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Uno K, Hasan A, Nakayama EE, Rahim R, Harada H, Kaneko M, Hashimoto S, Tanaka T, Matsumoto H, Fujimiya H, Shioda T, Rahman M, Yoshizaki K. Predictive biomarkers of COVID-19 prognosis identified in Bangladesh patients and validated in Japanese cohorts. Sci Rep 2024; 14:12713. [PMID: 38830928 PMCID: PMC11148188 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-63184-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite high vaccination rates globally, countries are still grappling with new COVID infections, and patients diagnosed as mild dying at home during outpatient treatment. Hence, this study aim to identify, then validate, biomarkers that could predict if newly infected COVID-19 patients would subsequently require hospitalization or could recover safely with medication as outpatients. Serum cytokine/chemokine data from 129 COVID-19 patients within 7 days after the onset of symptoms in Bangladesh were used as training data. The majority of patients were infected with the Omicron variant and over 88% were vaccinated. Patients were divided into those with mild symptoms who recovered, and those who deteriorated to moderate or severe illness. Using the Lasso method, 15 predictive markers were identified and used to classify patients into these two groups. The biomarkers were then validated in a cohort of 194 Covid patients in Japan with a predictive accuracy that exceeded 80% for patients infected with Delta and Omicron variants, and 70% for Wuhan and Alpha variants. In an environment of widespread vaccination, these biomarkers could help medical practitioners determine if newly infected COVID-19 patients will improve and can be managed on an out-patient basis, or if they will deteriorate and require hospitalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuko Uno
- IFN and Host-Defense Research Laboratory, Louis Pasteur Center for Medical Research, Kyoto, Kyoto, 606-8225, Japan.
| | - Abu Hasan
- Evercare Hospital Dhaka, Plot-81, Block-E, Bashundhara R/A, Dhaka, 1229, Bangladesh
| | - Emi E Nakayama
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0781, Japan
| | - Rummana Rahim
- Evercare Hospital Dhaka, Plot-81, Block-E, Bashundhara R/A, Dhaka, 1229, Bangladesh
| | | | | | - Shoji Hashimoto
- Osaka Prefectural Hospital Organization Osaka Habikino Medical Center, Habikino, Osaka, 583‑8588, Japan
| | - Toshio Tanaka
- Kinki Central Hospital, Itami, Hyogo, 664-8533, Japan
| | - Hisatake Matsumoto
- Trauma and Acute Critical Care Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565‑0871, Japan
| | | | - Tatsuo Shioda
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0781, Japan
| | - Mizanur Rahman
- Evercare Hospital Dhaka, Plot-81, Block-E, Bashundhara R/A, Dhaka, 1229, Bangladesh
| | - Kazuyuki Yoshizaki
- Department of Organic Fine Chemicals, Institute of Scientific and Industry Research, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
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2
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Srivastava A, Nalroad Sundararaj S, Bhatia J, Singh Arya D. Understanding long COVID myocarditis: A comprehensive review. Cytokine 2024; 178:156584. [PMID: 38508059 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2024.156584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Infectious diseases are a cause of major concern in this twenty-first century. There have been reports of various outbreaks like severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in 2003, swine flu in 2009, Zika virus disease in 2015, and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) in 2012, since the start of this millennium. In addition to these outbreaks, the latest infectious disease to result in an outbreak is the SARS-CoV-2 infection. A viral infection recognized as a respiratory illness at the time of emergence, SARS-CoV-2 has wreaked havoc worldwide because of its long-lasting implications like heart failure, sepsis, organ failure, etc., and its significant impact on the global economy. Besides the acute illness, it also leads to symptoms months later which is called long COVID or post-COVID-19 condition. Due to its ever-increasing prevalence, it has been a significant challenge to treat the affected individuals and manage the complications as well. Myocarditis, a long-term complication of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an inflammatory condition involving the myocardium of the heart, which could even be fatal in the long term in cases of progression to ventricular dysfunction and heart failure. Thus, it is imperative to diagnose early and treat this condition in the affected individuals. At present, there are numerous studies which are in progress, investigating patients with COVID-19-related myocarditis and the treatment strategies. This review focuses primarily on myocarditis, a life-threatening complication of COVID-19 illness, and endeavors to elucidate the pathogenesis, biomarkers, and management of long COVID myocarditis along with pipeline drugs in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arti Srivastava
- Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India
| | | | - Jagriti Bhatia
- Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Dharamvir Singh Arya
- Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India.
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3
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Borczuk AC. Pathology of COVID-19 Lung Disease. Surg Pathol Clin 2024; 17:203-214. [PMID: 38692805 DOI: 10.1016/j.path.2023.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
The pathology of severe COVID-19 lung injury is predominantly diffuse alveolar damage, with other reported patterns including acute fibrinous organizing pneumonia, organizing pneumonia, and bronchiolitis. Lung injury was caused by primary viral injury, exaggerated immune responses, and superinfection with bacteria and fungi. Although fatality rates have decreased from the early phases of the pandemic, persistent pulmonary dysfunction occurs and its pathogenesis remains to be fully elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alain C Borczuk
- Department of Pathology, Northwell Health, 2200 Northern Boulevard Suite 104, Greenvale, NY 11548, USA.
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4
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Wilk P, Stranges S, Cuschieri S. Does sex modify the effect of pre-pandemic body mass index on the risk of Long COVID? Evidence from the longitudinal analysis of the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe. Int J Obes (Lond) 2024; 48:821-829. [PMID: 38287094 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-024-01477-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Research on Long COVID risk factors is ongoing. High body mass index (BMI) may increase Long COVID risk, yet no evidence has been established regarding sex differences in the relationship between BMI and the risk of Long COVID. Investigating the nature of this relationship was the main objective of this study. METHODS A population-based prospective study involving a sample of respondents aged 50 years and older (n = 4004) from 27 European countries that participated in the 2020 and 2021 Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe's (SHARE) Corona Surveys and in Waves 7 and 8 of the main SHARE survey. Logistic regression models were estimated to produce unadjusted and adjusted estimates of the sex differences in the relationship between BMI and Long COVID. RESULTS Linear relationship for females, with probability of Long COVID increasing with BMI (68% at BMI = 18, 93% at BMI = 45). Non-linear relationship for males, with probability of Long COVID of 27% at BMI = 18, 68% at BMI = 33, and 40% at BMI = 45. Relationships remained significant after adjusting for known Long COVID risk factors (age and COVID-19 hospitalization), presence of chronic diseases, and respondents' place of residence. CONCLUSION Sex differences appear to play an important role in the relationship between BMI and risk of Long COVID. Overall, females were more likely to have Long COVID, regardless of their BMI. Males at the higher end of the BMI spectrum had a lower risk of Long COVID as opposed to their female counterparts. Sex-specific research is recommended for better understanding of Long COVID risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Wilk
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Western University, London, ON, Canada
- Department of Epidemiology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Saverio Stranges
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Western University, London, ON, Canada
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- Department of Behavioural and Cognitive Sciences, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Sarah Cuschieri
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Western University, London, ON, Canada.
- Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Malta, Msida, Malta.
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5
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Zhao G, Gentile ME, Xue L, Cosgriff CV, Weiner AI, Adams-Tzivelekidis S, Wong J, Li X, Kass-Gergi S, Holcomb NP, Basal MC, Stewart KM, Planer JD, Cantu E, Christie JD, Crespo MM, Mitchell MJ, Meyer NJ, Vaughan AE. Vascular endothelial-derived SPARCL1 exacerbates viral pneumonia through pro-inflammatory macrophage activation. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4235. [PMID: 38762489 PMCID: PMC11102455 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48589-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Inflammation induced by lung infection is a double-edged sword, moderating both anti-viral and immune pathogenesis effects; the mechanism of the latter is not fully understood. Previous studies suggest the vasculature is involved in tissue injury. Here, we report that expression of Sparcl1, a secreted matricellular protein, is upregulated in pulmonary capillary endothelial cells (EC) during influenza-induced lung injury. Endothelial overexpression of SPARCL1 promotes detrimental lung inflammation, with SPARCL1 inducing 'M1-like' macrophages and related pro-inflammatory cytokines, while SPARCL1 deletion alleviates these effects. Mechanistically, SPARCL1 functions through TLR4 on macrophages in vitro, while TLR4 inhibition in vivo ameliorates excessive inflammation caused by endothelial Sparcl1 overexpression. Finally, SPARCL1 expression is increased in lung ECs from COVID-19 patients when compared with healthy donors, while fatal COVID-19 correlates with higher circulating SPARCL1 protein levels in the plasma. Our results thus implicate SPARCL1 as a potential prognosis biomarker for deadly COVID-19 pneumonia and as a therapeutic target for taming hyperinflammation in pneumonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gan Zhao
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
| | - Maria E Gentile
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Lulu Xue
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Christopher V Cosgriff
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Aaron I Weiner
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Stephanie Adams-Tzivelekidis
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Joanna Wong
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Xinyuan Li
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Sara Kass-Gergi
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Nicolas P Holcomb
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Maria C Basal
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Kathleen M Stewart
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Joseph D Planer
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Edward Cantu
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jason D Christie
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Maria M Crespo
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Michael J Mitchell
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Nuala J Meyer
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Andrew E Vaughan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
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6
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Viola H, Chen LH, Jo S, Washington K, Selva C, Li A, Feng D, Giacalone V, Stephenson ST, Cottrill K, Mohammed A, Williams E, Qu X, Lam W, Ng NL, Fitzpatrick A, Grunwell J, Tirouvanziam R, Takayama S. HIGH THROUGHPUT QUANTITATION OF HUMAN NEUTROPHIL RECRUITMENT AND FUNCTIONAL RESPONSES IN AN AIR-BLOOD BARRIER ARRAY. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.10.593624. [PMID: 38798413 PMCID: PMC11118313 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.10.593624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Dysregulated neutrophil recruitment drives many pulmonary diseases, but most preclinical screening methods are unsuited to evaluate pulmonary neutrophilia, limiting progress towards therapeutics. Namely, high throughput therapeutic screening systems typically exclude critical neutrophilic pathophysiology, including blood-to-lung recruitment, dysfunctional activation, and resulting impacts on the air-blood barrier. To meet the conflicting demands of physiological complexity and high throughput, we developed an assay of 96-well Leukocyte recruitment in an Air-Blood Barrier Array (L-ABBA-96) that enables in vivo -like neutrophil recruitment compatible with downstream phenotyping by automated flow cytometry. We modeled acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) with neutrophil recruitment to 20 ng/mL epithelial-side interleukin 8 (IL-8) and found a dose dependent reduction in recruitment with physiologic doses of baricitinib, a JAK1/2 inhibitor recently FDA-approved for severe COVID-19 ARDS. Additionally, neutrophil recruitment to patient-derived cystic fibrosis sputum supernatant induced disease-mimetic recruitment and activation of healthy donor neutrophils and upregulated endothelial e-selectin. Compared to 24-well assays, the L-ABBA-96 reduces required patient sample volumes by 25 times per well and quadruples throughput per plate. Compared to microfluidic assays, the L-ABBA-96 recruits two orders of magnitude more neutrophils per well, enabling downstream flow cytometry and other standard biochemical assays. This novel pairing of high-throughput in vitro modeling of organ-level lung function with parallel high-throughput leukocyte phenotyping substantially advances opportunities for pathophysiological studies, personalized medicine, and drug testing applications.
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7
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He X, Li Y, Liu J, Yan G, Gao X, Li G, Wei L, Feng G, Li J, Zhou H. The causal relationship between COVID-19 and ten esophageal diseases: a study utilizing Mendelian randomization. Front Med (Lausanne) 2024; 11:1346888. [PMID: 38751976 PMCID: PMC11094223 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2024.1346888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Clinical signs of dysphagia, pancreatic achalasia, and esophagitis have been reported in patients with COVID-19. However, the causal relationship between COVID-19 and esophageal diseases is not clear. Therefore, we utilized Mendelian randomization to explore the potential association between COVID-19 and esophageal diseases. Methods The summary statistics for a Genome-wide association study (GWAS) were obtained from The COVID-19 Host Genetics Initiative, encompassing four types of COVID-19 as exposure: severe COVID-19, hospitalized COVID-19 versus ambulatory COVID-19, hospitalized COVID-19 versus uninfected, and confirmed COVID-19. Additionally, summary statistics for ten esophageal diseases as outcomes were sourced from the GWAS Catalog and FinnGen databases. Univariate Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was utilized to thoroughly investigate and validate the potential causal association between COVID-19 and various esophageal conditions, including esophageal varices, Barrett's esophagus, esophagitis, esophageal obstruction, esophageal ulcer, esophageal perforation, gastroesophageal reflux, congenital esophageal malformations, benign esophageal tumors, and esophageal adenocarcinoma. Results An inverse variance-weighted (IVW) model was utilized for univariate Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis, which revealed that genetic liability in patients with confirmed COVID-19 was associated with esophageal obstruction (OR [95% CI]: 0.5275458 [0.2822400-0.9860563]; p-value = 0.0450699). Furthermore, a suggestive causal association was found between genetic liability and a reduced risk of benign esophageal tumors (OR [95% CI]: 0.2715453 [0.09368493-0.7870724]; p-value = 0.0163510), but with a suggestively increased risk of congenital esophageal malformations (OR [95% CI]: 6.959561 [1.1955828-40.51204]; p-value = 0.03086835). Additionally, genetic liability in hospitalized COVID-19 patients, compared to non-hospitalized COVID-19 patients, was suggestively associated with an increased risk of esophagitis (OR [95% CI]: 1.443859 [1.0890568-1.914252]; p-value = 0.01068201). The reliability of these causal findings is supported by Cochran's Q statistic and the MR-Egger intercept test. Conclusion The results of this study suggest the existence of a causal relationship between COVID-19 and esophageal diseases, highlighting differing risk effects of COVID-19 on distinct esophageal conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Huafu Zhou
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
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8
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Xu J, Abdulsalam Khaleel R, Zaidan HK, Faisal Mutee A, Fahmi Fawy K, Gehlot A, Abbas AH, Arias Gonzáles JL, Amin AH, Ruiz-Balvin MC, Imannezhad S, Bahrami A, Akhavan-Sigari R. Discovery of common molecular signatures and drug repurposing for COVID-19/Asthma comorbidity: ACE2 and multi-partite networks. Cell Cycle 2024:1-30. [PMID: 38640424 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2024.2340859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is identified as the functional receptor for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent of the ongoing global coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. This study aimed to elucidate potential therapeutic avenues by scrutinizing approved drugs through the identification of the genetic signature associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection in individuals with asthma. This exploration was conducted through an integrated analysis, encompassing interaction networks between the ACE2 receptor and common host (co-host) factors implicated in COVID-19/asthma comorbidity. The comprehensive analysis involved the identification of common differentially expressed genes (cDEGs) and hub-cDEGs, functional annotations, interaction networks, gene set variation analysis (GSVA), gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA), and module construction. Interaction networks were used to identify overlapping disease modules and potential drug targets. Computational biology and molecular docking analyzes were utilized to discern functional drug modules. Subsequently, the impact of the identified drugs on the expression of hub-cDEGs was experimentally validated using a mouse model. A total of 153 cDEGs or co-host factors associated with ACE2 were identified in the COVID-19 and asthma comorbidity. Among these, seven significant cDEGs and proteins - namely, HRAS, IFNG, JUN, CDH1, TLR4, ICAM1, and SCD-were recognized as pivotal host factors linked to ACE2. Regulatory network analysis of hub-cDEGs revealed eight top-ranked transcription factors (TFs) proteins and nine microRNAs as key regulatory factors operating at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels, respectively. Molecular docking simulations led to the proposal of 10 top-ranked repurposable drug molecules (Rapamycin, Ivermectin, Everolimus, Quercetin, Estradiol, Entrectinib, Nilotinib, Conivaptan, Radotinib, and Venetoclax) as potential treatment options for COVID-19 in individuals with comorbid asthma. Validation analysis demonstrated that Rapamycin effectively inhibited ICAM1 expression in the HDM-stimulated mice group (p < 0.01). This study unveils the common pathogenesis and genetic signature underlying asthma and SARS-CoV-2 infection, delineated by the interaction networks of ACE2-related host factors. These findings provide valuable insights for the design and discovery of drugs aimed at more effective therapeutics within the context of lung disease comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajun Xu
- College of Veterinary & Life Sciences, the University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | | | | | | | - Khaled Fahmi Fawy
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anita Gehlot
- Uttaranchal Institute of Technology, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, India
| | | | - José Luis Arias Gonzáles
- Department of Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Studies, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Ali H Amin
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | | | - Shima Imannezhad
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Bahrami
- Biomedical Center for Systems Biology Science Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
| | - Reza Akhavan-Sigari
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
- Department of Health Care Management and Clinical Research, Collegium Humanum, Warsaw, Poland
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9
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Abolhasani FS, Moein M, Rezaie N, Sheikhimehrabadi P, Shafiei M, Afkhami H, Modaresi M. Occurrence of COVID-19 in cystic fibrosis patients: a review. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1356926. [PMID: 38694803 PMCID: PMC11061495 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1356926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a genetic ailment caused by mutations in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene. This autosomal recessive disorder is characterized by diverse pathobiological abnormalities, such as the disorder of CFTR channels in mucosal surfaces, caused by inadequate clearance of mucus and sputum, in addition to the malfunctioning of mucous organs. However, the primary motive of mortality in CF patients is pulmonary failure, which is attributed to the colonization of opportunistic microorganisms, formation of resistant biofilms, and a subsequent decline in lung characteristics. In December 2019, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the outbreak of the radical coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) as a worldwide public health crisis, which unexpectedly spread not only within China but also globally. Given that the respiration system is the primary target of the COVID-19 virus, it is crucial to investigate the impact of COVID-19 on the pathogenesis and mortality of CF patients, mainly in the context of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Therefore, the goal of this review is to comprehensively review the present literature on the relationship between cystic fibrosis, COVID-19 contamination, and development of ARDS. Several investigations performed during the early stages of the virus outbreak have discovered unexpected findings regarding the occurrence and effectiveness of COVID-19 in individuals with CF. Contrary to initial expectancies, the rate of infection and the effectiveness of the virus in CF patients are lower than those in the overall population. This finding may be attributed to different factors, including the presence of thick mucus, social avoidance, using remedies that include azithromycin, the fairly younger age of CF patients, decreased presence of ACE-2 receptors, and the effect of CFTR channel disorder on the replication cycle and infectivity of the virus. However, it is important to notice that certain situations, which include undergoing a transplant, can also doubtlessly boost the susceptibility of CF patients to COVID-19. Furthermore, with an increase in age in CF patients, it is vital to take into account the prevalence of the SARS-CoV-2 virus in this population. Therefore, ordinary surveillance of CF patients is vital to evaluate and save the population from the capability of transmission of the virus given the various factors that contribute to the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak in this precise organization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Sadat Abolhasani
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masood Moein
- Department of Bacteriology and Virology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Niloofar Rezaie
- Department of Bacteriology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Morvarid Shafiei
- Department of Bacteriology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamed Afkhami
- Nervous System Stem Cells Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
- Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Modaresi
- Pediatric Pulmonary Disease and Sleep Medicine Research Center, Pediatric Center of Excellence, Children's Medical Center, Tehran, Iran
- Cystic Fibrosis Research Center, Iran CF Foundation (ICFF), Tehran, Iran
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10
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Primmaz S, Rochat Negro T, Suh N, Le Terrier C, Wozniak H, Pugin J, Bendjelid K. Pulmonary embolism impacts clinical outcomes of intubated patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome related to COVID-19. Anaesth Crit Care Pain Med 2024; 43:101348. [PMID: 38278355 DOI: 10.1016/j.accpm.2024.101348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pulmonary embolism (PE) in critically ill patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) caused by COVID-19 is a major complication which might impact survival. We aimed to determine the prevalence of PE and assess its impact of PE on clinical outcomes in intubated patients with ARDS due to COVID-19. METHODS All intubated patients with ARDS due to COVID-19 admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) of Geneva University Hospitals between March 9, 2020, and May 31, 2022, were included. A retrospective analysis was conducted on the occurrence of PE and its association with clinical outcomes. The primary outcome was ventilator-free days during the first 28 days after ICU admission. Linear regressions were performed to investigate the association between PE and outcomes. RESULTS Among the 370 intubated patients with ARDS related to COVID-19, 58 (15.7%) presented with PE. Patients with PE had significantly fewer ventilator-free days than patients without PE (median (IQR) of 3 (0-11) days versus 12 (0-19) days; p < 0.001). Mortality did not differ significantly between groups (12/58 [20.7%] of patients with PE versus 71/312 [22.8%] of patients without PE; p = 0.72). Duration of IMV, and ICU and hospital LOS were significantly longer among patients with PE. The need for ECMO support was similar among both groups. CONCLUSIONS The occurrence of PE in patients with ARDS due to COVID-19 had a significant impact on clinical outcomes. They had fewer ventilator-free days, longer duration of IMV, and longer ICU and hospital lengths of stay. However, pulmonary embolism was not associated with higher mortality. ETHICS APPROVAL Ethical committee of Geneva (BASEC #: 2020-00917).
