1
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Forden CA. Phagolysosomal resistance hypothesized to be a danger signal. Scand J Immunol 2024:e13400. [PMID: 39138895 DOI: 10.1111/sji.13400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
Antigen presenting cells sometimes require T cell "help" to kill and decompose microbes they capture, especially when those microbes resist effector molecules including nitric oxide and reactive oxygen species. Pathogens are more likely to resist those effectors, shared by the innate and adaptive immune systems, than are commensals. Does such resistance alert the immune system to the danger posed by those pathogens? Several lines of evidence suggest this occurs. Mouse studies showed a surprising exacerbation, not alleviation of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, by suppression of nitric oxide production, but only when the suppression was applied to animals undergoing vaccination with myelin. In contrast, animals receiving T cells activated by vaccination without suppression of nitric oxide benefitted from reduced autoimmune cytotoxicity when nitric oxide production was suppressed after adoptive transfer. Vaccinia and adenovirus suppress nitric oxide production and have been successful vaccine platforms, also consistent with the above phagolysosomal resistance hypothesis. The hypothesis solves a long-standing quandary-how can nitric oxide protect against both infection and autoimmunity, especially autoimmune diseases for which it seems a major effector? The importance of physical linkage between epitopes, first proposed in Bretscher's Two-Step, Two-Signal theory dependent on B cells, is extended to include phagolysosomal resistance in general, plus a corollary proposition that the immune system detects resistance to dissociation of high-affinity pathogenic ligands from host binding sites to make neutralizing antibodies.
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2
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García P, Singh S, Graciet E. New Insights into the Connections between Flooding/Hypoxia Response and Plant Defenses against Pathogens. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:2176. [PMID: 39204612 PMCID: PMC11358971 DOI: 10.3390/plants13162176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2024] [Revised: 07/31/2024] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
The impact of global climate change has highlighted the need for a better understanding of how plants respond to multiple simultaneous or sequential stresses, not only to gain fundamental knowledge of how plants integrate signals and mount a coordinated response to stresses but also for applications to improve crop resilience to environmental stresses. In recent years, there has been a stronger emphasis on understanding how plants integrate stresses and the molecular mechanisms underlying the crosstalk between the signaling pathways and transcriptional programs that underpin plant responses to multiple stresses. The combination of flooding (or resulting hypoxic stress) with pathogen infection is particularly relevant due to the frequent co-occurrence of both stresses in nature. This review focuses on (i) experimental approaches and challenges associated with the study of combined and sequential flooding/hypoxia and pathogen infection, (ii) how flooding (or resulting hypoxic stress) influences plant immunity and defense responses to pathogens, and (iii) how flooding contributes to shaping the soil microbiome and is linked to plants' ability to fight pathogen infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo García
- Department of Biology, Maynooth University, W23 X021 Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland; (P.G.); (S.S.)
| | - Shreenivas Singh
- Department of Biology, Maynooth University, W23 X021 Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland; (P.G.); (S.S.)
| | - Emmanuelle Graciet
- Department of Biology, Maynooth University, W23 X021 Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland; (P.G.); (S.S.)
- Kathleen Lonsdale Institute for Human Health Research, Maynooth University, W23 X021 Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland
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3
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Mirhadi E, Askarizadeh A, Farhoudi L, Mashreghi M, Behboodifar S, Alavizadeh SH, Arabi L, Jaafari MR. The impact of phospholipids with high transition temperature to enhance redox-sensitive liposomal doxorubicin efficacy in colon carcinoma model. Chem Phys Lipids 2024; 261:105396. [PMID: 38621603 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2024.105396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
In this study, we have developed a redox-sensitive (RS) liposomal doxorubicin formulation by incorporating 10,10'-diselanediylbis decanoic acid (DDA) organoselenium compound as the RS moiety. Hence, several RS liposomal formulations were prepared by using DOPE, HSPC, DDA, mPEG2000-DSPE, and cholesterol. In situ drug loading using a pH gradient and citrate complex yielded high drug to lipid ratio and encapsulation efficiency (100%) for RS liposomes. Liposomal formulations were characterized in terms of size, surface charge and morphology, drug loading, release properties, cell uptake and cytotoxicity, as well as therapeutic efficacy in BALB/c mice bearing C26 tumor cells. The formulations showed an average particle size of 200 nm with narrow size distributions (PDI < 0.3), and negative surface charges varying from -6 mV to -18.6 mV. Our study confirms that the presence of the DDA compound in liposomes is highly sensitive to hydrogen peroxide at 0.1% w/v, resulting in a significant burst release of up to 40%. The in vivo therapeutic efficacy study in BALB/c mice bearing C26 colon carcinoma confirmed the promising function of RS liposomes in the tumor microenvironment which led to a prolonged median survival time (MST). The addition of hydrogenated soy phosphatidylcholine (HSPC) with a high transition temperature (Tm: 52-53.5°C) extended the MST of our 3-component formulation of F14 (DOPE/HSPC/DDA) to 60 days in comparison to Caelyx (PEGylated liposomal Dox), which is not RS-sensitive (39 days). Overall, HSPC liposomes bearing RS-sensitive moiety enhanced therapeutic efficacy against colon cancer in vitro and in vivo. This achievement unequivocally underscores the criticality of high-TM phospholipids, particularly HSPC, in significantly enhancing liposome stability within the bloodstream. In addition, RS liposomes enable the on-demand release of drugs, leveraging the redox environment of tumor cells, thereby augmenting the efficacy of the formulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elaheh Mirhadi
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Anis Askarizadeh
- Marine Pharmaceutical Science Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Leila Farhoudi
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mashreghi
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Medical Biotechnology and Nanotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Saeed Behboodifar
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyedeh Hoda Alavizadeh
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Leila Arabi
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Reza Jaafari
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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4
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Sakuma C, Shizukuishi S, Ogawa M, Honjo Y, Takeyama H, Guan JL, Weiser J, Sasai M, Yamamoto M, Ohnishi M, Akeda Y. Individual Atg8 paralogs and a bacterial metabolite sequentially promote hierarchical CASM-xenophagy induction and transition. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114131. [PMID: 38656870 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Atg8 paralogs, consisting of LC3A/B/C and GBRP/GBRPL1/GATE16, function in canonical autophagy; however, their function is controversial because of functional redundancy. In innate immunity, xenophagy and non-canonical single membranous autophagy called "conjugation of Atg8s to single membranes" (CASM) eliminate bacteria in various cells. Previously, we reported that intracellular Streptococcus pneumoniae can induce unique hierarchical autophagy comprised of CASM induction, shedding, and subsequent xenophagy. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying these processes and the biological significance of transient CASM induction remain unknown. Herein, we profile the relationship between Atg8s, autophagy receptors, poly-ubiquitin, and Atg4 paralogs during pneumococcal infection to understand the driving principles of hierarchical autophagy and find that GATE16 and GBRP sequentially play a pivotal role in CASM shedding and subsequent xenophagy induction, respectively, and LC3A and GBRPL1 are involved in CASM/xenophagy induction. Moreover, we reveal ingenious bacterial tactics to gain intracellular survival niches by manipulating CASM-xenophagy progression by generating intracellular pneumococci-derived H2O2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chisato Sakuma
- Department of Bacteriology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1-23-1, Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan
| | - Sayaka Shizukuishi
- Department of Bacteriology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1-23-1, Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan
| | - Michinaga Ogawa
- Department of Bacteriology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1-23-1, Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan.
| | - Yuko Honjo
- Department of Bacteriology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1-23-1, Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan; Department of Life Science and Medical Bioscience, Waseda University, 2-2 Wakamatsu-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8480, Japan
| | - Haruko Takeyama
- Department of Life Science and Medical Bioscience, Waseda University, 2-2 Wakamatsu-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8480, Japan; Computational Bio Big-Data Open Innovation Laboratory, AIST-Waseda University, 3-4-1 Okubo, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 169-0072, Japan; Research Organization for Nano & Life Innovation, Waseda University, 513 Wasedatsurumaki-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-0041, Japan; Institute for Advanced Research of Biosystem Dynamics, Waseda Research Institute for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 3-4-1 Okubo, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 169-8555, Japan
| | - Jun-Lin Guan
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, CARE/Crawley Building, Suite E-870 3230 Eden Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Jeffery Weiser
- Department of Microbiology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Miwa Sasai
- Department of Immunoparasitology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan; Laboratory of Immunoparasitology, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan; Department of Immunoparasitology, Center for Infectious Disease Education and Research, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Masahiro Yamamoto
- Department of Immunoparasitology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan; Laboratory of Immunoparasitology, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan; Department of Immunoparasitology, Center for Infectious Disease Education and Research, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Makoto Ohnishi
- Department of Bacteriology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1-23-1, Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Akeda
- Department of Bacteriology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1-23-1, Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan
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Stapelmann K, Gershman S, Miller V. Plasma-liquid interactions in the presence of organic matter-A perspective. JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS 2024; 135:160901. [PMID: 38681528 PMCID: PMC11055635 DOI: 10.1063/5.0203125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
As investigations in the biomedical applications of plasma advance, a demand for describing safe and efficacious delivery of plasma is emerging. It is quite clear that not all plasmas are "equal" for all applications. This Perspective discusses limitations of the existing parameters used to define plasma in context of the need for the "right plasma" at the "right dose" for each "disease system." The validity of results extrapolated from in vitro studies to preclinical and clinical applications is discussed. We make a case for studying the whole system as a single unit, in situ. Furthermore, we argue that while plasma-generated chemical species are the proposed key effectors in biological systems, the contribution of physical effectors (electric fields, surface charging, dielectric properties of target, changes in gap electric fields, etc.) must not be ignored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Stapelmann
- Department of Nuclear Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, USA
| | - Sophia Gershman
- Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey 08540, USA
| | - Vandana Miller
- Center for Molecular Virology and Gene Therapy, Institute for Molecular Medicine and Infectious Disease, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19129, USA
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Beg MA, Huang M, Vick L, Rao KNS, Zhang J, Chen Y. Targeting mitochondrial dynamics and redox regulation in cardiovascular diseases. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2024; 45:290-303. [PMID: 38458847 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2024.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence highlights the pivotal role of mitochondria in cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying mitochondrial dysfunction is crucial for developing targeted therapeutics. Recent years have seen substantial advancements in unraveling mitochondrial regulatory pathways in both normal and pathological states and the development of potent drugs. However, specific delivery of drugs into the mitochondria is still a challenge. We present recent findings on regulators of mitochondrial dynamics and reactive oxygen species (ROS), critical factors influencing mitochondrial function in CVDs. We also discuss advancements in drug delivery strategies aimed at overcoming the technical barrier in targeting mitochondria for CVD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Minqi Huang
- HD Biosciences Inc. a WuXi AppTec company, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - Lance Vick
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - K N Shashanka Rao
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, Medical College of Wisconsin & Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Jue Zhang
- Versiti Blood Research Institute, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Yiliang Chen
- Versiti Blood Research Institute, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA; Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA.
