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Walker R, Harada K. Affective Exercise Experience in Childhood and Psychological Determinants of Exercise Among Japanese Older Adults. RESEARCH QUARTERLY FOR EXERCISE AND SPORT 2024:1-13. [PMID: 39012628 DOI: 10.1080/02701367.2024.2375290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
Japan faces significant challenges associated with its super-aged society. Exercise and physical activity are recommended strategies to promote healthy aging and quality of life in older age. However, what determines exercise behavior among Japanese older adults is relatively unknown. The principle aim of this study was to explore exercise determinants and their relation to exercise behavior among Japanese older adults. Completed self-report questionnaires were received from 1,000 Japanese older adults aged between 65 and 74 years who resided in the Kansai area. A cross-sectional maximum likelihood path analysis was used to test the relationships between variables, where it was hypothesized that affective experiences in childhood had an indirect association with the exercise behavior of Japanese older adults through the seven psychological determinants of exercise. Demographic factors were also included in the model as potential influences of all factors. Knowledge held the largest significant direct association with exercise behavior (β = .539, p = <.001), particularly more intense forms of exercise such as resistance exercise (β = .725, p = <.001) and moderate to strenuous exercise (β = .420, p = <.001), whilst affective exercise experience in childhood (B = 3.749, p = <.001) and gender (B = 5.183, p = .003) held significant indirect associations. This paper emphasizes the importance of exercise-related knowledge among Japanese older adults and future research is warranted to further explore the role of positive affective exercise experiences in childhood and their influence on exercise behavior, especially amongst girls.
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Shinohara T, Saida K, Tanaka S, Murayama A, Higuchi D. Changes in frailty and lifestyle among community-dwelling older adults: A two-point cross-sectional study during and after the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan. Geriatr Nurs 2024; 58:208-214. [PMID: 38833813 DOI: 10.1016/j.gerinurse.2024.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Revised: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
We aimed to verify the characteristics of lifestyles and frailty among older adults during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. This two-point cross-sectional study conducted a baseline survey (BL) in 2020 and a follow-up survey (FU) in 2023 with community-dwelling individuals aged ≥65 years in Japan. The 700 and 572 participants in the BL and FU were analyzed. We compared frailty occurrence and lifestyle characteristics between both surveys. In the BL and FU, 38.3 %, 52.4 %, and 9.3 % and 29.4 %, 59.4 %, and 11.2 % of the individuals were classified as robust, pre-frail, and frail, respectively, showing a significant decrease in the number of robust, and an increase in the number of pre-frail. A significant decrease in dietary intake was observed among robust individuals in the FU, with an overall significant decrease in communication opportunities in the BL. Therefore, lifestyle changes due to infection control measures may have a delayed impact on frailty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoyuki Shinohara
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Care, Takasaki University of Health and Welfare, 501 Naka Orui-machi, Takasaki-shi, Gunma 370-0033, Japan.
| | - Kosuke Saida
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Care, Takasaki University of Health and Welfare, 501 Naka Orui-machi, Takasaki-shi, Gunma 370-0033, Japan
| | - Shigeya Tanaka
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Care, Takasaki University of Health and Welfare, 501 Naka Orui-machi, Takasaki-shi, Gunma 370-0033, Japan
| | - Akihiko Murayama
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation, Gunma University of Health and Welfare, Maebashi Plaza Genki21 Maebashi 6-7F, 2-12-1 Hon-machi, Maebashi-shi, Gunma 371-0023, Japan
| | - Daisuke Higuchi
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Care, Takasaki University of Health and Welfare, 501 Naka Orui-machi, Takasaki-shi, Gunma 370-0033, Japan
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Tatsumi H, Matsuda Y, Okui T, Karino M, Koike T, Okuma S, Toda E, Ishizuka S, Sonoyama-Osako R, Morioka R, Kotani T, Shimamura Y, Kanno T. Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the dynamic of patients with oral and maxillofacial trauma: interrupted time-series analysis. Sci Rep 2024; 14:13202. [PMID: 38851787 PMCID: PMC11162448 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-63890-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Oral and maxillofacial trauma is influenced by various factors, including regional characteristics and social background. Due to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, a state of emergency was declared in Japan in March 2020. In this study, we aimed to examine the dynamics of patients with oral and maxillofacial trauma over a 12-years period using interrupted time-series (ITS) analysis. Patients were examined at the Shimane University Hospital, Maxillofacial Trauma Center from April 2012 to April 2023. In addition to general patient characteristics, data regarding the type of trauma and its treatment were obtained from 1203 patients (770 men and 433 women). Group comparisons showed significant differences in age, trauma status, method of treatment, referral source, route, and injury occasion. ITS analysis indicated significant changes in combined nasal fractures, non-invasive reduction, and sports injuries (P < 0.05), suggesting COVID-19 significantly impacted oral and maxillofacial trauma dynamics. A pandemic of an infectious disease may decrease the number of minor trauma cases but increase the number of injuries from outdoor activities, resulting in no overall change in the dynamics of the number of trauma patients. Medical systems for oral and maxillofacial trauma should be in place at all times, independent of infectious disease pandemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroto Tatsumi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, 89-1 Enya-cho, Izumo, Shimane, 693-8501, Japan
- Maxillofacial Trauma Center, Shimane University Hospital, Izumo, Shimane, Japan
| | - Yuhei Matsuda
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, 89-1 Enya-cho, Izumo, Shimane, 693-8501, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Okui
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, 89-1 Enya-cho, Izumo, Shimane, 693-8501, Japan
- Maxillofacial Trauma Center, Shimane University Hospital, Izumo, Shimane, Japan
| | - Masaaki Karino
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, 89-1 Enya-cho, Izumo, Shimane, 693-8501, Japan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shimane Prefectural Central Hospital, Izumo, Shimane, Japan
| | - Takashi Koike
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, 89-1 Enya-cho, Izumo, Shimane, 693-8501, Japan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Unnan City Hospital, Unnan, Shimane, Japan
| | - Satoe Okuma
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, 89-1 Enya-cho, Izumo, Shimane, 693-8501, Japan
- Maxillofacial Trauma Center, Shimane University Hospital, Izumo, Shimane, Japan
| | - Erina Toda
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, 89-1 Enya-cho, Izumo, Shimane, 693-8501, Japan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, National Hospital Organization Hamada Medical Center, Hamada, Shimane, Japan
| | - Shinji Ishizuka
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, 89-1 Enya-cho, Izumo, Shimane, 693-8501, Japan
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Oki Hospital, Oki, Shimane, Japan
| | - Rie Sonoyama-Osako
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, 89-1 Enya-cho, Izumo, Shimane, 693-8501, Japan
- Maxillofacial Trauma Center, Shimane University Hospital, Izumo, Shimane, Japan
| | - Reon Morioka
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, 89-1 Enya-cho, Izumo, Shimane, 693-8501, Japan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Masuda Red Cross Hospital, Masuda, Shimane, Japan
| | - Tatsuhito Kotani
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, 89-1 Enya-cho, Izumo, Shimane, 693-8501, Japan
- Maxillofacial Trauma Center, Shimane University Hospital, Izumo, Shimane, Japan
| | - Yukiho Shimamura
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, 89-1 Enya-cho, Izumo, Shimane, 693-8501, Japan
- Maxillofacial Trauma Center, Shimane University Hospital, Izumo, Shimane, Japan
| | - Takahiro Kanno
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, 89-1 Enya-cho, Izumo, Shimane, 693-8501, Japan.
- Maxillofacial Trauma Center, Shimane University Hospital, Izumo, Shimane, Japan.
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Kawamura K, Wakayama S, Osawa A, Ishino S, Iwase T, Tanimoto M, Itoh N, Maeshima S. Effectiveness of Home Exercise Program for Older People approach for frailty: A preliminary study. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2024; 24:649-651. [PMID: 38690759 DOI: 10.1111/ggi.14888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Koki Kawamura
- Department of Rehabilitation, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
- Department of Palliative and Supportive Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Aichi, Medical University, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Satomu Wakayama
- Department of Rehabilitation, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Aiko Osawa
- Department of Rehabilitation, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Shota Ishino
- Department of Rehabilitation, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Taku Iwase
- Department of Rehabilitation, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Masanori Tanimoto
- Department of Rehabilitation, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Naoki Itoh
- Department of Rehabilitation, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Maeshima
- Education and Innovation Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
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Tabira K, Oguma Y, Yoshihara S, Shibuya M, Nakamura M, Doihara N, Hirata A, Manabe T. Digital Peer-Supported App Intervention to Promote Physical Activity Among Community-Dwelling Older Adults: Nonrandomized Controlled Trial. JMIR Aging 2024; 7:e56184. [PMID: 38814686 PMCID: PMC11176879 DOI: 10.2196/56184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of mobile apps has promoted physical activity levels. Recently, with an increasing number of older adults accessing the internet, app-based interventions may be feasible in older populations. Peer support-based interventions have become a common method for promoting health-related behavior change. To our knowledge, the feasibility of using digital peer support apps (DPSAs) to increase physical activity among older adults and its impact on physical activity and physical function have not been investigated. OBJECTIVE This study aims to assess the feasibility of using DPSAs in older adults and to assess changes in physical activity and physical function in DPSA users. METHODS We conducted a nonrandomized controlled trial of older adults aged ≥65 years. We recruited participants for 2 distinct 12-week programs designed to increase physical activity. Participants could choose between an intervention group (app program and exercise instruction) or a control group (exercise instruction only). DPSA creates a group chat for up to 5 people with a common goal, and participants anonymously post to each other in the group. Once a day, participants posted a set of their step counts, photos, and comments on a group chat box. The intervention group used the DPSA after receiving 2 face-to-face lectures on its use. The participants were characterized using questionnaires, accelerometers, and physical function assessments. The feasibility of the DPSA was assessed using retention and adherence rates. Physical activity was assessed using accelerometers to measure the daily step count, light intensity physical activity, moderate to vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA), and sedentary behavior. Physical function was assessed using grip strength and the 30-second chair-stand test. RESULTS The participants in the intervention group were more frequent users of apps, were more familiar with information and communication technology, and had a higher baseline physical activity level. The retention and adherence rates for the DPSA intervention were 88% (36/41) and 87.7%, respectively, indicating good feasibility. Participants in the intervention group increased their step count by at least 1000 steps and their MVPA by at least 10 minutes using the DPSA. There was a significant difference in the interaction between groups and intervention time points in the daily step count and MVPA (step count, P=.04; duration of MVPA, P=.02). The DPSA increased physical activity, especially in older adults with low baseline physical activity levels. CONCLUSIONS The feasibility of DPSA was found to be good, with the intervention group showing increases in daily steps and MVPA. The effects of DPSA on step count, physical activity, and physical function in older adults with low baseline physical activity should be investigated using randomized controlled trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kento Tabira
- Graduate School of Health Management, Keio University, Kanagawa, Japan
- Sports Medicine Research Center, Keio University, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yuko Oguma
- Graduate School of Health Management, Keio University, Kanagawa, Japan
- Sports Medicine Research Center, Keio University, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Shota Yoshihara
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Kanagawa, Japan
- A10 Lab Inc, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Manabu Nakamura
- Graduate School of Health Management, Keio University, Kanagawa, Japan
- Sports Medicine Research Center, Keio University, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Natsue Doihara
- Sports Medicine Research Center, Keio University, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Akihiro Hirata
- Graduate School of Health Management, Keio University, Kanagawa, Japan
- Sports Medicine Research Center, Keio University, Kanagawa, Japan
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoki Manabe
- Graduate School of Health Management, Keio University, Kanagawa, Japan
- Sports Medicine Research Center, Keio University, Kanagawa, Japan
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Kawai H, Ejiri M, Imamura K, Ito K, Fujiwara Y, Hirano H, Ihara K, Obuchi S. Three-year trajectories of social networks, face-to-face interactions, and non-face-to-face interactions among community-dwelling older adults in Japan during the COVID-19 pandemic: Otassha study. Maturitas 2024; 183:107943. [PMID: 38367365 DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2024.107943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the trajectories of social networks and interactions among older Japanese individuals during the COVID-19 pandemic. STUDY DESIGN We used data from a cohort of community-dwelling older individuals from the Otassha study's 2019-2022 survey. Participants comprised 606 older individuals who participated in the 2019 survey and were followed up at least once. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Social networks were assessed using the Lubben Social Network Scale-6 (LSNS-6), whereas social interactions were assessed by the frequency of face-to-face or non-face-to-face contact with non-resident family members and friends. Trajectories of the LSNS-6 and face-to-face and non-face-to-face interactions were identified using group-based semiparametric mixture modeling. The trajectories of change in the LSNS-6 from 2019 were also identified. The factors associated with the changes in trajectory patterns were examined using logistic regression analysis. RESULTS Three LSNS-6 trajectories were identified, with slightly decreasing patterns over time. Specifically, face-to-face interactions tended to decrease over time, whereas non-face-to-face interactions exhibited almost no change. The reduction in LSNS-6 in the decreased pattern failed to recover to its pre-pandemic level. The group of participants with the decreased pattern had a significantly higher proportion of people participating in group activities [odds ratio (95 % confidence interval): 2.27 (1.12-4.59)] and performing calisthenics twice a week than the group with the maintained pattern [2.08 (1.18-3.68)]. CONCLUSIONS During the three years of the pandemic, no changes were observed in the social networks of community-dwelling older Japanese individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisashi Kawai
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae-cho, Itabashi-Ku, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan.
