- Beijing Center for Physical & Chemical Analysis, Beijing 100050, PR China
| | - Congcong Zhang
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Pharmaceutical College, Ningbo 315100, PR China
| | - Danwei Cen
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Pharmaceutical College, Ningbo 315100, PR China
| | - Yuqiang Wang
- Institute of New Drug Research, Jinan University College of Pharmacy, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Zhihong Shen
- Ningbo Yinzhou No. 2 Hospital, Ningbo 315100, PR China
| | - Luchen Shan
- Institute of New Drug Research, Jinan University College of Pharmacy, Guangzhou, PR China.
| | - Xiaomin Yao
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Pharmaceutical College, Ningbo 315100, PR China.
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AbuZahra HM, Rajendran P, Ismail MB. Zerumbone Exhibit Protective Effect against Zearalenone Induced Toxicity via Ameliorating Inflammation and Oxidative Stress Induced Apoptosis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10101593. [PMID: 34679730 PMCID: PMC8533127 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10101593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Zearalenone are widely occurring food contaminants that cause hepatotoxicity. This research work aimed to investigate how zerumbone, a plant-derived dietary compound, can fight ZEA-induced hepatotoxicity. ZER is found to increase the cells’ toxin resistance. This study was performed on mice challenged with ZEA. The administration of ZER decreased the level of alkaline phosphatase and alanine aminotransferase (ALT). Simultaneously, ZER attenuated the inflammatory response via significantly reducing the levels of pro-inflammatory factors, including interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in serum. Pretreatment with ZER reduced the hepatic malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration, as well as the depletion of hepatic superoxide dismutase (SOD), hepatic glutathione (GSH), and hepatic catalase (CAT). Moreover, it significantly ameliorated ZEA-induced liver damage and histological hepatocyte changes. ZER also relieved ZEA-induced apoptosis by regulating the PI3K/AKT pathway and Nrf2 and HO-1 expression. Furthermore, ZER increasingly activated Bcl2 and suppressed apoptosis marker proteins. Our findings suggest that ZER exhibits the ability to prevent ZEA-induced liver injury and present the underlying molecular basis for potential applications of ZER to cure liver injuries.
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Falbová D, Vorobeľová L, Siváková D, Beňuš R. Association between FTO (rs17817449) genetic variant, gamma-glutamyl transferase, and hypertension in Slovak midlife women. Am J Hum Biol 2021; 34:e23672. [PMID: 34436809 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.23672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This cross-sectional study investigates associations between the FTO rs 17817449 genetic variant, liver enzymes, and hypertension in Slovak midlife women. METHODS We assessed 576 Slovak women aged 39 to 65 years. The women were interviewed and examined during their medical examination at local Health Centers and then divided into subgroups according to their blood pressure status; 255 women with hypertension and 321 normotensive. The FTO genetic variant was detected by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. Resultant data was analyzed by linear regression analysis and general linear models to adjust for risk factors associated with gamma-glutamyl transferase levels (GGT), including waist to hip ratio (WHR) and uric acid (UA). RESULTS A significant association between the FTO variant and GGT levels was observed in the hypertensive group after control for confounding covariates, including WHR and UA (p = .004). The predicted GGT level for GT/TT hypertensive carriers is 0.158 μkat/L higher than for GG carriers. Moreover, the two-way analysis of covariance revealed significant interaction between FTO effects and hypertension on logGGT levels (p = .042). Finally, hypertensive women with the T-allele had the highest estimated marginal mean value of logGGT at -0.39 μkat/L while the GG-genotype in both hypertensive and normotensive women had the lowest value at -0.54 μkat/L. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that the FTO (rs17817449) variant is associated with higher serum GGT levels in hypertensive midlife women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darina Falbová
- Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Lenka Vorobeľová
- Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Daniela Siváková
- Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Radoslav Beňuš
- Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia
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Qiu H, Liu C, Huang M, Shen S, Wang W. Prognostic Value of Combined CA19-9 with Aspartate Aminotransferase to Lymphocyte Ratio in Patients with Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma After Hepatectomy. Cancer Manag Res 2021; 13:5969-5980. [PMID: 34377017 PMCID: PMC8349206 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s320380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose The prognosis of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) patients after surgical resection remains poor. Effective prognostic biomarkers are expected to stratify ICC patients and optimize their treatment strategies. To investigate the prognostic value of carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9), aspartate aminotransferase to lymphocyte ratio index (ALRI), and their combination (CAC) in predicting long-term outcomes in ICC patients after hepatectomy. Patients and Methods ICC patients underwent initial hepatectomy for curative purpose from January 2009 to September 2017 were reviewed retrospectively. Area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUC) was used to distinguish the identification effectiveness of three different measures. Kaplan–Meier curves and Cox proportional hazards regression were used to assess the value of preoperative CAC grade in predicting overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). Results A total of 530 patients were included and randomly divided into two groups (derivation cohort and validation cohort). During a median follow-up of 18 months (1–115.4 months), 317 patients (59.8%) died and 381 patients (71.9%) developed tumor recurrence. Lower ALRI, decreased serum CA19-9 level and CAC grade were found to be associated with better OS and DFS (both P<0.001). Importantly, the AUC for CAC grade was significantly greater than ALRI and CA19-9. In addition, results from Cox proportional hazards regression from both cohorts suggest that tumor number, node invasion, and CAC grade as independent prognostic factors for both OS and DFS. Conclusion This study demonstrated that CAC grade is a valuable biomarker for the prognosis of ICC patients. Specifically, patients with elevated CAC grades were correlated to worse long-term outcome after the hepatectomy. Our data suggest that increased CAC grades can be used to stratify patients and help to decide their treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haizhou Qiu
- Department of Liver Surgery and Liver Transplantation, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Chang Liu
- Department of Liver Surgery and Liver Transplantation, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Huang
- Department of Liver Surgery and Liver Transplantation, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Shu Shen
- Department of Liver Surgery and Liver Transplantation, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Wentao Wang
- Department of Liver Surgery and Liver Transplantation, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China
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Ward LD, Tu HC, Quenneville CB, Tsour S, Flynn-Carroll AO, Parker MM, Deaton AM, Haslett PAJ, Lotta LA, Verweij N, Ferreira MAR, Baras A, Hinkle G, Nioi P. GWAS of serum ALT and AST reveals an association of SLC30A10 Thr95Ile with hypermanganesemia symptoms. Nat Commun 2021; 12:4571. [PMID: 34315874 PMCID: PMC8316433 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-24563-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding mechanisms of hepatocellular damage may lead to new treatments for liver disease, and genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) serum activities have proven useful for investigating liver biology. Here we report 100 loci associating with both enzymes, using GWAS across 411,048 subjects in the UK Biobank. The rare missense variant SLC30A10 Thr95Ile (rs188273166) associates with the largest elevation of both enzymes, and this association replicates in the DiscovEHR study. SLC30A10 excretes manganese from the liver to the bile duct, and rare homozygous loss of function causes the syndrome hypermanganesemia with dystonia-1 (HMNDYT1) which involves cirrhosis. Consistent with hematological symptoms of hypermanganesemia, SLC30A10 Thr95Ile carriers have increased hematocrit and risk of iron deficiency anemia. Carriers also have increased risk of extrahepatic bile duct cancer. These results suggest that genetic variation in SLC30A10 adversely affects more individuals than patients with diagnosed HMNDYT1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas D. Ward
- grid.417897.40000 0004 0506 3000Alnylam Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge, MA USA
