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Indira M, Surendranath Reddy EC, Kamala Prasad V, Satyanarayana Swamy V, Kakarla RR, Venkata Krishna Reddy M, Attiri P, Vasu Govardhana Reddy P, Aminabhavi TM. Environmentally friendly and efficient TBHP-mediated catalytic reaction for the synthesis of substituted benzimidazole-2-ones: In-silico approach to pharmaceutical applications. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 252:118760. [PMID: 38522741 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
A novel method was used to synthesize benzimidazole-2-ones from the corresponding benzimidazolium salts. These salts were subsequently reacted with potassium tertiary butoxide (KOtBu), followed by oxidation using tertiary butyl hydrogen peroxide (TBHP) at room temperature in tetrahydrofuran (THF) to obtain the desired products in 1 h with excellent yields. After optimizing the reaction conditions, the study focused on preparing benzimidazole-2-ones with diverse substituents at N1 and N3 positions, including benzyl, 2',4',6'-trimethyl benzyl groups, and long-chain aliphatic substituents (hexyl, octyl, decyl, and dodecyl). The compounds were characterized by 1H and 13C NMR spectra, of which compound 2a is supported by single crystal XRD. Benzimidazole-2-one compounds exhibited promising anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer properties. The inhibition of mitochondrial Heat Shock Protein 60 (HSP60) of title compounds was also explored. Computational simulations were employed to assess anti-cancer properties of 19 benzimidazole-2-one derivatives (potential drugs). In-silico docking studies demonstrated promising binding interactions with HSP60, and these results were supported by molecular dynamics simulations. Notably, molecules 2b and 2d exhibited high affinity for HSP60 protein, highlighting their potential efficacy. The developed ligands were viable for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The findings provide valuable initial evidence supporting the efficacy of benzimidazole-2-ones as HSP60 inhibitors and lay the foundation for subsequent studies, including in-vitro assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meeniga Indira
- Department of Chemistry, Yogi Vemana University, Vemana Puram, Ganganapalle, Kadapa, 516005, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - E C Surendranath Reddy
- Department of Biotechnology, Yogi Vemana University, Vemana Puram, Ganganapalle, Kadapa, 516005, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | | | - Vyshnava Satyanarayana Swamy
- Denisco Chemicals Pvt Ltd, D-24 Phase-1, Jeedimetla, Hyderabad, 500855, Telangana, India; Department of Biotechnology, University College of Sciences, Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Anantapuramu, 515003, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Raghava Reddy Kakarla
- School Chemical Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.
| | | | - Pankaj Attiri
- Center of Plasma Nano-interface Engineering, Kyushu University, West Building 2, 744, Motooka, Nishi-ku, 819-0395, Fukuoka, Japan
| | | | - Tejraj M Aminabhavi
- Center for Energy and Environment, School of Advanced Sciences, KLE Technological University, Hubballi, 580 031, India; School of Engineering, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies (UPES), Dehradun, Uttarakhand, 248 007, India; Korea University, Seoul, South Korea.
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2
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Tilikj N, de la Fuente M, González ABM, Martínez-Guitarte JL, Novo M. Surviving in a multistressor world: Gene expression changes in earthworms exposed to heat, desiccation, and chemicals. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 108:104428. [PMID: 38570150 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2024.104428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
An investigation of the effects of anthropogenic stress on terrestrial ecosystems is urgently needed. In this work, we explored how exposure to heat, desiccation, and chemical stress alters the expression of genes that encode heat shock proteins (HSPs), an enzyme that responds to oxidative stress (CAT), hypoxia-related proteins (HIF1 and HYOU), and a DNA repair-related protein (PARP1) in the earthworm Eisenia fetida. Exposure to heat (31°C) for 24 h upregulated HSPs and hypoxia-related genes, suggesting possible acquired thermotolerance. Desiccation showed a similar expression profile; however, the HSP response was activated to a lesser extent. Heat and desiccation activated the small HSP at 24 h, suggesting that they may play a role in adaptation. Simultaneous exposure to endosulfan and temperature for 7 h upregulated all of the evaluated genes, implicating a coordinated response involving multiple biological processes to ensure survival and acclimation. These results highlight the relevance of multistress analysis in terrestrial invertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasha Tilikj
- Departamento de Biodiversidad, Ecología y Evolución, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, C/José Antonio Nováis 12, Madrid 28040, Spain.
| | - Mercedes de la Fuente
- Environmental Toxicology and Biology Group, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED), Avenida de Esparta, s/n, Madrid 28232, Spain
| | - Ana Belén Muñiz González
- Environmental Toxicology and Biology Group, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED), Avenida de Esparta, s/n, Madrid 28232, Spain
| | - José-Luis Martínez-Guitarte
- Environmental Toxicology and Biology Group, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED), Avenida de Esparta, s/n, Madrid 28232, Spain
| | - Marta Novo
- Departamento de Biodiversidad, Ecología y Evolución, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, C/José Antonio Nováis 12, Madrid 28040, Spain
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3
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Isaacson JR, Berg MD, Yeung W, Villén J, Brandl CJ, Moehring AJ. Impact of tRNA-induced proline-to-serine mistranslation on the transcriptome of Drosophila melanogaster. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.08.593249. [PMID: 38766246 PMCID: PMC11100759 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.08.593249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Mistranslation is the misincorporation of an amino acid into a polypeptide. Mistranslation has diverse effects on multicellular eukaryotes and is implicated in several human diseases. In Drosophila melanogaster, a serine transfer RNA (tRNA) that misincorporates serine at proline codons (P→S) affects male and female flies differently. The mechanisms behind this discrepancy are currently unknown. Here, we compare the transcriptional response of male and female flies to P→S mistranslation to identify genes and cellular processes that underlie sex-specific differences. Both males and females downregulate genes associated with various metabolic processes in response to P→S mistranslation. Males downregulate genes associated with extracellular matrix organization and response to negative stimuli such as wounding, whereas females downregulate aerobic respiration and ATP synthesis genes. Both sexes upregulate genes associated with gametogenesis, but females also upregulate cell cycle and DNA repair genes. These observed differences in the transcriptional response of male and female flies to P→S mistranslation have important implications for the sex-specific impact of mistranslation on disease and tRNA therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Matthew D. Berg
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, 98195
| | - William Yeung
- Department of Biology, Western University, N6A 5B7, London, Canada
| | - Judit Villén
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, 98195
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Kunachowicz D, Król-Kulikowska M, Raczycka W, Sleziak J, Błażejewska M, Kulbacka J. Heat Shock Proteins, a Double-Edged Sword: Significance in Cancer Progression, Chemotherapy Resistance and Novel Therapeutic Perspectives. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1500. [PMID: 38672583 PMCID: PMC11048091 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16081500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Heat shock proteins (Hsps) are involved in one of the adaptive mechanisms protecting cells against environmental and metabolic stress. Moreover, the large role of these proteins in the carcinogenesis process, as well as in chemoresistance, was noticed. This review aims to draw attention to the possibilities of using Hsps in developing new cancer therapy methods, as well as to indicate directions for future research on this topic. In order to discuss this matter, a thorough review of the latest scientific literature was carried out, taking into account the importance of selected proteins from the Hsp family, including Hsp27, Hsp40, Hsp60, Hsp70, Hsp90 and Hsp110. One of the more characteristic features of all Hsps is that they play a multifaceted role in cancer progression, which makes them an obvious target for modern anticancer therapy. Some researchers emphasize the importance of directly inhibiting the action of these proteins. In turn, others point to their possible use in the design of cancer vaccines, which would work by inducing an immune response in various types of cancer. Due to these possibilities, it is believed that the use of Hsps may contribute to the progress of oncoimmunology, and thus help in the development of modern anticancer therapies, which would be characterized by higher effectiveness and lower toxicity to the patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominika Kunachowicz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211A, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland; (D.K.); (M.K.-K.)
| | - Magdalena Król-Kulikowska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211A, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland; (D.K.); (M.K.-K.)
| | - Wiktoria Raczycka
- Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Pasteura 1, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland; (W.R.); (J.S.); (M.B.)
| | - Jakub Sleziak
- Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Pasteura 1, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland; (W.R.); (J.S.); (M.B.)
| | - Marta Błażejewska
- Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Pasteura 1, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland; (W.R.); (J.S.); (M.B.)
| | - Julita Kulbacka
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211A, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
- Department of Immunology and Bioelectrochemistry, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine Santariškių g. 5, LT-08406 Vilnius, Lithuania
- DIVE IN AI, 53-307 Wroclaw, Poland
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Keyport Kik S, Christopher D, Glauninger H, Hickernell CW, Bard JAM, Lin KM, Squires AH, Ford M, Sosnick TR, Drummond DA. An adaptive biomolecular condensation response is conserved across environmentally divergent species. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3127. [PMID: 38605014 PMCID: PMC11009240 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47355-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Cells must sense and respond to sudden maladaptive environmental changes-stresses-to survive and thrive. Across eukaryotes, stresses such as heat shock trigger conserved responses: growth arrest, a specific transcriptional response, and biomolecular condensation of protein and mRNA into structures known as stress granules under severe stress. The composition, formation mechanism, adaptive significance, and even evolutionary conservation of these condensed structures remain enigmatic. Here we provide a remarkable view into stress-triggered condensation, its evolutionary conservation and tuning, and its integration into other well-studied aspects of the stress response. Using three morphologically near-identical budding yeast species adapted to different thermal environments and diverged by up to 100 million years, we show that proteome-scale biomolecular condensation is tuned to species-specific thermal niches, closely tracking corresponding growth and transcriptional responses. In each species, poly(A)-binding protein-a core marker of stress granules-condenses in isolation at species-specific temperatures, with conserved molecular features and conformational changes modulating condensation. From the ecological to the molecular scale, our results reveal previously unappreciated levels of evolutionary selection in the eukaryotic stress response, while establishing a rich, tractable system for further inquiry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Keyport Kik
- Committee on Genetics, Genomics, and Systems Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Dana Christopher
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Hendrik Glauninger
- Graduate Program in Biophysical Sciences, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Interdisciplinary Scientist Training Program, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Caitlin Wong Hickernell
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jared A M Bard
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Kyle M Lin
- Graduate Program in Biophysical Sciences, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Interdisciplinary Scientist Training Program, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Allison H Squires
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Tobin R Sosnick
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - D Allan Drummond
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
- Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Section of Genetic Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
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Sheppard EC, Martin CA, Armstrong C, González-Quevedo C, Illera JC, Suh A, Spurgin LG, Richardson DS. Genotype-environment associations reveal genes potentially linked to avian malaria infection in populations of an endemic island bird. Mol Ecol 2024; 33:e17329. [PMID: 38533805 DOI: 10.1111/mec.17329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Patterns of pathogen prevalence are, at least partially, the result of coevolutionary host-pathogen interactions. Thus, exploring the distribution of host genetic variation in relation to infection by a pathogen within and across populations can provide important insights into mechanisms of host defence and adaptation. Here, we use a landscape genomics approach (Bayenv) in conjunction with genome-wide data (ddRADseq) to test for associations between avian malaria (Plasmodium) prevalence and host genetic variation across 13 populations of the island endemic Berthelot's pipit (Anthus berthelotii). Considerable and consistent spatial heterogeneity in malaria prevalence was observed among populations over a period of 15 years. The prevalence of malaria infection was also strongly positively correlated with pox (Avipoxvirus) prevalence. Multiple host loci showed significant associations with malaria prevalence after controlling for genome-wide neutral genetic structure. These sites were located near to or within genes linked to metabolism, stress response, transcriptional regulation, complement activity and the inflammatory response, many previously implicated in vertebrate responses to malarial infection. Our findings identify diverse genes - not just limited to the immune system - that may be involved in host protection against malaria and suggest that spatially variable pathogen pressure may be an important evolutionary driver of genetic divergence among wild animal populations, such as Berthelot's pipit. Furthermore, our data indicate that spatio-temporal variation in multiple different pathogens (e.g. malaria and pox in this case) may have to be studied together to develop a more holistic understanding of host pathogen-mediated evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Claudia A Martin
- School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norfolk, UK
- Terrestrial Ecology Unit, Biology Department, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Claire Armstrong
- School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norfolk, UK
| | - Catalina González-Quevedo
- School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norfolk, UK
- Grupo Ecología y Evolución de Vertebrados, Instituto de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Medellin, Colombia
| | - Juan Carlos Illera
- Biodiversity Research Institute (CSIC-Oviedo, University-Principality of Asturias), University of Oviedo, Mieres, Asturias, Spain
| | - Alexander Suh
- School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norfolk, UK
- Centre for Molecular Biodiversity Research, Leibniz Institute for the Analysis of Biodiversity Change, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Organismal Biology - Systematic Biology, Evolutionary Biology Centre, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Lewis G Spurgin
- School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norfolk, UK
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Schwab M, Dezfouli AB, Khosravi M, Alkotub B, Bauer L, Birgani MJT, Multhoff G. The radiation- and chemo-sensitizing capacity of diclofenac can be predicted by a decreased lactate metabolism and stress response. Radiat Oncol 2024; 19:7. [PMID: 38229111 DOI: 10.1186/s13014-024-02399-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND An enhanced aerobic glycolysis ("Warburg effect") associated with an increase in lactic acid in the tumor microenvironment contributes to tumor aggressiveness and resistance to radiation and chemotherapy. We investigated the radiation- and chemo-sensitizing effects of the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) diclofenac in different cancer cell types. METHODS The effects of a non-lethal concentration of diclofenac was investigated on c-MYC and Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) protein expression/activity and the Heat shock Protein (HSP)/stress response in human colorectal (LS174T, LoVo), lung (A549), breast (MDA-MB-231) and pancreatic (COLO357) carcinoma cells. Radiation- and chemo-sensitization of diclofenac was determined using clonogenic cell survival assays and a murine xenograft tumor model. RESULTS A non-lethal concentration of diclofenac decreases c-MYC protein expression and LDH activity, reduces cytosolic Heat Shock Factor 1 (HSF1), Hsp70 and Hsp27 levels and membrane Hsp70 positivity in LS174T and LoVo colorectal cancer cells, but not in A549 lung carcinoma cells, MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells and COLO357 pancreatic adenocarcinoma cells. The impaired lactate metabolism and stress response in diclofenac-sensitive colorectal cancer cells was associated with a significantly increased sensitivity to radiation and 5Fluorouracil in vitro, and in a human colorectal cancer xenograft mouse model diclofenac causes radiosensitization. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that a decrease in the LDH activity and/or stress response upon diclofenac treatment predicts its radiation/chemo-sensitizing capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Schwab
- Radiation Immuno-Oncology Group, Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), TUM School of Medicine and Health, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany
| | - Ali Bashiri Dezfouli
- Radiation Immuno-Oncology Group, Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), TUM School of Medicine and Health, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany
| | - Mohammad Khosravi
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Bayan Alkotub
- Radiation Immuno-Oncology Group, Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), TUM School of Medicine and Health, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany
- Institute of Biological and Medical Imaging (IBMI), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Lisa Bauer
- Radiation Immuno-Oncology Group, Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), TUM School of Medicine and Health, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany
| | | | - Gabriele Multhoff
- Radiation Immuno-Oncology Group, Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), TUM School of Medicine and Health, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany.
