1
|
Lee SY, Jao NC, Gaffey AE, Reid BM, Vergara-Lopez C, Bublitz MH, Stroud LR. Female adolescents' early life stress and body mass index: Differential effects of anger and anxiety in response to rejection. J Adolesc 2024; 96:830-840. [PMID: 38402417 DOI: 10.1002/jad.12302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Early life stress is linked to childhood obesity. As children enter adolescence, early life stress may be associated with increased rejection sensitivity, resulting in activation of behavioral and physiological changes that contribute to higher body mass index (BMI). Understanding the potential influence of rejection sensitivity on the association between early life stress and BMI is important to examine in female adolescents. For this secondary data analysis, we hypothesized that female adolescents with greater early life stress and greater rejection sensitivity would exhibit higher BMI-for-age 12 months later. METHODS Seventy-eight adolescents (Mage = 13.1 years; 100% female sex; MBMI = 23.2 kg/m2) in the United States completed study procedures from 2012 to 2016. Among these procedures, the Psychosocial Schedule was used to assess cumulative early life stress and the Children's Rejection Sensitivity Questionnaire was used to assess anger and anxiety in response to rejection. Twelve months later, height and weight were measured to derive BMI-for-age. RESULTS Higher early life stress was associated with higher BMI-for-age among female adolescents with low rejection-provoked anger (1 SD below the mean). However, this association was not observed among female adolescents with high rejection-provoked anger (1 SD above the mean). Finally, there was no significant interaction between early life stress and rejection-provoked anxiety in predicting BMI-for-age. CONCLUSIONS Experiencing early life stress may interact with rejection-provoked anger, but not anxiety, to predict BMI-for-age. Findings inform a developmental perspective of how rejection sensitivity may influence the association between early life stress and early cardiometabolic risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sharon Y Lee
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
- Center for Behavioral and Preventive Medicine, The Miriam Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Nancy C Jao
- Department of Psychology, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Allison E Gaffey
- Department of Internal Medicine (Cardiovascular Medicine), Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
- VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Brie M Reid
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
- Center for Behavioral and Preventive Medicine, The Miriam Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Chrystal Vergara-Lopez
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
- Center for Behavioral and Preventive Medicine, The Miriam Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Margaret H Bublitz
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
- Department of Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
- Women's Medicine Collaborative, The Miriam Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Laura R Stroud
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
- Center for Behavioral and Preventive Medicine, The Miriam Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kim J, Jeong K, Lim S, Lee S, Baek Y. Association of Dietary Protein Sources and Their Adequacy, Body Composition and Risk of Sarcopenic Obesity in South Korean Populations: A Cross-Sectional Study. Metabolites 2024; 14:130. [PMID: 38393022 PMCID: PMC10890361 DOI: 10.3390/metabo14020130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Dietary protein sources and protein adequacy are crucial modulators of muscle quality and body composition. We investigated the association between dietary protein sources (and their adequacy) and body composition and the risk of sarcopenic obesity (SO) in South Korean populations. The participants (n = 1967) were classified into SO, obese, sarcopenia, and normal groups. A cross-sectional survey was conducted using the KS-15 questionnaire, short-form food frequency questionnaire, and anthropometric measurements. The percentage of body fat (male: 35.36 ± 0.51%; female: 44.14 ± 0.36%) was significantly high, while appendicular skeletal muscle (ASM; male: 36.39 ± 0.30%, female: 30.32 ± 0.19%) was low in the SO group. Beef and pork consumption was negatively associated with ASM (%) but positively associated with body fat (%) in the normal group and positively associated with ASM (kg/m2: beta = 0.002, p = 0.02) and BFM (kg: beta = 0.012, p = 0.03) in the SO group, respectively. The highest quintile (Q5: 173.6 g/day) showed a decreased risk of SO prevalence (AORs: 0.46, CI: 0.22-0.94) compared with that in the lowest quintile (Q1: 21.6 g/day) among the people with inadequacy protein intake. Daily poultry and egg intake was positively linked with body composition in the participants with SO, while red meat showed a negative effect on imbalanced body composition in participants in the normal and SO groups. Furthermore, a lower intake of poultry and eggs was strongly associated with SO prevalence in people who consumed inadequate amounts of daily dietary protein.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jieun Kim
- Division of Korean Medicine Data, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoungsik Jeong
- Division of Korean Medicine Data, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Sueun Lim
- Division of Korean Medicine Data, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Siwoo Lee
- Division of Korean Medicine Data, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Younghwa Baek
- Division of Korean Medicine Data, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Hou Y, Xiang J, Wang B, Duan S, Song R, Zhou W, Tan S, He B. Pathogenesis and comprehensive treatment strategies of sarcopenia in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 14:1263650. [PMID: 38260146 PMCID: PMC10801049 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1263650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia and diabetes are two age-related diseases that are common in the elderly population, and have a serious effect on their general health and quality of life. Sarcopenia refers to the progressive loss of muscle mass, strength and function, whereas diabetes is a chronic disease characterized by elevated blood sugar levels. The comorbidity of sarcopenia and diabetes is particularly concerning, as people with diabetes have a higher risk of developing sarcopenia due to the combination of insulin resistance, chronic inflammation and reduced physical activity. In contrast, sarcopenia destroyed blood sugar control and exacerbated the development of people with diabetes, leading to the occurrence of a variety of complications. Fortunately, there are a number of effective treatment strategies for sarcopenia in people with diabetes. Physical exercise and a balanced diet with enough protein and nutrients have been proved to enhance the muscular quality and strength of this population. Additionally, pharmacological therapies and lifestyle changes can optimize blood sugar control, which can prevent further muscle loss and improve overall health outcomes. This review aims to summarize the pathogenesis and comprehensive treatment strategies of sarcopenia in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes, which help healthcare professionals recognize their intimate connection and provide a new vision for the treatment of diabetes and its complications in this population. Through early identification and comprehensive treatment, it is possible to improve the muscle function and general quality of life of elderly with diabetes and sarcopenia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Hou
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of the Research and Development of Novel Pharmaceutical Preparations, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jia Xiang
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Shoufeng Duan
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Rouxuan Song
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Wenhu Zhou
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of the Research and Development of Novel Pharmaceutical Preparations, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Songwen Tan
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of the Research and Development of Novel Pharmaceutical Preparations, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Binsheng He
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of the Research and Development of Novel Pharmaceutical Preparations, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhou Y, Wang X, Guo S, Li R, Li Y, Yu Y, Liu T. Correlation between chronic low-grade inflammation and glucose and lipid metabolism indicators in polycystic ovary syndrome. Gynecol Endocrinol 2024; 40:2302402. [PMID: 38215787 DOI: 10.1080/09513590.2024.2302402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to explore the correlation between inflammatory indicators and blood lipids and to further provide a theoretical basis for the diagnosis and treatment of clinical polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). METHODS Whole-blood cell counts and hormone and blood lipid levels were measured in 110 patients with PCOS and 126 healthy women. The differences in the above levels and the correlation between inflammation and blood lipid levels in the two groups were determined, and classified according to BMI. Differences in inflammatory indices were also analyzed. The independent risk factors for PCOS were analyzed by binary logistic regression. RESULTS The PCOS group had greater BMI and greater body weight than the control group. The inflammatory indicators WBC, neutrophil, lymphocyte, monocyte counts and the NLR were significantly higher than those of the control group. It had higher testosterone (TSTO), triglyceride (TG) and total cholesterol (TC) levels. Correlation analysis showed that leukocyte and neutrophil counts were positively correlated with TSTO and TG levels and negatively correlated with HDL. In the BMI ≥ 24 and BMI < 24 groups, WBC was higher in PCOS patients than in healthy controls. Logistic regression showed that TSTO, TG and FSH were independent risk factors for PCOS. CONCLUSION Inflammatory markers are correlated with blood lipids in PCOS. During the treatment of PCOS, blood lipids and serum inflammatory factors should be monitored.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
| | - Xia Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
| | - Siqi Guo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
| | - Ruiying Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
| | - Ye Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
| | - Ying Yu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
| | - Ting Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Chaudhary R, Prasad A, Agarwal V, Rehman M, Kumar A, Kaushik AS, Srivastava S, Srivastava S, Mishra V. Chronic stress predisposes to the aggravation of inflammation in autoimmune diseases with focus on rheumatoid arthritis and psoriasis. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 125:111046. [PMID: 37879231 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.111046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
The global incidence of autoimmune diseases is on the rise, and many healthcare professionals believe that chronic stress plays a prominent role in both the aggravation and remission of these conditions. It is believed that prolonged exposure to stress is associated with neuroimmune axis malfunction, which eventually dysregulates multiple immunological factors as well as deregulates autoimmune responses that play a central role in various autoimmune diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis and psoriasis. Herein, we performed validation of an 8-week long rat model of chronic unpredictable stress (CUS) which consisted of exposing groups of rats to random stressors daily for 8 weeks. Additionally, we developed a novel rat model combining 8-week long random stressor-induced CUS with CIA-triggered arthritis and IMQ-triggered psoriasis and have successfully used both these models to assess the role of chronic stress in the aggravation of arthritis and psoriasis, respectively. Notably, the 8-week CUS protocol extensively aggravated and prolonged both arthritis and psoriasis condition in the rat model by upregulating the release of different pro-inflammatory cytokines, dysregulation of immune cell responses and oxidative stress system, which were all related to severe inflammation. Further, CUS aggravated macroscopic features and the increase in destruction of joint tissue and epidermal thickness induced by CIA and IMQ, respectively, in rats. In conclusion, this study suggests that exposure to an 8-week long CUS paradigm aggravates the distinctive characteristics of rheumatoid arthritis and psoriasis in rats via amplifying the inflammatory circuits and immune cell responses linked to these autoimmune diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rishabh Chaudhary
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Vidya Vihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226025, U.P., India
| | - Ajay Prasad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Vidya Vihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226025, U.P., India
| | - Vipul Agarwal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Vidya Vihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226025, U.P., India
| | - Mujeeba Rehman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Vidya Vihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226025, U.P., India
| | - Anand Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Vidya Vihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226025, U.P., India
| | - Arjun Singh Kaushik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Vidya Vihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226025, U.P., India
| | - Siddhi Srivastava
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Vidya Vihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226025, U.P., India
| | - Sukriti Srivastava
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Vidya Vihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226025, U.P., India
| | - Vikas Mishra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Vidya Vihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226025, U.P., India.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Azuara-Alvarez LE, Díaz-Muñoz M, Báez Ruiz A, Saderi N, Ramírez-Plascencia OD, Cárdenas-Romero S, Flores-Sandoval O, Salgado-Delgado R. Visceral fat sympathectomy ameliorates systemic and local stress response related to chronic sleep restriction. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2023; 248:2381-2392. [PMID: 38143435 PMCID: PMC10903249 DOI: 10.1177/15353702231214267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Disturbance of sleep homeostasis encompasses health issues, including metabolic disorders like obesity, diabetes, and augmented stress vulnerability. Sleep and stress interact bidirectionally to influence the central nervous system and metabolism. Murine models demonstrate that decreased sleep time is associated with an increased systemic stress response, characterized by endocrinal imbalance, including the elevated activity of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, augmented insulin, and reduced adiponectin, affecting peripheral organs physiology, mainly the white adipose tissue (WAT). Within peripheral organs, a local stress response can also be activated by promoting the formation of corticosterone. This local amplifying glucocorticoid signaling is favored through the activation of the enzyme 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11β-HSD1). In WAT, 11β-HSD1 activity is upregulated by the sympathetic nervous system, suggesting a link between sleep loss, augmented stress response, and a potential WAT metabolic disturbance. To gain more understanding about this relationship, metabolic and stress responses of WAT-sympathectomized rats were analyzed to identify the contribution of the autonomic nervous system to stress response-related metabolic disorders during chronic sleep restriction. Male Wistar rats under sleep restriction were allowed just 6 h of daily sleep over eight weeks. Results showed that rats under sleep restriction presented higher serum corticosterone, increased adipose tissue 11β-HSD1 activity, weight loss, decreased visceral fat, augmented adiponectin, lower leptin levels, glucose tolerance impairment, and mildly decreased daily body temperature. In contrast, sympathectomized rats under sleep restriction exhibited decreased stress response (lower serum corticosterone and 11β-HSD1 activity). In addition, they maintained weight loss, explained by a reduced visceral fat pad, leptin, and adiponectin, improved glucose management, and persisting decline in body temperature. These results suggest autonomic nervous system is partially responsible for the WAT-exacerbated stress response and its metabolic and physiological disturbances.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucia E Azuara-Alvarez
- Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí 78295, México
| | - Mauricio Díaz-Muñoz
- Departamento de Neurobiología Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Campus Juriquilla, Querétaro 76230, México
| | - Adrián Báez Ruiz
- Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí 78295, México
| | - Nadia Saderi
- Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí 78295, México
| | - Oscar Daniel Ramírez-Plascencia
- Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí 78295, México
- Neurology department, Beth Israel Deacones Medical Center/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Skarleth Cárdenas-Romero
- Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí 78295, México
- Neurology department, Beth Israel Deacones Medical Center/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Omar Flores-Sandoval
- Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí 78295, México
| | - Roberto Salgado-Delgado
- Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí 78295, México
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Chen X, Wang M, Yu K, Xu S, Qiu P, Lyu Z, Zhang X, Xu Y. Chronic stress-induced immune dysregulation in breast cancer: Implications of psychosocial factors. J Transl Int Med 2023; 11:226-233. [PMID: 37662890 PMCID: PMC10474889 DOI: 10.2478/jtim-2021-0050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic stress refers to continuous emotional changes and psychological pressure that individuals experience when they are unable to adjust and stabilize the internal environment over an extended period. It can increase the pressure on endocrine mediators and cytokines in the circulation, as well as tissues throughout the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenaline (HPA) axis and sympathetic nervous system (SNS); thus, evolving the internal environment of the tumor. This review assesses several key issues, involving psychosocial factors, and integrates clinical, cellular, and molecular studies-as well as the latest research progress-to provide a mechanistic understanding regarding breast oncopsychology. We propose that chronic stress contributes to large individual diferences in the prognosis of breast cancer survivors because they change the basic physiological processes of the endocrine and immune systems, which in turn regulate tumor growth. The study of psychological and physiological reactions of breast cancer patients suggests a new idea for psychological intervention and clinical treatment for breast cancer patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiuyun Chen
