1
|
Fan X, Yang M, Lang Y, Lu S, Kong Z, Gao Y, Shen N, Zhang D, Lv Z. Mitochondrial metabolic reprogramming in diabetic kidney disease. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:442. [PMID: 38910210 PMCID: PMC11194272 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06833-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease, known as a glomerular disease, arises from a metabolic disorder impairing renal cell function. Mitochondria, crucial organelles, play a key role in substance metabolism via oxidative phosphorylation to generate ATP. Cells undergo metabolic reprogramming as a compensatory mechanism to fulfill energy needs for survival and growth, attracting scholarly attention in recent years. Studies indicate that mitochondrial metabolic reprogramming significantly influences the pathophysiological progression of DKD. Alterations in kidney metabolism lead to abnormal expression of signaling molecules and activation of pathways, inducing oxidative stress-related cellular damage, inflammatory responses, apoptosis, and autophagy irregularities, culminating in renal fibrosis and insufficiency. This review delves into the impact of mitochondrial metabolic reprogramming on DKD pathogenesis, emphasizing the regulation of metabolic regulators and downstream signaling pathways. Therapeutic interventions targeting renal metabolic reprogramming can potentially delay DKD progression. The findings underscore the importance of focusing on metabolic reprogramming to develop safer and more effective therapeutic approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoting Fan
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Meilin Yang
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Yating Lang
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Shangwei Lu
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Zhijuan Kong
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Ying Gao
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Ning Shen
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Dongdong Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Zhimei Lv
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China.
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Dunne S, Gibney ER, McGillicuddy FC, Feeney EL. The effects of saturated fat intake from dairy on CVD markers: the role of food matrices. Proc Nutr Soc 2024:1-9. [PMID: 38316603 DOI: 10.1017/s0029665124000132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
CVD is the leading cause of death worldwide, and is commonly associated with modifiable risk factors. Most studies to date examining link between food intake and risk of CVD, have focused on modulation of plasma cholesterol concentrations (total cholesterol (TC), LDL-C). However, recent studies suggest LDL particle size is a more sensitive risk marker for CVD with smaller, dense LDL particles reported as more atherogenic than larger, more buoyant LDL. Although dietary guidelines recommend SFA intake of < 10 % of total energy, this does not consider food source, with recent evidence suggesting differing, sometimes beneficial, lipid responses following consumption of SFA from dairy compared to other food sources. This may be from differences in the physical food matrices, the nutrient content of the foods, and/or how these components interact with each other, described as a 'dairy matrix effect'. Dietary fat not only raises LDL-C, but also HDL cholesterol (HDL-C), associated with reduced CVD risk. HDL particles are complex emulsions of lipids, proteins and microRNAs that exhibit atheroprotective properties. In addition, HDL particles exhibit a very heterogeneous proteomic composition, dependent on a person's disease state - with a more pro-inflammatory proteome evident in patients with established CVD. This review will discuss the evidence to date on the importance of the food matrix in modulating response to dietary SFA and impact on CVD risk factors. A focus on potential biomarker properties of lipoprotein particles beyond cholesterol and current use of such biomarkers in human nutrition research will be considered.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simone Dunne
- Food for Health Ireland, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Republic of Ireland
- UCD Institute for Food and Health, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Republic of Ireland
| | - Eileen R Gibney
- Food for Health Ireland, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Republic of Ireland
- UCD Institute for Food and Health, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Republic of Ireland
| | - Fiona C McGillicuddy
- UCD Diabetes Complications Research Centre, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Republic of Ireland
| | - Emma L Feeney
- Food for Health Ireland, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Republic of Ireland
- UCD Institute for Food and Health, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Republic of Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zeng Q, Gao H, Yin S, Peng Y, Yang F, Fu Y, Deng X, Chen Y, Hou X, Wang Q, Jin Z, Song G, He J, Yin Y, Xu K. Genome-Wide Association Study and Identification of Candidate Genes for Intramuscular Fat Fatty Acid Composition in Ningxiang Pigs. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:3192. [PMID: 37893916 PMCID: PMC10603709 DOI: 10.3390/ani13203192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Ningxiang pigs exhibit a diverse array of fatty acids, making them an intriguing model for exploring the genetic underpinnings of fatty acid metabolism. We conducted a genome-wide association study using a dataset comprising 50,697 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and samples from over 600 Ningxiang pigs. Our investigation yielded novel candidate genes linked to five saturated fatty acids (SFAs), four monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs), and five polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). Significant associations with SFAs, MUFAs, and PUFAs were found for 37, 21, and 16 SNPs, respectively. Notably, some SNPs have significant PVE, such as ALGA0047587, which can explain 89.85% variation in Arachidic acid (C20:0); H3GA0046208 and DRGA0016063 can explain a total of 76.76% variation in Elaidic Acid (C18:1n-9(t)), and the significant SNP ALGA0031262 of Arachidonic acid (C20:4n-6) can explain 31.76% of the variation. Several significant SNPs were positioned proximally to previously reported genes. In total, we identified 11 candidate genes (hnRNPU, CEPT1, ATP1B1, DPT, DKK1, PRKG1, EXT2, MEF2C, IL17RA, ITGA1 and ALOX5), six candidate genes (ALOX5AP, MEDAG, ISL1, RXRB, CRY1, and CDKAL1), and five candidate genes (NDUFA4L2, SLC16A7, OTUB1, EIF4E and ROBO2) associated with SFAs, MUFAs, and PUFAs, respectively. These findings hold great promise for advancing breeding strategies aimed at optimizing meat quality and enhancing lipid metabolism within the intramuscular fat (IMF) of Ningxiang pigs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qinghua Zeng
- Animal Nutrition Genome and Germplasm Innovation Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Hu Gao
- Animal Nutrition Genome and Germplasm Innovation Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
- Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Physiology and Metabolism, The Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Shishu Yin
- Animal Nutrition Genome and Germplasm Innovation Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Yinglin Peng
- Hunan Institute of Animal & Veterinary Science, Changsha 410131, China
| | - Fang Yang
- Animal Nutrition Genome and Germplasm Innovation Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Yawei Fu
- Animal Nutrition Genome and Germplasm Innovation Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
- Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Physiology and Metabolism, The Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Deng
- Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Physiology and Metabolism, The Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Yue Chen
- Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Physiology and Metabolism, The Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Xiaohong Hou
- Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Physiology and Metabolism, The Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Animal Nutrition Genome and Germplasm Innovation Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
- Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Physiology and Metabolism, The Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Zhao Jin
- Animal Nutrition Genome and Germplasm Innovation Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
- Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Physiology and Metabolism, The Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Gang Song
- Animal Nutrition Genome and Germplasm Innovation Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
- Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Physiology and Metabolism, The Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Jun He
- Animal Nutrition Genome and Germplasm Innovation Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Yulong Yin
- Animal Nutrition Genome and Germplasm Innovation Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
- Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Physiology and Metabolism, The Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Kang Xu
- Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Physiology and Metabolism, The Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Chen S, Su X, Feng Y, Li R, Liao M, Fan L, Liu J, Chen S, Zhang S, Cai J, Zhu S, Niu J, Ye Y, Lo K, Zeng F. Ketogenic Diet and Multiple Health Outcomes: An Umbrella Review of Meta-Analysis. Nutrients 2023; 15:4161. [PMID: 37836444 PMCID: PMC10574428 DOI: 10.3390/nu15194161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies have examined the effects of ketogenic diets (KD) on health-related outcomes through meta-analyses. However, the presence of biases may compromise the reliability of conclusions. Therefore, we conducted an umbrella review to collate and appraise the strength of evidence on the efficacy of KD interventions. We conducted a comprehensive search on PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Database until April 2023 to identify meta-analyses that investigated the treatment effects of KD for multiple health conditions, which yielded 23 meta-analyses for quantitative analyses. The evidence suggests that KD could increase the levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), total cholesterol (TC) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), the respiratory exchange rate (RER), and could decrease total testosterone and testosterone levels (all p-random effects: <0.05). The combination of KD and physical activity can significantly reduce body weight and increase the levels of LDL-C and cortisol. In addition, KD was associated with seizure reduction in children, which can be explained by the ketosis state as induced by the diet. Furthermore, KD demonstrated a better alleviation effect in refractory childhood epilepsy, in terms of median effective rates for seizure reduction of ≥50%, ≥90%, and seizure freedom. However, the strength of evidence supporting the aforementioned associations was generally weak, thereby challenging their credibility. Consequently, future studies should prioritize stringent research protocols to ascertain whether KD interventions with longer intervention periods hold promise as a viable treatment option for various diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shiyun Chen
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, No. 601 Huangpu Road West, Guangzhou 510632, China; (S.C.); (X.S.); (Y.F.); (R.L.); (J.L.); (S.C.); (S.Z.); (J.C.); (S.Z.)
| | - Xin Su
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, No. 601 Huangpu Road West, Guangzhou 510632, China; (S.C.); (X.S.); (Y.F.); (R.L.); (J.L.); (S.C.); (S.Z.); (J.C.); (S.Z.)
| | - Yonghui Feng
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, No. 601 Huangpu Road West, Guangzhou 510632, China; (S.C.); (X.S.); (Y.F.); (R.L.); (J.L.); (S.C.); (S.Z.); (J.C.); (S.Z.)
| | - Ruojie Li
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, No. 601 Huangpu Road West, Guangzhou 510632, China; (S.C.); (X.S.); (Y.F.); (R.L.); (J.L.); (S.C.); (S.Z.); (J.C.); (S.Z.)
| | - Minqi Liao
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum Munich-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstadt Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany;
| | - Laina Fan
- Department of Clinical Medicine, International School, Jinan University, No. 601 Huangpu Road West, Guangzhou 510632, China;
| | - Jiazi Liu
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, No. 601 Huangpu Road West, Guangzhou 510632, China; (S.C.); (X.S.); (Y.F.); (R.L.); (J.L.); (S.C.); (S.Z.); (J.C.); (S.Z.)
| | - Shasha Chen
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, No. 601 Huangpu Road West, Guangzhou 510632, China; (S.C.); (X.S.); (Y.F.); (R.L.); (J.L.); (S.C.); (S.Z.); (J.C.); (S.Z.)
| | - Shiwen Zhang
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, No. 601 Huangpu Road West, Guangzhou 510632, China; (S.C.); (X.S.); (Y.F.); (R.L.); (J.L.); (S.C.); (S.Z.); (J.C.); (S.Z.)
| | - Jun Cai
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, No. 601 Huangpu Road West, Guangzhou 510632, China; (S.C.); (X.S.); (Y.F.); (R.L.); (J.L.); (S.C.); (S.Z.); (J.C.); (S.Z.)
| | - Sui Zhu
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, No. 601 Huangpu Road West, Guangzhou 510632, China; (S.C.); (X.S.); (Y.F.); (R.L.); (J.L.); (S.C.); (S.Z.); (J.C.); (S.Z.)
| | - Jianxiang Niu
- General Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, No. 1 Tongdao North Road, Hohhot 010000, China;
| | - Yanbin Ye
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China;
| | - Kenneth Lo
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong 100872, China
- Research Institute for Future Food, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong 100872, China
| | - Fangfang Zeng
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, No. 601 Huangpu Road West, Guangzhou 510632, China; (S.C.); (X.S.); (Y.F.); (R.L.); (J.L.); (S.C.); (S.Z.); (J.C.); (S.Z.)