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Affiliation(s)
- Steve Primmaz
- Division of Intensive Care, Geneva University Hospitals and the University of Geneva Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Tommaso Rochat Negro
- Division of Intensive Care, Geneva University Hospitals and the University of Geneva Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Noémie Suh
- Division of Intensive Care, Geneva University Hospitals and the University of Geneva Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Christophe Le Terrier
- Division of Intensive Care, Geneva University Hospitals and the University of Geneva Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Hannah Wozniak
- Division of Intensive Care, Geneva University Hospitals and the University of Geneva Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Jérôme Pugin
- Division of Intensive Care, Geneva University Hospitals and the University of Geneva Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Karim Bendjelid
- Division of Intensive Care, Geneva University Hospitals and the University of Geneva Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
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11
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Pulito-Cueto V, Sebastián Mora-Gil M, Ferrer-Pargada D, Remuzgo-Martínez S, Genre F, Lera-Gómez L, Alonso-Lecue P, Batista-Liz JC, Tello-Mena S, Abascal-Bolado B, Izquierdo S, Ruiz-Cubillán JJ, Armiñanzas-Castillo C, Blanco R, González-Gay MA, López-Mejías R, Cifrián JM. Inflammasome-Related Genetic Polymorphisms as Severity Biomarkers of COVID-19. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3731. [PMID: 38612539 PMCID: PMC11011752 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The most critical forms of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are associated with excessive activation of the inflammasome. Despite the COVID-19 impact on public health, we still do not fully understand the mechanisms by which the inflammatory response influences disease prognosis. Accordingly, we aimed to elucidate the role of polymorphisms in the key genes of the formation and signaling of the inflammasome as biomarkers of COVID-19 severity. For this purpose, a large and well-defined cohort of 377 COVID-19 patients with mild (n = 72), moderate (n = 84), severe (n = 100), and critical (n = 121) infections were included. A total of 24 polymorphisms located in inflammasome-related genes (NLRP3, NLRC4, NLRP1, CARD8, CASP1, IL1B, IL18, NFKB1, ATG16L1, and MIF) were genotyped in all of the patients and in the 192 healthy controls (HCs) (who were without COVID-19 at the time of and before the study) by RT-qPCR. Our results showed that patients with mild, moderate, severe, and critical COVID-19 presented similar allelic and genotypic distribution in all the variants studied. No statistically significant differences in the haplotypic distribution of NLRP3, NLRC4, NLRP1, CARD8, CASP1, IL1B, and ATG16L1 were observed between COVID-19 patients, who were stratified by disease severity. Each stratified group of patients presented a similar genetic distribution to the HCs. In conclusion, our results suggest that the inflammasome polymorphisms studied are not associated with the worsening of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verónica Pulito-Cueto
- Immunopathology Group, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital-Valdecilla Research Institute (IDIVAL), 39008 Santander, Spain; (M.S.M.-G.); (P.A.-L.); (J.C.B.-L.); (R.B.); (R.L.-M.); (J.M.C.)
- Department of Rheumatology, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital, 39008 Santander, Spain
| | - María Sebastián Mora-Gil
- Immunopathology Group, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital-Valdecilla Research Institute (IDIVAL), 39008 Santander, Spain; (M.S.M.-G.); (P.A.-L.); (J.C.B.-L.); (R.B.); (R.L.-M.); (J.M.C.)
- Department of Rheumatology, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital, 39008 Santander, Spain
| | - Diego Ferrer-Pargada
- Department of Pneumology, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital, 39008 Santander, Spain; (D.F.-P.); (S.T.-M.); (B.A.-B.); (S.I.); (J.J.R.-C.)
| | | | - Fernanda Genre
- Valdecilla Research Institute (IDIVAL), 39011 Santander, Spain; (S.R.-M.); (F.G.)
| | - Leticia Lera-Gómez
- Department of Microbiology, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital, 39008 Santander, Spain;
| | - Pilar Alonso-Lecue
- Immunopathology Group, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital-Valdecilla Research Institute (IDIVAL), 39008 Santander, Spain; (M.S.M.-G.); (P.A.-L.); (J.C.B.-L.); (R.B.); (R.L.-M.); (J.M.C.)
- Department of Pneumology, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital, 39008 Santander, Spain; (D.F.-P.); (S.T.-M.); (B.A.-B.); (S.I.); (J.J.R.-C.)
| | - Joao Carlos Batista-Liz
- Immunopathology Group, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital-Valdecilla Research Institute (IDIVAL), 39008 Santander, Spain; (M.S.M.-G.); (P.A.-L.); (J.C.B.-L.); (R.B.); (R.L.-M.); (J.M.C.)
- Department of Rheumatology, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital, 39008 Santander, Spain
| | - Sandra Tello-Mena
- Department of Pneumology, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital, 39008 Santander, Spain; (D.F.-P.); (S.T.-M.); (B.A.-B.); (S.I.); (J.J.R.-C.)
| | - Beatriz Abascal-Bolado
- Department of Pneumology, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital, 39008 Santander, Spain; (D.F.-P.); (S.T.-M.); (B.A.-B.); (S.I.); (J.J.R.-C.)
| | - Sheila Izquierdo
- Department of Pneumology, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital, 39008 Santander, Spain; (D.F.-P.); (S.T.-M.); (B.A.-B.); (S.I.); (J.J.R.-C.)
| | - Juan José Ruiz-Cubillán
- Department of Pneumology, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital, 39008 Santander, Spain; (D.F.-P.); (S.T.-M.); (B.A.-B.); (S.I.); (J.J.R.-C.)
| | | | - Ricardo Blanco
- Immunopathology Group, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital-Valdecilla Research Institute (IDIVAL), 39008 Santander, Spain; (M.S.M.-G.); (P.A.-L.); (J.C.B.-L.); (R.B.); (R.L.-M.); (J.M.C.)
- Department of Rheumatology, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital, 39008 Santander, Spain
| | - Miguel A. González-Gay
- School of Medicine, University of Cantabria, 39011 Santander, Spain;
- Department of Rheumatology, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Raquel López-Mejías
- Immunopathology Group, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital-Valdecilla Research Institute (IDIVAL), 39008 Santander, Spain; (M.S.M.-G.); (P.A.-L.); (J.C.B.-L.); (R.B.); (R.L.-M.); (J.M.C.)
- Department of Rheumatology, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital, 39008 Santander, Spain
| | - José M. Cifrián
- Immunopathology Group, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital-Valdecilla Research Institute (IDIVAL), 39008 Santander, Spain; (M.S.M.-G.); (P.A.-L.); (J.C.B.-L.); (R.B.); (R.L.-M.); (J.M.C.)
- Department of Pneumology, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital, 39008 Santander, Spain; (D.F.-P.); (S.T.-M.); (B.A.-B.); (S.I.); (J.J.R.-C.)
- School of Medicine, University of Cantabria, 39011 Santander, Spain;
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12
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Walsh P, Hankins A, Bang H. Point-of-care lung ultrasound predicts hyperferritinemia and hospitalization, but not elevated troponin in SARS-CoV-2 viral pneumonitis in children. Sci Rep 2024; 14:5899. [PMID: 38467670 PMCID: PMC10928070 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-55590-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 often causes viral pneumonitis, hyperferritinemia, elevations in D-dimer, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), transaminases, troponin, CRP, and other inflammatory markers. Lung ultrasound is increasingly used to diagnose and stratify viral pneumonitis severity. We retrospectively reviewed 427 visits in patients aged 14 days to 21 years who had had a point-of-care lung ultrasound in our pediatric emergency department from 30/November/2019 to 14/August/2021. Lung ultrasounds were categorized using a 6-point ordinal scale. Lung ultrasound abnormalities predicted increased hospitalization with a threshold effect. Increasingly abnormal laboratory values were associated with decreased discharge from the ED and increased admission to the ward and ICU. Among patients SARS-CoV-2 positive patients ferritin, LDH, and transaminases, but not CRP or troponin were significantly associated with abnormalities on lung ultrasound and also with threshold effects. This effect was not demonstrated in SARS-CoV-2 negative patients. D-Dimer, CRP, and troponin were sometimes elevated even when the lung ultrasound was normal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Walsh
- Pediatric Emergency Medicine, Sutter Medical Center Sacramento, 2825 Capitol Avenue, Sacramento, CA, USA.
| | - Andrea Hankins
- Sutter Institute for Medical Research, 2801 L Street, Sacramento, CA, USA
- Sutter Health Center for Health Systems Research, Sutter Health, Walnut Creek, CA, USA
| | - Heejung Bang
- Division of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of California Davis, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA, USA
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13
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Akhmaltdinova L, Mekhantseva I, Turgunova L, Kostinov M, Zhumadilova Z, Turmukhambetova A. Association of soluble PD-L1 and NLR combination with 1-Year mortality in patients with COVID-19. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 129:111600. [PMID: 38325048 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Understanding the relationship between patient immune characteristics, disease severity, and mortality represents a critical step in the fight against COVID-19. Elevated levels of programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) and Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) are linked to increased severity of acute COVID-19 in patients. This study aimed to investigate the association of the combination of sPD-L1 and NLR with 1-year Mortality in patients with COVID-19. METHODS A prospective study was conducted involving patients with COVID-19 in Karaganda, Kazakhstan. The level of sPD-L1 in the blood serum was evaluated by ELISA. The effect of biomarkers on the development of mortality was analyzed with multivariate regression. RESULTS The risk of mortality within one year HR was 2.46 if the plasma sPD-L1 value of more than 277.13 pg/ml, and for NLR more than 2.46 HR was 2.87. The model of combining sPD-L1 and NLR resulted in an improvement in the predictive accuracy of the Hazard Ratio 7.6 (95 % CI: 3.02-19.11). CONCLUSION The combination of two immune-mediated markers (sPD-L1 and NLR), which reflect the systemic inflammatory balance of activation and exhaustion, can complement each other and improve the assessment of the risk of death in patients with COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Irina Mekhantseva
- Karaganda Medical University, Scientific and Research Center, Karaganda, Kazakhstan.
| | - Lyudmila Turgunova
- Karaganda Medical University, Scientific and Research Center, Karaganda, Kazakhstan.
| | - Mikhail Kostinov
- I.I. Mechnikov Research Institute of Vaccines and Sera, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Department of Epidemiology and Modern Vaccination Technologies, Moscow, Russia.
| | - Zhibek Zhumadilova
- Karaganda Medical University, Scientific and Research Center, Karaganda, Kazakhstan.
| | - Anar Turmukhambetova
- Karaganda Medical University, Scientific and Research Center, Karaganda, Kazakhstan.