- Department of Breast Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang110001, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Mozhi Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang110001, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Keda Yu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dong-An Road, Shanghai200032, China
| | - Shouping Xu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin150081, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Pengfei Qiu
- Breast Cancer Center, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Jinan250117, Shandong Province, China
| | - Zhidong Lyu
- Breast Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao266005, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xinwen Zhang
- Center of Implant Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Shenyang110122, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Yingying Xu
- Department of Breast Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang110001, Liaoning Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Ramai D, Heaton J, Ofosu A, Gkolfakis P, Chandan S, Tringali A, Barakat MT, Hassan C, Repici A, Facciorusso A. Influence of Frailty in Patients Undergoing Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography for Biliary Stone Disease: A Nationwide Study. Dig Dis Sci 2023; 68:3605-3613. [PMID: 37368202 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-023-08013-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Pancreaticobiliary diseases are common in the elderly. To this end, frailty represents a state of vulnerability that should be considered when assessing the risks and benefits of therapeutic endoscopic procedures. We aim to determine the rate of readmissions and clinical outcomes using the validated Hospital Frailty Risk Score in patients undergoing endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). METHODS Using the National Readmissions Database, we identified patients with an admission diagnosis of cholangitis with obstructive stone from 2016 to 2019. Patients were determined to be of low frailty risk with a score of < 5, while patients of medium to high frailty risk had a score of > 5. RESULTS During the study period, 5751 patients were identified with acute cholangitis with obstructing stone. Mean age of index admissions was 69.4 years and 51.8% were female. From the total cohort, 5119 (89.2%) patients underwent therapeutic ERCP, 38.0% (n = 1947) of whom were regarded as frail (risk score > 5). Following ERCP, frail patients had a less but statistically insignificant readmission rate compared to non-frail patients (2.76% vs 4.05%, p = 0.450). However, compared to non-frail patients, frail patients experienced higher post-ERCP complications (6.20% vs 14.63%, p < 0.001). Frail patients were more likely to have longer lengths of stay, higher hospital cost, and mortality risk. CONCLUSION ERCP is not a risk factor for readmission among frail patients. However, frail patients are at higher risk for procedure-related complications, healthcare utilization, and mortality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daryl Ramai
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Utah Health, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
| | - Joseph Heaton
- Department of Medicine, Jersey Shore University Medical Center, Neptune City, NJ, USA
| | - Andrew Ofosu
- Division of Digestive Diseases, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Paraskevas Gkolfakis
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatopancreatology, and Digestive Oncology, CUB Erasme Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Saurabh Chandan
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, CHI Health Creighton University Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | | | - Monique T Barakat
- Division of Gastroenterology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Cesare Hassan
- Endoscopic Unit, Department of Gastroenterology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Repici
- Endoscopic Unit, Department of Gastroenterology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | - Antonio Facciorusso
- Section of Gastroenterology, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71122, Foggia, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Batóg G, Dołoto A, Bąk E, Piątkowska-Chmiel I, Krawiec P, Pac-Kożuchowska E, Herbet M. The interplay of oxidative stress and immune dysfunction in Hashimoto's thyroiditis and polycystic ovary syndrome: a comprehensive review. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1211231. [PMID: 37588599 PMCID: PMC10426741 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1211231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, there has been a significant increase in the concomitant incidence of Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), both in terms of incidence, etiology, and clinical consequences. PCOS patients suffering from autoimmune thyroid diseases show insulin resistance, impaired glucose tolerance, weight gain, and metabolic and reproductive complications. Studies have shown that chronic stress and its consequence, i.e. oxidative stress, play an important role in the pathomechanism of both disorders. It has also been shown that long-term exposure to stress triggers biological mechanisms, in particular related to the regulation of the inflammatory cascade, which plays a key role in autoimmune diseases. The paper is a review of the literature on the role of chronic stress, oxidative stress, and immune processes in the pathogenesis of HT and PCOS. In addition, the review is a source of knowledge about the treatment of these diseases, and in particular the use of antioxidants in therapeutic management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Batóg
- Chair and Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Anna Dołoto
- Chair and Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Ewelina Bąk
- Chair and Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Iwona Piątkowska-Chmiel
- Chair and Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Paulina Krawiec
- Department of Paediatrics and Gastroenterology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | | | - Mariola Herbet
- Chair and Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Steffey MA, Griffon DJ, Risselada M, Buote NJ, Scharf VF, Zamprogno H, Winter AL. A narrative review of the physiology and health effects of burnout associated with veterinarian-pertinent occupational stressors. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1184525. [PMID: 37465277 PMCID: PMC10351608 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1184525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic workplace stress and burnout are serious problems in veterinary medicine. Although not classified as a medical condition, burnout can affect sleep patterns and contributes to chronic low grade systemic inflammation, autonomic imbalance, hormonal imbalances and immunodeficiencies, thereby increasing the risks of physical and psychological ill health in affected individuals. Cultural misconceptions in the profession often lead to perceptions of burnout as a personal failure, ideas that healthcare professionals are somehow at lower risk for suffering, and beliefs that affected individuals can or should somehow heal themselves. However, these concepts are antiquated, harmful and incorrect, preventing the design of appropriate solutions for this serious and growing challenge to the veterinary profession. Veterinarians must first correctly identify the nature of the problem and understand its causes and impacts before rational solutions can be implemented. In this first part of two companion reviews, burnout will be defined, pathophysiology discussed, and healthcare and veterinary-relevant occupational stressors that lead to burnout identified.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michele A. Steffey
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Dominique J. Griffon
- Western University of Health Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Pomona, CA, United States
| | - Marije Risselada
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West-Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Nicole J. Buote
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - Valery F. Scharf
- Department of Clinical Sciences, North Carolina State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Stefanaki C, Paltoglou G, Mastorakos G, Chrousos GP. Chronic Stress and Steatosis of Muscles, Bones, Liver, and Pancreas: A Review. Horm Res Paediatr 2023; 96:66-73. [PMID: 35144259 DOI: 10.1159/000522540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic stress is a recognized risk factor for poor health, body composition disequilibrium, impaired mental health, and deterioration of quality of life. Chronic stress-related cortisol oversecretion and circadian dysregulation and associated systemic low grade, injurious inflammation ("para-inflammation") contribute to steatosis in various metabolically active solid organs, affecting both their structure and function. The aim of this review was to summarize current knowledge on the impact of chronic stress and associated para-inflammation on skeletal muscle, bone, liver, and pancreas, leading to their steatosis. Current management of these maladaptive conditions is also included and underscored in this review. SUMMARY Steatosis of metabolically active solid organs is involved in various metabolic processes and considered a risk factor for chronic noncommunicable diseases, yet its role in chronic stress physiology and pathophysiology has been overlooked. KEY MESSAGES Chronic stress-associated steatosis of several solid organs is generally disregarded in current clinical practice. Physicians should be alert for these steatoses and should address them adequately so as to provide appropriate medical care. New guidelines generated by learned societies are needed, along with large observational studies, to offer novel solutions to this old problem.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Charikleia Stefanaki
- Unit of Endocrinology, Diabetes Mellitus, and Metabolism, School of Medicine, Aretaieion Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.,University Research Institute of Maternal and Child Health & Precision Medicine, and UNESCO Chair on Adolescent Health Care, "Aghia Sophia" Children's Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - George Paltoglou
- Unit of Endocrinology, Diabetes Mellitus, and Metabolism, School of Medicine, Aretaieion Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.,University Research Institute of Maternal and Child Health & Precision Medicine, and UNESCO Chair on Adolescent Health Care, "Aghia Sophia" Children's Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - George Mastorakos
- Unit of Endocrinology, Diabetes Mellitus, and Metabolism, School of Medicine, Aretaieion Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - George P Chrousos
- University Research Institute of Maternal and Child Health & Precision Medicine, and UNESCO Chair on Adolescent Health Care, "Aghia Sophia" Children's Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Suwannakul B, Sangkarit N, Manoy P, Amput P, Tapanya W. Association between Stress and Physical Fitness of University Students Post-COVID-19 Pandemic. J Funct Morphol Kinesiol 2023; 8:jfmk8010033. [PMID: 36976130 PMCID: PMC10052582 DOI: 10.3390/jfmk8010033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Post-COVID-19 pandemic, most universities changed their educational model from online courses to onsite learning, allowing students to attend regular face-to-face classes. These changes can cause stress in students, which affects physical fitness. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between stress levels and physical fitness in female university students. The participants were 101 female university students, 18-23 years of age. All participants completed the Suan Prung Stress Test-60 (SPST-60). The physical fitness test included body composition, cardiorespiratory fitness, as well as musculoskeletal fitness. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to determine the associations between SPST-60 scores and physical fitness. A p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. We found a negative correlation between the sources of stress scores, here environment, and maximal oxygen consumption (β = -0.291; 95% CI, -0.551, -0.031). We also found that symptoms of stress scores in the parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous systems were positively associated with waist-hip circumference ratio (WHR) (β = 0.010; 95% CI, 0.002, 0.017 and β = 0.006; 95% CI, 0.000, 0.012, respectively). Moreover, the symptoms of stress, here emotion, were positively associated with the WHR (β = 0.005; 95 %CI, 0.001, 0.009) and negatively associated with upper extremity muscle strength (β = -0.005; 95% CI, -0.009, 0.000). The results of this study confirmed the associations between stress levels in the post-COVID-19 pandemic era and WHR, maximal oxygen consumption, and upper extremity muscle strength. As a result, stress reduction or prevention alternatives should be considered in order to maintain physical fitness and prevent stress disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Boonsita Suwannakul
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Allied Health Science, University of Phayao, Phayao 56000, Thailand
| | - Noppharath Sangkarit
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Allied Health Science, University of Phayao, Phayao 56000, Thailand
- Unit of Excellence of Human Performance and Rehabilitations, University of Phayao, Phayao 56000, Thailand
| | - Pacharee Manoy
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Allied Health Science, University of Phayao, Phayao 56000, Thailand
| | - Patchareeya Amput
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Allied Health Science, University of Phayao, Phayao 56000, Thailand
- Unit of Excellence of Human Performance and Rehabilitations, University of Phayao, Phayao 56000, Thailand
| | - Weerasak Tapanya
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Allied Health Science, University of Phayao, Phayao 56000, Thailand
- Unit of Excellence of Human Performance and Rehabilitations, University of Phayao, Phayao 56000, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Guerrero AD, Herman A, Teutsch C, Dudovitz R. Evaluation of a Health Education Intervention to Improve Parental Knowledge and Attitudes About Chronic Stress and Depression Among Head Start Families. Health Promot Pract 2023; 24:261-271. [PMID: 34957866 PMCID: PMC10751026 DOI: 10.1177/15248399211061132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background. Chronic stress and depression disproportionately affect families experiencing poverty, and likely contribute to disparities in early childhood developmental outcomes. Developing strategies to address chronic stress and depression may help mitigate these disparities. Early Head Start (EHS) and Head Start (HS) programs provide an important platform to address the disproportionate burden of stress and mental health issues experienced by EHS/HS families. However, few low-literacy, broad, scalable interventions improve parents' knowledge and attitudes around these topics. Objectives. We examined parents' knowledge and attitudes regarding stress and depression before and after a train-the-trainer (TTT) intervention delivered to 28 EHS/HS agencies across the United States. Methods. Following a TTT workshop, 18 agencies chose to deliver the stress training to 1,089 parents and 5 chose to deliver the depression training to 670 parents. Participating parents completed paper assessments at baseline and 3 months following the training. Paired T-tests and chi-square analyses tested whether responses significantly improved over time. Results. At baseline, 37.2% of parents reported feeling stressed most of the time and 13.4% reported feeling depressed most of the time. Following the trainings and reinforcement activities, parents' knowledge, attitudes and self-reported behaviors significantly improved, including willingness to seek help for depression, avoidance of negative health-risk behaviors and utilization of healthy stress management practices. At follow up, 18.6% of parents reported feeling stressed most of the time and 11% reported feeling depressed. Conclusion. Findings suggest this low-literacy TTT approach is potentially a promising health promotion intervention with broad dissemination potential.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alma D. Guerrero
- UCLA Mattel Children’s Hospital, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ariella Herman
- Anderson School of Management, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Carol Teutsch
- Anderson School of Management, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Rebecca Dudovitz
- UCLA Mattel Children’s Hospital, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Troschel FM, Troschel BO, Kloss M, Troschel AS, Pepper NB, Wiewrodt RG, Stummer W, Wiewrodt D, Theodor Eich H. Cervical body composition on radiotherapy planning computed tomography scans predicts overall survival in glioblastoma patients. Clin Transl Radiat Oncol 2023; 40:100621. [PMID: 37008514 PMCID: PMC10063381 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctro.2023.100621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and purpose Glioblastoma (GBM) patients face a strongly unfavorable prognosis despite multimodal therapy regimens. However, individualized mortality prediction remains imprecise. Harnessing routine radiation planning cranial computed tomography (CT) scans, we assessed cervical body composition measures as novel biomarkers for overall survival (OS) in GBM patients. Materials and methods We performed threshold-based semi-automated quantification of muscle and subcutaneous fat cross-sectional area (CSA) at the levels of the first and second cervical vertebral body. First, we tested this method's validity by correlating cervical measures to established abdominal body composition in an open-source whole-body CT cohort. We then identified consecutive patients undergoing radiation planning for recent GBM diagnosis at our institution from 2010 to 2020 and quantified cervical body composition on radiation planning CT scans. Finally, we performed univariable and multivariable time-to-event analyses, adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, comorbidities, performance status, extent of surgical resection, extent of tumor at diagnosis, and MGMT methylation. Results Cervical body composition measurements were well-correlated with established abdominal markers (Spearman's rho greater than 0.68 in all cases). Subsequently, we included 324 GBM patients in our study cohort (median age 63 years, 60.8% male). 293 (90.4%) patients died during follow-up. Median survival time was 13 months. Patients with below-average muscle CSA or above-average fat CSA demonstrated shorter survival. In multivariable analyses, continuous cervical muscle measurements remained independently associated with OS. Conclusion This exploratory study establishes novel cervical body composition measures routinely available on cranial radiation planning CT scans and confirms their association with OS in patients diagnosed with GBM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fabian M. Troschel
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Münster University Hospital, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, 48149 Münster, Germany
- Corresponding author at: Universitätsklinikum Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, 48149 Münster, Germany.
