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Ghaeini Hesarooeyeh Z, Basham A, Sheybani-Arani M, Abbaszadeh M, Salimi Asl A, Moghbeli M, Saburi E. Effect of resveratrol and curcumin and the potential synergism on hypertension: A mini-review of human and animal model studies. Phytother Res 2024; 38:42-58. [PMID: 37784212 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
Resveratrol (RES) and curcumin (CUR) are two of the most extensively studied bioactive compounds in cardiovascular research from the past until today. These compounds have effectively lowered blood pressure by downregulating the renin-angiotensin system, exerting antioxidant effects, and exhibiting antiproliferative activities on blood vessels. This study aims to summarize the results of human and animal studies investigating the effects of CUR, RES, and their combination on hypertension and the molecular mechanisms involved. The published trials' results are controversial regarding blood pressure reduction with different doses of RES and CUR, highlighting the need to address this issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Ghaeini Hesarooeyeh
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Ayoub Basham
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | | | - Mahshid Abbaszadeh
- Student Research Committee, School of Dentistry, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Ali Salimi Asl
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Meysam Moghbeli
- Medical Genetics Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ehsan Saburi
- Medical Genetics Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Charchar FJ, Prestes PR, Mills C, Ching SM, Neupane D, Marques FZ, Sharman JE, Vogt L, Burrell LM, Korostovtseva L, Zec M, Patil M, Schultz MG, Wallen MP, Renna NF, Islam SMS, Hiremath S, Gyeltshen T, Chia YC, Gupta A, Schutte AE, Klein B, Borghi C, Browning CJ, Czesnikiewicz-Guzik M, Lee HY, Itoh H, Miura K, Brunström M, Campbell NR, Akinnibossun OA, Veerabhadrappa P, Wainford RD, Kruger R, Thomas SA, Komori T, Ralapanawa U, Cornelissen VA, Kapil V, Li Y, Zhang Y, Jafar TH, Khan N, Williams B, Stergiou G, Tomaszewski M. Lifestyle management of hypertension: International Society of Hypertension position paper endorsed by the World Hypertension League and European Society of Hypertension. J Hypertens 2024; 42:23-49. [PMID: 37712135 PMCID: PMC10713007 DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0000000000003563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Hypertension, defined as persistently elevated systolic blood pressure (SBP) >140 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure (DBP) at least 90 mmHg (International Society of Hypertension guidelines), affects over 1.5 billion people worldwide. Hypertension is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) events (e.g. coronary heart disease, heart failure and stroke) and death. An international panel of experts convened by the International Society of Hypertension College of Experts compiled lifestyle management recommendations as first-line strategy to prevent and control hypertension in adulthood. We also recommend that lifestyle changes be continued even when blood pressure-lowering medications are prescribed. Specific recommendations based on literature evidence are summarized with advice to start these measures early in life, including maintaining a healthy body weight, increased levels of different types of physical activity, healthy eating and drinking, avoidance and cessation of smoking and alcohol use, management of stress and sleep levels. We also discuss the relevance of specific approaches including consumption of sodium, potassium, sugar, fibre, coffee, tea, intermittent fasting as well as integrated strategies to implement these recommendations using, for example, behaviour change-related technologies and digital tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fadi J. Charchar
- Health Innovation and Transformation Centre, Federation University Australia, Ballarat, Australia
- Department of Physiology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Priscilla R. Prestes
- Health Innovation and Transformation Centre, Federation University Australia, Ballarat, Australia
| | - Charlotte Mills
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - Siew Mooi Ching
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang
- Department of Medical Sciences, School of Medical and Live Sciences, Sunway University, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Dinesh Neupane
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA
| | - Francine Z. Marques
- Hypertension Research Laboratory, School of Biological Sciences, Monash University
- Heart Failure Research Group, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne
| | - James E. Sharman
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Liffert Vogt
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section Nephrology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Microcirculation, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Louise M. Burrell
- Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Austin Health, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Lyudmila Korostovtseva
- Department of Hypertension, Almazov National Medical Research Centre, St Petersburg, Russia
| | - Manja Zec
- School of Nutritional Sciences and Wellness, University of Arizona, Tucson, USA
- Colorado Program for Musculoskeletal Research, Department of Orthopedics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, USA
| | - Mansi Patil
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Asha Kiran JHC Hospital, Chinchwad
- Hypertension and Nutrition, Core Group of IAPEN India, India
| | - Martin G. Schultz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section Nephrology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Microcirculation, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Nicolás F. Renna
- Unit of Hypertension, Hospital Español de Mendoza, School of Medicine, National University of Cuyo, IMBECU-CONICET, Mendoza, Argentina
| | | | - Swapnil Hiremath
- Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa and the Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Tshewang Gyeltshen
- Graduate School of Public Health, St. Luke's International University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yook-Chin Chia
- Department of Medical Sciences, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Selangor
- Department of Primary Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Abhinav Gupta
- Department of Medicine, Acharya Shri Chander College of Medical Sciences and Hospital, Jammu, India
| | - Aletta E. Schutte
- School of Population Health, University of New South Wales, The George Institute for Global Health, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Hypertension in Africa Research Team, SAMRC Unit for Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, North-West University
- SAMRC Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, School of Clinical Medicine, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Britt Klein
- Health Innovation and Transformation Centre, Federation University Australia, Ballarat, Australia
| | - Claudio Borghi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Colette J. Browning
- Health Innovation and Transformation Centre, Federation University Australia, Ballarat, Australia
| | - Marta Czesnikiewicz-Guzik
- School of Medicine, Dentistry and Nursing-Dental School, University of Glasgow, UK
- Department of Periodontology, Prophylaxis and Oral Medicine; Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Hae-Young Lee
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hiroshi Itoh
- Department of Internal Medicine (Nephrology, Endocrinology and Metabolism), Keio University, Tokyo
| | - Katsuyuki Miura
- NCD Epidemiology Research Center, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
| | - Mattias Brunström
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Norm R.C. Campbell
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | | | - Praveen Veerabhadrappa
- Kinesiology, Division of Science, The Pennsylvania State University, Reading, Pennsylvania
| | - Richard D. Wainford
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, The Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston
- Division of Cardiology, Emory University, Atlanta, USA
| | - Ruan Kruger
- Hypertension in Africa Research Team (HART), North-West University, Potchefstroom
- MRC Research Unit for Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Shane A. Thomas
- Health Innovation and Transformation Centre, Federation University Australia, Ballarat, Australia
| | - Takahiro Komori
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Udaya Ralapanawa
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
| | | | - Vikas Kapil
- William Harvey Research Institute, Centre for Cardiovascular Medicine and Devices, NIHR Barts Biomedical Research Centre, BRC, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University London
- Barts BP Centre of Excellence, Barts Heart Centre, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai
| | - Yuqing Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Fu Wai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chinese Hypertension League, Beijing, China
| | - Tazeen H. Jafar
- Program in Health Services and Systems Research, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
- Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Nadia Khan
- Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Bryan Williams
- University College London (UCL), Institute of Cardiovascular Science, National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), UCL Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre, London, UK
| | - George Stergiou
- Hypertension Centre STRIDE-7, School of Medicine, Third Department of Medicine, Sotiria Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Maciej Tomaszewski
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Biology and Health, University of Manchester
- Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester Royal Infirmary, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
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Fogacci F, Degli Esposti D, Di Micoli A, Fiorini G, Veronesi M, Borghi C, Cicero AFG. Effect of dietary supplementation with Diuripres® on blood pressure, vascular health, and metabolic parameters in individuals with high-normal blood pressure or stage I hypertension: The CONDOR randomized clinical study. Phytother Res 2023; 37:4851-4861. [PMID: 37448322 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Our aim was to evaluate if a nutritional intervention with a dietary supplement (Diuripres®) containing magnesium, standardized extract of orthosiphon, hawthorn, and hibiscus could positively affect blood pressure (BP), vascular health, and metabolic parameters in 60 individuals with high-normal BP or stage I hypertension. Participants followed a low-fat low-sodium Mediterranean diet for 4 weeks before being randomly allocated to 8-week treatment with two pills each day of either Diuripres® or placebo. Diuripres® significantly decreased systolic BP compared to placebo after 4 weeks (3.1 ± 0.8 mmHg; p < 0.05) and more consistently after 8 weeks (3.4 ± 0.9 mmHg; p < 0.05). At 8-week follow-up, after correction for multiple testing, dietary supplementation with Diuripres® was associated with significant improvements in diastolic BP (-3.1 ± 0.6 mmHg; p < 0.05), aortic BP (-4.3 ± 0.4 mmHg; p < 0.05), and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP; 0.04 ± 0.01 mg/dL; p < 0.05) in comparison with baseline. The reductions in diastolic BP (--3.8 ± 0.7 mmHg; p < 0.05), aortic BP (-5.2 ± 1.0 mmHg; p < 0.05), and hs-CRP (-0.03 ± 0.01 mg/dL; p < 0.05) were also significant compared to placebo. Therefore, our study shows that dietary supplementation with Diuripres® may be useful in individuals with high-normal BP or stage I hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Fogacci