- Department of Radiation Oncology, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany.
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Mao C, Mills M. Characterization of human XPD helicase activity with single-molecule magnetic tweezers. Biophys J 2024; 123:260-271. [PMID: 38111195 PMCID: PMC10808040 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2023.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
XPD helicase is a DNA-unwinding enzyme involved in DNA repair. As part of TFIIH, XPD opens a repair bubble in DNA for access by proteins in the nucleotide excision repair pathway. XPD uses the energy from ATP hydrolysis to translocate in the 5' to 3' direction on one strand of duplex DNA, displacing the opposite strand in the process. We used magnetic tweezers assays to measure the double-stranded DNA unwinding and single-stranded DNA translocation activities of human XPD in isolation. In our experimental setup, hXPD exhibited low unwinding processivity of ∼14 bp and slow unwinding rate of ∼0.3 bp/s. Measurements of the ssDNA translocation activity demonstrated that hXPD translocated on ssDNA at a similar rate as unwinding, revealing that slow rate was an intrinsic property of the hXPD translocation. Individual unwinding and translocation events were composed of pauses and runs with a distribution of lengths and rates. Analysis of these events unveiled similar mean run lengths and rates for unwinding and translocation, indicating that the unwinding behavior was a direct reflection of the translocation activity. The analysis also revealed that hXPD spent similar time stalling and unwinding/translocating. The detailed basal activity of hXPD reported here provides a baseline for future studies on how hXPD activity is regulated by other TFIIH components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunfeng Mao
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Maria Mills
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri.
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Abstract
The amoeba parasite Entamoeba histolytica is the causative agent of human amebiasis, an enteropathic disease affecting millions of people worldwide. This ancient protozoan is an elementary example of how parasites evolve with humans, e.g. taking advantage of multiple mechanisms to evade immune responses, interacting with microbiota for nutritional and protective needs, utilizing host resources for growth, division, and encystation. These skills of E. histolytica perpetuate the species and incidence of infection. However, in 10% of infected cases, the parasite turns into a pathogen; the host-parasite equilibrium is then disorganized, and the simple lifecycle based on two cell forms, trophozoites and cysts, becomes unbalanced. Trophozoites acquire a virulent phenotype which, when non-controlled, leads to intestinal invasion with the onset of amoebiasis symptoms. Virulent E. histolytica must cross mucus, epithelium, connective tissue and possibly blood. This highly mobile parasite faces various stresses and a powerful host immune response, with oxidative stress being a challenge for its survival. New emerging research avenues and omics technologies target gene regulation to determine human or parasitic factors activated upon infection, their role in virulence activation, and in pathogenesis; this research bears in mind that E. histolytica is a resident of the complex intestinal ecosystem. The goal is to eradicate amoebiasis from the planet, but the parasitic life of E. histolytica is ancient and complex and will likely continue to evolve with humans. Advances in these topics are summarized here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy Guillén
- Cell Biology and Infection Department, Institut Pasteur and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique CNRS-ERM9195, Paris, France
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10
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Nain S, Kumar N, Avti PK. Tumor size dependent MNP dose evaluation in realistic breast tumor models for effective magnetic hyperthermia. Med Eng Phys 2023; 121:104065. [PMID: 37985024 DOI: 10.1016/j.medengphy.2023.104065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
The goal of the current investigation is to determine the breast tumor size-dependent MNP (Magnetic nano-particle) dose (mg/cm3) that can induce the required therapeutic effects during magnetic nanoparticle hyperthermia (MNH). The investigation is done through the MNH simulations on the tumor models generated from DCE_MRI DICOM images of breast cancer from TCIA ('The Cancer Imaging Archive'). Five tumor models are created from MRI data using 3D slicer software having size range of 3 cm3 to 15 cm3. The FEM-based solver (COMSOL multi-physics) is used to simulate bioheat transfer physics in all five extracted models. Single and multi-point injection strategies have been adopted to induce MNP in tumor tissues. The required MNP dose that may induce necessary therapeutic effects is evaluated by comparing the therapeutic effects produced by constant dose (CD) (5 mg/cm3) and variable reduced dose (RD) (5.5-2.8 mg/cm3) methodologies. Results show that for the requisite therapeutic effects, injected MNP doses (mg/cm3) should not remain constant as the size of the tumor increases. In fact, MNP dose (mg/cm3) should be reduced as the size of the tumor increases. Results also show that RD works better with a multi-injection strategy than a single injection of MNP. It has been found that the effective MNP dose (mg/cm3) is reduced by 50 % for the biggest tumor size (15 cm3) using multi-injection MNP delivery with respect to the smallest tumor (3 cm3) selected in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep Nain
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala 147004, India; TIET-Virginia Tech Center of Excellence in Emerging Materials, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala 147004, India
| | - Neeraj Kumar
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala 147004, India; TIET-Virginia Tech Center of Excellence in Emerging Materials, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala 147004, India.
| | - Pramod Kumar Avti
- Department of Biophysics, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh 160012, India
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Robledo-Avila LA, Phillips-Farfán BV, García-Bucio IY, Montes-Sánchez S, Herrera-Vargas MA, Contreras-Garduño J, Núñez-Anita RE, Martínez-Lendech N, Meléndez-Herrera E. Incubation in shaded hatcheries biases sex-determination but preserves Lepidochelys olivacea hatchling physiology. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 192:106244. [PMID: 37924794 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2023.106244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
Some studies have associated ex situ conservation with cerebral and gonadal developmental delay, as well as decreased motor performance in Lepidochelys olivacea offspring. Ex situ management is also related to a more mature spleen and a differential leukocyte count in newly emerged Lepidochelys olivacea hatchlings. The physiological relevance of a more mature spleen is unknown in sea turtles, but studies in birds suggest an increased immune response. Because egg relocation to hatcheries is a common conservation practice, it is imperative to know its impact on hatchling physiology. Herein, plasma activity of superoxide dismutase, alkaline phosphatase and the alternative complement pathway, as well as total antioxidant capacity and hydrogen peroxide concentrations were quantified in hatchlings from in situ and ex situ nests under basal conditions at nest emergence. Toll-like receptor 4 (tlr4), heat shock proteins (hsp) 70 and hsp90 expression were quantified in the spleen and liver of the hatchlings. Hepatocyte density and nuclear area were quantified in histological sections of the liver and all turtles were sexed by histological sectioning of the gonads. Total antioxidant capacity and hydrogen peroxide concentrations in plasma were lower in turtles from ex situ nests, while tlr4 and hsp70 mRNA expression was higher in the spleen but not in the liver. Ex situ incubation produced 98% male hatchlings, whereas in situ incubation produced 100% females. There were no other differences in the attributes sampled between hatchlings emerging from ex situ and in situ treatments. The results suggest that ex situ relocated turtles may be less prone to oxidative stress than in situ incubated hatchlings and could have more mature splenic function. Together, the data suggest that ex situ relocation to shaded hatcheries biased sex determination but preserved the general physiological condition of sea turtle hatchlings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liliana Areli Robledo-Avila
- Instituto de Investigaciones sobre Recursos Naturales, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Av. San Juanito Itzícuaro s/n, Colonia Nueva Esperanza, C.P. 58337, Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico.
| | - Bryan Víctor Phillips-Farfán
- Laboratorio de Nutrición Experimental, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Insurgentes Sur 3700, Letra C, Alcaldía Coyoacán, C.P. 04530, Cd. de México, Mexico.
| | - Irma Yunuen García-Bucio
- Instituto de Investigaciones sobre Recursos Naturales, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Av. San Juanito Itzícuaro s/n, Colonia Nueva Esperanza, C.P. 58337, Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico.
| | - Shannen Montes-Sánchez
- Instituto de Investigaciones sobre Recursos Naturales, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Av. San Juanito Itzícuaro s/n, Colonia Nueva Esperanza, C.P. 58337, Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico.
| | - Ma Antonia Herrera-Vargas
- Instituto de Investigaciones sobre Recursos Naturales, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Av. San Juanito Itzícuaro s/n, Colonia Nueva Esperanza, C.P. 58337, Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico.
| | - Jorge Contreras-Garduño
- Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores, Unidad Morelia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Antigua Carretera a Pátzcuaro 8701, Ex-Hacienda de San José de la Huerta, 58190, Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico.
| | - Rosa Elvira Núñez-Anita
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, 58130, Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico.
| | - Norma Martínez-Lendech
- Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores, Unidad Morelia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Antigua Carretera a Pátzcuaro 8701, Ex-Hacienda de San José de la Huerta, 58190, Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico.
| | - Esperanza Meléndez-Herrera
- Instituto de Investigaciones sobre Recursos Naturales, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Av. San Juanito Itzícuaro s/n, Colonia Nueva Esperanza, C.P. 58337, Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico.
