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Pennington LD, Hesse MJ, Koester DC, McAtee RC, Qunies AM, Hu DX. Property-Based Drug Design Merits a Nobel Prize. J Med Chem 2024; 67:11452-11458. [PMID: 38940466 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.4c01345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Rory C McAtee
- Drug Hunter, Happy Valley, Oregon 97086, United States
| | | | - Dennis X Hu
- Drug Hunter, Happy Valley, Oregon 97086, United States
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Rollison HE, Mitra P, Chanteux H, Fang Z, Liang X, Park SH, Costales C, Hanna I, Thakkar N, Vergis JM, Bow DAJ, Hillgren KM, Brumm J, Chu X, Hop CECA, Lai Y, Li CY, Mahar KM, Salphati L, Sane R, Shen H, Taskar K, Taub M, Tohyama K, Xu C, Fenner KS. Survey of Pharmaceutical Industry's Best Practices around In Vitro Transporter Assessment and Implications for Drug Development: Considerations from the International Consortium for Innovation and Quality for Pharmaceutical Development Transporter Working Group. Drug Metab Dispos 2024; 52:582-596. [PMID: 38697852 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.123.001587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The International Consortium for Innovation and Quality in Pharmaceutical Development Transporter Working Group had a rare opportunity to analyze a crosspharma collation of in vitro data and assay methods for the evaluation of drug transporter substrate and inhibitor potential. Experiments were generally performed in accordance with regulatory guidelines. Discrepancies, such as not considering the impact of preincubation for inhibition and free or measured in vitro drug concentrations, may be due to the retrospective nature of the dataset and analysis. Lipophilicity was a frequent indicator of crosstransport inhibition (P-gp, BCRP, OATP1B, and OCT1), with high molecular weight (MW ≥500 Da) also common for OATP1B and BCRP inhibitors. A high level of overlap in in vitro inhibition across transporters was identified for BCRP, OATP1B1, and MATE1, suggesting that prediction of DDIs for these transporters will be common. In contrast, inhibition of OAT1 did not coincide with inhibition of any other transporter. Neutrals, bases, and compounds with intermediate-high lipophilicity tended to be P-gp and/or BCRP substrates, whereas compounds with MW <500 Da tended to be OAT3 substrates. Interestingly, the majority of in vitro inhibitors were not reported to be followed up with a clinical study by the submitting company, whereas those compounds identified as substrates generally were. Approaches to metabolite testing were generally found to be similar to parent testing, with metabolites generally being equally or less potent than parent compounds. However, examples where metabolites inhibited transporters in vitro were identified, supporting the regulatory requirement for in vitro testing of metabolites to enable integrated clinical DDI risk assessment. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: A diverse dataset showed that transporter inhibition often correlated with lipophilicity and molecular weight (>500 Da). Overlapping transporter inhibition was identified, particularly that inhibition of BCRP, OATP1B1, and MATE1 was frequent if the compound inhibited other transporters. In contrast, inhibition of OAT1 did not correlate with the other drug transporters tested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen E Rollison
- Clinical Pharmacology and Safety Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom (H.E.R., K.S.F.); Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc., Ridgefield, Connecticut (P.M., M.T.); Quantitative Clinical Pharmacology, Development Sciences, UCB Biopharma SRL, Braine-L'Alleud, Belgium (H.C.); NCE Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, the healthcare business of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany (Z.F.); Drug Metabolism, Gilead Sciences, Inc. Foster City, California (X.L., Y.L.); Preclinical Sciences and Translational Safety, Janssen R&D LLC, Spring House, Pennsylvania (S.H.P.); Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics and Metabolism, Medicine Design, Worldwide R&D, Pfizer Inc, Groton, Connecticut (C.C.); Pharmacokinetic Sciences, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, East Hanover, New Jersey (I.H.); Clinical Pharmacology Modelling and Simulations, GlaxoSmithKline Research and Development, Collegeville, Pennsylvania (N.T., K.M.M.); IQ Secretariat, Faegre Drinker Biddle & Reath, LLP., Washington DC (J.M.V.); Quantitative, Translational and ADME Sciences, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois (D.A.J.B.); Investigative Drug Disposition, Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly Inc, Indianapolis, Indiana (K.M.H.); Nonclinical Biostatistics, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California (J.B.); ADME and Discovery Toxicity, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey (X.C.); Departments of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics (C.E.C.A.H., L.S.) and Clinical Pharmacology (R.S.), Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California; Department of Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, Amgen Inc. South San Francisco, California (C.Y.L.); Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Bristol Myers Squibb Research and Development, Princeton, New Jersey (H.S.); DMPK Modeling, IVIVT, Research, GSK, Stevenage, United Kingdom (Ku.T.); Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa, Japan (Ki.T.); and Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics, and Metabolism, Translational Medicine and Early Development, Sanofi US, Bridgewater, NJ (C.X.)
| | - Pallabi Mitra
- Clinical Pharmacology and Safety Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom (H.E.R., K.S.F.); Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc., Ridgefield, Connecticut (P.M., M.T.); Quantitative Clinical Pharmacology, Development Sciences, UCB Biopharma SRL, Braine-L'Alleud, Belgium (H.C.); NCE Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, the healthcare business of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany (Z.F.); Drug Metabolism, Gilead Sciences, Inc. Foster City, California (X.L., Y.L.); Preclinical Sciences and Translational Safety, Janssen R&D LLC, Spring House, Pennsylvania (S.H.P.); Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics and Metabolism, Medicine Design, Worldwide R&D, Pfizer Inc, Groton, Connecticut (C.C.); Pharmacokinetic Sciences, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, East Hanover, New Jersey (I.H.); Clinical Pharmacology Modelling and Simulations, GlaxoSmithKline Research and Development, Collegeville, Pennsylvania (N.T., K.M.M.); IQ Secretariat, Faegre Drinker Biddle & Reath, LLP., Washington DC (J.M.V.); Quantitative, Translational and ADME Sciences, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois (D.A.J.B.); Investigative Drug Disposition, Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly Inc, Indianapolis, Indiana (K.M.H.); Nonclinical Biostatistics, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California (J.B.); ADME and Discovery Toxicity, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey (X.C.); Departments of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics (C.E.C.A.H., L.S.) and Clinical Pharmacology (R.S.), Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California; Department of Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, Amgen Inc. South San Francisco, California (C.Y.L.); Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Bristol Myers Squibb Research and Development, Princeton, New Jersey (H.S.); DMPK Modeling, IVIVT, Research, GSK, Stevenage, United Kingdom (Ku.T.); Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa, Japan (Ki.T.); and Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics, and Metabolism, Translational Medicine and Early Development, Sanofi US, Bridgewater, NJ (C.X.)
| | - Hugues Chanteux
- Clinical Pharmacology and Safety Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom (H.E.R., K.S.F.); Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc., Ridgefield, Connecticut (P.M., M.T.); Quantitative Clinical Pharmacology, Development Sciences, UCB Biopharma SRL, Braine-L'Alleud, Belgium (H.C.); NCE Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, the healthcare business of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany (Z.F.); Drug Metabolism, Gilead Sciences, Inc. Foster City, California (X.L., Y.L.); Preclinical Sciences and Translational Safety, Janssen R&D LLC, Spring House, Pennsylvania (S.H.P.); Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics and Metabolism, Medicine Design, Worldwide R&D, Pfizer Inc, Groton, Connecticut (C.C.); Pharmacokinetic Sciences, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, East Hanover, New Jersey (I.H.); Clinical Pharmacology Modelling and Simulations, GlaxoSmithKline Research and Development, Collegeville, Pennsylvania (N.T., K.M.M.); IQ Secretariat, Faegre Drinker Biddle & Reath, LLP., Washington DC (J.M.V.); Quantitative, Translational and ADME Sciences, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois (D.A.J.B.); Investigative Drug Disposition, Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly Inc, Indianapolis, Indiana (K.M.H.); Nonclinical Biostatistics, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California (J.B.); ADME and Discovery Toxicity, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey (X.C.); Departments of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics (C.E.C.A.H., L.S.) and Clinical Pharmacology (R.S.), Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California; Department of Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, Amgen Inc. South San Francisco, California (C.Y.L.); Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Bristol Myers Squibb Research and Development, Princeton, New Jersey (H.S.); DMPK Modeling, IVIVT, Research, GSK, Stevenage, United Kingdom (Ku.T.); Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa, Japan (Ki.T.); and Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics, and Metabolism, Translational Medicine and Early Development, Sanofi US, Bridgewater, NJ (C.X.)
| | - Zhizhou Fang
- Clinical Pharmacology and Safety Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom (H.E.R., K.S.F.); Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc., Ridgefield, Connecticut (P.M., M.T.); Quantitative Clinical Pharmacology, Development Sciences, UCB Biopharma SRL, Braine-L'Alleud, Belgium (H.C.); NCE Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, the healthcare business of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany (Z.F.); Drug Metabolism, Gilead Sciences, Inc. Foster City, California (X.L., Y.L.); Preclinical Sciences and Translational Safety, Janssen R&D LLC, Spring House, Pennsylvania (S.H.P.); Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics and Metabolism, Medicine Design, Worldwide R&D, Pfizer Inc, Groton, Connecticut (C.C.); Pharmacokinetic Sciences, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, East Hanover, New Jersey (I.H.); Clinical Pharmacology Modelling and Simulations, GlaxoSmithKline Research and Development, Collegeville, Pennsylvania (N.T., K.M.M.); IQ Secretariat, Faegre Drinker Biddle & Reath, LLP., Washington DC (J.M.V.); Quantitative, Translational and ADME Sciences, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois (D.A.J.B.); Investigative Drug Disposition, Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly Inc, Indianapolis, Indiana (K.M.H.); Nonclinical Biostatistics, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California (J.B.); ADME and Discovery Toxicity, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey (X.C.); Departments of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics (C.E.C.A.H., L.S.) and Clinical Pharmacology (R.S.), Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California; Department of Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, Amgen Inc. South San Francisco, California (C.Y.L.); Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Bristol Myers Squibb Research and Development, Princeton, New Jersey (H.S.); DMPK Modeling, IVIVT, Research, GSK, Stevenage, United Kingdom (Ku.T.); Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa, Japan (Ki.T.); and Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics, and Metabolism, Translational Medicine and Early Development, Sanofi US, Bridgewater, NJ (C.X.)
| | - Xiaomin Liang
- Clinical Pharmacology and Safety Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom (H.E.R., K.S.F.); Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc., Ridgefield, Connecticut (P.M., M.T.); Quantitative Clinical Pharmacology, Development Sciences, UCB Biopharma SRL, Braine-L'Alleud, Belgium (H.C.); NCE Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, the healthcare business of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany (Z.F.); Drug Metabolism, Gilead Sciences, Inc. Foster City, California (X.L., Y.L.); Preclinical Sciences and Translational Safety, Janssen R&D LLC, Spring House, Pennsylvania (S.H.P.); Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics and Metabolism, Medicine Design, Worldwide R&D, Pfizer Inc, Groton, Connecticut (C.C.); Pharmacokinetic Sciences, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, East Hanover, New Jersey (I.H.); Clinical Pharmacology Modelling and Simulations, GlaxoSmithKline Research and Development, Collegeville, Pennsylvania (N.T., K.M.M.); IQ Secretariat, Faegre Drinker Biddle & Reath, LLP., Washington DC (J.M.V.); Quantitative, Translational and ADME Sciences, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois (D.A.J.B.); Investigative Drug Disposition, Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly Inc, Indianapolis, Indiana (K.M.H.); Nonclinical Biostatistics, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California (J.B.); ADME and Discovery Toxicity, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey (X.C.); Departments of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics (C.E.C.A.H., L.S.) and Clinical Pharmacology (R.S.), Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California; Department of Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, Amgen Inc. South San Francisco, California (C.Y.L.); Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Bristol Myers Squibb Research and Development, Princeton, New Jersey (H.S.); DMPK Modeling, IVIVT, Research, GSK, Stevenage, United Kingdom (Ku.T.); Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa, Japan (Ki.T.); and Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics, and Metabolism, Translational Medicine and Early Development, Sanofi US, Bridgewater, NJ (C.X.)
| | - Seong Hee Park
- Clinical Pharmacology and Safety Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom (H.E.R., K.S.F.); Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc., Ridgefield, Connecticut (P.M., M.T.); Quantitative Clinical Pharmacology, Development Sciences, UCB Biopharma SRL, Braine-L'Alleud, Belgium (H.C.); NCE Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, the healthcare business of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany (Z.F.); Drug Metabolism, Gilead Sciences, Inc. Foster City, California (X.L., Y.L.); Preclinical Sciences and Translational Safety, Janssen R&D LLC, Spring House, Pennsylvania (S.H.P.); Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics and Metabolism, Medicine Design, Worldwide R&D, Pfizer Inc, Groton, Connecticut (C.C.); Pharmacokinetic Sciences, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, East Hanover, New Jersey (I.H.); Clinical Pharmacology Modelling and Simulations, GlaxoSmithKline Research and Development, Collegeville, Pennsylvania (N.T., K.M.M.); IQ Secretariat, Faegre Drinker Biddle & Reath, LLP., Washington DC (J.M.V.); Quantitative, Translational and ADME Sciences, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois (D.A.J.B.); Investigative Drug Disposition, Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly Inc, Indianapolis, Indiana (K.M.H.); Nonclinical Biostatistics, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California (J.B.); ADME and Discovery Toxicity, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey (X.C.); Departments of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics (C.E.C.A.H., L.S.) and Clinical Pharmacology (R.S.), Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California; Department of Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, Amgen Inc. South San Francisco, California (C.Y.L.); Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Bristol Myers Squibb Research and Development, Princeton, New Jersey (H.S.); DMPK Modeling, IVIVT, Research, GSK, Stevenage, United Kingdom (Ku.T.); Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa, Japan (Ki.T.); and Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics, and Metabolism, Translational Medicine and Early Development, Sanofi US, Bridgewater, NJ (C.X.)
| | - Chester Costales
- Clinical Pharmacology and Safety Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom (H.E.R., K.S.F.); Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc., Ridgefield, Connecticut (P.M., M.T.); Quantitative Clinical Pharmacology, Development Sciences, UCB Biopharma SRL, Braine-L'Alleud, Belgium (H.C.); NCE Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, the healthcare business of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany (Z.F.); Drug Metabolism, Gilead Sciences, Inc. Foster City, California (X.L., Y.L.); Preclinical Sciences and Translational Safety, Janssen R&D LLC, Spring House, Pennsylvania (S.H.P.); Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics and Metabolism, Medicine Design, Worldwide R&D, Pfizer Inc, Groton, Connecticut (C.C.); Pharmacokinetic Sciences, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, East Hanover, New Jersey (I.H.); Clinical Pharmacology Modelling and Simulations, GlaxoSmithKline Research and Development, Collegeville, Pennsylvania (N.T., K.M.M.); IQ Secretariat, Faegre Drinker Biddle & Reath, LLP., Washington DC (J.M.V.); Quantitative, Translational and ADME Sciences, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois (D.A.J.B.); Investigative Drug Disposition, Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly Inc, Indianapolis, Indiana (K.M.H.); Nonclinical Biostatistics, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California (J.B.); ADME and Discovery Toxicity, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey (X.C.); Departments of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics (C.E.C.A.H., L.S.) and Clinical Pharmacology (R.S.), Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California; Department of Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, Amgen Inc. South San Francisco, California (C.Y.L.); Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Bristol Myers Squibb Research and Development, Princeton, New Jersey (H.S.); DMPK Modeling, IVIVT, Research, GSK, Stevenage, United Kingdom (Ku.T.); Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa, Japan (Ki.T.); and Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics, and Metabolism, Translational Medicine and Early Development, Sanofi US, Bridgewater, NJ (C.X.)
| | - Imad Hanna
- Clinical Pharmacology and Safety Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom (H.E.R., K.S.F.); Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc., Ridgefield, Connecticut (P.M., M.T.); Quantitative Clinical Pharmacology, Development Sciences, UCB Biopharma SRL, Braine-L'Alleud, Belgium (H.C.); NCE Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, the healthcare business of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany (Z.F.); Drug Metabolism, Gilead Sciences, Inc. Foster City, California (X.L., Y.L.); Preclinical Sciences and Translational Safety, Janssen R&D LLC, Spring House, Pennsylvania (S.H.P.); Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics and Metabolism, Medicine Design, Worldwide R&D, Pfizer Inc, Groton, Connecticut (C.C.); Pharmacokinetic Sciences, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, East Hanover, New Jersey (I.H.); Clinical Pharmacology Modelling and Simulations, GlaxoSmithKline Research and Development, Collegeville, Pennsylvania (N.T., K.M.M.); IQ Secretariat, Faegre Drinker Biddle & Reath, LLP., Washington DC (J.M.V.); Quantitative, Translational and ADME Sciences, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois (D.A.J.B.); Investigative Drug Disposition, Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly Inc, Indianapolis, Indiana (K.M.H.); Nonclinical Biostatistics, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California (J.B.); ADME and Discovery Toxicity, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey (X.C.); Departments of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics (C.E.C.A.H., L.S.) and Clinical Pharmacology (R.S.), Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California; Department of Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, Amgen Inc. South San Francisco, California (C.Y.L.); Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Bristol Myers Squibb Research and Development, Princeton, New Jersey (H.S.); DMPK Modeling, IVIVT, Research, GSK, Stevenage, United Kingdom (Ku.T.); Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa, Japan (Ki.T.); and Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics, and Metabolism, Translational Medicine and Early Development, Sanofi US, Bridgewater, NJ (C.X.)
