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Ke C, Chen M, Huang Y, Chen Y, Lin C, Huang P. Cardiac toxicity of brentuximab vedotin: a real-word disproportionality analysis of the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 397:5253-5264. [PMID: 38270617 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-024-02955-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Brentuximab vedotin (BV) has obtained approval for the therapeutic management of classical Hodgkin lymphoma as well as systemic anaplastic large cell lymphoma. Given the inherent constraints of conventional clinical trials, the correlation between BV and cardiac adverse events (AEs) remains enigmatic. The objective of this investigation is to comprehensively assess cardiac AEs attributed to BV by employing advanced data mining techniques, utilizing the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS). The indices for the assessment of disproportionality encompass the reporting odds ratio (ROR), the proportional reporting ratio, the information component, and the empirical Bayesian geometric mean. Employing these sophisticated metrics, we gauged the extent of disproportionate occurrences. The dataset was sourced from the FAERS from the first quarter of 2012 to first quarter of 2023, facilitating a comprehensive analysis of the potential correlation between BV and cardiac AEs. This scrutiny encompassed a comparative analysis of both cardiac and non-cardiac AEs. A total of 495 cases of BV's cardiac AEs were discerned, with the identification of 31 preferred terms (PTs). Among these, 8 PTs emerged as conspicuous signals of cardiac AEs, notably encompassing ventricular hypokinesia (ROR 7.59), tachyarrhythmia (ROR 7.06), sinus tachycardia (ROR 6.18), cardiopulmonary failure (ROR 4.44), pericardial effusion (ROR 4.32), acute coronary syndrome (ROR 4.02), cardiomyopathy (ROR 3.30), and tachycardia (ROR 2.76). The manifestation of severe outcomes demonstrates a discernible correlation with the cardiac AEs (P < 0.001). Our investigation furnishes invaluable insights for healthcare practitioners to proactively mitigate the incidence of BV-associated cardiac AEs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengjie Ke
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, China
- Department of Pharmacy, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, China
| | - Maohua Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Pingtan Comprehensive Experimental Area Hospital, Pingtan Comprehensive Experimental Area, Fuzhou, 350400, China
| | - Yaping Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, 350005, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Pingtan Comprehensive Experimental Area Hospital, Pingtan Comprehensive Experimental Area, Fuzhou, 350400, China
| | - Cuihong Lin
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, China.
- Department of Pharmacy, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, China.
| | - Pinfang Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, China.
- Department of Pharmacy, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, China.
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Wang J, Hao Z, Li R, Wu W, Huang N, Zhang K, Hao S, Feng J, Chu J, Ji N. Association of body mass index with clinical outcome of primary WHO grade 4 glioma. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1318785. [PMID: 38741777 PMCID: PMC11089228 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1318785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The prognostic value of body mass index (BMI) in primary WHO grade 4 gliomas is not widely acknowledged. This study aims to assess the survival outcomes of patients with different BMIs. Methods Real-world data of patients diagnosed with primary WHO grade 4 (2021 version) glioma was assessed. All 127 patients admitted in this study were administered with standard-of-care from September 2018 to September 2021. The outcomes of overall survival and progression-free survival were analyzed. Results The baseline characteristics of clinical features, molecular features, and secondary treatment in BMI subsets showed no significant difference. The survival analyses showed a significantly superior overall survival (OS) in the overweight group compared to the normal weight group. A trend of better OS in the overweight group compared to the obesity group was observed. The univariate Cox regression demonstrated patients of round-BMI 25 and 26 had superior OS outcomes. Conclusion In this real-world setting, patients with a BMI between 24 and 28 have superior overall survival. Patients in the proper BMI range may acquire survival benefits undergoing standard-of-care of primary WHO grade 4 gliomas. The prospective studies on a larger scale on these subsets of patients are necessary to solve the paradox of BMI in glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiejun Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaonian Hao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ruyuan Li
- National Cancer Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Weiqi Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Na Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Kangna Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shuyu Hao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Feng
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Junsheng Chu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Nan Ji
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Safari S, Parsaee M, Moradi M, Hakiminejad M, Koohsari P, Larti F. The effect of significant weight loss after bariatric surgery on echocardiographic indices: an observational study focusing on left ventricular deformation by 2D speckle echocardiography and right ventricular size. Egypt Heart J 2024; 76:44. [PMID: 38587759 PMCID: PMC11001804 DOI: 10.1186/s43044-024-00474-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is a known risk factor for atherosclerosis and cardiac disease. HYPOTHESIS This study evaluated the effect of significant weight loss following bariatric surgery on myocardial deformation indices and right ventricular size (RV). This was a prospective cohort study. Morbid obese patients scheduled for bariatric surgery from July 2017 to February 2018 at Firoozgar Hospital were included in our study and referred for transthoracic echocardiography at Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center. RESULTS Thirty-four patients entered the study. The absolute value of global longitudinal strain (GLS) at baseline, 3, and 6 months after surgery was 17.42 ± 2.94%, 18.24 ± 3.09%, and 19.52 ± 2.78%, respectively, with a statistically significant difference from baseline to after six months (P value < 0.001). The absolute value of global circumferential strain (GCS) at baseline, 3, and 6 months after surgery was 20.14 ± 4.22%, 23.32 ± 4.66%, and 24.53 ± 4.52%, respectively, with statistically significant changes (P value < 0.001) from baseline to three months and from baseline to six months and no significant difference from three months to six months. A significant decrease was reported in mechanical dispersion of circumferential strain (38.05 ± 23.81-23.37 ± 20.86 ms, P value = 0.006) 6 months after surgery. Right ventricular size three- and six-month post-surgery showed a significant decrease relative to baseline echocardiography. CONCLUSIONS Bariatric surgery could enhance cardiac function, as proven by 2D speckle echocardiography. Changes in RV size may be related to weight loss and should be considered when assessing patients who have undergone bariatric surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Safari
- General Surgery Department, Firoozgar Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mozhgan Parsaee
- Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Moradi
- General Surgery Department, Firoozgar Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Hakiminejad
- General Surgery Department, Firoozgar Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parisa Koohsari
- Cardiology Department, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, End of Keshavarz Boulevard, Tehran, 1419733141, Iran
| | - Farnoosh Larti
- Cardiology Department, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, End of Keshavarz Boulevard, Tehran, 1419733141, Iran.
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Reyes S, Peirano P, Gahagan S, Blanco E, Algarín C. Neurocognitive factors predicting BMI changes from adolescence to young adulthood. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2024; 32:768-777. [PMID: 38529547 PMCID: PMC10965240 DOI: 10.1002/oby.23978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to assess whether inhibitory task performance in adolescence could be prospectively related to weight gain in young adulthood. We proposed that this association would differ according to the BMI group in adolescence. METHODS A total of 318 adolescents performed the anti-saccade task, and 530 completed the Stroop test. Accuracy and reaction time were assessed for each incentive type (neutral, loss, and reward) in the anti-saccade task and for each trial type (control and incongruent trials) in the Stroop test. Changes in the BMI z score (∆BMI z score) from adolescence to young adulthood were calculated. RESULTS The relationship between the BMI z score and the anti-saccade task accuracy showed an effect on the ∆BMI z score (β = -0.002, p < 0.05). The neutral and loss accuracies were related to ∆BMI z score in the groups with overweight (all β = -0.004, p = 0.05) and obesity (β = -0.006 and β = -0.005, p < 0.01). The interaction between adolescents' BMI z score with control (β = -0.312, p < 0.001) and incongruent (β = -0.384, p < 0.001) trial reaction times showed an effect on the ∆BMI z score. Control (β = 0.730, p = 0.036) and incongruent (β = 0.535, p = 0.033) trial reaction times were related to ∆BMI z score in the group with overweight. CONCLUSIONS Our findings support the hypothesis that cognitive vulnerability could predict the BMI gain from adolescence to young adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sussanne Reyes
- Laboratory of Sleep and Functional Neurobiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INTA), University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Patricio Peirano
- Laboratory of Sleep and Functional Neurobiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INTA), University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Sheila Gahagan
- Academic General Pediatrics, Child Development, and Community Health, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Estela Blanco
- Centro de Investigación en Sociedad y Salud y Núcleo Milenio de Sociomedicina, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
| | - Cecilia Algarín
- Laboratory of Sleep and Functional Neurobiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INTA), University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Vecoli C, Caselli C, Modena M, Todiere G, Poddighe R, Valente S, Bandini F, Natali A, Ghiadoni L, Clerico A, Prontera C, Vittorini S, Botto N, Emdin M, Neglia D. Low HDL cholesterol and the eNOS Glu298Asp polymorphism are associated with inducible myocardial ischemia in patients with suspected stable coronary artery disease. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2024; 24:176. [PMID: 38519897 PMCID: PMC10958845 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-024-03846-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) gene deficiency is known to cause impaired coronary vasodilating capability in animal models. In the general clinical population, the eNOS gene polymorphisms, able to affect eNOS activity, were associated with cardiometabolic risk features and prevalence of coronary artery disease (CAD). AIM To investigate the association of eNOS Glu298Asp gene polymorphism, cardiometabolic profile, obstructive CAD and inducible myocardial ischemia in patients with suspected stable CAD. METHODS A total of 506 patients (314 males; mean age 62 ± 9 years) referred for suspected CAD was enrolled. Among these, 325 patients underwent stress ECG or cardiac imaging to assess the presence of inducible myocardial ischemia and 436 patients underwent non-invasive computerized tomography or invasive coronary angiography to assess the presence of obstructive CAD. Clinical characteristics and blood samples were collected for each patient. RESULTS In the whole population, 49.6% of patients were homozygous for the Glu298 genotype (Glu/Glu), 40.9% heterozygotes (Glu/Asp) and 9.5% homozygous for the 298Asp genotype (Asp/Asp). Obstructive CAD was documented in 178/436 (40.8%) patients undergoing coronary angiography while myocardial ischemia in 160/325 (49.2%) patients undergoing stress testing. Patients with eNOS Asp genotype (Glu/Asp + Asp/Asp) had no significant differences in clinical risk factors and in circulating markers. Independent predictors of obstructive CAD were age, gender, obesity, and low HDL-C. Independent predictors of myocardial ischemia were gender, obesity, low HDL-C and Asp genotype. In the subpopulation in which both stress tests and coronary angiography were performed, the Asp genotype remained associated with increased myocardial ischemia risk after adjustment for obstructive CAD. CONCLUSION In this population, low-HDL cholesterol was the only cardiometabolic risk determinant of obstructive CAD. The eNOS Glu298Asp gene polymorphism was significantly associated with inducible myocardial ischemia independently of other risk factors and presence of obstructive CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Vecoli
- Institute of Clinical Physiology-CNR, Via G. Moruzzi 1, Pisa, Italy.
- Cardiovascular Department, Gabriele Monasterio Foundation, Via G. Moruzzi 1, Pisa, Italy.
| | - Chiara Caselli
- Institute of Clinical Physiology-CNR, Via G. Moruzzi 1, Pisa, Italy
- Cardiovascular Department, Gabriele Monasterio Foundation, Via G. Moruzzi 1, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Giancarlo Todiere
- Cardiovascular Department, Gabriele Monasterio Foundation, Via G. Moruzzi 1, Pisa, Italy
| | - Rosa Poddighe
- Ospedale Della Versilia, Lido Di Camaiore, Lucca, Italy
| | | | | | - Andrea Natali
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Ghiadoni
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Aldo Clerico
- Cardiovascular Department, Gabriele Monasterio Foundation, Via G. Moruzzi 1, Pisa, Italy
| | - Concetta Prontera
- Cardiovascular Department, Gabriele Monasterio Foundation, Via G. Moruzzi 1, Pisa, Italy
| | - Simona Vittorini
- Cardiovascular Department, Gabriele Monasterio Foundation, Via G. Moruzzi 1, Pisa, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Botto
- Cardiovascular Department, Gabriele Monasterio Foundation, Via G. Moruzzi 1, Pisa, Italy
| | - Michele Emdin
- Cardiovascular Department, Gabriele Monasterio Foundation, Via G. Moruzzi 1, Pisa, Italy
- Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies, Pisa, Italy
| | - Danilo Neglia
- Cardiovascular Department, Gabriele Monasterio Foundation, Via G. Moruzzi 1, Pisa, Italy.
- Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies, Pisa, Italy.
