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Guo D, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Duan J, Guan F, Hou B. Effects of marine eutrophication environment on microbial corrosion: A review. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2024; 205:116637. [PMID: 38955090 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.116637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Metal materials undergo severe corrosion in eutrophic environments. The effect of DO decay stimulated by high concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants on microorganisms leads to the coupling of electrochemical and microbial corrosion processes. However, there are few studies on microbial corrosion mechanisms in eutrophic environments. This article discusses the corrosive factors of marine eutrophication, summarizes the impact of marine eutrophication on microbial corrosion and the potential mechanisms, including aerobic biofilm corrosion, aerobic & anaerobic mixed biofilm corrosion, and anaerobic microbial electron transfer corrosion, and expounds on the research methods for microbial corrosion of materials serving in estuarine areas prone to pollution. Microbial prevention and control, such as nutrient restriction and microbial interspecies competition, are of research value in the field of green protection. Microbial corrosion mechanisms studies in marine eutrophication environments are significant for environment monitor development, water intake and algae control technologies, and corrosion protection in polluted environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ding Guo
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Marine Materials, Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Corrosion and Bio-fouling, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 88 Haijun Road, Qingdao 266071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 Yuquan Road, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Yanan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Marine Materials, Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Corrosion and Bio-fouling, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 88 Haijun Road, Qingdao 266071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 Yuquan Road, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Yimeng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Marine Materials, Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Corrosion and Bio-fouling, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 88 Haijun Road, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Jizhou Duan
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Marine Materials, Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Corrosion and Bio-fouling, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 88 Haijun Road, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Fang Guan
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Marine Materials, Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Corrosion and Bio-fouling, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 88 Haijun Road, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Baorong Hou
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Marine Materials, Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Corrosion and Bio-fouling, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 88 Haijun Road, Qingdao 266071, China
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Wang H, Chen K, Jin H, Hu R. Interspecific Differences in Carbon and Nitrogen Metabolism and Leaf Epiphytic Bacteria among Three Submerged Macrophytes in Response to Elevated Ammonia Nitrogen Concentrations. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1427. [PMID: 38891236 PMCID: PMC11174776 DOI: 10.3390/plants13111427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Submerged macrophytes in eutrophic aquatic environments adapt to changes in ammonia nitrogen (NH4-N) levels by modifying their levels of free amino acids (FAAs) and soluble carbohydrates (SCs). As symbionts of submerged macrophytes, epiphytic bacteria have obvious host specificity. In the present study, the interspecific differences in the FAA and SC contents of Hydrilla verticillata (Linn. f.) Roylep, Vallisneria natans Hara and Chara braunii Gmelin and their leaf epiphytic bacterial communities were assessed in response to increased NH4-N concentrations. The results revealed that the response of the three submerged macrophytes to NH4-N stress involved the consumption of SCs and the production of FAAs. The NH4-N concentration had a greater impact on the variation in the FAA content, whereas the variation in the SC content was primarily influenced by the species. At the phylum level, the relative abundance of Nitrospirota on the leaves exhibited specific differences, with the order H. verticillata > V. natans > C. braunii. The dominant genera of epiphytic bacteria with denitrification effects on V. natans, H. verticillata and C. braunii leaves were Halomonas, Acinetobacter and Bacillus, respectively. When faced with NH4-N stress, the variation in epiphytic bacterial populations associated with ammonia oxidation and denitrification among submerged macrophytes could contribute to their divergent responses to heightened nitrogen levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heyun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Health Perception and Ecological Restoration of River and Lake, Ministry of Education, Innovation Demonstration Base of Ecological Environment Geotechnical and Ecological Restoration of Rivers and Lakes, School of Civil Engineering, Architecture and Environment, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China; (K.C.)
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Li W, Dai T, Liu J, Zhong J, Wu K, Gao G, Chen Y, Fan H. Ferric- and calcium-loaded red soil assist colonization of submerged macrophyte for the in-situ remediation of eutrophic shallow lake: From mesocosm experiment to field enclosure application. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 924:171730. [PMID: 38492603 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
Eutrophication and its resulting harmful algal blooms greatly reduce the ecosystem services of natural waters. The use of modified clay materials to assist the phytoremediation of eutrophic water is a promising technique. In this study, ferric chloride and calcium hydroxide were respectively loaded on red soil for algal flocculation and phosphorus inactivation. A two-by-two factorial mesocosm experiment with and without the application of ferric- and calcium- loaded red soil (FA), and with and without planting the submerged macrophyte Vallisneria natans was conducted for the in-situ repair of eutrophic water and sediment. Furthermore, field enclosure application was carried out to verify the feasibility of the technology. At the end of the mesocosm experiment, the total phosphorus, total nitrogen, and ammonia nitrogen concentrations in water were reduced by 81.8 %, 63.3 %, and 62.0 %, respectively, and orthophosphate phosphorus concentration in the sediment-water interface decreased by 90.2 % in the FA + V. natans group compared with those in the control group. The concentration and proportion of chlorophyll-a in cyanobacteria decreased by 89.8 % and 71.2 %, respectively, in the FA + V. natans group. The content of active phosphorus in V. natans decreased and that of inert phosphorus increased in the FA + V. natans group, compared with those in the V. natans alone group, thus may reducing the risk of phosphorus release after decomposing of V. natans. The sediment bacterial diversity index did not change significantly among treatments. Field enclosure application have also been successful, with chlorophyll-a concentration in the water of treated enclosure decreased from above 200 μg/L to below 10 μg/L, and phosphorus concentration in the water decreased from >0.6 mg/L to <0.02 mg/L. These results demonstrated that the FA in combination with submerged macrophyte planting had great potential for the in-situ remediation of eutrophic water, especially those with severe algal blooms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Intelligent Monitoring and Integrated Restoration of Watershed Ecosystem, Nanchang Institute of Technology, Nanchang, PR China
| | - Taotao Dai
- Jiangxi Provincial Eco-hydraulic Technology Innovation Center of Poyang Lake Basin, Jiangxi Academy of Water Science and Engineering, Nanchang, PR China
| | - Jinfu Liu
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Intelligent Monitoring and Integrated Restoration of Watershed Ecosystem, Nanchang Institute of Technology, Nanchang, PR China
| | - Jiayou Zhong
- Jiangxi Provincial Eco-hydraulic Technology Innovation Center of Poyang Lake Basin, Jiangxi Academy of Water Science and Engineering, Nanchang, PR China.
| | - Kun Wu
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, PR China.
| | - Guiqing Gao
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Intelligent Monitoring and Integrated Restoration of Watershed Ecosystem, Nanchang Institute of Technology, Nanchang, PR China
| | - Yuwei Chen
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Intelligent Monitoring and Integrated Restoration of Watershed Ecosystem, Nanchang Institute of Technology, Nanchang, PR China
| | - Houbao Fan
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Intelligent Monitoring and Integrated Restoration of Watershed Ecosystem, Nanchang Institute of Technology, Nanchang, PR China
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Hao Y, Shen J, Zhang Y, Xie P, Liu Y. Assessing the pollution level of a subtropical lake by using a novel hydrogen sulfide fluorescence technology. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 229:115916. [PMID: 37062483 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is an important environmental toxin with bi-directional biological effects on organisms. In natural waters, H2S complexes with heavy metal ions in an anaerobic environment influence heavy metals' bioavailability and induce phosphorus release and eutrophication in water columns. Traditional detection techniques, such as colorimetric, electrochemical, and chromatographic, cannot simultaneously detect H2S and pollution assessment of subtropical lakes. To address these technical defects, we developed small-molecule fluorescent probes to evaluate the pollution level in natural water bodies. This method relies on the combination of the probes' response signals to raw water and the water quality index, thereby enhancing the accuracy and reliability of water quality assessments. Furthermore, this novel material has a large Stokes shift. It can detect complex levels of H2S concentrations in natural water bodies by correlating the degree of contamination and fluorescence signals. The development of this visual research tool for detecting environmental H2S levels in natural water bodies is expected to have meaningful, practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Hao
- Institute for Ecological Research and Pollution Control of Plateau Lakes; School of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650500, PR China
| | - Jianping Shen
- Institute for Ecological Research and Pollution Control of Plateau Lakes; School of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650500, PR China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Institute for Ecological Research and Pollution Control of Plateau Lakes; School of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650500, PR China; Yunnan International Joint R&D Center of Smart Agriculture and Water Security, Kunming, 650201, PR China
| | - Ping Xie
- Institute for Ecological Research and Pollution Control of Plateau Lakes; School of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650500, PR China; Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, PR China.
| | - Yong Liu
- Institute for Ecological Research and Pollution Control of Plateau Lakes; School of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650500, PR China.