| | - Manami Ejiri
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae-cho, Itabashi-Ku, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
| | - Keigo Imamura
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae-cho, Itabashi-Ku, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
| | - Kumiko Ito
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae-cho, Itabashi-Ku, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Fujiwara
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae-cho, Itabashi-Ku, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
| | - Hirohiko Hirano
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae-cho, Itabashi-Ku, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
| | - Kazushige Ihara
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae-cho, Itabashi-Ku, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
| | - Shuichi Obuchi
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae-cho, Itabashi-Ku, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
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Seino S, Abe T, Nofuji Y, Hata T, Shinkai S, Kitamura A, Fujiwara Y. Dose-response associations between physical activity and sedentary time with functional disability in older adults with or without frailty: a prospective cohort study. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1357618. [PMID: 38721536 PMCID: PMC11076770 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1357618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Evidence regarding the dose-response curve shapes of physical activity (PA) and sedentary time (ST) in older adults with functional disability (FD) is extremely limited. Moreover, these associations may differ depending on with/without frailty. We examined the dose-response associations between moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) and ST with FD among older adults with/without frailty. Methods We included 7,480 initially nondisabled adults (3,795 men and 3,685 women) aged 65-84 years in Ota City, Tokyo, Japan. MVPA and ST were evaluated using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form. FD was prospectively identified using a nationally unified database of the long-term care insurance system. Frailty was determined using Check-List 15, validated against Fried's frailty criteria. Multivariate-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of MVPA and ST for FD were calculated, and dose-response curves were examined using restricted cubic splines. Results During 3.6 years of follow-up, 1,001 (13.4%) participants had FD. Among all participants, compared with no MVPA, the HRs for FD reduced linearly up to approximately 2000 metabolic equivalents (METs)■min/week of MVPA, and the lowest HR (HR: 0.61, 95% CI: 0.51-0.74) was reached at around 3,000-4,000 METs■min/week. Although the shape of this association was consistent regardless of with/without frailty, the magnitude of the association tended to be stronger in frail older adults than in non-frail older adults. Compared with those for the median (300 min/day) of ST, the HRs for FD increased linearly as ST reached approximately 600 min/day or more, independent of MVPA, with a maximum HR of 1.31 (95% CI: 1.01-1.71) for 1,080 min/day among all participants. This association was more pronounced among non-frail older adults but not statistically significant among frail older adults. Conclusion Higher MVPA levels consistently reduced the incidence of FD regardless of frailty in a significant inverse nonlinear dose-response manner. A significant positive nonlinear dose-response association between ST and FD risk was identified among non-frail older adults but not among frail older adults. Increasing MVPA and reducing prolonged ST are important for preventing FD among non-frail older adults. However, reducing ST alone may be insufficient; increasing MVPA, even if by only small increments, is highly recommended for frail older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Seino
- Research Team for Social Participation and Healthy Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Itabashi, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takumi Abe
- Research Team for Social Participation and Healthy Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Itabashi, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yu Nofuji
- Research Team for Social Participation and Healthy Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Itabashi, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshiki Hata
- The Tokyo Metropolitan Support Center for Preventative Long-term and Frail Elderly Care, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Itabashi, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shoji Shinkai
- Research Team for Social Participation and Healthy Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Itabashi, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Nutrition Sciences, Kagawa Nutrition University, Sakado, Saitama, Japan
| | - Akihiko Kitamura
- Research Team for Social Participation and Healthy Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Itabashi, Tokyo, Japan
- Health Town Development Science Center, Yao City Public Health Center, Yao City, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Fujiwara
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Itabashi, Tokyo, Japan
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Luchesi BM, Kajiyama MT, Abreu AR, Kwiatkoski M, Martins TCR. Monitoring risk factors for dementia in middle-aged and older adults: a longitudinal study. Dement Neuropsychol 2024; 18:e20230095. [PMID: 38659628 PMCID: PMC11041916 DOI: 10.1590/1980-5764-dn-2023-0095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Given the importance of dementia syndrome and its impacts on the population, interest in studying modifiable risk factors for dementia is growing. Objective To compare the prevalence of risk factors for dementia in middle-aged and older adults over a two-year period and to identify what variables in baseline were predictive of cognitive decline in the follow-up. Methods Longitudinal and quantitative study, with follow-up evaluation after two years, conducted with 200 participants aged 45 years or more, registered in Primary Care Units. In the baseline (2018/2019) and follow-up (2021) assessments, sociodemographic data were collected, and cognitive performance and risk factors for dementia were evaluated (education, hearing loss, head trauma, high blood pressure, alcohol use, obesity, smoking, depressive symptoms, social isolation, physical inactivity, and diabetes mellitus). Data were compared using the McNemar's test. Individual multinomial logistic regression models were performed to identify the factors associated with cognitive decline after two years. Results The percentages of low education, traumatic brain injury, and smoking remained the same in both assessments. There was a significant increase in the prevalence of high blood pressure (from 55.0 to 62.0%) and physical inactivity (from 58.5 to 74.5%) and a significant reduction in social isolation (from 25.0 to 18.0%). Participants with depressive symptoms in baseline had a higher risk of cognitive decline in follow-up. Conclusion There was an increase in the prevalence of high blood pressure and physical inactivity and a reduction in social isolation after two years. Depressive symptoms predict cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Moretti Luchesi
- Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso do Sul, Campus Três Lagoas, Faculdade de Medicina, Três Lagoas MS, Brazil
- Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso do Sul, Campus Três Lagoas, Programa de Graduação em Enfermagem, Três Lagoas MS, Brazil
| | - Mariana Tiemi Kajiyama
- Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso do Sul, Campus Três Lagoas, Faculdade de Medicina, Três Lagoas MS, Brazil
| | - Amanda Rocha Abreu
- Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso do Sul, Campus Três Lagoas, Faculdade de Medicina, Três Lagoas MS, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Kwiatkoski
- Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso do Sul, Campus Três Lagoas, Faculdade de Medicina, Três Lagoas MS, Brazil
| | - Tatiana Carvalho Reis Martins
- Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso do Sul, Campus Três Lagoas, Programa de Graduação em Enfermagem, Três Lagoas MS, Brazil
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Ohta T, Osuka Y, Shida T, Daimaru K, Kojima N, Maruo K, Iizuka A, Kitago M, Fujiwara Y, Sasai H. Feasibility, Acceptability, and Potential Efficacy of a Mobile Health Application for Community-Dwelling Older Adults with Frailty and Pre-Frailty: A Pilot Study. Nutrients 2024; 16:1181. [PMID: 38674872 PMCID: PMC11054015 DOI: 10.3390/nu16081181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Smartphone applications aimed at enhancing physical, cognitive, and social activities through mobile health (mHealth) technology are of increasing interest. Their feasibility and acceptability, alongside impacts on frailty phenotype scores and step counts among older adults with frailty, remain to be fully validated. This study presents a 13-week preliminary intervention trial assessing an mHealth app's feasibility in a cohort of 34 eligible older adults, including 5 frail and 29 pre-frail participants. The intervention entailed a 6-week course on app usage, followed by 7 weeks of observation, with four participants withdrawing early. Feasibility was determined by login and active use rates, with a target login rate of 60% or higher. Post-intervention, 100% session attendance and a median login rate of 88.4% were observed. Acceptability was high, with 73% affirming the app's health benefits. Notably, frailty scores and step counts improved post-intervention, underscoring the app's potential for supporting older adults with frailty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahisa Ohta
- Research Team for Promoting Independence and Mental Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Itabashi 173-0015, Japan (H.S.)
| | - Yosuke Osuka
- Department of Frailty Research, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu 474-8511, Japan;
| | - Takashi Shida
- Research Team for Promoting Independence and Mental Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Itabashi 173-0015, Japan (H.S.)
| | - Kaori Daimaru
- Research Team for Promoting Independence and Mental Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Itabashi 173-0015, Japan (H.S.)
| | - Narumi Kojima
- Research Team for Promoting Independence and Mental Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Itabashi 173-0015, Japan (H.S.)
| | - Kazushi Maruo
- Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan
| | - Ai Iizuka
- Research Team for Social Participation and Healthy Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Itabashi 173-0015, Japan
| | - Moe Kitago
- Research Team for Social Participation and Healthy Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Itabashi 173-0015, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Fujiwara
- Research Team for Social Participation and Healthy Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Itabashi 173-0015, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Sasai
- Research Team for Promoting Independence and Mental Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Itabashi 173-0015, Japan (H.S.)
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Umeda S, Kanemoto H, Suzuki M, Wada T, Suehiro T, Kakeda K, Nakatani Y, Satake Y, Yamakawa M, Koizumi F, Taomoto D, Hikida S, Hirakawa N, Sommerlad A, Livingston G, Hashimoto M, Yoshiyama K, Ikeda M. Validation of the Japanese version of the Social Functioning in Dementia scale and COVID-19 pandemic's impact on social function in mild cognitive impairment and mild dementia. Int Psychogeriatr 2024:1-14. [PMID: 38462968 DOI: 10.1017/s1041610224000401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We aimed to psychometrically evaluate and validate a Japanese version of the Social Functioning in Dementia scale (SF-DEM-J) and investigate changes in social function in people with dementia during the coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic. DESIGN We interviewed people with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and mild dementia and their caregivers during June 2020-March 2021 to validate patient- and caregiver-rated SF-DEM-J and compared their scores at baseline (April 2020 to May 2020) and at 6-8 months (January 2021 to March 2021) during a time of tighter COVID-19 restrictions. SETTING The neuropsychology clinic in the Department of Psychiatry at Osaka University Hospital and outpatient clinic in the Department of Psychiatry and Neurology at Daini Osaka Police Hospital, Japan. PARTICIPANTS 103 dyads of patients and caregivers. MEASUREMENTS SF-DEM-J, Mini-Mental State Examination, Neuropsychiatric Inventory, UCLA Loneliness Scale, and Apathy Evaluation Scale. RESULTS The scale's interrater reliability was excellent and test-retest reliability was substantial. Content validity was confirmed for the caregiver-rated SF-DEM-J, and convergent validity was moderate. Caregiver-rated SF-DEM-J was associated with apathy, irritability, loneliness, and cognitive impairment. The total score of caregiver-rated SF-DEM-J and the score of Section 2, "communication with others," significantly improved at 6-8 months of follow-up. CONCLUSIONS The SF-DEM-J is acceptable as a measure of social function in MCI and mild dementia. Our results show that the social functioning of people with dementia, especially communicating with others, improved during the COVID-19 pandemic, probably as a result of adaptation to the restrictive life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumiyo Umeda
- Department of Psychiatry, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurology, Daini Osaka Police Hospital, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Sumitomo Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hideki Kanemoto
- Department of Psychiatry, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Maki Suzuki
- Department of Psychiatry, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Behavioral Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, Osaka University United Graduate School of Child Development, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tamiki Wada
- Department of Psychiatry, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurology, Daini Osaka Police Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takashi Suehiro
- Department of Psychiatry, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kyosuke Kakeda
- Department of Psychiatry, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Psychiatry, Medical Corporation Seiwakai Hanwaizumi Hospital, Izumi, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Nakatani
- Department of Psychiatry, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Psychiatry, Osaka Psychiatric Medical Center, Hirakata, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yuto Satake
- Department of Psychiatry, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Maki Yamakawa
- Department of Psychiatry, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Fuyuki Koizumi
- Department of Psychiatry, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Daiki Taomoto
- Department of Psychiatry, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Sakura Hikida
- Department of Psychiatry, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Natsuho Hirakawa
- Department of Psychiatry, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Andrew Sommerlad
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, UK
- Camden and Islington NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Gill Livingston
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, UK
- Camden and Islington NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Mamoru Hashimoto
- Department of Psychiatry, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kenji Yoshiyama
- Department of Psychiatry, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Manabu Ikeda
- Department of Psychiatry, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
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Yamada M, Arai H. Changes in physical and social activities among community-dwelling Japanese older adults during three years of the COVID-19 pandemic. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2024; 24 Suppl 1:395-396. [PMID: 37485578 DOI: 10.1111/ggi.14645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Minoru Yamada
- Faculty of Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Hidenori Arai
- National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
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12
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Hanlon P, Wightman H, Politis M, Kirkpatrick S, Jones C, Andrew MK, Vetrano DL, Dent E, Hoogendijk EO. The relationship between frailty and social vulnerability: a systematic review. THE LANCET. HEALTHY LONGEVITY 2024; 5:e214-e226. [PMID: 38432249 DOI: 10.1016/s2666-7568(23)00263-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Both frailty (reduced physiological reserve) and social vulnerability (scarcity of adequate social connections, support, or interaction) become more common as people age and are associated with adverse consequences. Analyses of the relationships between these constructs can be limited by the wide range of measures used to assess them. In this systematic review, we synthesised 130 observational studies assessing the association between frailty and social vulnerability, the bidirectional longitudinal relationships between constructs, and their joint associations with adverse health outcomes. Frailty, across assessment type, was associated with increased loneliness and social isolation, perceived inadequacy of social support, and reduced social participation. Each of these social vulnerability components was also associated with more rapid progression of frailty and lower odds of improvement compared with the absence of that social vulnerability component (eg, more rapid frailty progression in people with social isolation vs those who were not socially isolated). Combinations of frailty and social vulnerability were associated with increased mortality, decline in physical function, and cognitive impairment. Clinical and public health measures targeting frailty or social vulnerability should, therefore, account for both frailty and social vulnerability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Hanlon
- School of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
| | - Heather Wightman
- School of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Marina Politis
- School of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | | | - Caitlin Jones
- School of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Melissa K Andrew
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Davide L Vetrano
- Aging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Stockholm Gerontological Research Center, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Elsa Dent
- Centre for Public Health, Equity and Human Flourishing, Torrens University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Emiel O Hoogendijk
- Department of Epidemiology & Data Science, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC-Location VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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13
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Saldanha MF, Ribeiro Dos Santos R, Jansen AK. Energy and nutrient intake in older adults with healthy aging during the Corona Virus Disease 19 pandemic- a cohort study. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2024; 59:181-187. [PMID: 38220374 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2023.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Lockdown measures implemented amid the COVID-19 pandemic promoted changes in lifestyle, particularly engagement in physical activity/exercise and dietary intake. However, few studies are available investigating the healthy older population, particularly in developing countries. Therefore, the objective of this study was to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on energy and nutrient intake among older adults with successful aging and to evaluate changes in muscle mass, strength and physical performance. METHODS A cohort study of 38 healthy older adults from a Brazilian geriatrics referral center were assessed at two time points: baseline - up to 1 year prior to the pandemic; and follow-up - an average of 17 months after the pandemic outbreak. Energy and nutrient intake was determined using food recalls and diary records, while muscle mass was calculated based on anthropometric parameters. Maximum hand-grip strength and Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) score were also evaluated. RESULTS Median age of participants was 87 years. During the pandemic, intake of protein increased from 52.6 g to 63.9 g (p = 0.013) and micronutrients also increased: vitamin C from 35.4 mg to 76.1 mg (p = 0.027), vitamin B12 from 2.2 mg to 3.1 mg (p = 0.045), calcium from 435.1 mg to 631.5 mg (p < 0.001), magnesium from 186.5 mg to 198.9 mg (p = 0.043), zinc from 5.8 mg to 7.6 mg (p = 0.009), iron from 6.9 mg to 7.2 mg (p = 0.035) and potassium from 1941.6 mg to 2115.5 mg (p = 0.048). No changes in energy intake or other nutrients were evident. No difference in mass, strength or physical performance was observed during the study period. Overall, 84% of participants remained physically active, although engagement in physical exercise decreased by 50% (p < 0.002). CONCLUSION The increase in intake of proteins and micronutrients suggests improved diet quality during the pandemic. Engagement in physical exercise decreased significantly, but level of physical activity was maintained. No change in anthropometric parameters, strength or physical performance was evident in the population investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelle Ferreira Saldanha
- Nursing School, Postgraduate Program in Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenue Professor Alfredo Balena, 190, Santa Efigênia, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Rodrigo Ribeiro Dos Santos
- Faculty of Medicine, Medical Clinic Department, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenue Professor Alfredo Balena, 190, Santa Efigênia, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Ann Kristine Jansen
- Nursing School, Department of Nutrition, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenue Professor Alfredo Balena, 190, Santa Efigênia, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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14
