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Wu J, Fu X, Zhao L, Lv J, Lv S, Shang J, Lv J, Du S, Guo H, Ma F. Biochar as a partner of plants and beneficial microorganisms to assist in-situ bioremediation of heavy metal contaminated soil. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 923:171442. [PMID: 38453085 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Synergistic remediation of heavy metal (HM) contaminated soil using beneficial microorganisms (BM) and plants is a common and effective in situ bioremediation method. However, the shortcomings of this approach are the low colonisation of BM under high levels of heavy metal stress (HMS) and the poor state of plant growth. Previous studies have overlooked the potential of biochar to mitigate the above problems and aid in-situ remediation. Therefore, this paper describes the characteristics and physicochemical properties of biochar. It is proposed that biochar enhances plant resistance to HMS and aids in situ bioremediation by increasing colonisation of BM and HM stability. On this basis, the paper focuses on the following possible mechanisms: specific biochar-derived organic matter regulates the transport of HMs in plants and promotes mycorrhizal colonisation via the abscisic acid signalling pathway and the karrikin signalling pathway; promotes the growth-promoting pathway of indole-3-acetic acid and increases expression of the nodule-initiating gene NIN; improvement of soil HM stability by ion exchange, electrostatic adsorption, redox and complex precipitation mechanisms. And this paper summarizes guidelines on how to use biochar-assisted remediation based on current research for reference. Finally, the paper identifies research gaps in biochar in the direction of promoting beneficial microbial symbiotic mechanisms, recognition and function of organic molecules, and factors affecting practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieting Wu
- School of Environmental Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China.
| | - Xiaofan Fu
- School of Environmental Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Jin Lv
- School of Environmental Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China
| | - Sidi Lv
- School of Environmental Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China
| | - Jing Shang
- School of Environmental Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China
| | - Jiaxuan Lv
- School of Environmental Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China
| | - Shuxuan Du
- School of Environmental Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China
| | - Haijuan Guo
- School of Environmental Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China.
| | - Fang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
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Tyagi S, Sharma Y, Sharma A, Pandey A, Singh K, Upadhyay SK. Expression of TaNCL2-A ameliorates cadmium toxicity by increasing calcium and enzymatic antioxidants activities in arabidopsis. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 329:138636. [PMID: 37040835 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a heavy metal that occurs naturally in the environment and is toxic to both animals and plants. The impact of Cd toxicity is shown to be reduced by the exogenous application of calcium (Ca) in crop plants. The sodium/calcium exchanger-like (NCL) protein is involved in Ca enrichment in the cytoplasm by transporting it from the vacuole in the exchange of cytosolic sodium (Na). However, it has not been utilized to ameliorate the Cd toxicity, to date. An elevated expression of TaNCL2-A gene in the root and shoot tissues of bread wheat seedlings, and a higher growth rate of recombinant yeast cells, suggested its role in Cd stress response. The TaNCL2-A expressing transgenic Arabidopsis lines exhibited significant Cd tolerance with increased Ca (∼10-fold) accumulation. The proline content and antioxidant enzymes activities were increased while oxidative stress-related molecules such as H2O2 and MDA were reduced in the transgenic lines. In addition, the growth and yield parameters of transgenic lines such as seed germination rate, root length, leaf biomass, leaf area index, rosette diameter, leaf length and width, and silique count, along with various physiological indicators like chlorophyll, carotenoid, and relative water contents were also improved in comparison to the control plants. Further, the transgenic lines exhibited significant salinity and osmotic stress tolerance, as well. Taken together, these results suggested that the TaNCL2-A could mitigate Cd toxicity along with salinity and osmotic stress. This gene may also be utilized for phytoremediation and Cd sequestration in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivi Tyagi
- Department of Botany, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Yashraaj Sharma
- Department of Botany, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India; Department of Biotechnology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Alok Sharma
- Department of Botany, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Ashutosh Pandey
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Kashmir Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
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Majhi S, Sikdar (née Bhakta) M. How heavy metal stress affects the growth and development of pulse crops: insights into germination and physiological processes. 3 Biotech 2023; 13:155. [PMID: 37138782 PMCID: PMC10149436 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-023-03585-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The current work is an extensive review addressing the effects of heavy metals in major pulse crops such as Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.), Pea (Pisum sativum L.), Pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan L.), Mung bean (Vigna radiata L.), Black gram (Vigna mungo L.) and Lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.). Pulses are important contributors to the global food supply in the world, due to their vast beneficial properties in providing protein, nutritional value and health benefits to the human population. Several studies have reported that heavy metals are injurious to plants causing inhibition in plant germination, a decrease in the root and shoot length, reduction in respiration rate and photosynthesis. Properly disposing of heavy metal wastes has become an increasingly difficult task to solve in developed countries. Heavy metals pose one of the substantial constraints to pulse crops growth and productivity even at low concentrations. This article attempts to present the morphological, biochemical and various physiological changes induced on the pulse crops grown under various heavy metal stress such as As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, and Ni.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudipta Majhi
- Microbiology, Nutrition and Dietetics Laboratory, Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, 86/1 College Street, Kolkata, West Bengal 700073 India
| | - Mausumi Sikdar (née Bhakta)
- Microbiology, Nutrition and Dietetics Laboratory, Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, 86/1 College Street, Kolkata, West Bengal 700073 India
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Thapar Kapoor R, Ingo Hefft D, Ahmad A. Nitric oxide and spermidine alleviate arsenic-incited oxidative damage in Cicer arietinum by modulating glyoxalase and antioxidant defense system. FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2023; 50:108-120. [PMID: 34794540 DOI: 10.1071/fp21196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Anthropogenic activities such as mining, fossil fuel combustion, fertilisers and pesticides utilisation in agriculture, metallurgic processes and disposal of industrial wastes have contributed an exponential rise in arsenic content in environment. The present paper deals with arsenate (AsV) incited stress in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) plants and its alleviation through the application of nitric oxide (NO) and spermidine (SPD). The exposure of C. arietinum to AsV reduced seedling length, biomass, relative water content and biochemical constituents. All the above-mentioned parameters were escalated when sodium nitroprusside (SNP) or SPD were utilised alone or in combination with AsV. The electrolyte leakage and malondialdehyde content were increased in chickpea treated with AsV, but reduced in combine treatment (As+SNP+SPD). In chickpea seedlings, 89.4, 248.4 and 333.3% stimulation were recorded in sugar, proline and glycine betaine contents, respectively, with As+SNP+SPD treatment in comparison to control. SNP and SPD modulated function of glyoxalase enzymes by which methylglyoxal (MG) was significantly detoxified in C. arietinum . Maximum reduction 45.2% was observed in MG content in SNP+SPD treatment over AsV stress. Hence, synergistic application of NO and SPD protected chickpea plants against AsV-generated stress by strengthening the antioxidant defence and glyoxalase system, which helped in regulation of biochemical pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riti Thapar Kapoor
- Plant Physiology Laboratory, Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Noida 201313, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Daniel Ingo Hefft
- University Centre Reaseheath, Food and Agricultural Sciences, Reaseheath College, Nantwich CW5 6DF, UK
| | - Ajaz Ahmad
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Zou J, Wang Y, Wang S, Shang X. Ca alleviated Cd-induced toxicity in Salix matsudana by affecting Cd absorption, translocation, subcellular distribution, and chemical forms. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 281:153926. [PMID: 36680839 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2023.153926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd), a ubiquitous and highly toxic heavy metal pollutant, is toxic to animals and plants. Calcium (Ca) is an essential component for plant growth and reduces plant Cd absorption by competing with Cd. To gain deeper insight into the effects of Ca on Cd absorption, translocation, subcellular distribution, and chemical forms in S. matsudana seedlings under Cd stress, an investigation was conducted on these properties. Adding Ca alleviated Cd physiological toxicity in S. matsudana, reduced Cd absorption, increased the translocation from roots to shoots, lead to subcellular redistribution of Cd by increasing the proportion of Cd in soluble fractions but decreasing Cd in the cell wall and changed the chemical forms of Cd from 0.6 mol/L HCl- and 2% HAc-extracted Cd to 1 mol/L NaCl-extracted Cd. The energy dispersive X-ray analyses (EDXA) results revealed that after adding Ca, Cd was transferred through the root epidermis, cortex, endodermis, and vascular cylinder, transported to the shoots, and was highly accumulated in leaf epidermal and mesophyll cells, but less in leaf vein and guard cells. The genes involved in Cd uptake and xylem loading included NRAMP1, ZIP8, HMA2, and HMA4, which were up-regulated significantly (P < 0.05) in the Cd and Cd + Ca treatments compared to the control. The findings of this study provide new insight into the mechanism that Ca alleviates Cd toxicity in woody tree species, as well as propose an important prospect of Ca addition for improving the phytoremediation of Cd contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhua Zou
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, College of Life Science, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, China.
