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Romaniuk A, Ward M, Henrikson B, Cochrane K, Theule J. Family Quality of Life Perceived by Mothers of Children with ASD and ADHD. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2024; 55:510-519. [PMID: 36074211 PMCID: PMC9452860 DOI: 10.1007/s10578-022-01422-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Existing research has compared Family Quality of Life (FQOL) in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) populations and typically developing populations but has not yet explored differences in FQOL across ASD, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and comorbid ASD and ADHD populations (ASD + ADHD). In the present study, 117 North American mothers of 92 sons and 25 daughters (ages 6-11) with ASD, ADHD, or ASD + ADHD completed an online survey exploring FQOL. An ANOVA failed to show group differences in overall FQOL, however, mothers of children with ASD + ADHD reported significantly lower family Emotional Well-being than mothers of children with ASD only. The results of this study provide insight into FQOL in families of children with ASD and/or ADHD. Greater research is needed in this area to understand how mothers of children with ASD, ADHD, or ASD + ADHD experience FQOL. The COVID-19 pandemic, which ran concurrent with this study, potentially influenced results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyssa Romaniuk
- Department of Psychology, University of Manitoba, P439 Duff Roblin Building, 190 Dysart Road, R3T 2N2, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
| | - Michelle Ward
- Department of Psychology, University of Manitoba, P439 Duff Roblin Building, 190 Dysart Road, R3T 2N2, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Brenna Henrikson
- Department of Psychology, University of Manitoba, P439 Duff Roblin Building, 190 Dysart Road, R3T 2N2, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Karis Cochrane
- Department of Psychology, University of Manitoba, P439 Duff Roblin Building, 190 Dysart Road, R3T 2N2, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Jennifer Theule
- Department of Psychology, University of Manitoba, P439 Duff Roblin Building, 190 Dysart Road, R3T 2N2, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
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2
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May T, Williams K. Mother and child mental health over time in children with Autism and/or ADHD in the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children. Dev Psychopathol 2024; 36:170-180. [PMID: 36345845 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579422001067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
This study utilised a longitudinal population-based study to explore mother and child mental health trajectories over time from child age 0 to 14 years, between children with ASD, ADHD, or ASD + ADHD. It explored whether a bidirectional relationship between mother psychological distress and child emotional and behavioural problems (EBPs) existed. The birth cohort from the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children was used. Child EBPs were assessed using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire; and mother emotional distress using the Kessler K6. Generalised estimating equations and structured equation modelling was used to understand changes over time, differences between groups and bidirectional relationships. As expected, children with ASD, ADHD or ASD + ADHD had higher EBPs than children without, and their mothers had higher levels of psychological distress across most time points, but with differing trajectories. Mothers of children with ASD (with or without ADHD) showed increasing psychological distress over time, while mothers of children with ADHD had reducing distress. The bidirectional relationship between mother and child mental health found in children without diagnoses was only partially present in children with ASD/ADHD. Findings highlight support needs and discuss implications for transactional models of parent/child emotional problems in children with neurodevelopmental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara May
- School of Psychology, Charles Sturt University, Bathurst, NSW, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Katrina Williams
- Department of Paediatrics, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, Melbourne University, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Developmental Paediatrics, Monash Children's Hospital, Clayton, VIC, Australia
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Thorsteinsdottir S, Olafsdottir AS, Traustadottir OU, Njardvik U. Changes in Anxiety following Taste Education Intervention: Fussy Eating Children with and without Neurodevelopmental Disorders. Nutrients 2023; 15:4783. [PMID: 38004177 PMCID: PMC10675003 DOI: 10.3390/nu15224783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the surge in studies on fussy eating in recent years, anxiety as an associated factor is generally not considered, even though children with fussy eating and those with neurodevelopmental disorders, including Autism Spectrum Disorder or Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) often have higher levels of anxiety than typically developing children. The current study investigated changes in anxiety scores during a Taste Education intervention, a seven-week school-based intervention for 71 children with fussy eating. Comparisons were made based on neurodevelopmental status (between children with (n = 30) and without (n = 41) neurodevelopmental disorders). Participants were paired based on age, sex, and neurodevelopmental disorder. The Multidimensional Anxiety Scale for Children (MASC) was administered at delayed intervention (for those waiting 7 weeks before starting the intervention), pre-intervention, post-intervention, and at six-month follow-up. Results did not indicate elevated anxiety based on mean MASC T-scores. MASC Total T-scores ranged from slightly elevated to average, decreasing significantly between pre-intervention and post-intervention, plateauing at six-month follow-up. Significant reductions between measurement points were seen for the physical symptoms, social anxiety, and separation anxiety subscales, but not for harm avoidance. Repeated measures analysis of variance with neurodevelopmental disorders as between-subjects factors did not reveal a significant interaction effect between neurodevelopmental disorders and changes in MASC Total score or subscales. The results indicated that our food-based intervention did not elevate MASC scores in fussy eating children, with or without neurodevelopmental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sigrun Thorsteinsdottir
- Faculty of Health Promotion, Sport and Leisure Studies, School of Education, University of Iceland, Stakkahlid, 105 Reykjavik, Iceland;
| | - Anna S. Olafsdottir
- Faculty of Health Promotion, Sport and Leisure Studies, School of Education, University of Iceland, Stakkahlid, 105 Reykjavik, Iceland;
| | - Olof U. Traustadottir
- Faculty of Psychology, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Saemundargata 12, 102 Reykjavik, Iceland; (O.U.T.); (U.N.)
| | - Urdur Njardvik
- Faculty of Psychology, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Saemundargata 12, 102 Reykjavik, Iceland; (O.U.T.); (U.N.)
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Tu HF, Fransson E, Kunovac Kallak T, Elofsson U, Ramklint M, Skalkidou A. Cohort profile: the U-BIRTH study on peripartum depression and child development in Sweden. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e072839. [PMID: 37949626 PMCID: PMC10649626 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-072839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The current U-BIRTH cohort (Uppsala Birth Cohort) extends our previous cohort Biology, Affect, Stress, Imaging and Cognition (BASIC), assessing the development of children up to 11 years after birth. The U-BIRTH study aims to (1) assess the impact of exposure to peripartum mental illness on the children's development taking into account biological and environmental factors during intrauterine life and childhood; (2) identify early predictors of child neurodevelopmental and psychological problems using biophysiological, psychosocial and environmental variables available during pregnancy and early post partum. PARTICIPANTS All mothers participating in the previous BASIC cohort are invited, and mother-child dyads recruited in the U-BIRTH study are consecutively invited to questionnaire assessments and biological sampling when the child is 18 months, 6 years and 11 years old. Data collection at 18 months (n=2882) has been completed. Consent for participation has been obtained from 1946 families of children having reached age 6 and from 698 families of children having reached age 11 years. FINDINGS TO DATE Based on the complete data from pregnancy to 18 months post partum, peripartum mental health was significantly associated with the development of attentional control and gaze-following behaviours, which are critical to cognitive and social learning later in life. Moreover, infants of depressed mothers had an elevated risk of difficult temperament and behavioural problems compared with infants of non-depressed mothers. Analyses of biological samples showed that peripartum depression and anxiety were related to DNA methylation differences in infants. However, there were no methylation differences in relation to infants' behavioural problems at 18 months of age. FUTURE PLANS Given that the data collection at 18 months is complete, analyses are now being undertaken. Currently, assessments for children reaching 6 and 11 years are ongoing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsing-Fen Tu
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Psychology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Emma Fransson
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Centre for Translational Microbiome Research, Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Ulf Elofsson
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mia Ramklint
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Alkistis Skalkidou
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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Christi RA, Roy D, Heung R, Flake E. Impact of Respite Care Services Availability on Stress, Anxiety and Depression in Military Parents who have a Child on the Autism Spectrum. J Autism Dev Disord 2023; 53:4336-4350. [PMID: 36030352 PMCID: PMC9419919 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-022-05704-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Parenting an autistic child can affect a family's well-being. Finding resources is critical. This pilot study looked at respite's impact on parental stress, anxiety, and depression in military families and demographic factors associated with presence of respite care. METHOD Participants completed three surveys on anonymous basis, including two standardized surveys measuring parental stress and anxiety/depression. Data analysis used Chi-square test and regression analysis. RESULTS Parents receiving respite reported less stress and anxiety/depression. Respite utilization was associated with absence of comorbid conditions in child and other variables. Predictor variables for parental stress and anxiety/depression included presence of comorbid conditions in child. CONCLUSION Respite care may be linked to lower parental stress, anxiety, and depression, but more study is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca A Christi
- Division of Developmental Behavioral Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, Madigan Army Medical Center, Joint Base Lewis-McChord, 98431, MC, WA, Washington, United States.