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Garcia MM, Corrales P, Huerta MÁ, Czachorowski MJ, López-Miranda V, Medina-Gómez G, Cobos EJ, Goicoechea C, Molina-Álvarez M. Adults with excess weight or obesity, but not with overweight, report greater pain intensities than individuals with normal weight: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1340465. [PMID: 38510698 PMCID: PMC10950917 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1340465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Context Over 1.9 billion adult people have overweight or obesity. Considered as a chronic disease itself, obesity is associated with several comorbidities. Chronic pain affects approximately 60 million people and its connection with obesity has been displayed in several studies. However, controversial results showing both lower and higher pain thresholds in subjects with obesity compared to individuals with normal weight and the different parameters used to define such association (e.g., pain severity, frequency or duration) make it hard to draw straight forward conclusions in the matter. The objective of this article is to examine the relationship between overweight and obesity (classified with BMI as recommended by WHO) and self-perceived pain intensity in adults. Methods A literature search was conducted following PRISMA guidelines using the databases CINAHL, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, PEDro, PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science to identify original studies that provide BMI values and their associated pain intensity assessed by self-report scales. Self-report pain scores were normalized and pooled within meta-analyses. The Cochrane's Q test and I2 index were used to clarify the amount of heterogeneity; meta-regression was performed to explore the relationship between each outcome and the risk of bias. Results Of 2194 studies, 31 eligible studies were identified and appraised, 22 of which provided data for a quantitative analysis. The results herein suggested that adults with excess weight (BMI ≥ 25.0) or obesity (BMI ≥ 30.0) but not with overweight (pre-obesity) alone (BMI 25.0-29.9), are more likely to report greater intensities of pain than individuals of normal weight (BMI 18.5-24.9). Subgroup analyses regarding the pathology of the patients showed no statistically significant differences between groups. Also, influence of age in the effect size, evaluated by meta-regression, was only observed in one of the four analyses. Furthermore, the robustness of the findings was supported by two different sensitivity analyses. Conclusion Subjects with obesity and excess weight, but not overweight, reported greater pain intensities than individuals with normal weight. This finding encourages treatment of obesity as a component of pain management. More research is required to better understand the mechanisms of these differences and the clinical utility of the findings. Systematic Review Registration https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/RF2G3, identifier OSF.IO/RF2G3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel M. Garcia
- Area of Pharmacology, Nutrition and Bromatology, Department of Basic Health Sciences, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Unidad Asociada de I+D+i al Instituto de Química Médica (IQM) CSIC-URJC, Alcorcón, Spain
- High Performance Experimental Pharmacology Research Group, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos (PHARMAKOM), Alcorcón, Spain
- Grupo Multidisciplinar de Investigación y Tratamiento del Dolor (i+DOL), Alcorcón, Spain
| | - Patricia Corrales
- Area of Biochemistry, Department of Basic Health Sciences, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Alcorcón, Spain
- High Performance Research Group in the Study of the Molecular Mechanisms of Glucolipotoxicity and Insulin Resistance: Implications in Obesity, Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos (LIPOBETA), Alcorcón, Spain
- Consolidated Research Group on Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes: Adipose Tissue Biology (BIOFAT), Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Alcorcón, Spain
| | - Miguel Á. Huerta
- Department of Pharmacology and Neurosciences Institute (Biomedical Research Center), Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
- Biosanitary Research Institute ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain
| | | | - Visitación López-Miranda
- Area of Pharmacology, Nutrition and Bromatology, Department of Basic Health Sciences, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Unidad Asociada de I+D+i al Instituto de Química Médica (IQM) CSIC-URJC, Alcorcón, Spain
- High Performance Experimental Pharmacology Research Group, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos (PHARMAKOM), Alcorcón, Spain
- Grupo Multidisciplinar de Investigación y Tratamiento del Dolor (i+DOL), Alcorcón, Spain
| | - Gema Medina-Gómez
- Area of Biochemistry, Department of Basic Health Sciences, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Alcorcón, Spain
- High Performance Research Group in the Study of the Molecular Mechanisms of Glucolipotoxicity and Insulin Resistance: Implications in Obesity, Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos (LIPOBETA), Alcorcón, Spain
| | - Enrique J. Cobos
- Department of Pharmacology and Neurosciences Institute (Biomedical Research Center), Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
- Biosanitary Research Institute ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain
- Teófilo Hernando Institute for Drug Discovery, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Goicoechea
- Area of Pharmacology, Nutrition and Bromatology, Department of Basic Health Sciences, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Unidad Asociada de I+D+i al Instituto de Química Médica (IQM) CSIC-URJC, Alcorcón, Spain
- High Performance Experimental Pharmacology Research Group, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos (PHARMAKOM), Alcorcón, Spain
- Grupo Multidisciplinar de Investigación y Tratamiento del Dolor (i+DOL), Alcorcón, Spain
| | - Miguel Molina-Álvarez
- Area of Pharmacology, Nutrition and Bromatology, Department of Basic Health Sciences, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Unidad Asociada de I+D+i al Instituto de Química Médica (IQM) CSIC-URJC, Alcorcón, Spain
- High Performance Experimental Pharmacology Research Group, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos (PHARMAKOM), Alcorcón, Spain
- Grupo Multidisciplinar de Investigación y Tratamiento del Dolor (i+DOL), Alcorcón, Spain
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Zhan M, Liu X, Xia X, Yang Y, Xie Y, Zhang L, Lin C, Zhu J, Ding W, Xu S. Promotion of neuroinflammation by the glymphatic system: a new insight into ethanol extracts from Alisma orientale in alleviating obesity-associated cognitive impairment. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 122:155147. [PMID: 37864890 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is one of the critical risk factors for cognitive dysfunction. The glymphatic system (GS) plays a key role in the pathogenesis of cognitive deficits. Alisma orientale has been shown to have anti-inflammatory and antihyperlipidemic effects, whereas its effects and underlying mechanisms on obesity-associated cognitive impairment (OACI) are unclear. PURPOSE This work aims to decipher the mechanism of ethanol extracts from Alisma orientale (EEAO) in restoring cognitive impairment in HFD-induced obese mice through a GS approach. METHODS The restoration of abnormal glucose/lipid metabolism and excess adipose deposition by EEAO were assayed by biochemical analysis and visually displayed by a micro-CT scanner and Oil Red O staining. Biochemical assays and Western blotting (WB) were used to measure cerebral blood flow (CBF), free fatty acid (FFAs) levels and the structural integrity of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Microglial activation and neuroinflammation were assessed with immunohistochemistry staining, ELISA and WB. Moreover, GS function was determined by immunofluorescence staining, fluorescence tracer imaging and WB. Finally, the neuropathological features and cognitive functions were detested with immunohistochemistry staining, immunofluorescence and Morris Water Maze. RESULTS EEAO not only alleviated body weight, cerebral lipid accumulation and serum FFAs in HFD-induced obese mice, but also increased CBF and BBB integrity. EEAO suppressed microglial activation and lipid deposition in the hippocampus and reduced the level of inflammatory cytokines including IL-6, IL-1β and TNF-α in brain tissue. Interestingly, long-term HFD-induced GS dysfunction was significantly restored after EEAO intervention, and neuropathological lesions and cognitive deficits were also markedly rescued. CONCLUSION EEAO rescued the cognitive deficits of OACI by inhibiting neuroinflammation and restoring GS dysfunction, indicating a potential remedy for OACI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; Institute of Material Medica Integration and Transformation for Brain Disorders, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Xiao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; Institute of Material Medica Integration and Transformation for Brain Disorders, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Xiuwen Xia
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Youjun Yang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Ya Xie
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Chunqiao Lin
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Jiushuang Zhu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Weijun Ding
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
| | - Shijun Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; Institute of Material Medica Integration and Transformation for Brain Disorders, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
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8
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Hayajneh AA, Alhusban IM, Rababa M, Al-sabbah S, Bani-Hamad D, Al-Mugheed K, Al-Nusour EA, Alsatari ES. The association of traditional obesity parameters with the length of stay among patients with coronary artery disease: A cross-sectional study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e36731. [PMID: 38134084 PMCID: PMC10735059 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000036731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
There is a strong association between obesity and coronary artery disease (CAD). Obesity is measured using traditional obesity parameters, such as body mass index, body adiposity index, waist circumference (WC), and hip circumference. The aim of this study is to explore the association between traditional obesity parameters and the length of stay (LOS) among hospitalized CAD patients. An original correlative descriptive study was carried out using secondary data analysis, in which 220 hospitalized Jordanian CAD patients were recruited from Jordan northern and middle regions. Age, WC, triglycerides, and high- sensitivity C-reactive protein were all positive predictors of the total hospital LOS among hospitalized patients with CAD. The WC, age, triglycerides, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels were significantly positively associated with total LOS. Healthcare providers, including nurses, should take into account these significant positive predictors of LOS to achieve better health outcomes and improve patient satisfaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audai A. Hayajneh
- Adult Health-Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Islam M. Alhusban
- Adult Health-Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Mohammad Rababa
- Adult Health-Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Shatha Al-sabbah
- Faculty of Nursing, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Dania Bani-Hamad
- Faculty of Nursing, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Khalid Al-Mugheed
- Adult Health Nursing Department, College of Nursing, Riyadh Elm University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Esraa A. Al-Nusour
- Prince Al Hussein Bin Abdullah II Academy for Civil Protection, AlBalqa Applied University, King Saud University Medical City, Amman, Jordan
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9
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Gonçalves C, Bravo J, Pais J, Abreu A, Raimundo A. Improving Health Outcomes in Coronary Artery Disease Patients with Short-Term Protocols of High-Intensity Interval Training and Moderate-Intensity Continuous Training: A Community-Based Randomized Controlled Trial. Cardiovasc Ther 2023; 2023:6297302. [PMID: 38146531 PMCID: PMC10749735 DOI: 10.1155/2023/6297302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies have shown that the higher the aerobic capacity, the lower the risk of cardiovascular mortality and morbidity. In the case of cardiac patients, high-intensity interval training (HIIT) seems to be more effective than moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) in improving aerobic capacity. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of two community-based exercise programs using two short-term protocols (HIIT and MICT) on physical fitness and physical activity (PA) levels in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients. Methods. In this randomized controlled trial, body composition, aerobic capacity, muscle strength, and daily PA levels were assessed before and after 6 weeks of intervention in 69 patients diagnosed with CAD. All patients were randomly (1 : 1 : 1) assigned to two exercise groups (HIIT or MICT) or a control group (no exercise). Both training programs consisted of 6 weeks of supervised treadmill exercise, three sessions per week. MICT targeted ≈70-75% of peak heart rate (HR), while HIIT aimed for ≈85-95% of peak HR. The control group only followed the medical recommendations. Results. Community-based exercise programs showed more positive effects on physical fitness variables and physical activity levels compared to control. HIIT could significantly improve waist circumference, body fat mass, VO2peak, sedentary behavior, and moderate-to-vigorous PA compared to MICT. Moreover, the control group showed poorer results. Conclusion. HIIT can improve health outcomes more positively than MICT and control. These findings indicate that HIIT may be an alternative and effective training method in community-based exercise programs for CAD patients. This trial is registered with NCT03538119.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catarina Gonçalves
- Department of Sports and Health, School of Science and Technology, University of Évora, 7000-727 Évora, Portugal
- Comprehensive Health Research Centre (CHRC), Portugal
| | - Jorge Bravo
- Department of Sports and Health, School of Science and Technology, University of Évora, 7000-727 Évora, Portugal
- Comprehensive Health Research Centre (CHRC), Portugal
| | - João Pais
- Department of Cardiology, Espírito Santo Hospital of Évora, 7000-811 Évora, Portugal
| | - Ana Abreu
- Department of Cardiology, Santa Maria Hospital, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Armando Raimundo
- Department of Sports and Health, School of Science and Technology, University of Évora, 7000-727 Évora, Portugal
- Comprehensive Health Research Centre (CHRC), Portugal
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10
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Zhang X, Huangfu Z, Wang S. No association effect of genetic polymorphism was observed between polycystic ovary syndrome and cardiovascular diseases risk: a mendelian randomization study. Endocrine 2023; 82:695-706. [PMID: 37668928 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-023-03467-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the risk factors for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). However, the possible association between PCOS and common CVDs remains inconclusive. The aim of this study was to explore the potential relationship between PCOS and CVDs using genetic polymorphisms. METHODS We conducted two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses. In our study, 14 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in Europeans and another 13 SNPs in Asians were applied as instrumental variables for PCOS. The largest published meta-genome-wide association studies of European ancestry and the BioBank Japan Project of Asian ancestry were used to collect the outcome data. MR analysis was performed using inverse variance weighting as the primary method. Several sensitivity analyses and instrumental variable strength evaluations were also performed to verify the reliability of results. RESULTS Our analysis revealed that any potential causal association between genetically-predicted PCOS and the risk of CVDs do not exist. These CVDs include peripheral artery disease, atrial fibrillation, arrhythmia, cardiovascular diseases, heart failure, peripheral vascular disease, hypertension, ischemic stroke, myocardial infarction and venous thromboembolisms. Associations could not be found even after the SNPs linked to these possible confounders (body mass index, waist-to-hip ratio, and serum testosterone) were deleted. Sensitivity analysis demonstrated no presence of horizontal pleiotropy or heterogeneity. CONCLUSION The present mendelian randomization study suggests that genetically-predicted PCOS may not be associated with the risk of CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, China
- Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, China
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhao Huangfu
- Department of Urology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shaowei Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, China.
- Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, China.
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
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11
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Neto A, Fernandes A, Barateiro A. The complex relationship between obesity and neurodegenerative diseases: an updated review. Front Cell Neurosci 2023; 17:1294420. [PMID: 38026693 PMCID: PMC10665538 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1294420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a global epidemic, affecting roughly 30% of the world's population and predicted to rise. This disease results from genetic, behavioral, societal, and environmental factors, leading to excessive fat accumulation, due to insufficient energy expenditure. The adipose tissue, once seen as a simple storage depot, is now recognized as a complex organ with various functions, including hormone regulation and modulation of metabolism, inflammation, and homeostasis. Obesity is associated with a low-grade inflammatory state and has been linked to neurodegenerative diseases like multiple sclerosis (MS), Alzheimer's (AD), and Parkinson's (PD). Mechanistically, reduced adipose expandability leads to hypertrophic adipocytes, triggering inflammation, insulin and leptin resistance, blood-brain barrier disruption, altered brain metabolism, neuronal inflammation, brain atrophy, and cognitive decline. Obesity impacts neurodegenerative disorders through shared underlying mechanisms, underscoring its potential as a modifiable risk factor for these diseases. Nevertheless, further research is needed to fully grasp the intricate connections between obesity and neurodegeneration. Collaborative efforts in this field hold promise for innovative strategies to address this complex relationship and develop effective prevention and treatment methods, which also includes specific diets and physical activities, ultimately improving quality of life and health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Neto
- Central Nervous System, Blood and Peripheral Inflammation, Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Adelaide Fernandes
- Central Nervous System, Blood and Peripheral Inflammation, Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Medicines, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Andreia Barateiro
- Central Nervous System, Blood and Peripheral Inflammation, Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Medicines, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
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12
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Haidar A, Horwich T. Obesity, Cardiorespiratory Fitness, and Cardiovascular Disease. Curr Cardiol Rep 2023; 25:1565-1571. [PMID: 37831388 PMCID: PMC10682063 DOI: 10.1007/s11886-023-01975-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Obesity, generally defined by body mass index (BMI), is an established risk factor for the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD), while cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) decreases risk. In chronic CVD, an obesity survival paradox in which higher BMI is associated with improved prognosis has been reported. This paper will examine the effect of obesity on CVD risk, explore obesity as a risk factor in patients with established CVD, and investigate the relationship between CRF, obesity, and CVD. RECENT FINDINGS Through metabolic and hemodynamic changes, obesity increases the risk for CVD and contributes to the development of other cardiovascular risk factors such as diabetes, dyslipidemia, and hypertension. Obesity is associated with metabolic, hormonal, and inflammatory changes that leads to atherosclerosis increasing the risk for coronary artery disease, and myocardial remodeling increasing the risk for heart failure. However, it has also been observed that overweight/obese patients with established CVD have a better prognosis when compared to non-obese individuals termed the obesity paradox. CRF is a vital component of health associated with improved cardiovascular outcomes and furthermore has been shown to markedly attenuate or nullify the relationship between obesity and CVD risk/prognosis. Increasing CRF mitigates CVD risk factors and improves overall prognosis in CVD regardless of obesity status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amier Haidar
- Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Tamara Horwich
- Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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13
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Braunwald E. Diabetocardiology: a new subspecialty? Eur Heart J 2023; 44:4214-4216. [PMID: 37611068 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehad541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Eugene Braunwald
- TIMI Study Group, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Hale Building for Transformative Medicine, Suite 7022, 60 Fenwood Road, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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14
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Sun S, Tao S, Xi X, Jiang T, Zhu Q, Zhou Y, Li H. Analysis of the predictive value of the Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index for osteoporosis in elderly patients with T2DM: a single-center retrospective study. J Orthop Surg Res 2023; 18:760. [PMID: 37805606 PMCID: PMC10560427 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-023-04237-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Malnutrition is recognized as a risk factor for osteoporosis and T2DM. Previous studies have demonstrated the relationship between nutritional assessment tools and BMD. However, few studies have compared the effects of three nutritional risk assessment tools (GNRI, CONUT, and PNI). This study aimed to investigate the correlation between three nutritional assessment tools and BMD and to compare their validity in predicting osteoporosis in type 2 diabetes mellitus in the elderly. METHODS This retrospective study collected clinical data from 525 elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and categorized the patients into osteoporotic and non-osteoporotic groups. The correlation between the three nutritional assessment tools and BMD was analyzed using Spearman partial correlation. Binary logistics regression was used to analyze the relationship between GNRI and osteoporosis. ROC curves were used to compare the validity of GNRI, PNI, and CONUT in predicting osteoporosis. RESULTS Spearman's partial correlation showed a positive correlation between femoral neck BMD and lumbar spine BMD, but no correlation was observed between total hip BMD and GNRI. Logistic regression analyses showed no association between PNI, CONUT scores, and the development of osteoporosis. After adjusting for age, sex, smoking, alcohol consumption, BMI, ALB, Cr, UA, FBG, TG, and HDL, the correlation between GNRI and osteoporosis remained. ROC curve analysis showed that GNRI in combination with age and albumin had better predictive ability for osteoporosis than PNI and CONUT. CONCLUSION GNRI was an independent protective factor against osteoporosis in elderly patients with T2DM, and the predictive ability of GNRI for osteoporosis in elderly patients with T2DM was better than that of PNI and CONUT scores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silu Sun
- School of Nursing, Chengdu Medical College, Tianhui Road, Chengdu, 610083, China
| | - Simin Tao
- School of Nursing, Chengdu Medical College, Tianhui Road, Chengdu, 610083, China
| | - Xiaoyan Xi
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, 278 Baoguang Avenue, Middle Section, Chengdu, 610599, China
| | - Tao Jiang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, 278 Baoguang Avenue, Middle Section, Chengdu, 610599, China
| | - Qian Zhu
- School of Nursing, Chengdu Medical College, Tianhui Road, Chengdu, 610083, China
| | - Yan Zhou
- School of Nursing, Chengdu Medical College, Tianhui Road, Chengdu, 610083, China
| | - Hui Li
- School of Nursing, Chengdu Medical College, Tianhui Road, Chengdu, 610083, China.
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15
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Preda A, Carbone F, Tirandi A, Montecucco F, Liberale L. Obesity phenotypes and cardiovascular risk: From pathophysiology to clinical management. Rev Endocr Metab Disord 2023; 24:901-919. [PMID: 37358728 PMCID: PMC10492705 DOI: 10.1007/s11154-023-09813-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
Obesity epidemic reached the dimensions of a real global health crisis with more than one billion people worldwide living with obesity. Multiple obesity-related mechanisms cause structural, functional, humoral, and hemodynamic alterations with cardiovascular (CV) deleterious effects. A correct assessment of the cardiovascular risk in people with obesity is critical for reducing mortality and preserving quality of life. The correct identification of the obesity status remains difficult as recent evidence suggest that different phenotypes of obesity exist, each one associated with different degrees of CV risk. Diagnosis of obesity cannot depend only on anthropometric parameters but should include a precise assessment of the metabolic status. Recently, the World Heart Federation and World Obesity Federation provided an action plan for management of obesity-related CV risk and mortality, stressing for the instauration of comprehensive structured programs encompassing multidisciplinary teams. In this review we aim at providing an updated summary regarding the different obesity phenotypes, their specific effects on CV risk and differences in clinical management.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Federico Carbone
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genoa - Italian Cardiovascular Network, Genoa, Italy
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Amedeo Tirandi
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genoa - Italian Cardiovascular Network, Genoa, Italy
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Montecucco
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genoa - Italian Cardiovascular Network, Genoa, Italy.
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132, Genoa, Italy.
| | - Luca Liberale
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genoa - Italian Cardiovascular Network, Genoa, Italy
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132, Genoa, Italy
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16
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Jabri MA, Hajaji S, Omrani A, Ben Youssef M, Sebai H. Myrtle Berries Seeds Prevent Dyslipidemia, Inflammation, and Excessive Cardiac Reactive Oxygen Species Production in Response to High-Fat Diet-Induced Obesity. J Med Food 2023; 26:631-640. [PMID: 37566463 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2021.0199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Anthocyanins are the major polyphenols in myrtle berries seeds aqueous extract (MBSAE). This study investigates the protective potentials of MBSAE against obesity lipotoxicity and inflammation induced by a high-fat diet (HFD). It also describes the underlying mechanisms involved in its protective effects, with special attention to myocardial reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Male Wistar rats were fed HFD for 6 weeks to induce obesity. MBSAE (100 mg/kg, b.w., p.o.) was orally administered to HFD-fed rats. Anti-obesity effects were triggered by the inhibitory action of the MBSAE against the weights of the body, its relative heart and the total abdominal fat. Treatment with MBSAE also restored the lipid profile to baseline compared with the HFD rats and lowered also the white blood cells count, including neutrophils, lymphocytes, and basophils number as well as cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin [IL]-6, and IL-1β) levels in the rats serum, thus improving the tissue inflammatory status associated with obesity. Exposure of rats to HFD during 6 weeks induces a myocardial oxidative stress as assessed by deleterious effects on lipoperoxidation state, antioxidant enzyme (SOD, CAT, and GPx) activities as well as sulfhydryl groups and GSH rates. Of importance, our study shows also that HFD provokes a heart ROS (H2O2, OH•, and O2•-) overload. Of interest, all these oxidative heart disturbances were clearly ended by MBSAE treatment. Therefore, consumption of MBSAE as a natural extract may be a potential therapeutic strategy to treat obesity-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed-Amine Jabri
- Unit of Functional Physiology and Valorization of Bio-Resources, Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Beja, University of Jendouba, Beja, Tunisia
| | - Soumaya Hajaji
- Unit of Functional Physiology and Valorization of Bio-Resources, Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Beja, University of Jendouba, Beja, Tunisia
| | - Ameni Omrani
- Unit of Functional Physiology and Valorization of Bio-Resources, Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Beja, University of Jendouba, Beja, Tunisia
| | - Meriam Ben Youssef
- Unit of Functional Physiology and Valorization of Bio-Resources, Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Beja, University of Jendouba, Beja, Tunisia
| | - Hichem Sebai
- Unit of Functional Physiology and Valorization of Bio-Resources, Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Beja, University of Jendouba, Beja, Tunisia
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17
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Shen W, Cai L, Wang B, Wang Y, Wang N, Lu Y. Associations of Relative Fat Mass, a Novel Adiposity Indicator, with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Cardiovascular Disease: Data from SPECT-China. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2023; 16:2377-2387. [PMID: 37577042 PMCID: PMC10422986 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s423272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study aimed to determine the associations of relative fat mass (RFM), a novel adiposity indicator, with the prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) and compared the disease discriminative ability of RFM with other common adiposity indicators in the general Chinese population. Patients and Methods This cross-sectional study consisted of 11,532 adult participants from the SPECT-China study (2014-2016). We included RFM and six other adiposity indicators, including body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), visceral adiposity index (VAI), and lipid accumulation product (LAP). Binary logistic regression analysis was used to assess the relationship between adiposity indicators and the prevalence of NAFLD and CVD. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the ability to screen NAFLD and CVD. Results After adjusting for confounding variables, RFM showed a strong association with the prevalence of NAFLD and CVD. In men, each 1-SD (standard deviation) increase in RFM was associated with more than 3-fold increased risk of NAFLD (OR: 4.33, 95% CI: 3.79-4.93) and 66% increased risk of CVD (OR: 1.66, 95% CI: 1.36-2.02); in women, per 1-SD increase in RFM was associated with about 4-fold increased risk of NAFLD (OR: 5.16, 95% CI: 4.62-5.77) and 26% increased risk of CVD (OR: 1.26, 95% CI: 1.08-1.47). ROC analysis showed that RFM and WHtR were the strongest predictors for CVD. Conclusion RFM was significantly associated with prevalent NAFLD and CVD in Chinese adults and might be considered a simple tool for disease prediction. Further large longitudinal studies are needed to verify our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqi Shen
- Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lingli Cai
- Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bin Wang
- Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuying Wang
- Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ningjian Wang
- Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yingli Lu
- Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
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18