| | - Nilay Thakkar
- Clinical Pharmacology and Safety Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom (H.E.R., K.S.F.); Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc., Ridgefield, Connecticut (P.M., M.T.); Quantitative Clinical Pharmacology, Development Sciences, UCB Biopharma SRL, Braine-L'Alleud, Belgium (H.C.); NCE Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, the healthcare business of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany (Z.F.); Drug Metabolism, Gilead Sciences, Inc. Foster City, California (X.L., Y.L.); Preclinical Sciences and Translational Safety, Janssen R&D LLC, Spring House, Pennsylvania (S.H.P.); Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics and Metabolism, Medicine Design, Worldwide R&D, Pfizer Inc, Groton, Connecticut (C.C.); Pharmacokinetic Sciences, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, East Hanover, New Jersey (I.H.); Clinical Pharmacology Modelling and Simulations, GlaxoSmithKline Research and Development, Collegeville, Pennsylvania (N.T., K.M.M.); IQ Secretariat, Faegre Drinker Biddle & Reath, LLP., Washington DC (J.M.V.); Quantitative, Translational and ADME Sciences, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois (D.A.J.B.); Investigative Drug Disposition, Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly Inc, Indianapolis, Indiana (K.M.H.); Nonclinical Biostatistics, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California (J.B.); ADME and Discovery Toxicity, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey (X.C.); Departments of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics (C.E.C.A.H., L.S.) and Clinical Pharmacology (R.S.), Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California; Department of Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, Amgen Inc. South San Francisco, California (C.Y.L.); Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Bristol Myers Squibb Research and Development, Princeton, New Jersey (H.S.); DMPK Modeling, IVIVT, Research, GSK, Stevenage, United Kingdom (Ku.T.); Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa, Japan (Ki.T.); and Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics, and Metabolism, Translational Medicine and Early Development, Sanofi US, Bridgewater, NJ (C.X.)
| | - James M Vergis
- Clinical Pharmacology and Safety Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom (H.E.R., K.S.F.); Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc., Ridgefield, Connecticut (P.M., M.T.); Quantitative Clinical Pharmacology, Development Sciences, UCB Biopharma SRL, Braine-L'Alleud, Belgium (H.C.); NCE Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, the healthcare business of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany (Z.F.); Drug Metabolism, Gilead Sciences, Inc. Foster City, California (X.L., Y.L.); Preclinical Sciences and Translational Safety, Janssen R&D LLC, Spring House, Pennsylvania (S.H.P.); Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics and Metabolism, Medicine Design, Worldwide R&D, Pfizer Inc, Groton, Connecticut (C.C.); Pharmacokinetic Sciences, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, East Hanover, New Jersey (I.H.); Clinical Pharmacology Modelling and Simulations, GlaxoSmithKline Research and Development, Collegeville, Pennsylvania (N.T., K.M.M.); IQ Secretariat, Faegre Drinker Biddle & Reath, LLP., Washington DC (J.M.V.); Quantitative, Translational and ADME Sciences, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois (D.A.J.B.); Investigative Drug Disposition, Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly Inc, Indianapolis, Indiana (K.M.H.); Nonclinical Biostatistics, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California (J.B.); ADME and Discovery Toxicity, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey (X.C.); Departments of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics (C.E.C.A.H., L.S.) and Clinical Pharmacology (R.S.), Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California; Department of Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, Amgen Inc. South San Francisco, California (C.Y.L.); Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Bristol Myers Squibb Research and Development, Princeton, New Jersey (H.S.); DMPK Modeling, IVIVT, Research, GSK, Stevenage, United Kingdom (Ku.T.); Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa, Japan (Ki.T.); and Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics, and Metabolism, Translational Medicine and Early Development, Sanofi US, Bridgewater, NJ (C.X.)
| | - Daniel A J Bow
- Clinical Pharmacology and Safety Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom (H.E.R., K.S.F.); Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc., Ridgefield, Connecticut (P.M., M.T.); Quantitative Clinical Pharmacology, Development Sciences, UCB Biopharma SRL, Braine-L'Alleud, Belgium (H.C.); NCE Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, the healthcare business of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany (Z.F.); Drug Metabolism, Gilead Sciences, Inc. Foster City, California (X.L., Y.L.); Preclinical Sciences and Translational Safety, Janssen R&D LLC, Spring House, Pennsylvania (S.H.P.); Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics and Metabolism, Medicine Design, Worldwide R&D, Pfizer Inc, Groton, Connecticut (C.C.); Pharmacokinetic Sciences, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, East Hanover, New Jersey (I.H.); Clinical Pharmacology Modelling and Simulations, GlaxoSmithKline Research and Development, Collegeville, Pennsylvania (N.T., K.M.M.); IQ Secretariat, Faegre Drinker Biddle & Reath, LLP., Washington DC (J.M.V.); Quantitative, Translational and ADME Sciences, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois (D.A.J.B.); Investigative Drug Disposition, Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly Inc, Indianapolis, Indiana (K.M.H.); Nonclinical Biostatistics, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California (J.B.); ADME and Discovery Toxicity, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey (X.C.); Departments of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics (C.E.C.A.H., L.S.) and Clinical Pharmacology (R.S.), Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California; Department of Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, Amgen Inc. South San Francisco, California (C.Y.L.); Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Bristol Myers Squibb Research and Development, Princeton, New Jersey (H.S.); DMPK Modeling, IVIVT, Research, GSK, Stevenage, United Kingdom (Ku.T.); Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa, Japan (Ki.T.); and Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics, and Metabolism, Translational Medicine and Early Development, Sanofi US, Bridgewater, NJ (C.X.)
| | - Kathleen M Hillgren
- Clinical Pharmacology and Safety Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom (H.E.R., K.S.F.); Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc., Ridgefield, Connecticut (P.M., M.T.); Quantitative Clinical Pharmacology, Development Sciences, UCB Biopharma SRL, Braine-L'Alleud, Belgium (H.C.); NCE Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, the healthcare business of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany (Z.F.); Drug Metabolism, Gilead Sciences, Inc. Foster City, California (X.L., Y.L.); Preclinical Sciences and Translational Safety, Janssen R&D LLC, Spring House, Pennsylvania (S.H.P.); Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics and Metabolism, Medicine Design, Worldwide R&D, Pfizer Inc, Groton, Connecticut (C.C.); Pharmacokinetic Sciences, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, East Hanover, New Jersey (I.H.); Clinical Pharmacology Modelling and Simulations, GlaxoSmithKline Research and Development, Collegeville, Pennsylvania (N.T., K.M.M.); IQ Secretariat, Faegre Drinker Biddle & Reath, LLP., Washington DC (J.M.V.); Quantitative, Translational and ADME Sciences, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois (D.A.J.B.); Investigative Drug Disposition, Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly Inc, Indianapolis, Indiana (K.M.H.); Nonclinical Biostatistics, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California (J.B.); ADME and Discovery Toxicity, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey (X.C.); Departments of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics (C.E.C.A.H., L.S.) and Clinical Pharmacology (R.S.), Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California; Department of Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, Amgen Inc. South San Francisco, California (C.Y.L.); Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Bristol Myers Squibb Research and Development, Princeton, New Jersey (H.S.); DMPK Modeling, IVIVT, Research, GSK, Stevenage, United Kingdom (Ku.T.); Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa, Japan (Ki.T.); and Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics, and Metabolism, Translational Medicine and Early Development, Sanofi US, Bridgewater, NJ (C.X.)
| | - Jochen Brumm
- Clinical Pharmacology and Safety Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom (H.E.R., K.S.F.); Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc., Ridgefield, Connecticut (P.M., M.T.); Quantitative Clinical Pharmacology, Development Sciences, UCB Biopharma SRL, Braine-L'Alleud, Belgium (H.C.); NCE Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, the healthcare business of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany (Z.F.); Drug Metabolism, Gilead Sciences, Inc. Foster City, California (X.L., Y.L.); Preclinical Sciences and Translational Safety, Janssen R&D LLC, Spring House, Pennsylvania (S.H.P.); Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics and Metabolism, Medicine Design, Worldwide R&D, Pfizer Inc, Groton, Connecticut (C.C.); Pharmacokinetic Sciences, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, East Hanover, New Jersey (I.H.); Clinical Pharmacology Modelling and Simulations, GlaxoSmithKline Research and Development, Collegeville, Pennsylvania (N.T., K.M.M.); IQ Secretariat, Faegre Drinker Biddle & Reath, LLP., Washington DC (J.M.V.); Quantitative, Translational and ADME Sciences, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois (D.A.J.B.); Investigative Drug Disposition, Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly Inc, Indianapolis, Indiana (K.M.H.); Nonclinical Biostatistics, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California (J.B.); ADME and Discovery Toxicity, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey (X.C.); Departments of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics (C.E.C.A.H., L.S.) and Clinical Pharmacology (R.S.), Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California; Department of Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, Amgen Inc. South San Francisco, California (C.Y.L.); Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Bristol Myers Squibb Research and Development, Princeton, New Jersey (H.S.); DMPK Modeling, IVIVT, Research, GSK, Stevenage, United Kingdom (Ku.T.); Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa, Japan (Ki.T.); and Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics, and Metabolism, Translational Medicine and Early Development, Sanofi US, Bridgewater, NJ (C.X.)
| | - Xiaoyan Chu
- Clinical Pharmacology and Safety Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom (H.E.R., K.S.F.); Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc., Ridgefield, Connecticut (P.M., M.T.); Quantitative Clinical Pharmacology, Development Sciences, UCB Biopharma SRL, Braine-L'Alleud, Belgium (H.C.); NCE Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, the healthcare business of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany (Z.F.); Drug Metabolism, Gilead Sciences, Inc. Foster City, California (X.L., Y.L.); Preclinical Sciences and Translational Safety, Janssen R&D LLC, Spring House, Pennsylvania (S.H.P.); Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics and Metabolism, Medicine Design, Worldwide R&D, Pfizer Inc, Groton, Connecticut (C.C.); Pharmacokinetic Sciences, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, East Hanover, New Jersey (I.H.); Clinical Pharmacology Modelling and Simulations, GlaxoSmithKline Research and Development, Collegeville, Pennsylvania (N.T., K.M.M.); IQ Secretariat, Faegre Drinker Biddle & Reath, LLP., Washington DC (J.M.V.); Quantitative, Translational and ADME Sciences, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois (D.A.J.B.); Investigative Drug Disposition, Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly Inc, Indianapolis, Indiana (K.M.H.); Nonclinical Biostatistics, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California (J.B.); ADME and Discovery Toxicity, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey (X.C.); Departments of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics (C.E.C.A.H., L.S.) and Clinical Pharmacology (R.S.), Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California; Department of Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, Amgen Inc. South San Francisco, California (C.Y.L.); Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Bristol Myers Squibb Research and Development, Princeton, New Jersey (H.S.); DMPK Modeling, IVIVT, Research, GSK, Stevenage, United Kingdom (Ku.T.); Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa, Japan (Ki.T.); and Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics, and Metabolism, Translational Medicine and Early Development, Sanofi US, Bridgewater, NJ (C.X.)
| | - Cornelis E C A Hop
- Clinical Pharmacology and Safety Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom (H.E.R., K.S.F.); Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc., Ridgefield, Connecticut (P.M., M.T.); Quantitative Clinical Pharmacology, Development Sciences, UCB Biopharma SRL, Braine-L'Alleud, Belgium (H.C.); NCE Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, the healthcare business of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany (Z.F.); Drug Metabolism, Gilead Sciences, Inc. Foster City, California (X.L., Y.L.); Preclinical Sciences and Translational Safety, Janssen R&D LLC, Spring House, Pennsylvania (S.H.P.); Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics and Metabolism, Medicine Design, Worldwide R&D, Pfizer Inc, Groton, Connecticut (C.C.); Pharmacokinetic Sciences, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, East Hanover, New Jersey (I.H.); Clinical Pharmacology Modelling and Simulations, GlaxoSmithKline Research and Development, Collegeville, Pennsylvania (N.T., K.M.M.); IQ Secretariat, Faegre Drinker Biddle & Reath, LLP., Washington DC (J.M.V.); Quantitative, Translational and ADME Sciences, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois (D.A.J.B.); Investigative Drug Disposition, Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly Inc, Indianapolis, Indiana (K.M.H.); Nonclinical Biostatistics, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California (J.B.); ADME and Discovery Toxicity, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey (X.C.); Departments of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics (C.E.C.A.H., L.S.) and Clinical Pharmacology (R.S.), Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California; Department of Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, Amgen Inc. South San Francisco, California (C.Y.L.); Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Bristol Myers Squibb Research and Development, Princeton, New Jersey (H.S.); DMPK Modeling, IVIVT, Research, GSK, Stevenage, United Kingdom (Ku.T.); Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa, Japan (Ki.T.); and Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics, and Metabolism, Translational Medicine and Early Development, Sanofi US, Bridgewater, NJ (C.X.)
| | - Yurong Lai
- Clinical Pharmacology and Safety Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom (H.E.R., K.S.F.); Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc., Ridgefield, Connecticut (P.M., M.T.); Quantitative Clinical Pharmacology, Development Sciences, UCB Biopharma SRL, Braine-L'Alleud, Belgium (H.C.); NCE Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, the healthcare business of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany (Z.F.); Drug Metabolism, Gilead Sciences, Inc. Foster City, California (X.L., Y.L.); Preclinical Sciences and Translational Safety, Janssen R&D LLC, Spring House, Pennsylvania (S.H.P.); Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics and Metabolism, Medicine Design, Worldwide R&D, Pfizer Inc, Groton, Connecticut (C.C.); Pharmacokinetic Sciences, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, East Hanover, New Jersey (I.H.); Clinical Pharmacology Modelling and Simulations, GlaxoSmithKline Research and Development, Collegeville, Pennsylvania (N.T., K.M.M.); IQ Secretariat, Faegre Drinker Biddle & Reath, LLP., Washington DC (J.M.V.); Quantitative, Translational and ADME Sciences, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois (D.A.J.B.); Investigative Drug Disposition, Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly Inc, Indianapolis, Indiana (K.M.H.); Nonclinical Biostatistics, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California (J.B.); ADME and Discovery Toxicity, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey (X.C.); Departments of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics (C.E.C.A.H., L.S.) and Clinical Pharmacology (R.S.), Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California; Department of Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, Amgen Inc. South San Francisco, California (C.Y.L.); Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Bristol Myers Squibb Research and Development, Princeton, New Jersey (H.S.); DMPK Modeling, IVIVT, Research, GSK, Stevenage, United Kingdom (Ku.T.); Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa, Japan (Ki.T.); and Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics, and Metabolism, Translational Medicine and Early Development, Sanofi US, Bridgewater, NJ (C.X.)
| | - Cindy Yanfei Li
- Clinical Pharmacology and Safety Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom (H.E.R., K.S.F.); Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc., Ridgefield, Connecticut (P.M., M.T.); Quantitative Clinical Pharmacology, Development Sciences, UCB Biopharma SRL, Braine-L'Alleud, Belgium (H.C.); NCE Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, the healthcare business of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany (Z.F.); Drug Metabolism, Gilead Sciences, Inc. Foster City, California (X.L., Y.L.); Preclinical Sciences and Translational Safety, Janssen R&D LLC, Spring House, Pennsylvania (S.H.P.); Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics and Metabolism, Medicine Design, Worldwide R&D, Pfizer Inc, Groton, Connecticut (C.C.); Pharmacokinetic Sciences, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, East Hanover, New Jersey (I.H.); Clinical Pharmacology Modelling and Simulations, GlaxoSmithKline Research and Development, Collegeville, Pennsylvania (N.T., K.M.M.); IQ Secretariat, Faegre Drinker Biddle & Reath, LLP., Washington DC (J.M.V.); Quantitative, Translational and ADME Sciences, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois (D.A.J.B.); Investigative Drug Disposition, Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly Inc, Indianapolis, Indiana (K.M.H.); Nonclinical Biostatistics, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California (J.B.); ADME and Discovery Toxicity, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey (X.C.); Departments of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics (C.E.C.A.H., L.S.) and Clinical Pharmacology (R.S.), Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California; Department of Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, Amgen Inc. South San Francisco, California (C.Y.L.); Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Bristol Myers Squibb Research and Development, Princeton, New Jersey (H.S.); DMPK Modeling, IVIVT, Research, GSK, Stevenage, United Kingdom (Ku.T.); Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa, Japan (Ki.T.); and Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics, and Metabolism, Translational Medicine and Early Development, Sanofi US, Bridgewater, NJ (C.X.)