| | - Ho-Chou Tu
- grid.417897.40000 0004 0506 3000Alnylam Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge, MA USA
| | | | - Shira Tsour
- grid.417897.40000 0004 0506 3000Alnylam Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge, MA USA
| | | | - Margaret M. Parker
- grid.417897.40000 0004 0506 3000Alnylam Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge, MA USA
| | - Aimee M. Deaton
- grid.417897.40000 0004 0506 3000Alnylam Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge, MA USA
| | | | - Luca A. Lotta
- grid.418961.30000 0004 0472 2713Regeneron Genetics Center, Tarrytown, NY USA
| | - Niek Verweij
- grid.418961.30000 0004 0472 2713Regeneron Genetics Center, Tarrytown, NY USA
| | | | | | | | - Aris Baras
- grid.418961.30000 0004 0472 2713Regeneron Genetics Center, Tarrytown, NY USA
| | - Gregory Hinkle
- grid.417897.40000 0004 0506 3000Alnylam Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge, MA USA
| | - Paul Nioi
- grid.417897.40000 0004 0506 3000Alnylam Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge, MA USA
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Pan M, Liu J, Huang D, Guo Y, Luo K, Yang M, Gao W, Xu Q, Zhang W, Mai K. FoxO3 Modulates LPS-Activated Hepatic Inflammation in Turbot ( Scophthalmus maximus L.). Front Immunol 2021; 12:679704. [PMID: 34276667 PMCID: PMC8281027 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.679704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In mammals, forkhead box O3 (foxo3) plays important roles in liver immune system. The foxo3 can regulate cell cycle, DNA repair, hypoxia, apoptosis and so on. However, as such an important transcription factor, few studies on foxo3 in fish have been reported. The present study characterized the foxo3 in turbot (Scophthalmus maximus L.). Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) incubated in vitro (hepatocytes) and injected in vivo (turbot liver) were used to construct inflammatory models. The foxo3 was interfered and overexpressed to investigate its functions in liver inflammation. The open reading frame (ORF) of foxo3 was 1998 bp (base pair), encoding 665 amino acids. Sequence analysis showed that foxo3 of turbot was highly homologous to other fishes. Tissue distribution analysis revealed that the highest expression of foxo3 was in muscle. Immunofluorescence result showed that foxo3 was expressed in cytoplasm and nucleus. Knockdown of foxo3 significantly increased mRNA levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (tnf-α), interleukin-1β (il-1β), interleukin-6 (il-6), myeloid-differentiation factor 88 (myd88), cd83, toll-like receptor 2 (tlr-2) and protein level of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) in sifoxo3 + LPS (siRNA of foxo3+ LPS) group compared with NC + LPS (negative control + LPS) group in turbot hepatocytes. Overexpressed foxo3 significantly decreased mRNA levels of tnf-α, il-6, nuclear transcription factor-kappa B (nf-κb), cd83, tlr-2 and the protein level of JNK in vitro. In vivo analysis, foxo3 knockdown significantly increased levels of GOT in serum after LPS injection compared with NC+LPS group. Overexpressed foxo3 significantly decreased levels of GPT and GOT in pcDNA3.1-foxo3+LPS group compared with pcDNA3.1+LPS group in vivo. Foxo3 knockdown significantly increased mRNA levels of tnf-α, il-1β, il-6, nf-κb, myd88 and protein level of JNK in vivo in sifoxo3+LPS group compared with NC+LPS group in turbot liver. Overexpressed foxo3 significantly decreased mRNA levels of il-1β, il-6, myd88, cd83, jnk and protein level of JNK in pcDNA3.1-foxo3+LPS group compared with pcDNA3.1+LPS group in turbot liver. The results indicated that foxo3 might modulate LPS-activated hepatic inflammation in turbot by decreasing the proinflammatory cytokines, the levels of GOT and GPT as well as activating JNK/caspase-3 and tlr-2/myd88/nf-κb pathways. Taken together, these findings indicated that FoxO3 may play important roles in liver immune responses to LPS in turbot and the research of FoxO3 in liver immunity enriches the studies on immune regulation, and provides theoretical basis and molecular targets for solving liver inflammation and liver injury in fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingzhu Pan
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), The Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feeds (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Fisheries College, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Jiahuan Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), The Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feeds (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Fisheries College, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Dong Huang