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7
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Shen Z, Sheng H, Zhao J, Xu J, Cai Z, Zhang H, Guo Z, Liu J, Liang H, Tan L, Gan S, Huang J, Zhu S. AQP8 Modulates Mitochondrial H 2O 2 Transport to Influence Glioma Proliferation. Cancer Invest 2024; 42:345-356. [PMID: 38742677 DOI: 10.1080/07357907.2024.2352467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aquaporin-8 (AQP8) is involved in impacting glioma proliferation and can effect tumour growth by regulating Intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) signalling levels. In addition to transporting H2O2, AQP8 has been shown to affect ROS signaling, but evidence is lacking in gliomas. In this study, we aimed to investigate how AQP8 affects ROS signaling in gliomas. MATERIALS AND METHODS We constructed A172 and U251 cell lines with AQP8 knockdown and AQP8 rescue by CRISPR/Cas9 technology and overexpression of lentiviral vectors. We used CCK-8 and flow cytometry to test cell proliferation and cycle, immunofluorescence and Mito-Tracker CMXRos to observe the distribution of AQP8 expression in glioma cells, Amplex and DHE to study mitochondria release of H2O2, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and NAD+/NADH ratio to assess mitochondrial function and protein blotting to detect p53 and p21 expression. RESULT We found that AQP8 co-localised with mitochondria and that knockdown of AQP8 inhibited the release of H2O2 from mitochondria and led to increased levels of ROS in mitochondria, thereby impairing mitochondrial function. We also discovered that AQP8 knockdown resulted in suppression of cell proliferation and was blocked at the G0/G1 phase with increased expression of mitochondrial ROS signalling-related p53/p21. CONCLUSIONS This finding provides further evidence for mechanistic studies of AQP8 as a prospective target for the treatment of gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- ZiHao Shen
- Department of Human Anatomy, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
- Neuroscience Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - HuaJun Sheng
- Department of Human Anatomy, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
- Neuroscience Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Xi'an Hospital of TCM, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Jin Xu
- Department of Human Anatomy, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
- Neuroscience Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - ZiLing Cai
- Department of Human Anatomy, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
- Neuroscience Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Human Anatomy, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
- Neuroscience Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Zhen Guo
- Department of Human Anatomy, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
- Neuroscience Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - JunNan Liu
- Department of Human Anatomy, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
- Neuroscience Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Hang Liang
- Department of Human Anatomy, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
- Neuroscience Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - LiHao Tan
- Department of Human Anatomy, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
- Neuroscience Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - ShengWei Gan
- Department of Human Anatomy, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
- Neuroscience Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Juan Huang
- Department of Human Anatomy, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
- Neuroscience Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - ShuJuan Zhu
- Department of Human Anatomy, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
- Neuroscience Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
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Zhang K, Jia H. Simultaneous gas embolism and pneumocephalus after paravertebral irrigation with hydrogen peroxide: A rare case report. Int J Surg Case Rep 2024; 116:109387. [PMID: 38367418 PMCID: PMC10943979 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2024.109387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Gas embolism is a rare but fatal clinical emergency. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) can cause gas embolism when improperly used in closed cavities or for deep and large wound irrigation. PRESENTATION OF CASE A 31-year-old woman was diagnosed with lumbar-3 tuberculosis and paravertebral abscess and underwent emergency spinal surgery in a prone position. After removing the tuberculous pus, 200 mL of H2O2 (3 % v/w) was used to repeatedly irrigate the abscess cavity. Immediately after irrigation, the patient suffered cardiac arrest. During cardiopulmonary resuscitation, transesophageal echocardiography revealed that the right cardiac cavity was filled with a diffuse "Snowflake-Like" gas embolus, and cranial computed tomography showed a multi-point pneumocephalus in the frontal lobes. The patient eventually suffered brain death despite the return of spontaneous circulation after active resuscitation. DISCUSSION H2O2 can quickly release abundant oxygen and water upon contact with catalase. Oxygen bubbles enter the vascular lumen and cause mechanical obstruction of the right cardiac circulation. In addition, H2O2 and oxygen bubbles may migrate upwards and enter the intracranial tissue through the epidural space or subdural space, resulting in intracranial pneumatosis. Diagnosis and treatment of gas embolism are extremely difficult. Some suggestions are that H2O2 should not be used in closed cavities or on deep and large wounds due to the potential risk of fatal gas embolism. CONCLUSION The fatal complications of gas embolism and pneumocephalus rarely occur simultaneously in one patient, and we aim to highlight this potential risk of intraoperative H2O2 use in spinal surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Surgery, The Second Hospital & Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, Gansu, China
| | - Haitao Jia
- Department of Anesthesiology and Surgery, The Second Hospital & Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, Gansu, China.
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Ren X, Shi P, Su J, Wei T, Li J, Hu Y, Wu C. Loss of Myo19 increases metastasis by enhancing microenvironmental ROS gradient and chemotaxis. EMBO Rep 2024; 25:971-990. [PMID: 38279020 PMCID: PMC10933354 DOI: 10.1038/s44319-023-00052-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Tumor metastasis involves cells migrating directionally in response to external chemical signals. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the form of H2O2 has been demonstrated as a chemoattractant for neutrophils but its spatial characteristics in tumor microenvironment and potential role in tumor cell dissemination remain unknown. Here we investigate the spatial ROS distribution in 3D tumor spheroids and identify a ROS concentration gradient in spheroid periphery, which projects into a H2O2 gradient in tumor microenvironment. We further reveal the role of H2O2 gradient to induce chemotaxis of tumor cells by activating Src and subsequently inhibiting RhoA. Finally, we observe that the absence of mitochondria cristae remodeling proteins including the mitochondria-localized actin motor Myosin 19 (Myo19) enhances ROS gradient and promotes tumor dissemination. Myo19 downregulation is seen in many tumors, and Myo19 expression is negatively associated with tumor metastasis in vivo. Together, our study reveals the chemoattractant role of tumor microenvironmental ROS and implies the potential impact of mitochondria cristae disorganization on tumor invasion and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Ren
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Peking University Health Science Center, Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Peng Shi
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Peking University Health Science Center, Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, Beijing, 100191, China.
- International Cancer Institute, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Jing Su
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Third Hospital, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Tonghua Wei
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Peking University Health Science Center, Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Jiayi Li
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Peking University Health Science Center, Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yiping Hu
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Peking University Health Science Center, Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Congying Wu
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Peking University Health Science Center, Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, Beijing, 100191, China.
- International Cancer Institute, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.
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10
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Wei X, Zhu Y, Xie W, Ren W, Zhang Y, Zhang H, Dai S, Huang CF. H2O2 negatively regulates aluminum resistance via oxidation and degradation of the transcription factor STOP1. THE PLANT CELL 2024; 36:688-708. [PMID: 37936326 PMCID: PMC10896299 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koad281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
Aluminum (Al) stress triggers the accumulation of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in roots. However, whether H2O2 plays a regulatory role in aluminum resistance remains unclear. In this study, we show that H2O2 plays a crucial role in regulation of Al resistance, which is modulated by the mitochondrion-localized pentatricopeptide repeat protein REGULATION OF ALMT1 EXPRESSION 6 (RAE6). Mutation in RAE6 impairs the activity of complex I of the mitochondrial electron transport chain, resulting in the accumulation of H2O2 and increased sensitivity to Al. Our results suggest that higher H2O2 concentrations promote the oxidation of SENSITIVE TO PROTON RHIZOTOXICITY 1 (STOP1), an essential transcription factor that promotes Al resistance, thereby promoting its degradation by enhancing the interaction between STOP1 and the F-box protein RAE1. Conversely, decreasing H2O2 levels or blocking the oxidation of STOP1 leads to greater STOP1 stability and increased Al resistance. Moreover, we show that the thioredoxin TRX1 interacts with STOP1 to catalyze its chemical reduction. Thus, our results highlight the importance of H2O2 in Al resistance and regulation of STOP1 stability in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Wei
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Key Laboratory of Plant Design, Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yifang Zhu
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Key Laboratory of Plant Design, Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Wenxiang Xie
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Key Laboratory of Plant Design, Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Weiwei Ren
- Development Center of Plant Germplasm Resources and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Key Laboratory of Plant Design, Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Development Center of Plant Germplasm Resources and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
| | - Shaojun Dai
- Development Center of Plant Germplasm Resources and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
| | - Chao-Feng Huang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Key Laboratory of Plant Design, Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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11
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Peng S, Chen G, Yu KN, Feng Y, Zhao L, Yang M, Cao W, Almahi WAA, Sun M, Xu Y, Zhao Y, Cheng C, Zhu F, Han W. Synergism of non-thermal plasma and low concentration RSL3 triggers ferroptosis via promoting xCT lysosomal degradation through ROS/AMPK/mTOR axis in lung cancer cells. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:112. [PMID: 38347507 PMCID: PMC10860232 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01382-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Though (1S, 3R)-RSL3 has been used widely in basic research as a small molecular inducer of ferroptosis, the toxicity on normal cells and poor pharmacokinetic properties of RSL3 limited its clinical application. Here, we investigated the synergism of non-thermal plasma (NTP) and low-concentration RSL3 and attempted to rise the sensitivity of NSCLC cells on RSL3. METHODS CCK-8 assay was employed to detect the change of cell viability. Microscopy and flowcytometry were applied to identify lipid peroxidation, cell death and reactive oxygen species (ROS) level respectively. The molecular mechanism was inspected with western blot and RT-qPCR. A xenograft mice model was adopted to investigate the effect of NTP and RSL3. RESULTS We found the synergism of NTP and low-concentration RSL3 triggered severe mitochondria damage, more cell death and rapid ferroptosis occurrence in vitro and in vivo. NTP and RSL3 synergistically induced xCT lysosomal degradation through ROS/AMPK/mTOR signaling. Furthermore, we revealed mitochondrial ROS was the main executor for ferroptosis induced by the combined treatment. CONCLUSION Our research shows NTP treatment promoted the toxic effect of RSL3 by inducing more ferroptosis rapidly and provided possibility of RSL3 clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengjie Peng
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Technology, Institute of Health and Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, People's Republic of China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Guodong Chen
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Technology, Institute of Health and Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, People's Republic of China
- Hefei Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, People's Republic of China
| | - K N Yu
- Department of Physics, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory in Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Feng
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Technology, Institute of Health and Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, People's Republic of China
- Teaching and Research Section of Nuclear Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, People's Republic of China
| | - Lele Zhao
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Technology, Institute of Health and Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, People's Republic of China
- Teaching and Research Section of Nuclear Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, People's Republic of China
| | - Miaomiao Yang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Technology, Institute of Health and Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, People's Republic of China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Cao
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Technology, Institute of Health and Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, People's Republic of China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Waleed Abdelbagi Ahmed Almahi
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Technology, Institute of Health and Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, People's Republic of China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingyu Sun
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Technology, Institute of Health and Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, People's Republic of China
- Teaching and Research Section of Nuclear Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Xu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Technology, Institute of Health and Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, People's Republic of China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Ye Zhao
- Teaching and Research Section of Nuclear Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng Cheng
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, People's Republic of China
| | - Fengqin Zhu
- Hefei Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Han
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Technology, Institute of Health and Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, People's Republic of China.
- Hefei Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, People's Republic of China.
- Teaching and Research Section of Nuclear Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, People's Republic of China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions and School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, People's Republic of China.