| | - Daniel Roy
- Division of Developmental Behavioral Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, Madigan Army Medical Center, Joint Base Lewis-McChord, 98431, MC, WA, Washington, United States
| | - Raywin Heung
- Department of Clinical Investigation, Madigan Army Medical Center, Joint Base Lewis-McChord, Washington, United States
| | - Eric Flake
- Division of Developmental Behavioral Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, Madigan Army Medical Center, Joint Base Lewis-McChord, 98431, MC, WA, Washington, United States
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Özsavran M, Ayyıldız TK. The effect of mandala art therapy on the comfort and resilience levels of mothers who have children with special needs: A randomized controlled study. Child Care Health Dev 2023; 49:1032-1045. [PMID: 36878873 DOI: 10.1111/cch.13110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The study was conducted in order to determine the effect of mandala therapy applied to mothers who have children with special needs on the mothers' comfort and resilience levels. METHODS The study was conducted as a randomized controlled study at a special education school in Turkey. The study sample consisted of 51 mothers (24 mothers in the experimental group and 27 mothers in the control group) who had children with special needs. A 16-h mandala therapy was applied to the mothers in the experimental group. Identifying Information Form, General Comfort Questionnaire and Adult Resilience Scale were used as data collection tools. RESULTS According to the regression analysis performed in order to explain the difference between the first and third measurements of General Comfort Questionnaire, mandala art therapy was found to be effective, and the model established was determined to be statistically significant. It was also determined that the change that occurred between the third and first measurements performed in order to identify the change in the general comfort levels of the individuals was higher in the experimental group in comparison to the control group (P < 0.05). It was seen that the mothers' mean scores obtained from the Adult Resilience Scale total scale and its subscales significantly increased in the second and third measurements (P < 0.05) but that the increase in the mean scores of the control group was not significant (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Mandala Art Therapy is a method that improves the comfort levels and resilience of mothers who have children with special needs. It might be beneficial for mothers to perform these applications at special education schools in collaboration with nurses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Musa Özsavran
- Department of Child Care and Youth Services, Child Development Program, Ahmet Erdogan Vocational School of Health Services, Zonguldak Bulent Ecevit University, Zonguldak, Turkey
| | - Tülay Kuzlu Ayyıldız
- Nursing Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, Zonguldak Bulent Ecevit University, Zonguldak, Turkey
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Bochaver AA, Akhmedjanova DR, Bayramyan RM, Fomicheva EV. Initial psychometric properties of the Parental Stress Scale examined using a sample of Russian mothers. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1202401. [PMID: 37731869 PMCID: PMC10507722 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1202401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Parental stress is defined as a personal response to stressors associated with being a parent. In recent studies, parental stress has been viewed as a component of normative parenting. The purpose of this study was to collect initial evidence of the construct validity and reliability of the Russian version of the 18-item Parental Stress Scale (PSS) using a sample of mothers of Russian primary school students. The results are the first wave of a longitudinal study. Mothers (n = 900) of fourth-grade students participated in the study and filled out an online survey. The exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses of the PSS on the Russian mothers indicated two factors: parental stress and parental satisfaction, with good estimates of reliability. The PERMA-Profiler questionnaire was used to examine the convergent and divergent validity of the PSS. The results revealed significant correlations between parental stress and satisfaction and different aspects of well-being among the respondents. The initial investigation of this Russian adaptation of the PSS provides evidence of its reliability and validity. Despite the limitations and the need for further research, this version of the PSS can be recommended for use in studies on modern parenting as well as in psychological support, education, and development of programs promoting positive parent-child relationships by targeting parental needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra A. Bochaver
- Centre for Modern Childhood Studies, Institute of Education, HSE University, Moscow, Russia
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Cai H, Zhao YJ, He F, Li SY, Li ZL, Zhang WY, Zhang Y, Cheung T, Ng CH, Sha S, Xiang YT. Internet addiction and residual depressive symptoms among clinically stable adolescents with major psychiatric disorders during the COVID-19 pandemic: a network analysis perspective. Transl Psychiatry 2023; 13:186. [PMID: 37270593 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-023-02468-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023] Open
Abstract
To assess the inter-relationships between residual depressive symptoms (RDS) and Internet addiction (IA) using network analysis among clinically stable adolescents with major psychiatric disorders during the COVID-19 pandemic. RDS and IA were assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and the Internet Addiction Test (IAT), respectively. Central symptoms and bridge symptoms in the network model were examined. A total of 1,454 adolescents met the study criteria and were included in the analyses. The prevalence of IA was 31.2% (95% CI: 28.8%-33.6%). In the network analysis, the nodes IAT15 ("Preoccupation with the Internet"), PHQ2 ("Sad mood"), and PHQ1 ("Anhedonia") were the most central symptoms in the IA-RDS network model. Bridge symptoms included IAT10 ("Sooth disturbing about your Internet use"), PHQ9 ("Suicide ideation"), and IAT3 ("Prefer the excitement online to the time with others"). Additionally, PHQ2 ("Sad mood") was the main node linking "Anhedonia" to other IA clusters. Internet addiction was common among clinically stable adolescents with major psychiatric disorders during the COVID-19 pandemic. Core and bridge symptoms identified in this study could be prioritized as targets for the prevention and treatment of IA in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Cai
- Unit of Psychiatry, Department of Public Health and Medicinal Administration, & Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China
- Centre for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China
- Institute of Advanced Studies in Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China
| | - Yan-Jie Zhao
- The National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders Beijing Anding Hospital & the Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, School of Mental Health, Beijing, China
| | - Fan He
- The National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders Beijing Anding Hospital & the Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, School of Mental Health, Beijing, China
| | - Shu-Ying Li
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zong-Lei Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Xiamen Xianyue Hospital, Xiamen, China
| | - Wu-Yang Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Development and Behavior, The third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan province, China
| | - Yao Zhang
- Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Teris Cheung
- School of Nursing, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chee H Ng
- Department of Psychiatry, The Melbourne Clinic and St Vincent's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Richmond, VIC, Australia.
| | - Sha Sha
- The National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders Beijing Anding Hospital & the Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, School of Mental Health, Beijing, China.
| | - Yu-Tao Xiang
- Unit of Psychiatry, Department of Public Health and Medicinal Administration, & Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China
- Centre for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China
- Institute of Advanced Studies in Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China
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Bispo-Torres AC, Lucena R, Tavares-Rodrigues IC, Barouh JL, Lins-Silva DH, Dorea-Bandeira I, Souza LS, Faria-Guimarães D, Tolentino A, Miranda-Scippa Â, Hermens DF, Sampaio AS, Quarantini LC, Glozier N, Hickie IB, Bandeira ID. Psychopathological symptoms in parents and siblings of people on the autism spectrum: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Psychiatry Res 2023; 323:115145. [PMID: 36921507 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2023.115145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Parents and siblings of children on the autism spectrum experience significant distress, and for this reason, it is essential to understand the most prevalent psychopathological symptoms among this population. This work aims to establish the prevalence of psychopathological symptoms in parents and siblings of individuals on the autism spectrum, following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses Protocols (PRISMA-P) criteria. Searches were carried out using the PubMed/Medline, Embase, PsycINFO, SciELO, and Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS) databases. Twenty-three articles were included in this review. Depressive symptoms were the most frequently reported conditions, with a higher prevalence in mothers of children on the autism spectrum. In the meta-analysis, mothers of children on the autism spectrum scored higher by 0.42 standard deviations on the symptom scales (SMD 0.42; CI 0.25-0.59), with low statistical heterogeneity (I2 0%, p = 0.5) when compared with mothers of children with atypical development. The psychopathological symptoms of relatives should be investigated as part of the follow-up procedures for the child on the autism spectrum to facilitate their treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rita Lucena
- Departamento de Neurociências e Saúde Mental, Faculdade de Medicina da Bahia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador 40025010, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina e Saúde, Faculdade de Medicina da Bahia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador 40110060, Brazil
| | | | - Judah L Barouh
- Faculdade de Medicina da Bahia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador 40025010, Brazil; Laboratório de Neuropsicofarmacologia, Serviço de Psiquiatria do Hospital Universitário Professor Edgard Santos, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador 40110060, Brazil
| | - Daniel H Lins-Silva
- Faculdade de Medicina da Bahia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador 40025010, Brazil; Laboratório de Neuropsicofarmacologia, Serviço de Psiquiatria do Hospital Universitário Professor Edgard Santos, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador 40110060, Brazil
| | - Ingrid Dorea-Bandeira
- Laboratório de Neuropsicofarmacologia, Serviço de Psiquiatria do Hospital Universitário Professor Edgard Santos, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador 40110060, Brazil
| | - Lucca S Souza
- Faculdade de Medicina da Bahia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador 40025010, Brazil; Laboratório de Neuropsicofarmacologia, Serviço de Psiquiatria do Hospital Universitário Professor Edgard Santos, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador 40110060, Brazil
| | - Daniela Faria-Guimarães
- Faculdade de Medicina da Bahia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador 40025010, Brazil; Laboratório de Neuropsicofarmacologia, Serviço de Psiquiatria do Hospital Universitário Professor Edgard Santos, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador 40110060, Brazil
| | - Arthur Tolentino
- Faculdade de Medicina da Bahia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador 40025010, Brazil
| | - Ângela Miranda-Scippa
- Departamento de Neurociências e Saúde Mental, Faculdade de Medicina da Bahia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador 40025010, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina e Saúde, Faculdade de Medicina da Bahia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador 40110060, Brazil
| | - Daniel F Hermens
- Sunshine Coast Mind and Neuroscience Thompson Institute, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sunshine Coast 4575, Australia
| | - Aline S Sampaio
- Departamento de Neurociências e Saúde Mental, Faculdade de Medicina da Bahia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador 40025010, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina e Saúde, Faculdade de Medicina da Bahia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador 40110060, Brazil; Laboratório de Neuropsicofarmacologia, Serviço de Psiquiatria do Hospital Universitário Professor Edgard Santos, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador 40110060, Brazil
| | - Lucas C Quarantini
- Departamento de Neurociências e Saúde Mental, Faculdade de Medicina da Bahia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador 40025010, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina e Saúde, Faculdade de Medicina da Bahia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador 40110060, Brazil; Laboratório de Neuropsicofarmacologia, Serviço de Psiquiatria do Hospital Universitário Professor Edgard Santos, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador 40110060, Brazil
| | - Nick Glozier
- Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney 2050, Australia; Faculty of Medicine and Health, Central Clinical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney 2050, Australia
| | - Ian B Hickie
- Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney 2050, Australia
| | - Igor D Bandeira
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Palo Alto 94305, United States.
