1
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Cai W, Lian L, Li A, Zhang Q, Li M, Zhang J, Xie Y. Cardiac resident macrophages: The core of cardiac immune homeostasis. Cell Signal 2024; 119:111169. [PMID: 38599440 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2024.111169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Cardiac resident macrophages (CRMs) are essential in maintaining the balance of the immune homeostasis in the heart. One of the main factors in the progression of cardiovascular diseases, such as myocarditis, myocardial infarction(MI), and heart failure(HF), is the imbalance in the regulatory mechanisms of CRMs. Recent studies have reported novel heterogeneity and spatiotemporal complexity of CRMs, and their role in maintaining cardiac immune homeostasis and treating cardiovascular diseases. In this review, we focus on the functions of CRMs, including immune surveillance, immune phagocytosis, and immune metabolism, and explore the impact of CRM's homeostasis imbalance on cardiac injury and cardiac repair. We also discuss the therapeutic approaches linked to CRMs. The immunomodulatory strategies targeting CRMs may be a therapeutic approach for the treatment of cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhui Cai
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300183, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin 300193, China; Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Lu Lian
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300183, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin 300193, China; Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Aolin Li
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300183, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin 300193, China; Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Qianqian Zhang
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Mengmeng Li
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Junping Zhang
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300183, China.
| | - YingYu Xie
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China.
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2
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Shan W, Cui J, Song Y, Yan D, Feng L, Jian Y, Yi W, Sun Y. Itaconate as a key player in cardiovascular immunometabolism. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 219:64-75. [PMID: 38604314 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2024.04.218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of death globally, resulting in a major health burden. Thus, an urgent need exists for exploring effective therapeutic targets to block progression of CVDs and improve patient prognoses. Immune and inflammatory responses are involved in the development of atherosclerosis, ischemic myocardial damage responses and repair, calcification, and stenosis of the aortic valve. These responses can involve both large and small blood vessels throughout the body, leading to increased blood pressure and end-organ damage. While exploring potential avenues for therapeutic intervention in CVDs, researchers have begun to focus on immune metabolism, where metabolic changes that occur in immune cells in response to exogenous or endogenous stimuli can influence immune cell effector responses and local immune signaling. Itaconate, an intermediate metabolite of the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, is related to pathophysiological processes, including cellular metabolism, oxidative stress, and inflammatory immune responses. The expression of immune response gene 1 (IRG1) is upregulated in activated macrophages, and this gene encodes an enzyme that catalyzes the production of itaconate from the TCA cycle intermediate, cis-aconitate. Itaconate and its derivatives have exerted cardioprotective effects through immune modulation in various disease models, such as ischemic heart disease, valvular heart disease, vascular disease, heart transplantation, and chemotherapy drug-induced cardiotoxicity, implying their therapeutic potential in CVDs. In this review, we delve into the associated signaling pathways through which itaconate exerts immunomodulatory effects, summarize its specific roles in CVDs, and explore emerging immunological therapeutic strategies for managing CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenju Shan
- Department of Geriatrics, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jun Cui
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yujie Song
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Dongxu Yan
- Department of Geriatrics, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Linqi Feng
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yuhong Jian
- Department of General Medicine, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wei Yi
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Yang Sun
- Department of Geriatrics, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
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3
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Groen E, Mummery CL, Yiangou L, Davis RP. Three-dimensional cardiac models: a pre-clinical testing platform. Biochem Soc Trans 2024; 52:1045-1059. [PMID: 38778769 DOI: 10.1042/bst20230444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Major advancements in human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC) technology over recent years have yielded valuable tools for cardiovascular research. Multi-cell type 3-dimensional (3D) cardiac models in particular, are providing complementary approaches to animal studies that are better representatives than simple 2-dimensional (2D) cultures of differentiated hPSCs. These human 3D cardiac models can be broadly divided into two categories; namely those generated through aggregating pre-differentiated cells and those that form self-organizing structures during their in vitro differentiation from hPSCs. These models can either replicate aspects of cardiac development or enable the examination of interactions among constituent cell types, with some of these models showing increased maturity compared with 2D systems. Both groups have already emerged as physiologically relevant pre-clinical platforms for studying heart disease mechanisms, exhibiting key functional attributes of the human heart. In this review, we describe the different cardiac organoid models derived from hPSCs, their generation methods, applications in cardiovascular disease research and use in drug screening. We also address their current limitations and challenges as pre-clinical testing platforms and propose potential improvements to enhance their efficacy in cardiac drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eline Groen
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Christine L Mummery
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Stem Cell Medicine (reNEW), Leiden University Medical Center, 2300RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Loukia Yiangou
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Richard P Davis
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Stem Cell Medicine (reNEW), Leiden University Medical Center, 2300RC Leiden, The Netherlands
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4
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Fan Z, Karakone M, Nagarajan S, Nagy N, Mildenberger W, Petrova E, Hinte LC, Bijnen M, Häne P, Nelius E, Chen J, Ferapontova I, von Meyenn F, Trepiccione F, Berber M, Ribas DP, Eichmann A, Zennaro MC, Takeda N, Fischer JW, Spyroglou A, Reincke M, Beuschlein F, Loffing J, Greter M, Stockmann C. Macrophages preserve endothelial cell specialization in the adrenal gland to modulate aldosterone secretion and blood pressure. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114395. [PMID: 38941187 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Macrophages play crucial roles in organ-specific functions and homeostasis. In the adrenal gland, macrophages closely associate with sinusoidal capillaries in the aldosterone-producing zona glomerulosa. We demonstrate that macrophages preserve capillary specialization and modulate aldosterone secretion. Using macrophage-specific deletion of VEGF-A, single-cell transcriptomics, and functional phenotyping, we found that the loss of VEGF-A depletes PLVAP+ fenestrated endothelial cells in the zona glomerulosa, leading to increased basement membrane collagen IV deposition and subendothelial fibrosis. This results in increased aldosterone secretion, called "haptosecretagogue" signaling. Human aldosterone-producing adenomas also show capillary rarefaction and basement membrane thickening. Mice with myeloid cell-specific VEGF-A deletion exhibit elevated serum aldosterone, hypokalemia, and hypertension, mimicking primary aldosteronism. These findings underscore macrophage-to-endothelial cell signaling as essential for endothelial cell specialization, adrenal gland function, and blood pressure regulation, with broader implications for other endocrine organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Fan
- University of Zurich, Institute of Anatomy, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Mara Karakone
- University of Zurich, Institute of Anatomy, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Nadine Nagy
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Wiebke Mildenberger
- University of Zurich, Institute for Experimental Immunology, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ekaterina Petrova
- University of Zurich, Institute for Experimental Immunology, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Laura Catharina Hinte
- Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolic Epigenetics, Institute for Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Mitchell Bijnen
- University of Zurich, Institute for Experimental Immunology, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Philipp Häne
- University of Zurich, Institute for Experimental Immunology, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Eric Nelius
- University of Zurich, Institute of Anatomy, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jing Chen
- University of Zurich, Institute of Anatomy, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Irina Ferapontova
- University of Zurich, Institute of Anatomy, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ferdinand von Meyenn
- Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolic Epigenetics, Institute for Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Francesco Trepiccione
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Mesut Berber
- University of Zurich, Institute of Anatomy, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - David Penton Ribas
- Electrophysiology Facility (e-phac), Department of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zurich (UZH), 8057 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Anne Eichmann
- Cardiovascular Research Center and Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | | | - Norihiko Takeda
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jens W Fischer
- Institute of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Ariadni Spyroglou
- Klinik für Endokrinologie, Diabetologie, und Klinische Ernährung, UniversitätsSpital Zürich (USZ) and UZH, Raemistrasse 100, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland; Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | - Martin Reincke
- Klinik für Endokrinologie, Diabetologie, und Klinische Ernährung, UniversitätsSpital Zürich (USZ) and UZH, Raemistrasse 100, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Felix Beuschlein
- Klinik für Endokrinologie, Diabetologie, und Klinische Ernährung, UniversitätsSpital Zürich (USZ) and UZH, Raemistrasse 100, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland; Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | - Johannes Loffing
- University of Zurich, Institute of Anatomy, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Melanie Greter
- University of Zurich, Institute for Experimental Immunology, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Christian Stockmann
- University of Zurich, Institute of Anatomy, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland; INSERM U970, Paris Cardiovascular Research Center, Paris, France.
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5
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Lock RI, Graney PL, Tavakol DN, Nash TR, Kim Y, Sanchez E, Morsink M, Ning D, Chen C, Fleischer S, Baldassarri I, Vunjak-Novakovic G. Macrophages enhance contractile force in iPSC-derived human engineered cardiac tissue. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114302. [PMID: 38824644 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Resident cardiac macrophages are critical mediators of cardiac function. Despite their known importance to cardiac electrophysiology and tissue maintenance, there are currently no stem-cell-derived models of human engineered cardiac tissues (hECTs) that include resident macrophages. In this study, we made an induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived hECT model with a resident population of macrophages (iM0) to better recapitulate the native myocardium and characterized their impact on tissue function. Macrophage retention within the hECTs was confirmed via immunofluorescence after 28 days of cultivation. The inclusion of iM0s significantly impacted hECT function, increasing contractile force production. A potential mechanism underlying these changes was revealed by the interrogation of calcium signaling, which demonstrated the modulation of β-adrenergic signaling in +iM0 hECTs. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that macrophages significantly enhance cardiac function in iPSC-derived hECT models, emphasizing the need to further explore their contributions not only in healthy hECT models but also in the contexts of disease and injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta I Lock
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Pamela L Graney
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | | | - Trevor R Nash
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Youngbin Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Eloy Sanchez
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Margaretha Morsink
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Derek Ning
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Connie Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Sharon Fleischer
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Ilaria Baldassarri
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Gordana Vunjak-Novakovic
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA; Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA; College of Dental Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA.
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6
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Miao J, Zhang K, Yang Y, Xu S, Du J, Wu T, Tao C, Wang Y, Yang S. Single-nucleus transcriptomics reveal cardiac cell type-specific diversification in metabolic disease transgenic pigs. iScience 2024; 27:110015. [PMID: 38868189 PMCID: PMC11166884 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.110015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiac damage is widely present in patients with metabolic diseases, but the exact pathophysiological mechanisms involved remain unclear. The porcine heart is an ideal material for cardiovascular research due to its similarities to the human heart. This study evaluated pathological features and performed single-nucleus RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq) on myocardial samples from both wild-type and metabolic disease-susceptible transgenic pigs (previously established). We found that transgenic pigs exhibited lipid metabolism disturbances and myocardial injury after a high-fat high-sucrose diet intervention. snRNA-seq reveals the cellular landscape of healthy and metabolically disturbed pig hearts and identifies the major cardiac cell populations affected by metabolic diseases. Within metabolic disorder hearts, metabolically active cardiomyocytes exhibited impaired function and reduced abundance. Moreover, massive numbers of reparative LYVE1+ macrophages were lost. Additionally, proinflammatory endothelial cells were activated with high expression of multiple proinflammatory cytokines. Our findings provide insights into the cellular mechanisms of metabolic disease-induced myocardial injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiakun Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing 100193, China
| | - Kaiyi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing 100193, China
| | - Shuang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing 100193, China
| | - Juan Du
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing 100193, China
| | - Tianwen Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing 100193, China
| | - Cong Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yanfang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing 100193, China
| | - Shulin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing 100193, China
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7
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Landau S, Zhao Y, Hamidzada H, Kent GM, Okhovatian S, Lu RXZ, Liu C, Wagner KT, Cheung K, Shawky SA, Vosoughi D, Beroncal EL, Fernandes I, Cummins CL, Andreazza AC, Keller GM, Epelman S, Radisic M. Primitive macrophages enable long-term vascularization of human heart-on-a-chip platforms. Cell Stem Cell 2024:S1934-5909(24)00208-X. [PMID: 38908380 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2024.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
The intricate anatomical structure and high cellular density of the myocardium complicate the bioengineering of perfusable vascular networks within cardiac tissues. In vivo neonatal studies highlight the key role of resident cardiac macrophages in post-injury regeneration and angiogenesis. Here, we integrate human pluripotent stem-cell-derived primitive yolk-sac-like macrophages within vascularized heart-on-chip platforms. Macrophage incorporation profoundly impacted the functionality and perfusability of microvascularized cardiac tissues up to 2 weeks of culture. Macrophages mitigated tissue cytotoxicity and the release of cell-free mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), while upregulating the secretion of pro-angiogenic, matrix remodeling, and cardioprotective cytokines. Bulk RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) revealed an upregulation of cardiac maturation and angiogenesis genes. Further, single-nuclei RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq) and secretome data suggest that macrophages may prime stromal cells for vascular development by inducing insulin like growth factor binding protein 7 (IGFBP7) and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) expression. Our results underscore the vital role of primitive macrophages in the long-term vascularization of cardiac tissues, offering insights for therapy and advancing heart-on-a-chip technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shira Landau
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Yimu Zhao
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Homaira Hamidzada
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada; Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, Translational Biology and Engineering Program, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Gregory M Kent
- McEwen Stem Cell Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sargol Okhovatian
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Rick Xing Ze Lu
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Chuan Liu
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Karl T Wagner
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Krisco Cheung
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sarah A Shawky
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Daniel Vosoughi
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada; Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Erika Leigh Beroncal
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ian Fernandes
- McEwen Stem Cell Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Carolyn L Cummins
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Banting and Best Diabetes Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada; The Heart and Stroke Richard Lewar Centre of Excellence in Cardiovascular Research, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ana C Andreazza
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Gordon M Keller
- McEwen Stem Cell Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Slava Epelman
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada; Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, Translational Biology and Engineering Program, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Peter Munk Cardiac Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| | - Milica Radisic
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Terrence Donnelly Centre for Cellular & Biomolecular Research, 160 College St, Toronto, ON M5S 3E1, Canada.