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Ren X, Wang Y, Zhang K, Ding Y, Zhang W, Wu M, Xiao B, Gu P. Transmission of Microcystins in Natural Systems and Resource Processes: A Review of Potential Risks to Humans Health. Toxins (Basel) 2023; 15:448. [PMID: 37505717 PMCID: PMC10467081 DOI: 10.3390/toxins15070448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The rapid rise of microcystins (MCs) poses a serious threat to global freshwater ecosystems and has become an important issue of global public health. MCs have considerable stability and are the most widely distributed hepatotoxins. It cannot only accumulate in aquatic organisms and transfer to higher nutrients and levels, but also be degraded or transferred during the resource utilization of cyanobacteria. No matter which enrichment method, it will lead to the risk of human exposure. This review summarizes the research status of MCs, and introduces the distribution of MCs in different components of aquatic ecosystems. The distribution of MCs in different aquatic organisms was summarized, and the potential risks of MCs in the environment to human safety were summarized. MCs have polluted all areas of aquatic ecosystems. In order to protect human life from the health threats caused by MCs, this paper also proposes some future research directions to promote MCs control and reduce human exposure to MCs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Peng Gu
- School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (X.R.); (Y.W.); (K.Z.); (Y.D.); (W.Z.); (M.W.); (B.X.)
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Yu Q, Wang H, Wang H, Xu C, Liu M, Ma Y, Li Y, Ma S, Hamilton DP, Jeppesen E. Effects of High Ammonium Loading on Two Submersed Macrophytes of Different Growth Form Based on an 18-Month Pond Experiment. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:939589. [PMID: 35909745 PMCID: PMC9330597 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.939589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Ammonium (NH4-N) produces a paradoxical effect on submersed macrophytes because it is not only the preferred nitrogen source for the growth of plants but also threatens the growth of plants at high concentration. Whether short-term and small-scale physiological toxicity experiments at an individual level can reflect the effects of high ammonium on populations of submersed macrophytes in natural conditions is still unclear. In this study, an 18-month experiment was conducted in six 600 m2 ponds subjected to different levels of ammonium loading. The effects of high ammonium on populations of canopy-forming Myriophyllum spicatum and rosette-forming Vallisneria natans were explored. The results showed that M. spicatum and V. natans populations can develop high cover and height at high ammonium concentration (7 mg/L) at short-term exposures, and V. natans may be tolerant to 18 mg/L ammonium concentration. However, the cover of M. spicatum and the height of both species were inhibited at 2.4 mg/L at long-term exposures. The height of M. spicatum was two to six times higher than that of V. natans across all treatments and control by the end of the experiment, and the cover of M. spicatum was 7-11 times higher than that of V. natans in most NH4-N loading treatments, except the cover of M. spicatum in the highest NH4-N loading treatment with 18 mg/L NH4-N. The rosette-forming V. natans resists ammonium stress by slow growth (shoot elongation) to reduce consumption, while canopy-forming species resist ammonium stress by shoot elongation and canopy development to capture light. Although increasing ammonium concentration may induce severe stress on M. spicatum, the morphological characteristics of this species may, to some extent, release the plants from this stress. Our present study indicates that the negative effects of ammonium stress on the development of populations increased with exposure duration, and the submersed macrophyte community with stronger ability for light capture and dispersal may resist high ammonium stress. Nevertheless, in strongly ammonium-enriched systems, competition and succession cannot be neglected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- School of Life Sciences, Institute of Ecology and Biodiversity, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Haijun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Institute for Ecological Research and Pollution Control of Plateau Lakes, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Hongzhu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Chao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Miao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- College of Fisheries and Life Science, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China
| | - Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Shuonan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - David P. Hamilton
- Australian Rivers Institute, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD, Australia
| | - Erik Jeppesen
- Department of Ecoscience, WATEC, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research, Beijing, China
- Limnology Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
- Centre for Ecosystem Research and Implementation, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
- Institute of Marine Sciences, Middle East Technical University, Erdemli, Turkey
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Comparative transcriptome analysis provides novel insights into the molecular mechanism of the silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) brain in response to hypoxia stress. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY. PART D, GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2022; 41:100951. [PMID: 34923202 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2021.100951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The brain of fish plays an important role in regulating growth and adapting to environmental changes. However, few studies have been performed to address the changes in gene expression profiles in fish brains under hypoxic stress. In the present study, silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) were kept under hypoxic experimental conditions by using the method of natural oxygen consumption, which resulted in a significant decrease in malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) content and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in the brain. In addition, RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) was performed to analyze transcriptional regulation in the brains of silver carp under normoxia (control group), hypoxia, semi-asphyxia, and asphyxia conditions. The results of KEGG enrichment pathway analysis showed that the immune system, such as antigen processing and presentation, natural killer cell-mediated cytotoxicity, was enriched in the hypoxia group; the nervous system (e.g., "glutamatergic synapse"), signal transduction (e.g., "calcium signaling pathway"; "foxo signaling pathway"), and signaling molecules and interactions (e.g., "neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction") were enriched in the semi-asphyxia group; and signaling molecules and interactions (e.g., "neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction") were enriched in the asphyxia group. These results provide novel insights into the molecular regulatory mechanism of the fish brain coping with hypoxia stress.
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Nguyen VQ, Van HT, Sy HL, Nguyen TML, Nguyen DK. Application of Mussell-derived biosorbent to remove NH4+ from aqueous solution: Equilibrium and Kinetics. SN APPLIED SCIENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s42452-021-04462-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractMussel shells are often considered an abundant waste with no use. This study shows that the employment of mussel shells as a biosorbent for ammonium from water environment is completely possible. By using batch experimental method, optimal conditions for the ammonium adsorption onto mussel shells were determined. Specifically, those include a pH level of 8, contact time of 90 min, an initial ammonium concentration of 40 mg/l and the adsorbent dose of 700 mg/25 ml. With such operating conditions, experiments in laboratory aqueous solutions resulted in a maximum adsorption capacity of 2.33 mg/g, corresponded by 46.575% of efficiency. Adsorption isotherms and kinetics were well described with the Freundlich isothermal model, suggesting a heterogeneous adsorption process occurring on multilayers and both the pseudo-first-order and the pseudo-second-order, implying that the operational fundament was based on chemisorption. Analyses regarding SEM, EDS and FTIR were also implemented to identify the morphology, composition and functional groups of the adsorbent.
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Li X, Jiang X, Song Y, Chang SX. Coexistence of polyethylene microplastics and biochar increases ammonium sorption in an aqueous solution. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 405:124260. [PMID: 33092876 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Biochar is used to remove ammonium (NH4+) from wastewater, where microplastics are emerging pollutants. However, whether microplastics can adsorb NH4+ or how they will affect the sorption of NH4+ by biochars have not been studied. Here, batch sorption kinetics and isotherm experiments were conducted to elucidate the sorption of NH4+ on a manure biochar (MBC), a straw biochar (SBC), a wood sawdust biochar (WBC), a polyethylene microplastic (PE), and their combination. The results showed that PE had a smaller sorption capacity (Qmax = 3.29 mg g-1) but a faster adsorption rate (ks = 0.08 g (mg min)-1) for NH4+ than biochars (Qmax = 5.67 ~ 20.54 mg g-1; ks = 0.02 ~ 0.04 g (mg min)-1). When PE and biochars coexisted in an aqueous solution, the NH4+ sorption capacity was increased by 17.0% in PE+SBC, 7.1% in PE+MBC, and 8.6% in PE+WBC, which likely due to the deprotonation of functional groups and the decreases in small molecular-size dissolved organic carbon. We conclude that microplastics can adsorb NH4+; moreover, they can enhance the NH4+ sorption capacity of biochars. Therefore, when biochar is used for NH4+ removal from wastewater, the interaction of biochar and microplastics needs to be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaona Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2E3, Canada
| | - Xin Jiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yang Song
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Scott X Chang
- Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2E3, Canada; State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou 311300, China.