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Mehrabi S, Drisdelle S, Dutt HR, Middleton LE. "If I want to be able to keep going, I must be active." Exploring older adults' perspectives of remote physical activity supports: a mixed-methods study. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1328492. [PMID: 38327585 PMCID: PMC10847274 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1328492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Pandemic-related public health restrictions limited older adults' physical activity programs and opportunities. Physical activity supports shifted to remote options, however, information on their adoption and effectiveness is limited. This study aims to describe the remote supports received by older adults and their perceived effectiveness. Additionally, it aims to describe facilitators and barriers to remote supports for physical activity among older adults, particularly those reliant on technology. Methods This study used an explanatory, sequential, mixed-methods design. Community-dwelling older adults (≥ 60 years) were recruited to partake in a web-based survey and an optional semi-structured follow-up interview informed by the COM-B model. Participant characteristics, perceived effectiveness of remote supports, and the presence and severity of barriers were described. Changes in physical activity levels before and during the pandemic were analyzed using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Qualitative data underwent inductive thematic analysis. Results Fifty seven older adults (68.3 ± 7.1 years, 43 Female) completed the survey, of which 15 participants (67.4 ± 5.8 years, 12 Female) participated in interviews. The majority were Caucasian, highly educated, and resided in Canada. Total physical activity levels showed no statistically significant change from before to during the pandemic (p = 0.74); however, at-home exercise participation and technology usage increased. Pre-recorded and real-time virtual exercise supports were perceived as most effective. Main barriers included limited contact with exercise professionals, limited access to exercise equipment or space, and decreased mental wellness. Thematic analysis identified five main themes: (i) Enabled by knowledge and resources; (ii) Diverse motivations for physical activity; (iii) Fostering participation through social connection; (iv) Supervision and safety: enabling adherence; and (v) Virtual exercise: a sustainable option with technological considerations. Conclusion Virtual platforms show promise in supporting older adults' physical activity at home, especially for those with limited in-person access. Our study suggests that both real-time and pre-recorded virtual exercise supports are feasible, depending on technological capacity and support. While interactive real-time virtual programs allow interaction with professionals and peers, pre-recorded programs provide timing flexibility. Further research is needed to establish best practices for safe and effective virtual exercise programming, promoting its long-term adoption for supporting a wider range of older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samira Mehrabi
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Sara Drisdelle
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Hanna R Dutt
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Laura E Middleton
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
- Research Institute for Aging, Waterloo, ON, Canada
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15
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Seino S, Abe T, Nofuji Y, Hata T, Shinkai S, Kitamura A, Fujiwara Y. Dose-response Associations of Physical Activity and Sitting Time With All-cause Mortality in Older Japanese Adults. J Epidemiol 2024; 34:23-30. [PMID: 36567129 PMCID: PMC10701252 DOI: 10.2188/jea.je20220246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Although examining the dose-response curves of physical activity (PA) and sitting time with health-related outcomes is an important research agenda, the results for older Japanese adults are extremely limited. We examined the dose-response associations of PA and sitting time with all-cause mortality among older Japanese. METHODS Initially, 8,069 non-disabled residents (4,073 men; 3,996 women) aged 65-84 years of Ota City, Japan, were analyzed. Moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) and sitting time were evaluated using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form. Multivariate-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of MVPA and sitting time for all-cause mortality were calculated, and the dose-response curves were examined using restricted cubic splines (RCS). RESULTS During 4.1 years of follow-up, 458 participants (5.7%; 331 men and 127 women) died. Compared with the low MVPA (<600 metabolic equivalents [METs]·minutes/week) group, HR for mortality gradually reduced in moderate (600-3,000 METs·minutes/week) and high (>3,000 METs·minutes/week) MVPA groups (moderate: HR 0.66; 95% CI, 0.54-0.82; high: HR 0.58; 95% CI, 0.45-0.75; P < 0.001 for trend). RCS showed that the HR for mortality reduced linearly up to approximately 2,000 METs·minutes/week of MVPA, and maximal risk reduction was seen at approximately 3,000-4,500 METs·minutes/week of MVPA. No significant dose-response association of sitting time with mortality was observed. CONCLUSION Higher MVPA levels reduced all-cause mortality risk, in a significant inverse non-linear dose-response manner. Sitting time was not significantly associated with all-cause mortality. It is important to disseminate the significance of even a slight increase in the MVPA for reducing mortality risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Seino
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takumi Abe
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yu Nofuji
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshiki Hata
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Food and Nutritional Science, Graduate School of Applied Bioscience, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shoji Shinkai
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Nutrition Sciences, Kagawa Nutrition University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Akihiko Kitamura
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
- Health Town Development Science Center, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Fujiwara
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
- Integrated Research Initiative for Living Well with Dementia, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
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16
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Dengler J, Gheewala H, Kraft CN, Hegewald AA, Dörre R, Heese O, Gerlach R, Rosahl S, Maier B, Burger R, Wutzler S, Carl B, Ryang YM, Hau KT, Stein G, Gulow J, Allam A, Abduljawwad N, Rico Gonzalez G, Kuhlen R, Hohenstein S, Bollmann A, Stoffel M. Changes in frailty among patients hospitalized for spine pathologies during the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany-a nationwide observational study. EUROPEAN SPINE JOURNAL : OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE EUROPEAN SPINE SOCIETY, THE EUROPEAN SPINAL DEFORMITY SOCIETY, AND THE EUROPEAN SECTION OF THE CERVICAL SPINE RESEARCH SOCIETY 2024; 33:19-30. [PMID: 37971536 DOI: 10.1007/s00586-023-08014-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE In spine care, frailty is associated with poor outcomes. The aim of this study was to describe changes in frailty in spine care during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and their relation to surgical management and outcomes. METHODS Patients hospitalized for spine pathologies between January 1, 2019, and May 17, 2022, within a nationwide network of 76 hospitals in Germany were retrospectively included. Patient frailty, types of surgery, and in-hospital mortality rates were compared between pandemic and pre-pandemic periods. RESULTS Of the 223,418 included patients with spine pathologies, 151,766 were admitted during the pandemic and 71,652 during corresponding pre-pandemic periods in 2019. During the pandemic, the proportion of high-frailty patients increased from a range of 5.1-6.1% to 6.5-8.8% (p < 0.01), while the proportion of low frailty patients decreased from a range of 70.5-71.4% to 65.5-70.1% (p < 0.01). In most phases of the pandemic, the Elixhauser comorbidity index (ECI) showed larger increases among high compared to low frailty patients (by 0.2-1.8 vs. 0.2-0.8 [p < 0.01]). Changes in rates of spine surgery were associated with frailty, most clearly in rates of spine fusion, showing consistent increases among low frailty patients (by 2.2-2.5%) versus decreases (by 0.3-0.8%) among high-frailty patients (p < 0.02). Changes in rates of in-hospital mortality were not associated with frailty. CONCLUSIONS During the COVID-19 pandemic, the proportion of high-frailty patients increased among those hospitalized for spine pathologies in Germany. Low frailty was associated with a rise in rates of spine surgery and high frailty with comparably larger increases in rates of comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julius Dengler
- Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane, Campus Bad Saarow, Bad Saarow, Germany.
- Department of Neurosurgery, HELIOS Hospital Bad Saarow, Bad Saarow, Germany.
| | - Hussain Gheewala
- Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane, Campus Bad Saarow, Bad Saarow, Germany
- Department of Neurosurgery, HELIOS Hospital Bad Saarow, Bad Saarow, Germany
| | - Clayton N Kraft
- Department of Orthopedics, Trauma Surgery and Hand Unit, HELIOS Klinikum Krefeld, Krefeld, Germany
| | - Aldemar A Hegewald
- Department of Neurosurgery, VAMED Ostsee Hospital Damp, Ostseebad Damp, Germany
| | - Ralf Dörre
- Department of Neurosurgery, HELIOS Hospital St. Marienberg, Helmstedt, Germany
| | - Oliver Heese
- Department of Neurosurgery and Spinal Surgery, HELIOS Hospital Schwerin - University Campus of MSH Medical School Hamburg, Schwerin, Germany
| | - Rüdiger Gerlach
- Department of Neurosurgery, HELIOS Hospital Erfurt, Erfurt, Germany
| | - Steffen Rosahl
- Department of Neurosurgery, HELIOS Hospital Erfurt, Erfurt, Germany
| | - Bernd Maier
- Department of Trauma and Orthopedic Surgery, HELIOS Hospital Pforzheim, Pforzheim, Germany
| | - Ralf Burger
- Department of Neurosurgery, HELIOS Hospital Uelzen, Uelzen, Germany
| | - Sebastian Wutzler
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Orthopedic Surgery, HELIOS Dr. Horst Schmidt Kliniken Wiesbaden, Wiesbaden, Germany
| | - Barbara Carl
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
- Marburg Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior (MCMBB), Marburg, Germany
- Department of Neurosurgery, HELIOS Dr. Horst Schmidt Kliniken, Wiesbaden, Germany
| | - Yu-Mi Ryang
- Department of Neurosurgery and Spine Center, HELIOS Hospital Berlin Buch, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Neurosurgery, Klinikum Rechts Der Isar, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Khanh Toan Hau
- Department of Spine Surgery, HELIOS Hospital Duisburg, Duisburg, Germany
| | - Gregor Stein
- Department of Orthopaedic, Trauma and Spine Surgery, HELIOS Hospital Siegburg, Siegburg, Germany
| | - Jens Gulow
- Department of Spine Surgery, HELIOS Park-Klinikum Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ali Allam
- Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane, Campus Bad Saarow, Bad Saarow, Germany
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, HELIOS Hospital Bad Saarow, Bad Saarow, Germany
| | - Nehad Abduljawwad
- Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane, Campus Bad Saarow, Bad Saarow, Germany
- Department of Neurosurgery, HELIOS Hospital Bad Saarow, Bad Saarow, Germany
| | - Gerardo Rico Gonzalez
- Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane, Campus Bad Saarow, Bad Saarow, Germany
- Department of Neurosurgery, HELIOS Hospital Bad Saarow, Bad Saarow, Germany
| | | | - Sven Hohenstein
- Real World Evidence and Health Technology Assessment, Helios Health Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Bollmann
- Real World Evidence and Health Technology Assessment, Helios Health Institute, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Electrophysiology, Heart Center Leipzig at Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Michael Stoffel
- Department of Neurosurgery, HELIOS Hospital Krefeld, Krefeld, Germany
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17
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Hirose T, Sawaya Y, Ishizaka M, Hashimoto N, Kubo A, Urano T. Prevalence and factors associated with changes in frailty among community-dwelling older adults in Japan during the COVID-19 pandemic: A prospective cohort study from 2020 to 2022. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2024; 24:40-47. [PMID: 38009433 DOI: 10.1111/ggi.14748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
AIM This study aimed to ascertain the prevalence of frailty during the pandemic and to determine factors associated with changes in frailty status. METHODS In May-June of 2020-2022, we assessed the frailty of 549 participants using the Kihon Checklist. Furthermore, we classified participant residences as urban, suburban, and rural and investigated participants' engagement in hobbies and community activities in 2020 and 2022. Cochran's Q test was used to analyze the proportions of frailty status. Subsequently, we conducted a binomial logistic regression analysis with the improvement/deterioration of frailty status from 2020 to 2022 as the dependent variable, and engagement in hobbies and community activities as the independent variables. RESULTS Significant changes were observed among participants in urban areas, where an increase in pre-frailty and a decrease in robust individuals from 2020 to 2021 were noted. Focusing on item no. 17 (going out), the decreasing frequency had recovered by 2022 in the group of all groups. Continued engagement in only hobbies or only community activities, and continued engagement in both were associated with remained robust/frailty-status improvement. Moreover, not engaging in either hobbies or community activities was associated with remained frail/frailty-status deterioration. CONCLUSIONS During the early stages, the COVID-19 pandemic impacted the frailty of older adults in densely populated areas. The results also suggest an attenuation in the decline in older adult activity in 2022. Continuous engagement in hobbies and community activities was crucial for improving and preventing deterioration in frailty status during the COVID-19 pandemic. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2024; 24: 40-47.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamaki Hirose
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences, International University of Health and Welfare, Otawara, Japan
| | - Yohei Sawaya
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences, International University of Health and Welfare, Otawara, Japan
| | - Masahiro Ishizaka
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences, International University of Health and Welfare, Otawara, Japan
| | | | - Akira Kubo
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences at Odawara, International University of Health and Welfare, Odawara, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Urano
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, School of Medicine, International University of Health and Welfare, Narita, Japan
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18
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Uemura JI, Uno K, Hoshino A, Sano T, Tanikaga M, Tanaka M, Mizuno J. Pandemic-Induced Occupational Disruption and Association With Health in Japanese Community-Dwelling Older Adults. OTJR-OCCUPATION PARTICIPATION AND HEALTH 2023:15394492231215515. [PMID: 38059483 DOI: 10.1177/15394492231215515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic caused occupational disruption and adverse health outcomes in community-dwelling older adults. This study aimed to investigate the extent of occupational disruption in older adults and its relationship to health-related quality of life (QOL), depression, and frailty. In this cross-sectional study, retention rates in four activity domains and relationships with health outcomes were examined in Japanese older adults aged ≥65 years (n=163) using canonical correlation analysis (CCA) and mixed linear models. More than 25% of activities were restricted compared with the pre-pandemic period. CCA demonstrated correlations between four retention rates and health outcomes (canonical correlation = .42, p = .0003). Retention in instrumental and social activities independently predicted QOL and depression (p < .05). This study highlights that different activities may have different effects on health outcomes and can provide community occupational therapy practitioners with a perspective to assess occupational disruption and identify activities for intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Ichi Uemura
- Department of Integrated Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, Japan
| | - Kohei Uno
- Department of Integrated Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, Japan
| | - Aiko Hoshino
- Department of Integrated Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, Japan
| | - Tatsuhiko Sano
- Department of Integrated Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, Japan
| | - Miki Tanikaga
- Department of Occupational Therapy, College of Life Health Sciences, Chubu University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Masahiro Tanaka
- Department of Rehabilitation, Nihon Fukushi University, Handa, Japan
| | - Junpei Mizuno
- Graduate school of human and environmental studies, Kyoto University, Japan
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Hong B, Allam A, Heese O, Gerlach R, Gheewala H, Rosahl SK, Stoffel M, Ryang YM, Burger R, Carl B, Kristof RA, Westermaier T, Terzis J, Youssef F, Kuhlen R, Hohenstein S, Bollmann A, Dengler J. Trends in frailty in brain tumor care during the COVID-19 pandemic in a nationwide hospital network in Germany. Eur Geriatr Med 2023; 14:1383-1391. [PMID: 37955830 PMCID: PMC10754727 DOI: 10.1007/s41999-023-00880-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Among brain tumor patients, frailty is associated with poor outcomes. The COVID-19 pandemic has led to increased frailty in the general population. To date, evidence on changes in frailty among brain tumor patients during the pandemic is lacking. We aimed to compare frailty among brain tumor patients in Germany during the COVID-19 pandemic to the pre-pandemic era and to assess potential effects on brain tumor care. METHODS In this retrospective observational study, we compared frailty among brain tumor patients hospitalized during the COVID-19 pandemic in years 2020 through 2022 to pre-pandemic years 2016 through 2019 based on administrative data from a nationwide network of 78 hospitals in Germany. Using the Hospital Frailty Risk Score (HFRS), frailty was categorized as low, intermediate, or high. We examined changes in frailty, patient demographics, the burden of comorbidity, rates of surgery, and mortality rates for different frailty groups during the pandemic and compared them to pre-pandemic levels. RESULTS Of the 20,005 included hospitalizations for brain tumors, 7979 were during the pandemic (mean age 60.0 years (± 18.4); females: 49.8%), and 12,026 in the pre-pandemic period (mean age: 59.0 years [± 18.4]; females: 49.2%). Average daily admissions decreased from 8.2 (± 5.1) during pre-pandemic years to 7.3 (± 4.5) during the pandemic (p < 0.01). The overall median HFRS decreased from 3.1 (IQR: 0.9-7.3) during the pre-pandemic years to 2.6 (IQR: 0.3-6.8) during the pandemic (p < 0.01). At the same time, the Elixhauser Comorbidity Index (ECI) decreased from 17.0 (± 12.4) to 16.1 (± 12.0; p < 0.01), but to a larger degree among high compared to low frailty cases (by 1.8 vs. 0.3 points; p = 0.04). In the entire cohort, the mean length of stay was significantly shorter in the pandemic period (9.5 days [± 10.7]) compared with pre-pandemic levels (10.2 days [± 11.8]; p < 0.01) with similar differences in the three frailty groups. Rates of brain tumor resection increased from 29.9% in pre-pandemic years to 36.6% during the pandemic (p < 0.001) without differences between frailty levels. Rates of in-hospital mortality did not change during the pandemic (6.1% vs. 6.7%, p = 0.07), and there was no interaction with frailty. CONCLUSION Even though our findings are limited in that the HFRS is validated only for patients ≥ 75 years of age, our study among patients of all ages hospitalized for brain tumors in Germany suggests a marked decrease in levels of frailty and in the burden of comorbidities during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bujung Hong
- Department of Neurosurgery, HELIOS Hospital Bad Saarow, Bad Saarow, Germany
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane, Campus Bad Saarow, Pieskower Strasse 33, 15526, Bad Saarow, Germany
| | - Ali Allam
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, HELIOS Hospital Bad Saarow, Bad Saarow, Germany
- Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane, Campus Bad Saarow, Pieskower Strasse 33, 15526, Bad Saarow, Germany
| | - Oliver Heese
- Department of Neurosurgery, HELIOS Hospital Schwerin, Schwerin, Germany
| | - Rüdiger Gerlach
- Department of Neurosurgery, HELIOS Hospital Erfurt, Erfurt, Germany
| | - Hussain Gheewala
- Department of Neurosurgery, HELIOS Hospital Bad Saarow, Bad Saarow, Germany
- Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane, Campus Bad Saarow, Pieskower Strasse 33, 15526, Bad Saarow, Germany
| | - Steffen K Rosahl
- Department of Neurosurgery, HELIOS Hospital Erfurt, Erfurt, Germany
| | - Michael Stoffel
- Department of Neurosurgery, HELIOS Hospital Krefeld, Krefeld, Germany
| | - Yu-Mi Ryang
- Department of Neurosurgery and Center for Spine Therapy, HELIOS Hospital Berlin Buch, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Neurosurgery, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Ralf Burger
- Department of Neurosurgery, HELIOS Hospital Uelzen, Uelzen, Germany
| | - Barbara Carl
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
- Marburg Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior (MCMBB), Marburg, Germany
- Department of Neurosurgery, HELIOS Dr. Horst Schmidt Kliniken, Wiesbaden, Germany
| | - Rudolf A Kristof
- Department of Neurosurgery, HELIOS Hospital Meiningen, Meiningen, Germany
| | | | - Jorge Terzis
- Department of Neurosurgery, HELIOS University Hospital Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Farid Youssef
- Department of Neurosurgery, HELIOS Hospital Plauen, Plauen, Germany
| | | | - Sven Hohenstein
- Real World Evidence and Health Technology Assessment, Helios Health Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Bollmann
- Real World Evidence and Health Technology Assessment, Helios Health Institute, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Electrophysiology, Heart Center Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Julius Dengler
- Department of Neurosurgery, HELIOS Hospital Bad Saarow, Bad Saarow, Germany.
- Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane, Campus Bad Saarow, Pieskower Strasse 33, 15526, Bad Saarow, Germany.
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20
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Yang Y, Yang H, Diao Z, Liu X, Yao L, Wang L, Shi X, Li X, Ma Q. Frailty and Adverse Outcomes After SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Elderly Patients on Maintenance Hemodialysis: A Cohort Study. Clin Interv Aging 2023; 18:1937-1948. [PMID: 38020450 PMCID: PMC10680487 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s429226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Frailty is an important geriatric syndrome associated with aging and adverse events, especially in patients with severe infection. To help guide prognosis for elderly patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) who experience acute infection, this study investigated whether baseline (pre-infection) frailty may be associated with adverse outcomes in elderly patients undergoing MHD who suffer SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) infection. Patients and Methods Patients (aged ≥60 y) receiving MHD had been assessed for overall frailty and the 5 frailty components based on the Fried Frailty Phenotype scale within 3 months prior to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Results There were 59 and 98 patients in the frail and non-frail groups, respectively. Three months after SARS-CoV-2 infection, 21 (13.4%) and 45 (28.7%) patients had died or were in hospital. The multivariate COX proportional risk model suggested that the all-cause mortality rate in patients judged overall frail or with low activity was significantly higher compared with that of the non-frail (P = 0.049; 0.003). The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that hospitalization 3 months after SARS-CoV-2 infection was associated with both overall frailty and low activity (OR 2.276, 95% CI: 1.034-5.010, P = 0.041; OR 2.809, 95% CI: 1.311-6.020, P = 0.008, respectively). Conclusion Overall frailty and specifically low activity were significantly associated with all-cause mortality and hospitalization in this elderly MHD population after SARS-CoV-2 infection. Early assessment of frailty and effective interventions are recommended to improve the prognosis of patients receiving MHD who are at higher risk of acute infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Yang
- Department of Geriatrics, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huayu Yang
- Department of Geriatrics, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zongli Diao
- Department of Nephrology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xu Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lan Yao
- Department of Geriatrics, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liyan Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaotian Shi
- Department of Geriatrics, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xu Li
- Department of Geriatrics, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qing Ma
- Department of Geriatrics, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
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21
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Zenba Y, Kobayashi A, Imai T. Psychological distress is affected by fear of COVID-19 via lifestyle disruption and leisure restriction among older adults in Japan: a cross-sectional study. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1264088. [PMID: 38026356 PMCID: PMC10643141 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1264088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Engaging in social activities is an essential component of a healthy lifestyle for community-dwelling older adults. Critically, as with past disasters, there is concern about the effects of long-term activity restrictions due to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on health of older adults. However, the precise associations between fear of COVID-19, lifestyle satisfaction, leisure activities, and psychological distress are unclear. Objective The purpose of this study was to comprehensively determine the associations between fear of COVID-19, lifestyle satisfaction, leisure engagement, and psychological distress among community-dwelling older adults in the context of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Materials and methods A questionnaire survey administered by mail was conducted from October 1 to October 15, 2021. The questionnaire included the Fear of COVID-19 Scale, the Lifestyle Satisfaction Scale, the Leisure Activity Scale for Contemporary Older Adults, and the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale-6. Based on previous studies, we developed a hypothetical model for the association between fear of COVID-19, lifestyle satisfaction, leisure engagement, and psychological distress and performed structural equation modeling to assess the relationships between these variables. Results Participants included 301 Japanese citizens (23.6% male, 76.4% female), with a mean age of 76.7 ± 4.58 years. Goodness-of-fit from structural equation modeling was generally good. Analysis of standardized coefficients revealed a significant positive relationship between fear of COVID-19 and psychological distress (β = 0.33, p < 0.001) and lifestyle satisfaction and leisure activities (β = 0.35, p < 0.001). We further observed a significant negative relationship between fear of COVID-19 and lifestyle satisfaction (β = -0.23, p < 0.001) and between leisure activities and psychological distress (β = -0.33, p < 0.001). Conclusion Fear of COVID-19 is significantly associated with psychological distress, both directly and via its effects on lifestyle satisfaction and leisure activities. That is, not only did fear of COVID-19 directly impact psychological distress of participants, it also affected psychological distress through lifestyle disruption and leisure restriction. This results may be used to better understand how a national emergency that substantially restricts daily life, such as COVID-19 or an earthquake disaster, can affect the psychological health and wellbeing of older, community-dwelling adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosuke Zenba
- Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Allied Health Sciences, Kitasato University, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Akihiro Kobayashi
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation, Gunma University of Health and Welfare, Gunma, Japan
| | - Tadanori Imai
- Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Allied Health Sciences, Kitasato University, Kanagawa, Japan
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22
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König M, Gollasch M, Komleva Y. Frailty after COVID-19: The wave after? Aging Med (Milton) 2023; 6:307-316. [PMID: 37711259 PMCID: PMC10498835 DOI: 10.1002/agm2.12258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic poses an ongoing public health challenge, with a focus on older adults. Given the large number of older persons who have recovered from COVID-19 and reports of long-lasting sequelae, there is reasonable concern that the COVID-19 pandemic may lead to a long-term deterioration in the health of older adults, i.e., a potential "wave of frailty." Therefore, it is critical to better understand the circumstances surrounding the development of frailty as a result of COVID-19, as well as the underlying mechanisms and factors contributing to this development. We conducted a narrative review of the most relevant articles published on the association between COVID-19 and frailty through January 2023. Although few studies to date have addressed the effects of COVID-19 on the onset and progression of frailty, the available data suggest that there is indeed an increase in frailty in the elderly as a result of COVID-19. Regarding the underlying mechanisms, a multicausal genesis can be assumed, involving both direct viral effects and indirect effects, particularly from the imposed lockdowns with devastating consequences for the elderly: decreased physical activity, altered diet, sarcopenia, fatigue, social isolation, neurological problems, inflammation, and cardiovascular morbidity are among the possible mediators. Since the COVID-19 pandemic is leading to an increase in frailty in the elderly, there is an urgent need to raise awareness of this still little-known problem of potentially great public health importance and to find appropriate prevention and treatment measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian König
- Altersmedizinisches Zentrum, Kreiskrankenhaus WolgastWolgastGermany
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin D – GeriatrieUniversitätsmedizin GreifswaldGreifswaldGermany
| | - Maik Gollasch
- Altersmedizinisches Zentrum, Kreiskrankenhaus WolgastWolgastGermany
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin D – GeriatrieUniversitätsmedizin GreifswaldGreifswaldGermany
| | - Yulia Komleva
- Altersmedizinisches Zentrum, Kreiskrankenhaus WolgastWolgastGermany
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin D – GeriatrieUniversitätsmedizin GreifswaldGreifswaldGermany
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23
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Okpara C, Ioannidis G, Thabane L, Adachi JD, Rabinovich A, Hewston P, Lee J, McArthur C, Kennedy C, Woo T, Boulos P, Bobba R, Wang M, Thrall S, Mangin D, Marr S, Armstrong D, Patterson C, Bray S, de Wit K, Maharaj S, Misiaszek B, Sookhoo JB, Thompson K, Papaioannou A. The Geras virtual frailty rehabilitation program to build resilience in older adults with frailty during COVID-19: a randomized feasibility trial. Pilot Feasibility Stud 2023; 9:124. [PMID: 37461117 PMCID: PMC10351184 DOI: 10.1186/s40814-023-01346-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has exacerbated the risk for poor physical and mental health outcomes among vulnerable older adults. Multicomponent interventions could potentially prevent or reduce the risk of becoming frail; however, there is limited evidence about utilizing alternative modes of delivery where access to in-person care may be challenging. This randomized feasibility trial aimed to understand how a multicomponent rehabilitation program can be delivered remotely to vulnerable older adults with frailty during the pandemic. METHODS Participants were randomized to either a multimodal or socialization arm. Over a 12-week intervention period, the multimodal group received virtual care at home, which included twice-weekly exercise in small group physiotherapy-led live-streamed sessions, nutrition counselling and protein supplementation, medication consultation via a videoconference app, and once-weekly phone calls from student volunteers, while the socialization group received only once-weekly phone calls from the volunteers. The RE-AIM (Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation and Maintenance) framework was used to evaluate the feasibility of the program. The main clinical outcomes were change in the 5-times sit-to-stand test (5 × STS) and Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21) scores. The feasibility outcomes were analyzed using descriptive statistics and expressed as frequencies and mean percent with corresponding confidence intervals (CI). Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was used for the effectiveness component. RESULTS The program enrolled 33% (n = 72) of referrals to the study (n = 220), of whom 70 were randomized. Adoption rates from different referral sources were community self-referrals (60%), community organizations (33%), and healthcare providers (25%). At the provider level, implementation rates varied from 75 to 100% for different aspects of program delivery. Participant's adherence levels included virtual exercise sessions 81% (95% CI: 75-88%), home-based exercise 50% (95% CI: 38-62%), protein supplements consumption 68% (95% CI: 55-80%), and medication optimization 38% (95% CI: 21-59%). Most participants (85%) were satisfied with the program. There were no significant changes in clinical outcomes between the two arms. CONCLUSION The GERAS virtual frailty rehabilitation study for community-dwelling older adults living with frailty was feasible in terms of reach of participants, adoption across referral settings, adherence to implementation, and participant's intention to maintain the program. This program could be feasibly delivered to improve access to socially isolated older adults where barriers to in-person participation exist. However, trials with larger samples and longer follow-up are required to demonstrate effectiveness and sustained behavior change. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04500366. Registered August 5, 2020, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04500366.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chinenye Okpara
- Department of Health Research Methodology, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON Canada
| | - George Ioannidis
- Department of Health Research Methodology, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON Canada
- Geras Centre for Aging Research, Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, ON Canada
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON Canada
| | - Lehana Thabane
- Department of Health Research Methodology, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON Canada
- The Research Institute of St Joseph’s Healthcare, Hamilton, ON Canada
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | | | | | - Patricia Hewston
- Geras Centre for Aging Research, Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, ON Canada
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON Canada
| | - Justin Lee
- Geras Centre for Aging Research, Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, ON Canada
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON Canada
| | - Caitlin McArthur
- Geras Centre for Aging Research, Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, ON Canada
- School of Physiotherapy, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS Canada
| | - Courtney Kennedy
- Geras Centre for Aging Research, Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, ON Canada
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON Canada
| | - Tricia Woo
- Geras Centre for Aging Research, Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, ON Canada
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON Canada
| | - Pauline Boulos
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON Canada
| | - Raja Bobba
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON Canada
| | - Mimi Wang
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON Canada
| | - Samuel Thrall
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON Canada
| | - Derelie Mangin
- Department of Family Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON Canada
| | - Sharon Marr
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Hamilton, ON Canada
| | - David Armstrong
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON Canada
| | | | - Steven Bray
- Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON Canada
| | - Kerstin de Wit
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON Canada
| | - Shyam Maharaj
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON Canada
| | - Brian Misiaszek
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON Canada
| | | | - Karen Thompson
- Geras Centre for Aging Research, Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, ON Canada
| | - Alexandra Papaioannou
- Department of Health Research Methodology, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON Canada
- Geras Centre for Aging Research, Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, ON Canada
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON Canada
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24
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Kawamura K, Osawa A, Tanimoto M, Kagaya H, Matsuura T, Arai H. Clinical frailty scale is useful in predicting return-to-home in patients admitted due to coronavirus disease. BMC Geriatr 2023; 23:433. [PMID: 37442988 PMCID: PMC10347876 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-023-04133-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The spread of the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection has been prolonged, with the highly contagious Omicron variant becoming the predominant variant by 2022. Many patients admitted to dedicated coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) wards (COVID-19 treatment units) develop disuse syndrome while being treated in the hospital, and their ability to perform activities of daily living declines, making it difficult for hospitals to discharge them. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the degree of frailty and home discharge of patients admitted to a COVID-19 treatment units. METHODS This study retrospectively examined the in-patient medical records of 138 patients (82.7 ± 7.6 years old) admitted to a COVID-19 treatment unit from January to December 2022. The end-point was to determine the patients' ability to be discharged from the unit directly to home; such patients were classified into the 'Home discharge' group and compared with those in the 'Difficulty in discharge' group. The degree of frailty was determined based on the Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS), and the relationship with the endpoint was analysed. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was created and the cut-off value was calculated with the possibility of home discharge as the state variable and CFS as the test variable. Logistic regression analysis was conducted with the possibility of home discharge as the dependent variable and CFS as the independent variable. RESULTS There were 75 patients in the Home discharge group and 63 in the Difficulty in discharge group. ROC analysis showed a CFS cut-off value of 6 or more, with a sensitivity of 70.7% and a specificity of 84.1%. The results of the logistic regression analysis showed a significant correlation between possibility of home discharge and CFS even after adjusting for covariates, with an odds ratio of 13.44. CONCLUSIONS Based on the evaluation of the degree of frailty conducted in the COVID-19 treatment unit, it was possible to accurately predict whether a patient could be discharged directly to home after treatment CFS could be an effective screening tool to easily detect patients requiring ongoing hospitalisation even after the acute phase of treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koki Kawamura
- National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka-cho, Obu, 474-8511, Aichi, Japan.