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8
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Chelu A, Cartwright EJ, Dobrzynski H. Empowering artificial intelligence in characterizing the human primary pacemaker of the heart at single cell resolution. Sci Rep 2024; 14:14041. [PMID: 38890395 PMCID: PMC11189420 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-63542-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
The sinus node (SN) serves as the primary pacemaker of the heart and is the first component of the cardiac conduction system. Due to its anatomical properties and sample scarcity, the cellular composition of the human SN has been historically challenging to study. Here, we employed a novel deep learning deconvolution method, namely Bulk2space, to characterise the cellular heterogeneity of the human SN using existing single-cell datasets of non-human species. As a proof of principle, we used Bulk2Space to profile the cells of the bulk human right atrium using publicly available mouse scRNA-Seq data as a reference. 18 human cell populations were identified, with cardiac myocytes being the most abundant. Each identified cell population correlated to its published experimental counterpart. Subsequently, we applied the deconvolution to the bulk transcriptome of the human SN and identified 11 cell populations, including a population of pacemaker cardiomyocytes expressing pacemaking ion channels (HCN1, HCN4, CACNA1D) and transcription factors (SHOX2 and TBX3). The connective tissue of the SN was characterised by adipocyte and fibroblast populations, as well as key immune cells. Our work unravelled the unique single cell composition of the human SN by leveraging the power of a novel machine learning method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandru Chelu
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK.
| | - Elizabeth J Cartwright
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Halina Dobrzynski
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
- Department of Anatomy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-008, Kraków, Poland
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9
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Wei J, Peng MY, Lu HX. Functional transformation of macrophage mitochondria in cardiovascular diseases. Mol Cell Biochem 2024:10.1007/s11010-024-05049-2. [PMID: 38884847 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-024-05049-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondria are pivotal in the modulation of macrophage activation, differentiation, and survival. Furthermore, macrophages are instrumental in the onset and progression of cardiovascular diseases. Hence, it is imperative to investigate the role of mitochondria within macrophages in the context of cardiovascular disease. In this review, we provide an updated description of the origin and classification of cardiac macrophages and also focused on the relationship between macrophages and mitochondria in cardiovascular diseases with respect to (1) proinflammatory or anti-inflammatory macrophages, (2) macrophage apoptosis, (3) macrophage pyroptosis, and (4) macrophage efferocytosis. Clarifying the relationship between mitochondria and macrophages can aid the exploration of novel therapeutic strategies for cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wei
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjng Medical University, Nanjing, 211100, China
| | - Ming-Yu Peng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Jiangning Hospital Affiliated to Nanjng Medical University, Nanjing, 211100, China
| | - Hong-Xiang Lu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Jiangning Hospital Affiliated to Nanjng Medical University, Nanjing, 211100, China.
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjng Medical University, Nanjing, 211100, China.
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10
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Niskala A, Heijman J, Dobrev D, Jespersen T, Saljic A. Targeting the NLRP3 inflammasome signalling for the management of atrial fibrillation. Br J Pharmacol 2024. [PMID: 38877789 DOI: 10.1111/bph.16470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory signalling via the nod-like receptor (NLR) family pyrin domain-containing protein-3 (NLRP3) inflammasome has recently been implicated in the pathophysiology of atrial fibrillation (AF). However, the precise role of the NLRP3 inflammasome in various cardiac cell types is poorly understood. Targeting components or products of the inflammasome and preventing their proinflammatory consequences may constitute novel therapeutic treatment strategies for AF. In this review, we summarise the current understanding of the role of the inflammasome in AF pathogenesis. We first review the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway and inflammatory signalling in cardiomyocytes, (myo)fibroblasts and immune cells, such as neutrophils, macrophages and monocytes. Because numerous compounds targeting NLRP3 signalling are currently in preclinical development, or undergoing clinical evaluation for other indications than AF, we subsequently review known therapeutics, such as colchicine and canakinumab, targeting the NLRP3 inflammasome and evaluate their potential for treating AF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alisha Niskala
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jordi Heijman
- Department of Cardiology, Maastricht University Medical Centre and Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Division of Medical Physics & Biophysics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Institute of Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Dobromir Dobrev
- Institute of Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- Medicine and Research Center, Montréal Heart Institute and University de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Thomas Jespersen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Arnela Saljic
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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11
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Li CX, Yue L. The Multifaceted Nature of Macrophages in Cardiovascular Disease. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1317. [PMID: 38927523 PMCID: PMC11201197 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12061317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2024] [Revised: 06/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
As the leading cause of mortality worldwide, cardiovascular disease (CVD) represents a variety of heart diseases and vascular disorders, including atherosclerosis, aneurysm, ischemic injury in the heart and brain, arrythmias, and heart failure. Macrophages, a diverse population of immune cells that can promote or suppress inflammation, have been increasingly recognized as a key regulator in various processes in both healthy and disease states. In healthy conditions, these cells promote the proper clearance of cellular debris, dead and dying cells, and provide a strong innate immune barrier to foreign pathogens. However, macrophages can play a detrimental role in the progression of disease as well, particularly those inflammatory in nature. This review will focus on the current knowledge regarding the role of macrophages in cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cindy X. Li
- Department of Cell Biology, Pat and Jim Calhoun Cardiovascular Center, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA;
- Institute for the Brain and Cognitive Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Lixia Yue
- Department of Cell Biology, Pat and Jim Calhoun Cardiovascular Center, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA;
- Institute for the Brain and Cognitive Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
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12
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Song T, Hui W, Huang M, Guo Y, Yu M, Yang X, Liu Y, Chen X. Dynamic Changes in Ion Channels during Myocardial Infarction and Therapeutic Challenges. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6467. [PMID: 38928173 PMCID: PMC11203447 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2024] [Revised: 06/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
In different areas of the heart, action potential waveforms differ due to differences in the expressions of sodium, calcium, and potassium channels. One of the characteristics of myocardial infarction (MI) is an imbalance in oxygen supply and demand, leading to ion imbalance. After MI, the regulation and expression levels of K+, Ca2+, and Na+ ion channels in cardiomyocytes are altered, which affects the regularity of cardiac rhythm and leads to myocardial injury. Myocardial fibroblasts are the main effector cells in the process of MI repair. The ion channels of myocardial fibroblasts play an important role in the process of MI. At the same time, a large number of ion channels are expressed in immune cells, which play an important role by regulating the in- and outflow of ions to complete intracellular signal transduction. Ion channels are widely distributed in a variety of cells and are attractive targets for drug development. This article reviews the changes in different ion channels after MI and the therapeutic drugs for these channels. We analyze the complex molecular mechanisms behind myocardial ion channel regulation and the challenges in ion channel drug therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongtong Song
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China; (T.S.); (W.H.); (M.H.); (Y.G.); (M.Y.); (X.Y.); (Y.L.)
- Department of Anatomy, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Wenting Hui
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China; (T.S.); (W.H.); (M.H.); (Y.G.); (M.Y.); (X.Y.); (Y.L.)
| | - Min Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China; (T.S.); (W.H.); (M.H.); (Y.G.); (M.Y.); (X.Y.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yan Guo
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China; (T.S.); (W.H.); (M.H.); (Y.G.); (M.Y.); (X.Y.); (Y.L.)
| | - Meiyi Yu
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China; (T.S.); (W.H.); (M.H.); (Y.G.); (M.Y.); (X.Y.); (Y.L.)
| | - Xiaoyu Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China; (T.S.); (W.H.); (M.H.); (Y.G.); (M.Y.); (X.Y.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yanqing Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China; (T.S.); (W.H.); (M.H.); (Y.G.); (M.Y.); (X.Y.); (Y.L.)
| | - Xia Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China; (T.S.); (W.H.); (M.H.); (Y.G.); (M.Y.); (X.Y.); (Y.L.)
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13
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Hilgendorf I, Frantz S, Frangogiannis NG. Repair of the Infarcted Heart: Cellular Effectors, Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Opportunities. Circ Res 2024; 134:1718-1751. [PMID: 38843294 PMCID: PMC11164543 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.124.323658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
The adult mammalian heart has limited endogenous regenerative capacity and heals through the activation of inflammatory and fibrogenic cascades that ultimately result in the formation of a scar. After infarction, massive cardiomyocyte death releases a broad range of damage-associated molecular patterns that initiate both myocardial and systemic inflammatory responses. TLRs (toll-like receptors) and NLRs (NOD-like receptors) recognize damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) and transduce downstream proinflammatory signals, leading to upregulation of cytokines (such as interleukin-1, TNF-α [tumor necrosis factor-α], and interleukin-6) and chemokines (such as CCL2 [CC chemokine ligand 2]) and recruitment of neutrophils, monocytes, and lymphocytes. Expansion and diversification of cardiac macrophages in the infarcted heart play a major role in the clearance of the infarct from dead cells and the subsequent stimulation of reparative pathways. Efferocytosis triggers the induction and release of anti-inflammatory mediators that restrain the inflammatory reaction and set the stage for the activation of reparative fibroblasts and vascular cells. Growth factor-mediated pathways, neurohumoral cascades, and matricellular proteins deposited in the provisional matrix stimulate fibroblast activation and proliferation and myofibroblast conversion. Deposition of a well-organized collagen-based extracellular matrix network protects the heart from catastrophic rupture and attenuates ventricular dilation. Scar maturation requires stimulation of endogenous signals that inhibit fibroblast activity and prevent excessive fibrosis. Moreover, in the mature scar, infarct neovessels acquire a mural cell coat that contributes to the stabilization of the microvascular network. Excessive, prolonged, or dysregulated inflammatory or fibrogenic cascades accentuate adverse remodeling and dysfunction. Moreover, inflammatory leukocytes and fibroblasts can contribute to arrhythmogenesis. Inflammatory and fibrogenic pathways may be promising therapeutic targets to attenuate heart failure progression and inhibit arrhythmia generation in patients surviving myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingo Hilgendorf
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University Heart Center Freiburg-Bad Krozingen and Faculty of Medicine at the University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Frantz
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Universitätsklinikum Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Nikolaos G Frangogiannis
- The Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx NY
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14
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Liang D, Zhou L, Zhou H, Zhang F, Fang G, Leng J, Wu Y, Zhang Y, Yang A, Liu Y, Chen YH. A GABAergic system in atrioventricular node pacemaker cells controls electrical conduction between the atria and ventricles. Cell Res 2024:10.1038/s41422-024-00980-x. [PMID: 38849501 DOI: 10.1038/s41422-024-00980-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Physiologically, the atria contract first, followed by the ventricles, which is the prerequisite for normal blood circulation. The above phenomenon of atrioventricular sequential contraction results from the characteristically slow conduction of electrical excitation of the atrioventricular node (AVN) between the atria and the ventricles. However, it is not clear what controls the conduction of electrical excitation within AVNs. Here, we find that AVN pacemaker cells (AVNPCs) possess an intact intrinsic GABAergic system, which plays a key role in electrical conduction from the atria to the ventricles. First, along with the discovery of abundant GABA-containing vesicles under the surface membranes of AVNPCs, key elements of the GABAergic system, including GABA metabolic enzymes, GABA receptors, and GABA transporters, were identified in AVNPCs. Second, GABA synchronously elicited GABA-gated currents in AVNPCs, which significantly weakened the excitability of AVNPCs. Third, the key molecular elements of the GABAergic system markedly modulated the conductivity of electrical excitation in the AVN. Fourth, GABAA receptor deficiency in AVNPCs accelerated atrioventricular conduction, which impaired the AVN's protective potential against rapid ventricular frequency responses, increased susceptibility to lethal ventricular arrhythmias, and decreased the cardiac contractile function. Finally, interventions targeting the GABAergic system effectively prevented the occurrence and development of atrioventricular block. In summary, the endogenous GABAergic system in AVNPCs determines the slow conduction of electrical excitation within AVNs, thereby ensuring sequential atrioventricular contraction. The endogenous GABAergic system shows promise as a novel intervention target for cardiac arrhythmias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Arrhythmia Research Center, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Research Units of Origin and Regulation of Heart Rhythm, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Clinical Center for Heart Disease Research, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liping Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Arrhythmia Research Center, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huixing Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Arrhythmia Research Center, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fulei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Arrhythmia Research Center, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guojian Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Arrhythmia Research Center, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Junwei Leng
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Arrhythmia Research Center, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yahan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Arrhythmia Research Center, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuemei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Arrhythmia Research Center, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Anqi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Arrhythmia Research Center, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Arrhythmia Research Center, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi-Han Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Arrhythmia Research Center, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
- Research Units of Origin and Regulation of Heart Rhythm, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China.
- Clinical Center for Heart Disease Research, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
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15
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Holt M, Lin J, Cicka M, Wong A, Epelman S, Lavine KJ. Dissecting and Visualizing the Functional Diversity of Cardiac Macrophages. Circ Res 2024; 134:1791-1807. [PMID: 38843293 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.124.323817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Cardiac macrophages represent a functionally diverse population of cells involved in cardiac homeostasis, repair, and remodeling. With recent advancements in single-cell technologies, it is possible to elucidate specific macrophage subsets based on transcriptional signatures and cell surface protein expression to gain a deep understanding of macrophage diversity in the heart. The use of fate-mapping technologies and parabiosis studies have provided insight into the ontogeny and dynamics of macrophages identifying subsets derived from embryonic and adult definitive hematopoietic progenitors that include tissue-resident and bone marrow monocyte-derived macrophages, respectively. Within the heart, these subsets have distinct tissue niches and functional roles in the setting of homeostasis and disease, with cardiac resident macrophages representing a protective cell population while bone marrow monocyte-derived cardiac macrophages have a context-dependent effect, triggering both proinflammatory tissue injury, but also promoting reparative functions. With the increased understanding of the clinical relevance of cardiac macrophage subsets, there has been an increasing need to detect and measure cardiac macrophage compositions in living animals and patients. New molecular tracers compatible with positron emission tomography/computerized tomography and positron emission tomography/ magnetic resonance imaging have enabled investigators to noninvasively and serially visualize cardiac macrophage subsets within the heart to define associations with disease and measure treatment responses. Today, advancements within this thriving field are poised to fuel an era of clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan Holt
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Center for Cardiovascular Research, Washington University School of Medicine (M.H., M.C., K.J.L.)
| | - Julia Lin
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada (J.L., A.W., S.E.)
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, ON, Canada (J.L., A.W., S.E.)
| | - Markus Cicka
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Center for Cardiovascular Research, Washington University School of Medicine (M.H., M.C., K.J.L.)
| | - Anthony Wong
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada (J.L., A.W., S.E.)
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, ON, Canada (J.L., A.W., S.E.)
| | - Slava Epelman
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada (J.L., A.W., S.E.)
- Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, Translational Biology and Engineering Program, Toronto, ON, Canada (S.E.)
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, ON, Canada (J.L., A.W., S.E.)
- Peter Munk Cardiac Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada (S.E.)
| | - Kory J Lavine
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Center for Cardiovascular Research, Washington University School of Medicine (M.H., M.C., K.J.L.)
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16
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Cadosch N, Gil-Cruz C, Perez-Shibayama C, Ludewig B. Cardiac Fibroblastic Niches in Homeostasis and Inflammation. Circ Res 2024; 134:1703-1717. [PMID: 38843287 PMCID: PMC11149942 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.124.323892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
Fibroblasts are essential for building and maintaining the structural integrity of all organs. Moreover, fibroblasts can acquire an inflammatory phenotype to accommodate immune cells in specific niches and to provide migration, differentiation, and growth factors. In the heart, balancing of fibroblast activity is critical for cardiac homeostasis and optimal organ function during inflammation. Fibroblasts sustain cardiac homeostasis by generating local niche environments that support housekeeping functions and by actively engaging in intercellular cross talk. During inflammatory perturbations, cardiac fibroblasts rapidly switch to an inflammatory state and actively communicate with infiltrating immune cells to orchestrate immune cell migration and activity. Here, we summarize the current knowledge on the molecular landscape of cardiac fibroblasts, focusing on their dual role in promoting tissue homeostasis and modulating immune cell-cardiomyocyte interaction. In addition, we discuss potential future avenues for manipulating cardiac fibroblast activity during myocardial inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadine Cadosch
- Institute of Immunobiology, Medical Research Center, Kantonsspital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland (N.C., C.G.-C., C.P.-S., B.L.)
| | - Cristina Gil-Cruz
- Institute of Immunobiology, Medical Research Center, Kantonsspital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland (N.C., C.G.-C., C.P.-S., B.L.)
