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Lekbua A, Thiruppathy D, Coker J, Weng Y, Askarian F, Kousha A, Marotz C, Hauw A, Nizet V, Zengler K. SkinCom, a synthetic skin microbial community, enables reproducible investigations of the human skin microbiome. CELL REPORTS METHODS 2024; 4:100832. [PMID: 39111313 DOI: 10.1016/j.crmeth.2024.100832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024]
Abstract
Existing models of the human skin have aided our understanding of skin health and disease. However, they currently lack a microbial component, despite microbes' demonstrated connections to various skin diseases. Here, we present a robust, standardized model of the skin microbial community (SkinCom) to support in vitro and in vivo investigations. Our methods lead to the formation of an accurate, reproducible, and diverse community of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. Subsequent testing of SkinCom on the dorsal skin of mice allowed for DNA and RNA recovery from both the applied SkinCom and the dorsal skin, highlighting its practicality for in vivo studies and -omics analyses. Furthermore, 66% of the responses to common cosmetic chemicals in vitro were in agreement with a human trial. Therefore, SkinCom represents a valuable, standardized tool for investigating microbe-metabolite interactions and facilitates the experimental design of in vivo studies targeting host-microbe relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asama Lekbua
- Division of Host-Microbe Systems & Therapeutics, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; School of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Deepan Thiruppathy
- Division of Host-Microbe Systems & Therapeutics, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Joanna Coker
- Division of Host-Microbe Systems & Therapeutics, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Yuhan Weng
- Division of Host-Microbe Systems & Therapeutics, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Program, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Fatemeh Askarian
- Division of Host-Microbe Systems & Therapeutics, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Armin Kousha
- Division of Host-Microbe Systems & Therapeutics, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Clarisse Marotz
- Division of Host-Microbe Systems & Therapeutics, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Amber Hauw
- Division of Host-Microbe Systems & Therapeutics, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Victor Nizet
- Division of Host-Microbe Systems & Therapeutics, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Glycobiology Research and Training Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Karsten Zengler
- Division of Host-Microbe Systems & Therapeutics, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Program in Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
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Chen M, Wang R, Wang T. Gut microbiota and skin pathologies: Mechanism of the gut-skin axis in atopic dermatitis and psoriasis. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 141:112658. [PMID: 39137625 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) and psoriasis are chronic skin diseases with a global impact, posing significant challenges to public health systems and severely affecting patients' quality of life. This review delves into the key role of the gut microbiota in these diseases, emphasizing the importance of the gut-skin axis in inflammatory mediators and immune regulation and revealing a complex bidirectional communication system. We comprehensively assessed the pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, and treatment strategies for AD and psoriasis, with a particular focus on how the gut microbiota and their metabolites influence disease progression via the gut-skin axis. In addition, personalized treatment plans based on individual patient microbiome characteristics have been proposed, offering new perspectives for future treatment approaches. We call for enhanced interdisciplinary cooperation to further explore the interactions between gut microbiota and skin diseases and to assess the potential of drugs and natural products in modulating the gut-skin axis, aiming to advance the treatment of skin diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou 318000, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou 318000, China.
| | - Ting Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou 318000, China.
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Carra JB, Wessel KBB, Pereira GN, Oliveira MC, Pattini PMT, Masquetti BL, Amador IR, Bruschi ML, Casagrande R, Georgetti SR, Verri WA, Nakazato G, Vignoli JA, Camilios-Neto D, Baracat MM. Bioadhesive Polymeric Films Containing Rhamnolipids, An Innovative Antimicrobial Topical Formulation. AAPS PharmSciTech 2024; 25:177. [PMID: 39085675 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-024-02895-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Acne affects most of the world's population, causing an impact on the self-esteem of adolescents and young adults. One of the causes is the presence of the bacteria Cutibacterium acnes which are part of the natural microbiota of the skin. Topical treatments consist of anti-inflammatory and antibiotics, which could select resistant strains. Alternatives to the antibiotic are biocomposites that have antimicrobial activity like biosurfactants which are produced by bacteria. An innovative way of applying these compounds is bioadhesive polymeric films that adhere to the skin and release the active principle topically. Rhamnolipids have great potential to be used in the treatment of acne because they present antimicrobial activity against C. acnes in low and safe concentrations (MIC of 15.62 µg/mL, CBM of 31.25 µg/mL and CC50 of 181.93 µg/mL). Four films with different rhamnolipids concentrations (0.0; 0.1; 0.2; and 0.3%, w/w) were obtained as to visual appearance, mass variation, thickness, density, solubility, pH, water vapor transmission, mechanical properties (folding endurance, bioadhesion strength, tensile strength, elongation at break and Young's modulus), scanning electron microscopy and infrared. The results show that these formulations had a homogeneous appearance; elastic mechanical properties; pH similar to human skin and bioadhesive. The polymeric films containing rhamnolipids were effective against C. acnes, in the in vitro test, at the three concentrations tested, the film with the highest concentration (0.3%, w/w) being the most promising for presenting the highest antimicrobial activity. Thus, the polymeric film containing rhamnolipids has the potential to be used in the treatment of acne.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jéssica B Carra
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, PR-445, Km 380 - Campus Universitário, Londrina, Paraná, 86057-970, Brazil
| | - Kamila B B Wessel
- Departamento de Bioquímica E Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, PR-445, Km 380 - Campus Universitário, Londrina, Paraná, 86057-970, Brazil
| | - Giovana N Pereira
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Mariana C Oliveira
- Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Pietra M T Pattini
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Bianca L Masquetti
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Ismael R Amador
- Departamento de Bioquímica E Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, PR-445, Km 380 - Campus Universitário, Londrina, Paraná, 86057-970, Brazil
| | - Marcos L Bruschi
- Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Rúbia Casagrande
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Sandra R Georgetti
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Waldiceu A Verri
- Departamento de Ciências Patológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Gerson Nakazato
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Josiane A Vignoli
- Departamento de Bioquímica E Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, PR-445, Km 380 - Campus Universitário, Londrina, Paraná, 86057-970, Brazil
| | - Doumit Camilios-Neto
- Departamento de Bioquímica E Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, PR-445, Km 380 - Campus Universitário, Londrina, Paraná, 86057-970, Brazil.
| | - Marcela M Baracat
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, PR-445, Km 380 - Campus Universitário, Londrina, Paraná, 86057-970, Brazil.
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil.
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Yan Q, Zhang F, Qiao Z, Jin Y, Zheng R, Wu J. Investigating the mechanism of PAD in the treatment of acne based on network pharmacology and molecular docking: A review. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e38785. [PMID: 39029003 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000038785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Acne is a common and chronic skin condition characterized by high incidence, recurrent symptoms and difficult cure. Summarizing the clinical treatment experience, it was found that the powder for ascending and descending was effective in the treatment of acne. Our aim was to use network pharmacology and molecular docking to reveal the hub genes, biological functions, and signaling pathways of powder for ascending and descending against acne. First, the chemical components and target genes of PAD were sifted using the TCMSP and HERB database. The targets of acne were obtained simultaneously from the CTD, OMIM and GeneCards database. The obtained drug targets and disease targets were imported into the R language software to draw Venn diagrams. Then, the potential targets were imported into the String website to construct a protein interaction network diagram. And Cytoscape software was used for topological analysis to screen the core targets, and the core targets were analyzed by GO functional enrichment and KEGG pathway enrichment. Finally, molecular docking was used to verify the predictions of key genes' reliability. The core targets of the treatment of acne were TNF, GADPH, IL-6 and so on. The results of enrichment analysis showed that the treatment of acne with PAD may be related to TNF signaling pathway and AGE-RAGE signaling pathway. The molecular docking verification showed that the components were well bound to the core targets of acne, and the docking ability of stigmasterol and TNF (-12.73 kcal/mol) was particularly outstanding.
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Affiliation(s)
- QianJun Yan
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, China
| | - Fang Zhang
- Department of Integrated of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Anqing 116 Hospital, Anqing, Anhui, China
| | - Zukang Qiao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yangzi Jin
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Hangzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ruyi Zheng
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiani Wu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Hangzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Yu R, Yu L, Ning X, Cui Y. Investigating Propionibacterium acnes antibiotic susceptibility and response to bacteriophage in vitro and in vivo. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1424849. [PMID: 38974030 PMCID: PMC11224150 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1424849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction A total of 94 Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes) isolates were obtained from a hospital in Beijing to evaluate their susceptibility to erythromycin, clarithromycin, doxycycline, and minocycline. As well as the determination of the effectiveness of P. acnes phages in vitro and in P. acnes-induced lesions mouse model. Methods Patients with acne vulgaris (AV) were enrolled from August 2021 to October 2022. Standard methods were employed for specimen collection, culture, and identification of P. acnes. Susceptibility testing was conducted using E-strips for erythromycin, clarithromycin, minocycline, and doxycycline. Phage culture and identification followed standard procedures. A mouse model with P. acnes-induced skin lesions was established, and data was analyzed using χ 2 test. Results The results showed that all isolates were susceptible to minocycline and doxycycline, while 53 (56.4%) and 52 (55.3%) isolates were susceptible to erythromycin and clarithromycin, respectively. Interestingly, younger patients and those with lower acne severity exhibited reduced resistance. Phage cleavage rates ranged from 88.30 to 93.60%. Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) analysis was conducted on eight randomly selected P. acnes isolates, and the IA-2 subtype was used in experiments to address P. acnes-induced lesions in mice. Phage therapy proved effective in this model. Discussion This study highlights the high susceptibility of P. acnes to doxycycline and tetracycline, while erythromycin and clarithromycin exhibited elevated resistance. Additionally, P. acnes phages demonstrated high cleavage rates and potential effectiveness in treating P. acnes-induced lesions. These findings suggest promising avenues for further exploration of phage therapy in acne treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruixing Yu
- Department of Dermatology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lingyun Yu
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoli Ning
- Department of Dermatology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
- Peking University China-Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Cui
- Department of Dermatology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
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Ruffier d'Epenoux L, Fayoux E, Veziers J, Dagnelie MA, Khammari A, Dréno B, Corvec S. Biofilm of Cutibacterium acnes: a target of different active substances. Int J Dermatol 2024. [PMID: 38760974 DOI: 10.1111/ijd.17194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acne vulgaris is a chronic inflammatory dermatosis. Cutibacterium acnes plays a crucial role in the acne pathophysiology. Recent works present evidence of C. acnes growing as a biofilm in cutaneous follicles. This development is currently considered one of the leading causes of C. acnes in vivo persistence and resistance to antimicrobials used to treat acne. OBJECTIVE Our objective was to evaluate the effects of various active compounds (clindamycin, erythromycin, doxycycline, and myrtle extract) on eight distinct, well-characterized strains of C. acnes following their growth in biofilm mode. METHODS/RESULTS Cutibacterium acnes isolates from phylotypes IA1 and IA2 produce more biofilm than other phylotypes. No antibiotic effect was observed either during the curative test or preventive test. Myrtle extract at 0.01% (w/v) showed significant efficacy on the biofilm for C. acnes strains (curative assays). Furthermore, it appear that myrtle extract and doxycycline together reduce the overall biomass of the biofilm. A significant dose-dependent effect was observed during the preventive test, greater than the one observed under curative conditions, with an important loss of activity of the myrtle extract observed from 0.001% (w/v) concentration onwards. Transmission electron microscopy showed that bacteria treated with myrtle extract grew biofilms much less frequently than untreated bacteria. Additionally, when the quantity of myrtle extract grew, the overall number of bacteria dropped, indicating an additional antibacterial action. CONCLUSION These findings support the hypothesis that the different C. acnes phylotypes have various aptitudes in forming biofilms. They also suggest that myrtle extract is a promising alternative as an anti-biofilm and antibacterial agent in fighting diseases caused by planktonic and biofilm C. acnes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Ruffier d'Epenoux
- Service de Bactériologie et des Contrôles Microbiologiques, CHU, Nantes, France
- Université de Nantes, INSERM, CNRS, Immunology and New Concepts in ImmunoTherapy, INCIT UMR 1302/EMR6001, Nantes, France
| | - Erwan Fayoux
- Service de Bactériologie et des Contrôles Microbiologiques, CHU, Nantes, France
| | - Joëlle Veziers
- Inserm, UMR 1229, RMeS - Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton, Université de Nantes, ONIRIS, Nantes, France
| | - Marie-Ange Dagnelie
- Université de Nantes, INSERM, CNRS, Immunology and New Concepts in ImmunoTherapy, INCIT UMR 1302/EMR6001, Nantes, France
| | - Amir Khammari
- Université de Nantes, INSERM, CNRS, Immunology and New Concepts in ImmunoTherapy, INCIT UMR 1302/EMR6001, Nantes, France
| | - Brigitte Dréno
- Université de Nantes, INSERM, CNRS, Immunology and New Concepts in ImmunoTherapy, INCIT UMR 1302/EMR6001, Nantes, France
| | - Stéphane Corvec
- Service de Bactériologie et des Contrôles Microbiologiques, CHU, Nantes, France
- Université de Nantes, INSERM, CNRS, Immunology and New Concepts in ImmunoTherapy, INCIT UMR 1302/EMR6001, Nantes, France
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Xie L, Ma C, Li X, Chen H, Han P, Lin L, Huang W, Xu M, Lu H, Du Z. Efficacy of Glycyrrhetinic Acid in the Treatment of Acne Vulgaris Based on Network Pharmacology and Experimental Validation. Molecules 2024; 29:2345. [PMID: 38792208 PMCID: PMC11123902 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29102345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Glycyrrhetinic acid (GA) is a saponin compound, isolated from licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra), which has been wildly explored for its intriguing pharmacological and medicinal effects. GA is a triterpenoid glycoside displaying an array of pharmacological and biological activities, including anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial, antiviral and antioxidative properties. In this study, we investigated the underlying mechanisms of GA on acne vulgaris through network pharmacology and proteomics. After the intersection of the 154 drug targets and 581 disease targets, 37 therapeutic targets for GA against acne were obtained. A protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis highlighted TNF, IL1B, IL6, ESR1, PPARG, NFKB1, STAT3 and TLR4 as key targets of GA against acne, which is further verified by molecular docking. The experimental results showed that GA inhibited lipid synthesis in vitro and in vivo, improved the histopathological damage of skin, prevented mast cell infiltration and decreased the level of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6. This study indicates that GA may regulate multiple pathways to improve acne symptoms, and the beneficial effects of GA against acne vulgaris might be through the regulation of sebogenesis and inflammatory responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingna Xie
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; (L.X.); (C.M.); (H.C.)