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10
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Hayes KN, Rossetti KG, Zlomke K, Bcba-D. Community support, family resilience and mental health among caregivers of youth with autism spectrum disorder. Child Care Health Dev 2023; 49:130-136. [PMID: 35751910 DOI: 10.1111/cch.13025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Caregivers of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have been shown to have unique mental health vulnerabilities that community support may buffer. Positive caregiver mental health can stimulate family resilience behaviours, such as strong communication and problem-solving. Further, community support has been found to be related to caregiver mental health, as well as improved child functioning. The current study aims to investigate caregiver mental health as a mediator between community support and family resilience in families of a child with an autism spectrum disorder. METHODS Data obtained from caregivers of 654 children with a reported diagnosis of ASD were utilized from the 2016 National Survey of Children's Health (NSCH) public database. RESULTS Community support was positively correlated with family resilience and caregiver mental health. Bivariate correlations indicated significant positive associations between community support and family resilience. Caregiver mental health, significantly, partially mediated the relationship between community support and family resilience. CONCLUSIONS The present study provides important insight into fostering caregiver health as a strategy to promote family resilience behaviours. Interventions designed to address family resilience behaviours among families of children with ASD should focus on ways that positively impact caregiver mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katey N Hayes
- Department of Psychology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, USA
| | | | - Kimberly Zlomke
- Department of Psychology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, USA
| | - Bcba-D
- University of South Alabama, Department of Psychology, Mobile, AL, U.S
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11
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Chequer de Castro Paiva G, Ferreira e Santos DA, Silva Jales J, Romano-Silva MA, Marques de Miranda D. Online parent training platform for complementary treatment of disruptive behavior disorders in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: A randomized controlled trial protocol. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0272516. [PMID: 36301983 PMCID: PMC9612579 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0272516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is associated with a diversity of impairments and Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD) is a very frequent comorbidity. Parent Training, as an evidence-based intervention, seems effective in reducing externalizing/disruptive behaviors, possibly leading to a better prognosis. This clinical trial aims to evaluate the effectiveness of an online parent training model as a complementary treatment for ADHD and ODD. Methods Patients and their families will be screened upon their entry into the Research Center of Impulsivity and Attention (NITIDA) at UFMG—Brazil. Ninety families whose children are male, between 6–12 years old, and have significant externalizing symptoms and whose primary caregiver have complete high school education will be invited to participate. Families will be randomized (1:1) into 03 groups: 1) standard care; 2) standard care + face-to-face parent training; 3) standard care + online parent training. Interventions are analogous, differing only in delivery format. In the face-to-face format, the intervention will be conducted by a specialized therapist and the online format will be carried out through a platform. There will be six sessions/modules, arranged on a weekly basis. Measures of externalizing symptoms, parental and children quality of life, parental stress and parenting style will be collected at baseline and after the intervention. Discussion This clinical trial intends to verify the effects of a new, online, model of an evidence-based intervention, which would allow a wider access in the Brazilian context. Trial registration Registered on Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials (ReBEC). Number: RBR-6cvc85. July 24th (2020) 05:35 pm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabrielle Chequer de Castro Paiva
- Molecular Medicine Postgraduate Program, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- * E-mail:
| | - Daniel Augusto Ferreira e Santos
- Molecular Medicine Postgraduate Program, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Julia Silva Jales
- Research Center of Impulsivity and Attention, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Marco Aurélio Romano-Silva
- Department of Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Débora Marques de Miranda
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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12
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Filbay S, Bennell KL, Morello R, Smith L, Hinman RS, Lawford BJ. Exploring experiences with telehealth-delivered allied healthcare services for people with permanent and significant disabilities funded through a national insurance scheme: a qualitative study examining challenges and suggestions to improve services. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e065600. [PMID: 36104129 PMCID: PMC9476117 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-065600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In people with a disability, or their caregivers, who reported suboptimal experiences, the objectives were to explore: (1) challenges with telehealth-delivered allied health services during the COVID-19 pandemic and (2) suggestions to improve such services. DESIGN Qualitative study based on an interpretivist paradigm and a phenomenological approach. SETTING Participants who accessed allied healthcare via telehealth during the pandemic. PARTICIPANTS Data saturation was achieved after 12 interviews. The sample comprised three people with permanent or significant disabilities, and nine carers/partners/family members of people with permanent or significant disabilities, who were funded by the Australian National Disability Insurance Scheme and had suboptimal experiences with telehealth. Semistructured one-on-one interviews explored experiences with telehealth and suggestions on how such services could be improved. An inductive thematic analysis was performed. RESULTS Six themes relating to the first study objective (challenges with telehealth) were developed: (1) evoked behavioural issues in children; (2) reliant on caregiver facilitation; (3) inhibits clinician feedback; (4) difficulty building rapport and trust; (5) lack of access to resources and (6) children disengaged/distracted. Five themes relating to the second study objective (suggestions to improve telehealth services) were developed: (1) establish expectations; (2) increase exposure to telehealth; (3) assess suitability of specific services; (4) access to support workers and (5) prepare for telehealth sessions. CONCLUSIONS Some people with permanent and significant disabilities who accessed allied healthcare via telehealth during the pandemic experienced challenges, particularly children. These unique barriers to telehealth need customised solutions so that people with disabilities are not left behind when telehealth services become more mainstream. Increasing experience with telehealth, setting expectations before consultations, supplying resources for therapy and assessing the suitability of clients for telehealth may help overcome some of the challenges experienced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Filbay
- Centre for Health, Exercise and Sports Medicine, Department of Physiotherapy, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kim L Bennell
- Centre for Health, Exercise and Sports Medicine, Department of Physiotherapy, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Renata Morello
- National Disability Insurance Agency, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Lizzie Smith
- National Disability Insurance Agency, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Rana S Hinman
- Centre for Health, Exercise and Sports Medicine, Department of Physiotherapy, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Belinda J Lawford
- Department of Physiotherapy, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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13
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Constable PA, Marmolejo-Ramos F, Gauthier M, Lee IO, Skuse DH, Thompson DA. Discrete Wavelet Transform Analysis of the Electroretinogram in Autism Spectrum Disorder and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:890461. [PMID: 35733935 PMCID: PMC9207322 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.890461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To evaluate the electroretinogram waveform in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) using a discrete wavelet transform (DWT) approach. Methods A total of 55 ASD, 15 ADHD and 156 control individuals took part in this study. Full field light-adapted electroretinograms (ERGs) were recorded using a Troland protocol, accounting for pupil size, with five flash strengths ranging from –0.12 to 1.20 log photopic cd.s.m–2. A DWT analysis was performed using the Haar wavelet on the waveforms to examine the energy within the time windows of the a- and b-waves and the oscillatory potentials (OPs) which yielded six DWT coefficients related to these parameters. The central frequency bands were from 20–160 Hz relating to the a-wave, b-wave and OPs represented by the coefficients: a20, a40, b20, b40, op80, and op160, respectively. In addition, the b-wave amplitude and percentage energy contribution of the OPs (%OPs) in the total ERG broadband energy was evaluated. Results There were significant group differences (p < 0.001) in the coefficients corresponding to energies in the b-wave (b20, b40) and OPs (op80 and op160) as well as the b-wave amplitude. Notable differences between the ADHD and control groups were found in the b20 and b40 coefficients. In contrast, the greatest differences between the ASD and control group were found in the op80 and op160 coefficients. The b-wave amplitude showed both ASD and ADHD significant group differences from the control participants, for flash strengths greater than 0.4 log photopic cd.s.m–2 (p < 0.001). Conclusion This methodological approach may provide insights about neuronal activity in studies investigating group differences where retinal signaling may be altered through neurodevelopment or neurodegenerative conditions. However, further work will be required to determine if retinal signal analysis can offer a classification model for neurodevelopmental conditions in which there is a co-occurrence such as ASD and ADHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul A. Constable
- College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Caring Futures Institute, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- *Correspondence: Paul A. Constable,
| | - Fernando Marmolejo-Ramos
- Centre for Change and Complexity in Learning, The University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Mercedes Gauthier
- Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Irene O. Lee
- Behavioural and Brain Sciences Unit, Population, Policy and Practice Programme, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - David H. Skuse
- Behavioural and Brain Sciences Unit, Population, Policy and Practice Programme, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Dorothy A. Thompson
- The Tony Kriss Visual Electrophysiology Unit, Clinical and Academic Department of Ophthalmology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
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14
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Tu HF, Skalkidou A, Lindskog M, Gredebäck G. Maternal childhood trauma and perinatal distress are related to infants' focused attention from 6 to 18 months. Sci Rep 2021; 11:24190. [PMID: 34921204 PMCID: PMC8683435 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-03568-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Maternal distress is repeatedly reported to have negative impacts on the cognitive development in children and is linked to neurodevelopmental disorders (e.g. attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and autism spectrum disorder). However, studies examining the associations between maternal distress and the development of attention in infancy are few. This study investigated the longitudinal relationships between maternal distress (depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, and exposure to childhood trauma) and the development of focused attention in infancy in 118 mother-infant dyads. We found that maternal exposure to non-interpersonal traumatic events in childhood was associated with the less focused attention of the infants to audio-visual stimuli at 6, 10, and 18 months. In addition, exposure to interpersonal traumatic events in childhood was identified as a moderator of the negative effect of maternal anxiety during the 2nd trimester on the development of focused attention in infants. We discuss the possible mechanisms accounting for these cross-generational effects. Our findings underscore the importance of maternal mental health to the development of focused attention in infancy and address the need for early screening of maternal mental health during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsing-Fen Tu
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, 04103, Leipzig, Germany.
- Department of Psychology, Uppsala University, 75237, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Alkistis Skalkidou
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, 75237, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Marcus Lindskog
- Department of Psychology, Uppsala University, 75237, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Gustaf Gredebäck
- Department of Psychology, Uppsala University, 75237, Uppsala, Sweden
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15
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Tajima H, Ogawa J, Nose I, Pawankar R, Maeda M, Takarabe M, Momota Y, Kakinuma M. The Impact of Childhood Disease on Hospital Visiting: A Survey of Pediatricians. J NIPPON MED SCH 2021; 89:190-195. [PMID: 34526461 DOI: 10.1272/jnms.jnms.2022_89-214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The precise timing as to when caregivers should take their children to the hospital is crucial to ensure the health and safety of children. As children cannot make these decisions on their own, caregivers bear the core responsibility for the wellness of their children. The aim of this study was to determine how disease, disabilities and child behavior can influence when and how often caregivers take their children to the hospital. METHODS A structured anonymous online survey was circulated to pediatricians in Japan. Pediatricians were queried about the patients' dispositions including their reactivity to pain, expression of pain, behavior at the hospital, and the timing of the visit. Patients were school-aged children and included those with autism spectrum disorder, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, Down syndrome, mental retardation, epilepsy, premature birth or allergies. RESULTS Sixty-eight out of the 80 pediatricians responded to the survey (85% response rate). The results indicated that caregivers of the children with autism spectrum disorder, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and mental retardation took them to the hospital later than they should have essentially done. Conversely, children born prematurely or those with allergies were taken to the hospitals even when the symptoms were mild. CONCLUSIONS Caregivers make decisions on when to visit the hospital based on the child's expression of pain and their behavior. The creation of guidelines to give appropriate guidance to caregivers as to when to visit the hospital is essential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanako Tajima
- Department of Pediatrics, Nippon Medical School Musashi-Kosugi Hospital
| | - Juri Ogawa
- Department of Pediatrics, Nippon Medical School Musashi-Kosugi Hospital
| | - Izuru Nose
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University
| | - Ruby Pawankar
- Department of Pediatrics, Nippon Medical School Hospital
| | - Miho Maeda
- Department of Pediatrics, Nippon Medical School Hospital
| | | | - Yutaka Momota
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University
| | - Miki Kakinuma
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University
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16
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Ferguson EF, Jimenez-Muñoz M, Feerst H, Vernon TW. Predictors of Satisfaction with Autism Treatment Services During COVID-19. J Autism Dev Disord 2021; 52:3686-3697. [PMID: 34448995 PMCID: PMC8391872 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-021-05232-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has created unprecedented challenges and disruptions for autistic individuals receiving specialized treatment services. This caregiver-report survey study (n = 339) explored predictors of satisfaction with autism services during COVID-19 to improve perceived support for these families. Specifically, we investigated whether service delivery medium (telehealth vs. in person), child’s emotional functioning, and caregiver stress would predict satisfaction with the most highly utilized services. Satisfaction ratings for ABA/behavioral, speech/language, and occupational therapy were lower when delivered via telehealth as compared to in person. Caregivers who reported higher emotional dysregulation in their children were less satisfied with behavioral therapy services. These results provide a critical caregiver-informed perspective on factors influencing satisfaction with specialized autism services during COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily F Ferguson
- Koegel Autism Center, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, 93117, USA.