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14
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Asteris PG, Gandomi AH, Armaghani DJ, Kokoris S, Papandreadi AT, Roumelioti A, Papanikolaou S, Tsoukalas MZ, Triantafyllidis L, Koutras EI, Bardhan A, Mohammed AS, Naderpour H, Paudel S, Samui P, Ntanasis-Stathopoulos I, Dimopoulos MA, Terpos E. Prognosis of COVID-19 severity using DERGA, a novel machine learning algorithm. Eur J Intern Med 2024:S0953-6205(24)00094-3. [PMID: 38458880 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejim.2024.02.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
It is important to determine the risk for admission to the intensive care unit (ICU) in patients with COVID-19 presenting at the emergency department. Using artificial neural networks, we propose a new Data Ensemble Refinement Greedy Algorithm (DERGA) based on 15 easily accessible hematological indices. A database of 1596 patients with COVID-19 was used; it was divided into 1257 training datasets (80 % of the database) for training the algorithms and 339 testing datasets (20 % of the database) to check the reliability of the algorithms. The optimal combination of hematological indicators that gives the best prediction consists of only four hematological indicators as follows: neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), lactate dehydrogenase, ferritin, and albumin. The best prediction corresponds to a particularly high accuracy of 97.12 %. In conclusion, our novel approach provides a robust model based only on basic hematological parameters for predicting the risk for ICU admission and optimize COVID-19 patient management in the clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panagiotis G Asteris
- Computational Mechanics Laboratory, School of Pedagogical and Technological Education, Athens, Greece
| | - Amir H Gandomi
- Faculty of Engineering & IT, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia; University Research and Innovation Center (EKIK), Óbuda University, 1034 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Danial J Armaghani
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Styliani Kokoris
- Laboratory of Hematology and Hospital Blood Transfusion Department, University General Hospital "Attikon", National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Greece
| | - Anastasia T Papandreadi
- Software and Applications Department, University General Hospital "Attikon", National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Greece
| | - Anna Roumelioti
- Department of Hematology and Lymphoma BMTU, Evangelismos General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Stefanos Papanikolaou
- NOMATEN Centre of Excellence, National Center for Nuclear Research, ulica A. Sołtana 7, 05-400 Swierk/Otwock, Poland
| | - Markos Z Tsoukalas
- Computational Mechanics Laboratory, School of Pedagogical and Technological Education, Athens, Greece
| | - Leonidas Triantafyllidis
- Computational Mechanics Laboratory, School of Pedagogical and Technological Education, Athens, Greece
| | - Evangelos I Koutras
- Computational Mechanics Laboratory, School of Pedagogical and Technological Education, Athens, Greece
| | - Abidhan Bardhan
- Civil Engineering Department, National Institute of Technology Patna, Bihar, India
| | - Ahmed Salih Mohammed
- Engineering Department, American University of Iraq, Sulaimani, Kurdistan-Region, Iraq
| | - Hosein Naderpour
- Institute of Industrial Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satish Paudel
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Nevada, Reno, US
| | - Pijush Samui
- Civil Engineering Department, National Institute of Technology Patna, Bihar, India
| | - Ioannis Ntanasis-Stathopoulos
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, National Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Meletios A Dimopoulos
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, National Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Evangelos Terpos
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, National Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
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15
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Su S, Hu W, Chen X, Ren Y, Lu Y, Shi J, Zhang T, Zhang H, Wang M, Wang Y, Zhao F, Jin R, Liu Y, Zhang H, Liu G. Cardiac injury progression in children with multisystem inflammatory syndrome associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection: a review. Front Pediatr 2024; 12:1348016. [PMID: 38510081 PMCID: PMC10950994 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2024.1348016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
The symptoms and signs of infection caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) are milder in children than in adults. However, in April 2020, British pediatricians first reported that coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) may present as multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children and adolescents (MIS-C), similar to that observed in Kawasaki disease. MIS-C can be associated with multiple systemic injuries and even death in children. In addition to digestive system involvement, cardiac injury is prominent. This article reviews the pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, and treatment of cardiac injury caused by MIS-C, which may help clinicians in early diagnosis and timely commencement of treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Su
- Epilepsy Center, Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Epilepsy Center, Jinan Children's Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Wandong Hu
- Epilepsy Center, Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Epilepsy Center, Jinan Children's Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xiao Chen
- Epilepsy Center, Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Epilepsy Center, Jinan Children's Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Ying Ren
- Epilepsy Center, Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Epilepsy Center, Jinan Children's Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yi Lu
- Epilepsy Center, Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Epilepsy Center, Jinan Children's Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jianguo Shi
- Epilepsy Center, Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Epilepsy Center, Jinan Children's Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Tong Zhang
- Epilepsy Center, Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Epilepsy Center, Jinan Children's Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Huan Zhang
- Epilepsy Center, Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Epilepsy Center, Jinan Children's Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Meng Wang
- Epilepsy Center, Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Epilepsy Center, Jinan Children's Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yaping Wang
- Epilepsy Center, Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Epilepsy Center, Jinan Children's Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Fen Zhao
- Epilepsy Center, Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Epilepsy Center, Jinan Children's Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Ruifeng Jin
- Epilepsy Center, Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Epilepsy Center, Jinan Children's Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yong Liu
- Epilepsy Center, Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Epilepsy Center, Jinan Children's Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Hongwei Zhang
- Epilepsy Center, Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Epilepsy Center, Jinan Children's Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Guohua Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jinan Children's Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
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16
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Reiter L, Greffrath J, Zidel B, Ostrowski M, Gommerman J, Madhi SA, Tran R, Martin-Orozco N, Panicker RKG, Cooper C, Pastrak A. Comparable safety and non-inferior immunogenicity of the SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine candidate PTX-COVID19-B and BNT162b2 in a phase 2 randomized, observer-blinded study. Sci Rep 2024; 14:5365. [PMID: 38438427 PMCID: PMC10912344 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-55320-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
In the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic, the evolution of the SARS-CoV-2 into a seasonal pathogen along with the emergence of new variants, underscores the need for dynamic and adaptable responses, emphasizing the importance of sustained vaccination strategies. This observer-blind, double-dummy, randomized immunobridging phase 2 study (NCT05175742) aimed to compare the immunogenicity induced by two doses of 40 μg PTX-COVID19-B vaccine candidate administered 28 days apart, with the response induced by two doses of 30 µg Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine (BNT162b2), administered 21 days apart, in Nucleocapsid-protein seronegative adults 18-64 years of age. Both vaccines were administrated via intramuscular injection in the deltoid muscle. Two weeks after the second dose, the neutralizing antibody (NAb) geometric mean titer ratio and seroconversion rate met the non-inferiority criteria, successfully achieving the primary immunogenicity endpoints of the study. PTX-COVID19-B demonstrated similar safety and tolerability profile to BNT162b2 vaccine. The lowest NAb response was observed in subjects with low-to-undetectable NAb at baseline or no reported breakthrough infection. Conversely, participants who experienced breakthrough infections during the study exhibited higher NAb titers. This study also shows induction of cell-mediated immune (CMI) responses by PTX-COVID19-B. In conclusion, the vaccine candidate PTX-COVID19-B demonstrated favourable safety profile along with immunogenicity similar to the active comparator BNT162b2 vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lawrence Reiter
- Providence Therapeutics Holdings Inc., 120-8832 Blackfoot Trail SE, Calgary, AB, T2J 3J1, Canada
| | - Johann Greffrath
- South African Medical Research Council Vaccines and Infectious Diseases Analytics Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Bian Zidel
- Malton Medical Center, 6870 Goreway Dr., Mississauga, ON, L4V 1P1, Canada
| | - Mario Ostrowski
- Department of Medicine, Immunology, University of Toronto, Medical Sciences Building, Rm 6271. 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Jennifer Gommerman
- Department of Immunology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, 1 King's College Circle, Rm. 7233, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Shabir A Madhi
- South African Medical Research Council Vaccines and Infectious Diseases Analytics Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Richard Tran
- Providence Therapeutics Holdings Inc., 120-8832 Blackfoot Trail SE, Calgary, AB, T2J 3J1, Canada
| | - Natalia Martin-Orozco
- Providence Therapeutics Holdings Inc., 120-8832 Blackfoot Trail SE, Calgary, AB, T2J 3J1, Canada
| | | | - Curtis Cooper
- The Ottawa Hospital Viral Hepatitis Program, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, 75 Laurier Ave. East, Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Aleksandra Pastrak
- Providence Therapeutics Holdings Inc., 120-8832 Blackfoot Trail SE, Calgary, AB, T2J 3J1, Canada.
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17
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Yu L, Liu Y, Feng Y. Cardiac arrhythmia in COVID-19 patients. Ann Noninvasive Electrocardiol 2024; 29:e13105. [PMID: 38339786 PMCID: PMC10858328 DOI: 10.1111/anec.13105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was first introduced in December 2019, which is known as severe acute respiratory syndrome caused by coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) that is a serious and life-threatening disease. Although pneumonia is the most common manifestation of COVID-19 and was initially introduced as a respiratory infection, in fact, the infection of COVID-19 is a subset of complications and damage to various organs. There are several reports of cardiac involvement with COVID-19. A wide range of cardiac complications may occur following COVID-19 infection, including systolic heart failure, myocarditis, pericarditis, atrial and ventricular arrhythmias, and thromboembolic events. There are various hypotheses about the pathophysiology of cardiovascular involvement by this virus. At the top of these hypotheses is the release of cytokines to the heart. Although there are other assumptions, considering that one of the causes of death in patients with COVID-19 is arrhythmia. It is necessary to know correctly about its pathophysiology and etiology. Therefore, in this study, we have reviewed the articles of recent years in the field of pathophysiology and etiology of arrhythmia in patients with COVID-19 infection. The purpose of this study was to provide a basis for a correct and more comprehensive understanding of the pathogenesis of arrhythmia in patients with COVID-19 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Yu
- Department of CardiologyJinan Third People's HospitalJinanChina
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of CardiologyShandong Second Provincial General HospitalJinanChina
| | - Yanjing Feng
- Department of CardiologyShandong Second Provincial General HospitalJinanChina
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18
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Zhou J, Li C, Lu M, Jiang G, Chen S, Li H, Lu K. Pharmacological induction of autophagy reduces inflammation in macrophages by degrading immunoproteasome subunits. PLoS Biol 2024; 22:e3002537. [PMID: 38447109 PMCID: PMC10917451 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3002537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Defective autophagy is linked to proinflammatory diseases. However, the mechanisms by which autophagy limits inflammation remain elusive. Here, we found that the pan-FGFR inhibitor LY2874455 efficiently activated autophagy and suppressed expression of proinflammatory factors in macrophages stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Multiplex proteomic profiling identified the immunoproteasome, which is a specific isoform of the 20s constitutive proteasome, as a substrate that is degraded by selective autophagy. SQSTM1/p62 was found to be a selective autophagy-related receptor that mediated this degradation. Autophagy deficiency or p62 knockdown blocked the effects of LY2874455, leading to the accumulation of immunoproteasomes and increases in inflammatory reactions. Expression of proinflammatory factors in autophagy-deficient macrophages could be reversed by immunoproteasome inhibitors, confirming the pivotal role of immunoproteasome turnover in the autophagy-mediated suppression on the expression of proinflammatory factors. In mice, LY2874455 protected against LPS-induced acute lung injury and dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis and caused low levels of proinflammatory cytokines and immunoproteasomes. These findings suggested that selective autophagy of the immunoproteasome was a key regulator of signaling via the innate immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and the Research Units of West China, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Chunxia Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and the Research Units of West China, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Meng Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and the Research Units of West China, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Gaoyue Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and the Research Units of West China, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Shanze Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen People’s Hospital, Shenzhen Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Shenzhen, China
| | - Huihui Li
- West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Kefeng Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and the Research Units of West China, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
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19
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Kahrizi MS, Nasiri K, Ebrahimzadeh F, Yaseri AF, Ghodratizadeh S, Gholamrezaei M, Rahat Dahmardeh A, Adili A, Amjidifar R, Hemmatzadeh M, Arabi M, Maghsoudi MR, Mohammadi H. Lymphopenia associated with survivin and its downstream pathway in COVID-19 serving as a potential route in COVID-19 pathogenesis. Adv Med Sci 2024; 69:190-197. [PMID: 38521459 DOI: 10.1016/j.advms.2024.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Starting in 2019, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused an epidemic that was growing rapidly and has harmed millions of people globally. It has been demonstrated that survivin regulates lymphocyte survival, a main route involved in COVID-19 pathogenesis. Survivin belongs to the inhibitor of apoptosis protein (IAP) family, and its primary functions comprise regulating mitosis and inhibiting apoptosis. Since lower survivin expression has been shown to increase the sensitivity of lymphocytes to apoptotic induction, we looked into the function of survivin and its corresponding pathways in COVID-19 pathogenesis. MATERIALS AND METHODS The expression of survivin, X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP), caspases 3, 7, 9, and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) was evaluated at both mRNA and protein levels in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) derived from healthy donors and patients with severe and moderate COVID-19 by qRT-PCR and Western blotting, respectively. Then, we enforced apoptosis to COVID-19 patient-derived lymphocytes, and the percent was assessed by flow cytometry. RESULTS Survivin and XIAP were less expressed in PBMCs derived from COVID-19 patients as apoptosis inhibitors than PARP, cleaved-PARP, caspase 9, and cleaved caspases 3 and 7, according to the results of real-time PCR and Western blot analysis. Additionally, according to the flow cytometry results, the down-regulation of survivin served as a potential factor in the lymphocyte depletion observed in patients with COVID-19. CONCLUSION The role of survivin and its related pathway was first discovered in the development of COVID-19 and may serve as a potential prognostic and therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kamyar Nasiri
- Department of Dentistry, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farnoosh Ebrahimzadeh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Soroush Ghodratizadeh
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Mostafa Gholamrezaei
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Alireza Rahat Dahmardeh
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Ali Adili
- Department of Oncology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Senior Adult Oncology Department, Moffitt Cancer Center, University of South, Florida, USA
| | - Rosita Amjidifar
- Department of Microbiology, Islamic Azad University of Iran, Ahar, Iran
| | - Maryam Hemmatzadeh
- Department of Immunology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohsen Arabi
- Department of Physiology, Pharmacology and Medical Physics, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Maghsoudi
- Faculty of Emergency Medicine & Toxicology, Emergency Department, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Hamed Mohammadi
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran.
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20
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Shbeer AM. Mystery of COVID 19: Focusing on important ncRNAs and effective signaling pathways. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 255:155155. [PMID: 38354486 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
This article provides a thorough investigation of the essential role of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) in the context of COVID-19, emphasizing their impact on the complex molecular dynamics of the viral infection. By conducting a systematic review of existing literature, we identify key ncRNAs involved in different stages of the viral life cycle, modulation of host immune response, and disease progression. The importance of microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs, and other ncRNA types emerges as influential factors in shaping the interaction between the host and the virus. Additionally, the study delves into the effective signaling pathways linked to COVID-19 pathogenesis, uncovering intricate molecular cascades that govern viral entry, replication, and host cell response. This exploration encompasses established pathways such as IL-6/JAK/STAT signaling, highlighting their interplay within the context of COVID-19. By synthesizing this knowledge, our aim is not only to enhance our understanding of the molecular complexities of COVID-19 but also to reveal potential therapeutic targets. Through elucidating the interaction between ncRNAs and signaling pathways, our article seeks to contribute to ongoing efforts in developing targeted interventions against COVID-19, ultimately advancing our ability to address this global health crisis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah M Shbeer
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia.
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21
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Sehgal IS, Agarwal R, Jindal A, Siddiqui MS, Mohan A, Pal A, Guleria R, Bhalla A, Kajal K, Malhotra P, Puri GD, Khadanga S, Joshi R, Singh S, Saigal S, Nagarkar NM, Suri V, Bhatnagar S, Tiwari P, Singh MP, Yaddanapudi LN, Mittal S, Chauhan A, Banerjee G, Rai DK, Gupta BK. A multicentre, double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized trial of Mycobacterium w in critically ill patients with COVID-19 (ARMY-2). Lung India 2024; 41:84-92. [PMID: 38700400 PMCID: PMC10959309 DOI: 10.4103/lungindia.lungindia_426_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mycobacterium w (Mw), an immunomodulator, resulted in better clinical status in severe coronavirus infectious disease 19 (COVID-19) but no survival benefit in a previous study. Herein, we investigate whether Mw could improve clinical outcomes and survival in COVID-19. MATERIALS AND METHODS In a multicentric, randomized, double-blind, parallel-group, placebo-controlled trial, we randomized hospitalized subjects with severe COVID-19 to receive either 0.3 mL/day of Mw intradermally or a matching placebo for three consecutive days. The primary outcome was 28-day mortality. The co-primary outcome was the distribution of clinical status assessed on a seven-point ordinal scale ranging from discharged (category 1) to death (category 7) on study days 14, 21, and 28. The key secondary outcomes were the change in sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score on days 7 and 14 compared to the baseline, treatment-emergent adverse events, and others. RESULTS We included 273 subjects (136 Mw, 137 placebo). The use of Mw did not improve 28-day survival (Mw vs. placebo, 18 [13.2%] vs. 12 [8.8%], P = 0.259) or the clinical status on days 14 (odds ratio [OR], 1.33; 95% confidence intervals [CI], 0.79-2.3), 21 (OR, 1.49; 95% CI, 0.83-2.7) or 28 (OR, 1.49; 95% CI, 0.79-2.8) between the two study arms. There was no difference in the delta SOFA score or other secondary outcomes between the two groups. We observed higher injection site reactions with Mw. CONCLUSION Mw did not reduce 28-day mortality or improve clinical status on days 14, 21 and 28 compared to placebo in patients with severe COVID-19. [Trial identifier: CTRI/2020/04/024846].