- Shenzhen Liran Cosmetics Co., Ltd., Shenzhen 518000, China (W.H.); (M.X.)
| | - Congwei Ma
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; (L.X.); (C.M.); (H.C.)
- Shenzhen Liran Cosmetics Co., Ltd., Shenzhen 518000, China (W.H.); (M.X.)
| | - Xinyu Li
- Shenzhen Liran Cosmetics Co., Ltd., Shenzhen 518000, China (W.H.); (M.X.)
| | - Huixiong Chen
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; (L.X.); (C.M.); (H.C.)
- Chemistry of RNA, Nucleosides, Peptides and Heterocycles, CNRS UMR8601, Université Paris Cité, 45 Rue des Saints-Pères, CEDEX 06, 75270 Paris, France
| | - Ping Han
- Foshan Allan Conney Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Foshan 528231, China; (P.H.); (L.L.)
| | - Li Lin
- Foshan Allan Conney Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Foshan 528231, China; (P.H.); (L.L.)
| | - Weiqiang Huang
- Shenzhen Liran Cosmetics Co., Ltd., Shenzhen 518000, China (W.H.); (M.X.)
| | - Menglu Xu
- Shenzhen Liran Cosmetics Co., Ltd., Shenzhen 518000, China (W.H.); (M.X.)
| | - Hailiang Lu
- Shenzhen Liran Cosmetics Co., Ltd., Shenzhen 518000, China (W.H.); (M.X.)
| | - Zhiyun Du
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; (L.X.); (C.M.); (H.C.)
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Hershberger MW, He P, Francois K, Lerner D, Bear A, Adappa N, Panchal N. Is maxillary sinusitis and radiographic maxillary sinus opacification associated with an altered microbiology of MRONJ? Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2024; 137:345-354. [PMID: 38443234 DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2023.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Maxillary sinusitis can be a sequela of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ). This study aims to characterize the microbiome of maxillary MRONJ with concurrent maxillary sinusitis and radiographic maxillary sinus opacification to determine if there is a relationship between the microbiome of MRONJ and sinus disease. STUDY DESIGN This retrospective case series was conducted using electronic health records from the University of Pennsylvania and affiliated hospitals. The target population was surgically managed maxillary MRONJ patients. The primary predictor variables were tissue culture results. The primary outcomes were maxillary sinusitis or maxillary sinus opacification. Statistical analysis was performed using chi-squared tests at the 95% confidence interval. RESULTS Thirty-nine subjects were selected: 25 had sinus opacification and 11 had sinusitis. Resident bacteria were present in 90% of subjects, nonresident bacteria in 74%, and opportunistic organisms in 15%. There were significantly more subjects with chronic sinusitis microbes (79%) than without. There were significantly more gram-positive anaerobes, specifically Propionibacterium, as well as the gram-negative facultative anaerobe, Capnocytophaga, in subjects with concurrent sinusitis. CONCLUSIONS Maxillary MRONJ with concurrent maxillary sinusitis may be associated with gram-positive anaerobic species, Propionibacterium, and Capnocytophaga colonization. Maxillary MRONJ patients may benefit from sinus evaluation and concurrent surgical intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Puhan He
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Kevin Francois
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - David Lerner
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Adam Bear
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Nithin Adappa
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Neeraj Panchal
- Philadelphia Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Penn Presbyterian Medical Center, University of Pennsylvania School of Dental Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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Zhang X, Zhou M, Liu Y, Zeng R. Recent advances in the treatment of acne using radiofrequency techniques. Lasers Med Sci 2024; 39:92. [PMID: 38499897 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-024-04039-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Acne is a long-lasting inflammatory skin condition that impacts the sebaceous units of the hair follicles, affecting around 85-90% of the population. Due to the potential for permanent facial scarring and negative social consequences, as well as the limitations of conventional medications like drug resistance and difficulties following treatment plans, it's crucial to investigate non-pharmacological options for treating acne, among which radiofrequency(RF) shows distinct superiority. To assess the impact of RF in the management of acne vulgaris, we conducted a thorough examination of scientific literature (including clinical trials and scientific reviews) through electronic databases like MEDLINE and PubMed. Our analysis indicates that RF could be a viable substitute for acne treatment due to its notable effectiveness and minimal adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhang
- Department of Laser Surgery, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, 210042, China
| | - Meng Zhou
- Department of Laser Surgery, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, 210042, China
| | - Yuzhen Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Nanjing Jiangning Hospital, Nanjing, 211100, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Rong Zeng
- Department of Laser Surgery, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, 210042, China.
- Department of Dermatology, Yunnan Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 120 Guanghua Rd, Kunming, 650021, Yunnan, China.
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Armillei MK, Lomakin IB, Del Rosso JQ, Grada A, Bunick CG. Scientific Rationale and Clinical Basis for Clindamycin Use in the Treatment of Dermatologic Disease. Antibiotics (Basel) 2024; 13:270. [PMID: 38534705 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics13030270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Clindamycin is a highly effective antibiotic of the lincosamide class. It has been widely used for decades to treat a range of skin and soft tissue infections in dermatology and medicine. Clindamycin is commonly prescribed for acne vulgaris, with current practice standards utilizing fixed-combination topicals containing clindamycin that prevent Cutibacterium acnes growth and reduce inflammation associated with acne lesion formation. Certain clinical presentations of folliculitis, rosacea, staphylococcal infections, and hidradenitis suppurativa are also responsive to clindamycin, demonstrating its suitability and versatility as a treatment option. This review describes the use of clindamycin in dermatological practice, the mechanism of protein synthesis inhibition by clindamycin at the level of the bacterial ribosome, and clindamycin's anti-inflammatory properties with a focus on its ability to ameliorate inflammation in acne. A comparison of the dermatologic indications for similarly utilized antibiotics, like the tetracycline class antibiotics, is also presented. Finally, this review addresses both the trends and mechanisms for clindamycin and antibiotic resistance, as well as the current clinical evidence in support of the continued, targeted use of clindamycin in dermatology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria K Armillei
- Program in Translational Biomedicine, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Ivan B Lomakin
- Department of Dermatology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - James Q Del Rosso
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Touro University Nevada, Henderson, NV 89014, USA
- JDR Dermatology Research, Las Vegas, NV 89148, USA
- Clinical Research and Strategic Development, Advanced Dermatology and Cosmetic Surgery, Maitland, FL 32751, USA
| | - Ayman Grada
- Department of Dermatology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Christopher G Bunick
- Program in Translational Biomedicine, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
- Department of Dermatology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
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11
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Woo YR, Kim HS. Interaction between the microbiota and the skin barrier in aging skin: a comprehensive review. Front Physiol 2024; 15:1322205. [PMID: 38312314 PMCID: PMC10834687 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1322205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The interplay between the microbes and the skin barrier holds pivotal significance in skin health and aging. The skin and gut, both of which are critical immune and neuroendocrine system, harbor microbes that are kept in balance. Microbial shifts are seen with aging and may accelerate age-related skin changes. This comprehensive review investigates the intricate connection between microbe dynamics, skin barrier, and the aging process. The gut microbe plays essential roles in the human body, safeguarding the host, modulating metabolism, and shaping immunity. Aging can perturb the gut microbiome which in turn accentuates inflammaging by further promoting senescent cell accumulation and compromising the host's immune response. Skin microbiota diligently upholds the epidermal barrier, adeptly fending off pathogens. The aging skin encompasses alterations in the stratum corneum structure and lipid content, which negatively impact the skin's barrier function with decreased moisture retention and increased vulnerability to infection. Efficacious restoration of the skin barrier and dysbiosis with strategic integration of acidic cleansers, emollients with optimal lipid composition, antioxidants, and judicious photoprotection may be a proactive approach to aging. Furthermore, modulation of the gut-skin axis through probiotics, prebiotics, and postbiotics emerges as a promising avenue to enhance skin health as studies have substantiated their efficacy in enhancing hydration, reducing wrinkles, and fortifying barrier integrity. In summary, the intricate interplay between microbes and skin barrier function is intrinsically woven into the tapestry of aging. Sound understanding of these interactions, coupled with strategic interventions aimed at recalibrating the microbiota and barrier equilibrium, holds the potential to ameliorate skin aging. Further in-depth studies are necessary to better understand skin-aging and develop targeted strategies for successful aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Ri Woo
- Department of Dermatology, Incheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hei Sung Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Incheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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12
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Nandy P, Shrivastava T. Exploring the Multifaceted Impact of Acne on Quality of Life and Well-Being. Cureus 2024; 16:e52727. [PMID: 38384651 PMCID: PMC10879740 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.52727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
A suitable portion of the total population still suffers through acne vulgaris, a widespread dermatological illness that mostly affects teens and young adults. Although acne is typically considered to be a cosmetic problem, recent research has concluded that certainly it has a significant role on impacting many physiological aspects of human health. This thorough investigation attempts to examine the intricate effects of acne on human physiology, taking into consideration both systemic and local effects. The study synthesizes research from a number of scientific disciplines, including dermatology, endocrinology, immunology, and psychoneuroimmunology. It investigates the complex interrelationships between several factors, such as sebum production, follicular hyperkeratinization, hormone imbalance, and Propionibacterium acnes colonisation, that lead to the development of acne. The study also sheds information on the intricate physiological mechanisms, oxidative stress, and immune response that contribute to the aetiology of acne. Along with it, the review investigates the relationship between endocrine problems and acne, emphasizing hormonal anomalies and their possible role in acne severity. The psychological effects of acne are also discussed, including the psychological problems, concerns with self-esteem, and decreased quality of life that acne sufferers encounter. On comprehensively examining the diverse physiological aspects affected by acne, this review provides a foundation for future research endeavours and informs the development of targeted therapeutic interventions. Ultimately, the integration of multidisciplinary approaches will enable healthcare professionals to address the physiological complexities of acne and improve the overall well-being of individuals affected by this common skin condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyashman Nandy
- Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Tripti Shrivastava
- Physiology, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
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13
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Jin Z, Song Y, He L. A review of skin immune processes in acne. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1324930. [PMID: 38193084 PMCID: PMC10773853 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1324930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Acne vulgaris is one of the most prevalent skin conditions, affecting almost all teenagers worldwide. Multiple factors, including the excessive production of sebum, dysbiosis of the skin microbiome, disruption of keratinization within hair follicles, and local inflammation, are believed to trigger or aggravate acne. Immune activity plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of acne. Recent research has improved our understanding of the immunostimulatory functions of microorganisms, lipid mediators, and neuropeptides. Additionally, significant advances have been made in elucidating the intricate mechanisms through which cutaneous innate and adaptive immune cells perceive and transmit stimulatory signals and initiate immune responses. However, our understanding of precise temporal and spatial patterns of immune activity throughout various stages of acne development remains limited. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the current knowledge concerning the immune processes involved in the initiation and progression of acne. Furthermore, we highlight the significance of detailed spatiotemporal analyses, including analyses of temporal dynamics of immune cell populations as well as single-cell and spatial RNA sequencing, for the development of targeted therapeutic and prevention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Li He