| | - Benjamin O. Troschel
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Münster University Hospital, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Maren Kloss
- Department of Neurosurgery, Münster University Hospital, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Amelie S. Troschel
- Department of Medicine II, Klinikum Wolfsburg, Sauerbruchstraße 7, 38440 Wolfsburg, Germany
| | - Niklas B. Pepper
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Münster University Hospital, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Rainer G. Wiewrodt
- Pulmonary Research Division, Münster University, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, 48149 Münster, Germany
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Mathias Foundation, Hospitals Rheine and Ibbenbueren, Frankenburgsstrasse 31, 48431 Rheine, Germany
| | - Walter Stummer
- Department of Neurosurgery, Münster University Hospital, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Dorothee Wiewrodt
- Department of Neurosurgery, Münster University Hospital, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Hans Theodor Eich
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Münster University Hospital, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, 48149 Münster, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Sousa E, Nery SF, Casalechi M, Thimóteo LC, Paiva SP, Silva-Filho AL, Reis FM. Characteristics, prevalence and sources of stress in individuals who discontinue assisted reproductive technology treatments: a systematic review. Reprod Biomed Online 2023; 46:819-825. [PMID: 36907754 DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2023.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
By considering the reasons behind discontinuing assisted reproductive technology (ART) treatment, several studies have indicated that 'stress' is an important issue, but the prevalence of stressors and stress responses, either acute or chronic, remains unclear. In this systematic review, we evaluated the characteristics, prevalence and causes of what was perceived and reported as 'stress' by couples who discontinued ART treatment. Electronic databases were systematically searched, and studies were considered eligible if they evaluated stress as a possible reason for ART discontinuation. Twelve studies were included, with 15,264 participants from eight countries. In all studies, 'stress' was assessed through generic questionnaires or medical records, not by validated stress questionnaires or biomarkers. The prevalence of 'stress' ranged from 11-53%. When the results were pooled, 'stress' was cited as a reason for ART discontinuation by 775 out of 2507 participants (30.9%). Clinical factors associated with worse prognosis, physical discomfort due to treatment procedures, family demands, time pressure and economic burden were identified as sources of 'stress' that contributed to ART discontinuation. Precisely knowing the characteristics of the stress associated with infertility is essential to devise preventive or supportive interventions to help patients to cope and endure the treatments. Further studies are necessary to investigate whether the mitigation of stress factors can reduce ART discontinuation rates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elaine Sousa
- Division of Human Reproduction, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology; Hospital das Clínicas, UFMG, Av. Alfredo Balena, 110, 9˚ Andar, 30130-100 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Simone F Nery
- Division of Human Reproduction, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology; Hospital das Clínicas, UFMG, Av. Alfredo Balena, 110, 9˚ Andar, 30130-100 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Maíra Casalechi
- Division of Human Reproduction, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology; Hospital das Clínicas, UFMG, Av. Alfredo Balena, 110, 9˚ Andar, 30130-100 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Luiz C Thimóteo
- Division of Human Reproduction, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology; Hospital das Clínicas, UFMG, Av. Alfredo Balena, 110, 9˚ Andar, 30130-100 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Sara Pc Paiva
- Division of Human Reproduction, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology; Hospital das Clínicas, UFMG, Av. Alfredo Balena, 110, 9˚ Andar, 30130-100 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Agnaldo L Silva-Filho
- Division of Human Reproduction, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology; Hospital das Clínicas, UFMG, Av. Alfredo Balena, 110, 9˚ Andar, 30130-100 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Fernando M Reis
- Division of Human Reproduction, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology; Hospital das Clínicas, UFMG, Av. Alfredo Balena, 110, 9˚ Andar, 30130-100 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Kivimäki M, Bartolomucci A, Kawachi I. The multiple roles of life stress in metabolic disorders. Nat Rev Endocrinol 2023; 19:10-27. [PMID: 36224493 PMCID: PMC10817208 DOI: 10.1038/s41574-022-00746-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The activation of stress-related neuroendocrine systems helps to maintain homeostasis, but excessive stress can damage body functions. We review current evidence from basic sciences and epidemiology linking stress to the development and progression of metabolic disorders throughout life. Findings from rodents demonstrate that stress can affect features of metabolic dysfunction, such as insulin resistance, glucose and lipid homeostasis, as well as ageing processes such as cellular senescence and telomere length shortening. In human studies, stressors in the home, workplace and neighbourhood are associated with accelerated ageing and metabolic and immune alterations, both directly and indirectly via behavioural risks. The likelihood of developing clinical conditions, such as diabetes mellitus and hepatic steatosis is increased in individuals with adverse childhood experiences or long-term (years) or severe stress at work or in private life. The increased risk of metabolic disorders is often associated with other stress-related conditions, such as mental health disorders, cardiovascular disease and increased susceptibility to infections. Equally, stress can worsen prognosis in metabolic diseases. As favourable modifications in stressors are associated with reductions in incidence of metabolic disorders, further investigation of the therapeutic value of targeting stress in personalized medicine is warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mika Kivimäki
- Department of Mental Health of Older People, Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London, London, UK.
- Clinicum, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Alessandro Bartolomucci
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
- Department of Medicine, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.
| | - Ichiro Kawachi
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Strässle M, Grossmann J, Eppenberger P, Faas A, Jerkovic I, Floris J, Öhrström L, Akgül G, Aldakak L, Rühli F, Bender N, Staub K. Short-termed changes in quantitative ultrasound estimated bone density among young men in an 18-weeks follow-up during their basic training for the Swiss Armed Forces. PeerJ 2023; 11:e15205. [PMID: 37041974 PMCID: PMC10083003 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/19/2023] [Indexed: 04/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Quantitative Ultrasound (QUS) methods have been widely used to assess estimated bone density. This study aimed to assess changes in estimated bone density in association with changes in body composition, physical activity, and anthropometry. Methods We examined changes in anthropometry, body composition, and physical activity associated with changes in estimated bone mineral density (measured using quantitative ultrasound with a heel ultrasound device indicating broadband ultrasound attenuation BUA and speed of sound SOS) in a follow-up sample of n = 73 young men at the beginning and again 18 weeks later at the end of basic military training. Results At the end of the basic training, the subjects were on average significantly heavier (+1.0%), slightly taller (+0.5%) and had a higher fat mass (+6.6%) and grip strength (+8.6%). A significant decrease in mean physical activity (-49.5%) and mean estimated bone density calculated with BUA (-7.5%) was observed in the paired t-test. The results of the multivariable linear regressions (backward selection) show that changes in skeletal muscle mass (delta = 2nd measurement minus 1st measurement) have negative and body weight (delta) have positive association with the speed of sound SOS (delta), while fat mass (delta) and physical activity (delta) had the strongest negative associations with estimated bone mineral density (delta). In particular, we found a negative association between fat mass (delta) and estimated bone mineral density (delta, estimated with BUA). Conclusion Our study suggests that estimated bone density from the calcaneus can change within a few months even in young and mostly healthy individuals, depending upon physical activity levels and other co-factors. Further studies including other troop types as control groups as well as on women should follow in order to investigate this public health relevant topic in more depth. To what extent the estimated bone density measurement with quantitative ultrasound is clinically relevant needs to be investigated in further studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Strässle
- Kantonsspital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland
- Institute of Evolutionary Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Medical Faculty, University of Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jonas Grossmann
- Functional Genomics Center Zurich, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
- SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Patrick Eppenberger
- Institute of Evolutionary Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Joël Floris
- Institute of Evolutionary Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Lena Öhrström
- Institute of Evolutionary Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Gülfirde Akgül
- Institute of Evolutionary Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Lafi Aldakak
- Institute of Evolutionary Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Frank Rühli
- Institute of Evolutionary Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Nicole Bender
- Institute of Evolutionary Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Kaspar Staub
- Institute of Evolutionary Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Castelli F, Valero-Breton M, Hernandez M, Guarda F, Cornejo J, Cabello-Verrugio C, Cabrera D. Regulatory Mechanisms of Muscle Mass: The Critical Role of Resistance Training in Children and Adolescent. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2023; 1410:21-34. [PMID: 36280657 DOI: 10.1007/5584_2022_743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Muscle mass and strength are subjected to several regulations. We found endocrine signals such as growth hormone, insulin-like growth factor 1, testosterone, thyroid hormones, and glucocorticoids among them. Neural inputs also influence muscle development, modulating mass and strength. Among the external stimuli that modulate these muscular features is physical training such as resistance and endurance training. Specifically, resistance training can mediate an increase in muscle mass by hypertrophy in adults, but the effects in children and adolescents are full of myths for most of the population. However, the evidence shows that the impact of resistance training on children and adolescents is clear and provides a wide range of benefits. However, qualified professionals must be available since exercise prescription and subsequent supervision must follow this population's abilities, needs, and interests.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F Castelli
- Experimental Hepatology Laboratory, Department of Gastroenterology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - M Valero-Breton
- Laboratory of Muscle Pathology, Fragility and Aging, Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
- Center for the Development of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (CEDENNA), Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - M Hernandez
- Experimental Hepatology Laboratory, Department of Gastroenterology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - F Guarda
- Departmento de Endocrinología, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - J Cornejo
- Experimental Hepatology Laboratory, Department of Gastroenterology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - C Cabello-Verrugio
- Laboratory of Muscle Pathology, Fragility and Aging, Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile.
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile.