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), The Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feeds (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Fisheries College, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Yanlin Guo
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), The Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feeds (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Fisheries College, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Kai Luo
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), The Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feeds (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Fisheries College, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Mengxi Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), The Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feeds (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Fisheries College, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Weihua Gao
- Department of Fisheries, College of Animal Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Qiaoqing Xu
- Department of Fisheries, College of Animal Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Wenbing Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), The Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feeds (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Fisheries College, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
- Department of Fisheries, College of Animal Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Kangsen Mai
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), The Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feeds (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Fisheries College, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
- Department of Fisheries, College of Animal Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
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Betanzos-Robledo L, Cantoral A, Peterson KE, Hu H, Hernández-Ávila M, Perng W, Jansen E, Ettinger AS, Mercado-García A, Solano-González M, Sánchez B, Téllez-Rojo MM. Association between cumulative childhood blood lead exposure and hepatic steatosis in young Mexican adults. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 196:110980. [PMID: 33691159 PMCID: PMC8119339 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.110980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to environmental toxicants may play a role in the pathogenesis of Non Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD). Cumulative exposure to lead (Pb) has chronic and permanent effects on liver function. Pediatric populations are vulnerable to the toxic effects of Pb, even at low exposure levels. The purpose of the study was to estimate the association between cumulative Pb exposure during childhood and hepatic steatosis biomarkers in young Mexican adults. METHODS A subsample of 93 participants from the ELEMENT cohort were included in this study. Childhood blood samples were collected annually from ages 1-4 years and were used to calculate the Cumulative Childhood Blood Lead Levels (CCBLL). Hepatic steatosis during adulthood was defined as an excessive accumulation of hepatic triglycerides (>5%) determined using Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). Liver enzymes were also measured at this time, and elevated liver enzyme levels were defined as ALT (≥30 IU/L), AST (≥30 IU/L), and GGT (≥40 IU/L). Adjusted linear regression models were fit to examine the association between CCBLL (quartiles) and the hepatic steatosis in young adulthood. RESULTS In adulthood, the mean age was 21.4 years, 55% were male. The overall prevalence of hepatic steatosis by MRI was 19%. Elevate levels of the enzymes ALT, AST, and GGT were present in 25%, 15%, and 17% of the sample, respectively. We found a positive association between the highest quartile of CCBLL with the steatosis biomarkers of hepatic triglycerides (Q4 vs. Q1: β = 6.07, 95% CI: 1.91-10.21), elevated ALT (Q4 vs. Q1: β = 14.5, 95% CI: 1.39-27.61) and elevated AST (Q4 vs. Q1: β = 7.23, 95% CI: 0.64-13.82). No significant associations were found with GGT. CONCLUSIONS Chronic Pb exposure during early childhood is associated with a higher levels of hepatic steatosis biomarkers and hepatocellular injury in young adulthood. More actions should be taken to eliminate sources of Pb during the first years of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa Betanzos-Robledo
- National Council of Science and Technology, National Institute of Public Health, Mexico City, MX, Mexico
| | - Alejandra Cantoral
- Department of Health, Universidad Iberoamericana, Mexico City, MX, Mexico.