- Skin Health Research Center, Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, Kunming, Yunnan, China
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14
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Liu S, Luo XH, Liu YF, Zouboulis CC, Shi G. Emodin exhibits anti-acne potential by inhibiting cell growth, lipogenesis, and inflammation in human SZ95 sebocytes. Sci Rep 2023; 13:21576. [PMID: 38062074 PMCID: PMC10703917 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-48709-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Emodin, a natural anthraquinone derivative, possesses anti-proliferative and anti-inflammatory properties in skin diseases. However, little information is available on the efficacy of emodin in treating acne vulgaris (acne). This study aims to investigate the protective effects and potential mechanisms of emodin as an anti-acne agent. In vitro, SZ95 sebocytes was chose to establish an acneigenic cellular model. We found that emodin effectively inhibited proliferation, induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis of SZ95 sebocytes in a dose-dependent manner. To evaluate the lipid-lowering potential of emodin, we examined the levels of lipid contents and lipogenic transcription factors, and found that both lipid production and protein expression of PPARγ, LXR α/β, and SREBP-1 were decreased after treatment with emodin. Furthermore, our results revealed that emodin inhibited sebaceous lipogenesis induced by insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), which was accompanied by a potent inhibition of the phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt/forkhead box protein O1 (FoxO1) pathway. In detail, emodin augmented the inhibitory effect of isotretinoin and PI3K inhibitor LY294002, while attenuating the activation of IGF-1 on PI3K/Akt/FoxO1 pathway. In addition, emodin could decrease the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and IL-8, and suppress the expression of NLRP3, capase-1, IL-1β, and IL-18 in SZ95 sebocytes exposed to Cutibacterium acnes. Overall, our study provides preliminary evidence supporting the anti-growth, anti-lipogenic and anti-inflammatory properties of emodin, indicating the potential therapeutic application of emodin for acne treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si Liu
- Department of Cosmetic and Plastic Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Hua Luo
- Department of Cosmetic and Plastic Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu-Feng Liu
- Department of Cosmetic and Plastic Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Christos C Zouboulis
- Departments of Dermatology, Venereology, Allergology and Immunology, Staedtisches Klinikum Dessau, Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane and Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, Dessau, Germany
| | - Ge Shi
- Department of Cosmetic and Plastic Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
- Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
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15
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Kitajima N, Nakajo T, Katayoshi T, Tsuji-Naito K. Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain protein-1 is expressed and involved in the inflammatory response in human sebocytes. Biochem Biophys Rep 2023; 36:101561. [PMID: 37942338 PMCID: PMC10630598 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2023.101561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Sebocytes express Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptors (NLRs), which participate in the innate immune response of the skin. Although the roles of TLRs and NLR family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) in inflammatory responses in sebocytes have been reported, the expression and functions of other NLR members, such as NOD protein-1 and -2 (NOD1 and NOD2, respectively), remain unclear. In this study, we showed that, in sebocytes, the expression of NOD1 is higher than that of NOD2, and that NOD1 is involved in inflammatory responses, such as the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines. A NOD1 agonist, L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-diaminopimelic acid (Tri-DAP) induced the expression and secretion of interleukin-8 (IL-8) and activated the nuclear factor-kappa B and mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathways. On the other hand, a NOD2 agonist, muramyl dipeptide, did not. Either inhibition with a NOD1 inhibitor, ML130, or knockdown of NOD1 expression abolished Tri-DAP-induced inflammatory responses, suggesting that NOD1 is involved in the immunogenic signaling system of sebocytes. Furthermore, Tri-DAP and an agonist of TLR2 or TLR4 additively increased IL-8 expression compared with each agonist alone. Our results reveal the role of NOD1 in the inflammatory responses of sebocytes and may provide a novel therapeutic target for sebaceous gland inflammatory diseases, such as acne vulgaris.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natsuko Kitajima
- DHC Corporation Laboratories, Division 2, 2-42 Hamada, Mihama-ku, Chiba, 261-0025, Japan
| | - Takahisa Nakajo
- DHC Corporation Laboratories, Division 2, 2-42 Hamada, Mihama-ku, Chiba, 261-0025, Japan
| | - Takeshi Katayoshi
- DHC Corporation Laboratories, Division 2, 2-42 Hamada, Mihama-ku, Chiba, 261-0025, Japan
| | - Kentaro Tsuji-Naito
- DHC Corporation Laboratories, Division 2, 2-42 Hamada, Mihama-ku, Chiba, 261-0025, Japan
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16
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Xu CCY, Lemoine J, Albert A, Whirter ÉM, Barrett RDH. Community assembly of the human piercing microbiome. Proc Biol Sci 2023; 290:20231174. [PMID: 38018103 PMCID: PMC10685111 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2023.1174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Predicting how biological communities respond to disturbance requires understanding the forces that govern their assembly. We propose using human skin piercings as a model system for studying community assembly after rapid environmental change. Local skin sterilization provides a 'clean slate' within the novel ecological niche created by the piercing. Stochastic assembly processes can dominate skin microbiomes due to the influence of environmental exposure on local dispersal, but deterministic processes might play a greater role within occluded skin piercings if piercing habitats impose strong selection pressures on colonizing species. Here we explore the human ear-piercing microbiome and demonstrate that community assembly is predominantly stochastic but becomes significantly more deterministic with time, producing increasingly diverse and ecologically complex communities. We also observed changes in two dominant and medically relevant antagonists (Cutibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus epidermidis), consistent with competitive exclusion induced by a transition from sebaceous to moist environments. By exploiting this common yet uniquely human practice, we show that skin piercings are not just culturally significant but also represent ecosystem engineering on the human body. The novel habitats and communities that skin piercings produce may provide general insights into biological responses to environmental disturbances with implications for both ecosystem and human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles C. Y. Xu
- Redpath Museum, McGill University, 859 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 0C4
- Department of Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 1B1
| | - Juliette Lemoine
- Redpath Museum, McGill University, 859 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 0C4
- Department of Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 1B1
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
| | - Avery Albert
- Redpath Museum, McGill University, 859 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 0C4
- Department of Natural Resource Sciences, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec, Canada H9X 3V9
- Trottier Space Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 2A7
| | | | - Rowan D. H. Barrett
- Redpath Museum, McGill University, 859 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 0C4
- Department of Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 1B1
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17
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Li T, Ma X, Li Z, Yu N, Song J, Ma Z, Ying H, Zhou B, Huang J, Wu L, Long X. Artificial intelligence analysis of over a million Chinese men and women reveals level of dark circle in the facial skin aging process. Skin Res Technol 2023; 29:e13492. [PMID: 38009029 PMCID: PMC10603312 DOI: 10.1111/srt.13492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To better compare the progression of dark circles and the aging process in Chinese skin. A total of 100 589 Chinese males and 1 838 997 Chinese females aged 18 to 85, without facial skin conditions, and who had access to a smartphone with a high-resolution camera all took selfies. METHOD Using a smartphone application with a built-in artificial intelligence algorithm, facial skin diagnostic evaluated the selfies and score the severity of the dark circles with four other facial indicators (including skin type, Pores, Acne vulgaris, and Blackheads). Basic information was collected with online questionnaire, including their age, gender, skin sensitivity, and dietary habits. RESULTS In users between the age of 18 and 59, the prevalence of comprehensive, pigmented, and structural type of dark circles all rose with age. However, between the age of 60 and 85, the intensity of all types of dark circles diminished. Besides, vascular dark circles progressively worsen from the age of 18 to their peak at 39, and then gradually decline with age. Females typically have more pronounced black circles under their eyes than males in China. Bad eating habits, urbanization, regular cosmetics use, and sensitive skin positively correlate with severe dark circles. Vascular, comprehensive dark circles were worse in spring. Both pigmented and structural dark circles were worse in the summer. The results indicated that the intensity of dark circles was influenced by oily skin, wide pores, severe blackheads, and severe acne. CONCLUSIONS Chinese men and women differed noticeably in the prevalence of each face aging indicator and the appearance of aging dark circles. Selfies could be automatically graded and examined by artificial intelligence, which is a quick and private method for quantifying signs of facial aging and identifying major problems for different populations. Artificial intelligence would assist in the development of individualized preventive and therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian‐Hao Li
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive SurgeryPeking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeDongcheng‐quBeijingChina
| | - Xu‐Da Ma
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive SurgeryPeking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeDongcheng‐quBeijingChina
| | - Zi‐Ming Li
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive SurgeryPeking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeDongcheng‐quBeijingChina
| | - Nan‐Ze Yu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive SurgeryPeking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeDongcheng‐quBeijingChina
| | - Jin‐Yan Song
- Hangzhou C2H4 Internet Technology Co., LtdHangzhouChina
| | - Zi‐Tao Ma
- Hangzhou C2H4 Internet Technology Co., LtdHangzhouChina
| | - Han‐ting Ying
- Hangzhou C2H4 Internet Technology Co., LtdHangzhouChina
| | - Beibei Zhou
- Hangzhou C2H4 Internet Technology Co., LtdHangzhouChina
| | - Jiu‐Zuo Huang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive SurgeryPeking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeDongcheng‐quBeijingChina
| | - Liang Wu
- Hangzhou C2H4 Internet Technology Co., LtdHangzhouChina
| | - Xiao Long
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive SurgeryPeking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeDongcheng‐quBeijingChina
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18
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Patel P, Pal R, Butani K, Singh S, Prajapati BG. Nanomedicine-fortified cosmeceutical serums for the mitigation of psoriasis and acne. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2023; 18:1769-1793. [PMID: 37990979 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2023-0147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Cosmetics have a long history of use for regenerative and therapeutic purposes that are appealing to both genders. The untapped potential of nanotechnology in cosmeceuticals promises enhanced efficacy and addresses the issues associated with conventional cosmetics. In the field of cosmetics, the incorporation of nanomedicine using various nanocarriers such as vesicle and solid lipid nanoparticles significantly enhances product effectiveness and promotes satisfaction, especially in tackling prevalent skin diseases. Moreover, vesicle-fortified serum is known for high skin absorption with the capacity to incorporate and deliver various therapeutics. Additionally, nano-embedded serum-based cosmeceuticals hold promise for treating various skin disorders, including acne and psoriasis, heralding potential therapeutic advancements. This review explores diverse nanotechnology-based approaches for delivering cosmetics with maximum benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Patel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Saurashtra University, Rajkot, Gujarat, 360005, India