- Center for the Development of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (CEDENNA), Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
| | - D Cabrera
- Experimental Hepatology Laboratory, Department of Gastroenterology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Universidad Bernardo O Higgins, Santiago, Chile.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Gau RY, Tsai HI, Yu MC, Chan KM, Lee WC, Wang HE, Wang SF, Cheng ML, Chiu CC, Chen HY, Lee CW. Laparoscopic liver resection is associated with less significant muscle loss than the conventional open approach. World J Surg Oncol 2022; 20:385. [PMID: 36464698 PMCID: PMC9721003 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-022-02854-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Laparoscopic liver resections (LLR) have been shown a treatment approach comparable to open liver resections (OLR) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the influence of procedural type on body composition has not been investigated. The aim of the current study was to compare the degree of skeletal muscle loss between LLR and OLR for HCC. METHODS By using propensity score matching (PSM) analysis, 64 pairs of patients were enrolled. The change of psoas muscle index (PMI) after the operation was compared between the matched patients in the LLR and OLR. Risk factors for significant muscle loss (defined as change in PMI > mean change minus one standard deviation) were further investigated by multivariate analysis. RESULTS Among patients enrolled, there was no significant difference in baseline characteristics between the two groups. The PMI was significantly decreased in the OLR group (P = 0.003). There were also more patients in the OLR group who developed significant muscle loss after the operations (P = 0.008). Multivariate analysis revealed OLR (P = 0.023), type 2 diabetes mellitus, indocyanine green retention rate at 15 min (ICG-15) > 10%, and cancer stage ≧ 3 were independent risk factors for significant muscle loss. In addition, significant muscle loss was associated with early HCC recurrence (P = 0.006). Metabolomic analysis demonstrated that the urea cycle may be decreased in patients with significant muscle loss. CONCLUSION LLR for HCC was associated with less significant muscle loss than OLR. Since significant muscle loss was a predictive factor for early tumor recurrence and associated with impaired liver metabolism, LLR may subsequently result in a more favorable outcome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruoh-Yun Gau
- grid.454211.70000 0004 1756 999XDivision of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Guishan, Taoyuan, 33305 Taiwan
| | - Hsin-I Tsai
- grid.145695.a0000 0004 1798 0922Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Guishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan ,grid.145695.a0000 0004 1798 0922College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Guishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan ,grid.454211.70000 0004 1756 999XDepartment of Anesthesiology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Guishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chin Yu
- grid.454211.70000 0004 1756 999XDepartment of Anesthesiology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Guishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan ,grid.413801.f0000 0001 0711 0593Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, New Taipei Municipal Tu-Cheng Hospital (built and operated by Chang Gung Medical Foundation), Tu-Cheng, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Ming Chan
- grid.454211.70000 0004 1756 999XDivision of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Guishan, Taoyuan, 33305 Taiwan ,grid.145695.a0000 0004 1798 0922College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Guishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chen Lee
- grid.454211.70000 0004 1756 999XDivision of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Guishan, Taoyuan, 33305 Taiwan ,grid.145695.a0000 0004 1798 0922College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Guishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Haw-En Wang
- grid.454211.70000 0004 1756 999XDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Guishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Fu Wang
- grid.454211.70000 0004 1756 999XDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Guishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Ling Cheng
- grid.145695.a0000 0004 1798 0922Metabolomics Core Laboratory, Healthy Aging Research Center, Chang Gung University, Guishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan ,grid.145695.a0000 0004 1798 0922Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Guishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan ,grid.454211.70000 0004 1756 999XClinical Metabolomics Core Laboratory, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Guishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Chih Chiu
- grid.454211.70000 0004 1756 999XDepartment of Nursing, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Guishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Yi Chen
- grid.145695.a0000 0004 1798 0922College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Guishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan ,grid.454211.70000 0004 1756 999XDepartment of Nursing, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Guishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan ,grid.454211.70000 0004 1756 999XDepartment of Cancer Center, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Guishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Wei Lee
- grid.454211.70000 0004 1756 999XDivision of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Guishan, Taoyuan, 33305 Taiwan ,grid.145695.a0000 0004 1798 0922Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Guishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan ,grid.145695.a0000 0004 1798 0922College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Guishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Gut Microsex/Genderome, Immunity and the Stress Response in the Sexes: An Updated Review. SEXES 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/sexes3040039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Sex has been universally acknowledged as a confounding factor in every type of biological study, while there are strong sex differences in morbidity along the lifespan. Humans have almost identical genomes (99.2%), yet minor variance in their DNA produces remarkable phenotypic diversity across the human population. On the other hand, metagenomic analysis of the human microbiome is more variable, depending on the sex, lifestyle, geography, and age of individuals under study. Immune responses in humans also exhibit variations, with an especially striking sexual dimorphism, which is at play in several other physiologic processes. Sex steroids have noticeable effects on the composition of the human microbiome along the lifespan, accompanied by parallel changes in immunity and the stress response. Gut microsex/genderome, a recently coined term, defines the sexually dimorphic gut microbiome. Apart from the sex steroids, the stress hormones are also at play in the proliferation of microbes. This review summarizes the concept of gut microsex/genderome under the prism of recent studies on the interrelations of the sexually dimorphic microbiome with immunity and stress.
Collapse
|
21
|
Moretti A, Palomba A, Gimigliano F, Paoletta M, Liguori S, Zanfardino F, Toro G, Iolascon G. Osteosarcopenia and type 2 diabetes mellitus in post-menopausal women: a case-control study. Orthop Rev (Pavia) 2022; 14:38570. [PMID: 36267222 PMCID: PMC9568414 DOI: 10.52965/001c.38570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteosarcopenia has been defined as the concomitance of low bone density (osteopenia/osteoporosis) and sarcopenia. Osteoporosis is characterized by alterations in bone microarchitecture and decrease of bone mineral density (BMD), whereas sarcopenia is the progressive decrease of both muscle mass and function that increase the risk of falls. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated with poor bone strength and muscle wasting. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to analyze the association between osteosarcopenia and T2DM in post-menopausal women (PMW). METHODS We performed an age matched case-control study (1:2 ratio), considering as cases PMW affected by T2DM, and PMW without T2DM as control group. For all patients a DXA evaluation to investigate bone density and body composition measures were performed. Moreover, we carried out muscle strength and performance assessments. Outcome measures were femoral neck and lumbar spine BMD T-scores, appendicular lean mass (ALM), handgrip strength and the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB). Data from both groups were analyzed and compared. RESULTS Thirty-six PMW (12 T2DM vs 24 non-T2DM) were recruited. The frequency of osteosarcopenia was significantly higher in the T2DM group compared to controls (50% vs 17%; OR 5.0, 95% CI 1.05 to 23.79, p = 0.043). Handgrip strength was significantly lower in the T2DM group (10.09 ± 4.02 kg vs 18.40 ± 6.83 kg; p = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Post-menopausal women with T2DM have a 5 times higher risk to have osteosarcopenia compared to non-diabetic ones. Further studies on larger cohorts are required to confirm these findings.
Collapse
|
22
|
Salhab O, Khayat L, Alaaeddine N. Stem cell secretome as a mechanism for restoring hair loss due to stress, particularly alopecia areata: narrative review. J Biomed Sci 2022; 29:77. [PMID: 36199062 PMCID: PMC9533579 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-022-00863-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Living organisms are continuously exposed to multiple internal and external stimuli which may influence their emotional, psychological, and physical behaviors. Stress can modify brain structures, reduces functional memory and results in many diseases such as skin disorders like acne, psoriasis, telogen effluvium, and alopecia areata. In this review, we aim to discuss the effect of secretome on treating alopecia, especially alopecia areata. We will shed the light on the mechanism of action of the secretome in the recovery of hair loss and this by reviewing all reported in vitro and in vivo literature. Main body Hair loss has been widely known to be enhanced by stressful events. Alopecia areata is one of the skin disorders which can be highly induced by neurogenic stress especially if the patient has a predisposed genetic background. This condition is an autoimmune disease where stress in this case activates the immune response to attack the body itself leading to hair cycle destruction. The currently available treatments include medicines, laser therapy, phototherapy, and alternative medicine therapies with little or no satisfactory results. Regenerative medicine is a new era in medicine showing promising results in treating many medical conditions including Alopecia. The therapeutic effects of stem cells are due to their paracrine and trophic effects which are due to their secretions (secretome). Conclusion Stem cells should be more used as an alternative to conventional therapies due to their positive outcomes. More clinical trials on humans should be done to maximize the dose needed and type of stem cells that must be used to treat alopecia areata.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ola Salhab
- Neuroscience Research Center, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Luna Khayat
- University of Ottawa, Faculty of Science, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Nada Alaaeddine
- Neuroscience Research Center, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Chrousos GP, Papadopoulou-Marketou N, Bacopoulou F, Lucafò M, Gallotta A, Boschiero D. Photoplethysmography (PPG)-determined heart rate variability (HRV) and extracellular water (ECW) in the evaluation of chronic stress and inflammation. Hormones (Athens) 2022; 21:383-390. [PMID: 35028916 DOI: 10.1007/s42000-021-00341-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heart rate variability (HRV) is the physiological variation in the time interval between consecutive heartbeats. Extracellular water (ECW) is the aqueous compartment surrounding cells and has been used as an inflammation index. Medically unexplained symptoms (MUS) refer to persistent psychosomatic bodily complaints, and their presence may be employed as a clinical index of chronic stress and inflammation, useful in distinguishing suffering patients from healthy subjects. AIM To evaluate the clinical performance of SDNN (standard deviation of intracardiac beat time interval of normal sinus beats) and RMSSD (square root of the mean squared differences of successive NN intervals) as indices of HRV, and their correlation with ECW and MUS. PATIENTS AND METHODS A large multicenter retrospective study was conducted in 37 Italian medical practices in Caucasian men and women aged 20 to 70 years. SDNN and RMSSD were measured with the PPG Stress Flow® device (BioTekna, Italy), while ECW was determined with the BIA-ACC® device (BioTekna, Italy). All subjects filled in a MUS® questionnaire with 19 "nonspecific" symptom questions. The study sample was stratified by decade of age into five groups. RESULTS Data from 9246 subjects comprising 3127 males and 6119 females, with a median age of 47 years, were analyzed. HRV index SDNN and RMSSD distributions in the entire sample and in each of the five age groups were significantly greater in subjects with a limited number of MUS (0-5) than in subjects with six or more symptoms, while both distributions correlated negatively with ECW. CONCLUSION SDNN and RMSSD and ECW were predictors of MUS and were successfully used to objectively evaluate chronic stress and inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- George P Chrousos
- University Research Institute of Maternal and Child Health and Precision Medicine and UNESCO Chair on Adolescent Health Care, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Nektaria Papadopoulou-Marketou
- University Research Institute of Maternal and Child Health and Precision Medicine and UNESCO Chair on Adolescent Health Care, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
- Choremeio Research Laboratory, University Research Institute, 3rd Floor, 8 Levadias Street, 115 27, Athens, Greece.
| | - Flora Bacopoulou
- University Research Institute of Maternal and Child Health and Precision Medicine and UNESCO Chair on Adolescent Health Care, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Ferguson DP, Leszczynski EC, Horton TH, Pfeiffer KA, Gardiner J, Pearson AL. C-reactive protein and telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) associate with chronic disease markers in a sample from low-income neighborhoods in Detroit, Michigan. SPORTS MEDICINE AND HEALTH SCIENCE 2022; 4:275-279. [PMID: 36600969 PMCID: PMC9806694 DOI: 10.1016/j.smhs.2022.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Racial and ethnic minorities in economically deprived inner cities experience high rates of chronic diseases compared to neighborhoods with higher socioeconomic status (SES). However, these economically deprived populations are understudied in terms of biomarkers associated with chronic disease risk which include C-reactive protein (CRP), telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT), and glycosylated hemoglobin (A1C). We examined relationships between CRP and TERT and chronic disease indicators (body mass index [BMI] and A1C) in two low-income, predominantly African American (AA) neighborhoods in Detroit, Michigan. Sixty-nine adults (43 females, 26 males, mean age 46 years [y], standard deviation [SD] = 15.9) completed a health survey, anthropometry, and finger stick blood tests. A1C was measured using A1CNow test strips, and CRP and TERT levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) with samples extracted from dried blood spots. We examined CRP (mean = 4.9, SD = 3.1), TERT (mean = 32.5, SD = 15.1), and A1C (mean = 5.4, SD = 1.0) by BMI category. We fitted restricted maximum likelihood regression models to evaluate associations between CRP, TERT, BMI, and A1C, after adjustment for demographics and inclusion of a random effect for the neighborhood. In this predominantly AA sample (91%, 63/69), 68% had levels of CRP (means = 4.8 mg/L, SD = 3.0 for AAs; 6.4 mg/L, SD = 3.9 for all others) indicative of chronic inflammation (CRP greater than 3 mg/L). BMI was significantly associated with CRP (p = 0.004) and TERT (p = 0.026). TERT levels indicate that being overweight is associated with markers of chromosome remodeling, suggestive of chronic disease. CRP followed a similar trend with overweight individuals having higher inflammation and risk of chronic disease. Our findings warrant further exploration of additional factors that may influence CRP and TERT. Furthermore, examining populations in a more ethnically and/or economically diverse, yet still high proportion minority, sample will fill a knowledge gap in this understudied field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Teresa H. Horton
- Department of Anthropology, Northwestern University, United States
| | | | - Joseph Gardiner
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Michigan State University, United States
| | - Amber L. Pearson
- Department of Geography, Environment and Spatial Sciences, Michigan State University, United States,Corresponding author. Department of Geography, Environment & Spatial Sciences, Michigan State Unviersity, East Lansing, MI, 48824, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Allostatic Load as an Insight into the Psychological Burden after Primary Treatment in Women with Breast Cancer: Influence of Physical Side Effects and Pain Perception. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11082144. [PMID: 35456237 PMCID: PMC9031666 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11082144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) diagnosis and treatment have become a cumulative long-standing chronic disease impairment, causing stress and turning into an allostatic load (AL) framework. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between physical issues and mental health in patients with BC after medical treatment. We conducted an observational study of 61 female patients with BC, and clinical and psychological markers have been detected. We conducted descriptive statistics, ANOVA analyses, correlations, and mediation analyses to verify the effect of the comorbidity index on psychological dimensions. The findings showed high levels of distress and moderate pain, and 32.8% of the patients showed moderate physical impairment. Significant effects of “age” and “physical issues” were found. The adult group reported a higher incidence of physical issues, and the group of patients reporting moderate physical impairment seemed more depressed than patients with mild physical issues. Finally, the comorbidity condition mediated the presence of signs of depression. Patients with BC seemed to experience negative emotions related to comorbidities associated with compromised activities of daily living. Our findings highlighted allostatic overload as a predictive framework to better understand the mental health of women with BC diagnoses to tailor effective psychological treatments for enhanced recovery.