| | - Maria Jimenez-Muñoz
- Koegel Autism Center, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, 93117, USA
| | - Harrison Feerst
- Koegel Autism Center, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, 93117, USA
| | - Ty W Vernon
- Koegel Autism Center, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, 93117, USA
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17
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Levante A, Petrocchi S, Bianco F, Castelli I, Colombi C, Keller R, Narzisi A, Masi G, Lecciso F. Psychological Impact of COVID-19 Outbreak on Families of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Typically Developing Peers: An Online Survey. Brain Sci 2021; 11:808. [PMID: 34207173 PMCID: PMC8235600 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci11060808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND When COVID-19 was declared as a pandemic, many countries imposed severe lockdowns that changed families' routines and negatively impacted on parents' and children's mental health. Several studies on families with children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) revealed that lockdown increased the difficulties faced by individuals with ASD, as well as parental distress. No studies have analyzed the interplay between parental distress, children's emotional responses, and adaptive behaviors in children with ASD considering the period of the mandatory lockdown. Furthermore, we compared families with children on the spectrum and families with typically developing (TD) children in terms of their distress, children's emotional responses, and behavioral adaptation. METHODS In this study, 120 parents of children aged 5-10 years (53 with ASD) participated. RESULTS In the four tested models, children's positive and negative emotional responses mediated the impact of parental distress on children's playing activities. In the ASD group, parents reported that their children expressed more positive emotions, but fewer playing activities, than TD children. Families with children on the spectrum reported greater behavioral problems during the lockdown and more parental distress. CONCLUSIONS Our findings inform the interventions designed for parents to reduce distress and to develop coping strategies to better manage the caregiver-child relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annalisa Levante
- Department of History, Society, and Human Studies, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy;
- Laboratory of Applied Psychology, Department of History, Society, and Human Studies, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy;
| | - Serena Petrocchi
- Laboratory of Applied Psychology, Department of History, Society, and Human Studies, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy;
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera Italiana, Via Buffi 13, 6900 Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Federica Bianco
- Department of Human and Social Sciences, University of Bergamo, 23129 Bergamo, Italy; (F.B.); (I.C.)
| | - Ilaria Castelli
- Department of Human and Social Sciences, University of Bergamo, 23129 Bergamo, Italy; (F.B.); (I.C.)
| | - Costanza Colombi
- IRCCS Stella Maris Foundation, 56018 Pisa, Italy; (C.C.); (A.N.); (G.M.)
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Roberto Keller
- Adult Autism Center, Mental Health Department, Local Health Unit ASL Città di Torino, 10138 Turin, Italy;
| | - Antonio Narzisi
- IRCCS Stella Maris Foundation, 56018 Pisa, Italy; (C.C.); (A.N.); (G.M.)
| | - Gabriele Masi
- IRCCS Stella Maris Foundation, 56018 Pisa, Italy; (C.C.); (A.N.); (G.M.)
| | - Flavia Lecciso
- Department of History, Society, and Human Studies, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy;
- Laboratory of Applied Psychology, Department of History, Society, and Human Studies, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy;
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18
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White SW, Stoppelbein L, Scott H, Spain D. It took a pandemic: Perspectives on impact, stress, and telehealth from caregivers of people with autism. RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2021; 113:103938. [PMID: 33730684 PMCID: PMC9758058 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2021.103938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2020] [Revised: 03/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Shelter in place mandates due to the COVID-19 pandemic left caregivers to determine how to best meet the therapeutic requirements of their children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Understanding the challenges faced by families, and their experiences using telehealth for the first time, may help make services sustainable in future public health emergencies. A sample of 70 caregivers of people with ASD from across the US completed an anonymous online survey. Results indicate that impaired emotion regulation was a primary contributor of parent-reported stress for persons with ASD during the pandemic, while loss of established structure and routine contributed to parental stress. Nearly half the sample reported using telehealth for the first time. Many caregivers were appreciative that telehealth permitted continuation of services, but expressed concerns about limited effectiveness due in part to their children's social communication problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan W White
- Center for Youth Development and Intervention, The University of Alabama, 200 Hackberry Lane, Suite 101, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, United States.
| | - Laura Stoppelbein
- Autism Spectrum Disorders Clinic, The University of Alabama, P.O. Box 870161, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, United States.
| | - Hunter Scott
- Department of Psychology, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, United States.
| | - Debbie Spain
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, de Crespigny Park, Denmark Hill, London SE5 8AF, United Kingdom.
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19
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Ansari AMA, Janahi MI, AlTourah AJ, Jahrami HA, Rajab MB. Self-reported psychological disorders among the mothers of children with autism spectrum disorder, type 1 diabetes mellitus, and typically developed children. J Neurodev Disord 2021; 13:21. [PMID: 34022801 PMCID: PMC8141116 DOI: 10.1186/s11689-021-09369-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To assess the prevalence of symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress among mothers of children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD), type 1 diabetes (DM), and typical development (TD), in a geographical area where such data are lacking Method A descriptive study with the three groups of parents of children with and without a condition was conducted (ASD n=126, group 1; DM n=43, group 2; and TD n= 116, comparative group). Measures of depression, anxiety, and stress were collected to examine the prevalence of factors, difference between groups, and their association with demographic characteristics. Results On the DASS-21, both groups 1 and 2 had higher mean scores for depression (37.86), anxiety (4.58), and stress (29.81) than the control group (P=0.015). On the PSS-14, the mean score was higher in group 2 (28.63) than in group 1 (27.61) and the comparison group (25.87) (P=0.004). On the DASS 21, group 1 scored higher in the depression domain (P=0.046), whereas group 2 scored higher in the anxiety domain (P=0.034) and stress domain (P=0.009) than the TD group. Conclusion Mothers of children with ASD should be assessed for the presence of depression following diagnosis. Mothers of children with type 1 diabetes require careful monitoring for the effects of anxiety and stress on their mental health and therefore their ability to cope with diabetes management plans. Trial registration Not applicable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Malalla Al Ansari
- College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Kingdom of Bahrain.
| | - Mohamed Ismael Janahi
- College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Kingdom of Bahrain
| | - Abdulrahman J AlTourah
- College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Kingdom of Bahrain
| | - Haitham Ali Jahrami
- College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Kingdom of Bahrain.,Governmental Hospitals, Ministry of Health, Manama, Bahrain
| | - Mansour Bin Rajab
- Department of Pediatrics-Salmaniya Medical Complex, Ministry of Health, Manama, Bahrain
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20
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Schwartzman JM, Millan ME, Uljarevic M, Gengoux GW. Resilience Intervention for Parents of Children with Autism: Findings from a Randomized Controlled Trial of the AMOR Method. J Autism Dev Disord 2021; 52:738-757. [PMID: 33774741 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-021-04977-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Parents of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) experience elevated stress, yet parent-specific interventions are sparse. Thirty-five parents of children with ASD were randomized to the novel 8-week AMOR (Acceptance, Mindfulness, Optimism, Resilience) Method parent group or waitlist control group. Significant gains in resilience were reported by AMOR parents only (d = 1.42, p < 0.001, 95% CI [2.152, 10.083]). AMOR parents exhibited significant gains in stress management and reductions in mental health symptoms, along with parent-reported improvements in martial, family, and child functioning. AMOR group follow-up data showed some maintenance of treatment gains. Findings demonstrate promise for resilience interventions in parents of children with ASD. The trial was registered (clinicaltrials.gov; NCT03513419; May 1, 2018) and approved by the Stanford University Institutional Review Board.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica M Schwartzman
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, 401 Quarry Road, Stanford, CA, 94305-5719, USA.