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12
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Kim M, Jang HJ, Baek SY, Choi KJ, Han DH, Sung JS. Regulation of base excision repair during adipogenesis and osteogenesis of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Sci Rep 2023; 13:16384. [PMID: 37773206 PMCID: PMC10542337 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-43737-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone marrow-derived human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) can differentiate into various lineages, such as chondrocytes, adipocytes, osteoblasts, and neuronal lineages. It has been shown that the high-efficiency DNA-repair capacity of hMSCs is decreased during their differentiation. However, the underlying its mechanism during adipogenesis and osteogenesis is unknown. Herein, we investigated how alkyl-damage repair is modulated during adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation, especially focusing on the base excision repair (BER) pathway. Response to an alkylation agent was assessed via quantification of the double-strand break (DSB) foci and activities of BER-related enzymes during differentiation in hMSCs. Adipocytes showed high resistance against methyl methanesulfonate (MMS)-induced alkyl damage, whereas osteoblasts were more sensitive than hMSCs. During the differentiation, activities, and protein levels of uracil-DNA glycosylase were found to be regulated. In addition, ligation-related proteins, such as X-ray repair cross-complementing protein 1 (XRCC1) and DNA polymerase β, were upregulated in adipocytes, whereas their levels and recruitment declined during osteogenesis. These modulations of BER enzyme activity during differentiation influenced DNA repair efficiency and the accumulation of DSBs as repair intermediates in the nucleus. Taken together, we suggest that BER enzymatic activity is regulated in adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation and these alterations in the BER pathway led to different responses to alkyl damage from those in hMSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Kim
- Department of Life Science, Dongguk University-Seoul, Biomedi Campus, 32 Dongguk-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang, Gyeonggi-do, 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Jin Jang
- Department of Life Science, Dongguk University-Seoul, Biomedi Campus, 32 Dongguk-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang, Gyeonggi-do, 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Song-Yi Baek
- Department of Life Science, Dongguk University-Seoul, Biomedi Campus, 32 Dongguk-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang, Gyeonggi-do, 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Jin Choi
- Department of Life Science, Dongguk University-Seoul, Biomedi Campus, 32 Dongguk-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang, Gyeonggi-do, 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Hee Han
- Department of Life Science, Dongguk University-Seoul, Biomedi Campus, 32 Dongguk-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang, Gyeonggi-do, 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Suk Sung
- Department of Life Science, Dongguk University-Seoul, Biomedi Campus, 32 Dongguk-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang, Gyeonggi-do, 10326, Republic of Korea.
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13
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Storey JM, Storey KB. Chaperone proteins: universal roles in surviving environmental stress. Cell Stress Chaperones 2023; 28:455-466. [PMID: 36441380 PMCID: PMC10469148 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-022-01312-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Chaperone proteins have crucial roles to play in all animal species and are involved in mediating both the folding of newly synthesized peptides into their mature conformation, the refolding of misfolded proteins, and the trafficking of proteins between subcellular compartments. These highly conserved proteins have particularly important roles to play in dealing with disruptions of the proteome as a result of environmental stress since abiotic factors, including temperature, pressure, oxygen, water availability, and pollutants can readily disrupt the conformation and/or function of all types of proteins, e.g., enzymes, transporters, and structural proteins. The current review provides an update on recent advances in understanding the roles and responses of chaperones in aiding animals to deal with environmental stress, offering new information on chaperone action in supporting survival strategies including torpor, hibernation, anaerobiosis, estivation, and cold/freeze tolerance among both vertebrate and invertebrate species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janet M Storey
- Department of Biology, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, ON, K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - Kenneth B Storey
- Department of Biology, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, ON, K1S 5B6, Canada.
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14
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Kik SK, Christopher D, Glauninger H, Hickernell CW, Bard JAM, Ford M, Sosnick TR, Drummond DA. An adaptive biomolecular condensation response is conserved across environmentally divergent species. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.07.28.551061. [PMID: 37546789 PMCID: PMC10402146 DOI: 10.1101/2023.07.28.551061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Cells must sense and respond to sudden maladaptive environmental changes-stresses-to survive and thrive. Across eukaryotes, stresses such as heat shock trigger conserved responses: growth arrest, a specific transcriptional response, and biomolecular condensation of protein and mRNA into structures known as stress granules under severe stress. The composition, formation mechanism, adaptive significance, and even evolutionary conservation of these condensed structures remain enigmatic. Here we provide an unprecedented view into stress-triggered condensation, its evolutionary conservation and tuning, and its integration into other well-studied aspects of the stress response. Using three morphologically near-identical budding yeast species adapted to different thermal environments and diverged by up to 100 million years, we show that proteome-scale biomolecular condensation is tuned to species-specific thermal niches, closely tracking corresponding growth and transcriptional responses. In each species, poly(A)-binding protein-a core marker of stress granules-condenses in isolation at species-specific temperatures, with conserved molecular features and conformational changes modulating condensation. From the ecological to the molecular scale, our results reveal previously unappreciated levels of evolutionary selection in the eukaryotic stress response, while establishing a rich, tractable system for further inquiry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Keyport Kik
- Committee on Genetics, Genomics, and Systems Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Dana Christopher
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Hendrik Glauninger
- Graduate Program in Biophysical Sciences, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | | | - Jared A. M. Bard
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | | | - Tobin R. Sosnick
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
- Graduate Program in Biophysical Sciences, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - D. Allan Drummond
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
- Department of Medicine, Section of Genetic Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
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15
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Arena A, Di Crosta M, Gonnella R, Zarrella R, Romeo MA, Benedetti R, Gilardini Montani MS, Santarelli R, D'Orazi G, Cirone M. NFE2L2 and STAT3 Converge on Common Targets to Promote Survival of Primary Lymphoma Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11598. [PMID: 37511362 PMCID: PMC10380615 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
NFE2L2 and STAT3 are key pro-survival molecules, and thus, their targeting may represent a promising anti-cancer strategy. In this study, we found that a positive feedback loop occurred between them and provided evidence that their concomitant inhibition efficiently impaired the survival of PEL cells, a rare, aggressive B cell lymphoma associated with the gammaherpesvirus KSHV and often also EBV. At the molecular level, we found that NFE2L2 and STAT3 converged in the regulation of several pro-survival molecules and in the activation of processes essential for the adaption of lymphoma cells to stress. Among those, STAT3 and NFE2L2 promoted the activation of pathways such as MAPK3/1 and MTOR that positively regulate protein synthesis, sustained the antioxidant response, expression of molecules such as MYC, BIRC5, CCND1, and HSP, and allowed DDR execution. The findings of this study suggest that the concomitant inhibition of NFE2L2 and STAT3 may be considered a therapeutic option for the treatment of this lymphoma that poorly responds to chemotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Arena
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Michele Di Crosta
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Roberta Gonnella
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Roberta Zarrella
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Anele Romeo
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Rossella Benedetti
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | | | - Roberta Santarelli
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Gabriella D'Orazi
- Department of Neurosciences, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University "G. D'Annunzio", 66013 Chieti, Italy
| | - Mara Cirone
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
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16
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Fenibo EO, Selvarajan R, Abia ALK, Matambo T. Medium-chain alkane biodegradation and its link to some unifying attributes of alkB genes diversity. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 877:162951. [PMID: 36948313 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Hydrocarbon footprints in the environment, via biosynthesis, natural seepage, anthropogenic activities and accidents, affect the ecosystem and induce a shift in the healthy biogeochemical equilibrium that drives needed ecological services. In addition, these imbalances cause human diseases and reduce animal and microorganism diversity. Microbial bioremediation, which capitalizes on functional genes, is a sustainable mitigation option for cleaning hydrocarbon-impacted environments. This review focuses on the bacterial alkB functional gene, which codes for a non-heme di‑iron monooxygenase (AlkB) with a di‑iron active site that catalyzes C8-C16 medium-chain alkane metabolism. These enzymes are ubiquitous and share common attributes such as being controlled by global transcriptional regulators, being a component of most super hydrocarbon degraders, and their distributions linked to horizontal gene transfer (HGT) events. The phylogenetic approach used in the HGT detection suggests that AlkB tree topology clusters bacteria functionally and that a preferential gradient dictates gene distribution. The alkB gene also acts as a biomarker for bioremediation, although it is found in pristine environments and absent in some hydrocarbon degraders. For instance, a quantitative molecular method has failed to link alkB copy number to contamination concentration levels. This limitation may be due to AlkB homologues, which have other functions besides n-alkane assimilation. Thus, this review, which focuses on Pseudomonas putida GPo1 alkB, shows that AlkB proteins are diverse but have some unifying trends around hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria; it is erroneous to rely on alkB detection alone as a monitoring parameter for hydrocarbon degradation, alkB gene distribution are preferentially distributed among bacteria, and the plausible explanation for AlkB affiliation to broad-spectrum metabolism of hydrocarbons in super-degraders hitherto reported. Overall, this review provides a broad perspective of the ecology of alkB-carrying bacteria and their directed biodegradation pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Oliver Fenibo
- World Bank Africa Centre of Excellence, Centre for Oilfield Chemical Research, University of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt 500272, Nigeria
| | - Ramganesh Selvarajan
- Laboratory of Extraterrestrial Ocean Systems (LEOS), Institute of Deep-Sea Science and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sanya, China; Department of Environmental Science, University of South Africa, Florida Campus, 1710, South Africa
| | - Akebe Luther King Abia
- Department of Environmental Science, University of South Africa, Florida Campus, 1710, South Africa; Environmental Research Foundation, Westville 3630, South Africa
| | - Tonderayi Matambo
- Institute for the Development of Energy for African Sustainability, University of South Africa, Roodepoort 1709, South Africa.
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17
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Paul GV, Sihite AC, Hsu T. Susceptibility of DNA damage recognition activities linked to nucleotide excision and mismatch repair in zebrafish (Danio rerio) early and mid-early embryos to 2.5 to 4.5 °C heat stress. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2023; 49:515-527. [PMID: 37133645 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-023-01198-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Fish at early life stages are sensitive to temperature change because of their narrower temperature tolerance ranges. Initiated by damage detection, DNA mismatch repair (MMR) and nucleotide excision repair (NER) maintain genome integrity respectively by eliminating mismatched nucleotides and helix-distorting DNA lesions. As discharge of heated effluent from power plants may elevate water temperatures to only 2 to 6 °C higher than ambient, this study explored if temperatures within this range affected MMR and NER-linked damage detection activities in fish embryos using zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryo as a model organism. Exposure of early embryos at 10 h post fertilization (hpf) to a warmer temperature at + 4.5 °C for 30 min enhanced damage recognition activities targeting UV-induced cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPDs) and (6-4) photoproducts (6-4PPs) that distorted helical structures. Conversely, photolesions sensing activities were inhibited in 24 hpf mid-early embryos under the same stress conditions. A much higher temperature at + 8.5 °C imposed similar effects on UV damage detection. A mild heat stress at + 2.5 °C for 30 min, however, repressed both CPD and 6-4PP binding activities in 10 and 24 hpf embryos. Inhibition of damage recognition under mild heat stress impeded the overall NER capacity evidenced by a transcription-based repair assay. Warmer water temperatures at + 2.5 and + 4.5 °C also inhibited G-T mismatch binding activities in 10 and 24 hpf embryos, but G-T recognition was more sensitive to + 4.5 °C stress. Inhibition of G-T binding partially correlated with a downregulation of Sp1 transcription factor activity. Our results showed the potential of water temperature elevation within 2 to 4.5 °C to disturb DNA damage repair in fish at embryonic stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganjai Vikram Paul
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology and Center of Excellence for the Oceans, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, 202301, Taiwan
| | - Agatha Cecilia Sihite
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology and Center of Excellence for the Oceans, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, 202301, Taiwan
| | - Todd Hsu
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology and Center of Excellence for the Oceans, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, 202301, Taiwan.