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Affiliation(s)
- Inderpaul S. Sehgal
- Department of Pulmonary, Medicine, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Ritesh Agarwal
- Department of Pulmonary, Medicine, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Atul Jindal
- Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Md Sabah Siddiqui
- Department of Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Anant Mohan
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Sleep Disorders, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Arnab Pal
- Department of Biochemistry, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Randeep Guleria
- Chairman and Director Medical Education, Institute of Internal Medicine and Respiratory and Sleep Medicine and Medanta, Gurugram, Haryana, India
| | - Ashish Bhalla
- Department of Internal Medicine, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Kamal Kajal
- Department of Anesthesia, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Pankaj Malhotra
- Department of Clinical Hematology and Medical Oncology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Goverdhan Dutt Puri
- Department of Anesthesia, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Sagar Khadanga
- Department of Internal Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Rajnish Joshi
- Department of Internal Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Sarman Singh
- Former Director and CEO, Department of Clinical Microbiology, AIIMS, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Saurabh Saigal
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Nitin M. Nagarkar
- Director and CEO, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Vikas Suri
- Department of Internal Medicine, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Sushma Bhatnagar
- Department of Oncoanesthesia and Palliative Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Pawan Tiwari
- Department of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Mini P. Singh
- Department of Virology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | | | - Saurabh Mittal
- Department of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Anshika Chauhan
- Department of Biochemistry, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Gaurab Banerjee
- Co-founder, Molsys Private Limited, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Deependra K. Rai
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Science, Phulwarisharif, Patna, Bihar, India
| | - Bikram K. Gupta
- Additional Professor and Head of Department of Pulmonary Medicine, AIIMS, Patna, Bihar, India
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Yang XY, Liu T, Jiang SC, Zhang ZW, Fu YF, Li ZL, Hu J, Yuan S. Antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 non-structural protein 3 cross-react with human muscle cells and neuroglial cells. Vaccine 2024; 42:1259-1267. [PMID: 38281898 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.01.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines protect the public and limit viral spread. However, inactivated viral vaccines use the whole virus particle, which contains many non-capsid proteins that may cause adverse immune responses. A report has found that the ADP-ribose-binding domains of SARS-CoV-2 non-structural protein 3 (NSP3) and human poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase family member 14 (PARP14) share a significant degree of homology. Here, we further show that antibodies against 2019 novel SARS-like coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) NSP3 can bind human PARP14 protein. However, when G159R + G162R mutations were introduced into NSP3, the antibody titer against human PARP14 decreased 14-fold. Antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 NSP3 can cross-react with human skeletal muscle cells and astrocytes, but not human embryonic kidney 293T cells. However, when G159R + G162R mutations were introduced into NSP3, the cross-reaction was largely inhibited. The results imply that COVID-19 patients with high antibody titers against NSP3 may have high risks of muscular and/or neurological complications. And the possible strategies to improve the safety of inactivated viral vaccines are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Yue Yang
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Ting Liu
- Sichuan Kelun Pharmaceutical Comp. Ltd., Chengdu 610071, China
| | - Si-Cong Jiang
- Haisco Pharmaceutical Group Comp. Ltd., Chengdu 611138, China
| | - Zhong-Wei Zhang
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yu-Fan Fu
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Zi-Lin Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Medical University of the Air Force, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Jing Hu
- School of Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Shu Yuan
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
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23
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Psenicka O, Brutvan T, Kratky J, Krizova J. Muscle Dysfunction and Functional Status in COVID-19 Patients during Illness and after Hospital Discharge. Biomedicines 2024; 12:460. [PMID: 38398063 PMCID: PMC10887156 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12020460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND COVID-19 pneumonia is associated with SIRS and hypercatabolism. The aim of this study was to determine muscle loss during the acute phase of COVID-19 pneumonia and evaluate long-term sequelae in discharged patients. METHODS A total of 16 patients with COVID-19 pneumonia and respiratory insufficiency were included in the study. Selected parameters (weight, BMI, LBM = lean body mass, albumin, CRP, NLR = neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, ultrasound measured thickness of rectus femoris muscle = US RF and rectus femoris + vastus intermedius = US RF + VI, handgrip strength, quality of life = EQ-5D questionnaire, and activities of daily living = Barthel's ADLs) were recorded on admission, discharge, and 1, 3, and 6 months after discharge. RESULTS The most significant changes were between hospital admission and discharge: US RF and RF + VI (-1.28 ± 1.97 mm, p = 0.046; -1.76 ± 2.94 mm, p = 0.05), EQ-5D score (14.6 ± 19.2, p = 0.02), and ADLs (17.1 ± 22.6; p = 0.02). There was a significant positive correlation between US RF + VI and handgrip strength (p = 0.014) and a negative correlation between weight and Barthel index (p = 0.012). There was an association between muscle function with an EQ-5D score and ADLs during outpatient check-ups, most noticeably between handgrip strength, US RF+VI, and ADLs (p = 0.08; p = 0.1, respectively). Conclusions: In patients with COVID-19 pneumonia, there is a significant reduction of health-related quality of life, impaired even 6 months after hospital discharge, influenced mainly by muscle loss. During the hospital stay, there was a significant muscle mass reduction. Ultrasound measurement of thigh muscle thickness may be a useful method to monitor muscle loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Otakar Psenicka
- 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, General University Hospital, 120 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (T.B.); (J.K.); (J.K.)
- 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 120 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Tomas Brutvan
- 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, General University Hospital, 120 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (T.B.); (J.K.); (J.K.)
- 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 120 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Kratky
- 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, General University Hospital, 120 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (T.B.); (J.K.); (J.K.)
- 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 120 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jarmila Krizova
- 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, General University Hospital, 120 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (T.B.); (J.K.); (J.K.)
- 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 120 00 Prague, Czech Republic
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24
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Kakavandi S, Hajikhani B, Azizi P, Aziziyan F, Nabi-Afjadi M, Farani MR, Zalpoor H, Azarian M, Saadi MI, Gharesi-Fard B, Terpos E, Zare I, Motamedifar M. COVID-19 in patients with anemia and haematological malignancies: risk factors, clinical guidelines, and emerging therapeutic approaches. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:126. [PMID: 38360719 PMCID: PMC10868124 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01316-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Extensive research in countries with high sociodemographic indices (SDIs) to date has shown that coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) may be directly associated with more severe outcomes among patients living with haematological disorders and malignancies (HDMs). Because individuals with moderate to severe immunodeficiency are likely to undergo persistent infections, shed virus particles for prolonged periods, and lack an inflammatory or abortive phase, this represents an overall risk of morbidity and mortality from COVID-19. In cases suffering from HDMs, further investigation is needed to achieve a better understanding of triviruses and a group of related variants in patients with anemia and HDMs, as well as their treatment through vaccines, drugs, and other methods. Against this background, the present study aimed to delineate the relationship between HDMs and the novel COVID-19, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Besides, effective treatment options for HDM cases were further explored to address this epidemic and its variants. Therefore, learning about how COVID-19 manifests in these patients, along with exploiting the most appropriate treatments, may lead to the development of treatment and care strategies by clinicians and researchers to help patients recover faster. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sareh Kakavandi
- Department of Bacteriology and Virology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Bahareh Hajikhani
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Paniz Azizi
- Psychological and Brain Science Departments, Program in Neuroscience, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Fatemeh Aziziyan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Nabi-Afjadi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marzieh Ramezani Farani
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Nano Bio High-Tech Materials Research Center, Inha University, Incheon, 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Hamidreza Zalpoor
- Student Research Committee, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
- Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy & Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education & Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Azarian
- Department of Radiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | - Evangelos Terpos
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Iman Zare
- Research and Development Department, Sina Medical Biochemistry Technologies Co., Ltd., Shiraz, 7178795844, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Motamedifar
- Department of Bacteriology and Virology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
- Shiraz HIV/AIDS Research Center, Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
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25
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Zhao G, Xue L, Geisler HC, Xu J, Li X, Mitchell MJ, Vaughan AE. Precision treatment of viral pneumonia through macrophage-targeted lipid nanoparticle delivery. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2314747121. [PMID: 38315853 PMCID: PMC10873611 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2314747121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are integral components of the innate immune system, playing a dual role in host defense during infection and pathophysiological states. Macrophages contribute to immune responses and aid in combatting various infections, yet their production of abundant proinflammatory cytokines can lead to uncontrolled inflammation and worsened tissue damage. Therefore, reducing macrophage-derived proinflammatory cytokine release represents a promising approach for treating various acute and chronic inflammatory disorders. However, limited macrophage-specific delivery vehicles have hindered the development of macrophage-targeted therapies. In this study, we screened a pool of 112 lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) to identify an optimal LNP formulation for efficient siRNA delivery. Subsequently, by conjugating the macrophage-specific antibody F4/80 to the LNP surface, we constructed MacLNP, an enhanced LNP formulation designed for targeted macrophage delivery. In both in vitro and in vivo experiments, MacLNP demonstrated a significant enhancement in targeting macrophages. Specifically, delivery of siRNA targeting TAK1, a critical kinase upstream of multiple inflammatory pathways, effectively suppressed the phosphorylation/activation of NF-kB. LNP-mediated inhibition of NF-kB, a key upstream regulator in the classic inflammatory signaling pathway, in the murine macrophage cell line RAW264.7 significantly reduced the release of proinflammatory cytokines after stimulation with the viral RNA mimic Poly(I:C). Finally, intranasal administration of MacLNP-encapsulated TAK1 siRNA markedly ameliorated lung injury induced by influenza infection. In conclusion, our findings validate the potential of targeted macrophage interventions in attenuating inflammatory responses, reinforcing the potential of LNP-mediated macrophage targeting to treat pulmonary inflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gan Zhao
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA19104
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA19104
- Penn-Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia Lung Biology Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA19104
| | - Lulu Xue
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA19104
| | - Hannah C. Geisler
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA19104
| | - Junchao Xu
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA19104
| | - Xinyuan Li
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA19104
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA19104
- Penn-Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia Lung Biology Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA19104
| | - Michael J. Mitchell
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA19104
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA19104
- Penn Institute for RNA Innovation, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA19104
- Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA19104
- Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA19104
- Cardiovascular Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA19014
| | - Andrew E. Vaughan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA19104
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA19104
- Penn-Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia Lung Biology Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA19104
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26
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Kesika P, Thangaleela S, Sisubalan N, Radha A, Sivamaruthi BS, Chaiyasut C. The Role of the Nuclear Factor-Kappa B (NF-κB) Pathway in SARS-CoV-2 Infection. Pathogens 2024; 13:164. [PMID: 38392902 PMCID: PMC10892479 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens13020164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 is a global health threat caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and is associated with a significant increase in morbidity and mortality. The present review discusses nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) activation and its potential therapeutical role in treating COVID-19. COVID-19 pathogenesis, the major NF-κB pathways, and the involvement of NF-κB in SARS-CoV-2 have been detailed. Specifically, NF-κB activation and its impact on managing COVID-19 has been discussed. As a central player in the immune and inflammatory responses, modulating NF-κB activation could offer a strategic avenue for managing SARS-CoV-2 infection. Understanding the NF-κB pathway's role could aid in developing treatments against SARS-CoV-2. Further investigations into the intricacies of NF-κB activation are required to reveal effective therapeutic strategies for managing and combating the SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Periyanaina Kesika
- Office of Research Administration, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (P.K.); (N.S.)
- Innovation Center for Holistic Health, Nutraceuticals, and Cosmeceuticals, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Subramanian Thangaleela
- Institute of Biotechnology, Department of Medical Biotechnology and Integrative Physiology, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai 602105, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Natarajan Sisubalan
- Office of Research Administration, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (P.K.); (N.S.)
- Innovation Center for Holistic Health, Nutraceuticals, and Cosmeceuticals, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Arumugam Radha
- Department of Animal Science, School of Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620024, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Chaiyavat Chaiyasut
- Innovation Center for Holistic Health, Nutraceuticals, and Cosmeceuticals, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
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Lu DE, Ou TY, Kang JW, Ong JY, Chen IJ, Lee CH, Lee MC. The association between tocilizumab and the secondary bloodstream infection maybe nonsignificant in hospitalized patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection: A cohort study. JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY, IMMUNOLOGY, AND INFECTION = WEI MIAN YU GAN RAN ZA ZHI 2024; 57:38-47. [PMID: 37951803 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmii.2023.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immunomodulatory agents, such as tocilizumab (TCZ), exert promising effects against SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, growing evidence indicates that using TCZ may carry higher risks of secondary bloodstream infection (sBSI). This study determined whether TCZ is associated with an increased risk of sBSI. METHODS We retrospectively collected the demographic and clinical data of hospitalized patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection from two Taiwanese hospitals. The time-to-incident sBSI in the TCZ users and nonusers was compared using the log-rank test. A multivariate Cox proportional hazards model was performed to identify independent risk factors for sBSI. RESULTS Between May 1 and August 31, 2021, among 453 patients enrolled, 12 (2.65 %) developed sBSI. These patients were in hospital for longer duration (44.2 ± 31.4 vs. 17.6 ± 14.3 days, p = 0.014). Despite sBSI being more prevalent among the TCZ users (7.1 % vs. 1.6 %, p = 0.005), Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and multivariate Cox proportional hazards model both revealed no significant difference in risks of sBSI between the TCZ users and nonusers [adjusted HR (aHR) = 1.32 (95 % confidence interval (CI) = 0.29-6.05), p = 0.724]. Female sex [aHR = 7.00 (95 % CI = 1.45-33.92), p = 0.016], heavy drinking [aHR = 5.39 (95 % CI = 1.01-28.89), p = 0.049], and mechanical ventilation [aHR = 5.65 (95 % CI = 1.67-19.30), p = 0.006] were independently associated with a higher sBSI risk. CONCLUSION This real-world evidence indicates that in hospitalized patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection, TCZ does not significantly increase the risk of sBSI.
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Affiliation(s)
- De-En Lu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Pulmonary Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Tsong-Yih Ou
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Nursing, Cardinal Tien College of Healthcare and Management, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Jyun-Wei Kang
- Department of Pharmacy, New Taipei City Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan.
| | - Jie Ywi Ong
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Pulmonary Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - I-Ju Chen
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, New Taipei City Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan.
| | - Chih-Hsin Lee
- Pulmonary Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Ming-Chia Lee
- Department of Nursing, Cardinal Tien College of Healthcare and Management, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Pharmacy, New Taipei City Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan; School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Rieder AS, Wyse ATS. Regulation of Inflammation by IRAK-M Pathway Can Be Associated with nAchRalpha7 Activation and COVID-19. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:581-592. [PMID: 37640915 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03567-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
In spite of the vaccine development and its importance, the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic is still impacting the world. It is known that the COVID-19 severity is related to the cytokine storm phenomenon, being inflammation a common disease feature. The nicotinic cholinergic system has been widely associated with COVID-19 since it plays a protective role in inflammation via nicotinic receptor alpha 7 (nAchRalpha7). In addition, SARS-CoV-2 spike protein (Spro) subunits can interact with nAchRalpha7. Moreover, Spro causes toll-like receptor (TLR) activation, leading to pro- and anti-inflammatory pathways. The increase and maturation of the IL-1 receptor-associated kinase (IRAK) family are mediated by activation of membrane receptors, such as TLRs. IRAK-M, a member of this family, is responsible for negatively regulating the activity of other active IRAKs. In addition, IRAK-M can regulate microglia phenotype by specific protein expression. Furthermore, there exists an antagonist influence of SARS-CoV-2 Spro and the cholinergic system action on the IRAK-M pathway and microglia phenotype. We discuss the overexpression and suppression of IRAK-M in inflammatory cell response to inflammation in SARS-CoV-2 infection when the cholinergic system is constantly activated via nAchRalpha7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessanda S Rieder
- Laboratory of Neuroprotection and Neurometabolic Diseases (Wyse's Lab), Department of Biochemistry, ICBS, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600-Anexo, Porto Alegre RS, 90035-003, Brazil
| | - Angela T S Wyse
- Laboratory of Neuroprotection and Neurometabolic Diseases (Wyse's Lab), Department of Biochemistry, ICBS, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600-Anexo, Porto Alegre RS, 90035-003, Brazil.
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Hong X, Wang X, Dai N, Sun Y, Liu H, Cheng X, Ye J, Shi H, Hu Q, Meng J, Zhou Z, Yang C, Teng J, Su Y, Chi H. Characteristics of COVID-19 and Impact of Disease Activity in Patients with Adult-Onset Still's Disease. Rheumatol Ther 2024; 11:201-212. [PMID: 38183598 PMCID: PMC10796879 DOI: 10.1007/s40744-023-00632-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study aimed to characterize the morbidity, hospitalization, and mortality rates among patients with adult-onset Still's disease (AOSD) affected by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and explore the impact of COVID-19 on the disease activity of AOSD. METHODS Data on the clinical and demographic characteristics, COVID-19-related symptoms, and outcomes were retrospectively collected. Patients were stratified according to COVID-19 severity and associations between risk factors and outcomes were analyzed using multivariate logistic regression. The disease activity of patients with AOSD flares after COVID-19 was described. RESULTS A total of 188 patients with AOSD were followed up, of whom 75.5% (n = 142) had a confirmed or highly suspected COVID-19. Patients on medium or high-dose oral glucocorticoids or Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors were at increased risk of developing moderate to severe COVID-19. Six patients suffered flares of AOSD following COVID-19 in a short period; however, the relapse rate was not statistically increased compared with patients without COVID-19. CONCLUSION Patients with AOSD receiving medium or high-dose glucocorticoid therapy or JAK inhibitors had worse COVID-19 outcomes. Further work is needed to explore risk factors affecting COVID-19 outcomes and the impact of COVID-19 on disease activity in AOSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Hong
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 197 Ruijin Second Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Xiaoming Wang
- Department of General Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ningqi Dai
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 197 Ruijin Second Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Yue Sun
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 197 Ruijin Second Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Honglei Liu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 197 Ruijin Second Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Xiaobing Cheng
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 197 Ruijin Second Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Junna Ye
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 197 Ruijin Second Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Hui Shi
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 197 Ruijin Second Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Qiongyi Hu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 197 Ruijin Second Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Jianfen Meng
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 197 Ruijin Second Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Zhuochao Zhou
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 197 Ruijin Second Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Chengde Yang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 197 Ruijin Second Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Jialin Teng
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 197 Ruijin Second Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Yutong Su
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 197 Ruijin Second Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Huihui Chi
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 197 Ruijin Second Road, Shanghai, 200025, China.