- University Heart Center, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (C.G.-C., B.L.), University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Christian Perez-Shibayama
- Institute of Immunobiology, Medical Research Center, Kantonsspital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland (N.C., C.G.-C., C.P.-S., B.L.)
| | - Burkhard Ludewig
- Institute of Immunobiology, Medical Research Center, Kantonsspital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland (N.C., C.G.-C., C.P.-S., B.L.)
- University Heart Center, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (C.G.-C., B.L.), University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Center for Translational and Experimental Cardiology (B.L.), University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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17
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Yan Y, Zhang Y, Li K, Li Y, Qian W, Zhang W, Wang Y, Ma W, Li L. Synergistic effects of graphene microgrooves and electrical stimulation on M2 macrophage polarization. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 711:149911. [PMID: 38603832 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.149911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Macrophages play a crucial role in host response and wound healing, with M2 polarization contributing to the reduction of foreign-body reactions induced by the implantation of biomaterials and promoting tissue regeneration. Electrical stimulation (ES) and micropatterned substrates have a significant impact on the macrophage polarization. However, there is currently a lack of well-established cell culture platforms for studying the synergistic effects of these two factors. In this study, we prepared a graphene free-standing substrate with 20 μm microgrooves using capillary forces induced by water evaporation. Subsequently, we established an ES cell culture platform for macrophage cultivation by integrating a self-designed multi-well chamber cell culture device. We observed that graphene microgrooves, in combination with ES, significantly reduce cell spreading area and circularity. Results from immunofluorescence, ELISA, and flow cytometry demonstrate that the synergistic effect of graphene microgrooves and ES effectively promotes macrophage M2 phenotypic polarization. Finally, RNA sequencing results reveal that the synergistic effects of ES and graphene microgrooves inhibit the macrophage actin polymerization and the downstream PI3K signaling pathway, thereby influencing the phenotypic transition. Our results demonstrate the potential of graphene-based microgrooves and ES to synergistically modulate macrophage polarization, offering promising applications in regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Yan
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Function Reconstruction, Tianjin Stomatological Hospital, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300041, PR China
| | - Yilin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biomechanics and Mechanobiology (Beihang University), Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, PR China
| | - Kexin Li
- Key Laboratory of Biomechanics and Mechanobiology (Beihang University), Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, PR China
| | - Yudong Li
- Key Laboratory of Biomechanics and Mechanobiology (Beihang University), Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, PR China
| | - Wei Qian
- Key Laboratory of Biomechanics and Mechanobiology (Beihang University), Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, PR China
| | - Wenbo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biomechanics and Mechanobiology (Beihang University), Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, PR China
| | - Yue Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Function Reconstruction, Tianjin Stomatological Hospital, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300041, PR China
| | - Wensheng Ma
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Function Reconstruction, Tianjin Stomatological Hospital, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300041, PR China.
| | - Linhao Li
- Key Laboratory of Biomechanics and Mechanobiology (Beihang University), Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, PR China.
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18
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Power JR, Dolladille C, Ozbay B, Procureur AMD, Ederhy S, Palaskas NL, Lehmann LH, Cautela J, Courand PY, Hayek SS, Zhu H, Zaha VG, Cheng RK, Alexandre J, Roubille F, Baldassarre LA, Chen YC, Baik AH, Laufer-Perl M, Tamura Y, Asnani A, Francis S, Gaughan EM, Rainer PP, Bailly G, Flint D, Arangalage D, Cariou E, Florido R, Narezkina A, Liu Y, Sandhu S, Leong D, Issa N, Piriou N, Heinzerling L, Peretto G, Crusz SM, Akhter N, Levenson JE, Turker I, Eslami A, Fenioux C, Moliner P, Obeid M, Chan WT, Ewer SM, Kassaian SE, Johnson DB, Nohria A, Zadok OIB, Moslehi JJ, Salem JE. Predictors and Risk Score for Immune Checkpoint-Inhibitor-Associated Myocarditis Severity. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2024.06.02.24308336. [PMID: 38883792 PMCID: PMC11177901 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.02.24308336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Background Immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) are associated with life-threatening myocarditis but milder presentations are increasingly recognized. The same autoimmune process that causes ICI-myocarditis can manifest concurrent generalized myositis, myasthenia-like syndrome, and respiratory muscle failure. Prognostic factors for this "cardiomyotoxicity" are lacking. Methods A multicenter registry collected data retrospectively from 17 countries between 2014-2023. A multivariable cox regression model (hazard-ratio(HR), [95%confidence-interval]) was used to determine risk factors for the primary composite outcome: severe arrhythmia, heart failure, respiratory muscle failure, and/or cardiomyotoxicity-related death. Covariates included demographics, comorbidities, cardio-muscular symptoms, diagnostics, and treatments. Time-dependent covariates were used and missing data were imputed. A point-based prognostic risk score was derived and externally validated. Results In 748 patients (67% male, age 23-94), 30-days incidence of the primary composite outcome, cardiomyotoxic death, and overall death were 33%, 13%, and 17% respectively. By multivariable analysis, the primary composite outcome was associated with active thymoma (HR=3.60[1.93-6.72]), presence of cardio-muscular symptoms (HR=2.60 [1.58-4.28]), low QRS-voltage on presenting electrocardiogram (HR for ≤0.5mV versus >1mV=2.08[1.31-3.30]), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) <50% (HR=1.78[1.22-2.60]), and incremental troponin elevation (HR=1.86 [1.44-2.39], 2.99[1.91-4.65], 4.80[2.54-9.08], for 20, 200 and 2000-fold above upper reference limit, respectively). A prognostic risk score developed using these parameters showed good performance; 30-days primary outcome incidence increased gradually from 3.9%(risk-score=0) to 81.3%(risk-score≥4). This risk-score was externally validated in two independent French and US cohorts. This risk score was used prospectively in the external French cohort to identify low risk patients who were managed with no immunosuppression resulting in no cardio-myotoxic events. Conclusions ICI-myocarditis can manifest with high morbidity and mortality. Myocarditis severity is associated with magnitude of troponin, thymoma, low-QRS voltage, depressed LVEF, and cardio-muscular symptoms. A risk-score incorporating these features performed well. Trial registration number NCT04294771 and NCT05454527.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Charles Dolladille
- Sorbonne University, APHP, INSERM, CIC-1901, Hopital Pitié-Salpétrière, Paris, France
| | | | - Adrien MD Procureur
- Sorbonne University, APHP, INSERM, CIC-1901, Hopital Pitié-Salpétrière, Paris, France
| | - Stephane Ederhy
- Sorbonne University, APHP, INSERM, CIC-1901, Hopital Pitié-Salpétrière, Paris, France
| | | | | | - Jennifer Cautela
- Aix-Marseille University; University Mediterranean Center of Cardio-Oncology ; North Hospital, Assistance Publique – Hôpitaux de Marseille
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Joachim Alexandre
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, INSERM U1086 ANTICIPE; Caen-Normandy University Hospital
| | | | | | | | | | - Michal Laufer-Perl
- Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University
| | | | | | | | | | - Peter P. Rainer
- Medical University of Graz; BioTechMed Graz; St. Johann in Tirol General Hospital
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Yan Liu
- University of Texas at Austin Ascension Seton
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Giovanni Peretto
- Disease Unit for Myocarditis and Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathies, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute
| | | | | | | | | | - Assié Eslami
- Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Université Paris Cité
| | | | - Pedro Moliner
- Bellvitge University Hospital - Catalan Institute of Oncology, IDIBELL, CIBERCV
| | | | | | - Stephen M. Ewer
- University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Joe-Elie Salem
- Sorbonne University, APHP, INSERM, CIC-1901, Hopital Pitié-Salpétrière, Paris, France
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19
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Li X, Yang JJ, Xu D. The role of inflammation in takotsubo syndrome: A new therapeutic target? J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e18503. [PMID: 38896112 PMCID: PMC11186299 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.18503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Takotsubo syndrome (TTS) is a particular form of acute heart failure that can be challenging to distinguish from acute coronary syndrome at presentation. TTS was previously considered a benign self-limiting condition, but it is now known to be associated with substantial short- and long-term morbidity and mortality. Because of the poor understanding of its underlying pathophysiology, there are few evidence-based interventions to treat TTS. The hypotheses formulated so far can be grouped into endogenous adrenergic surge, psychological stress or preexisting psychiatric illness, coronary vasospasm with microvascular dysfunction, metabolic and energetic alterations, and inflammatory mechanisms. Current evidence demonstrates that the infiltration of immune cells such as macrophages and neutrophils play a pivotal role in TTS. At baseline, resident macrophages were the dominant subset in cardiac macrophages, however, it underwent a shift from resident macrophages to monocyte-derived infiltrating macrophages in TTS. Depletion of macrophages and monocytes in mice strongly protected them from isoprenaline-induced cardiac dysfunction. It is probable that immune cells, especially macrophages, may be new targets for the treatment of TTS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Li
- Department of Internal Cardiovascular MedicineSecond Xiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityChangshaHunanChina
| | - Jingmin Jing Yang
- Department of Internal Cardiovascular MedicineSecond Xiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityChangshaHunanChina
| | - Danyan Xu
- Department of Internal Cardiovascular MedicineSecond Xiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityChangshaHunanChina
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20
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Gokhan I, Blum TS, Campbell SG. Engineered heart tissue: Design considerations and the state of the art. BIOPHYSICS REVIEWS 2024; 5:021308. [PMID: 38912258 PMCID: PMC11192576 DOI: 10.1063/5.0202724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
Originally developed more than 20 years ago, engineered heart tissue (EHT) has become an important tool in cardiovascular research for applications such as disease modeling and drug screening. Innovations in biomaterials, stem cell biology, and bioengineering, among other fields, have enabled EHT technologies to recapitulate many aspects of cardiac physiology and pathophysiology. While initial EHT designs were inspired by the isolated-trabecula culture system, current designs encompass a variety of formats, each of which have unique strengths and limitations. In this review, we describe the most common EHT formats, and then systematically evaluate each aspect of their design, emphasizing the rational selection of components for each application.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Thomas S. Blum
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA
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21
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Poto R, Marone G, Galli SJ, Varricchi G. Mast cells: a novel therapeutic avenue for cardiovascular diseases? Cardiovasc Res 2024; 120:681-698. [PMID: 38630620 PMCID: PMC11135650 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvae066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Mast cells are tissue-resident immune cells strategically located in different compartments of the normal human heart (the myocardium, pericardium, aortic valve, and close to nerves) as well as in atherosclerotic plaques. Cardiac mast cells produce a broad spectrum of vasoactive and proinflammatory mediators, which have potential roles in inflammation, angiogenesis, lymphangiogenesis, tissue remodelling, and fibrosis. Mast cells release preformed mediators (e.g. histamine, tryptase, and chymase) and de novo synthesized mediators (e.g. cysteinyl leukotriene C4 and prostaglandin D2), as well as cytokines and chemokines, which can activate different resident immune cells (e.g. macrophages) and structural cells (e.g. fibroblasts and endothelial cells) in the human heart and aorta. The transcriptional profiles of various mast cell populations highlight their potential heterogeneity and distinct gene and proteome expression. Mast cell plasticity and heterogeneity enable these cells the potential for performing different, even opposite, functions in response to changing tissue contexts. Human cardiac mast cells display significant differences compared with mast cells isolated from other organs. These characteristics make cardiac mast cells intriguing, given their dichotomous potential roles of inducing or protecting against cardiovascular diseases. Identification of cardiac mast cell subpopulations represents a prerequisite for understanding their potential multifaceted roles in health and disease. Several new drugs specifically targeting human mast cell activation are under development or in clinical trials. Mast cells and/or their subpopulations can potentially represent novel therapeutic targets for cardiovascular disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Remo Poto
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, Naples 80131, Italy
- World Allergy Organization (WAO), Center of Excellence (CoE), Via S. Pansini 5, Naples 80131, Italy
| | - Gianni Marone
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, Naples 80131, Italy
- World Allergy Organization (WAO), Center of Excellence (CoE), Via S. Pansini 5, Naples 80131, Italy
- Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, Naples 80131, Italy
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology ‘G. Salvatore’, National Research Council (CNR), Via S. Pansini 5, Naples 80131, Italy
| | - Stephen J Galli
- Department of Pathology and the Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research, Stanford University School of Medicine, 291 Campus Dr, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 291 Campus Dr, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Gilda Varricchi
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, Naples 80131, Italy
- World Allergy Organization (WAO), Center of Excellence (CoE), Via S. Pansini 5, Naples 80131, Italy
- Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, Naples 80131, Italy
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology ‘G. Salvatore’, National Research Council (CNR), Via S. Pansini 5, Naples 80131, Italy
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22
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Nakayama Y, Fujiu K, Oshima T, Matsuda J, Sugita J, Matsubara TJ, Liu Y, Goto K, Kani K, Uchida R, Takeda N, Morita H, Xiao Y, Hayashi M, Maru Y, Hasumi E, Kojima T, Ishiguro S, Kijima Y, Yachie N, Yamazaki S, Yamamoto R, Kudo F, Nakanishi M, Iwama A, Fujiki R, Kaneda A, Ohara O, Nagai R, Manabe I, Komuro I. Heart failure promotes multimorbidity through innate immune memory. Sci Immunol 2024; 9:eade3814. [PMID: 38787963 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.ade3814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Patients with heart failure (HF) often experience repeated acute decompensation and develop comorbidities such as chronic kidney disease and frailty syndrome. Although this suggests pathological interaction among comorbidities, the mechanisms linking them are poorly understood. Here, we identified alterations in hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) as a critical driver of recurrent HF and associated comorbidities. Bone marrow transplantation from HF-experienced mice resulted in spontaneous cardiac dysfunction and fibrosis in recipient mice, as well as increased vulnerability to kidney and skeletal muscle insults. HF enhanced the capacity of HSCs to generate proinflammatory macrophages. In HF mice, global chromatin accessibility analysis and single-cell RNA-seq showed that transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling was suppressed in HSCs, which corresponded with repressed sympathetic nervous activity in bone marrow. Transplantation of bone marrow from mice in which TGF-β signaling was inhibited similarly exacerbated cardiac dysfunction. Collectively, these results suggest that cardiac stress modulates the epigenome of HSCs, which in turn alters their capacity to generate cardiac macrophage subpopulations. This change in HSCs may be a common driver of repeated HF events and comorbidity by serving as a key carrier of "stress memory."