| | - Kelly M Mahar
- Clinical Pharmacology and Safety Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom (H.E.R., K.S.F.); Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc., Ridgefield, Connecticut (P.M., M.T.); Quantitative Clinical Pharmacology, Development Sciences, UCB Biopharma SRL, Braine-L'Alleud, Belgium (H.C.); NCE Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, the healthcare business of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany (Z.F.); Drug Metabolism, Gilead Sciences, Inc. Foster City, California (X.L., Y.L.); Preclinical Sciences and Translational Safety, Janssen R&D LLC, Spring House, Pennsylvania (S.H.P.); Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics and Metabolism, Medicine Design, Worldwide R&D, Pfizer Inc, Groton, Connecticut (C.C.); Pharmacokinetic Sciences, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, East Hanover, New Jersey (I.H.); Clinical Pharmacology Modelling and Simulations, GlaxoSmithKline Research and Development, Collegeville, Pennsylvania (N.T., K.M.M.); IQ Secretariat, Faegre Drinker Biddle & Reath, LLP., Washington DC (J.M.V.); Quantitative, Translational and ADME Sciences, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois (D.A.J.B.); Investigative Drug Disposition, Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly Inc, Indianapolis, Indiana (K.M.H.); Nonclinical Biostatistics, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California (J.B.); ADME and Discovery Toxicity, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey (X.C.); Departments of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics (C.E.C.A.H., L.S.) and Clinical Pharmacology (R.S.), Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California; Department of Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, Amgen Inc. South San Francisco, California (C.Y.L.); Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Bristol Myers Squibb Research and Development, Princeton, New Jersey (H.S.); DMPK Modeling, IVIVT, Research, GSK, Stevenage, United Kingdom (Ku.T.); Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa, Japan (Ki.T.); and Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics, and Metabolism, Translational Medicine and Early Development, Sanofi US, Bridgewater, NJ (C.X.)
| | - Laurent Salphati
- Clinical Pharmacology and Safety Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom (H.E.R., K.S.F.); Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc., Ridgefield, Connecticut (P.M., M.T.); Quantitative Clinical Pharmacology, Development Sciences, UCB Biopharma SRL, Braine-L'Alleud, Belgium (H.C.); NCE Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, the healthcare business of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany (Z.F.); Drug Metabolism, Gilead Sciences, Inc. Foster City, California (X.L., Y.L.); Preclinical Sciences and Translational Safety, Janssen R&D LLC, Spring House, Pennsylvania (S.H.P.); Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics and Metabolism, Medicine Design, Worldwide R&D, Pfizer Inc, Groton, Connecticut (C.C.); Pharmacokinetic Sciences, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, East Hanover, New Jersey (I.H.); Clinical Pharmacology Modelling and Simulations, GlaxoSmithKline Research and Development, Collegeville, Pennsylvania (N.T., K.M.M.); IQ Secretariat, Faegre Drinker Biddle & Reath, LLP., Washington DC (J.M.V.); Quantitative, Translational and ADME Sciences, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois (D.A.J.B.); Investigative Drug Disposition, Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly Inc, Indianapolis, Indiana (K.M.H.); Nonclinical Biostatistics, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California (J.B.); ADME and Discovery Toxicity, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey (X.C.); Departments of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics (C.E.C.A.H., L.S.) and Clinical Pharmacology (R.S.), Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California; Department of Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, Amgen Inc. South San Francisco, California (C.Y.L.); Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Bristol Myers Squibb Research and Development, Princeton, New Jersey (H.S.); DMPK Modeling, IVIVT, Research, GSK, Stevenage, United Kingdom (Ku.T.); Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa, Japan (Ki.T.); and Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics, and Metabolism, Translational Medicine and Early Development, Sanofi US, Bridgewater, NJ (C.X.)
| | - Rucha Sane
- Clinical Pharmacology and Safety Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom (H.E.R., K.S.F.); Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc., Ridgefield, Connecticut (P.M., M.T.); Quantitative Clinical Pharmacology, Development Sciences, UCB Biopharma SRL, Braine-L'Alleud, Belgium (H.C.); NCE Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, the healthcare business of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany (Z.F.); Drug Metabolism, Gilead Sciences, Inc. Foster City, California (X.L., Y.L.); Preclinical Sciences and Translational Safety, Janssen R&D LLC, Spring House, Pennsylvania (S.H.P.); Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics and Metabolism, Medicine Design, Worldwide R&D, Pfizer Inc, Groton, Connecticut (C.C.); Pharmacokinetic Sciences, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, East Hanover, New Jersey (I.H.); Clinical Pharmacology Modelling and Simulations, GlaxoSmithKline Research and Development, Collegeville, Pennsylvania (N.T., K.M.M.); IQ Secretariat, Faegre Drinker Biddle & Reath, LLP., Washington DC (J.M.V.); Quantitative, Translational and ADME Sciences, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois (D.A.J.B.); Investigative Drug Disposition, Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly Inc, Indianapolis, Indiana (K.M.H.); Nonclinical Biostatistics, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California (J.B.); ADME and Discovery Toxicity, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey (X.C.); Departments of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics (C.E.C.A.H., L.S.) and Clinical Pharmacology (R.S.), Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California; Department of Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, Amgen Inc. South San Francisco, California (C.Y.L.); Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Bristol Myers Squibb Research and Development, Princeton, New Jersey (H.S.); DMPK Modeling, IVIVT, Research, GSK, Stevenage, United Kingdom (Ku.T.); Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa, Japan (Ki.T.); and Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics, and Metabolism, Translational Medicine and Early Development, Sanofi US, Bridgewater, NJ (C.X.)
| | - Hong Shen
- Clinical Pharmacology and Safety Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom (H.E.R., K.S.F.); Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc., Ridgefield, Connecticut (P.M., M.T.); Quantitative Clinical Pharmacology, Development Sciences, UCB Biopharma SRL, Braine-L'Alleud, Belgium (H.C.); NCE Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, the healthcare business of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany (Z.F.); Drug Metabolism, Gilead Sciences, Inc. Foster City, California (X.L., Y.L.); Preclinical Sciences and Translational Safety, Janssen R&D LLC, Spring House, Pennsylvania (S.H.P.); Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics and Metabolism, Medicine Design, Worldwide R&D, Pfizer Inc, Groton, Connecticut (C.C.); Pharmacokinetic Sciences, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, East Hanover, New Jersey (I.H.); Clinical Pharmacology Modelling and Simulations, GlaxoSmithKline Research and Development, Collegeville, Pennsylvania (N.T., K.M.M.); IQ Secretariat, Faegre Drinker Biddle & Reath, LLP., Washington DC (J.M.V.); Quantitative, Translational and ADME Sciences, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois (D.A.J.B.); Investigative Drug Disposition, Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly Inc, Indianapolis, Indiana (K.M.H.); Nonclinical Biostatistics, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California (J.B.); ADME and Discovery Toxicity, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey (X.C.); Departments of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics (C.E.C.A.H., L.S.) and Clinical Pharmacology (R.S.), Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California; Department of Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, Amgen Inc. South San Francisco, California (C.Y.L.); Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Bristol Myers Squibb Research and Development, Princeton, New Jersey (H.S.); DMPK Modeling, IVIVT, Research, GSK, Stevenage, United Kingdom (Ku.T.); Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa, Japan (Ki.T.); and Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics, and Metabolism, Translational Medicine and Early Development, Sanofi US, Bridgewater, NJ (C.X.)
| | - Kunal Taskar
- Clinical Pharmacology and Safety Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom (H.E.R., K.S.F.); Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc., Ridgefield, Connecticut (P.M., M.T.); Quantitative Clinical Pharmacology, Development Sciences, UCB Biopharma SRL, Braine-L'Alleud, Belgium (H.C.); NCE Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, the healthcare business of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany (Z.F.); Drug Metabolism, Gilead Sciences, Inc. Foster City, California (X.L., Y.L.); Preclinical Sciences and Translational Safety, Janssen R&D LLC, Spring House, Pennsylvania (S.H.P.); Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics and Metabolism, Medicine Design, Worldwide R&D, Pfizer Inc, Groton, Connecticut (C.C.); Pharmacokinetic Sciences, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, East Hanover, New Jersey (I.H.); Clinical Pharmacology Modelling and Simulations, GlaxoSmithKline Research and Development, Collegeville, Pennsylvania (N.T., K.M.M.); IQ Secretariat, Faegre Drinker Biddle & Reath, LLP., Washington DC (J.M.V.); Quantitative, Translational and ADME Sciences, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois (D.A.J.B.); Investigative Drug Disposition, Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly Inc, Indianapolis, Indiana (K.M.H.); Nonclinical Biostatistics, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California (J.B.); ADME and Discovery Toxicity, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey (X.C.); Departments of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics (C.E.C.A.H., L.S.) and Clinical Pharmacology (R.S.), Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California; Department of Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, Amgen Inc. South San Francisco, California (C.Y.L.); Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Bristol Myers Squibb Research and Development, Princeton, New Jersey (H.S.); DMPK Modeling, IVIVT, Research, GSK, Stevenage, United Kingdom (Ku.T.); Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa, Japan (Ki.T.); and Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics, and Metabolism, Translational Medicine and Early Development, Sanofi US, Bridgewater, NJ (C.X.)
| | - Mitchell Taub
- Clinical Pharmacology and Safety Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom (H.E.R., K.S.F.); Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc., Ridgefield, Connecticut (P.M., M.T.); Quantitative Clinical Pharmacology, Development Sciences, UCB Biopharma SRL, Braine-L'Alleud, Belgium (H.C.); NCE Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, the healthcare business of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany (Z.F.); Drug Metabolism, Gilead Sciences, Inc. Foster City, California (X.L., Y.L.); Preclinical Sciences and Translational Safety, Janssen R&D LLC, Spring House, Pennsylvania (S.H.P.); Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics and Metabolism, Medicine Design, Worldwide R&D, Pfizer Inc, Groton, Connecticut (C.C.); Pharmacokinetic Sciences, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, East Hanover, New Jersey (I.H.); Clinical Pharmacology Modelling and Simulations, GlaxoSmithKline Research and Development, Collegeville, Pennsylvania (N.T., K.M.M.); IQ Secretariat, Faegre Drinker Biddle & Reath, LLP., Washington DC (J.M.V.); Quantitative, Translational and ADME Sciences, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois (D.A.J.B.); Investigative Drug Disposition, Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly Inc, Indianapolis, Indiana (K.M.H.); Nonclinical Biostatistics, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California (J.B.); ADME and Discovery Toxicity, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey (X.C.); Departments of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics (C.E.C.A.H., L.S.) and Clinical Pharmacology (R.S.), Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California; Department of Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, Amgen Inc. South San Francisco, California (C.Y.L.); Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Bristol Myers Squibb Research and Development, Princeton, New Jersey (H.S.); DMPK Modeling, IVIVT, Research, GSK, Stevenage, United Kingdom (Ku.T.); Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa, Japan (Ki.T.); and Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics, and Metabolism, Translational Medicine and Early Development, Sanofi US, Bridgewater, NJ (C.X.)
| | - Kimio Tohyama
- Clinical Pharmacology and Safety Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom (H.E.R., K.S.F.); Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc., Ridgefield, Connecticut (P.M., M.T.); Quantitative Clinical Pharmacology, Development Sciences, UCB Biopharma SRL, Braine-L'Alleud, Belgium (H.C.); NCE Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, the healthcare business of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany (Z.F.); Drug Metabolism, Gilead Sciences, Inc. Foster City, California (X.L., Y.L.); Preclinical Sciences and Translational Safety, Janssen R&D LLC, Spring House, Pennsylvania (S.H.P.); Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics and Metabolism, Medicine Design, Worldwide R&D, Pfizer Inc, Groton, Connecticut (C.C.); Pharmacokinetic Sciences, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, East Hanover, New Jersey (I.H.); Clinical Pharmacology Modelling and Simulations, GlaxoSmithKline Research and Development, Collegeville, Pennsylvania (N.T., K.M.M.); IQ Secretariat, Faegre Drinker Biddle & Reath, LLP., Washington DC (J.M.V.); Quantitative, Translational and ADME Sciences, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois (D.A.J.B.); Investigative Drug Disposition, Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly Inc, Indianapolis, Indiana (K.M.H.); Nonclinical Biostatistics, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California (J.B.); ADME and Discovery Toxicity, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey (X.C.); Departments of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics (C.E.C.A.H., L.S.) and Clinical Pharmacology (R.S.), Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California; Department of Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, Amgen Inc. South San Francisco, California (C.Y.L.); Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Bristol Myers Squibb Research and Development, Princeton, New Jersey (H.S.); DMPK Modeling, IVIVT, Research, GSK, Stevenage, United Kingdom (Ku.T.); Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa, Japan (Ki.T.); and Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics, and Metabolism, Translational Medicine and Early Development, Sanofi US, Bridgewater, NJ (C.X.)
| | - Christine Xu
- Clinical Pharmacology and Safety Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom (H.E.R., K.S.F.); Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc., Ridgefield, Connecticut (P.M., M.T.); Quantitative Clinical Pharmacology, Development Sciences, UCB Biopharma SRL, Braine-L'Alleud, Belgium (H.C.); NCE Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, the healthcare business of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany (Z.F.); Drug Metabolism, Gilead Sciences, Inc. Foster City, California (X.L., Y.L.); Preclinical Sciences and Translational Safety, Janssen R&D LLC, Spring House, Pennsylvania (S.H.P.); Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics and Metabolism, Medicine Design, Worldwide R&D, Pfizer Inc, Groton, Connecticut (C.C.); Pharmacokinetic Sciences, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, East Hanover, New Jersey (I.H.); Clinical Pharmacology Modelling and Simulations, GlaxoSmithKline Research and Development, Collegeville, Pennsylvania (N.T., K.M.M.); IQ Secretariat, Faegre Drinker Biddle & Reath, LLP., Washington DC (J.M.V.); Quantitative, Translational and ADME Sciences, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois (D.A.J.B.); Investigative Drug Disposition, Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly Inc, Indianapolis, Indiana (K.M.H.); Nonclinical Biostatistics, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California (J.B.); ADME and Discovery Toxicity, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey (X.C.); Departments of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics (C.E.C.A.H., L.S.) and Clinical Pharmacology (R.S.), Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California; Department of Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, Amgen Inc. South San Francisco, California (C.Y.L.); Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Bristol Myers Squibb Research and Development, Princeton, New Jersey (H.S.); DMPK Modeling, IVIVT, Research, GSK, Stevenage, United Kingdom (Ku.T.); Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa, Japan (Ki.T.); and Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics, and Metabolism, Translational Medicine and Early Development, Sanofi US, Bridgewater, NJ (C.X.)
| | - Katherine S Fenner
- Clinical Pharmacology and Safety Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom (H.E.R., K.S.F.); Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc., Ridgefield, Connecticut (P.M., M.T.); Quantitative Clinical Pharmacology, Development Sciences, UCB Biopharma SRL, Braine-L'Alleud, Belgium (H.C.); NCE Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, the healthcare business of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany (Z.F.); Drug Metabolism, Gilead Sciences, Inc. Foster City, California (X.L., Y.L.); Preclinical Sciences and Translational Safety, Janssen R&D LLC, Spring House, Pennsylvania (S.H.P.); Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics and Metabolism, Medicine Design, Worldwide R&D, Pfizer Inc, Groton, Connecticut (C.C.); Pharmacokinetic Sciences, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, East Hanover, New Jersey (I.H.); Clinical Pharmacology Modelling and Simulations, GlaxoSmithKline Research and Development, Collegeville, Pennsylvania (N.T., K.M.M.); IQ Secretariat, Faegre Drinker Biddle & Reath, LLP., Washington DC (J.M.V.); Quantitative, Translational and ADME Sciences, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois (D.A.J.B.); Investigative Drug Disposition, Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly Inc, Indianapolis, Indiana (K.M.H.); Nonclinical Biostatistics, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California (J.B.); ADME and Discovery Toxicity, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey (X.C.); Departments of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics (C.E.C.A.H., L.S.) and Clinical Pharmacology (R.S.), Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California; Department of Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, Amgen Inc. South San Francisco, California (C.Y.L.); Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Bristol Myers Squibb Research and Development, Princeton, New Jersey (H.S.); DMPK Modeling, IVIVT, Research, GSK, Stevenage, United Kingdom (Ku.T.); Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa, Japan (Ki.T.); and Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics, and Metabolism, Translational Medicine and Early Development, Sanofi US, Bridgewater, NJ (C.X.)