| | - Aiko Osawa
- National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka-cho, Obu, 474-8511, Aichi, Japan
| | - Masanori Tanimoto
- National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka-cho, Obu, 474-8511, Aichi, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Kagaya
- National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka-cho, Obu, 474-8511, Aichi, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Matsuura
- National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka-cho, Obu, 474-8511, Aichi, Japan
| | - Hidenori Arai
- National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka-cho, Obu, 474-8511, Aichi, Japan
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25
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Crnković I, Lončarek K, Železnik D, Ledinski Fičko S, Vlahović T, Režan R, Knežević G. Relationships between Physical Activity and Selected Chronic Diseases among Functionally Independent Long-Term Care Residents during the Post-Lockdown Period in Croatia. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:6301. [PMID: 37444148 PMCID: PMC10341333 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20136301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this observational study was to investigate the level and association of physical activity and selected chronic diseases in functionally independent LTC residents after prolonged physical and social isolation during COVID-19 in Croatia. Adhering to the inclusion criteria, 180 functionally independent residents were included in the study. Assessment of physical activity was carried out by 7-day motor monitoring. Prolonged physical and social isolation negatively affected the achieved level of physical activity of LTC residents (x¯ = 5058.74). Major depressive disorder resulted in significantly lower residents' physical activity scores, demonstrating a shrinking effect ranging from 0.42 to 0.45. A significant negative impact on the residents' physical activity was also found in the presence of osteoarthritis and iron deficiency anemia, where a downward effect was present in the range from 0.66-0.72 and 0.64 to 0.66. The presence of comorbidities has a significant negative impact on the residents' physical activity, where a downward effect is present in the range from 0.91-0.92.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Crnković
- Department of Physiotherapy, University of Applied Health Sciences, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Karmen Lončarek
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, 51 000 Rijeka, Croatia;
| | - Danica Železnik
- Faculty of Health and Social Sciences Slovenj Gradec, 2 380 Slovenj Gradec, Slovenia
| | - Sanja Ledinski Fičko
- Department of Nursing, University of Applied Health Sciences Zagreb, Mlinarska cesta 38, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Tomislav Vlahović
- Clinic for Traumatology, Clinical Hospital Center Sestre Milosrdnice, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Applied Health Sciences, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Robert Režan
- Clinical Hospital Center Zagreb, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Goran Knežević
- Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Zagreb, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
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26
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Watanuki S, Kayama M. Foreseeing the unforeseen: Towards mental health and gerontic nursing perspectives. Glob Health Med 2023; 5:125-127. [PMID: 37397951 PMCID: PMC10311672 DOI: 10.35772/ghm.2023.01068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
With the theme of "Foreseeing the Unforeseen: Towards a New Era of Nursing", this special issue on nursing includes a variety of articles from different countries and institutions. Several key features of this issue include: i) the impact and responses/countermeasures to the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic; ii) innovative nursing practice, management, education, research, and policy in response to the issues raised; iii) nursing toward a low fertility and a super-aged society, internationalization, or cultural diversity; and iv) human resource development, systems development, and policy recommendations for health, medical care, and welfare in the next era. In this Editorial article, we summarize the issues during the COVID-19 pandemic and the implications for the next era, particularly in the fields of mental health and gerontic nursing. We also provide several perspectives on mental health issues in the general population and for nurses, as well as gerontic nursing issues related to older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigeaki Watanuki
- Address correspondence to:Shigeaki Watanuki and Mami Kayama, National College of Nursing, Japan, 1-2-1 Umezono, Kiyose-City, Tokyo 204-8575, Japan. E-mail: (SW), . ac.jp (MK)
| | - Mami Kayama
- Address correspondence to:Shigeaki Watanuki and Mami Kayama, National College of Nursing, Japan, 1-2-1 Umezono, Kiyose-City, Tokyo 204-8575, Japan. E-mail: (SW), . ac.jp (MK)
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Son BK, Miura T, Yabu KI, Sumikawa Y, Kim D, Lyu W, Yang Y, Tanaka M, Tanaka T, Yoshizawa Y, Iijima K. The Co-Design/Co-Development and Evaluation of an Online Frailty Check Application for Older Adults: Participatory Action Research with Older Adults. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:6101. [PMID: 37372688 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20126101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Frailty is an age-related condition characterized by a decline in physical capacity with an increased vulnerability to stressors. During the COVID-19 pandemic, there was considerable progression in frailty in older adults. Therefore, an online frailty check (FC) is required for continuous screening, especially acceptable to older adults. We aimed to co-design/co-develop an online FC application with FC supporters who were facilitators in a pre-existing onsite FC program in the community. It consisted of a self-assessment of sarcopenia and an 11-item questionnaire assessing dietary, physical, and social behaviors. Opinions obtained from FC supporters (median 74.0 years) were categorized and implemented. The usability was assessed using the system usability scale (SUS). For both FC supporters and participants (n = 43), the mean score was 70.2 ± 10.3 points, which implied a "marginally high" acceptability and a "good" adjective range. Multiple regression analysis showed that the SUS score was significantly correlated with onsite-online reliability, even after adjusting for age, sex, education level, and ICT proficiency (b = 0.400, 95% CI: 0.243-1.951, p = 0.013). We also validated the online FC score, which showed a significant association between onsite and online FC scores (R = 0.670, p = 0.001). In conclusion, the online FC application is an acceptable and reliable tool to check frailty for community-dwelling older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Kyung Son
- Institute of Gerontology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
- Institute for Future Initiatives, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Takahiro Miura
- Institute of Gerontology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
- Human Augmentation Research Center (HARC), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Kashiwa 277-0882, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichiro Yabu
- Institute of Gerontology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
- Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology (RCAST), The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan
| | - Yuka Sumikawa
- Division of Health Sciences and Nursing, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Dongyool Kim
- Department of Agribusiness Management, Faculty of International Agriculture and Food Studies, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Tokyo 156-8502, Japan
| | - Weida Lyu
- Institute of Gerontology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Yingxue Yang
- Graduate School of Education, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Moeko Tanaka
- Division of Health Sciences and Nursing, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Tomoki Tanaka
- Institute of Gerontology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Yasuyo Yoshizawa
- Institute of Gerontology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Katsuya Iijima
- Institute of Gerontology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
- Institute for Future Initiatives, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
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Chiba I, Takahashi M, Lee S, Bae S, Makino K, Katayama O, Harada K, Tomida K, Morikawa M, Yamashiro Y, Takayanagi N, Sudo M, Shimada H. Association between COVID-19 emergency declarations and physical activity among community-dwelling older adults enrolled in a physical activity measurement program: Evidence from a retrospective observational study using the regression discontinuity design. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:998. [PMID: 37254091 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-15932-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The current study examines the negative impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) emergency declarations on physical activity among the community-dwelling older adults, the participants of a physical activity measurement program, in Japan. METHODS This retrospective observational study included 1,773 community-dwelling older adults (aged 74.6 ± 6.3 years, 53.9% women) who had participated in the physical activity measurement project from February 2020 to July 2021. We measured physical activity using a tri-axial accelerometer during 547 consecutive days. Three emergency declarations, requesting people to avoid going outside, occurred during the observational period. We multiply-imputed missing values for daily physical activity, such as steps, light physical activity (LPA), and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) for several patterns of datasets according to the maximum missing rates on a person level. We mainly report the results based on less than 50% of the maximum missing rate (n = 1,056). Other results are reported in the supplemental file. Changes in physical activity before and after the start of each emergency declaration were examined by the regression discontinuity design (RDD) within 14-, 28-, and 56-day bandwidths. RESULTS For all the participants in the multiply-imputed data with the 14-day bandwidth, steps (coefficients [[Formula: see text]][Formula: see text] 964.3 steps), LPA ([Formula: see text] 5.5 min), and MVPA ([Formula: see text] 4.9 min) increased after the first emergency declaration. However, the effects were attenuated as the RDD bandwidths were widened. No consistent negative impact was observed after the second and third declarations. After the second declaration, steps ([Formula: see text]-609.7 steps), LPA ([Formula: see text]-4.6 min), and MVPA ([Formula: see text]-2.8 min) decreased with the 14-day bandwidth. On the other hand, steps ([Formula: see text] 143.8 steps) and MVPA ([Formula: see text] 1.3 min) increased with the 56-day bandwidth. For the third declaration, LPA consistently decreased with all the bandwidths ([Formula: see text]-2.1, -3.0, -0.8 min for the 14, 28, 56-day bandwidth), whereas steps ([Formula: see text]-529 steps) and MVPA ([Formula: see text]-2.6 min) decreased only with the 28-day bandwidth. CONCLUSIONS For the community-dwelling older adults who regularly self-monitor their physical activity, the current study concludes that there is no evidence of consistently negative impacts of the emergency declarations by the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ippei Chiba
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Centre for Gerontology and Social Science, National Centre for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430, Morioka-Cho, Obu City, Aichi, 474-8511, Japan.
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8573, Japan.
| | - Masayoshi Takahashi
- School of Information and Data Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo, Nagasaki City, , 852-8521, Japan.