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18
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Kinger S, Dubey AR, Kumar P, Jagtap YA, Choudhary A, Kumar A, Prajapati VK, Dhiman R, Mishra A. Molecular Chaperones' Potential against Defective Proteostasis of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Cells 2023; 12:cells12091302. [PMID: 37174703 PMCID: PMC10177248 DOI: 10.3390/cells12091302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neuronal degenerative condition identified via a build-up of mutant aberrantly folded proteins. The native folding of polypeptides is mediated by molecular chaperones, preventing their pathogenic aggregation. The mutant protein expression in ALS is linked with the entrapment and depletion of chaperone capacity. The lack of a thorough understanding of chaperones' involvement in ALS pathogenesis presents a significant challenge in its treatment. Here, we review how the accumulation of the ALS-linked mutant FUS, TDP-43, SOD1, and C9orf72 proteins damage cellular homeostasis mechanisms leading to neuronal loss. Further, we discuss how the HSP70 and DNAJ family co-chaperones can act as potential targets for reducing misfolded protein accumulation in ALS. Moreover, small HSPB1 and HSPB8 chaperones can facilitate neuroprotection and prevent stress-associated misfolded protein apoptosis. Designing therapeutic strategies by pharmacologically enhancing cellular chaperone capacity to reduce mutant protein proteotoxic effects on ALS pathomechanisms can be a considerable advancement. Chaperones, apart from directly interacting with misfolded proteins for protein quality control, can also filter their toxicity by initiating strong stress-response pathways, modulating transcriptional expression profiles, and promoting anti-apoptotic functions. Overall, these properties of chaperones make them an attractive target for gaining fundamental insights into misfolded protein disorders and designing more effective therapies against ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumit Kinger
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Unit, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Jodhpur 342037, India
| | - Ankur Rakesh Dubey
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Unit, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Jodhpur 342037, India
| | - Prashant Kumar
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Unit, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Jodhpur 342037, India
| | - Yuvraj Anandrao Jagtap
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Unit, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Jodhpur 342037, India
| | - Akash Choudhary
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Unit, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Jodhpur 342037, India
| | - Amit Kumar
- Discipline of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Simrol, Indore 453552, India
| | - Vijay Kumar Prajapati
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer 305817, India
| | - Rohan Dhiman
- Laboratory of Mycobacterial Immunology, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela 769008, India
| | - Amit Mishra
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Unit, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Jodhpur 342037, India
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19
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Lamri M, Della Malva A, Djenane D, López-Pedrouso M, Franco D, Albenzio M, Lorenzo JM, Gagaoua M. Towards the discovery of goat meat quality biomarkers using label-free proteomics. J Proteomics 2023; 278:104868. [PMID: 36871648 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2023.104868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to identify for the first time protein biomarkers of meat quality traits from Longissimus thoracis (LT) muscle of goats (Capra hircus). Male goats of similar age and weight reared under extensive rearing conditions were used to relate the LT muscle proteome with multiple meat quality traits. The early post-mortem muscle proteome analyzed using label-free proteomics was compared among three texture clusters built using hierarchical clustering analysis. Twenty-five proteins were differentially abundant and their mining using bioinformatics revealed three major biological pathways to be involved: 10 muscle structure proteins (MYL1, MYL4, MYLPF, MYL6B, MYH1, MYH2, ACTA1, ACTBL2, FHL1 and MYOZ1); 6 energy metabolism proteins (ALDOA, PGAM2, ATP5F1A, GAPDH, PGM1 and ATP5IF1), and two heat shock proteins: HSPB1 (small) and HSPA8 (large). Seven other miscellaneous proteins belonging to pathways such as regulation, proteolysis, apoptosis, transport and binding, tRNA processing or calmodulin-binding were further identified to play a role in the variability of goat meat quality. The differentially abundant proteins were correlated with the goat meat quality traits in addition to multivariate regression models built to propose the first regression equations of each quality trait. This study is the first to highlight in a multi-trait quality comparison the early post-mortem changes in the goat LT muscle proteome. It also evidenced the mechanisms underpinning the development of several quality traits of interest in goat meat production along the major biochemical pathways at interplay. SIGNIFICANCE: The discovery of protein biomarkers in the field of meat research is an emerging topic. In the case of goat meat quality, very few studies using proteomics have been conducted with the aim of proposing biomarkers. Therefore, this study is the first to quest for biomarkers of goat meat quality using label-free shotgun proteomics with a focus on multiple quality traits. We identified the molecular signatures underlying goat meat texture variation, which were found to belong to muscle structure and related proteins, energy metabolism and heat shock proteins along with other proteins involved in regulation, proteolysis, apoptosis, transport and binding, tRNA processing or calmodulin-binding. We further evaluated the potential of the candidate biomarkers to explain meat quality using the differentially abundant proteins by means of correlation and regression analyses. The results allowed the explanation of the variation in multiple traits such as pH, color, water-holding capacity, drip and cook losses traits and texture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melisa Lamri
- Department of Food Science, Laboratory of Food Quality and Food Safety, Mouloud Mammeri University, P.O. Box. 17, Tizi-Ouzou 15000, Algeria
| | - Antonella Della Malva
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Natural Resources and Engineering (DAFNE), University of Foggia, Via Napoli, 71121 Foggia, Italy
| | - Djamel Djenane
- Department of Food Science, Laboratory of Food Quality and Food Safety, Mouloud Mammeri University, P.O. Box. 17, Tizi-Ouzou 15000, Algeria
| | - María López-Pedrouso
- Department of Zoology, Genetics and Physical Anthropology, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15872 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Daniel Franco
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Marzia Albenzio
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Natural Resources and Engineering (DAFNE), University of Foggia, Via Napoli, 71121 Foggia, Italy
| | - José M Lorenzo
- Centro Tecnológico de la Carne de Galicia, Rúa Galicia N° 4, Parque Tecnológico de Galicia, 32900 San Cibrao das Vinas, Spain; Facultade de Ciencias, Área de Tecnoloxía dos Alimentos, Universidade de Vigo, 32004 Ourense, Spain
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20
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Arena A, Romeo MA, Benedetti R, Gilardini Montani MS, Santarelli R, Gonnella R, D'Orazi G, Cirone M. NRF2 and STAT3: friends or foes in carcinogenesis? Discov Oncol 2023; 14:37. [PMID: 37000324 PMCID: PMC10064365 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-023-00644-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023] Open
Abstract
NRF2 is a transcription factor that plays a pivotal role in carcinogenesis, also through the interaction with several pro-survival pathways. NRF2 controls the transcription of detoxification enzymes and a variety of other molecules impinging in several key biological processes. This perspective will focus on the complex interplay of NRF2 with STAT3, another transcription factor often aberrantly activated in cancer and driving tumorigenesis as well as immune suppression. Both NRF2 and STAT3 can be regulated by ER stress/UPR activation and their cross-talk influences and is influenced by autophagy and cytokines, contributing to shape the microenvironment, and both control the execution of DDR, also by regulating the expression of HSPs. Given the importance of these transcription factors, more investigations aimed at better elucidating the outcome of their networking could help to discover new and more efficacious strategies to fight cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Arena
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Anele Romeo
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Rossella Benedetti
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Roberta Santarelli
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberta Gonnella
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Gabriella D'Orazi
- Department of Neurosciences, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University "G. D'Annunzio", 66013, Chieti, Italy
- School of Medicine, UniCamillus International University, 00131, Rome, Italy
| | - Mara Cirone
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161, Rome, Italy.
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21
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Quan J, Li X, Li Z, Wu M, Zhu B, Hong SB, Shi J, Zhu Z, Xu L, Zang Y. Transcriptomic Analysis of Heat Stress Response in Brassica rapa L. ssp. pekinensis with Improved Thermotolerance through Exogenous Glycine Betaine. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076429. [PMID: 37047402 PMCID: PMC10094913 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa L. ssp. pekinensis) is sensitive to high temperature, which will cause the B. rapa to remain in a semi-dormancy state. Foliar spray of GB prior to heat stress was proven to enhance B. rapa thermotolerance. In order to understand the molecular mechanisms of GB-primed resistance or adaptation towards heat stress, we investigated the transcriptomes of GB-primed and non-primed heat-sensitive B. rapa ‘Beijing No. 3’ variety by RNA-Seq analysis. A total of 582 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified from GB-primed plants exposed to heat stress relative to non-primed plants under heat stress and were assigned to 350 gene ontology (GO) pathways and 69 KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) pathways. The analysis of the KEGG enrichment pathways revealed that the most abundantly up-regulated pathways were protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum (14 genes), followed by plant hormone signal transduction (12 genes), ribosome (8 genes), MAPK signaling pathway (8 genes), homologous recombination (7 genes), nucleotide excision repair metabolism (5 genes), glutathione metabolism (4 genes), and ascorbate and aldarate metabolism (4 genes). The most abundantly down-regulated pathways were plant-pathogen interaction (14 genes), followed by phenylpropanoid biosynthesis (7 genes); arginine and proline metabolism (6 genes); cutin, suberine, and wax biosynthesis (4 genes); and tryptophan metabolism (4 genes). Several calcium sensing/transducing proteins, as well as transcription factors associated with abscisic acid (ABA), salicylic acid (SA), auxin, and cytokinin hormones were either up- or down-regulated in GB-primed B. rapa plants under heat stress. In particular, expression of the genes for antioxidant defense, heat shock response, and DNA damage repair systems were highly increased by GB priming. On the other hand, many of the genes involved in the calcium sensors and cell surface receptors involved in plant innate immunity and the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites were down-regulated in the absence of pathogen elicitors in GB-primed B. rapa seedlings. Overall GB priming activated ABA and SA signaling pathways but deactivated auxin and cytokinin signaling pathways while suppressing the innate immunity in B. rapa seedlings exposed to heat stress. The present study provides a preliminary understanding of the thermotolerance mechanisms in GB-primed plants and is of great importance in developing thermotolerant B. rapa cultivars by using the identified DEGs through genetic modification.