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Bekele TH, Trijsburg L, Brouwer ID, de Vries JH, Covic N, Kennedy G, Alemayehu D, Feskens EJ. Dietary Recommendations for Ethiopians on the Basis of Priority Diet-Related Diseases and Causes of Death in Ethiopia: An Umbrella Review. Adv Nutr 2023; 14:895-913. [PMID: 37182739 PMCID: PMC10334157 DOI: 10.1016/j.advnut.2023.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Food-based dietary guidelines (FBDG) need to be evidence-based. As part of the development of Ethiopian FBDG, we conducted an umbrella review to develop dietary recommendations. Protein-energy malnutrition (PEM), deficiencies of vitamin A, zinc, calcium, or folate, cardiovascular diseases (CVD), and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) were selected as a priority. Systematic reviews were eligible if they investigated the impact of foods, food groups, diet, or dietary patterns on priority diseases. After a search, 1513 articles were identified in PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar published from January 2014 to December 2021. The results showed that 19 out of 164 systematic reviews reported the impact of diet on PEM or micronutrient deficiencies. Daily 30-90 g whole-grain consumption reduces risk of CVD and T2DM. Pulses improve protein status, and consuming 50-150 g/d is associated with a reduced incidence of CVD and T2DM. Nuts are a good source of minerals, and consuming 15-35 g/d improves antioxidant status and is inversely associated with CVD risk. A daily intake of 200-300 mL of milk and dairy foods is a good source of calcium and contributes to bone mineral density. Limiting processed meat intake to <50 g/d reduces CVD risk. Fruits and vegetables are good sources of vitamins A and C. CVD and T2DM risks are reduced by consuming 200-300 g of vegetables plus fruits daily. Daily sugar consumption should be below 10% of total energy to lower risk of obesity, CVD, and T2DM. Plant-based fat has favorable nutrient profiles and modest saturated fat content. The association of saturated fatty acids with CVD and T2DM is inconclusive, but intake should be limited because of the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol-raising effect. Plant-based diets lower risk of CVD and T2DM but reduce micronutrient bioavailability. The review concludes with 9 key dietary recommendations proposed to be implemented in the Ethiopian FBDG. This review was registered at PROSPERO (CRD42019125490).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tesfaye Hailu Bekele
- Food Science and Nutrition Research Directorate, Ethiopian Public Health Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Laura Trijsburg
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Inge D Brouwer
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jeanne Hm de Vries
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Namukolo Covic
- Poverty, Health and Nutrition Division, International Food Policy Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Gina Kennedy
- Knowledge Leadership, Global Alliance for Improved Nutrition, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Dawit Alemayehu
- Food Science and Nutrition Research Directorate, Ethiopian Public Health Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Edith Jm Feskens
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Dunne S, McGillicuddy FC, Gibney ER, Feeney EL. Role of food matrix in modulating dairy fat induced changes in lipoprotein particle size distribution in a human intervention. Am J Clin Nutr 2023; 117:111-120. [PMID: 36789929 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2022.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intake of dairy fat within the matrix of cheese lowered circulating LDL cholesterol concentration to a greater extent than the same components consumed separately as butter, protein, and calcium. However, circulating LDL cholesterol is not indicative of concentration or size of LDL particles (LDL-P), which are recognized as more sensitive risk markers of CVD. OBJECTIVES This was an exploratory analysis to investigate the role of the food matrix on lipoprotein particle size distribution, after a dairy fat intervention, in overweight adults aged ≥50 y. METHODS Lipoprotein particle size distribution was measured in fasting EDTA blood samples taken at week 0 (baseline) and at week 6, using NMR. In total, 127 participants (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2, aged ≥50 y) received ∼42 g dairy fat in 1 of 4 treatments: group A, 120 g full-fat cheddar cheese (FFCC); group B, reduced-fat cheese plus butter (RFC+B); group C, butter, calcium caseinate powder, and calcium supplement (CaCO3) (BCC); or group D, 120 g FFCC (as per group A) but after a 6-wk washout period during which they excluded cheese before intervention. RESULTS Total VLDL and chylomicron particles (VLDL/CM-P) decreased after intervention. There was a strong correlation between reduced VLDL/CM-P and a reduction in small proatherogenic VLDL-P (r = 0.888, P < 0.001). Reductions in total LDL-P were associated with a reduction in small LDL-P and, to a lesser extent, with large LDL-P. There was a significant main effect of treatment for change in intermediate-density lipoprotein particles (IDL-P) after the intervention (P = 0.023) between groups B and D (-46.86 ± 30.38 and 40.69 ± 32.72 nmol/L, respectively). HDL particle (HDL-P) parameters (diameter, concentration, or size distribution) were not affected by diet. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that reductions in LDL cholesterol observed with dairy fat consumption are driven by reductions in LDL-P concentration. A trend toward a less atherogenic profile was observed, but there was no clear effect of the individual food matrices. This trial was registered at ISRCTN as ISRCTN86731958.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simone Dunne
- Food for Health Ireland, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; UCD Institute for Food and Health, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Fiona C McGillicuddy
- UCD Diabetes Complications Research Centre, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Eileen R Gibney
- Food for Health Ireland, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; UCD Institute for Food and Health, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Emma L Feeney
- Food for Health Ireland, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; UCD Institute for Food and Health, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
The Controlled Semi-Solid Fermentation of Seaweeds as a Strategy for Their Stabilization and New Food Applications. Foods 2022; 11:foods11182811. [PMID: 36140940 PMCID: PMC9497830 DOI: 10.3390/foods11182811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
For centuries, macroalgae, or seaweeds, have been a significant part of East Asian diets. In Europe, seaweeds are not considered traditional foods, even though they are increasingly popular in Western diets in human food applications. In this study, a biological processing method based on semi-solid fermentation was optimized for the treatment of the seaweed Gracilaria gracilis. For the first time, selected lactic acid bacteria and non-conventional coagulase-negative staphylococci were used as starter preparations for driving a bio-processing and bio-stabilization of raw macroalga material to obtain new seaweed-based food prototypes for human consumption. Definite food safety and process hygiene criteria were identified and successfully applied. The obtained fermented products did not show any presence of pathogenic or spoilage microorganisms, thereby indicating safety and good shelf life. Lactobacillus acidophilus-treated seaweeds revealed higher α-amylase, protease, lipase, endo-cellulase, and endo-xylanase activity than in the untreated sample. This fermented sample showed a balanced n-6/n-3 fatty acid ratio. SBM-11 (Lactobacillus sakei, Staphylococcus carnosus and Staphylococcus xylosus) and PROMIX 1 (Staphylococcus xylosus) treated samples showed fatty acid compositions that were considered of good nutritional quality and contained relevant amounts of isoprenoids (vitamin E and A). All the starters improved the nutritional value of the seaweeds by significantly reducing the insoluble indigestible fractions. Preliminary data were obtained on the cytocompatibility of G. gracilis fermented products by in vitro tests. This approach served as a valid strategy for the easy bio-stabilization of this valuable but perishable food resource and could boost its employment for newly designed seaweed-based food products.
Collapse
|
8
|
Wongsirojkul N, Masuta A, Shimokawa N, Takagi M. Control of Line Tension at Phase-Separated Lipid Domain Boundaries: Monounsaturated Fatty Acids with Different Chain Lengths and Osmotic Pressure. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:membranes12080781. [PMID: 36005696 PMCID: PMC9415386 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12080781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Line tension at phase-separated lipid domain boundaries is an important factor that governs the stability of the phase separation. We studied the control of the line tension in lipid membranes composed of dioleoylphosphocholine (DOPC), dipalmitoylphosphocholine (DPPC), and cholesterol (Chol) by the addition of the following three monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) with different chain lengths: palmitoleic acid (PaA), oleic acid (OA), and eicosenoic acid (EiA). In addition, we attempted to alter the line tension by applying osmotic pressure. The phase behavior of the MUFA-containing lipid membranes in the presence and absence of osmotic stress was observed by fluorescence and confocal laser scanning microscopy. The line tension was quantitatively measured from the domain boundary fluctuation by flicker spectroscopy, and the interactions between the lipids and MUFAs were examined by differential scanning calorimetry. PaA and OA, which are shorter MUFAs, decreased the line tension, whereas EiA changed the liquid domain to a solid domain. The osmotic pressure increased the line tension, even in the presence of MUFAs. It may be possible to control the line tension by combining the chemical approach of MUFA addition and the physical approach of applying osmotic pressure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Masahiro Takagi
- Correspondence: (N.S.); (M.T.); Tel.: +81-761-51-1650 (M.T.)
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Zhou L, Wang L, Ma N, Wan Y, Qian W. Real-time monitoring of interactions between dietary fibers and lipid layer and their impact on the lipolysis process. Food Hydrocoll 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2021.107445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
|
10
|
Xu Y, Xiong J, Gao W, Wang X, Shan S, Zhao L, Cheng G. Dietary Fat and Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Intakes during Childhood Are Prospectively Associated with Puberty Timing Independent of Dietary Protein. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14020275. [PMID: 35057456 PMCID: PMC8778261 DOI: 10.3390/nu14020275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary fat and fat quality have been inconsistently associated with puberty timing. The aim of this study was to investigate the prospective associations of dietary fat, saturated fatty acid (SFA), polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), and monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) with puberty timing. Using longitudinal data from China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) and Southwest China Childhood Nutrition and Growth (SCCNG) Study, we analyzed dietary data, anthropometric measurements, and potential confounders. Dietary intakes were assessed by 3-day 24-h recalls. Age at Tanner stage 2 for breast/genital development (B2/G2) and age at menarche/voice break (M/VB) were used as puberty development markers. Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to estimate the relevance of dietary intake of total fat, SFA, PUFA, and MUFA on puberty timing. Among 3425 girls and 2495 boys, children with higher intakes of total fat and PUFA were more likely to reach their B2/G2 or M/VB at an earlier age. Associations were not attenuated on additional adjustment for childhood dietary protein intake. However, higher intakes of SFA or MUFA were not independently associated with puberty development. A higher intake of dietary fat and PUFA in prepuberty was associated with earlier puberty timing, which was independent of dietary protein intake.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Xu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (Y.X.); (W.G.)
| | - Jingyuan Xiong
- Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China;
| | - Wanke Gao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (Y.X.); (W.G.)
| | - Xiaoyu Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Translational Medicine, Center for Translational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (X.W.); (S.S.)
| | - Shufang Shan
- Laboratory of Molecular Translational Medicine, Center for Translational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (X.W.); (S.S.)