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Li B, Yin Y, Kang L, Feng L, Liu Y, Du Z, Tian Y, Zhang L. A review: Application of allelochemicals in water ecological restoration--algal inhibition. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 267:128869. [PMID: 33218724 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2020] [Revised: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Problems caused by harmful algal blooms have attracted worldwide attention due to their severe harm to aquatic ecosystems, prompting researchers to study applicable measures to inhibit the growth of algae. Allelochemicals, as secondary metabolites secreted by plants, have excellent biocompatibility, biodegradability, obvious algal inhibiting effect and little ecological harm, and have promising application prospect in the field of water ecological restoration. This review summarized the research progress of allelochemicals, including (i) definition, development, and classification, (ii) influencing factors and mechanism of algal inhibition, (iii) the preparation methods of algal inhibitors based on allelochemicals. The future research directions of allelochemicals sustained-released microspheres (SRMs) were also prospected. In the future, it is urgent to explore more efficient allelochemicals, to study the regulation mechanism of allelochemicals in natural water bodies, and to improve the preparation method of allelopathic algal suppressant. This paper proposed a feasible direction for the development of allelochemicals SRMs which exhibited certain guiding significance for their application in water ecological restoration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benhang Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control and Ecoremediation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yijun Yin
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control and Ecoremediation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Longfei Kang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control and Ecoremediation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Li Feng
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control and Ecoremediation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yongze Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control and Ecoremediation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Ziwen Du
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control and Ecoremediation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yajun Tian
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Liqiu Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control and Ecoremediation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China.
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Cao J, Dong Z, Zhao H, Duan S, Cao X, Liu H, Yang Z. Allelopathic effect of rhubarb extracts on the growth of Microcystis aeruginosa. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2020; 82:1092-1101. [PMID: 33055399 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2020.225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
With its advantages of ecological safety, environmental affinity, and high selectivity, allelopathic technology has been widely developed for algae inhibition. However, obtaining effective allelochemicals and realizing their mechanism are difficult. In this paper, a Chinese herbal medicine, namely, Rheum palmatum L. (Chinese rhubarb), was utilized as a source of allelopathic substances for the first time. Four units of rhubarb organic extracts were collected to study the inhibition of growth, photosynthesis, proteins, and algal toxin of Microcystis aeruginosa. Results showed that the ethyl acetate, n-butanol, and aqueous phases of the rhubarb extracts have notable inhibitory effects. After a 16-day treatment, the four extracts reduced M. aeruginosa by 64.1%, 59.3%, 61.9%, and 7.2% with disruption of algal photosynthesis and protein synthesis and reduction of algal toxin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingguo Cao
- College of Chemical Engineering and Material, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, TEDA, Tianjin 300457, China E-mail:
| | - Zezhang Dong
- College of Chemical Engineering and Material, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, TEDA, Tianjin 300457, China E-mail:
| | - Hongyan Zhao
- College of Chemical Engineering and Material, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, TEDA, Tianjin 300457, China E-mail:
| | - Shuhui Duan
- College of Chemical Engineering and Material, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, TEDA, Tianjin 300457, China E-mail:
| | - Xiaole Cao
- College of Chemical Engineering and Material, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, TEDA, Tianjin 300457, China E-mail:
| | - Honglei Liu
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental Protection Sciences, Tianjin 300191, China
| | - Zongzheng Yang
- College of Chemical Engineering and Material, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, TEDA, Tianjin 300457, China E-mail:
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Zhao L, Cui C, Liu Q, Sun J, He K, Adam AA, Luo J, Li Z, Wang Y, Yang S. Combined exposure to hypoxia and ammonia aggravated biological effects on glucose metabolism, oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis in largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides). AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2020; 224:105514. [PMID: 32502847 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2020.105514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2019] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxia and ammonia are unavoidable environmental factors in aquaculture, and have been shown cause various adverse effects in fish. In the present study, a two-factor crossover experiment was carried out to evaluate the combined effect of hypoxia and ammonia on oxidative stress and glucose metabolism endpoints in largemouth bass. The fish were divided into four experimental groups: hypoxia and ammonia group, hypoxia group, ammonia group, and control group. The results showed that hypoxia and ammonia exposures both induced antioxidant response and oxidative stress (superoxide dismutase [SOD] and catalase [CAT] activities increased first then decreased, and malondialdehyde accumulated) and anaerobic glycolysis (increase of blood glucose, decrease of liver glycogen, accumulation of lactate, and increased lactate dehydrogenase activity). In addition, hypoxia and ammonia upregulated antioxidant enzyme genes (Cu/ZnSOD, CAT, and GPx), apoptosis genes (caspase 3, caspase 8, and caspase 9), as well as inflammatory genes (interleukin [IL]-1β and IL-8) and downregulated an anti-inflammatory gene (IL-10), suggesting that apoptosis and inflammation may be related to oxidative stress. The increased expression of GLUT1, LDH, and MCT4 were induced by hypoxia and ammonia, suggesting that anaerobic glycolysis was increased. Furthermore, fish suffering from hypoxia or ammonia exposure showed some changes in gill tissues histology, and the most severe lesions of gill tissues appeared in simultaneous exposure. Overall, both hypoxia and ammonia affected homeostasis, and simultaneous exposure led to more deleterious effects on largemouth bass than exposure to the individual stressors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liulan Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University (SICAU), Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China.
| | - Can Cui
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University (SICAU), Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China.
| | - Qiao Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University (SICAU), Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China.
| | - Junlong Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University (SICAU), Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China.
| | - Kuo He
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University (SICAU), Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China.
| | - Ahmed Abdi Adam
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University (SICAU), Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China.
| | - Jie Luo
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University (SICAU), Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China.
| | - Zhiqiong Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University (SICAU), Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China.
| | - Yan Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University (SICAU), Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China.
| | - Song Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University (SICAU), Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China.
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Inhibition of Scenedesmus quadricauda on Microcystis flos-aquae. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 103:5907-5916. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-019-09809-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Revised: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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Zhuang K, Shi D, Hu Z, Xu F, Chen Y, Shen Z. Subcellular accumulation and source of O 2- and H 2O 2 in submerged plant Hydrilla verticillata (L.f.) Royle under NH 4+-N stress condition. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2019; 207:1-12. [PMID: 30500560 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2018.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2018] [Revised: 11/11/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the effects of excess NH4+-N on the subcellular accumulation of O2- and H2O2 in submerged plant Hydrilla verticillata (L.f.) Royle were investigated using both histochemical and cytochemical methods. Treatments with ≥ 2.00 and ≥ 5.00 mg L-1 NH4+-N for 5 d significantly increased production of O2- and H2O2, respectively. The activities of plasma membrane-bound NADPH (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate) oxidases and antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, ascorbate peroxidase, catalase, dehydroascorbate reductase and glutathione reductase) were also increased correspondingly. This study also provides the first cytochemical evidence of subcellular accumulation of O2- and H2O2 in the submerged plants. In the leaves of H. verticillata treated with 20.0 mg L-1 NH4+-N, O2- dependent DAB precipitates were found primarily on the inner side of the plasma membrane, extracellular space and chloroplasts. H2O2-CeCl3 precipitates were mainly localized on the inner side of the plasma membrane and extracellular space of the mesophyll cells. Treatments with the inhibitors of NADPH oxidase (diphenylene iodonium and imidazole) indicate that NH4+-N-induced production of O2- and H2O2 in H. verticillata leaves may involve plasma membrane-bound NADPH oxidase. Moreover, low-light treatment decreased NH4+-induced O2- production, suggesting that alterations in the photosynthetic electron transfer chain due to NH4+ toxicity could lead to O2- production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Zhuang
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Danlu Shi
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Zhubing Hu
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Fuliu Xu
- Beijing MOE Lab for Earth Surface Proc., College of Urban and Environmental Sci., Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China
| | - Yahua Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource, Nanjing Agiricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China.