| | - Maria Estefania Millan
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, 401 Quarry Road, Stanford, CA, 94305-5719, USA
| | - Mirko Uljarevic
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, 401 Quarry Road, Stanford, CA, 94305-5719, USA.,Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Redmond Barry Building, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia.,Olga Tennison Autism Research Centre, School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Redmond Barry Building, Bundoora, VIC, 3086, Australia
| | - Grace W Gengoux
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, 401 Quarry Road, Stanford, CA, 94305-5719, USA
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21
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Kittel-Schneider S, Quednow BB, Leutritz AL, McNeill RV, Reif A. Parental ADHD in pregnancy and the postpartum period - A systematic review. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2021; 124:63-77. [PMID: 33516734 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2020] [Revised: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common neurodevelopmental disorders worldwide, and in the majority of patients persists into adulthood. However, it remains unclear how maternal ADHD could affect pregnancy and birth as well as early mother-(father)-child interaction. There are several studies investigating the effect of depressed or anxious parents on parent-child-interactions in early infancy, but data about the influence of parental ADHD is lacking although it is a common mental disorder in parents. Additionally, the prescription of stimulant and other ADHD medication for adult ADHD patients is rising due to improved diagnostic procedures and a greater awareness of this disorder in adulthood among psychiatrists and psychologists. However, this leads to increased numbers of treated ADHD women that wish to have children or experience unplanned pregnancies while taking stimulant medication. In our systematic review we aimed at analysing the current evidence for the association of maternal ADHD with pregnancy and birth outcomes, pregnancy risks and health behaviour in pregnancy, as well as the association of parental ADHD with early parent-child interaction and early child development in the first 3 years. Furthermore, we reviewed recent evidence on the risks of stimulant and non-stimulant treatment for ADHD in pregnancy and lactation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Kittel-Schneider
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, Margarete-Höppel-Platz 1, D-97082, Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Boris B Quednow
- Experimental and Clinical Pharmacopsychology, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric Hospital of the University of Zurich, Lenggstr. 31, 8032, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Anna Linda Leutritz
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, Margarete-Höppel-Platz 1, D-97082, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Rhiannon V McNeill
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, Margarete-Höppel-Platz 1, D-97082, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Reif
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Goethe-University of Frankfurt, Heinrich-Hoffmann-Str. 10, D-60528, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
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Fong HX, Cornish K, Kirk H, Ilias K, Shaikh MF, Golden KJ. Impact of the COVID-19 Lockdown in Malaysia: An Examination of the Psychological Well-Being of Parent-Child Dyads and Child Behavior in Families With Children on the Autism Spectrum. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:733905. [PMID: 34721108 PMCID: PMC8555492 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.733905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic lockdowns have adversely impacted children on the autism spectrum and their families, especially in Malaysia where this population is often marginalized. The current quantitative research aimed to investigate the impact of the Malaysian COVID-19 lockdown on the behavior and psychological distress of children formally diagnosed with an autism spectrum condition (ASC) as well as the psychological distress and well-being of their parents, in comparison with a typically developing (TD) control group. Methods: The children's ages ranged between 5 and 17 years. The sample included 72 ASC parent-child dyads and 62 TD parent-child dyads. The primary caregiver completed an online survey including the following: demographic and diagnostic information; ASC symptoms; children's inattention, hyperactivity/impulsivity, perceived stress, depression, and anxiety; parents' perceived stress, depression, anxiety, and well-being based on their experience pre- and mid-lockdown (March 18th to June 9th 2020) in Malaysia. Results: Among the ASC group, no significant pre- and mid-lockdown change was found in ASC symptoms (p > 0.05). There were no significant gender differences (boys/girls) in all the child scales. The 2 [diagnosis (ASC, TD)] × 2 [lockdown (pre-lockdown, mid-lockdown)] mixed-model ANOVAs revealed main effects of lockdown on children's attention, hyperactivity/impulsivity, anxiety, and parents' perceived stress, depression, and psychological well-being (p < 0.005). There was a main effect of diagnosis in all child and parent variables, except parents' perceived stress (p >0.005). However, there was no significant interaction effect between diagnosis and lockdown (p >0.005). All child behavior (inattention and hyperactivity/impulsivity) and child psychological distress (anxiety, depression, and perceived stress) were significantly correlated in both the ASC and TD groups (p < 0.005). On the other hand, only some of the parent variables were significantly correlated with child variables (p < 0.0045) in the ASC group while none of the parent variables were significantly correlated with the child variables (p > 0.005) in the TD group. Conclusion: The results provide preliminary evidence indicating negative effects of the Malaysian lockdown on both children on the autism spectrum and TD children, as well as their parents. These quantitative results will be triangulated with the qualitative interview data to provide a holistic understanding of the impact of the pandemic, informing translational policy and practice recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Xian Fong
- Department of Psychology, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - Kim Cornish
- School of Psychological Sciences and Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing, and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Hannah Kirk
- School of Psychological Sciences and Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing, and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Kartini Ilias
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Puncak Alam, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Farooq Shaikh
- Neuropharmacology Research Strength, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - Karen Jennifer Golden
- Department of Psychology, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Subang Jaya, Malaysia.,Neuropharmacology Research Strength, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
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23
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He T, Su J, Jiang Y, Qin S, Chi P, Lin X. Parenting Stress and Depressive Symptoms Among Chinese Parents of Children With and Without Oppositional Defiant Disorder: A Three-Wave Longitudinal Study. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2020; 51:855-867. [PMID: 32212023 DOI: 10.1007/s10578-020-00974-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Parents of children with oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) experience greater stress in parenting and more parental depressive symptoms. The study examined the longitudinal and bidirectional associations between three dimensions of parenting stress (i.e., parental distress, parent-child dysfunctional interaction, and difficult child) and parental depressive symptoms from a sample of Chinese parents of children with or without ODD. The sample included 256 parents of children with ODD and 265 parents of children without ODD, along with children's teachers. Using a three wave, cross-lagged design, results showed that parents of children with ODD suffered higher levels of parenting stress across three dimensions. For both groups, the links between parental depressive symptoms and subsequent parental distress and difficult child were unidirectional, whereas the relation between parental depressive symptoms and parent-child dysfunctional interaction was bidirectional. Multi-group analysis found that there was no significant difference in the relations between parenting stress and depressive symptoms between the ODD and non-ODD groups. The findings indicated that children with ODD require comprehensive services to address the stress of their parents. The study also provided support for the dynamic and longitudinal relations between specific dimensions of parenting stress and depressive symptoms among parents of children with or without ODD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting He
- Institute of Developmental Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Jinni Su
- Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Yongqiang Jiang
- Institute of Developmental Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Shaozheng Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Peilian Chi
- Department of Psychology, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau SAR, China
| | - Xiuyun Lin
- Institute of Developmental Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China. .,Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.
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24
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Mutluer T, Doenyas C, Aslan Genc H. Behavioral Implications of the Covid-19 Process for Autism Spectrum Disorder, and Individuals' Comprehension of and Reactions to the Pandemic Conditions. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11:561882. [PMID: 33304279 PMCID: PMC7701051 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.561882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
During disasters and pandemics, vulnerable populations such as patients with mental conditions are known to be overly influenced. Yet, not much is known about how the individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), one of the most common neurodevelopmental conditions globally with a prevalence of 1%, are affected from health-related disasters, especially the current Covid-19 pandemic. Therefore, we conducted an investigation of how individuals with ASD responded to Covid-19 in terms of comprehension and adherence to implemented measures; changes in their behavioral problems; and how their caregivers' anxiety levels relate with these behavioral changes. Our sample consisted of 87 individuals with ASD (15 girls; ages ranged from 3-29, with an average of 13.96 ± 6.1). The majority of our sample had problems understanding what Covid-19 is and the measures it requires. They also had challenges in implementing social distance and hygiene-related regulations of the pandemic. The majority stopped receiving special education during this period. We observed a Covid-19-related clinical presentation that resembled PTSD in individuals with ASD in terms of increased stereotypies, aggression, hypersensitivity, behavioral problems, and sleep and appetite alterations. All subscales of Aberrant Behavior Checklist (ABC) differed significantly between before and after the pandemic conditions. The number of hours the children slept significantly decreased from before to during Covid-19. The anxiety levels of caregivers were high and correlated with the current behavioral problem levels of their children, but not with the level of their behavioral problems before the pandemic. The difference in ABC total score and specifically the lethargy/social withdrawal subscale score predicted parents' anxiety score. Our results suggest that the Covid-19 period inflicts specific challenges to individuals with ASD and their caregivers, underlining the need for targeted, distance special education interventions and other support services for this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuba Mutluer
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Koç University, Istanbul, Turkey
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Koç University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ceymi Doenyas
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Koç University, Istanbul, Turkey
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25
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Hong JS, Singh V, Kalb L. Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Symptoms in Young Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder. Autism Res 2020; 14:182-192. [PMID: 33073542 DOI: 10.1002/aur.2414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of the current study was to examine the prevalence of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms among young children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), child and parent-related demographic and clinical correlates of ADHD symptoms, and the relationships between co-occurring mental health problems and ADHD symptoms. Data for this cross-sectional study came from 979 toddlers and preschoolers, ages 1.5-5 years, with ASD. The primary outcome, ADHD symptoms, was measured using the Child Behavior Check List 1.5-5 (CBCL). Additional information from the medical record included demographics, parenting stress, and Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule Second Edition. Descriptive and bivariate (ANOVA, Chi-Square) statistics and multivariate, multinomial regression analyses were used to examine demographic and clinical differences between low, moderate, and high ADHD symptom groups, as defined by 2 ADHD-related subscales. There were 418 (43%) children in the low ADHD symptom group, 294 (30%) in the moderate ADHD symptom group, and 267 (27%) in the high ADHD symptom group. Those with high ADHD symptoms were less likely to be Black or Hispanic and less likely to have parents with a graduate-level education compared to those with low ADHD symptoms. Parenting stress and all CBCL DSM-oriented subscales were positively associated with increasing ADHD symptoms. Among young children with ASD, ADHD symptoms were highly prevalent. The presence of ADHD symptoms was associated with increasing parenting stress and greater levels of other psychopathologies. These data suggest that young children with ASD should be evaluated for ADHD, and mental health as a whole. LAY SUMMARY: We investigated attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms in toddlers and preschoolers with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) from a large sample with diverse race and socioeconomic background. In our study, we found that ADHD symptoms are highly prevalent in young children with ASD and are associated with increasing parenting stress and greater level of other psychopathologies, both internalizing and externalizing problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji S Hong
- Center for Autism and Related Disorders, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Vini Singh
- Center for Autism and Related Disorders, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Luke Kalb
- Center for Autism and Related Disorders, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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26
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Hollingdale J, Woodhouse E, Young S, Fridman A, Mandy W. Autistic spectrum disorder symptoms in children and adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a meta-analytical review. Psychol Med 2020; 50:2240-2253. [PMID: 31530292 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291719002368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Research identifies highly variable prevalence estimates for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in children and adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), particularly between community and clinical samples, warranting quantitative meta-analyses to investigate the true prevalence of ASD in children and adolescents with ADHD. METHODS Studies were identified through a systematic literature search of PsycINFO, MEDLINE and Web of Science through January 2018. Twenty-two publications met inclusion criteria (total N = 61 985). Two random effects meta-analyses were conducted: (1) to identify the proportion of children and adolescents with ADHD that met criteria for ASD; and (2) to compare the severity of dimensionally-measured ASD symptomology in children and adolescents with and without ADHD. RESULTS The overall pooled effect for children and adolescents with ADHD who met threshold for ASD was 21%. There was no significant difference between community samples (19%) and clinical samples (24%) or between US studies v. those from other countries. Children and adolescents with ADHD had substantially more dimensionally-measured ASD traits compared with those who did not have ADHD (d = 1.23). CONCLUSION The findings provide further evidence that ADHD and ASD are associated in nature. Clinical and research implications are discussed.
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27
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Chan RCH, Yi H, Siu QKY. Polymorbidity of developmental disabilities: Additive effects on child psychosocial functioning and parental distress. RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2020; 99:103579. [PMID: 32078912 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2020.103579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND While parents of children with developmental disabilities show greater parenting burden and distress compared with their counterparts, little is known about to what extent developmental polymorbidity in children escalates and magnifies the risk of parental distress. AIMS This study investigated the co-occurrence of developmental disabilities among a sample of elementary school children and examined its additive effects on child psychosocial functioning and parental distress. METHODS AND PROCEDURES A cross-sectional survey among 710 parents of elementary school children in Hong Kong included measures of child psychosocial functioning and parental stress. Structural equation modeling was used to test a hypothesized model in which child psychosocial functioning mediates the effect of developmental polymorbidity on parental distress. OUTCOMES AND RESULTS About one-fourth of the participants reported their children having two or more developmental disabilities. The number of developmental disabilities was positively related to the severity of emotional and behavioral problems in children, which in turn explained general and parenting distress in parents. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Given the heightened vulnerability to distress among parents of children with multiple developmental disabilities, psychological care should particularly target this population. Early identification and intervention strategies are also needed to detect children with multiple co-occurring developmental disabilities, which could potentially alleviate their emotional and behavioral problems and lessen the parenting burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Randolph C H Chan
- Department of Special Education and Counselling, The Education University of Hong Kong, Tai Po, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
| | - Huso Yi
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore.
| | - Queenie K Y Siu
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern Hospital, Hospital Authority, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
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28
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Examining the Relationship Between Parental Symptomatology and Treatment Outcomes in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder. J Autism Dev Disord 2020; 49:4681-4685. [PMID: 31375972 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-019-04151-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
This report examines the relationship between treatment response in children with ASD and parents' affective symptomatology. This study examined 29 children with ASD in a manualized group psychotherapy program, Resilience Builder Program® (RBP), where emotional and social functioning of parent and child were measured through pre- and post-treatment questionnaires. Greater parental symptomatology was associated with children's reduced response to RBP in resilience-based emotion regulation skills. Greater parental interpersonal sensitivity (β = - .27, p = .024) predicted worse post-treatment scores in child communication skills, greater parental anxious symptoms (β = - .45, p = .005) predicted worse post-treatment scores in child emotional control, and greater parental depressive (β = .27, p = .041) and anxious symptoms (β = .36, p = .004) predicted worse post-treatment scores in child internalizing problems.