| | - Sangyoon Lee
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Centre for Gerontology and Social Science, National Centre for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430, Morioka-Cho, Obu City, Aichi, 474-8511, Japan
| | - Seongryu Bae
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Centre for Gerontology and Social Science, National Centre for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430, Morioka-Cho, Obu City, Aichi, 474-8511, Japan
- Department of Health Care and Science, Dong-A University, Nakdong Dae-Ro 550-37, Saha-Gu, Busan, 49315, Korea
| | - Keitaro Makino
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Centre for Gerontology and Social Science, National Centre for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430, Morioka-Cho, Obu City, Aichi, 474-8511, Japan
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Chiyoda-Ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Osamu Katayama
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Centre for Gerontology and Social Science, National Centre for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430, Morioka-Cho, Obu City, Aichi, 474-8511, Japan
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Chiyoda-Ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenji Harada
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Centre for Gerontology and Social Science, National Centre for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430, Morioka-Cho, Obu City, Aichi, 474-8511, Japan
| | - Kouki Tomida
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Centre for Gerontology and Social Science, National Centre for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430, Morioka-Cho, Obu City, Aichi, 474-8511, Japan
| | - Masanori Morikawa
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Centre for Gerontology and Social Science, National Centre for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430, Morioka-Cho, Obu City, Aichi, 474-8511, Japan
| | - Yukari Yamashiro
- Tokyo Research Laboratories, Kao Corporation, Sumida-Ku, Tokyo, 131-8501, Japan
| | - Naoto Takayanagi
- Tokyo Research Laboratories, Kao Corporation, Sumida-Ku, Tokyo, 131-8501, Japan
| | - Motoki Sudo
- Tokyo Research Laboratories, Kao Corporation, Sumida-Ku, Tokyo, 131-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Shimada
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Centre for Gerontology and Social Science, National Centre for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430, Morioka-Cho, Obu City, Aichi, 474-8511, Japan
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Nakamura S, Kawagishi Y, Kikushima A, Muto A, Suda Y, Gohara K, Takeda S. Acute hypercapnic respiratory failure in patients with obesity hypoventilation syndrome during the COVID-19 pandemic: Four case reports. Respirol Case Rep 2023; 11:e01151. [PMID: 37090910 PMCID: PMC10116399 DOI: 10.1002/rcr2.1151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity hypoventilation syndrome (OHS) can cause acute hypercapnic respiratory failure (AHRF). The onset of AHRF in four patients with OHS during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is reported in this study. Two men (23 and 45 years old) and two women (both 77 years old) presented to our hospital with AHRF. In the two elderly women, a prolonged supine position due to falls seemed to be the cause of AHRF. Treatment was started with bilevel positive airway pressure for all patients. While one patient died, the condition of the other three improved; they were discharged with continuous positive airway pressure. AHRF due to OHS was rarely reported in the rural region of Japan. It is suggested that increased rates of obesity due to lifestyle changes during the COVID-19 pandemic may be responsible for an increase in the prevalence of OHS-associated AHRF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sato Nakamura
- Department of Respiratory MedicineKurobe City HospitalKurobeJapan
| | - Yukio Kawagishi
- Department of Respiratory MedicineKurobe City HospitalKurobeJapan
| | | | - Atsushi Muto
- Department of Respiratory MedicineKurobe City HospitalKurobeJapan
| | - Yoshifumi Suda
- Department of Respiratory MedicineKurobe City HospitalKurobeJapan
| | - Kazuki Gohara
- Department of Respiratory MedicineKurobe City HospitalKurobeJapan
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30
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Kitayama T, Tsuji T, Mikami K, Usui N, Emori R, Maruyama Y, Harada T. Characteristics and Related Factors of One-year Transition in Exercise Tolerance Following an Emergency Declaration due to the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic in Patients on Phase III Cardiac Rehabilitation. Phys Ther Res 2023; 26:50-57. [PMID: 37621572 PMCID: PMC10445121 DOI: 10.1298/ptr.e10232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to understand the long-term transition of exercise tolerance in patients on phase III cardiac rehabilitation (CR) and clarify the characteristics of patients with a high risk of declined exercise tolerance during the first emergency declaration. METHODS Patients who participated in phase III outpatient CR before the first emergency declaration and those who performed cardiopulmonary exercise testing were at ≥2-time points: before and at 3 or 12 months post-emergency declaration. Exercise tolerance transition at 3-time points was analyzed, and whether different social background factors affected the peak oxygen uptake (V̇O2) transition method remains to be examined. RESULTS A total of 101 (median age 74.0 years, 69% men), and both peak V̇O2 and anaerobic threshold (AT) significantly declined from pre-declaration to 3 months post-declaration but recovered to levels likely similar from pre-declaration at 12 months (peak V̇O2: from 17.3 to 16.7 to 18.7 mL/min/kg; AT: from 11.8 to 11.2 to 11.6 mL/min/kg). Further, patients with multiple comorbidities at pre-declaration had a significantly lower peak V̇O2 at 3 months (-1.0 mL/min/kg, p = 0.025) and it remained significantly low in those with a slower gait speed at 12 months after lifting the emergency declaration (-2.5 mL/min/kg, p = 0.009). CONCLUSION The emergency declaration declined the exercise tolerance in patients on phase III CR but improved to pre- declaration levels over time, but more likely declined in patients with multiple comorbidities during pre-declaration and those with low-gait speeds were less likely to improve their declined exercise tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Taishi Tsuji
- Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Kenta Mikami
- Department of Rehabilitation, Iwatsuki Minami Hospital, Japan
| | - Naoto Usui
- Department of Rehabilitation, Kisen Hospital, Japan
- Department of Nephrology, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Japan
| | - Ryo Emori
- Department of Rehabilitation, Sonoda Third Hospital, Japan
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31
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Iwamoto Y, Nakanishi S, Iwamoto H, Sanada J, Fushimi Y, Katakura Y, Kimura T, Tatsumi F, Shimoda M, Mune T, Kaku K, Kaneto H. Influence of Nutritional Guidance/Consulting on Glycemic Control during the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Intern Med 2023; 62:833-838. [PMID: 36631097 PMCID: PMC10076136 DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.1055-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has led to a global restriction of public behavior due to lockdowns in various major cities. Lifestyle changes and reduced rates of outpatient lifestyle guidance/consulting may have had some impact on glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes. This study analyzed the impact of changes in the frequency of nutritional guidance/consulting (NGC) during the COVID-19 pandemic on outpatient care for type 2 diabetes. Methods Among 785 patients, 67 who received regular NGC during the COVID-19 pandemic were assigned to the continuation group (CG), 143 whose NGC was discontinued after the pandemic were assigned to the discontinuation group (DG), and 575 who did not receive regular NGC regardless of the COVID-19 pandemic status were assigned to the irregular NGC group (IGG). The three groups were followed up for two years. Analyses among the three categories were performed using the chi-square test or an analysis of covariance. Results The number of diabetes medications after the declaration of the COVID-19 emergency did not markedly increase in the CG (2.0±1.4 to 2.1±1.5, p>0.05) but significantly increased from 2.2±1.4 to 2.6±1.4 in the DG (p<0.005) and from 2.2±1.4 to 2.4±1.4 in the IGG (p<0.005). The increase in HbA1c adjusted for confounders was unchanged at 0.12±1.06% for the CG and -0.07±1.29% for the IGG but was significantly increased at 0.19±1.49% for the DG (p<0.05). Conclusion In patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, regular nutritional guidance may be important for maintaining good glycemic control, even during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuichiro Iwamoto
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kawasaki Medical School, Japan
| | - Shuhei Nakanishi
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kawasaki Medical School, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Iwamoto
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kawasaki Medical School, Japan
| | - Junpei Sanada
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kawasaki Medical School, Japan
| | - Yoshiro Fushimi
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kawasaki Medical School, Japan
| | - Yukino Katakura
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kawasaki Medical School, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Kimura
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kawasaki Medical School, Japan
| | - Fuminori Tatsumi
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kawasaki Medical School, Japan
| | - Masashi Shimoda
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kawasaki Medical School, Japan
| | - Tomoatsu Mune
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kawasaki Medical School, Japan
| | - Kohei Kaku
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kawasaki Medical School, Japan
| | - Hideaki Kaneto
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kawasaki Medical School, Japan
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32
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Matsumoto C, Shibata S, Kishi T, Morimoto S, Mogi M, Yamamoto K, Kobayashi K, Tanaka M, Asayama K, Yamamoto E, Nakagami H, Hoshide S, Mukoyama M, Kario K, Node K, Rakugi H. Long COVID and hypertension-related disorders: a report from the Japanese Society of Hypertension Project Team on COVID-19. Hypertens Res 2023; 46:601-619. [PMID: 36575228 PMCID: PMC9793823 DOI: 10.1038/s41440-022-01145-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) affects infected patients even after the acute phase and impairs their health and quality of life by causing a wide variety of symptoms, referred to as long COVID. Although the evidence is still insufficient, hypertension is suspected to be a potential risk factor for long COVID, and the occurrence of cardiovascular diseases seems to be a key facet of multiple conditions observed in long COVID. Nonetheless, there are few reports that comprehensively review the impacts of long COVID on hypertension and related disorders. As a sequel to our previous report in 2020 which reviewed the association of COVID-19 and hypertension, we summarize the possible influences of long COVID on hypertension-related organs, including the cardiovascular system, kidney, and endocrine system, as well as the pathophysiological mechanisms associated with the disorders in this review. Given that the clinical course of COVID-19 is highly affected by age and sex, we also review the impacts of these factors on long COVID. Lastly, we discuss areas of uncertainty and future directions, which may lead to better understanding and improved prognosis of clinical problems associated with COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chisa Matsumoto
- Department of Cardiology, Preventive medicine, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Shigeru Shibata
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Takuya Kishi
- Department of Graduate School of Medicine (Cardiology), International University of Health and Welfare, Okawa, Japan
| | - Satoshi Morimoto
- Department of Endocrinology and Hypertension, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaki Mogi
- Department of Pharmacology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Japan
| | - Koichi Yamamoto
- Department of Geriatric and General Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazuo Kobayashi
- Department of Medical Science and Cardiorenal Medicine, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan.,Kobayashi Internal Medicine Clinic, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Masami Tanaka
- Department of Internal Medicine, Adachi Medical Center, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kei Asayama
- Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Eiichiro Yamamoto
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Hironori Nakagami
- Department of Health Development and Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.,Center for Infectious Disease Education and Research, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Satoshi Hoshide
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Masashi Mukoyama
- Department of Nephrology, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Kazuomi Kario
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Koichi Node
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Hiromi Rakugi
- Department of Geriatric and General Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
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33
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Suzumura S, Ito K, Narukawa R, Kawamura K, Kamiya M, Osawa A, Kondo I. Self-exercise training instructional items and continuation rates in patients with cerebrovascular disease post-discharge. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2023; 23:251-252. [PMID: 36788711 DOI: 10.1111/ggi.14564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shota Suzumura
- Faculty of Rehabilitation, School of Health Sciences, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan.,Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Kei Ito
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Rie Narukawa
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Koki Kawamura
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Masaki Kamiya
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Aiko Osawa
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Izumi Kondo
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
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34
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Igarashi T, Takeda R, Tani Y, Takahashi N, Ono T, Ishii Y, Hayashi S, Usuda S. Predictive discriminative accuracy of walking abilities at discharge for community ambulation levels at 6 months post-discharge among inpatients with subacute stroke. J Phys Ther Sci 2023; 35:257-264. [PMID: 36866018 PMCID: PMC9974317 DOI: 10.1589/jpts.35.257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
[Purpose] This study aimed to compare the predictive accuracy of walking ability at discharge among subacute stroke inpatients at 6 months post-discharge in terms of community ambulation level and establish optimal cut-off values. [Participants and Methods] This prospective observational study included 78 patients who completed follow-up assessments. Patients were classified into three groups based on the Modified Functional Walking Category (household/most limited community walkers, least limited community walkers, and unlimited community walkers) obtained by telephone survey at 6 months post-discharge. Predictive accuracy and cut-off values for discriminating among groups were calculated from 6-minute walking distance and comfortable walking speed measured at the time of discharge using receiver operating characteristic curves. [Results] Between household/most limited and least limited community walkers, 6-minute walking distance and comfortable walking speed offered similar predictive accuracy (area under the curve, 0.6-0.7), with cut-off values of 195 m and 0.56 m/s, respectively. Between least limited and unlimited community walkers, the areas under the curve were 0.896 for 6-minute walking distance and 0.844 for comfortable walking speed, with cut-off values of 299 m and 0.94 m/s, respectively. [Conclusion] Walking endurance and walking speed among inpatients with subacute stroke provided superior predictive accuracy for unlimited community walkers at 6 months post-discharge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuya Igarashi
- Physical Therapy Division, Department of Rehabilitation,
Numata Neurosurgery and Cardiovascular Hospital: 8 Sakaecho, Numata-shi, Gunma 378-0014,
Japan, Gunma University Graduate School of Health Sciences,
Japan,Corresponding author. Tatsuya Igarashi (E-mail: )
| | - Ren Takeda
- Physical Therapy Division, Department of Rehabilitation,
Numata Neurosurgery and Cardiovascular Hospital: 8 Sakaecho, Numata-shi, Gunma 378-0014,
Japan, Gunma University Graduate School of Health Sciences,
Japan
| | - Yuta Tani
- Physical Therapy Division, Department of Rehabilitation,
Numata Neurosurgery and Cardiovascular Hospital: 8 Sakaecho, Numata-shi, Gunma 378-0014,
Japan, Gunma University Graduate School of Health Sciences,
Japan
| | - Naoya Takahashi
- Physical Therapy Division, Department of Rehabilitation,
Numata Neurosurgery and Cardiovascular Hospital: 8 Sakaecho, Numata-shi, Gunma 378-0014,
Japan
| | - Takuto Ono
- Physical Therapy Division, Department of Rehabilitation,
Numata Neurosurgery and Cardiovascular Hospital: 8 Sakaecho, Numata-shi, Gunma 378-0014,
Japan
| | | | - Shota Hayashi
- Department of Physical Therapy, Gunma Paz University,
Japan
| | - Shigeru Usuda
- Gunma University Graduate School of Health Sciences,
Japan
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35
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Saito H, Sato M, Kobayashi M, Saito T, Shimura T, Yotsumoto K, Hanai Y, Tanizaki Y, Usuda S. Predictors of life-space mobility in patients with fracture 3 months after discharge from convalescent rehabilitation ward: a prospective longitudinal study. J Phys Ther Sci 2023; 35:223-229. [PMID: 36866010 PMCID: PMC9974330 DOI: 10.1589/jpts.35.223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
[Purpose] To identify predictors of life-space mobility in patients with fracture three months after discharge from convalescent rehabilitation ward. [Participants and Methods] This is a prospective longitudinal study that included patients aged 65 or older with a fracture who were scheduled for discharge home from the convalescent rehabilitation ward. Baseline measurements included sociodemographic variables (age, gender, and disease), the Falls Efficacy Scale-International, maximum walking speed, the Timed Up & Go test, the Berg Balance Scale, the modified Elderly Mobility Scale, the Functional Independence Measure, the revised version of Hasegawa's Dementia Scale, and the Vitality Index up to two weeks before discharge. As a follow-up, the life-space assessment was measured three months after discharge. In the statistical analysis, multiple linear and logistic regression analyses were performed with the life-space assessment score and the life-space level of "places outside your town" as dependent variables. [Results] The Falls Efficacy Scale-International, the modified Elderly Mobility Scale, age, and gender were selected as predictors in the multiple linear regression analysis, whereas in the multiple logistic regression analysis, the Falls Efficacy Scale-International, age, and gender were selected as predictors. [Conclusion] Our study emphasized the importance of fall-related self-efficacy and motor function for life-space mobility. The findings of this study suggest that when considering post-discharge living, therapists should conduct an appropriate assessment and adequate planning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Saito