- Hypertension and Cardiovascular Risk Research Center, Medical and Surgical Sciences Department, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Italian Nutraceutical Society (SINut), Bologna, Italy
| | - Daniela Degli Esposti
- Hypertension and Cardiovascular Risk Research Center, Medical and Surgical Sciences Department, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Unit of Cardiovascular Internal Medicine, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Pathology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Antonio Di Micoli
- Unit of Cardiovascular Internal Medicine, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Pathology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giulia Fiorini
- Unit of Cardiovascular Internal Medicine, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Pathology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Maddalena Veronesi
- Hypertension and Cardiovascular Risk Research Center, Medical and Surgical Sciences Department, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Unit of Cardiovascular Internal Medicine, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Pathology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Claudio Borghi
- Hypertension and Cardiovascular Risk Research Center, Medical and Surgical Sciences Department, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Unit of Cardiovascular Internal Medicine, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Pathology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Arrigo F G Cicero
- Hypertension and Cardiovascular Risk Research Center, Medical and Surgical Sciences Department, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Unit of Cardiovascular Internal Medicine, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Pathology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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Tse YH, Tuet CY, Lau KK, Tse HF. Dietary modification for prevention and control of high blood pressure. Postgrad Med J 2023; 99:1058-1067. [PMID: 37286197 DOI: 10.1093/postmj/qgad021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Hypertension (HT) remains the leading cause of cardiovascular and premature death around the world. Diet is one of the important factors that contributes to the development of HT. We review the current evidence of how different dietary factors may influence blood pressure (BP) and consequent development of HT. There is evidence that BP is positively associated with higher consumption of sodium, alcohol, animal-based protein such as red meat, low-quality carbohydrates such as sugar-sweetened beverages, and saturated fatty acids. On the contrary, other dietary constituents have BP-lowering effects. These include potassium, calcium, magnesium, yogurt, eggs, plant-based proteins such as soy and legumes, mono- and polyunsaturated fatty acids, and high-quality carbohydrates such as whole grain and fruits. Dietary fibre is unrelated to BP lowering, possibly due to the different mechanisms of various types of fibre. The effects of caffeine, hibiscus tea, pomegranate, and sesame on BP are also unclear as evidence is hard to assess due to the varying concentrations and different types of drinks used in studies. Implementing dietary changes such as the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH diet) or adopting a Mediterranean diet has been shown to reduce and control BP. Although the effect of diet on BP control has been established, the optimal amount of each dietary component and consequent ability to devise a personalized diet for HT prevention and BP control for different populations still require further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiu-Hei Tse
- Department of Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Choi-Yee Tuet
- Department of Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kui-Kai Lau
- Department of Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- The State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hung-Fat Tse
- Department of Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Center for Translational Stem Cell Biology, Hong Kong, China
- Cardiac and Vascular Center, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518053, China
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5
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Chen Y, Yuan J, Lei X, Cheng Y, Wei X. Metabolic status and vascular endothelial structure in obese hypertensive patients treated with non-pharmacological therapies: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0279582. [PMID: 36583997 PMCID: PMC9803191 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0279582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the efficacy of non-drug treatment on metabolism and vascular endothelium in obese hypertension. METHODS Relevant publications were searched in the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases for clinical studies on the effects of non-pharmacological treatments in obese hypertensive patients published from inception to April 2022. After searching and screening the literature, information was extracted, and the quality of the literature was evaluated by the investigators. Data processing was performed using Rev Man 5.3 statistical analysis software, while the TSA 0.9 software was used for sequential analysis of blood pressure and endothelial-related indicators. RESULTS A total of 8 literature articles with 480 patients were included. The analysis showed that non-pharmacological treatment effectively reduced systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, heart rate, body weight, body mass index, glucose levels, soluble intercellular adhesion molecule 1, triglycerides, triglycerides, Low-density lipoprotein. For tumor necrosis factor α, soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule 1, high-density lipoprotein, C-reactive protein, high-sensitive C-reactive protein, and total antioxidant status by dietary supplements mainly. In contrast, no significant treatment effect was observed for Endothelin-1. Sequential analysis of the trial showed definitive evidence for improvement in blood pressure and inflammation. CONCLUSION Non-pharmacological treatment of obese hypertensive patients may reduce blood pressure, body weight, and blood glucose, control inflammatory factor release and improve vascular endothelium to some extent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingru Chen
- College of First Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Jie Yuan
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Xueli Lei
- College of First Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yan Cheng
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
- * E-mail: (YC); (XW)
| | - Xijin Wei
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
- * E-mail: (YC); (XW)
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Puri V, Nagpal M, Singh I, Singh M, Dhingra GA, Huanbutta K, Dheer D, Sharma A, Sangnim T. A Comprehensive Review on Nutraceuticals: Therapy Support and Formulation Challenges. Nutrients 2022; 14:4637. [PMID: 36364899 PMCID: PMC9654660 DOI: 10.3390/nu14214637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Nutraceuticals are the nourishing components (hybrid of nutrition and pharmaceuticals) that are biologically active and possess capability for maintaining optimal health and benefits. These products play a significant role in human health care and its endurance, most importantly for the future therapeutic development. Nutraceuticals have received recognition due to their nutritional benefits along with therapeutic effects and safety profile. Nutraceuticals are globally growing in the field of services such as health care promotion, disease reduction, etc. Various drug nutraceutical interactions have also been elaborated with various examples in this review. Several patents on nutraceuticals in agricultural applications and in various diseases have been stated in the last section of review, which confirms the exponential growth of nutraceuticals' market value. Nutraceuticals have been used not only for nutrition but also as a support therapy for the prevention and treatment of various diseases, such as to reduce side effects of cancer chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Diverse novel nanoformulation approaches tend to overcome challenges involved in formulation development of nutraceuticals. Prior information on various interactions with drugs may help in preventing any deleterious effects of nutraceuticals products. Nanotechnology also leads to the generation of micronized dietary products and other nutraceutical supplements with improved health benefits. In this review article, the latest key findings (clinical studies) on nutraceuticals that show the therapeutic action of nutraceutical's bioactive molecules on various diseases have also been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek Puri
- School of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Baddi 174103, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Manju Nagpal
- College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura 140401, Punjab, India
| | - Inderbir Singh
- College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura 140401, Punjab, India
| | - Manjinder Singh
- College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura 140401, Punjab, India
| | - Gitika Arora Dhingra
- NCRD’s Sterling Institute of Pharmacy, Nerul, Navi Mumbai 400706, Maharashtra, India
| | - Kampanart Huanbutta
- School of Pharmacy, Eastern Asia University, Pathum Thani 12110, Tanyaburi, Thailand
| | - Divya Dheer
- School of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Baddi 174103, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Ameya Sharma
- School of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Baddi 174103, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Tanikan Sangnim
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Burapha University, Chonburi 20131, Muang, Thailand
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Golpour-Hamedani S, Hadi A, SafariMalekabadi D, Najafgholizadeh A, Askari G, Pourmasoumi M. The effect of nigella supplementation on blood pressure: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 64:943-956. [PMID: 35975622 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2110566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
This study was performed to assess the effect of nigella supplementation on blood pressure levels among the adult population. A comprehensive search was carried out through PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library by using relevant keywords to find out the randomized clinical trials evaluating the effect of nigella administration on systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP). A random-effect model was applied to achieve the overall effect size. Subgroup analysis and meta-regression were used to explore the source of heterogeneity and the effects of the possible moderators. Of the twenty-two trials that were eligible for the present study, seventeen studies consisting of 1048 participants were included in the meta-analysis. The results indicated that nigella administration could significantly reduce both SBP (-4.58 mmHg; 95%CI: -6.22, -2.94) and DBP (-3.08 mmHg; 95%CI: -4.62, -1.55). Subgroup analysis did not show any superiority between subgroups of variables. Dose-response analysis detected a nonlinear association between dose and duration of administration and change in blood pressure outcomes, highlighting that maximum SBP and DBP reduction was experienced at 2000 mg/day and 8 weeks of nigella administration, respectively. The present study suggests that nigella supplementation can be beneficial for managing blood pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Golpour-Hamedani