| | - Karen E Peterson
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Howard Hu
- Department of Preventive Medicine Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, USA
| | | | - Wei Perng
- Department of Epidemiology, Lifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes (LEAD) Center, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Erica Jansen
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | - Adriana Mercado-García
- National Council of Science and Technology, National Institute of Public Health, Mexico City, MX, Mexico
| | - Maritsa Solano-González
- National Council of Science and Technology, National Institute of Public Health, Mexico City, MX, Mexico
| | - Brisa Sánchez
- Dornsife School of Public Health, Drexel University, USA
| | - Martha M Téllez-Rojo
- National Council of Science and Technology, National Institute of Public Health, Mexico City, MX, Mexico
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Shao LN, Zhou SH, Wang N, Zhang ST, Liu M. Association between the Genetic Polymorphisms of CCL2, CCL5, CCL8, CCR2, and CCR5 with Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Infection in the Chinese Han Population. Immunol Invest 2021; 51:1182-1197. [PMID: 33902378 DOI: 10.1080/08820139.2021.1916524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Background: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a global public health burden. Chronic HCV infection leads to the development of fibrosis, cirrhosis, liver cancer, and liver failure over time.Methods: A total of 250 patients with chronic HCV infection and 299 healthy blood donors were recruited. Sixteen candidate single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 (CCL2), CCL5, CCL8, C-C chemokine receptor 2 (CCR2), and CCR5 were genotyped in all participants.Results: The rs1024610 AA genotype was significantly associated with decreased susceptibility to chronic HCV infection. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels, AST/platelet ratio index, and the fibrosis 4 score were significantly lower in the CCL2 rs1024610 T allele and haplotype ATGC carriers. Moreover, expression levels of collagen IV (C-IV) and laminin (LN) were significantly higher in patients with the CCL5 rs2280788 C allele compared to the non-carriers. Similarly, the expression levels of C-IV, LN, and hyaluronic acid were significantly higher in patients with the CCL5 haplotype, TGCT. No significant differences were identified between the SNPs/haplotypes and plasma levels of CCL2, CCL5, CCL8, CCR2, and CCR5 in the healthy controls, and the rs1024610 allele alteration had no effect on CCL2 promoter activity.Conclusions: This is the first study to report an association between CCL2 rs1024610 and the risk of chronic HCV infection in the Chinese Han population. rs1024610 and ATGC haplotype in CCL2 were reasonable candidate markers of liver abnormalities. rs2280788 and TGCT haplotype in CCL5 are likely to play a significant role in liver fibrosis during chronic HCV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ni Wang
- Dalian Blood Center, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | | | - Ming Liu
- Department of Cell Biology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
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Liu T, Tian M, Wang J, Tian X, Liu J, Feng L, Ma X, Cui J. Rational design of a fluorescent probe for the detection of LAP and its application in drug-induced liver injury. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2021; 251:119362. [PMID: 33486435 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2020.119362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) has become a common adverse effect in routine clinical practice, which would further cause the disorder of enzymatic system that respond to multiple pathological progresses. Leucine aminopeptidase (LAP) is regarded as a biomarker in the early course of various liver diseases, in this work, a fluorescent probe NCPL was designed and synthesized for the detecting of LAP. NCPL possessed excellent properties including high selectivity, sensitivity and affinity toward LAP, it could real-time image the LAP activity in living cells and tissues. Additionally, the upregulation of LAP under the APAP-induced liver injury model was also illustrated by NCPL. In conclusion, NCPL as a novel tool could be used for the detection of LAP and monitoring liver function in clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Manman Tian
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, The National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Drug Development of Neurodegenerative, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Jiayue Wang
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, The National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Drug Development of Neurodegenerative, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Xiangge Tian
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, The National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Drug Development of Neurodegenerative, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Jihong Liu
- Chemistry Analysis & Research Center, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Lei Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China; Academy of Integrative Medicine, The National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Drug Development of Neurodegenerative, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Xiaochi Ma
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, The National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Drug Development of Neurodegenerative, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jingnan Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.