| | - Li Zhao
- Department of Health Policy and Management, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China;
| | - Guo Cheng
- Laboratory of Molecular Translational Medicine, Center for Translational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (X.W.); (S.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-28-85502220
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Vanegas P, Zazpe I, Santiago S, Fernandez-Lazaro CI, de la O V, Martínez-González MÁ. Macronutrient quality index and cardiovascular disease risk in the Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra (SUN) cohort. Eur J Nutr 2022; 61:3517-3530. [PMID: 35597843 PMCID: PMC9464119 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-022-02901-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess the association between a multi-dimensional Macronutrient Quality Index (MQI) and the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in a Mediterranean cohort. METHODS Prospective analyses among 18,418 participants (mean age 36 years, 60.8% women) of the Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra (SUN) cohort. Dietary intake information was obtained through a validated semi-quantitative food-frequency questionnaire (FFQ). The MQI (expressing high-quality macronutrient intake) was calculated based on three previously reported quality indices: the Carbohydrate Quality Index (CQI), the Fat Quality Index (FQI), and the Healthy Plate Protein source Quality Index (HPPQI). Adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) and Provegetarian Diet was evaluated using the Trichopoulou index and the score proposed by Martínez-González, respectively. CVD was defined as new-onset stroke, myocardial infarction, or CVD death. RESULTS After a median follow-up time of 14 years (211,744 person-years), 171 cases of CVD were identified. A significant inverse association was found between the MQI and CVD risk with multivariable-adjusted HR for the highest vs. the lowest quartile of 0.60 (95% IC, 0.38-0.96; Ptrend = 0.024). CONCLUSION In this Mediterranean cohort, we found a significant inverse relationship between a multidimensional MQI (expressing high-quality macronutrient intake) and a lower risk of CVD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paola Vanegas
- School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences and Physiology, University of Navarra, Campus Universitario, 31080 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Itziar Zazpe
- School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences and Physiology, University of Navarra, Campus Universitario, 31080 Pamplona, Spain ,School of Medicine, Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, Campus Universitario, 31080 Pamplona, Spain ,IdiSNA, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona, Navarra Spain ,CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Susana Santiago
- School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences and Physiology, University of Navarra, Campus Universitario, 31080 Pamplona, Spain ,IdiSNA, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona, Navarra Spain
| | - Cesar I. Fernandez-Lazaro
- School of Medicine, Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, Campus Universitario, 31080 Pamplona, Spain ,IdiSNA, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona, Navarra Spain
| | - Víctor de la O
- School of Medicine, Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, Campus Universitario, 31080 Pamplona, Spain ,IdiSNA, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona, Navarra Spain ,CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Ángel Martínez-González
- School of Medicine, Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, Campus Universitario, 31080, Pamplona, Spain. .,IdiSNA, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain. .,CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain. .,Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Bruscato N, da Luz P, Werle B, Schvartzman P, Kesties J, Vivian L, de Carli W, Moriguchi E. Coronary artery calcification and dietary intake in asymptomatic men. Braz J Med Biol Res 2021; 54:e11371. [PMID: 34550273 PMCID: PMC8457685 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x2021e11371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary factors may influence the process of atherosclerosis and coronary artery calcification (CAC). This study assessed CAC and its association with dietary intake in asymptomatic men. We evaluated 150 asymptomatic men with mean age of 58.2±5.3 years. The dietary intake was assessed by the Food Consumption Register method. CAC was measured through multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) and assessed in accordance with the Agatston score. Modified Poisson regression model was used to estimate the effects of intake of different nutrients that are prevalent in moderate/severe CAC, adjusted for calorie intake and CAC risk factors by means of prevalence ratios and 95% confidence intervals [95%CI]. An association was found between the intake of some nutrients and moderate/severe CAC. Lower carbohydrate intake (P=0.021) and higher lipid intake (P=0.006) were associated with moderate/severe CAC. After adjustment, the nutrients associated with the prevalence of moderate/severe CAC were carbohydrates (P=0.040), lipids (P=0.005), and saturated fatty acids (SFA) (P=0.013). A 1% increase in lipids and SFA intake caused an increase of 4% [95%CI: 1-7%] and 8% [95%CI: 2-14%] in the prevalence of moderate/severe CAC, respectively. A 1% increase of carbohydrate intake led to a 2% decrease in the likelihood of moderate/severe CAC [95%CI: 1-4%]. These conclusions showed that the higher intake of total lipids and SFA was associated with higher CAC scores, whereas higher carbohydrate intake was associated with lower CAC scores in asymptomatic men.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N.M. Bruscato
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Cardiologia e Ciências Cardiovasculares, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
- Departamento de Pesquisa, Instituto Moriguchi: Centro de Estudos do Envelhecimento, Veranópolis, RS, Brasil
| | - P.L. da Luz
- Instituto do Coração, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - B.M. Werle
- Departamento de Pesquisa, Instituto Moriguchi: Centro de Estudos do Envelhecimento, Veranópolis, RS, Brasil
| | - P.R. Schvartzman
- Serviço de Radiologia, Hospital Moinhos de Vento, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
| | - J. Kesties
- Departamento de Pesquisa, Instituto Moriguchi: Centro de Estudos do Envelhecimento, Veranópolis, RS, Brasil
| | - L. Vivian
- Departamento de Pesquisa, Instituto Moriguchi: Centro de Estudos do Envelhecimento, Veranópolis, RS, Brasil
| | - W. de Carli
- Associação Veranense de Assistência em Saúde, Veranópolis, RS, Brasil
| | - E.H. Moriguchi
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Cardiologia e Ciências Cardiovasculares, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
- Departamento de Pesquisa, Instituto Moriguchi: Centro de Estudos do Envelhecimento, Veranópolis, RS, Brasil
- Departamento de Medicina Interna, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Bittante G, Cecchinato A, Tagliapietra F, Pazzola M, Vacca GM, Schiavon S. Effects of feeding system and CLA supplementation on animal, carcase and meat characteristics of fattened lambs and ewes. ITALIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/1828051x.2021.1954557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Bittante
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova (Padua), Legnaro, Italy
| | - Alessio Cecchinato
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova (Padua), Legnaro, Italy
| | - Franco Tagliapietra
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova (Padua), Legnaro, Italy
| | - Michele Pazzola
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | | | - Stefano Schiavon
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova (Padua), Legnaro, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Structural conversion of pectin fractions during heat processing in relation to the ability of inhibiting lipid digestion: A case study of hawthorn pectin. Food Hydrocoll 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2021.106721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
|
15
|
Li L, Gao X, Liu J, Chitrakar B, Wang B, Wang Y. Hawthorn pectin: Extraction, function and utilization. Curr Res Food Sci 2021; 4:429-435. [PMID: 34258587 PMCID: PMC8253901 DOI: 10.1016/j.crfs.2021.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Pectin has been widely used as emulsifiers, gelling agents, glazing agents, stabilizers, and thickeners in food products. Hawthorn pectin has a higher viscosity than other foods-derived pectin such as lemon and apple pectin. It is also reported as a multifunctional fruit substance, which reduces the risk of hyperlipidemia and dyslipidemia. Therefore, hawthorn pectin is a potential resource for the development of new drugs, functional foods, and health-care products. This review symmetrically summarized the extraction methods, physiological characteristics, functional properties, and processing technologies of hawthorn pectin. It laid a foundation for the further research of hawthorn pectin and promoted the diversified utilization of hawthorn.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 214122 Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xianli Gao
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 212013 Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiguang Liu
- Shandong Commune Union Food Co. LTD, 276034 Linyi, Shandong, China
| | - Bimal Chitrakar
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 214122 Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bo Wang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 212013 Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuchuan Wang
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 214122 Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Mesa A, Cofán M, Esmatjes E, Perea V, Boswell L, Giménez M, Sala-Vila A, Vinagre I, Viñals C, Chiva-Blanch G, Serés-Noriega T, Blanco J, Conget I, Ortega E, Amor AJ. Biomarkers of fatty acid intake are independently associated with preclinical atherosclerosis in individuals with type 1 diabetes. Eur J Nutr 2021; 60:4595-4605. [PMID: 34152460 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-021-02611-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Information on the association between diet and cardiovascular disease (CVD) in type 1 diabetes (T1D) is scarce. We assessed the association between biomarkers of fatty acid (FA) intake and the presence of carotid plaques (a surrogate marker of future CVD events) in this high-risk population. METHODS Cross-sectional study in 167 consecutive T1D patients without CVD and with at least one of the following: ≥ 40 years, diabetic nephropathy, or ≥ 10 years of T1D duration with another CVD risk factor. The FA profile of erythrocyte membranes was determined by gas chromatography, and the number of carotid plaques (intima-media thickness ≥ 1.5 mm) was assessed by ultrasonography. Regression models were constructed adjusting for classical (age, gender, blood pressure, smoking habit, LDL-cholesterol, body mass index and statins) and T1D-specific risk factors (diabetes duration, HbA1c and chronic complications). RESULTS A total of 58.7% were men (mean age 48.3 ± 10.3 years, T1D duration 27.2 ± 10.1 years). Sixty-one patients (36.5%) showed carotid plaque. Linoleic acid decreased and all-C18:1trans increased with the number of carotid plaques (none, 1-2, ≥ 3 plaques; p for trend < 0.05). In multivariate regression models, linoleic acid remained inversely associated with the presence of plaque [1% increase of total FAs; OR 0.71 (0.53-0.95), p = 0.021] and ≥ 2 plaques [OR 0.70 (0.51-0.98), p = 0.039]; whereas, all-C18:1trans was positively associated with ≥ 3 plaques (0.1% increase of total FAs; OR 1.51 [1.05-2.16], p = 0.026). CONCLUSIONS Erythrocyte FA composition, as a biomarker of FA intake, was independently associated with preclinical atherosclerosis in T1DM. Our data support the potential role of an unfavorable pattern of fat intake and CVD risk in this population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alex Mesa
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Carrer de Villarroel, 170, 08036, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Montserrat Cofán
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Enric Esmatjes
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Verónica Perea
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Universitari Mútua de Terrassa, Terrassa, Spain
| | - Laura Boswell
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Carrer de Villarroel, 170, 08036, Barcelona, Spain.,Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Althaia-Xarxa Assistencial Universitària de Manresa, Manresa, Spain
| | - Marga Giménez
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Aleix Sala-Vila
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Irene Vinagre
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Clara Viñals
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Carrer de Villarroel, 170, 08036, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gemma Chiva-Blanch
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Tonet Serés-Noriega
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Carrer de Villarroel, 170, 08036, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jesús Blanco
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ignacio Conget
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Emilio Ortega
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Carrer de Villarroel, 170, 08036, Barcelona, Spain. .,Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. .,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Antonio J Amor
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Carrer de Villarroel, 170, 08036, Barcelona, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Antioxidant Effect of Wheat Germ Extracts and Their Antilipidemic Effect in Palmitic Acid-Induced Steatosis in HepG2 and 3T3-L1 Cells. Foods 2021; 10:foods10051061. [PMID: 34065831 PMCID: PMC8151358 DOI: 10.3390/foods10051061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Wheat germ (WG) is a by-product of wheat milling and comprises many bioactive compounds. This study aimed to compare the antioxidant and antilipidemic effects of different WG extracts (WGEs) by analyzing candidate bioactive compounds such as carotenoids, tocopherols, γ-oryzanol, and biogenic amines by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. Antioxidant activity was determined using the ABTS, DPPH, and FRAP assays. The antilipidemic effect was evaluated in palmitic acid-induced steatosis in HepG2 hepatocytes and 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Cellular lipid accumulation was assessed by Oil Red O staining and a cellular triglyceride content assay. All analyzed WGEs showed significant antioxidant potential, although some bioactive compounds, such as carotenoids, tocopherols, and γ-oryzanol, were the highest in the ethanol extract. Correlation analysis revealed the antioxidant potential of all identified biogenic amines except for spermidine. Ethanol and n-hexane extracts significantly inhibited cellular lipid accumulation in cell models. These results suggest that WGEs exhibit promising antioxidant potential, with a variety of bioactive compounds. Collectively, the findings of this study suggest that bioactive compounds in WGEs attenuate plasma lipid and oxidation levels. In conclusion, WG can be used as a natural antioxidant and nutraceutical using appropriate solvents and extraction methods.