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3
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Krámos B, Hadady Z, Makó A, Szántó G, Felföldi N, Magdó I, Bobok AÁ, Bata I, Román V, Visegrády A, Keserű G, Greiner I, Éles J. Novel-Type GABA B PAMs: Structure-Activity Relationship in Light of the Protein Structure. ACS Med Chem Lett 2024; 15:396-405. [PMID: 38505850 PMCID: PMC10945541 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.3c00560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Selecting a known HTS hit with the pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine core, our project was started from CMPPE, and its optimization was driven by a ligand-based pharmacophore model developed on the basis of published GABAB positive allosteric modulators (PAMs). Our primary goal was to improve the potency by finding new enthalpic interactions. Therefore, we included the lipophilic ligand efficiency (LLE or LipE) as an objective function in the optimization that led to a carboxylic acid derivative (34). This lead candidate offers the possibility to improve potency without drastically inflating the physicochemical properties. Although the discovery of the novel carboxyl feature was surprising, it turned out to be an important element of the GABAB PAM pharmacophore that can be perfectly explained based on the new protein structures. Rationalizing the binding mode of 34, we analyzed the intersubunit PAM binding site of GABAB receptor using the publicly available experimental structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balázs Krámos
- Spectroscopic
Research Department, Gedeon Richter Plc., Gyömrői út
19-21, Budapest, 1103 Hungary
| | - Zsuzsa Hadady
- Chemistry
Department, Gedeon Richter Plc., Gyömrői út
19-21, Budapest, 1103 Hungary
| | - Attila Makó
- Chemistry
Department, Gedeon Richter Plc., Gyömrői út
19-21, Budapest, 1103 Hungary
| | - Gábor Szántó
- Chemistry
Department, Gedeon Richter Plc., Gyömrői út
19-21, Budapest, 1103 Hungary
| | - Nóra Felföldi
- Chemistry
Department, Gedeon Richter Plc., Gyömrői út
19-21, Budapest, 1103 Hungary
| | - Ildikó Magdó
- Spectroscopic
Research Department, Gedeon Richter Plc., Gyömrői út
19-21, Budapest, 1103 Hungary
| | - Amrita Ágnes Bobok
- Pharmacological
and Drug Safety Research, Gedeon Richter
Plc., Gyömrői
út 19-21, Budapest, 1103 Hungary
| | - Imre Bata
- Chemistry
Department, Gedeon Richter Plc., Gyömrői út
19-21, Budapest, 1103 Hungary
| | - Viktor Román
- Pharmacological
and Drug Safety Research, Gedeon Richter
Plc., Gyömrői
út 19-21, Budapest, 1103 Hungary
| | - András Visegrády
- Pharmacological
and Drug Safety Research, Gedeon Richter
Plc., Gyömrői
út 19-21, Budapest, 1103 Hungary
| | - György
M. Keserű
- Medicinal
Chemistry Research Group, Research Centre
for Natural Sciences, Magyar tudósok krt. 2, Budapest, 1117 Hungary
| | - István Greiner
- Research
and Development Director, Gedeon Richter
Plc., Gyömrői
út 19-21, Budapest, 1103 Hungary
| | - János Éles
- Head
of Medicinal Chemistry, Gedeon Richter Plc., Gyömrői út
19-21, Budapest, 1103 Hungary
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4
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Tautermann CS, Borghardt JM, Pfau R, Zentgraf M, Weskamp N, Sauer A. Towards holistic Compound Quality Scores: Extending ligand efficiency indices with compound pharmacokinetic characteristics. Drug Discov Today 2023; 28:103758. [PMID: 37660984 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2023.103758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
The suitability of small molecules as oral drugs is often assessed by simple physicochemical rules, the application of ligand efficiency scores or by composite scores based on physicochemical compound properties. These rules and scores are empirical and typically lack mechanistic background, such as information on pharmacokinetics (PK). We introduce new types of Compound Quality Scores (CQS, specifically called dose scores and cmax scores), which explicitly include predicted or, when available, experimental PK parameters and combine these with on-target potency. These CQS scores are surrogates for an estimated dose and corresponding cmax and allow prioritizing of compounds within test cascades as well as before synthesis. We demonstrate the complementarity and, in most cases, superior performance relative to existing efficiency metrics by project examples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christofer S Tautermann
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Medicinal Chemistry, Birkendorfer Strasse 65, Biberach 88397, Germany; Department of General, Inorganic and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck 6020, Austria.
| | - Jens M Borghardt
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Drug Discovery Sciences, Birkendorfer Strasse 65, Biberach 88397, Germany.
| | - Roland Pfau
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Medicinal Chemistry, Birkendorfer Strasse 65, Biberach 88397, Germany; Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, CNS Research, Birkendorfer Strasse 65, Biberach 88397, Germany.
| | - Matthias Zentgraf
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Discovery Research Coordination Germany, Birkendorfer Strasse 65, Biberach 88397, Germany.
| | - Nils Weskamp
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Medicinal Chemistry, Birkendorfer Strasse 65, Biberach 88397, Germany.
| | - Achim Sauer
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Drug Discovery Sciences, Birkendorfer Strasse 65, Biberach 88397, Germany.
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5
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Iliev I, Mavrova A, Yancheva D, Dimov S, Staneva G, Nesheva A, Tsoneva I, Nikolova B. 2-Alkyl-Substituted-4-Amino-Thieno[2,3- d]Pyrimidines: Anti-Proliferative Properties to In Vitro Breast Cancer Models. Molecules 2023; 28:6347. [PMID: 37687177 PMCID: PMC10489817 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28176347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Thienopyrimidines are structural analogs of quinazolines, and the creation of new 2-alkyl derivatives of ethyl 4-aminothienopyrimidine-6-carboxylates for the study of their anti-proliferative properties is of great pharmacological interest. Some 2-alkyl-4-amino-thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidines 2-5 were synthesized, and their cyto- and phototoxicity against BALB 3T3 cells were established by an in vitro 3T3 NRU test. The obtained results indicate that the tested compounds are not cytotoxic or phototoxic, and that they are appropriate to be studied for their anti-proliferative and anti-tumor properties. The anti-proliferative potential of the compounds was investigated on MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cancer cells, as well as a MCF-10A cell line (normal human mammary epithelial cells). The most toxic to MCF-7 was thienopyrimidine 3 with IC50 13.42 μg/mL (IC50 0.045 μM), followed by compound 4 (IC50 28.89 μg/mL or IC50 0.11 μM). The thienopyrimidine 4 revealed higher selectivity to MCF-7 and lower activity (IC50 367 μg/mL i.e., 1.4 μM) than compound 3 with MCF-10A cells. With respect to MDA-MB-231 cells, ester 2 manifested the highest effect with IC50 52.56 μg/mL (IC50 0.16 μM), and 2-ethyl derivative 4 revealed IC50 62.86 μg/mL (IC50 0.24 μM). It was estimated that the effect of the substances on the cell cycle progression was due to cell cycle arrest in the G2 stage for MDA-MB-231, while arrest in G1 was detected for the estrogen (ER)-positive MCF-7 cell line. The tested compound's effects on the change of the zeta potential in the tumorigenic cells utilized in this study were determined. The calculation which we performed of the physicochemical properties and pharmacokinetic parameters influencing the biological activity suggested high intestinal absorption, as well as drug-likeness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Iliev
- Institute of Experimental Morphology, Pathology and Anthropology with Museum, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., bl. 25, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria;
| | - Anelia Mavrova
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technologies, University of Chemical Technology and Metallurgy, S8 Kliment Ohridski Blvd., 1756 Sofia, Bulgaria; (A.M.); (S.D.)
| | - Denitsa Yancheva
- Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., bl. 9, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria;
| | - Stefan Dimov
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technologies, University of Chemical Technology and Metallurgy, S8 Kliment Ohridski Blvd., 1756 Sofia, Bulgaria; (A.M.); (S.D.)
| | - Galya Staneva
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., bl. 21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (A.N.); (I.T.)
| | - Alexandrina Nesheva
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., bl. 21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (A.N.); (I.T.)
| | - Iana Tsoneva
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., bl. 21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (A.N.); (I.T.)
| | - Biliana Nikolova
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., bl. 21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (A.N.); (I.T.)
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6
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Minetti CA, Remeta DP. Forces Driving a Magic Bullet to Its Target: Revisiting the Role of Thermodynamics in Drug Design, Development, and Optimization. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:1438. [PMID: 36143474 PMCID: PMC9504344 DOI: 10.3390/life12091438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug discovery strategies have advanced significantly towards prioritizing target selectivity to achieve the longstanding goal of identifying "magic bullets" amongst thousands of chemical molecules screened for therapeutic efficacy. A myriad of emerging and existing health threats, including the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, alarming increase in bacterial resistance, and potentially fatal chronic ailments, such as cancer, cardiovascular disease, and neurodegeneration, have incentivized the discovery of novel therapeutics in treatment regimens. The design, development, and optimization of lead compounds represent an arduous and time-consuming process that necessitates the assessment of specific criteria and metrics derived via multidisciplinary approaches incorporating functional, structural, and energetic properties. The present review focuses on specific methodologies and technologies aimed at advancing drug development with particular emphasis on the role of thermodynamics in elucidating the underlying forces governing ligand-target interaction selectivity and specificity. In the pursuit of novel therapeutics, isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) has been utilized extensively over the past two decades to bolster drug discovery efforts, yielding information-rich thermodynamic binding signatures. A wealth of studies recognizes the need for mining thermodynamic databases to critically examine and evaluate prospective drug candidates on the basis of available metrics. The ultimate power and utility of thermodynamics within drug discovery strategies reside in the characterization and comparison of intrinsic binding signatures that facilitate the elucidation of structural-energetic correlations which assist in lead compound identification and optimization to improve overall therapeutic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Conceição A. Minetti
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers—The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - David P. Remeta
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers—The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
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7
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Madrigal-Angulo JL, Ménez-Guerrero C, Estrada-Soto S, Ramírez-Espinosa JJ, Almanza-Pérez JC, León-Rivera I, Hernández-Núñez E, Aguirre-Vidal Y, Flores-León CD, Aguayo-Ortíz R, Navarrete-Vazquez G. Synthesis, in vitro, in silico and in vivo hypoglycemic and lipid-lowering effects of 4-benzyloxy-5-benzylidene-1,3-thiazolidine-2,4-diones mediated by dual PPAR α/γ modulation. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2022; 70:128804. [PMID: 35598791 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2022.128804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
In current work, we prepared a series of nine 4-benzyloxy-5-benzylidene-1,3-thiazolidine-2,4-diones using a two-step pathway. Compounds 1-9 were tested in vitro using a set of three proteins recognized as important targets in diabetes and related diseases: PPARα, PPARγ, and GLUT-4. Compounds 1-3, 5, and 7 showed significant increases in the mRNA expression of PPARγ and GLUT-4, whereas compounds 1-3 did it over PPARα. Compounds 1-3 were identified as a dual PPAR α/γ modulators and were selected for evaluating the in vivo antidiabetic action at 100 mg/kg dose, being orally actives and decreasing blood glucose concentration in a hyperglycemic mice model, as well as reducing the triacylglycerides levels in normolipidemic rats. Docking and molecular dynamics studies were conducted to clarify the dual effect and binding mode of compounds 1-3 on both PPARs. Compounds 2 and 3 exhibited robust in vitro and in vivo efficacy and could be considered dual PPAR modulators with antidiabetic and antidyslipidemic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Carlos Ménez-Guerrero
- Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, 62209 Morelos, Mexico
| | - Samuel Estrada-Soto
- Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, 62209 Morelos, Mexico
| | - Juan José Ramírez-Espinosa
- Departamento de Ciencias Quimico Biologicas, Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez, Ciudad Juárez, 32310 Chihuahua, Mexico
| | - Julio César Almanza-Pérez
- Laboratorio de Farmacología, Depto. Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, 09340 México City, Mexico
| | - Ismael León-Rivera
- Centro de Investigaciones Químicas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, 62209 Morelos, Mexico
| | - Emanuel Hernández-Núñez
- Departamento de Recursos del Mar, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados, IPN, Unidad Mérida, Yucatán 97310, Mexico
| | - Yoshajandith Aguirre-Vidal
- Red de Estudios Moleculares Avanzados, Cluster Científico y Tecnológico BioMimic, INECOL, Xalapa, 91073 Veracruz, Mexico
| | - Carlos D Flores-León
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510 México City, Mexico
| | - Rodrigo Aguayo-Ortíz
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510 México City, Mexico
| | - Gabriel Navarrete-Vazquez
- Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, 62209 Morelos, Mexico.
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8
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Design, Cytotoxicity and Antiproliferative Activity of 4-Amino-5-methyl-thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine-6-carboxylates against MFC-7 and MDA-MB-231 Breast Cancer Cell Lines. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27103314. [PMID: 35630793 PMCID: PMC9148072 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27103314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Novel 4-amino-thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine-6-carboxylates substituted at the second position were prepared by cyclocondensation of 2-amino-3-cyano-thiophene and aryl nitriles in an acidic medium. The design of the target compounds was based on structural optimization. The derivatives thus obtained were tested in vitro against human and mouse cell lines. The examination of the compound effects on BLAB 3T3 and MFC-10A cells showed that they are safe, making them suitable for subsequent experiments to establish their antitumor activity. The photoirritancy factor of the compounds was calculated. Using the MTT test, the antiproliferative activity to MCF-10A, MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cell lines was estimated. The best antiproliferative effect in respect to the MCF-7 cell line revealed compound 2 with IC50 4.3 ± 0.11 µg/mL (0.013 µM). The highest selective index with respect to MCF-7 cells was shown by compound 3 (SI = 19.3), and to MDA-MB-231 cells by compound 2 (SI = 3.7). Based on energy analysis, the most stable conformers were selected and optimized by means of density functional theory (DFT). Ligand efficiency, ligand lipophilicity efficiency and the physicochemical parameters of the target 4-amino-thienopyrimidines were determined. The data obtained indicated that the lead compound among the tested substances is compound 2.
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9
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Polyakov VR, Alexandrov V, Maderna A, Bajjuri K, Li X, Zhou S. Indexing Ultrafast Shape-Based Descriptors in MongoDB to Identify TLR4 Pathway Agonists. J Chem Inf Model 2022; 62:2446-2455. [PMID: 35522137 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.2c00156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
A method is presented for an ultrafast shape-based search workflow for the screening of large compound collections, i.e., those of vendors. The three-dimensional shape of a molecule dictates its biological activity by enabling the molecule to fit into binding pockets of proteins. Quite often, distinctly different chemical compounds that have similar shapes can bind in a similar way. OpenEye pioneered an algorithm for comparing shapes of molecules by overlaying them in a computer and measuring differences between a query molecule and a target molecule. Overlaying shapes is a computationally intensive process and represents a bottleneck in searching for similar molecules. More recent publications describe alternative methods of overlaying molecules, which are accomplished by comparing shape-based descriptors. These methods were implemented in the Open Drug Discovery Toolkit (ODDT) package. We utilized a combination of open-source software packages like ODDT and RDkit to implement a workflow for ultrafast conformer generation and matching that does not require storing precomputed conformers on the file system or in memory. Moreover, the generated descriptors could be optionally stored in MongoDB for performing searches in the future. To speed up the search, we created a set of indexes from the transformed shape-based descriptors. We are in the process of calculating descriptors for multiple vendors, including Enamine's "REAL" collection of 1.2 billion compounds. Currently, the shape similarity search on more than 70 million compounds takes less than 8 s! We exemplified our methodology with the screen of compounds that can act as putative TLR4 agonists. The search was based on a literature-known small-molecule TLR4 agonist series. In due course, we identified compounds with novel structural motifs that were active in mouse and human TLR4 reporter cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valery R Polyakov
- Sutro Biopharma, 111 Oyster Point Blvd, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Vadim Alexandrov
- Liquid Algo LLC, 85 Thistle Ln, Hopewell Junction, New York 12533, United States
| | - Andreas Maderna
- Sutro Biopharma, 111 Oyster Point Blvd, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Krishna Bajjuri
- Sutro Biopharma, 111 Oyster Point Blvd, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Xiaofan Li
- Sutro Biopharma, 111 Oyster Point Blvd, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Sihong Zhou
- Sutro Biopharma, 111 Oyster Point Blvd, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
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10
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Sharma LK, Yun MK, Subramanian C, Tangallapally R, Jackowski S, Rock CO, White SW, Lee RE. LipE guided discovery of isopropylphenyl pyridazines as pantothenate kinase modulators. Bioorg Med Chem 2021; 52:116504. [PMID: 34814071 PMCID: PMC8693618 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2021.116504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Pantothenate kinase (PANK) is the critical regulator of intracellular levels of coenzyme A and has emerged as an attractive target for treating neurological and metabolic disorders. This report describes the optimization, synthesis, and full structure–activity relationships of a new chemical series of pantothenate competitive PANK inhibitors. Potent drug-like molecules were obtained by optimizing a high throughput screening hit, using lipophilic ligand efficiency (LipE) derived from human PANK3 IC50 values to guide ligand development. X-ray crystal structures of PANK3 with index inhibitors from the optimization were determined to rationalize the emerging structure activity relationships. The analysis revealed a key bidentate hydrogen bonding interaction between pyridazine and R306′ as a major contributor to the LipE gain observed in the optimization. A tractable series of PANK3 modulators with nanomolar potency, excellent LipE values, desirable physicochemical properties, and a well-defined structural binding mode was produced from this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lalit Kumar Sharma
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas PI, MS1000, Memphis, TN 38105, United States; Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, United States
| | - Mi Kyung Yun
- Department of Structural Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, United States
| | - Chitra Subramanian
- Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, United States
| | - Rajendra Tangallapally
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas PI, MS1000, Memphis, TN 38105, United States
| | - Suzanne Jackowski
- Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, United States
| | - Charles O Rock
- Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, United States
| | - Stephen W White
- Department of Structural Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, United States
| | - Richard E Lee
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas PI, MS1000, Memphis, TN 38105, United States.