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Amir Hadi
- Halal Research Center of IRI, Food and Drug Administration, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran
| | - Delaram SafariMalekabadi
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Health and Nutrition, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | | | - Gholamreza Askari
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Makan Pourmasoumi
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
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8
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Asbaghi O, Shimi G, Naseri K, Saadati S, Kelishadi MR, Doaei S, Haghighat N. The effects of conjugated linoleic acid supplementation on blood pressure and endothelial function in adults: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 931:175162. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.175162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Sarzani R, Laureti G, Gezzi A, Spannella F, Giulietti F. Single-pill fixed-dose drug combinations to reduce blood pressure: the right pill for the right patient. Ther Adv Chronic Dis 2022; 13:20406223221102754. [PMID: 35769133 PMCID: PMC9235298 DOI: 10.1177/20406223221102754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Arterial hypertension is one of the major causes of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality worldwide. Effective and sustained reduction in blood pressure is essential to reduce individual cardiovascular risk. In daily clinical practice, single-pill fixed-dose combinations of different drug classes are important therapeutic resources that could improve both treatment adherence and cardiovascular risk management by targeting distinct pathophysiological mechanisms. The aim of this practical narrative review is to help physicians choosing the right single-pill fixed-dose combination for the right patient in the daily clinical practice, based on the individual clinical phenotype and cardiovascular risk profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Sarzani
- Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, 'Hypertension Excellence Centre' of the European Society of Hypertension, IRCCS, INRCA, via della Montagnola 81, 60127 Ancona, Italy
| | - Giorgia Laureti
- Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, 'Hypertension Excellence Centre' of the European Society of Hypertension, IRCCS, INRCA, Ancona, Italy
| | - Alessandro Gezzi
- Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, 'Hypertension Excellence Centre' of the European Society of Hypertension, IRCCS, INRCA, Ancona, Italy
| | - Francesco Spannella
- Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, 'Hypertension Excellence Centre' of the European Society of Hypertension, IRCCS, INRCA, Ancona, Italy
| | - Federico Giulietti
- Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, 'Hypertension Excellence Centre' of the European Society of Hypertension, IRCCS, INRCA, Ancona, Italy
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The Effects of Berry Polyphenols on the Gut Microbiota and Blood Pressure: A Systematic Review of Randomized Clinical Trials in Humans. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14112263. [PMID: 35684063 PMCID: PMC9182664 DOI: 10.3390/nu14112263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Berry consumption has beneficial effects on blood pressure. Intestinal microbiota transform berry phytochemicals into more bioactive forms. Thus, we performed a systematic review of randomized clinical trials to determine whether berry polyphenols in foods, extracts or supplements have effects on both the profile of gut microbiota and systolic and diastolic blood pressure in humans. PubMed, Cochrane Library, Scopus, and CAB Abstracts (EBSCOhost) were searched for randomized clinical trials in humans published from 1 January 2011 to 29 October 2021. Search results were imported into Covidence for screening and data extraction by two blinded reviewers, who also performed bias assessment independently. The literature search identified 216 publications; after duplicates were removed, 168 publications were screened with 12 full-text publications assessed for eligibility. Ultimately three randomized clinical trials in humans met the eligibility criteria. One randomized clinical trial showed a low risk of bias while the other two randomized clinical trials included low, high or unclear risk of bias. Together the randomized clinical trials showed that berry consumption (Aronia berry, strawberries, raspberries, cloudberries and bilberries) for 8–12 weeks had no significant effect on both blood pressure and the gut microbiota. More randomized clinical trials are needed to determine the effects of berry consumption on the profile of gut microbiota and blood pressure in humans.
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Borghi C, Fogacci F, Agnoletti D, Cicero AFG. Hypertension and Dyslipidemia Combined Therapeutic Approaches. High Blood Press Cardiovasc Prev 2022; 29:221-230. [PMID: 35334087 PMCID: PMC9050771 DOI: 10.1007/s40292-022-00507-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Treating blood pressure (BP) alone may provide only limited benefits while it is recommendable to manage the total cardiovascular risk. To date, several studies have shown that concomitant treatment of hypertension and dyslipidemia with non-pharmacological approaches and/or metabolically neutral antihypertensive drugs and statins produce a significantly greater reduction of the risk of developing cardiovascular disease. Thus, in this review article, we summarize the available evidence regarding non-pharmacological and pharmacological approaches with a favourable effect on both BP and lipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Borghi
- Medical and Surgical Sciences Department, Hypertension and Cardiovascular Risk Factors Research Center, Sant'Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, U.O. Medicina Interna Cardiovascolare, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Via Albertoni, 15, 40138, Bologna, Italy. .,IRCCS AOU S. Orsola-Malpighi, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Federica Fogacci
- Medical and Surgical Sciences Department, Hypertension and Cardiovascular Risk Factors Research Center, Sant'Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, U.O. Medicina Interna Cardiovascolare, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Via Albertoni, 15, 40138, Bologna, Italy.,IRCCS AOU S. Orsola-Malpighi, Bologna, Italy
| | - Davide Agnoletti
- Medical and Surgical Sciences Department, Hypertension and Cardiovascular Risk Factors Research Center, Sant'Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, U.O. Medicina Interna Cardiovascolare, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Via Albertoni, 15, 40138, Bologna, Italy.,IRCCS AOU S. Orsola-Malpighi, Bologna, Italy
| | - Arrigo F G Cicero
- Medical and Surgical Sciences Department, Hypertension and Cardiovascular Risk Factors Research Center, Sant'Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, U.O. Medicina Interna Cardiovascolare, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Via Albertoni, 15, 40138, Bologna, Italy.,IRCCS AOU S. Orsola-Malpighi, Bologna, Italy
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Reduction of High Cholesterol Levels by a Preferably Fixed-Combination Strategy as the First Step in the Treatment of Hypertensive Patients with Hypercholesterolemia and High/Very High Cardiovascular Risk: A Consensus Document by the Italian Society of Hypertension. High Blood Press Cardiovasc Prev 2022; 29:105-113. [PMID: 34978703 PMCID: PMC8942896 DOI: 10.1007/s40292-021-00501-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The primary and secondary prevention strategies of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) largely rely on the management of arterial hypertension and hypercholesterolemia, two major risk factors possibly linked in pathophysiological terms by the renin-angiotensin system activation and that often coexist in the same patient synergistically increasing cardiovascular risk. The classic pharmacologic armamentarium to reduce hypercholesterolemia has been based in the last two decades on statins, ezetimibe, and bile acid sequestrants. More recently numerous novel, additive resources targeting different pathways in LDL cholesterol metabolism have emerged. They include drugs targeting the proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) (inhibitory antibodies; small-interfering RNAs), the angiopoietin-like protein 3 (inhibitory antibodies), and the ATP-citrate lyase (the inhibitory oral prodrug, bempedoic acid), with PCSK9 inhibitors and bempedoic acid already approved for clinical use. With the potential of at least halving LDL cholesterol levels faster and more effectively with the addition of ezetimibe than with high-intensity statin alone, and even more with the addition of the novel available drugs, this document endorsed by the Italian Society of Hypertension proposes a novel paradigm for the treatment of the hypertensive patient with hypercholesterolemia at high and very high ASCVD risk. Our proposal is based on the use as a first-line of a preferably fixed combination of lipid-lowering drugs, under the motto “Our goal: achieve control. No setback: combine and check”.
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Zhdan VМ, Kitura YM, Babanina МY, Kitura ОY, Tkachenko MV, Kyrian OA, Ivanytskyi IV. MEDICAL REHABILITATION OF PATIENTS WITH ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION IN GENERAL MEDICAL PRACTICE. BULLETIN OF PROBLEMS BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2022. [DOI: 10.29254/2077-4214-2022-4-167-59-65] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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14
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Liao W, Sun G, Xu D, Wang Y, Lu Y, Sun J, Xia H, Wang S. The Blood-Pressure-Lowering Effect of Food-Protein-Derived Peptides: A Meta-Analysis of Recent Clinical Trials. Foods 2021; 10:foods10102316. [PMID: 34681364 PMCID: PMC8535520 DOI: 10.3390/foods10102316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Although clinical trials of food-protein-derived peptides in the management of hypertension have been published, the results are controversial, which compelled us to conduct a meta-analysis to evaluate the pooled effect of peptide intervention. In this study, we searched for studies published between 2010 and 2021 and selected 12 eligible studies for a meta-analysis. The pooled effect of peptide intervention for systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) was −3.28 mmHg (95% CI: −4.54, −2.03, p < 0.001) and −1.82 mmHg (95% CI: −3.46, −0.18, p = 0.03), respectively. Sub-group analyses showed that the reduction in BP in participants with higher basal BP (>140/85 mmHg) was greater (p = 0.007 for SBP and p = 0.01 for DBP), and the effect was stronger in Asian participants as compared with non-Asian participants (p = 0.01 for SBP and p = 0.04 for DBP). In addition, the effect of peptide intervention was more pronounced on SBP in participant groups with a lower ratio of male to female (≤0.5) as well as in participants with a mean age ≥50 years old. In conclusion, food-protein-derived antihypertensive peptides can significantly reduce BP in prehypertensive and hypertensive patients. Findings from this study could provide guidance for the design of clinical trials of antihypertensive peptides.