Collapse
|
26
|
Katsuhara S, Yokomoto-Umakoshi M, Umakoshi H, Matsuda Y, Iwahashi N, Kaneko H, Ogata M, Fukumoto T, Terada E, Sakamoto R, Ogawa Y. Impact of Cortisol on Reduction in Muscle Strength and Mass: A Mendelian Randomization Study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2022; 107:e1477-e1487. [PMID: 34850018 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgab862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Prolonged exposure to pathological cortisol, as in Cushing's syndrome causes various age-related disorders, including sarcopenia. However, it is unclear whether mild cortisol excess, for example, accelerates sarcopenia due to aging or chronic stress. OBJECTIVE We used Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to assess whether cortisol was causally associated with muscle strength and mass. METHODS Three single-nucleotide polymorphisms associated with plasma cortisol concentrations in the CORtisol NETwork consortium (n = 12 597) were used as instrumental variables. Summary statistics with traits of interest were obtained from relevant genome-wide association studies. For the primary analysis, we used the fixed-effects inverse-variance weighted analysis accounting for genetic correlations between variants. RESULTS One SD increase in cortisol was associated with SD reduction in grip strength (estimate, -0.032; 95% CI -0.044 to -0.020; P = 3e-04), whole-body lean mass (estimate, -0.032; 95% CI, -0.046 to -0.017; P = 0.004), and appendicular lean mass (estimate, -0.031; 95% CI, -0.049 to -0.012; P = 0.001). The results were supported by the weighted-median analysis, with no evidence of pleiotropy in the MR-Egger analysis. The association of cortisol with grip strength and lean mass was observed in women but not in men. The association was attenuated after adjusting for fasting glucose in the multivariable MR analysis, which was the top mediator for the association in the MR Bayesian model averaging analysis. CONCLUSION This MR study provides evidence for the association of cortisol with reduced muscle strength and mass, suggesting the impact of cortisol on the development of sarcopenia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shunsuke Katsuhara
- Department of Medicine and Bioregulatory Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Maki Yokomoto-Umakoshi
- Department of Medicine and Bioregulatory Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hironobu Umakoshi
- Department of Medicine and Bioregulatory Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yayoi Matsuda
- Department of Medicine and Bioregulatory Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Norifusa Iwahashi
- Department of Medicine and Bioregulatory Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hiroki Kaneko
- Department of Medicine and Bioregulatory Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Ogata
- Department of Medicine and Bioregulatory Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Tazuru Fukumoto
- Department of Medicine and Bioregulatory Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Eriko Terada
- Department of Medicine and Bioregulatory Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Ryuichi Sakamoto
- Department of Medicine and Bioregulatory Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Ogawa
- Department of Medicine and Bioregulatory Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Christaki EV, Pervanidou P, Papassotiriou I, Bastaki D, Valavani E, Mantzou A, Giannakakis G, Boschiero D, Chrousos GP. Stress, Inflammation and Metabolic Biomarkers Are Associated with Body Composition Measures in Lean, Overweight, and Obese Children and Adolescents. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 9:children9020291. [PMID: 35205011 PMCID: PMC8870192 DOI: 10.3390/children9020291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine the associations between multiple indices of stress, inflammation and metabolism vs. body composition parameters in 121 (43 boys, 78 girls) children and adolescents, aged 5–15 y. Subjects were divided into two groups: normal weight (N) (N = 40, BMI z-score = −0.1923 ± 0.6), and overweight/obese (OB) (N = 81, BMI z-score = 2.1947 ± 1.4). All subjects completed the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children (STAIC) and Children’s Depression Inventory, and underwent cortisol measurements in hair, diurnal series of saliva, and morning serum. Circulating concentrations of high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) and other inflammation biomarkers were also obtained. Body composition analysis was performed with a clinically validated, advanced bioimpedance apparatus (BIA), while heart rate variability (HRV) was measured as a stress biomarker by photoplethysmography (PPG). The OB group had a higher STAIC-state score, waist-to-hip ratio, skeletal muscle mass, and total and abdominal fat mass, and a lower percent fat-free mass (FFM) and bone density than the N group. HRV did not differ between the groups. In the entire population, percent fat mass correlated strongly with circulating hsCRP (r = 0.397, p = 0.001), ferritin, and other inflammatory biomarkers, as well as with indices of insulin resistance. A strong correlation between serum hsCRP and hair cortisol was also observed (r = 0.777, p < 0.001), suggesting interrelation of chronic stress and inflammation. Thus, body fat accumulation in children and adolescents was associated with an elevation in clinical and laboratory biomarkers of stress, inflammation, and insulin resistance. BIA-ACC and PPG can be utilized as a direct screening tool for assessing overweight- and obesity -related health risks in children and adolescents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eirini V. Christaki
- Childhood Obesity Clinic, First Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, “Aghia Sophia” Children’s Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece; (P.P.); (A.M.); (G.P.C.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Panagiota Pervanidou
- Childhood Obesity Clinic, First Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, “Aghia Sophia” Children’s Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece; (P.P.); (A.M.); (G.P.C.)
- Unit of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, First Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, “Aghia Sophia” Children’s Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece; (D.B.); (E.V.)
| | - Ioannis Papassotiriou
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, “Aghia Sophia” Children’s Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece;
| | - Despoina Bastaki
- Unit of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, First Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, “Aghia Sophia” Children’s Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece; (D.B.); (E.V.)
| | - Eleni Valavani
- Unit of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, First Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, “Aghia Sophia” Children’s Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece; (D.B.); (E.V.)
| | - Aimilia Mantzou
- Childhood Obesity Clinic, First Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, “Aghia Sophia” Children’s Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece; (P.P.); (A.M.); (G.P.C.)
| | - Giorgos Giannakakis
- Computational Biomedicine Laboratory, Institute of Computer Science, Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas (FORTH), 70013 Heraklion, Greece;
- Institute of AgriFood and Life Sciences, University Research Centre, Hellenic Mediterranean University, 71410 Heraklion, Greece
| | | | - George P. Chrousos
- Childhood Obesity Clinic, First Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, “Aghia Sophia” Children’s Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece; (P.P.); (A.M.); (G.P.C.)
- Unit of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, First Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, “Aghia Sophia” Children’s Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece; (D.B.); (E.V.)
- University Research Institute of Maternal and Child Health and Precision Medicine and UNESCO Chair on Adolescent Health Care, 11527 Athens, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Wang XQ, Ren XH, Kou WJ, Li Y, Hui ZZ, Sun JR, Wang MX. Gender differences in the relationships between housework and metabolic markers: a longitudinal cohort study in China. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:336. [PMID: 35177008 PMCID: PMC8851696 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-12566-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Metabolic syndrome has become a major health threat throughout the world, but there are few studies that focus on the effects of housework on human metabolism. This study explores the association between housework and metabolic markers and examines whether there are gender differences in the relationship of housework intensity on these markers. Methods We obtained data for 2,624 participants from the China Health and Nutrition Survey and used binary logistic regression to analyze the association between housework and metabolic markers (triglycerides, high- and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, hemoglobin, blood glucose, cholesterol, and blood pressure). Results We observed no association between housework and metabolic markers for men. However, we find that women who engaged in housework had a higher risk of triglycerides than those who did not (OR=1.16, 95% CI: 1.16, 4.25). Compared with low-intensity, we also find that women who performed moderate- and high-housework intensity had a higher risk of triglycerides (moderate-intensity: OR=1.78, 95% CI: 1.14, 2.78; high-intensity: OR=1.91, 95% CI: 1.22, 2.98), MetS (OR=1.54, 95% CI: 0.98, 2.43; OR=1.68, 95% CI: 1.07, 2.66), pre-hypertension (OR=1.68, 95% CI: 1.08, 2.62; OR=1.63, 95% CI: 1.04, 2.55), and obesity (OR=1.65, 95% CI: 1.01, 2.70; OR=1.66, 95% CI: 1.01, 2.72). Conclusion In women, we find that housework is positively associated with the metabolic markers, triglycerides, MetS, and pre-hypertension. However, we did not find evidence that this relationship exists in men, f or any biomarkers we considered. One possible explanation is that people who engage in high-intensity housework are more stressed and sleep less, which could be a mechanism by which housework becomes associated with metabolic disease. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-022-12566-6.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Qin Wang
- Health Science Center, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 76 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Xiao-Han Ren
- Health Science Center, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 76 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Wen-Jing Kou
- Health Science Center, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 76 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Nursing, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhao-Zhao Hui
- Health Science Center, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 76 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Jia-Ru Sun
- Health Science Center, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 76 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Ming-Xu Wang
- Health Science Center, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 76 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, China.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Yue Y, Chen Y, Liu H, Xu L, Zhou X, Ming H, Chen X, Chen M, Lin Y, Liu L, Zhao Y, Liu S. Shugan Hewei Decoction Alleviates Cecum Mucosal Injury and Improves Depressive- and Anxiety-Like Behaviors in Chronic Stress Model Rats by Regulating Cecal Microbiota and Inhibiting NLRP3 Inflammasome. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:766474. [PMID: 34987395 PMCID: PMC8721152 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.766474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic stress is a significant cause of depression, anxiety, and intestinal mucosal injury. Gut microbiota disturbances are also associated with these disorders. Shugan Hewei Decoction (SHD), which is a traditional Chinese medicine formula developed by our team, has shown superior therapeutic effects in the treatment of depression, anxiety, and functional gastrointestinal diseases caused by chronic stress. In this study, we investigated the modulatory effect of SHD on the cecal microbiota and cecum mucosal NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome in a chronic unpredictable stress (CUS)/social isolation rat model. After the SHD intervention, the CUS model rats showed improvements in their depressive- and anxiety-like behaviors, as well as sustained body weight growth and improved fecal characteristics. SHD improved the cecal microbiota diversity and changed the abundance of six microbial genera. A Spearman's correlation analysis showed a strong correlation between the NLRP3 inflammasome and CUS-perturbed cecal biomarker microbiota. SHD regulated the excessive expression of NLRP3, ASC, caspase-1, interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and IL-18 in the serum and cecum mucosa induced by CUS, as well as the activation of the Toll-like receptor 4/nuclear factor-κB signaling cascades. Our results reveal the pharmacological mechanisms of SHD and provide a validated therapeutic method for the treatment of depression, anxiety, and cecum mucosal injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Yue
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China.,Institute of Classical Prescription Applications, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu Chen
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China.,Institute of Classical Prescription Applications, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Hao Liu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Lesi Xu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China.,Institute of Classical Prescription Applications, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Xian Zhou
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Hao Ming
- School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xin Chen
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Miaoqi Chen
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Yunya Lin
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Lin Liu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Yingqian Zhao
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Songlin Liu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Sadeghi HM, Adeli I, Calina D, Docea AO, Mousavi T, Daniali M, Nikfar S, Tsatsakis A, Abdollahi M. Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Comprehensive Review of Pathogenesis, Management, and Drug Repurposing. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23020583. [PMID: 35054768 PMCID: PMC8775814 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23020583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine-gynecology disorder affecting many women of childbearing age. Although a part of the involved mechanism in PCOS occurrence is discovered, the exact etiology and pathophysiology are not comprehensively understood yet. We searched PubMed for PCOS pathogenesis and management in this article and ClinicalTrials.gov for information on repurposed medications. All responsible factors behind PCOS were thoroughly evaluated. Furthermore, the complete information on PCOS commonly prescribed and repurposed medications is summarized through tables. Epigenetics, environmental toxicants, stress, diet as external factors, insulin resistance, hyperandrogenism, inflammation, oxidative stress, and obesity as internal factors were investigated. Lifestyle modifications and complementary and alternative medicines are preferred first-line therapy in many cases. Medications, including 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-3-glutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitors, thiazolidinediones, sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors, dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors, glucose-like peptide-1 receptor agonists, mucolytic agents, and some supplements have supporting data for being repurposed in PCOS. Since there are few completed clinical trials with a low population and mostly without results on PCOS repurposed medications, it would be helpful to do further research and run well-designed clinical trials on this subject. Moreover, understanding more about PCOS would be beneficial to find new medications implying the effect via the novel discovered routes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hosna Mohammad Sadeghi
- Toxicology and Diseases Group (TDG), Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 11369, Iran; (H.M.S.); (I.A.); (T.M.); (M.D.)