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukiteru Nakayama
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Katsuhito Fujiu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Advanced Cardiology, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Oshima
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jun Matsuda
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Junichi Sugita
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Yuxiang Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kohsaku Goto
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kunihiro Kani
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryoko Uchida
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Advanced Cardiology, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Norifumi Takeda
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Morita
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yingda Xiao
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Michiko Hayashi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yujin Maru
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Eriko Hasumi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshiya Kojima
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Soh Ishiguro
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Applied Science and Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Yusuke Kijima
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Applied Science and Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Aquatic Bioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nozomu Yachie
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Applied Science and Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Synthetic Biology Division, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Yamazaki
- Division of Stem Cell Therapy, Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Ryo Yamamoto
- Institute for the Advanced Study of Human Biology, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Fujimi Kudo
- Department of Systems Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Mio Nakanishi
- Department of Systems Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Atsushi Iwama
- Division of Stem Cell and Molecular Medicine, Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryoji Fujiki
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
- Department of Applied Genomics, Kazusa DNA Research Institute, Chiba, Japan
| | - Atsushi Kaneda
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Osamu Ohara
- Department of Applied Genomics, Kazusa DNA Research Institute, Chiba, Japan
| | - Ryozo Nagai
- Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Ichiro Manabe
- Department of Systems Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Issei Komuro
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- International University of Health and Welfare, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Frontier Cardiovascular Science, Graduate School of Tokyo, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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23
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Weinberger T, Denise M, Joppich M, Fischer M, Garcia Rodriguez C, Kumaraswami K, Wimmler V, Ablinger S, Räuber S, Fang J, Liu L, Liu WH, Winterhalter J, Lichti J, Thomas L, Esfandyari D, Percin G, Matin S, Hidalgo A, Waskow C, Engelhardt S, Todica A, Zimmer R, Pridans C, Gomez Perdiguero E, Schulz C. Resident and recruited macrophages differentially contribute to cardiac healing after myocardial ischemia. eLife 2024; 12:RP89377. [PMID: 38775664 PMCID: PMC11111219 DOI: 10.7554/elife.89377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiac macrophages are heterogenous in phenotype and functions, which has been associated with differences in their ontogeny. Despite extensive research, our understanding of the precise role of different subsets of macrophages in ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury remains incomplete. We here investigated macrophage lineages and ablated tissue macrophages in homeostasis and after I/R injury in a CSF1R-dependent manner. Genomic deletion of a fms-intronic regulatory element (FIRE) in the Csf1r locus resulted in specific absence of resident homeostatic and antigen-presenting macrophages, without affecting the recruitment of monocyte-derived macrophages to the infarcted heart. Specific absence of homeostatic, monocyte-independent macrophages altered the immune cell crosstalk in response to injury and induced proinflammatory neutrophil polarization, resulting in impaired cardiac remodeling without influencing infarct size. In contrast, continuous CSF1R inhibition led to depletion of both resident and recruited macrophage populations. This augmented adverse remodeling after I/R and led to an increased infarct size and deterioration of cardiac function. In summary, resident macrophages orchestrate inflammatory responses improving cardiac remodeling, while recruited macrophages determine infarct size after I/R injury. These findings attribute distinct beneficial effects to different macrophage populations in the context of myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Weinberger
- Medical Clinic I., Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian UniversityMunichGermany
- Institute of Surgical Research at the Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine UniversityMunichGermany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner site Munich Heart AllianceMunichGermany
- Institut Pasteur, Unité Macrophages et Développement de l'Immunité, Département de Biologie du Développement et Cellules SouchesParisFrance
| | - Messerer Denise
- Medical Clinic I., Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian UniversityMunichGermany
- Institute of Surgical Research at the Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine UniversityMunichGermany
| | - Markus Joppich
- LFE Bioinformatik, Department of Informatics, Ludwig Maximilian UniversityMunichGermany
| | - Maximilian Fischer
- Medical Clinic I., Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian UniversityMunichGermany
- Institute of Surgical Research at the Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine UniversityMunichGermany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner site Munich Heart AllianceMunichGermany
| | - Clarisabel Garcia Rodriguez
- Institut Pasteur, Unité Macrophages et Développement de l'Immunité, Département de Biologie du Développement et Cellules SouchesParisFrance
| | - Konda Kumaraswami
- Medical Clinic I., Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian UniversityMunichGermany
- Institute of Surgical Research at the Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine UniversityMunichGermany
| | - Vanessa Wimmler
- Medical Clinic I., Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian UniversityMunichGermany
- Institute of Surgical Research at the Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine UniversityMunichGermany
| | - Sonja Ablinger
- Medical Clinic I., Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian UniversityMunichGermany
- Institute of Surgical Research at the Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine UniversityMunichGermany
| | - Saskia Räuber
- Medical Clinic I., Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian UniversityMunichGermany
- Institute of Surgical Research at the Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine UniversityMunichGermany
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University of DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany
| | - Jiahui Fang
- Medical Clinic I., Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian UniversityMunichGermany
- Institute of Surgical Research at the Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine UniversityMunichGermany
| | - Lulu Liu
- Medical Clinic I., Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian UniversityMunichGermany
- Institute of Surgical Research at the Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine UniversityMunichGermany
| | - Wing Han Liu
- Medical Clinic I., Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian UniversityMunichGermany
| | - Julia Winterhalter
- Medical Clinic I., Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian UniversityMunichGermany
- Institute of Surgical Research at the Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine UniversityMunichGermany
| | - Johannes Lichti
- Medical Clinic I., Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian UniversityMunichGermany
| | - Lukas Thomas
- Medical Clinic I., Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian UniversityMunichGermany
- Institute of Surgical Research at the Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine UniversityMunichGermany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner site Munich Heart AllianceMunichGermany
| | - Dena Esfandyari
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner site Munich Heart AllianceMunichGermany
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Technical University MunichMunichGermany
| | - Guelce Percin
- Immunology of Aging, Leibniz-Institute on Aging - Fritz-Lipmann-Institute (FLI)JenaGermany
| | - Sandra Matin
- Area of Cell & Developmental Biology, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos IIIMadridSpain
| | - Andrés Hidalgo
- Area of Cell & Developmental Biology, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos IIIMadridSpain
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program and Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of MedicineNew HavenUnited States
| | - Claudia Waskow
- Immunology of Aging, Leibniz-Institute on Aging - Fritz-Lipmann-Institute (FLI)JenaGermany
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, Friedrich-Schiller-UniversityJenaGermany
| | - Stefan Engelhardt
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner site Munich Heart AllianceMunichGermany
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Technical University MunichMunichGermany
| | - Andrei Todica
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ludwig Maximilian UniversityMunichGermany
| | - Ralf Zimmer
- LFE Bioinformatik, Department of Informatics, Ludwig Maximilian UniversityMunichGermany
| | - Clare Pridans
- Simons Initiative for the Developing Brain, Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
- University of Edinburgh Centre for Inflammation Research, The Queen's Medical Research InstituteEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | - Elisa Gomez Perdiguero
- Institut Pasteur, Unité Macrophages et Développement de l'Immunité, Département de Biologie du Développement et Cellules SouchesParisFrance
| | - Christian Schulz
- Medical Clinic I., Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian UniversityMunichGermany
- Institute of Surgical Research at the Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine UniversityMunichGermany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner site Munich Heart AllianceMunichGermany
- Department of Immunopharmacology, Mannheim Institute for Innate Immunoscience (MI3), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg UniversityMannheimGermany
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24
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Wculek SK, Forisch S, Miguel V, Sancho D. Metabolic homeostasis of tissue macrophages across the lifespan. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2024:S1043-2760(24)00111-5. [PMID: 38763781 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2024.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
Macrophages are present in almost all organs. Apart from being immune sentinels, tissue-resident macrophages (TRMs) have organ-specific functions that require a specialized cellular metabolism to maintain homeostasis. In addition, organ-dependent metabolic adaptations of TRMs appear to be fundamentally distinct in homeostasis and in response to a challenge, such as infection or injury. Moreover, TRM function becomes aberrant with advancing age, contributing to inflammaging and organ deterioration, and a metabolic imbalance may underlie TRM immunosenescence. Here, we outline current understanding of the particular metabolic states of TRMs across organs and the relevance for their function. Moreover, we discuss the concomitant aging-related decline in metabolic plasticity and functions of TRMs, highlighting potential novel therapeutic avenues to promote healthy aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie K Wculek
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Stephan Forisch
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Verónica Miguel
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - David Sancho
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), Madrid, Spain.
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25
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Wang M, Li C, Liu Y, Jin Y, Yu Y, Tan X, Zhang C. The effect of macrophages and their exosomes in ischemic heart disease. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1402468. [PMID: 38799471 PMCID: PMC11116575 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1402468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Ischemic heart disease (IHD) is a leading cause of disability and death worldwide, with immune regulation playing a crucial role in its pathogenesis. Various immune cells are involved, and as one of the key immune cells residing in the heart, macrophages play an indispensable role in the inflammatory and reparative processes during cardiac ischemia. Exosomes, extracellular vesicles containing lipids, nucleic acids, proteins, and other bioactive molecules, have emerged as important mediators in the regulatory functions of macrophages and hold promise as a novel therapeutic target for IHD. This review summarizes the regulatory mechanisms of different subsets of macrophages and their secreted exosomes during cardiac ischemia over the past five years. It also discusses the current status of clinical research utilizing macrophages and their exosomes, as well as strategies to enhance their therapeutic efficacy through biotechnology. The aim is to provide valuable insights for the treatment of IHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minrui Wang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Chunhong Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuchang Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuanyuan Jin
- The Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of the Ministry of Education, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Yang Yu
- The Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of the Ministry of Education, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaoqiu Tan
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- The Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of the Ministry of Education, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- Department of Cardiology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Chunxiang Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of the Ministry of Education, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
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26
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Hennis K, Piantoni C, Biel M, Fenske S, Wahl-Schott C. Pacemaker Channels and the Chronotropic Response in Health and Disease. Circ Res 2024; 134:1348-1378. [PMID: 38723033 PMCID: PMC11081487 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.123.323250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
Loss or dysregulation of the normally precise control of heart rate via the autonomic nervous system plays a critical role during the development and progression of cardiovascular disease-including ischemic heart disease, heart failure, and arrhythmias. While the clinical significance of regulating changes in heart rate, known as the chronotropic effect, is undeniable, the mechanisms controlling these changes remain not fully understood. Heart rate acceleration and deceleration are mediated by increasing or decreasing the spontaneous firing rate of pacemaker cells in the sinoatrial node. During the transition from rest to activity, sympathetic neurons stimulate these cells by activating β-adrenergic receptors and increasing intracellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate. The same signal transduction pathway is targeted by positive chronotropic drugs such as norepinephrine and dobutamine, which are used in the treatment of cardiogenic shock and severe heart failure. The cyclic adenosine monophosphate-sensitive hyperpolarization-activated current (If) in pacemaker cells is passed by hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated cation channels and is critical for generating the autonomous heartbeat. In addition, this current has been suggested to play a central role in the chronotropic effect. Recent studies demonstrate that cyclic adenosine monophosphate-dependent regulation of HCN4 (hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated cation channel isoform 4) acts to stabilize the heart rate, particularly during rapid rate transitions induced by the autonomic nervous system. The mechanism is based on creating a balance between firing and recently discovered nonfiring pacemaker cells in the sinoatrial node. In this way, hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated cation channels may protect the heart from sinoatrial node dysfunction, secondary arrhythmia of the atria, and potentially fatal tachyarrhythmia of the ventricles. Here, we review the latest findings on sinoatrial node automaticity and discuss the physiological and pathophysiological role of HCN pacemaker channels in the chronotropic response and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantin Hennis
- Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology, Biomedical Center Munich, Walter Brendel Centre of Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine (K.H., C.P., C.W.-S.), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany
| | - Chiara Piantoni
- Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology, Biomedical Center Munich, Walter Brendel Centre of Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine (K.H., C.P., C.W.-S.), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany
| | - Martin Biel
- Department of Pharmacy, Center for Drug Research (M.B., S.F.), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany (M.B., S.F.)
| | - Stefanie Fenske
- Department of Pharmacy, Center for Drug Research (M.B., S.F.), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany (M.B., S.F.)