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Cicero AFG, Veronesi M, Fogacci F. Dietary Intervention to Improve Blood Pressure Control: Beyond Salt Restriction. High Blood Press Cardiovasc Prev 2021; 28:547-553. [PMID: 34533781 PMCID: PMC8590666 DOI: 10.1007/s40292-021-00474-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Lifestyle improvement is a cornerstone of cardiovascular disease prevention and has a relevant effect on blood pressure control. During the last decades the attention of the researcher has focused on low-salt diets as the lifestyle modification most effective in blood pressure reduction. Current international guidelines thus suggest to stress the importance of the implementation of the dietary approach to stop hypertension (DASH) diet and of a low-salt Mediterranean diet to achieve the best results in term of blood pressure decrease. However, salt reduction in diet could be not the only nor the main determinant of blood pressure reduction under dietary treatment. DASH and low-salt Mediterranean diet are also characterized by a high intake of vegetables (NO and polyphenol sources), whole grains, some low-fat dairy products, and low intake of red meat, sugar, and trans-hydrogenated fats. Lacto-ovo vegetarian diet are also per se associated to a significant improvement in blood pressure levels. Moreover, these diets are particularly effective when associated with a significant weight loss. Furthermore, blood pressure can also be lowered by some nutraceuticals (beetroot, magnesium, vitamin C, catechin-rich beverages, lycopene, etc). The aim of this narrative review is to critically resume the most recent evidence supporting a complete approach to dietary counseling for hypertension prevention and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arrigo F G Cicero
- Hypertension and Cardiovascular Risk Research Center, Medical and Surgical Sciences Department, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy. .,IRCCS AOU S. Orsola-Malpighi, Bologna, Italy. .,Hypertension and Cardiovascular Risk Research Group, Medical and Surgical Sciences Department, Sant'Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, U.O. Medicina Interna Borghi, Via Albertoni, 15, 40138, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Maddalena Veronesi
- Hypertension and Cardiovascular Risk Research Center, Medical and Surgical Sciences Department, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,IRCCS AOU S. Orsola-Malpighi, Bologna, Italy
| | - Federica Fogacci
- Hypertension and Cardiovascular Risk Research Center, Medical and Surgical Sciences Department, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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Grassi D, Necozione S, Desideri G, Abballe S, Mai F, De Feo M, Carducci A, Ferri C. Acute and Long Term Effects of a Nutraceutical Combination on Lipid Profile, Glucose Metabolism and Vascular Function in Patients with Dyslipidaemia with and Without Cigarette Smoking. High Blood Press Cardiovasc Prev 2021; 28:483-491. [PMID: 34519016 PMCID: PMC8484132 DOI: 10.1007/s40292-021-00468-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Lifestyle changes present a fundamental role in cardiovascular prevention. Nutraceuticals also supplementing diet could help in controlling the cardiometabolic risk. Aim (1) to evaluate acute effects of a combination of nutraceuticals (cNUT) on vascular function, BP, metabolism in dyslipidaemic patients before and after smoking; (2) to evaluate 12 weeks effects of the cNUT on lipid profile, insulin resistance and vascular function in patients with hypercholesterolemia not on statins. Methods After 14 d run-in period, 33 patients assumed a cNUT [patented formula containing: berberine (531.25 mg), red yeast rice powder (220 mg, 3.3 mg monacolin K) and leaf extract of Morus alba (200 mg) (LopiGLIK®, Akademy Pharma)]. To evaluate acute effects, cNUT or cNUT + smoking (in smoking subjects) on the morning of the first day of the study and then 26 patients prolonged 12 weeks effects. Results In non smokers, cNUT improved FMD (p = 0.041 for treatment). In smokers, FMD decreased after smoking, this was counteracted by intake of cNUT. In smokers, DBP increased after smoking a cigarette (p = 0.042 for treatment), counteracted by the cNUT intake. In non smokers, thermogenesis was increased after cNUT administration (p < 0.0001 for treatment). After 12 weeks of cNUT, FMD significantly increased (p < 0.05) and SBP (p = 0.04), total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol (p = 0.03) decreased. Conclusions Our study suggests benefits of cNUT on cardiovascular prevention in hypercolesterolemic patients, non statin treated, that goes beyond the cholesterol and insulin resistance reduction protecting the subject from negative effects induced by smoking too.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Grassi
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Viale S Salvatore, Delta 6 Medicina, 67100, L'Aquila, Coppito, Italy.
| | - Stefano Necozione
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Viale S Salvatore, Delta 6 Medicina, 67100, L'Aquila, Coppito, Italy
| | - Giovambattista Desideri
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Viale S Salvatore, Delta 6 Medicina, 67100, L'Aquila, Coppito, Italy
| | - Stefano Abballe
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Viale S Salvatore, Delta 6 Medicina, 67100, L'Aquila, Coppito, Italy
| | - Francesca Mai
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Viale S Salvatore, Delta 6 Medicina, 67100, L'Aquila, Coppito, Italy
| | - Martina De Feo
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Viale S Salvatore, Delta 6 Medicina, 67100, L'Aquila, Coppito, Italy
| | - Augusto Carducci
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Viale S Salvatore, Delta 6 Medicina, 67100, L'Aquila, Coppito, Italy
| | - Claudio Ferri
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Viale S Salvatore, Delta 6 Medicina, 67100, L'Aquila, Coppito, Italy
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Nutraceuticals and blood pressure control: a European Society of Hypertension position document. J Hypertens 2021; 38:799-812. [PMID: 31977574 DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0000000000002353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
: High-normal blood pressure (BP) is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, however the cost-benefit ratio of the use of antihypertensive treatment in these patients is not yet clear. Some dietary components and natural products seems to be able to significantly lower BP without significant side effects. The aim of this position document is to highlight which of these products have the most clinically significant antihypertensive action and wheter they could be suggested to patients with high-normal BP. Among foods, beetroot juice has the most covincing evidence of antihypertensive effect. Antioxidant-rich beverages (teas, coffee) could be considered. Among nutrients, magnesium, potassium and vitamin C supplements could improve BP. Among nonnutrient-nutraceuticals, soy isoflavones could be suggested in perimenopausal women, resveratrol in insulin-resistant patients, melatonin in study participants with night hypertension. In any case, the nutracutical approach has never to substitute the drug treatment, when needed.
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Venkatakrishnan K, Chiu HF, Wang CK. Impact of functional foods and nutraceuticals on high blood pressure with a special focus on meta-analysis: review from a public health perspective. Food Funct 2021; 11:2792-2804. [PMID: 32248209 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo00357c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In recent times many researchers are expressing immense interest in nutraceuticals and functional foods for combating various diseases or abnormal conditions, especially against hypertension (HT). Persistent HT is medically referred to as chronic high blood pressure (BP) and considered to be one of the major risk factors for the deadliest diseases including cardiovascular disease (CVD) and cerebrovascular diseases. Hence HT poses a serious socio-economic burden worldwide, particularly to developing countries. The current treatment strategy for HT includes standard anti-hypertensive drugs, which are associated with many adverse effects and lower drug adherence rates. Therefore, an alternative or complementary natural therapy (functional foods or nutraceuticals or dietary supplements) would be the alternate choice along with a modified lifestyle pattern that might help to manage or combat HT and its related complications. During this review, the author would like to shed light on the basic science behind HT including pathophysiology and the impact of dietary salt on HT and the impact of various functional foods or nutraceuticals against HT in humans (meta-analysis and systemic review). This contribution gives a better idea (public health perspective) for choosing the best functional foods/nutraceuticals for the prevention, management or delaying the onset of HT and its associated conditions along with modified lifestyle patterns and standard anti-hypertensive drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamesh Venkatakrishnan
- School of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University, 110, Sec. 1, Jianguo North Road, Taichung City-40201, Taiwan, Republic of China.
| | - Hui-Fang Chiu
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Taichung Hospital Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taichung-40301, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Chin-Kun Wang
- School of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University, 110, Sec. 1, Jianguo North Road, Taichung City-40201, Taiwan, Republic of China.