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29
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Jonsson U, Coco C, Fridell A, Brown S, Berggren S, Hirvikoski T, Bölte S. Proof of concept: The TRANSITION program for young adults with autism spectrum disorder and/or attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Scand J Occup Ther 2019; 28:78-90. [PMID: 31790309 DOI: 10.1080/11038128.2019.1695933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The support needs of people with neurodevelopmental disorders are not sufficiently met during the initial years of adulthood. AIM To evaluate feasibility and preliminary effects of a novel programme designed to empower young adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and/or attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) to make progress within significant life domains (i.e. work, education, finance, housing/household management, health, leisure/participation in society, and relationships/social network). MATERIAL AND METHOD TRANSITION is a 24-week programme that combines group-based workshops with personalised support based on goal attainment scaling. The study enrolled 26 young adults (50% females; age 17-24 years) in the normative intellectual range, diagnosed with ASD (n = 8), ADHD (n = 4), or both (n = 14). The intervention was delivered by the regular staff of publicly funded psychiatric services in Stockholm, Sweden. RESULTS The programme was possible to implement with minor deviations from the manual. Participants and staff generally viewed the intervention positively, but also provided feedback to guide further improvement. There was a high degree of attendance throughout, with 21 participants (81%) completing the programme. All completers exceeded their predefined goal expectations within at least one domain. CONCLUSIONS The TRANSITION-programme is a promising concept that deserves further evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulf Jonsson
- Karolinska Institutet Center of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (KIND), Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm Health Care Services, CAP Research Centre, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Neuroscience, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.,Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Stockholm Health Services, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Christina Coco
- Karolinska Institutet Center of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (KIND), Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm Health Care Services, CAP Research Centre, Stockholm, Sweden.,Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Stockholm Health Services, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Fridell
- Karolinska Institutet Center of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (KIND), Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm Health Care Services, CAP Research Centre, Stockholm, Sweden.,Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Stockholm Health Services, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sara Brown
- The Swedish Prison and Probation Service, Norrköping, Sweden
| | - Steve Berggren
- Karolinska Institutet Center of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (KIND), Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm Health Care Services, CAP Research Centre, Stockholm, Sweden.,Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Stockholm Health Services, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tatja Hirvikoski
- Karolinska Institutet Center of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (KIND), Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm Health Care Services, CAP Research Centre, Stockholm, Sweden.,Habilitation and Health, Stockholm County Council, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sven Bölte
- Karolinska Institutet Center of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (KIND), Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm Health Care Services, CAP Research Centre, Stockholm, Sweden.,Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Stockholm Health Services, Stockholm, Sweden.,Curtin Autism Research Group, School of Occupational Therapy, Social Work and Speech Pathology, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia
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30
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Druker K, Mazzucchelli T, Hennessey N, Beilby J. Parent perceptions of an integrated stuttering treatment and behavioral self-regulation program for early developmental stuttering. JOURNAL OF FLUENCY DISORDERS 2019; 62:105726. [PMID: 31756581 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfludis.2019.105726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Revised: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Recent research has identified approximately half of children who stutter present with self-regulation challenges. These manifest in elevated inattentive and/or impulsive behaviours, aligned with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms. These symptoms have been found to influence the child's responsiveness to their stuttering treatment, and may exacerbate the psychosocial consequences of stuttering for them and their families. Early stuttering intervention identifies parents as key agents of change in the management of their children's stuttering. This study sought feedback from parents regarding their experiences with an integrated stuttering treatment and behavioral self-regulation program for early developmental stuttering, addressing the child's self-regulation challenges. METHOD Eight parents of children who stutter who had co-occurring self-regulation challenges completed the integrated program. This incorporated the Triple P--Positive Parenting Program adapted for the developmental stuttering population, and the Curtin University Stuttering Program (CUSP). Semi-structured qualitative interviews were conducted to capture parents' reflections on, and experiences with, the integrated program. RESULTS Thematic analysis identified several major themes regarding the parents' experiences with the integrated program: emotional impact on parents, child self-regulation, link between stuttering and behaviour, parent self-regulation, impact on family dynamics, and overall positive perceptions of the integrated program. All of the parents indicated they would recommend the program to future parents of children who stutter. CONCLUSION This study provides insights into parents' perceptions regarding an integrated intervention approach for early stuttering and behavior management. It also indicates how adopting a holistic approach to stuttering intervention is positive and has social validity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerianne Druker
- School of Occupational Therapy, Social Work and Speech Pathology, Curtin University, Western Australia, Australia
| | | | - Neville Hennessey
- School of Occupational Therapy, Social Work and Speech Pathology, Curtin University, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Janet Beilby
- School of Occupational Therapy, Social Work and Speech Pathology, Curtin University, Western Australia, Australia.
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31
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Pattini E, Carnevali L, Troisi A, Matrella G, Rollo D, Fornari M, Sgoifo A. Psychological characteristics and physiological reactivity to acute stress in mothers of children with autism spectrum disorder. Stress Health 2019; 35:421-431. [PMID: 31025526 DOI: 10.1002/smi.2870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Revised: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Stress related to parenting a child with autism spectrum disorder can differently affect caregiver's physiological reactivity to acute stress. Here, parental stress levels, psychological characteristics, and coping strategies were assessed alongside measures of heart rate, heart rate variability, and cortisol during a psychosocial stress test in mothers of children with ASD (M-ASD, n = 15) and mothers of typically developing children (n = 15). M-ASD reported significantly higher levels of parental stress, anxiety, negative affectivity, social inhibition, and a larger preference for avoidance strategies. M-ASD showed larger heart rate and cortisol responses to the psychosocial stress test. A positive relationship was found between parental stress levels and the magnitude of the cortisol stress response in both groups. The present findings indicate exaggerated physiological reactivity to acute psychosocial stress in M-ASD and prompt further research to explore the role of individual differences in mediating the effects of parental stress on physiological stress responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Pattini
- Centro per la Cura, la Diagnosi e lo Studio dei Disturbi della Comunicazione e della Socializzazione, Ausl Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Luca Carnevali
- Stress Physiology Lab, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Alfonso Troisi
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Guido Matrella
- Department of Engineering and Architecture, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Dolores Rollo
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | | | - Andrea Sgoifo
- Stress Physiology Lab, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
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32
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Blacher J, Baker BL. Collateral Effects of Youth Disruptive Behavior Disorders on Mothers' Psychological Distress: Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder, Intellectual Disability, or Typical Development. J Autism Dev Disord 2019; 49:2810-2821. [PMID: 29071563 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-017-3347-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Disruptive behavior disorders were assessed in 160 youth aged 13 years, with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD, n = 48), intellectual disability (ID, n = 28), or typical development (TD, n = 84). Mothers' reported collateral effects on their psychological adjustment were related to both youth disability status and clinical level behavior disorders. More youth with ASD or ID had clinical level behavior disorders than their TD peers, and their mothers reported significantly higher personal stress and psychological symptoms, as well as lower positive impact of the youth on the family. The youth's clinical level behavior disorders accounted for these differences more than the diagnostic status. Mothers high in dispositional optimism reported the lowest stress and psychological symptoms in relationship to youth behavior challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Blacher
- Graduate School of Education, University of California, UCR, Sproul Hall, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA.
| | - Bruce L Baker
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Franz Hall, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
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33
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Ang KQP, Loh PR. Mental Health and Coping in Parents of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) in Singapore: An Examination of Gender Role in Caring. J Autism Dev Disord 2019; 49:2129-2145. [PMID: 30706349 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-019-03900-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Research has supported the notion that gender plays a significant role in coping and mental health outcome among parents of children with ASD. The current study aims to examine gender role in the relationship between mental health outcome and coping in parents of children with ASD in Singapore. This study involved 97 fathers and 106 mothers of children with ASD completing self-report questionnaires. MANOVA revealed mothers experienced significantly higher stress levels than fathers. Stress was a significant predictor of depression for fathers but not for mothers. Regression analyses found use of active avoidance coping moderated the relationship between stress and depression in both parents. Implications of these findings on intervention are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pek Ru Loh
- National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological University, 1 Nanyang Walk, Singapore, 637616, Singapore
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34
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High Functioning Autism Spectrum Disorders in Adults: Consequences for Primary Caregivers Compared to Schizophrenia and Depression. J Autism Dev Disord 2019; 48:1920-1931. [PMID: 29313177 PMCID: PMC5948267 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-017-3445-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Primary caregivers experience consequences from being in close contact to a person with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This study used the Involvement Evaluation Questionnaire to explore the level of consequences of 104 caregivers involved with adults with High Functioning ASD (HF-ASD) and compared these with the consequences reported by caregivers of patients suffering from depression and schizophrenia. Caregivers involved with adults with an HF-ASD experience overall consequences comparable to those involved with patients with depression or schizophrenia. Worrying was the most reported consequence. More tension was experienced by the caregivers of ASD patients, especially by spouses. More care and attention for spouses of adults with an HF-ASD appears to be needed.