| | - Zhenguo Shen
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource, Nanjing Agiricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
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Yu Q, Wang HZ, Xu C, Li Y, Ma SN, Liang XM, Jeppesen E, Wang HJ. Higher Tolerance of Canopy-Forming Potamogeton crispus Than Rosette-Forming Vallisneria natans to High Nitrogen Concentration as Evidenced From Experiments in 10 Ponds With Contrasting Nitrogen Levels. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:1845. [PMID: 30619414 PMCID: PMC6300520 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.01845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Due to excess nutrient loading, loss of submersed macrophytes is a worldwide phenomenon in shallow lakes. Phosphorus is known to contribute significantly to macrophyte recession, but the role of nitrogen has received increasing attention. Our understanding of how high nitrogen concentrations affect the growth of submersed macrophytes, particularly under natural conditions, is still limited. In this study, we conducted experiments with canopy-forming Potamogeton crispus in 10 ponds subjected to substantial differences in nitrogen loading (five targeted total nitrogen concentrations: control, 2, 10, 20, and 100 mg L-1) and compared the results with those of our earlier published experiments with rosette-forming Vallisneria natans performed 1 year before. Canopy-forming P. crispus was more tolerant than rosette-forming V. natans to exposure to high NH4 concentrations. This is probably because canopy-forming species reach the water surface where there is sufficient light for production of carbohydrates, thereby allowing the plants to partly overcome high NH4 stress. Both the canopy-forming P. crispus and the rosette-forming V. natans showed clear declining trends with increasing chlorophyll a in the water. Accordingly, shading by phytoplankton might be of key importance for the decline in submersed macrophytes in this experiment. Both experiments revealed free amino acids (FAA) to be a useful indicator of physiological stress by high ammonium but is not a reliable indicator of macrophyte growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hong-Zhu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Chi Xu
- School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Academy of Environmental Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Shuo-Nan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Min Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Erik Jeppesen
- Department of Bioscience, Arctic Research Centre, Aarhus University, Silkeborg, Denmark
- Sino-Danish Centre for Education and Research, Beijing, China
| | - Hai-Jun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
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Tang X, Zhang X, Cao T, Ni L, Xie P. Reconstructing clear water state and submersed vegetation on behalf of repeated flocculation with modified soil in an in situ mesocosm experiment in Lake Taihu. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 625:1433-1445. [PMID: 29996440 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Revised: 01/01/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The geo-engineering approach of modified soil flocculation has been widely applied to mitigate algal blooms and eutrophication in relatively small lakes. Nevertheless, its potential ecological risks and feasibility should be examined and identified prior to its application in large natural lakes given the multiple functions of these water bodies in human health and welfare. In situ mesocosm experiments on modified soil flocculation were performed in Lake Taihu during summer 2010 and 2011. Chitosan-modified kaolinite (CMK) soil was used to flocculate algal blooms and improve water transparency to facilitate the re-establishment of the submersed macrophyte Vallisneria natans in this shallow eutrophic lake. Moreover, the ecological effects of CMK soil were assessed. Results showed that repeated additions of CMK (0.3g/L for each time) improved water quality in terms of Chl-a, TN, and TP concentrations; TN/TP ratio; turbidity; redox conditions; and nitrification and denitrification activities. These effects lasted for 48days. After the fourth dose of CMK, the biomass of all phytoplankton categories, except for that of Cryptophyta, decreased by >90% (ca. 1-2×106cell/L or 0.38-0.55mg/L of wet weight). Zooplankton biomass markedly decreased after the first CMK addition, and copepods became dominant. These effects, however, did not last for the long term. Most importantly, submersed V. natans was restored successfully when water clarity and quality were improved through repeated CMK flocculation. Nevertheless, the indices of carbohydrate depletion and free amino acid accumulation indicated that the plant experienced physiological stresses. The reestablishment of V. natans reinforced the positive effects of repeated CMK dosing on water quality, and promoted a clear water state. V. natans is recommended for vegetative restoration in shallow eutrophic lakes given its facile transplantation, high stress tolerance, and physiological traits, which can be applied as indices of post-flocculation effects. In summary, the combination of repeated CMK dosing and revegetation of V. natans can feasibly improve water quality and initiate the restoration of a clear water state in shallow eutrophic lakes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Tang
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Huaian Surveying and Design Institute of Water Resources Co., Ltd., Nanjing 211102, China
| | - Xiaolin Zhang
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Te Cao
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China.
| | - Leyi Ni
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Ping Xie
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
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Zhang Q, Qin W, Yang L, An J, Zhang X, Hong H, Xu L, Wang Y. Microcystis bloom containing microcystin-LR induces type 2 diabetes mellitus. Toxicol Lett 2018; 294:87-94. [PMID: 29777831 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2018.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2018] [Revised: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Epidemiological data from Lake Taihu showed significantly higher incidences of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) than in other areas of China. This may be related to the occurrence of a Microcystis bloom in Lake Taihu in the summer and autumn every year. The objective of this study is to investigate whether the contaminated water from the Microcystis bloom and the derivative pollutant microcystin-LR (MC-LR) can explain the higher incidences of T2DM. Healthy male mice were fed with water from different regions of Lake Taihu, and were either acutely or chronically exposed to MC-LR through oral administration or intraperitoneal injection. Serum lipid profiles were determined, and the effects on T2DM-related gene expression and insulin receptor signaling pathway were investigated. Intraperitoneal glucose tolerance (IPGTT) and insulin resistance (IRT) tests were implemented, and the functions of pancreatic islet and β-cell were also evaluated. The results showed that both water sampled from the region with a Microcysis bloom and those containing MC-LR altered the serum glucide and lipid profiles in mice after exposure. The exposure to a Microcysis bloom water affected the expression T2DM-related genes: up-regulated the mRNA levels of FASn, ACACA, G6pc, LPL, and Insig2, and down-regulated the mRNA level of PEPCK and Gsk-3β. Both acute and chronic exposure of MC-LR, even at very low concentrations (1 μg/L), impaired the insulin receptor signalling pathway and induced hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance in mice. In this study, the most important intracellular target of MC-LR was found to be hetapocellular mitochondria. Thus, exposure to Microcystis bloom water containing microcystin-LR can induce the incidence of T2DM, by impairing the function of mitochondria by microcystin-LR. The study suggests a review of the risk assessment concerning 1 μg/L MC-LR as the reference dose in surface water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China; Department of Earth Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3AN, United Kingdom
| | - Wendi Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Liuyan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Jing An
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xuxiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Hao Hong
- Department of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Lizhi Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Yaping Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
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18
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Jiaojiao LU, Meng ZHANG, Shuiqing QUAN, Zugen LIU, Hongwen CHEN, Qi YIN, Chaoyi OUYANG. Integrated effects of hypoxia, high ammonia and low light on the growth and physiological C-N metabolism indices of Vallisneria natans. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.18307/2018.0419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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19
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Yu Q, Wang HJ, Wang HZ, Li Y, Liang XM, Xu C, Jeppesen E. Does the responses of Vallisneria natans (Lour.) Hara to high nitrogen loading differ between the summer high-growth season and the low-growth season? THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 601-602:1513-1521. [PMID: 28605869 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.05.268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Revised: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Loss of submersed macrophytes is a world-wide phenomenon occurring when shallow lakes become eutrophic due to excess nutrient loading. In addition to the well-known effect of phosphorus, nitrogen as a trigger of macrophyte decline has received increasing attention. The precise impact of high nitrogen concentrations is debated, and the role of different candidate factors may well change over the season. In this study, we conducted experiments with Vallisneria natans during the growing season (June-September) in 10 ponds subjected to substantial differences in nitrogen loading (five targeted total nitrogen concentrations: control, 2, 10, 20, and 100mgL-1) and compared the results with those obtained in our earlier published study from the low-growth season (December-April). Like in the low-growth season, growth of V. natans in summer declined with increasing ammonium (NH4) concentrations and particularly with increasing phytoplankton chlorophyll a (ChlaPhyt). Accordingly, we propose that shading by phytoplankton might be of key importance for macrophyte decline, affecting also periphyton growth as periphyton chlorophyll a (ChlaPeri) decreased with increasing ChlaPhyt. Free amino acid contents (FAA) of plants tended to increase with increasing NH4 concentrations, while the relationships between FAA with growth indices were all weak, suggesting that FAA might be a useful indicator of the physiological stress of the plants but not of macrophyte growth. Taken together, the results from the two seasons indicate that although a combination of high nitrogen concentrations (ammonium) and shading by phytoplankton may cause severe stress on macrophytes, active growth in the growing season enabled them to partly overcome the stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hai-Jun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China.