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19
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Chiu HF, Venkatakrishnan K, Golovinskaia O, Wang CK. Impact of Micronutrients on Hypertension: Evidence from Clinical Trials with a Special Focus on Meta-Analysis. Nutrients 2021; 13:588. [PMID: 33578935 PMCID: PMC7916651 DOI: 10.3390/nu13020588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypertension (HT) is one of the pivotal risk factors for various detrimental diseases like cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), cerebrovascular disease, and renal dysfunction. Currently, many researchers are paying immense attention to various diet formula (dietary approach) with a special focus on micro and macronutrients along with modified lifestyle and standard anti-hypertensive drugs. Micronutrients (minerals/vitamins) play a central role in the regulation of blood pressure (BP) as they aid the function of macronutrients and also improve the anti-hypertensive functions of some anti-hypertensive agents. Even though several studies have demonstrated the beneficial effects of micronutrients on controlling BP, still some ambiguity exists among the nutritionists/doctors, which combination or individual mineral (dietary approach) contributes to better BP regulation. Therefore, this critical review article was attempted to delineate the underlying role of micronutrients (minerals and vitamins) for the management and prevention or delaying of HT and their related complications with strong affirmation from clinical trials as well as its mechanism of controlling BP. Moreover, the major source and recommended daily allowance (RDA) of various micronutrients are included in this review for guiding common readers (especially HT subjects) and dieticians to choose/recommend a better micronutrient and their combinations (other nutrients and standard anti-hypertensive drugs) for lowering the risk of HT and its related co-morbid conditions like CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Fang Chiu
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Taichung Hospital Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taichung 40301, Taiwan;
| | - Kamesh Venkatakrishnan
- School of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University, 110, Sec. 1, Jianguo North Road, Taichung 40201, Taiwan;
| | | | - Chin-Kun Wang
- School of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University, 110, Sec. 1, Jianguo North Road, Taichung 40201, Taiwan;
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O'Gallagher K, Borg Cardona S, Hill C, Al-Saedi A, Shahed F, Floyd CN, McNeill K, Mills CE, Webb AJ. Grapefruit juice enhances the systolic blood pressure-lowering effects of dietary nitrate-containing beetroot juice. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2021; 87:577-587. [PMID: 32520418 DOI: 10.1111/bcp.14420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Dietary nitrate from sources such as beetroot juice lowers blood pressure (BP) via the nitrate-nitrite-nitric oxide (NO) pathway. However, NO and nitrite are inactivated via reoxidation to nitrate, potentially limiting their activity. Cytochrome P450-3A4 inhibition with troleandomycin prevents nitrite re-oxidation to nitrate in rodent liver. Grapefruit juice contains the CYP3A4 inhibitor furanocoumarin. We therefore hypothesized that grapefruit juice would enhance BP-lowering with beetroot juice by maintaining circulating [nitrite]. METHODS We performed a randomized, placebo-controlled, 7-hour crossover study in 11 healthy volunteers, attending on 3 occasions, receiving: a 70-mL shot of active beetroot juice (Beet-It) and either (i) 250 mL grapefruit juice (Active Beet+GFJ), or (ii) 250 mL water (Buxton, Active Beet+H2 O); or (iii) Placebo Beet+GFJ. RESULTS The addition of grapefruit juice to active beetroot juice lowered systolic BP (SBP): Active Beet+GFJ vs Active Beet+H2 O (P = .02), and pulse pressure, PP (P = .0003). Peak mean differences in SBP and PP were seen at T = 5 hours: -3.3 mmHg (95% confidence interval [CI] -6.43 to -0.15) and at T = 2.5 hours: -4.2 mmHg (95% CI -0.3 to -8.2), respectively. Contrary to the hypothesis, plasma [nitrite] was lower with Active Beet+GFJ vs Active Beet+H2 O (P = .006), as was salivary nitrite production (P = .002) and saliva volume (-0.34 mL/min [95% CI -0.05 to -0.68]). The taste score of Beet+GFJ was 1.4/10 points higher than Beet+H2 O (P = .03). CONCLUSION Grapefruit juice enhanced beetroot juice's effect on lowering SBP and PP despite decreasing plasma [nitrite]. Besides suggesting more complex mechanisms, there is potential for maximising the clinical benefit of dietary nitrate and targeting isolated systolic hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin O'Gallagher
- School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, London, UK
- Biomedical Research Centre, Clinical Research Facility, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Sarah Borg Cardona
- School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, London, UK
| | - Callum Hill
- School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, London, UK
| | - Ali Al-Saedi
- School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, London, UK
| | - Fawzia Shahed
- School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, London, UK
| | - Christopher N Floyd
- School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, London, UK
- Biomedical Research Centre, Clinical Research Facility, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Karen McNeill
- School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, London, UK
| | - Charlotte E Mills
- Biomedical Research Centre, Clinical Research Facility, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Life Course Sciences, King's College London, UK
- Current institution: Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, England, UK
| | - Andrew J Webb
- School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, London, UK
- Biomedical Research Centre, Clinical Research Facility, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
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Ren J, An J, Chen M, Yang H, Ma Y. Effect of proanthocyanidins on blood pressure: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Pharmacol Res 2021; 165:105329. [PMID: 33465473 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.105329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 10/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypertension is a common chronic disease that can lead to serious health problems. Previous studies have not drawn a consistent conclusion about the effect of proanthocyanidins (PCs) on blood pressure (BP). This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to evaluate the effect of PCs supplementation on blood pressure (BP). METHODS A comprehensive literature search was performed in 6 databases (Pubmed, Scopus, ISI Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, Embase and Google Scholar) to identify the randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that evaluated the BP-lowering effect of PCs. Subgroup and sensitivity analyses were conducted to evaluate the potential heterogeneity. Meta-regression analysis was used to evaluate dose effects of PCs on BP. RESULTS A total of 6 studies comprising 376 subjects were included in our meta-analysis to estimate the pooled effect size. This meta-analysis suggested that PCs supplementation could significantly reduce systolic blood pressure (SBP) (WMD: -4.598 mmHg; 95 % CI: -8.037, -1.159; I2 = 33.7 %; p = 0.009), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (WMD: -2.750 mmHg; 95 % CI: -5.087, -0.412; I2 = 0.0 %; p = 0.021) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) (WMD: -3.366 mmHg; 95 % CI: -6.719, -0.041 mmHg; I2 = 0.0 %; p = 0.049), but had no significant effect on pulse pressure (PP) (WMD: -2.131 mmHg; 95 % CI: -6.292, 2.030; I2 = 0.0 %; p = 0.315). When the studies were stratified according to the duration of the study, there was a significant reduction on SBP in the subset of the trials with <12 weeks of duration. On the contrary, there was a significant reduction on DBP in the subset of the trials with ≥12 weeks of duration. The Subgroup analysis by BMI indicated that a significant reduction on SBP for people with a higher BMI (BMI ≥ 25) and a significant reduction on DBP for people with a lower BMI (BMI < 25). Additional subgroup analysis revealed low-dose-PCs (<245 mg/day) could significantly reduce SBP, DBP and MAP. The meta-regression analyses did not indicate the dose effects of PCs on SBP, DBP, PP and MAP. CONCLUSION Based on the current findings, PCs supplementation may be a useful treatment of hypertensive patients as well as a preventive measure in the prehypertensive and healthy subjects. However, further investigation is needed to confirm these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyi Ren
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jiaqi An
- Undergraduate of College of Basic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Mengyuan Chen
- Undergraduate of College of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Haiyue Yang
- Undergraduate of College of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yuxia Ma
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Shijiazhuang, China.