| | - Yuerui Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, College of Life Science, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, China
| | - Siyuan Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, College of Life Science, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, China
| | - Xiaoshuo Shang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, College of Life Science, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, China; Dalat Banner No .1 Middle School, Ordos City, 014300, Inner Mongolia, China
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Hossain MS, Abdelrahman M, Tran CD, Nguyen KH, Chu HD, Watanabe Y, Fujita M, Tran LSP. Modulation of osmoprotection and antioxidant defense by exogenously applied acetate enhances cadmium stress tolerance in lentil seedlings. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 308:119687. [PMID: 35777591 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
To examine the potential role of acetate in conferring cadmium (Cd) stress tolerance in lentil (Lens culinaris), several phenotypical and physio-biochemical properties have been examined in Cd-stressed lentil seedlings following acetate applications. Acetate treatment inhibited the translocation of Cd from roots to shoots, which resulted in a minimal reduction in photosynthetic pigment contents. Additionally, acetate-treated lentil showed higher shoot (1.1 and 11.72%) and root (4.98 and 30.64%) dry weights compared with acetate-non-treated plants under low-Cd and high-Cd concentrations, respectively. Concurrently, acetate treatments increase osmoprotection under low-Cd stress through proline accumulation (24.69%), as well as enhancement of antioxidant defense by increasing ascorbic acid content (239.13%) and catalase activity (148.51%) under high-Cd stress. Acetate-induced antioxidant defense resulted in a significant diminution in hydrogen peroxide, malondialdehyde and electrolyte leakage in Cd-stressed lentil seedlings. Our results indicated that acetate application mitigated oxidative stress-induced damage by modulating antioxidant defense and osmoprotection, and reducing root-to-shoot Cd transport. These findings indicate an important contribution of acetate in mitigating the Cd toxicity during growth and development of lentil seedlings, and suggest that the exogenous applications of acetate could be an economical and new avenue for controlling heavy metal-caused damage in lentil, and potentially in many other crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Shahadat Hossain
- Laboratory of Plant Stress Responses, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Ikenobe 2393, Miki-cho, Kita gun, Kagawa, 761-0795, Japan
| | - Mostafa Abdelrahman
- Biotechnology Program, Faculty of Science, Galala University, Suze, Galala, 43511, Egypt; Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Aswan University, Aswan, 81528, Egypt
| | - Cuong Duy Tran
- Department of Genetic Engineering, Agricultural Genetics Institute, Vietnamese Academy of Agricultural Science, Pham Van Dong str., Hanoi, 100000, Viet Nam
| | - Kien Huu Nguyen
- National Key Laboratory for Plant Cell Technology, Agricultural Genetics Institute, Vietnam Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Pham Van Dong Str., Hanoi, 100000, Viet Nam
| | - Ha Duc Chu
- Faculty of Agricultural Technology, University of Engineering and Technology, Vietnam National University Hanoi, Xuan Thuy Road, Cau Giay District, Hanoi, 122300, Viet Nam
| | - Yasuko Watanabe
- Bioproductivity Informatics Research Team, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Masayuki Fujita
- Laboratory of Plant Stress Responses, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Ikenobe 2393, Miki-cho, Kita gun, Kagawa, 761-0795, Japan
| | - Lam-Son Phan Tran
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, 03 Quang Trung, Da Nang, Viet Nam; Institute of Genomics for Crop Abiotic Stress Tolerance, Department of Plant and Soil Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409, USA.
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7
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Wang X, Wang L, Fan J, Ma F. Asymmetric interaction and concurrent remediation of copper and atrazine by Acorus tatarinowii in an aquatic system. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 435:128888. [PMID: 35483262 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.128888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
To clarify the influence of organic pesticides on phytoremediation of potentially toxic metal elements, hydroponically-grown Acorus tatarinowii was used to repair copper pollution at six concentration levels with and without atrazine. Removal outcomes and processes exhibited asymmetry in an aquatic system. In plants, the addition of atrazine brought as much as 20.5% copper than control. Total amounts, percentage of protein or pectin combined copper and leaf: root ratio of copper were enhanced correspondingly. In solutions, cupric ions (Cu2+) were eliminated as much as 95.6% in plant remediation system. Though atrazine resulted in a quarter more absorption equilibrium concentration, the absorption reaction rate half declined. Copper removal in the system was contributed by both bound copper in solution and plant accumulation, and atrazine magnified contribution weight of the later one. Concurrent copper decreased absolute and relative amounts of atrazine in A. tatarinowii, indicating the influence of copper was mainly to reduce atrazine uptake by A. tatarinowii rather than to change the transformation of atrazine in plants. Copper exhibited antagonistic effects with atrazine in term of plant biomass, photosynthesis and oxidative-related responses (malondialdehyde, Ca, Fe and Mn), which might give support to asymmetry interaction between copper and atrazine accumulation in A. tatarinowii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, No. 73, Huanghe Road, Nangang District, Harbin 150090, Heilongjiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, No. 73, Huanghe Road, Nangang District, Harbin 150090, Heilongjiang Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jiazhi Fan
- Yichun Luming Mining Co.,Ltd, Tieli 152500, Heilongjiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, No. 73, Huanghe Road, Nangang District, Harbin 150090, Heilongjiang Province, People's Republic of China
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Hakeem KR, Alharby HF, Pirzadah TB. Exogenously applied calcium regulates antioxidative system and reduces cadmium-uptake in Fagopyrum esculentum. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2022; 180:17-26. [PMID: 35367929 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2022.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Calcium (Ca) being macronutrient plays a prominent role in signal transduction during various abiotic stresses. However, their involvements to alleviate heavy metal stress in plants remain evasive. In the present investigation, we found that application of exogenous Ca to Cd-stressed common buckwheat plants reversed the toxic effects of Cd by enhancing root and shoot length, biomass accumulation and reduced Cd-uptake as revealed by the translocation factor (<1), indicating more Cd is restrained in the roots. Moreover, present data also revealed that exogenous Ca significantly alleviated the Cd-induced oxidative damage by enhancing proline by 66.12% and 47.20% respectively in roots and shoots than control. The decline in the total chlorophyll content upon Ca application in Cd-treated plants was found less (38.96%) compared to buckwheat plants treated with Cd-stress alone (80.2%). APX and POD activities increased by 1.97 and 1.44 times in shoots, respectively, and increased by 2.81and 1.33 times in roots, respectively compared to the Cd-treated plants alone. The mineral content (Ca, K, Mg, Fe, P and S) that were suppressed in Cd-treated plants in both root and shoot were restored upon exogenous Ca application. Further, the correlation analysis showed significant positive correlation among proline and GSH synthesis in the Ca + Cd treatment. The correlations of Ca revealed to be positive with enhanced levels of APX and POD activity. Our data showed that exogenous application of Ca minimizes the Cd-toxicity and modulates the physiological and biochemical pathway in common buckwheat to withstand Cd-induced oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalid Rehman Hakeem
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Princess Dr Najla Bint Saud Al- Saud Center for Excellence Research in Biotechnology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Hesham F Alharby
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Princess Dr Najla Bint Saud Al- Saud Center for Excellence Research in Biotechnology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tanveer Bilal Pirzadah
- University Centre for Research and Development (UCRD), Chandigarh University, Punjab, India
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Yang Z, Yang F, Liu JL, Wu HT, Yang H, Shi Y, Liu J, Zhang YF, Luo YR, Chen KM. Heavy metal transporters: Functional mechanisms, regulation, and application in phytoremediation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 809:151099. [PMID: 34688763 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/16/2021] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal pollution in soil is a global problem with serious impacts on human health and ecological security. Phytoextraction in phytoremediation, in which plants uptake and transport heavy metals (HMs) to the tissues of aerial parts, is the most environmentally friendly method to reduce the total amount of HMs in soil and has wide application prospects. However, the molecular mechanism of phytoextraction is still under investigation. The uptake, translocation, and retention of HMs in plants are mainly mediated by a variety of transporter proteins. A better understanding of the accumulation strategy of HMs via transporters in plants is a prerequisite for the improvement of phytoextraction. In this review, the biochemical structure and functions of HM transporter families in plants are systematically summarized, with emphasis on their roles in phytoremediation. The accumulation mechanism and regulatory pathways related to hormones, regulators, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) of HMs concerning these transporters are described in detail. Scientific efforts and practices for phytoremediation carried out in recent years suggest that creation of hyperaccumulators by transgenic or gene editing techniques targeted to these transporters and their regulators is the ultimate powerful path for the phytoremediation of HM contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Fan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jia-Lan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hai-Tao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yi Shi
- Guangdong Kaiyuan Environmental Technology Co., Ltd, Dongguan 523000, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Guangdong Kaiyuan Environmental Technology Co., Ltd, Dongguan 523000, China
| | - Yan-Feng Zhang
- Hybrid Rapeseed Research Center of Shaanxi Province, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yan-Rong Luo
- Guangdong Kaiyuan Environmental Technology Co., Ltd, Dongguan 523000, China.
| | - Kun-Ming Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
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Kamran M, Wang D, Xie K, Lu Y, Shi C, El Sabagh A, Gu W, Xu P. Pre-sowing seed treatment with kinetin and calcium mitigates salt induced inhibition of seed germination and seedling growth of choysum (Brassica rapa var. parachinensis). ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 227:112921. [PMID: 34678626 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/17/2021] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, improving plants' resistance towards abiotic stresses with exogenous application of plant growth regulators and nutrients has emerged as a matter of great interest. The present study assessed the potential roles of kinetin (Kn, 0.2 mM) and calcium (Ca, 2 mM) in mitigating the salt (200 mM NaCl) induced inhibitory effects on seed germination and growth of choysum seedlings. The results indicated that NaCl stress significantly reduced the seed germination percentage (42.6%), germination potential (42.0%), germination index (52.1%), seedling vigor index (65.2%), and declined the fresh weight (43.8%), dry weight (52.2%), radicle length (37.2%), and plumule length (41.2%) of germinated seeds, compared to control treatment. The delayed germination and decrease in seedling growth were positively correlated with salinity-induced hormonal imbalance, ion toxicity, and oxidative stress. However, Kn and Ca pretreatment partially mitigated the adverse effects of NaCl stress, evident by early germination and enhanced seedling growth. Kn and Ca effectively increased the accumulation of proline, soluble protein, and soluble sugars, and upregulated the activities of superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, catalase, and ascorbate peroxidase that significantly reduced the production of malondialdehyde, hydrogen peroxide, and superoxide anions in germinating seeds, thereby minimizing the NaCl-induced oxidative damages. Moreover, Kn and Ca pretreatment counteracted the NaCl-induced ionic toxicity by decreasing Na+ and increasing K+ contents and maintained a balanced Na+/K+ ratio in radicles and plumules of choysum seeds. Additionally, Kn and Ca under NaCl stress enhanced hormonal regulation by decreasing the ABA levels with a concomitant increase of GAs (especially GA4) levels and promoted early germination. Remarkably, the co-application of Kn and Ca was most effective by completely counteracting the inhibitory effects of NaCl and maintaining seed germination kinetics, seedling growth, and biochemical parameters almost similar to that in the stress-free control treatment. These results demonstrate that supplementation of Kn and Ca on choysum seeds is an effective chemical strategy regulating the various physiological and biochemical responses that would result in better germination and growth of seeds under stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Kamran
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer in South Region, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nutrient Cycling and Farmland Conservation, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Maoming 525000, China; College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| | - Dan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer in South Region, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nutrient Cycling and Farmland Conservation, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Maoming 525000, China
| | - Kaizhi Xie
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer in South Region, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nutrient Cycling and Farmland Conservation, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Maoming 525000, China
| | - Yusheng Lu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer in South Region, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nutrient Cycling and Farmland Conservation, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Maoming 525000, China
| | - Chaohong Shi
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer in South Region, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nutrient Cycling and Farmland Conservation, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Maoming 525000, China
| | - Ayman El Sabagh
- Department of Field Crops, Siirt University, Turkey; Department of Agronomy, University of Kafrelsheikh University, Egypt
| | - Wenjie Gu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer in South Region, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nutrient Cycling and Farmland Conservation, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Maoming 525000, China.
| | - Peizhi Xu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer in South Region, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nutrient Cycling and Farmland Conservation, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Maoming 525000, China.