Collapse
|
18
|
Roberts KA, Draijer R, Hopkins ND, de Graaf Y, Holder SM, Carter SE, Thijssen DHJ, Low DA. Impact of green tea on the deleterious cardiometabolic effects of 7-days unhealthy lifestyle in young healthy males. Physiol Rep 2021; 9:e14720. [PMID: 33682367 PMCID: PMC7937942 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.14720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to examine if catechin-rich green tea abrogates the negative effects of 7-days of physical inactivity and excessive calorie-intake on insulin homeostasis and peripheral vascular function. METHODS Using a randomized, double-blind, crossover design, twelve healthy men (29 ± 6 yrs) underwent 7-days unhealthy lifestyle (UL), including physical inactivity (-50% steps/day) and overfeeding (+50% kcal/day). This was combined with green tea consumption (UL-tea; 3 doses/day) or placebo (UL-placebo). Before and after each intervention, we examined postprandial blood glucose and insulin (3-h after a 1,202 kcal meal) and upper and lower limb vascular function (flow-mediated dilation (FMD%)) and carotid artery reactivity (CAR%). RESULTS UL-placebo increased postprandial glucose and insulin, while UL-tea decreased postprandial glucose and insulin (Time*Intervention interaction effects: both p < 0.05). UL-placebo decreased CAR% and femoral FMD%, while UL-tea prevented these effects (Time*Intervention interaction effects of p < 0.04 and p < 0.001, respectively). There was no main effect of Time or Time*Intervention interaction (both p > 0.05) for brachial FMD%. CONCLUSION Seven days of physical inactivity and overfeeding impair insulin homeostasis and vascular function. These effects were mitigated by a daily intake of catechin-rich green tea.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kirsty A Roberts
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Science, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - Richard Draijer
- Unilever Foods Innovation Centre, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Nicola D Hopkins
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Science, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - Young de Graaf
- Unilever Foods Innovation Centre, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Sophie M Holder
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Science, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - Sophie E Carter
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Science, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - Dick H J Thijssen
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Science, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK.,Department of Physiology, Research Institute for Health Science, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - David A Low
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Science, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Impact of pectin characteristics on lipid digestion under simulated gastrointestinal conditions: Comparison of water-soluble pectins extracted from different sources. Food Hydrocoll 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2020.106350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
20
|
Nassir CMNCM, Ghazali MM, Hashim S, Idris NS, Yuen LS, Hui WJ, Norman HH, Gau CH, Jayabalan N, Na Y, Feng L, Ong LK, Abdul Hamid H, Ahamed HN, Mustapha M. Diets and Cellular-Derived Microparticles: Weighing a Plausible Link With Cerebral Small Vessel Disease. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:632131. [PMID: 33718454 PMCID: PMC7943466 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.632131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) represents a spectrum of pathological processes of various etiologies affecting the brain microcirculation that can trigger neuroinflammation and the subsequent neurodegenerative cascade. Prevalent with aging, CSVD is a recognized risk factor for stroke, vascular dementia, Alzheimer disease, and Parkinson disease. Despite being the most common neurodegenerative condition with cerebrocardiovascular axis, understanding about it remains poor. Interestingly, modifiable risk factors such as unhealthy diet including high intake of processed food, high-fat foods, and animal by-products are known to influence the non-neural peripheral events, such as in the gastrointestinal tract and cardiovascular stress through cellular inflammation and oxidation. One key outcome from such events, among others, includes the cellular activations that lead to elevated levels of endogenous cellular-derived circulating microparticles (MPs). MPs can be produced from various cellular origins including leukocytes, platelets, endothelial cells, microbiota, and microglia. MPs could act as microthrombogenic procoagulant that served as a plausible culprit for the vulnerable end-artery microcirculation in the brain as the end-organ leading to CSVD manifestations. However, little attention has been paid on the potential role of MPs in the onset and progression of CSVD spectrum. Corroboratively, the formation of MPs is known to be influenced by diet-induced cellular stress. Thus, this review aims to appraise the body of evidence on the dietary-related impacts on circulating MPs from non-neural peripheral origins that could serve as a plausible microthrombosis in CSVD manifestation as a precursor of neurodegeneration. Here, we elaborate on the pathomechanical features of MPs in health and disease states; relevance of dietary patterns on MP release; preclinical studies pertaining to diet-based MPs contribution to disease; MP level as putative surrogates for early disease biomarkers; and lastly, the potential of MPs manipulation with diet-based approach as a novel preventive measure for CSVD in an aging society worldwide.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Mazira Mohamad Ghazali
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia
| | - Sabarisah Hashim
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia
| | - Nur Suhaila Idris
- Department of Family Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia
| | - Lee Si Yuen
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia
| | - Wong Jia Hui
- Neurobiology of Aging and Disease Laboratory, Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Haziq Hazman Norman
- Anatomy Unit, International Medical School (IMS), Management and Science University (MSU), Shah Alam, Malaysia
| | - Chuang Huei Gau
- Department of Psychology and Counselling, Faculty of Arts and Social Science, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman (UTAR), Kampar, Malaysia
| | - Nanthini Jayabalan
- Translational Neuroscience Lab, University of Queensland (UQ), Centre for Clinical Research, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD, Australia
| | - Yuri Na
- Center for Functional Connectomics, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, South Korea
| | - Linqing Feng
- Center for Functional Connectomics, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, South Korea
| | - Lin Kooi Ong
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Priority Research Centre for Stroke and Brain Injury, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
- Centre of Research Excellence Stroke Rehabilitation and Brain Recovery, National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC), Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
| | - Hafizah Abdul Hamid
- Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Haja Nazeer Ahamed
- Crescent School of Pharmacy, B.S. Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, India
| | - Muzaimi Mustapha
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia
- Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Jalan Raja Perempuan Zainab II, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Baptista SDL, Copetti CLK, Cardoso AL, Di Pietro PF. Biological activities of açaí (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) and juçara (Euterpe edulis Mart.) intake in humans: an integrative review of clinical trials. Nutr Rev 2021; 79:1375-1391. [PMID: 33555024 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuab002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Açaí (E. oleracea) and juçara (E. edulis) are berries considered a source of bioactive compounds, especially anthocyanins and unsaturated fatty acids, with recognized health-promoting activities. An integrative review was conducted to identify available clinical trials that evaluated the effects of açaí and juçara intake on the human organism. Science Direct and Medline databases were searched. Human studies that evaluated any biological activities after açaí and juçara intake were included in this review. Twenty-three clinical trials were identified up to April 12, 2020. Studies evaluated the biological effects of açaí (n = 17), juçara (n = 5), or both berries simultaneously (n = 1). The results of these trials suggest both types of berries may contribute to improved antioxidant defense and to attenuating metabolic stress and inflammation. However, considerable heterogeneity was observed among trials, and few studies explored the bioactive compounds of the food matrix provided in the interventions. More clinical trials are encouraged to strengthen the current evidence on human biological outcomes, including comparative analysis between these berries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sheyla de L Baptista
- S. de L. Baptista, C.L.K. Copetti, A.L. Cardoso, and P.F. Di Pietro are with the Nutrition Post-Graduate Program, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Cândice L K Copetti
- S. de L. Baptista, C.L.K. Copetti, A.L. Cardoso, and P.F. Di Pietro are with the Nutrition Post-Graduate Program, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Alyne L Cardoso
- S. de L. Baptista, C.L.K. Copetti, A.L. Cardoso, and P.F. Di Pietro are with the Nutrition Post-Graduate Program, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Patricia F Di Pietro
- S. de L. Baptista, C.L.K. Copetti, A.L. Cardoso, and P.F. Di Pietro are with the Nutrition Post-Graduate Program, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Amor AJ, Vinagre I, Valverde M, Urquizu X, Meler E, López E, Alonso N, Pané A, Giménez M, Codina L, Conget I, Barahona MJ, Perea V. Nuclear magnetic resonance-based metabolomic analysis in the assessment of preclinical atherosclerosis in type 1 diabetes and preeclampsia. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2021; 171:108548. [PMID: 33238177 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2020.108548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Evaluate the role of plasma metabolomics in atherosclerosis according to the presence of type 1 diabetes (T1D) or previous preeclampsia. METHODS We recruited 105 women without cardiovascular disease and last pregnancy ≥5 years previously, divided according to the presence of T1D or previous preeclampsia. Preclinical atherosclerosis was defined as the presence of carotid plaque (intima-media thickness ≥1.5 mm) assessed by ultrasonography. Metabolomics were evaluated by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). Bivariate and multivariate-adjusted differences in NMR-metabolomics were evaluated. RESULTS The participants were 44.9 ± 8.1 years-old; 20% harbored plaques. There were significant differences in lipidic-, energetic- and nitrogen-related metabolites according to the presence of T1D/preeclampsia (p < 0.05). In multivariate-adjusted models (by age, statins, blood pressure and T1D/preeclampsia), only lipidomic-related metabolites were associated with atherosclerosis in the whole sample. However, stronger associations were observed in women with previous preeclampsia (vs. without; per 0.5 mmol/L increments); phosphatidylcholine, OR 4.08 (1.32-27.22); free cholesterol, 5.18 (1.22-21.97); saturated fatty acids, OR 2.99 (1.37-6.48); w-7, OR 2.29 (1.15-4.56); and w-9 fatty acids, OR 1.49 (1.00-2.23). CONCLUSIONS NMR-metabolomics showed a differential pattern according to the presence of T1D/preeclampsia in relation to preclinical atherosclerosis. Since most of these metabolites mirror lifestyle factors, they could help tailor dietetic advice in high-risk women.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antonio J Amor
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Irene Vinagre
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maite Valverde
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Universitari Mútua de Terrassa, Spain
| | - Xavier Urquizu
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Hospital Universitari Mútua de Terrassa, Spain
| | - Eva Meler
- Fetal i+D Fetal Medicine Research Center, BCNatal-Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu), IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eva López
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Hospital Universitari Mútua de Terrassa, Spain
| | - Nuria Alonso
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Universitari Mútua de Terrassa, Spain
| | - Adriana Pané
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marga Giménez
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Codina
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Hospital Universitari Mútua de Terrassa, Spain
| | - Ignacio Conget
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria J Barahona
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Universitari Mútua de Terrassa, Spain
| | - Verónica Perea
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Universitari Mútua de Terrassa, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Association of types of dietary fats and all-cause and cause-specific mortality: A prospective cohort study and meta-analysis of prospective studies with 1,164,029 participants. Clin Nutr 2020; 39:3677-3686. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2020.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
|
24
|
Evaluating Quality Parameters, the Metabolic Profile, and Other Typical Features of Selected Commercial Extra Virgin Olive Oils from Brazil. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25184193. [PMID: 32933131 PMCID: PMC7570599 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25184193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The production of extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) in Brazil developed quite recently, and information on commercial Brazilian EVOO's typical features is very scarce. In just one of the previously published works on Brazilian olive oil, the assessed samples were commercially available. In this study, a comprehensive characterization of EVOO samples acquired at local stores (at Rio de Janeiro and Rio Grande do Sul, from the two most prevalent cultivars, Arbequina and Koroneiki) was carried out considering the most relevant quality parameters, antioxidant capacity, oxidative stability, total phenolic content, fatty acid composition, and minor component metabolic profiling. The latter included: (1) the determination of individual phenolic compounds (belonging to four diverse chemical classes) and triterpenic acids by means of a powerful multi-class reversed-phase LC-MS method; (2) the quantitative profiling of tocopherols, phytosterols, and pigments by normal-phase LC-DAD/fluorescence; and (3) the quantitative appraisal of the volatile pattern of the oils by solid-phase microextraction (SPME)-gas chromatography (GC)-MS. By applying these methods, the concentrations of approximately 70 minor compounds were determined in commercial EVOOs from Brazil. To the best of our knowledge, the content of a very large number of phenolic compounds of those determined in the current report (mainly secoiridoids), the three triterpenic acids (maslinic, betulinic, and oleanolic acids), and the individual chlorophyll derivatives had not been previously evaluated in Brazilian EVOOs. The present work provides a broad picture of the compositional profile and other parameters of relevance of selected commercial Brazilian EVOOs available on local markets, describing their typicity and most particular features, some of which are known to have potential impacts on consumers' health.