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Tognola C, Alessandro M, Milani M, Cartella I, Tavecchia G, Grasso E, Sun J, Giannattasio C. Nutraceuticals in Chronic Coronary Syndromes: Preclinical Data and Translational Experiences. High Blood Press Cardiovasc Prev 2021; 28:13-25. [PMID: 33125662 PMCID: PMC7864844 DOI: 10.1007/s40292-020-00416-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-pharmacological treatments have always been considered important in the management of Chronic Coronary Syndromes. Nutraceuticals ("Nutrition" + "Pharmaceutical") could fall both under the definition of non-pharmacological treatment and pharmacological one or, probably more correctly, in the middle of these two kinds of therapies. However, the word "nutraceuticals" never appears in the latest guidelines on this issue. This is probably determined by the fact that evidences on this topic are scarce and most of the published articles are based on preclinical data while translational experiences are available only for some molecules. In this review we will focus on nutraceutical strategies that act on the ischemic myocardium itself and not only on the cardiovascular risk factors. As demonstrated by the important number of papers published in recent years, this is an evolving topic and evaluated substances principally act on two mechanisms (cardiac energetics and ischemia-reperfusion damage) that will be also reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Tognola
- Cardiologia IV, Dipartimento A. De Gasperis, Ospedale Niguarda Ca' Granda, Piazza Ospedale Maggiore 3, 20159, Milan, Italy
- School of Medicine and Surgery, Milano-Bicocca University, Milan, Italy
| | - Maloberti Alessandro
- Cardiologia IV, Dipartimento A. De Gasperis, Ospedale Niguarda Ca' Granda, Piazza Ospedale Maggiore 3, 20159, Milan, Italy.
- School of Medicine and Surgery, Milano-Bicocca University, Milan, Italy.
| | - Martina Milani
- Cardiologia IV, Dipartimento A. De Gasperis, Ospedale Niguarda Ca' Granda, Piazza Ospedale Maggiore 3, 20159, Milan, Italy
- School of Medicine and Surgery, Milano-Bicocca University, Milan, Italy
| | - Iside Cartella
- Cardiologia IV, Dipartimento A. De Gasperis, Ospedale Niguarda Ca' Granda, Piazza Ospedale Maggiore 3, 20159, Milan, Italy
- School of Medicine and Surgery, Milano-Bicocca University, Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanni Tavecchia
- Cardiologia IV, Dipartimento A. De Gasperis, Ospedale Niguarda Ca' Granda, Piazza Ospedale Maggiore 3, 20159, Milan, Italy
- School of Medicine and Surgery, Milano-Bicocca University, Milan, Italy
| | - Enzo Grasso
- Cardiologia IV, Dipartimento A. De Gasperis, Ospedale Niguarda Ca' Granda, Piazza Ospedale Maggiore 3, 20159, Milan, Italy
- School of Medicine and Surgery, Milano-Bicocca University, Milan, Italy
| | - Jinwey Sun
- Cardiologia IV, Dipartimento A. De Gasperis, Ospedale Niguarda Ca' Granda, Piazza Ospedale Maggiore 3, 20159, Milan, Italy
- School of Medicine and Surgery, Milano-Bicocca University, Milan, Italy
| | - Cristina Giannattasio
- Cardiologia IV, Dipartimento A. De Gasperis, Ospedale Niguarda Ca' Granda, Piazza Ospedale Maggiore 3, 20159, Milan, Italy
- School of Medicine and Surgery, Milano-Bicocca University, Milan, Italy
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Del Pinto R, Pietropaoli D, Monaco A, Desideri G, Ferri C, Grassi D. Non-pharmacological Strategies Against Systemic Inflammation: Molecular Basis and Clinical Evidence. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 26:2620-2629. [PMID: 32242777 DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666200403122600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Systemic inflammation is a common denominator to a variety of cardiovascular (CV) and non-CV diseases and relative risk factors, including hypertension and its control, metabolic diseases, rheumatic disorders, and those affecting the gastrointestinal tract. Besides medications, a non-pharmacological approach encompassing lifestyle changes and other complementary measures is mentioned in several updated guidelines on the management of these conditions. We performed an updated narrative review on the mechanisms behind the systemic impact of inflammation and the role of non-pharmacological, complementary measures centered on lowering systemic phlogosis for preserving or restoring a good global health. The central role of genetics in shaping the immune response is discussed in conjunction with that of the microbiome, highlighting the interdependence and mutual influences between the human genome and microbial integrity, diversity, and functions. Several plausible strategies to modulate inflammation and restore balanced crosstalk between the human genome and the microbiome are then recapitulated, including dietary measures, active lifestyle, and other potential approaches to manipulate the resident microbial community. To date, evidence from high-quality human studies is sparse to allow the unconditioned inclusion of understudied, though plausible solutions against inflammation into public health strategies for global wellness. This gap claims further focused, well-designed research targeted at unravelling the mechanisms behind future personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Del Pinto
- University of L'Aquila, Department of Life, Health, and Environmental Sciences, San Salvatore Hospital, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Davide Pietropaoli
- University of L'Aquila, Department of Life, Health, and Environmental Sciences, San Salvatore Hospital, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Annalisa Monaco
- University of L'Aquila, Department of Life, Health, and Environmental Sciences, San Salvatore Hospital, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Giovambattista Desideri
- University of L'Aquila, Department of Life, Health, and Environmental Sciences, San Salvatore Hospital, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Claudio Ferri
- University of L'Aquila, Department of Life, Health, and Environmental Sciences, San Salvatore Hospital, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Davide Grassi
- University of L'Aquila, Department of Life, Health, and Environmental Sciences, San Salvatore Hospital, L'Aquila, Italy
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Tocci G, Presta V, Citoni B, Figliuzzi I, Bianchi F, Ferrucci A, Volpe M. Blood Pressure Target Achievement Under Monotheraphy: A Real-Life Appraisal. High Blood Press Cardiovasc Prev 2020; 27:587-596. [PMID: 33165768 PMCID: PMC7661417 DOI: 10.1007/s40292-020-00420-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Despite hypertension guidelines suggest that the most effective treatment strategy to improve blood pressure (BP) target achievement is to implement the use of combination treatment, monotherapy is still widely used in the clinical practice of hypertension. AIM To investigate BP control under monotherapy in the setting of real-life. METHODS We extracted data from a medical database of adult outpatients who were referred to the Hypertension Unit, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome (IT), including anthropometric data, CV risk factors and comorbidities, presence or absence of antihypertensive therapy and concomitant medications. Among treated hypertensive patients, we identified only those under single antihypertensive agent (monotherapy). Office BP treatment targets were defined according to 2018 ESC/ESH guidelines as: (a) < 130/80 mmHg in individuals aged 18-65 years; (b) < 140/80 mmHg in those aged > 65 years. RESULTS From an overall sample of 7797 records we selected 1578 (20.2%) hypertensive outpatients (47.3% female, age 59.5 ± 13.6 years, BMI 26.6 ± 4.4 kg/m2) treated with monotherapies, among whom 30.5% received ACE inhibitors, 37.7% ARBs, 15.8% beta-blockers, 10.6% CCBs, 3.0% diuretics, and 2.0% alpha-blockers. 36.6% of these patients reached the conventional clinic BP goal of < 140/90 mmHg, whilst the 2018 European guidelines BP treatment targets were fulfilled only in 14.0%. In particular, 10.2% patients aged 18-65 years and 20.4% of those aged > 65 years achieved the recommended BP goals. All these proportions results significantly lower than those achieved with dual (18.2%) or triple (22.2%) combination therapy, though higher than those obtained with life-style changes (10.8%). Proportions of patients on monotherapies with normal home and 24-h BP levels were 22.0% and 30.2%, respectively, though only 5.2% and 7.3% of these patients achieved sustained BP control, respectively. Ageing and dyslipidaemia showed significant and independent positive predictive value for the achievement of the recommended BP treatment targets, whereas European SCORE resulted a negative and independent predictor in outpatients treated with monotherapies. CONCLUSIONS Our data showed a persistent use of monotherapy in the clinical practice, though with unsatisfactory BP control, especially in light of the BP treatment targets suggested by the last hypertension guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuliano Tocci
- Hypertension Unit, Division of Cardiology, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome Sapienza, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy. .,IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, IS, Italy.