| | - Christian Wahl-Schott
- Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology, Biomedical Center Munich, Walter Brendel Centre of Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine (K.H., C.P., C.W.-S.), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany
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27
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Ruiz Luque J, Cevey ÁC, Pieralisi AV, Poncini C, Erra Díaz F, Azevedo Reis MV, Donato M, Mirkin GA, Goren NB, Penas FN. Fenofibrate Induces a Resolving Profile in Heart Macrophage Subsets and Attenuates Acute Chagas Myocarditis. ACS Infect Dis 2024; 10:1793-1807. [PMID: 38648355 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.4c00125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Chagas disease, caused by Trypanosoma cruzi, stands as the primary cause of dilated cardiomyopathy in the Americas. Macrophages play a crucial role in the heart's response to infection. Given their functional and phenotypic adaptability, manipulating specific macrophage subsets could be vital in aiding essential cardiovascular functions including tissue repair and defense against infection. PPARα are ligand-dependent transcription factors involved in lipid metabolism and inflammation regulation. However, the role of fenofibrate, a PPARα ligand, in the activation profile of cardiac macrophages as well as its effect on the early inflammatory and fibrotic response in the heart remains unexplored. The present study demonstrates that fenofibrate significantly reduces not only the serum activity of tissue damage biomarker enzymes (LDH and GOT) but also the circulating proportions of pro-inflammatory monocytes (CD11b+ LY6Chigh). Furthermore, both CD11b+ Ly6Clow F4/80high macrophages (MΦ) and recently differentiated CD11b+ Ly6Chigh F4/80high monocyte-derived macrophages (MdMΦ) shift toward a resolving phenotype (CD206high) in the hearts of fenofibrate-treated mice. This shift correlates with a reduction in fibrosis, inflammation, and restoration of ventricular function in the early stages of Chagas disease. These findings encourage the repositioning of fenofibrate as a potential ancillary immunotherapy adjunct to antiparasitic drugs, addressing inflammation to mitigate Chagas disease symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Ruiz Luque
- CONICET - Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y SIDA (INBIRS), Buenos Aires C1121A6B, Argentina
| | - Ágata Carolina Cevey
- CONICET - Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y SIDA (INBIRS), Buenos Aires C1121A6B, Argentina
| | - Azul Victoria Pieralisi
- CONICET - Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y SIDA (INBIRS), Buenos Aires C1121A6B, Argentina
| | - Carolina Poncini
- CONICET - Universidad de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Parasitología Médica (IMPaM), Buenos Aires C1121A6B, Argentina
| | - Fernando Erra Díaz
- CONICET - Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y SIDA (INBIRS), Buenos Aires C1121A6B, Argentina
| | - Marcus Vinicius Azevedo Reis
- CONICET - Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y SIDA (INBIRS), Buenos Aires C1121A6B, Argentina
| | - Martin Donato
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Fisiopatología Cardiovascular (INFICA), Buenos Aires C1121A6B, Argentina
| | - Gerardo Ariel Mirkin
- CONICET - Universidad de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Parasitología Médica (IMPaM), Buenos Aires C1121A6B, Argentina
| | - Nora Beatriz Goren
- CONICET - Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y SIDA (INBIRS), Buenos Aires C1121A6B, Argentina
| | - Federico Nicolás Penas
- CONICET - Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y SIDA (INBIRS), Buenos Aires C1121A6B, Argentina
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Zhang S, Zhu X, Chen Y, Wen Z, Shi P, Ni Q. The role and therapeutic potential of macrophages in the pathogenesis of diabetic cardiomyopathy. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1393392. [PMID: 38774880 PMCID: PMC11106398 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1393392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024] Open
Abstract
This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the critical role played by macrophages and their underlying mechanisms in the progression of diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM). It begins by discussing the origins and diverse subtypes of macrophages, elucidating their spatial distribution and modes of intercellular communication, thereby emphasizing their significance in the pathogenesis of DCM. The review then delves into the intricate relationship between macrophages and the onset of DCM, particularly focusing on the epigenetic regulatory mechanisms employed by macrophages in the context of DCM condition. Additionally, the review discusses various therapeutic strategies aimed at targeting macrophages to manage DCM. It specifically highlights the potential of natural food components in alleviating diabetic microvascular complications and examines the modulatory effects of existing hypoglycemic drugs on macrophage activity. These findings, summarized in this review, not only provide fresh insights into the role of macrophages in diabetic microvascular complications but also offer valuable guidance for future therapeutic research and interventions in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xueying Zhu
- Department of Anatomy, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yupeng Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhige Wen
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Peiyu Shi
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qing Ni
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Lai ZY, Yang CC, Chen PH, Chen WC, Lai TY, Lu GY, Yang CY, Wang KY, Liu WC, Chen YC, Liu LYM, Chuang YJ. Syndecan-4 is required for early-stage repair responses during zebrafish heart regeneration. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:604. [PMID: 38700644 PMCID: PMC11068835 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09531-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The healing process after a myocardial infarction (MI) in humans involves complex events that replace damaged tissue with a fibrotic scar. The affected cardiac tissue may lose its function permanently. In contrast, zebrafish display a remarkable capacity for scar-free heart regeneration. Previous studies have revealed that syndecan-4 (SDC4) regulates inflammatory response and fibroblast activity following cardiac injury in higher vertebrates. However, whether and how Sdc4 regulates heart regeneration in highly regenerative zebrafish remains unknown. METHODS AND RESULTS This study showed that sdc4 expression was differentially regulated during zebrafish heart regeneration by transcriptional analysis. Specifically, sdc4 expression increased rapidly and transiently in the early regeneration phase upon ventricular cryoinjury. Moreover, the knockdown of sdc4 led to a significant reduction in extracellular matrix protein deposition, immune cell accumulation, and cell proliferation at the lesion site. The expression of tgfb1a and col1a1a, as well as the protein expression of Fibronectin, were all down-regulated under sdc4 knockdown. In addition, we verified that sdc4 expression was required for cardiac repair in zebrafish via in vivo electrocardiogram analysis. Loss of sdc4 expression caused an apparent pathological Q wave and ST elevation, which are signs of human MI patients. CONCLUSIONS Our findings support that Sdc4 is required to mediate pleiotropic repair responses in the early stage of zebrafish heart regeneration.
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Grants
- MOST 110-2311-B-007-005-MY3 Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan
- MOST 110-2311-B-007-005-MY3 Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan
- MOST 110-2311-B-007-005-MY3 Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan
- MOST 110-2311-B-007-005-MY3 Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan
- MOST 110-2311-B-007-005-MY3 Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan
- MOST 110-2311-B-007-005-MY3 Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan
- MOST 110-2311-B-007-005-MY3 Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan
- MOST 110-2311-B-007-005-MY3 Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan
- MOST 110-2311-B-007-005-MY3 Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan
- MOST 110-2311-B-007-005-MY3 Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan
- MOST 110-2311-B-007-005-MY3 Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan
- MOST 110-2311-B-007-005-MY3 Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan
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Affiliation(s)
- Zih-Yin Lai
- School of Medicine, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300044, Taiwan, ROC
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Structural Biology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300044, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chung-Chi Yang
- School of Medicine, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300044, Taiwan, ROC
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Structural Biology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300044, Taiwan, ROC
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Taoyuan Armed Forces General Hospital, Taoyuan City, 325208, Taiwan, ROC
- Cardiovascular Division, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei City, 114201, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Po-Hsun Chen
- School of Medicine, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300044, Taiwan, ROC
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Structural Biology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300044, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Wei-Chen Chen
- School of Medicine, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300044, Taiwan, ROC
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Structural Biology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300044, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ting-Yu Lai
- School of Medicine, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300044, Taiwan, ROC
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Structural Biology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300044, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Guan-Yun Lu
- School of Medicine, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300044, Taiwan, ROC
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Structural Biology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300044, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chiao-Yu Yang
- School of Medicine, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300044, Taiwan, ROC
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Structural Biology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300044, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ko-Ying Wang
- School of Medicine, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300044, Taiwan, ROC
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Structural Biology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300044, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Wei-Cen Liu
- School of Medicine, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300044, Taiwan, ROC
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Structural Biology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300044, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yu-Chieh Chen
- School of Medicine, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300044, Taiwan, ROC
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Structural Biology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300044, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Lawrence Yu-Min Liu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Hsinchu MacKay Memorial Hospital, Hsinchu, 300044, Taiwan, ROC.
- Department of Medicine, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City, 252005, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Yung-Jen Chuang
- School of Medicine, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300044, Taiwan, ROC.
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Structural Biology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300044, Taiwan, ROC.
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Elkhoury K, Kodeih S, Enciso-Martínez E, Maziz A, Bergaud C. Advancing Cardiomyocyte Maturation: Current Strategies and Promising Conductive Polymer-Based Approaches. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2303288. [PMID: 38349615 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202303288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are a leading cause of mortality and pose a significant burden on healthcare systems worldwide. Despite remarkable progress in medical research, the development of effective cardiovascular drugs has been hindered by high failure rates and escalating costs. One contributing factor is the limited availability of mature cardiomyocytes (CMs) for accurate disease modeling and drug screening. Human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived CMs offer a promising source of CMs; however, their immature phenotype presents challenges in translational applications. This review focuses on the road to achieving mature CMs by summarizing the major differences between immature and mature CMs, discussing the importance of adult-like CMs for drug discovery, highlighting the limitations of current strategies, and exploring potential solutions using electro-mechano active polymer-based scaffolds based on conductive polymers. However, critical considerations such as the trade-off between 3D systems and nutrient exchange, biocompatibility, degradation, cell adhesion, longevity, and integration into wider systems must be carefully evaluated. Continued advancements in these areas will contribute to a better understanding of cardiac diseases, improved drug discovery, and the development of personalized treatment strategies for patients with cardiovascular disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamil Elkhoury
- LAAS-CNRS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Toulouse, F-31400, France
| | - Sacha Kodeih
- Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of Balamand, Tripoli, P.O. Box 100, Lebanon
| | | | - Ali Maziz
- LAAS-CNRS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Toulouse, F-31400, France
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Robert Li Y, Traore K, Zhu H. Novel molecular mechanisms of doxorubicin cardiotoxicity: latest leading-edge advances and clinical implications. Mol Cell Biochem 2024; 479:1121-1132. [PMID: 37310587 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-023-04783-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Doxorubicin (Dox) is among the most widely used cancer chemotherapeutic drugs. The clinical use of Dox is, however, limited due to its cardiotoxicity. Studies over the past several decades have suggested various mechanisms of Dox-induced cardiotoxicity (DIC). Among them are oxidative stress, topoisomerase inhibition, and mitochondrial damage. Several novel molecular targets and signaling pathways underlying DIC have emerged over the past few years. The most notable advances include discovery of ferroptosis as a major form of cell death in Dox cytotoxicity, and elucidation of the involvement of cardiogenetics and regulatory RNAs as well as multiple other targets in DIC. In this review, we discuss these advances, focusing on latest cutting-edge research discoveries from mechanistic studies reported in influential journals rather than surveying all research studies available in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Robert Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Campbell University Jerry Wallace School of Osteopathic Medicine, Buies Creek, NC, 27560, USA.
| | - Kassim Traore
- Department of Biochemistry, Duquesne University College of Osteopathic Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15282, USA
| | - Hong Zhu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Campbell University Jerry Wallace School of Osteopathic Medicine, Buies Creek, NC, 27560, USA
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Li T, Marashly Q, Kim JA, Li N, Chelu MG. Cardiac conduction diseases: understanding the molecular mechanisms to uncover targets for future treatments. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2024; 28:385-400. [PMID: 38700451 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2024.2351501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The cardiac conduction system (CCS) is crucial for maintaining adequate cardiac frequency at rest and modulation during exercise. Furthermore, the atrioventricular node and His-Purkinje system are essential for maintaining atrioventricular and interventricular synchrony and consequently maintaining an adequate cardiac output. AREAS COVERED In this review article, we examine the anatomy, physiology, and pathophysiology of the CCS. We then discuss in detail the most common genetic mutations and the molecular mechanisms of cardiac conduction disease (CCD) and provide our perspectives on future research and therapeutic opportunities in this field. EXPERT OPINION Significant advancement has been made in understanding the molecular mechanisms of CCD, including the recognition of the heterogeneous signaling at the subcellular levels of sinoatrial node, the involvement of inflammatory and autoimmune mechanisms, and the potential impact of epigenetic regulations on CCD. However, the current treatment of CCD manifested as bradycardia still relies primarily on cardiovascular implantable electronic devices (CIEDs). On the other hand, an If specific inhibitor was developed to treat inappropriate sinus tachycardia and sinus tachycardia in heart failure patients with reduced ejection fraction. More work is needed to translate current knowledge into pharmacologic or genetic interventions for the management of CCDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Li
- Department of Medicine (Section of Cardiovascular Research), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Qussay Marashly
- Department of Cardiology, Montefiore Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jitae A Kim
- Division of CardiovasculMedicine, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Na Li
- Department of Medicine (Section of Cardiovascular Research), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Mihail G Chelu
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Medicine (Division of Cardiology), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Baylor St. Luke's Medical Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Texas Heart Institute, Houston, TX, USA
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Lin AE, Bapat AC, Xiao L, Niroula A, Ye J, Wong WJ, Agrawal M, Farady CJ, Boettcher A, Hergott CB, McConkey M, Flores-Bringas P, Shkolnik V, Bick AG, Milan D, Natarajan P, Libby P, Ellinor PT, Ebert BL. Clonal Hematopoiesis of Indeterminate Potential With Loss of Tet2 Enhances Risk for Atrial Fibrillation Through Nlrp3 Inflammasome Activation. Circulation 2024; 149:1419-1434. [PMID: 38357791 PMCID: PMC11058018 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.123.065597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP), a common age-associated phenomenon, associates with increased risk of both hematological malignancy and cardiovascular disease. Although CHIP is known to increase the risk of myocardial infarction and heart failure, the influence of CHIP in cardiac arrhythmias, such as atrial fibrillation (AF), is less explored. METHODS CHIP prevalence was determined in the UK Biobank, and incident AF analysis was stratified by CHIP status and clone size using Cox proportional hazard models. Lethally irradiated mice were transplanted with hematopoietic-specific loss of Tet2, hematopoietic-specific loss of Tet2 and Nlrp3, or wild-type control and fed a Western diet, compounded with or without NLRP3 (NLR [NACHT, LRR {leucine rich repeat}] family pyrin domain containing protein 3) inhibitor, NP3-361, for 6 to 9 weeks. Mice underwent in vivo invasive electrophysiology studies and ex vivo optical mapping. Cardiomyocytes from Ldlr-/- mice with hematopoietic-specific loss of Tet2 or wild-type control and fed a Western diet were isolated to evaluate calcium signaling dynamics and analysis. Cocultures of pluripotent stem cell-derived atrial cardiomyocytes were incubated with Tet2-deficient bone marrow-derived macrophages, wild-type control, or cytokines IL-1β (interleukin 1β) or IL-6 (interleukin 6). RESULTS Analysis of the UK Biobank showed individuals with CHIP, in particular TET2 CHIP, have increased incident AF. Hematopoietic-specific inactivation of Tet2 increases AF propensity in atherogenic and nonatherogenic mouse models and is associated with increased Nlrp3 expression and CaMKII (Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II) activation, with AF susceptibility prevented by inactivation of Nlrp3. Cardiomyocytes isolated from Ldlr-/- mice with hematopoietic inactivation of Tet2 and fed a Western diet have impaired calcium release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum into the cytosol, contributing to atrial arrhythmogenesis. Abnormal sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium release was recapitulated in cocultures of cardiomyocytes with the addition of Tet2-deficient macrophages or cytokines IL-1β or IL-6. CONCLUSIONS We identified a modest association between CHIP, particularly TET2 CHIP, and incident AF in the UK Biobank population. In a mouse model of AF resulting from hematopoietic-specific inactivation of Tet2, we propose altered calcium handling as an arrhythmogenic mechanism, dependent on Nlrp3 inflammasome activation. Our data are in keeping with previous studies of CHIP in cardiovascular disease, and further studies into the therapeutic potential of NLRP3 inhibition for individuals with TET2 CHIP may be warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Erica Lin
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine (A.E.L., P.L.), Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (A.E.L., A.N., M.A., C.B.H., M.M.C., V.S., B.L.E.)
| | - Aneesh C. Bapat
- Cardiovascular Research Center (A.C.B., L.X., J.Y., D.M., P.N., P.T.E.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston
- Demoulas Cardiac Arrhythmia Service, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine (A.C.B., P.T.E.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston
| | - Ling Xiao
- Cardiovascular Research Center (A.C.B., L.X., J.Y., D.M., P.N., P.T.E.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge (L.X., A.N., J.Y., P.F.-B., P.N., P.T.E., B.L.E.)
| | - Abhishek Niroula
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (A.E.L., A.N., M.A., C.B.H., M.M.C., V.S., B.L.E.)
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge (L.X., A.N., J.Y., P.F.-B., P.N., P.T.E., B.L.E.)
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Sweden (A.N.)