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11
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Josa-Culleré L, Madden KS, Cogswell TJ, Jackson TR, Carter TS, Zhang D, Trevitt G, Davies SG, Vyas P, Wynne GM, Milne TA, Russell AJ. A Phenotypic Screen Identifies a Compound Series That Induces Differentiation of Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cells In Vitro and Shows Antitumor Effects In Vivo. J Med Chem 2021; 64:15608-15628. [PMID: 34672555 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c00574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Induction of differentiation is a promising therapeutic strategy against acute myeloid leukemia. However, current differentiation therapies are effective only to specific patient populations. To identify novel differentiation agents with wider efficacy, we developed a phenotypic high-throughput screen with a range of genetically diverse cell lines. From the resulting hits, one chemical scaffold was optimized in terms of activity and physicochemical properties to yield OXS007417, a proof-of-concept tool compound, which was also able to decrease tumor volume in a murine in vivo xenograft model.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antineoplastic Agents/chemical synthesis
- Antineoplastic Agents/chemistry
- Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology
- Cell Differentiation/drug effects
- Cell Survival/drug effects
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor
- Female
- Humans
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/pathology
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred NOD
- Mice, SCID
- Molecular Structure
- Neoplasms, Experimental/drug therapy
- Neoplasms, Experimental/pathology
- Phenotype
- Structure-Activity Relationship
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
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Affiliation(s)
- Laia Josa-Culleré
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K
| | - Katrina S Madden
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K
| | - Thomas J Cogswell
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3QT, U.K
| | - Thomas R Jackson
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre Haematology Theme, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, U.K
| | - Tom S Carter
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K
| | - Douzi Zhang
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre Haematology Theme, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, U.K
| | - Graham Trevitt
- XenoGesis Ltd., BioCity Nottingham, Pennyfoot Street, Nottingham NG1 1GF, Nottinghamshire, U.K
| | - Stephen G Davies
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K
| | - Paresh Vyas
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre Haematology Theme, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, U.K
| | - Graham M Wynne
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K
| | - Thomas A Milne
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre Haematology Theme, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, U.K
| | - Angela J Russell
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3QT, U.K
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12
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Josa-Culleré L, Cogswell TJ, Georgiou I, Jay-Smith M, Jackson TR, Bataille CJR, Davies SG, Vyas P, Milne TA, Wynne GM, Russell AJ. Identification and Preliminary Structure-Activity Relationship Studies of 1,5-Dihydrobenzo[ e][1,4]oxazepin-2(3 H)-ones That Induce Differentiation of Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cells In Vitro. Molecules 2021; 26:6648. [PMID: 34771052 PMCID: PMC8588310 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26216648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is the most aggressive type of blood cancer, and there is a continued need for new treatments that are well tolerated and improve long-term survival rates in patients. Induction of differentiation has emerged as a promising alternative to conventional cytotoxic chemotherapy, but known agents lack efficacy in genetically distinct patient populations. Previously, we established a phenotypic screen to identify small molecules that could stimulate differentiation in a range of AML cell lines. Utilising this strategy, a 1,5-dihydrobenzo[e][1,4]oxazepin-2(3H)-one hit compound was identified. Herein, we report the hit validation in vitro, structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies and the pharmacokinetic profiles for selected compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laia Josa-Culleré
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK; (T.J.C.); (I.G.); (M.J.-S.); (C.J.R.B.); (S.G.D.); (G.M.W.)
| | - Thomas J. Cogswell
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK; (T.J.C.); (I.G.); (M.J.-S.); (C.J.R.B.); (S.G.D.); (G.M.W.)
| | - Irene Georgiou
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK; (T.J.C.); (I.G.); (M.J.-S.); (C.J.R.B.); (S.G.D.); (G.M.W.)
| | - Morgan Jay-Smith
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK; (T.J.C.); (I.G.); (M.J.-S.); (C.J.R.B.); (S.G.D.); (G.M.W.)
| | - Thomas R. Jackson
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre Haematology Theme, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK; (T.R.J.); (P.V.); (T.A.M.)
| | - Carole J. R. Bataille
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK; (T.J.C.); (I.G.); (M.J.-S.); (C.J.R.B.); (S.G.D.); (G.M.W.)
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3QT, UK
| | - Stephen G. Davies
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK; (T.J.C.); (I.G.); (M.J.-S.); (C.J.R.B.); (S.G.D.); (G.M.W.)
| | - Paresh Vyas
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre Haematology Theme, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK; (T.R.J.); (P.V.); (T.A.M.)
| | - Thomas A. Milne
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre Haematology Theme, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK; (T.R.J.); (P.V.); (T.A.M.)
| | - Graham M. Wynne
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK; (T.J.C.); (I.G.); (M.J.-S.); (C.J.R.B.); (S.G.D.); (G.M.W.)
| | - Angela J. Russell
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK; (T.J.C.); (I.G.); (M.J.-S.); (C.J.R.B.); (S.G.D.); (G.M.W.)
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3QT, UK
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13
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Subbaiah MAM, Meanwell NA. Bioisosteres of the Phenyl Ring: Recent Strategic Applications in Lead Optimization and Drug Design. J Med Chem 2021; 64:14046-14128. [PMID: 34591488 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c01215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 181] [Impact Index Per Article: 60.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The benzene moiety is the most prevalent ring system in marketed drugs, underscoring its historic popularity in drug design either as a pharmacophore or as a scaffold that projects pharmacophoric elements. However, introspective analyses of medicinal chemistry practices at the beginning of the 21st century highlighted the indiscriminate deployment of phenyl rings as an important contributor to the poor physicochemical properties of advanced molecules, which limited their prospects of being developed into effective drugs. This Perspective deliberates on the design and applications of bioisosteric replacements for a phenyl ring that have provided practical solutions to a range of developability problems frequently encountered in lead optimization campaigns. While the effect of phenyl ring replacements on compound properties is contextual in nature, bioisosteric substitution can lead to enhanced potency, solubility, and metabolic stability while reducing lipophilicity, plasma protein binding, phospholipidosis potential, and inhibition of cytochrome P450 enzymes and the hERG channel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murugaiah A M Subbaiah
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Biocon-Bristol Myers Squibb Research and Development Centre, Biocon Park, Bommasandra IV Phase, Jigani Link Road, Bangalore, Karnataka 560099, India
| | - Nicholas A Meanwell
- Department of Small Molecule Drug Discovery, Bristol Myers Squibb Research and Early Development, P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
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14
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Klug DM, Mavrogiannaki EM, Forbes KC, Silva L, Diaz-Gonzalez R, Pérez-Moreno G, Ceballos-Pérez G, Garcia-Hernández R, Bosch-Navarrete C, Cordón-Obras C, Gómez-Liñán C, Saura A, Momper JD, Martinez-Martinez MS, Manzano P, Syed A, El-Sakkary N, Caffrey CR, Gamarro F, Ruiz-Perez LM, Gonzalez Pacanowska D, Ferrins L, Navarro M, Pollastri MP. Lead Optimization of 3,5-Disubstituted-7-Azaindoles for the Treatment of Human African Trypanosomiasis. J Med Chem 2021; 64:9404-9430. [PMID: 34156862 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c00674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Neglected tropical diseases such as human African trypanosomiasis (HAT) are prevalent primarily in tropical climates and among populations living in poverty. Historically, the lack of economic incentive to develop new treatments for these diseases has meant that existing therapeutics have serious shortcomings in terms of safety, efficacy, and administration, and better therapeutics are needed. We now report a series of 3,5-disubstituted-7-azaindoles identified as growth inhibitors of Trypanosoma brucei, the parasite that causes HAT, through a high-throughput screen. We describe the hit-to-lead optimization of this series and the development and preclinical investigation of 29d, a potent antitrypanosomal compound with promising pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters. This compound was ultimately not progressed beyond in vivo PK studies due to its inability to penetrate the blood-brain barrier (BBB), critical for stage 2 HAT treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana M Klug
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Eftychia M Mavrogiannaki
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Katherine C Forbes
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Lisseth Silva
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Rosario Diaz-Gonzalez
- Instituto de Parasitología y Biomedicina "López-Neyra" Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Granada 18016, Spain
| | - Guiomar Pérez-Moreno
- Instituto de Parasitología y Biomedicina "López-Neyra" Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Granada 18016, Spain
| | - Gloria Ceballos-Pérez
- Instituto de Parasitología y Biomedicina "López-Neyra" Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Granada 18016, Spain
| | - Raquel Garcia-Hernández
- Instituto de Parasitología y Biomedicina "López-Neyra" Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Granada 18016, Spain
| | - Cristina Bosch-Navarrete
- Instituto de Parasitología y Biomedicina "López-Neyra" Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Granada 18016, Spain
| | - Carlos Cordón-Obras
- Instituto de Parasitología y Biomedicina "López-Neyra" Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Granada 18016, Spain
| | - Claudia Gómez-Liñán
- Instituto de Parasitología y Biomedicina "López-Neyra" Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Granada 18016, Spain
| | - Andreu Saura
- Instituto de Parasitología y Biomedicina "López-Neyra" Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Granada 18016, Spain
| | - Jeremiah D Momper
- Center for Discovery and Innovation in Parasitic Diseases, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, San Diego, California 92093, United States
| | - Maria Santos Martinez-Martinez
- Diseases of the Developing World (DDW), Tres Cantos Medicines Development Campus, GlaxoSmithKline, Tres Cantos 28760, Spain
| | - Pilar Manzano
- Diseases of the Developing World (DDW), Tres Cantos Medicines Development Campus, GlaxoSmithKline, Tres Cantos 28760, Spain
| | - Ali Syed
- Center for Discovery and Innovation in Parasitic Diseases, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, San Diego, California 92093, United States
| | - Nelly El-Sakkary
- Center for Discovery and Innovation in Parasitic Diseases, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, San Diego, California 92093, United States
| | - Conor R Caffrey
- Center for Discovery and Innovation in Parasitic Diseases, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, San Diego, California 92093, United States
| | - Francisco Gamarro
- Instituto de Parasitología y Biomedicina "López-Neyra" Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Granada 18016, Spain
| | - Luis Miguel Ruiz-Perez
- Instituto de Parasitología y Biomedicina "López-Neyra" Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Granada 18016, Spain
| | - Dolores Gonzalez Pacanowska
- Instituto de Parasitología y Biomedicina "López-Neyra" Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Granada 18016, Spain
| | - Lori Ferrins
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Miguel Navarro
- Instituto de Parasitología y Biomedicina "López-Neyra" Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Granada 18016, Spain
| | - Michael P Pollastri
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
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15
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Leeson PD, Bento AP, Gaulton A, Hersey A, Manners EJ, Radoux CJ, Leach AR. Target-Based Evaluation of "Drug-Like" Properties and Ligand Efficiencies. J Med Chem 2021; 64:7210-7230. [PMID: 33983732 PMCID: PMC7610969 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c00416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Physicochemical descriptors commonly used to define "drug-likeness" and ligand efficiency measures are assessed for their ability to differentiate marketed drugs from compounds reported to bind to their efficacious target or targets. Using ChEMBL version 26, a data set of 643 drugs acting on 271 targets was assembled, comprising 1104 drug-target pairs having ≥100 published compounds per target. Taking into account changes in their physicochemical properties over time, drugs are analyzed according to their target class, therapy area, and route of administration. Recent drugs, approved in 2010-2020, display no overall differences in molecular weight, lipophilicity, hydrogen bonding, or polar surface area from their target comparator compounds. Drugs are differentiated from target comparators by higher potency, ligand efficiency (LE), lipophilic ligand efficiency (LLE), and lower carboaromaticity. Overall, 96% of drugs have LE or LLE values, or both, greater than the median values of their target comparator compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul D Leeson
- Paul Leeson Consulting Ltd, The Malt House, Main Street, Congerstone, Nuneaton, Warkwickshire CV13 6LZ, United Kingdom
| | - A Patricia Bento
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire CB10 1SD, United Kingdom
| | - Anna Gaulton
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire CB10 1SD, United Kingdom
| | - Anne Hersey
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire CB10 1SD, United Kingdom
| | - Emma J Manners
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire CB10 1SD, United Kingdom
| | - Chris J Radoux
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire CB10 1SD, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew R Leach
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire CB10 1SD, United Kingdom
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16
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Talele TT. Opportunities for Tapping into Three-Dimensional Chemical Space through a Quaternary Carbon. J Med Chem 2020; 63:13291-13315. [PMID: 32805118 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c00829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
A quaternary carbon bears four other carbon substituents or combination of four non-hydrogen substituents at four vertices of a tetrahedron. The spirocyclic quaternary carbon positioned at the center of a bioactive molecule offers conformational rigidity, which in turn reduces the penalty for conformational entropy. The quaternary carbon is a predominant feature of natural product structures and has been associated with more effective and selective binding to target proteins compared to planar compounds with a high sp2 count. The presence of a quaternary carbon stereocenter allows the exploration of novel chemical space to obtain new molecules with enhanced three-dimensionality. These characteristics, coupled to an increasing awareness to develop sp3-rich molecules, boosted utility of quaternary carbon stereocenters in bioactive compounds. It is hoped that this Perspective will inspire the chemist to utilize quaternary carbon stereocenters to enhance potency, selectivity, and other drug-like properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanaji T Talele
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, New York 11439, United States
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17
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Crawford JJ, Lee W, Johnson AR, Delatorre KJ, Chen J, Eigenbrot C, Heidmann J, Kakiuchi-Kiyota S, Katewa A, Kiefer JR, Liu L, Lubach JW, Misner D, Purkey H, Reif K, Vogt J, Wong H, Yu C, Young WB. Stereochemical Differences in Fluorocyclopropyl Amides Enable Tuning of Btk Inhibition and Off-Target Activity. ACS Med Chem Lett 2020; 11:1588-1597. [PMID: 32832028 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.0c00249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Bruton's tyrosine kinase (Btk) is thought to play a pathogenic role in chronic immune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and lupus. While covalent, irreversible Btk inhibitors are approved for treatment of hematologic malignancies, they are not approved for autoimmune indications. In efforts to develop additional series of reversible Btk inhibitors for chronic immune diseases, we sought to differentiate from our clinical stage inhibitor fenebrutinib using cyclopropyl amide isosteres of the 2-aminopyridyl group to occupy the flat, lipophilic H2 pocket. While drug-like properties were retained-and in some cases improved-a safety liability in the form of hERG inhibition was observed. When a fluorocyclopropyl amide was incorporated, Btk and off-target activity was found to be stereodependent and a lead compound was identified in the form of the (R,R)- stereoisomer.