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Yang G, Qiu H, Yu R, Xiong L, Yan Q, Wen C, Peng M. Dietary supplementation of β-glucan, inulin and emodin modulates antioxidant response and suppresses intestinal inflammation of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus). Anim Feed Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2020.114789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Tang XF, Ma ZT, Gao YY, Wang H, Li XX, Yu P, Liu RH. Systemic osteoprotective effects of Epimedii Folium and Ligustri Lucidi Fructus in senile osteoporosis rats by promoting the osteoblastogenesis and osteoclastogenesis based on MLP-ANN model. Chin Med 2020; 15:87. [PMID: 32843893 PMCID: PMC7441627 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-020-00368-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Senile osteoporosis (SOP), which is caused by unbalanced bone remodeling, leads to significant economic and societal burdens globally. The combination of Epimedii Folium (EF) and Ligustri Lucidi Fructus (LLF) serves as a commonly-used prescription for SOP in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). This study aimed to evaluate the osteoprotective effects of EF and LLF in combination on SOP rats based on the constructed multilayer perception (MLP)-artificial neural network (ANN) model. Methods 15 month old male Sprague-Dawley rats were administrated with EF, LLF or the combination of EF and LLF (EF&LLF) for 2 months, while 17 month old rats were used as the aging control group. All the rats were anesthetized with 25% ethyl carbamate, then their serum liver and bone tissues were taken. We detected bone mass, bone mineral density (BMD), biomechanics and the microstructure of bone trabecula by micro-CT and H&E staining to evaluate the degree of osteoporosis. Blood lipids and serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and γ-glutamyl transferase (GGT) and liver pathology were use to assess the side effects of drugs. Levels of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRACP) and the ratio of ALP to TRACP both in serum and bone were measured for the evaluation of bone turnover rate. The bone mRNA and protein expression of osteoprotegerin (OPG), nuclear factor-kappa B ligand (RANKL), macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF), d2 isoform of vacuolar (H+) ATPase (ATP6V0d2), insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1), bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP2), M-CSF, Wnt5a, transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) were detected for evaluating bone metabolism. Results The results showed that EF&LLF improved bone mass and bone quality by preventing bone loss, increasing maximal load as well as protecting the micro-structural retrogressive change of trabecular bone in SOP rats; ameliorated the steatosis in the liver and decreased blood lipids and serum ALT, AST and GGT; enhanced bone remodeling by stimulating the expression of ALP and TRACP. At the molecular levels, EF&LLF stimulated the osteoclastogenesis by upregulating the protein and mRNA expression of OPG, RANKL, M-CSF and ATP6V0d2; meanwhile, EF&LLF stimulated osteoblastogenesis by enhancing the expression of TGF-β1, BMP2, Wnt5a and IGF-1. According to our established MLP model, EF&LLF has a better effect on osteoclastogenesis or steoblastogenesis in SOP rats than EF or LLF. Conclusions These findings demonstrate that the systemic bone protective effects of EF&LLF by promoting bone remodeling in aging rats might be a substitute medicine for the treatment of SOP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu-Feng Tang
- Shandong Tumor Hospital and Institute, Jinan, Shandong China
| | - Zi-Tong Ma
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, No.10 Xitoutiao, Youanmenwai, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100069 China
| | - Ying-Ying Gao
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, No.10 Xitoutiao, Youanmenwai, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100069 China
| | - Han Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, No.10 Xitoutiao, Youanmenwai, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100069 China
| | - Xiao-Xi Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, No.10 Xitoutiao, Youanmenwai, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100069 China
| | - Ping Yu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, No.10 Xitoutiao, Youanmenwai, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100069 China
| | - Ren-Hui Liu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, No.10 Xitoutiao, Youanmenwai, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100069 China