| | - Hong-Zhu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiao-Min Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Chi Xu
- School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Erik Jeppesen
- Department of Bioscience and Arctic Research Centre, Aarhus University, 8600 Silkeborg, Denmark; Sino Danish Centre for Education and Research (SDC), Beijing, China
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Yuan J, Gu Z, Zheng Y, Zhang Y, Gao J, Chen S, Wang Z. Accumulation and detoxification dynamics of microcystin-LR and antioxidant responses in male red swamp crayfish Procambarus clarkii. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2016; 177:8-18. [PMID: 27218425 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2016.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2016] [Revised: 04/30/2016] [Accepted: 05/06/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
MC-LR is one of major microcystin isoforms with potent hepatotoxicity. In the present study, we aim to: 1) explore the dynamics of MC-LR accumulation and elimination in different tissues of male red swamp crayfish Procambarus clarkii; 2) reveal the mechanisms underlying hepatic antioxidation and detoxification. In the semi-static toxicity tests under the water temperature of 25±2°C, P. clarkii were exposed to 0.1, 1, 10 and 100μg/L MC-LR for 7days for accumulation and subsequently relocated to freshwater for another 7days to depurate MC-LR. MC-LR was measured in the hepatopancreas, intestine, abdominal muscle and gill by HPLC. The enzyme activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione S-transferase (GST), content of glutathione (GSH), and transcripts of Mn-sod, cat, gpx1, Mu-gst, heat shock protein90 (hsp90), hsp70 and hsp60 in hepatopancreas were detected. The results showed that P. clarkii accumulated more MC-LR in intestine, and less in abdominal muscle and gill during accumulation period and eliminated the toxin more quickly in gill and abdominal muscle, and comparatively slowly in intestine during depuration period. The fast increase of SOD and CAT activities at early stage, subsequent decrease at later stage of accumulation period and then fast increase during depuration period were partially consistent with the transcriptional changes of their respective genes. GPx was activated by longer MC-LR exposure and gpx1 mRNA expression showed uncoordinated regulation pattern compared with its enzyme. Hsp genes were up-regulated when P. clarkii was exposed to MC-LR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julin Yuan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Zhejiang Institute of Freshwater Fisheries, Freshwater Fishery Healthy Breeding Laboratory of Ministry of Agriculture, Huzhou, Zhejiang 313001, China
| | - Zhimin Gu
- Zhejiang Institute of Freshwater Fisheries, Freshwater Fishery Healthy Breeding Laboratory of Ministry of Agriculture, Huzhou, Zhejiang 313001, China.
| | - Yao Zheng
- Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences; Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Fishery Resources and Environment in the Lower Reaches of the Changjiang River, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Yingying Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Jiancao Gao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Shu Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Zaizhao Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
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Jia J, Chen Q, Lauridsen TL. A Systematic Investigation into the Environmental Fate of Microcystins and The Potential Risk: Study in Lake Taihu. Toxins (Basel) 2016; 8:E170. [PMID: 27271667 PMCID: PMC4926137 DOI: 10.3390/toxins8060170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2016] [Revised: 05/21/2016] [Accepted: 05/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A systematic investigation was conducted in Lake Taihu in autumn of 2013 and 2014, in order to understand the environmental fate of microcystins (MCs) and evaluate the health risk from MCs. Samples of water, algal cells, macrophytes, shrimps and fish were taken to detect MCs by HPLC-MS/MS after solid phase extraction. Widespread MC contamination in water, algal cells, macrophytes, shrimps and fish was found in Lake Taihu. The ubiquitous presence of MCs in water, algal cells and biota was found in 100% of samples. MC accumulation was in the order of primary producer > tertiary consumer > secondary consumer > primary consumer. The highest levels of MCs in macrophytes, shrimps and fish tissue were found in Potamogeton maackianus, Exopalaemon modestus, and Hyporhamphus intermedius, respectively. The MCs level in shrimps and the tissues of three fish species, Neosalanx tangkahkeii taihuensis, Coilia ectenes and silver carp, was closely linked to their dietary exposure. Ceratophyllum demersum L. was an ideal plant for introduction into lakes to protect against Microcystis blooms and MCs, due to its ability to absorb nutrients, accumulate large amounts of MCs and tolerate these toxins compared to other macrophytes. The average daily intakes (ADIs) of MCs for Exopalaemon modestus and three fish species, Coilia ectenes, Hyporhamphus intermedius and Carassius carassius, were all above the tolerable daily intakes (TDI) set by the World Health Organization (WHO), implying there existed potential threats to human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junmei Jia
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
- Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Vejlsøvej 25, 8600 Silkeborg, Denmark.
- Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research (SDC), Beijing 100190, China.
| | - Qiuwen Chen
- Center for Eco-Environmental Research, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing 210029, China.
| | - Torben L Lauridsen
- Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Vejlsøvej 25, 8600 Silkeborg, Denmark.
- Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research (SDC), Beijing 100190, China.