- Institute of Biomedicine, SciLifeLab, University of Gothenburg, Sweden (A.N.)
| | - Jiangchuan Ye
- Cardiovascular Research Center (A.C.B., L.X., J.Y., D.M., P.N., P.T.E.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge (L.X., A.N., J.Y., P.F.-B., P.N., P.T.E., B.L.E.)
| | - Waihay J. Wong
- Department of Pathology (W.J.W., C.B.H.), Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Mridul Agrawal
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (A.E.L., A.N., M.A., C.B.H., M.M.C., V.S., B.L.E.)
| | - Christopher J. Farady
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research Forum 1, Basel, Switzerland (C.J.F., A.B.)
| | - Andreas Boettcher
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research Forum 1, Basel, Switzerland (C.J.F., A.B.)
| | - Christopher B. Hergott
- Department of Pathology (W.J.W., C.B.H.), Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (A.E.L., A.N., M.A., C.B.H., M.M.C., V.S., B.L.E.)
| | - Marie McConkey
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (A.E.L., A.N., M.A., C.B.H., M.M.C., V.S., B.L.E.)
| | - Patricio Flores-Bringas
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge (L.X., A.N., J.Y., P.F.-B., P.N., P.T.E., B.L.E.)
| | - Veronica Shkolnik
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (A.E.L., A.N., M.A., C.B.H., M.M.C., V.S., B.L.E.)
| | - Alexander G. Bick
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN (A.G.B.)
| | - David Milan
- Cardiovascular Research Center (A.C.B., L.X., J.Y., D.M., P.N., P.T.E.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston
- Leducq Foundation, Boston, MA (D.M.)
| | - Pradeep Natarajan
- Cardiovascular Research Center (A.C.B., L.X., J.Y., D.M., P.N., P.T.E.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge (L.X., A.N., J.Y., P.F.-B., P.N., P.T.E., B.L.E.)
| | - Peter Libby
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine (A.E.L., P.L.), Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Patrick T. Ellinor
- Cardiovascular Research Center (A.C.B., L.X., J.Y., D.M., P.N., P.T.E.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston
- Demoulas Cardiac Arrhythmia Service, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine (A.C.B., P.T.E.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge (L.X., A.N., J.Y., P.F.-B., P.N., P.T.E., B.L.E.)
| | - Benjamin L. Ebert
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (A.E.L., A.N., M.A., C.B.H., M.M.C., V.S., B.L.E.)
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge (L.X., A.N., J.Y., P.F.-B., P.N., P.T.E., B.L.E.)
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston, MA (B.L.E.)
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Sun J, Peterson EA, Chen X, Wang J. ptx3a + fibroblast/epicardial cells provide a transient macrophage niche to promote heart regeneration. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114092. [PMID: 38607913 PMCID: PMC11092985 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Macrophages conduct critical roles in heart repair, but the niche required to nurture and anchor them is poorly studied. Here, we investigated the macrophage niche in the regenerating heart. We analyzed cell-cell interactions through published single-cell RNA sequencing datasets and identified a strong interaction between fibroblast/epicardial (Fb/Epi) cells and macrophages. We further visualized the association of macrophages with Fb/Epi cells and the blockage of macrophage response without Fb/Epi cells in the regenerating zebrafish heart. Moreover, we found that ptx3a+ epicardial cells associate with reparative macrophages, and their depletion resulted in fewer reparative macrophages. Further, we identified csf1a expression in ptx3a+ cells and determined that pharmacological inhibition of the csf1a pathway or csf1a knockout blocked the reparative macrophage response. Moreover, we found that genetic overexpression of csf1a enhanced the reparative macrophage response with or without heart injury. Altogether, our studies illuminate a cardiac Fb/Epi niche, which mediates a beneficial macrophage response after heart injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jisheng Sun
- Cardiology Division, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Peterson
- Cardiology Division, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Xin Chen
- Cardiology Division, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Jinhu Wang
- Cardiology Division, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
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Paquette SE, Oduor CI, Gaulke A, Stefan S, Bronk P, Dafonseca V, Barulin N, Lee C, Carley R, Morrison AR, Choi BR, Bailey JA, Plavicki JS. Loss of developmentally derived Irf8+ macrophages promotes hyperinnervation and arrhythmia in the adult zebrafish heart. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.04.17.589909. [PMID: 38659956 PMCID: PMC11042273 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.17.589909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Recent developments in cardiac macrophage biology have broadened our understanding of the critical functions of macrophages in the heart. As a result, there is further interest in understanding the independent contributions of distinct subsets of macrophage to cardiac development and function. Here, we demonstrate that genetic loss of interferon regulatory factor 8 (Irf8)-positive embryonic-derived macrophages significantly disrupts cardiac conduction, chamber function, and innervation in adult zebrafish. At 4 months post-fertilization (mpf), homozygous irf8st96/st96 mutants have significantly shortened atrial action potential duration and significant differential expression of genes involved in cardiac contraction. Functional in vivo assessments via electro- and echocardiograms at 12 mpf reveal that irf8 mutants are arrhythmogenic and exhibit diastolic dysfunction and ventricular stiffening. To identify the molecular drivers of the functional disturbances in irf8 null zebrafish, we perform single cell RNA sequencing and immunohistochemistry, which reveal increased leukocyte infiltration, epicardial activation, mesenchymal gene expression, and fibrosis. Irf8 null hearts are also hyperinnervated and have aberrant axonal patterning, a phenotype not previously assessed in the context of cardiac macrophage loss. Gene ontology analysis supports a novel role for activated epicardial-derived cells (EPDCs) in promoting neurogenesis and neuronal remodeling in vivo. Together, these data uncover significant cardiac abnormalities following embryonic macrophage loss and expand our knowledge of critical macrophage functions in heart physiology and governing homeostatic heart health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannon E. Paquette
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912, USA
| | - Cliff I. Oduor
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912, USA
| | - Amy Gaulke
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912, USA
| | - Sabina Stefan
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Peter Bronk
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Brown University Warren Alpert Medical School, Providence, RI, 02912, USA
| | - Vanny Dafonseca
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912, USA
| | - Nikolai Barulin
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912, USA
| | - Cadence Lee
- Vascular Research Laboratory, Providence VA Medical Center, Providence, RI, 02908, USA
- Ocean State Research Institute, Inc., Providence, RI, 02908, USA
| | - Rachel Carley
- Vascular Research Laboratory, Providence VA Medical Center, Providence, RI, 02908, USA
- Ocean State Research Institute, Inc., Providence, RI, 02908, USA
| | - Alan R. Morrison
- Vascular Research Laboratory, Providence VA Medical Center, Providence, RI, 02908, USA
- Ocean State Research Institute, Inc., Providence, RI, 02908, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, 02903, USA
| | - Bum-Rak Choi
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Brown University Warren Alpert Medical School, Providence, RI, 02912, USA
| | - Jeffrey A. Bailey
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912, USA
| | - Jessica S. Plavicki
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912, USA
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Simon-Chica A, Klesen A, Emig R, Chan A, Greiner J, Grün D, Lother A, Hilgendorf I, Rog-Zielinska EA, Ravens U, Kohl P, Schneider-Warme F, Peyronnet R. Piezo1 stretch-activated channel activity differs between murine bone marrow-derived and cardiac tissue-resident macrophages. J Physiol 2024. [PMID: 38642051 DOI: 10.1113/jp284805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Macrophages (MΦ) play pivotal roles in tissue homeostasis and repair. Their mechanical environment has been identified as a key modulator of various cell functions, and MΦ mechanosensitivity is likely to be critical - in particular in a rhythmically contracting organ such as the heart. Cultured MΦ, differentiated in vitro from bone marrow (MΦBM), form a popular research model. This study explores the activity of mechanosensitive ion channels (MSC) in murine MΦBM and compares it to MSC activity in MΦ enzymatically isolated from cardiac tissue (tissue-resident MΦ; MΦTR). We show that MΦBM and MΦTR have stretch-induced currents, indicating the presence of functional MSC in their plasma membrane. The current profiles in MΦBM and in MΦTR show characteristics of cation non-selective MSC such as Piezo1 or transient receptor potential channels. While Piezo1 ion channel activity is detectable in the plasma membrane of MΦBM using the patch-clamp technique, or by measuring cytosolic calcium concentration upon perfusion with the Piezo1 channel agonist Yoda1, no Piezo1 channel activity was observed in MΦTR. The selective transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) channel agonist GSK1016790A induces calcium entry in MΦTR and in MΦBM. In MΦ isolated from left-ventricular scar tissue 28 days after cryoablation, stretch-induced current characteristics are not significantly different compared to non-injured control tissue, even though scarred ventricular tissue is expected to be mechanically remodelled and to contain an altered composition of pre-existing cardiac and circulation-recruited MΦ. Our data suggest that the in vitro differentiation protocols used to obtain MΦBM generate cells that differ from MΦ recruited from the circulation during tissue repair in vivo. Further investigations are needed to explore MSC identity in lineage-traced MΦ in scar tissue, and to compare mechanosensitivity of circulating monocytes with that of MΦBM. KEY POINTS: Bone marrow-derived (MΦBM) and tissue resident (MΦTR) macrophages have stretch-induced currents, indicating expression of functional mechanosensitive channels (MSC) in their plasma membrane. Stretch-activated current profiles show characteristics of cation non-selective MSC; and mRNA coding for MSC, including Piezo1 and TRPV4, is expressed in murine MΦBM and in MΦTR. Calcium entry upon pharmacological activation of TRPV4 confirms functionality of the channel in MΦTR and in MΦBM. Piezo1 ion channel activity is detected in the plasma membrane of MΦBM but not in MΦTR, suggesting that MΦBM may not be a good model to study the mechanotransduction of MΦTR. Stretch-induced currents, Piezo1 mRNA expression and response to pharmacological activation are not significantly changed in cardiac MΦ 28 days after cryoinjury compared to sham operated mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Simon-Chica
- Institute for Experimental Cardiovascular Medicine, University Heart Center Freiburg - Bad Krozingen, Medical Center - University of Freiburg and Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alexander Klesen
- Institute for Experimental Cardiovascular Medicine, University Heart Center Freiburg - Bad Krozingen, Medical Center - University of Freiburg and Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Department of Congenital Heart Defects and Paediatric Cardiology, University Heart Center Freiburg - Bad Krozingen, Medical Center - University of Freiburg and Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ramona Emig
- Institute for Experimental Cardiovascular Medicine, University Heart Center Freiburg - Bad Krozingen, Medical Center - University of Freiburg and Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies (CIBSS), Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Andy Chan
- Würzburg Institute of Systems Immunology, Max Planck Research Group at Julius-Maximilians-University Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Joachim Greiner
- Institute for Experimental Cardiovascular Medicine, University Heart Center Freiburg - Bad Krozingen, Medical Center - University of Freiburg and Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies (CIBSS), Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Dominic Grün
- Würzburg Institute of Systems Immunology, Max Planck Research Group at Julius-Maximilians-University Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Achim Lother
- Interdisciplinary Medical Intensive Care, Medical Center - University of Freiburg and Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ingo Hilgendorf
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University Heart Center Freiburg - Bad Krozingen, Medical Center - University of Freiburg and Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Eva A Rog-Zielinska
- Institute for Experimental Cardiovascular Medicine, University Heart Center Freiburg - Bad Krozingen, Medical Center - University of Freiburg and Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ursula Ravens
- Institute for Experimental Cardiovascular Medicine, University Heart Center Freiburg - Bad Krozingen, Medical Center - University of Freiburg and Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Peter Kohl
- Institute for Experimental Cardiovascular Medicine, University Heart Center Freiburg - Bad Krozingen, Medical Center - University of Freiburg and Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies (CIBSS), Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Franziska Schneider-Warme
- Institute for Experimental Cardiovascular Medicine, University Heart Center Freiburg - Bad Krozingen, Medical Center - University of Freiburg and Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies (CIBSS), Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Rémi Peyronnet
- Institute for Experimental Cardiovascular Medicine, University Heart Center Freiburg - Bad Krozingen, Medical Center - University of Freiburg and Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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Fu H, Kong B, Shuai W, Zhu J, Wang X, Tang Y, Huang H, Huang C. Leukocyte Ig-like receptor B4 (Lilrb4a) alleviates cardiac dysfunction and isoproterenol-induced arrhythmogenic remodeling associated with cardiac fibrosis and inflammation. Heart Rhythm 2024:S1547-5271(24)02389-0. [PMID: 38636927 DOI: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2024.04.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heart failure is usually accompanied by activation of the sympathetic nerve, and excessive activation of the sympathetic nerve promotes cardiac remodeling and cardiac dysfunction. In the isoproterenol (ISO)-induced animal model, it is often accompanied by myocardial hypertrophy, fibrosis, and inflammation. Leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor B4a (Lilrb4a), an immunosuppressive regulatory receptor, plays a vital role in cardiovascular disease. However, the effect of Lilrb4a on ventricular arrhythmia in an ISO-induced mouse model remains unclear. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to explore the role and molecular mechanism of Lilrb4a in ISO-induced arrhythmogenic remodeling. METHODS Lilrb4a knockout mice and Lilrb4a overexpression mice were infused with ISO (15 mg/kg per 24 hours, 4 weeks). Echocardiography and histology evaluations of myocardial hypertrophy and cardiac structural remodeling were conducted. Surface electrocardiography and electrophysiologic examination were used to evaluate cardiac electrical remodeling and susceptibility to ventricular arrhythmias. Quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction analysis and Western blotting were used to detect the expression levels of ion channel proteins and signal pathway proteins. RESULTS The results discovered that ISO induced cardiac hypertrophy, fibrosis, and inflammation and led to electrical remodeling and the occurrence of ventricular arrhythmias. Lilrb4a alleviated cardiac structural and electrical remodeling and protected against the occurrence of ventricular arrhythmias in ISO-induced mice by gain-of-function or loss-of-function approaches. The mechanism is that Lilrb4a inhibited NF-κB signaling and MAPK signaling activation mediated by transforming growth factor kinase 1. CONCLUSION Lilrb4a alleviates cardiac dysfunction and ISO-induced arrhythmogenic remodeling associated with cardiac fibrosis and inflammation through the regulation of NF-κB signaling and MAPK signaling activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Fu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Bin Kong
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Shuai
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jun Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xi Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanhong Tang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - He Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Congxin Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China.