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Keith P, Bohn RIC, Nguyen T, Scott LK, Richmond M, Day M, Choe C, Perkins L, Burnside R, Pyke R, Rikard B, Guffey A, Saini A, Park HJ, Carcillo J. Improved survival in COVID-19 related sepsis and ARDS treated with a unique "triple therapy" including therapeutic plasma exchange: A single center retrospective analysis. J Clin Apher 2024; 39:e22107. [PMID: 38404046 DOI: 10.1002/jca.22107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, the mortality of critically ill patients remained high. Our group developed a treatment regimen targeting sepsis and ARDS which we labeled "triple therapy" consisting of (1) corticosteroids, (2) therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE), and (3) timely intubation with lung protective ventilation. Our propensity analysis assesses the impact of triple therapy on survival in COVID-19 patients with sepsis and ARDS. METHODS Retrospective propensity analysis comparing triple therapy to no triple therapy in adult critically ill COVID-19 patients admitted to the Intensive Care Unit at Lexington Medical Center from 1 March 2020 through 31 October 2021. RESULTS Eight hundred and fifty-one patients were admitted with COVID-19 and 53 clinical and laboratory variables were analyzed. Multivariable analysis revealed that triple therapy was associated with increased survival (OR: 1.91; P = .008). Two propensity score-adjusted models demonstrated an increased likelihood of survival in patients receiving triple therapy. Patients with thrombocytopenia were among those most likely to experience increased survival if they received early triple therapy. Decreased survival was observed with endotracheal intubation ≥7 days from hospital admission (P < .001) and there was a trend toward decreased survival if TPE was initiated ≥6 days from hospital admission (P = .091). CONCLUSION Our analysis shows that early triple therapy, defined as high-dose methylprednisolone, TPE, and timely invasive mechanical ventilation within the first 96 hours of admission, may improve survival in critically ill septic patients with ARDS secondary to COVID-19 infection. Further studies are needed to define specific phenotypes and characteristics that will identify those patients most likely to benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip Keith
- Lexington Medical Center, West Columbia, South Carolina, USA
| | | | - Trung Nguyen
- Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - L Keith Scott
- Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, Louisiana, USA
| | - Monty Richmond
- Medical Center Downtown, MUSC Health Columbia, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
| | - Matthew Day
- Lexington Medical Center, West Columbia, South Carolina, USA
| | - Carol Choe
- Lexington Medical Center, West Columbia, South Carolina, USA
| | - Linda Perkins
- Lexington Medical Center, West Columbia, South Carolina, USA
| | | | - Richard Pyke
- Lexington Medical Center, West Columbia, South Carolina, USA
| | - Ben Rikard
- Lexington Medical Center, West Columbia, South Carolina, USA
| | - Amanda Guffey
- Lexington Medical Center, West Columbia, South Carolina, USA
| | - Arun Saini
- Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - H J Park
- Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Joseph Carcillo
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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Ruscitti P, Cantarini L, Nigrovic PA, McGonagle D, Giacomelli R. Recent advances and evolving concepts in Still's disease. Nat Rev Rheumatol 2024; 20:116-132. [PMID: 38212542 DOI: 10.1038/s41584-023-01065-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Still's disease is a rare inflammatory syndrome that encompasses systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis and adult-onset Still's disease, both of which can exhibit life-threatening complications, including macrophage activation syndrome (MAS), a secondary form of haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis. Genetic insights into Still's disease involve both HLA and non-HLA susceptibility genes, suggesting the involvement of adaptive immune cell-mediated immunity. At the same time, phenotypic evidence indicates the involvement of autoinflammatory processes. Evidence also implicates the type I interferon signature, mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 signalling and ferritin in the pathogenesis of Still's disease and MAS. Pathological entities associated with Still's disease include lung disease that could be associated with biologic DMARDs and with the occurrence of MAS. Historically, monophasic, recurrent and persistent Still's disease courses were recognized. Newer proposals of alternative Still's disease clusters could enable better dissection of clinical heterogeneity on the basis of immune cell profiles that could represent diverse endotypes or phases of disease activity. Therapeutically, data on IL-1 and IL-6 antagonism and Janus kinase inhibition suggest the importance of early administration in Still's disease. Furthermore, there is evidence that patients who develop MAS can be treated with IFNγ antagonism. Despite these developments, unmet needs remain that can form the basis for the design of future studies leading to improvement of disease management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piero Ruscitti
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy.
| | - Luca Cantarini
- Department of Medical Sciences, Surgery and Neurosciences, Research Center of Systemic Autoinflammatory Diseases and Behçet's Disease Clinic, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Peter A Nigrovic
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation, and Immunity, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Dennis McGonagle
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine (LIRMM), University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leeds Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), Leeds Teaching Hospitals, Leeds, UK
| | - Roberto Giacomelli
- Clinical and research section of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Fondazione Policlinico Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy
- Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Rome "Campus Biomedico", School of Medicine, Rome, Italy
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Madrid J, Agarwal P, Müller-Peltzer K, Askani M, Benning L, Selig M, Diehl P, Kalbhenn J, Trummer G, Utzolino S, Wengenmayer T, Busch HJ, Stolz D, Rieg S, Panning M, Schlett CL, Bamberg F, Askani E. Vaccination protects against acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in hospitalized patients with COVID-19. Clin Exp Med 2024; 24:21. [PMID: 38280024 PMCID: PMC10822002 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-023-01293-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/29/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to analyze the effect of COVID-19 vaccination on the occurrence of ARDS in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. The study population of this retrospective, single-center cohort study consisted of hospitalized COVID-19 patients with known vaccination status and chest computed tomography imaging between July 2021 and February 2022. The impact of vaccination on ARDS in COVID-19 patients was assessed through logistic regression adjusting for demographic differences and confounding factors with statistical differences determined using confidence intervals and effect sizes. A total of 167 patients (69% male, average age 58 years, 95% CI [55; 60], 42% fully vaccinated) were included in the data analysis. Vaccinated COVID-19 patients had a reduced relative risk (RR) of developing ARDS (RR: 0.40, 95% CI [0.21; 0.62]). Consequently, non-vaccinated hospitalized patients had a 2.5-fold higher probability of developing ARDS. This risk reduction persisted after adjusting for several confounding variables (RR: 0.64, 95% CI [0.29; 0.94]) in multivariate analysis. The protective effect of COVID-19 vaccination increased with ARDS severity (RR: 0.61, 95% CI [0.37; 0.92]). Particularly, patients under 60 years old were at risk for ARDS onset and seemed to benefit from COVID-19 vaccination (RR: 0.51, 95% CI [0.20; 0.90]). COVID-19 vaccination showed to reduce the risk of ARDS occurrence in hospitalized COVID-19 patients, with a particularly strong effect in patients under 60 years old and those with more severe ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Madrid
- Department of Cardiology, Pneumology, Angiology, Acute Geriatrics and Intensive Care, Ortenau Klinikum, Klostenstraße 19, 77933, Lahr/Schwarzwald, Germany.
| | - Prerana Agarwal
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Katharina Müller-Peltzer
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Marvin Askani
- Department of Protestant Theology, Faculty of Theology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Leo Benning
- University Emergency Center, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Mischa Selig
- G.E.R.N. Research Center for Tissue Replacement, Regeneration and Neogenesis, Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Philipp Diehl
- Department of Cardiology, Pneumology, Angiology, Acute Geriatrics and Intensive Care, Ortenau Klinikum, Klostenstraße 19, 77933, Lahr/Schwarzwald, Germany
| | - Johannes Kalbhenn
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Georg Trummer
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Utzolino
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Tobias Wengenmayer
- Interdisciplinary Medical Intensive Care, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Hans-Jörg Busch
- University Emergency Center, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Daiana Stolz
- Clinic of Respiratory Medicine, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Siegbert Rieg
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine II, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Marcus Panning
- Institute of Virology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Christopher L Schlett
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Fabian Bamberg
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Esther Askani
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany.
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Móvio MI, de Almeida GWC, Martines IDGL, Barros de Lima G, Sasaki SD, Kihara AH, Poole E, Nevels M, Carlan da Silva MC. SARS-CoV-2 ORF8 as a Modulator of Cytokine Induction: Evidence and Search for Molecular Mechanisms. Viruses 2024; 16:161. [PMID: 38275971 PMCID: PMC10819295 DOI: 10.3390/v16010161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Severe cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection are characterized by an immune response that leads to the overproduction of pro-inflammatory cytokines, resulting in lung damage, cardiovascular symptoms, hematologic symptoms, acute kidney injury and multiple organ failure that can lead to death. This remarkable increase in cytokines and other inflammatory molecules is primarily caused by viral proteins, and particular interest has been given to ORF8, a unique accessory protein specific to SARS-CoV-2. Despite plenty of research, the precise mechanisms by which ORF8 induces proinflammatory cytokines are not clear. Our investigations demonstrated that ORF8 augments production of IL-6 induced by Poly(I:C) in human embryonic kidney (HEK)-293 and monocyte-derived dendritic cells (mono-DCs). We discuss our findings and the multifaceted roles of ORF8 as a modulator of cytokine response, focusing on type I interferon and IL-6, a key component of the immune response to SARS-CoV-2. In addition, we explore the hypothesis that ORF8 may act through pattern recognition receptors of dsRNA such as TLRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marília Inês Móvio
- Laboratório de Neurogenética, Universidade Federal do ABC (UFABC), São Bernardo do Campo, São Paulo 09606-070, Brazil; (M.I.M.)
| | - Giovana Waner Carneiro de Almeida
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas (CCNH), Universidade Federal do UFABC (UFABC), São Bernardo do Campo, São Paulo 09606-070, Brazil; (G.W.C.d.A.); (G.B.d.L.); (S.D.S.)
| | - Isabella das Graças Lopes Martines
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas (CCNH), Universidade Federal do UFABC (UFABC), São Bernardo do Campo, São Paulo 09606-070, Brazil; (G.W.C.d.A.); (G.B.d.L.); (S.D.S.)
| | - Gilmara Barros de Lima
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas (CCNH), Universidade Federal do UFABC (UFABC), São Bernardo do Campo, São Paulo 09606-070, Brazil; (G.W.C.d.A.); (G.B.d.L.); (S.D.S.)
| | - Sergio Daishi Sasaki
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas (CCNH), Universidade Federal do UFABC (UFABC), São Bernardo do Campo, São Paulo 09606-070, Brazil; (G.W.C.d.A.); (G.B.d.L.); (S.D.S.)
| | - Alexandre Hiroaki Kihara
- Laboratório de Neurogenética, Universidade Federal do ABC (UFABC), São Bernardo do Campo, São Paulo 09606-070, Brazil; (M.I.M.)
| | - Emma Poole
- Division of Virology, Department of Pathology, Cambridge University, Level 5, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Michael Nevels
- School of Biology, University of St Andrews, St Andrews KY16 9ST, UK;
| | - Maria Cristina Carlan da Silva
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas (CCNH), Universidade Federal do UFABC (UFABC), São Bernardo do Campo, São Paulo 09606-070, Brazil; (G.W.C.d.A.); (G.B.d.L.); (S.D.S.)
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Park JB. Methyl 2-[3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoylamino]-3-phenylpropanoate Is a Potent Cell-Permeable Anti-Cytokine Compound To Inhibit Inflammatory Cytokines in Monocyte/Macrophage-Like Cells. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2024; 388:181-189. [PMID: 37918857 PMCID: PMC10765419 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.123.001830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Cytokines are signaling molecules involved in inflammation process. Interleukin (IL)-6 is one of pivotal inflammatory cytokines associated with many human diseases. Therefore, there are on-going efforts to find a therapeutic to inhibit IL-6 and other cytokines. Methyl 2-[3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoylamino]-3-phenylpropanoate (MHPAP) is a phenolic amide ester, transported better than its non-ester form (NEF) in monocyte/macrophage-like cells. However, there is no information about the effects of their cell permeability on cytokines. Therefore, the effects of MHPAP and NEF on cytokines were investigated in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated THP-1 and human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). In the THP-1 cells, MHPAP significantly inhibited IL-6, IL-1beta, IL-8, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha (P < 0.05), but NEF showed no effects. MHPAP also inhibited nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) p65 phosphorylation in the THP-1 cells (P < 0.05), without significant effects on c-FOS, ATF-2, and JUN phosphorylations. Because NF-κB p65 is phosphorylated by IκB kinase (IKK), in silico analysis was performed on IKK. MHPAP was found to bind to IKK better than an IKK inhibitor ((E)-2-fluoro-4'-methoxystilbene). Furthermore, MHPAP inhibited the luminescence increased in the LPS-stimulated NF-κB-Luc2 THP-1 cells. As anticipated, MHPAP was also found to inhibit IL-6, IL-1beta, IL-8, and TNF-alpha significantly in LPS-stimulated PBMCs (P < 0.05). Especially, MHPAP inhibited IL-6 and IL-1beta with an IC50 of 0.85 and 0.87 µM, better than IL-8 (1.58 µM) and TNF-alpha (1.22 µM) in the cells. Altogether, the data suggest that cell permeability may have a significant impact on MHPAP's ability to inhibit cytokines and MHPAP may be used as a potent cell-permeable compound to inhibit inflammatory cytokines in monocyte/macrophage-like cells. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Potential effects of MHPAP and NEF on inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-8, IL-1beta, and TNF-alpha) were investigated in LPS-stimulated THP-1 and PBMCs. Cell transport had a great impact on cytokine inhibition in the cells. MHPAP was also found to inhibit NF-κB pathway, which was supported by in silico and NF-κB reporter (Luc)-THP-1 data. Also, in LPS-stimulated PBMCs, MHPAP significantly inhibited IL-6, IL-1beta, IL-8, and TNF-alpha, suggesting that MHPAP may be a potent cell-permeable compound to inhibit inflammatory cytokines in monocyte/macrophage-like cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae B Park
- Diet, Genomics, and Immunology Laboratory, US Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, Maryland
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Mackieh R, Al-Bakkar N, Kfoury M, Okdeh N, Pietra H, Roufayel R, Legros C, Fajloun Z, Sabatier JM. Unlocking the Benefits of Fasting: A Review of its Impact on Various Biological Systems and Human Health. Curr Med Chem 2024; 31:1781-1803. [PMID: 38018193 DOI: 10.2174/0109298673275492231121062033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Fasting has gained significant attention in recent years for its potential health benefits in various body systems. This review aims to comprehensively examine the effects of fasting on human health, specifically focusing on its impact on different body's physiological systems. The cardiovascular system plays a vital role in maintaining overall health, and fasting has shown promising effects in improving cardiovascular health markers such as blood pressure, cholesterol levels, and triglyceride levels. Additionally, fasting has been suggested to enhance insulin sensitivity, promote weight loss, and improve metabolic health, thus offering potential benefits to individuals with diabetes and metabolic disorders. Furthermore, fasting can boost immune function, reduce inflammation, enhance autophagy, and support the body's defense against infections, cancer, and autoimmune diseases. Fasting has also demonstrated a positive effect on the brain and nervous system. It has been associated with neuroprotective properties, improving cognitive function, and reducing the risk of neurodegenerative diseases, besides the ability of increasing the lifespan. Hence, understanding the potential advantages of fasting can provide valuable insights for individuals and healthcare professionals alike in promoting health and wellbeing. The data presented here may have significant implications for the development of therapeutic approaches and interventions using fasting as a potential preventive and therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rawan Mackieh
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Lebanese University, Campus Michel Slayman Ras Maska, Tripoli 1352, Lebanon
| | - Nadia Al-Bakkar
- Faculty of Health Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Beirut Arab University, Beirut Campus, P.O. Box 11 50 20, Riad El Solh, Beirut 11072809, Lebanon
| | - Milena Kfoury
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Lebanese University, Campus Michel Slayman Ras Maska, Tripoli 1352, Lebanon
| | - Nathalie Okdeh
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Lebanese University, Campus Michel Slayman Ras Maska, Tripoli 1352, Lebanon
| | - Hervé Pietra
- Association Esprit Jeûne & Fasting Spirit, 226, Chemin du Pélican, Toulon 83000, France
| | - Rabih Roufayel
- College of Engineering and Technology, American University of the Middle East, Hadiya, Kuwait
| | - Christian Legros
- Univ Angers, INSERM, CNRS, MITOVASC, Team 2 CarMe, SFR ICAT, Angers 49000, France
| | - Ziad Fajloun
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Lebanese University, Campus Michel Slayman Ras Maska, Tripoli 1352, Lebanon
- Laboratory of Applied Biotechnology (LBA3B), Azm Center for Research in Biotechnology and its Applications, EDST, Lebanese University, Tripoli 1300, Lebanon
| | - Jean-Marc Sabatier
- Aix-- Marseille Université, CNRS, INP, Inst Neurophysiopathol, Marseille 13385, France
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Abdel-Salam Elgohary M, Ali A, J Alarfaj S, Shahin H, Ibrahim Zaki A, Medhat Hasan E, Emam Mohamed M, Mahmoud Elkholy A, El-Masry TA, Samir Kamal J, Ali AbdelRahim M, Wageh Saber A, Seadawy MG, Elshishtawy MHM, El-Bouseary MM. Even one dose of tocilizumab could hinder bad prognosis of cytokines storm in COVID-19 patients. Cytokine 2024; 173:156433. [PMID: 37972479 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2023.156433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Severe COVID-19 pneumonia is a principal cause of death due to cascade of hyper inflammatory condition that leading to lung damage. Therefore, an effective therapy to countercurrent the surge of uncontrolled inflammation is mandatory to propose. Anti-interlukin-6 receptor antagonist monoclonal therapy, tocilizumab (TCZ) showed potential results in COVID-19 patients. This study aimed to emphasize the factors associated with mortality in COVID-19 patients that treated with tocilizumab and may influence the level of serum IL-6. A retrospective cohort study included all patients with clinical parameters that pointed to presence of cytokines storm and treated with one or more doses of TCZ beside the regular protocol of COVID-19 pneumonia. The factors that influence the mortality in addition to the level of serum IL-6 were analyzed. A total of 377 patients were included, 69.5 % of them received only one dose of TCZ which started mainly at the third day of admission. The mortality rate was 29.44 %. Regardless the time of starting TCZ, just one dose was fair enough to prevent bad consequence; OR = 0.04, P = 0.001.However, in spite of protective action of TCZ, older age and female sex were significant risk factors for mortality, P = 0.001 and 0.01 respectively, as well heart disease. Moreover, increasing the level of neutrophil, AST and IL-6 were associated with bad prognosis. In the same line, treatment with ivermectin, chloroquine and remdesivir inversely affect the level of IL-6. Early treatments of COVID-19 pneumonia with at least one dose of tocilizumab minimized the fatality rate.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Asmaa Ali
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Abbassia Chest Hospital, MOH, Cairo, Egypt; Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China.