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11
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Liang C, Zhang Y, Ren X. Calcium regulates antioxidative isozyme activity for enhancing rice adaption to acid rain stress. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 306:110876. [PMID: 33775371 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2021.110876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/06/2021] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Acid rain, as a typical abiotic stress, damages plant growth and production. Calcium (Ca) mediates plant growth and links the signal transduction in plants for adapting to abiotic stresses. To understand the effect of Ca2+ on plant adaptable response to acid rain, we investigated changes in activities and gene expression of antioxidative enzymes and fatty acid composition of membrane lipid in rice seedlings treated with exogenous Ca2+ (5 mM) or/and simulated acid rain (SAR, pH 3.5 / 2.5). Exogenous Ca2+ enhanced activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase and peroxidase isozymes in rice leaves under SAR stress by promoting activation of existing isoforms and up-regulation of Cu/Zn-SOD1, Cu/Zn-SOD2, Cu/Zn-SOD3, CAT1, CAT2 and POD1. Compared to SAR treatment alone, exogenous Ca2+ alleviated SAR-induced oxidative damage to cell membrane by enhancing antioxidative capacity, as shown by the decrease in concentrations of H2O2, O2- and malondialdehyde in rice leaves. Meanwhile, Ca2+ alleviated SAR-induced decrease in unsaturation of membrane lipid for maintaining membrane fluidity. Finally, exogenous Ca2+ alleviated SAR-induced inhibition on relative growth rate of rice. Therefore, Ca2+ could play a role in regulating activities of antioxidative enzymes as well as maintaining unsaturation of membrane lipid for enhancing tolerance in rice seedlings to acid rain stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chanjuan Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China; Jiangsu Cooperative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment, China.
| | - Yuanqi Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Xiaoqian Ren
- Jiangsu Cooperative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment, China
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12
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Tailoring Alginate/Chitosan Microparticles Loaded with Chemical and Biological Agents for Agricultural Application and Production of Value-Added Foods. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11094061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This work reviews the recent development of biopolymer-based delivery systems for agricultural application. Encapsulation into biopolymer microparticles ensures the protection and targeted delivery of active agents while offering controlled release with higher efficiency and environmental safety for ecological and sustainable plant production. Encapsulation of biological agents provides protection and increases its survivability while providing an environment safe for growth. The application of microparticles loaded with chemical and biological agents presents an innovative way to stimulate plant metabolites synthesis. This enhances plants’ defense against pests and pathogens and results in the production of higher quality food (i.e., higher plant metabolites share). Ionic gelation was presented as a sustainable method in developing biopolymeric microparticles based on the next-generation biopolymers alginate and chitosan. Furthermore, this review highlights the advantages and disadvantages of advanced formulations against conventional ones. The significance of plant metabolites stimulation and their importance in functional food production is also pointed out. This review offers guidelines in developing biopolymeric microparticles loaded with chemical and biological agents and guidelines for the application in plant production, underlining its effect on the plant metabolites synthesis.
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13
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Souri Z, Karimi N, Ahmad P. The effect of NADPH oxidase inhibitor diphenyleneiodonium (DPI) and glutathione (GSH) on Isatis cappadocica, under Arsenic (As) toxicity. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2021; 23:945-957. [PMID: 33472408 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2020.1870435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The present work was conducted to assess the effects of arsenic (As, 1000 µM), diphenyleneiodonium (DPI, 10 µM) and reduced glutathione (GSH, 500 µM) on Isatis cappadocica. As treatment decreased plant growth and fresh and dry weight of shoot and root and also enhanced the accumulation of As. As stress also enhanced the oxidative stress biomarkers, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and malondialdehyde (MDA) content. However, the application of GSH decreased the content of H2O2 and MDA by 43% and 55%, respectively, as compared to As treatment. The antioxidants like superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), glutathione reductase (GR) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) also enhanced with As stress. NADPH oxidase inhibitor, the DPI, enhances the effect of As toxicity by increasing the accumulation of As, H2O2, MDA. DPI also enhances the activity of antioxidant enzymes except GR and GST, However, the application GSH increased the plant growth and biomass yield, decreases accumulation of As, H2O2 and MDA content in As as well as As + DPI treated plants. The thiols content [total thiol (TT), non-protein thiol (NPT) protein thiols (PT), and glutathione (GSH)] were decreased in the As + DPI treatment but supplementation of GSH enhanced them. Novelty statement: The study reveals the beneficial role of GSH in mitigating the deleterious effects of Arsenic toxicity through its active involvement in the antioxidant metabolism, thiol synthesis and osmolyte accumulation. Apart from As, We provided the plants NADPH oxidase inhibitor, the diphenyleneiodonium (DPI), which boosts the As toxicity. At present, there is dearth of information pertaining to the effects of DPI on plants growth and their responses under heavy metal stress.GSH application reversed the effect of diphenyleneiodonium (DPI) under As stress preventing the oxidative damage to biomolecules through the modulation of different antioxidant enzymes. The application of GSH for As stressed soil could be a sustainable approach for crop production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Souri
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Naser Karimi
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
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14
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Ahmad A, Khan WU, Ali Shah A, Yasin NA, Naz S, Ali A, Tahir A, Iram Batool A. Synergistic effects of nitric oxide and silicon on promoting plant growth, oxidative stress tolerance and reduction of arsenic uptake in Brassica juncea. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 262:128384. [PMID: 33182105 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic (As) polluted food chain has become a serious issue for the growth and development of humans, animals and plants. Nitric oxide (NO) or silicon (Si) may mitigate As toxicity. However, the combined application of NO and Si in mitigating As uptake and phytotoxicity in Brassica juncea is unknown. Hence, the collegial effect of sodium nitroprusside (SNP), a NO donor and Si application on B. juncea growth, gas exchange parameters, antioxidant system and As uptake was examined in a greenhouse experiment. Arsenic toxicity injured cell membrane as signposted by the elevated level of malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), thus decreasing the growth of stressed plants. Moreover, As stress negatively affected gas exchange parameters and antioxidative system of plants. However, NO or/and Si alleviated As induced oxidative stress through increasing the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione S-transferase (GST), glutathione (GSH), along with thiol and proline synthesis. Furthermore, plants treated with co-application of NO and Si showed improved growth, gas attributes and decreased As uptake under As regimes. The current study highlights that NO and Si synergistically interact to mitigate detrimental effects of As stress through reducing As uptake. Our findings recommend combined NO and Si application in As spiked soils for improvement of plant growth and stress alleviation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aqeel Ahmad
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for New Technology Research of Vegetables/ Vegetable Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Waheed Ullah Khan
- College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Anis Ali Shah
- Department of Botany, University of Narowal, Pakistan
| | | | - Shagufta Naz
- Department of Biotechnology, Lahore College for Women University, Pakistan
| | - Aamir Ali
- Department of Botany, University of Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Arifa Tahir
- Department of Biotechnology, Lahore College for Women University, Pakistan
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15
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Heidarianpour MB, Aliasgharzad N, Olsson PA. Positive effects of co-inoculation with Rhizophagus irregularis and Serendipita indica on tomato growth under saline conditions, and their individual colonization estimated by signature lipids. MYCORRHIZA 2020; 30:455-466. [PMID: 32472206 DOI: 10.1007/s00572-020-00962-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Tomato roots can be colonized by both mycorrhizal fungi and the endophytic fungus Serendipita indica. This study was aimed at assessment of the impact of single or dual inoculation with R. irregularis and S. indica on tomato growth under saline conditions. We used signature compounds to estimate the abundance of each of these two fungi (fatty acid 16:1ω5 for R. irregularis and ergosterol for S. indica) in roots. A randomized block design was applied with four types of inoculation (no fungus, R. irregularis, S. indica or S. indica + R. irregularis) at different levels of salinity (1.2, 5, and 10 dS/m) with four replications per treatment. The plant dry weight was slightly higher in R. irregularis- than S. indica-inoculated plants, and the highest plant biomass was achieved with dual inoculation. R. irregularis increased the content of the neutral lipid fatty acid 16:1ω5 from 97 to 5300 nmol/g and phospholipid fatty acid 16:1ω5 from 8 to 141 nmol/g in roots (at a salinity level of 1.2 dS m-1), but the increases were lower at higher levels of salinity. Moreover, both these arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal markers were slightly decreased in the presence of S. indica. Root ergosterol increased from 7 to 114 μg g-1 with S. indica inoculation. With increasing salinity, the concentration of ergosterol in roots decreased. Inoculation with R. irregularis caused a decrease in root ergosterol. Increasing salinity resulted in an increase of Cl and Na in tomato shoots, but the increase was significantly lower in single- or dual-inoculated plants in contrast to the control plants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nasser Aliasgharzad
- Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Pål Axel Olsson
- Biodiversity, Biology Department, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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16
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Maddela NR, Kakarla D, García LC, Chakraborty S, Venkateswarlu K, Megharaj M. Cocoa-laden cadmium threatens human health and cacao economy: A critical view. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 720:137645. [PMID: 32146410 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In the recent decades, Cd burden in cocoa-based products threatened global food safety, human health and the future of chocolateries. Increased Cd bioavailability is an acute problem in cacao-based horticulture. Poverty, poor maintenance, unjustified traditional farming, and paucity of knowledge on Cd-binding propensity in cacao discourage the application of risk-mitigation measures. Progressive accumulation of Cd, with a half-life of 10-30 years, in the human body even at ultra-trace levels may lead to serious health complications. If Cd accumulates in the food chain through cocoa products, consequences in children, who are the primary consumers of chocolates, include morbidity and mortality that may result in a significant demographic transition by the year 2050. Developing cacao clones with an innate capability of taking up low Cd levels from soils, and site-specific Cd-cacao research might contribute to limiting the trophic transfer of Cd. This review highlights the possible routes for Cd uptake in cacao plants and discusses the measures to rescue the chocolateries from Cd pollution to promote "healthy" cacao farming. The potential human health risks of chocolate-laden Cd and mitigation strategies to minimize Cd burden in the human body are also presented. The challenges and prospects in Cd-cacao research are discussed as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naga Raju Maddela
- Instituto de Investigación, Universidad Técnica de Manabí, Portoviejo 130105, Ecuador; Facultad la Ciencias la Salud, Universidad Técnica de Manabí, Portoviejo 130105, Ecuador
| | - Dhatri Kakarla
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Luz Cecilia García
- Instituto de Investigación, Universidad Técnica de Manabí, Portoviejo 130105, Ecuador; Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad Técnica de Manabí, Portoviejo 130105, Ecuador
| | - Sagnik Chakraborty
- Hebei University of Technology, School of Energy & Environmental Engineering, Beichen, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Kadiyala Venkateswarlu
- Formerly Department of Microbiology, Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Anantapuramu 515003, India
| | - Mallavarapu Megharaj
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment (CRC CARE), The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.