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12
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Hartley B, Bassiouni W, Roczkowsky A, Fahlman R, Schulz R, Julien O. Data-Independent Acquisition Proteomics and N-Terminomics Methods Reveal Alterations in Mitochondrial Function and Metabolism in Ischemic-Reperfused Hearts. J Proteome Res 2024; 23:844-856. [PMID: 38264990 PMCID: PMC10846531 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.3c00754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (IR) (stunning) injury triggers changes in the proteome and degradome of the heart. Here, we utilize quantitative proteomics and comprehensive degradomics to investigate the molecular mechanisms of IR injury in isolated rat hearts. The control group underwent aerobic perfusion, while the IR injury group underwent 20 min of ischemia and 30 min of reperfusion to induce a stunning injury. As MMP-2 activation has been shown to contribute to myocardial injury, hearts also underwent IR injury with ARP-100, an MMP-2-preferring inhibitor, to dissect the contribution of MMP-2 to IR injury. Using data-independent acquisition (DIA) and mass spectroscopy, we quantified 4468 proteins in ventricular extracts, whereby 447 proteins showed significant alterations among the three groups. We then used subtiligase-mediated N-terminomic labeling to identify more than a hundred specific cleavage sites. Among these protease substrates, 15 were identified following IR injury. We identified alterations in numerous proteins involved in mitochondrial function and metabolism following IR injury. Our findings provide valuable insights into the biochemical mechanisms of myocardial IR injury, suggesting alterations in reactive oxygen/nitrogen species handling and generation, fatty acid metabolism, mitochondrial function and metabolism, and cardiomyocyte contraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bridgette Hartley
- Department
of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2H7, Canada
| | - Wesam Bassiouni
- Department
of Pharmacology, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2S2, Canada
| | - Andrej Roczkowsky
- Department
of Pharmacology, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2S2, Canada
| | - Richard Fahlman
- Department
of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2H7, Canada
| | - Richard Schulz
- Department
of Pharmacology, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2S2, Canada
- Department
of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2S2, Canada
| | - Olivier Julien
- Department
of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2H7, Canada
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13
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Priya Reddy YN, Oelmüller R. Lipid peroxidation and stress-induced signalling molecules in systemic resistance mediated by azelaic acid/AZELAIC ACID INDUCED1: signal initiation and propagation. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 30:305-316. [PMID: 38623172 PMCID: PMC11016046 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-024-01420-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Systemic acquired resistance protects plants against a broad spectrum of secondary infections by pathogens. A crucial compound involved in the systemic spread of the threat information after primary pathogen infection is the C9 oxylipin azelaic acid (AZA), a breakdown product of unsaturated C18 fatty acids. AZA is generated during lipid peroxidation in the plastids and accumulates in response to various abiotic and biotic stresses. AZA stimulates the expression of AZELAIC ACID INDUCED1 (AZI1), and a pool of AZI1 accumulates in the plastid envelope in association with AZA. AZA and AZI1 utilize the symplastic pathway to travel through the plasmodesmata to neighbouring cells to induce systemic stress resistance responses in distal tissues. Here, we describe the synthesis, travel and function of AZA and AZI1 and discuss open questions of signal initiation and propagation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y. N. Priya Reddy
- Matthias Schleiden Institute, Plant Physiology, Friedrich-Schiller University Jena, Dornburger Str. 159, D-07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Ralf Oelmüller
- Matthias Schleiden Institute, Plant Physiology, Friedrich-Schiller University Jena, Dornburger Str. 159, D-07743 Jena, Germany
- Present Address: Max-Planck-Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knöll-Straße 8, D-07745 Jena, Germany
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14
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Ahmed J, Ismail A, Ding L, Yool AJ, Chaumont F. A new method to measure aquaporin-facilitated membrane diffusion of hydrogen peroxide and cations in plant suspension cells. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2024; 47:527-539. [PMID: 37946673 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Plant aquaporins (AQPs) facilitate the membrane diffusion of water and small solutes, including hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ) and, possibly, cations, essential signalling molecules in many physiological processes. While the determination of the channel activity generally depends on heterologous expression of AQPs in Xenopus oocytes or yeast cells, we established a genetic tool to determine whether they facilitate the diffusion of H2 O2 through the plasma membrane in living plant cells. We designed genetic constructs to co-express the fluorescent H2 O2 sensor HyPer and AQPs, with expression controlled by a heat shock-inducible promoter in Nicotiana tabacum BY-2 suspension cells. After induction of ZmPIP2;5 AQP expression, a HyPer signal was recorded when the cells were incubated with H2 O2 , suggesting that ZmPIP2;5 facilitates H2 O2 transmembrane diffusion; in contrast, the ZmPIP2;5W85A mutated protein was inactive as a water or H2 O2 channel. ZmPIP2;1, ZmPIP2;4 and AtPIP2;1 also facilitated H2 O2 diffusion. Incubation with abscisic acid and the elicitor flg22 peptide induced the intracellular H2 O2 accumulation in BY-2 cells expressing ZmPIP2;5. We also monitored cation channel activity of ZmPIP2;5 using a novel fluorescent photo-switchable Li+ sensor in BY-2 cells. BY-2 suspension cells engineered for inducible expression of AQPs as well as HyPer expression and the use of Li+ sensors constitute a powerful toolkit for evaluating the transport activity and the molecular determinants of PIPs in living plant cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jahed Ahmed
- Louvain Institute of Biomolecular Science and Technology, UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Ahmed Ismail
- Louvain Institute of Biomolecular Science and Technology, UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
| | - Lei Ding
- Louvain Institute of Biomolecular Science and Technology, UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Andrea J Yool
- School of Biomedicine, Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing (IPAS), University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - François Chaumont
- Louvain Institute of Biomolecular Science and Technology, UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
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15
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Wang S, Aljirafi FO, Payne GF, Bentley WE. Excite the unexcitable: engineering cells and redox signaling for targeted bioelectronic control. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2024; 85:103052. [PMID: 38150921 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2023.103052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
The ever-growing influence of technology in our lives has led to an increasing interest in the development of smart electronic devices to interrogate and control biological systems. Recently, redox-mediated electrogenetics introduced a novel avenue that enables direct bioelectronic control at the genetic level. In this review, we discuss recent advances in methodologies for bioelectronic control, ranging from electrical stimulation to engineering efforts that allow traditionally unexcitable cells to be electrically 'programmable.' Alongside ion-transport signaling, we suggest redox as a route for rational engineering because it is a native form of electronic communication in biology. Using redox as a common language allows the interfacing of electronics and biology. This newfound connection opens a gateway of possibilities for next-generation bioelectronic tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sally Wang
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA; Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, University of Maryland, Rockville, MD, USA; Fischell Institute of Biomedical Devices, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Futoon O Aljirafi
- Fischell Institute of Biomedical Devices, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA; Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Gregory F Payne
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, University of Maryland, Rockville, MD, USA; Fischell Institute of Biomedical Devices, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - William E Bentley
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA; Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, University of Maryland, Rockville, MD, USA; Fischell Institute of Biomedical Devices, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
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16
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Del Olmo M, Kalashnikov A, Schmal C, Kramer A, Herzel H. Coupling allows robust mammalian redox circadian rhythms despite heterogeneity and noise. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24773. [PMID: 38312577 PMCID: PMC10835301 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Circadian clocks are endogenous oscillators present in almost all cells that drive daily rhythms in physiology and behavior. There are two mechanisms that have been proposed to explain how circadian rhythms are generated in mammalian cells: through a transcription-translation feedback loop (TTFL) and based on oxidation/reduction reactions, both of which are intrinsically stochastic and heterogeneous at the single cell level. In order to explore the emerging properties of stochastic and heterogeneous redox oscillators, we simplify a recently developed kinetic model of redox oscillations to an amplitude-phase oscillator with 'twist' (period-amplitude correlation) and subject to Gaussian noise. We show that noise and heterogeneity alone lead to fast desynchronization, and that coupling between noisy oscillators can establish robust and synchronized rhythms with amplitude expansions and tuning of the period due to twist. Coupling a network of redox oscillators to a simple model of the TTFL also contributes to synchronization, large amplitudes and fine-tuning of the period for appropriate interaction strengths. These results provide insights into how the circadian clock compensates randomness from intracellular sources and highlight the importance of noise, heterogeneity and coupling in the context of circadian oscillators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Del Olmo
- Institute for Theoretical Biology - Humboldt Universität zu Berlin and Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Philippstraße 13, 10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Anton Kalashnikov
- Institute for Theoretical Biology - Humboldt Universität zu Berlin and Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Philippstraße 13, 10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Christoph Schmal
- Institute for Theoretical Biology - Humboldt Universität zu Berlin and Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Philippstraße 13, 10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Achim Kramer
- Institute for Medical Immunology - Laboratory of Chronobiology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Hanspeter Herzel
- Institute for Theoretical Biology - Humboldt Universität zu Berlin and Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Philippstraße 13, 10115 Berlin, Germany
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17
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Ismaiel MMS, Piercey-Normore MD. Cooperative antioxidative defense of the blue-green alga Arthrospira (Spirulina) platensis under oxidative stress imposed by exogenous application of hydrogen peroxide. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 341:123002. [PMID: 38000724 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.123002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is an environmentally-safe algaecide used to control harmful algal blooms and as a disinfectant in various domestic and industrial applications. It is produced naturally in sunny-water or as a by-product during growth, and metabolism of photosynthetic organisms. To assess the impact of H2O2 on Arthrospira platensis, several biochemical components, and antioxidant enzymes were analysed. The growth and biomass of A. platensis were decreased under the effect of H2O2. Whereas, the concentration up to 40 μM H2O2 non-significantly induced (at P < 0.05) the Chl a, C-phycocyanin (C-PC), total phycobiliprotein (PBP), and the radical scavenging activity of A. platensis. The half-maximal effective concentrations (EC50) for H2O2 were 57, 65, and 74 μM H2O2 with regards to the biomass yield, Chl a, and C-PC content, respectively. While, the total soluble protein, and soluble carbohydrates contents were significantly induced. However, the higher concentrations (60 and 80 μM) were lethal to these components, in parallel to the initiation of the lipid peroxidation process. Surprisingly, the carotenoids content was non-significantly increased by H2O2. Despite the relative consistency of catalase (CAT), the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) enzymes were boosted by all of the tested concentrations of H2O2. The relative transcript abundance of selected regulatory genes was also investigated. Except for the highest dose (80 μM), the tested concentrations had almost inhibitory effect on the relative transcripts of heat shock protein (HSP90), glutamate synthase (GOGAT), delta-9 desaturase (desC), iron-superoxide dismutase (FeSOD) and the Rubisco (the large subunit, rbcL) genes. The results demonstrated the importance of the non-enzymatic and enzymatic antioxidants for the cumulative tolerance of A. platensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa M S Ismaiel
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt.
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18
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Wang S, Zhang Y, Zhang L, Huang Y, Zhang J, Zhang K, Huang Y, Su G, Chen L, Yan B. Unraveling the complex dynamics of signaling molecules in cellular signal transduction. PNAS NEXUS 2024; 3:pgae020. [PMID: 38274121 PMCID: PMC10810328 DOI: 10.1093/pnasnexus/pgae020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Signaling molecules in cellular responses to foreign stimuli are described as static up- or down-concentration changes during signal transduction. This is because analytical methods for transducing molecules are much slower than the signaling events. In this study, we develop a dynamic cell model and reveal the temporal regulation of signal transduction events in response to reactive oxygen species (ROS). The model contained a set of 10 batches of redox-modified cells that mimic the temporal ROS accumulation events. Validating this dynamic cell model, we discover that cells survive early ROS attacks by activating the Nrf2/polysulfide/p62/CDK1 pathway. Nearly all signaling molecules exhibit time-dependent V-shape or inverse V-shape activation/feedback regulation dynamics in response to ROS accumulation. The results show that the dynamic cell model approach is invaluable for revealing complex signal intensity- and time-dependent cell signaling events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenqing Wang
- Institute of Environmental Research at the Greater Bay Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Institute of Environmental Research at the Greater Bay Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Liangwei Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China
| | - Yan Huang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Institute of Environmental Research at the Greater Bay Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Kena Zhang
- Institute of Environmental Research at the Greater Bay Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yujie Huang
- Institute of Environmental Research at the Greater Bay Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Gaoxing Su
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China
| | - Lingxin Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China
| | - Bing Yan
- Institute of Environmental Research at the Greater Bay Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
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19
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Lopez-Zaplana A, Nicolas-Espinosa J, Albaladejo-Marico L, Carvajal M. Exploring the mechanism of blindness physiopathy in Brassica oleracea var italica L. by comprehensive transcriptomics and metabolomics analysis. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 206:108304. [PMID: 38159550 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.108304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Blindness is a physiopathy characterized by apical abortion that particularly affects the Brassica family. The occurrence of blindness has been related to exposure to low temperatures during early developmental stages. However, the causes of this selective sensitivity and how they affect the correct development remain unknown. In this study, we investigated the mechanisms involved in the occurrence of blindness in broccoli plants. The analysis of RNAseq, focused on membrane transporters and the synthesis pathways of glucosinolates and phenolics, was related with physiological changes in nutrient and water uptake, gas exchange, and metabolism. Comparative gene expression analysis between control and blindness-affected broccoli plants revealed distinct regulation patterns in roots and shoots, leading to reduced synthesis of glucosinolates and phenolics. Additionally, the expression levels of aquaporins and potassium transporters were found to be associated with mineral and water transport. In this way, our results revealed the causes of blindness by identifying differentially expressed genes, highlighting those related to secondary metabolism, as well as genes involved in water and nutrient uptake and transport as the crucial involved in the physiopathy appearance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alvaro Lopez-Zaplana
- Aquaporins Group, Plant Nutrition Department, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada Del Segura (CEBAS-CSIC), Campus Universitario de Espinardo, Edificio 25, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Juan Nicolas-Espinosa
- Aquaporins Group, Plant Nutrition Department, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada Del Segura (CEBAS-CSIC), Campus Universitario de Espinardo, Edificio 25, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Lorena Albaladejo-Marico
- Aquaporins Group, Plant Nutrition Department, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada Del Segura (CEBAS-CSIC), Campus Universitario de Espinardo, Edificio 25, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Micaela Carvajal
- Aquaporins Group, Plant Nutrition Department, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada Del Segura (CEBAS-CSIC), Campus Universitario de Espinardo, Edificio 25, 30100 Murcia, Spain.