Collapse
|
25
|
Yoshinaga-Kiriake A, Yoshinaga K, Gotoh N. Effect of trans-Octadecenoic Acid Positional Isomers on Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Secretion in RAW264.7 Cells. J Oleo Sci 2020; 69:1139-1143. [PMID: 32788524 DOI: 10.5650/jos.ess20141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We compared the cytotoxic effects and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) production induced by 13 trans-octadecenoic acid positional isomers (trans-4-C18:1 to trans-16-C18:1) in RAW264.7 cells using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively. No significant differences were observed in the cytotoxic effects among the 13 trans-C18:1 positional isomers and control on RAW264.7 cells. TNF-α production significantly decreased by treatment of trans-4-C18:1 as compared to control, but no significant differences in TNF-α production were observed among other trans-C18:1 positional isomers and control. These results suggest that the double bond position in trans-C18:1 may affect TNF-α production in cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aya Yoshinaga-Kiriake
- Department of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Fukushima University.,Department of Food Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology
| | | | - Naohiro Gotoh
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Fontaine D, Figiel S, Félix R, Kouba S, Fromont G, Mahéo K, Potier-Cartereau M, Chantôme A, Vandier C. Roles of endogenous ether lipids and associated PUFAs in the regulation of ion channels and their relevance for disease. J Lipid Res 2020; 61:840-858. [PMID: 32265321 PMCID: PMC7269763 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.ra120000634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 03/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Ether lipids (ELs) are lipids characterized by the presence of either an ether linkage (alkyl lipids) or a vinyl ether linkage [i.e., plasmalogens (Pls)] at the sn1 position of the glycerol backbone, and they are enriched in PUFAs at the sn2 position. In this review, we highlight that ELs have various biological functions, act as a reservoir for second messengers (such as PUFAs) and have roles in many diseases. Some of the biological effects of ELs may be associated with their ability to regulate ion channels that control excitation-contraction/secretion/mobility coupling and therefore cell physiology. These channels are embedded in lipid membranes, and lipids can regulate their activities directly or indirectly as second messengers or by incorporating into membranes. Interestingly, ELs and EL-derived PUFAs have been reported to play a key role in several pathologies, including neurological disorders, cardiovascular diseases, and cancers. Investigations leading to a better understanding of their mechanisms of action in pathologies have opened a new field in cancer research. In summary, newly identified lipid regulators of ion channels, such as ELs and PUFAs, may represent valuable targets to improve disease diagnosis and advance the development of new therapeutic strategies for managing a range of diseases and conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Delphine Fontaine
- Inserm N2C UMR1069, Université de Tours, F-37032 Tours CEDEX 1, France
| | - Sandy Figiel
- Inserm N2C UMR1069, Université de Tours, F-37032 Tours CEDEX 1, France
| | - Romain Félix
- Inserm N2C UMR1069, Université de Tours, F-37032 Tours CEDEX 1, France
| | - Sana Kouba
- Inserm N2C UMR1069, Université de Tours, F-37032 Tours CEDEX 1, France
| | - Gaëlle Fromont
- Inserm N2C UMR1069, Université de Tours, F-37032 Tours CEDEX 1, France; Department of Pathology, CHRU Bretonneau, F-37044 Tours CEDEX 9, France
| | - Karine Mahéo
- Inserm N2C UMR1069, Université de Tours, F-37032 Tours CEDEX 1, France; Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Tours, F-37200 Tours, France
| | | | - Aurélie Chantôme
- Inserm N2C UMR1069, Université de Tours, F-37032 Tours CEDEX 1, France; Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Tours, F-37200 Tours, France
| | - Christophe Vandier
- Inserm N2C UMR1069, Université de Tours, F-37032 Tours CEDEX 1, France. mailto:
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Carroll SJ, Dale MJ, Niyonsenga T, Taylor AW, Daniel M. Associations between area socioeconomic status, individual mental health, physical activity, diet and change in cardiometabolic risk amongst a cohort of Australian adults: A longitudinal path analysis. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0233793. [PMID: 32470027 PMCID: PMC7259701 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0233793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Presumed pathways from environments to cardiometabolic risk largely implicate health behaviour although mental health may play a role. Few studies assess relationships between these factors. This study estimated associations between area socioeconomic status (SES), mental health, diet, physical activity, and 10-year change in glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c), comparing two proposed path structures: 1) mental health and behaviour functioning as parallel mediators between area SES and HbA1c; and 2) a sequential structure where mental health influences behaviour and consequently HbA1c. Three waves (10 years) of population-based biomedical cohort data were spatially linked to census data based on participant residential address. Area SES was expressed at baseline using an established index (SEIFA-IEO). Individual behavioural and mental health information (Wave 2) included diet (fruit and vegetable servings per day), physical activity (meets/does not meet recommendations), and the mental health component score of the 36-item Short Form Health Survey. HbA1c was measured at each wave. Latent variable growth models with a structural equation modelling approach estimated associations within both parallel and sequential path structures. Models were adjusted for age, sex, employment status, marital status, education, and smoking. The sequential path model best fit the data. HbA1c worsened over time. Greater area SES was statistically significantly associated with greater fruit intake, meeting physical activity recommendations, and had a protective effect against increasing HbA1c directly and indirectly through physical activity behaviour. Positive mental health was statistically significantly associated with greater fruit and vegetable intakes and was indirectly protective against increasing HbA1c through physical activity. Greater SES was protective against increasing HbA1c. This relationship was partially mediated by physical activity but not diet. A protective effect of mental health was exerted through physical activity. Public health interventions should ensure individuals residing in low SES areas, and those with poorer mental health are supported in meeting physical activity recommendations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne J. Carroll
- Australian Geospatial Health Laboratory, Health Research Institute, University of Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Canberra, Australia
- * E-mail:
| | - Michael J. Dale
- Australian Geospatial Health Laboratory, Health Research Institute, University of Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Canberra, Australia
| | - Theophile Niyonsenga
- Health Research Institute, University of Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Canberra, Australia
| | - Anne W. Taylor
- Discipline of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Mark Daniel
- Australian Geospatial Health Laboratory, Health Research Institute, University of Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Canberra, Australia
- Department of Medicine, St Vincent’s Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Liaqat H, Jeong E, Kim KJ, Kim JY. Effect of wheat germ on metabolic markers: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Food Sci Biotechnol 2020; 29:739-749. [PMID: 32523783 PMCID: PMC7256174 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-020-00769-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to evaluate the association of wheat germ interventions and metabolic markers. An electronic search was performed by mid-May 2019 in the PubMed, Google Scholar, and Web of Science databases. Quality was evaluated using the risk of bias assessment tools. Thirty-three randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were identified, among which ten were suitable and systematically reviewed based on biomarkers (cholesterol, triglycerides, glucose, and oxidative stress). Three biomarkers in five eligible studies were investigated by meta-analysis. Total cholesterol showed non-significant results (p = 0.98), with standard mean difference (SMD) of − 0.01 (95% confidence interval; − 0.17, 0.16). The SMD was − 0.06 (95% CI − 0.41, 0.29, n = 4) for triglycerides and − 0.09 (95% CI − 0.62, 0.45, n = 2) for glucose. No biomarkers showed heterogeneity (0%). This review revealed non-significant association between wheat germ interventions and metabolic markers. Sensitive analysis with high-quality RCTs may be worth trying.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Humna Liaqat
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, 232, Gongneung-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul, 01811 Korea
| | - Eunseon Jeong
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, 232, Gongneung-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul, 01811 Korea
| | - Kyeong Jin Kim
- Department of Nano Bio Engineering, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, 232, Gongneung-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul, 01811 Korea
| | - Ji Yeon Kim
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, 232, Gongneung-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul, 01811 Korea.,Department of Nano Bio Engineering, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, 232, Gongneung-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul, 01811 Korea
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Sarkar S, Anokye-Danso F, Tronieri JS, Millar JS, Alamuddin N, Wadden TA, Ahima RS. Differential Effects of Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass Surgery and Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy on Fatty Acid Levels. Obes Surg 2020; 29:3941-3947. [PMID: 31290107 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-019-04062-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bariatric surgery is associated with improved cardiovascular outcomes and also affects lipid levels, but few studies have compared the effects of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery with those of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) on serum fatty acid levels. The present study compares the effects of RYGB and LSG surgeries on serum fatty acid levels. METHODS The study participants were women who were undergoing either RYGB or LSG and body mass index (BMI)-matched controls. Fasting blood samples to measure glucose, insulin, and fatty acids were drawn at baseline and at 6 and 18 months from baseline. RESULTS Serum fatty acid data were available for 57 participants at baseline, of whom 56 had data at 6 months and 41 had data at 18 months from baseline. Compared with baseline, serum non-esterified fatty acids (NEFAs) levels were significantly higher at 6 and 18 months in the LSG group compared with the RYGB group. In the RYGB group, 2 saturated fatty acids (SFAs), 2 monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs), and 1 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) were significantly decreased after surgery, compared with those of the LSG group. CONCLUSIONS A significant increase in NEFAs was seen after LSG, compared with RYGB. Compared with the LSG group, several serum fatty acids were significantly reduced after RYGB. TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT01228097.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sudipa Sarkar
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Frederick Anokye-Danso
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jena Shaw Tronieri
- Department of Psychiatry, Center for Weight and Eating Disorders, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - John S Millar
- Metabolic Tracer Resource, Institute for Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Naji Alamuddin
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Thomas A Wadden
- Department of Psychiatry, Center for Weight and Eating Disorders, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Rexford S Ahima
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
de Liz S, Cardoso AL, Copetti CLK, Hinnig PDF, Vieira FGK, da Silva EL, Schulz M, Fett R, Micke GA, Di Pietro PF. Açaí (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) and juçara (Euterpe edulis Mart.) juices improved HDL-c levels and antioxidant defense of healthy adults in a 4-week randomized cross-over study. Clin Nutr 2020; 39:3629-3636. [PMID: 32349893 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2020.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/04/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effects of moderate-term açaí and juçara juice intake on fasting glucose, lipid profile, and oxidative stress biomarkers in healthy subjects. METHODS A randomized cross-over study was performed with 30 healthy adults. The subjects were assigned to drink 200 mL/day of açaí or juçara juice for four weeks with a 4-week washout period. Before and after each nutritional intervention, blood samples were obtained to evaluate the outcomes: fasting glucose, total cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-c), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-c), small, dense LDL-c (sd-LDL-c), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), total oxidant status (TOS), oxidative stress index (OSI), uric acid, and activity of the enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx). RESULTS After four weeks, açaí and juçara juices increased the concentrations of HDL-c by 7.7% and 11.4%, respectively (P < 0.05). In addition, açaí juice intake promoted significant increases in TAC (66.7%), CAT (275.1%), GPx (15.3%), and a decrease in OSI (55.7%) compared to baseline (P < 0.05 for all). Juçara juice intake significantly increased CAT activity (~15.0%) in relation to baseline. No significant intergroup differences were observed for any outcomes (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION The results indicated a positive impact of regular consumption of açaí and juçara juices on the HDL-c levels, as well as on the antioxidant enzyme activities, which may contribute to cardiovascular health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sheyla de Liz
- Nutrition Post-Graduate Program, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Alyne Lizane Cardoso
- Nutrition Post-Graduate Program, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Cândice Laís Knöner Copetti
- Nutrition Post-Graduate Program, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Patrícia de Fragas Hinnig
- Nutrition Post-Graduate Program, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | | | - Edson Luiz da Silva
- Nutrition Post-Graduate Program, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil; Department of Clinical Analysis, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Mayara Schulz
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Roseane Fett
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Amadeu Micke
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Patricia Faria Di Pietro
- Nutrition Post-Graduate Program, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Soybean Oil Modulates the Gut Microbiota Associated with Atherogenic Biomarkers. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8040486. [PMID: 32235412 PMCID: PMC7232217 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8040486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
During the last few decades there has been a staggering rise in human consumption of soybean-oil (SO). The microbiome and specific taxa composing it are dramatically affected by diet; specifically, by high-fat diets. Increasing evidence indicates the association between dysbiosis and health or disease state, including cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and atherosclerosis pathogenesis in human and animal models. To investigate the effects of high SO intake, C57BL/6 mice were orally supplemented with SO-based emulsion (SOE) for one month, followed by analyses of atherosclerosis-related biomarkers and microbiota profiling by 16S rRNA gene sequencing of fecal DNA. SOE-supplementation caused compositional changes to 64 taxa, including enrichment in Bacteroidetes, Mucispirillum, Prevotella and Ruminococcus, and decreased Firmicutes. These changes were previously associated with atherosclerosis in numerous studies. Among the shifted taxa, 40 significantly correlated with at least one atherosclerosis-related biomarker (FDR < 0.05), while 13 taxa positively correlated with the average of all biomarkers. These microbial alterations also caused a microbial-derived metabolic-pathways shift, including enrichment in different amino-acid metabolic-pathways known to be implicated in CVD. In conclusion, our results demonstrate dysbiosis following SOE supplementation associated with atherosclerosis-related biomarkers. These findings point to the microbiome as a possible mediator to CVD, and it may be implemented into non-invasive diagnostic tools or as potential therapeutic strategies.