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Efremova D, Ciobanu N, Glavan D, Leahu P, Racila R, Bălănuță T, Matei A, Vasilieva M, Cheptea C, Bîtcă P, Damian C, Bondarciuc A, Bejenari I, Cojocaru A, Manea D, Ciocanu M, Zota E, Ciolac D, Groppa SA. Serum Urate Levels and Ultrasound Characteristics of Carotid Atherosclerosis across Obesity Phenotypes. Biomedicines 2023; 11:1897. [PMID: 37509536 PMCID: PMC10376805 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11071897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Existing evidence suggests a close link among high levels of serum urate (SU), obesity and carotid atherosclerosis. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the interrelations between SU levels and carotid atherosclerosis in subjects with different obesity phenotypes. METHODS In this study, a total of 2076 subjects (mean age 48.1 ± 13.1 years; 1307 women) were recruited: 59 with general obesity, 616 with central obesity, 715 with mixed (general-central) obesity and 686 non-obese. Anthropometric measurements, vascular risk factors, blood biochemistry analysis (including SU levels), and carotid ultrasound were performed. Ultrasound assessment included evaluation of intima-media thickness (IMT) and plaque characteristics, including number, total area and type (vulnerable vs. stable) of plaques. RESULTS After adjustment for potential confounders, the highest levels of SU were observed in subjects with mixed obesity, followed by subjects with central obesity, general obesity and the non-obese (309.4 ± 82.2 vs. 301.2 ± 73.1 vs. 272.9 ± 61.8 vs. 234.2 ± 59.8 μmol/L, respectively; F = 149.2, post hoc p < 0.001). Similarly, subjects with mixed and central obesity presented higher values of IMT compared to subjects with general obesity and the non-obese (0.68 ± 0.16 vs. 0.67 ± 0.16 vs. 0.62 ± 0.14 vs. 0.57 ± 0.13 mm, respectively; F = 54.2, post hoc p < 0.001). No difference in number, total area and type of plaques among obesity groups were attested (all p > 0.05). Significantly higher IMT values were observed in subjects with increased SU levels compared to subjects with normal SU levels (0.70 ± 0.10 vs. 0.62 ± 0.14 mm, p = 0.02) only within the central obesity group. Increasing levels of SU were associated with a higher frequency of increased IMT only in subjects with central obesity (OR 1.033, 95% CI 1.025-1.041). Similarly, SU levels yielded a satisfactory performance in detecting subjects with increased IMT (AUC 0.65, 95% CI 0.50-0.73, subjects with carotid plaques (0.62, 95% CI 0.55-0.68) and subjects with vulnerable plaque types (0.68, 0.59-0.76) only within the central obesity group. CONCLUSIONS Among the studied obesity types, the association between SU levels and markers of carotid atherosclerosis was of particular significance in subjects with central obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Efremova
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Emergency Medicine, 2004 Chisinau, Moldova
- Department of Neurology, Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2004 Chisinau, Moldova
| | - Natalia Ciobanu
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Emergency Medicine, 2004 Chisinau, Moldova
- Department of Neurology, Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2004 Chisinau, Moldova
| | - Danu Glavan
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Emergency Medicine, 2004 Chisinau, Moldova
| | - Pavel Leahu
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Emergency Medicine, 2004 Chisinau, Moldova
- Department of Neurology, Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2004 Chisinau, Moldova
| | - Renata Racila
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Emergency Medicine, 2004 Chisinau, Moldova
- Department of Neurology, Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2004 Chisinau, Moldova
| | - Tatiana Bălănuță
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Emergency Medicine, 2004 Chisinau, Moldova
| | - Alexandru Matei
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Emergency Medicine, 2004 Chisinau, Moldova
| | - Maria Vasilieva
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Emergency Medicine, 2004 Chisinau, Moldova
- Department of Neurology, Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2004 Chisinau, Moldova
| | - Cristina Cheptea
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Emergency Medicine, 2004 Chisinau, Moldova
| | - Paula Bîtcă
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Emergency Medicine, 2004 Chisinau, Moldova
| | - Cristina Damian
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Emergency Medicine, 2004 Chisinau, Moldova
| | - Ana Bondarciuc
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Emergency Medicine, 2004 Chisinau, Moldova
| | - Irina Bejenari
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Emergency Medicine, 2004 Chisinau, Moldova
| | - Adelina Cojocaru
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Emergency Medicine, 2004 Chisinau, Moldova
| | - Diana Manea
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Emergency Medicine, 2004 Chisinau, Moldova
| | - Mihail Ciocanu
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Emergency Medicine, 2004 Chisinau, Moldova
| | - Eremei Zota
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Emergency Medicine, 2004 Chisinau, Moldova
- Department of Neurology, Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2004 Chisinau, Moldova
| | - Dumitru Ciolac
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Emergency Medicine, 2004 Chisinau, Moldova
- Department of Neurology, Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2004 Chisinau, Moldova
| | - Stanislav A Groppa
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Emergency Medicine, 2004 Chisinau, Moldova
- Department of Neurology, Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2004 Chisinau, Moldova
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19
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Rezaianzadeh A, Moftakhar L, Seif M, Johari MG, Hosseini SV, Dehghani SS. Incidence and risk factors of cardiovascular disease among population aged 40-70 years: a population-based cohort study in the South of Iran. Trop Med Health 2023; 51:35. [PMID: 37308989 DOI: 10.1186/s41182-023-00527-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular diseases are the main cause of mortality in the world. This study aimed to estimate the incidence and identify the risk factors of these diseases. METHODS This prospective cohort study was performed on 9442 individuals aged 40-70 years in Kharameh, a city in the South of Iran, in 2015-2022. The subjects were followed up for 4 years. The demographic information, behavioral habits, biological parameters, and history of some diseases were examined. The density incidence of cardiovascular disease was calculated. The log-rank test was calculated to assess the cardiovascular incidence difference between men and women. Simple and multiple Cox regression with Firth's bias reduction method were used to identify the predictors of cardiovascular disease. RESULTS The mean ± SD age of the participants was 51.4 ± 8.04 years, and the density incidence was estimated at 1.9 cases per 100,000 person-day. The log-rank test showed that men had a higher risk of cardiovascular disease than women. The Fisher's exact test showed a statistically significant difference between the incidence of cardiovascular diseases in different age groups, education levels, diabetes, and hypertension in men and women. The results of multiple Cox regression revealed that with increasing age, the risk of developing CVDs increased. In addition, the risk of cardiovascular disease is higher in people with kidney disease (HRadj = 3.4, 95% CI 1.3 to 8.7), men (HRadj = 2.3, 95% CI 1.7 to 3.2), individuals with hypertension (HRadj = 1.6, 95% CI 1.3 to 2.1), diabetics (HRadj = 2.3, 95%c CI 1.8 to 2.9), and alcohol consumption (HRadj = 1.5, 95% CI 1.09 to 2.2). CONCLUSIONS In the present study, diabetes, hypertension, age, male gender, and alcohol consumption were identified as the risk factors for cardiovascular diseases; three variables of diabetes, hypertension and alcohol consumption were among the modifiable risk factors, so if they were removed, the incidence of cardiovascular disease could greatly reduce. Therefore, it is necessary to develop strategies for appropriate interventions to remove these risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abbas Rezaianzadeh
- Colorectal Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Science, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Leila Moftakhar
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mozhgan Seif
- Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Biostatistics, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Mansoori A, Hosseini ZS, Ahari RK, Poudineh M, Rad ES, Zo MM, Izadi FS, Hoseinpour M, Miralizadeh A, Mashhadi YA, Hormozi M, Firoozeh MT, Hajhoseini O, Ferns G, Esmaily H, Mobarhan MG. Development of Data Mining Algorithms for Identifying the Best Anthropometric Predictors for Cardiovascular Disease: MASHAD Cohort Study. High Blood Press Cardiovasc Prev 2023; 30:243-253. [PMID: 37204657 DOI: 10.1007/s40292-023-00577-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Many studies have been published to assess the best anthropometric measurements associated with cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), but controversies still exist. AIM Investigating the association between CVDs and anthropometric measurements among Iranian adults. METHODS For a total population of 9354 aged 35 to 65, a prospective study was designed. Anthropometric measurements including ABSI (A Body Shape Index), Body Adiposity Index (BAI), Body Mass Index (BMI), Waist to Height Ratio (WHtR), Body Round Index (BRI), HC (Hip Circumference), Demispan, Mid-arm circumference (MAC), Waist-to-hip (WH) and Waist Circumference (WC) were completed. The association between these parameters and CVDs were assessed through logistic regression (LR) and decision tree (DT) models. RESULTS During the 6-year follow-up, 4596 individuals (49%) developed CVDs. According to the LR, age, BAI, BMI, Demispan, and BRI, in male and age, WC, BMI, and BAI in female had a significant association with CVDs (p-value < 0.03). Age and BRI for male and age and BMI for female represent the most appropriate estimates for CVDs (OR: 1.07, (95% CI: 1.06, 1.08), 1.36 (1.22, 1.51), 1.14 (1.13, 1.15), and 1.05 (1.02, 1.07), respectively). In the DT for male, those with BRI ≥ 3.87, age ≥ 46 years, and BMI ≥ 35.97 had the highest risk to develop CVDs (90%). Also, in the DT for female, those with age ≥ 54 years and WC ≥ 84 had the highest risk to develop CVDs (71%). CONCLUSION BRI and age in male and age and BMI in female had the greatest association with CVDs. Also, BRI and BMI was the strongest indices for this prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Mansoori
- International UNESCO center for Health-Related Basic Sciences and Human Nutrition, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, 99199-91766, Iran
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Health, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Rana Kolahi Ahari
- International UNESCO center for Health-Related Basic Sciences and Human Nutrition, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, 99199-91766, Iran
| | - Mohadeseh Poudineh
- Student Research committee, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Elias Sadooghi Rad
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Mostafa Mahmoudi Zo
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Faezeh Salmani Izadi
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahdieh Hoseinpour
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amirreza Miralizadeh
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Maryam Hormozi
- Department of Biology, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Omolbanin Hajhoseini
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Gordon Ferns
- Division of Medical Education, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Brighton, United Kingdom
| | - Habibollah Esmaily
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Health, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Majid Ghayour Mobarhan
- International UNESCO center for Health-Related Basic Sciences and Human Nutrition, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, 99199-91766, Iran.
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Isola G, Santonocito S, Lupi SM, Polizzi A, Sclafani R, Patini R, Marchetti E. Periodontal Health and Disease in the Context of Systemic Diseases. Mediators Inflamm 2023; 2023:9720947. [PMID: 37214190 PMCID: PMC10199803 DOI: 10.1155/2023/9720947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
During recent years, considerable progress has been made in understanding the etiopathogenesis of periodontitis in its various forms and their interactions with the host. Furthermore, a number of reports have highlighted the importance of oral health and disease in systemic conditions, especially cardiovascular diseases and diabetes. In this regard, research has attempted to explain the role of periodontitis in promoting alteration in distant sites and organs. Recently, DNA sequencing studies have revealed how oral infections can occur in distant sites such as the colon, reproductive tissues, metabolic diseases, and atheromas. The objective of this review is to describe and update the emerging evidence and knowledge regarding the association between periodontitis and systemic disease and to analyse the evidence that has reported periodontitis as a risk factor for the development of various forms of systemic diseases in order to provide a better understanding of the possible shared etiopathogenetic pathways between periodontitis and the different forms of systemic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaetano Isola
- Department of General Surgery and Surgical-Medical Specialties, School of Dentistry, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Simona Santonocito
- Department of General Surgery and Surgical-Medical Specialties, School of Dentistry, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Saturnino Marco Lupi
- Department of Clinical Surgical, Diagnostic and Paediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Alessandro Polizzi
- Department of General Surgery and Surgical-Medical Specialties, School of Dentistry, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Rossana Sclafani
- Department of General Surgery and Surgical-Medical Specialties, School of Dentistry, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Romeo Patini
- Institute of Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Enrico Marchetti
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
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Kittleson MM, Panjrath GS, Amancherla K, Davis LL, Deswal A, Dixon DL, Januzzi JL, Yancy CW. 2023 ACC Expert Consensus Decision Pathway on Management of Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction: A Report of the American College of Cardiology Solution Set Oversight Committee. J Am Coll Cardiol 2023; 81:1835-1878. [PMID: 37137593 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2023.03.393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 80.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
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Peng J, Chen Q, Wu C. The role of adiponectin in cardiovascular disease. Cardiovasc Pathol 2023; 64:107514. [PMID: 36634790 DOI: 10.1016/j.carpath.2022.107514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a common disease that seriously threatens the health of human beings, especially middle-aged and elderly people over 50 years old. It has the characteristics of high prevalence, high disability rate and high mortality rate. Previous studies have shown that adiponectin has therapeutic effects on a variety of CVDs. As a key adipokine, adiponectin, is an abundant peptide-regulated hormone that is mainly released by adipocytes and cardiomyocytes, as well as endothelial and skeletal cells. Adiponectin can protect against CVD by improving lipid metabolism, protecting vascular endothelial cells and inhibiting foam cell formation and vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation. Further investigation of the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying the adiponectin system may provide new ideas for the treatment of CVD. Herein, this review aims to describe the structure and function of adiponectin and adiponectin receptors, introduce the function of adiponectin in the protection of cardiovascular disease and analyze the potential use and clinical significance of this hormone in the protection and treatment of cardiovascular disease, which shows that adiponectin can be expected to become a new therapeutic target and biomarker for the diagnosis and treatment of CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Peng
- Clinical Medical Research Center, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qian Chen
- Clinical Medical Research Center, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chuncao Wu
- Insititution of Chinese Materia Medica Preparation, Chongqing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing, China.