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20
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Lotsios NS, Arvanitis N, Charonitakis AG, Mpekoulis G, Frakolaki E, Vassilaki N, Sideris DC, Vassilacopoulou D. Expression of Human L-Dopa Decarboxylase (DDC) under Conditions of Oxidative Stress. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:10179-10192. [PMID: 38132481 PMCID: PMC10742706 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45120635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is known to influence mRNA levels, translation, and proteolysis. The importance of oxidative stress has been demonstrated in several human diseases, including neurodegenerative disorders. L-Dopa decarboxylase (DDC) is the enzyme that converts L-Dopa to dopamine (DA). In spite of a large number of studies, little is known about the biological significance of the enzyme under physiological and pathological conditions. Here, we investigated the relationship between DDC expression and oxidative stress in human neural and non-neural cells. Oxidative stress was induced by treatment with H2O2. Our data indicated that mRNA and protein expression of DDC was enhanced or remained stable under conditions of ROS induction, despite degradation of total RNA and increased cytotoxicity and apoptosis. Moreover, DDC silencing caused an increase in the H2O2-induced cytotoxicity. The current study suggests that DDC is involved in the mechanisms of oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaos S. Lotsios
- Section of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15701 Athens, Greece; (N.S.L.); (N.A.); (A.G.C.); (D.C.S.)
| | - Nikolaos Arvanitis
- Section of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15701 Athens, Greece; (N.S.L.); (N.A.); (A.G.C.); (D.C.S.)
| | - Alexandros G. Charonitakis
- Section of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15701 Athens, Greece; (N.S.L.); (N.A.); (A.G.C.); (D.C.S.)
| | - George Mpekoulis
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology, Hellenic Pasteur Institute (HPI), 11521 Athens, Greece; (G.M.); (N.V.)
| | - Efseveia Frakolaki
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology, Hellenic Pasteur Institute (HPI), 11521 Athens, Greece; (G.M.); (N.V.)
| | - Niki Vassilaki
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology, Hellenic Pasteur Institute (HPI), 11521 Athens, Greece; (G.M.); (N.V.)
| | - Diamantis C. Sideris
- Section of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15701 Athens, Greece; (N.S.L.); (N.A.); (A.G.C.); (D.C.S.)
| | - Dido Vassilacopoulou
- Section of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15701 Athens, Greece; (N.S.L.); (N.A.); (A.G.C.); (D.C.S.)
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21
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Edwards JV, Prevost NT, Hinchliffe DJ, Nam S, Chang S, Hron RJ, Madison CA, Smith JN, Poffenberger CN, Taylor MM, Martin EJ, Dixon KJ. Preparation and Activity of Hemostatic and Antibacterial Dressings with Greige Cotton/Zeolite Formularies Having Silver and Ascorbic Acid Finishes. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17115. [PMID: 38069435 PMCID: PMC10706952 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242317115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The need for prehospital hemostatic dressings that exert an antibacterial effect is of interest for prolonged field care. Here, we consider a series of antibacterial and zeolite formulary treatment approaches applied to a cotton-based dressing. The design of the fabric formulations was based on the hemostatic dressing TACGauze with zeolite Y incorporated as a procoagulant with calcium and pectin to facilitate fiber adherence utilizing silver nanoparticles, and cellulose-crosslinked ascorbic acid to confer antibacterial activity. Infra-red spectra were employed to characterize the chemical modifications on the dressings. Contact angle measurements were employed to document the surface hydrophobicity of the cotton fabric which plays a role in the contact activation of the coagulation cascade. Ammonium Y zeolite-treated dressings initiated fibrin equal to the accepted standard hemorrhage control dressing and showed similar improvement with antibacterial finishes. The antibacterial activity of cotton-based technology utilizing both citrate-linked ascorbate-cellulose conjugate analogs and silver nanoparticle-embedded cotton fibers was observed against Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae at a level of 99.99 percent in the AATCC 100 assay. The hydrogen peroxide levels of the ascorbic acid-based fabrics, measured over a time period from zero up to forty-eight hours, were in line with the antibacterial activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Vincent Edwards
- Southern Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, New Orleans, LA 70124, USA; (N.T.P.); (D.J.H.); (S.N.); (S.C.); (R.J.H.); (C.A.M.); (J.N.S.)
| | - Nicolette T. Prevost
- Southern Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, New Orleans, LA 70124, USA; (N.T.P.); (D.J.H.); (S.N.); (S.C.); (R.J.H.); (C.A.M.); (J.N.S.)
| | - Doug J. Hinchliffe
- Southern Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, New Orleans, LA 70124, USA; (N.T.P.); (D.J.H.); (S.N.); (S.C.); (R.J.H.); (C.A.M.); (J.N.S.)
| | - Sunghyun Nam
- Southern Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, New Orleans, LA 70124, USA; (N.T.P.); (D.J.H.); (S.N.); (S.C.); (R.J.H.); (C.A.M.); (J.N.S.)
| | - SeChin Chang
- Southern Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, New Orleans, LA 70124, USA; (N.T.P.); (D.J.H.); (S.N.); (S.C.); (R.J.H.); (C.A.M.); (J.N.S.)
| | - Rebecca J. Hron
- Southern Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, New Orleans, LA 70124, USA; (N.T.P.); (D.J.H.); (S.N.); (S.C.); (R.J.H.); (C.A.M.); (J.N.S.)
| | - Crista A. Madison
- Southern Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, New Orleans, LA 70124, USA; (N.T.P.); (D.J.H.); (S.N.); (S.C.); (R.J.H.); (C.A.M.); (J.N.S.)
| | - Jade N. Smith
- Southern Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, New Orleans, LA 70124, USA; (N.T.P.); (D.J.H.); (S.N.); (S.C.); (R.J.H.); (C.A.M.); (J.N.S.)
| | - Chelsie N. Poffenberger
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA; (C.N.P.); (M.M.T.); (K.J.D.)
| | - Michelle M. Taylor
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA; (C.N.P.); (M.M.T.); (K.J.D.)
| | - Erika J. Martin
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA;
| | - Kirsty J. Dixon
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA; (C.N.P.); (M.M.T.); (K.J.D.)
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22
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Mlangeni AT. Methylation of arsenic in rice: Mechanisms, factors, and mitigation strategies. Toxicol Rep 2023; 11:295-306. [PMID: 37789952 PMCID: PMC10543780 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2023.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Arsenic contamination in rice poses a significant health risk to rice consumers across the globe. This review examines the impact of water source and type on the speciation and methylation of arsenic in rice. The review highlights that groundwater used for irrigation in arsenic-affected regions can lead to higher total arsenic content in rice grains and lower proportions of methylated arsenic species. The methylation of As in rice is influenced by microbial activity in groundwater, which can methylate arsenic that is taken up by rice plants. Reclaimed water irrigation can also increase the risk of arsenic accumulation in rice crops, although the use of organic amendments and proper water management practices can reduce arsenic accumulation. Different water management regimes, such as continuous flooding irrigation, alternate wetting and drying, aerobic rice cultivation, and subsurface drip irrigation, can affect the speciation and methylation of As in rice. Continuous flooding irrigation reduces methylation of As due to anaerobic conditions, while alternate wetting and drying and aerobic rice cultivation promote methylation by creating aerobic conditions that stimulate the activity of arsenic-methylating microorganisms. Subsurface drip irrigation reduces total arsenic content in rice grains and increases the proportion of less toxic methylated arsenic species. The review also discusses the complex mechanisms of As-methylation and transport in rice, emphasizing the importance of understanding these mechanisms to develop strategies for reducing arsenic uptake in rice plants and mitigating health risks. The review addresses the impact of water source and type on arsenic speciation and methylation in rice and highlights the need for proper water management and treatment measures to ensure the safety of the food supply as well as aiding future research and policies to reduce health risks from rice consumption. The critical information gaps that this review addresses include the specific effects of different water management regimes on As-methylation, the role of microbial communities in groundwater in As-methylation, and the potential risks associated with the use of reclaimed water for irrigation.
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23
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Guerrero F, Carmona A, Vidal V, Franco A, Martín-Malo A, Sánchez-Fernández EM, Carrillo-Carrión C. A selenoureido-iminoglycolipid transported by zeolitic-imidazolate framework nanoparticles: a novel antioxidant therapeutic approach. NANOSCALE HORIZONS 2023; 8:1700-1710. [PMID: 37819240 DOI: 10.1039/d3nh00363a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
A selenium-containing metal-organic framework with remarkable antioxidant capacity and ROS-scavenging activity was constructed by a controlled de novo encapsulation approach of a glycoconjugate mimetic, specifically a sp2-iminoglycolipid bearing a selenoureido fragment (DSeU), within a zeolitic-imidazolate framework exoskeleton. Biocompatible and homogeneous nanosized particles of ∼70 nm (DSeU@ZIF8) were obtained, which could be efficiently internalized in cells, overcoming the poor solubility in biological media and limited bioavailability of glycolipids. The ZIF-particle served as nanocarrier for the intracellular delivery of the selenocompound to cells, promoted by the acidic pH inside endosomes/lysosomes. As demonstrated by in vitro studies, the designed DSeU@ZIF8 nanoparticles displayed a high antioxidant activity at low doses; lower intracellular ROS levels were observed upon the uptake of DSeU@ZIF8 by human endothelial cells. Even more interesting was the finding that these DSeU@ZIF8 particles were able to reverse to a certain level the oxidative stress induced in cells by pre-treatment with an oxidizing agent. This possibility of modulating the oxidative stress in living cells may have important implications in the treatment of diverse pathological complications that are generally accompanied with elevated ROS levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fátima Guerrero
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Reina Sofia University Hospital, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Andrés Carmona
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Reina Sofia University Hospital, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Victoria Vidal
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Reina Sofia University Hospital, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Ana Franco
- Leibniz Institute für Katalyse e. V., 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Alejandro Martín-Malo
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Reina Sofia University Hospital, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Elena M Sánchez-Fernández
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Seville, C/Profesor García González 1, 41012 Sevilla, Spain.
| | - Carolina Carrillo-Carrión
- Institute for Chemical Research (IIQ), CSIC-University of Seville, Avda. Américo Vespucio 49, 41092 Sevilla, Spain.