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Xie T, Wang B, Nolte IM, van der Most PJ, Oldehinkel AJ, Hartman CA, Snieder H. Genetic Risk Scores for Complex Disease Traits in Youth. CIRCULATION-GENOMIC AND PRECISION MEDICINE 2020; 13:e002775. [PMID: 32527150 PMCID: PMC7439939 DOI: 10.1161/circgen.119.002775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND For most disease-related traits the magnitude of the contribution of genetic factors in adolescents remains unclear. METHODS Twenty continuous traits related to anthropometry, cardiovascular and renal function, metabolism, and inflammation were selected from the ongoing prospective Tracking Adolescents' Individual Lives Survey cohort in the Netherlands with measurements of up to 5 waves from age 11 to 22 years (n=1354, 47.6% males) and all traits available at the third wave (mean age [SD]=16.22 [0.66]). For each trait, unweighted and weighted genetic risk scores (GRSs) were generated based on significantly associated single nucleotide polymorphisms identified from literature. The variance explained by the GRSs in adolescents were estimated by linear regression after adjustment for covariates. RESULTS Except for ALT (alanine transaminase), all GRSs were significantly associated with their traits. The trait variance explained by the GRSs was highest for lipoprotein[a] (39.59%) and varied between 0.09% (ALT) and 18.49% (LDL [low-density lipoprotein]) for the other traits. For most traits, the variances explained in adolescents were comparable with or slightly smaller than those in adults. Significant increases of trait levels (except ALT) and increased risks for overweight/obesity (odds ratio, 6.41 [95% CI, 2.95-15.56]) and hypertension (odds ratio, 2.86 [95% CI, 1.39-6.17]) were found in individuals in the top GRS decile compared with those at the bottom decile. CONCLUSIONS Variances explained by adult-based GRSs for disease-related traits in adolescents, although still relatively modest, were comparable with or slightly smaller than in adults offering promise for improved risk prediction at early ages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Xie
- Department of Epidemiology (T.X., B.W., I.M.N., P.J.v.d.M., H.S.), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Epidemiology (T.X., B.W., I.M.N., P.J.v.d.M., H.S.), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Ilja M Nolte
- Department of Epidemiology (T.X., B.W., I.M.N., P.J.v.d.M., H.S.), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Peter J van der Most
- Department of Epidemiology (T.X., B.W., I.M.N., P.J.v.d.M., H.S.), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Albertine J Oldehinkel
- Department of Psychiatry (A.J.O., C.A.H.), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Catharina A Hartman
- Department of Psychiatry (A.J.O., C.A.H.), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Harold Snieder
- Department of Epidemiology (T.X., B.W., I.M.N., P.J.v.d.M., H.S.), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, the Netherlands
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A genome-wide association study on liver enzymes in Korean population. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0229374. [PMID: 32084209 PMCID: PMC7034899 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0229374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although genetic features vary across ethnicities, few genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have reported the genetic determinants of liver enzyme expression. This study was aimed to evaluate the associations of genome-wide single nuclear polymorphisms (SNPs) with the liver enzymes in a Korean population. Methods We performed a GWAS to identify genetic loci influencing liver function, as measured by concentrations of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine transaminase (ALT), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) and total bilirubin (BIL) in in Korean study participants. Results A total of 6,488 subjects (4,457 in the discovery and 2,031 in the validation set) were included. The mean subject age was 50.0±10.6 years (male, 53.7%). Among a total of 546,738 SNPs tested, rs651007 and rs579459 located in the ABO gene showed strong associations with ALP (P = 1.63×10−8 and 5.61×10−8, respectively [discovery set]; P = 4.08×10−15 and 9.92×10−16, respectively [validation set]). Additionally, rs5751901 and rs2006092, which are located in the GGT1 gene, showed strong associations with GGT (P = 6.44×10−15 and 1.26×10−15, respectively [discovery set]; P = 4.13×10−10 and 5.15×10−11, respectively [validation set]). Among the 13 SNPs that showed genome-wide significance with total bilirubin levels, rs10929302 and rs6742078 showed the most significant association (P = 3.08×10−64 and 2.05×10−62, respectively [discovery set]; P = 1.33×10−116 and 2.24×10−118, respectively [validation set]). No genome-wide significant associations was found for ALT. Conclusions We demonstrated that ABO, GGT1 and UGT1A family were associated with ALP, GGT and BIL, respectively in Korean population. These findings differ from reported results in GWAS in European populations in terms of associated genes and locations, suggesting different genetic mechanisms of liver enzyme regulation according to ethnicity.