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17
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Jurić S, Sopko Stracenski K, Król-Kilińska Ż, Žutić I, Uher SF, Đermić E, Topolovec-Pintarić S, Vinceković M. The enhancement of plant secondary metabolites content in Lactuca sativa L. by encapsulated bioactive agents. Sci Rep 2020; 10:3737. [PMID: 32111947 PMCID: PMC7048752 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-60690-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Encapsulated bioactive agents applied to the Lactuca sativa L. present an innovative approach to stimulate the production of plant secondary metabolites increasing its nutritive value. Calcium and copper ions were encapsulated in biopolymeric microparticles (microspheres and microcapsules) either as single agents or in combination with biocontrol agents, Trichoderma viride spores, a fungal plant growth mediator. Both, calcium and copper ions are directly involved in the synthesis of plant secondary metabolites and alongside, Trichoderma viride can provide indirect stimulation and higher uptake of nutrients. All treatments with microparticles had a positive effect on the enhancement of plant secondary metabolites content in Lactuca sativa L. The highest increase of chlorophylls, antioxidant activity and phenolic was obtained by calcium-based microparticles in both, conventionally and hydroponically grown lettuces. Non-encapsulated fungus Trichoderma viride enhanced the synthesis of plant secondary metabolites only in hydroponics cultivation signifying the importance of its encapsulation. Encapsulation proved to be simple, sustainable and environmentally favorable for the production of lettuce with increased nutritional quality, which is lettuce fortified with important bioactive compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Slaven Jurić
- University of Zagreb, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Chemistry, Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Żaneta Król-Kilińska
- Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Department of Functional Food Products Development, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Ivanka Žutić
- University of Zagreb, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Vegetable Crops, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Sanja Fabek Uher
- University of Zagreb, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Vegetable Crops, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Edyta Đermić
- University of Zagreb, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Plant Pathology, Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Marko Vinceković
- University of Zagreb, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Chemistry, Zagreb, Croatia.
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18
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Wu Z, Jiang Q, Yan T, Zhang X, Xu S, Shi H, Deng THB, Li F, Du Y, Du R, Hu C, Wang X, Wang F. Ammonium nutrition mitigates cadmium toxicity in rice (Oryza sativa L.) through improving antioxidase system and the glutathione-ascorbate cycle efficiency. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 189:110010. [PMID: 31787381 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.110010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) forms not only affect cadmium (Cd) accumulation in plants, but also affect plant resistance to Cd toxicity. However, few researches have been reported underlying the mechanism of the relationship between nitrogen forms and plant resistance under Cd exposure. Here, we explored the mechanism on how different NO3-/NH4+ ratios affect antioxidase system and the glutathione-ascorbate cycle under five different ratios of NO3-/NH4+ (1:0, 2:1, 1:1, 1:2, 0:1) and three dosages of Cd exposure (0, 1, 5 μmol L-1 Cd) in rice (Oryza sativa L.). The results showed that high NO3- and high Cd exposure both significantly inhibited tissue growth of rice plants, and this inhibiting trend was mitigated with increasing NH4+ ratios as proved by the increased biomass and the decreased concentrations of malonaldehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), as well as the levels of Cd contents in rice tissues. Additionally, high NH4+ ratios elevated the SOD activities in rice tissues, especially at high Cd treatment. However, other two antioxidases (CAT and APX) were insensitive to changes of NO3-/NH4+ ratios (except the full NO3-). Furthermore, high NH4+ ratios induced increasing of the efficiency of glutathione-ascorbate cycle (GSH-AsA) under two levels of Cd exposure, as evidenced by increasing concentrations of GSH and AsA and the activities of GR and DHAR in rice tissues. Overall, these results revealed that ammonium nutrition caused an enhancement resistance to Cd stress in rice plants was responsible for increasing of partial antioxidase system and the efficiencies of GSH-AsA cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhichao Wu
- Public Monitoring Center for Agro-Product of Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China; Key Laboratory of Testing and Evaluation for Agro-product Safety and Quality (Guangzhou), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China; Research Center of Trace Elements/College of Resources and Environment for Huazhong Agricultural University, China
| | - Qi Jiang
- Public Monitoring Center for Agro-Product of Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China; Key Laboratory of Testing and Evaluation for Agro-product Safety and Quality (Guangzhou), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China; Research Center of Trace Elements/College of Resources and Environment for Huazhong Agricultural University, China
| | - Tao Yan
- Public Monitoring Center for Agro-Product of Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China; Key Laboratory of Testing and Evaluation for Agro-product Safety and Quality (Guangzhou), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China; Research Center of Trace Elements/College of Resources and Environment for Huazhong Agricultural University, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Public Monitoring Center for Agro-Product of Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China; Key Laboratory of Testing and Evaluation for Agro-product Safety and Quality (Guangzhou), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China; Research Center of Trace Elements/College of Resources and Environment for Huazhong Agricultural University, China
| | - Shoujun Xu
- Public Monitoring Center for Agro-Product of Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China; Key Laboratory of Testing and Evaluation for Agro-product Safety and Quality (Guangzhou), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China; Research Center of Trace Elements/College of Resources and Environment for Huazhong Agricultural University, China
| | - Hanzhi Shi
- Public Monitoring Center for Agro-Product of Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China; Key Laboratory of Testing and Evaluation for Agro-product Safety and Quality (Guangzhou), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China; Research Center of Trace Elements/College of Resources and Environment for Huazhong Agricultural University, China
| | - Teng-Hao-Bo Deng
- Public Monitoring Center for Agro-Product of Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China; Key Laboratory of Testing and Evaluation for Agro-product Safety and Quality (Guangzhou), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China
| | - Furong Li
- Public Monitoring Center for Agro-Product of Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China; Key Laboratory of Testing and Evaluation for Agro-product Safety and Quality (Guangzhou), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China
| | - Yingqiong Du
- Public Monitoring Center for Agro-Product of Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China; Key Laboratory of Testing and Evaluation for Agro-product Safety and Quality (Guangzhou), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China
| | - Ruiying Du
- Public Monitoring Center for Agro-Product of Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China; Key Laboratory of Testing and Evaluation for Agro-product Safety and Quality (Guangzhou), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China
| | - Chengxiao Hu
- Research Center of Trace Elements/College of Resources and Environment for Huazhong Agricultural University, China
| | - Xu Wang
- Public Monitoring Center for Agro-Product of Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China; Key Laboratory of Testing and Evaluation for Agro-product Safety and Quality (Guangzhou), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China.
| | - Fuhua Wang
- Public Monitoring Center for Agro-Product of Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China; Key Laboratory of Testing and Evaluation for Agro-product Safety and Quality (Guangzhou), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China; Research Center of Trace Elements/College of Resources and Environment for Huazhong Agricultural University, China.