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 11369, Iran
| | - Ida Adeli
- Toxicology and Diseases Group (TDG), Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 11369, Iran; (H.M.S.); (I.A.); (T.M.); (M.D.)
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 11369, Iran
| | - Daniela Calina
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
- Correspondence: (D.C.); (M.A.)
| | - Anca Oana Docea
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Petru Rares, 200349 Craiova, Romania;
| | - Taraneh Mousavi
- Toxicology and Diseases Group (TDG), Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 11369, Iran; (H.M.S.); (I.A.); (T.M.); (M.D.)
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 11369, Iran
| | - Marzieh Daniali
- Toxicology and Diseases Group (TDG), Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 11369, Iran; (H.M.S.); (I.A.); (T.M.); (M.D.)
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 11369, Iran
| | - Shekoufeh Nikfar
- Department of Pharmacoeconomics and Pharmaceutical Administration, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 11369, Iran;
- Personalized Medicine Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 11369, Iran
- Evidence-Based Evaluation of Cost-Effectiveness and Clinical Outcomes Group, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 11369, Iran
| | - Aristidis Tsatsakis
- Department of Analytical and Forensic Medical Toxicology, Sechenov University, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
- Department of Forensic Sciences and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Medical School, University of Crete, 70013 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Mohammad Abdollahi
- Toxicology and Diseases Group (TDG), Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 11369, Iran; (H.M.S.); (I.A.); (T.M.); (M.D.)
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 11369, Iran
- Correspondence: (D.C.); (M.A.)
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Kulshreshtha B, Sharma N, Pant S, Sharma L, Pahuja B, Singh P. PCOS patients differ in meal timings rather than total caloric or macronutrient intake in comparison to weight matched controls. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2022; 270:11-16. [PMID: 35007973 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2021.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is paucity of data related to dietary patterns in women with PCOS with heterogenous phenotypes compared to weight matched healthy women. In the present study, we studied the influence of diet and dietary patterns in relation to BMI and phenotype of PCOS women. DESIGN Case control study in a tertiary care hospital. PATIENTS 168 PCOS women and 102 age matched healthy women were recruited. All were subjected to clinical examination, biochemical, hormonal and dietary assessment based on 2-day dietary recall and direct interview by dieticians. RESULTS There was no difference in the total energy and macronutrient distribution among the lean and obese PCOS women compared to weight matched controls. There was a higher junk intake and lower fibre intake among PCOS patients compared to controls. There was no difference in the total energy or macronutrient distribution or meal timings among different phenotypes of PCOS. Around 40% PCOS women had a late/missed breakfast pattern compared to 15% of healthy controls (p-0.00). In multivariable logistic regression analysis, we observed that late breakfast and late lunch patterns were associated with PCOS independent of BMI (OR-3.3[CI- 1.7-6.8] and 3.0 [CI- 1.2-6.9]). Junk intake was correlated with BMI, glucose and cholesterol levels and dairy intake was correlated with hirsuitism score. CONCLUSION We demonstrate for the first time that PCOS women differ significantly from weight matched controls in the timings of their breakfast and lunch intake rather than the total caloric intake and macronutrient distribution. Whether correction of meal timings and food choices can improve the phenotypic manifestations of PCOS remains to be seen.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bindu Kulshreshtha
- Department of Endocrinology, ABVIMS, Dr. RML Hospital, New Delhi, India.
| | - Neera Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, ABVIMS, Dr. RML Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Shubhi Pant
- Department of Endocrinology, ABVIMS, Dr. RML Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Lokesh Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, ABVIMS, Dr. RML Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Bhawna Pahuja
- Department of Endocrinology, ABVIMS, Dr. RML Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Priyanka Singh
- Department of Endocrinology, ABVIMS, Dr. RML Hospital, New Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Osteosarcopenia as a lifetime syndrome: Could it be prevented? OSTEOSARCOPENIA 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-820088-9.00012-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
33
|
Kałużna M, Czlapka-Matyasik M, Bykowska-Derda A, Moczko J, Ruchala M, Ziemnicka K. Indirect Predictors of Visceral Adipose Tissue in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Comparison of Methods. Nutrients 2021; 13:2494. [PMID: 34444654 PMCID: PMC8401513 DOI: 10.3390/nu13082494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Visceral adipose tissue (VAT) accumulation, is a part of a polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) phenotype. Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) provides a gold standard measurement of VAT. This study aimed to compare ten different indirect methods of VAT estimation in PCOS women. The study included 154 PCOS and 68 age- and BMI-matched control women. Subjects were divided into age groups: 18-30 y.o. and 30-40 y.o. Analysis included: body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), waist/height 0.5 (WHT.5R), visceral adipose index (VAI), lipid accumulation product (LAP), and fat mass index (FMI). VAT accumulation, android-to-gynoid ratio (A/G), and total body fat (TBF) was measured by DXA. ROC analysis revealed that WHtR, WHT.5R, WC, BMI, and LAP demonstrated the highest predictive value in identifying VAT in the PCOS group. Lower cut-off values of BMI (23.43 kg/m2) and WHtR (0.45) were determined in the younger PCOS group and higher thresholds of WHtR (0.52) in the older PCOS group than commonly used. Measuring either: WHtR, WHT.5R, WC, BMI, or LAP, could help identify a subgroup of PCOS patients at high cardiometabolic risk. The current observations reinforce the importance of using special cut-offs to identify VAT, dependent on age and PCOS presence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Kałużna
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Internal Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-355 Poznan, Poland; (M.R.); (K.Z.)
| | - Magdalena Czlapka-Matyasik
- Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Poznan University of Life Sciences, 60-624 Poznan, Poland; (M.C.-M.); (A.B.-D.)
| | - Aleksandra Bykowska-Derda
- Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Poznan University of Life Sciences, 60-624 Poznan, Poland; (M.C.-M.); (A.B.-D.)
| | - Jerzy Moczko
- Department of Computer Science and Statistics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-806 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Marek Ruchala
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Internal Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-355 Poznan, Poland; (M.R.); (K.Z.)
| | - Katarzyna Ziemnicka
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Internal Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-355 Poznan, Poland; (M.R.); (K.Z.)
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Association between Metabolic Syndrome Components and Cardiac Autonomic Modulation among Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10080699. [PMID: 34439932 PMCID: PMC8389259 DOI: 10.3390/biology10080699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary The clustering of metabolic syndrome (MetS) risk factors is becoming more prevalent in young people (up to the age of 19 years) leading to the development of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and cardiovascular diseases in early adulthood. The impact of MetS risk factors on cardiac autonomic modulation (CAM) or vice versa have been noted to track from childhood to pre-adolescence and adolescence. Understating associations in this age group may help improve the clinical outcomes of the MetS, even when MetS symptoms are not visible. Potential damage from each individual MetS component and the ability to predict early cardiac damage or upcoming cardiovascular events is very important. Therefore, the present systematic review and meta-analysis investigated the associations between CAM and MetS risk factors individually to verify which MetS risk components were significantly correlated with which heart rate variability (HRV) indices before or at the onset of the MetS among young people. The purpose of this review was to outline the importance of potentially screening HRV indices in young people even with only one MetS risk factor, as a pre-indicator for early cardiovascular risk stratification. Cross-sectional studies that examined the relationship of MetS risk factors with HRV indices were searched using four databases including PubMed, the Cochrane clinical trials library, Medline and the Web of Science. Correlation coefficients with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI), and random effects meta-analyses of the association between MetS risk factors with HRV indices were performed. Our results propose that lipid profiles including high density lipoprotein (HDL) and triglycerides (TGs), waist circumference (WC) and blood pressure (BP) are associated with CAM in young people up to the age of 19 years. The use of HRV indices to predict future MetS risk, and relationships with individual risk factors including HDL, BP, WC and TGs, were established. Furthermore, arterial pressure, respiration, stress and physical activity must be taken into consideration for future studies along with CAM related to young people (up to the age of 19 years), and it is recommended to explore further the associations reported here, as CAM is not the only determinant of neurovisceral regulation. Abstract Background: the clustering of metabolic syndrome (MetS) risk factors is becoming more prevalent in children, leading to the development of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and cardiovascular diseases in early adulthood. The impact of MetS risk factors on cardiac autonomic modulation (CAM) or vice versa has been noted to track from childhood to pre-adolescence and adolescence. Understating associations in this age group may help to improve the clinical outcomes of the MetS, even when MetS symptoms are not visible. Potential damage from each individual MetS component and the ability to predict early cardiac damage or upcoming cardiovascular events is very important. Therefore, the present systematic review and meta-analysis investigated the associations between CAM and MetS risk factors individually to verify which of the MetS risk components were significantly correlated with heart rate variability (HRV) indices before or at the onset of the MetS among young people. The purpose of this review was to outline the importance of potentially screening HRV indices in young people even with only one MetS risk factor, as a pre-indicator for early cardiovascular risk stratification. Methods: cross-sectional studies that examined the relationship of MetS risk factors with HRV indices were searched using four databases including PubMed, the Cochrane clinical trials library, Medline and the Web of Science. Correlation coefficients with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI), and random effects meta-analyses of the association between MetS risk factors with HRV indices were performed. Results: out of 14 cross-sectional studies and one case-control study, 8 studies (10 data sets) provided association data for the meta-analysis. Our results indicated significant positive correlations for systolic blood pressure (SBP) (correlation coefficient 0.13 (95%CI: 0.06; 0.19), I2 = 47.26%) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (correlation coefficient 0.09 (95%CI: −0.01; 0.18), I2 = 0%) with a Low Frequency/High Frequency ratio (LF/HF). Significant negative correlations for waist circumference (WC) (correlation coefficient −0.12 (95%CI: −0.19; −0.04), I2 = 51.50%), Triglycerides (TGs) (correlation coefficient −0.09 (95%CI: −0.15; −0.02), I2 = 0%) and ≥2 MetS risk factors (correlation coefficient −0.10 (95%CI: −0.16; −0.03), I2 = 0%); with high frequency (HF) were revealed. Significant positive correlations for high density lipoprotein (HDL) (correlation coefficient 0.08 (95%CI: 0.05; 0.11), I2 = 0%) and significant negative correlations of ≥2 MetS risk (correlation coefficient −0.04 (95%CI: −0.12; 0.03), I2 = 0.0%) with low frequency (LF) were revealed. Significant negative correlations for TGs (correlation coefficient −0.09 (95%CI: −0.23; 0.05), I2 = 2.01%) with a mean square root of the sum of differences between mean time between two successive intervals (rMSSD) and significant positive correlation of HDL (correlation coefficient 0.09 (95%CI: −0.01; 0.19), I2 = 0.33%) with standard deviation of the time between two successive intervals (SDNN) were also revealed. An Egger’s test indicated that there was no obvious publication bias for any of the above relationships except for TGs and rMSSD. The significance level stipulated for the meta-analysis was p < 0.05. Conclusions: lipid profiles (HDL and TGs), WC and BP were associated with CAM in young people up to the age of 19 years. The use of HRV indices to predict future MetS risk, and relationships with individual risk factors including HDL, BP, WC and TGs, were established. Future studies related to young people (up to the age of 19 years) are recommended to explore the associations reported here further.
Collapse
|
35
|
Shirif AZ, Kovačević S, Brkljačić J, Teofilović A, Elaković I, Djordjevic A, Matić G. Decreased Glucocorticoid Signaling Potentiates Lipid-Induced Inflammation and Contributes to Insulin Resistance in the Skeletal Muscle of Fructose-Fed Male Rats Exposed to Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22137206. [PMID: 34281257 PMCID: PMC8269441 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22137206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The modern lifestyle brings both excessive fructose consumption and daily exposure to stress which could lead to metabolic disturbances and type 2 diabetes. Muscles are important points of glucose and lipid metabolism, with a crucial role in the maintenance of systemic energy homeostasis. We investigated whether 9-week fructose-enriched diet, with and without exposure to 4-week unpredictable stress, disturbs insulin signaling in the skeletal muscle of male rats and evaluated potential contributory roles of muscle lipid metabolism, glucocorticoid signaling and inflammation. The combination of fructose-enriched diet and stress increased peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors-α and -δ and stimulated lipid uptake, lipolysis and β-oxidation in the muscle of fructose-fed stressed rats. Combination of treatment also decreased systemic insulin sensitivity judged by lower R-QUICKI, and lowered muscle protein content and stimulatory phosphorylations of insulin receptor supstrate-1 and Akt, as well as the level of 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 and glucocorticoid receptor. At the same time, increased levels of protein tyrosine phosphatase-1B, nuclear factor-κB, tumor necrosis factor-α, were observed in the muscle of fructose-fed stressed rats. Based on these results, we propose that decreased glucocorticoid signaling in the skeletal muscle can make a setting for lipid-induced inflammation and the development of insulin resistance in fructose-fed stressed rats.