| | - Rohit Pal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Saurashtra University, Rajkot, Gujarat, 360005, India
| | - Krishna Butani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Saurashtra University, Rajkot, Gujarat, 360005, India
| | - Sudarshan Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
- Office of Research Administration, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Bhupendra G Prajapati
- Department of Pharmaceutics & Pharmaceutical Technology, Shree S.K. Patel College of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Ganpat University, Mehsana, Gujarat, 384012, India
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19
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Lee JY, Kim S, Kim D, Cho Y, Kim KP. The influence of dietary patterns on skin bacterial diversity, composition, and co-occurrence relationships at forearm and neck sites of healthy Korean adults. J Appl Microbiol 2023; 134:lxad211. [PMID: 37699790 DOI: 10.1093/jambio/lxad211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Diet and nutrition are important aspects of skin physiology and health. However, the influence of diet on the bacterial flora of different skin sites is not well understood. Therefore, we investigated the relationship between dietary patterns (DPs) and skin bacterial flora on the forearm (a dry site) and the neck (a sebaceous site) of healthy Korean adults. METHODS AND RESULTS In metagenomics analysis, Shannon and Simpson indices were higher on the forearm than on the neck and were negatively correlated with the two dominant species, Cutibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus epidermidis, on two skin sites. In addition, the Simpson index of the forearm was positively associated with DP1 (characterized by a high intake of vegetables, mushrooms, meat, fish and shellfish, seaweed, and fat and oil), while that on the neck was negatively associated with DP2 (characterized by a high intake of fast food). A high intake of DP1 was associated with a lower abundance of dominant species, including C. acnes, and higher degrees of the co-occurrence network, whereas a high intake of DP2 was associated with the opposite pattern. CONCLUSIONS Specific diets may impact both skin bacterial diversity and composition, as well as the co-occurrence of bacteria, which may vary across different skin sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju-Young Lee
- Department of Medical Nutrition, Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Seayonn Kim
- Department of Medical Nutrition, Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongkyu Kim
- Department of Medical Nutrition, Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Yunhi Cho
- Department of Medical Nutrition, Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Kun-Pyo Kim
- Department of Medical Nutrition, Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si 17104, Republic of Korea
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20
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Duarte M, Carvalho MJ, de Carvalho NM, Azevedo-Silva J, Mendes A, Ribeiro IP, Fernandes JC, Oliveira ALS, Oliveira C, Pintado M, Amaro A, Madureira AR. Skincare potential of a sustainable postbiotic extract produced through sugarcane straw fermentation by Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Biofactors 2023; 49:1038-1060. [PMID: 37317790 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Postbiotics are defined as a "preparation of inanimate microorganisms and/or their components that confers a health benefit on the host." They can be produced by fermentation, using culture media with glucose (carbon source), and lactic acid bacteria of the genus Lactobacillus, and/or yeast, mainly Saccharomyces cerevisiae as fermentative microorganisms. Postbiotics comprise different metabolites, and have important biological properties (antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, etc.), thus their cosmetic application should be considered. During this work, the postbiotics production was carried out by fermentation with sugarcane straw, as a source of carbon and phenolic compounds, and as a sustainable process to obtain bioactive extracts. For the production of postbiotics, a saccharification process was carried out with cellulase at 55°C for 24 h. Fermentation was performed sequentially after saccharification at 30°C, for 72 h, using S. cerevisiae. The cells-free extract was characterized regarding its composition, antioxidant activity, and skincare potential. Its use was safe at concentrations below ~20 mg mL-1 (extract's dry weight in deionized water) for keratinocytes and ~ 7.5 mg mL-1 for fibroblasts. It showed antioxidant activity, with ABTS IC50 of 1.88 mg mL-1 , and inhibited elastase and tyrosinase activities by 83.4% and 42.4%, respectively, at the maximum concentration tested (20 mg mL-1 ). In addition, it promoted the production of cytokeratin 14, and demonstrated anti-inflammatory activity at a concentration of 10 mg mL-1 . In the skin microbiota of human volunteers, the extract inhibited Cutibacterium acnes and the Malassezia genus. Shortly, postbiotics were successfully produced using sugarcane straw, and showed bioactive properties that potentiate their use in cosmetic/skincare products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Duarte
- CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria João Carvalho
- CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Porto, Portugal
| | - Nelson Mota de Carvalho
- CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Porto, Portugal
| | - João Azevedo-Silva
- CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Porto, Portugal
| | - Adélia Mendes
- CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Porto, Portugal
| | - Inês Pinto Ribeiro
- CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Porto, Portugal
- Amyris Bio Products Portugal, Unipessoal Lda, Porto, Portugal
| | - João Carlos Fernandes
- CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana L S Oliveira
- CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Porto, Portugal
| | - Carla Oliveira
- CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Porto, Portugal
| | - Manuela Pintado
- CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Amaro
- CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Raquel Madureira
- CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Porto, Portugal
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21
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Fahad M, Goindoo R. Hypoglycaemia in a Patient Taking Tetracyclines. Cureus 2023; 15:e45406. [PMID: 37854767 PMCID: PMC10581367 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.45406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoglycaemia with tetracycline use is a very rare and unknown side effect of the antibiotic. The case highlights the importance of recognizing and managing this potential adverse effect. We present a case of an adolescent male with acne vulgaris who developed hypoglycaemic episodes after initiating tetracycline treatment and was referred by his General Practitioner to the Endocrinology clinic. The hypoglycaemia symptoms settled once tetracyclines were stopped. Acne vulgaris is a prevalent skin condition among adolescents, and antibiotics such as doxycycline and tetracycline are commonly used to treat severe cases of acne. While generally well-tolerated, rare side effects on glucose metabolism have been reported. Antibiotics are not well known to cause hypoglycaemic spells on their own. It is mostly when these antibiotics are started in patients taking other regular medications that the interaction between these medications causes hypoglycaemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Fahad
- Internal Medicine, Peterborough City Hospital, Peterborough, GBR
| | - Ryan Goindoo
- Diabetes and Endocrinology, Peterborough City Hospital, Peterborough, GBR
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22
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Merenstein C, Fitzgerald AS, Khatib LA, Graham-Wooten J, Bushman FD, Collman RG. Effects of Mask Reuse on the Oropharyngeal, Skin, and Mask Microbiome. J Infect Dis 2023; 228:479-486. [PMID: 37217829 PMCID: PMC10428194 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiad167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Face masks have been critical in the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, but supplies were sometimes limited and disposable masks contribute greatly to environmental waste. Studies suggest that filtration capacity is retained with repeated use, and surveys indicate many people reuse surgical masks. However, the impact of mask reuse on the host is understudied. METHODS We applied 16S rRNA gene sequencing to investigate the bacterial microbiome of the facial skin and oropharynx of individuals randomized to wearing fresh surgical masks daily versus masks reused for 1 week. RESULTS Compared to daily fresh masks, reuse was associated with increased richness (number of taxa) of the skin microbiome and trend towards greater diversity, but no difference in the oropharyngeal microbiome. Used masks had either skin-dominant or oropharynx-dominant bacterial sequences, and reused masks had >100-fold higher bacterial content but no change in composition compared to those used for 1 day. CONCLUSIONS One week of mask reuse increased the number of low-abundance taxa on the face but did not impact the upper respiratory microbiome. Thus, face mask reuse has little impact on the host microbiome, although whether minor changes to the skin microbiome might relate to reported skin sequelae of masking (maskne) remains to be determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carter Merenstein
- Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Ayannah S Fitzgerald
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Layla A Khatib
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jevon Graham-Wooten
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Frederic D Bushman
- Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Ronald G Collman
- Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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23
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Alamri A, Almalki B, Alghamdi YS, Ashi A. Unilateral acneiform eruption in a patient with history of contralateral Horner syndrome. JAAD Case Rep 2023; 38:51-54. [PMID: 37600743 PMCID: PMC10433320 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdcr.2023.05.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Awadh Alamri
- Department of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Princess Norah Oncology Center, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Ministry of the National Guard—Health Affairs, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Basel Almalki
- Department of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Princess Norah Oncology Center, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yara S. Alghamdi
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Ministry of the National Guard—Health Affairs, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Ashi
- Department of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Princess Norah Oncology Center, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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24
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Green M, Feschuk AM, Kashetsky N, Maibach HI. Clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes of Pityrosporum folliculitis in immunocompetent patients. Arch Dermatol Res 2023; 315:1497-1509. [PMID: 36517586 PMCID: PMC9750048 DOI: 10.1007/s00403-022-02506-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Pityrosporum folliculitis (PF) is a fungal acneiform disease of the hair follicles that often presents with pruritic papules and pustules on the upper body and face. This condition is commonly mistaken for acne vulgaris and can be distinguished from bacterial acne by the presence of fungal spores in the follicular lumen. Although studies have been performed to describe PF in cohorts, little work has been done to aggregate these data. Thus, the goal of this review is to describe the clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes of PF in immunocompetent patients. PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase were searched using the terms "Pityrosporum folliculitis" or "Malassezia folliculitis." All cohorts reporting PF characteristics in patients classified as immunocompetent were reviewed. A total of 15 studies were included. Majority of patients were male (64%) with the average age of presentation of 24.26 years. The most common locations of lesions were the chest (70%) and back/shoulders (69.2%). Pruritus was reported by the majority of patients (71.7%). Additionally, 40.5% of patients reported a history of unsuccessful treatment regimens. Treatment was most successful with an oral antifungal (92%), followed by a topical antifungal (81.6%). In conclusion, majority of patients with PF were younger males. Many patients were primarily treated incorrectly, suggesting the importance of proper diagnosis. PF may be distinguishable from acne vulgaris by the presence of pruritus or suggested when a new acneiform eruption develops following antibiotic therapy or immunosuppression. When properly diagnosed, majority of cases of PF achieve complete response with oral or topical antifungals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxwell Green
- Tulane University School of Medicine, 131 S Robertson Ave, 15th Floor, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA.