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Quispe R, Sweeney T, Martin SS, Jones SR, Allison MA, Budoff MJ, Ndumele CE, Elshazly MB, Michos ED. Associations of Adipokine Levels with Levels of Remnant Cholesterol: the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2023:2023.04.24.23289072. [PMID: 37162928 PMCID: PMC10168480 DOI: 10.1101/2023.04.24.23289072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Background The metabolic syndrome phenotype of individuals with obesity is characterized by elevated levels of triglyceride (TG)-rich lipoproteins and remnant particles, which have been shown to be significantly atherogenic. Understanding the association between adipokines, endogenous hormones produced by adipose tissue, and remnant cholesterol (RC) would give insight into the link between obesity and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Methods We studied 1,791 MESA participants of an ancillary study on body composition who had adipokine levels measured (leptin, adiponectin, resistin) at either visit 2 or 3. RC was calculated as non-high density lipoprotein cholesterol minus low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), measured at the same visit as the adipokines, as well as subsequent visits 4 through 6. Multivariable-adjusted linear mixed effects models were used to assess the cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between adipokines and levels of RC. Results Mean (SD) age was 64.5±9.6 years and for body mass index (BMI) was 29.9±5.0 kg/m2; 52.0% were women. In fully adjusted models that included BMI, LDL-C and lipid-lowering therapy, for each 1-unit increment in adiponectin, there was 14.4% (12.0, 16.8) lower RC. With each 1-unit increment in leptin and resistin, there was 4.5% (2.3, 6.6) and 5.1% (1.2, 9.2) higher RC, respectively. Lower adiponectin and higher leptin were also associated with longitudinal increases in RC levels over median follow-up of 5(4-8) years. Conclusions Lower adiponectin and higher leptin levels were independently associated with higher levels of RC at baseline and longitudinal RC increase, even after accounting for BMI and LDL-C. CLINICAL PERSPECTIVE What is new?: - Among individuals without history of cardiovascular disease, adiponectin is inversely associated with cross-sectional levels of remnant cholesterol, whereas leptin and resistin are directly associated.- Adiponectin had an inverse association with progression of remnant cholesterol levels over time.What are the clinical implications?: - Adiponectin levels were not associated with LDL-C levels but with levels of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins, particularly remnant cholesterol.-Incrementing adiponectin via lifestyle modification and/or pharmacological therapies (i.e. GLP-1 agonists) could be a mechanism to reduce remnant cholesterol levels and ultimately cardiovascular risk.
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25
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Ford JH, Lage MJ, Boye KS, Bae JP, Terrell KA, Bunck MC. Five-year morbidity and mortality rates in a U.S. population with obesity with and without prediabetes. J Diabetes Complications 2023; 37:108454. [PMID: 37004499 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2023.108454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
AIMS This research examines the prevalence of morbidity and mortality among people with obesity with or without prediabetes. METHODS This observational study uses Optum® Market Clarity deidentified data from 2007 to 2020. Individuals with obesity without prediabetes (obesity only) were matched 1:1 to adults with prediabetes plus obesity based upon age, sex, race, ethnicity, and region. Age and sex adjusted prevalence rates and 95 % CIs were calculated for morbidity and mortality for each 365-day period post index date and over the entire 5-year post-period. RESULTS After 5-years, the adjusted mortality rate was 10.1 % for adults with obesity plus prediabetes and 6.9 % for adults with obesity only (p < 0.05). Five years post index date, the prevalence of type 2 diabetes was 25.3 % for people with obesity plus prediabetes and 9.2 % for people with obesity only (p < 0.05). Prevalence rates after 5 years for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (13.1 % v 8.1 %), composite cardiovascular outcome (7.0 % v 4.4 %) and composite cardio-renal outcome (8.9 % v 5.0 %) were significantly higher for adults with obesity plus prediabetes compared to adults with obesity only (all p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Results of this study indicate that the presence of prediabetes contributes to the development of additional morbidity and mortality in adults with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janet H Ford
- Value, Evidence and Outcomes, Eli Lilly and Company, Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, IN 36255, United States of America.
| | - Maureen J Lage
- HealthMetrics Outcomes Research, 17 Benton's Knoll, Guilford, CT 06437, United States of America.
| | - Kristina S Boye
- Value, Evidence and Outcomes, Eli Lilly and Company, Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, IN 36255, United States of America.
| | - Jay P Bae
- Value, Evidence and Outcomes, Eli Lilly and Company, Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, IN 46226, United States of America.
| | - Kendra A Terrell
- Value, Evidence and Outcomes, Eli Lilly and Company, Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, IN 46226, United States of America.
| | - Mathijs C Bunck
- Medical Development, Eli Lilly and Company, Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, IN 46226, United States of America.
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Vukašinović D, Maksimović M, Tanasković S, Marinković JM, Radak Đ, Maksimović J, Vujčić I, Prijović N, Vlajinac H. Body Mass Index and Late Adverse Outcomes after a Carotid Endarterectomy. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:2692. [PMID: 36768056 PMCID: PMC9916381 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20032692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
A cohort study was conducted to examine the association of an increased body mass index (BMI) with late adverse outcomes after a carotid endarterectomy (CEA). It comprised 1597 CEAs, performed in 1533 patients at the Vascular Surgery Clinic in Belgrade, from 1 January 2012 to 31 December 2017. The follow-up lasted four years after CEA. Data for late myocardial infarction and stroke were available for 1223 CEAs, data for death for 1305 CEAs, and data for restenosis for 1162 CEAs. Logistic and Cox regressions were used in the analysis. The CEAs in patients who were overweight and obese were separately compared with the CEAs in patients with a normal weight. Out of 1223 CEAs, 413 (33.8%) were performed in patients with a normal weight, 583 (47.7%) in patients who were overweight, and 220 (18.0%) in patients who were obese. According to the logistic regression analysis, the compared groups did not significantly differ in the frequency of myocardial infarction, stroke, and death, as late major adverse outcomes (MAOs), or in the frequency of restenosis. According to the Cox and logistic regression analyses, BMI was neither a predictor for late MAOs, analyzed separately or all together, nor for restenosis. In conclusion, being overweight and being obese were not related to the occurrence of late adverse outcomes after a carotid endarterectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danka Vukašinović
- Institute of Hygiene and Medical Ecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Miloš Maksimović
- Institute of Hygiene and Medical Ecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Slobodan Tanasković
- Vascular Surgery Clinic, “Dedinje” Cardiovascular Institute, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jelena M. Marinković
- Institute of Medical Statistics and Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Đorđe Radak
- Vascular Surgery Clinic, “Dedinje” Cardiovascular Institute, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jadranka Maksimović
- Institute of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Isidora Vujčić
- Institute of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Nebojša Prijović
- Clinic of Urology, University Clinical Center of Serbia, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Hristina Vlajinac
- Institute of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
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Fan W, Si Y, Xing E, Feng Z, Ding Z, Liu Y, Wei C, Tian Y, Zhang Y, Liu J, Sun L. Human epicardial adipose tissue inflammation correlates with coronary artery disease. Cytokine 2023; 162:156119. [PMID: 36603481 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2022.156119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Revised: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS This study investigates the expression of novel adipocytokines and inflammatory cells infiltration in epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) between 27 coronary artery disease (CAD) and 21 non-CAD (NCAD) patients enrolled from September 2020 to September 2021. METHODS AND RESULTS Serum, gene, and protein expression levels of the novel adipocytokines were determined using ELISA, RT-qPCR, and western blot analyses. The number of blood vessels and adipocytes morphology were measured via hematoxylin-eosin staining, and inflammatory cells infiltration was examined via immunohistochemistry. Serum ANGPTL8, CTRP5, and Wnt5a levels were higher in the CAD than in the NCAD group, while serum CTRP3, Sfrp5, and ZAG levels were lower in the CAD than in the NCAD group. Compared to the EAT of NCAD and SAT of CAD patients, the EAT of CAD patients had higher mRNA levels of ANGPTL8, CTRP5, and Wnt5a while lower levels of CTRP3, Sfrp5, and ZAG; higher protein expression levels of ANGPTL8 and CTRP5 but lower levels of CTRP3; more blood vessels; and higher infiltration rates of macrophages (CD68 + ), pro-inflammatory M1 macrophages (CD11c + ), mast cells (Tryptase + ), T lymphocytes (CD3 + ), and B lymphocytes (CD20 + ) but lower infiltration rates of anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages (CD206 + ). CONCLUSION Novel adipocytokines and inflammatory cells infiltration are dysregulated in human EAT, and could be important pathophysiological mechanisms and novelly promising medicating targets of CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjun Fan
- Department of Cardiology, Chengde Medical University Affiliated Hospital, Chengde, Hebei, China.
| | - Yueqiao Si
- Department of Cardiology, Chengde Medical University Affiliated Hospital, Chengde, Hebei, China.
| | - Enhong Xing
- Central Laboratory of Chengde Medical University Affiliated Hospital, Chengde, Hebei, China.
| | - Zengbin Feng
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Chengde Medical University Affiliated Hospital, Chengde, Hebei, China.
| | - Zhenjiang Ding
- Department of Cardiology, Chengde Medical University Affiliated Hospital, Chengde, Hebei, China.
| | - Yixiang Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Chengde Medical University Affiliated Hospital, Chengde, Hebei, China.
| | - Chen Wei
- Department of Cardiology, Chengde Medical University Affiliated Hospital, Chengde, Hebei, China.
| | - Yanan Tian
- Department of Cardiology, Chengde Medical University Affiliated Hospital, Chengde, Hebei, China.
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Chengde Medical University Affiliated Hospital, Chengde, Hebei, China.
| | - Jingyi Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Chengde Medical University Affiliated Hospital, Chengde, Hebei, China.
| | - Lixian Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Chengde Medical University Affiliated Hospital, Chengde, Hebei, China.
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HUANG J, GUO K, WANG P, WANG C. The correlation between obesity and death of old population in Peking. GAZZETTA MEDICA ITALIANA ARCHIVIO PER LE SCIENZE MEDICHE 2023. [DOI: 10.23736/s0393-3660.22.04879-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
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Unveiling IL-33/ST2 Pathway Unbalance in Cardiac Remodeling Due to Obesity in Zucker Fatty Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24031991. [PMID: 36768322 PMCID: PMC9916239 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24031991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is an epidemic condition linked to cardiovascular disease severity and mortality. Fat localization and type represent cardiovascular risk estimators. Importantly, visceral fat secretes adipokines known to promote low-grade inflammation that, in turn, modulate its secretome and cardiac metabolism. In this regard, IL-33 regulates the functions of various immune cells through ST2 binding and-following its role as an immune sensor to infection and stress-is involved in the pro-fibrotic remodeling of the myocardium. Here we further investigated the IL-33/ST2 effects on cardiac remodeling in obesity, focusing on molecular pathways linking adipose-derived IL-33 to the development of fibrosis or hypertrophy. We analyzed the Zucker Fatty rat model, and we developed in vitro models to mimic the adipose and myocardial relationship. We demonstrated a dysregulation of IL-33/ST2 signaling in both adipose and cardiac tissue, where they affected Epac proteins and myocardial gene expression, linked to pro-fibrotic signatures. In Zucker rats, pro-fibrotic effects were counteracted by ghrelin-induced IL-33 secretion, whose release influenced transcription factor expression and ST2 isoforms balance regulation. Finally, the effect of IL-33 signaling is dependent on several factors, such as cell types' origin and the balancing of ST2 isoforms. Noteworthy, it is reasonable to state that considering IL-33 to have a unique protective role should be considered over-simplistic.