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Affiliation(s)
- James J. Crawford
- Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Wendy Lee
- Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Adam R. Johnson
- Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Kelly J. Delatorre
- Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Jacob Chen
- Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Charles Eigenbrot
- Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Julia Heidmann
- Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | | | - Arna Katewa
- Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - James R. Kiefer
- Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Lichuan Liu
- Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Joseph W. Lubach
- Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Dinah Misner
- Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Hans Purkey
- Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Karin Reif
- Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Jennifer Vogt
- Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Harvey Wong
- Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Christine Yu
- Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Wendy B. Young
- Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
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18
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Naidoo D, Roy A, Kar P, Mutanda T, Anandraj A. Cyanobacterial metabolites as promising drug leads against the M pro and PL pro of SARS-CoV-2: an in silico analysis. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2020; 39:6218-6230. [PMID: 32691680 PMCID: PMC7441779 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2020.1794972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
A novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) has emerged as the causative agent behind the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Treatment efforts have been severely impeded due to the lack of specific effective antiviral drugs for the treatment of COVID-associated pathologies. In the present research endeavour the inhibitory prospects of cyanobacterial metabolites were assessed at the active binding pockets of the two vital SARS-CoV-2 proteases namely, main protease (Mpro) and the papain-like protease (PLpro) that proteolytically process viral polyproteins and facilitate viral replication, employing an in silico molecular interaction-based approach. It was evident from our analysis based on the binding energy scores that the metabolites cylindrospermopsin, deoxycylindrospermopsin, carrageenan, cryptophycin 52, eucapsitrione, tjipanazole, tolyporphin and apratoxin A exhibited promising inhibitory potential against the SARS-CoV-2 Mpro. The compounds cryptophycin 1, cryptophycin 52 and deoxycylindrospermopsin were observed to display encouraging binding energy scores with the PLpro of SARS-CoV-2. Subsequent estimation of physicochemical properties and potential toxicity of the metabolites followed by robust molecular dynamics simulations and analysis of MM-PBSA energy scoring function established deoxycylindrospermopsin as the most promising inhibitory candidate against both SARS-CoV-2 proteases. Present research findings bestow ample scopes to further exploit the potential of deoxycylindrospermopsin as a successful inhibitor of SARS-CoV-2 in vitro and in vivo and pave the foundation for the development of novel effective therapeutics against COVID-19. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma
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Affiliation(s)
- Devashan Naidoo
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Centre for Algal Biotechnology, Mangosuthu University of Technology, Durban, South Africa
| | - Ayan Roy
- Department of Biotechnology, Lovely Professional University, Punjab, India
| | - Pallab Kar
- Department of Botany, Bioinformatics Facility, University of North Bengal, Siliguri, India
| | - Taurai Mutanda
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Centre for Algal Biotechnology, Mangosuthu University of Technology, Durban, South Africa
| | - Akash Anandraj
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Centre for Algal Biotechnology, Mangosuthu University of Technology, Durban, South Africa
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19
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Lorthiois E, Roache J, Barnes-Seeman D, Altmann E, Hassiepen U, Turner G, Duvadie R, Hornak V, Karki RG, Schiering N, Weihofen WA, Perruccio F, Calhoun A, Fazal T, Dedic D, Durand C, Dussauge S, Fettis K, Tritsch F, Dentel C, Druet A, Liu D, Kirman L, Lachal J, Namoto K, Bevan D, Mo R, Monnet G, Muller L, Zessis R, Huang X, Lindsley L, Currie T, Chiu YH, Fridrich C, Delgado P, Wang S, Hollis-Symynkywicz M, Berghausen J, Williams E, Liu H, Liang G, Kim H, Hoffmann P, Hein A, Ramage P, D’Arcy A, Harlfinger S, Renatus M, Ruedisser S, Feldman D, Elliott J, Sedrani R, Maibaum J, Adams CM. Structure-Based Design and Preclinical Characterization of Selective and Orally Bioavailable Factor XIa Inhibitors: Demonstrating the Power of an Integrated S1 Protease Family Approach. J Med Chem 2020; 63:8088-8113. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c00279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Edwige Lorthiois
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Campus, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - James Roache
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - David Barnes-Seeman
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Eva Altmann
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Campus, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ulrich Hassiepen
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Campus, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Gordon Turner
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Rohit Duvadie
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Viktor Hornak
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Rajeshri G. Karki
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Nikolaus Schiering
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Campus, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Wilhelm A. Weihofen
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Francesca Perruccio
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Campus, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Amy Calhoun
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Tanzina Fazal
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Darija Dedic
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Campus, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Corinne Durand
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Campus, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Solene Dussauge
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Campus, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Kamal Fettis
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Campus, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Fabien Tritsch
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Campus, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Celine Dentel
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Campus, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Adelaide Druet
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Campus, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Donglei Liu
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Louise Kirman
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Julie Lachal
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Campus, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Kenji Namoto
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Campus, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Douglas Bevan
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Rose Mo
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Gabriela Monnet
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Campus, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Lionel Muller
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Campus, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Richard Zessis
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Xueming Huang
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Loren Lindsley
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Treeve Currie
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Yu-Hsin Chiu
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Cary Fridrich
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Peter Delgado
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Shuangxi Wang
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | | | - Joerg Berghausen
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Campus, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Eric Williams
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Hong Liu
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Guiqing Liang
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Hyungchul Kim
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Peter Hoffmann
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Andreas Hein
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Campus, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Paul Ramage
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Campus, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Allan D’Arcy
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Campus, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Stefanie Harlfinger
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Campus, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Martin Renatus
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Campus, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Simon Ruedisser
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Campus, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - David Feldman
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, East Hanover, New Jersey 07396, United States
| | - Jason Elliott
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Richard Sedrani
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Campus, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Juergen Maibaum
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Campus, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christopher M. Adams
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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20
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Hefke L, Hiesinger K, Zhu WF, Kramer JS, Proschak E. Computer-Aided Fragment Growing Strategies to Design Dual Inhibitors of Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase and LTA4 Hydrolase. ACS Med Chem Lett 2020; 11:1244-1249. [PMID: 32551007 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.0c00102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Multitarget ligands are interesting candidates for drug discovery and development due to improved safety and efficacy. However, rational design and optimization of multitarget ligands is tedious because affinity optimization for two or more targets has to be performed simultaneously. In this study, we demonstrate that, given a molecular fragment, which binds to two targets of interest, computer-aided fragment growing can be applied to optimize compound potency, relying on either ligand- or structure-derived information. This methodology is applied to the design of dual inhibitors of soluble epoxide hydrolase and leukotriene A4 hydrolase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Hefke
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe-University, Max-von-Laue Strasse 9, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Kerstin Hiesinger
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe-University, Max-von-Laue Strasse 9, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - W. Felix Zhu
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe-University, Max-von-Laue Strasse 9, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Jan S. Kramer
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe-University, Max-von-Laue Strasse 9, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Ewgenij Proschak
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe-University, Max-von-Laue Strasse 9, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany
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21
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Schulze VK, Klar U, Kosemund D, Wengner AM, Siemeister G, Stöckigt D, Neuhaus R, Lienau P, Bader B, Prechtl S, Holton SJ, Briem H, Marquardt T, Schirok H, Jautelat R, Bohlmann R, Nguyen D, Fernández-Montalván AE, Bömer U, Eberspaecher U, Brüning M, Döhr O, Raschke M, Kreft B, Mumberg D, Ziegelbauer K, Brands M, von Nussbaum F, Koppitz M. Treating Cancer by Spindle Assembly Checkpoint Abrogation: Discovery of Two Clinical Candidates, BAY 1161909 and BAY 1217389, Targeting MPS1 Kinase. J Med Chem 2020; 63:8025-8042. [PMID: 32338514 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b02035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Inhibition of monopolar spindle 1 (MPS1) kinase represents a novel approach to cancer treatment: instead of arresting the cell cycle in tumor cells, cells are driven into mitosis irrespective of DNA damage and unattached/misattached chromosomes, resulting in aneuploidy and cell death. Starting points for our optimization efforts with the goal to identify MPS1 inhibitors were two HTS hits from the distinct chemical series "triazolopyridines" and "imidazopyrazines". The major initial issue of the triazolopyridine series was the moderate potency of the HTS hits. The imidazopyrazine series displayed more than 10-fold higher potencies; however, in the early project phase, this series suffered from poor metabolic stability. Here, we outline the evolution of the two hit series to clinical candidates BAY 1161909 and BAY 1217389 and reveal how both clinical candidates bind to the ATP site of MPS1 kinase, while addressing different pockets utilizing different binding interactions, along with their synthesis and preclinical characterization in selected in vivo efficacy models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Volker K Schulze
- Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ulrich Klar
- Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Dirk Kosemund
- Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Antje M Wengner
- Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Gerhard Siemeister
- Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Detlef Stöckigt
- Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Roland Neuhaus
- Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Philip Lienau
- Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Benjamin Bader
- Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefan Prechtl
- Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Simon J Holton
- Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Hans Briem
- Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Tobias Marquardt
- Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, 42113 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Hartmut Schirok
- Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, 42113 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Rolf Jautelat
- Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, 42113 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Rolf Bohlmann
- Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Duy Nguyen
- Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Ulf Bömer
- Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Uwe Eberspaecher
- Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Brüning
- Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Olaf Döhr
- Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Marian Raschke
- Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Bertolt Kreft
- Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Dominik Mumberg
- Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Karl Ziegelbauer
- Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Brands
- Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Franz von Nussbaum
- Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Marcus Koppitz
- Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, 13353 Berlin, Germany
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22
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Multi-target QSAR modelling of chemo-genomic data analysis based on Extreme Learning Machine. Knowl Based Syst 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.knosys.2019.104977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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23
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Wolff B, Jänsch N, Sugiarto WO, Frühschulz S, Lang M, Altintas R, Oehme I, Meyer-Almes FJ. Synthesis and structure activity relationship of 1, 3-benzo-thiazine-2-thiones as selective HDAC8 inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 184:111756. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.111756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Revised: 09/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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24
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Klug DM, Tschiegg L, Diaz R, Rojas-Barros D, Perez-Moreno G, Ceballos G, García-Hernández R, Martinez-Martinez MS, Manzano P, Ruiz LM, Caffrey CR, Gamarro F, Pacanowska DG, Ferrins L, Navarro M, Pollastri MP. Hit-to-Lead Optimization of Benzoxazepinoindazoles As Human African Trypanosomiasis Therapeutics. J Med Chem 2019; 63:2527-2546. [PMID: 31670951 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b01506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Human African trypanosomiasis (HAT) is a neglected tropical disease caused by infection with either of two subspecies of the parasite Trypanosoma brucei. Due to a lack of economic incentive to develop new drugs, current treatments have severe limitations in terms of safety, efficacy, and ease of administration. In an effort to develop new HAT therapeutics, we report the structure-activity relationships around T. brucei for a series of benzoxazepinoindazoles previously identified through a high-throughput screen of human kinase inhibitors, and the subsequent in vivo experiments for HAT. We identified compound 18, which showed an improved kinase selectivity profile and acceptable pharmacokinetic parameters, as a promising lead. Although treatment with 18 cured 60% of mice in a systemic model of HAT, the compound was unable to clear parasitemia in a CNS model of the disease. We also report the results of cross-screening these compounds against T. cruzi, L. donovani, and S. mansoni.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana M Klug
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Laura Tschiegg
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Rosario Diaz
- Instituto de Parasitología y Biomedicina "López-Neyra", Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC), Granada 18016, Spain
| | - Domingo Rojas-Barros
- Instituto de Parasitología y Biomedicina "López-Neyra", Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC), Granada 18016, Spain
| | - Guiomar Perez-Moreno
- Instituto de Parasitología y Biomedicina "López-Neyra", Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC), Granada 18016, Spain
| | - Gloria Ceballos
- Instituto de Parasitología y Biomedicina "López-Neyra", Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC), Granada 18016, Spain
| | - Raquel García-Hernández
- Instituto de Parasitología y Biomedicina "López-Neyra", Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC), Granada 18016, Spain
| | - Maria Santos Martinez-Martinez
- Diseases of the Developing World (DDW), Tres Cantos Medicines Development Campus, GlaxoSmithKline, Tres Cantos 28760, Spain
| | - Pilar Manzano
- Diseases of the Developing World (DDW), Tres Cantos Medicines Development Campus, GlaxoSmithKline, Tres Cantos 28760, Spain
| | - Luis Miguel Ruiz
- Instituto de Parasitología y Biomedicina "López-Neyra", Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC), Granada 18016, Spain
| | - Conor R Caffrey
- Center for Discovery and Innovation in Parasitic Diseases, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Francisco Gamarro
- Instituto de Parasitología y Biomedicina "López-Neyra", Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC), Granada 18016, Spain
| | - Dolores Gonzalez Pacanowska
- Instituto de Parasitología y Biomedicina "López-Neyra", Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC), Granada 18016, Spain
| | - Lori Ferrins
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Miguel Navarro
- Instituto de Parasitología y Biomedicina "López-Neyra", Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC), Granada 18016, Spain
| | - Michael P Pollastri
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
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25
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Geschwindner S, Ulander J. The current impact of water thermodynamics for small-molecule drug discovery. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2019; 14:1221-1225. [DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2019.1664468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Geschwindner
- Structure, Biophysics and Fragment-based Lead Generation, Discovery Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Johan Ulander
- Data Science and Modelling, Pharmaceutical Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
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26
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Evaluation of a class of isatinoids identified from a high-throughput screen of human kinase inhibitors as anti-Sleeping Sickness agents. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2019; 13:e0007129. [PMID: 30735501 PMCID: PMC6383948 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0007129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Revised: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
New treatments are needed for neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) such as Human African trypanosomiasis (HAT), Chagas disease, and schistosomiasis. Through a whole organism high-throughput screening campaign, we previously identified 797 human kinase inhibitors that grouped into 59 structural clusters and showed activity against T. brucei, the causative agent of HAT. We herein report the results of further investigation of one of these clusters consisting of substituted isatin derivatives, focusing on establishing structure-activity and -property relationship scope. We also describe their in vitro absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) properties. For one isatin, NEU-4391, which offered the best activity-property profile, pharmacokinetic parameters were measured in mice. Human African trypanosomiasis (HAT) is a parasitic disease prevalent in sub-Saharan Africa. Current treatments cause severe toxicity, are difficult to administer, and are susceptible to resistance. In order to quickly discover new leads for HAT drug discovery, we screened human kinase inhibitors against Trypanosoma brucei, the parasite that causes HAT, and discovered several hundred compounds that demonstrated antiparasitic activity. In this paper, we present the results of medicinal chemistry follow-up work on a group of compounds known as isatins.
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27
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Kaur J, Soto-Velasquez M, Ding Z, Ghanbarpour A, Lill MA, van Rijn RM, Watts VJ, Flaherty DP. Optimization of a 1,3,4-oxadiazole series for inhibition of Ca 2+/calmodulin-stimulated activity of adenylyl cyclases 1 and 8 for the treatment of chronic pain. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 162:568-585. [PMID: 30472604 PMCID: PMC6310635 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.11.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Revised: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Adenylyl cyclases type 1 (AC1) and 8 (AC8) are group 1 transmembrane adenylyl cyclases (AC) that are stimulated by Ca2+/calmodulin. Studies have shown that mice depleted of AC1 have attenuated inflammatory pain response, while AC1/AC8 double-knockout mice display both attenuated pain response and opioid dependence. Thus, AC1 has emerged as a promising new target for treating chronic pain and opioid abuse. We discovered that the 1,3,4-oxadiazole scaffold inhibits Ca2+/calmodulin-stimulated cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cAMP) production in cells stably expressing either AC1 or AC8. We then carried out structure-activity relationship studies, in which we designed and synthesized 65 analogs, to modulate potency and selectivity versus each AC isoform in cells. Furthermore, molecular docking of the analogs into an AC1 homology model suggests the molecules may bind at the ATP binding site. Finally, a prioritized analog was tested in a mouse model of inflammatory pain and exhibited modest analgesic properties. In summary, our data indicate the 1,3,4-oxadiazoles represent a novel scaffold for the cellular inhibition of Ca2+/calmodulin-stimulated AC1- and AC8 cAMP and warrant further exploration as potential lead compounds for the treatment of chronic inflammatory pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jatinder Kaur
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, 575 Stadium Mall Dr, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Monica Soto-Velasquez
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, 575 Stadium Mall Dr, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Zhong Ding
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, 575 Stadium Mall Dr, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Ahmadreza Ghanbarpour
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, 575 Stadium Mall Dr, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Markus A Lill
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, 575 Stadium Mall Dr, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA; Purdue Institute for Drug Discovery, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA; Purdue Institute for Integrative Neuroscience, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Richard M van Rijn
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, 575 Stadium Mall Dr, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA; Purdue Institute for Drug Discovery, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA; Purdue Institute for Integrative Neuroscience, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Val J Watts
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, 575 Stadium Mall Dr, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA; Purdue Institute for Drug Discovery, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA; Purdue Institute for Integrative Neuroscience, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Daniel P Flaherty
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, 575 Stadium Mall Dr, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA; Purdue Institute for Drug Discovery, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA; Purdue Institute for Integrative Neuroscience, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.