| | - Aileen M Feschuk
- Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St John's, Newfoundland & Labrador, Canada
| | - Nadia Kashetsky
- Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St John's, Newfoundland & Labrador, Canada
| | - Howard I Maibach
- Department of Dermatology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
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25
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Chu GY, Huang CC, Shih NH, Hsu CH, Wu CY. The 1450-nm Diode Laser Reduces Redness and Porphyrin Density: An Image-Based, Patient-Oriented Appraisal. J Clin Med 2023; 12:4500. [PMID: 37445535 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12134500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acne vulgaris remains the leading dermatological condition. The efficacy of laser treatment has been supported by many clinical studies, but studies investigating its multidimensional action are lacking. AIM To comprehensively investigate the efficacy of 1450-nm diode laser treatment in patients with inflammatory acne and provide objective and subjective data for doctors in clinical practice. METHODS This retrospective study included patients with inflammatory acne lesions who underwent three courses of 1450-nm diode laser treatment between October 2019 and August 2020. Facial surface analysis was performed via objective computer assessments using the Canfield VISIA imaging system. Post-treatment subjective assessments were retrieved and analyzed using the clinical global impression-improvement index (CGI-I) and patient global impression of improvement scales (PGI-I). RESULTS The final analysis included 20 patients. The changes in the porphyrin VISIA system scores demonstrated significant improvement, with median scores being 35.83, 48.83, and 54.83, respectively. The changes in the red area VISIA scores also showed improvement, with the median scores being 48, 50.33, and 58.83, respectively. The average CGI-I scale scores were 2.2 ± 1.01, 1.70 ± 0.80, and 1.50 ± 0.76, respectively (p = 0.001), and the average PGI-I scale scores were 3.10 ± 0.85, 3.10 ± 0.97, and 3.05 ± 0.95, respectively (p = 0.727), with no significant changes observed in sebum production. CONCLUSIONS The present study is the first to provide objective and subjective evidence proving that the 1450-nm diode laser can reduce inflammatory acne lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gong-Yau Chu
- Institute of Traditional Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 30010, Taiwan
- Institute of Traditional Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 30010, Taiwan
- Department of Dermatology, Shin-Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei 11101, Taiwan
- Department of Dermatology, Kang-Ning General Hospital, Taipei 114, Taiwan
| | - Chieh-Chen Huang
- Department of Dermatology, Shin-Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei 11101, Taiwan
| | - Nai-Hua Shih
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung 80145, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Hua Hsu
- Institute of Traditional Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 30010, Taiwan
- Institute of Traditional Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 30010, Taiwan
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Taipei City Hospital, Linsen Chinese Medicine and Kunming Branch, Taipei 104, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Ying Wu
- Department of Dermatology, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan
- Department of Cosmetic Science, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 61363, Taiwan
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Nolan ZT, Banerjee K, Cong Z, Gettle SL, Longenecker AL, Kawasawa YI, Zaenglein AL, Thiboutot DM, Agak GW, Zhan X, Nelson AM. Treatment response to isotretinoin correlates with specific shifts in Cutibacterium acnes strain composition within the follicular microbiome. Exp Dermatol 2023; 32:955-964. [PMID: 36999947 PMCID: PMC11107415 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023]
Abstract
There are no drugs as effective as isotretinoin for acne. Deciphering the changes in the microbiome induced by isotretinoin in the pilosebaceous follicle of successfully treated patients can pave the way to identify novel therapeutic alternatives. We determined how the follicular microbiome changes with isotretinoin and identified which alterations correlate with a successful treatment response. Whole genome sequencing was done on casts from facial follicles of acne patients sampled before, during and after isotretinoin treatment. Alterations in the microbiome were assessed and correlated with treatment response at 20 weeks as defined as a 2-grade improvement in global assessment score. We investigated the α-diversity, β-diversity, relative abundance of individual taxa, Cutibacterium acnes strain composition and bacterial metabolic profiles with a computational approach. We found that increased β-diversity of the microbiome coincides with a successful treatment response to isotretinoin at 20 weeks. Isotretinoin selectively altered C. acnes strain diversity in SLST A and D clusters, with increased diversity in D1 strains correlating with a successful clinical response. Isotretinoin significantly decreased the prevalence of KEGG Ontology (KO) terms associated with four distinct metabolic pathways inferring that follicular microbes may have limited capacity for growth or survival following treatment. Importantly, these alterations in microbial composition or metabolic profiles were not observed in patients that failed to achieve a successful response at 20 weeks. Alternative approaches to recapitulate this shift in the balance of C. acnes strains and microbiome metabolic function within the follicle may be beneficial in the future treatment of acne.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary T. Nolan
- Department of Dermatology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Kalins Banerjee
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Zhaoyuan Cong
- Department of Dermatology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Samantha L. Gettle
- Department of Dermatology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Amy L. Longenecker
- Department of Dermatology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Yuka I. Kawasawa
- Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; Pharmacology; The Institute for Personalized Medicine, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Andrea L. Zaenglein
- Department of Dermatology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Diane M. Thiboutot
- Department of Dermatology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - George W. Agak
- Division of Dermatology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Xiang Zhan
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Amanda M. Nelson
- Department of Dermatology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
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27
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Huang C, Zhuo F, Han B, Li W, Jiang B, Zhang K, Jian X, Chen Z, Li H, Huang H, Dou X, Yu B. The updates and implications of cutaneous microbiota in acne. Cell Biosci 2023; 13:113. [PMID: 37344849 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-023-01072-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Acne is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder that profoundly impacts the quality of life of patients worldwide. While it is predominantly observed in adolescents, it can affect individuals across all age groups. Acne pathogenesis is believed to be a result of various endogenous and exogenous factors, but the precise mechanisms remain elusive. Recent studies suggest that dysbiosis of the skin microbiota significantly contributes to acne development. Specifically, Cutibacterium acnes, the dominant resident bacterial species implicated in acne, plays a critical role in disease progression. Various treatments, including topical benzoyl peroxide, systemic antibiotics, and photodynamic therapy, have demonstrated beneficial effects on the skin microbiota composition in acne patients. Of particular interest is the therapeutic potential of probiotics in acne, given its direct influence on the skin microbiota. This review summarizes the alterations in skin microbiota associated with acne, provides insight into its pathogenic role in acne, and emphasizes the potential of therapeutic interventions aimed at restoring microbial homeostasis for acne management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Huang
- Department of Dermatology, Skin Research Institute of Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Translational Medicine of Dermatology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Peking University-the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, 518036, China
| | - Fan Zhuo
- Department of Dermatology, Skin Research Institute of Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Translational Medicine of Dermatology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Peking University-the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, 518036, China
| | - Baoquan Han
- Department of Urology, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Wenting Li
- Department of Dermatology, Skin Research Institute of Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Translational Medicine of Dermatology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Peking University-the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, 518036, China
| | - Bin Jiang
- Department of Dermatology, Skin Research Institute of Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Translational Medicine of Dermatology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Peking University-the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, 518036, China
| | - Kaoyuan Zhang
- Biomedical Research Institute, Shenzhen Peking University-the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, 518036, China
| | - Xingling Jian
- Department of Dermatology, Skin Research Institute of Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Translational Medicine of Dermatology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Peking University-the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, 518036, China
| | - Zhenzhen Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Skin Research Institute of Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Translational Medicine of Dermatology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Peking University-the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, 518036, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Dermatology, Skin Research Institute of Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Translational Medicine of Dermatology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Peking University-the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, 518036, China
| | - Haiyan Huang
- Department of Dermatology, Skin Research Institute of Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Translational Medicine of Dermatology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Peking University-the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, 518036, China
| | - Xia Dou
- Department of Dermatology, Skin Research Institute of Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Translational Medicine of Dermatology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Peking University-the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, 518036, China
| | - Bo Yu
- Department of Dermatology, Skin Research Institute of Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Translational Medicine of Dermatology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Peking University-the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, 518036, China.
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28
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Roy T, Boateng ST, Uddin MB, Banang-Mbeumi S, Yadav RK, Bock CR, Folahan JT, Siwe-Noundou X, Walker AL, King JA, Buerger C, Huang S, Chamcheu JC. The PI3K-Akt-mTOR and Associated Signaling Pathways as Molecular Drivers of Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Skin Diseases: Update on Therapeutic Strategy Using Natural and Synthetic Compounds. Cells 2023; 12:1671. [PMID: 37371141 PMCID: PMC10297376 DOI: 10.3390/cells12121671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The dysregulated phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)-Akt-mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway has been implicated in various immune-mediated inflammatory and hyperproliferative dermatoses such as acne, atopic dermatitis, alopecia, psoriasis, wounds, and vitiligo, and is associated with poor treatment outcomes. Improved comprehension of the consequences of the dysregulated PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway in patients with inflammatory dermatoses has resulted in the development of novel therapeutic approaches. Nonetheless, more studies are necessary to validate the regulatory role of this pathway and to create more effective preventive and treatment methods for a wide range of inflammatory skin diseases. Several studies have revealed that certain natural products and synthetic compounds can obstruct the expression/activity of PI3K/Akt/mTOR, underscoring their potential in managing common and persistent skin inflammatory disorders. This review summarizes recent advances in understanding the role of the activated PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway and associated components in immune-mediated inflammatory dermatoses and discusses the potential of bioactive natural products, synthetic scaffolds, and biologic agents in their prevention and treatment. However, further research is necessary to validate the regulatory role of this pathway and develop more effective therapies for inflammatory skin disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tithi Roy
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA 71209, USA; (T.R.); (S.T.B.); (S.B.-M.); (R.K.Y.); (C.R.B.); (J.T.F.); (A.L.W.)
| | - Samuel T. Boateng
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA 71209, USA; (T.R.); (S.T.B.); (S.B.-M.); (R.K.Y.); (C.R.B.); (J.T.F.); (A.L.W.)
| | - Mohammad B. Uddin
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, Center for Research on Environmental Diseases, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA;
| | - Sergette Banang-Mbeumi
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA 71209, USA; (T.R.); (S.T.B.); (S.B.-M.); (R.K.Y.); (C.R.B.); (J.T.F.); (A.L.W.)
- Division for Research and Innovation, POHOFI Inc., Madison, WI 53744, USA
- School of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences, Louisiana Delta Community College, Monroe, LA 71203, USA
| | - Rajesh K. Yadav
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA 71209, USA; (T.R.); (S.T.B.); (S.B.-M.); (R.K.Y.); (C.R.B.); (J.T.F.); (A.L.W.)
| | - Chelsea R. Bock
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA 71209, USA; (T.R.); (S.T.B.); (S.B.-M.); (R.K.Y.); (C.R.B.); (J.T.F.); (A.L.W.)
| | - Joy T. Folahan
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA 71209, USA; (T.R.); (S.T.B.); (S.B.-M.); (R.K.Y.); (C.R.B.); (J.T.F.); (A.L.W.)
| | - Xavier Siwe-Noundou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, P.O. Box 218, Pretoria 0208, South Africa;
| | - Anthony L. Walker
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA 71209, USA; (T.R.); (S.T.B.); (S.B.-M.); (R.K.Y.); (C.R.B.); (J.T.F.); (A.L.W.)
| | - Judy A. King
- Department of Pathology and Translational Pathobiology, LSU Health Shreveport, 1501 Kings Highway, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA;
- College of Medicine, Belmont University, 900 Belmont Boulevard, Nashville, TN 37212, USA
| | - Claudia Buerger
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, Clinic of the Goethe University, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany;
| | - Shile Huang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, 1501 Kings Highway, Shreveport, LA 71130, USA;
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, 1501 Kings Highway, Shreveport, LA 71130, USA
- Feist-Weiller Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA 71130, USA
| | - Jean Christopher Chamcheu
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA 71209, USA; (T.R.); (S.T.B.); (S.B.-M.); (R.K.Y.); (C.R.B.); (J.T.F.); (A.L.W.)