Collapse
|
32
|
Guastadisegni C, Donfrancesco C, Palmieri L, Grioni S, Krogh V, Vanuzzo D, Strazzullo P, Vannucchi S, Onder G, Giampaoli S. Nutrients Intake in Individuals with Hypertension, Dyslipidemia, and Diabetes: An Italian Survey. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12040923. [PMID: 32230790 PMCID: PMC7230242 DOI: 10.3390/nu12040923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Revised: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study is to evaluate whether nutrients intake in an Italian adult population receiving pharmacological treatment for hypertension, dyslipidemia, and diabetes are within the recommended values proposed by dietary guidelines. Cross-sectional data from the Cardiovascular Epidemiology Observatory/Health Examination Survey in 8462 individuals 35–79 years were used. Food consumption was assessed with a self-administered semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Dietary sodium and potassium intakes were measured in 24-hour urine collection. Recommendations from WHO were used for salt and potassium intakes, those from the Diabetes and Nutrition Study Group for diabetes, and those from the European Society of Cardiology for hypertension and dyslipidemia. Salt intake in urine collection of participants receiving treatment for hypertension was 11.1 ± 4.0 g/day for men and 8.6 ± 3.3 g/day for women, higher than recommended. In participants treated for dyslipidemia, mean saturated fat intake was 11.4% and 11.6% total Kcal in men and women respectively, higher than recommended, while cholesterol intake was higher only in men (365.9 ± 149.6 mg/day). In both men and women receiving treatment for diabetes, mean intake of saturated fats (12.3% and 12.2% of total Kcal), simple carbohydrates (17.5% and 19.8% of total Kcal) and cholesterol (411.0 ± 150.4 and 322.7 ± 111.1 mg/day) were above the recommendations, while fiber intake was below (19.5 ± 6.3 and 17.5 ± 6.2 mg/day). Overall, 70% to 80% of participants treated for these conditions received advice from family doctors on dietary management; however, nutrition is far from being optimal.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Guastadisegni
- Department of Cardiovascular, Endocrine-metabolic Diseases and Aging, Istituto Superiore di Sanita, 00161 Rome, Italy; (C.D.); (G.O.); (S.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-06-49903048
| | - Chiara Donfrancesco
- Department of Cardiovascular, Endocrine-metabolic Diseases and Aging, Istituto Superiore di Sanita, 00161 Rome, Italy; (C.D.); (G.O.); (S.G.)
| | - Luigi Palmieri
- Department of Cardiovascular, Endocrine-metabolic Diseases and Aging, Istituto Superiore di Sanita, 00161 Rome, Italy; (C.D.); (G.O.); (S.G.)
| | - Sara Grioni
- Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Vittorio Krogh
- Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Diego Vanuzzo
- Associazione Nazionale Medici Cardiologi Ospedalieri (ANMCO), 50121 Florence, Italy
| | - Pasquale Strazzullo
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, ESH Excellence Centre of Hypertension, Federico II University of Naples Medical School, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Serena Vannucchi
- Department of Cardiovascular, Endocrine-metabolic Diseases and Aging, Istituto Superiore di Sanita, 00161 Rome, Italy; (C.D.); (G.O.); (S.G.)
| | - Graziano Onder
- Department of Cardiovascular, Endocrine-metabolic Diseases and Aging, Istituto Superiore di Sanita, 00161 Rome, Italy; (C.D.); (G.O.); (S.G.)
| | - Simona Giampaoli
- Department of Cardiovascular, Endocrine-metabolic Diseases and Aging, Istituto Superiore di Sanita, 00161 Rome, Italy; (C.D.); (G.O.); (S.G.)
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Joshee K, Abhang T, Kulkarni R. Fatty acid profiling of 75 Indian snack samples highlights overall low trans fatty acid content with high polyunsaturated fatty acid content in some samples. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0225798. [PMID: 31805103 PMCID: PMC6894861 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0225798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Diet-derived fatty acids have well-proven varying effects on human health. In particular, trans fatty acids (TFA) are associated with high risk of cardiovascular diseases whereas, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) are considered to be beneficial to the human health. In this study, we report fatty acid profiling of 75 food samples from India belonging to three broad categories, viz., perishable deep-fried, non-perishable deep-fried and bakery. Lipids were extracted from the snacks and fatty acids converted into methyl esters and analysed by gas chromatography. Thirty-seven detected fatty acids were classified into four categories: saturated (SFA), monounsaturated (MUFA), PUFA, and TFA, of which SFA represented the most abundant class in two-third of the samples. The highest average proportions of TFA and SFA of 3.26% and 56.1%, respectively, in total fatty acids were found in the bakery products; whereas, that of PUFA (38%) in the perishable deep-fried products. Principal Component Analysis depicted clustering of many samples according to the above-mentioned categories and helped predict the oil usage. Lower TFA content in all the samples and high proportion of PUFA in a quarter of the samples is suggestive of a better trend as compared to earlier studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kshamata Joshee
- Symbiosis School of Biological Sciences, Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Lavale, Pune, India
| | - Tanvi Abhang
- Symbiosis School of Biological Sciences, Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Lavale, Pune, India
| | - Ram Kulkarni
- Symbiosis School of Biological Sciences, Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Lavale, Pune, India
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Gluba-Brzozka A, Franczyk B, Rysz J. Cholesterol Disturbances and the Role of Proper Nutrition in CKD Patients. Nutrients 2019; 11:E2820. [PMID: 31752189 PMCID: PMC6893650 DOI: 10.3390/nu11112820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2019] [Accepted: 11/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a widespread disease with increasing prevalence in the modern society. Lipid disturbances are common in this group of patients. In most patients with CKD atherogenic dyslipidemia is observed. Dyslipidemia in patients with renal diseases increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases and it accelerates the progression of chronic kidney disease to its end stage. The amelioration of dyslipidemia and the lowering of oxidative stress, inflammatory processes, insulin sensitivity and remnant lipoproteins levels may lead to the reduction in cardiovascular burden. Nutritional interventions can strengthen the beneficial effect of treatment and they play an important role in the preservation of overall well-being of the patients with CKD since the aim of appropriate diet is to reduce the risk of cardiovascular events, prevent malnutrition, and hamper the progression of kidney disease. The management of dyslipidemia, regardless of the presence of chronic kidney disease, should be initiated by the introduction of therapeutic lifestyle changes. The introduction of diet change was shown to exert beneficial effect on the lipid level lowering that reaches beyond pharmacological therapy. Currently available evidence give the impression that data on dietary interventions in CKD patients is not sufficient to make any clinical practice guidelines and is of low quality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Gluba-Brzozka
- Department of Nephrology, Hypertension and Family Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, 90-549 Lodz, Poland; (B.F.); (J.R.)
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Folta SC, Paul L, Nelson ME, Strogatz D, Graham M, Eldridge GD, Higgins M, Wing D, Seguin-Fowler RA. Changes in diet and physical activity resulting from the Strong Hearts, Healthy Communities randomized cardiovascular disease risk reduction multilevel intervention trial. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2019; 16:91. [PMID: 31653260 PMCID: PMC6815048 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-019-0852-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Women living in rural areas face unique challenges in achieving a heart-healthy lifestyle that are related to multiple levels of the social-ecological framework. The purpose of this study was to evaluate changes in diet and physical activity, which are secondary outcomes of a community-based, multilevel cardiovascular disease risk reduction intervention designed for women in rural communities. METHODS Strong Hearts, Healthy Communities was a six-month, community-randomized trial conducted in 16 rural towns in Montana and New York, USA. Sedentary women aged 40 and older with overweight and obesity were recruited. Intervention participants (eight towns) attended twice weekly exercise and nutrition classes for 24 weeks (48 total). Individual-level components included aerobic exercise, progressive strength training, and healthy eating practices; a civic engagement component was designed to address social and built environment factors to support healthy lifestyles. The control group (eight towns) attended didactic healthy lifestyle classes monthly (six total). Dietary and physical activity data were collected at baseline and post-intervention. Dietary data were collected using automated self-administered 24-h dietary recalls, and physical activity data were collected by accelerometry and self-report. Data were analyzed using multilevel linear regression models with town as a random effect. RESULTS At baseline, both groups fell short of meeting many recommendations for cardiovascular health. Compared to the control group, the intervention group realized significant improvements in intake of fruit and vegetables combined (difference: 0.6 cup equivalents per day, 95% CI 0.1 to 1.1, p = .026) and in vegetables alone (difference: 0.3 cup equivalents per day, 95% CI 0.1 to 0.6, p = .016). For physical activity, there were no statistically significant between-group differences based on accelerometry. By self-report, the intervention group experienced a greater increase in walking MET minutes per week (difference: 113.5 MET-minutes per week, 95% CI 12.8 to 214.2, p = .027). CONCLUSIONS Between-group differences in dietary and physical activity behaviors measured in this study were minimal. Future studies should consider how to bolster behavioral outcomes in rural settings and may also continue to explore the value of components designed to enact social and environmental change. TRIAL REGISTRATION clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT02499731. Registered 16 July 2015.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara C. Folta
- Friedman School of Nutrition, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111 USA
| | - Lynn Paul
- College of Education, Health and Human Development, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA
| | - Miriam E. Nelson
- Friedman School of Nutrition, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111 USA
| | - David Strogatz
- Center for Rural Community Health, Bassett Research Institute, Cooperstown, NY 13326 USA
| | - Meredith Graham
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA
| | | | - Michael Higgins
- Exercise and Physical Activity Resource Center, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA 92093-0811 USA
| | - David Wing
- Exercise and Physical Activity Resource Center, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA 92093-0811 USA
| | - Rebecca A. Seguin-Fowler
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, TX 77843 USA
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Astrup A, Geiker NRW, Magkos F. Effects of Full-Fat and Fermented Dairy Products on Cardiometabolic Disease: Food Is More Than the Sum of Its Parts. Adv Nutr 2019; 10:924S-930S. [PMID: 31518411 PMCID: PMC6743821 DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmz069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Revised: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Current dietary recommendations to limit consumption of saturated fat are largely based on early nutrition studies demonstrating a direct link between dietary saturated fat, elevated blood cholesterol levels, and increased risk of cardiovascular disease. As full-fat dairy products are rich in saturated fat, these dietary guidelines recommend consumption of fat-free or low-fat dairy products in place of full-fat dairy. However, dairy products vary greatly in both their nutrient content and their bioactive ingredients, and research increasingly highlights the importance of focusing on whole foods (i.e., the food matrix) as opposed to single nutrients, such as saturated fat. In fact, the weight of evidence from recent large and well-controlled studies, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses of both observational studies and randomized controlled trials indicates that full-fat dairy products, particularly yogurt and cheese, do not exert the detrimental effects on insulin sensitivity, blood lipid profile, and blood pressure as previously predicted on the basis of their sodium and saturated fat contents; they do not increase cardiometabolic disease risk and may in fact protect against cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. Although more research is warranted to adjust for possible confounding factors and to better understand the mechanisms of action of dairy products on health outcomes, it becomes increasingly clear that the recommendation to restrict dietary saturated fat to reduce risk of cardiometabolic disease is getting outdated. Therefore, the suggestion to restrict or eliminate full-fat dairy from the diet may not be the optimal strategy for reducing cardiometabolic disease risk and should be re-evaluated in light of recent evidence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arne Astrup
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise, and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Nørre Campus, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nina Rica Wium Geiker
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise, and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg Campus, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Faidon Magkos
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise, and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg Campus, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Egelandsdal B, Oostindjer M, Hovland EM, Okholm B, Saarem K, Bjerke F, Ruud L, Grabež V, Haug A. Identifying labelling and marketing advantages of nutrients in minced beef meat: A case study. Meat Sci 2019; 159:107920. [PMID: 31473367 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2019.107920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Revised: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In 2006, the European Commission approved nutrition and health claim regulations of foods to stimulate healthier choices. To document how commercial, minced beef meat complied with regulations, meat samples from 72 carcasses were analysed. These samples were a source of niacin (B3), pyridoxine (B6), phosphorus and iron (cow meat only), and a rich source of protein, monounsaturated fat, vitamin B12 and zinc. A potential exists for establishing beef meat as a source of vitamin K, iron and selenium. The meat's nutrient relevance for young women when ingesting 150 g of raw beef mince/day was estimated. Increased levels of riboflavin (B2), pantothenic acid (B5), iron and selenium beyond presently observed, would better support this group's recommended nutrient intake. If the bioactivity of 25-OH-vitamin D3 could be used in calculations, vitamin D3 in the minced meat would add positively to the intake of vitamin D3 that was 49% of the recommended intake.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bjørg Egelandsdal
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P.O. Box 5003, NO-1432 Aas, Norway.