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Su Y, Li X, Li H, Xu J, Xiang M. Association between Sedentary Behavior during Leisure Time and Excessive Weight in Chinese Children, Adolescents, and Adults. Nutrients 2023; 15:424. [PMID: 36678295 PMCID: PMC9867297 DOI: 10.3390/nu15020424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Sedentary behavior is increasing in all age groups and is one of the most common lifestyles that is a risk factor for overweight and obesity; however, few studies have evaluated the impact of leisure-time sedentary behavior on overweight and obesity. This study aims to examine the distribution characteristics of different leisure-time sedentary behaviors and their effects on excessive weight in different age groups in the Chinese population to provide evidence for the development of behavioral interventions. (2) Methods: This study utilizes data from the 2004 to 2011 China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS). Participants ranged in age from 6 to 18 years or older and were from China. Weight and height were measured in the physical examination, and the sedentary behavior times during leisure periods were collected by using a questionnaire. Logistic regression models were performed for association analyses. (3) Results: A total of 36,169 participants were included in this study. The impact of screen-based sedentary leisure time on excessive weight is greater in middle-aged and older adults. For middle-aged adults, sedentary time periods spent on the Internet or video games were found to be significantly and positively associated with excessive weight (OR, 1.122, 95% CI, 1.005-1.253). In addition, for older adults, sedentary time periods spent watching television or videos were found to be significantly and positively associated with excessive weight (OR, 1.065, 95% CI, 1.035-1.095). (4) Conclusions: This study helps grasp the target population and provide evidence for the development of behavioral intervention guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya Su
- School of Nursing, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Xueyuan Li
- Health Commission of Shanghai Huangpu, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Huilun Li
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Jiawei Xu
- Eye and Dental Diseases Prevention and Treatment Center of Pudong New Area, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Mi Xiang
- Minister of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children’s Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200025, China
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Xu X, Yin R, Zhi K, Qin Y, Tu B, Wu S, Dong Z, Liu D, He J. Morbid obesity impacts mortality among inpatients with type a aortic dissection: an analysis of the national inpatient sample. J Cardiothorac Surg 2023; 18:14. [PMID: 36627663 PMCID: PMC9832697 DOI: 10.1186/s13019-022-02080-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stanford type A aortic dissection (T(A)AD) is one of the most dangerous cardiovascular diseases and morbid obesity is associated with the prognosis of many cardiovascular diseases. The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of morbid obesity on in-hospital mortality, total hospital costs and discover the prevalence of morbid obesity among inpatients with T(A)AD. METHODS Patients with a primary diagnosis of T(A)AD were identified from the National Inpatient Sample database (NIS) from 2008 to 2017. These patients were categorized into non-obesity, obesity and morbid obesity. Multivariable regression models were utilized to assess the association between obesity/morbid obesity and in-hospital mortality, total cost and other clinical factors. The temporal trend in prevalence of obesity/morbid obesity in T(A)ADs and the trend of in-hospital mortality among different weight categories were also explored. RESULTS From the NIS database 8489 T(A)AD inpatients were identified, of which 7230 (85.2%) patients were non-obese, 822 (9.7%) were obese and 437 (5.1%) were morbid obese. Morbid obesity was associated with increased risk of in-hospital mortality (odds ratio [OR] 1.39; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.03-1.86), 8% higher total cost compared with the non-obese patients. From 2008 to 2017, the rate of obesity and morbid obesity in patients with T(A)AD have significantly increased from 7.36 to 11.33% (P < 0.001) and from 1.95 to 7.37% (P < 0.001). Factors associated with morbid obesity in T(A)ADs included age, female, elective admission, hospital region, dyslipidemia, smoking, rheumatoid arthritis/collagen vascular diseases, chronic pulmonary disease, diabetes and hypertension. CONCLUSIONS Morbid obesity are connected with worse clinical outcomes and more health resource utilization in T(A)AD patients. Appropriate medical resource orientation and weight management education for T(A)AD patients may be necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Xu
- grid.24516.340000000123704535Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092 China
| | - Renqi Yin
- grid.73113.370000 0004 0369 1660Department of Vascular Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433 China
| | - Kangkang Zhi
- grid.73113.370000 0004 0369 1660Department of Vascular Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433 China
| | - Yingyi Qin
- grid.73113.370000 0004 0369 1660Department of Military Health Statistics, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433 China
| | - Boxiang Tu
- grid.73113.370000 0004 0369 1660Department of Military Health Statistics, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433 China
| | - Shengyong Wu
- grid.73113.370000 0004 0369 1660Department of Military Health Statistics, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433 China
| | - Ziwei Dong
- grid.24516.340000000123704535Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092 China
| | - Dongxu Liu
- grid.24516.340000000123704535Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092 China
| | - Jia He
- grid.24516.340000000123704535Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092 China ,grid.73113.370000 0004 0369 1660Department of Military Health Statistics, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433 China
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Ghanemi A, Yoshioka M, St-Amand J. DNA Damage as a Mechanistic Link between Air Pollution and Obesity? MEDICINES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 10:medicines10010004. [PMID: 36662488 PMCID: PMC9863819 DOI: 10.3390/medicines10010004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
It has been shown that the risk of developing obesity, a serious modern health problem, increases with air pollution. However, the molecular links are yet to be fully elucidated. Herein, we propose a hypothesis via which air pollution-induced DNA damage would be the mechanistic link between air pollution and the enhanced risk of obesity and overweight. Indeed, whereas air pollution leads to DNA damage, DNA damage results in inflammation, oxidative stress and metabolic impairments that could be behind energy balance changes contributing to obesity. Such thoughts, worth exploring, seems an important starting point to better understand the impact of air pollution on obesity development independently from the two main energy balance pillars that are diet and physical activity. This could possibly lead to new applications both for therapies as well as for policies and regulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelaziz Ghanemi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Functional Genomics Laboratory, Endocrinology and Nephrology Axis, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - Mayumi Yoshioka
- Functional Genomics Laboratory, Endocrinology and Nephrology Axis, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - Jonny St-Amand
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Functional Genomics Laboratory, Endocrinology and Nephrology Axis, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC G1V 4G2, Canada
- Correspondence:
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A Human Model of the Effects of an Instant Sheer Weight Loss on Cardiopulmonary Parameters during a Treadmill Run. J Clin Med 2022; 12:jcm12010098. [PMID: 36614900 PMCID: PMC9821056 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12010098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Exercise tolerance is limited in obesity and improves after weight reduction; therefore, we mutually compared the relative changes in exercise capacity variables during cardiopulmonary exercise tests (CPET) in a 12 kg sheer weight reduction model. Twenty healthy male runners underwent two CPETs: CPET1 with the actual body weight, which determined the anaerobic threshold (AT) and respiratory compensation point (RCP); and CPET2 during which the participants wore a +12 kg vest and ran at the AT speed set during the CPET1. Running after body weight reduction shifted the CPET parameters from the high-mixed aerobic-anaerobic (RCP) to the aerobic zone (AT), but these relative changes were not mutually similar. The most beneficial changes were found for breathing mechanics parameters (range 12-28%), followed by cardiovascular function (6-7%), gas exchange (5-6%), and the smallest for the respiratory exchange ratio (5%) representing the energy metabolism during exercise. There was no correlation between the extent of the relative body weight change (median value ~15%) and the changes in CPET parameters. Weight reduction improves exercise capacity and tolerance. However, the observed relative changes are not related to the magnitude of the body change nor comparable between various parameters characterizing the pulmonary and cardiovascular systems and energy metabolism.
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Vukašinović D, Maksimović M, Tanasković S, Marinković J, Gajin P, Ilijevski N, Vasiljević N, Radak Đ, Vlajinac H. Body mass index and early outcomes after carotid endarterectomy. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0278298. [PMID: 36538553 PMCID: PMC9767338 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0278298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
As the existing data on the correlation of adiposity with adverse outcomes of carotid endarterectomy (CEA) are inconsistent, the aim of the present study is to examine the correlation of an increased body mass index with 30-day complications after carotid endarterectomy. The cohort study comprises 1586 CEAs, performed at the Clinic for Vascular Surgery in Belgrade, from 2012-2017. Out of them, 550 CEAs were performed in patients with normal body mass index (18.5-24.9), 750 in overweight (25.0-29.9), and 286 in obese (≥30) patients. The association of overweight and obesity with early outcomes of carotid endarterectomy was assessed using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis. Overweight patients, in whom CEAs were performed, were significantly more frequently males, compared to normal weight patients-Odds Ratio (OR) 1.51 (95% confidence interval- 1.19-1.89). Moreover, overweight patients significantly more frequently had non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus-OR 1.44 (1.09-1.90), and more frequently used ACEI in hospital discharge therapy-OR 1.41 (1.07-1.84) than normal weight patients. Additionally, the CEAs in them were less frequently followed by bleedings-OR 0.37 (0.16-0.83). Compared to normal weight patients, obese patients were significantly younger-OR 0.98 (0.96-0.99), and with insulin-dependent and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus-OR 1.83 (1.09-3.06) and OR 2.13 (1.50-3.01) respectively. They also more frequently had increased triglyceride levels-OR 1.36 (1.01-1.83), and more frequently used oral anticoagulants in therapy before the surgery-OR 2.16 (1.11-4.19). According to the results obtained, overweight and obesity were not associated with an increased death rate, transient ischemic attack (TIA), stroke, myocardial infarction, or with minor complications, and the need for reoperation after carotid endarterectomy. The only exception was bleeding, which was significantly less frequent after CEA in overweight compared to normal weight patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danka Vukašinović
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Hygiene and Medical Ecology, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Miloš Maksimović
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Hygiene and Medical Ecology, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Slobodan Tanasković
- Vascular Surgery Clinic, “Dedinje” Cardiovascular Institute, Belgrade, Serbia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jelena Marinković
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical Statistics and Informatics, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Predrag Gajin
- Vascular Surgery Clinic, “Dedinje” Cardiovascular Institute, Belgrade, Serbia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Nenad Ilijevski
- Vascular Surgery Clinic, “Dedinje” Cardiovascular Institute, Belgrade, Serbia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Nađa Vasiljević
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Hygiene and Medical Ecology, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Đorđe Radak
- Vascular Surgery Clinic, “Dedinje” Cardiovascular Institute, Belgrade, Serbia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Hristina Vlajinac
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Epidemiology, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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Sievert LL, Whitcomb BW, Verjee MA, Gerber LM. Limited evidence of a threshold effect for increasing adiposity on risk of symptoms at midlife. Menopause 2022; 29:1381-1387. [PMID: 36166728 DOI: 10.1097/gme.0000000000002074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the nature of relationships between increasing body mass index (BMI) and the prevalence of midlife symptoms in a population with high adiposity. METHODS In the cross-sectional Study of Women's Health in Qatar, 841 participants aged 40 to 60 years were recruited from nine primary health centers in Doha. Face-to-face interviews collected demographic, menopause, and symptom information. BMI (kg/m 2 ) was categorized as healthy, overweight, or class I, II, or III obesity. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to examine aches/stiffness in joints, trouble sleeping, shortness of breath, urinary incontinence, and hot flashes with BMI categories. Restricted cubic splines (RCSs) were used to estimate relationships between continuous BMI and each symptom and to conduct formal tests of nonlinearity. RESULTS Mean BMI was 34.3 kg/m 2 (SD, 6.0 kg/m 2 ). Women with class II and III obesity had higher odds of reporting aches/stiffness than women with a healthy BMI, and the odds of reporting urinary incontinence were three times higher among women with class III obesity (odds ratio, 3.08; 95% confidence interval, 1.17-8.14). Using restricted cubic spline models, a significant nonlinear association ( P = 0.002) was observed between aches/stiffness and BMI with an apparent threshold of 38 kg/m 2 . Linear relationships were observed with BMI for urinary incontinence ( P < 0.001 for linear trend) and shortness of breath ( P = 0.005 for linear trend). Trouble sleeping and hot flashes were not associated with BMI. CONCLUSIONS Even at very high levels of BMI, likelihood of urinary incontinence and shortness of breath increases with BMI. In contrast, likelihood of aches/stiffness has a nonlinear relationship with BMI, increasing to a threshold level.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Brian W Whitcomb
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA
| | | | - Linda M Gerber
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
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Rehman E, Rehman S. Particulate air pollution and metabolic risk factors: Which are more prone to cardiac mortality. Front Public Health 2022; 10:995987. [PMID: 36339190 PMCID: PMC9631442 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.995987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
This study explored multiplex, country-level connections between a wide range of cardiac risk factors and associated mortality within the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) countries. The grey relational analysis (GRA) methodology is used to evaluate data from 2001 to 2018 to compute scores and rank countries based on cardiac mortality. Subsequently, we used the conservative (Min-Max) technique to determine which South Asian country contributes the most to cardiac mortality. The Hurwicz criterion is further applied for optimization by highlighting the risk factors with the highest impact on cardiac mortality. Empirical findings revealed that India and Nepal are the leading drivers of cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality among all SAARC nations based on the results of the GRA methodology. Moreover, the outcomes based on the Hurwicz criterion and the conservative criterion indicated that CVD mortality is considerably impacted by household air pollution from the combustion of solid fuel, with India as a potential contributor in the SAARC region. The outcomes of this research may enable international organizations and public health policymakers to make better decisions and investments within the SAARC region to minimize the burden of CVD while also strengthening environmentally sustainable healthcare practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erum Rehman
- Department of Mathematics, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan,School of Economics, Shandong University of Science and Economics, Jinan, China,Group of Energy, Economy and Systems Dynamics, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Shazia Rehman
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Pak-Austria Fachhochschule: Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology, Haripur, Pakistan,*Correspondence: Shazia Rehman
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High-Fat Diet Increases Bone Loss by Inducing Ferroptosis in Osteoblasts. Stem Cells Int 2022; 2022:9359429. [PMID: 36277036 PMCID: PMC9586793 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9359429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Current research suggests that chronic high-fat dietary intake can lead to bone loss in adults; however, the mechanism by which high-fat diets affect the development of osteoporosis in individuals is unclear. As high-fat diets are strongly associated with ferroptosis, whether ferroptosis mediates high-fat diet-induced bone loss was the focus of our current study. By dividing the mice into a high-fat diet group, a high-fat diet + ferroptosis inhibitor group and a normal chow group, mice in the high-fat group were given a high-fat diet for 12 weeks. The mice in the high-fat diet + ferroptosis inhibitor group were given 1 mg/kg Fer-1 per day intraperitoneally at the start of the high-fat diet. Microscopic CT scans, histological tests, and biochemical indicators of ferroptosis were performed on bone tissue from all three groups at the end of the modelling period. Mc3t3-E1 cells were also used in vitro and divided into three groups: high-fat medium group, high-fat medium+ferroptosis inhibitor group, and control group. After 24 hours of incubation in high-fat medium, Mc3t3-E1 cells were assayed for ferroptosis marker proteins and biochemical parameters, and osteogenesis induction was performed simultaneously. Cellular alkaline phosphatase content and expression of osteogenesis-related proteins were measured at day 7 of osteogenesis induction. The results showed that a high-fat diet led to the development of femoral bone loss in mice and that this process could be inhibited by ferroptosis inhibitors. The high-fat diet mainly affected the number of osteoblasts produced in the bone marrow cavity. The high-fat environment in vitro inhibited osteoblast proliferation and osteogenic differentiation, and significant changes in ferroptosis-related biochemical parameters were observed. These findings have implications for the future clinical treatment of bone loss caused by high-fat diets.