| | - Sumaiah J Alarfaj
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University. P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Hesham Shahin
- Chest Consultant, Manager of Military Chest Hospital, Cairo, Egypt.
| | | | | | | | | | - Thanaa A El-Masry
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Egypt.
| | | | | | - Ashgan Wageh Saber
- Chemistry Laboratory Department, Central Military Laboratories, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed G Seadawy
- Biological Prevention Department, Ministry of Defense, Cairo, Egypt.
| | | | - Maisra M El-Bouseary
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt.
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37
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Spadera L, Lugarà M, Spadera M, Conticelli M, Oliva G, Bassi V, Apuzzi V, Calderaro F, Fattoruso O, Guzzi P, D'Amora M, Catapano O, Marra R, Galdo M, Zappalà M, Inui T, Mette M, Vitiello G, Corvino M, Tortoriello G. Adjunctive use of oral MAF is associated with no disease progression or mortality in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 pneumonia: The single-arm COral-MAF1 prospective trial. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 169:115894. [PMID: 37988850 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Based on a growing body of evidence that a dysregulated innate immune response mediated by monocytes/macrophages plays a key role in the pathogenesis of COVID-19, a clinical trial was conducted to investigate the therapeutic potential and safety of oral macrophage activating factor (MAF) plus standard of care (SoC) in the treatment of hospitalized patients with COVID-19 pneumonia. Ninety-seven hospitalized patients with confirmed COVID-19 pneumonia were treated with oral MAF and a vitamin D3 supplement, in combination with SoC, in a single-arm, open label, multicentre, phase II clinical trial. The primary outcome measure was a reduction in an intensive care unit transfer rate below 13% after MAF administration. At the end of the study, an additional propensity score matching (PSM) analysis was performed to compare the MAF group with a control group treated with SoC alone. Out of 97 patients treated with MAF, none needed care in the ICU and/or intubation with mechanical ventilation or died during hospitalization. Oxygen therapy was discontinued after a median of nine days of MAF treatment. The median length of viral shedding and hospital stay was 14 days and 18 days, respectively. After PSM, statistically significant differences were found in all of the in-hospital outcomes between the two groups. No mild to serious adverse events were recorded during the study. Notwithstanding the limitations of a single-arm study, which prevented definitive conclusions, a 21-day course of MAF treatment plus SoC was found to be safe and promising in the treatment of hospitalized adult patients with COVID-19 pneumonia. Further research will be needed to confirm these preliminary findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucrezia Spadera
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Ospedale del Mare hospital, ASL Napoli 1 Centro, Naples, Italy.
| | - Marina Lugarà
- Department of General Medicine, Ospedale del Mare hospital, ASL Napoli 1 Centro, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Spadera
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, San Giovanni Bosco hospital, ASL Napoli 1 Centro, Naples, Italy
| | - Mariano Conticelli
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Ospedale del Mare Hospital, ASL Napoli 1 Centro, Naples, Italy
| | - Gabriella Oliva
- Department of General Medicine, Ospedale del Mare hospital, ASL Napoli 1 Centro, Naples, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Bassi
- Department of General Medicine, San Giovanni Bosco Hospital, ASL Napoli 1 Centro, Naples, Italy
| | - Valentina Apuzzi
- Department of General Medicine, San Giovanni Bosco Hospital, ASL Napoli 1 Centro, Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Calderaro
- Department of General Medicine, San Giovanni Bosco Hospital, ASL Napoli 1 Centro, Naples, Italy
| | - Olimpia Fattoruso
- Department of Clinical Pathology, San Giovanni Bosco Hospital, ASL Napoli 1 Centro, Naples, Italy
| | - Pietro Guzzi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario, Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Maurizio D'Amora
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Clinical Pathology, San Paolo Hospital, ASL Napoli 1 Centro, Naples, Italy
| | - Oriana Catapano
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Clinical Pathology, San Paolo Hospital, ASL Napoli 1 Centro, Naples, Italy
| | - Roberta Marra
- Department of Pharmacy, Ospedale del Mare Hospital, ASL Napoli 1 Centro, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Galdo
- Department of Pharmacy, AORN Ospedali dei Colli Monaldi - Cotugno - C.T.O. Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - Michele Zappalà
- Department of Medicine, Vesuvio Clinic, ASL Napoli 1 Centro, Naples, Italy
| | - Toshio Inui
- Department of Life System, Institute of Technology and Science, Graduate School, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan; Saisei Mirai Cell Processing Center, Osaka, Japan; Saisei Mirai Keihan Clinic, Osaka, Japan; Saisei Mirai Kobe Clinic, Kobe, Japan
| | - Martin Mette
- Saisei Mirai Keihan Clinic, Osaka, Japan; Saisei Mirai Kobe Clinic, Kobe, Japan
| | - Giuseppe Vitiello
- Department of Health Management, Ospedale del Mare hospital, ASL Napoli 1 Centro, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Corvino
- Department of Health Management, ASL Napoli 1 Centro, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Tortoriello
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, AORN Ospedali dei Colli Monaldi - Cotugno - C.T.O. Hospital, Naples, Italy
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Jeong HY, Park JS, Woo JS, Lee KH, Choi JW, Kang HY, Na HS, Lee YS, Um IG, Park SH, Cho ML. SARS-CoV-2 spike protein accelerates systemic sclerosis by increasing inflammatory cytokines, Th17 cells, and fibrosis. J Inflamm (Lond) 2023; 20:46. [PMID: 38129904 PMCID: PMC10740237 DOI: 10.1186/s12950-023-00362-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) induces a dysfunctional immune response, inflammation, autoantibody production, and coagulopathy, which are symptoms that bear resemblance to those of autoimmune diseases, including systemic sclerosis (SSc). METHODS While there is a single case report suggesting an association between COVID-19 and SSc, the effects of COVID-19 on SSc are not yet fully understood. Human embryonic kidney 293 (HEK293) cells were transfected with the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein gene, in the presence of TGF-β. The expression levels of fibrosis-related proteins were measured via Western blotting. A bleomycin (BLM)-induced SSc mouse model was employed, wherein mice were injected with the gene encoding the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and the ACE2 receptor. The levels of fibrosis, autoantibodies, thrombotic factors, and inflammatory cytokines in tissues and serum were analyzed. RESULTS In vitro, the expression levels of fibrosis marker proteins were elevated in the spike protein group compared to the control group. In vivo, the skin thickness of SSc mice increased following exposure to the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. Furthermore, the levels of autoantibodies and thrombotic factors, such as anti-phospholipid antibodies (APLA), were significantly increased in the presence of the protein. Flow cytometry analysis revealed increased expression of the proinflammatory cytokine IL-17 in the skin, lungs, and blood. Moreover, tissue fibrosis and levels of inflammatory cytokines in skin and lung tissues were markedly escalated in SSc mice subjected to the protein. CONCLUSION COVID-19 may accelerate the development and progression of SSc by intensifying fibrosis through the upregulation of inflammation, autoantibody production, and thrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ha Yeon Jeong
- The Rheumatism Research Center, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, Korea
- Lab of Translational ImmunoMedicine, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, Korea
- Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, Korea
| | - Jin-Sil Park
- The Rheumatism Research Center, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, Korea
- Lab of Translational ImmunoMedicine, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, Korea
| | - Jin Seok Woo
- The Rheumatism Research Center, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, Korea
- Lab of Translational ImmunoMedicine, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, Korea
| | - Kun Hee Lee
- The Rheumatism Research Center, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, Korea
- Lab of Translational ImmunoMedicine, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, Korea
- Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, Korea
- Department of Medical Life Sciences, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, Korea
| | - Jeong Won Choi
- The Rheumatism Research Center, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, Korea
- Lab of Translational ImmunoMedicine, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, Korea
| | - Hye Yeon Kang
- The Rheumatism Research Center, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, Korea
- Lab of Translational ImmunoMedicine, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, Korea
- Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, Korea
| | - Hyun Sik Na
- The Rheumatism Research Center, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, Korea
- Lab of Translational ImmunoMedicine, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, Korea
- Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, Korea
| | - Yeon Su Lee
- The Rheumatism Research Center, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, Korea
- Lab of Translational ImmunoMedicine, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, Korea
- Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, Korea
| | - In Gyu Um
- The Rheumatism Research Center, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, Korea
- Lab of Translational ImmunoMedicine, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, Korea
- Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, Korea
| | - Sung-Hwan Park
- The Rheumatism Research Center, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, Korea.
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, Korea.
| | - Mi-La Cho
- The Rheumatism Research Center, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, Korea.
- Lab of Translational ImmunoMedicine, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, Korea.
- Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, Korea.
- Department of Medical Life Sciences, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, Korea.
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Mohebalizadeh M, Babapour G, Maleki Aghdam M, Mohammadi T, Jafari R, Shafiei-Irannejad V. Role of Maternal Immune Factors in Neuroimmunology of Brain Development. Mol Neurobiol 2023:10.1007/s12035-023-03749-2. [PMID: 38057641 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03749-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation during pregnancy may occur due to various factors. This condition, in which maternal immune system activation occurs, can affect fetal brain development and be related to neurodevelopmental diseases. MIA interacts with the fetus's brain development through maternal antibodies, cytokines, chemokines, and microglial cells. Antibodies are associated with the development of the nervous system by two mechanisms: direct binding to brain inflammatory factors and binding to brain antigens. Cytokines and chemokines have an active presence in inflammatory processes. Additionally, glial cells, defenders of the nervous system, play an essential role in synaptic modulation and neurogenesis. Maternal infections during pregnancy are the most critical factors related to MIA; however, several studies show the relation between these infections and neurodevelopmental diseases. Infection with specific viruses, such as Zika, cytomegalovirus, influenza A, and SARS-CoV-2, has revealed effects on neurodevelopment and the onset of diseases such as schizophrenia and autism. We review the relationship between maternal infections during pregnancy and their impact on neurodevelopmental processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Mohebalizadeh
- Student Research Committee, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
- Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Urmia, Iran
- Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Expert Group (SRMEG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Urmia, Iran
| | - Golsa Babapour
- Student Research Committee, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Mahdi Maleki Aghdam
- Student Research Committee, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
- Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Urmia, Iran
| | - Tooba Mohammadi
- Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Expert Group (SRMEG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Urmia, Iran
| | - Reza Jafari
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Vahid Shafiei-Irannejad
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
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Madera‐Sandoval RL, Cérbulo‐Vázquez A, Arriaga‐Pizano LA, Cabrera‐Rivera GL, Basilio‐Gálvez E, Miranda‐Cruz PE, García de la Rosa MT, Prieto‐Chávez JL, Rivero‐Arredondo SV, Cruz‐Cruz A, Rodríguez‐Hernández D, Salazar‐Ríos ME, Salazar‐Ríos E, Serrano‐Molina ED, De Lira‐Barraza RC, Villanueva‐Compean AH, Esquivel‐Pineda A, Ramírez‐Montes de Oca R, Unzueta‐Marta O, Flores‐Padilla G, Anda‐Garay JC, Sánchez‐Hurtado LA, Calleja‐Alarcón S, Romero‐Gutiérrez L, Torres‐Rosas R, Bonifaz LC, Pelayo R, Márquez‐Márquez E, López‐Macías CIIIR, Ferat‐Osorio E. Potential biomarkers for fatal outcome prognosis in a cohort of hospitalized COVID-19 patients with pre-existing comorbidities. Clin Transl Sci 2023; 16:2687-2699. [PMID: 37873554 PMCID: PMC10719476 DOI: 10.1111/cts.13663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The difficulty in predicting fatal outcomes in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) impacts the general morbidity and mortality due to severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2 infection, as it wears out the hospital services that care for these patients. Unfortunately, in several of the candidates for prognostic biomarkers proposed, the predictive power is compromised when patients have pre-existing comorbidities. A cohort of 147 patients hospitalized for severe COVID-19 was included in a descriptive, observational, single-center, and prospective study. Patients were recruited during the first COVID-19 pandemic wave (April-November 2020). Data were collected from the clinical history whereas immunophenotyping by multiparameter flow cytometry analysis allowed us to assess the expression of surface markers on peripheral leucocyte. Patients were grouped according to the outcome in survivors or non-survivors. The prognostic value of leucocyte, cytokines or HLA-DR, CD39, and CD73 was calculated. Hypertension and chronic renal failure but not obesity and diabetes were conditions more frequent among the deceased patient group. Mixed hypercytokinemia, including inflammatory (IL-6) and anti-inflammatory (IL-10) cytokines, was more evident in deceased patients. In the deceased patient group, lymphopenia with a higher neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) value was present. HLA-DR expression and the percentage of CD39+ cells were higher than non-COVID-19 patients but remained similar despite the outcome. Receiver operating characteristic analysis and cutoff value of NLR (69.6%, 9.4), percentage NLR (pNLR; 71.1%, 13.6), and IL-6 (79.7%, 135.2 pg/mL). The expression of HLA-DR, CD39, and CD73, as many serum cytokines (other than IL-6) and chemokines levels do not show prognostic potential, were compared to NLR and pNLR values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Lizzeth Madera‐Sandoval
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Inmunoquímica, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXIInstituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS)Ciudad de MéxicoMexico
| | | | - Lourdes Andrea Arriaga‐Pizano
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Inmunoquímica, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXIInstituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS)Ciudad de MéxicoMexico
| | - Graciela Libier Cabrera‐Rivera
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Inmunoquímica, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXIInstituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS)Ciudad de MéxicoMexico
- Posgrado en InmunologíaInstituto Politécnico NacionalCiudad de MéxicoMexico
| | - Edna Basilio‐Gálvez
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Inmunoquímica, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXIInstituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS)Ciudad de MéxicoMexico
- Posgrado de Ciencias Químicobiológicas, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias BiológicasInstituto Politécnico NacionalCiudad de MéxicoMexico
| | - Patricia Esther Miranda‐Cruz
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Inmunoquímica, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXIInstituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS)Ciudad de MéxicoMexico
| | - María Teresa García de la Rosa
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Inmunoquímica, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXIInstituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS)Ciudad de MéxicoMexico
- Posgrado en InmunologíaInstituto Politécnico NacionalCiudad de MéxicoMexico
| | - Jessica Lashkmin Prieto‐Chávez
- Centro de Instrumentos, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXIInstituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS)Ciudad de MéxicoMexico
| | - Silvia Vanessa Rivero‐Arredondo
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Inmunoquímica, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXIInstituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS)Ciudad de MéxicoMexico
| | - Alonso Cruz‐Cruz
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Inmunoquímica, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXIInstituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS)Ciudad de MéxicoMexico
| | - Daniela Rodríguez‐Hernández
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Inmunoquímica, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXIInstituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS)Ciudad de MéxicoMexico
| | - María Eugenia Salazar‐Ríos
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Inmunoquímica, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXIInstituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS)Ciudad de MéxicoMexico
| | - Enrique Salazar‐Ríos
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Inmunoquímica, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXIInstituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS)Ciudad de MéxicoMexico
| | - Esli David Serrano‐Molina
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Inmunoquímica, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXIInstituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS)Ciudad de MéxicoMexico
| | | | | | - Alejandra Esquivel‐Pineda
- Medicina Interna, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXIInstituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS)Ciudad de MéxicoMexico
| | - Rubén Ramírez‐Montes de Oca
- Medicina Interna, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXIInstituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS)Ciudad de MéxicoMexico
| | - Omar Unzueta‐Marta
- Medicina Interna, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXIInstituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS)Ciudad de MéxicoMexico
| | - Guillermo Flores‐Padilla
- Medicina Interna, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXIInstituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS)Ciudad de MéxicoMexico
| | - Juan Carlos Anda‐Garay
- Medicina Interna, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXIInstituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS)Ciudad de MéxicoMexico
| | - Luis Alejandro Sánchez‐Hurtado
- Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos, UMAE Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXIInstituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS)Ciudad de MéxicoMexico
| | - Salvador Calleja‐Alarcón
- Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos, UMAE Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXIInstituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS)Ciudad de MéxicoMexico
| | - Laura Romero‐Gutiérrez
- Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos, UMAE Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXIInstituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS)Ciudad de MéxicoMexico
| | - Rafael Torres‐Rosas
- Laboratorio de Inmunología, Centro de Estudios en Ciencias de la Salud y la Enfermedad, Facultad de OdontologíaUniversidad Autónoma “Benito Juárez” de Oaxaca (UABJO)Oaxaca de JuárezMexico
| | - Laura C. Bonifaz
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Inmunoquímica, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXIInstituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS)Ciudad de MéxicoMexico
- Coordinación de Investigación en Salud, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXIInstituto Mexicano del Seguro SocialCiudad de MéxicoMexico
| | - Rosana Pelayo
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica de OrienteIMSSPueblaMexico
- Unidad de Educación e Investigación, IMSSCiudad de MéxicoMexico
| | | | | | - Eduardo Ferat‐Osorio
- Coordinación de Investigación en Salud, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXIInstituto Mexicano del Seguro SocialCiudad de MéxicoMexico
- División de Investigación en Salud, UMAE Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXIInstituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS)Ciudad de MéxicoMexico