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22
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Richardson RB, Mailloux RJ. Mitochondria Need Their Sleep: Redox, Bioenergetics, and Temperature Regulation of Circadian Rhythms and the Role of Cysteine-Mediated Redox Signaling, Uncoupling Proteins, and Substrate Cycles. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12030674. [PMID: 36978924 PMCID: PMC10045244 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12030674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Although circadian biorhythms of mitochondria and cells are highly conserved and crucial for the well-being of complex animals, there is a paucity of studies on the reciprocal interactions between oxidative stress, redox modifications, metabolism, thermoregulation, and other major oscillatory physiological processes. To address this limitation, we hypothesize that circadian/ultradian interaction of the redoxome, bioenergetics, and temperature signaling strongly determine the differential activities of the sleep–wake cycling of mammalians and birds. Posttranslational modifications of proteins by reversible cysteine oxoforms, S-glutathionylation and S-nitrosylation are shown to play a major role in regulating mitochondrial reactive oxygen species production, protein activity, respiration, and metabolomics. Nuclear DNA repair and cellular protein synthesis are maximized during the wake phase, whereas the redoxome is restored and mitochondrial remodeling is maximized during sleep. Hence, our analysis reveals that wakefulness is more protective and restorative to the nucleus (nucleorestorative), whereas sleep is more protective and restorative to mitochondria (mitorestorative). The “redox–bioenergetics–temperature and differential mitochondrial–nuclear regulatory hypothesis” adds to the understanding of mitochondrial respiratory uncoupling, substrate cycling control and hibernation. Similarly, this hypothesis explains how the oscillatory redox–bioenergetics–temperature–regulated sleep–wake states, when perturbed by mitochondrial interactome disturbances, influence the pathogenesis of aging, cancer, spaceflight health effects, sudden infant death syndrome, and diseases of the metabolism and nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard B. Richardson
- Radiobiology and Health, Canadian Nuclear Laboratories (CNL), Chalk River, ON K0J 1J0, Canada
- McGill Medical Physics Unit, Cedars Cancer Centre—Glen Site, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
- Correspondence: or
| | - Ryan J. Mailloux
- School of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC H9X 3V9, Canada;
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23
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Zheng X, Chang S, Liu Y, Dai X, You C. Human Mitochondrial Protein HSPD1 Binds to and Regulates the Repair of Deoxyinosine in DNA. J Proteome Res 2023; 22:1339-1346. [PMID: 36852893 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.2c00854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
The generation of deoxyinosine (dI) in DNA is one of the most important sources of genetic mutations, which may lead to cancer and other human diseases. A further understanding of the biological consequences of dI necessitates the identification and functional characterizations of dI-binding proteins. Herein, we employed a mass spectrometry-based proteomics approach to detect the cellular proteins that may sense the presence of dI in DNA. Our results demonstrated that human mitochondrial heat shock protein 60 (HSPD1) can interact with dI-bearing DNA. We further demonstrated the involvement of HSPD1 in the sodium nitrite-induced DNA damage response and in the modulation of dI levels in vitro and in human cells. Together, these findings revealed HSPD1 as a novel dI-binding protein that may play an important role in the mitochondrial DNA damage control in human cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofang Zheng
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecular Chemical Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China
| | - Sijia Chang
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecular Chemical Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China
| | - Yini Liu
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecular Chemical Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China
| | - Xiaoxia Dai
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecular Chemical Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China
| | - Changjun You
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecular Chemical Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China
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24
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Gonnella R, Arena A, Zarrella R, Gilardini Montani MS, Santarelli R, Cirone M. HSPs/STAT3 Interplay Sustains DDR and Promotes Cytokine Release by Primary Effusion Lymphoma Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043933. [PMID: 36835344 PMCID: PMC9959463 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) is a rare and aggressive B-cell lymphoma, against which current therapies usually fail. In the present study, we show that targeting HSPs, such as HSP27, HSP70 and HSP90, could be an efficient strategy to reduce PEL cell survival, as it induces strong DNA damage, which correlated with an impairment of DDR. Moreover, as HSP27, HSP70 and HSP90 cross talk with STAT3, their inhibition results in STAT3 de-phosphorylation and. On the other hand, the inhibition of STAT3 may downregulate these HSPs. These findings suggest that targeting HSPs has important implications in cancer therapy, as it can reduce the release of cytokines by PEL cells, which, besides affecting their own survival, could negatively influence anti-cancer immune response.
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25
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Heat-Shock Proteins in Leukemia and Lymphoma: Multitargets for Innovative Therapeutic Approaches. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15030984. [PMID: 36765939 PMCID: PMC9913431 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15030984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Heat-shock proteins (HSPs) are powerful chaperones that provide support for cellular functions under stress conditions but also for the homeostasis of basic cellular machinery. All cancer cells strongly rely on HSPs, as they must continuously adapt to internal but also microenvironmental stresses to survive. In solid tumors, HSPs have been described as helping to correct the folding of misfolded proteins, sustain oncogenic pathways, and prevent apoptosis. Leukemias and lymphomas also overexpress HSPs, which are frequently associated with resistance to therapy. HSPs have therefore been proposed as new therapeutic targets. Given the specific biology of hematological malignancies, it is essential to revise their role in this field, providing a more adaptable and comprehensive picture that would help design future clinical trials. To that end, this review will describe the different pathways and functions regulated by HSP27, HSP70, HSP90, and, not least, HSP110 in leukemias and lymphomas.
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26
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Heat Shock Protein Family A Member 1 Promotes Intracellular Amplification of Hepatitis B Virus Covalently Closed Circular DNA. J Virol 2023; 97:e0126122. [PMID: 36519896 PMCID: PMC9888207 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01261-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) contains a partially double-stranded relaxed circular DNA (rcDNA) genome that is converted into a covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) in the nucleus of the infected hepatocyte by cellular DNA repair machinery. cccDNA associates with nucleosomes to form a minichromosome that transcribes RNA to support the expression of viral proteins and reverse transcriptional replication of viral DNA. In addition to the de novo synthesis from incoming virion rcDNA, cccDNA can also be synthesized from rcDNA in the progeny nucleocapsids within the cytoplasm of infected hepatocytes via the intracellular amplification pathway. In our efforts to identify cellular DNA repair proteins required for cccDNA synthesis using a chemogenetic screen, we found that B02, a small-molecule inhibitor of DNA homologous recombination repair protein RAD51, significantly enhanced the synthesis of cccDNA via the intracellular amplification pathway in human hepatoma cells. Ironically, neither small interfering RNA (siRNA) knockdown of RAD51 expression nor treatment with another structurally distinct RAD51 inhibitor or activator altered cccDNA amplification. Instead, it was found that B02 treatment significantly elevated the levels of multiple heat shock protein mRNA, and siRNA knockdown of HSPA1 expression or treatment with HSPA1 inhibitors significantly attenuated B02 enhancement of cccDNA amplification. Moreover, B02-enhanced cccDNA amplification was efficiently inhibited by compounds that selectively inhibit DNA polymerase α or topoisomerase II, the enzymes required for cccDNA intracellular amplification. Our results thus indicate that B02 treatment induces a heat shock protein-mediated cellular response that positively regulates the conversion of rcDNA into cccDNA via the authentic intracellular amplification pathway. IMPORTANCE Elimination or functional inactivation of cccDNA minichromosomes in HBV-infected hepatocytes is essential for the cure of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. However, lack of knowledge of the molecular mechanisms of cccDNA metabolism and regulation hampers the development of antiviral drugs to achieve this therapeutic goal. Our findings reported here imply that enhanced cccDNA amplification may occur under selected pathobiological conditions, such as cellular stress, to subvert the dilution or elimination of cccDNA and maintain the persistence of HBV infection. Therapeutic inhibition of HSPA1-enhanced cccDNA amplification under these pathobiological conditions should facilitate the elimination of cccDNA and cure of chronic hepatitis B.
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27
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Patel SK, Sahu SR, Utkalaja BG, Bose S, Acharya N. Pol32, an accessory subunit of DNA polymerase delta, plays an essential role in genome stability and pathogenesis of Candida albicans. Gut Microbes 2023; 15:2163840. [PMID: 36601868 PMCID: PMC9828637 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2022.2163840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Candida albicans is a pathobiont that inflicts serious bloodstream fungal infections in individuals with compromised immunity and gut dysbiosis. Genomic diversity in the form of copy number alteration, ploidy variation, and loss of heterozygosity as an adaptive mechanism to adverse environments is frequently observed in C. albicans. Such genomic variations also confer a varied degree of fungal virulence and drug resistance, yet the factors propelling these are not completely understood. DNA polymerase delta (Polδ) is an essential replicative DNA polymerase in the eukaryotic cell and is yet to be characterized in C. albicans. Therefore, this study was designed to gain insights into the role of Polδ, especially its non-essential subunit Pol32, in the genome plasticity and life cycle of C. albicans. PCNA, the DNA clamp, recruits Polδ to the replication fork for processive DNA replication. Unlike in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the PCNA interaction protein (PIP) motif of CaPol32 is critical for Polδ's activity during DNA replication. Our comparative genetic analyses and whole-genome sequencing of POL32 proficient and deficient C. albicans cells revealed a critical role of Pol32 in DNA replication, cell cycle progression, and genome stability as SNPs, indels, and repeat variations were largely accumulated in pol32 null strain. The loss of pol32 in C. albicans conferred cell wall deformity; Hsp90 mediated azoles resistance, biofilm development, and a complete attenuation of virulence in an animal model of systemic candidiasis. Thus, although Pol32 is dispensable for cell survival, its function is essential for C. albicans pathogenesis; and we discuss its translational implications in antifungal drugs and whole-cell vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shraddheya Kumar Patel
- Laboratory of Genomic Instability and Diseases, Department of Infectious Disease Biology, Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India,Regional center of Biotechnology, Faridabad, India
| | - Satya Ranjan Sahu
- Laboratory of Genomic Instability and Diseases, Department of Infectious Disease Biology, Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India,Regional center of Biotechnology, Faridabad, India
| | - Bhabasha Gyanadeep Utkalaja
- Laboratory of Genomic Instability and Diseases, Department of Infectious Disease Biology, Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India,Regional center of Biotechnology, Faridabad, India
| | - Swagata Bose
- Laboratory of Genomic Instability and Diseases, Department of Infectious Disease Biology, Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India,School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Narottam Acharya
- Laboratory of Genomic Instability and Diseases, Department of Infectious Disease Biology, Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India,CONTACT Narottam Acharya ; Laboratory of Genomic Instability and Diseases, Department of Infectious Disease Biology, Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar751023, India
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28
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NRF2 in Cancer: Cross-Talk with Oncogenic Pathways and Involvement in Gammaherpesvirus-Driven Carcinogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010595. [PMID: 36614036 PMCID: PMC9820659 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Expanding knowledge of the molecular mechanisms at the basis of tumor development, especially the cross-talk between oncogenic pathways, will possibly lead to better tailoring of anticancer therapies. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) plays a central role in cancer progression, not only because of its antioxidant activity but also because it establishes cross-talk with several oncogenic pathways, including Heat Shock Factor1 (HSF1), mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), and mutant (mut) p53. Moreover, the involvement of NRF2 in gammaherpesvirus-driven carcinogenesis is particularly interesting. These viruses indeed hijack the NRF2 pathway to sustain the survival of tumor cells in which they establish a latent infection and to avoid a too-high increase of reactive oxygen species (ROS) when these cancer cells undergo treatments that induce viral replication. Interestingly, NRF2 activation may prevent gammaherpesvirus-driven oncogenic transformation, highlighting how manipulating the NRF2 pathway in the different phases of gammaherpesvirus-mediated carcinogenesis may lead to different outcomes. This review will highlight the mechanistic interplay between NRF2 and some oncogenic pathways and its involvement in gammaherpesviruses biology to recapitulate published evidence useful for potential application in cancer therapy.