- Department of Pathology and Translational Pathobiology, LSU Health Shreveport, 1501 Kings Highway, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA;
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29
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Blomstrand E, Atefyekta S, Rajasekharan AK, Andersson M. Clinical investigation of use of an antimicrobial peptide hydrogel wound dressing on intact skin. J Wound Care 2023; 32:368-375. [PMID: 37300860 DOI: 10.12968/jowc.2023.32.6.368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A material with the ability to rapidly eradicate bacteria via a contact-killing mechanism has the benefit of a more localised treatment that is easy to implement when needed to prevent or treat a bacterial infection. Here, we present an antimicrobial material based on covalently attached antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) to a soft amphiphilic hydrogel. This results in a material that exhibits an antimicrobial effect based on contact-killing. In this study, the antimicrobial efficacy of the AMP-hydrogel was investigated by observing the changes in total bioburden on the intact skin of healthy human volunteers when the AMP-hydrogel dressing was placed on the forearm for three hours. The AMP-hydrogel significantly reduced the bioburden on the skin from a mean value of 1200CFU/cm2 for the untreated skin to 23CFU/cm2. Biocompatibility evaluations of the AMP-hydrogel showed no sign of cytotoxicity, acute systemic toxicity, irritation or sensitisation, demonstrating the safety of the AMP-hydrogel as a potential wound dressing. Leachability studies confirmed no release of AMPs and that the antimicrobial effect was localised to the surface of the hydrogels, demonstrating a pure contact-killing mode of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edvin Blomstrand
- Amferia AB, Astra Zeneca BioVentureHub, c/o Astra Zeneca, Pepparedsleden 1, Mölndal SE-431 83, Sweden
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Applied Chemistry, Chalmers University of Technology, Kemigården 4 Göteborg SE-41296, Sweden
| | - Saba Atefyekta
- Amferia AB, Astra Zeneca BioVentureHub, c/o Astra Zeneca, Pepparedsleden 1, Mölndal SE-431 83, Sweden
| | - Anand K Rajasekharan
- Amferia AB, Astra Zeneca BioVentureHub, c/o Astra Zeneca, Pepparedsleden 1, Mölndal SE-431 83, Sweden
| | - Martin Andersson
- Amferia AB, Astra Zeneca BioVentureHub, c/o Astra Zeneca, Pepparedsleden 1, Mölndal SE-431 83, Sweden
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Applied Chemistry, Chalmers University of Technology, Kemigården 4 Göteborg SE-41296, Sweden
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Mustari AP, Agarwal I, Das A, Vinay K. Role of Cutaneous Microbiome in Dermatology. Indian J Dermatol 2023; 68:303-312. [PMID: 37529462 PMCID: PMC10389128 DOI: 10.4103/ijd.ijd_560_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The cutaneous microflora consists of various microorganisms which interact with host epithelial cells and innate and acquired immunity. This microbial milieu and its interaction with host cells prevent the growth of pathogenic organisms and educate host immunity to fight against harmful microorganisms. The microbial composition depends on various intrinsic and extrinsic factors and an imbalance in the cutaneous microflora predisposes the individual to both infectious and non-infectious diseases. Even though probiotics have been extensively studied in various diseases, their efficacy and safety profile are still unclear. A better understanding of the cutaneous microflora is required to develop newer therapeutic targets. In this review, we describe the commensal microbiome and its variation, the current role of the cutaneous microbiome in the pathogenesis of various dermatological diseases, and their therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akash P. Mustari
- From the Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Ishan Agarwal
- Department of Dermatology, IMS and SUM Hospital, Bhubaneshwar, Orissa, India
| | - Anupam Das
- Department of Dermatology, KPC Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Keshavamurthy Vinay
- From the Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
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Zhu W, Hamblin MR, Wen X. Role of the skin microbiota and intestinal microbiome in rosacea. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1108661. [PMID: 36846769 PMCID: PMC9950749 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1108661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Rosacea is a chronic inflammatory cutaneous disorder of uncertain etiology that mainly affects the centrofacial region, including cheeks, nose, chin, forehead, and eyes. The pathogenesis of rosacea remains unclear because it involves several complex factors. Additionally, the potential treatment methods need to be explored. We reviewed the common bacterial species in the skin microbiota and gut microbiota of rosacea patients such as Demodex folliculorum, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Bacillus oleronius, Cutibacterium acnes, and Helicobacter pylori and identified their role in the pathogenesis. Besides, we summarized the influence factors such as temperature and age on rosacea patients. We also systematically reviewed the commonly used clinical treatment methods, including antibiotics, probiotics. as well as their treatment mechanism and application precautions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weitao Zhu
- Clinical Medicine (Eight-Year Program), West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Michael R. Hamblin
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, South Africa
| | - Xiang Wen
- Department of Dermatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,*Correspondence: Xiang Wen, ✉
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Dahiya D, Nigam PS. Antibiotic-Therapy-Induced Gut Dysbiosis Affecting Gut Microbiota-Brain Axis and Cognition: Restoration by Intake of Probiotics and Synbiotics. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043074. [PMID: 36834485 PMCID: PMC9959899 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Antibiotic therapy through short-term or repeated long-term prescriptions can have several damaging effects on the normal microbiota of the gastrointestinal tract. Changes in microbiota could be multiple including decreased diversity of species in gut microbiota, changed metabolic activity, and the occurrence of antibiotic-resistant strains. Antibiotic-induced gut dysbiosis in turn can induce antibiotic-associated diarrhoea and recurrent infections caused by Clostridioides difficile. There is also evidence that the use of different chemical classes of antibiotics for the treatment of a variety of ailments can lead to several health issues including gastrointestinal, immunologic, and neurocognitive conditions. This review discusses gut dysbiosis, its symptoms and one important cause, which is antibiotic therapy for the induction of gut dysbiosis. Since the maintenance of good gut health is important for the well-being and functioning of physiological and cognitive activities through the normal gut-microbiota-brain relationship, the condition of dysbiosis is not desirable. Specific therapies are prescribed by medical practitioners for the cure of a variety of ailments, and, if the prescription of antibiotics becomes unavoidable, there is a possibility of the onset of gut dysbiosis as the side or after effects. Therefore, the restoration of imbalanced gut microbiota to its balanced condition becomes necessary. A healthy relationship between gut microbiota and the brain can be achieved with the introduction of probiotic strains into the gut in a practical and consumer-friendly way, such as consumption of food and beverages prepared with the use of characterised probiotic species, fermented foods as the potential biotics, or synbiotic supplements.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Poonam Singh Nigam
- Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Ulster University, Coleraine BT52 1SA, UK
- Correspondence:
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Nakayama E, Kushibiki T, Mayumi Y, Fushuku S, Nakamura T, Kiyosawa T, Ishihara M, Azuma R. Optimal blue light irradiation conditions for the treatment of acne vulgaris in a mouse model. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY. B, BIOLOGY 2023; 239:112651. [PMID: 36680809 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2023.112651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although blue light is one of the therapeutic approaches used to treat acne vulgaris (AV), there is no consensus on its effectiveness. As a result, it is not recommended in the major acne vulgaris treatment guidelines. OBJECTIVE The goal of this study was to look into the mechanism, safety, and efficacy of blue light therapy. We achieved this by examining the pathological response, inflammation, and depth of light penetration in a mouse model of cystic AV. METHODS The aims of the study were addressed by exposing the mice to light with a wavelength of 415 nm under four different irradiation conditions. The exposure was done for five consecutive days followed by a no irradiation period of 72 h. RESULTS Blue light treatment was most effective when irradiation was performed at 100 mW/cm2 for 20 min for five consecutive days. Inflammatory responses emerged 72 h after the final irradiation dose was administered. These responses were not associated with apoptosis as cleaved caspase-3 staining revealed no significant increases in apoptosis in the skin under any of the tested conditions. Blue light reached the superficial layer of the acne cyst at 5% of the total irradiation power and was attenuated by half for every 50 μm of progress through the cyst. CONCLUSION In conclusion, blue light could control severe dermatologic inflammatory responses; therefore, it can be used to irradiate AV with high inflammation levels on a daily basis until improvement is observed. In addition, porphyrin, a metabolite of Cutibacterium acnes, and reactive oxygen species generated by the surrounding skin tissue may have essential roles in AV treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eiko Nakayama
- Department of Plastic Surgery, National Defense Medical College, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa 359-0042, Japan.
| | - Toshihiro Kushibiki
- Department of Medical Engineering, National Defense Medical College, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa 359-0042, Japan
| | - Yoshine Mayumi
- Department of Medical Engineering, National Defense Medical College, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa 359-0042, Japan
| | - Seigo Fushuku
- Center for Laboratory Animal Science, National Defense Medical College, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa 359-0042, Japan
| | - Takahiro Nakamura
- Laboratory for Mathematics, National Defense Medical College, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa 359-0042, Japan
| | - Tomoharu Kiyosawa
- Department of Plastic Surgery, National Defense Medical College, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa 359-0042, Japan
| | - Miya Ishihara
- Department of Medical Engineering, National Defense Medical College, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa 359-0042, Japan
| | - Ryuichi Azuma
- Department of Plastic Surgery, National Defense Medical College, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa 359-0042, Japan
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Ostrowski P, Masiuk H, Kulig P, Skoryk A, Wcisłek A, Jursa-Kulesza J, Sarna A, Sławiński M, Kotowski M, Tejchman K, Kotfis K, Sieńko J. Medical Face Masks Do Not Affect Acid-Base Balance Yet Might Facilitate the Transmission of Staphylococcus aureus in Hospital Settings during the COVID-19 Pandemic. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:2474. [PMID: 36767840 PMCID: PMC9915457 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20032474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Due to the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus pandemic, the wearing of masks has become a common phenomenon. Most of the undesirable effects of using a protective face covering are usually related to the prolonged time of its wearing, and the adverse consequences of face coverings should be considered two-fold. The aim of the study was to evaluate the rate of contamination of the three types of face coverings (surgical, N95, and FFP2 masks) with the microorganism-aerobic bacteria, yeasts, and molds-after the 3 h exposure time. The study aimed to investigate the effects of wearing FFP2 masks (KN95) on respiratory function and the acid-base balance of the human body. RESULTS The presence of S. aureus was confirmed in both nasal carriers and non-carriers which may demonstrate the cross-contamination and spread of this bacterium via hands. S. aureus was found on external and internal surfaces of face masks of each type, and therefore could also be transmitted via hands from external sources. The 3 h exposure time is not sufficient for Gram-negative rods and mold contamination. Moreover, there were no significant differences in most of the parameters studied between the first and second examinations, both in spirometry and capillary blood gas analysis (p > 0.05).
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Ostrowski
- Department of General Surgery and Transplantation, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Helena Masiuk
- Independent Laboratory of Medical Microbiology, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Piotr Kulig
- Department of General Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Anastasiia Skoryk
- Department of General Surgery and Transplantation, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Wcisłek
- Independent Laboratory of Medical Microbiology, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Joanna Jursa-Kulesza
- Independent Laboratory of Medical Microbiology, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Angela Sarna
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, Public Clinical Hospital No. 2, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Michał Sławiński
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, Public Clinical Hospital No. 2, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Maciej Kotowski
- Department of General Surgery and Transplantation, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Karol Tejchman
- Department of General Surgery and Transplantation, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Kotfis
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Therapy and Acute Intoxications, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Jerzy Sieńko
- Department of General Surgery and Transplantation, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
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Guo Y, Zeng M, Yuan Y, Yuan M, Chen Y, Yu H, Liu R, Ruan Z, Xie Q, Jiao X, Lu T. Photodynamic therapy treats acne by altering the composition of the skin microbiota. Skin Res Technol 2023; 29:e13269. [PMID: 36704881 PMCID: PMC9838775 DOI: 10.1111/srt.13269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acne is the eighth-most prevalent inflammatory skin disease with no optimal treatment. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an effective treatment for severe acne. AIMS The effect of PDT on the composition and diversity of skin microflora in severe acne patients was studied. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 18 patients with severe acne and 8 healthy individuals were selected for this study. Patients were treated with 5-aminolevulinic acid-mediated PDT once a week three times in total; the skin microbiome was measured by 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing before and after treatment (1 week after each PDT). RESULTS The microflora composition was different between healthy controls and patients, and between patients before and after treatment. Alpha diversity indices were lower in patients than those in control. There were 15 bacterial genera with high relative abundance that had noticeable changes during treatment. At the genus level,particularly Cutibacterium acnes (C. acnes formerly Propionibacterium acnes), there was no statistically significant difference among different group. The abundances of Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus were low. DISCUSSION The microbial composition is different between severe acne patients acne patients and healthy individuals. The therapeutic efficacy of severe acne treated with PDT is associated with the composition and diversity of skin microbiota. CONCLUSION The skin microbial composition changes after PDT treatment. PDT is an effective method for the treatment of severe acne.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangmin Guo
- Department of DermatologyFirst Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical CollegeShantouChina
- Department of DermatologyHuizhou Dermatology HospitalHuizhouChina
| | - Mi Zeng
- Department of Cell Biology and GeneticsShantou University Medical CollegeShantouChina
| | - Yumeng Yuan
- Department of Cell Biology and GeneticsShantou University Medical CollegeShantouChina
| | - Mengsi Yuan
- Department of DermatologyFirst Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical CollegeShantouChina
| | - Yanxia Chen
- Department of DermatologyFirst Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical CollegeShantouChina
| | - Haoyang Yu
- Department of DermatologyFirst Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical CollegeShantouChina
| | - Ruimin Liu
- Department of DermatologyFirst Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical CollegeShantouChina
| | - Zhijie Ruan
- Department of DermatologyFirst Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical CollegeShantouChina
| | - Qingdong Xie
- Department of Cell Biology and GeneticsShantou University Medical CollegeShantouChina
| | - Xiaoyang Jiao
- Department of Cell Biology and GeneticsShantou University Medical CollegeShantouChina
| | - Tao Lu
- Department of DermatologyFirst Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical CollegeShantouChina
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Guo Z, Yang Y, Wu Q, Liu M, Zhou L, Zhang L, Dong D. New insights into the characteristic skin microorganisms in different grades of acne and different acne sites. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1167923. [PMID: 37180251 PMCID: PMC10172595 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1167923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The increasing maturity of sequencing technology provides a convenient approach to studying the role of skin microorganisms in acne pathogenesis. However, there are still too few studies about the skin microbiota of Asian acne patients, especially a lack of detailed analysis of the characteristics of the skin microbiota in the different acne sites. Methods In this study, a total of 34 college students were recruited and divided into the health, mild acne, and severe acne groups. The bacterial and fungal flora of samples were separately detected by 16S and 18S rRNA gene sequencing. The biomarkers of different acne grades and different acne sites [forehead, cheek, chin, torso (including chest and back)] were excavated. Results and Discussion Our results indicated that there was no significant difference in species diversity between groups. The genera like Propionibacterium, Staphylococcus, Corynebacterium, and Malassezia, which have a relatively high abundance in the skin microbiota and were reported as the most acne-associated microbes, were no obvious differences between groups. On the contrary, the abundance of less reported Gram-negative bacteria (Pseudomonas, Ralstonia, and Pseudidiomarina) and Candida has a significant alteration. Compared with the health group and the mild group, in the severe group, the abundance of Pseudomonas and Ralstonia sharply reduced while that of Pseudidiomarina and Candida remarkably raised. Moreover, different acne sites have different numbers and types of biomarkers. Among the four acne sites, the cheek has the greatest number of biomarkers including Pseudomonas, Ralstonia, Pseudidiomarina, Malassezia, Saccharomyces, and Candida, while no biomarker was observed for the forehead. The network analysis indicated that there might be a competitive relationship between Pseudomonas and Propionibacterium. This study would provide a new insight and theoretical basis for precise and personalized acne microbial therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zitao Guo
- National Engineering Research Center of Cereal Fermentation and Food Biomanufacturing, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Yuliang Yang
- National Engineering Research Center of Cereal Fermentation and Food Biomanufacturing, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Qianjie Wu
- Wuxi Medical College, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Meng Liu
- Wuxi Medical College, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Leyuan Zhou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dushu Lake Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center of Cereal Fermentation and Food Biomanufacturing, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- *Correspondence: Liang Zhang,
| | - Dake Dong
- Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- Dake Dong,
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The Importance of the Microbiota in Shaping Women’s Health—The Current State of Knowledge. Appl Microbiol 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/applmicrobiol3010002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
According to current knowledge, a properly colonized human microbiota contributes to the proper functioning of the body. The composition of the natural flora changes depending on age, health, living conditions, and the use of antimicrobial agents: antibiotics, disinfectants, and some cosmetics. The human body is diversely populated with microorganisms and undergoes constant changes under the influence of various factors, and its proper composition is extremely important for the proper functioning of the body. Given the above, it was decided that we would review current scientific research that explains the cause–effect relationship between the composition of microorganisms populating the human body and health, focusing on women’s health. As a result, an overview paper was prepared based on 109 scientific sources from 2009–2022. Special attention was paid to the most recent scientific studies of the last five years, which account for more than 75% of the cited sources.