| | - Vivianne Presta
- Hypertension Unit, Division of Cardiology, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome Sapienza, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Barbara Citoni
- Hypertension Unit, Division of Cardiology, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome Sapienza, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Ilaria Figliuzzi
- Hypertension Unit, Division of Cardiology, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome Sapienza, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Andrea Ferrucci
- Hypertension Unit, Division of Cardiology, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome Sapienza, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Massimo Volpe
- Hypertension Unit, Division of Cardiology, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome Sapienza, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy.,IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, IS, Italy
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Usefulness of resveratrol supplementation in decreasing cardiometabolic risk factors comparing subjects with metabolic syndrome and healthy subjects with or without obesity: meta-analysis using multinational, randomised, controlled trials. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 5:e98-e111. [PMID: 32529112 PMCID: PMC7277462 DOI: 10.5114/amsad.2020.95884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Resveratrol (RES), a natural polyphenolic compound, has been linked to some beneficial effects against cardiovascular disease (CVD). Material and methods We conducted a systematic search to conduct a meta-analysis on cardiometabolic risk factors modulated by RES targeting patients with metabolic syndrome (Met-S) and Obese/Healthy (O/H) subjects. The PICO (Patient, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome) research question was: Does RES among patients with Met-S and O/H subjects reduce the cardiometabolic risk? The first group was affected with MetS, which is defined as a clustering of abdominal obesity, dyslipidaemia, hyperglycaemia, and hypertension in a single individual. The second group was composed of 'obese/healthy' individuals, i.e. healthy subjects with or without obesity. We performed a literature search of MEDLINE/ PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar for randomised, controlled trials (RCT) that estimated the effects of RES on cardiometabolic risk factors. Results We found 780 articles, of which 63 original articles and reviews were identified. Data from 17 well-conducted RCT studies, comprising 651 subjects, were extracted for analysis. Overall, RES had a significant influence on Homeostatic Model Assessment-Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR), resulting in a mean difference of -0.520665 (95% CI: -1.12791; -0.01439; p = 0.00113). In Met-S, RES significantly reduced glucose, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), and total cholesterol (T-Chol) as detected by the mean difference of -1.069 (95% CI: -2.107, -0.032; p = 0.043), -0.924 (95% CI: -1.804, -0.043; p = 0.040), and -1.246 (95% CI: -2.314, -0.178; p = 0.022), respectively. Conclusions Despite some heterogeneity in the populations, RES supplementation seems to improve cardiometabolic health, decreasing some risk factors (HOMA-IR, LDL-C, and T-Chol) associated with CVD.
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The effects of regular consumption of green or black tea beverage on blood pressure in those with elevated blood pressure or hypertension: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Complement Ther Med 2020; 51:102430. [PMID: 32507441 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctim.2020.102430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 05/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE As a popular beverage, there has been much interest in studying the effects of tea intake on hypertension (HTN), a particular risk factor for cardiovascular disorders (CVDs). We have thus aimed to isolate the randomized controlled trials investigating the efficacy of black or green tea as a beverage in subjects with elevated blood pressure (BP), or HTN. METHODS PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and ProQuest dissertations and theses databases were searched from February 1, 1995, up to July 20, 2019, to identify relevant studies. RESULTS The search strategy generated 1119 trials, of which finally five trials fulfilled the criteria for being included in the current study. Three out of 5 articles showed a low risk of bias. According to nine measurements derived from 5 trials on 408 individuals, it was found that regular tea intake resulted in the reduction in SBP (weighted mean difference (WMD): -4.81 mmHg, 95 %CI: -8.40 to -1.58, P = .004) and DBP (WMD:-1.98 mmHg, 95 %CI: -3.77 to -0.20, P = .029); however, excluding the most heterogeneous trials showed that regular tea intake might reduce SBP and DBP by about -3.53 and -0.99 mmHg, respectively. Based on meta-regression findings, we found the longer the duration of tea intake (≥3months), the higher the decrease in both SBP and DBP. Categorized studies, according to the tea type, revealed that the hypotensive effects of green tea were more pronounced compared to black tea. None of the studies reported any side effects. CONCLUSION These results suggest the positive effects of regular tea intake on BP in subjects with elevated BP or HTN. Hence, it may be applicable to physicians, health care providers, and particularly HTN patients.
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Unger T, Borghi C, Charchar F, Khan NA, Poulter NR, Prabhakaran D, Ramirez A, Schlaich M, Stergiou GS, Tomaszewski M, Wainford RD, Williams B, Schutte AE. 2020 International Society of Hypertension Global Hypertension Practice Guidelines. Hypertension 2020; 75:1334-1357. [PMID: 32370572 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.120.15026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1572] [Impact Index Per Article: 393.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Unger
- From the CARIM - School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, the Netherlands (T.U.)
| | - Claudio Borghi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Italy (C.B.)
| | - Fadi Charchar
- Federation University Australia, School of Health and Life Sciences, Ballarat, Australia (F.C.).,University of Melbourne, Department of Physiology, Melbourne, Australia (F.C.).,University of Leicester, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, United Kingdom (F.C.)
| | - Nadia A Khan
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (N.A.K.).,Center for Health Evaluation and Outcomes Sciences, Vancouver, Canada (N.A.K.)
| | - Neil R Poulter
- Imperial Clinical Trials Unit, Imperial College London, United Kingdom (N.R.P.)
| | - Dorairaj Prabhakaran
- Public Health Foundation of India, New Delhi, India (D.P.).,Centre for Chronic Disease Control, New Delhi, India (D.P.).,London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, United Kingdom (D.P.)
| | - Agustin Ramirez
- Hypertension and Metabolic Unit, University Hospital, Favaloro Foundation, Buenos Aires, Argentina (A.R.)
| | - Markus Schlaich
- Dobney Hypertension Centre, School of Medicine, Royal Perth Hospital Unit, University of Western Australia, Perth (M.S.).,Neurovascular Hypertension & Kidney Disease Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (M.N.)
| | - George S Stergiou
- Hypertension Center STRIDE-7, School of Medicine, Third Department of Medicine, Sotiria Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece (G.S.S.)
| | - Maciej Tomaszewski
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Biology and Health, University of Manchester, United Kingdom (M.T.).,Division of Medicine and Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust Manchester, United Kingdom (M.T.)
| | - Richard D Wainford
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Boston University School of Medicine, MA (R.D.W.).,The Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University, MA (R.D.W.).,Department of Health Sciences, Boston University Sargent College, MA (R.D.W.)
| | - Bryan Williams
- University College London, NIHR University College London, Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre, London, United Kingdom (B.W.)
| | - Aletta E Schutte
- Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia (A.E.S.).,The George Institute for Global Health, Sydney, Australia (A.E.S.).,Hypertension in Africa Research Team (A.E.S.), North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa.,South African MRC Unit for Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease (A.E.S.), North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
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Nutraceuticals in Patients With Heart Failure: A Systematic Review. J Card Fail 2020; 26:166-179. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cardfail.2019.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2019] [Revised: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Lewis-Mikhael AM, Davoodvandi A, Jafarnejad S. Effect of Lactobacillusplantarum containing probiotics on blood pressure: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Pharmacol Res 2020; 153:104663. [PMID: 31987993 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.104663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 01/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have recommended that probiotics may have blood pressure (BP)-lowering effects. However, they examined all probiotic strains (multi/single probiotics) simultaneously. In respect to strain specificity properties of probiotic, the aim of the present study was to systematically investigate the role of Lactobacillus plantarum as an anti-hypertensive agent by performing a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library and Google Scholar were used from inception until October 2018 to identify eligible trials. We used random-effects model as the preferable method to assess the combined treatment effect. We further conducted sensitivity analysis and stratified analysis. Seven studies with 653 participants were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled weighted mean difference (WMD) with the random effects model showed a significant effects of Lactobacillus plantarum supplementation on improvement of SBP with no statistically significant heterogeneity (WMD: -1.58 mmHg, 95 % CI: -3.05 to 0.11) (heterogeneity P = 0.14; I² = 36 %). The overall effect in the DBP showed significant pooled estimates (WMD: -0.92 mmHg, 95 % CI: -1.49 to -0.35) with a complete homogeneity between the studies (heterogeneity P = 0.46; I² = 0 %). The findings of the present meta-analysis study support the use of Lactobacillus plantarum supplementation for lowering systolic and diastolic blood pressure. The clinical significance of blood pressure-lowering effect of Lactobacillus Plantarum supplementation is not considerable; however, given the overarching benefits evident and concurrent lack of specific side effects, further trials are warranted to clarify the effects of Lactobacillus Plantarum probiotics particularly for hypertensive patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Mary Lewis-Mikhael
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1 Canada
| | - Amirhossein Davoodvandi
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran; Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Sadegh Jafarnejad
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
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Whey Protein Hydrolysate and Pumpkin Pectin as Nutraceutical and Prebiotic Components in a Functional Mousse with Antihypertensive and Bifidogenic Properties. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11122930. [PMID: 31816861 PMCID: PMC6950020 DOI: 10.3390/nu11122930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Systematical consumption of functional products has a significant positive effect on health and can reduce the risk of diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the possibility of using whey protein hydrolysate (WPH) and pumpkin pectin as ingredients in a functional mousse, to evaluate the mousse’s antioxidant and hypotensive activities in vitro, and to evaluate the effect of the long-term intake of mousse samples on the progression of hypertension in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) and on the microbiome status in Wistar rats with antibiotic-induced dysbiosis. The experimental mousse’s in vitro antioxidant activity (oxygen radical absorbance capacity) increased by 1.2 times. The hypotensive (angiotensin-1-converting enzyme inhibitory) activity increased by 6 times in comparison with a commercial mousse. Moreover, the addition of pectin allowed the elimination of the bitter aftertaste of WPH. In vivo testing confirmed the hypotensive properties of the experimental mousse. The systolic blood pressure in SHRs decreased by 18 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure by 12 mmHg. The experimental mousse also showed a pronounced bifidogenic effect. The Bifidobacterium spp. population increased by 3.7 times in rats orally administered with the experimental mousse. The results of these studies confirm that WPH and pumpkin pectin are prospective ingredients for the development of functional mousses.