- Geriatrics Research Institute and Hospital: 3-26-8
Ootomo-machi, Maebashi-shi, Gunma 371-0847, Japan, Gunma University Graduate School of Health Sciences,
Japan,Corresponding author. Hiroyuki Saito (E-mail: )
| | - Miyuki Sato
- Geriatrics Research Institute and Hospital: 3-26-8
Ootomo-machi, Maebashi-shi, Gunma 371-0847, Japan
| | - Masaki Kobayashi
- Geriatrics Research Institute and Hospital: 3-26-8
Ootomo-machi, Maebashi-shi, Gunma 371-0847, Japan
| | - Toru Saito
- Geriatrics Research Institute and Hospital: 3-26-8
Ootomo-machi, Maebashi-shi, Gunma 371-0847, Japan
| | - Takafumi Shimura
- Geriatrics Research Institute and Hospital: 3-26-8
Ootomo-machi, Maebashi-shi, Gunma 371-0847, Japan
| | - Kentaro Yotsumoto
- Geriatrics Research Institute and Hospital: 3-26-8
Ootomo-machi, Maebashi-shi, Gunma 371-0847, Japan
| | - Yota Hanai
- Geriatrics Research Institute and Hospital: 3-26-8
Ootomo-machi, Maebashi-shi, Gunma 371-0847, Japan
| | - Yoshio Tanizaki
- Geriatrics Research Institute and Hospital: 3-26-8
Ootomo-machi, Maebashi-shi, Gunma 371-0847, Japan
| | - Shigeru Usuda
- Gunma University Graduate School of Health Sciences,
Japan
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Mizutani S, Matsuzaki H, Iyota K, Tani A, Oku S, Tabuchi H, Fujiwara A, Hase-Tamaru S, Kishimoto H, Narazaki K. Changes of Oral and Physical Functions in Older Japanese Who Participated in Keyboard Harmonica and Exercise Classes during COVID-19-Related Movement Restrictions. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:3700. [PMID: 36834392 PMCID: PMC9961220 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20043700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Many older people have restricted activities or movements because of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, which causes concerns about secondary health problems. This study aimed to investigate how frailty-prevention activities implemented by local governments have changed the health of community-dwelling older people during the COVID-19 pandemic. In this observational study, the participants were 23 older Japanese people who took part in keyboard harmonica or exercise classes in 2021. Oral function examination and physical function tests were conducted at baseline and after 10 months of follow-up. In each class, the participants met 15 times and worked on assignments at home. The results showed that oral diadochokinesis/pa/, which represents lip dexterity, improved during 10 months (from 6.6 to 6.8 times/s, p < 0.046); however, grip strength (p < 0.005) and total skeletal muscle mass (p < 0.017) decreased in the keyboard harmonica group. In the exercise group, a statistically significant difference was found only in grip strength, which decreased (p < 0.003). The oral and physical functions of older people who participated in frailty-prevention activities implemented by local governments characteristically changed. Moreover, activity restrictions during the COVID-19 pandemic may have caused decreased grip strength.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinsuke Mizutani
- Section of Geriatric Dentistry and Perioperative Medicine in Dentistry, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
- OBT Research Center, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Hideaki Matsuzaki
- Department of Rehabilitation Center, Fukuoka Mirai Hospital, 5-1 Kashiiteriha, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 813-0017, Japan
- Department of Behavior and Health Sciences, Graduate School of Human–Environment Studies, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Kiyomi Iyota
- Section of Geriatric Dentistry and Perioperative Medicine in Dentistry, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Asuka Tani
- Section of Geriatric Dentistry and Perioperative Medicine in Dentistry, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Saori Oku
- Section of Geriatric Dentistry and Perioperative Medicine in Dentistry, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Tabuchi
- Section of Geriatric Dentistry and Perioperative Medicine in Dentistry, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Akiko Fujiwara
- Section of Geriatric Dentistry and Perioperative Medicine in Dentistry, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Shizuka Hase-Tamaru
- Department of Life, Environment and Materials Science, Faculty of Engineering, Fukuoka Institute of Technology, 3-30-1 Wajiro-higashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 811-0295, Japan
| | - Hiro Kishimoto
- Department of Behavior and Health Sciences, Graduate School of Human–Environment Studies, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
- Faculty of Arts and Science, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Kenji Narazaki
- Center for Liberal Arts, Fukuoka Institute of Technology, 3-30-1 Wajiro-higashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 811-0295, Japan
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Ito K, Suzumura S, Kanada Y, Narukawa R, Sakurai H, Makino I, Abiko T, Oi S, Kondo I. The use of a companion robot to improve depression symptoms in a community-dwelling older adult during the coronavirus disease 2019 state of emergency. FUJITA MEDICAL JOURNAL 2023; 9:47-51. [PMID: 36789127 PMCID: PMC9923449 DOI: 10.20407/fmj.2021-023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
Objective We investigated the impact of using a companion robot on the mental state of a community-dwelling older adult who was receiving home-visit rehabilitation services during the state of emergency for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Methods This case involved an 80-year-old woman with compression fractures of lumbar vertebrae 1 and 2. Her medical history included hypothyroidism, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and depression. The companion robot used was Smibi®, a healing baby robot that responds in various ways depending on how the user interacts with it. The patient interacted (e.g., hugging, conversing) with Smibi® for 30 minutes per day for 1 month, from April 2020 (immediately before the declaration of a state of emergency in Japan) to May 2020. The patient was evaluated with the Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) before and after using Smibi®. Results The SDS score decreased from 37 points to 26 points after the use of Smibi®. The items related to diurnal variation, sleep, despair about the future, and dissatisfaction decreased by 2-3 points. Conclusion Our findings suggest that interacting with Smibi® may improve depression in older adults who have been forced to refrain from going out due to the spread of COVID-19. Future studies with long-term follow-up and large sample sizes are required to confirm the effectiveness of companion robots in improving depression among community-dwelling older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kei Ito
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, Japan
| | - Shota Suzumura
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, Japan,Faculty of Rehabilitation, School of Health Sciences, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yoshikiyo Kanada
- Faculty of Rehabilitation, School of Health Sciences, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
| | - Rie Narukawa
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Sakurai
- Faculty of Rehabilitation, School of Health Sciences, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
| | - Isao Makino
- Togo Seisakusyo Corporation, Togo, Aichi, Japan
| | | | - Shigeo Oi
- Togo Seisakusyo Corporation, Togo, Aichi, Japan
| | - Izumi Kondo
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, Japan
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Hyodo K, Kitano N, Ueno A, Yamaguchi D, Watanabe Y, Noda T, Nishida S, Kai Y, Arao T. Association between intensity or accumulating pattern of physical activity and executive function in community-dwelling older adults: A cross-sectional study with compositional data analysis. Front Hum Neurosci 2023; 16:1018087. [PMID: 36760224 PMCID: PMC9905631 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2022.1018087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Previous studies have suggested a positive association between physical activity (PA) and executive function in older adults. However, they did not adequately consider the compositional nature of daily time use and accumulated PA patterns. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the association between intensity or accumulated PA patterns and executive functions (inhibitory control, working memory, and cognitive flexibility) in community-dwelling older adults, considering the interaction of daily time spent in PA, sedentary behavior (SB), and sleep. Method This cross-sectional study used baseline data from a randomized controlled trial on the effect of exercise on cognitive function conducted between 2021 and 2022. Data from 76 community-dwelling older adults were used in the analysis. The time spent in PA and SB was assessed using an accelerometer, and sleep duration was self-reported. The Stroop task (inhibitory control), N-back task (working memory), and task-switching task (cognitive flexibility) were conducted to evaluate the subcomponents of executive function. Considering various potential confounders, compositional multiple linear regression analysis and compositional isotemporal substitution were performed to examine the association of PA with executive function and to estimate predicted changes in executive function in response to the hypothetical time-reallocation of movement behaviors, respectively. Results A longer time spent in light-intensity PA (LPA), relative to remaining behaviors, was associated with better Stroop task performance. Moreover, this association was stronger in LPA lasting longer than 10 min than in sporadic LPA. Additionally, theoretical 30 min/day time reallocation from SB or sleep to LPA was associated with better Stroop task performance (corresponding to approximately a 5%-10% increase). On the other hand, no significant associations of time spent in moderate- to vigorous-intensity PA with any subcomponents of executive function were observed. Conclusion LPA was positively associated with inhibitory control, and this association was stronger in bouts of LPA than in sporadic LPA. Moreover, reducing the time spent in SB or sleep and increasing the time spent in LPA, especially long-bout LPA, could be important measures for managing inhibitory control in late life. Future large longitudinal and intervention studies are needed to confirm these associations and reveal the causality and underlying mechanisms.
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Leung T, Kidokoro T, Yamaguchi D, Iida M, Watanabe Y, Ueno A, Noda T, Kawahara K, Nishida S, Kai Y, Arao T. Feasibility, Safety, Enjoyment, and System Usability of Web-Based Aerobic Dance Exercise Program in Older Adults: Single-Arm Pilot Study. JMIR Aging 2023; 6:e39898. [PMID: 36645705 PMCID: PMC9947869 DOI: 10.2196/39898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND During the COVID-19 epidemic, opportunities for social interaction and physical activity among older people are decreasing, which may have a negative impact on their health. As a solution, a web-based group exercise program provided through a videoconferencing platform would be useful. As a web-based exercise program that older adults can easily, safely, and enjoyably perform at home, we developed a short-duration, light-intensity aerobic dance exercise program. Before studying the effectiveness of this exercise program, its characteristics, such as feasibility, safety, enjoyment, and system usability, should be examined among older adults. OBJECTIVE This pilot study aimed to examine the feasibility, safety, and enjoyment of a web-based aerobic dance exercise program and the usability of a web-based exercise delivery system using a videoconferencing platform for older adults. METHODS This study was designed as a prospective single-arm pilot study. A total of 16 older adults participated in an 8-week web-based aerobic dance program held every morning (8:30 AM to 8:50 AM) on weekdays at home. Retention and adherence rates were measured for the program's feasibility. Safety was assessed by the heart rate reserve, an index of exercise intensity calculated from heart rate, and the number of adverse events during exercise sessions. Enjoyment of this exercise program was assessed by an 11-point Likert scale ranging from 0 (not enjoyable at all) to 10 (extremely enjoyable) obtained through telephone interviews after the first-, third-, sixth-, and eighth-week intervention. For usability, the ease of the videoconferencing platform system was assessed through telephone interviews after the intervention. RESULTS A female participant with hypertension dropped out in the second week because of the continuously reported high blood pressure (≥180 mmHg) before attending the exercise session in the first week. Therefore, the retention rate was 93.8% (15/16). Among the remaining participants, the median (IQR) overall adherence rate was 97.4% (94.7-100). Regarding safety, the mean (SD) heart rate reserve during the aerobic dance exercise was 29.8% (6.8%), showing that the exercise was relatively safe with very light to light intensity. There were no adverse events during the exercise session. The enjoyment score (0-10 points) significantly increased from the first (6.7 [1.7]) to sixth (8.2 [1.3]) and eighth week (8.5 [1.3]). Regarding usability, 11 participants reported difficulties at the beginning, such as basic touch panel operations and the use of unfamiliar applications; however, all got accustomed to it and subsequently reported no difficulty. CONCLUSIONS This study showed high feasibility, enjoyment, and safety of the web-based aerobic dance exercise program in older adults, and the web-based exercise delivery system may have areas for improvement, albeit without serious problems. Our web-based aerobic dance exercise program may contribute to an increase in physical and social activities among older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tetsuhiro Kidokoro
- Physical Fitness Research Institute, Meiji Yasuda Life Foundation of Health and Welfare, Tokyo, Japan.,Faculty of Sport Science, Nippon Sport Science University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daisuke Yamaguchi
- Physical Fitness Research Institute, Meiji Yasuda Life Foundation of Health and Welfare, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Michitaka Iida
- Information Services International-Dentsu Ltd, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuya Watanabe
- Physical Fitness Research Institute, Meiji Yasuda Life Foundation of Health and Welfare, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Aiko Ueno
- Physical Fitness Research Institute, Meiji Yasuda Life Foundation of Health and Welfare, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takayuki Noda
- Physical Fitness Research Institute, Meiji Yasuda Life Foundation of Health and Welfare, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenji Kawahara
- Physical Fitness Research Institute, Meiji Yasuda Life Foundation of Health and Welfare, Tokyo, Japan.,Meiji Yasuda Health Promotion Center, Meiji Yasuda Health Development Foundation, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sumiyo Nishida
- Physical Fitness Research Institute, Meiji Yasuda Life Foundation of Health and Welfare, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuko Kai
- Physical Fitness Research Institute, Meiji Yasuda Life Foundation of Health and Welfare, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Arao
- Physical Fitness Research Institute, Meiji Yasuda Life Foundation of Health and Welfare, Tokyo, Japan
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Song Q, Dai M, Lin T, Zhao Y, Peng X, Liang R, Su Q, Yue J. Biomass fuel usage for cooking and frailty among older adults in China: a population-based cohort study. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1122243. [PMID: 37124768 PMCID: PMC10131187 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1122243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Although outdoor air pollution is reported to have a negative effect on frailty, evidence involving household air pollution is sparse. Methods A cohort study on older participants aged ≥65 years from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey was conducted between 2011/2012 and 2014. Household cooking fuel types were determined by self-reported questionaries, and were dichotomized into clean or biomass fuels. The frailty status was evaluated via a 46-item frailty index (FI) and the FRAIL scale, respectively. Frailty was identified if FI >0.21 or FRAIL score ≥3. Cox proportional hazards models were employed to examine the relationship between cooking fuels and incident frailty. And the effects of swapping cooking fuels on frailty risk were also explored. Results Among 4,643 participants (mean age at baseline 80.9 ± 9.6 years, 53.7% male) totaling 11,340 person-years, 923 (19.9%) incident frailty was identified using FI. Compared to clean fuels, cooking with biomass fuels was intricately linked to a 23% rise in frailty risk (hazard ratio [HR] 1.23, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.06-1.43). A similar association was detected between biomass cooking fuels and frailty measured by the FRAIL scale (HR 1.24, 95% CI 1.04-1.50). Sensitive analyses supported the independent relationship between biomass fuels and frailty. Stratified analyses revealed that the frailty risk was higher among town residents (HR 1.44, 95% CI 1.13-1.84) and participants not exercising regularly (HR 1.35, 95% CI 1.11-1.64). In comparison with persistent biomass fuels usage, switching to clean fuels had a trend to reduce the frailty risk, and the opposite effect was observed when swapping from clean to biomass fuels. Conclusion Cooking with biomass fuels was associated with an increased frailty risk in older adults, especially amongst those living in town and those lacking regular exercise. More studies are needed to confirm our findings and to evaluate the potential benefits of reducing indoor biomass fuel usage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quhong Song
- Department of Geriatrics and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Miao Dai
- Department of Geriatrics, Jiujiang First People's Hospital, Jiujiang, China
| | - Taiping Lin
- Department of Geriatrics and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanli Zhao
- Department of Geriatrics and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuchao Peng
- Department of Geriatrics and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Rui Liang
- Department of Geriatrics and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiaoli Su
- Department of General Practice, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Qiaoli Su
| | - Jirong Yue
- Department of Geriatrics and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Jirong Yue
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The relationship between changes in exercise habits and psychosomatic activities in older hypertensive patients during the COVID-19 pandemic. Hypertens Res 2023; 46:208-213. [PMID: 36229528 DOI: 10.1038/s41440-022-01043-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
We conducted a one-year follow-up study to determine the temporal change in exercise habits and the related factors during the COVID-19 pandemic in older hypertensive patients. A total of 190 patients were 76.1 ± 5.7 years, and 44.7% (n = 85) were male. One-hundred fifty-one and 138 patients had exercise habits at baseline and a year later, respectively (p = 0.053). We categorized patients based on the change in exercise habits (at baseline/a year later): Group A: +/+ (n = 122); Group B: +/- (n = 29); Group C: -/+ (n = 16); and Group D: -/- (n = 23). In women, the geriatric depression scale and the incidence of falls in a year were higher in group B (n = 18) than (n = 61) in group A. Such a trend was not observed in men. In conclusion, although exercise habit in older hypertensive patients was well-maintained in our survey, reduced physical activity was associated with depression and risk of fall only in women.