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Moreno-Marín F, Vergara JJ, Pérez-Llorens JL, Pedersen MF, Brun FG. Interaction between Ammonium Toxicity and Green Tide Development Over Seagrass Meadows: A Laboratory Study. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0152971. [PMID: 27035662 PMCID: PMC4817992 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0152971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2015] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Eutrophication affects seagrasses negatively by increasing light attenuation through stimulation of biomass of fast-growing, bloom-forming algae and because high concentrations of ammonium in the water can be toxic to higher plants. We hypothesized nevertheless, that moderate amounts of nitrophilic macroalgae that coexists with seagrasses under eutrophic conditions, can alleviate the harmful effects of eutrophication on seagrasses by reducing ammonium concentrations in the seawater to non-toxic levels because such algae have a very large capacity to take up inorganic nutrients. We studied therefore how combinations of different ammonium concentrations (0, 25 and 50 μM) and different standing stocks of macroalgae (i.e. 0, 1 and 6 layers of Ulva sp.) affected survival, growth and net production of the seagrass Zostera noltei. In the absence of Ulva sp., increasing ammonium concentrations had a negative influence on the performance of Z. noltei. The presence of Ulva sp. without ammonium supply had a similar, but slightly smaller, negative effect on seagrass fitness due to light attenuation. When ammonium enrichment was combined with presence of Ulva sp., Ulva sp. ameliorated some of negative effects caused by high ammonium availability although Ulva sp. lowered the availability of light. Benthic microalgae, which increased in biomass during the experiment, seemed to play a similar role as Ulva sp.--they contributed to remove ammonium from the water, and thus, aided to keep the ammonium concentrations experienced by Z. noltei at relatively non-toxic levels. Our findings show that moderate amounts of drift macroalgae, eventually combined with increasing stocks of benthic microalgae, may aid seagrasses to alleviate toxic effects of ammonium under eutrophic conditions, which highlights the importance of high functional diversity for ecosystem resistance to anthropogenic disturbance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Moreno-Marín
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Marine and Environmental Sciences, University of Cadiz, Campus de Excelencia Internacional del Mar (CEIMAR), 11510 Puerto Real (Cadiz), Spain
- Department of Natural Science and Environment, Roskilde University, PO Box 2660, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Juan J. Vergara
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Marine and Environmental Sciences, University of Cadiz, Campus de Excelencia Internacional del Mar (CEIMAR), 11510 Puerto Real (Cadiz), Spain
| | - J. Lucas Pérez-Llorens
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Marine and Environmental Sciences, University of Cadiz, Campus de Excelencia Internacional del Mar (CEIMAR), 11510 Puerto Real (Cadiz), Spain
| | - Morten F. Pedersen
- Department of Natural Science and Environment, Roskilde University, PO Box 2660, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Fernando G. Brun
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Marine and Environmental Sciences, University of Cadiz, Campus de Excelencia Internacional del Mar (CEIMAR), 11510 Puerto Real (Cadiz), Spain
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Ma Z, Fang T, Thring RW, Li Y, Yu H, Zhou Q, Zhao M. Toxic and non-toxic strains of Microcystis aeruginosa induce temperature dependent allelopathy toward growth and photosynthesis of Chlorella vulgaris. HARMFUL ALGAE 2015; 48:21-29. [PMID: 29724472 DOI: 10.1016/j.hal.2015.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2015] [Revised: 07/04/2015] [Accepted: 07/04/2015] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Global warming was believed to accelerate the expansion of cyanobacterial blooms. However, the impact of changes due to the allelopathic effects of cyanobacterial blooms with or without algal toxin production on the ecophysiology of its coexisting phytoplankton species arising from global warming were unknown until recently. In this study, the allelopathic effects of toxic and non-toxic Microcystis aeruginosa strains on the growth of green alga Chlorella vulgaris and photosynthesis of the co-cultivations of C. vulgaris and toxic M. aeruginosa FACHB-905 or non-toxic M. aeruginosa FACHB-469 were investigated at different temperatures. The growth of C. vulgaris, co-cultured with the toxic or non-toxic M. aeruginosa strains, was promoted at 20°C but inhibited at temperatures ≥25°C. The inhibitory effects of the toxic and non-toxic M. aeruginosa strains on of the co-cultivations (C. vulgaris and non-toxic M. aeruginosa FACHB-469 or toxic M. aeruginosa FACHB-905) also linearly increased with elevated temperatures. Furthermore, toxic M. aeruginosa FACHB-905 induced more inhibition toward growth of C. vulgaris or Pmax and Rd of the mixtures than non-toxic M. aeruginosa FACHB-469. C. vulgaris dominated over non-toxic M. aeruginosa FACHB-469 but toxic M. aeruginosa FACHB-905 overcame C. vulgaris when they were co-cultured in mesocosms in water temperatures from 20 to 25°C. The results indicate that allelopathic effects of M. aeruginosa strains on C. vulgaris are both temperature- and species-dependent: it was stimulative for C. vulgaris at low temperatures such as 20°C, but inhibitory at high temperatures (≥25°C); the toxic strain was determined to be more harmful to C. vulgaris than the non-toxic one. This suggests that global warming may aggravate the ecological risk of cyanobacteria blooms, especially those with toxic species as the main contributors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zengling Ma
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Subtropical Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China; Joint Research Institute of Ecology and Environment, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Tingxuan Fang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Subtropical Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China; Joint Research Institute of Ecology and Environment, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Ronald W Thring
- Joint Research Institute of Ecology and Environment, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China; Environmental Science and Engineering, University of Northern British Columbia, Prince George, BC, Canada V2N4Z9
| | - Yubao Li
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Subtropical Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China; Joint Research Institute of Ecology and Environment, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Hengguo Yu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Subtropical Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China; Joint Research Institute of Ecology and Environment, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Qin Zhou
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Subtropical Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China; Joint Research Institute of Ecology and Environment, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Min Zhao
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Subtropical Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China; Joint Research Institute of Ecology and Environment, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China.
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Kang C, Kuba T, Hao A, Iseri Y. Antioxidant Responses of Vallisneria asiatica to Eutrophic Sediments in Lake Taihu, China. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2015; 95:194-199. [PMID: 26070371 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-015-1579-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2014] [Accepted: 06/09/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Three kinds of representative sediments were obtained from a macrophyte-dominated bay (East Lake Taihu) and two algae-dominated regions (Western Lake Taihu and Meiliang Bay). Physiological responses of Vallisneria asiatica to these sediments were compared. Results from 20 days exposures showed no obvious differences in malondialdehyde (MDA) in roots, while the MDA content in leaves of plants exposed to Western Lake Taihu sediment was significantly (p<0.05) higher than those exposed to the other two sediments. In comparison to the other two sediments, plants exposed to Western Lake Taihu sediment showed significantly lower (p<0.05) superoxide dismutase in roots and leaves on the 10th and 40th day. On the 40th day, root catalase (CAT) activities in V. asiatica from Western Lake Taihu and Meiliang Bay sediments were lower than that from East Lake Taihu sediment, while leaf CAT activity in V. asiatica from Western Lake Taihu sediment was higher than that from East Lake Taihu sediment (p<0.05). Western Lake Taihu sediment caused more serious oxidative stress in V. asiatica than East Lake Taihu sediment. Results indicated eutrophic sediment was a contributing factor in the disappearance of V. asiatica in Western Lake Taihu.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caixia Kang
- Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan,
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Gao J, Li L, Hu Z, Zhu S, Zhang R, Xiong Z. Ammonia stress on the carbon metabolism of Ceratophyllum demersum. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2015; 34:843-849. [PMID: 25641419 DOI: 10.1002/etc.2866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2014] [Revised: 12/17/2014] [Accepted: 12/20/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, carefully controlled pH ranges (7 and 9) were used to distinguish between the effects of un-ionized NH3 and the NH4 (+) ion. The objective was to find the effect of different total ammonia nitrogen concentrations and pH values on the carbon metabolism of Ceratophyllum demersum. The authors investigated the effects of ammonia on the nonstructural carbohydrate content in shoots of C. demersum. Ammonia treatment decreased the contents of nonstructural carbohydrate, soluble sugar, sucrose, fructose, and starch in leaves. Meanwhile, increasing the pH value exacerbated the decline of the C. demersum nonstructural carbohydrate content. In addition, the activity of invertase was increased during the experiment. These results suggest that ammonia severely inhibits plant growth by disturbing nonstructural carbohydrate content. It has been suggested that ammonia has toxic effects on C. demersum and that the higher the pH in water, the more obvious the physiological responses that C. demersum exhibits. The results of the present study can provide some reference for studying the living conditions of submersed macrophytes under the stress of NH3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingqing Gao