| | - Marije Oostindjer
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P.O. Box 5003, NO-1432 Aas, Norway
| | - Ellen-Margrethe Hovland
- Animalia - the Norwegian Meat and Poultry Research Centre, P.O. Box 396 Økern, NO-0513 Oslo, Norway
| | - Bolette Okholm
- Ministry of Environment and Food of Denmark, The Danish Veterinary and Food Administration, Laboratory Aarhus, Sønderskovvej 5, 8520 Lystrup, Denmark
| | | | - Frøydis Bjerke
- Animalia - the Norwegian Meat and Poultry Research Centre, P.O. Box 396 Økern, NO-0513 Oslo, Norway
| | - Lene Ruud
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P.O. Box 5003, NO-1432 Aas, Norway
| | - Vladana Grabež
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P.O. Box 5003, NO-1432 Aas, Norway
| | - Anna Haug
- Faculty of Biosciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P.O. Box 5003, NO-1432 Aas, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Utama DT, Jeong HS, Kim J, Barido FH, Lee SK. Fatty acid composition and quality properties of chicken sausage formulated with pre-emulsified perilla-canola oil as an animal fat replacer. Poult Sci 2019; 98:3059-3066. [PMID: 30877751 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pez105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The potential use of an oil in water (o/w) emulsion made from perilla and canola oil in chicken sausage as an animal fat replacer was assessed. The (o/w) emulsion was made from 50% (wt/wt) perilla-canola oil mixture in a 30:70 ratio, 3.20% (wt/wt) polyglycerol polyricinoleate, 4.48% (wt/wt) soy protein isolate, 14% (wt/wt) inulin, and 28.32% (wt/wt) water. The sausages were manufactured with 60% (wt/wt) ground chicken breast, 20% (wt/wt) fat (beef tallow as a control), and 20% (wt/wt) ice water. Full replacement of animal fat with a perilla-canola oil (o/w) emulsion reduced the fat content and estimated calories but increased the moisture, protein, ash, and carbohydrate content. The proportion of α-linolenic acid (C18:3n3) was increased when animal fat was replaced with either a perilla-canola oil mixture or pre-emulsified perilla-canola oil, resulting in a lower n6 to n3 polyunsaturated fatty acid ratio than the control. The perilla-canola oil (o/w) emulsion improved emulsion stability and minimized cooking loss during sausage manufacturing. Higher L* value (lightness) and whiteness were observed in the sausages formulated with the perilla-canola oil mixture, followed by the pre-emulsified perilla-canola oil and the control. The perilla-canola oil (o/w) emulsion also increased the hardness but maintained an acceptable appearance, flavor, and overall impression similar to the control. The shelf life could be extended by vacuum packing and storing the cooked sausages formulated with a perilla-canola oil (o/w) emulsion for 30 D at 2 ± 1°C. Pre-emulsified perilla-canola oil could be used to replace animal fat in reduced-fat chicken sausage manufacture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dicky Tri Utama
- Department of Applied Animal Science, College of Animal Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
| | - Hae Seong Jeong
- Department of Applied Animal Science, College of Animal Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
| | - Juntae Kim
- Department of Applied Animal Science, College of Animal Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
| | - Farouq Heidar Barido
- Department of Applied Animal Science, College of Animal Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
| | - Sung Ki Lee
- Department of Applied Animal Science, College of Animal Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Schönbach JK, Nusselder W, Lhachimi SK. Substituting polyunsaturated fat for saturated fat: A health impact assessment of a fat tax in seven European countries. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0218464. [PMID: 31291265 PMCID: PMC6619676 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0218464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
There is evidence that replacing saturated fat (SFA) with polyunsaturated fat (PUFA) lowers ischemic heart disease (IHD). In order to improve the population’s diet, the World Health Organization has called for the taxation of foods that are high in SFA. We aimed to assess the potential health gains of a European fat tax by applying the SFA intake reduction that has been observed under the Danish fat tax to six other European countries. For each country, we created a fat tax scenario with a decreased SFA intake and a corresponding increase in PUFA. We compared this fat tax scenario to a reference scenario with no change in SFA intake, and to a guideline scenario with a population-wide SFA intake in line with dietary recommendations. We used DYNAMO-HIA to dynamically project the policy-attributable IHD cases of these three scenarios 10 years into the future. A fat tax would reduce prevalent IHD cases by a minimum of 500 and 300 among males and females in Denmark, respectively, up to a maximum of 5,600 and 4,000 among males and females in the UK. Thereby, the prevented IHD cases under a fat tax scenario would correspond to between 11.0% (in females in the Netherlands) and 29.5% (in females in Italy) of the prevented IHD cases under a guideline scenario, which represents the maximum preventable disease burden. Henceforth, our quantification of beneficial health impacts makes the case for the policy debate on fat taxes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Johanna-Katharina Schönbach
- Institute for Public Health and Nursing Research, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
- Research Group for Evidence-Based Public Health, Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology–BIPS, Bremen, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Wilma Nusselder
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Stefan K. Lhachimi
- Institute for Public Health and Nursing Research, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
- Research Group for Evidence-Based Public Health, Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology–BIPS, Bremen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Crespo-Piazuelo D, Criado-Mesas L, Revilla M, Castelló A, Fernández AI, Folch JM, Ballester M. Indel detection from Whole Genome Sequencing data and association with lipid metabolism in pigs. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0218862. [PMID: 31246983 PMCID: PMC6597088 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0218862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The selection in commercial swine breeds for meat-production efficiency has been increasing among the past decades, reducing the intramuscular fat content, which has changed the sensorial and technological properties of pork. Through processes of natural adaptation and selective breeding, the accumulation of mutations has driven the genetic divergence between pig breeds. The most common and well-studied mutations are single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). However, insertions and deletions (indels) usually represents a fifth part of the detected mutations and should also be considered for animal breeding. In the present study, three different programs (Dindel, SAMtools mpileup, and GATK) were used to detect indels from Whole Genome Sequencing data of Iberian boars and Landrace sows. A total of 1,928,746 indels were found in common with the three programs. The VEP tool predicted that 1,289 indels may have a high impact on protein sequence and function. Ten indels inside genes related with lipid metabolism were genotyped in pigs from three different backcrosses with Iberian origin, obtaining different allelic frequencies on each backcross. Genome-Wide Association Studies performed in the Longissimus dorsi muscle found an association between an indel located in the C1q and TNF related 12 (C1QTNF12) gene and the amount of eicosadienoic acid (C20:2(n-6)).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Crespo-Piazuelo
- Plant and Animal Genomics, Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB Consortium, Bellaterra, Spain
- Departament de Ciència Animal i dels Aliments, Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra, Spain
- * E-mail:
| | - Lourdes Criado-Mesas
- Plant and Animal Genomics, Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB Consortium, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Manuel Revilla
- Plant and Animal Genomics, Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB Consortium, Bellaterra, Spain
- Departament de Ciència Animal i dels Aliments, Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Anna Castelló
- Plant and Animal Genomics, Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB Consortium, Bellaterra, Spain
- Departament de Ciència Animal i dels Aliments, Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Ana I. Fernández
- Departamento de Mejora Genética Animal, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Madrid, Spain
| | - Josep M. Folch
- Plant and Animal Genomics, Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB Consortium, Bellaterra, Spain
- Departament de Ciència Animal i dels Aliments, Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Maria Ballester
- Departament de Genètica i Millora Animal, Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries (IRTA), Caldes de Montbui, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Associations of consuming specific fruit and vegetable subgroups with LDL-C status in early postmenopausal Chinese women. Menopause 2019; 25:436-443. [PMID: 29088018 DOI: 10.1097/gme.0000000000001008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Aging and menopausal changes contribute to increased cardiovascular risks in postmenopausal women. This study examined the associations of total and specific fruit and vegetable consumption with low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) status, a critical cardiovascular risk factor, in early postmenopausal Chinese women. METHODS A total of 508 postmenopausal Hong Kong Chinese women aged 50 to 64 years were recruited into a cohort study on cardiovascular risks. Sociodemographic characteristics, medical conditions, use of medications, and lifestyle factors were obtained via structured interviews. Dietary intake was assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire. LDL-C and total cholesterol concentrations were determined using biochemical enzymatic techniques and categorized according to the Adult Treatment Panel III classification. RESULTS Ordinal logistic regression analysis showed that women with total fruit and vegetable intake in the highest quartile were 33% less likely (odds ratio [OR] = 0.67; 95% CI, 0.44-1.03) to have a worse LDL-C status than those with lower intake after adjustments. The intakes of total vegetables (OR = 0.63; 95% CI, 0.41-0.96) and vegetable subgroups in the highest quartiles, including darkgreen leafy vegetables (OR = 0.60; 95% CI, 0.41-0.89) and corn and tubers (OR = 0.62; 95% CI, 0.40-0.96), were significantly inversely associated with LDL-C status. Further adjustment for total cholesterol did not attenuate the associations. CONCLUSIONS A daily consumption of vegetables equivalent to about four servings or more might be beneficial for LDL-C control in early Chinese postmenopausal women. In particular, darkgreen leafy vegetables, as well as corn and tubers, deserve greater advocacy for their ability to improve lipid profiles and hence cardiovascular health.
Collapse
|
42
|
Stamenkovic A, Ganguly R, Aliani M, Ravandi A, Pierce GN. Overcoming the Bitter Taste of Oils Enriched in Fatty Acids to Obtain Their Effects on the Heart in Health and Disease. Nutrients 2019; 11:E1179. [PMID: 31137794 PMCID: PMC6566568 DOI: 10.3390/nu11051179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Fatty acids come in a variety of structures and, because of this, create a variety of functions for these lipids. Some fatty acids have a role to play in energy metabolism, some help in lipid storage, cell structure, the physical state of the lipid, and even in food stability. Fatty acid metabolism plays a particularly important role in meeting the energy demands of the heart. It is the primary source of myocardial energy in control conditions. Its role changes dramatically in disease states in the heart, but the pathologic role these fatty acids play depends upon the type of cardiovascular disease and the type of fatty acid. However, no matter how good a food is for one's health, its taste will ultimately become a deciding factor in its influence on human health. No food will provide health benefits if it is not ingested. This review discusses the taste characteristics of culinary oils that contain fatty acids and how these fatty acids affect the performance of the heart during healthy and diseased conditions. The contrasting contributions that different fatty acid molecules have in either promoting cardiac pathologies or protecting the heart from cardiovascular disease is also highlighted in this article.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Stamenkovic
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St Boniface Hospital, Winnipeg, MB R2H2A6, Canada.
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E0W3, Canada.
| | - Riya Ganguly
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St Boniface Hospital, Winnipeg, MB R2H2A6, Canada.
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E0W3, Canada.
| | - Michel Aliani
- Canadian Centre for Agri-Food Research in Health and Medicine (CCARM), Albrechtsen Research Centre, St Boniface Hospital, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R2H2A6, Canada.
- Department of Human Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R2H2A6, Canada.
| | - Amir Ravandi
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St Boniface Hospital, Winnipeg, MB R2H2A6, Canada.
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E0W3, Canada.
- Internal Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E0W3, Canada.
| | - Grant N Pierce
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St Boniface Hospital, Winnipeg, MB R2H2A6, Canada.
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E0W3, Canada.