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Manoharan MP, Raja R, Jamil A, Csendes D, Gutlapalli SD, Prakash K, Swarnakari KM, Bai M, Desai DM, Desai A, Penumetcha SS. Obesity and Coronary Artery Disease: An Updated Systematic Review 2022. Cureus 2022; 14:e29480. [DOI: 10.7759/cureus.29480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Allen LB, Mirnics K. Metoprolol Inhibits Developmental Brain Sterol Biosynthesis in Mice. Biomolecules 2022; 12:1211. [PMID: 36139049 PMCID: PMC9496459 DOI: 10.3390/biom12091211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
De novo sterol synthesis is a critical homeostatic mechanism in the brain that begins during early embryonic development and continues throughout life. Multiple medications have sterol-biosynthesis-inhibiting side effects, with potentially detrimental effects on brain health. Using LC-MS/MS, we investigated the effects of six commonly used beta-blockers on brain sterol biosynthesis in vitro using cell lines. Two beta-blockers, metoprolol (MTP) and nebivolol, showed extreme elevations of the highly oxidizable cholesterol precursor 7-dehydrocholesterol (7-DHC) in vitro across multiple cell lines. We followed up on the MTP findings using a maternal exposure model in mice. We found that 7-DHC was significantly elevated in all maternal brain regions analyzed as well as in the heart, liver and brain of the maternally exposed offspring. Since DHCR7-inhibiting/7-DHC elevating compounds can be considered teratogens, these findings suggest that MTP utilization during pregnancy might be detrimental for the development of offspring, and alternative beta-blockers should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke B. Allen
- Munroe-Meyer Institute for Genetics and Rehabilitation, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68105, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Károly Mirnics
- Munroe-Meyer Institute for Genetics and Rehabilitation, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68105, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
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Zhou C, Yin X. Wogonin Ameliorated Obesity-Induced Lipid Metabolism Disorders and Cardiac Injury via Suppressing Pyroptosis and Deactivating IL-17 Signaling Pathway. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2022; 50:1553-1564. [PMID: 35770725 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x22500653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Obesity leads to structural and functional changes in the heart and has become a global burden of disease. Wogonin is a natural flavonoid which possesses cardioprotective, neuroprotective, and anti-cancer properties. However, the effects of wogonin on obesity-induced cardiac injury remain unclear. In this study, the high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice model was successfully established. Moreover, HFD induced a fat mass and cardiac injury in mice. More importantly, wogonin treatment reduced fat mass and improved cardiac function of HFD mice. Consistently, wogonin ameliorated myocardial lipid metabolism in HFD-induced obese mice by reducing triglyceride (TC), total cholesterol (TG), and non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) levels in serum, as well as the TG and free fatty acids (FFA) levels in heart tissues. Interestingly, wogonin treatment alleviated myocardial pyroptosis in HFD-induced obese mice. Through bioinformatic analysis, the IL-17 signaling pathway was predicted to be modulated by wogonin. Results showed that wogonin deactivated the IL-17 signaling pathway in HFD mice. These findings suggested that wogonin ameliorated obesity-induced disorders of lipid metabolism and cardiac injury via suppressing pyroptosis and deactivating the IL-17 signaling pathway, which provided a novel therapeutic strategy for HFD-induced cardiac injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Zhou
- Department of Paediatrics, Changzhou Second People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213164, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoling Yin
- Department of Paediatrics, Changzhou Second People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213164, P. R. China
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Zhang S, Tian J, Lei M, Zhong C, Zhang Y. Association between dietary fiber intake and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk in adults: a cross-sectional study of 14,947 population based on the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:1076. [PMID: 35641963 PMCID: PMC9158217 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-13419-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background This study aimed to investigate the association between dietary fiber intake and long-term cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk based on the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database. Methods A total of 14,947 participants aged 20–79 from the NHANES database were included in this study between 2009 and 2018. The atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) score was utilized to predict the 10-year risk of CVD in individuals (low, borderline, intermediate, and high risk). Weighted univariate and multinomial multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to analyze the association between dietary fiber intake and long-term CVD risk. Results Higher dietary fiber density may be associated with a reduced ASCVD risk in participants with intermediate risk [odds ratio (OR) = 0.76; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.61–0.94] and high risk (OR = 0.60; 95%CI, 0.45–0.81) compared with those in the group with low risk. Higher total dietary fiber intake may also reduce ASCVD risk in participants with high risk (OR = 0.84; 95%CI, 0.75–0.95). Subgroup analyses showed that higher dietary fiber density may be related to reduced ASCVD risk in intermediate-risk participants aged 20–39 (OR = 0.62; 95%CI, 0.43–0.89) and 40–59 (OR = 0.67; 95%CI, 0.49–0.94). In high-risk participants, higher dietary fiber density may reduce ASCVD risk in 20–39-year-old (OR = 0.38; 95%CI, 0.19–0.77), 40–59-year-old (OR = 0.37; 95%CI, 0.20–0.70), male (OR = 0.47; 95%CI, 0.23–0.97) and female (OR = 0.57; 95%CI, 0.38–0.86) participants. Conclusion Higher dietary fiber density and total dietary fiber intake were associated with a lower long-term CVD risk, especially in the 20–39 and 40–59 age groups, where the reduction was most significant. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-022-13419-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shutang Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, Chongqing University Fuling Hospital, Chongqing Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chongqing, 408000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Tian
- Department of Geriatrics, Chongqing University Fuling Hospital, Chongqing Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chongqing, 408000, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Lei
- Department of Geriatrics, Chongqing University Fuling Hospital, Chongqing Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chongqing, 408000, People's Republic of China
| | - Canye Zhong
- Department of Geriatrics, Chongqing University Fuling Hospital, Chongqing Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chongqing, 408000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine CCU, Hanzhong People's Hospital, No.251 North Unity Street, Hantai District, Hanzhong, 723000, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
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Kuang R, Liao Y, Xie X, Li B, Lin X, Liu Q, Liu X, Yu W. Dynamic physical examination indicators of cardiovascular health: A single-center study in Shanghai, China. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0268358. [PMID: 35550637 PMCID: PMC9098044 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0268358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Dynamic physical examination data can provide both cross-sectional and time-series characteristics of cardiovascular health. However, most physical examination databases containing health and disease information have not been fully utilized in China. Hence, this study aimed to analyze dynamic physical examination indicators for cardiovascular health to provide evidence for precise prevention and control of cardiovascular diseases in the primary prevention domain among healthy population with different demographic characteristics in Shanghai. Three-year continuous data were collected from the physical examination center of a hospital in Shanghai from 2018 to 2020, which included a total of 14,044 participants with an average age of 46.51±15.57 years. The cardiovascular status of overall healthy individuals may have a decreasing trend, which is manifested as a significant year-on-year decrease in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; a significant year-on-year increase in total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and blood glucose levels; and a possible increasing trend of diastolic blood pressure, body mass index, and triglycerides. Healthy population with different sex and age groups have various sensitives to cardiovascular physical examination indicators. To conduct more accurate cardiovascular health management and health promotion for key populations in primary prevention, focusing on the dynamic trends of blood pressure, blood lipids, blood glucose, and body mass index in men and changes in total cholesterol in women over time is especially important. The age group of 50–69 years is key for better prevention and control of cardiovascular health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongren Kuang
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yiling Liao
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xinhan Xie
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Biao Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaojuan Lin
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qiang Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
- * E-mail: (WY); (XL); (QL)
| | - Xiang Liu
- Department of Respiratory Disease, The 903rd Hospital of the People’s Liberation Army, Hangzhou, China
- * E-mail: (WY); (XL); (QL)
| | - Wenya Yu
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- * E-mail: (WY); (XL); (QL)
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Becker TB, Contreras D, Porth O. Differences in Eating and Physical Activity Behaviors, and Perceived Accessibility and Availability Barriers between Midwestern Rural and Urban Adults. JOURNAL OF HUNGER & ENVIRONMENTAL NUTRITION 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/19320248.2021.1930318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tyler Brian Becker
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University(MSU), East Lansing, Michigan, USA
- Health and Nutrition Institute, Michigan State University(MSU), East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Dawn Contreras
- Health and Nutrition Institute, Michigan State University(MSU), East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Olivia Porth
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University(MSU), East Lansing, Michigan, USA
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Yi H, Liu C, Shi J, Wang S, Zhang H, He Y, Tao J, Li S, Zhang R. EGCG Alleviates Obesity-Induced Myocardial Fibrosis in Rats by Enhancing Expression of SCN5A. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:869279. [PMID: 35571212 PMCID: PMC9098820 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.869279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Object Obesity is an increase in body weight beyond the limitation of skeletal and physical requirement, as the result of an excessive accumulation of fat in the body. Obesity could increase the risk of myocardial fibrosis. (-)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) is the most abundant substance in green tea and has been reported to have multiple pharmacological activities. However, there is not enough evidence to show that EGCG has a therapeutic effect on obesity-induced myocardial fibrosis. This study aims to investigate whether EGCG is a potential drug for obesity-induced myocardial fibrosis. Methods Obesity-induced myocardial fibrosis rat model was established by HFD feeding for 36 weeks. EGCG was intragastrically administered at 160 mg/kg/d for the last 4 weeks. The pathological changes of myocardial fibrosis were evaluated by tissue pathological staining and collagen quantification. Furthermore, total RNA was extracted from the heart for RNA-seq to identify the changes in the transcript profile, and the relevant hub genes were verified by quantitative real-time PCR and western blot. Results EGCG significantly relieved HFD diet-induced obesity and alleviated the pathology of myocardial fibrosis. Biochemical analysis showed that EGCG could relieve the burden of lipid metabolism and injury to the myocardium and transcript profile analysis showed that EGCG could alleviate obesity-induced myocardial fibrosis by increasing the level of Scn5a in the heart. Furthermore, quantitative real-time PCR and western blot analysis for SCN5A also confirmed this finding. Conclusion Taken together, these results suggest that EGCG could protect against the obesity-induced myocardial fibrosis. EGCG plays an anti-myocardial fibrosis role by regulating the expression of SCN5A in the heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoan Yi
- Department of Cell Biology and Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Cong Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
- Department of Orthopedics, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jing Shi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Shuo Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Haoxin Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yongshu He
- Department of Cell Biology and Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Jianping Tao
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Shude Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
- Pharmaceutical Science and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
- *Correspondence: Shude Li
| | - Renfa Zhang
- Department of Physical Education, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
- Renfa Zhang
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Florian M, Li B, Patry D, Truong J, Caldwell D, Coughlan MC, Woodworth R, Yan J, Chen Q, Petrov I, Mahemuti L, Lalande M, Li N, Chan LHM, Willmore WG, Jin X. Interplay of Obesity, Ethanol, and Contaminant Mixture on Clinical Profiles of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases: Evidence from an Animal Study. Cardiovasc Toxicol 2022; 22:558-578. [PMID: 35429258 PMCID: PMC9107407 DOI: 10.1007/s12012-022-09738-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Obesity, ethanol, and contaminants are known risk factors of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases (CMD). However, their interplay on clinical profiles of these diseases remains unclear, and thus were investigated in this study. Male lean or obese JCR rats were given water or 10% ethanol and orally treated with or without a contaminant mixture (CM) dissolved in corn oil and loaded on two cookies at 0, 1.6, or 16 mg/kg BW/day dose levels for 4 weeks. The CM consisted 22 environmental contaminants found in human blood or serum of Northern populations. Over 60 parameters related to CMD were examined. The results revealed that obesity in JCR rats resembles the clinical profiles of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in humans. Obesity was also associated with increased serum and organ retention of mercury, one of the chemical components of CM. Exposure to ethanol lightened hyperlipidemia, increased liver retention of mercury, and increased risk for hypertension in the obese rats. CM lessened hyperlipidemia and hyperenzymemia, worsened systemic inflammation and increased the risk for hypertension in the obese rats. CM markedly increased serum ethanol levels with or without ethanol exposure. Tissue total mercury contents significantly correlated with clinical parameters with altered profiles by both ethanol and obesity. These results suggest that obese individuals may be more prone to contaminant accumulation. Ethanol and CM exposure can alter clinical profiles associated with obesity, which may lead to misdiagnosis of CMD associated with obesity. CM can alter endogenous production and/or metabolism of ethanol, further complicating disease progression, diagnosis, and treatment.