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Zhao J, Andreev I, Silva HM. Resident tissue macrophages: Key coordinators of tissue homeostasis beyond immunity. Sci Immunol 2024; 9:eadd1967. [PMID: 38608039 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.add1967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Resident tissue macrophages (RTMs) encompass a highly diverse set of cells abundantly present in every tissue and organ. RTMs are recognized as central players in innate immune responses, and more recently their importance beyond host defense has started to be highlighted. Despite sharing a universal name and several canonical markers, RTMs perform remarkably specialized activities tailored to sustain critical homeostatic functions of the organs they reside in. These cells can mediate neuronal communication, participate in metabolic pathways, and secrete growth factors. In this Review, we summarize how the division of labor among different RTM subsets helps support tissue homeostasis. We discuss how the local microenvironment influences the development of RTMs, the molecular processes they support, and how dysregulation of RTMs can lead to disease. Last, we highlight both the similarities and tissue-specific distinctions of key RTM subsets, aiming to coalesce recent classifications and perspectives into a unified view.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Zhao
- Laboratory of Immunophysiology, Ragon Institute of Mass General, MIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Ilya Andreev
- Laboratory of Immunophysiology, Ragon Institute of Mass General, MIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Hernandez Moura Silva
- Laboratory of Immunophysiology, Ragon Institute of Mass General, MIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
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Rodríguez NA, Patel N, Dariolli R, Ng S, Aleman AG, Gong JQ, Lin HM, Rodríguez M, Josowitz R, Sol-Church K, Gripp KW, Lin X, Song SC, Fishman GI, Sobie EA, Gelb BD. HRAS-Mutant Cardiomyocyte Model of Multifocal Atrial Tachycardia. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol 2024; 17:e012022. [PMID: 38415356 PMCID: PMC11021157 DOI: 10.1161/circep.123.012022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Germline HRAS gain-of-function pathogenic variants cause Costello syndrome (CS). During early childhood, 50% of patients develop multifocal atrial tachycardia, a treatment-resistant tachyarrhythmia of unknown pathogenesis. This study investigated how overactive HRAS activity triggers arrhythmogenesis in atrial-like cardiomyocytes (ACMs) derived from human-induced pluripotent stem cells bearing CS-associated HRAS variants. METHODS HRAS Gly12 mutations were introduced into a human-induced pluripotent stem cells-ACM reporter line. Human-induced pluripotent stem cells were generated from patients with CS exhibiting tachyarrhythmia. Calcium transients and action potentials were assessed in induced pluripotent stem cell-derived ACMs. Automated patch clamping assessed funny currents. HCN inhibitors targeted pacemaker-like activity in mutant ACMs. Transcriptomic data were analyzed via differential gene expression and gene ontology. Immunoblotting evaluated protein expression associated with calcium handling and pacemaker-nodal expression. RESULTS ACMs harboring HRAS variants displayed higher beating rates compared with healthy controls. The hyperpolarization activated cyclic nucleotide gated potassium channel inhibitor ivabradine and the Nav1.5 blocker flecainide significantly decreased beating rates in mutant ACMs, whereas voltage-gated calcium channel 1.2 blocker verapamil attenuated their irregularity. Electrophysiological assessment revealed an increased number of pacemaker-like cells with elevated funny current densities among mutant ACMs. Mutant ACMs demonstrated elevated gene expression (ie, ISL1, TBX3, TBX18) related to intracellular calcium homeostasis, heart rate, RAS signaling, and induction of pacemaker-nodal-like transcriptional programming. Immunoblotting confirmed increased protein levels for genes of interest and suppressed MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase) activity in mutant ACMs. CONCLUSIONS CS-associated gain-of-function HRASG12 mutations in induced pluripotent stem cells-derived ACMs trigger transcriptional changes associated with enhanced automaticity and arrhythmic activity consistent with multifocal atrial tachycardia. This is the first human-induced pluripotent stem cell model establishing the mechanistic basis for multifocal atrial tachycardia in CS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nelson A. Rodríguez
- Mindich Child Health & Development Inst, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Nihir Patel
- Mindich Child Health & Development Inst, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Rafael Dariolli
- Dept of Pharmacological Sciences & Systems Biology Ctr New York, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Simon Ng
- Mindich Child Health & Development Inst, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Angelika G. Aleman
- Mindich Child Health & Development Inst, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Jingqi Q.X. Gong
- Dept of Pharmacological Sciences & Systems Biology Ctr New York, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Hung-Mo Lin
- Yale Center for Analytical Sciences (YCAS), New Haven, CT
| | - Matthew Rodríguez
- Mindich Child Health & Development Inst, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Rebecca Josowitz
- Division of Cardiology, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Katia Sol-Church
- Dept of Pathology, Univ of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Karen W. Gripp
- Division of Medical Genetics; Al duPont Hospital for Children/Nemours, Wilmington, DE
| | - Xianming Lin
- Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology; New York Univ School of Medicine
| | - Soomin C. Song
- Ion Lab, Dept of Pathology, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY
| | - Glenn I. Fishman
- Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology; New York Univ School of Medicine
| | - Eric A. Sobie
- Dept of Pharmacological Sciences & Systems Biology Ctr New York, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Bruce D. Gelb
- Mindich Child Health & Development Inst, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
- Depts of Pediatrics & Genetics and Genomic Sciences; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
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Kieda J, Shakeri A, Landau S, Wang EY, Zhao Y, Lai BF, Okhovatian S, Wang Y, Jiang R, Radisic M. Advances in cardiac tissue engineering and heart-on-a-chip. J Biomed Mater Res A 2024; 112:492-511. [PMID: 37909362 PMCID: PMC11213712 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Recent advances in both cardiac tissue engineering and hearts-on-a-chip are grounded in new biomaterial development as well as the employment of innovative fabrication techniques that enable precise control of the mechanical, electrical, and structural properties of the cardiac tissues being modelled. The elongated structure of cardiomyocytes requires tuning of substrate properties and application of biophysical stimuli to drive its mature phenotype. Landmark advances have already been achieved with induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiac patches that advanced to human testing. Heart-on-a-chip platforms are now commonly used by a number of pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies. Here, we provide an overview of cardiac physiology in order to better define the requirements for functional tissue recapitulation. We then discuss the biomaterials most commonly used in both cardiac tissue engineering and heart-on-a-chip, followed by the discussion of recent representative studies in both fields. We outline significant challenges common to both fields, specifically: scalable tissue fabrication and platform standardization, improving cellular fidelity through effective tissue vascularization, achieving adult tissue maturation, and ultimately developing cryopreservation protocols so that the tissues are available off the shelf.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Kieda
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Terrence Donnelly Centre for Cellular & Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Amid Shakeri
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Terrence Donnelly Centre for Cellular & Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shira Landau
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Terrence Donnelly Centre for Cellular & Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Erika Yan Wang
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Yimu Zhao
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Benjamin Fook Lai
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Terrence Donnelly Centre for Cellular & Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sargol Okhovatian
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Terrence Donnelly Centre for Cellular & Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ying Wang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Terrence Donnelly Centre for Cellular & Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Richard Jiang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Terrence Donnelly Centre for Cellular & Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Milica Radisic
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Terrence Donnelly Centre for Cellular & Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Jin J, Wang Y, Liu Y, Chakrabarti S, Su Z. Cardiac resident macrophages: Spatiotemporal distribution, development, physiological functions, and their translational potential on cardiac diseases. Acta Pharm Sin B 2024; 14:1483-1493. [PMID: 38572111 PMCID: PMC10985034 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2023.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiac resident macrophages (CRMs) are the main population of cardiac immune cells. The role of these cells in regeneration, functional remodeling, and repair after cardiac injury is always the focus of research. However, in recent years, their dynamic changes and contributions in physiological states have a significant attention. CRMs have specific phenotypes and functions in different cardiac chambers or locations of the heart and at different stages. They further show specific differentiation and development processes. The present review will summarize the new progress about the spatiotemporal distribution, potential developmental regulation, and their roles in cardiac development and aging as well as the translational potential of CRMs on cardiac diseases. Of course, the research tools for CRMs, their respective advantages and disadvantages, and key issues on CRMs will further be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Jin
- International Genome Center, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
- Institute for Medical Immunology, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Yurou Wang
- International Genome Center, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
- Institute for Medical Immunology, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Yueqin Liu
- Center Laboratory, the Fourth People's Hospital of Zhenjiang, Zhenjiang 212008, China
| | - Subrata Chakrabarti
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Western University, London, Ontario N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Zhaoliang Su
- International Genome Center, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
- Institute for Medical Immunology, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
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42
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Wang S, Xuan L, Hu X, Sun F, Li S, Li X, Yang H, Guo J, Duan X, Luo H, Xin J, Chen J, Hao J, Cui S, Liu D, Jiao L, Zhang Y, Du Z, Sun L. LncRNA CCRR Attenuates Postmyocardial Infarction Inflammatory Response by Inhibiting the TLR Signalling Pathway. Can J Cardiol 2024; 40:710-725. [PMID: 38081511 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2023.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Timely and proper suppression of inflammation can effectively reduce myocardial injury and promote the postmyocardial infarction (post-MI) wound-healing process. We have previously found that cardiac conduction regulatory RNA (CCRR), a long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) transcribed by the gene located on chromosome 9, with abundant expression in the heart, elicits antiarrhythmic effects in heart failure, and this is a continuing study on the role of CCRR in MI. METHODS CCRR was overexpressed in CCRR transgenic mice or after injection of adeno-associated virus-9 (AAV-9). MI surgery was performed, and cardiac function was assessed in vivo by echocardiography, followed by histologic analyses. Western blot analysis and qRT-PCR were performed to investigate the effects of CCRR on macrophages, cardiomyocytes, and cardiomyocytes cocultured with macrophages. Through microarray analysis and RNA-binding protein immunoprecipitation (RIP) and other related techniques were also employed to study the effects of CCRR on Toll-like receptor (TLR)2 and TLR4. RESULTS We found that CCRR level was significantly decreased with increases in proinflammatory cytokines and activation of the TLR signalling pathway in the heart of the 3-day MI mice. CCRR overexpression downregulated TLR2 and TLR4 in MI and effectively inhibited the inflammatory responses in primary cardiomyocytes and macrophages cultured under hypoxic conditions. Downregulation of CCRR induced excessive inflammatory responses by activating the TLR signalling pathway. CCRR acted by suppressing TLR2 and TLR4 to inhibit the secretion of proinflammatory factors to reduce infarct size, thereby improving cardiac function. CONCLUSIONS CCRR protected cardiomyocytes against MI injury by suppressing inflammatory response through targeting the TLR signalling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengjie Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Harbin Medical University (National Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Disease, the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education, Joint International Research Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Lina Xuan
- Department of Pharmacology, Harbin Medical University (National Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Disease, the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education, Joint International Research Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xiaolin Hu
- Department of Pharmacology, Harbin Medical University (National Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Disease, the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education, Joint International Research Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Feihan Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, Harbin Medical University (National Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Disease, the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education, Joint International Research Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Siyun Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Harbin Medical University (National Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Disease, the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education, Joint International Research Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xiufang Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Harbin Medical University (National Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Disease, the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education, Joint International Research Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Hua Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Harbin Medical University (National Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Disease, the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education, Joint International Research Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jianjun Guo
- Department of Pharmacology, Harbin Medical University (National Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Disease, the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education, Joint International Research Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xiaomeng Duan
- Department of Pharmacology, Harbin Medical University (National Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Disease, the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education, Joint International Research Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Huishan Luo
- Department of Pharmacology, Harbin Medical University (National Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Disease, the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education, Joint International Research Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jieru Xin
- Department of Pharmacology, Harbin Medical University (National Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Disease, the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education, Joint International Research Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, Harbin Medical University (National Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Disease, the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education, Joint International Research Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Junwei Hao
- Department of Pharmacology, Harbin Medical University (National Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Disease, the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education, Joint International Research Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Shijia Cui
- Department of Pharmacology, Harbin Medical University (National Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Disease, the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education, Joint International Research Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Dongping Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Harbin Medical University (National Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Disease, the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education, Joint International Research Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Lei Jiao
- Department of Pharmacology, Harbin Medical University (National Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Disease, the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education, Joint International Research Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Harbin Medical University (National Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Disease, the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education, Joint International Research Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Zhimin Du
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University (University Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Heilongjiang Province), Harbin, China; Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China.
| | - Lihua Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, Harbin Medical University (National Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Disease, the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education, Joint International Research Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.
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Zheng Y, Wang Y, Qi B, Lang Y, Zhang Z, Ma J, Lou M, Liang X, Chang Y, Zhao Q, Gao W, Li T. IL6/adiponectin/HMGB1 feedback loop mediates adipocyte and macrophage crosstalk and M2 polarization after myocardial infarction. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1368516. [PMID: 38601146 PMCID: PMC11004445 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1368516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Differences in border zone contribute to different outcomes post-infarction, such as left ventricular aneurysm (LVA) and myocardial infarction (MI). LVA usually forms within 24 h of the onset of MI and may cause heart rupture; however, LVA surgery is best performed 3 months after MI. Few studies have investigated the LVA model, the differences in border zones between LVA and MI, and the mechanism in the border zone. Methods The LVA, MI, and SHAM mouse models were used. Echocardiography, Masson's trichrome staining, and immunofluorescence staining were performed, and RNA sequencing of the border zone was conducted. The adipocyte-conditioned medium-treated hypoxic macrophage cell line and LVA and MI mouse models were employed to determine the effects of the hub gene, adiponectin (ADPN), on macrophages. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), Western blot analysis, transmission electron microscopy, and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays were conducted to elucidate the mechanism in the border zone. Human subepicardial adipose tissue and blood samples were collected to validate the effects of ADPN. Results A novel, simple, consistent, and low-cost LVA mouse model was constructed. LVA caused a greater reduction in contractile functions than MI owing to reduced wall thickness and edema in the border zone. ADPN impeded cardiac edema and promoted lymphangiogenesis by increasing macrophage infiltration post-infarction. Adipocyte-derived ADPN promoted M2 polarization and sustained mitochondrial quality via the ADPN/AdipoR2/HMGB1 axis. Mechanistically, ADPN impeded macrophage HMGB1 inflammation and decreased interleukin-6 (IL6) and HMGB1 secretion. The secretion of IL6 and HMGB1 increased ADPN expression via STAT3 and the co-transcription factor, YAP, in adipocytes. Based on ChIP and Dual-Glo luciferase experiments, STAT3 promoted ADPN transcription by binding to its promoter in adipocytes. In vivo, ADPN promoted lymphangiogenesis and decreased myocardial injury after MI. These phenotypes were rescued by macrophage depletion or HMGB1 knockdown in macrophages. Supplying adipocytes overexpressing STAT3 decreased collagen disposition, increased lymphangiogenesis, and impaired myocardial injury. However, these effects were rescued after HMGB1 knockdown in macrophages. Overall, the IL6/ADPN/HMGB1 axis was validated using human subepicardial tissue and blood samples. This axis could serve as an independent factor in overweight MI patients who need coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) treatment. Conclusion The IL6/ADPN/HMGB1 loop between adipocytes and macrophages in the border zone contributes to different clinical outcomes post-infarction. Thus, targeting the IL6/ADPN/HMGB1 loop may be a novel therapeutic approach for cardiac lymphatic regulation and reduction of cell senescence post-infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zheng
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- Department of Heart Center, The Third Central Hospital of Tianjin, Nankai University Affiliated Third Center Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Department of Heart Center, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Extracorporeal Life Support for Critical Diseases, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuchao Wang
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- Department of Heart Center, The Third Central Hospital of Tianjin, Nankai University Affiliated Third Center Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Department of Heart Center, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Extracorporeal Life Support for Critical Diseases, Tianjin, China
| | - Bingcai Qi
- Department of Heart Center, The Third Central Hospital of Tianjin, Nankai University Affiliated Third Center Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Department of Heart Center, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Extracorporeal Life Support for Critical Diseases, Tianjin, China
- The Third Central Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuheng Lang
- Department of Heart Center, The Third Central Hospital of Tianjin, Nankai University Affiliated Third Center Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Department of Heart Center, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Extracorporeal Life Support for Critical Diseases, Tianjin, China
- Department of Heart Center, Tianjin Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Treatment and Training Base, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhibin Zhang
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- Department of Heart Center, The Third Central Hospital of Tianjin, Nankai University Affiliated Third Center Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Department of Heart Center, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Extracorporeal Life Support for Critical Diseases, Tianjin, China
| | - Jie Ma
- Department of Heart Center, Tianjin Kang Ting Biological Engineering Group CO. LTD, Tianjin, China
| | - Minming Lou
- Department of Heart Center, Tianjin Kang Ting Biological Engineering Group CO. LTD, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaoyu Liang
- Department of Heart Center, The Third Central Hospital of Tianjin, Nankai University Affiliated Third Center Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Department of Heart Center, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Extracorporeal Life Support for Critical Diseases, Tianjin, China
- Department of Heart Center, Tianjin Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Treatment and Training Base, Tianjin, China
| | - Yun Chang
- Department of Heart Center, The Third Central Hospital of Tianjin, Nankai University Affiliated Third Center Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Department of Heart Center, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Extracorporeal Life Support for Critical Diseases, Tianjin, China
- Department of Heart Center, Tianjin Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Treatment and Training Base, Tianjin, China
| | - Qiang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials (Ministry of Education), Frontiers Science Center for Cell Responses, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Wenqing Gao
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- Department of Heart Center, The Third Central Hospital of Tianjin, Nankai University Affiliated Third Center Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Department of Heart Center, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Extracorporeal Life Support for Critical Diseases, Tianjin, China
- Department of Heart Center, Tianjin Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Treatment and Training Base, Tianjin, China
| | - Tong Li
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- Department of Heart Center, The Third Central Hospital of Tianjin, Nankai University Affiliated Third Center Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Department of Heart Center, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Extracorporeal Life Support for Critical Diseases, Tianjin, China
- The Third Central Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Department of Heart Center, Tianjin Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Treatment and Training Base, Tianjin, China
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Ninni S, Dombrowicz D, de Winther M, Staels B, Montaigne D, Nattel S. Genetic Factors Altering Immune Responses in Atrial Fibrillation: JACC Review Topic of the Week. J Am Coll Cardiol 2024; 83:1163-1176. [PMID: 38508850 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2023.12.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac arrhythmia worldwide and is associated with a range of adverse clinical outcomes. Accumulating evidence points to inflammatory processes resulting from innate immune responses as a cornerstone in AF pathogenesis. Genetic and epigenetic factors affecting leukocytes have been identified as key modulators of the inflammatory response. Inherited variants in genes encoding proteins involved in the innate immune response have been associated with increased risk for AF recurrence and stroke in AF patients. Furthermore, acquired somatic mutations associated with clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential, leukocyte telomere shortening, and epigenetic age acceleration contribute to increased AF risk. In individuals carrying clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential, myocardial monocyte-derived macrophage shift toward a proinflammatory phenotype may precipitate AF. Further studies are needed to better understand the role of genetic regulation of the native immune response in atrial arrhythmogenesis and its therapeutic potential as a target for personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandro Ninni
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011-EGID, Lille, France; Department of Medicine and Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute and Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - David Dombrowicz
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011-EGID, Lille, France
| | - Menno de Winther
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences: Atherosclerosis & Ischemic Syndromes; Amsterdam Infection and Immunity: Inflammatory diseases; Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Bart Staels
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011-EGID, Lille, France
| | - David Montaigne
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011-EGID, Lille, France
| | - Stanley Nattel
- Department of Medicine and Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute and Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, West German Heart and Vascular Center Essen, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany; Institut hospitalo-universitaire Liryc and Fondation Bordeaux Université, Bordeaux, France.