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19
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Valivand M, Amooaghaie R, Ahadi A. Seed priming with H 2S and Ca 2+ trigger signal memory that induces cross-adaptation against nickel stress in zucchini seedlings. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2019; 143:286-298. [PMID: 31539758 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2019.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Revised: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the effect of seed priming with sodium hydro sulfide (NaHS) and CaCl2 as well as the possible relationship between them in inducing post-germinative cross-adaptation in zucchini seedlings (cv Courgette d'Italie) were investigated. Results showed that Ni toxicity reduced plant growth and photosynthetic pigments, decreased the content of ascorbate (AsA) and total thiols, increased hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) content and electrolyte leakage (EL), up-regulated the transcription levels of Ca2+-dependent protein kinase (CDPK) and phytochelatin (PCs) genes and elevated H2S content in leaves of zucchini seedlings. Individual or combined seed priming with Ca2+ and NaHS improved the content of photosynthetic pigments and seedling biomass, reduced H2O2 content and EL, increased the content of AsA and total thiols, decreased ascorbate peroxidase activity and enhanced glutathione reductase activity in leaves. These findings suggest the last time effect of seed priming with Ca2+ and NaHS on inducing cross-adaptation in seedlings under Ni stress. H2S accumulation and other responses induced with Ca2+ in leaves were weakened with hypotaurine (HT as H2S scavenger), denoting seed priming with Ca2+ established cross-adaptation in a H2S-dependent manner. Seed priming with NaHS amplified CDPK transcripts in leaves of seedlings and seed priming with ethylene glycol tetraacetic acid (as Ca2+ chelator), lanthanum chloride and verapamil (as plasma membrane channel blockers) reduced transcript levels of CDPK and PCs genes and reversed impacts of seed priming with NaHS. These results indicated that the cross-adaptation induced with NaHS is mediated through Ca2+ signaling. Overall our findings suggest that two-side cross-talk between Ca2+ and H2S is involved in the acquisition of a signal memory in seed embryo cells which can be employed upon a later Ni-exposure and more strongly enhance AsA-GSH cycle, redox homeostasis and phytochelatin transcripts in leaves of zucchini seedlings grown from primed seeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Valivand
- Plant Science Department, Science Faculty, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran.
| | - Rayhaneh Amooaghaie
- Plant Science Department, Science Faculty, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran; Biotechnology Research Institute, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Alimohammad Ahadi
- Genetic Department, Science Faculty, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran
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20
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Kanu AS, Ashraf U, Mo Z, Sabir SUR, Baggie I, Charley CS, Tang X. Calcium amendment improved the performance of fragrant rice and reduced metal uptake under cadmium toxicity. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:24748-24757. [PMID: 31240656 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-05779-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) toxicity has detrimental effects on plant metabolism and yield formation. This study examined the effects of Cd stress in rice and the possible role of calcium (Ca) in mitigating oxidative damage caused by Cd in two fragrant rice cultivars, i.e., Guixiangzhan and Meixiangzhan 2. The experimental treatments were composed of various Ca and Cd levels as individual, i.e., Ca at 2.5 and 5.0 mg/kg soil (Ca1 and Ca2, respectively), Cd at 50 and 100 mg/kg soil (Cd50 and Cd100, respectively), and combined, i.e., Ca1+Cd50, Ca1+Cd100, Ca2+Cd50, and Ca2+Cd100. Plants without Ca and Cd application were taken as control (CK). Results showed that Cd stress led to a substantial decline in the photosynthetic pigments, i.e., Chl a, Chl b, and carotenoids, while enhanced oxidative damage in terms of increased levels of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and malondialdehyde (MDA) and electrolyte leakage (EL) in both rice cultivars. Moreover, Cd stress hampered the activities of enzymatic antioxidants, i.e., superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT), with lowest antioxidant activities were recorded at Cd100. The overall trend (lowest to highest) for antioxidant activities across treatments was recorded as Cd100 < Ca2+Cd100 < Cd50 < Ca1+Cd100 < CK < Ca1 < Ca1+Cd50 < Ca2+Cd50 < Ca2. Similarly, Ca amendment improved the proline, soluble protein, and soluble sugar contents in both rice cultivars under Cd stress condition. Comparing Ca2 with CK, the yield and related components, i.e., number of panicles, spikelets per panicle, seed setting rate, 1000 grain weight, and grain yield, were found to increase by 13.08, 2.39, 4.03, 5.86, and 27.53% for Guixiangzhan and 16.48, 5.19, 6.87, 15.44, and 51.16% for Meixiangzhan, respectively. Furthermore, Cd contents in roots, stems, leaves, and grains increased with increased Cd concentration applied and reduced with Ca amendment. The Cd contents in grains for all Ca+Cd levels are statistically at par with each other and significantly lower (P < 0.05) than those for individual Cd application. Hence, Ca amendment can be an appropriate approach to ameliorate the toxic effects of Cd in crops grown under Cd-contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Sheka Kanu
- Department of Crop Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- Sierra Leone Agricultural Research Institute (SLARI)-Rokupr Agricultural Research Centre (RARC), PMB 1313, Freetown, Sierra Leone
| | - Umair Ashraf
- Department of Crop Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
- Department of Botany, University of Education (Lahore), Faisalabad-Campus, Faisalabad, Punjab, 38000, Pakistan.
| | - Zhaowen Mo
- Department of Crop Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Sabeeh-Ur-Rasool Sabir
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agroecosystem, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Idris Baggie
- Sierra Leone Agricultural Research Institute (SLARI)-Rokupr Agricultural Research Centre (RARC), PMB 1313, Freetown, Sierra Leone
| | - Christen Shaka Charley
- Sierra Leone Agricultural Research Institute (SLARI)-Rokupr Agricultural Research Centre (RARC), PMB 1313, Freetown, Sierra Leone
| | - Xiangru Tang
- Department of Crop Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
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Hashem A, Alqarawi AA, Radhakrishnan R, Al-Arjani ABF, Aldehaish HA, Egamberdieva D, Abd_Allah EF. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi regulate the oxidative system, hormones and ionic equilibrium to trigger salt stress tolerance in Cucumis sativus L. Saudi J Biol Sci 2018; 25:1102-1114. [PMID: 30174509 PMCID: PMC6117372 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2018.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Revised: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) association increases plant stress tolerance. This study aimed to determine the mitigation effect of AMF on the growth and metabolic changes of cucumbers under adverse impact of salt stress. Salinity reduced the water content and synthesis of pigments. However, AMF inoculation ameliorated negative effects by enhancing the biomass, synthesis of pigments, activity of antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase and glutathione reductase, and the content of ascorbic acid, which might be the result of lower level lipid peroxidation and electrolyte leakage. An accumulation of phenols and proline in AMF-inoculated plants also mediated the elimination of superoxide radicals. In addition, jasmonic acid, salicylic acid and several important mineral elements (K, Ca, Mg, Zn, Fe, Mn and Cu) were enhanced with significant reductions in the uptake of deleterious ions like Na+. These results suggested that AMF can protect cucumber growth from salt stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abeer Hashem
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box. 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
- Mycology and Plant Disease Survey Department, Plant Pathology Research Institute, ARC, Giza 12511, Egypt
| | - Abdulaziz A. Alqarawi
- Plant Production Department, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box. 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Al-Bandari Fahad Al-Arjani
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box. 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Horiah Abdulaziz Aldehaish
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box. 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Elsayed Fathi Abd_Allah
- Plant Production Department, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box. 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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22
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Cross Talk between Calcium and Reactive Oxygen Species Regulates Hyphal Branching and Ganoderic Acid Biosynthesis in Ganoderma lucidum under Copper Stress. Appl Environ Microbiol 2018; 84:AEM.00438-18. [PMID: 29678914 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00438-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Ganoderma lucidum is among the best known medicinal basidiomycetes due to its production of many pharmacologically active compounds. To study the regulatory networks involved in its growth and development, we analyzed the relationship between reactive oxygen species (ROS) and Ca2+ signaling in the regulation of hyphal branching and ganoderic acid (GA) biosynthesis after Cu2+ treatment. Our results revealed that Cu2+ treatment decreased the distance between hyphal branches and increased the GA content and the intracellular levels of ROS and Ca2+ Further research revealed that the Cu2+-induced changes in hyphal branch distance, GA content, and cytosolic Ca2+ level were dependent on increases in cytosolic ROS. Our results also showed that increased cytosolic Ca2+ could reduce cytosolic ROS by activating antioxidases and modulating Cu2+ accumulation, resulting in feedback to adjust hyphal growth and GA biosynthesis. These results indicated that cytosolic ROS and Ca2+ levels exert important cross talk in the regulation of hyphal growth and GA biosynthesis induced by Cu2+ Taken together, our results provide a reference for analyzing the interactions among different signal transduction pathways with regard to the regulation of growth and development in other filamentous fungi.IMPORTANCEGanoderma lucidum, which is known as an important medicinal basidiomycete, is gradually becoming a model organism for studying environmental regulation and metabolism. In this study, we analyzed the relationship between reactive oxygen species (ROS) and Ca2+ signaling in the regulation of hyphal branching and ganoderic acid (GA) biosynthesis under Cu2+ stress. The results revealed that the Cu2+-induced changes in the hyphal branch distance, GA content, and cytosolic Ca2+ level were dependent on increases in cytosolic ROS. Furthermore, the results indicated that increased cytosolic Ca2+ could reduce cytosolic ROS levels by activating antioxidases and modulating Cu2+ accumulation. The results in this paper indicate that there was important cross talk between cytosolic ROS and Ca2+ levels in the regulation of hyphal growth and GA biosynthesis induced by Cu2.