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Kim J, Youn D, Choi S, Lee YW, Sumberzul D, Yoon J, Lee H, Bae JW, Noh H, On D, Hong SM, An SH, Jang HJ, Kim SY, Kim YB, Hwang JY, Lee HJ, Bin Kim H, Park JW, Yun JW, Shin JS, Seo JY, Nam KT, Choi KS, Lee HY, Chang H, Seong JK, Cho J. SARS-CoV-2 infection engenders heterogeneous ribonucleoprotein interactions to impede translation elongation in the lungs. Exp Mol Med 2023; 55:2541-2552. [PMID: 37907741 PMCID: PMC10767024 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-023-01110-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Translational regulation in tissue environments during in vivo viral pathogenesis has rarely been studied due to the lack of translatomes from virus-infected tissues, although a series of translatome studies using in vitro cultured cells with viral infection have been reported. In this study, we exploited tissue-optimized ribosome profiling (Ribo-seq) and severe-COVID-19 model mice to establish the first temporal translation profiles of virus and host genes in the lungs during SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis. Our datasets revealed not only previously unknown targets of translation regulation in infected tissues but also hitherto unreported molecular signatures that contribute to tissue pathology after SARS-CoV-2 infection. Specifically, we observed gradual increases in pseudoribosomal ribonucleoprotein (RNP) interactions that partially overlapped the trails of ribosomes, being likely involved in impeding translation elongation. Contemporaneously developed ribosome heterogeneity with predominantly dysregulated 5 S rRNP association supported the malfunction of elongating ribosomes. Analyses of canonical Ribo-seq reads (ribosome footprints) highlighted two obstructive characteristics to host gene expression: ribosome stalling on codons within transmembrane domain-coding regions and compromised translation of immunity- and metabolism-related genes with upregulated transcription. Our findings collectively demonstrate that the abrogation of translation integrity may be one of the most critical factors contributing to pathogenesis after SARS-CoV-2 infection of tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junsoo Kim
- Center for RNA Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioinformatics, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Daehwa Youn
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Seunghoon Choi
- Korea Mouse Phenotyping Center (KMPC), Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology and Genomics, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, and BK 21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Youn Woo Lee
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Dulguun Sumberzul
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeongeun Yoon
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hanju Lee
- Center for RNA Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioinformatics, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Woo Bae
- Center for RNA Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyuna Noh
- Korea Mouse Phenotyping Center (KMPC), Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dain On
- Korea Mouse Phenotyping Center (KMPC), Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology and Genomics, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, and BK 21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Min Hong
- Laboratory of Avian Diseases, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, and BK 21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Se-Hee An
- Laboratory of Avian Diseases, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, and BK 21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hui Jeong Jang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Seo Yeon Kim
- Preclinical Research Center, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Been Kim
- Preclinical Research Center, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Yeon Hwang
- Preclinical Research Center, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Jung Lee
- Department of Periodontology, Section of Dentistry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong Bin Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Won Park
- Division of Biomedical Convergence, College of Biomedical Science, Kangwon National University, ChunCheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Won Yun
- Laboratory of Veterinary Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeon-Soo Shin
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Young Seo
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Taek Nam
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kang-Seuk Choi
- Laboratory of Avian Diseases, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, and BK 21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho-Young Lee
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyeshik Chang
- Center for RNA Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioinformatics, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Je Kyung Seong
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioinformatics, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Korea Mouse Phenotyping Center (KMPC), Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology and Genomics, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, and BK 21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Interdisciplinary Program and BIO MAX Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jun Cho
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
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42
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Ardiana M, Suryawan IGR, Hermawan HO, Harsoyo PM, Shafira AA, Anandita FA. Effect of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein exposure on ACE2 and interleukin 6 productions in human adipocytes: An in-vitro study. NARRA J 2023; 3:e284. [PMID: 38455635 PMCID: PMC10919720 DOI: 10.52225/narra.v3i3.284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Since adipocytes play a crucial role in pathogenesis of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection due to their interaction with angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and interleukin 6 (IL-6), obesity is associated with an increased risk of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) mortality. Discovery of ACE2 as a SARS-CoV-2 receptor raises a controversy about whether to use ACE inhibitors (ACEIs) could be an optional therapy to prevent cytokine storms. Studies assessing the expressions of ACE2 and IL-6 upon exposure to SARS-CoV-2 is therefore important as a basis for therapeutical trials in the future. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein exposure on the production of ACE2 and IL-6 in adipocyte cells. Adipocytes were collected from abdominal adipose tissues of healthy and obese 45-year-old male donor having neither a history of SARS-CoV-2 infection nor COVID-19 vaccination. After being stained using the oil red O protocol, the viable adipocytes were then exposed to S1 subunit of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. The levels of ACE2 and IL-6 were then examined using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The results showed significant increase of ACE2 (90.22 µg/mL) and IL-6 level (60.01 µg/mL) in human adipocytes upon exposure compared to unexposed control cells (ACE2 13.33 µg/mL; IL-6 21.33 µg/mL), both comparisons had p<0.001). This study provides insight into the basic mechanism of severe COVID-19 symptoms in obese patients and provides a basic information of the potential of ACE inhibitors as an optional therapy for COVID-19 patients with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meity Ardiana
- Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga - Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - I GR. Suryawan
- Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga - Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Hanestya O. Hermawan
- Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga - Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Primasitha M. Harsoyo
- Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga - Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Aisya A. Shafira
- Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga - Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Faizal A. Anandita
- Master Program of Occupational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
- Badaruddin Kasim General Hospital, Tabalong, Indonesia
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43
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Cross RW, Wiethoff CM, Brown-Augsburger P, Berens S, Blackbourne J, Liu L, Wu X, Tetreault J, Dodd C, Sina R, Witcher DR, Newcomb D, Frost D, Wilcox A, Borisevich V, Agans KN, Woolsey C, Prasad AN, Deer DJ, Geisbert JB, Dobias NS, Fenton KA, Strifler B, Ebert P, Higgs R, Beall A, Chanda S, Riva L, Yin X, Geisbert TW. The Therapeutic Monoclonal Antibody Bamlanivimab Does Not Enhance SARS-CoV-2 Infection by FcR-Mediated Mechanisms. Pathogens 2023; 12:1408. [PMID: 38133292 PMCID: PMC10746090 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12121408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
As part of the non-clinical safety package characterizing bamlanivimab (SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing monoclonal antibody), the risk profile for antibody-dependent enhancement of infection (ADE) was evaluated in vitro and in an African green monkey (AGM) model of COVID-19. In vitro ADE assays in primary human macrophage, Raji, or THP-1 cells were used to evaluate enhancement of viral infection. Bamlanivimab binding to C1q, FcR, and cell-based effector activity was also assessed. In AGMs, the impact of bamlanivimab pretreatment on viral loads and clinical and histological pathology was assessed to evaluate enhanced SARS-CoV-2 replication or pathology. Bamlanivimab did not increase viral replication in vitro, despite a demonstrated effector function. In vivo, no significant differences were found among the AGM groups for weight, temperature, or food intake. Treatment with bamlanivimab reduced viral loads in nasal and oral swabs and BAL fluid relative to control groups. Viral antigen was not detected in lung tissue from animals treated with the highest dose of bamlanivimab. Bamlanivimab did not induce ADE of SARS-CoV-2 infection in vitro or in an AGM model of infection at any dose evaluated. The findings suggest that high-affinity monoclonal antibodies pose a low risk of mediating ADE in patients and support their safety profile as a treatment of COVID-19 disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert W. Cross
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA (A.N.P.)
- Galveston National Laboratory, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | | | | | - Shawn Berens
- Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN 46285, USA; (P.B.-A.); (S.B.)
| | - Jamie Blackbourne
- Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN 46285, USA; (P.B.-A.); (S.B.)
| | - Ling Liu
- Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN 46285, USA; (P.B.-A.); (S.B.)
| | - Xiaohua Wu
- Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN 46285, USA; (P.B.-A.); (S.B.)
| | | | - Carter Dodd
- Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN 46285, USA; (P.B.-A.); (S.B.)
| | - Ramtin Sina
- Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN 46285, USA; (P.B.-A.); (S.B.)
| | | | - Deanna Newcomb
- Charles River Laboratories, Inc., Reno, NV 89511, USA; (D.N.); (A.W.)
| | - Denzil Frost
- Charles River Laboratories, Inc., Reno, NV 89511, USA; (D.N.); (A.W.)
| | - Angela Wilcox
- Charles River Laboratories, Inc., Reno, NV 89511, USA; (D.N.); (A.W.)
| | - Viktoriya Borisevich
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA (A.N.P.)
- Galveston National Laboratory, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Krystle N. Agans
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA (A.N.P.)
- Galveston National Laboratory, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Courtney Woolsey
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA (A.N.P.)
- Galveston National Laboratory, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Abhishek N. Prasad
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA (A.N.P.)
- Galveston National Laboratory, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Daniel J. Deer
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA (A.N.P.)
- Galveston National Laboratory, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Joan B. Geisbert
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA (A.N.P.)
- Galveston National Laboratory, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Natalie S. Dobias
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA (A.N.P.)
- Galveston National Laboratory, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Karla A. Fenton
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA (A.N.P.)
- Galveston National Laboratory, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Beth Strifler
- Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN 46285, USA; (P.B.-A.); (S.B.)
| | - Philip Ebert
- Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN 46285, USA; (P.B.-A.); (S.B.)
| | - Richard Higgs
- Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN 46285, USA; (P.B.-A.); (S.B.)
| | - Anne Beall
- Immunity and Pathogenesis Program, Infectious and Inflammatory Disease Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, 10901 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Sumit Chanda
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Laura Riva
- Immunity and Pathogenesis Program, Infectious and Inflammatory Disease Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, 10901 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Xin Yin
- Immunity and Pathogenesis Program, Infectious and Inflammatory Disease Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, 10901 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Thomas W. Geisbert
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA (A.N.P.)
- Galveston National Laboratory, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
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44
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Abdelouahed M, Yateem D, Fredericks S. Fc γRIIa - dependent platelet activation identified in COVID-19 vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia-, heparin-induced thrombocytopenia, streptokinase- and anisoylated plasminogen-streptokinase activator complex-induced platelet activation. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1282637. [PMID: 38034388 PMCID: PMC10684751 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1282637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which was caused by the coronavirus - severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), was globally responsible for remarkable morbidity and mortality. Several highly effective vaccines for COVID-19 were developed and disseminated worldwide within an unprecedented timescale. Rare but dangerous clotting and thrombocytopenia events, and subsequent coagulation abnormalities, have been reported after massive vaccination against SARS-CoV-2. Soon after their global rollout, reports of a morbid clinical syndrome following vaccination with adenovirus-DNA-based vaccines appeared. In the spring of 2021, reports of a novel, rare and morbid clinical syndrome, with clinically devastating and fatal complication after vaccination with adenovirus-based coronavirus vaccines (Janssen/Johnson & Johnson and Astra-Zeneca vaccines) led to a brief suspension of their use by several countries. Those complications were associated with unusual cerebral and splanchnic venous thrombosis, and circulating autoantibodies directed against anti-platelet factor 4 (PF4), a protein secreted from platelets, leading to the designation: Vaccine-Induced Immune Thrombotic Thrombocytopenia (VITT). The reported VITT incidence remains very low and does not affect the overall benefit of immunization, however, if left untreated, VITT can be debilitating or even fatal. VITT resembled specific adverse drugs' reactions that also involved the production of autoantibodies and subsequent abnormal platelet activation through platelet FcγRIIa. These unusual but well-documented drug reactions were heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT), streptokinase- (SK), and anisoylated plasminogen-streptokinase activator complex- (APSAC) associated with platelet-activating antibodies. There was considerable overlapping of clinical features between VITT, COVID-19 and these adverse drugs' reactions. We review the phenomenon of VITT against the backdrop of shared and common mechanisms that underlie HIT-, SK-, and APSAC-platelet FcγRIIa-dependent platelet activation. An understanding of VITT's pathogenesis may be achieved by comparing and contrasting VITT-, HIT-, SK- and APSAC-induced platelet activation mechanisms, their respective physiopathology and similarities. Discussing these conditions in parallel provides insight into complex immunological disorders and diseases associated with abnormal hemostasis and thrombosis in particular.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustapha Abdelouahed
- Department of Medical Sciences and Education, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Dana Yateem
- School of Medicine, The Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Medical University of Bahrain, Al Sayh, Muharraq Governorate, Bahrain
| | - Salim Fredericks
- School of Medicine, The Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Medical University of Bahrain, Al Sayh, Muharraq Governorate, Bahrain
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45
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Kusakabe T, Lin WY, Cheong JG, Singh G, Ravishankar A, Yeung ST, Mesko M, DeCelie MB, Carriche G, Zhao Z, Rand S, Doron I, Putzel GG, Worgall S, Cushing M, Westblade L, Inghirami G, Parkhurst CN, Guo CJ, Schotsaert M, García-Sastre A, Josefowicz SZ, Salvatore M, Iliev ID. Fungal microbiota sustains lasting immune activation of neutrophils and their progenitors in severe COVID-19. Nat Immunol 2023; 24:1879-1889. [PMID: 37872315 PMCID: PMC10805066 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-023-01637-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Gastrointestinal fungal dysbiosis is a hallmark of several diseases marked by systemic immune activation. Whether persistent pathobiont colonization during immune alterations and impaired gut barrier function has a durable impact on host immunity is unknown. We found that elevated levels of Candida albicans immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies marked patients with severe COVID-19 (sCOVID-19) who had intestinal Candida overgrowth, mycobiota dysbiosis and systemic neutrophilia. Analysis of hematopoietic stem cell progenitors in sCOVID-19 revealed transcriptional changes in antifungal immunity pathways and reprogramming of granulocyte myeloid progenitors (GMPs) for up to a year. Mice colonized with C. albicans patient isolates experienced increased lung neutrophilia and pulmonary NETosis during severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 infection, which were partially resolved with antifungal treatment or by interleukin-6 receptor blockade. sCOVID-19 patients treated with tocilizumab experienced sustained reductions in C. albicans IgG antibodies titers and GMP transcriptional changes. These findings suggest that gut fungal pathobionts may contribute to immune activation during inflammatory diseases, offering potential mycobiota-immune therapeutic strategies for sCOVID-19 with prolonged symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takato Kusakabe
- Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York City, NY, USA
- The Jill Roberts Institute for Research in Inflammatory Bowel Disease (JRI), Weill Cornell Medicine, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Woan-Yu Lin
- Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York City, NY, USA
- The Jill Roberts Institute for Research in Inflammatory Bowel Disease (JRI), Weill Cornell Medicine, New York City, NY, USA
- Immunology and Microbial Pathogenesis Program, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Jin-Gyu Cheong
- Immunology and Microbial Pathogenesis Program, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York City, NY, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Gagandeep Singh
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY, USA
- Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Arjun Ravishankar
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Stephen T Yeung
- Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York City, NY, USA
- Department of Microbiology, New York University, Langone Health, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Marissa Mesko
- Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York City, NY, USA
- The Jill Roberts Institute for Research in Inflammatory Bowel Disease (JRI), Weill Cornell Medicine, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Meghan Bialt DeCelie
- Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York City, NY, USA
- The Jill Roberts Institute for Research in Inflammatory Bowel Disease (JRI), Weill Cornell Medicine, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Guilhermina Carriche
- Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York City, NY, USA
- The Jill Roberts Institute for Research in Inflammatory Bowel Disease (JRI), Weill Cornell Medicine, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Zhen Zhao
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Sophie Rand
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Itai Doron
- Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York City, NY, USA
- The Jill Roberts Institute for Research in Inflammatory Bowel Disease (JRI), Weill Cornell Medicine, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Gregory G Putzel
- The Jill Roberts Institute for Research in Inflammatory Bowel Disease (JRI), Weill Cornell Medicine, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Stefan Worgall
- Immunology and Microbial Pathogenesis Program, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York City, NY, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Melissa Cushing
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Lars Westblade
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Giorgio Inghirami
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Christopher N Parkhurst
- Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Chun-Jun Guo
- Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York City, NY, USA
- The Jill Roberts Institute for Research in Inflammatory Bowel Disease (JRI), Weill Cornell Medicine, New York City, NY, USA
- Immunology and Microbial Pathogenesis Program, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York City, NY, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Michael Schotsaert
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY, USA
- Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Adolfo García-Sastre
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY, USA
- Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY, USA
- Department of Pathology, Molecular and Cell-Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York, New York City, NY, USA
- The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Steven Z Josefowicz
- Immunology and Microbial Pathogenesis Program, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York City, NY, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Mirella Salvatore
- Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York City, NY, USA
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Iliyan D Iliev
- Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York City, NY, USA.