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Cannabinoid Compounds as a Pharmacotherapeutic Option for the Treatment of Non-Cancer Skin Diseases. Cells 2022; 11:cells11244102. [PMID: 36552866 PMCID: PMC9777118 DOI: 10.3390/cells11244102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The endocannabinoid system has been shown to be involved in various skin functions, such as melanogenesis and the maintenance of redox balance in skin cells exposed to UV radiation, as well as barrier functions, sebaceous gland activity, wound healing and the skin's immune response. In addition to the potential use of cannabinoids in the treatment and prevention of skin cancer, cannabinoid compounds and derivatives are of interest as potential systemic and topical applications for the treatment of various inflammatory, fibrotic and pruritic skin conditions. In this context, cannabinoid compounds have been successfully tested as a therapeutic option for the treatment of androgenetic alopecia, atopic and seborrhoeic dermatitis, dermatomyositis, asteatotic and atopic eczema, uraemic pruritis, scalp psoriasis, systemic sclerosis and venous leg ulcers. This review provides an insight into the current literature on cannabinoid compounds as potential medicines for the treatment of skin diseases.
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Marasca C, Ruggiero A, Cacciapuoti S, Fabbrocini G, Annunziata MC. Probiotic supplement combined with topical therapy in the treatment of mild to moderate acne: results from an Italian single centre interventional study. Ital J Dermatol Venerol 2022; 157:510-514. [PMID: 36177779 DOI: 10.23736/s2784-8671.22.07361-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acne is a chronic inflammatory disease of the pilosebaceous unit resulting from different cofactors. The alteration of the skin microbiome has recently been revealed to play a role in acne pathogenesis. Concerns with side effects of available systemic treatment for acne resulted in a greater focus on topical therapies, such as topical azelaic acid which showed to be an effective and safe treatment option for acne. The aim of our study was to evaluate the efficacy of a new treatment protocol for acne based on an oral supplement composed of biotin and 3 strains of lactic ferments combined with a topical gel composed of azelaic acid, hydroxypinacolone retinoate, and α-hydroxy acids. METHODS An Italian single-center interventional study was performed enrolling patients suffering from mild-to-moderate-acne. Patients were treated with a supplement based on biotin and 3 strains of lactic ferments, combined with a topical gel product (azelaic-acid, hydroxypinacolone retinoate, and α-hydroxy acids). All enrolled patients were scheduled for a total of 2 visits, a baseline visit (V0) and a follow-up visit after 60 days of treatment (V1). RESULTS A total of 30 patients were enrolled in the study. Between V0 (baseline) and V1 (60 days), there was a reduction of 37.4% in the GAGS Score, 40.7% in the SEBUTAPEtm Score, and 18% in the TEWL Score, and an increment of 44% in the T-Blue Test Score. No cases of serious AEs were reported in our experience. CONCLUSIONS Our results confirmed the promising therapeutic role of a probiotic supplement associated with topical therapy in the treatment of mild to moderate acne.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Marasca
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Angelo Ruggiero
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy -
| | - Sara Cacciapuoti
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Gabriella Fabbrocini
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria C Annunziata
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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Coenye T, Spittaels KJ, Achermann Y. The role of biofilm formation in the pathogenesis and antimicrobial susceptibility of Cutibacterium acnes. Biofilm 2022; 4:100063. [PMID: 34950868 PMCID: PMC8671523 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioflm.2021.100063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cutibacterium acnes (previously known as Propionibacterium acnes) is frequently found on lipid-rich parts of the human skin. While C. acnes is most known for its role in the development and progression of the skin disease acne, it is also involved in many other types of infections, often involving implanted medical devices. C. acnes readily forms biofilms in vitro and there is growing evidence that biofilm formation by this Gram-positive, facultative anaerobic micro-organism plays an important role in vivo and is also involved in treatment failure. In this brief review we present an overview on what is known about C. acnes biofilms (including their role in pathogenesis and reduced susceptibility to antibiotics), discuss model systems that can be used to study these biofilms in vitro and in vivo and give an overview of interspecies interactions occurring in polymicrobial communities containing C. acnes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom Coenye
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
| | - Karl-Jan Spittaels
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
| | - Yvonne Achermann
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Shao X, Chen Y, Zhang L, Zhang Y, Ariyawati A, Chen T, Chen J, Liu L, Pu Y, Li Y, Chen J. Effect of 30% Supramolecular Salicylic Acid Peel on Skin Microbiota and Inflammation in Patients with Moderate-to-Severe Acne Vulgaris. Dermatol Ther (Heidelb) 2022; 13:155-168. [PMID: 36350527 PMCID: PMC9823178 DOI: 10.1007/s13555-022-00844-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Thirty-percent supramolecular salicylic acid (SSA), a modified salicylic acid preparation, is a safe and effective treatment for moderate-to-severe acne vulgaris (AV). However, its mechanism of action remains unclear. We aimed to analyze the role of 30% SSA peels on skin microbiota and inflammation in patients with moderate-to-severe AV. METHODS A total of 28 patients were enrolled and received 30% SSA peels biweekly for 2 months. The Global Acne Grading System (GAGS) score, skin water content, transepidermal water loss (TEWL), pH, and sebum levels were assessed. Skin microbial samples and perilesional skin biopsies were obtained at the onset and 2 weeks after treatment completion. Samples were characterized using a high-throughput sequencing approach targeting a portion of the bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA gene. RESULTS After treatment, patients showed a significant improvement in their GAGS score and skin barrier indicators (P < 0.05). The GAGS score was positively associated with both the sebum concentration (R = 0.3, P = 0.027) and pH (R = 0.39, P = 0.003). Increased expression of caveolin-1 and decreased expression of interleukin (IL)-1a, IL-6, IL-17, transforming growth factor beta, and toll-like receptor 2 were observed in the skin tissue after treatment. The richness and evenness of the cutaneous microbiome decreased after treatment and the Staphylococcus proportion decreased significantly (P < 0.05), whereas the Propionibacterium proportion tended to decrease (P = 0.066). CONCLUSIONS On the basis of analyses of the skin barrier and microbiota, we speculate that the 30% SSA peel may have a therapeutic effect in patients with moderate-to-severe AV by improving the skin microenvironment and modulating the skin microbiome, thus reducing local inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Shao
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016 China
| | - Yangmei Chen
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016 China
| | - Lingzhao Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016 China
| | - Yujie Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016 China
| | - Asoka Ariyawati
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016 China
| | - Tingqiao Chen
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016 China
| | - Jiayi Chen
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016 China
| | - Lin Liu
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016 China
| | - Yihuan Pu
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016 China
| | - Yuxin Li
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016 China
| | - Jin Chen
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016 China
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Hrapovic N, Richard T, Messaraa C, Li X, Abbaspour A, Fabre S, Mavon A, Andersson B, Khmaladze I. Clinical and metagenomic profiling of hormonal acne-prone skin in different populations. J Cosmet Dermatol 2022; 21:6233-6242. [PMID: 35810346 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.15225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Acne is one of the most common skin concerns of unknown etiology, often connected to the menstrual cycle in women, and possibly to the microbial profile and function. OBJECTIVE We aimed to investigate how hormonal fluctuation affects hormonal acne-prone skin in different populations in relation to skin clinical parameters and microbial profiles. METHODS We evaluated skin features by using biophysical and topographical tools. For microbial profiling, we sequenced facial skin microbiota and associated the findings with the skin clinical parameters during the different phases of the menstrual cycle. RESULTS We identified differences between and within hormonal phases in women of Chinese and Caucasian origin. Changes were discovered in transepidermal water loss (TEWL), sebum level, hydration level, and pore volume. The most abundant identifiable genera in both ethnicities were Cutibacterium, Staphylococcus, and Streptococcus, without any significant abundant differences within the menstrual cycle. Interestingly, 11 bacterial metabolic pathways were downregulated in Chinese compared to Caucasian skin during the follicular phase. The majority of these pathways were associated with skin redox balance, perhaps indicating a weaker oxidative stress response in Chinese versus Caucasian skin. Novosphingobium taxa were increased in the Chinese skin microbiome, which has been reported to protect skin from pollution-mediated oxidative stress. CONCLUSION Thus, this pilot study explored some of the clinical and metagenomic changes in acne-prone skin, and provide guidance to tailor-personalized skin care regimes during the menstrual cycle. Also, the skin redox status in acne-prone skin, provides more opportunity to tailor-personalized skin care regimes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Xi Li
- Oriflame Cosmetics AB, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Afrouz Abbaspour
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | | | - Björn Andersson
- Department of Cellular and molecular Biology (CMB), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Simultaneous Determination of 37 Anti-infective Drugs Potentially Illegally Added to Cosmetics that Claimed to have Anti-acne Effects by UHPLC-Q-TOF HRMS. Chromatographia 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-022-04206-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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44
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Akaza N, Takasaki K, Nishiyama E, Usui A, Miura S, Yokoi A, Futamura K, Suzuki K, Yashiro Y, Yagami A. The Microbiome in Comedonal Contents of Inflammatory Acne Vulgaris is Composed of an Overgrowth of Cutibacterium Spp. and Other Cutaneous Microorganisms. CLINICAL, COSMETIC AND INVESTIGATIONAL DERMATOLOGY 2022; 15:2003-2012. [PMID: 36172249 PMCID: PMC9510696 DOI: 10.2147/ccid.s379609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Background Acne vulgaris (acne) and cutaneous resident microorganisms are considered to be closely related. However, the bacterial and fungal microbiota in the comedonal contents of inflammatory acne lesions have not yet been investigated in detail. Purpose To clarify the relationship between cutaneous microorganisms and acne, we examined the microbiome in the comedonal contents of inflammatory acne and on the facial skin of patients with acne using 16s rRNA and ITS gene sequencing with a next-generation sequencer (NGS). Patients and Methods Twenty-two untreated Japanese acne outpatients were examined. The comedonal contents of inflammatory acne lesions on the face were collected using a comedo extractor. Skin surface samples from facial skin were collected using the swab method. Results The results obtained revealed that the predominant bacteria in the comedonal contents of inflammatory acne were Cutibacterium spp. (more prominent in areas with large amounts of sebum), while those on the skin surface were Staphylococcus spp. Malassezia spp., particularly Malassezia restricta, were the predominant fungi in both the comedonal contents of inflammatory acne and on the skin surface. The bacterial microbiome in comedonal contents exhibited stronger metabolic activity, including the production of enzymes related to acne, than that on the skin surface. Conclusion These results indicate that acne is an inflammatory disease involving the overgrowth of Cutibacterium acnes and other cutaneous resident microorganisms, including Malassezia spp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narifumi Akaza
- Research Laboratories, Nippon Menard Cosmetic Co., Ltd., Nagoya, Japan
| | | | | | | | - Shiori Miura
- Research Laboratories, Nippon Menard Cosmetic Co., Ltd., Nagoya, Japan
| | - Aya Yokoi
- Nihombashi Irodori Dermatology Clinic, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Allergology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kyoko Futamura
- Department of Allergology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kayoko Suzuki
- Department of Allergology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Youichi Yashiro
- Research Laboratories, Nippon Menard Cosmetic Co., Ltd., Nagoya, Japan
| | - Akiko Yagami
- Department of Allergology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
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45