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Lan XY, Yang B, Yan YY, Li XY, Xu FL. Resistance mechanisms and their difference between the root and leaf of Microsorum pteropus - A novel potential aquatic cadmium hyperaccumulator. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 616-617:480-490. [PMID: 29127802 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.10.271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Revised: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Microsorum pteropus (M. pteropus), an aquatic Polypodiaceae fern, was identified as a novel potential cadmium (Cd) hyperaccumulator in our previous study. This study reveals the Cd-resistance mechanisms and their difference between the root and leaf of M. pteropus based on analyses of photosynthesis, antioxidant systems and gene expression. A high level of Cd at 500μM was used to treat the samples to test the effects of this compound. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), malondialdehyde (MDA) and flavonoids were used as indicators for antioxidant system changes. Five chlorophyll fluorescent parameters including the maximal photochemical efficiency of photosystem II (Fv/Fm), effective quantum yield of photosystem II (Y(II)), photochemical quenching (qP), nonphotochemical quenching (qN) and electron transport rate (ETR) were measured to determine the photosynthetic changes. RNA-sequencing analysis was used to study the changes in gene expression. The results showed that after exposure to high levels of Cd, the concentrations of enzymatic oxidants (SOD and POD) were significantly increased, while the MDA levels were significantly decreased. There were no significant changes for the chlorophyll fluorescent parameters during Cd stress, which indicates that M. pteropus is highly effective at protecting itself. Certain functional genes, including photosystem genes and secondary metabolites, had significantly altered levels of expression. Different Cd-resistance mechanisms were found between the root and leaf tissues of M. pteropus. The root tissues of M. pteropus resist Cd damage using antioxidants, while its leaf tissues mainly protect themselves using photosystem self-protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Yu Lan
- MOE Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban & Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Bin Yang
- MOE Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban & Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yun-Yun Yan
- MOE Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban & Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xin-Yuan Li
- MOE Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban & Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Fu-Liu Xu
- MOE Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban & Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
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24
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Sulfur alleviates cadmium toxicity in rice (Oryza sativa L.) seedlings by altering antioxidant levels. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s12892-017-0072-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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25
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Huang D, Gong X, Liu Y, Zeng G, Lai C, Bashir H, Zhou L, Wang D, Xu P, Cheng M, Wan J. Effects of calcium at toxic concentrations of cadmium in plants. PLANTA 2017; 245:863-873. [PMID: 28204874 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-017-2664-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2016] [Accepted: 02/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
This review provides new insight that calcium plays important roles in plant growth, heavy metal accumulation and translocation, photosynthesis, oxidative damage and signal transduction under cadmium stress. Increasing heavy metal pollution problems have raised word-wide concerns. Cadmium (Cd), being a highly toxic metal, poses potential risks both to ecosystems and human health. Compared with conventional technologies, phytoremediation, being cost-efficient, highly stable and environment-friendly, is believed to be a promising green technology for Cd decontamination. However, Cd can be easily taken up by plants and may cause severe phytotoxicity to plants, thus limiting the efficiency of phytoremediation. Various researches are being done to investigate the effects of exogenous substances on the mitigation of Cd toxicity to plants. Calcium (Ca) is an essential plant macronutrient that involved in various plant physiological processes, such as plant growth and development, cell division, cytoplasmic streaming, photosynthesis and intracellular signaling transduction. Due to the chemical similarity between Ca and Cd, Ca may mediate Cd-induced physiological or metabolic changes in plants. Recent studies have shown that Ca could be used as an exogenous substance to protect plants against Cd stress by the alleviation of growth inhibition, regulation of metal uptake and translocation, improvement of photosynthesis, mitigation of oxidative damages and the control of signal transduction in the plants. The effects of Ca on toxic concentrations of Cd in plants are reviewed. This review also provides new insight that plants with enhanced Ca level have improved resistance to Cd stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danlian Huang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China.
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, China.
| | - Xiaomin Gong
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Yunguo Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China.
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, China.
| | - Guangming Zeng
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Cui Lai
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Hassan Bashir
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Lu Zhou
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Dafei Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Piao Xu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Min Cheng
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Jia Wan
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, China
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26
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Zeng L, Zhu T, Gao Y, Wang Y, Ning C, Björn LO, Chen D, Li S. Effects of Ca addition on the uptake, translocation, and distribution of Cd in Arabidopsis thaliana. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2017; 139:228-237. [PMID: 28152404 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2016] [Revised: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/13/2017] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) pollution poses a risk to human health for its accumulation in soil and crops, but this can be alleviated by calcium (Ca) addition. However, its mechanism remains unclear yet. In this study, Arabidopsis thaliana was used to explore the alleviating effects of Ca on Cd toxicity and its specific function during uptake, upward-translocation, and distribution of Cd. Supplementing plants with 5mM CaCl2 alleviated the intoxication symptoms caused by 50μM CdCl2, such as smaller leaves, early bolting and root browning. Ca addition decreased uptake of Cd, possibly by reducing the physical adsorption of Cd since the root cell membrane was well maintained and lignin deposition was decreased as well, and by decreasing symplastic Cd transport. Expression of the genes involved (AtZIP2 and AtZIP4) was also decreased. In addition, Ca accumulated in the plant shoot to help facilitating the upward-translocation of Cd, with evidence of higher translocation factor and expression of genes that were involved in Ca transport (AtPCR1) and Cd xylem loading (AtHMA2 and AtHMA4). Dithizone-staining of Cd in leaves showed that in Cd+Ca-treated plants, Ca addition initially protected the leaf stomata by preventing Cd from entering guard cells, but with prolonged Cd treatment facilitated the Cd accumulation around trichomes and maybe its excretion. We conclude that Ca promotes the upward-translocation of Cd and changes its distribution in leaves. The results may have relevance for bioremediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihua Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education, School of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Ting Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education, School of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Ya Gao
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education, School of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Yutao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education, School of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Chanjuan Ning
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education, School of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Lars Olof Björn
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education, School of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China; Department of Biology, Molecular Cell Biology, Lund University, Lund 22467, Sweden
| | - Da Chen
- Cooperative Wildlife Research Laboratory and Department of Zoology, Southern Illinois University Carbondale, Carbondale, IL 62901, USA
| | - Shaoshan Li
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education, School of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China.
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Manganese-induced cadmium stress tolerance in rice seedlings: Coordinated action of antioxidant defense, glyoxalase system and nutrient homeostasis. C R Biol 2016; 339:462-474. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crvi.2016.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2016] [Revised: 07/22/2016] [Accepted: 08/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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28
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Erinle KO, Jiang Z, Ma B, Li J, Chen Y, Ur-Rehman K, Shahla A, Zhang Y. Exogenous calcium induces tolerance to atrazine stress in Pennisetum seedlings and promotes photosynthetic activity, antioxidant enzymes and psbA gene transcripts. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2016; 132:403-12. [PMID: 27391035 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2016.06.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2016] [Revised: 06/20/2016] [Accepted: 06/20/2016] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Calcium (Ca) has been reported to lessen oxidative damages in plants by upregulating the activities of antioxidant enzymes. However, atrazine mediated reactive oxygen species (ROS) reduction by Ca is limited. This study therefore investigated the effect of exogenously applied Ca on ROS, antioxidants activity and gene transcripts, the D1 protein (psbA gene), and chlorophyll contents in Pennisetum seedlings pre-treated with atrazine. Atrazine toxicity increased ROS production and enzyme activities (ascorbate peroxidase APX, peroxidase POD, Superoxide dismutase SOD, glutathione-S-transferase GST); but decreased antioxidants (APX, POD, and Cu/Zn SOD) and psbA gene transcripts. Atrazine also decreased the chlorophyll contents, but increased chlorophyll (a/b) ratio. Contrarily, Ca application to atrazine pre-treated seedlings lowered the harmful effects of atrazine by reducing ROS levels, but enhancing the accumulation of total chlorophyll contents. Ca-protected seedlings in the presence of atrazine manifested reduced APX and POD activity, whereas SOD and GST activity was further increased with Ca application. Antioxidant gene transcripts that were down-regulated by atrazine toxicity were up-regulated with the application of Ca. Calcium application also resulted in up-regulation of the D1 protein. In conclusion, ability of calcium to reverse atrazine-induced oxidative damage and calcium regulatory role on GST in Pennisetum was presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kehinde Olajide Erinle
- School of Resources & Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Zhao Jiang
- School of Resources & Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Bingbing Ma
- School of Resources & Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Jinmei Li
- School of Resources & Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Yukun Chen
- School of Resources & Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Khalil Ur-Rehman
- School of Resources & Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Andleeb Shahla
- School of Resources & Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Ying Zhang
- School of Resources & Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China.
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Zouari M, Ben Ahmed C, Elloumi N, Bellassoued K, Delmail D, Labrousse P, Ben Abdallah F, Ben Rouina B. Impact of proline application on cadmium accumulation, mineral nutrition and enzymatic antioxidant defense system of Olea europaea L. cv Chemlali exposed to cadmium stress. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2016; 128:195-205. [PMID: 26946284 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2016.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2015] [Revised: 02/20/2016] [Accepted: 02/24/2016] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Proline plays an important role in plant response to various environmental stresses. However, its involvement in mitigation of heavy metal stress in plants remains elusive. In this study, we examined the effectiveness of exogenous proline (10 and 20 mM) in alleviating cadmium induced inhibitory effects in young olive plants (Olea europaea L. cv. Chemlali) exposed to two Cd levels (10 and 30 mg CdCl2 kg(-1) soil). The Cd treatment induced substantial accumulation of Cd in both root and leaf tissues and a decrease in gas exchange, photosynthetic pigments contents, uptake of essential elements (Ca, Mg and K) and plant biomass. Furthermore, an elevation of antioxidant enzymes activities (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxydase) and proline content in association with relatively high amounts of hydrogen peroxide, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and electrolyte leakage were observed. Interestingly, the application of exogenous proline alleviated the oxidative damage induced by Cd accumulation. In fact, Cd-stressed olive plants treated with proline showed an increase of antioxidant enzymes activities, photosynthetic activity, nutritional status, plant growth and oil content of olive fruit. Generally, it seems that proline supplementation alleviated the deleterious effects of young olive plants exposed to Cd stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Zouari
- Laboratory of Plant Biodiversity and Dynamics of Ecosystems in Arid Area, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia; Laboratory of Improvement of Olive Productivity and Fruit Trees, Olive Tree Institute of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia; University of Limoges, Laboratory of Botany and Cryptogamy, Faculty of Pharmacy of Limoges, Limoges, France.