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28
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Hoffer L, Voitovich YV, Raux B, Carrasco K, Muller C, Fedorov AY, Derviaux C, Amouric A, Betzi S, Horvath D, Varnek A, Collette Y, Combes S, Roche P, Morelli X. Integrated Strategy for Lead Optimization Based on Fragment Growing: The Diversity-Oriented-Target-Focused-Synthesis Approach. J Med Chem 2018; 61:5719-5732. [PMID: 29883107 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b00653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Over the past few decades, hit identification has been greatly facilitated by advances in high-throughput and fragment-based screenings. One major hurdle remaining in drug discovery is process automation of hit-to-lead (H2L) optimization. Here, we report a time- and cost-efficient integrated strategy for H2L optimization as well as a partially automated design of potent chemical probes consisting of a focused-chemical-library design and virtual screening coupled with robotic diversity-oriented de novo synthesis and automated in vitro evaluation. The virtual library is generated by combining an activated fragment, corresponding to the substructure binding to the target, with a collection of functionalized building blocks using in silico encoded chemical reactions carefully chosen from a list of one-step organic transformations relevant in medicinal chemistry. The proof of concept was demonstrated using the optimization of bromodomain inhibitors as a test case, leading to the validation of several compounds with improved affinity by several orders of magnitude.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurent Hoffer
- CRCM, CNRS, Inserm, Institut Paoli-Calmettes , Aix-Marseille University , 13009 Marseille , France
| | - Yuliia V Voitovich
- CRCM, CNRS, Inserm, Institut Paoli-Calmettes , Aix-Marseille University , 13009 Marseille , France.,Department of Organic Chemistry , Lobachevsky State University of Nizhni Novgorod , 23 Gagarin Avenue , 603950 Nizhni Novgorod , Russia
| | - Brigitt Raux
- CRCM, CNRS, Inserm, Institut Paoli-Calmettes , Aix-Marseille University , 13009 Marseille , France
| | - Kendall Carrasco
- CRCM, CNRS, Inserm, Institut Paoli-Calmettes , Aix-Marseille University , 13009 Marseille , France
| | - Christophe Muller
- IPC Drug Discovery Platform , Institut Paoli-Calmettes , 232 Boulevard de Sainte-Marguerite , 13009 Marseille , France
| | - Aleksey Y Fedorov
- Department of Organic Chemistry , Lobachevsky State University of Nizhni Novgorod , 23 Gagarin Avenue , 603950 Nizhni Novgorod , Russia
| | - Carine Derviaux
- IPC Drug Discovery Platform , Institut Paoli-Calmettes , 232 Boulevard de Sainte-Marguerite , 13009 Marseille , France
| | - Agnès Amouric
- CRCM, CNRS, Inserm, Institut Paoli-Calmettes , Aix-Marseille University , 13009 Marseille , France.,IPC Drug Discovery Platform , Institut Paoli-Calmettes , 232 Boulevard de Sainte-Marguerite , 13009 Marseille , France
| | - Stéphane Betzi
- CRCM, CNRS, Inserm, Institut Paoli-Calmettes , Aix-Marseille University , 13009 Marseille , France
| | - Dragos Horvath
- Laboratoire de Chemoinformatique, CNRS UMR7140 , 1 rue Blaise Pascal , 67000 Strasbourg , France
| | - Alexandre Varnek
- Laboratoire de Chemoinformatique, CNRS UMR7140 , 1 rue Blaise Pascal , 67000 Strasbourg , France
| | - Yves Collette
- CRCM, CNRS, Inserm, Institut Paoli-Calmettes , Aix-Marseille University , 13009 Marseille , France.,IPC Drug Discovery Platform , Institut Paoli-Calmettes , 232 Boulevard de Sainte-Marguerite , 13009 Marseille , France
| | - Sébastien Combes
- CRCM, CNRS, Inserm, Institut Paoli-Calmettes , Aix-Marseille University , 13009 Marseille , France
| | - Philippe Roche
- CRCM, CNRS, Inserm, Institut Paoli-Calmettes , Aix-Marseille University , 13009 Marseille , France
| | - Xavier Morelli
- CRCM, CNRS, Inserm, Institut Paoli-Calmettes , Aix-Marseille University , 13009 Marseille , France.,IPC Drug Discovery Platform , Institut Paoli-Calmettes , 232 Boulevard de Sainte-Marguerite , 13009 Marseille , France
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29
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Young RJ, Leeson PD. Mapping the Efficiency and Physicochemical Trajectories of Successful Optimizations. J Med Chem 2018; 61:6421-6467. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b00180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Robert J. Young
- GlaxoSmithKline, Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Paul D. Leeson
- Paul Leeson Consulting Ltd., The Malt House, Main Street, Congerstone, Nuneaton, Warwickshire CV13 6LZ, U.K
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30
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Johnson TW, Gallego RA, Edwards MP. Lipophilic Efficiency as an Important Metric in Drug Design. J Med Chem 2018; 61:6401-6420. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b00077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ted W. Johnson
- Oncology Medicinal Chemistry, Pfizer Inc., 10770 Science Center Drive, La Jolla, California 92121, United States
| | - Rebecca A. Gallego
- Oncology Medicinal Chemistry, Pfizer Inc., 10770 Science Center Drive, La Jolla, California 92121, United States
| | - Martin P. Edwards
- Oncology Medicinal Chemistry, Pfizer Inc., 10770 Science Center Drive, La Jolla, California 92121, United States
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Mignani S, Rodrigues J, Tomas H, Jalal R, Singh PP, Majoral JP, Vishwakarma RA. Present drug-likeness filters in medicinal chemistry during the hit and lead optimization process: how far can they be simplified? Drug Discov Today 2018. [DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drudis.2018.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Mignani S, Rodrigues J, Tomas H, Jalal R, Singh PP, Majoral JP, Vishwakarma RA. Present drug-likeness filters in medicinal chemistry during the hit and lead optimization process: how far can they be simplified? Drug Discov Today 2018; 23:605-615. [PMID: 29330127 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2018.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2017] [Revised: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
During the past decade, decreasing the attrition rate of drug development candidates reaching the market has become one of the major challenges in pharmaceutical research and drug development (R&D). To facilitate the decision-making process, and to increase the probability of rapidly finding and developing high-quality compounds, a variety of multiparametric guidelines, also known as rules and ligand efficiency (LE) metrics, have been developed. However, what are the 'best' descriptors and how far can we simplify these drug-likeness prediction tools in terms of the numerous, complex properties that they relate to?
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Affiliation(s)
- Serge Mignani
- Université Paris Descartes, PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS UMR 860, Laboratoire de Chimie et de Biochimie Pharmacologiques et Toxicologique, 45, Rue des Saints Peres, 75006 Paris, France; CQM - Centro de Química da Madeira, MMRG, Universidade da Madeira, Campus da Penteada, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal; Medicinal Chemistry Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (Council of Scientific and Industrial Research), Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India.
| | - João Rodrigues
- CQM - Centro de Química da Madeira, MMRG, Universidade da Madeira, Campus da Penteada, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal; School of Materials Science and Engineering/Center for Nano Energy Materials, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710072, China.
| | - Helena Tomas
- CQM - Centro de Química da Madeira, MMRG, Universidade da Madeira, Campus da Penteada, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal
| | - Rachid Jalal
- Cadi Ayyad University, Sciences and Technics Faculty, BP 549 Marrakech, Morocco
| | - Parvinder Pal Singh
- Medicinal Chemistry Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (Council of Scientific and Industrial Research), Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India.
| | - Jean-Pierre Majoral
- Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination du CNRS, 205 route de Narbonne, BP 44099, 31077 Toulouse Cedex 4, France; Université de Toulouse, UPS, INPT, 31077 Toulouse Cedex 4, France.
| | - Ram A Vishwakarma
- Medicinal Chemistry Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (Council of Scientific and Industrial Research), Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India.
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Optimization of physicochemical properties for 4-anilinoquinazoline inhibitors of trypanosome proliferation. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 141:446-459. [PMID: 29049963 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2017] [Revised: 10/01/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Human African trypanosomiasis (HAT) is a deadly disease in need of new chemotherapeutics that can cross into the central nervous system. We previously reported the discovery of 2 (NEU-617), a small molecule with activity against T. brucei bloodstream proliferation. Further optimization of 2 to improve the physicochemical properties (LogP, LLE, [1], and MPO score) [2] have led us to twelve sub-micromolar compounds, most importantly the headgroup variants 9i and 9j, and the linker variant 18. Although these 3 compounds had reduced potency compared to 2, they all had improved LogP, LLE and MPO scores. Cross-screening these analogs against other protozoan parasites uncovered 9o with potent activity towards T. brucei, T. cruzi and L. major, while four others compounds (17, 18, 21, 26) showed activity towards P. falciparum D6. This reinforces the effectiveness of lead repurposing for the discovery of new protozoan disease therapeutics.
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Patel RD, Kumar SP, Patel CN, Shankar SS, Pandya HA, Solanki HA. Parallel screening of drug-like natural compounds using Caco-2 cell permeability QSAR model with applicability domain, lipophilic ligand efficiency index and shape property: A case study of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitors. J Mol Struct 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2017.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Cavalluzzi MM, Mangiatordi GF, Nicolotti O, Lentini G. Ligand efficiency metrics in drug discovery: the pros and cons from a practical perspective. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2017; 12:1087-1104. [PMID: 28814111 DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2017.1365056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Ligand efficiency metrics are almost universally accepted as a valuable indicator of compound quality and an aid to reduce attrition. Areas covered: In this review, the authors describe ligand efficiency metrics giving a balanced overview on their merits and points of weakness in order to enable the readers to gain an informed opinion. Relevant theoretical breakthroughs and drug-like properties are also illustrated. Several recent exemplary case studies are discussed in order to illustrate the main fields of application of ligand efficiency metrics. Expert opinion: As a medicinal chemist guide, ligand efficiency metrics perform in a context- and chemotype-dependent manner; thus, they should not be used as a magic box. Since the 'big bang' of efficiency metrics occurred more or less ten years ago and the average time to develop a new drug is over the same period, the next few years will give a clearer outlook on the increased rate of success, if any, gained by means of these new intriguing tools.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Orazio Nicolotti
- a Department of Pharmacy - Drug Sciences , University of Bari Aldo Moro , Bari , Italy
| | - Giovanni Lentini
- a Department of Pharmacy - Drug Sciences , University of Bari Aldo Moro , Bari , Italy
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36
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Meyners C, Meyer-Almes FJ. Impact of binding mechanism on selective inhibition of histone deacetylase isoforms. Chem Biol Drug Des 2017; 90:1215-1225. [PMID: 28730718 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.13041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Accepted: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Industrialized drug screening campaigns usually deliver hundreds of compounds that are active on a particular pharmaceutical target. In light of high failure rates of drug candidates due to unforeseeable off-target toxicity, the early identification of the most promising compounds with high potential for target selectivity is an urgent need to improve the quality of lead compounds and lower attrition rates in the drug development process. The reliable prediction of the selectivity of active substances for a target protein is a challenging task. A comprehensive study of the binding kinetics, thermodynamics, and selectivity of chemically related ligands of histone deacetylase (HDAC) like amidohydrolase from Pseudomonas aeruginosa (HDAHpa ) reveals one general binding mechanism for all analyzed compounds consisting of a preceding conformational selection step followed by an optional subsequent induced fit. Depending on the chemical structure, the ligands bind to one or two of at least three protein conformations with different rate constants. Although these kinetic and mechanistic differences hamper the predictability of selectivity for the HDAC inhibitors, we demonstrate that the enthalpy-weighted binding constant KdΔH is a useful metric to predict isoform selectivity of inhibitors against HDAC enzymes and relatively robust toward different but related binding mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Meyners
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Applied Sciences, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Franz-Josef Meyer-Almes
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Applied Sciences, Darmstadt, Germany
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Lorthiois E, Anderson K, Vulpetti A, Rogel O, Cumin F, Ostermann N, Steinbacher S, Mac Sweeney A, Delgado O, Liao SM, Randl S, Rüdisser S, Dussauge S, Fettis K, Kieffer L, de Erkenez A, Yang L, Hartwieg C, Argikar UA, La Bonte LR, Newton R, Kansara V, Flohr S, Hommel U, Jaffee B, Maibaum J. Discovery of Highly Potent and Selective Small-Molecule Reversible Factor D Inhibitors Demonstrating Alternative Complement Pathway Inhibition in Vivo. J Med Chem 2017. [PMID: 28621538 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.7b00425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The highly specific S1 serine protease factor D (FD) plays a central role in the amplification of the complement alternative pathway (AP) of the innate immune system. Genetic associations in humans have implicated AP activation in age-related macular degeneration (AMD), and AP dysfunction predisposes individuals to disorders such as paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) and atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS). The combination of structure-based hit identification and subsequent optimization of the center (S)-proline-based lead 7 has led to the discovery of noncovalent reversible and selective human factor D (FD) inhibitors with drug-like properties. The orally bioavailable compound 2 exerted excellent potency in 50% human whole blood in vitro and blocked AP activity ex vivo after oral administration to monkeys as demonstrated by inhibition of membrane attack complex (MAC) formation. Inhibitor 2 demonstrated sustained oral and ocular efficacy in a model of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced systemic AP activation in mice expressing human FD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edwige Lorthiois
- Novartis Pharma AG, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research , Novartis Campus, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Karen Anderson
- Novartis Pharma AG, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research , Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Anna Vulpetti
- Novartis Pharma AG, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research , Novartis Campus, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Olivier Rogel
- Novartis Pharma AG, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research , Novartis Campus, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Frederic Cumin
- Novartis Pharma AG, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research , Novartis Campus, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nils Ostermann
- Novartis Pharma AG, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research , Novartis Campus, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Aengus Mac Sweeney
- Novartis Pharma AG, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research , Novartis Campus, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Omar Delgado
- Novartis Pharma AG, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research , Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Sha-Mei Liao
- Novartis Pharma AG, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research , Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Stefan Randl
- Novartis Pharma AG, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research , Novartis Campus, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Simon Rüdisser
- Novartis Pharma AG, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research , Novartis Campus, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Solene Dussauge
- Novartis Pharma AG, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research , Novartis Campus, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Kamal Fettis
- Novartis Pharma AG, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research , Novartis Campus, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Laurence Kieffer
- Novartis Pharma AG, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research , Novartis Campus, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Andrea de Erkenez
- Novartis Pharma AG, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research , Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Louis Yang
- Novartis Pharma AG, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research , Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Constanze Hartwieg
- Novartis Pharma AG, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research , Novartis Campus, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Upendra A Argikar
- Novartis Pharma AG, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research , Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Laura R La Bonte
- Novartis Pharma AG, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research , Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Ronald Newton
- Novartis Pharma AG, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research , Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Viral Kansara
- Novartis Pharma AG, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research , Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Stefanie Flohr
- Novartis Pharma AG, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research , Novartis Campus, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ulrich Hommel
- Novartis Pharma AG, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research , Novartis Campus, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Bruce Jaffee
- Novartis Pharma AG, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research , Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Jürgen Maibaum
- Novartis Pharma AG, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research , Novartis Campus, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
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Li C, Wang J, Barton LM, Yu S, Tian M, Peters DS, Kumar M, Yu AW, Johnson KA, Chatterjee AK, Yan M, Baran PS. Decarboxylative borylation. Science 2017; 356:eaam7355. [PMID: 28408721 PMCID: PMC5807063 DOI: 10.1126/science.aam7355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 285] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The widespread use of alkyl boronic acids and esters is frequently hampered by the challenges associated with their preparation. We describe a simple and practical method to rapidly access densely functionalized alkyl boronate esters from abundant carboxylic substituents. This broad-scope nickel-catalyzed reaction uses the same activating principle as amide bond formation to replace a carboxylic acid moiety with a boronate ester. Application to peptides allowed expedient preparations of α-amino boronic acids, often with high stereoselectivity, thereby facilitating synthesis of the alkyl boronic acid drugs Velcade and Ninlaro as well as a boronic acid version of the iconic antibiotic vancomycin. The reaction also enabled the discovery and extensive biological characterization of potent human neutrophil elastase inhibitors, which offer reversible covalent binding properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Li
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute (TSRI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute (TSRI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Lisa M Barton
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute (TSRI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Shan Yu
- Calibr, 11119 North Torrey Pines Road, Suite 100, San Diego, CA 92037, USA
| | - Maoqun Tian
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute (TSRI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - David S Peters
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute (TSRI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Manoj Kumar
- Calibr, 11119 North Torrey Pines Road, Suite 100, San Diego, CA 92037, USA
| | - Antony W Yu
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute (TSRI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Kristen A Johnson
- Calibr, 11119 North Torrey Pines Road, Suite 100, San Diego, CA 92037, USA
| | - Arnab K Chatterjee
- Calibr, 11119 North Torrey Pines Road, Suite 100, San Diego, CA 92037, USA
| | - Ming Yan
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute (TSRI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Phil S Baran
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute (TSRI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
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Johnstone S, Albert JS. Pharmacological property optimization for allosteric ligands: A medicinal chemistry perspective. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2017; 27:2239-2258. [PMID: 28408223 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2017.03.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2016] [Revised: 03/26/2017] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
New strategies to potentially improve drug safety and efficacy emerge with allosteric programs. Biased allosteric modulators can be designed with high subtype selectivity and defined receptor signaling endpoints, however, selecting the most meaningful parameters for optimization can be perplexing. Historically, "potency hunting" at the expense of physicochemical and pharmacokinetic optimization has led to numerous tool compounds with excellent pharmacological properties but no path to drug development. Conversely, extensive physicochemical and pharmacokinetic screening with only post hoc bias and allosteric characterization has led to inefficacious compounds or compounds with on-target toxicities. This field is rapidly evolving with new mechanistic understanding, changes in terminology, and novel opportunities. The intent of this digest is to summarize current understanding and debates within the field. We aim to discuss, from a medicinal chemistry perspective, the parameter choices available to drive SAR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shawn Johnstone
- Department of Chemistry, IntelliSyn Pharma, 7171 Frederick-Banting, Montreal, Quebec H4S 1Z9, Canada.
| | - Jeffrey S Albert
- Department of Chemistry, IntelliSyn Pharma, 7171 Frederick-Banting, Montreal, Quebec H4S 1Z9, Canada; Department of Chemistry, AviSyn Pharma, 4275 Executive Square, Suite 200, La Jolla, CA 92037, United States.