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24
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Katrak C, Garcia BA, Dornelas-Figueira LM, Nguyen M, Williams RB, Lorenz MC, Abranches J. Catalase produced by Candida albicans protects Streptococcus mutans from H 2O 2 stress-one more piece in the cross-kingdom synergism puzzle. mSphere 2023; 8:e0029523. [PMID: 37607054 PMCID: PMC10597455 DOI: 10.1128/msphere.00295-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Co-infection with Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans is associated with dental caries, and their co-cultivation results in enhanced biofilm matrix production that contributes to increased virulence and caries risk. Moreover, the catalase-negative S. mutans demonstrates increased oxidative stress tolerance when co-cultivated in biofilms with C. albicans, a catalase-producing yeast. Here, we sought to obtain mechanistic insights into the increased H2O2 tolerance of S. mutans when co-cultivated with clinical isolates of Candida glabrata, Candida tropicalis, and C. albicans. Additionally, the C. albicans SC5314 laboratory strain, its catalase mutant (SC5314Δcat1), and S. mutans UA159 and its glucosyltransferase B/C mutant (UA159ΔgtfB/C) were grown as single- and dual-species biofilms. Time-kill assays revealed that upon acute H2O2 challenge, the survival rates of S. mutans in dual-species biofilms with the clinical isolates and C. albicans SC5314 were greater than when paired with SC5314Δcat1 or as a single-species biofilm. Importantly, this protection was independent of glucan production through S. mutans GtfB/C. Transwell assays and treatment with H2O2-pre-stimulated C. albicans SC5314 supernatant revealed that this protection is contact-dependent. Biofilm stability assays with sublethal H2O2 or peroxigenic Streptococcus A12 challenge resulted in biomass reduction of single-species S. mutans UA159 and dual-species with SC5314Δcat1 biofilms compared to UA159 biofilms co-cultured with C. albicans SC5314. S. mutans oxidative stress genes were upregulated in single-species biofilms when exposed to H2O2, but not when S. mutans was co-cultivated with C. albicans SC5314. Here, we uncovered a novel, contact-dependent, synergistic interaction in which the catalase of C. albicans protects S. mutans against H2O2. IMPORTANCE It is well established that co-infection with the gram-positive caries-associated bacterium Streptococcus mutans and the yeast pathobiont Candida albicans results in aggressive forms of caries in humans and animal models. Together, these microorganisms form robust biofilms through enhanced production of extracellular polysaccharide matrix. Further, co-habitation in a biofilm community appears to enhance these microbes' tolerance to environmental stressors. Here, we show that catalase produced by C. albicans protects S. mutans from H2O2 stress in a biofilm matrix-independent manner. Our findings uncovered a novel synergistic trait between these two microorganisms that could be further exploited for dental caries prevention and control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Callahan Katrak
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Florida College of Dentistry, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Bruna A. Garcia
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Florida College of Dentistry, Gainesville, Florida, USA
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, University of Florida College of Dentistry, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | | | - Mary Nguyen
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Florida College of Dentistry, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Robert B. Williams
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, McGovern Medical School, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Michael C. Lorenz
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, McGovern Medical School, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jacqueline Abranches
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Florida College of Dentistry, Gainesville, Florida, USA
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25
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Wendt TS, Gonzales RJ. Ozanimod differentially preserves human cerebrovascular endothelial barrier proteins and attenuates matrix metalloproteinase-9 activity following in vitro acute ischemic injury. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2023; 325:C951-C971. [PMID: 37642239 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00342.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Endothelial integrity is critical in mitigating a vicious cascade of secondary injuries following acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), a contributor to endothelial integrity loss, is elevated during stroke and is associated with worsened stroke outcome. We investigated the FDA-approved selective sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1 (S1PR1) ligand, ozanimod, on the regulation/activity of MMP-9 as well as endothelial barrier components [platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1 (PECAM-1), claudin-5, and zonula occludens 1 (ZO-1)] in human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMECs) following hypoxia plus glucose deprivation (HGD). We previously reported that S1PR1 activation improves HBMEC integrity; however, mechanisms underlying S1PR1 involvement in endothelial cell barrier integrity have not been clearly elucidated. We hypothesized that ozanimod would attenuate an HGD-induced increase in MMP-9 activity that would concomitantly attenuate the loss of integral barrier components. Male HBMECs were treated with ozanimod or vehicle and exposed to 3 h of normoxia (21% O2) or HGD (1% O2). Immunoblotting, zymography, qRT-PCR, and immunocytochemical labeling techniques assessed processes related to MMP-9 and barrier markers. We observed that HGD acutely increased MMP-9 activity and reduced claudin-5 and PECAM-1 levels, and ozanimod attenuated these responses. In situ analysis, via PROSPER, suggested that attenuation of MMP-9 activity may be a primary factor in maintaining these integral barrier proteins. We also observed that HGD increased intracellular mechanisms associated with augmented MMP-9 activation; however, ozanimod had no effect on these select factors. Thus, we conclude that ozanimod has the potential to attenuate HGD-mediated decreases in HBMEC integrity in part by decreasing MMP-9 activity as well as preserving barrier properties.NEW & NOTEWORTHY We have identified a potential novel mechanism by which ozanimod, a selective sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1 (S1PR1) agonist, attenuates hypoxia plus glucose deprivation (HGD)-induced matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) activity and disruptions in integral human brain endothelial cell barrier proteins. Our results suggest that ischemic-like injury elicits increased MMP-9 activity and alterations of barrier integrity proteins in human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMECs) and that ozanimod via S1PR1 attenuates these HGD-induced responses, adding to its therapeutic potential in cerebrovascular protection during the acute phase of ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trevor S Wendt
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Phoenix, Arizona, United States
| | - Rayna J Gonzales
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Phoenix, Arizona, United States
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26
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Minzaghi D, Pavel P, Kremslehner C, Gruber F, Oberreiter S, Hagenbuchner J, Del Frari B, Blunder S, Gruber R, Dubrac S. Excessive Production of Hydrogen Peroxide in Mitochondria Contributes to Atopic Dermatitis. J Invest Dermatol 2023; 143:1906-1918.e8. [PMID: 37085042 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2023.03.1680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023]
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a complex disease characterized by chronic recurring eczema and pruritus. In addition, patients with AD display increased cutaneous and systemic levels of oxidative damage markers, whose source remains elusive. In this study, we investigated oxidative and mitochondrial stress in AD epidermis. The levels of superoxide dismutase 2 and hydrogen peroxide are augmented in the mitochondria of flaky tail (ft/ft) mouse keratinocytes, which is associated with the inhibition of the glutathione system and catalase. Furthermore, reduced levels of glutathione peroxidase 4 are associated with accumulation of malondialdehyde, 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal, and oxidized phosphatidylcholines in ft/ft epidermis. Cytochrome c is markedly increased in ft/ft epidermis, hence showing mitochondrial stress. Topical application of MitoQ, which is a mitochondrial-targeting antioxidant, to ft/ft mouse skin reduced damage to macromolecules and inflammation and restored epidermal homeostasis. Absence of alteration in the expression of superoxide dismutase 2, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase 4 and limited lipid peroxidation as well as oxidized phosphatidylcholines in the epidermis of Flg-/- mice suggest that FLG deficiency marginally contributes to oxidative stress in ft/ft epidermis. Increased superoxide dismutase 2, lipid peroxidation, and cytochrome c in the epidermis of patients with AD, associated with reduced antioxidant response in primary AD keratinocytes, corroborate mitochondrial dysfunction and lack of cellular adjustment to oxidative stress in AD epidermis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Minzaghi
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Petra Pavel
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | - Florian Gruber
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sophie Oberreiter
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | - Barbara Del Frari
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Stefan Blunder
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Robert Gruber
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Sandrine Dubrac
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
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27
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Koren SA, Ahmed Selim N, De la Rosa L, Horn J, Farooqi MA, Wei AY, Müller-Eigner A, Emerson J, Johnson GVW, Wojtovich AP. All-optical spatiotemporal mapping of ROS dynamics across mitochondrial microdomains in situ. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6036. [PMID: 37758713 PMCID: PMC10533892 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41682-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) functions as a second messenger to signal metabolic distress through highly compartmentalized production in mitochondria. The dynamics of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and diffusion between mitochondrial compartments and into the cytosol govern oxidative stress responses and pathology, though these processes remain poorly understood. Here, we couple the H2O2 biosensor, HyPer7, with optogenetic stimulation of the ROS-generating protein KillerRed targeted into multiple mitochondrial microdomains. Single mitochondrial photogeneration of H2O2 demonstrates the spatiotemporal dynamics of ROS diffusion and transient hyperfusion of mitochondria due to ROS. This transient hyperfusion phenotype required mitochondrial fusion but not fission machinery. Measurement of microdomain-specific H2O2 diffusion kinetics reveals directionally selective diffusion through mitochondrial microdomains. All-optical generation and detection of physiologically-relevant concentrations of H2O2 between mitochondrial compartments provide a map of mitochondrial H2O2 diffusion dynamics in situ as a framework to understand the role of ROS in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shon A Koren
- University of Rochester Medical Center, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, 575 Elmwood Ave., Rochester, NY, 14642, Box 711/604, USA
| | - Nada Ahmed Selim
- University of Rochester Medical Center, Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, 575 Elmwood Ave., Rochester, NY, 14642, Box 711/604, USA
| | - Lizbeth De la Rosa
- University of Rochester Medical Center, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, 575 Elmwood Ave., Rochester, NY, 14642, Box 711/604, USA
| | - Jacob Horn
- University of Rochester Medical Center, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, 575 Elmwood Ave., Rochester, NY, 14642, Box 711/604, USA
| | - M Arsalan Farooqi
- University of Rochester Medical Center, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, 575 Elmwood Ave., Rochester, NY, 14642, Box 711/604, USA
| | - Alicia Y Wei
- University of Rochester Medical Center, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, 575 Elmwood Ave., Rochester, NY, 14642, Box 711/604, USA
| | - Annika Müller-Eigner
- Research Group Epigenetics, Metabolism and Longevity, Research Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Dummerstorf, 18196, Germany
| | - Jacen Emerson
- University of Rochester Medical Center, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, 575 Elmwood Ave., Rochester, NY, 14642, Box 711/604, USA
| | - Gail V W Johnson
- University of Rochester Medical Center, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, 575 Elmwood Ave., Rochester, NY, 14642, Box 711/604, USA
| | - Andrew P Wojtovich
- University of Rochester Medical Center, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, 575 Elmwood Ave., Rochester, NY, 14642, Box 711/604, USA.
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28
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Ngoennet S, Sirisattha S, Kusolkumbot P, Hibino T, Kageyama H, Waditee-Sirisattha R. Active role of the protein translation machinery in protecting against stress tolerance in Synechococcus elongatus PCC7942. Arch Biochem Biophys 2023; 746:109734. [PMID: 37648010 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2023.109734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
In vivo protein synthesis is crucial for all domains of life. It is accomplished through translational machinery, and a key step is the translocation of tRNA-mRNA by elongation factor G (EF-G). Genome-based analysis revealed two EF-G encoding genes (S0885 and S2082) in the freshwater cyanobacterium model Synechococcus elongatus PCC7942. S0885 is the essential EF-G gene for photosynthesis. We generated a strain of S. elongatus PCC7942 that overexpressed S0885 (OX-S0885) to identify EF-G functionality. RT-PCR and Western blot analyses revealed increased transcriptional and translational levels in OX-S0885 at 10.5-13.5 and 2.0-3.0 fold, respectively. Overexpression of S0885 led to an increase in specific growth rate. Additionally, polysome-to-monosome ratio (P/M) and RNA-to-protein ratio (R/P) were elevated in OX-S0885 compared with the empty vector. Interestingly, R/P in OX-S0885 was retained at more than 70% under oxidative stress while R/P in the empty vector was severely depleted, suggesting the maintenance of translation. Thus, S0885 appeared to be the important target of oxidative stress because it was protected by the stress response system to maintain its function. These results suggest that cyanobacterial EF-G has a primary function in translation and an unrelated activity during stress conditions. These findings support the substantial role of EF-G in the formation and maintenance of cellular protein formation, and in the protection of the global translational mechanism under oxidative stress condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siripat Ngoennet
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand; Graduate School of Environmental and Human Sciences, Meijo University, Nagoya, Aichi, 468-8502, Japan
| | - Sophon Sirisattha
- Thailand Institute of Scientific and Technological Research (TISTR), Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Pokchut Kusolkumbot
- Thailand Institute of Scientific and Technological Research (TISTR), Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Takashi Hibino
- Graduate School of Environmental and Human Sciences, Meijo University, Nagoya, Aichi, 468-8502, Japan; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Meijo University, Nagoya, Aichi, 468-8502, Japan
| | - Hakuto Kageyama
- Graduate School of Environmental and Human Sciences, Meijo University, Nagoya, Aichi, 468-8502, Japan; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Meijo University, Nagoya, Aichi, 468-8502, Japan.
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29
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Ruan S, Liu W, Wang W, Lu Y. Research Progress of SERS Sensors Based on Hydrogen Peroxide and Related Substances. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2023:1-22. [PMID: 37695106 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2023.2255901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) has an important role in living organisms, and its detection is of great importance in medical, chemical, and food safety applications. This review provides a comparison of different types of Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) sensors for H2O2 and related substances with respect to their detection limits, which are of interest due to high sensitivity compared to conventional sensors. According to the latest research report, this review focuses on the sensing mechanism of different sensors and summarizes the linear range, detection limits, and cellular applications of new SERS sensors, and discusses the limitations in vivo and future prospects of SERS technology for the detection of H2O2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyan Ruan
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Oriented Chemical Engineer, Fujian Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, Engineering Research Center of Industrial Biocatalysis, Fujian Province Higher Education Institutes, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Wenting Liu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Oriented Chemical Engineer, Fujian Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, Engineering Research Center of Industrial Biocatalysis, Fujian Province Higher Education Institutes, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Wenxi Wang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Oriented Chemical Engineer, Fujian Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, Engineering Research Center of Industrial Biocatalysis, Fujian Province Higher Education Institutes, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Yudong Lu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Oriented Chemical Engineer, Fujian Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, Engineering Research Center of Industrial Biocatalysis, Fujian Province Higher Education Institutes, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
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Zhang K, Di G, Bai Y, Liu A, Bian W, Chen P. Aquaporin 5 in the eye: Expression, function, and roles in ocular diseases. Exp Eye Res 2023; 233:109557. [PMID: 37380095 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2023.109557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
As a water channel protein, aquaporin 5 (AQP5) is essential for the maintenance of the normal physiological functions of ocular tissues. This review provides an overview of the expression and function of AQP5 in the eye and discusses their role in related eye diseases. Although AQP5 plays a vital role in ocular functions, such as maintaining corneal and lens transparency, regulating water movement, and maintaining homeostasis, some of its functions in ocular tissues are still unclear. Based on the key role of AQP5 in eye function, this review suggests that in the future, eye diseases may be treated by regulating the expression of aquaporin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaier Zhang
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong Province, China
| | - Guohu Di
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong Province, China
| | - Ying Bai
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong Province, China
| | - Anxu Liu
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong Province, China
| | - Wenhan Bian
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong Province, China
| | - Peng Chen
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong Province, China; Clinical Laboratory, Qingdao Central Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266042, Shandong Province, China.