- Research Institute of Environmental Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China; School of Resource and Environmental Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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Wang W, Yang C, Tang X, Gu X, Zhu Q, Pan K, Hu Q, Ma D. Effects of high ammonium level on biomass accumulation of common duckweed Lemna minor L. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 21:14202-10. [PMID: 25056754 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-014-3353-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2014] [Accepted: 07/17/2014] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Growing common duckweed Lemna minor L. in diluted livestock wastewater is an alternative option for pollutants removal and consequently the accumulated duckweed biomass can be used for bioenergy production. However, the biomass accumulation can be inhibited by high level of ammonium (NH4 (+)) in non-diluted livestock wastewater and the mechanism of ammonium inhibition is not fully understood. In this study, the effect of high concentration of NH4 (+) on L. minor biomass accumulation was investigated using NH4 (+) as sole source of nitrogen (N). NH4 (+)-induced toxicity symptoms were observed when L. minor was exposed to high concentrations of ammonium nitrogen (NH4 (+)-N) after a 7-day cultivation. L. minor exposed to the NH4 (+)-N concentration of 840 mg l(-1) exhibited reduced relative growth rate, contents of carbon (C) and photosynthetic pigments, and C/N ratio. Ammonium irons were inhibitory to the synthesis of photosynthetic pigments and caused C/N imbalance in L. minor. These symptoms could further cause premature senescence of the fronds, and restrain their reproduction, growth and biomass accumulation. L. minor could grow at NH4 (+)-N concentrations of 7-84 mg l(-1) and the optimal NH4 (+)-N concentration was 28 mg l(-1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenguo Wang
- Biogas Institute of Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu, 610041, China,
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27
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Qian C, You W, Xie D, Yu D. Turion morphological responses to water nutrient concentrations and plant density in the submerged macrophyte Potamogeton crispus. Sci Rep 2014; 4:7079. [PMID: 25399866 PMCID: PMC4233331 DOI: 10.1038/srep07079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2014] [Accepted: 10/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Asexual propagules are the dominant means of propagation in most submerged macrophytes. To improve the understanding of how water nutrient concentrations and population density influence the turion production of Potamogeton crispus L., the turions were planted in mesocosms with three water nutrient conditions (ambient lake water, high P and high N) and two plant density levels (4 and 15 turions m−2). After a 9-month experiment, the +P in the water column significantly increased the total turion number per plant under both of the plant density treatments. However, the +N in the water column did not affect the turion number per plant under low plant density. The +P in the water and high plant density significantly reduced the turion individual biomass. An examination of 3210 turion individuals from all treatments revealed that the increased water nutrient concentrations and plant density impacted the turion size by producing different stem diameters of individual turions. Most of the scale leaf morphological traits of the turions were significantly increased under higher water nutrients, but these traits were similar between the different plant density treatments. These results demonstrate that the water P concentration interacts with plant density, affecting both the production and traits of turions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Qian
- The National Observation and Research Field Station for Lake Ecosystem in Liangzi Lake, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, 430072 PR China
| | - Wenhua You
- The National Observation and Research Field Station for Lake Ecosystem in Liangzi Lake, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, 430072 PR China
| | - Dong Xie
- The National Observation and Research Field Station for Lake Ecosystem in Liangzi Lake, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, 430072 PR China
| | - Dan Yu
- The National Observation and Research Field Station for Lake Ecosystem in Liangzi Lake, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, 430072 PR China
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Okogwu OI, Xie P, Zhao Y, Fan H. Organ-dependent response in antioxidants, myoglobin and neuroglobin in goldfish (Carassius auratus) exposed to MC-RR under varying oxygen level. CHEMOSPHERE 2014; 112:427-434. [PMID: 25048936 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2014.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2014] [Revised: 04/29/2014] [Accepted: 05/04/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Cyanobacterial bloom, a common phenomenon nowadays often results in the depletion of dissolved oxygen (hypoxia) and releases microcystin-RR (MC-RR) in the water. Information on the combined effects of MC-RR and hypoxia on the goldfish is lacking, therefore, this study is aimed at evaluating the effect of two doses of MC-RR on the antioxidants and globin mRNA of goldfish under normoxia, hypoxia and reoxygenation. The result showed that MC-RR at both doses (50 and 200 μg kg(-1) body weight) significantly (p<0.05) induced superoxide dismutase activities in the liver and kidney but catalase activities and total antioxidant capacity were low in these organs during hypoxia and reoxygenation compared to normoxia and control. Myoglobin and neuroglobin mRNAs in MC-RR group were significantly induced in the brain only and are believed to protect the brain from oxidative damage. However, other organs were unprotected and extensive damage was observed in the liver cells. Our results clearly demonstrated that MC-RR and hypoxia-reoxygenation transitions were synergistically harmful to the goldfish and could impair its adaptation to hypoxia, especially during reoxygenation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Okechukwu Idumah Okogwu
- Department of Applied Biology, Ebonyi State University, PMB 53, Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria; Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory for Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology of China, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.
| | - Ping Xie
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory for Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology of China, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.
| | - Yanyan Zhao
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory for Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology of China, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Huihui Fan
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory for Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology of China, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
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29
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Pereira P, de Pablo H, Guilherme S, Carvalho S, Santos MA, Vale C, Pacheco M. Metal accumulation and oxidative stress responses in Ulva spp. in the presence of nocturnal pulses of metals from sediment: a field transplantation experiment under eutrophic conditions. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2014; 94:56-64. [PMID: 24373387 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2013.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2013] [Revised: 12/06/2013] [Accepted: 12/09/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In aquatic systems under eutrophic conditions, remobilization of metals from sediment to the overlying water may occur. Consequently, adaptive responses of local organisms could result from the accumulation of metals intermittently released from the sediment. In summer 2007, a field transplantation experiment was performed in the Óbidos lagoon (Portugal) with Ulva spp. comprising three short-term exposures (between 15:30-23:30; 23:30-07:30; 07:30-15:30) during a 24-h period. In each period, Ulva spp. was collected at a reference site located in the lower lagoon (LL) and transplanted to a eutrophic site located at the Barrosa branch (BB), characterized by moderate metal contamination. For comparison purposes, macroalgae samples were simultaneously exposed at LL under the same conditions. Both sites were surveyed in short-time scales (2-4 h) for the analysis of the variability of physical-chemical parameters in the water and metal levels in suspended particulate matter. The ratios to Al of particulate Mn, Fe, Cu and Pb increased during the period of lower water oxygenation at the eutrophic site, reaching 751 × 10⁻⁴, 0.67, 12 × 10⁻⁴, 9.9 × 10⁻⁴, respectively, confirming the release of metals from the sediment to water during the night. At the reference site, dissolved oxygen oscillated around 100%, Mn/Al ratios were considerably lower (81 × 10⁻⁴-301 × 10⁻⁴) compared to BB (234 × 10⁻⁴-790 × 10⁻⁴), and no increases of metal/Al ratios were found during the night. In general, algae uptake of Mn, Cu, Fe, Pb and Cd was significantly higher at the eutrophic site compared to the reference site. The results confirmed the potential of Ulva spp. as bioindicator of metal contamination and its capability to respond within short periods. An induction of SOD, an inhibition of CAT and the increase of LPO were recorded in Ulva spp. exposed at BB (between 23:30 and 7:30) probably as a response to the higher incorporation of Mn, Fe and Pb in combination with the lack of dissolved oxygen in the water. Current findings emphasize the importance of assessing, in eutrophic systems, the relationship between the variability of chemical conditions and its repercussions on autochthonous organisms over day-night cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia Pereira
- IPMA - Portuguese Institute for the Sea and Atmosphere, Av. Brasília, 1449-006 Lisbon, Portugal; Department of Biology and CESAM, Aveiro University, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Hilda de Pablo
- IPMA - Portuguese Institute for the Sea and Atmosphere, Av. Brasília, 1449-006 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Sofia Guilherme
- Department of Biology and CESAM, Aveiro University, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Susana Carvalho
- KAUST - King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Red Sea Research Center, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maria Ana Santos
- Department of Biology and CESAM, Aveiro University, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Carlos Vale
- IPMA - Portuguese Institute for the Sea and Atmosphere, Av. Brasília, 1449-006 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Mário Pacheco
- Department of Biology and CESAM, Aveiro University, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
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Zhang C, Yi YL, Hao K, Liu GL, Wang GX. Algicidal activity of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bung on Microcystis aeruginosa--towards identification of algicidal substance and determination of inhibition mechanism. CHEMOSPHERE 2013; 93:997-1004. [PMID: 23810520 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.05.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2012] [Revised: 05/09/2013] [Accepted: 05/25/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The present study was to isolate and identify a potent algicidal compound from extract of Salvia miltiorrhiza and study the potential inhibition mechanism on Microcystis aeruginosa. Column chromatography and bioassay-guided fractionation methods were carried out to yield neo-przewaquinone A, which was identified by spectral analysis. The EC50 of neo-przewaquinone A on M. aeruginosa were 4.68 mg L(-1). In addition, neo-przewaquinone A showed relatively higher security on Chlorella pyrenoidosa and Scenedesmus obliquus, with the EC50 values of 14.78 and 10.37 mg L(-1), respectively. For the potential inhibition mechanisms, neo-przewaquinone A caused M. aeruginosa cells morphologic damage or lysis, increased malondialdehyde content and decreased the soluble protein content, total antioxidant and superoxide dismutase activity, and significantly inhibited three photosynthesis-related genes (psaB, psbD, and rbcL). The results demonstrated the algicidal effect of neo-przewaquinone A on M. aeruginosa and provided the possible inhibition mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Zhang