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Kumar M, Kaur T, Sharma A. Role of computational efficiency indices and pose clustering in effective decision making: An example of annulated furanones in Pf-DHFR space. Comput Biol Chem 2017; 67:48-61. [PMID: 28049061 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2016.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2016] [Revised: 11/04/2016] [Accepted: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Claveria-Gimeno R, Vega S, Abian O, Velazquez-Campoy A. A look at ligand binding thermodynamics in drug discovery. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2017; 12:363-377. [DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2017.1297418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Claveria-Gimeno
- Institute of Biocomputation and Physics of Complex Systems (BIFI), IQFR-CSIC-BIFI and GBsC-CSIC-BIFI Joint Units, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto Aragonés de Ciencias de la Salud (IACS), Zaragoza, Spain
- Aragon Institute for Health Research (IIS Aragon), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Sonia Vega
- Institute of Biocomputation and Physics of Complex Systems (BIFI), IQFR-CSIC-BIFI and GBsC-CSIC-BIFI Joint Units, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Olga Abian
- Institute of Biocomputation and Physics of Complex Systems (BIFI), IQFR-CSIC-BIFI and GBsC-CSIC-BIFI Joint Units, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto Aragonés de Ciencias de la Salud (IACS), Zaragoza, Spain
- Aragon Institute for Health Research (IIS Aragon), Zaragoza, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cell Biology, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en el Área Temática de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Adrian Velazquez-Campoy
- Institute of Biocomputation and Physics of Complex Systems (BIFI), IQFR-CSIC-BIFI and GBsC-CSIC-BIFI Joint Units, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Aragon Institute for Health Research (IIS Aragon), Zaragoza, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cell Biology, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en el Área Temática de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Barcelona, Spain
- Fundación ARAID, Government of Aragon, Zaragoza, Spain
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Kleinschek A, Meyners C, Digiorgio E, Brancolini C, Meyer‐Almes F. Potent and Selective Non‐hydroxamate Histone Deacetylase 8 Inhibitors. ChemMedChem 2016; 11:2598-2606. [DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201600528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Kleinschek
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology University of Applied Sciences Schnittspahnstr. 12 64287 Darmstadt Germany
| | - Christian Meyners
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology University of Applied Sciences Schnittspahnstr. 12 64287 Darmstadt Germany
| | - Eros Digiorgio
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Biologiche MATI Center of Excellence Università degli Studi di Udine P.le Kolbe 4 33100 Udine Italy
| | - Claudio Brancolini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Biologiche MATI Center of Excellence Università degli Studi di Udine P.le Kolbe 4 33100 Udine Italy
| | - Franz‐Josef Meyer‐Almes
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology University of Applied Sciences Schnittspahnstr. 12 64287 Darmstadt Germany
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44
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Schön A, Freire E. Enthalpy screen of drug candidates. Anal Biochem 2016; 513:1-6. [PMID: 27567994 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2016.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2016] [Revised: 08/09/2016] [Accepted: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The enthalpic and entropic contributions to the binding affinity of drug candidates have been acknowledged to be important determinants of the quality of a drug molecule. These quantities, usually summarized in the thermodynamic signature, provide a rapid assessment of the forces that drive the binding of a ligand. Having access to the thermodynamic signature in the early stages of the drug discovery process will provide critical information towards the selection of the best drug candidates for development. In this paper, the Enthalpy Screen technique is presented. The enthalpy screen allows fast and accurate determination of the binding enthalpy for hundreds of ligands. As such, it appears to be ideally suited to aid in the ranking of the hundreds of hits that are usually identified after standard high throughput screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arne Schön
- Department of Biology, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Ernesto Freire
- Department of Biology, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.
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45
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Leeson PD. Molecular inflation, attrition and the rule of five. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2016; 101:22-33. [PMID: 26836397 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2016.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2015] [Revised: 01/12/2016] [Accepted: 01/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Physicochemical properties underlie all aspects of drug action and are critical for solubility, permeability and successful formulation. Specific physicochemical properties shown to be relevant to oral drugs are size, lipophilicity, ionisation, hydrogen bonding, polarity, aromaticity and shape. The rule of 5 (Ro5) and subsequent studies have raised awareness of the importance of compound quality amongst bioactive molecules. Lipophilicity, probably the most important physical property of oral drugs, has on average changed little over time in oral drugs, until increases in drugs published after 1990. In contrast other molecular properties such as average size have increased significantly. Factors influencing property inflation include the targets pursued, where antivirals frequently violate the Ro5, risk/benefit considerations, and variable drug discovery practices. The compounds published in patents from the pharmaceutical industry are on average larger, more lipophilic and less complex than marketed oral drugs. The variation between individual companies' patented compounds is due to different practices and not to the targets pursued. Overall, there is demonstrable physical property attrition in moving from patents to candidate drugs to marketed drugs. The pharmaceutical industry's recent poor productivity has been due, in part, to progression of molecules that are unable to unambiguously test clinical efficacy, and attrition can therefore be improved by ensuring candidate drug quality is 'fit for purpose.' The combined ligand efficiency (LE) and lipophilic ligand efficiency (LLE) values of many marketed drugs are optimised relative to other molecules acting at the same target. Application of LLE in optimisation can help identify improved leads, even with challenging targets that seem to require lipophilic ligands. Because of their targets, some projects may need to pursue 'beyond Ro5' physicochemical space; such projects will require non-standard lead generation and optimisation and should not dominate in a well-balanced portfolio. Compound quality is controllable by lead selection and optimisation and should not be a cause of clinical failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul D Leeson
- Paul Leeson Consulting Ltd, The Malt House, Main Street, Congerstone, Nuneaton, Warks CV13 6LZ, UK.
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46
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47
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Taylor AM, Côté A, Hewitt MC, Pastor R, Leblanc Y, Nasveschuk CG, Romero FA, Crawford T, Cantone N, Jayaram H, Setser J, Murray J, Beresini MH, de Leon
Boenig G, Chen Z, Conery A, Cummings RT, Dakin LA, Flynn EM, Huang OW, Kaufman S, Keller PJ, Kiefer JR, Lai T, Li Y, Liao J, Liu W, Lu H, Pardo E, Tsui V, Wang J, Wang Y, Xu Z, Yan F, Yu D, Zawadzke L, Zhu X, Zhu X, Sims RJ, Cochran AG, Bellon S, Audia J, Magnuson S, Albrecht BK. Fragment-Based Discovery of a Selective and Cell-Active Benzodiazepinone CBP/EP300 Bromodomain Inhibitor (CPI-637). ACS Med Chem Lett 2016; 7:531-6. [PMID: 27190605 PMCID: PMC4867486 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.6b00075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2016] [Accepted: 03/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
CBP and EP300 are highly homologous, bromodomain-containing transcription coactivators involved in numerous cellular pathways relevant to oncology. As part of our effort to explore the potential therapeutic implications of selectively targeting bromodomains, we set out to identify a CBP/EP300 bromodomain inhibitor that was potent both in vitro and in cellular target engagement assays and was selective over the other members of the bromodomain family. Reported here is a series of cell-potent and selective probes of the CBP/EP300 bromodomains, derived from the fragment screening hit 4-methyl-1,3,4,5-tetrahydro-2H-benzo[b][1,4]diazepin-2-one.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander M. Taylor
- Constellation
Pharmaceuticals, 215
First Street, Suite 200, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
| | - Alexandre Côté
- Constellation
Pharmaceuticals, 215
First Street, Suite 200, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
| | - Michael C. Hewitt
- Constellation
Pharmaceuticals, 215
First Street, Suite 200, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
| | - Richard Pastor
- Genentech,
Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Yves Leblanc
- Constellation
Pharmaceuticals, 215
First Street, Suite 200, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
| | - Christopher G. Nasveschuk
- Constellation
Pharmaceuticals, 215
First Street, Suite 200, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
| | - F. Anthony Romero
- Genentech,
Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Terry
D. Crawford
- Genentech,
Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Nico Cantone
- Constellation
Pharmaceuticals, 215
First Street, Suite 200, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
| | - Hariharan Jayaram
- Constellation
Pharmaceuticals, 215
First Street, Suite 200, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
| | - Jeremy Setser
- Constellation
Pharmaceuticals, 215
First Street, Suite 200, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
| | - Jeremy Murray
- Genentech,
Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Maureen H. Beresini
- Genentech,
Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | | | - Zhongguo Chen
- Wuxi
AppTec Co., Ltd., 288
Fute Zhong Road, Waigaoqiao Free Trade Zone, Shanghai 200131, People’s
Republic of China
| | - Andrew
R. Conery
- Constellation
Pharmaceuticals, 215
First Street, Suite 200, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
| | - Richard T. Cummings
- Constellation
Pharmaceuticals, 215
First Street, Suite 200, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
| | - Leslie A. Dakin
- Constellation
Pharmaceuticals, 215
First Street, Suite 200, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
| | - E. Megan Flynn
- Genentech,
Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Oscar W. Huang
- Genentech,
Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Susan Kaufman
- Genentech,
Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Patricia J. Keller
- Constellation
Pharmaceuticals, 215
First Street, Suite 200, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
| | - James R. Kiefer
- Genentech,
Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Tommy Lai
- Wuxi
AppTec Co., Ltd., 288
Fute Zhong Road, Waigaoqiao Free Trade Zone, Shanghai 200131, People’s
Republic of China
| | - Yingjie Li
- Wuxi
AppTec Co., Ltd., 288
Fute Zhong Road, Waigaoqiao Free Trade Zone, Shanghai 200131, People’s
Republic of China
| | - Jiangpeng Liao
- Wuxi
AppTec Co., Ltd., 288
Fute Zhong Road, Waigaoqiao Free Trade Zone, Shanghai 200131, People’s
Republic of China
| | - Wenfeng Liu
- Wuxi
AppTec Co., Ltd., 288
Fute Zhong Road, Waigaoqiao Free Trade Zone, Shanghai 200131, People’s
Republic of China
| | - Henry Lu
- Wuxi
AppTec Co., Ltd., 288
Fute Zhong Road, Waigaoqiao Free Trade Zone, Shanghai 200131, People’s
Republic of China
| | - Eneida Pardo
- Constellation
Pharmaceuticals, 215
First Street, Suite 200, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
| | - Vickie Tsui
- Genentech,
Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Jian Wang
- Wuxi
AppTec Co., Ltd., 288
Fute Zhong Road, Waigaoqiao Free Trade Zone, Shanghai 200131, People’s
Republic of China
| | - Yongyun Wang
- Wuxi
AppTec Co., Ltd., 288
Fute Zhong Road, Waigaoqiao Free Trade Zone, Shanghai 200131, People’s
Republic of China
| | - Zhaowu Xu
- Wuxi
AppTec Co., Ltd., 288
Fute Zhong Road, Waigaoqiao Free Trade Zone, Shanghai 200131, People’s
Republic of China
| | - Fen Yan
- Wuxi
AppTec Co., Ltd., 288
Fute Zhong Road, Waigaoqiao Free Trade Zone, Shanghai 200131, People’s
Republic of China
| | - Dong Yu
- Wuxi
AppTec Co., Ltd., 288
Fute Zhong Road, Waigaoqiao Free Trade Zone, Shanghai 200131, People’s
Republic of China
| | - Laura Zawadzke
- Constellation
Pharmaceuticals, 215
First Street, Suite 200, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
| | - Xiaoqin Zhu
- Wuxi
AppTec Co., Ltd., 288
Fute Zhong Road, Waigaoqiao Free Trade Zone, Shanghai 200131, People’s
Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhu
- Wuxi
AppTec Co., Ltd., 288
Fute Zhong Road, Waigaoqiao Free Trade Zone, Shanghai 200131, People’s
Republic of China
| | - Robert J. Sims
- Constellation
Pharmaceuticals, 215
First Street, Suite 200, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
| | - Andrea G. Cochran
- Genentech,
Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Steve Bellon
- Constellation
Pharmaceuticals, 215
First Street, Suite 200, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
| | - James
E. Audia
- Constellation
Pharmaceuticals, 215
First Street, Suite 200, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
| | - Steven Magnuson
- Genentech,
Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Brian K. Albrecht
- Constellation
Pharmaceuticals, 215
First Street, Suite 200, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
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48
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Haile PA, Votta BJ, Marquis RW, Bury MJ, Mehlmann JF, Singhaus R, Charnley AK, Lakdawala AS, Convery MA, Lipshutz DB, Desai BM, Swift B, Capriotti CA, Berger SB, Mahajan MK, Reilly MA, Rivera EJ, Sun HH, Nagilla R, Beal AM, Finger JN, Cook MN, King BW, Ouellette MT, Totoritis RD, Pierdomenico M, Negroni A, Stronati L, Cucchiara S, Ziółkowski B, Vossenkämper A, MacDonald TT, Gough PJ, Bertin J, Casillas LN. The Identification and Pharmacological Characterization of 6-(tert-Butylsulfonyl)-N-(5-fluoro-1H-indazol-3-yl)quinolin-4-amine (GSK583), a Highly Potent and Selective Inhibitor of RIP2 Kinase. J Med Chem 2016; 59:4867-80. [PMID: 27109867 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.6b00211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
RIP2 kinase is a central component of the innate immune system and enables downstream signaling following activation of the pattern recognition receptors NOD1 and NOD2, leading to the production of inflammatory cytokines. Recently, several inhibitors of RIP2 kinase have been disclosed that have contributed to the fundamental understanding of the role of RIP2 in this pathway. However, because they lack either broad kinase selectivity or strong affinity for RIP2, these tools have only limited utility to assess the role of RIP2 in complex environments. We present, herein, the discovery and pharmacological characterization of GSK583, a next-generation RIP2 inhibitor possessing exquisite selectivity and potency. Having demonstrated the pharmacological precision of this tool compound, we report its use in elucidating the role of RIP2 kinase in a variety of in vitro, in vivo, and ex vivo experiments, further clarifying our understanding of the role of RIP2 in NOD1 and NOD2 mediated disease pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Máire A Convery
- Platform Technology and Science, GlaxoSmithKline, Medicines Research Centre , Stevenage, SG1 2NY, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Maria Pierdomenico
- Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development (ENEA) , 00196 Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Negroni
- Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development (ENEA) , 00196 Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Stronati
- Department of Cellular Biotechnology and Hematology, Sapienza University Hospital Umberto I , 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Salvatore Cucchiara
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Gastroenterology and Liver Unit, Sapienza University Hospital Umberto I , 00161 Rome, Italy
| | | | - Anna Vossenkämper
- Centre for Immunobiology, Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London , E1 2AD London, U.K
| | - Thomas T MacDonald
- Centre for Immunobiology, Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London , E1 2AD London, U.K
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49
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Navarrete-Vázquez G, Austrich-Olivares A, Godínez-Chaparro B, Hidalgo-Figueroa S, Estrada-Soto S, Hernández-Núñez E, Torres-Gómez H, Schepmann D, Wünsch B. Discovery of 2-(3,4-dichlorophenoxy)-N-(2-morpholin-4-ylethyl)acetamide: A selective σ1 receptor ligand with antinociceptive effect. Biomed Pharmacother 2016; 79:284-93. [PMID: 27044839 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.02.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Revised: 02/22/2016] [Accepted: 02/23/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Compound 2-(3,4-dichlorophenoxy)-N-(2-morpholin-4-ylethyl)acetamide (1) was designed, prepared and the in vitro binding evaluation against σ1 and σ2 receptors was measured. Compound 1 showed high σ1 receptor affinity (Ki=42 nM) and it was 36-times more selective for σ1 than σ2 receptor. Also, it was performed a molecular docking of compound 1 into the ligand binding pocket homology model of σ1 receptor, showing a salt bridge between the ionized morpholine ring and Asp126, as well as important short contacts with residues Tyr120, His154 and Trp164. Ligand efficiency indexes and predicted toxicity analysis revealed an excellent intrinsic quality of 1. The antinociceptive effect of compound 1 was determined using the formalin test. The ipsilateral local peripheral (10-300 μg/paw) and intrathecal (100 μg/rat) administration of 1 produced a reduction in formalin-induced nociception. The in vivo results indicated that 1 may be effective in treating inflammatory pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Navarrete-Vázquez
- Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62209, Mexico, Mexico.
| | - Amaya Austrich-Olivares
- Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62209, Mexico, Mexico
| | - Beatriz Godínez-Chaparro
- Departamento de Sistemas Biológicos, División de Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Xochimilco, México D.F., 04960, Mexico, Mexico
| | - Sergio Hidalgo-Figueroa
- Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62209, Mexico, Mexico
| | - Samuel Estrada-Soto
- Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62209, Mexico, Mexico
| | - Emanuel Hernández-Núñez
- Cátedra CONACyT, Departamento de Recursos del Mar, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Unidad Mérida, 97310 Yucatán, Mexico, Mexico
| | - Héctor Torres-Gómez
- Institute for Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Zürich University of Applied Sciences, 8820 Wädenswil, Switzerland, Switzerland; Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der Westfälischen Wilhelms-Universität Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany, Germany
| | - Dirk Schepmann
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der Westfälischen Wilhelms-Universität Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany, Germany
| | - Bernhard Wünsch
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der Westfälischen Wilhelms-Universität Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany, Germany
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50
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Han W, Ding Y, Xu Y, Pfister K, Zhu S, Warne B, Doyle M, Aikawa M, Amiri P, Appleton B, Stuart DD, Fanidi A, Shafer CM. Discovery of a Selective and Potent Inhibitor of Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase-Interacting Kinases 1 and 2 (MNK1/2) Utilizing Structure-Based Drug Design. J Med Chem 2016; 59:3034-45. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b01657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wooseok Han
- Global
Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, 4560 Horton Street, Emeryville, California 94608, United States
| | - Yu Ding
- Global
Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, 4560 Horton Street, Emeryville, California 94608, United States
| | - Yongjin Xu
- Global
Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, 4560 Horton Street, Emeryville, California 94608, United States
| | - Keith Pfister
- Global
Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, 4560 Horton Street, Emeryville, California 94608, United States
| | - Shejin Zhu
- Global
Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, 4560 Horton Street, Emeryville, California 94608, United States
| | - Bob Warne
- Oncology, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, 4560 Horton Street, Emeryville, California 94608, United States
| | - Mike Doyle
- Oncology, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, 4560 Horton Street, Emeryville, California 94608, United States
| | - Mina Aikawa
- Oncology, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, 4560 Horton Street, Emeryville, California 94608, United States
| | - Payman Amiri
- Oncology, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, 4560 Horton Street, Emeryville, California 94608, United States
| | - Brent Appleton
- Global
Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, 4560 Horton Street, Emeryville, California 94608, United States
| | - Darrin D. Stuart
- Oncology, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, 4560 Horton Street, Emeryville, California 94608, United States
| | - Abdallah Fanidi
- Oncology, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, 4560 Horton Street, Emeryville, California 94608, United States
| | - Cynthia M. Shafer
- Global
Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, 4560 Horton Street, Emeryville, California 94608, United States
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