| | - Chedlia Ben Ahmed
- Laboratory of Plant Biodiversity and Dynamics of Ecosystems in Arid Area, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia; Laboratory of Improvement of Olive Productivity and Fruit Trees, Olive Tree Institute of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Nada Elloumi
- Laboratory of Plant Biodiversity and Dynamics of Ecosystems in Arid Area, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Khaled Bellassoued
- Laboratory of Animal Ecophysiology, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - David Delmail
- Institute of Chemical Sciences of Rennes, University of Rennes 1, Rennes, France
| | - Pascal Labrousse
- University of Limoges, Laboratory of Botany and Cryptogamy, Faculty of Pharmacy of Limoges, Limoges, France
| | - Ferjani Ben Abdallah
- Laboratory of Plant Biodiversity and Dynamics of Ecosystems in Arid Area, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Bechir Ben Rouina
- Laboratory of Improvement of Olive Productivity and Fruit Trees, Olive Tree Institute of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
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Rahman A, Nahar K, Hasanuzzaman M, Fujita M. Calcium Supplementation Improves Na(+)/K(+) Ratio, Antioxidant Defense and Glyoxalase Systems in Salt-Stressed Rice Seedlings. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:609. [PMID: 27242816 PMCID: PMC4864017 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.00609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Accepted: 04/20/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The present study investigates the regulatory role of exogenous calcium (Ca) in developing salt stress tolerance in rice seedlings. Hydroponically grown 13-day-old rice (Oryza sativa L. cv. BRRI dhan47) seedlings were exposed to 200 mM NaCl alone and combined with 2 mM CaCl2 and 2 mM ethylene glycol tetraacetic acid (EGTA, a Ca scavenger) for 3 days. The salt stress caused growth inhibition, chlorosis and water shortage in the rice seedlings. The salt-induced stress disrupted ion homeostasis through Na(+) influx and K(+) efflux, and decreased other mineral nutrient uptake. Salt stress caused oxidative stress in seedlings through lipid peroxidation, loss of plasma membrane integrity, higher reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and methylglyoxal (MG) formation. The salt-stressed seedlings supplemented with exogenous Ca recovered from water loss, chlorosis and growth inhibition. Calcium supplementation in the salt-stressed rice seedlings improved ion homeostasis by inhibition of Na(+) influx and K(+) leakage. Exogenous Ca also improved ROS and MG detoxification by improving the antioxidant defense and glyoxalase systems, respectively. On the other hand, applying EGTA along with salt and Ca again negatively affected the seedlings as EGTA negated Ca activity. It confirms that, the positive responses in salt-stressed rice seedlings to exogenous Ca were for Ca mediated improvement of ion homeostasis, antioxidant defense and glyoxalase system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anisur Rahman
- Laboratory of Plant Stress Responses, Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa UniversityKagawa, Japan
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural UniversityDhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Kamrun Nahar
- Laboratory of Plant Stress Responses, Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa UniversityKagawa, Japan
- Department of Agricultural Botany, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural UniversityDhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Mirza Hasanuzzaman
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural UniversityDhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Masayuki Fujita
- Laboratory of Plant Stress Responses, Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa UniversityKagawa, Japan
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Gong X, Liu Y, Huang D, Zeng G, Liu S, Tang H, Zhou L, Hu X, Zhou Y, Tan X. Effects of exogenous calcium and spermidine on cadmium stress moderation and metal accumulation in Boehmeria nivea (L.) Gaudich. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:8699-8708. [PMID: 26801927 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-6122-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Accepted: 01/14/2016] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a detrimental metal in the environment and it is easily taken up by plants, thus entering the food chain and posing a severe threat to human health. Phytoremediation being low cost, highly stable, and environmentally friendly has been considered as a promising green technology for Cd remediation. The addition of exogenous substances to the culture media has been recognized as an efficient strategy to improve plant phytoremediation capability. Pot trials were conducted to investigate the combined effects of exogenous calcium (Ca) and spermidine (Spd) on Cd-induced toxicity in Boehmeria nivea (L.) Gaudich. (ramie). Results showed that the application of 5-mM exogenous Ca significantly alleviated Cd toxicity in ramie by reducing Cd accumulation, depressing H2O2 and malondialdehyde contents, increasing plants dry weights and chlorophyll concentrations, as well as altering the activities of total superoxide dismutase and guaiacol peroxidase. Furthermore, as a non-Cd hyperaccumulator plant, ramie hyperaccumulated Cd and suffered more severe toxic effects of Cd by the treatment of 1 mM Ca/Cd. The aggravated Cd toxicity could be compensated by the addition of exogenous Spd via the promotion of plant growth and the reduction of the oxidative stress. Overall, the combination effects of 1 mM Ca and Spd appeared to be more superior compared to other treatments in the plants under Cd stress with a higher Cd accumulation ability and the evaluated Cd stress tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomin Gong
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunguo Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, People's Republic of China.
| | - Danlian Huang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangming Zeng
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaobo Liu
- College of Metallurgy and Environmental Research, Central South University, Changsha, 410004, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Tang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Zhou
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi Hu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaoyu Zhou
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaofei Tan
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, People's Republic of China
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Ahmad P, Abdel Latef AA, Abd_Allah EF, Hashem A, Sarwat M, Anjum NA, Gucel S. Calcium and Potassium Supplementation Enhanced Growth, Osmolyte Secondary Metabolite Production, and Enzymatic Antioxidant Machinery in Cadmium-Exposed Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:513. [PMID: 27200003 PMCID: PMC4847423 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.00513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2016] [Accepted: 04/01/2016] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
This work examined the role of exogenously applied calcium (Ca; 50 mM) and potassium (K; 10 mM) (alone and in combination) in alleviating the negative effects of cadmium (Cd; 200 μM) on growth, biochemical attributes, secondary metabolites and yield of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). Cd stress significantly decreased the length and weight (fresh and dry) of shoot and root and yield attributes in terms of number of pods and seed yield (vs. control). Exhibition of decreases in chlorophyll (Chl) a, Chl b, and total Chl was also observed with Cd-exposure when compared to control. However, Cd-exposure led to an increase in the content of carotenoids. In contrast, the exogenous application of Ca and K individually as well as in combination minimized the extent of Cd-impact on previous traits. C. arietinum seedlings subjected to Cd treatment exhibited increased contents of organic solute (proline, Pro) and total protein; whereas, Ca and K-supplementation further enhanced the Pro and total protein content. Additionally, compared to control, Cd-exposure also caused elevation in the contents of oxidative stress markers (hydrogen peroxidase, H2O2; malondialdehyde, MDA) and in the activity of antioxidant defense enzymes (superoxide dismutase, SOD; catalase, CAT; ascorbate peroxidase, APX; glutathione reductase, GR). Ca, K, and Ca + K supplementation caused further enhancements in the activity of these enzymes but significantly decreased contents of H2O2 and MDA, also that of Cd accumulation in shoot and root. The contents of total phenol, flavonoid and mineral elements (S, Mn, Mg, Ca and K) that were also suppressed in Cd stressed plants in both shoot and root were restored to appreciable levels with Ca- and K-supplementation. However, the combination of Ca + K supplementation was more effective in bringing the positive response as compared to individual effect of Ca and K on Cd-exposed C. arietinum. Overall, this investigation suggests that application of Ca and/or K can efficiently minimize Cd-toxicity and eventually improve health and yield in C. arietinum by the cumulative outcome of the enhanced contents of organic solute, secondary metabolites, mineral elements, and activity of antioxidant defense enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parvaiz Ahmad
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, King Saud UniversityRiyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Botany, Sri Pratap CollegeSrinagar, India
- *Correspondence: Parvaiz Ahmad
| | - Arafat A. Abdel Latef
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, South Valley UniversityQena, Egypt
- Biology Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif UniversityTaif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Elsayed F. Abd_Allah
- Department of Plant Production, Faculty of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud UniversityRiyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abeer Hashem
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, King Saud UniversityRiyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Mycology and Plant Disease Survey Department, Agriculture Research Center, Plant Pathology Research InstituteGiza, Egypt
| | - Maryam Sarwat
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity UniversityUttar Pradesh, India
| | - Naser A. Anjum
- Department of Chemistry, Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, University of AveiroAveiro, Portugal
| | - Salih Gucel
- Centre for Environmental Research, Near East UniversityLefkosa, Cyprus
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Rahman A, Mostofa MG, Alam MM, Nahar K, Hasanuzzaman M, Fujita M. Calcium Mitigates Arsenic Toxicity in Rice Seedlings by Reducing Arsenic Uptake and Modulating the Antioxidant Defense and Glyoxalase Systems and Stress Markers. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:340812. [PMID: 26798635 PMCID: PMC4698539 DOI: 10.1155/2015/340812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The effect of exogenous calcium (Ca) on hydroponically grown rice seedlings was studied under arsenic (As) stress by investigating the antioxidant and glyoxalase systems. Fourteen-day-old rice (Oryza sativa L. cv. BRRI dhan29) seedlings were exposed to 0.5 and 1 mM Na2HAsO4 alone and in combination with 10 mM CaCl2 (Ca) for 5 days. Both levels of As caused growth inhibition, chlorosis, reduced leaf RWC, and increased As accumulation in the rice seedlings. Both doses of As in growth medium induced oxidative stress through overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by disrupting the antioxidant defense and glyoxalase systems. Exogenous application of Ca along with both levels of As significantly decreased As accumulation and restored plant growth and water loss. Calcium supplementation in the As-exposed rice seedlings reduced ROS production, increased ascorbate (AsA) content, and increased the activities of monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDHAR), dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and the glyoxalase I (Gly I) and glyoxalase II (Gly II) enzymes compared with seedlings exposed to As only. These results suggest that Ca supplementation improves rice seedlings tolerance to As-induced oxidative stress by reducing As uptake, enhancing their antioxidant defense and glyoxalase systems, and also improving growth and physiological condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anisur Rahman
- Laboratory of Plant Stress Responses, Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Miki-cho, Kita-gun, Kagawa 761-0795, Japan
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Sher-e-Bangla Nagor, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Golam Mostofa
- Laboratory of Plant Stress Responses, Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Miki-cho, Kita-gun, Kagawa 761-0795, Japan
| | - Md. Mahabub Alam
- Laboratory of Plant Stress Responses, Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Miki-cho, Kita-gun, Kagawa 761-0795, Japan
| | - Kamrun Nahar
- Laboratory of Plant Stress Responses, Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Miki-cho, Kita-gun, Kagawa 761-0795, Japan
- Department of Agricultural Botany, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Sher-e-Bangla Nagor, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Mirza Hasanuzzaman
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Sher-e-Bangla Nagor, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Masayuki Fujita
- Laboratory of Plant Stress Responses, Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Miki-cho, Kita-gun, Kagawa 761-0795, Japan
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Srivastava RK, Pandey P, Rajpoot R, Rani A, Gautam A, Dubey RS. Exogenous application of calcium and silica alleviates cadmium toxicity by suppressing oxidative damage in rice seedlings. PROTOPLASMA 2015; 252:959-75. [PMID: 25413289 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-014-0731-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2014] [Accepted: 11/04/2014] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The present study was undertaken to examine the possible roles of calcium (Ca(2+)) and silica (Si) in protection against oxidative damage due to Cd(2+) toxicity in rice (Oryza sativa L.) seedlings grown in hydroponics. Rice seedlings raised for 12 days in hydroponics containing Cd(NO3)2 (75 μM) showed reduced growth; increase in the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) (O2 (·-) and H2O2), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARSs) and protein carbonylation; and increase in the activity of antioxidant enzymes-superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and guaiacol peroxidase (GPX) compared to untreated controls. Exogenously added Ca(2+) (2 mM) and Si (200 μM) significantly alleviated negative effect of Cd(2+) by restoration of growth of the seedlings, suppression of Cd(2+) uptake and restoration of root plasma membrane integrity. The levels of O2 (·-), H2O2, lipid peroxidation and protein carbonyls were much lower when Ca(2+) and Si were added in the growth medium along with Cd(2+) as compared to Cd-alone-treated seedlings. Ca(2+) and Si lowered Cd-induced increase in SOD, GPX and APX activities while they elevated Cd-induced decline in CAT activity. Using histochemical staining of O2 (·-) and H2O2 in leaf tissues, it was further confirmed that added Ca(2+) and Si suppressed Cd-induced accumulation of O2 (·-) and H2O2 in the leaves. The results suggest that exogenous application of Ca(2+) and Si appears to be advantageous for rice plants in alleviating Cd(2+) toxicity effects by reducing Cd(2+) uptake, decreasing ROS production and suppressing oxidative damage. The observations indicate that Ca(2+) and Si treatments can help in reducing Cd(2+) toxicity in rice plants.