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Jezek M, Allan AC, Jones JJ, Geilfus CM. Why do plants blush when they are hungry? THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2023; 239:494-505. [PMID: 36810736 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Foliar anthocyanins, as well as other secondary metabolites, accumulate transiently under nutritional stress. A misconception that only nitrogen or phosphorus deficiency induces leaf purpling/reddening has led to overuse of fertilizers that burden the environment. Here, we emphasize that several other nutritional imbalances induce anthocyanin accumulation, and nutrient-specific differences in this response have been reported for some deficiencies. A range of ecophysiological functions have been attributed to anthocyanins. We discuss the proposed functions and signalling pathways that elicit anthocyanin synthesis in nutrient-stressed leaves. Knowledge from the fields of genetics, molecular biology, ecophysiology and plant nutrition is combined to deduce how and why anthocyanins accumulate under nutritional stress. Future research to fully understand the mechanisms and nuances of foliar anthocyanin accumulation in nutrient-stressed crops could be utilized to allow these leaf pigments to act as bioindicators for demand-oriented application of fertilizers. This would benefit the environment, being timely due to the increasing impact of the climate crisis on crop performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mareike Jezek
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biophysics, University of Glasgow, Bower Building, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Andrew C Allan
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research Ltd (Plant & Food Research), Mt Albert, Private Bag 92169, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
| | - Jeffrey J Jones
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Life Sciences, Albrecht Daniel Thaer-Institute of Agricultural and Horticultural Sciences, Humboldt-University of Berlin, Albrecht-Thaer-Weg 1, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christoph-Martin Geilfus
- Department of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, Hochschule Geisenheim University, Von-Lade-Straße 1, 65366, Geisenheim, Germany
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Park JY, Kim KT, Paik HD. Neuroprotective effects of hydroponic ginseng fermented by Lactococcus lactis KC24 in oxidatively stressed SH-SY5Y cells. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2023; 103:4413-4420. [PMID: 36806249 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Panax ginseng Meyer, a traditional herb in Asia, contains bioactive compounds such as polyphenolic compounds, flavonoids, and ginsenosides. Furthermore, fermentation with probiotics can promote the biofunctional activities of ginseng. This study's object was to investigate the neuroprotective effect of hydroponic ginseng against hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 )-induced cytotoxicity and its effect on the fermentation time. RESULTS Nonfermented hydroponic ginseng (HNF) was fermented with Lactococcus lactis KC24 at 37 °C for 12 h (H12F) or 24 h (H24F). As fermentation progressed, the content of ginsenosides Rd and F2 increased slightly. The viability of cells pretreated with H2 O2 -exposed nonfermented soil-cultivated ginseng (SNF), HNF, H12F, and H24F gradually improved. In addition, a similar cytotoxicity trend was observed for the level of lactate dehydrogenase released. Fermentation with L. lactis KC24 also enhanced the protective effect of HNF in all assays related to the neuroprotective pathway. In other words, superoxide dismutase and catalase messenger RNA (mRNA) expression levels were upregulated in H24F-treated cells. Similarly, H24F also upregulated the mRNA and protein expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor to the highest observed concentration. Moreover, the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio was the lowest after H24F pretreatment in H2 O2 -induced SH-SY5Y cells. Attenuating the cytotoxicity in H2 O2 -induced SH-SY5Y cells, H24F markedly reduced caspase-3 and -9 mRNA expression and caspase-3 activity. CONCLUSION These results suggest that HNF exhibited higher neuroprotection than SNF, which was enhanced after fermentation. This study demonstrates that H12F and H24F can be potential ingredients for developing healthy functional foods and pharmaceutical materials. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Young Park
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology of Animal Resources, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kee-Tae Kim
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology of Animal Resources, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Dong Paik
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology of Animal Resources, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Jiang N, Qian L, Peng Q, Zhang S, Yue W. Fluorescent sensor based on PtS 2-PEG nanosheets with peroxidase-like activity for intracellular hydrogen peroxide detection and imaging. Anal Chim Acta 2023; 1259:341179. [PMID: 37100474 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.341179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is produced in living organisms and is involved in a variety of redox-regulated processes. Therefore, the detection of H2O2 is important for tracing the molecular mechanisms of some biological events. Here, we demonstrated for the first time the peroxidase activity of PtS2-PEG NSs under the physiological conditions. PtS2 NSs were synthesized by mechanical exfoliation followed by functionalization with polyethylene glycol amines (PEG-NH2) to improve their biocompatibility and physiological stability. Fluorescence was generated by catalyzing the oxidation of o-phenylenediamine (OPD) by H2O2 in the presence of the PtS2 NSs. The proposed sensor had a limit of detection (LOD) of 248 nM and a detection range of 0.5-50 μM in the solution state, which was better than or comparable to previous reports in the literature. The developed sensor was further applied for the detection of H2O2 released from cells as well as for imaging studies. The results show that the sensor is promising for future applications in clinical analysis and pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nian Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Functional Materials, School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, 638 Longmian Avenue, Chunhua Street, Jiangning District, Nanjing, 211198, PR China
| | - Ling Qian
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Functional Materials, School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, 638 Longmian Avenue, Chunhua Street, Jiangning District, Nanjing, 211198, PR China
| | - Qiang Peng
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Functional Materials, School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, 638 Longmian Avenue, Chunhua Street, Jiangning District, Nanjing, 211198, PR China
| | - Shuqi Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Functional Materials, School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, 638 Longmian Avenue, Chunhua Street, Jiangning District, Nanjing, 211198, PR China
| | - Wanqing Yue
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Functional Materials, School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, 638 Longmian Avenue, Chunhua Street, Jiangning District, Nanjing, 211198, PR China; Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (China Pharmaceutical University), Ministry of Education, 638 Longmian Avenue, Chunhua Street, Jiangning District, Nanjing, 211198, PR China.
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Javed R, Mumtaz S, Choi EH, Han I. Effect of Plasma-Treated Water with Magnesium and Zinc on Growth of Chinese Cabbage. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24098426. [PMID: 37176132 PMCID: PMC10179069 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonthermal biocompatible plasma (NBP) is an emerging technology in the field of agriculture to boost plant growth. Plasma is a source of various gaseous reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) and has a promising role in agricultural applications, as the long-lived RONS (H2O2, NO2-, NO3-) in liquid activate signaling molecules in plant metabolism. Plasma-treated water (PTW) has an acidic pH of around 3 to 4, which may be detrimental to pH-sensitive plants. Innovative techniques for producing PTW with a pH value of 6 to 7 under neutral circumstances are desperately required to broaden the application range of NBP in agriculture. Furthermore, Pak Choi (Brassica campestris L.) is a Brassicaceae family green vegetable that has yet to be investigated for its response to NBP. In this work, we proposed an alternate method for neutralizing the pH of PTW by immersing metal ions (Mg2+ and Zn2+) in the PTW and observing its effect on Pak Choi. After synthesizing PTW with MECDBD, we analyzed germination rate and growth parameters, then seedlings for 42 days to show physiological, biochemical, and molecular levels. The germination rate was observed to be higher with PTW and more efficient when metal ions were present. Seedling length and germination rates were dramatically boosted when compared to DI water irrigation. Because of the increased chlorophyll and protein content, the plants responded to the availability of nitrogen by generating highly green leaves. Furthermore, we observed that PTW increases the expression of NR genes and GLR1 genes, which are further increased when metals are submerged in the PTW. Furthermore, PTW and PTW with metals reduced ABI5 and CHO1 which is associated with a growth inhibitor. According to this study, nonthermal plasma might be utilized to significantly improve seed germination and seedlings' development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rida Javed
- Plasma Bioscience Research Center, Applied Plasma Medicine Center, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea
- Department of Plasma Bio-Display, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea
| | - Sohail Mumtaz
- Plasma Bioscience Research Center, Applied Plasma Medicine Center, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Ha Choi
- Plasma Bioscience Research Center, Applied Plasma Medicine Center, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea
| | - Ihn Han
- Plasma Bioscience Research Center, Applied Plasma Medicine Center, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea
- Department of Plasma Bio-Display, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea
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Laothanachareon T, Asin-Garcia E, Volkers RJM, Tamayo-Ramos JA, Martins Dos Santos VAP, Schaap PJ. Identification of Aspergillus niger Aquaporins Involved in Hydrogen Peroxide Signaling. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 9:jof9040499. [PMID: 37108953 PMCID: PMC10144872 DOI: 10.3390/jof9040499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Aspergillus niger is a robust microbial cell factory for organic acid production. However, the regulation of many industrially important pathways is still poorly understood. The regulation of the glucose oxidase (Gox) expression system, involved in the biosynthesis of gluconic acid, has recently been uncovered. The results of that study show hydrogen peroxide, a by-product of the extracellular conversion of glucose to gluconate, has a pivotal role as a signaling molecule in the induction of this system. In this study, the facilitated diffusion of hydrogen peroxide via aquaporin water channels (AQPs) was studied. AQPs are transmembrane proteins of the major intrinsic proteins (MIPs) superfamily. In addition to water and glycerol, they may also transport small solutes such as hydrogen peroxide. The genome sequence of A. niger N402 was screened for putative AQPs. Seven AQPs were found and could be classified into three main groups. One protein (AQPA) belonged to orthodox AQP, three (AQPB, AQPD, and AQPE) were grouped in aquaglyceroporins (AQGP), two (AQPC and AQPF) were in X-intrinsic proteins (XIPs), and the other (AQPG) could not be classified. Their ability to facilitate diffusion of hydrogen peroxide was identified using yeast phenotypic growth assays and by studying AQP gene knock-outs in A. niger. The X-intrinsic protein AQPF appears to play roles in facilitating hydrogen peroxide transport across the cellular membrane in both Saccharomyces cerevisiae and A. niger experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thanaporn Laothanachareon
- Laboratory of Systems and Synthetic Biology, Wageningen University & Research, 6708 WE Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Enzyme Technology Laboratory, Biorefinery and Bioproduct Technology Research Group, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, 113 Thailand Science Park, Khlong Luang, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand
| | - Enrique Asin-Garcia
- Laboratory of Systems and Synthetic Biology, Wageningen University & Research, 6708 WE Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Biomanufacturing and Digital Twins, Wageningen University & Research, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Rita J M Volkers
- Laboratory of Systems and Synthetic Biology, Wageningen University & Research, 6708 WE Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Juan Antonio Tamayo-Ramos
- ITENE Research Center, Industrial Biotechnology Area, C/Albert Einstein 1, 46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Peter J Schaap
- Laboratory of Systems and Synthetic Biology, Wageningen University & Research, 6708 WE Wageningen, The Netherlands
- UNLOCK Large Scale Infrastructure for Microbial Communities, Wageningen University & Research, Delft University of Technology, 6708 WE Wageningen, The Netherlands
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Farouk S, AL-Huqail AA, El-Gamal SMA. Potential Role of Biochar and Silicon in Improving Physio-Biochemical and Yield Characteristics of Borage Plants under Different Irrigation Regimes. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:1605. [PMID: 37111829 PMCID: PMC10146047 DOI: 10.3390/plants12081605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Silicon (Si) and biochar (Bc) are key signaling conditioners that improve plant metabolic processes and promote drought tolerance. However, the specific role of their integrative application under water restrictions on economical plants is not yet well understood. Two field experiments throughout 2018/2019 and 2019/2020 were conducted to examine the physio-biochemical modifications and yield attributes of borage plants mediated by Bc (9.52 tons ha-1) and/or Si (300 mg L-1) under different irrigation regimes (100, 75, and 50% of crop evapotranspiration). Catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD) activity; relative water content, water, and osmotic potential; leaf area per plant and yield attributes; and chlorophyll (Chl) content, Chla/chlorophyllidea (Chlida), and Chlb/Chlidb were considerably reduced within the drought condition. On the other hand, oxidative biomarkers, as well as organic and antioxidant solutes, were increased under drought, associated with membrane dysfunction, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activation, and osmotic adjustment (OA) capacity as well as a hyperaccumulation of porphyrin intermediates. Supplementation of Bc and Si lessens the detrimental impacts of drought on several plant metabolic processes associated with increasing leaf area and yield attributes. Their application under normal or drought conditions significantly elicited the accumulation of organic and antioxidant solutes as well as the activation of antioxidant enzymes, followed by lessening the formation of free radical oxygen and mitigating oxidative injuries. Moreover, their application maintained water status and OA capacity. Si and/or Bc treatment reduced protoporphyrin, magnesium-protoporphyrin, and protochlorophyllide while increasing Chla and Chlb assimilation and boosting the ratio of Chla/Chlida and Chlb/Chlidb, resulting in a rise in leaf area per plant and yield components following these modifications. These findings highlight the significance of Si and/or Bc as (a) stress-signaling molecule(s) in regulating defensive systems in drought-affected borage plants by boosting antioxidant aptitude, regulating water status, and accelerating chlorophyll assimilation, thus leading to increasing leaf area and productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saad Farouk
- Agricultural Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt;
| | - Arwa Abdulkreem AL-Huqail
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Seham M. A. El-Gamal
- Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research Department, Horticulture Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza 12619, Egypt;
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Chu Z, Yang J, Zheng W, Sun J, Wang W, Qian H. Recent advances on modulation of H2O2 in tumor microenvironment for enhanced cancer therapeutic efficacy. Coord Chem Rev 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2023.215049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
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38
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Amoroso R, Maccallini C, Bellezza I. Activators of Nrf2 to Counteract Neurodegenerative Diseases. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12030778. [PMID: 36979026 PMCID: PMC10045503 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12030778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases are incurable and debilitating conditions that result in progressive degeneration and loss of nerve cells. Oxidative stress has been proposed as one factor that plays a potential role in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders since neuron cells are particularly vulnerable to oxidative damage. Nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2) is strictly related to anti-inflammatory and antioxidative cell response; therefore, its activation and the consequent enhancement of the related cellular pathways have been proposed as a potential therapeutic approach. Several Nrf2 activators with different mechanisms and diverse structures have been reported, but those applied for neurodisorders are still limited. However, in the very last few years, interesting progress has been made, particularly in enhancing the blood-brain barrier penetration, to make Nrf2 activators effective drugs, and in designing Nrf2-based multitarget-directed ligands to affect multiple pathways involved in the pathology of neurodegenerative diseases. The present review gives an overview of the most representative findings in this research area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Amoroso