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Quan Q, Weng D, Li X, An Q, Yang Y, Yu B, Ma Y, Wang J. Analysis of drug efficacy for inflammatory skin on an organ-chip system. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:939629. [PMID: 36118585 PMCID: PMC9478476 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.939629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial skin infections cause a variety of common skin diseases that require drugs that are safer than antibiotics and have fewer side effects. However, for evaluating skin disease drugs, human skin tissue in vitro constructed traditionally on Transwell has inefficient screening ability because of its fragile barrier function. With mechanical forces and dynamic flow, the organ-on-a-chip system became an innovative, automatic, and modular way to construct pathological models and analyze effective pharmaceutical ingredients in vitro. In this research, we integrated skin extracellular matrix and skin cells into a microfluidic chip to construct a biomimetic “interface-controlled-skin-on-chip” system (IC-SoC), which constructed a stable air–liquid interface (ALI) and necessary mechanical signals for the development of human skin equivalents. The results demonstrated that in the microfluidic system with a flowing microenvironment and ALI, the skin tissue formed in vitro could differentiate into more mature tissue morphological structures and improve barrier function. Then, following exposing the skin surface on the IC-SoC to the stimulation of Propionibacterium acnes (P.acnes) and SLS (sodium lauryl sulfate), the barrier function decreased, as well as inflammatory factors such as IL-1α, IL-8, and PEG2 increased in the medium channel of the IC-SoC. After this pathological skin model was treated with dexamethasone and polyphyllin H, the results showed that polyphyllin H had a significant repair effect on the skin barrier and a significant inhibition effect on the release of inflammation-related cytokines, and the effects were more prominent than dexamethasone. This automated microfluidic system delivers an efficient tissue model for toxicological applications and drug evaluation for bacterial-infected damaged skin instead of animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianghua Quan
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, PR, China
| | - Ding Weng
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, PR, China
| | - Xuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, PR, China
| | - Quan An
- East Asia Skin Health Research Center, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Yang
- East Asia Skin Health Research Center, Beijing, China
| | - Bowen Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, PR, China
| | - Yuan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, PR, China
- *Correspondence: Yuan Ma, ; Jiadao Wang,
| | - Jiadao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, PR, China
- *Correspondence: Yuan Ma, ; Jiadao Wang,
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Yang Y, Qu L, Mijakovic I, Wei Y. Advances in the human skin microbiota and its roles in cutaneous diseases. Microb Cell Fact 2022; 21:176. [PMID: 36038876 PMCID: PMC9422115 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-022-01901-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Skin is the largest organ in the human body, and the interplay between the environment factors and human skin leads to some skin diseases, such as acne, psoriasis, and atopic dermatitis. As the first line of human immune defense, skin plays significant roles in human health via preventing the invasion of pathogens that is heavily influenced by the skin microbiota. Despite being a challenging niche for microbes, human skin is colonized by diverse commensal microorganisms that shape the skin environment. The skin microbiota can affect human health, and its imbalance and dysbiosis contribute to the skin diseases. This review focuses on the advances in our understanding of skin microbiota and its interaction with human skin. Moreover, the potential roles of microbiota in skin health and diseases are described, and some key species are highlighted. The prevention, diagnosis and treatment strategies for microbe-related skin diseases, such as healthy diets, lifestyles, probiotics and prebiotics, are discussed. Strategies for modulation of skin microbiota using synthetic biology are discussed as an interesting venue for optimization of the skin-microbiota interactions. In summary, this review provides insights into human skin microbiota recovery, the interactions between human skin microbiota and diseases, and the strategies for engineering/rebuilding human skin microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yudie Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450051, China.,Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450051, China
| | - Lingbo Qu
- Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450051, China.,College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ivan Mijakovic
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Göteborg, Sweden.,The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Yongjun Wei
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450051, China. .,Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450051, China.
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Beirne C, McCann E, McDowell A, Miliotis G. Genetic determinants of antimicrobial resistance in three multi-drug resistant strains of Cutibacterium acnes isolated from patients with acne: a predictive in silico study. Access Microbiol 2022; 4:acmi000404. [PMID: 36133174 PMCID: PMC9484663 DOI: 10.1099/acmi.0.000404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives. Using available whole genome data, the objective of this in silico study was to identify genetic mechanisms that could explain the antimicrobial resistance profile of three multi-drug resistant (MDR) strains (CA17, CA51, CA39) of the skin bacterium
Cutibacterium acnes
previously recovered from patients with acne. In particular, we were interested in detecting novel genetic determinants associated with resistance to fluoroquinolone and macrolide antibiotics that could then be confirmed experimentally.
Methods. A range of open source bioinformatics tools were used to ‘mine’ genetic determinants of antimicrobial resistance and plasmid borne contigs, and to characterise the phylogenetic diversity of the MDR strains.
Results. As probable mechanisms of resistance to fluoroquinolones, we identified a previously described resistance associated allelic variant of the gyrA gene with a ‘deleterious' S101L mutation in type IA1 strains CA51 (ST1) and CA39 (ST1), as well as a novel E761R ‘deleterious’ mutation in the type II strain CA17 (ST153). A distinct genomic sequence of the efflux protein YfmO which is potentially associated with resistance to MLSB antibiotics was also present in CA17; homologues in CA51, CA39, and other strains of
Cutibacterium acnes
, were also found but differed in amino acid content. Strikingly, in CA17 we also identified a circular 2.7 kb non-conjugative plasmid (designated pCA17) that closely resembled a 4.8 kb plasmid (pYU39) from the MDR
Salmonella enterica
strain YU39.
Conclusions. This study has provided a detailed explanation of potential genetic determinants for MDR in the
Cutibacterium acnes
strains CA17, CA39 and CA51. Further laboratory investigations will be required to validate these in silico results, especially in relation to pCA17.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catriona Beirne
- Antimicrobial Resistance and Microbial Ecology Group, School of Medicine, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - Emily McCann
- Antimicrobial Resistance and Microbial Ecology Group, School of Medicine, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - Andrew McDowell
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health, (NICHE), School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, Ireland
| | - Georgios Miliotis
- Antimicrobial Resistance and Microbial Ecology Group, School of Medicine, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
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Novel topical drug delivery systems in acne management: Molecular mechanisms and role of targeted delivery systems for better therapeutic outcomes. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.103595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Fabbrocini G, Ferrillo M, Donnarumma M, Papale A, Pinto D, Rinaldi F. A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Multicentric Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and the Tolerability of a Class II Medical Device in the Treatment of Mild and Moderate Acne. Dermatol Ther (Heidelb) 2022; 12:1835-1845. [PMID: 35861908 PMCID: PMC9357589 DOI: 10.1007/s13555-022-00767-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Several options are available to treat acne lesions, including topical benzoyl peroxide, topical retinoids, topical antibiotics, oral antibiotics, hormonal therapy, isotretinoin, and procedural therapies, such as light and laser therapies, although these cause side effects. This study aimed to establish the efficacy and tolerability of a class IIa medical device containing lactic acid, azelaic acid/polyglyceryl-3 copolymer, azelamidopropyl dimethyl amine, and bifida ferment lysate for the treatment of mild and moderate acne lesions. METHODS A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicentric study was carried out in which 60 persons of both genders aged ≥ 16 years affected by mild or moderate acne were enrolled. Each person used the product twice daily for 2 months. The clinical score (classified as absent, mild, moderate, and severe) of lesions such as blackheads, whiteheads, papules and pustules, erythema, desquamation, sebum secretion, and porphyrins production by a wood lamp was evaluated on the basis of a dermatologist's visual assessment at baseline (t0) and after 2 months of treatment (t1), and the results were compared between groups. Digital photographic images were also taken. RESULTS Sixty subjects concluded the trial. It was observed that subjects treated with the medical device (group I) showed overall improvement in the analyzed acne lesions compared with placebo (group II) after 2 months of treatment. The efficacy of the treatment was also expressed as partial and total clearance. The medical device produced higher percentages of both partial and total clearance in all analyzed parameters, compared with the placebo group. The study was safe and well tolerated. CONCLUSIONS It was observed that the participants showed an overall improvement of the analyzed lesions in comparison with the placebo group, without adverse events during the trial. Hence, the medical device was found to be safe and effective in the treatment of mild or moderate acne.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella Fabbrocini
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Section of Dermatology, University Hospital Federico II of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Ferrillo
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Section of Dermatology, University Hospital Federico II of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Marianna Donnarumma
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Section of Dermatology, University Hospital Federico II of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Angela Papale
- HMAP, Human Microbiome Advanced Project, Via Pelagio Palagi, 2, 20129, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniela Pinto
- HMAP, Human Microbiome Advanced Project, Via Pelagio Palagi, 2, 20129, Milan, Italy
| | - Fabio Rinaldi
- HMAP, Human Microbiome Advanced Project, Via Pelagio Palagi, 2, 20129, Milan, Italy.
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Farfán J, Gonzalez JM, Vives M. The immunomodulatory potential of phage therapy to treat acne: a review on bacterial lysis and immunomodulation. PeerJ 2022; 10:e13553. [PMID: 35910763 PMCID: PMC9332329 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.13553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Characterized by an inflammatory pathogenesis, acne is the most common skin disorder worldwide. Altered sebum production, abnormal proliferation of keratinocytes, and microbiota dysbiosis represented by disbalance in Cutibacterium acnes population structure, have a synergic effect on inflammation of acne-compromised skin. Although the role of C. acnes as a single factor in acne development is still under debate, it is known that skin and skin-resident immune cells recognize this bacterium and produce inflammatory markers as a result. Control of the inflammatory response is frequently the target for acne treatment, using diverse chemical or physical agents including antibiotics. However, some of these treatments have side effects that compromise patient adherence and drug safety and in the case of antibiotics, it has been reported C. acnes resistance to these molecules. Phage therapy is an alternative to treat antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains and have been recently proposed as an immunomodulatory therapy. Here, we explore this perspective about phage therapy for acne, considering the potential immunomodulatory role of phages. Methodology Literature review was performed using four different databases (Europe PubMed Central-ePMC, Google Scholar, PubMed, and ScienceDirect). Articles were ordered and selected according to their year of publication, number of citations, and quartile of the publishing journal. Results The use of lytic bacteriophages to control bacterial infections has proven its promising results, and anti-inflammatory effects have been found for some bacteriophages and phage therapy. These effects can be related to bacterial elimination or direct interaction with immune cells that result in the regulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Studies on C. acnes bacteriophages have investigated their lytic activity, genomic structure, and stability on different matrices. However, studies exploring the potential of immunomodulation of these bacteriophages are still scarce. Conclusions C. acnes bacteriophages, as well as other phages, may have direct immunomodulatory effects that are yet to be fully elucidated. To our knowledge, to the date that this review was written, there are only two studies that investigate anti-inflammatory properties for C. acnes bacteriophages. In those studies, it has been evidenced reduction of pro-inflammatory response to C. acnes inoculation in mice after bacteriophage application. Nevertheless, these studies were conducted in mice, and the interaction with the immune response was not described. Phage therapy to treat acne can be a suitable therapeutic alternative to C. acnes control, which in turn can aid to restore the skin's balance of microbiota. By controlling C. acnes colonization, C. acnes bacteriophages can reduce inflammatory reactions triggered by this bacterium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Farfán
- Biological Sciences Department, Faculty of Science, Universidad de Los Andes, Bogotá, Bogotá D.C., Colombia
| | - John M. Gonzalez
- School of Medicine, Universidad de Los Andes, Bogotá, Bogotá D.C., Colombia
| | - Martha Vives
- Biological Sciences Department, Faculty of Science, Universidad de Los Andes, Bogotá, Bogotá D.C., Colombia
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