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35
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Karaivazoglou K, Papadaki E, Iconomou G, Touliatos G, Kotsopoulos S, Assimakopoulos K. Psychological distress and health-related quality of life in parents of children referred to an outpatient service for children with developmental disorders. Australas Psychiatry 2019; 27:152-156. [PMID: 30474387 DOI: 10.1177/1039856218815754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The current study's aim was to measure anxiety, depression and quality of life in parents of children referred for developmental evaluation. METHODS The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and the Short Form 36 Health Survey were used to assess anxiety, depression and quality of life, respectively. RESULTS One hundred and thirty parents participated in the study, 95 with a child referred for evaluation and 35 with healthy children. Parents of developmentally impaired children reported increased anxiety ( p=0.002) and depression ( p<0.001) and worse social functioning ( p=0.002) and mental health ( p=0.017). Mothers of developmentally impaired children reported significantly increased anxiety symptoms ( p=0.012) and bodily pain ( p=0.046) and lower levels of vitality ( p=0.009), social functioning ( p=0.005) and mental health ( p=0.008). More children in the family correlated with increased anxiety scores ( p=0.021), while higher child age was associated with more anxiety symptoms ( p=0.002), more role limitations due to emotional problems ( p=0.003) and worse mental health ( p=0.002). CONCLUSIONS Parenting children with developmental difficulties is associated with significant psychological distress and disturbed quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katerina Karaivazoglou
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatrist, Day Centre for Children with Autism Spectrum and other Developmental Disorders, Messolonghi, Greece
| | - Ermioni Papadaki
- Social Worker, Day Centre for Children with Autism Spectrum and other Developmental Disorders, Messolonghi, Greece
| | - Gregoris Iconomou
- Psychologist, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Patras, Rio, Greece
| | - Gerasimos Touliatos
- Administrative Supervisor, Day Centre for Children with Autism Spectrum and other Developmental Disorders, Messolonghi, Greece
| | - Sotirios Kotsopoulos
- Professor of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Day Centre for Children with Autism Spectrum and other Developmental Disorders, Messolonghi, Greece
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Urbano MR, Teal Raffaele C, Kreiser NL, Flaherty JM, Hartmann K. Clinical considerations for the inclusion of individuals with autism spectrum disorder in clinical trials. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2019; 89:295-302. [PMID: 30290207 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2018.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Revised: 09/21/2018] [Accepted: 09/30/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Diagnoses of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have increased considerably over the past 20 years. Because of this rise and the inherent complexity of ASD, there is a need for an increased number of scientifically valid basic and clinical research studies addressing this disorder. This manuscript serves as an introduction to the clinical presentation of ASD as well as the unique challenges and modifications required to conduct clinical research with this population. This includes detailing the current diagnostic criteria, process of receiving an ASD diagnosis, information on assessment measures, and special considerations when developing research. It is the hope that this information will provide researchers interested in conducting clinical trials with those with ASD with baseline information and considerations when developing their research topics and methodology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria R Urbano
- Eastern Virginia Medical School, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, 825 Fairfax Avenue, Suite 710, Norfolk, VA 23507-1912, United States.
| | - C Teal Raffaele
- Eastern Virginia Medical School, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, 825 Fairfax Avenue, Suite 710, Norfolk, VA 23507-1912, United States
| | - Nicole L Kreiser
- Eastern Virginia Medical School, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, 825 Fairfax Avenue, Suite 710, Norfolk, VA 23507-1912, United States
| | - Jennifer M Flaherty
- Eastern Virginia Medical School, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, 825 Fairfax Avenue, Suite 710, Norfolk, VA 23507-1912, United States
| | - Kathrin Hartmann
- Eastern Virginia Medical School, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, 825 Fairfax Avenue, Suite 710, Norfolk, VA 23507-1912, United States
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O'leimat AS, Alhussami M, Rayan A. The correlates of psychological distress among parents of children with psychiatric disorders. JOURNAL OF CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHIATRIC NURSING 2019; 32:24-32. [DOI: 10.1111/jcap.12223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Revised: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Saed O'leimat
- Department of Community Health Nursing, School of Nursing, The University of JordanAmman Jordan
| | - Mahmoud Alhussami
- Department of Community Health Nursing, School of Nursing, The University of JordanAmman Jordan
| | - Ahmad Rayan
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Zarqa UniversityZarqa Jordan
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Cavonius-Rintahaka D, Aho AL, Voutilainen A, Billstedt E, Gillberg C. Health, functionality, and social support in families with a child with a neurodevelopmental disorder - a pilot study. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2019; 15:1151-1161. [PMID: 31190823 PMCID: PMC6514252 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s195722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Several studies have reported that having a child with a neurodevelopmental disorder (NDD) increases parental stress and that parental psychosocial functioning influences child`s development and behavior. It is unclear how parents of children with NDD experience family functionality, family health and receive support and if there are differences between experiences of mothers and fathers. Methods: Families with children referred to a neurocognitive unit were invited to the study. A modified version of the FAmily Functionality, HEalth, and Social support (FAFHES) questionnaire was used. Open-ended questions were also included. Results: Parents rated their social support lower than their family functionality and family health. Family functionality correlated positively with family health. No significant differences were found between mothers' and fathers' experiences. A three-months test-retest using the FAFHES showed no significant change in ratings of family functionality, family health, and social support. Conclusions: Family functionality was connected to family health in families with a child with NDD. Mothers and fathers experienced their family health, family functionality, and received social support in similar ways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Cavonius-Rintahaka
- Gillberg Neuropsychiatry Centre, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Child Psychiatry, Neuropsychiatric Unit, Helsinki University Hospital (HUH), Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anna Liisa Aho
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Nursing Science, University of Tampere, Tampere, Helsinki
| | - Arja Voutilainen
- Child Psychiatry, Neuropsychiatric Unit, Helsinki University Hospital (HUH), Helsinki, Finland
| | - Eva Billstedt
- Gillberg Neuropsychiatry Centre, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Christopher Gillberg
- Gillberg Neuropsychiatry Centre, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg, Sweden
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McKinney C, Gadke DL, Malkin ML. Autism spectrum disorder traits in typically developing emerging adults and associated parenting: A person-centered approach. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2018; 66:588-596. [PMID: 29447619 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2018.1440576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Revised: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 02/10/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Research on parenting children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) indicates these children receive parenting tailored to their condition. However, little is known about ASD in adulthood, especially in emerging adults at college, and how they are parented. The current study examined how emerging adults in a non-clinical typically-developing sample differed in their current perceptions of parenting as a function of ASD traits. Participants completed questionnaires about their current perceptions of parenting and self-reported ASD traits. Parenting characteristics assessed included parenting style, discipline, parent-child relationship quality, and parental distress. Results indicated that higher levels of self-reported ASD traits were associated with increasingly ineffective parenting characteristics including lower authoritative style, harsher discipline, poorer parent-child relationship quality (e.g., lower involvement), and higher parental distress. Researchers are encouraged to extend ASD research into adulthood by validating diagnostic methods with adults and investigating processes in adulthood that have been well-established in the childhood ASD literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cliff McKinney
- a Department of Psychology , Mississippi State University , Mississippi State , Mississippi , USA
| | - Daniel L Gadke
- b Department of Counseling, Educational Psychology, & Foundations, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State , Mississippi , USA
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Bishop-Fitzpatrick L, Dababnah S, Baker-Ericzén MJ, Smith MJ, Magaña SM. Autism spectrum disorder and the science of social work: A grand challenge for social work research. SOCIAL WORK IN MENTAL HEALTH 2018; 17:73-92. [PMID: 31105472 PMCID: PMC6521880 DOI: 10.1080/15332985.2018.1509411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The social work profession has not yet taken a leadership role in addressing the myriad of challenges that individuals on the autism spectrum encounter across the lifespan. In this essay, we argue that social workers are well equipped to engage in research and practice aimed at promoting full and meaningful inclusion in society, as well as social and economic justice, for individuals on the autism spectrum. We highlight short- and long-term goals that provide the social work profession with a framework to engage in research, practice, education, and advocacy aimed at supporting individuals on the autism spectrum and their families.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mary J. Baker-Ericzén
- Child and Adolescent Services Research Center at Rady Children’s Hospital, San Diego, CA, USA
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Chan KKS, Lam CB, Law NCW, Cheung RYM. From child autistic symptoms to parental affective symptoms: A family process model. RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2018; 75:22-31. [PMID: 29455076 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2018.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Revised: 12/23/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression and anxiety are prevalent among parents of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), but limited research has investigated why parenting a child with ASD is associated with elevated distress and increased risks of mental health problems. We responded to this gap in the literature by examining the associations between child autistic symptoms and parental affective symptoms, as well as the potential underlying mechanisms. Guided by a family process theory, we hypothesized that child autistic symptoms would be positively associated with parental depressive and anxiety symptoms, and that these associations would be mediated by parents' concerns about their children's characteristics (future-related worry), parental roles (parenting stress), marital relationships (marital conflicts), and family conditions (family economic pressure). METHODS Cross-sectional questionnaire data were collected from 375 parents of children with ASD residing in Hong Kong, China. The hypotheses were tested using structural equation modeling. RESULTS Child autistic symptoms were positively associated with parental depressive and anxiety symptoms. These associations were mediated by future-related worry, parenting stress, marital conflicts, and family economic pressure. CONCLUSIONS Our findings revealed the potential pathways through which child autism symptomatology may adversely affect parental mental health. Our findings also highlighted the importance of designing multipronged intervention programs for families raising children with ASD in order to improve relevant family processes and reduce parental affective symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Ka Shing Chan
- Department of Psychology, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Centre for Psychosocial Health, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
| | - Chun Bun Lam
- Department of Early Childhood Education, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Centre for Child and Family Science, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Naska Chung Wa Law
- Department of Childcare, Elderly and Community Services, Hong Kong Institute of Vocational Education, Hong Kong
| | - Ryan Yat Ming Cheung
- Society for the Welfare of the Autistic Persons, Hong Kong; Educational Psychology Service, Social Services Department, Po Leung Kuk, Hong Kong
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Marshall B, Kollia B, Wagner V, Yablonsky D. Identifying Depression in Parents of Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder: Recommendations for Professional Practice. J Psychosoc Nurs Ment Health Serv 2018; 56:23-27. [DOI: 10.3928/02793695-20171128-02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 11/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Shepherd D, Landon J, Taylor S, Goedeke S. Coping and care-related stress in parents of a child with autism spectrum disorder. ANXIETY STRESS AND COPING 2018; 31:277-290. [DOI: 10.1080/10615806.2018.1442614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Shepherd
- School of Public Health and Psychosocial Studies, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Jason Landon
- School of Public Health and Psychosocial Studies, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Steve Taylor
- School of Public Health and Psychosocial Studies, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Sonja Goedeke
- School of Public Health and Psychosocial Studies, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
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Risk factors for parental psychopathology: a study in families with children or adolescents with psychopathology. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2018; 27:1575-1584. [PMID: 29644474 PMCID: PMC6245117 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-018-1156-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The parents of children with psychopathology are at increased risk for psychiatric symptoms. To investigate which parents are mostly at risk, we assessed in a clinical sample of families with children with psychopathology, whether parental symptom scores can be predicted by offspring psychiatric diagnoses and other child, parent and family characteristics. Parental depressive, anxiety, avoidant personality, attention-deficit/hyperactivity (ADHD), and antisocial personality symptoms were measured with the Adult Self Report in 1805 mothers and 1361 fathers of 1866 children with a psychiatric diagnosis as assessed in a child and adolescent psychiatric outpatient clinic. In a multivariate model, including all parental symptom scores as outcome variables, all offspring psychiatric diagnoses, offspring comorbidity and age, parental age, parental educational attainment, employment, and relationship status were simultaneously tested as predictors. Both 35.7% of mothers and 32.8% of fathers scored (sub)clinical for at least one symptom domain, mainly depressive symptoms, ADHD symptoms or, only in fathers, avoidant personality symptoms. Parental psychiatric symptoms were predicted by unemployment. Parental depressive and ADHD symptoms were further predicted by offspring depression and offspring ADHD, respectively, as well as by not living together with the other parent. Finally, parental avoidant personality symptoms were also predicted by offspring autism spectrum disorders. In families with children referred to child and adolescent psychiatric outpatient clinics, parental symptom scores are associated with adverse circumstances and with similar psychopathology in their offspring. This signifies, without implying causality, that some families are particularly vulnerable, with multiple family members affected and living in adverse circumstances.