- Department of Pharmacy, University "G.d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini, 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Cristina Maccallini
- Department of Pharmacy, University "G.d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini, 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Ilaria Bellezza
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Polo Unico Sant'Andrea delle Fratte, P.e Lucio Severi 1, 06132 Perugia, Italy
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Ali S, Gill RA, Ulhassan Z, Zhang N, Hussain S, Zhang K, Huang Q, Sagir M, Tahir MB, Gill MB, Mwamba TM, Ali B, Zhou W. Exogenously applied melatonin enhanced the tolerance of Brassica napus against cobalt toxicity by modulating antioxidant defense, osmotic adjustment, and expression of stress response genes. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 252:114624. [PMID: 36758507 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The excessive accumulation of cobalt (Co) in plant tissues severely impairs plant growth that ultimately reduces the yield. However, melatonin (MT) has been known to mediate the abiotic stress tolerance in plants. The present study aimed at investigating the protective mechanisms of exogenously applied MT (0, 50 and 100 μM) under Co (0, 100, 200 and 300 μM) stress by focusing on morpho-physiological, biochemical and cellular characterizations of Brassica napus plants. Cobalt (300 μM) alone treatment drastically inhibited the stomatal conductance, plant height (45%), leaf area (30%), free amino acid (139%), relative electrolyte leakage (109%), and total soluble sugars (71%), compared with the control. However, the exogenous supply of MT notably minimized the oxidative damage, lipid peroxidation and maintained the membrane integrity under Co-toxicity by restricting the overproduction of ROS (H2O2 and O2•), and MDA in leaves and roots. Melatonin significantly enhanced the activities of ROS-scavenging antioxidant enzymes, secondary metabolism-related phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL), polyphenol oxidase (PPO), stress-responsive genes (heat shock protein as HSP-90, methyl transferase as MT) and regulated the Co-transporters, especially in roots. These findings indicated that an exogenous supply of MT improve the plant morphology, photosynthetic apparatus, osmotic adjustments, and antioxidant defense systems by enhancing the Co-detoxification in B. napus plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Skhawat Ali
- Institute of Crop Science and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Rafaqat A Gill
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Zaid Ulhassan
- Institute of Crop Science and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Na Zhang
- Institute of Crop Science and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Saddam Hussain
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan
| | - Kangni Zhang
- Institute of Crop Science and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Qian Huang
- Institute of Crop Science and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Muhammad Sagir
- Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology (KFUEIT), Rahim Yar Khan, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Bilal Tahir
- Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology (KFUEIT), Rahim Yar Khan, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad B Gill
- School of Land and Food, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
| | - Theodore M Mwamba
- Department of Crop Science, University of Lubumbashi, Lubumbashi 1825, Democratic Republic of Congo
| | - Basharat Ali
- Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology (KFUEIT), Rahim Yar Khan, Pakistan.
| | - Weijun Zhou
- Institute of Crop Science and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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Bai W, Zhang K, Yu S, Zhang J, Jin L. The preparation of MnO2/BSA/CdTe quantum dots complex for ratiometric fluorescence/ T1-weighted MRI detection of H2O2. Talanta 2023; 252:123774. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2022.123774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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41
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Highly-efficient cathodic lysis of biofilm on conductive carbon nanotube membranes. Sep Purif Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.122327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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42
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Lemke MD, Woodson JD. Targeted for destruction: degradation of singlet oxygen-damaged chloroplasts. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2022; 17:2084955. [PMID: 35676885 PMCID: PMC9196835 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2022.2084955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Photosynthesis is an essential process that plants must regulate to survive in dynamic environments. Thus, chloroplasts (the sites of photosynthesis in plant and algae cells) use multiple signaling mechanisms to report their health to the cell. Such signals are poorly understood but often involve reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced from the photosynthetic light reactions. One ROS, singlet oxygen (1O2), can signal to initiate chloroplast degradation, but the cellular machinery involved in identifying and degrading damaged chloroplasts (i.e., chloroplast quality control pathways) is unknown. To provide mechanistic insight into these pathways, two recent studies have investigated degrading chloroplasts in the Arabidopsis thaliana1O2 over-producing plastid ferrochelatase two (fc2) mutant. First, a structural analysis of degrading chloroplasts was performed with electron microscopy, which demonstrated that damaged chloroplasts can protrude into the central vacuole compartment with structures reminiscent of fission-type microautophagy. 1O2-stressed chloroplasts swelled before these interactions, which may be a mechanism for their selective degradation. Second, the roles of autophagosomes and canonical autophagy (macroautophagy) were shown to be dispensable for 1O2-initiated chloroplast degradation. Instead, putative fission-type microautophagy genes were induced by chloroplast 1O2. Here, we discuss how these studies implicate this poorly understood cellular degradation pathway in the dismantling of 1O2-damaged chloroplasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew D. Lemke
- The School of Plant Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Jesse D. Woodson
- The School of Plant Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
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Anoy MMI, Gelston S, Mohamed A, Flurin L, Raval YS, Greenwood-Quaintance K, Patel R, Lewandowski Z, Beyenal H. Hypochlorous acid produced at the counter electrode inhibits catalase and increases bactericidal activity of a hydrogen peroxide generating electrochemical bandage. Bioelectrochemistry 2022; 148:108261. [PMID: 36115186 PMCID: PMC10080710 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2022.108261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Previously, an electrochemical bandage (e-bandage) that uses a three-electrode system to produce hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) electrochemically on its working electrode was developed as a potential strategy for treating biofilms; it showed activity in reducing biofilms in an agar biofilm model. Xanthan gum-based hydrogel, including NaCl, was used as the electrolyte. While H2O2 generated at the working electrode in the vicinity of a biofilm is a main mechanism of activity, the role of the counter electrode was not explored. The goal of this research was to characterize electrochemical reactions occurring on the counter electrode of the e-bandage. Counter electrode potential varied between 1.2 and 1.5 VAg/AgCl; ∼125 µM hypochlorous acid (HOCl) was generated within 24 h in the e-bandage system. When HOCl was not produced on the counter electrode (achieved by removing NaCl from the hydrogel), reduction of Acinetobacter baumannii BAA-1605 biofilm was 1.08 ± 0.38 log10 CFU/cm2 after 24 h treatment, whereas when HOCl was produced, reduction was 3.87 ± 1.44 log10 CFU/cm2. HOCl inhibited catalase activity, abrogating H2O2 decomposition. In addition to H2O2 generation, the previously described H2O2-generating e-bandage generates HOCl on the counter electrode, enhancing its biocidal activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Monzurul Islam Anoy
- The Gene and Linda Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA.
| | - Suzanne Gelston
- The Gene and Linda Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA.
| | - Abdelrhman Mohamed
- The Gene and Linda Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA.
| | - Laure Flurin
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
| | - Yash S Raval
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
| | | | - Robin Patel
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Division of Public Health, Infectious Diseases and Occupational Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
| | - Zbigniew Lewandowski
- Center for Biofilm Engineering, Montana State University-Bozeman, Bozeman, MT, USA.
| | - Haluk Beyenal
- The Gene and Linda Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA.
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Bollmann A, Sons HC, Schiefer JL, Fuchs PC, Windolf J, Suschek CV. Comparative Study of the Osteogenic Differentiation Potential of Adipose Tissue-Derived Stromal Cells and Dedifferentiated Adipose Cells of the Same Tissue Origin under Pro and Antioxidant Conditions. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10123071. [PMID: 36551827 PMCID: PMC9776284 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10123071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue-derived stromal cells (ASCs) play an important role in various therapeutic approaches to bone regeneration. However, such applications become challenging when the obtained cells show a functional disorder, e.g., an impaired osteogenic differentiation potential (ODP). In addition to ASCs, human adipose tissue is also a source for another cell type with therapeutic potential, the dedifferentiated fat cells (DFATs), which can be obtained from mature adipocytes. Here, we for the first time compared the ODPs of each donors ASC and DFAT obtained from the same adipose tissue sample as well as the role of oxidative stress or antioxidative catalase on their osteogenic outcome. Osteogenic potential of ASC and DFAT from nine human donors were compared in vitro. Flow cytometry, staining for calcium accumulation with alizarin red, alkaline phosphatase assay and Western blots were used over an osteogenic induction period of up to 14 days. H2O2 was used to induce oxidative stress and catalase was used as an antioxidative measure. We have found that ASC and DFAT cultures' ODPs are nearly identical. If ASCs from an adipose tissue sample showed good or bad ODP, so did the corresponding DFAT cultures. The inter-individual variability of the donor ODPs was immense with a maximum factor of about 20 and correlated neither with the age nor the sex of the donors of the adipose tissue. Oxidative stress in the form of exogenously added H2O2 led to a significant ODP decrease in both cell types, with this ODP decrease being significantly lower in DFAT cultures than in the corresponding ASC cultures. Regardless of the individual cell culture-specific ODP, however, exogenously applied catalase led to an approx. 2.5-fold increase in osteogenesis in the ASC and DFAT cultures. Catalase appears to be a potent pro-osteogenic factor, at least in vitro. A new finding that points to innovative strategies and therapeutic approaches in bone regeneration. Furthermore, our results show that DFATs behave similarly to ASCs of the same adipose tissue sample with respect to ODPs and could therefore be a very attractive and readily available source of multipotent stem cells in bone regenerative therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Bollmann
- Department for Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Duesseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Moorenstraße 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Hans Christian Sons
- Department for Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Duesseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Moorenstraße 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jennifer Lynn Schiefer
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Hand Surgery, Burn Center, Merheim Hospital Cologne, University of Witten/Herdecke, Ostmerheimer Straße 200, 51109 Köln, Germany
| | - Paul C. Fuchs
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Hand Surgery, Burn Center, Merheim Hospital Cologne, University of Witten/Herdecke, Ostmerheimer Straße 200, 51109 Köln, Germany
| | - Joachim Windolf
- Department for Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Duesseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Moorenstraße 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Christoph Viktor Suschek
- Department for Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Duesseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Moorenstraße 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
- Correspondence:
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45
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Hermeling JCW, Herholz M, Baumann L, Cores EC, Zečić A, Hoppe T, Riemer J, Trifunovic A. Mitochondria-originated redox signalling regulates KLF-1 to promote longevity in Caenorhabditis elegans. Redox Biol 2022; 58:102533. [PMID: 36442394 PMCID: PMC9709155 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2022.102533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Alternations of redox metabolism have been associated with the extension of lifespan in roundworm Caenorhabditis elegans, caused by moderate mitochondrial dysfunction, although the underlying signalling cascades are largely unknown. Previously, we identified transcriptional factor Krüppel-like factor-1 (KLF-1) as the main regulator of cytoprotective longevity-assurance pathways in the C. elegans long-lived mitochondrial mutants. Here, we show that KLF-1 translocation to the nucleus and the activation of the signalling cascade is dependent on the mitochondria-derived hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) produced during late developmental phases where aerobic respiration and somatic mitochondrial biogenesis peak. We further show that mitochondrial-inducible superoxide dismutase-3 (SOD-3), together with voltage-dependent anion channel-1 (VDAC-1), is required for the life-promoting H2O2 signalling that is further regulated by peroxiredoxin-3 (PRDX-3). Increased H2O2 release in the cytoplasm activates the p38 MAPK signalling cascade that induces KLF-1 translocation to the nucleus and the activation of transcription of C. elegans longevity-promoting genes, including cytoprotective cytochrome P450 oxidases. Taken together, our results underline the importance of redox-regulated signalling as the key regulator of longevity-inducing pathways in C. elegans, and position precisely timed mitochondria-derived H2O2 in the middle of it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes CW Hermeling
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Ageing-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Germany,Institute for Mitochondrial Diseases and Ageing, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, D-50931, Germany
| | - Marija Herholz
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Ageing-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Germany,Institute for Mitochondrial Diseases and Ageing, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, D-50931, Germany
| | - Linda Baumann
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Ageing-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Germany,Institute for Mitochondrial Diseases and Ageing, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, D-50931, Germany
| | - Estela Cepeda Cores
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Ageing-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Germany,Institute for Mitochondrial Diseases and Ageing, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, D-50931, Germany
| | - Aleksandra Zečić
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Ageing-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Germany,Institute for Mitochondrial Diseases and Ageing, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, D-50931, Germany
| | - Thorsten Hoppe
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Ageing-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Germany,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Cologne, D-50931, Germany,Institute for Genetics, University of Cologne, Cologne, D-50674, Germany
| | - Jan Riemer
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Ageing-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Germany,Institute for Biochemistry, University of Cologne, Cologne, D-50931, Germany
| | - Aleksandra Trifunovic
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Ageing-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Germany,Institute for Mitochondrial Diseases and Ageing, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, D-50931, Germany,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Cologne, D-50931, Germany,Corresponding author. CECAD Research CenterUniversity of Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Str. 26, Cologne, D-50931, Germany.