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Huang H, Lin Z, Zeng Y, Lin X, Zhang Y. Probiotic and glutamine treatments attenuate alcoholic liver disease in a rat model. Exp Ther Med 2019; 18:4733-4739. [PMID: 31777560 PMCID: PMC6862500 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.8123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The pathogenesis underlying alcoholic liver disease (ALD), which is often a result of alcohol abuse, currently remains unclear. Previous studies have reported that enteric dysbiosis serves an important role in the pathogenesis of ALD. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of glutamine and probiotics on a rat model of alcoholic liver disease (ALD). Sixty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 6 groups including control (C), alcohol (M), alcohol + Golden Bifido (T), alcohol + glutamine (G), alcohol + Medilac-S® (N) and alcohol + Golden Bifido + glutamine (L). Histology, body weight (BW), triglycerides (TG), serum aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), diamine oxidase (DAO), occludin, endotoxin and D-lactate levels were assessed whilst changes in the gut flora were evaluated and compared. Results determined that all probiotic and glutamine treatments elevated the abnormally decreased BW and occludin levels whilst the abnormal elevated serum AST, ALT, TG, IL-6, TNF-α, DAO, endotoxin and D-lactate levels were significantly reduced following chronic ethanol consumption. Histopathological observation of the liver demonstrated that probiotic and glutamine treatments attenuated liver damage induced by alcohol. Moreover, sequencing determined that there was a reduction in Firmicutes as well as an increase in Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria and Porphyromonadaceae abundance in the ALD group compared with the healthy controls. However, these changes were prevented by glutamine and probiotic therapy. In conclusion, the present results suggested that probiotics and glutamine ameliorated ALD by suppressing inflammation and regulating the gut microbiota. Therefore, probiotic and glutamine treatments can potentially serve as therapies for the prevention and treatment of ALD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huping Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350000, P.R. China
- Fujian Institute of Gastroenterology, Fuzhou, Fujian 350000, P.R. China
| | - Zhihui Lin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350000, P.R. China
- Fujian Institute of Gastroenterology, Fuzhou, Fujian 350000, P.R. China
| | - Yanling Zeng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350000, P.R. China
- Fujian Institute of Gastroenterology, Fuzhou, Fujian 350000, P.R. China
| | - Xueyan Lin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350000, P.R. China
- Fujian Institute of Gastroenterology, Fuzhou, Fujian 350000, P.R. China
| | - Yali Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
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Zhou X, Wang Q, An P, Du Y, Zhao J, Song A, Huang G. Relationship between folate, vitamin B 12, homocysteine, transaminase and mild cognitive impairment in China: a case-control study. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2019; 71:315-324. [PMID: 31387424 DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2019.1648387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
To explore the association between the levels of serum folate, vitamin B12, and homocysteine (Hcy), transaminase and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in Chinese elderly. A case-control study was implemented between April and October 2016. Elderly participants aged ≥60 with and without MCI (n = 118 separately) were recruited from Community Health Center of Binhai New Area in Tianjin. Spearman's correlation analysis indicated that Hcy was significantly positively correlated with alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and negative correlations were found among Hcy, Mini-Mental Status Examination score, Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised by China intelligence quotient, folate and vitamin B12. The associations among MCI and folate, vitamin B12, Hcy and transaminase were assessed using multivariate logistic regression analyses. Lower folate levels and higher Hcy and ALT and AST levels were associated with MCI risk adjusted for multiple covariates. Increased ALT, AST, Hcy levels and lower folate levels were independently associated with the risk of MCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Zhou
- Research Center for Sports Nutrition and Eudainomics, Institute for Sports Training Science, Tianjin University of Sport, Tianjin, China.,Department of Nutrition and Food Science, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Qing Wang
- Department of Nutrition, Tianjin Chest Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Peilin An
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yue Du
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Service Management, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | | | - Aili Song
- Community Health Service Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Guowei Huang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
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