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29
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Richardson RB, Mailloux RJ. WITHDRAWN: Mitochondria need their sleep: Sleep-wake cycling and the role of redox, bioenergetics, and temperature regulation, involving cysteine-mediated redox signaling, uncoupling proteins, and substrate cycles. Free Radic Biol Med 2022:S0891-5849(22)01013-9. [PMID: 36462628 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.11.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
This article has been withdrawn at the request of the author(s) and/or editor. The Publisher apologizes for any inconvenience this may cause. The full Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at https://www.elsevier.com/about/our-business/policies/article-withdrawal
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard B Richardson
- Radiobiology and Health, Canadian Nuclear Laboratories (CNL), Chalk River Laboratories, Chalk River, Ontario, K0J 1J0, Canada; McGill Medical Physics Unit, McGill University, Cedars Cancer Centre - Glen Site, Montreal, Quebec QC, H4A 3J1, Canada.
| | - Ryan J Mailloux
- School of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec, H9X 3V9, Canada
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30
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Li Y, Huang Y, Sun H, Wang T, Ru W, Pan L, Zhao X, Dong Z, Huang W, Jin W. Heat shock protein 101 contributes to the thermotolerance of male meiosis in maize. THE PLANT CELL 2022; 34:3702-3717. [PMID: 35758611 PMCID: PMC9516056 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koac184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
High temperatures interfere with meiotic recombination and the subsequent progression of meiosis in plants, but few genes involved in meiotic thermotolerance have been characterized. Here, we characterize a maize (Zea mays) classic dominant male-sterile mutant Ms42, which has defects in pairing and synapsis of homologous chromosomes and DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair. Ms42 encodes a member of the heat shock protein family, HSP101, which accumulates in pollen mother cells. Analysis of the dominant Ms42 mutant and hsp101 null mutants reveals that HSP101 functions in RADIATION SENSITIVE 51 loading, DSB repair, and subsequent meiosis. Consistent with these functions, overexpression of Hsp101 in anthers results in robust microspores with enhanced heat tolerance. These results demonstrate that HSP101 mediates thermotolerance during microsporogenesis, shedding light on the genetic basis underlying the adaptation of male meiocytes to high temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunfei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, National Maize Improvement Center of China, Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- Center for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yumin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, National Maize Improvement Center of China, Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- Center for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Huayue Sun
- College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Tianyi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, National Maize Improvement Center of China, Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- Center for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Wei Ru
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, National Maize Improvement Center of China, Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- Center for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Lingling Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, National Maize Improvement Center of China, Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- Center for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiaoming Zhao
- Center for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhaobin Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, National Maize Improvement Center of China, Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- Center for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Author for correspondence: (W.H.), (W.J.)
| | - Weiwei Jin
- Author for correspondence: (W.H.), (W.J.)
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31
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Sottile ML, Cuello-Carrión FD, Gómez LC, Semino S, Ibarra J, García MB, Gonzalez L, Vargas-Roig LM, Nadin SB. DNA Damage Repair Proteins, HSP27, and Phosphorylated-HSP90α as Predictive/Prognostic Biomarkers of Platinum-based Cancer Chemotherapy: An Exploratory Study. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol 2022; 30:425-434. [PMID: 35639358 DOI: 10.1097/pai.0000000000001037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Platinum analogs are commonly used for cancer treatment. There is increasing interest in finding biomarkers which could predict and overcome resistance, because to date there is no reliable predictive/prognostic marker for these compounds. Here we studied the immunohistochemical expression of proteins involved in DNA damage response and repair (γH2AX, 53BP1, ERCC1, MLH1, and MSH2) in primary tumor tissues from patients treated with platinum-based chemotherapy. Levels and localization of Heat Shock Protein (HSP)27 and phospho-(Thr5/7)-HSP90α (p-HSP90α) were also determined. The implications in clinical response, disease-free survival and overall survival were analyzed. High γH2AX and 53BP1 expressions were associated with poor clinical response. Nuclear p-HSP90α, as well as nuclear absence and low cytoplasmic expression of HSP27 correlated with good response. Patients with high γH2AX and high cytoplasmic HSP27 expressions had shorter overall survival and disease-free survival. MLH1, MSH2, or ERCC1 were not associated with clinical response or survival. We report the potential utility of p-HSP90α, HSP27, γH2AX, and 53BP1 as predictive/prognostic markers for platinum-based chemotherapy. We present the first study that evaluates the predictive and prognostic value of p-HSP90α in primary tumors. Our research opens new possibilities for clinical oncology and shows the usefulness of immunohistochemistry for predicting chemotherapy response and prognosis in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayra L Sottile
- Tumor Biology Laboratory
- Medical Sciences School, Mendoza University
| | | | - Laura C Gómez
- Tumor Biology Laboratory
- Medical Sciences School, Mendoza University
| | | | - Jorge Ibarra
- Regional Integration Cancer Center, Mendoza, Argentina
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32
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Abdelnour SA, Swelum AA, Sindi RA, Barkat RA, Khalifa NE, Amin AA, El-Raghi AA, Tufarelli V, Losacco C, Abd El-Hack ME. Responses of sperm mitochondria functionality in animals to thermal stress: The mitigating effects of dietary natural antioxidants. Reprod Domest Anim 2022; 57:1101-1112. [PMID: 35754099 DOI: 10.1111/rda.14193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The reproductive consequences of global warming representing heat stress (HS) have been widely received more attention in the last decades. HS induced significant influence on the male reproductive cell, especially sperm functionally. Reduction in the sperm function induced by HS leads to failure of fertility potential. The main effects of HS on sperm are reducing sperm motility, increased abnormalities and changes in the fluidity of the membrane as well as cell morphology. Moreover, the destruction of mitochondrial function could be the result of adverse influences of HS. The protein contents and enzymes of mitochondria were lowered after the exposure of sperm to HS. Some natural antioxidants were used for improving sperm mitochondrial function under HS conditions. In this review, it was highlighted the potential influences of HS on sperm function through reduction in ATP Synthesis yield, mitochondrial activity, mitochondrial protein contents and mitochondrial enzymes, which involves the interference of mitochondrial remodelling in sperm of animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameh A Abdelnour
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Ayman A Swelum
- Department of Animal Production, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Sharkia, Egypt
| | - Ramya A Sindi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rasha A Barkat
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
| | - Norhan E Khalifa
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Fuka, Matrouh University, Matrouh, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A Amin
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ali Ali El-Raghi
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Damietta University, Damietta, Egypt
| | - Vincenzo Tufarelli
- Department of DETO, Section of Veterinary Science and Animal Production, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', Valenzano, Italy
| | - Caterina Losacco
- Department of DETO, Section of Veterinary Science and Animal Production, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', Valenzano, Italy
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33
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Experimental Investigation on the Bioprotective Role of Trehalose on Glutamine Solutions by Infrared Spectroscopy. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15124329. [PMID: 35744387 PMCID: PMC9231094 DOI: 10.3390/ma15124329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Glutamine plays a significant role in several basic metabolic processes and is an important regulator of heat shock protein response. The present work is focused on the analysis of the thermal response of aqueous solutions of Glutamine and aqueous solutions of Glutamine in the presence of Trehalose by means of infrared absorption technique. The performed study shows how in the case of a multicomponent system, characterized by a huge number of spectral contributions whose assignment are questionable, the Spectral Distance (SD) and the Cross Wavelet Correlation (XWT) approaches are able to furnish explanatory parameters that can characterize the variations in the spectra behaviour, which is an efficient tool for quantitative comparisons. With this purpose, the analysis has been performed by evaluating the SD and the XWT parameters for the whole investigated spectral range, i.e., 4000–400 cm−1, for scans collected as a function of temperature in the range 20 °C ÷ 60 °C both for Glutamine/Water compounds and for Glutamine /Water/Trehalose mixtures. By means of these analyses, it is found that in aqueous solutions of Glutamine, with respect to aqueous solutions of Glutamine in the presence of Trehalose, the SD and XWT temperature trends follow a linear behaviour where the angular coefficient for Glutamine /Water/Trehalose compounds are lower than that of the Glutamine-Water system in both cases. The obtained findings suggest that Trehalose stabilizes Glutamine against heat treatment.
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D’Orazi G, Cirone M. Interconnected Adaptive Responses: A Way Out for Cancer Cells to Avoid Cellular Demise. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14112780. [PMID: 35681760 PMCID: PMC9179898 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14112780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Different from normal cells, cancer cells must hyperactivate a variety of integrated responses in order to survive their basal stress or its exacerbation caused by exposure to anti-cancer agents. As cancer cells become particularly dependent on these adaptive responses, namely UPR, DDR autophagy, anti-oxidant and heat shock responses, this turns out to be an Achille’s heel, which allows them to be selectively killed while sparing normal unstressed cells. Better knowledge of the cross-talk between these adaptive processes and their impact on the immune system is needed to design more effective anti-cancer therapies, as reviewed in this paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella D’Orazi
- Department of Neurosciences, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University “G. D’Annunzio”, 66013 Chieti, Italy;
- Unit of Cellular Networks, Department of Research and Advanced Technologies, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Mara Cirone
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome LA Sapienza, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence:
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Application of omics approaches for assessing microplastic and nanoplastic toxicity in fish and seafood species. Trends Analyt Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2022.116674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Miano FN, Jiang T, Zhang J, Zhang WN, Peng Y, Xiao HJ. Identification and up-regulation of three small heat shock proteins in summer and winter diapause in response to temperature stress in Pieris melete. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 209:1144-1154. [PMID: 35461858 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.04.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Small heat shock proteins (sHSPs) are conserved proteins that play key roles in organismal adaptation to adversity stressors. However, little is known about sHSPs during summer diapause. Three sHSP genes: PmHSP19.5, PmHSP19.9, and PmHSP20.0 were identified and cloned from Pieris melete. Sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis revealed that the three sHSPs have a typical, conserved α-crystallin domain. PmHSP19.5 and PmHSP20.0 were both upregulated in summer diapause (SD) and winter diapause (WD), compared to non-diapause (ND) pupae. All three sHSPs were upregulated and showed similar trends in response to thermal stress. The 0 °C chilling treatment slightly affected sHSP transcripts in ND pupae, whereas both PmHSP19.5 and PmHSP19.9 were upregulated and PmHSP20.0 was downregulated after chilling at 0 °C for 24-96 h in both SD and WD pupae. The transcripts of PmHSP19.5 and PmHSP19.9 were significantly induced at 31 °C for 30 d in SD and WD pupae. The PmHSP20.0 transcript gradually decreased during the SD and WD programs. This is the first time that sHSPs have been linked to both overwintering and summer diapause processes. These findings suggest that sHSPs are involved in both summer and winter diapause maintenance and play a possible key role in temperature stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Falak Naz Miano
- Institute of Entomology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Ting Jiang
- Institute of Entomology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Institute of Entomology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Wan-Na Zhang
- Institute of Entomology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Yingchuan Peng
- Institute of Entomology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China.
| | - Hai-Jun Xiao
- Institute of Entomology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; School of Grassland Science, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
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Short-term physiologic response of the green microalga Picochlorum sp. (BPE23) to supra-optimal temperature. Sci Rep 2022; 12:3290. [PMID: 35228560 PMCID: PMC8885816 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-06954-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Photobioreactors heat up significantly during the day due to irradiation by sunlight. High temperatures affect cell physiology negatively, causing reduced growth and productivity. To elucidate the microalgal response to stressful supra-optimal temperature, we studied the physiology of Picochlorum sp. (BPE23) after increasing the growth temperature from 30 °C to 42 °C, whereas 38 °C is its optimal growth temperature. Cell growth, cell composition and mRNA expression patterns were regularly analyzed for 120 h after increasing the temperature. The supra-optimal temperature caused cell cycle arrest for 8 h, with concomitant changes in metabolic activity. Accumulation of fatty acids was observed during this period to store unspent energy which was otherwise used for growth. In addition, the microalgae changed their pigment and fatty acid composition. For example, palmitic acid (C16:0) content in the polar fatty acid fraction increased by 30%, hypothetically to reduce membrane fluidity to counteract the effect of increased temperature. After the relief of cell cycle arrest, the metabolic activity of Picochlorum sp. (BPE23) reduced significantly over time. A strong response in gene expression was observed directly after the increase in temperature, which was dampened in the remainder of the experiment. mRNA expression levels associated with pathways associated with genes acting in photosynthesis, carbon fixation, ribosome, citrate cycle, and biosynthesis of metabolites and amino acids were downregulated, whereas the proteasome, autophagy and endocytosis were upregulated.