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Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on physical and psychological activities in elderly patients with hypertension. Hypertens Res 2023; 46:266-267. [PMID: 36380203 PMCID: PMC9664036 DOI: 10.1038/s41440-022-01106-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Tanaka S, Saida K, Murayama A, Higuchi D, Shinohara T. Associated factors of new subjective cognitive decline complaints after a 6-month period among community-dwelling older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan. Psychogeriatrics 2023; 23:136-140. [PMID: 36412008 DOI: 10.1111/psyg.12917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to determine the number of new subjective cognitive decline (SCD) complaints and associated factors in community-dwelling older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan. METHOD A prospective cohort study was conducted in two periods: May to June 2020, and November 2020 to January 2021. We mailed a questionnaire to 1953 older adults in the first survey, and received 700 responses in the second. We analysed 534 participants without SCD in the first survey. We collected data on sociodemographic characteristics and administered the Questionnaire for Medical Checkup of Old-Old (QMCOO) to assess respondents' health condition. SCD was operationally defined using the QMCOO as reports of (1) forgetfulness, and (2) difficulty in naming dates. The subjects were divided into two groups by their condition at the second survey: an SCD (new SCD complaints) and a no-SCD (no new SCD complaints) group. RESULTS A total of 85 (15.9%) participants had new SCD complaints. The Mann-Whitney U-test and chi-squared test showed that the SCD group had significantly more risk factors of SCD: walking speed (P = 0.001), smoking (P = 0.001), and existence of person with whom the patient could consult when disordered (P = 0.002). Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that walking speed (odds ratio (OR) = 2.115, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.259-3.553) and the presence of person to consult (OR = 3.619, 95% CI: 1.553-8.433) were significant related factors of new SCD complaints. CONCLUSION Maintenance of physical condition and social support were associated with new SCD complaints during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigeya Tanaka
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Care, Takasaki University of Health and Welfare, Takasaki, Japan
| | - Kosuke Saida
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Care, Takasaki University of Health and Welfare, Takasaki, Japan
| | - Akihiko Murayama
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation, Gunma University of Health and Welfare, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Daisuke Higuchi
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Care, Takasaki University of Health and Welfare, Takasaki, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Shinohara
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Care, Takasaki University of Health and Welfare, Takasaki, Japan
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Nygård AJ, Taraldsen K, Granbo R, Selbæk G, Helbostad JL. Impacts of COVID-19 restrictions on level of physical activity and health in home-dwelling older adults in Norway. Eur Rev Aging Phys Act 2022; 19:30. [PMID: 36494614 PMCID: PMC9733310 DOI: 10.1186/s11556-022-00309-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The spread of the coronavirus in spring 2020 led to a lockdown of physical activity (PA) offers. The aim of this study was to investigate how PA, as well as general and mental health, in community-dwelling older adults were affected by the COVID-19 restrictions in Norway. METHODS Invitation to participate in the study was sent via Facebook and the Norwegian Pensioners' Association. Inclusion criteria were being ≥ 65 years old and living at home. Participants completed a questionnaire either digitally or on paper in June-August 2020. The questionnaire included questions on PA, general health, and mental health both before (13th of March) and during lockdown. RESULTS We included 565 participants (mean age 74 ± 5.3 years, 60.4% female); almost 60% had a university degree, 84% reported performing PA more than once per week, and 20% reported a fall in the previous 12 months. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test indicated that the corona lockdown significantly reduced activity level (Z = -4.918, p < 0.001), general health (Z = -6,910, p < 0.001) and mental health (Z = -12.114, p < 0.001). Those who were less active during lockdown had higher odds of experiencing worse health than those who maintained their activity level, odds ratio: 9.36 (95% CI = 4.71-18.58, p < 0.001) for general health and 2.41 (95% CI = 1.52-3.83, p < 0.001) for mental health. Those who attended organized exercise offers before lockdown had higher odds of being less active during lockdown compared to those who did not exercise in an organized setting, odds ratio: 3.21 (95% CI = 2.17-5.76, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS In a relatively highly educated and active group of older participants, COVID-19 restrictions still negatively affected level of activity as well as general and mental health. These short-term decreases in activity level and health suggest that preventive actions and increased focus on measures to support older adults in maintaining an active lifestyle are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnhild J. Nygård
- grid.5947.f0000 0001 1516 2393Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Kristin Taraldsen
- grid.412414.60000 0000 9151 4445Department of Physiotherapy, Oslo Metropolitan University (OsloMet), Oslo, Norway
| | - Randi Granbo
- grid.5947.f0000 0001 1516 2393Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Geir Selbæk
- grid.55325.340000 0004 0389 8485Department of Geriatric Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway ,grid.417292.b0000 0004 0627 3659Norwegian National Centre for Ageing and Health, Vestfold Hospital Trust, Tønsberg, Norway ,grid.5510.10000 0004 1936 8921Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jorunn L. Helbostad
- grid.5947.f0000 0001 1516 2393Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
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Association of Co-Living and Age on the Type of Sports Practiced by Older People. Sports (Basel) 2022; 10:sports10120200. [PMID: 36548497 PMCID: PMC9785896 DOI: 10.3390/sports10120200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Introdution: The environment and the type of co-living of older people are crucial to understanding how the nature of their context influences a healthy lifestyle. However, no studies have investigated to what extent their type of co-living may be associated with the sports and the profile practice according to their age. Objective: This study aimed to assess the association between the types of co-living and the age of the physically active elderly and the sports they practice. Hypothesis: It is thought that the age, situation, and satisfaction with the way of living in physically active older people differ according to the type of sport they practice. Methods: Cross-sectional study. We included 358 individuals aged between 61 and 93 years old (M = 69.66, SD = 4.74). Type of co-living was classified as living alone or living with others. The sports activities evaluated were: gym, dance, water activities, and yoga/pilates. Differences in the type of co-living and sports practiced were evaluated by ANOVA or Chi2. Results: Among the elderly who practice gymnastics, most of them live alone and in a tight core (p < 0.001) (Phi = 0.244). Furthermore, those who practice aquatic activities are more frequently the youngest (p < 0.001) (Phi = 0.198). Conclusion: Older people who do gymnastics have smaller living groups, those under 69 opt for gymnastics and aquatic activities, while those aged 70 and over prefer dance, yoga, and pilates.
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Muacevic A, Adler JR. Mental Health Issues Associated With COVID-19 Among the Elderly Population: A Narrative Review. Cureus 2022; 14:e33081. [PMID: 36726914 PMCID: PMC9886379 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.33081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Since its discovery in December 2019, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been affecting humanity in economic, social, physical, and psychological manner. During COVID-19, the older population needs special consideration since they have a greater risk of developing serious illnesses. We used a narrative review approach to identify the relevant articles. PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases were searched for the following keywords: (mental health OR mental illness(es) OR anxiety OR depression OR irritability) AND (elderly OR older people OR aged 60 years or more) AND (Covid-19 OR pandemic OR chronic diseases) AND (mitigate OR manage). In the initial search, we found 948 articles related to our search string, and only 33 studies were included in this narrative review. The results demonstrated that the elderly population is more prone to mental health issues associated with COVID-19. This narrative review also reported that loneliness, stress, depression, anxiety, sleep disturbance, and suicidal ideation symptoms are experienced by the elderly during the pandemic. Our results also demonstrate that interventions, such as community activities through social interactions, and the use of digital technologies could improve the quality of life of older people and help in the mitigation and management of the adverse effects of COVID-19.
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Taniguchi H, Okuda N, Arima H, Satoh A, Abe M, Nishi N, Higashiyama A, Suzuki H, Ohkubo T, Kadota A, Miura K, Ueshima H, Okayama A. Body weight and lifestyle changes under the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan: a cross-sectional study from NIPPON DATA2010. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e063213. [PMID: 36450420 PMCID: PMC9716411 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-063213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The COVID-19 pandemic has had an impact on people's lifestyles such as causing body weight changes. This study examined associations among lifestyle changes and body weight during the COVID-19 pandemic among the Japanese population. DESIGN A cross-sectional study. SETTING A nationwide survey of the general Japanese population. PARTICIPANTS Total participants were 2244 men and women, of which 911 young/middle-aged (30-69 years old) and 899 older adults (70 years and older) were analysed separately. OUTCOME Changes in lifestyle (physical activity, dietary habits and alcohol intake) and body weight during the first wave of COVID-19 in spring 2020. RESULTS Under the COVID-19 pandemic, 24.1% and 10.1% of Japanese respondents reported weight gain and reduction, respectively. Multivariable-adjusted stepwise logistic regression analyses revealed that the young/middle-aged respondents in the group increased body weight, weight gain was significantly associated with decrease in physical activity (OR 4.01, 95% CI 2.83 to 5.69) and both increase (OR 5.82, 95% CI 3.85 to 8.80) and decrease (OR 2.73, 95% CI 1.52 to 4.93) in eating between meals. In the group that decreased body weight, body weight reduction was significantly associated with increase in physical activity (OR 3.66, 95% CI 1.94 to 6.90), decrease in eating between meals (OR 5.97, 95% CI 3.11 to 11.48) and both increase and decrease in alcohol intake in the young/middle age. For the older adults, body weight gain was higher in women than in men, and significantly associated with higher quartile of regional COVID-19 infection, decrease in physical activity (OR 2.98, 95% CI 1.98 to 4.49), increase in home-cooked meals and increase in eating between meals (OR 4.22, 95% CI 2.55 to 6.99). On the other hand, body weight reduction was significantly associated with decreases in physical activity (OR 2.63, 95% CI 1.62 to 4.27), home-cooked meals and eating between meals (OR 1.95, 95% CI 1.05 to 3.61) in the older adults. CONCLUSION Changes in physical activity and eating between meals were associated with body weight change under the COVID-19 pandemic among Japanese.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirokazu Taniguchi
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Nagako Okuda
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hisatomi Arima
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Atsushi Satoh
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Makiko Abe
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Nobuo Nishi
- International Center for Nutrition and Information, National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Aya Higashiyama
- Department of Hygiene, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Harumitsu Suzuki
- Department of Hygiene, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Takayoshi Ohkubo
- Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Teikyo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Aya Kadota
- NCD Epidemiology Research Center, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
| | - Katsuyuki Miura
- NCD Epidemiology Research Center, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
| | - Hirotsugu Ueshima
- NCD Epidemiology Research Center, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
| | - Akira Okayama
- Research Institute of Strategy for Prevention, Tokyo, Japan
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Shakuta S, Yamashita M, Kamiya K, Hamazaki N, Ueno K, Nozaki K, Uchida S, Noda T, Maekawa E, Yamaoka-Tojo M, Matsunaga A, Ako J. Relationship between the spread of COVID-19, social frailty, and depressive symptoms in patients with heart failure. Heart Vessels 2022; 38:992-996. [PMID: 36449044 PMCID: PMC9709749 DOI: 10.1007/s00380-022-02203-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
In community-dwelling older people, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been reported to be associated with the development of frailty and depressive symptoms. We aimed to investigate whether the spread of COVID-19 is associated with the development of frailty in patients with heart failure (HF). The presence of the multi-domain of frailty in 257 patients with HF was assessed at hospital discharge. The spread of COVID-19 was significantly associated with the development of social frailty and depressive symptoms. Evaluation of these symptoms during hospitalization would support disease management and understanding of their social and psychological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saki Shakuta
- grid.410786.c0000 0000 9206 2938Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Masashi Yamashita
- grid.410786.c0000 0000 9206 2938Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Japan ,Division of Research, ARCE Inc., Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Kentaro Kamiya
- grid.410786.c0000 0000 9206 2938Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Japan ,grid.410786.c0000 0000 9206 2938Department of Rehabilitation, School of Allied Health Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Nobuaki Hamazaki
- grid.508505.d0000 0000 9274 2490Department of Rehabilitation, Kitasato University Hospital, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Kensuke Ueno
- grid.410786.c0000 0000 9206 2938Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Kohei Nozaki
- grid.508505.d0000 0000 9274 2490Department of Rehabilitation, Kitasato University Hospital, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Shota Uchida
- grid.410786.c0000 0000 9206 2938Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Japan ,grid.54432.340000 0001 0860 6072Research Fellow of Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takumi Noda
- grid.410786.c0000 0000 9206 2938Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Emi Maekawa
- grid.410786.c0000 0000 9206 2938Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Minako Yamaoka-Tojo
- grid.410786.c0000 0000 9206 2938Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Japan ,grid.410786.c0000 0000 9206 2938Department of Rehabilitation, School of Allied Health Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Atsuhiko Matsunaga
- grid.410786.c0000 0000 9206 2938Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Japan ,grid.410786.c0000 0000 9206 2938Department of Rehabilitation, School of Allied Health Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Junya Ako
- grid.410786.c0000 0000 9206 2938Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
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Shinohara T, Saida K, Tanaka S, Murayama A, Higuchi D. Factors for the change in frailty status during the COVID-19 pandemic: A prospective cohort study over six- and 12-month periods in Japan. Geriatr Nurs 2022; 48:111-117. [PMID: 36155309 PMCID: PMC9436893 DOI: 10.1016/j.gerinurse.2022.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
We aimed to verify the frailty status and the factors associated with the change in frailty status during the COVID-19 pandemic. A three-wave cohort study was conducted every six months, from May to July 2020, November 2020 to January 2021, and again from May to July 2021. The frailty status was assessed using the frailty screening index. Multivariate generalized linear mixed-effects models were used to determine whether changes in frailty status were associated with health conditions and lifestyle. The 404 survey forms were analyzed. Decline in chewing function (beta = 0.552) and leg muscle strength weakness (beta = 0.515) were significantly associated with the change in frailty status over six months, and leg muscle strength weakness (beta = 0.512) was significantly associated over 12 months. Risk factors associated with worsening health should be assessed for appropriate support. It is especially important to assess subjective leg muscle weakness in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoyuki Shinohara
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Care, Takasaki University of Health and Welfare, 501 Naka Orui-machi, Takasaki-shi, Gunma 370-0033, Japan.
| | - Kosuke Saida
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Care, Takasaki University of Health and Welfare, 501 Naka Orui-machi, Takasaki-shi, Gunma 370-0033, Japan
| | - Shigeya Tanaka
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Care, Takasaki University of Health and Welfare, 501 Naka Orui-machi, Takasaki-shi, Gunma 370-0033, Japan
| | - Akihiko Murayama
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation, Gunma University of Health and Welfare, K'BIX Genki21 Maebashi 6-7F, 2-12-1 Hon-machi, Maebashi-shi, Gunma 371-0023, Japan
| | - Daisuke Higuchi
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Care, Takasaki University of Health and Welfare, 501 Naka Orui-machi, Takasaki-shi, Gunma 370-0033, Japan
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Nakamura M, Ohki M, Mizukoshi R, Takeno I, Tsujita T, Imai R, Imaoka M, Takeda M. Effect of Home-Based Training with a Daily Calendar on Preventing Frailty in Community-Dwelling Older People during the COVID-19 Pandemic. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:14205. [PMID: 36361085 PMCID: PMC9658038 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192114205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
It has been reported that marked decreases in physical activity including social activities, deterioration in eating habits and mental health, and an increase in frailty have occurred during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aimed to devise a method to prevent the onset and progression of frailty during the COVID-19 pandemic and to verify its effect. The subjects were 111 community-dwelling older people who answered questionnaires before and after the intervention. A calendar incorporating 31 different tasks, one for each day, was created as an intervention tool with the aim of improving motor, oral, and cognitive functions. The intervention group (n = 49) participants performed these tasks every day for 3 months. The primary outcome was the Kihon checklist (KCL) score. When the amount of change in the KCL score before and after 3 months was compared between the two groups, no difference in the total score was observed between the two groups; however, the intervention group showed significantly improved cognitive function in the KCL sub-domain. In the intervention group, the number of pre-frailty and frailty patients decreased significantly after the intervention compared to before the intervention. These results suggest that the use of the calendar created in this study during the COVID-19 pandemic could prevent decreased cognitive function in the KCL sub-domain and could help prevent the onset and progression of pre-frailty and frailty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Misa Nakamura
- Graduate School of Rehabilitation, Osaka Kawasaki Rehabilitation University, Kaizuka, Osaka 597-0104, Japan
- Department of Rehabilitation, Osaka Kawasaki Rehabilitation University, Kaizuka, Osaka 597-0104, Japan
| | - Masataka Ohki
- Graduate School of Rehabilitation, Osaka Kawasaki Rehabilitation University, Kaizuka, Osaka 597-0104, Japan
| | - Riku Mizukoshi
- Department of Rehabilitation, Osaka Kawasaki Rehabilitation University, Kaizuka, Osaka 597-0104, Japan
| | - Itsuki Takeno
- Department of Rehabilitation, Osaka Kawasaki Rehabilitation University, Kaizuka, Osaka 597-0104, Japan
| | - Taira Tsujita
- Department of Rehabilitation, Osaka Kawasaki Rehabilitation University, Kaizuka, Osaka 597-0104, Japan
| | - Ryota Imai
- Graduate School of Rehabilitation, Osaka Kawasaki Rehabilitation University, Kaizuka, Osaka 597-0104, Japan
- Department of Rehabilitation, Osaka Kawasaki Rehabilitation University, Kaizuka, Osaka 597-0104, Japan
| | - Masakazu Imaoka
- Graduate School of Rehabilitation, Osaka Kawasaki Rehabilitation University, Kaizuka, Osaka 597-0104, Japan
- Department of Rehabilitation, Osaka Kawasaki Rehabilitation University, Kaizuka, Osaka 597-0104, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Takeda
- Graduate School of Rehabilitation, Osaka Kawasaki Rehabilitation University, Kaizuka, Osaka 597-0104, Japan
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