- Canadian Centre for Agri-Food Research in Health and Medicine (CCARM), Albrechtsen Research Centre, St Boniface Hospital, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R2H2A6, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Guasch-Ferré M, Zong G, Willett WC, Zock PL, Wanders AJ, Hu FB, Sun Q. Associations of Monounsaturated Fatty Acids From Plant and Animal Sources With Total and Cause-Specific Mortality in Two US Prospective Cohort Studies. Circ Res 2019; 124:1266-1275. [PMID: 30689516 PMCID: PMC6459723 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.118.313996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Dietary monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) can come from both plant and animal sources with divergent nutrient profiles that may potentially obscure the associations of total MUFAs with chronic diseases. OBJECTIVE To investigate the associations of cis-MUFA intake from plant (MUFA-P) and animal (MUFA-A) sources with total and cause-specific mortality. METHODS AND RESULTS We followed 63 412 women from the NHS (Nurses' Health Study; 1990-2012) and 29 966 men from the HPFS (Health Professionals Follow-Up Study; 1990-2012). MUFA-Ps and MUFA-As were calculated based on data collected through validated food frequency questionnaires administered every 4 years and updated food composition databases. During 1 896 864 person-years of follow-up, 20 672 deaths occurred. Total MUFAs and MUFA-Ps were inversely associated with total mortality after adjusting for potential confounders, whereas MUFA-As were associated with higher mortality. When MUFA-Ps were modeled to isocalorically replace other macronutrients, hazard ratios (HRs, 95% CIs) of total mortality were 0.84 (0.77-0.92; P<0.001) for replacing saturated fatty acids, 5% of energy); 0.86 (0.82-0.91; P<0.001) for replacing refined carbohydrates (5% energy); 0.91 (0.85-0.97; P<0.001) for replacing trans fats (2% energy), and 0.77 (0.71-0.82; P<0.001) for replacing MUFA-As (5% energy). For isocalorically replacing MUFA-As with MUFA-Ps, HRs (95% CIs) were 0.74 (0.64-0.86; P<0.001) for cardiovascular mortality; 0.73 (0.65-0.82; P<0.001) for cancer mortality, and 0.82 (0.73-0.91; P<0.001) for mortality because of other causes. CONCLUSIONS Higher intake of MUFA-Ps was associated with lower total mortality, and MUFA-As intake was associated with higher mortality. Significantly lower mortality risk was observed when saturated fatty acids, refined carbohydrates, or trans fats were replaced by MUFA-Ps, but not MUFA-As. These data suggest that other constituents in animal foods, such as saturated fatty acids, may confound the associations for MUFAs when they are primarily derived from animal products. More evidence is needed to elucidate the differential associations of MUFA-Ps and MUFA-As with mortality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Guasch-Ferré
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Geng Zong
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Walter C. Willett
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Peter L. Zock
- Unilever Research and Development, Vlaardingen, The Netherlands
| | - Anne J Wanders
- Unilever Research and Development, Vlaardingen, The Netherlands
| | - Frank B. Hu
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Qi Sun
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Zhu Y, Bo Y, Liu Y. Dietary total fat, fatty acids intake, and risk of cardiovascular disease: a dose-response meta-analysis of cohort studies. Lipids Health Dis 2019; 18:91. [PMID: 30954077 PMCID: PMC6451787 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-019-1035-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several epidemiological studies have investigated the association between dietary fat intake and cardiovascular disease. However, dietary recommendations based on systematic review and meta-analysis might be more credible. METHODS AND RESULTS Pubmed, Embase and Cochrane library were searched up to July 1st 2018 for cohort studies reporting associations of dietary fat intake and risk of CVDs. By comparing the highest vs. the lowest categories of fat or fatty acids intake, we found that higher dietary trans fatty acids (TFA) intake was associated with increased risk of CVDs [RR:1.14(1.08-1.21)]. However, no association was observed between total fat, monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), saturated fatty acids (SFA), and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), and risk of CVDs. Subgroup analysis found a cardio-protective effect of PUFA in the studies that has been followed up more than 10 years [0.95(0.91-0.99), I2 = 62.4%]. Dose-response analysis suggested that the risk of CVDs increased 16% [1.16 (1.07-1.25), Plinearity = 0.033] for an increment of 2% energy/day of TFA intake. CONCLUSIONS This current meta-analysis of cohort studies suggested that total fat, SFA, MUFA, and PUFA intake were not associated with the risk of cardiovascular disease. However, we found that higher TFA intake is associated with greater risk of CVDs in a dose-response fashion. Furthermore, the subgroup analysis found a cardio-protective effect of PUFA in studies followed up for more than 10 years.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yongjian Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, The first affiliated hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yacong Bo
- Department of Nutrition, The first affiliated hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Eastern Jianshe road, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yanhua Liu
- Department of Nutrition, The first affiliated hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Eastern Jianshe road, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Fat from dairy foods and 'meat' consumed within recommended levels is associated with favourable serum cholesterol levels in institutionalised older adults. J Nutr Sci 2019; 8:e10. [PMID: 30918631 PMCID: PMC6432167 DOI: 10.1017/jns.2019.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Revised: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
CVD is common in older adults. Consumption of ‘meat’ (beef, pork, lamb, game, poultry, seafood, eggs) and dairy foods (milk, cheese, yoghurt) is encouraged in older adults as these foods provide protein and nutrients such as essential fatty acids, Ca, Fe, Zn and vitamins A, D and B12 required for healthy ageing. However, these foods also contain saturated fats considered detrimental to cardiovascular health. To determine the effect of their consumption on CVD risk we assessed associations between fat intake from ‘meat’ and dairy foods and serum cholesterol levels in 226 aged-care residents (mean age 85·5 years, 70 % female). Dietary intake was determined over 2 d using visual estimation of plate waste. Fat content of foods was determined using nutrition analysis software (Xyris, Australia). Fasting serum total cholesterol (TC), LDL-cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol were measured, and the TC:HDL-cholesterol ratio calculated. Associations were determined using random-effect models adjusted for CVD risk factors using STATA/IC 13.0. Total fat and saturated fat from ‘meat’ and dairy foods were associated with higher serum HDL-cholesterol levels, and dairy fat intake and number of servings were associated with a lower TC:HDL-cholesterol ratio. Every 10 g higher intake of fat and saturated fat from dairy products, and each additional serving was associated with a −0·375 (95 % CI −0·574, −0·175; P = 0·0002), a −0·525 (95 % CI −0·834, −0·213; P = 0·001) and a −0·245 (95 % CI −0·458, −0·033; P = 0·024) lower TC:HDL-cholesterol ratio, respectively. Provision of dairy foods and ‘meat’ in recommended amounts to institutionalised older adults potentially improves intakes of key nutrients with limited detriment to cardiovascular health.
Collapse
|
46
|
Abstract
Dairy fat is one of the most complex natural fats because of its fatty acid (FA) composition. Ruminant dairy fat contains more than 400 different FA varying in carbon chain length, and degree, position and configuration of unsaturation. The following article reviews the different methods available to analyze FA (both total and free) in milk and dairy products. The most widely used methodology for separating and analyzing dairy FA is gas chromatography, coupled to a flame ionization detector (CG-FID). Alternatively, gas chromatography coupled to a mass spectrometer (GC-MS) is also used. After lipid extraction, total FA (TFA) are commonly converted into their methyl esters (fatty acid methyl esters, FAME) prior to chromatographic analysis. In contrast, free FA (FFA) can be analyzed after conversion to FAME or directly as FFA after extraction from the product. One of the key questions when analyzing FAME from TFA is the selection of a proper column for separating them, which depends mainly on the objective of the analysis. Quantification is best achieved by the internal standard method. Recently, near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), Raman spectroscopy (RS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) have been reported as promising techniques to analyze FA in milk and dairy products.
Collapse
|
47
|
Zhuang P, Zhang Y, He W, Chen X, Chen J, He L, Mao L, Wu F, Jiao J. Dietary Fats in Relation to Total and Cause-Specific Mortality in a Prospective Cohort of 521 120 Individuals With 16 Years of Follow-Up. Circ Res 2019; 124:757-768. [DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.118.314038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pan Zhuang
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Postharvest Handling of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China (P.Z., Y.Z., X.C., J.C., L.H.)
| | - Yu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Postharvest Handling of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China (P.Z., Y.Z., X.C., J.C., L.H.)
| | - Wei He
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (W.H.)
| | - Xiaoqian Chen
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Postharvest Handling of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China (P.Z., Y.Z., X.C., J.C., L.H.)
| | - Jingnan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Postharvest Handling of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China (P.Z., Y.Z., X.C., J.C., L.H.)
| | - Lilin He
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Postharvest Handling of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China (P.Z., Y.Z., X.C., J.C., L.H.)
| | - Lei Mao
- From the Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China (L.M., F.W., J.J.)
| | - Fei Wu
- From the Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China (L.M., F.W., J.J.)
| | - Jingjing Jiao
- From the Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China (L.M., F.W., J.J.)
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Higher dietary and serum carotenoid levels are associated with lower carotid intima-media thickness in middle-aged and elderly people. Br J Nutr 2019; 119:590-598. [PMID: 29508696 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114517003932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Several studies have suggested that higher carotenoid levels may be beneficial for atherosclerosis patients, but few studies have examined this relationship in the Chinese population. This cross-sectional study examined the association between the levels of carotenoids in diet and serum and carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) in Chinese adults aged 50-75 years in Guangzhou, China. Dietary intake was assessed using a FFQ. HPLC was used to assay the serum concentrations of α-carotene, β-carotene, lutein+zeaxanthin, β-cryptoxanthin and lycopene. The IMT at the common carotid artery (CCA) and bifurcation of the carotid artery was measured by B-mode ultrasound. A total of 3707 and 2947 participants were included in the analyses of dietary and serum carotenoids. After adjustment for demographic, socio-economic and lifestyle factors, all the serum carotenoids levels except lycopene were found to be inversely associated with the IMT at the CCA and bifurcation (P trend<0·001 to 0·013) in both men and women. The absolute mean differences in the IMT between the subjects in the extreme quartiles of serum carotenoid levels were 0·034 mm (α-carotene), 0·037 mm (β-carotene), 0·032 mm (lutein+zeaxanthin), 0·030 mm (β-cryptoxanthin), 0·015 mm (lycopene) and 0·035 mm (total carotenoids) at the CCA; the corresponding values were 0·025, 0·053 0·043, 0·050, 0·011 and 0·042 mm at the bifurcation. The favourable associations were also observed between dietary carotenoids (except lycopene) and the CCA IMT. In conclusion, elevated carotenoid levels in diet and serum are associated with lower carotid IMT values (particular at the CCA) in Chinese adults.
Collapse
|
49
|
Mrázová J, Bučko O, Gažarová M, Kolesárová A, Kopčeková J, Chlebo P. The effect of the regular consumption of lard from fats of crossbreed Mangalitsa and breed of meat type pig on the lipid profile of consumers. POTRAVINARSTVO 2018. [DOI: 10.5219/957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of consumption of lard processed from crossbreed of the original mangalitsa genotype and the breed of meat type pigs on selected biochemical parameters: total cholesterol (T-C), LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol and triacylglycerols (TAG). Twenty-nine probands participated in the study, of which 14 women and 15 men (aged 21 - 59) who consumed regularly lard four times a week during 5 weeks. By evaluating the lipid profile of probands, we observed elevated hypercholesterolemia at the beginning of the study in 43% women and 27% men. Statistically significant differences were recorded in this group of probands, where we recorded a decrease in TC of 0.55 mmol.L-1 in the whole sample of probands with p <0.05 probability in the 2nd sample of study after 5 weeks of consumption of lard. Borderline high (up to 3.35 mmol.L-1) was found in 21% of women and 33% of men, and above LDL cholesterol was found in 79% of women and 60% of men. This high level of LDL cholesterol is considered a risk factor for the development of atherosclerosis. We can conclude from the results that regular consumption of lard has significantly reduced the total cholesterol levels, especially in women, this effect has been associated with lowering LDL cholesterol (p <0.01) and lowering HDL cholesterol.
Collapse
|
50
|
Makarewicz-Wujec M, Dworakowska A, Kozłowska-Wojciechowska M. Replacement of saturated and trans-fatty acids in the diet v. CVD risk in the light of the most recent studies. Public Health Nutr 2018; 21:2291-2300. [PMID: 29636118 PMCID: PMC11106013 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980018000782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Revised: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 03/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To present and discuss results of the most recent studies pertaining to the effects of consumption of different types of fatty acids on the risk of CVD. The aim was also an attempt to answer the question of whether a revision of the current recommendations is necessary. DESIGN A review of prospective cohort studies, systematic reviews and meta-analyses published in 2014-2017 on the effects of SFA and trans-fatty acid (TFA) intakes as well as various models of their replacement in the diet on CVD risk. RESULTS Results of the new large prospective cohort studies pertaining to the effect of SFA consumption on CVD risk are contradictory. Similarly, the recent meta-analyses of clinical trials related to the effects of SFA substitution on CVD risk provided extremely different results, which is related to the application of different inclusion and exclusion criteria. Differences in results of randomised controlled trials may be caused by different methodologies of dietary parameter changes, varying duration of studies, as well as the time at which they were carried out. CONCLUSIONS It is extremely difficult to extrapolate results of recent studies to contemporary recommendations. It seems that there is a need for properly randomised studies on large groups, with good control of dietary and non-dietary parameters, which account for not only the sum of SFA and TFA, but also their source. Only such studies will allow for full evaluation of an effect of substituting SFA and TFA on cardiovascular risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Makarewicz-Wujec
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Care, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Dworakowska
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Care, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | | |
Collapse
|