Collapse
|
36
|
Bjørklund G, Tippairote T, Dadar M, Lizcano F, Aaseth J, Borisova O. The Roles of Dietary, Nutritional and Lifestyle Interventions in Adipose Tissue Adaptation and Obesity. Curr Med Chem 2021; 28:1683-1702. [PMID: 32368968 DOI: 10.2174/0929867327666200505090449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2019] [Revised: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The obesity and the associated non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are globally increasing in their prevalence. While the modern-day lifestyle required less ventilation of metabolic energy through muscular activities, this lifestyle transition also provided the unlimited accession to foods around the clock, which prolong the daily eating period of foods that contained high calorie and high glycemic load. These situations promote the high continuous flux of carbon substrate availability in mitochondria and induce the indecisive bioenergetic switches. The disrupted bioenergetic milieu increases the uncoupling respiration due to the excess flow of the substrate-derived reducing equivalents and reduces ubiquinones into the respiratory chain. The diversion of the uncoupling proton gradient through adipocyte thermogenesis will then alleviate the damaging effects of free radicals to mitochondria and other organelles. The adaptive induction of white adipose tissues (WAT) to beige adipose tissues (beAT) has shown beneficial effects on glucose oxidation, ROS protection and mitochondrial function preservation through the uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1)-independent thermogenesis of beAT. However, the maladaptive stage can eventually initiate with the persistent unhealthy lifestyles. Under this metabolic gridlock, the low oxygen and pro-inflammatory environments promote the adipose breakdown with sequential metabolic dysregulation, including insulin resistance, systemic inflammation and clinical NCDs progression. It is unlikely that a single intervention can reverse all these complex interactions. A comprehensive protocol that includes dietary, nutritional and all modifiable lifestyle interventions, can be the preferable choice to decelerate, stop, or reverse the NCDs pathophysiologic processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Geir Bjørklund
- Council for Nutritional and Environmental Medicine (CONEM), Mo i Rana, Norway
| | - Torsak Tippairote
- Doctor of Philosophy Program in Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital and Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Maryam Dadar
- Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
| | | | - Jan Aaseth
- Research Department, Innlandet Hospital Trust, Brumunddal, Norway
| | - Olga Borisova
- Odesa I. I. Mechnikov National University, Odessa, Ukraine
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Doom JR, Reid BM, Nagel E, Gahagan S, Demerath EW, Lumeng JC. Integrating anthropometric and cardiometabolic health methods in stress, early experiences, and development (SEED) science. Dev Psychobiol 2021; 63:593-621. [PMID: 32901949 PMCID: PMC8113013 DOI: 10.1002/dev.22032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Within Stress, Early Experiences, and Development (SEED) science, there is a growing body of research demonstrating complex associations not only between stress, development, and psychopathology, but also with chronic disease risk factors. We argue that it is important for SEED researchers to consider including child anthropometric and physical health measures to more comprehensively capture processes of risk and resilience. Broader adoption of harmonized anthropometry and health measures in SEED research will facilitate collaborations, yielding larger datasets for research in high-risk populations, and greater opportunity to replicate existing findings. In this review, we identify optimal anthropometric and cardiometabolic health measurement methods used from infancy through adolescence, including those that are low-burden and inexpensive. Methods covered include: waist, hip, and head circumference, height, length, weight, pubertal development, body composition, blood pressure, arterial stiffness, carotid intima media thickness, and serum measures of cardiometabolic risk and inflammation. We provide resources for SEED researchers to integrate these methods into projects or to better understand these methods when reading the literature as well as where to find collaborators for more in-depth studies incorporating these measures. With broader integration of psychological and physical health measures in SEED research, we can better inform theory and interventions to promote health and resilience in individuals who have experienced early stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jenalee R Doom
- Department of Psychology, University of Denver, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Brie M Reid
- Institute of Child Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Emily Nagel
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Sheila Gahagan
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Ellen W Demerath
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, School of Public Health, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Julie C Lumeng
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Human Growth and Development, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Cui B, Peng F, Lu J, He B, Su Q, Luo H, Deng Z, Jiang T, Su K, Huang Y, Ud Din Z, Lam EWF, Kelley KW, Liu Q. Cancer and stress: NextGen strategies. Brain Behav Immun 2021; 93:368-383. [PMID: 33160090 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2020.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic stress is well-known to cause physiological distress that leads to body balance perturbations by altering signaling pathways in the neuroendocrine and sympathetic nervous systems. This increases allostatic load, which is the cost of physiological fluctuations that are required to cope with psychological challenges as well as changes in the physical environment. Recent studies have enriched our knowledge about the role of chronic stress in disease development, especially carcinogenesis. Stress stimulates the hypothalamic-pituitaryadrenal (HPA) axis and the sympathetic nervous system (SNS), resulting in an abnormal release of hormones. These activate signaling pathways that elevate expression of downstream oncogenes. This occurs by activation of specific receptors that promote numerous cancer biological processes, including proliferation, genomic instability, angiogenesis, metastasis, immune evasion and metabolic disorders. Moreover, accumulating evidence has revealed that β-adrenergic receptor (ADRB) antagonists and downstream target inhibitors exhibit remarkable anti-tumor effects. Psychosomatic behavioral interventions (PBI) and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) also effectively relieve the impact of stress in cancer patients. In this review, we discuss recent advances in the underlying mechanisms that are responsible for stress in promoting malignancies. Collectively, these data provide approaches for NextGen pharmacological therapies, PBI and TCM to reduce the burden of tumorigenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bai Cui
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, 9 West Section, Lvshun South Road, Dalian, Liaoning Province 116044, China; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, 651 Dongfeng East Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510060, China
| | - Fei Peng
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, 9 West Section, Lvshun South Road, Dalian, Liaoning Province 116044, China
| | - Jinxin Lu
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, 9 West Section, Lvshun South Road, Dalian, Liaoning Province 116044, China
| | - Bin He
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, 9 West Section, Lvshun South Road, Dalian, Liaoning Province 116044, China
| | - Qitong Su
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, 9 West Section, Lvshun South Road, Dalian, Liaoning Province 116044, China
| | - Huandong Luo
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, 9 West Section, Lvshun South Road, Dalian, Liaoning Province 116044, China
| | - Ziqian Deng
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, 9 West Section, Lvshun South Road, Dalian, Liaoning Province 116044, China
| | - Tonghui Jiang
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, 9 West Section, Lvshun South Road, Dalian, Liaoning Province 116044, China
| | - Keyu Su
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, 9 West Section, Lvshun South Road, Dalian, Liaoning Province 116044, China
| | - Yanping Huang
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, 9 West Section, Lvshun South Road, Dalian, Liaoning Province 116044, China
| | - Zaheer Ud Din
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, 9 West Section, Lvshun South Road, Dalian, Liaoning Province 116044, China
| | - Eric W-F Lam
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Keith W Kelley
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine and Department of Animal Sciences, College of ACES, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 212 Edward R. Madigan Laboratory, 1201 West Gregory Drive, Urbana, Il 61801, USA.
| | - Quentin Liu
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, 9 West Section, Lvshun South Road, Dalian, Liaoning Province 116044, China; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, 651 Dongfeng East Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510060, China.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Abstract
Obesity has a fundamental role in driving the global kidney disease burden. The perplexing relationship of obesity with chronic kidney disease remains debated. However, a thorough understanding of the interplay of obesity in conjunction with chronic kidney disease and appropriate management options is lacking, leading to further increases in morbidity and mortality. Moreover, underutilization of bariatric procedures and unrealistic expectations of weight reduction based on body mass index, leading to poor access to kidney transplantation, are fueling the fire. In this review, we summarize the available data related to the obesity and chronic kidney disease association and its novel management options.
Collapse
|
40
|
Stress System Activation Analysis in Greek Female Adolescents: A Bioimpedance Study. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1339:105-110. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-78787-5_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
41
|
Abstract
Sarcopenia describes low muscle mass and strength associated with ageing, whilst reduced physical performance indicates the severity of the condition. It can happen independently of other medical conditions and can be a key feature of the frailty phenotype. Frailty is a syndrome of increased vulnerability to incomplete resolution of homeostasis, following a stressor event. Researchers have described the implications of hypothalamic pituitary dysregulation in the pathogenesis of both entities. This review summarizes the recent evidence in this area as well as other endocrine factors such as insulin resistance and vitamin D status and outlines current research priorities. We conducted searches to PubMed and Embase databases for articles, reviews and studies reporting new data on the interaction between hormones of the endocrine system and frailty and/ or sarcopenia in the last 5 years. Interventional studies, cohort studies, case-control studies and animal studies were included. Clinical trials register was also searched to identify ongoing relevant studies. Studies have given us insights into the complex relationships between factors such as anabolic hormones, glucocorticoids and vitamin D on muscle strength and performance and their involvement in ageing phenotypes. However, robust randomized controlled trials are needed to consolidate existing evidence in humans and inform clinical practice. Current evidence supports hormone replacement in patients with confirmed deficiencies, to optimize health and prevent complications. Hormone replacement has limited use for age-related conditions. Current interest is focused on muscle/bone/fat interactions and health outcomes in "sarcopenic obesity." A life-course approach to improving 'health-span' is advocated. Lifestyle factors such as nutrition and physical activity have important interactions with body composition, physical function and metabolic outcomes. Large-scale clinical trials will determine the efficacy and long-term safety of hormone supplementation in the management of sarcopenia and frailty.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vicky Kamwa
- Musculoskeletal Endocrinology Research Group, Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, UK - .,Academic Metabolic Bone Unit, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK - .,Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, The University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK -
| | - Carly Welch
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, The University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Zaki K Hassan-Smith
- Musculoskeletal Endocrinology Research Group, Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, UK.,Academic Metabolic Bone Unit, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Jyväkorpi SK, Urtamo A, Kivimäki M, Salomaa V, Strandberg TE. Association of midlife body composition with old-age health-related quality of life, mortality, and reaching 90 years of age: a 32-year follow-up of a male cohort. Am J Clin Nutr 2020; 112:1287-1294. [PMID: 32844221 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqaa230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Overweight and obesity increase the risk of morbidity and mortality. The relations between body composition at midlife, health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in old age, and longevity are, however, less studied. OBJECTIVES We examined the association of midlife body composition with successful aging, defined as high HRQoL and reaching 90 y of age, during 32 y follow-up. METHODS Participants were 1354 men from the Helsinki Businessmen Study, born 1919-1934. In 1985/1986 (mean age: 60 y) various health measurements were performed. Percentages of body fat (BF) and skeletal muscle mass (SM) were calculated using validated formulas (including waist and hip circumferences, weight, and age) and divided into quartiles. In 2000 and 2007 (mean ages: 74 and 80 y, respectively), HRQoL was assessed using RAND-36/Short Form-36 scales. Mortality was retrieved from registers through 2018, and longevity determined by calculating the proportion of participants reaching 90 y. Logistic regression was used to assess ORs with 95% CIs. RESULTS Higher SM% at midlife in 1985/1986 was associated (P < 0.05) with higher scores in the RAND-36 scales of physical functioning, role limitations caused by physical health problems, vitality, social functioning, and general health in old age in 2000. In 2007 only the association with physical domain (physical functioning, role limitations caused by physical health problems) remained statistically significant (P < 0.01). BF% quartiles in 1985/1986 were inversely associated with several RAND-36 scales in 2000 and 2007. During the 32-y follow-up, 982 participants died and 281 reached 90 y of age. Being in the highest SM% quartile at midlife increased (adjusted OR: 2.32; 95% CI: 1.53, 3.53; lowest SM% quartile as reference) and being in the highest BF% quartile decreased (OR: 0.43; 95% CI: 0.28, 0.66; lowest BF% quartile as reference) the odds of reaching 90 y. CONCLUSIONS Desirable body composition in terms of both fat and skeletal muscle mass at midlife was associated with successful aging in men.This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02526082.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Satu K Jyväkorpi
- University of Helsinki, Clinicum and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Annele Urtamo
- University of Helsinki, Clinicum and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mika Kivimäki
- University of Helsinki, Clinicum and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Veikko Salomaa
- THL-National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Timo E Strandberg
- University of Helsinki, Clinicum and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.,Center for Life Course Health Research, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Bacopoulou F, Landis GN, Pałasz A, Tsitsika A, Vlachakis D, Tsarouhas K, Tsitsimpikou C, Stefanaki C, Kouretas D, Efthymiou V. Identifying early abdominal obesity risk in adolescents by telemedicine: A cross-sectional study in Greece. Food Chem Toxicol 2020. [DOI: https:/doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2020.111532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
|
44
|
Bacopoulou F, Landis GN, Pałasz A, Tsitsika A, Vlachakis D, Tsarouhas K, Tsitsimpikou C, Stefanaki C, Kouretas D, Efthymiou V. Identifying early abdominal obesity risk in adolescents by telemedicine: A cross-sectional study in Greece. Food Chem Toxicol 2020; 144:111532. [PMID: 32645466 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2020.111532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Obesity and thus, lipotoxicity, is a major health risk factor. Modern exposure to environmental chemicals has contributed significantly to the obesity epidemic. The purpose of this study was to assess, via telemedicine and using bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) in schools, the levels of adiposity and other body composition parameters of Greek adolescents in relation with their metabolic syndrome (MetS) characteristics. A representative sample (1575 adolescents, 14.4 ± 1.7 years-old) of the Attica region population, underwent body composition assessment of fat mass (FM), fat-free mass (FFM), and total body water (TBW) and was evaluated for anthropometric and MetS characteristics. Males demonstrated higher FFM% and TBW% but lower FM% than females. Adolescents with abdominal obesity/MetS (n = 149/n = 40) demonstrated significantly (P < 0.001) higher body mass index (BMI 27.8 ± 3.8 kg/m2/30.2 ± 4.2 kg/m2) and FM (33.6 ± 9.7%/35.0 ± 10.5%) but significantly (P < 0.001) lower FFM (34.2 ± 5.7%/33.8 ± 6.2%) and TBW (45.6 ± 6.7%/44.6 ± 7.2%) than adolescents without abdominal obesity/MetS (BMI 20.9 ± 2.8 kg/m2/21.3 ± 3.2 kg/m2; FM 19.2 ± 6.9%/20.2 ± 8.0%; FFM 41.3 ± 4.4%/40.8 ± 4.8%; TBW 55.5 ± 4.8%/54.8 ± 5.5%). Findings suggest that early "osteosarcopenic" elements of abdominal obesity/MetS may exist even in adolescence. The application of BIA, incorporated in the new approach methodology of telemedicine in schools, identified adolescents at risk for obesity complications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Flora Bacopoulou
- Center for Adolescent Medicine and UNESCO Chair on Adolescent Health Care, First Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Aghia Sophia Children's Hospital, 1 Thivon Street, Athens, 11527, Greece.