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Zhu C, Wang J, Wang J, Zhong Q, Huang Y, Chen Y, Lian Z. Associations between depressive symptoms and sleep duration for predicting cardiovascular disease onset: A prospective cohort study. J Affect Disord 2022; 303:1-9. [PMID: 35104466 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.01.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The joint effects of depressive symptoms and sleep on the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) are not well understood. The purpose of this study was to assess the combined impact of depressive symptoms and sleep duration on the incidence of CVD among middle-aged and older Chinese individuals. METHODS Data were from the China Health and Longitudinal Study conducted in 2013, 2015, and 2018. A total of 9595 participants aged ≥ 45 years without a history of CVD in 2013 were included. Depressive symptoms were measured using the 10-item Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression scale (elevated depressive symptoms cutoff ≥ 10). Average sleep duration was self-reported. Logistic regression analyses adjusted for age, sex, marital status, education and other potential confounders were conducted. RESULTS In total, 1072 (11.2%) participants reported CVD incidents over the 5-year period. Elevated depressive symptoms (OR = 1.49, 95% CI = 1.30-1.72) and short sleep duration (OR = 1.21, 95% CI = 1.05-1.40) were independently associated with an increased CVD risk in the fully adjusted model. Individuals with short sleep duration/low depressive symptoms (OR = 1.34, 95% CI = 1.12-1.60), short sleep duration/elevated depressive symptoms (OR = 1.70, 95% CI = 1.41-2.50), or long sleep duration/elevated depressive symptoms (OR = 2.13, 95% CI = 1.38-3.27) were more likely to develop CVD than those with normal sleep duration/low depressive symptoms. LIMITATIONS Depressive symptoms and sleep duration were self-reported. CONCLUSIONS A stronger risk of CVD was found when depressive symptoms and short or long sleep durations occurred together, suggesting that an integrated approach to sleep and depressive symptoms might be a feasible strategy for the prevention of CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunsu Zhu
- Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, No. 420, Fuma Road, Jinan, Fuzhou 350014, China
| | - Jianmin Wang
- Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, No. 420, Fuma Road, Jinan, Fuzhou 350014, China
| | - Jiaxue Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Qiaofeng Zhong
- Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, No. 420, Fuma Road, Jinan, Fuzhou 350014, China
| | - Yongying Huang
- Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, No. 420, Fuma Road, Jinan, Fuzhou 350014, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, No. 420, Fuma Road, Jinan, Fuzhou 350014, China
| | - Zhiwei Lian
- Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, No. 420, Fuma Road, Jinan, Fuzhou 350014, China.
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Zalaqi Z, Ghazalian F, Khodayar MJ, Raesi Vanani A, Khorsandi L, Shushizadeh MR. Swimming training combined with chitosan supplementation reduces the development of obesity and oxidative stress in high-fat diet-fed mice. Br J Nutr 2022; 127:837-846. [PMID: 33902761 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114521001379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is often introduced as one of the metabolic disorders caused by imbalance between energy consumption and metabolisable energy intake. Experts in the field considered obesity as one of the robust risk factors for the lifestyle-associated diseases. The present research examined interventional effects of marine chitosan (CS), swimming training (ST) and combination of CS and ST (CS + ST) in the mice fed with high-fat diets (HFD). In this study, sample size was considered more than three in groups. Forty mice were randomly divided into five groups (n 8 per group) including control group (received the standard diet), HFD group (received high-fat food with 20 % fat), HFD + CS group (treated with high-fat food with 5 % CS), HFD + ST group (treated with HFD and ST) and HFD + CS + ST group (treated with high-fat food with 5 % CS and ST). After 8 weeks, the blood glucose, oxidative stress (OS) and lipid profile were measured. The results showed that CS + ST group has more effects in the control of body weight with the increased concentration of HDL-cholesterol, OS inhibition via enhancing the body antioxidant capacity in comparison with the ST or CS alone in HFD-fed mice. Moreover, lipid profile was improved in CS + ST-treated mice compared with HFD-treated mice, and OS inhibition correlated with the greater activities of the antioxidant enzyme enhances the lipid oxidation, cholesterol and fatty acid homoeostasis. The results suggested that a dietary intervention with a combined ST and CS can be a feasible supplementary for human prevention of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Zalaqi
- Department of Physical Education, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farshad Ghazalian
- Department of Physical Education, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Javad Khodayar
- Toxicology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Department of Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Atefeh Raesi Vanani
- Toxicology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Layasadat Khorsandi
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Shushizadeh
- Marine Pharmaceutical Science Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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Muresanu C, Khalchitsky S. Updated Understanding of the Causes of Cancer, and a New Theoretical Perspective of Combinational Cancer Therapies, a Hypothesis. DNA Cell Biol 2022; 41:342-355. [PMID: 35262416 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2021.1118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
We present an integrative understanding of cancer as a metabolic multifactorial, multistage disease. We focus on underlying genetics-environmental interactions, evidenced by telomere changes. A range of genetic and epigenetic factors, including physical agents and predisposing factors such as diet and lifestyle are included. We present a structured model of the causes of cancer, methods of investigations, approaches to cancer prevention, and polypharmaceutical multidisciplinary complex treatment within a framework of personalized medicine. We searched PubMed, National Cancer Institute online, and other databases for publications regarding causes of cancer, reports of novel mitochondrial reprogramming, epigenetic, and telomerase therapies and state-of-the-art investigations. We focused on multistep treatment protocols to enhance early detection of cancer, and elimination or neutralization of the causes and factors associated with cancer formation and progression.Our aim is to suggest a model therapeutic protocol that incorporates the patient's genome, metabolism, and immune system status; stage of tumor development; and comorbidity(ies), if any. Investigation and treatment of cancer is a challenge that requires further holistic studies that improve the quality of life and survival rates, but are most likely to aid prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristian Muresanu
- Research Center for Applied Biotechnology in Diagnosis and Molecular Therapies, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.,Department of Ecology, Taxonomy and Nature Conservation, Institute of Biology, Romanian Academy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Sergei Khalchitsky
- H. Turner National Medical Research Center for Children's Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
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Ibacache-Saavedra P, Jerez-Mayorga D, Carretero-Ruiz A, Miranda-Fuentes C, Cano-Cappellacci M, Artero EG. Effects of bariatric surgery on cardiorespiratory fitness: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Obes Rev 2022; 23:e13408. [PMID: 34927337 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Although bariatric surgery (BS) is recognized as an effective strategy for body weight loss, its impact on cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is still unclear. We aimed to examine postoperative changes in CRF (VO2max/peak ) and its relationship with weight loss among adults undergoing BS. We systematically searched the WoS, PubMed, MEDLINE, and Scopus databases. Observational and intervention studies were selected reporting the presurgery and postsurgery CRF, measured by breath-by-breath VO2 or its estimation. Eleven articles (312 patients) revealed that BS leads to a reduction in absolute VO2max/peak in the short term (effect size, ES = -0.539; 95%CI = -0.708, -0.369; p < 0.001), and those patients who suffered a more significant decrease in BMI after BS also had a greater loss of absolute VO2max/peak . However, VO2max/peak relative to body weight increased after surgery (ES = 0.658; 95%CI = 0.473, 0.842; p < 0.001). An insufficient number of studies were found investigating medium and long-term changes in CRF after BS. This study provides moderate-quality evidence that the weight loss induced by BS can reduce CRF in the short term, which represents a therapeutic target to optimize BS outcomes. More high-quality studies are needed to evaluate the impact of BS on VO2max/peak in the short, medium, and long term including normalized values for fat-free mass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Ibacache-Saavedra
- Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences Laboratory, School of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Daniel Jerez-Mayorga
- Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences Laboratory, School of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Alejandro Carretero-Ruiz
- Department of Education and SPORT Research Group (CTS-1024), CERNEP Research Center, University of Almería, Almeria, Spain
| | - Claudia Miranda-Fuentes
- Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences Laboratory, School of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | | | - Enrique G Artero
- Department of Education and SPORT Research Group (CTS-1024), CERNEP Research Center, University of Almería, Almeria, Spain
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50
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Lawn RB, Nishimi KM, Sumner JA, Chibnik LB, Roberts AL, Kubzansky LD, Rich‐Edwards JW, Koenen KC, Thurston RC. Sexual Violence and Risk of Hypertension in Women in the Nurses' Health Study II: A 7-Year Prospective Analysis. J Am Heart Assoc 2022; 11:e023015. [PMID: 35189695 PMCID: PMC9075082 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.121.023015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Background Hypertension is a prevalent condition in women and an important modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Despite women's experiences of sexual violence being common, no prospective studies have examined lifetime sexual assault and workplace sexual harassment in relationship to hypertension in large civilian samples with extended follow-up. Here, we examined whether these experiences were prospectively associated with greater risk of developing hypertension over 7 years. Methods and Results Data are from a substudy of the Nurses' Health Study II and include women free of hypertension at the time of sexual assault and workplace sexual harassment assessment in 2008 (n=33 127). Hypertension was defined as self-reported doctor diagnosis or initiating antihypertensive medication use, assessed biennially through 2015. We performed Cox proportional hazards regression models to predict time to developing hypertension associated with sexual violence exposure, adjusting for relevant covariates. Over follow-up, 7096 women developed hypertension. Sexual assault and workplace sexual harassment were prevalent (23% and 12%, respectively; 6% of women experienced both). Compared with women with no exposure, women who experienced both sexual assault and workplace sexual harassment had the highest risk of developing hypertension (hazard ratio [HR], 1.21; 95% CI, 1.09-1.35), followed by women who experienced workplace sexual harassment (HR, 1.15; 95% CI, 1.05-1.25) and then by women who experienced sexual assault (HR, 1.11; 95% CI, 1.03-1.19), after adjusting for relevant covariates. Conclusions Sexual assault and workplace sexual harassment are prospectively associated with greater risk of hypertension. Reducing such violence is important in its own right and may also improve women's cardiovascular health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca B. Lawn
- Department of EpidemiologyHarvard T.H. Chan School of Public HealthBostonMA
| | - Kristen M. Nishimi
- Mental Health ServiceSan Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical CenterSan FranciscoCA
- Department of Psychiatry and Weill Institute for NeurosciencesUniversity of California San FranciscoSan FranciscoCA
| | | | - Lori B. Chibnik
- Department of EpidemiologyHarvard T.H. Chan School of Public HealthBostonMA
- Department of NeurologyMassachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMA
| | - Andrea L. Roberts
- Department of Environmental HealthHarvard T.H. Chan School of Public HealthBostonMA
| | - Laura D. Kubzansky
- Department of Social and Behavioral SciencesHarvard T.H. Chan School of Public HealthBostonMA
| | - Janet W. Rich‐Edwards
- Department of EpidemiologyHarvard T.H. Chan School of Public HealthBostonMA
- Division of Women’s HealthDepartment of MedicineBrigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMA
| | - Karestan C. Koenen
- Department of EpidemiologyHarvard T.H. Chan School of Public HealthBostonMA
- Department of Social and Behavioral SciencesHarvard T.H. Chan School of Public HealthBostonMA
- Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics UnitDepartment of PsychiatryMassachusetts General HospitalBostonMA
| | - Rebecca C. Thurston
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity of Pittsburgh School of MedicinePittsburghPA
- Department of EpidemiologyUniversity of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public HealthPittsburghPA
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