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Anjum NA, Sofo A, Scopa A, Roychoudhury A, Gill SS, Iqbal M, Lukatkin AS, Pereira E, Duarte AC, Ahmad I. Lipids and proteins--major targets of oxidative modifications in abiotic stressed plants. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 22:4099-121. [PMID: 25471723 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-014-3917-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2014] [Accepted: 11/24/2014] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Stress factors provoke enhanced production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in plants. ROS that escape antioxidant-mediated scavenging/detoxification react with biomolecules such as cellular lipids and proteins and cause irreversible damage to the structure of these molecules, initiate their oxidation, and subsequently inactivate key cellular functions. The lipid- and protein-oxidation products are considered as the significant oxidative stress biomarkers in stressed plants. Also, there exists an abundance of information on the abiotic stress-mediated elevations in the generation of ROS, and the modulation of lipid and protein oxidation in abiotic stressed plants. However, the available literature reflects a wide information gap on the mechanisms underlying lipid- and protein-oxidation processes, major techniques for the determination of lipid- and protein-oxidation products, and on critical cross-talks among these aspects. Based on recent reports, this article (a) introduces ROS and highlights their relationship with abiotic stress-caused consequences in crop plants, (b) examines critically the various physiological/biochemical aspects of oxidative damage to lipids (membrane lipids) and proteins in stressed crop plants, (c) summarizes the principles of current technologies used to evaluate the extent of lipid and protein oxidation, (d) synthesizes major outcomes of studies on lipid and protein oxidation in plants under abiotic stress, and finally, (e) considers a brief cross-talk on the ROS-accrued lipid and protein oxidation, pointing to the aspects unexplored so far.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naser A Anjum
- CESAM-Centre for Environmental & Marine Studies and Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal,
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Talukdar D, Talukdar T. Coordinated response of sulfate transport, cysteine biosynthesis, and glutathione-mediated antioxidant defense in lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) genotypes exposed to arsenic. PROTOPLASMA 2014; 251:839-855. [PMID: 24276371 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-013-0586-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2013] [Accepted: 11/10/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Response of sulfate transporters, thiol metabolism, and antioxidant defense system was studied in roots of two lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) genotypes grown in arsenic (10, 25, and 40 μM As(V))-supplemented nutrient solution, and significant changes compared to control (0 μM As(V)) were observed mainly at 25 and 40 μM. In L 414, high glutathione (GSH) redox (0.8-0.9) was maintained with elevated thiol synthesis, powered by transcriptional up-regulation of LcSultr1;1 and LcSultr1;2 sulfate transporters and significant induction of LcSAT1;1 and LcSAT1;2 (serine acetyltransferase), OAS-TL (O-acetylserine(thiol)-lyase), γ-ECS (γ-glutamylcysteine synthetase), and PCS (phytochelatin synthase) genes predominantly within 12-24 h of As exposure at 25 μM and within 6-12 h at 40 μM. This thiolic potency in L 414 roots was effectively complemented by up-regulation of gene expressions and consequent enhanced activities of superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase (APX), dehydroascorbate reductase, glutathione reductase (GR), and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) isoforms at 25 and 40 μMAs, efficiently scavenging excess reactive oxygen species to prevent onset of As-induced oxidative stress and consequent inhibition of root growth in L 414. In contrast, down-regulation of vital sulfate-uptake transporters as well as entire thiol-metabolizing system and considerably low APX, GST, and GR expressions in DPL 59 not only resulted in reduced GSH redox but also led to over-accumulation of H2O2. This triggered membrane lipid peroxidations as the marks of As-induced oxidative damage. Results indicated coordinated response of thiol-metabolism and antioxidant defense in conferring As-tolerance in lentil, and GSH is the key point in this cascade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dibyendu Talukdar
- Plant Cell and Stress Biology Lab, Department of Botany, R.P.M. College, University of Calcutta, Uttarpara, 712258, West Bengal, India,
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Superoxide-dismutase deficient mutants in common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.): genetic control, differential expressions of isozymes, and sensitivity to arsenic. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 2013:782450. [PMID: 24078924 PMCID: PMC3771264 DOI: 10.1155/2013/782450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2013] [Accepted: 07/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Two common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) mutants, sodPv 1 and sodPv 2, exhibiting foliar superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity of only 25% and 40% of their mother control (MC) cv. VL 63 were isolated in EMS-mutagenized (0.15%, 8 h) M2 progeny. Native-PAGE analysis revealed occurrence of Mn SOD, Fe SOD, Cu/Zn SOD I and Cu/Zn SOD II isozymes in MC, while Fe SOD, and Mn SOD were not formed in sodPv 1 and sodPv 2 leaves, respectively. In-gel activity of individual isozymes differed significantly among the parents. SOD deficiency is inherited as recessive mutations, controlled by two different nonallelic loci. Gene expressions using qRT PCR confirmed higher expressions of Cu/Zn SOD transcripts in both mutants and the absence of Fe SOD in sodPv 1 and Mn SOD in sodPv 2. In 50 μM arsenic, Cu/Zn SODs genes were further upregulated but other isoforms downregulated in the two mutants, maintaining SOD activity in its control level. In an F2 double mutants of sodPv 1 × sodPv 2, no Fe SOD, and Mn SOD expressions were detectable, while both Cu/Zn SODs are down-regulated and arsenic-induced leaf necrosis appeared. In contrast to both mutants, ROS-imaging study revealed overaccumulation of both superoxides and H2O2 in leaves of double mutant.
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Pandey P, Srivastava RK, Dubey RS. Salicylic acid alleviates aluminum toxicity in rice seedlings better than magnesium and calcium by reducing aluminum uptake, suppressing oxidative damage and increasing antioxidative defense. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2013; 22:656-670. [PMID: 23479061 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-013-1058-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/01/2013] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Aluminum toxicity is a major constraint to crop production in acid soils. The present study was undertaken to examine the comparative ameliorating effects of salicylic acid, Ca and Mg on Al toxicity in rice (Oryza sativa L.) seedlings grown in hydroponics. Al treatment (0.5 mM AlCl3) caused decrease in plant vigour, loss of root plasma membrane integrity, increased contents of O 2 (∙-) , H2O2, lipid peroxidation, protein carbonyls and decline in the level of protein thiol. Al treatment caused significant changes in activity of antioxidative enzymes in rice seedlings. Exogenously added salicylic acid (60 μM), Ca (1 mM) and Mg (0.25 mM) significantly alleviated Al toxicity effects in the seedlings marked by restoration of growth, suppression of Al uptake, restoration of root plasma membrane integrity and decline in O 2 (∙-) , H2O2, lipid peroxidation and protein carbonyl contents. Salicylic acid, Ca and Mg suppressed Al-induced increase in SOD, GPX and APX activities while it elevated Al-induced decline in CAT activity. By histochemical staining of O 2 (∙-) using NBT and H2O2 using DAB, it was further confirmed that added salicylic acid, Ca or Mg decreased Al-induced accumulation of O 2 (∙-) and H2O2 in the leaf tissues. Results indicate that exogenously added salicylic acid, Ca or Mg alleviates Al toxicity in rice seedlings by suppressing Al uptake, restoring root membrane integrity, reducing ROS level and ROS induced oxidative damage and regulating the level of antioxidative enzyme activities. Further salicylic appears to be superior to Mg and Ca in alleviating Al toxicity effects in rice plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poonam Pandey
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
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