- The Jill Roberts Institute for Research in Inflammatory Bowel Disease (JRI), Weill Cornell Medicine, New York City, NY, USA.
- Immunology and Microbial Pathogenesis Program, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York City, NY, USA.
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York City, NY, USA.
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Rabaan AA, Alenazy MF, Alshehri AA, Alshahrani MA, Al-Subaie MF, Alrasheed HA, Al Kaabi NA, Thakur N, Bouafia NA, Alissa M, Alsulaiman AM, AlBaadani AM, Alhani HM, Alhaddad AH, Alfouzan WA, Ali BMA, Al-Abdulali KH, Khamis F, Bayahya A, Al Fares MA, Sharma M, Dhawan M. An updated review on pathogenic coronaviruses (CoVs) amid the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants: A look into the repercussions and possible solutions. J Infect Public Health 2023; 16:1870-1883. [PMID: 37839310 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2023.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2, responsible for COVID-19, shares 79% and 50% of its identity with SARS-CoV-1 and MERS-CoV, respectively. It uses the same main cell attachment and entry receptor as SARS-CoV-1, which is the ACE-2 receptor. However, key residues in the receptor-binding domain of its S-protein seem to give it a stronger affinity for the receptor and a better ability to hide from the host immune system. Like SARS-CoV-1 and MERS-CoV, cytokine storms in critically ill COVID-19 patients cause ARDS, neurological pathology, multiorgan failure, and increased death. Though many issues remain, the global research effort and lessons from SARS-CoV-1 and MERS-CoV are hopeful. The emergence of novel SARS-CoV-2 variants and subvariants raised serious concerns among the scientific community amid the emergence of other viral diseases like monkeypox and Marburg virus, which are major concerns for healthcare settings worldwide. Hence, an updated review on the comparative analysis of various coronaviruses (CoVs) has been developed, which highlights the evolution of CoVs and their repercussions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali A Rabaan
- Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Dhahran 31311, Saudi Arabia; College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia; Department of Public Health and Nutrition, The University of Haripur, Haripur 22610, Pakistan.
| | - Maha Fahad Alenazy
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Khalid university hospital, King Saud University, Riyadh 4545, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad A Alshehri
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Najran University, Najran 61441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Abdulrahman Alshahrani
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Najran University, Najran 61441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maha F Al-Subaie
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia; Research Center, Dr. Sulaiman Alhabib Medical Group, Riyadh 13328, Saudi Arabia; Department of Infectious Diseases, Dr. Sulaiman Alhabib Medical Group, Riyadh 13328, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hayam A Alrasheed
- Department of pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia; Pharmacy Department, King Abdullah Bin Abdulaziz University Hospital, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nawal A Al Kaabi
- Sheikh Khalifa Medical City, Abu Dhabi Health Services Company (SEHA), Abu Dhabi, 51900, United Arab Emirates; College of Medicine and Health Science, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi 127788, United Arab Emirates
| | - Nanamika Thakur
- University Institute of Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology, Chandigarh University, Mohali 140413, India
| | - Nabiha A Bouafia
- Infection prevention and control centre of Excellence, Prince Sultan Medical Military City, Riyadh 12233, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Alissa
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Abeer M AlBaadani
- Internal Medicine Department, Infectious Disease Division, London health science Center, London, Ontario N6G0X2, Canada
| | - Hatem M Alhani
- Department of Pediatric Infectious Disease, Maternity and Children Hospital, Dammam 31176, Saudi Arabia; Department of Infection Control, Maternity and Children Hospital, Dammam 31176, Saudi Arabia; Preventive Medicine and Infection Prevention and Control Department, Directorate of Ministry of Health, Dammam 32245, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali H Alhaddad
- Assistant Agency for Hospital Affairs, Ministry of Health, Riyadh 12382, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wadha A Alfouzan
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Safat 13110, Kuwait; Microbiology Unit, Department of Laboratories, Farwania Hospital, Farwania 85000, Kuwait
| | - Batool Mohammed Abu Ali
- Infectious disease section, Department of internal medicine, King Fahad Hospital Hofuf, Hofuf 36365, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khadija H Al-Abdulali
- Nursing Department, Home health care, Qatif Health Network, Qatif 31911, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faryal Khamis
- Infection Diseases unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Royal Hospital, Muscat 1331, Oman
| | - Ali Bayahya
- Microbiology Department, Alqunfudah General Hospital, Alqunfudah 28813, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mona A Al Fares
- Department of Internal Medicine, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Manish Sharma
- University Institute of Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology, Chandigarh University, Mohali 140413, India
| | - Manish Dhawan
- Department of Microbiology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana 141004, India; Trafford College, Altrincham, Manchester WA14 5PQ, UK.
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47
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Wang Y, Nardo L, Spencer BA, Abdelhafez YG, Li EJ, Omidvari N, Chaudhari AJ, Badawi RD, Jones T, Cherry SR, Wang G. Total-Body Multiparametric PET Quantification of 18F-FDG Delivery and Metabolism in the Study of Coronavirus Disease 2019 Recovery. J Nucl Med 2023; 64:1821-1830. [PMID: 37591539 PMCID: PMC10626370 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.123.265723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Conventional whole-body static 18F-FDG PET imaging provides a semiquantitative evaluation of overall glucose metabolism without insight into the specific transport and metabolic steps. Here we demonstrate the ability of total-body multiparametric 18F-FDG PET to quantitatively evaluate glucose metabolism using macroparametric quantification and assess specific glucose delivery and phosphorylation processes using microparametric quantification for studying recovery from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Methods: The study included 13 healthy subjects and 12 recovering COVID-19 subjects within 8 wk of confirmed diagnosis. Each subject had a 1-h dynamic 18F-FDG scan on the uEXPLORER total-body PET/CT system. Semiquantitative SUV and the SUV ratio relative to blood (SUVR) were calculated for different organs to measure glucose utilization. Tracer kinetic modeling was performed to quantify the microparametric blood-to-tissue 18F-FDG delivery rate [Formula: see text] and the phosphorylation rate k 3, as well as the macroparametric 18F-FDG net influx rate ([Formula: see text]). Statistical tests were performed to examine differences between healthy subjects and recovering COVID-19 subjects. The effect of COVID-19 vaccination was also investigated. Results: We detected no significant difference in lung SUV but significantly higher lung SUVR and [Formula: see text] in COVID-19 recovery, indicating improved sensitivity of kinetic quantification for detecting the difference in glucose metabolism. A significant difference was also observed in the lungs with the phosphorylation rate k 3 but not with [Formula: see text], which suggests that glucose phosphorylation, rather than glucose delivery, drives the observed difference of glucose metabolism. Meanwhile, there was no or little difference in bone marrow 18F-FDG metabolism measured with SUV, SUVR, and [Formula: see text] but a significantly higher bone marrow [Formula: see text] in the COVID-19 group, suggesting a difference in glucose delivery. Vaccinated COVID-19 subjects had a lower lung [Formula: see text] and a higher spleen [Formula: see text] than unvaccinated COVID-19 subjects. Conclusion: Higher lung glucose metabolism and bone marrow glucose delivery were observed with total-body multiparametric 18F-FDG PET in recovering COVID-19 subjects than in healthy subjects, implying continued inflammation during recovery. Vaccination demonstrated potential protection effects. Total-body multiparametric PET of 18F-FDG can provide a more sensitive tool and more insights than conventional whole-body static 18F-FDG imaging to evaluate metabolic changes in systemic diseases such as COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiran Wang
- Department of Radiology, Davis Medical Center, University of California, Sacramento, California;
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, Davis, California; and
| | - Lorenzo Nardo
- Department of Radiology, Davis Medical Center, University of California, Sacramento, California
| | - Benjamin A Spencer
- Department of Radiology, Davis Medical Center, University of California, Sacramento, California
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, Davis, California; and
| | - Yasser G Abdelhafez
- Department of Radiology, Davis Medical Center, University of California, Sacramento, California
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, South Egypt Cancer Institute, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Elizabeth J Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, Davis, California; and
| | - Negar Omidvari
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, Davis, California; and
| | - Abhijit J Chaudhari
- Department of Radiology, Davis Medical Center, University of California, Sacramento, California
| | - Ramsey D Badawi
- Department of Radiology, Davis Medical Center, University of California, Sacramento, California
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, Davis, California; and
| | - Terry Jones
- Department of Radiology, Davis Medical Center, University of California, Sacramento, California
| | - Simon R Cherry
- Department of Radiology, Davis Medical Center, University of California, Sacramento, California
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, Davis, California; and
| | - Guobao Wang
- Department of Radiology, Davis Medical Center, University of California, Sacramento, California
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48
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Chen X, Liu B, Li C, Wang Y, Geng S, Du X, Weng J, Lai P. Stem cell-based therapy for COVID-19. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 124:110890. [PMID: 37688914 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
While The World Health Organization (WHO) has announced that COVID-19 is no longer a public health emergency of international concern(PHEIC), the risk of reinfection and new emerging variants still makes it crucial to study and work towards the prevention of COVID-19. Stem cell and stem cell-like derivatives have shown some promising results in clinical trials and preclinical studies as an alternative treatment option for the pulmonary illnesses caused by the COVID-19 and can be used as a potential vaccine. In this review, we will systematically summarize the pathophysiological process and potential mechanisms underlying stem cell-based therapy in COVID-19, and the registered COVID-19 clinical trials, and engineered extracellular vesicle as a potential vaccine for preventing COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomei Chen
- Department of Hematology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, PR China
| | - Bowen Liu
- Department of Hematology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, PR China
| | - Chao Li
- Department of Hematology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, PR China
| | - Yulian Wang
- Department of Hematology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, PR China
| | - Suxia Geng
- Department of Hematology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, PR China
| | - Xin Du
- Department of Hematology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, PR China
| | - Jianyu Weng
- Department of Hematology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, PR China
| | - Peilong Lai
- Department of Hematology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, PR China.
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49
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Geyer CE, Chen HJ, Bye AP, Manz XD, Guerra D, Caniels TG, Bijl TP, Griffith GR, Hoepel W, de Taeye SW, Veth J, Vlaar AP, Vidarsson G, Bogaard HJ, Aman J, Gibbins JM, van Gils MJ, de Winther MP, den Dunnen J. Identification of new drugs to counteract anti-spike IgG-induced hyperinflammation in severe COVID-19. Life Sci Alliance 2023; 6:e202302106. [PMID: 37699657 PMCID: PMC10497933 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202302106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Previously, we and others have shown that SARS-CoV-2 spike-specific IgG antibodies play a major role in disease severity in COVID-19 by triggering macrophage hyperactivation, disrupting endothelial barrier integrity, and inducing thrombus formation. This hyperinflammation is dependent on high levels of anti-spike IgG with aberrant Fc tail glycosylation, leading to Fcγ receptor hyperactivation. For development of immune-regulatory therapeutics, drug specificity is crucial to counteract excessive inflammation whereas simultaneously minimizing the inhibition of antiviral immunity. We here developed an in vitro activation assay to screen for small molecule drugs that specifically counteract antibody-induced pathology. We identified that anti-spike-induced inflammation is specifically blocked by small molecule inhibitors against SYK and PI3K. We identified SYK inhibitor entospletinib as the most promising candidate drug, which also counteracted anti-spike-induced endothelial dysfunction and thrombus formation. Moreover, entospletinib blocked inflammation by different SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern. Combined, these data identify entospletinib as a promising treatment for severe COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara E Geyer
- https://ror.org/05grdyy37 Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Hung-Jen Chen
- https://ror.org/05grdyy37 Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Alexander P Bye
- Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, and School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK
- Molecular and Clinical Sciences Research Institute, St George's University, London, UK
- School of Pharmacy, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - Xue D Manz
- https://ror.org/05grdyy37 Pulmonary Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Denise Guerra
- https://ror.org/05grdyy37 Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Tom G Caniels
- https://ror.org/05grdyy37 Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Tom Pl Bijl
- https://ror.org/05grdyy37 Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Guillermo R Griffith
- https://ror.org/05grdyy37 Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Atherosclerosis & Ischemic Syndromes, Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Inflammatory Diseases, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Willianne Hoepel
- https://ror.org/05grdyy37 Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Steven W de Taeye
- https://ror.org/05grdyy37 Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jennifer Veth
- https://ror.org/05grdyy37 Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Alexander Pj Vlaar
- https://ror.org/05grdyy37 Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Gestur Vidarsson
- Experimental Immunohematology, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences and Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Harm Jan Bogaard
- https://ror.org/05grdyy37 Pulmonary Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jurjan Aman
- https://ror.org/05grdyy37 Pulmonary Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jonathan M Gibbins
- Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, and School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - Marit J van Gils
- https://ror.org/05grdyy37 Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Menno Pj de Winther
- https://ror.org/05grdyy37 Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Atherosclerosis & Ischemic Syndromes, Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Inflammatory Diseases, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jeroen den Dunnen
- https://ror.org/05grdyy37 Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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50
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Turgunova L, Mekhantseva I, Laryushina Y, Alina A, Bacheva I, Zhumadilova Z, Turmukhambetova A. The Association of Endothelin-1 with Early and Long-Term Mortality in COVID-19. J Pers Med 2023; 13:1558. [PMID: 38003873 PMCID: PMC10672100 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13111558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Endothelial dysfunction is a key mechanism in the pathogenesis of COVID-19. High endothelin-1 during COVID-19 is associated with severe complications and increased mortality rates during hospitalization. This study is aimed to investigate the association of endothelin-1 levels with the risk of 30-day and 12-month all-cause mortality in patients with prior COVID-19. (2) Methods: A prospective study was conducted involving patients with COVID-19 in Karaganda, Kazakhstan. The level of endothelin-1 in the blood serum was evaluated by ELISA. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression was used to determine factors and significance of endothelin-1 associated with the risk of mortality within 30 and 365 days from hospitalization. (3) Results: The median endothelin-1 was higher in the group of patients who passed away within 30 days. The group showed statistically significant differences when compared to healthy volunteers from the control group (p = 0.0001), surviving patients (p = 0.001), and those who passed away within a year (p = 0.002). (4) Conclusions: Endothelin-1 levels are associated with increased mortality risk during the acute period of COVID-19, while plasma endothelin-1 level association with COVID-19 survivor mortality risk does not persist after 12 months.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Irina Mekhantseva
- Department of Internal Medicine, Karaganda Medical University, Karaganda 100000, Kazakhstan (I.B.); (Z.Z.)
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