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Associations between Familial Rates of Psychiatric Disorders and De Novo Genetic Mutations in Autism. AUTISM RESEARCH AND TREATMENT 2017; 2017:9371964. [PMID: 29250444 PMCID: PMC5698792 DOI: 10.1155/2017/9371964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2017] [Revised: 09/27/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the confluence of genetic and familial risk factors in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) with distinct de novo genetic events. We hypothesized that gene-disrupting mutations would be associated with reduced rates of familial psychiatric disorders relative to structural mutations. Participants included families of children with ASD in four groups: de novo duplication copy number variations (DUP, n = 62), de novo deletion copy number variations (DEL, n = 74), de novo likely gene-disrupting mutations (LGDM, n = 267), and children without a known genetic etiology (NON, n = 2111). Familial rates of psychiatric disorders were calculated from semistructured interviews. Results indicated overall increased rates of psychiatric disorders in DUP families compared to DEL and LGDM families, specific to paternal psychiatric histories, and particularly evident for depressive disorders. Higher rates of depressive disorders in maternal psychiatric histories were observed overall compared to paternal histories and higher rates of anxiety disorders were observed in paternal histories for LGDM families compared to DUP families. These findings support the notion of an additive contribution of genetic etiology and familial factors are associated with ASD risk and highlight critical need for continued work targeting these relationships.
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Takahashi M, Adachi M, Takayanagi N, Yasuda S, Tanaka M, Osato-Kaneda A, Masuda T, Nakai A, Saito M, Kuribayashi M, Nakamura K. Coordination difficulties in preschool-aged children are associated with maternal parenting stress: A community-based cross-sectional study. RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2017; 70:11-21. [PMID: 28865302 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2017.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2016] [Revised: 07/29/2017] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although coordination difficulties are sometimes observed even in children in the general population, no empirical studies have examined the impact of these difficulties on parenting stress. AIMS The aim of this study was to elucidate the relationship between coordination difficulties and parenting stress in a community-based sample of preschool-aged children and their mothers. METHODS The study included 1691 families. Mothers with 4- or 5-year-old children completed questionnaires about parenting stress and children's coordination difficulties, as well as traits associated with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). RESULTS The results of hierarchical multiple regression analyses showed that coordination difficulties, and ADHD and ASD traits were each independent predictors of parenting stress. Among the significant predictive factors, impaired general coordination, as well as hyperactivity-impulsivity, showed a strong impact on parenting stress. In addition, a gender difference was observed in the manner in which coordination difficulties influenced parenting stress. CONCLUSIONS Coordination difficulties in preschool-aged children in the general population increased maternal parenting stress (as did ADHD and ASD traits). This highlights the need to provide support for mothers who have children with coordination difficulties, even when there is no clinical diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michio Takahashi
- Research Center for Child Mental Development, Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki, Aomori, Japan.
| | - Masaki Adachi
- Research Center for Child Mental Development, Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki, Aomori, Japan.
| | - Nobuya Takayanagi
- Faculty of Human Studies, Aichi Toho University, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan.
| | - Sayura Yasuda
- Research Center for Child Mental Development, Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki, Aomori, Japan.
| | - Masanori Tanaka
- Department of Management, Faculty of Business Administration, Hokkai-Gakuen University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan.
| | - Ayako Osato-Kaneda
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki, Aomori, Japan.
| | - Takahito Masuda
- Faculty of Education, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki, Aomori, Japan.
| | - Akio Nakai
- Hyogo Children's Sleep and Development Medical Research Center, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan.
| | - Manabu Saito
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki, Aomori, Japan.
| | - Michito Kuribayashi
- Research Center for Child Mental Development, Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki, Aomori, Japan.
| | - Kazuhiko Nakamura
- Research Center for Child Mental Development, Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki, Aomori, Japan; Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki, Aomori, Japan.
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Ridderinkhof A, de Bruin EI, Blom R, Bögels SM. Mindfulness-Based Program for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Their Parents: Direct and Long-Term Improvements. Mindfulness (N Y) 2017; 9:773-791. [PMID: 29875881 PMCID: PMC5968048 DOI: 10.1007/s12671-017-0815-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A combined mindfulness-based program for children and their parents (MYmind) was beneficial for adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). In this study, we investigated whether this program is also beneficial for younger children with ASD, whether effects last on the long-term, and whether it reduces common comorbid problems. Forty-five children referred with ASD aged 8 until 19 years old, and their parents participated. Repeated measures of children's and parents' social communication problems, emotional and behavioral functioning, mindful awareness, and of parenting were conducted pre-intervention, post intervention, 2-month follow-up, and 1-year follow-up. While children did not report significant changes in mindful awareness, their social communication problems decreased, and their emotional and behavioral functioning improved. Results were not consistent at each occasion; improvements reported by children were most substantial at a 2-month follow-up and only partly remained at a 1-year follow-up, while all children's improvements as reported by parents were present on all occasions. Parents themselves reported improved emotional and behavioral functioning, improved parenting, and increased mindful awareness on all occasions. Parents' social communication problems reduced only directly after the intervention. Most improvements were supported by the qualitative investigation of children's and parents' experienced change as reported on open-ended questions. This study suggests that children, including adolescents, with ASD and their parents can benefit from a mindfulness-based program with parallel sessions for children and parents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Ridderinkhof
- Research Institute of Child Development and Education, University of Amsterdam, Nieuwe Achtergracht 127, 1018 WS Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Esther I. de Bruin
- Research Institute of Child Development and Education, University of Amsterdam, Nieuwe Achtergracht 127, 1018 WS Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - René Blom
- Karakter, Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Center, Dr. E. Schattenkerkweg 1, 8025 BW Zwolle, The Netherlands
| | - Susan M. Bögels
- Research Institute of Child Development and Education, University of Amsterdam, Nieuwe Achtergracht 127, 1018 WS Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- UvA minds, Academic Outpatient Child and Adolescent Treatment Center, University of Amsterdam, Banstraat 29, 1071 JW Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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48
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Lee SL, Peng MSC. The Effects of Group Art Therapy on Mothers of Children With Special Educational Needs. ART THERAPY 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/07421656.2016.1273697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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49
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Trzebiński J, Wołowicz-Ruszkowska A, Wójcik AD. The Impact of Self-Narratives of Motherhood for Mothers of Children with Autism. Front Psychol 2016; 7:1899. [PMID: 27994568 PMCID: PMC5136541 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2015] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The main goal of this study was to identify the impact of a narrative construction of a life challenge - discovering to have a child with autism - on the meaning of life and on resources for coping depending on the challenge’s novelty, i.e., the number of years from the diagnosis. Three hundred and sixty four mothers of children with autism participated in a long-term 3 × 2 experiment. Half of the mothers had children with autism at the age of 9–12 years. For the remaining half, having children with autism was a new and stressful life situation. Their children were 2–3 years old and just diagnosed by a medical center as having autism spectrum disorder. The mothers were assigned to one of three study conditions: they were either asked to write stories of their motherhood or to describe their children’s behavior on a questionnaire or they did not participate in any tasks. One month and then 4 months after this task the participants completed measures of meaning of life and several well-being scales. The results indicated that following the narrative writing the participants had the highest scores on the meaning of life and well-being scales. This affect was sustained over 4 months and was significant only for mothers with older children. The mediation analysis showed that the effects of the experimental conditions on different well-being scales were mediated by the changes in perceived meaning of life. The results suggest that construction of self-narratives of difficult ongoing challenges facilitates meaning making and subsequently strengthens resources for coping. However, it seems that a meaning-making construction of such self-story may be blocked by the uncertainty and stress caused by novelty of the challenging situation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerzy Trzebiński
- Department of Psychology, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities Warsaw, Poland
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50
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Green JL, Rinehart N, Anderson V, Efron D, Nicholson JM, Jongeling B, Hazell P, Sciberras E. Association between autism symptoms and family functioning in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a community-based study. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2016; 25:1307-1318. [PMID: 27154048 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-016-0861-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2015] [Accepted: 04/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) symptoms are elevated in populations of children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). This study examined cross-sectional associations between ASD symptoms and family functioning in children with and without ADHD. Participants were recruited to a longitudinal cohort study, aged 6-10 years (164 ADHD; 198 controls). ADHD cases were ascertained using community-based screening and diagnostic confirmation from a diagnostic interview. ASD symptoms were measured using the Social Communication Questionnaire. Outcome variables were parent mental health, family quality of life (FQoL), couple conflict and support, and parenting behaviours. After adjustment for a range of child and family factors (including other mental health comorbidities), higher ASD symptoms were associated with poorer FQoL across all three domains; emotional impact (p = 0.008), family impact (p = 0.001) and time impact (p = 0.003). In adjusted analyses by subgroup, parents of children with ADHD+ASD had poorer parent self-efficacy (p = 0.01), poorer FQoL (p ≤ 0.05), with weak evidence of an association for less couple support (p = 0.06), compared to parents of children with ADHD only. Inspection of covariates in the adjusted analyses indicated that the association between ASD symptoms and most family functioning measures was accounted forby child internalising and externalising disorders, ADHD severity, and socioeconomic status; however, ASD symptoms appear to be independently associated with poorer FQoL in children with ADHD. The presence of ASD symptoms in children with ADHD may signal the need for enhanced family support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica L Green
- School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia.
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, 3125, Australia.
- Deakin Child Study Centre, School of Psychology, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Hwy, Burwood, VIC, 3125, Australia.
| | - Nicole Rinehart
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, 3125, Australia
- Deakin Child Study Centre, School of Psychology, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Hwy, Burwood, VIC, 3125, Australia
| | - Vicki Anderson
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, 3125, Australia
- The Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Daryl Efron
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, 3125, Australia
- The Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Jan M Nicholson
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, 3125, Australia
- Judith Lumley Centre, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Brad Jongeling
- Child Development Service, Joondalup, WA, Australia
- The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Philip Hazell
- Discipline of Psychiatry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Emma Sciberras
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, 3125, Australia
- Deakin Child Study Centre, School of Psychology, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Hwy, Burwood, VIC, 3125, Australia
- The Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia
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