- Northwest A&F University, Xinong Road 22nd, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
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31
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Wang H, Ni L, Xie P. The mitigating effect of calcification-dependent of utilization of inorganic carbon of Chara vulgaris Linn on NH4-N toxicity. CHEMOSPHERE 2013; 93:373-379. [PMID: 23755986 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.04.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2012] [Revised: 11/29/2012] [Accepted: 04/21/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Increased ammonium (NH4-N) concentrations in water bodies have been reported to adversely affect the dominant species of submersed vegetation in meso-eutrophic waters worldwide. However calcareous plants were lowly sensitive to NH4-N toxicity. In order to make clear the function of calcification in the tolerance of calcareous plants to NH4-N stress, we studied the effects of increased HCO3(-) and additional NH4-N on calcification and utilization of dissolve inorganic carbon (DIC) in Chara vulgaris Linn in a 7-d sub-acute experiment (light:dark 12:12h) carried out in an open experimental system in lab. Results revealed that calcification was dependent of utilization of dissolve inorganic carbon. Additional HCO3(-) significantly decreased the increase of pH while additional NH4-N did not. And additional HCO3(-) significantly improved calcification while NH4-N did in versus in relation to the variation of DIC concentration. However, addition of both HCO3(-) and NH4-N increased utilization of DIC. This resulted in calcification to utilization of DIC ratio decreased under additional NH4-N condition while increased under additional HCO3(-) conditions in response to the variation of solution pH. In the present study, external HCO3(-) decreased the increase of solution pH by increasing calcification, which correspondingly mitigated the toxic effect of high NH4-N. And we argue that the mitigating effect of increased HCO3(-) on NH4-N toxicity is dependent of plant calcification, and it is a positive feedback mechanism, potentially leading to the dominance of calcareous plants in meso-eutrophic water bodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heyun Wang
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory for Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology of China, Institute of Hydrobiology, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Donghu South Road 7, Wuhan 430072, People's Republic of China
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32
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Lyu K, Zhu X, Wang Q, Chen Y, Yang Z. Copper/zinc superoxide dismutase from the Cladoceran Daphnia magna: molecular cloning and expression in response to different acute environmental stressors. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2013; 47:8887-8893. [PMID: 23815380 DOI: 10.1021/es4015212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (Cu/Zn-SOD) is a representative antioxidant enzyme that is responsible for the conversion of superoxide to oxygen and hydrogen peroxide in aerobic organisms. Cu/Zn-SOD mRNAs have been cloned from many species and employed as useful biomarkers of oxidative stresses. In the present study, we cloned Cu/Zn-SOD cDNA from the cladoceran Daphnia magna, analyzed its catalytic properties, and investigated mRNA expression patterns after exposure to known oxidative stressors. The full-length Cu/Zn-SOD of the D. magna (Dm-Cu/Zn-SOD) sequence consisted of 703 bp nucleotides, encoding 178 amino acids, showing well-conserved domains that were required for metal binding and several common characteristics. The deduced amino acid sequence of Dm-Cu/Zn-SOD showed that it shared high identity with Daphnia pulex (88%), Alvinella pompejana (56%), and Cristaria plicata (56%). The phylogenetic analysis indicated that Dm-Cu/Zn-SOD was highly homologous to D. pulex. The variation of Dm-Cu/Zn-SOD mRNA expression was quantified by real-time PCR, and the results indicated that the expression was up-regulated after 48-h exposure to copper, un-ionized ammonia, and low dissolved oxygen. This study shows that the Dm-Cu/Zn-SOD mRNA could be successfully employed as a biomarker of oxidative stress, which is a common mode of toxicity for many other aquatic hazardous materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Lyu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University , 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
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Lyu K, Cao H, Chen R, Wang Q, Yang Z. Combined effects of hypoxia and ammonia to Daphnia similis estimated with life-history traits. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 20:5379-5387. [PMID: 23417362 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-013-1555-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2012] [Accepted: 02/04/2013] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The degradation of cyanobacterial blooms often causes hypoxia and elevated concentrations of ammonia, which can aggravate the adverse effects of blooms on aquatic organisms. However, it is not clear how one stressor would work in the presence of other coexistent stressors. We studied the toxic effects of elevated ammonia under hypoxia using a common yet important cladoceran species Daphnia similis isolated from heavily eutrophicated Lake Taihu. A 3 × 2 factorial experimental design was conducted with animals exposed to three un-ionized ammonia levels under two dissolved oxygen levels. Experiments lasted for 14 days and we recorded the life-history traits such as survival, molt, maturation, and fecundity. Results showed that hypoxia significantly decreased survival time and the number of molts of D. similis, whereas ammonia had no effect on them. Elevated ammonia significantly delayed development to maturity in tested animals and decreased their body sizes at maturity. Both ammonia and hypoxia were significantly detrimental to the number of broods, the number of offspring per female, and the number of total offspring per female, and significantly synergistic interactions were detected. Our data clearly demonstrate that elevated ammonia and hypoxia derived from cyanobacterial blooms synergistically affect the cladoceran D. similis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Lyu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
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Tao M, Xie P, Chen J, Qin B, Zhang D, Niu Y, Zhang M, Wang Q, Wu L. Use of a generalized additive model to investigate key abiotic factors affecting microcystin cellular quotas in heavy bloom areas of Lake Taihu. PLoS One 2012; 7:e32020. [PMID: 22384128 PMCID: PMC3285656 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0032020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2011] [Accepted: 01/18/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Lake Taihu is the third largest freshwater lake in China and is suffering from serious cyanobacterial blooms with the associated drinking water contamination by microcystin (MC) for millions of citizens. So far, most studies on MCs have been limited to two small bays, while systematic research on the whole lake is lacking. To explain the variations in MC concentrations during cyanobacterial bloom, a large-scale survey at 30 sites across the lake was conducted monthly in 2008. The health risks of MC exposure were high, especially in the northern area. Both Microcystis abundance and MC cellular quotas presented positive correlations with MC concentration in the bloom seasons, suggesting that the toxic risks during Microcystis proliferations were affected by variations in both Microcystis density and MC production per Microcystis cell. Use of a powerful predictive modeling tool named generalized additive model (GAM) helped visualize significant effects of abiotic factors related to carbon fixation and proliferation of Microcystis (conductivity, dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), water temperature and pH) on MC cellular quotas from recruitment period of Microcystis to the bloom seasons, suggesting the possible use of these factors, in addition to Microcystis abundance, as warning signs to predict toxic events in the future. The interesting relationship between macrophytes and MC cellular quotas of Microcystis (i.e., high MC cellular quotas in the presence of macrophytes) needs further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Tao
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology of China, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Xie
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology of China, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Chen
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology of China, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Boqiang Qin
- Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Dawen Zhang
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology of China, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Niu
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology of China, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology of China, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Wang
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology of China, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Laiyan Wu
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology of China, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
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Martins ND, Colvara WA, Rantin FT, Kalinin AL. Microcystin-LR: How it affects the cardio-respiratory responses to hypoxia in Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus. CHEMOSPHERE 2011; 84:154-159. [PMID: 21382636 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2010] [Revised: 01/31/2011] [Accepted: 02/05/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The effects of microcystin on the cardio-respiratory function of Nile tilapia were analyzed 48 h after intraperitoneal injection of microcystin-LR (MC-LR - 100 μg kg(-1)body weight). Exposure to MC-LR induced significant reduction in metabolic rate (VO(2)) and increase in the critical O(2) tension (P(C)O(2)) in relation to the control group. Gill ventilation (V(G)) and ventilatory tidal volume (V(T)) were considerably lower in fish exposed to MC-LR, probably due to an alteration in the homeostatic mechanisms, impairing the regular respiratory response of this species to environmental hypoxia. The ability to maintain the O(2) extraction from the ventilatory current (EO(2)) during severe hypoxia was also significantly reduced in fish exposed to MC-LR exposure. Control fish displayed the characteristic reflex bradycardia in response to hypoxia. However, when compared to the control group, fish exposed to MC-LR presented significantly lower heart rate (f(H)) in normoxia and in all experimental hypoxic levels, probably due to a direct effect of this toxin on the cardiac tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan Dias Martins
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos - UFSCar, Via Washington Luís, Km 235, 13565-905 São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
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