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Baali H, Cosio C. Effects of carbamazepine in aquatic biota. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. PROCESSES & IMPACTS 2022; 24:209-220. [PMID: 35014660 DOI: 10.1039/d1em00328c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Carbamazepine (CBZ) is one of the most common pharmaceuticals found in the aquatic environment. Here, we reviewed studies in aquatic animals highlighting that CBZ affected ROS homeostasis but also the neuroendocrine system, cell viability, immunity, reproduction, feeding behavior and growth. Notably, the acetylcholinesterase activity was modified by concentrations of the order of ng L-1 CBZ. At ≥10 μg L-1, data pointed that CBZ triggered the production of ROS, modifying the activity of antioxidant enzymes and produced a significant cellular stress at concentrations ≥100 μg L-1. However, the response appeared species-, organ- and time-dependent, and was impacted by different experimental conditions and the origin of animals. In this context, this review discusses the available data and proposes future research priorities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo Baali
- Université Reims Champagne Ardenne, UMR-I 02 SEBIO, 51100 Reims, France.
| | - Claudia Cosio
- Université Reims Champagne Ardenne, UMR-I 02 SEBIO, 51100 Reims, France.
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Xu J, Wu PJ, Lai TH, Sharma P, Canella A, Welker AM, Beattie C, Timmers CD, Lang FF, Jacob NK, Elder JB, Lonser R, Easley M, Pietrzak M, Sampath D, Puduvalli VK. Disruption of DNA Repair and Survival Pathways through Heat Shock Protein inhibition by Onalespib to Sensitize Malignant Gliomas to Chemoradiation therapy. Clin Cancer Res 2022; 28:1979-1990. [PMID: 35140124 PMCID: PMC9064967 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-20-0468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Proficient DNA repair by homologous recombination (HR) facilitates resistance to chemo-radiation in glioma stem cells (GSCs). We evaluated whether compromising HR by targeting HSP90, a molecular chaperone required for the function of key HR proteins, using onalespib, a long-acting, brain-penetrant HSP90 inhibitor, would sensitize high-grade gliomas to chemo-radiation in vitro and in vivo Experimental Design: The ability of onalespib to deplete HR client proteins, impair HR repair capacity, and sensitize GBM to chemo-radiation was evaluated in vitro in GSCs, and in vivo using zebrafish and mouse intracranial glioma xenograft models. The effects of HSP90 inhibition on the transcriptome and cytoplasmic proteins was assessed in GSCs and in ex vivo organotypic human glioma slice cultures. RESULTS Treatment with onalespib depleted CHK1 and RAD51, two key proteins of the HR pathway, and attenuated HR repair, sensitizing GSCs to the combination of radiation and temozolomide (TMZ). HSP90 inhibition reprogrammed the transcriptome of GSCs and broadly altered expression of cytoplasmic proteins including known and novel client proteins relevant to GSCs. The combination of onalespib with radiation and TMZ extended survival in a zebra fish and a mouse xenograft model of GBM compared to the standard of care (radiation and TMZ) or onalespib with radiation. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study demonstrate that targeting HR by HSP90 inhibition sensitizes GSCs to radiation and chemotherapy and extends survival in zebrafish and mouse intracranial models of GBM. These results provide a preclinical rationale for assessment of HSP90 inhibitors in combination with chemoradiation in GBM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihong Xu
- Neuro-Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center
| | - Pei-Jung Wu
- Division of Neuro-oncology, The Ohio State University
| | - Tzung-Huei Lai
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, The Ohio State University
| | - Pratibha Sharma
- Department of Neuro-oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center
| | | | | | | | | | - Frederick F Lang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center
| | - Naduparambil K Jacob
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center
| | - J Bradley Elder
- Dardinger Neuro-Oncology Center, Department of Neurosurgery, The Ohio State University
| | - Russell Lonser
- Surgical Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke
| | | | | | - Deepa Sampath
- Hematopoeitic Biology and Malignancy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center
| | - Vinay K Puduvalli
- Department of Neuro-oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center
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RNA Molecular Signature Profiling in PBMCs of Sporadic ALS Patients: HSP70 Overexpression Is Associated with Nuclear SOD1. Cells 2022; 11:cells11020293. [PMID: 35053410 PMCID: PMC8774074 DOI: 10.3390/cells11020293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) is one of the causative genes associated with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a neurodegenerative disorder. SOD1 aggregation contributes to ALS pathogenesis. A fraction of the protein is localized in the nucleus (nSOD1), where it seems to be involved in the regulation of genes participating in the oxidative stress response and DNA repair. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were collected from sporadic ALS (sALS) patients (n = 18) and healthy controls (n = 12) to perform RNA-sequencing experiments and differential expression analysis. Patients were stratified into groups with “high” and “low” levels of nSOD1. We obtained different gene expression patterns for high- and low-nSOD1 patients. Differentially expressed genes in high nSOD1 form a cluster similar to controls compared to the low-nSOD1 group. The pathways activated in high-nSOD1 patients are related to the upregulation of HSP70 molecular chaperones. We demonstrated that, in this condition, the DNA damage is reduced, even under oxidative stress conditions. Our findings highlight the importance of the nuclear localization of SOD1 as a protective mechanism in sALS patients.
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Dabravolski SA, Sukhorukov VN, Kalmykov VA, Orekhov NA, Grechko AV, Orekhov AN. Heat Shock Protein 90 as Therapeutic Target for CVDs and Heart Ageing. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23020649. [PMID: 35054835 PMCID: PMC8775949 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23020649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of death globally, representing approximately 32% of all deaths worldwide. Molecular chaperones are involved in heart protection against stresses and age-mediated accumulation of toxic misfolded proteins by regulation of the protein synthesis/degradation balance and refolding of misfolded proteins, thus supporting the high metabolic demand of the heart cells. Heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) is one of the main cardioprotective chaperones, represented by cytosolic HSP90a and HSP90b, mitochondrial TRAP1 and ER-localised Grp94 isoforms. Currently, the main way to study the functional role of HSPs is the application of HSP inhibitors, which could have a different way of action. In this review, we discussed the recently investigated role of HSP90 proteins in cardioprotection, atherosclerosis, CVDs development and the involvements of HSP90 clients in the activation of different molecular pathways and signalling mechanisms, related to heart ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siarhei A. Dabravolski
- Department of Clinical Diagnostics, Vitebsk State Academy of Veterinary Medicine [UO VGAVM], 7/11 Dovatora Str., 210026 Vitebsk, Belarus
- Correspondence:
| | - Vasily N. Sukhorukov
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Pathology of Cardiovascular System, AP Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology, 3 Tsyurupy Str., 117418 Moscow, Russia; (V.N.S.); (V.A.K.)
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Russian Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Institute of Experimental Cardiology, 15-a 3-rd Cherepkovskaya Str., 121552 Moscow, Russia
| | - Vladislav A. Kalmykov
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Pathology of Cardiovascular System, AP Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology, 3 Tsyurupy Str., 117418 Moscow, Russia; (V.N.S.); (V.A.K.)
- Laboratory of Angiopathology, Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, 125315 Moscow, Russia
| | - Nikolay A. Orekhov
- Institute for Atherosclerosis Research, 4-1-207 Osennyaya Str., 121609 Moscow, Russia; (N.A.O.); (A.N.O.)
| | - Andrey V. Grechko
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Intensive Care Medicine and Rehabilitology, 14-3 Solyanka Str., 109240 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Alexander N. Orekhov
- Institute for Atherosclerosis Research, 4-1-207 Osennyaya Str., 121609 Moscow, Russia; (N.A.O.); (A.N.O.)
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Tagorti G, Kaya B. Genotoxic effect of microplastics and COVID-19: The hidden threat. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 286:131898. [PMID: 34411929 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) are ubiquitous anthropogenic contaminants, and their abundance in the entire ecosystem raises the question of how far is the impact of these MPs on the biota, humans, and the environment. Recent research has overemphasized the occurrence, characterization, and direct toxicity of MPs; however, determining and understanding their genotoxic effect is still limited. Thus, the present review addresses the genotoxic potential of these emerging contaminants in aquatic organisms and in human peripheral lymphocytes and identified the research gaps in this area. Several genotoxic endpoints were implicated, including the frequency of micronuclei (MN), nucleoplasmic bridge (NPB), nuclear buds (NBUD), DNA strand breaks, and the percentage of DNA in the tail (%Tail DNA). In addition, the mechanism of MPs-induced genotoxicity seems to be closely associated with reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, inflammatory responses, and DNA repair interference. However, the gathered information urges the need for more studies that present environmentally relevant conditions. Taken into consideration, the lifestyle changes within the COVID-19 pandemic, we discussed the impact of the pandemic on enhancing the genotoxic potential of MPs whether through increasing human exposure to MPs via inappropriate disposal and overconsumption of plastic-based products or by disrupting the defense system owing to unhealthy food and sleep deprivation as well as stress. Overall, this review provided a reference for the genotoxic effect of MPs, their mechanism of action, as well as the contribution of COVID-19 to increase the genotoxic risk of MPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghada Tagorti
- Akdeniz University, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biology, 07058-Campus, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Bülent Kaya
- Akdeniz University, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biology, 07058-Campus, Antalya, Turkey.
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Spermine-Mediated Tolerance to Selenium Toxicity in Wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) Depends on Endogenous Nitric Oxide Synthesis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10111835. [PMID: 34829706 PMCID: PMC8614684 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10111835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Excess selenium (Se) causes toxicity, and nitric oxide (NO)’s function in spermine (Spm)-induced tolerance to Se stress is unknown. Using wheat plants exposed to 1 mM sodium selenate—alone or in combination with either 1 mM Spm, 0.1 mM NO donor sodium nitroprusside (SNP) or 0.1 mM NO scavenger cPTIO—the potential beneficial effects of these compounds to palliate Se-induced stress were evaluated at physiological, biochemical and molecular levels. Se-treated plants accumulated Se in their roots (92%) and leaves (95%) more than control plants. Furthermore, Se diminished plant growth, photosynthetic traits and the relative water content and increased the levels of malondialdehyde, H2O2, osmolyte and endogenous NO. Exogenous Spm significantly decreased the levels of malondialdehyde by 28%, H2O2 by 37% and electrolyte leakage by 42%. Combined Spm/NO treatment reduced the Se content and triggered plant growth, photosynthetic traits, antioxidant enzymes and glyoxalase systems. Spm/NO also upregulated MTP1, MTPC3 and HSP70 and downregulated TaPCS1 and NRAMP1 (metal stress-related genes involved in selenium uptake, translocation and detoxification). However, the positive effects of Spm on Se-stressed plants were eliminated by the NO scavenger. Accordingly, data support the notion that Spm palliates selenium-induced oxidative stress since the induced NO elicits antioxidant defence upregulation but downregulates Se uptake and translocation. These findings pave the way for potential biotechnological approaches to supporting sustainable wheat crop production in selenium-contaminated areas.