| | - Georgios N Landis
- Center for Adolescent Medicine and UNESCO Chair on Adolescent Health Care, First Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Aghia Sophia Children's Hospital, 1 Thivon Street, Athens, 11527, Greece.
| | - Artur Pałasz
- Department of Histology, School of Medicine in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, ul. Medyków 18, 40-752, Katowice, Poland.
| | - Artemis Tsitsika
- Adolescent Health Unit, Second Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, P. & A. Kyriakou Children's Hospital, Thivon & Levadeias Streets, Athens, 11527, Greece.
| | - Dimitrios Vlachakis
- Laboratory of Genetics, Department of Biotechnology, School of Food, Biotechnology and Development, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece; Department of Informatics, Faculty of Natural and Mathematical Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.
| | | | - Christina Tsitsimpikou
- General Chemical State Laboratory of Greece, 16 An. Tsocha Street, Athens, 11521, Greece.
| | - Charikleia Stefanaki
- Center for Adolescent Medicine and UNESCO Chair on Adolescent Health Care, First Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Aghia Sophia Children's Hospital, 1 Thivon Street, Athens, 11527, Greece.
| | - Dimitrios Kouretas
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece.
| | - Vasiliki Efthymiou
- Center for Adolescent Medicine and UNESCO Chair on Adolescent Health Care, First Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Aghia Sophia Children's Hospital, 1 Thivon Street, Athens, 11527, Greece.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Zalachoras I, Hollis F, Ramos-Fernández E, Trovo L, Sonnay S, Geiser E, Preitner N, Steiner P, Sandi C, Morató L. Therapeutic potential of glutathione-enhancers in stress-related psychopathologies. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2020; 114:134-155. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
|
46
|
Sexual Dimorphism of Heart Rate Variability in Adolescence: A Case-Control Study on Depression, Anxiety, Stress Levels, Body Composition, and Heart Rate Variability in Adolescents with Impaired Fasting Glucose. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17082688. [PMID: 32295195 PMCID: PMC7216092 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17082688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Revised: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Prediabetes in the form of impaired fasting glucose, impaired glucose tolerance, or both is considered as a preliminary stage for the onset of diabetes and diabetic complications. Hormonal fluctuations in adolescence are accompanied by body composition modifications, which are associated with insulin resistance and subclinical inflammation. Bioimpedance (BIA) accurately evaluates body composition, and heart rate variability (HRV) assesses cardiac autonomic function, which are frequently afflicted by insulin resistance. We aimed at evaluating the effect of glycemic status on mental stress, anxiety, and depression status in adolescents with impaired fasting glucose, body composition, and HRV parameters. This is a case-control study to evaluate the effect of the hyperglycemia on depression, anxiety, and stress levels (DASS21 questionnaire), body composition (BIA-ACC—BIOTEKNA©), and HRV (PPG Stress Flow—BIOTEKNA©), between euglycemic adolescents (euglycemic group) and adolescents with impaired fasting glucose (prediabetic group), aged 12–20 years. No differences were found between the prediabetic (n = 13) and the euglycemic (n = 16) groups in the outcome measures, possibly due to the number of participants. Interestingly, females, irrespective of their glycemic status, exhibited altered sympathovagal function as revealed by impaired HRV. In the euglycemic group, HRV parameters were significantly correlated and in line with the DASS21 scores, but in the prediabetic group, similarities to those of adults were observed. Impaired fasting glucose had no impact on mental health, body composition, or HRV parameters in adolescents. HRV parameters were impaired in females, irrespective of their glycemic status. This finding implies that females seem to be more prone to stress disorders, even from a young age. Future studies are needed to confirm these findings.
Collapse
|
47
|
Bani Hassan E, Ghasem-Zadeh A, Imani M, Kutaiba N, Wright DK, Sepehrizadeh T, Duque G. Bone Marrow Adipose Tissue Quantification by Imaging. Curr Osteoporos Rep 2019; 17:416-428. [PMID: 31713178 DOI: 10.1007/s11914-019-00539-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The significance and roles of marrow adipose tissue (MAT) are increasingly known, and it is no more considered a passive fat storage but a tissue with significant paracrine and endocrine activities that can cause lipotoxicity and inflammation. RECENT FINDINGS Changes in the MAT volume and fatty acid composition appear to drive bone and hematopoietic marrow deterioration, and studying it may open new horizons to predict bone fragility and anemia development. MAT has the potential to negatively impact bone volume and strength through several mechanisms that are partially described by inflammaging and lipotoxicity terminology. Evidence indicates paramount importance of MAT in age-associated decline of bone and red marrow structure and function. Currently, MAT measurement is being tested and validated by several techniques. However, purpose-specific adaptation of existing imaging technologies and, more importantly, development of new modalities to quantitatively measure MAT are yet to be done.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ebrahim Bani Hassan
- Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), The University of Melbourne and Western Health, St. Albans, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medicine-Western Health, The University of Melbourne, St. Albans, VIC, Australia
| | - Ali Ghasem-Zadeh
- Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), The University of Melbourne and Western Health, St. Albans, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medicine and Endocrinology, Austin Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Mahdi Imani
- Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), The University of Melbourne and Western Health, St. Albans, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medicine-Western Health, The University of Melbourne, St. Albans, VIC, Australia
| | - Numan Kutaiba
- Austin Health, Department of Radiology, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
| | - David K Wright
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Tara Sepehrizadeh
- Monash Biomedical Imaging, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Gustavo Duque
- Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), The University of Melbourne and Western Health, St. Albans, VIC, Australia.
- Department of Medicine-Western Health, The University of Melbourne, St. Albans, VIC, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Probiotics in Adolescent Prediabetes: A Pilot RCT on Glycemic Control and Intestinal Bacteriome. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8101743. [PMID: 31640224 PMCID: PMC6832390 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8101743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Revised: 10/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysbiosis of intestinal ecology could be implicated in prediabetes. The aim of this pilot randomized controlled trial (RCT) was to collect preliminary data on the effects of probiotic supplementation (Vivomixx©) on markers of glucose metabolism, intestinal microbiome composition, and intestinal health indices, of prediabetic adolescents. The intervention group was administered probiotic sachets twice daily for 4 months, while both intervention and control groups received weekly consultation sessions for a healthier lifestyle. Thirty-two participants were recruited (1.3 participants per month) and were randomized (16 in control and 16 in intervention group). Fifteen of them signed the inform consent and never entered the study (6 in control and 9 in intervention group). Thus, seventeen participants completed the study (10 in control and 7 in intervention group), with no serious adverse events. After the 4-month intervention, no difference was observed in the markers of glycemic control between the two groups, although a minor effect was observed for fasting glucose at 1-month, probably due to the initial higher adherence to the probiotic supplements. Modifications of the protocol procedures are warranted because of the high attrition rates and suboptimal compliance that were noted. Future studies and further RCTs with larger samples need to be conducted to fully elucidate the potential effects of probiotics in the glycemic control of prediabetic adolescents.
Collapse
|
49
|
Stefanaki C, Bacopoulou F, Kandaraki E, Boschiero D, Diamandi-Kandarakis E. Lean Women on Metformin and Oral Contraceptives for Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Demonstrate a Dehydrated Osteosarcopenic Phenotype: A Pilot Study. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11092055. [PMID: 31480705 PMCID: PMC6769734 DOI: 10.3390/nu11092055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Revised: 08/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Scarce data exist on the body composition of lean women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) on treatment with metformin and oral contraceptives (OCs). Thirty-four lean (body mass index 18.5–24.9 kg/m2) women (17 with PCOS on metformin and OCs treatment for six months and 17 controls) aged 18–40 years were assessed for body composition parameters (fat, muscle, glycogen, protein masses, bone masses, and body water compartments) and phase angles. PCOS patients demonstrated lower muscle, glycogen and protein masses (U = 60, p = 0.003), along with a lower bone mineral content and mass (U = 78, p = 0.021; U = 74, p = 0.014) than their healthy counterparts, while total and abdominal fat masses were similar between the two groups. PCOS patients also exhibited increased extracellular body water (U = 10, p < 0.001) and decreased intracellular water, compatible with low-grade inflammation and cellular dehydration. Key differences in body composition between women with PCOS and controls demonstrated an osteosarcopenic body composition phenotype in PCOS patients. A confirmation of these findings in larger studies may render osteosarcopenia management a targeted adjunct therapy in women with PCOS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Charikleia Stefanaki
- Center for Adolescent Medicine and UNESCO Chair on Adolescent Health Care, First Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Aghia Sophia Children's Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece.
| | - Flora Bacopoulou
- Center for Adolescent Medicine and UNESCO Chair on Adolescent Health Care, First Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Aghia Sophia Children's Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Eleni Kandaraki
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Hygeia Hospital, 15123 Athens, Greece
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Nold V, Sweatman C, Karabatsiakis A, Böck C, Bretschneider T, Lawless N, Fundel-Clemens K, Kolassa IT, Allers KA. Activation of the kynurenine pathway and mitochondrial respiration to face allostatic load in a double-hit model of stress. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2019; 107:148-159. [PMID: 31129488 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2019.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Revised: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Allostasis is the process by which the body's physiological systems adapt to environmental changes. Chronic stress increases the allostatic load to the body, producing wear and tear that could, over time, become pathological. In this study, young adult male Wistar Kyoto rats were exposed to an unpredictable chronic mild stress (uCMS) protocol to increase allostatic load. First, physiological systems which may be affected by extended uCMS exposure were assessed. Secondly, 5 weeks of uCMS were used to investigate early adaptations in the previously selected systems. Adverse experiences during developmentally sensitive periods like adolescence are known to severely alter the individual stress vulnerability with long-lasting effects. To elucidate how early life adversity impacts stress reactivity in adulthood, an additional group with juvenile single-housing (JSH) prior to uCMS was included in the second cohort. The aim of this work was to assess the impact of chronic stress with or without adversity during adolescence on two domains known to be impacted in numerous stress-related disorders: mitochondrial energy metabolism and the immune system. Both, uCMS and adolescence stress increased kynurenine and kynurenic acid in plasma, suggesting a protective, anti-oxidant response from the kynurenine pathway. Furthermore, uCMS resulted in a down-regulation of immediate early gene expression in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus, while only rats with the double-hit of adolescent stress and uCMS demonstrated increased mitochondrial activity in the hippocampus. These results suggest that early life adversity may impact on allostatic load by increasing energetic requirements in the brain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V Nold
- Clinical & Biological Psychology, Institute of Psychology and Education, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 47, Ulm, Germany; Central Nervous System Disease Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Birkendorferstraße 65, Biberach a. d. Riss, Germany
| | - C Sweatman
- Central Nervous System Disease Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Birkendorferstraße 65, Biberach a. d. Riss, Germany
| | - A Karabatsiakis
- Clinical & Biological Psychology, Institute of Psychology and Education, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 47, Ulm, Germany
| | - C Böck
- Clinical & Biological Psychology, Institute of Psychology and Education, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 47, Ulm, Germany
| | - T Bretschneider
- Drug Discovery Sciences, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Birkendorferstraße 65, Biberach a. d. Riss, Germany
| | - N Lawless
- Target Discovery Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co KG, Birkendorferstraße 65, Biberach a.d. Riss, Germany
| | - K Fundel-Clemens
- Target Discovery Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co KG, Birkendorferstraße 65, Biberach a.d. Riss, Germany
| | - I-T Kolassa
- Clinical & Biological Psychology, Institute of Psychology and Education, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 47, Ulm, Germany
| | - K A Allers
- Central Nervous System Disease Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Birkendorferstraße 65, Biberach a. d. Riss, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|