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Hoque MM, Gbadegoye JO, Hassan FO, Raafat A, Lebeche D. Cardiac fibrogenesis: an immuno-metabolic perspective. Front Physiol 2024; 15:1336551. [PMID: 38577624 PMCID: PMC10993884 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1336551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiac fibrosis is a major and complex pathophysiological process that ultimately culminates in cardiac dysfunction and heart failure. This phenomenon includes not only the replacement of the damaged tissue by a fibrotic scar produced by activated fibroblasts/myofibroblasts but also a spatiotemporal alteration of the structural, biochemical, and biomechanical parameters in the ventricular wall, eliciting a reactive remodeling process. Though mechanical stress, post-infarct homeostatic imbalances, and neurohormonal activation are classically attributed to cardiac fibrosis, emerging evidence that supports the roles of immune system modulation, inflammation, and metabolic dysregulation in the initiation and progression of cardiac fibrogenesis has been reported. Adaptive changes, immune cell phenoconversions, and metabolic shifts in the cardiac nonmyocyte population provide initial protection, but persistent altered metabolic demand eventually contributes to adverse remodeling of the heart. Altered energy metabolism, mitochondrial dysfunction, various immune cells, immune mediators, and cross-talks between the immune cells and cardiomyocytes play crucial roles in orchestrating the transdifferentiation of fibroblasts and ensuing fibrotic remodeling of the heart. Manipulation of the metabolic plasticity, fibroblast-myofibroblast transition, and modulation of the immune response may hold promise for favorably modulating the fibrotic response following different cardiovascular pathological processes. Although the immunologic and metabolic perspectives of fibrosis in the heart are being reported in the literature, they lack a comprehensive sketch bridging these two arenas and illustrating the synchrony between them. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the intricate relationship between different cardiac immune cells and metabolic pathways as well as summarizes the current understanding of the involvement of immune-metabolic pathways in cardiac fibrosis and attempts to identify some of the previously unaddressed questions that require further investigation. Moreover, the potential therapeutic strategies and emerging pharmacological interventions, including immune and metabolic modulators, that show promise in preventing or attenuating cardiac fibrosis and restoring cardiac function will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Monirul Hoque
- Departments of Physiology, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
- College of Graduate Health Sciences, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Joy Olaoluwa Gbadegoye
- Departments of Physiology, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
- College of Graduate Health Sciences, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Fasilat Oluwakemi Hassan
- Departments of Physiology, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
- College of Graduate Health Sciences, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Amr Raafat
- Departments of Physiology, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Djamel Lebeche
- Departments of Physiology, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
- College of Graduate Health Sciences, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
- Medicine-Cardiology, College of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
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Li Z, Wang S, Qin Y, Yang B, Wang C, Lu T, Xu J, Zhu L, Yuan C, Han W. Gabapentin attenuates cardiac remodeling after myocardial infarction by inhibiting M1 macrophage polarization through the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ pathway. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 967:176398. [PMID: 38350591 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Inflammation regulates ventricular remodeling after myocardial infarction (MI), and gabapentin exerts anti-inflammatory effects. We investigated the anti-inflammatory role and mechanism of gabapentin after MI. METHODS Rats were divided into the sham group (n = 12), MI group (n = 20), and MI + gabapentin group (n = 16). MI was induced by left coronary artery ligation. The effects of gabapentin on THP-1-derived macrophages were examined in vitro. RESULTS In vivo, 1 week after MI, gabapentin significantly reduced inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS; M1 macrophage marker) expression and decreased pro-inflammatory factors (tumor necrosis factor [TNF]-α and interleukin [IL]-1β). Gabapentin upregulated the M2 macrophage marker arginase-1, as well as CD163 expression, and increased the expression of anti-inflammatory factors, including chitinase-like 3, IL-10, and transforming growth factor-β. Four weeks after MI, cardiac function, infarct size, and cardiac fibrosis improved after gabapentin treatment. Gabapentin inhibited sympathetic nerve activity and decreased ventricular electrical instability in rats after MI. Tyrosine hydroxylase and growth-associated protein 43 were suppressed after gabapentin treatment. Gabapentin downregulated nerve growth factor (NGF) and reduced pro-inflammatory factors (iNOS, TNF-α, and IL-1β). In vitro, gabapentin reduced NGF, iNOS, TNF-α, and IL-1β expression in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated macrophages. Mechanistic studies revealed that the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ antagonist GW9662 attenuated the effects of gabapentin. Moreover, gabapentin reduced α2δ1 expression in the macrophage plasma membrane and reduced the calcium content of macrophages. CONCLUSION Gabapentin attenuates cardiac remodeling by inhibiting inflammation via peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ activation and preventing calcium overload.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenjun Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Shaoxian Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Ying Qin
- College of Sports and Human Sciences, Harbin Sport University, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Bo Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Chengcheng Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Tianyi Lu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Jie Xu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Lige Zhu
- Medical Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hei Long Jiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Chen Yuan
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Wei Han
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China; Department of Heart Failure, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200120, China.
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Constanty F, Wu B, Wei KH, Lin IT, Dallmann J, Guenther S, Lautenschlaeger T, Priya R, Lai SL, Stainier DYR, Beisaw A. Border-zone cardiomyocytes and macrophages contribute to remodeling of the extracellular matrix to promote cardiomyocyte invasion during zebrafish cardiac regeneration. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.03.12.584570. [PMID: 38559277 PMCID: PMC10980021 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.12.584570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Despite numerous advances in our understanding of zebrafish cardiac regeneration, an aspect that remains less studied is how regenerating cardiomyocytes invade, and eventually replace, the collagen-containing fibrotic tissue following injury. Here, we provide an in-depth analysis of the process of cardiomyocyte invasion using live-imaging and histological approaches. We observed close interactions between protruding cardiomyocytes and macrophages at the wound border zone, and macrophage-deficient irf8 mutant zebrafish exhibited defects in extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling and cardiomyocyte protrusion into the injured area. Using a resident macrophage ablation model, we show that defects in ECM remodeling at the border zone and subsequent cardiomyocyte protrusion can be partly attributed to a population of resident macrophages. Single-cell RNA-sequencing analysis of cells at the wound border revealed a population of cardiomyocytes and macrophages with fibroblast-like gene expression signatures, including the expression of genes encoding ECM structural proteins and ECM-remodeling proteins. The expression of mmp14b , which encodes a membrane-anchored matrix metalloproteinase, was restricted to cells in the border zone, including cardiomyocytes, macrophages, fibroblasts, and endocardial/endothelial cells. Genetic deletion of mmp14b led to a decrease in 1) macrophage recruitment to the border zone, 2) collagen degradation at the border zone, and 3) subsequent cardiomyocyte invasion. Furthermore, cardiomyocyte-specific overexpression of mmp14b was sufficient to enhance cardiomyocyte invasion into the injured tissue and along the apical surface of the wound. Altogether, our data shed important insights into the process of cardiomyocyte invasion of the collagen-containing injured tissue during cardiac regeneration. They further suggest that cardiomyocytes and resident macrophages contribute to ECM remodeling at the border zone to promote cardiomyocyte replenishment of the fibrotic injured tissue.
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Raniga K, Nasir A, Vo NTN, Vaidyanathan R, Dickerson S, Hilcove S, Mosqueira D, Mirams GR, Clements P, Hicks R, Pointon A, Stebbeds W, Francis J, Denning C. Strengthening cardiac therapy pipelines using human pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes. Cell Stem Cell 2024; 31:292-311. [PMID: 38366587 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2024.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
Advances in hiPSC isolation and reprogramming and hPSC-CM differentiation have prompted their therapeutic application and utilization for evaluating potential cardiovascular safety liabilities. In this perspective, we showcase key efforts toward the large-scale production of hiPSC-CMs, implementation of hiPSC-CMs in industry settings, and recent clinical applications of this technology. The key observations are a need for traceable gender and ethnically diverse hiPSC lines, approaches to reduce cost of scale-up, accessible clinical trial datasets, and transparent guidelines surrounding the safety and efficacy of hiPSC-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kavita Raniga
- The Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK; Pathology, Non-Clinical Safety, GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Stevenage SG1 2NY, UK.
| | - Aishah Nasir
- The Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Nguyen T N Vo
- The Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | | | | | | | - Diogo Mosqueira
- The Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Gary R Mirams
- Centre for Mathematical Medicine & Biology, School of Mathematical Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Peter Clements
- Pathology, Non-Clinical Safety, GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Stevenage SG1 2NY, UK
| | - Ryan Hicks
- BioPharmaceuticals R&D Cell Therapy Department, Research and Early Development, Cardiovascular, Renal, and Metabolism (CVRM), BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden; School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine & Sciences, King's College London, London WC2R 2LS, UK
| | - Amy Pointon
- Safety Sciences, Clinical Pharmacology and Safety Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge CB2 0AA, UK
| | | | - Jo Francis
- Mechanstic Biology and Profiling, Discovery Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge CB2 0AA, UK
| | - Chris Denning
- The Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK.
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Kopecky BJ, Lavine KJ. Cardiac macrophage metabolism in health and disease. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2024; 35:249-262. [PMID: 37993313 PMCID: PMC10949041 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2023.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Cardiac macrophages are essential mediators of cardiac development, tissue homeostasis, and response to injury. Cell-intrinsic shifts in metabolism and availability of metabolites regulate macrophage function. The human and mouse heart contain a heterogeneous compilation of cardiac macrophages that are derived from at least two distinct lineages. In this review, we detail the unique functional roles and metabolic profiles of tissue-resident and monocyte-derived cardiac macrophages during embryonic development and adult tissue homeostasis and in response to pathologic and physiologic stressors. We discuss the metabolic preferences of each macrophage lineage and how metabolism influences monocyte fate specification. Finally, we highlight the contribution of cardiac macrophages and derived metabolites on cell-cell communication, metabolic health, and disease pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin J Kopecky
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Kory J Lavine
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
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Qin D, Zhang Y, Liu F, Xu X, Jiang H, Su Z, Xia L. Spatiotemporal development and the regulatory mechanisms of cardiac resident macrophages: Contribution in cardiac development and steady state. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2024; 240:e14088. [PMID: 38230805 DOI: 10.1111/apha.14088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Cardiac resident macrophages (CRMs) are integral components of the heart and play significant roles in cardiac development, steady-state, and injury. Advances in sequencing technology have revealed that CRMs are a highly heterogeneous population, with significant differences in phenotype and function at different developmental stages and locations within the heart. In addition to research focused on diseases, recent years have witnessed a heightened interest in elucidating the involvement of CRMs in heart development and the maintenance of cardiac function. In this review, we primarily concentrated on summarizing the developmental trajectories, both spatial and temporal, of CRMs and their impact on cardiac development and steady-state. Moreover, we discuss the possible factors by which the cardiac microenvironment regulates macrophages from the perspectives of migration, proliferation, and differentiation under physiological conditions. Gaining insight into the spatiotemporal heterogeneity and regulatory mechanisms of CRMs is of paramount importance in comprehending the involvement of macrophages in cardiac development, injury, and repair, and also provides new ideas and therapeutic methods for treating heart diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Demeng Qin
- Institute of Hematological Disease, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- International Genome Center, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Fang Liu
- International Genome Center, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- Institute of Medical Immunology, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Xiang Xu
- Department of Business, Yancheng Blood Center, Yancheng, China
| | - Haiqiang Jiang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Jiangyin Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuxi, China
| | - Zhaoliang Su
- International Genome Center, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- Institute of Medical Immunology, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Lin Xia
- Institute of Hematological Disease, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- International Genome Center, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
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