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Yang S, Xiao H, Sun Y, Cao L. Zeylenone synergizes with cisplatin in osteosarcoma by enhancing DNA damage, apoptosis, and necrosis via the Hsp90/AKT/GSK3β and Fanconi anaemia pathway. Phytother Res 2021; 35:5899-5918. [PMID: 34585447 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
A safer and more effective combination strategy designed to enhance the efficacy and minimize the toxicity of cisplatin in osteosarcoma (OS) is urgently needed. Zeylenone (zey), a cyclohexene oxide compound, exerted an obvious inhibitory effect on several cancer cell lines and exhibited little cytotoxicity towards normal cells, enabling zey to play a unique role in combination therapy. Thus, the study aimed to determine whether the combination of zey and cisplatin produces synergistic antitumour effects on OS and to further explore molecular mechanisms. Initially, we found that zey potentiated the anti-osteosarcoma efficacy of cisplatin and exhibited synergistic interactions with cisplatin in vitro, which also were confirmed in vivo by using xenograft model. Mechanistically, zey and cisplatin synergistically induced DNA damage, cell cycle arrest, necrosis, and apoptosis in OS cells. Importantly, zey had a high binding affinity for Hsp90 and reduced the expression of Hsp90, which further induced the suppression of AKT/GSK3β signalling axis and the degradation of Fanconi anaemia (FA) pathway proteins. Thus, the Hsp90/AKT/GSK3β and FA pathway are the key to the synergism between zey and cisplatin. Overall, zey shows promise for development as a cisplatin chemosensitizer with clinical utility in restoring cisplatin sensitivity of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuxian Yang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Zhongguancun Open Laboratory of the Research and Development of Natural Medicine and Health Products, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resource Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Haiyan Xiao
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Zhongguancun Open Laboratory of the Research and Development of Natural Medicine and Health Products, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resource Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yunfang Sun
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Zhongguancun Open Laboratory of the Research and Development of Natural Medicine and Health Products, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resource Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Li Cao
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Zhongguancun Open Laboratory of the Research and Development of Natural Medicine and Health Products, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resource Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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A standardized extract of Asparagus officinalis stem improves HSP70-mediated redox balance and cell functions in bovine cumulus-granulosa cells. Sci Rep 2021; 11:18175. [PMID: 34518614 PMCID: PMC8437968 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-97632-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Heat shock (HS) protein 70 (HSP70), a well-known HS-induced protein, acts as an intracellular chaperone to protect cells against stress conditions. Although HS induces HSP70 expression to confer stress resistance to cells, HS causes cell toxicity by increasing reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. Recently, a standardized extract of Asparagus officinalis stem (EAS), produced from the byproduct of asparagus, has been shown to induce HSP70 expression without HS and regulate cellular redox balance in pheochromocytoma cells. However, the effects of EAS on reproductive cell function remain unknown. Here, we investigated the effect of EAS on HSP70 induction and oxidative redox balance in cultured bovine cumulus-granulosa (CG) cells. EAS significantly increased HSP70 expression; however, no effect was observed on HSP27 and HSP90 under non-HS conditions. EAS decreased ROS generation and DNA damage and increased glutathione (GSH) synthesis under both non-HS and HS conditions. Moreover, EAS synergistically increased HSP70 and HSF1 expression and increased progesterone levels in CG cells. Treatment with an HSP70 inhibitor significantly decreased GSH level, increased ROS level, and decreased HSF1, Nrf2, and Keap1 expression in the presence of EAS. Furthermore, EAS significantly increased progesterone synthesis. Thus, EAS improves HSP70-mediated redox balance and cell function in bovine CG cells.
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46
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Sun T, Zhan J, Li F, Ji C, Wu H. Evidence-based meta-analysis of the genotoxicity induced by microplastics in aquatic organisms at environmentally relevant concentrations. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 783:147076. [PMID: 34088154 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.147076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) attract global concern due to their ubiquitous existence in aquatic environments. However, the genotoxic effect of MPs on aquatic organisms in the natural environment remains controversial. Therefore, this meta-analysis was conducted by recompiling 44 individual studies from 12 publications to determine whether MPs could induce genotoxicity in aquatic organisms at environmentally relevant concentrations (≤1 mg/L, median = 0.5 mg/L). Multiple genotoxic endpoints were involved, including the percentage of DNA in tail (TDNA%), tail length (TL), olive tail moment (OTM), and the number of micronuclei (NM), and their increases represented the biologically adverse effects (i.e. genotoxicity). The results showed that all included endpoints tended to increase after exposure to MPs, among which TDNA%, TL and NM were significantly increased by 20%, 32% and 81% compared with the control group, respectively. The overall estimate of all endpoints in the MPs-treated groups was remarkably increased by 24%, with high statistical power and no obvious publication bias, suggesting the evident genotoxicity caused by MPs. In addition, the magnitudes of MPs-induced genotoxicity were independent of selected endpoint, MP composition, morphology, exposure concentration and duration, but closely correlated with particle size, living habitat and tested species. Overall, this work provided a reference for the health risk assessment of MPs in the natural environment, contributing to our understanding the action mode of MPs at environmentally relevant concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, YICCAS, Yantai 264003, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Junfei Zhan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, YICCAS, Yantai 264003, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Fei Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, YICCAS, Yantai 264003, PR China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Qingdao 266071, PR China
| | - Chenglong Ji
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, YICCAS, Yantai 264003, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, PR China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Qingdao 266071, PR China
| | - Huifeng Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, YICCAS, Yantai 264003, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, PR China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Qingdao 266071, PR China.
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Chen D, Zhu L, Lin X, Zhou D, Liu L. Dysregulated long noncoding RNAs in the brainstem of the DBA/1 mouse model of SUDEP. BMC Genomics 2021; 22:621. [PMID: 34404356 PMCID: PMC8369804 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-021-07921-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play an important role in many neurological diseases. This study aimed to investigate differentially expressed lncRNAs and messenger RNAs (mRNAs) in the susceptibility gaining process of primed DBA/1 mice, a sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP) model, to illustrate the potential role of lncRNAs in SUDEP. Methods The Arraystar mouse lncRNA Microarray V3.0 (Arraystar, Rockville, MD) was applied to identify the aberrantly expressed lncRNAs and mRNAs between primed DBA/1 mice and normal controls. The differences were verified by qRT-PCR. We conducted gene ontology (GO), the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway and coexpression analyses to explore the possible function of the dysregulated RNAs. Results A total of 502 lncRNAs (126 upregulated and 376 downregulated lncRNAs) and 263 mRNAs (141 upregulated and 122 downregulated mRNAs) were dysregulated with P < 0.05 and a fold change over 1.5, among which Adora3 and Gstt4 were possibly related to SUDEP. GO analysis revealed that chaperone cofactor-dependent protein refolding and misfolded protein binding were among the top ten downregulated terms, which pointed to Hspa1a, Hspa2a and their related lncRNAs. KEGG analysis identified 28 upregulated and 10 downregulated pathways. Coexpression analysis showed fifteen dysregulated long intergenic noncoding RNAs (lincRNAs) and three aberrantly expressed antisense lncRNAs, of which AK012034 and NR_040757 are potentially related to SUDEP by regulating LMNB2 and ITPR1, respectively. Conclusions LncRNAs and their coexpression mRNAs are dysregulated in the priming process of DBA/1 in the brainstem. Some of these mRNAs and lncRNAs may be related to SUDEP, including Adora3, Lmnb2, Hspa1a, Hspa1b, Itrp1, Gstt4 and their related lncRNAs. Further study on the mechanism of lncRNAs in SUDEP is needed. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12864-021-07921-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deng Chen
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Wai Nan Guo Xue Lane 37 #, 610041, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Lina Zhu
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Wai Nan Guo Xue Lane 37 #, 610041, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xin Lin
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Wai Nan Guo Xue Lane 37 #, 610041, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Dong Zhou
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Wai Nan Guo Xue Lane 37 #, 610041, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
| | - Ling Liu
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Wai Nan Guo Xue Lane 37 #, 610041, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
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Han SH, Kim JY, Lee JH, Park CM. Safeguarding genome integrity under heat stress in plants. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2021:erab355. [PMID: 34343307 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erab355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Heat stress adversely affects an array of molecular and cellular events in plant cells, such as denaturation of protein and lipid molecules and malformation of cellular membranes and cytoskeleton networks. Genome organization and DNA integrity are also disturbed under heat stress, and accordingly, plants have evolved sophisticated adaptive mechanisms that either protect their genomes from deleterious heat-induced damages or stimulate genome restoration responses. In particular, it is emerging that DNA damage responses are a critical defense process that underlies the acquirement of thermotolerance in plants, during which molecular players constituting the DNA repair machinery are rapidly activated. In recent years, thermotolerance genes that mediate the maintenance of genome integrity or trigger DNA repair responses have been functionally characterized in various plant species. Furthermore, accumulating evidence supports that genome integrity is safeguarded through multiple layers of thermoinduced protection routes in plant cells, including transcriptome adjustment, orchestration of RNA metabolism, protein homeostasis, and chromatin reorganization. In this review, we summarize topical progresses and research trends in understanding how plants cope with heat stress to secure genome intactness. We focus on molecular regulatory mechanisms by which plant genomes are secured against the DNA-damaging effects of heat stress and DNA damages are effectively repaired. We will also explore the practical interface between heat stress response and securing genome integrity in view of developing biotechnological ways of improving thermotolerance in crop species under global climate changes, a worldwide ecological concern in agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin-Hee Han
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Young Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - June-Hee Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chung-Mo Park
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
- Plant Genomics and Breeding Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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Characterization and functional analysis of Cshsp19.0 encoding a small heat shock protein in Chilo suppressalis (Walker). Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 188:924-931. [PMID: 34352319 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.07.186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Small heat shock proteins (sHSPs) function as ATP-independent chaperones that preserve cellular proteostasis under stressful conditions. In this study, Cshsp19.0, which encodes a new small heat shock protein, was isolated and characterized from Chilo suppressalis (Walker) to better understand the contribution of sHSPs to insect development and stress tolerance. The full-length Cshsp19.0 cDNA was 697 bp and encoded a 19.0 kDa protein with an isoelectric point of 5.95. Phylogenetic analysis and amino acid alignments indicated that Cshsp19.0 is a member of the sHSP family. Cshsp19.0 was expressed at maximal levels in foreguts and showed the least amount of expression in fat bodies. Expression analysis in different developmental stages of C. suppressalis revealed that Cshsp19.0 was most highly expressed in 1st instar larvae. Furthermore, Cshsp19.0 was upregulated when insects were exposed to heat and cold stress for a 2-h period. There were significant differences in the male and female pupae in response to humidity; Cshsp19.0 expression increased in male pupae as RH increased, whereas the inverse pattern was observed in female pupae. Larvae exhibited a lower rate of survival when Cshsp19.0 was silenced by a nanomaterial-promoted RNAi method. The results confirm that Cshsp19.0 functions to increase environmental stress tolerance and regulates physiological activities in C. suppressalis.
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Targeting Cancer Metabolism Breaks Radioresistance by Impairing the Stress Response. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13153762. [PMID: 34359663 PMCID: PMC8345170 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13153762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Ionizing radiation is a major pillar in the therapy of solid tumors. However, normal tissue toxicities and radioresistance of tumor cells can limit the therapeutic success of radiotherapy. In this study, we investigated the coregulation of the cancer metabolism and the heat shock response with respect to radioresistance. Our results indicate that an inhibition of lactate dehydrogenase, either pharmacologically or by gene knockout of LDHA and LDHB, significantly increases the radiosensitivity in tumor cells by global impairing of the stress response. Therefore, inhibition of the lactate metabolism might provide a promising strategy in the future to improve the clinical outcome of patients with highly aggressive, therapy-resistant tumors. Abstract The heightened energetic demand increases lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity, the corresponding oncometabolite lactate, expression of heat shock proteins (HSPs) and thereby promotes therapy resistance in many malignant tumor cell types. Therefore, we assessed the coregulation of LDH and the heat shock response with respect to radiation resistance in different tumor cells (B16F10 murine melanoma and LS174T human colorectal adenocarcinoma). The inhibition of LDH activity by oxamate or GNE-140, glucose deprivation and LDHA/B double knockout (LDH−/−) in B16F10 and LS174T cells significantly diminish tumor growth; ROS production and the cytosolic expression of different HSPs, including Hsp90, Hsp70 and Hsp27 concomitant with a reduction of heat shock factor 1 (HSF1)/pHSF1. An altered lipid metabolism mediated by a LDHA/B double knockout results in a decreased presence of the Hsp70-anchoring glycosphingolipid Gb3 on the cell surface of tumor cells, which, in turn, reduces the membrane Hsp70 density and increases the extracellular Hsp70 levels. Vice versa, elevated extracellular lactate/pyruvate concentrations increase the membrane Hsp70 expression in wildtype tumor cells. Functionally, an inhibition of LDH causes a generalized reduction of cytosolic and membrane-bound HSPs in tumor cells and significantly increases the radiosensitivity, which is associated with a G2/M arrest. We demonstrate that targeting of the lactate/pyruvate metabolism breaks the radioresistance by impairing the stress response.
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