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46
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Shomali A, Das S, Arif N, Sarraf M, Zahra N, Yadav V, Aliniaeifard S, Chauhan DK, Hasanuzzaman M. Diverse Physiological Roles of Flavonoids in Plant Environmental Stress Responses and Tolerance. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:plants11223158. [PMID: 36432887 PMCID: PMC9699315 DOI: 10.3390/plants11223158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Flavonoids are characterized as the low molecular weight polyphenolic compounds universally distributed in planta. They are a chemically varied group of secondary metabolites with a broad range of biological activity. The increasing amount of evidence has demonstrated the various physiological functions of flavonoids in stress response. In this paper, we provide a brief introduction to flavonoids' biochemistry and biosynthesis. Then, we review the recent findings on the alternation of flavonoid content under different stress conditions to come up with an overall picture of the mechanism of involvement of flavonoids in plants' response to various abiotic stresses. The participation of flavonoids in antioxidant systems, flavonoid-mediated response to different abiotic stresses, the involvement of flavonoids in stress signaling networks, and the physiological response of plants under stress conditions are discussed in this review. Moreover, molecular and genetic approaches to tailoring flavonoid biosynthesis and regulation under abiotic stress are addressed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aida Shomali
- Photosynthesis Laboratory, Department of Horticulture, University of Tehran, Tehran 33916-53755, Iran
| | - Susmita Das
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, Kolkata 700019, India
| | - Namira Arif
- D. D. Pant Interdisciplinary Research Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj 211002, India
- Faculty of Environmental Studies, Dehli School of Journalism, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Mohammad Sarraf
- Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz 61357-43311, Iran
| | - Noreen Zahra
- Department of Botany, Government College for Women University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Vaishali Yadav
- Department of Botany, Multanimal Modi College Modinagar, Ghaziabad 201204, India
| | - Sasan Aliniaeifard
- Photosynthesis Laboratory, Department of Horticulture, University of Tehran, Tehran 33916-53755, Iran
| | - Devendra Kumar Chauhan
- D. D. Pant Interdisciplinary Research Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj 211002, India
| | - Mirza Hasanuzzaman
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
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47
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Urao N, Liu J, Takahashi K, Ganesh G. Hematopoietic Stem Cells in Wound Healing Response. Adv Wound Care (New Rochelle) 2022; 11:598-621. [PMID: 34353116 PMCID: PMC9419985 DOI: 10.1089/wound.2021.0065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Significance: Emerging evidence has shown a link between the status of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and wound healing responses. Thus, better understanding HSCs will contribute to further advances in wound healing research. Recent Advances: Myeloid cells such as neutrophils and monocyte-derived macrophages are critical players in the process of wound healing. HSCs actively respond to wound injury and other tissue insults, including infection and produce the effector myeloid cells, and a failing of the HSC response can result in impaired wound healing. Technological advances such as transcriptome at single-cell resolution, epigenetics, three-dimensional imaging, transgenic animals, and animal models, have provided novel concepts of myeloid generation (myelopoiesis) from HSCs, and have revealed cell-intrinsic and -extrinsic mechanisms that can impact HSC functions in the context of health conditions. Critical Issues: The newer concepts include-the programmed cellular fate at a differentiation stage that is used to be considered as the multilineage, the signaling pathways that can activate HSCs directly and indirectly, the mechanisms that can deteriorate HSCs, the roles and remodeling of the surrounding environment for HSCs and their progenitors (the niche). Future Directions: The researches on HSCs, which produce blood cells, should contribute to the development of blood biomarkers predicting a risk of chronic wounds, which may transform clinical practice of wound care with precision medicine for patients at high risk of poor healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norifumi Urao
- Department of Pharmacology, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA.,Correspondence: Department of Pharmacology, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, 766 Irving Avenue, Weiskotten Hall Room 5322, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA.
| | - Jinghua Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - Kentaro Takahashi
- Department of Pharmacology, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - Gayathri Ganesh
- Department of Pharmacology, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA
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48
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Hydrogen Peroxide Promotes the Production of Radiation-Derived EVs Containing Mitochondrial Proteins. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11112119. [PMID: 36358489 PMCID: PMC9686922 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11112119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
In spite of extensive successes, cancer recurrence after radiation treatment (RT) remains one of the significant challenges in the cure of localized prostate cancer (PCa). This study focuses on elucidating a novel adaptive response to RT that could contribute to cancer recurrence. Here, we used PC3 cell line, an adenocarcinoma from a bone metastasis and radio-resistant clone 695 cell line, which survived after total radiation dose of 66 Gy (2 Gy × 33) and subsequently regrew in nude mice after exposure to fractionated radiation at 10 Gy (2 Gy × 5). Clone 695 cells not only showed an increase in surviving fraction post-radiation but also an increase in hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) production when compared to PC3 cells. At the single cell level, confocal microscope images coupled with IMARIS rendering software demonstrate an increase in mitochondrial mass and membrane potential in clone 695 cells. Utilizing the Seahorse XF96 instrument to investigate mitochondrial respiration, clone 695 cells demonstrated a higher basal Oxygen Consumption Rate (OCR), ATP-linked OCR, and proton leak compared to PC3 cells. The elevation of mitochondrial function in clone 695 cells is accompanied by an increase in mitochondrial H2O2 production. These data suggest that H2O2 could reprogram PCa’s mitochondrial homeostasis, which allows the cancer to survive and regrow after RT. Upon exposure to RT, in addition to ROS production, we found that RT induces the release of extracellular vesicles (EVs) from PC3 cells (p < 0.05). Importantly, adding H2O2 to PC3 cells promotes EVs production in a dose-dependent manner and pre-treatment with polyethylene glycol-Catalase mitigates H2O2-mediated EV production. Both RT-derived EVs and H2O2-derived EVs carried higher levels of mitochondrial antioxidant proteins including, Peroxiredoxin 3, Glutathione Peroxidase 4 as well as mitochondrial-associated oxidative phosphorylation proteins. Significantly, adding isolated functional mitochondria 24 h prior to RT shows a significant increase in surviving fractions of PC3 cells (p < 0.05). Together, our findings reveal that H2O2 promotes the production of EVs carrying mitochondrial proteins and that functional mitochondria enhance cancer survival after RT.
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49
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Patella B, Vincenzo SD, Zanca C, Bollaci L, Ferraro M, Giuffrè MR, Cipollina C, Bruno MG, Aiello G, Russo M, Inguanta R, Pace E. Electrochemical Quantification of H 2O 2 Released by Airway Cells Growing in Different Culture Media. MICROMACHINES 2022; 13:1762. [PMID: 36296115 PMCID: PMC9611932 DOI: 10.3390/mi13101762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Quantification of oxidative stress is a challenging task that can help in monitoring chronic inflammatory respiratory airway diseases. Different studies can be found in the literature regarding the development of electrochemical sensors for H2O2 in cell culture medium to quantify oxidative stress. However, there are very limited data regarding the impact of the cell culture medium on the electrochemical quantification of H2O2. In this work, we studied the effect of different media (RPMI, MEM, DMEM, Ham's F12 and BEGM/DMEM) on the electrochemical quantification of H2O2. The used electrode is based on reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and was obtained by co-electrodeposition. To reduce the electrode fouling by the medium, the effect of dilution was investigated using diluted (50% v/v in PBS) and undiluted media. With the same aim, two electrochemical techniques were employed, chronoamperometry (CH) and linear scan voltammetry (LSV). The influence of different interfering species and the effect of the operating temperature of 37 °C were also studied in order to simulate the operation of the sensor in the culture plate. The LSV technique made the sensor adaptable to undiluted media because the test time is short, compared with the CH technique, reducing the electrode fouling. The long-term stability of the sensors was also evaluated by testing different storage conditions. By storing the electrode at 4 °C, the sensor performance was not reduced for up to 21 days. The sensors were validated measuring H2O2 released by two different human bronchial epithelial cell lines (A549, 16HBE) and human primary bronchial epithelial cells (PBEC) grown in RPMI, MEM and BEGM/DMEM media. To confirm the results obtained with the sensor, the release of reactive oxygen species was also evaluated with a standard flow cytometry technique. The results obtained with the two techniques were very similar. Thus, the LSV technique permits using the proposed sensor for an effective oxidative stress quantification in different culture media and without dilution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernardo Patella
- Department of Engineering, University of Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Serena Di Vincenzo
- Institute of Traslational Pharmacology (IFT), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), 90146 Palermo, Italy
| | - Claudio Zanca
- Department of Engineering, University of Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Luciano Bollaci
- Department of Engineering, University of Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Maria Ferraro
- Institute of Traslational Pharmacology (IFT), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), 90146 Palermo, Italy
| | | | - Chiara Cipollina
- Institute of Traslational Pharmacology (IFT), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), 90146 Palermo, Italy
- Ri.MED Foundation, 90146 Palermo, Italy
| | | | - Giuseppe Aiello
- Department of Engineering, University of Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | | | | | - Elisabetta Pace
- Institute of Traslational Pharmacology (IFT), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), 90146 Palermo, Italy
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50
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Ishii T, Warabi E, Mann GE. Mechanisms underlying Nrf2 nuclear translocation by non-lethal levels of hydrogen peroxide: p38 MAPK-dependent neutral sphingomyelinase2 membrane trafficking and ceramide/PKCζ/CK2 signaling. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 191:191-202. [PMID: 36064071 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.08.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogen peroxide is an aerobic metabolite playing a central role in redox signaling and oxidative stress. H2O2 could activate redox sensitive transcription factors, such as Nrf2, AP-1 and NF-κB by different manners. In some cells, treatment with non-lethal levels of H2O2 induces rapid activation of Nrf2, which upregulates expression of a set of genes involved in glutathione (GSH) synthesis and defenses against oxidative damage. It depends on two steps, the rapid translational activation of Nrf2 and facilitation of Nrf2 nuclear translocation. We review the molecular mechanisms by which H2O2 induces nuclear translocation of Nrf2 in cultured cells by highlighting the role of neutral sphingomyelinase 2 (nSMase2), a GSH sensor. H2O2 enters cells through aquaporin channels in the plasma membrane and is rapidly reduced to H2O by GSH peroxidases to consume cellular GSH, resulting in nSMase2 activation to generate ceramide. H2O2 also activates p38 MAP kinase, which enhances transfer of nSMase2 from perinuclear regions to plasma membrane lipid rafts to accelerate ceramide generation. Low levels of ceramide activate PKCζ, which then activates casein kinase 2 (CK2). These protein kinases are able to phosphorylate Nrf2 to stabilize and activate it. Notably, Nrf2 also binds to caveolin-1 (Cav1), which protects Nrf2 from Keap1-mediated degradation and limits Nrf2 nuclear translocation. We propose that Cav1serves as a signaling hub for the control of H2O2-mediated phosphorylation of Nrf2 by kinases, which results in release of Nrf2 from Cav1 to facilitate nuclear translocation. In summary, H2O2 induces GSH depletion which is recovered by Nrf2 activation dependent on p38/nSMase2/ceramide signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuro Ishii
- School of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8577, Japan.
| | - Eiji Warabi
- School of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8577, Japan.
| | - Giovanni E Mann
- King's British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine & Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, 150 Stamford Street, London, SE1 9NH, UK.
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