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Fogacci F, Tocci G, Cicero AFG. Are we really sure about the pycnogenol antihypertensive effect? Pharmacol Res 2019; 151:104543. [PMID: 31733324 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.104543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Federica Fogacci
- Atherosclerosis and Hypertension Research Group, Medical and Surgical Sciences Department, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giuliano Tocci
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome Sapienza, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy; IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli (IS), Rome, Italy
| | - Arrigo F G Cicero
- Atherosclerosis and Hypertension Research Group, Medical and Surgical Sciences Department, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
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The role of nutraceuticals in prevention and treatment of hypertension: An updated review of the literature. Food Res Int 2019; 128:108749. [PMID: 31955788 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2019.108749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Revised: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Hypertension (HTN) is a worldwide epidemic in both developed and developing countries. It is one of the leading causes of major health problems such as cardiovascular disease, stroke, and heart attack. In recent years, several studies have reported associations between specific dietary ingredients and improving HTN. Nutraceuticals are natural food components with pharmacological properties. Reports suggest that functional foods and nutraceutical ingredients might support patients to obtain the desired therapeutic blood pressure (BP) goals and reduce cardiovascular risks by modulating various risk factors such as oxidative stress, renin-angiotensin system hyperactivity, inflammation, hyperlipidemia, and vascular resistance. We review the recent clinical experiments that have evaluated the biological and pharmacological activities of several types of nutraceuticals, including sour tea, cocoa, common spices, vitamin C, vitamin E, lycopene, flavonoids, coenzyme Q10, milk's tripeptides, calcium, magnesium, polyunsaturated fatty acids, and prebiotics in preventing and treating HTN. This review summarizes recent knowledge about the impact of common nutraceuticals for the regulation of BP.
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Malekahmadi M, Moradi Moghaddam O, Firouzi S, Daryabeygi-Khotbehsara R, Shariful Islam SM, Norouzy A, Soltani S. Effects of pycnogenol on cardiometabolic health: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Pharmacol Res 2019; 150:104472. [PMID: 31585179 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.104472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Revised: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
AIM Clinical trials on the effect of pycnogenol supplementation on cardiometabolic health have been controversial. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to evaluate the potential effect of pycnogenol supplementation on cardiometabolic profile. METHODS PubMed, Scopus, and ISI Web of Science databases were searched until October 2018. RCTs that evaluated the effects of pycnogenol on cardiometabolic parameters were included. DerSimonian and Laird random-effect models were used to compute the weighted mean differences (WMDs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS Twenty-four RCTs including 1594 participants were included in the meta-analysis. Pycnogenol significantly reduced fasting blood glucose (WMD: -5.86 mg/dl; 95% CI: -9.56, -2.15), glycated hemoglobin (WMD = -0.29%, 95%CI: -0.56, -0.01), systolic blood pressure (WMD: -2.54 mmhg; 95% CI: -4.08, -0.99), diastolic blood pressure (WMD: -1.76 mmhg; 95% CI: -3.12, -0.41), body mass index (WMD: -0.47 kg/m2; 95% CI: -0.90, -0.03), LDL cholesterol (WMD: -7.12 mg/dl; 95% CI: -13.66, -0.58) and increased HDL cholesterol (WMD: 3.27 mg/dl; 95% CI: 0.87, 5.66). CONCLUSION This meta-analysis suggests that pycnogenol may have a role in preventing cardiometabolic disease. However, further well-designed RCTs are recommended to evaluate its long-term effects and explore the optimal duration of use and dosage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Malekahmadi
- Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Nutrition Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Omid Moradi Moghaddam
- Trauma and Injury Research Center, Critical Care Department, Rasoul-e-Akram Complex Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Safieh Firouzi
- Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Nutrition Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Reza Daryabeygi-Khotbehsara
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Sheikh Mohammed Shariful Islam
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Abdolreza Norouzy
- Nutrition Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Sepideh Soltani
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran; Yazd Cardiovascular Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
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Akbari M, Tamtaji OR, Lankarani KB, Tabrizi R, Dadgostar E, Kolahdooz F, Jamilian M, Mirzaei H, Asemi Z. The Effects of Resveratrol Supplementation on Endothelial Function and Blood Pressures Among Patients with Metabolic Syndrome and Related Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. High Blood Press Cardiovasc Prev 2019; 26:305-319. [PMID: 31264084 DOI: 10.1007/s40292-019-00324-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION There are current trials investigating the effect of resveratrol supplementation on endothelial function and blood pressures among patients with metabolic syndrome (MetS); however, the findings are controversial. AIM This systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were carried out to summarize the effects of resveratrol supplementation on endothelial activation and blood pressures among patients with MetS and related disorders. METHODS We searched systematically online databases including: PubMed-Medline, Embase, ISI Web of Science and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials until October, 2018. Two independent authors extracted data and assessed the quality of included articles. Data were pooled using the fixed- or random-effects model and considered as standardized mean difference (SMD) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). RESULTS Out of 831 electronic citations, 28 RCTs (with 33 findings reported) were included in the meta-analyses. The findings showed that resveratrol intervention significantly increased flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) levels (SMD 1.77; 95% CI 0.25, 3.29; P = 0.02; I2: 96.5). However, resveratrol supplements did not affect systolic blood pressure (SBP) (SMD - 0.27; 95% CI - 0.57, 0.03; P = 0.07; I2: 88.9) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (SMD - 0.21; 95% CI - 0.52, 0.11; P = 0.19; I2: 89.8). CONCLUSIONS Resveratrol supplementation significantly increased FMD among patients with MetS and related disorders, but did not affect SBP and DBP. Additional prospective studies are needed to investigate the effect of resveratrol supplementation on endothelial function and blood pressures, using higher-dose of resveratrol with longer durations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Akbari
- Student Research Committee, Health Policy Research Center, Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Omid Reza Tamtaji
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Kamran B Lankarani
- Health Policy Research Center, Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Reza Tabrizi
- Student Research Committee, Health Policy Research Center, Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Ehsan Dadgostar
- Halal Research Center of IRI, FDA, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Fariba Kolahdooz
- Indigenous and Global Health Research, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Mehri Jamilian
- Traditional and Complementary Medicine Research Center, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arāk, Islamic Republic of Iran.
| | - Hamed Mirzaei
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Zatollah Asemi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Islamic Republic of Iran.
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Vendrame S, Klimis-Zacas D. Potential Factors Influencing the Effects of Anthocyanins on Blood Pressure Regulation in Humans: A Review. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11061431. [PMID: 31242638 PMCID: PMC6628116 DOI: 10.3390/nu11061431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Dietary intake of anthocyanins (ACNs) is associated with a reduced risk of cardiovascular and coronary heart disease. While the anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and lipid-lowering effects of ACN consumption have been consistently reported, their effect(s) on blood pressure regulation is less consistent and results from human studies are mixed. The objective of this review is attempting to identify potential patterns which may explain the variability in results related to blood pressure. To do so, we review 66 human intervention trials testing the effects on blood pressure of purified ACN or ACN-rich extracts, or whole berries, berry juices, powders, purees and whole phenolic extracts, from berries that are rich in ACN and have ACNs as predominant bioactives. Several factors appear to be involved on the mixed results reported. In particular, the baseline characteristics of the population in terms of blood pressure and total flavonoid intake, the dose and duration of the intervention, the differential effects of individual ACN and their synergistic effects with other phytochemicals, the ACN content and bioavailability from the food matrix, and individual differences in ACN absorption and metabolism related to genotype and microbiota enterotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Vendrame
- School of Food and Agriculture, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA.
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Commentary to “The Possible Role of Nutraceuticals in the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease”. High Blood Press Cardiovasc Prev 2019; 26:259-261. [DOI: 10.1007/s40292-019-00317-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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