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Bonmatí-Carrión MÁ, Santhi N, Atzori G, Mendis J, Kaduk S, Dijk DJ, Archer SN. Effect of 60 days of head down tilt bed rest on amplitude and phase of rhythms in physiology and sleep in men. NPJ Microgravity 2024; 10:42. [PMID: 38553471 PMCID: PMC10980770 DOI: 10.1038/s41526-024-00387-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Twenty-four-hour rhythms in physiology and behaviour are shaped by circadian clocks, environmental rhythms, and feedback of behavioural rhythms onto physiology. In space, 24 h signals such as those associated with the light-dark cycle and changes in posture, are weaker, potentially reducing the robustness of rhythms. Head down tilt (HDT) bed rest is commonly used to simulate effects of microgravity but how HDT affects rhythms in physiology has not been extensively investigated. Here we report effects of -6° HDT during a 90-day protocol on 24 h rhythmicity in 20 men. During HDT, amplitude of light, motor activity, and wrist-temperature rhythms were reduced, evening melatonin was elevated, while cortisol was not affected during HDT, but was higher in the morning during recovery when compared to last session of HDT. During recovery from HDT, time in Slow-Wave Sleep increased. EEG activity in alpha and beta frequencies increased during NREM and REM sleep. These results highlight the profound effects of head-down-tilt-bed-rest on 24 h rhythmicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- María-Ángeles Bonmatí-Carrión
- Surrey Sleep Research Centre, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK.
- Chronobiology Laboratory, Department of Physiology, IMIB-Arrixaca, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain.
- CIBER de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Nayantara Santhi
- Surrey Sleep Research Centre, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
- Department of Psychology, Northumbria University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Giuseppe Atzori
- Surrey Sleep Research Centre, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
| | - Jeewaka Mendis
- Surrey Clinical Trials Unit, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
| | - Sylwia Kaduk
- Surrey Sleep Research Centre, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
| | - Derk-Jan Dijk
- Surrey Sleep Research Centre, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute Care Research and Technology Centre, Imperial College London and the University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
| | - Simon N Archer
- Surrey Sleep Research Centre, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK.
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2
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Song Z, Li W, Han Y, Xu Y, Wang Y. Investigating the shared genetic architecture between frailty and insomnia. Front Aging Neurosci 2024; 16:1358996. [PMID: 38425786 PMCID: PMC10903740 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2024.1358996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The epidemiological association between frailty and insomnia is well established, yet the presence of a common genetic etiology is still uncertain. Further exploration is needed to ascertain the causal relationship between frailty and insomnia. Methods Utilizing data obtained from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) summaries, we utilized the linkage disequilibrium score regression (LDSC) to determine the genetic correlation existing between frailty and insomnia. The determination of causality was achieved through the application of two-sample Mendelian randomization. We investigated the enrichment of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) at various tissue types utilizing stratified LD score regression (S-LDSC) and multimarker analysis of genome annotation (MAGMA). Common risk SNPs were identified using Multi-Trait Analysis of GWAS (MTAG) and Cross-Phenotype Association (CPASSOC). We further investigated the expression profiles of risk genes in tissues using Summary-data-based Mendelian randomization(SMR) based on pooled data, to explore potential functional genes. Results Our findings indicated a significant genetic correlation between frailty and insomnia, highlighting SNPs sharing risk (rs34290943, rs10865954), with a pronounced correlation in the localized genomic region 3p21.31. Partitioned genetic analysis revealed 24 functional elements significantly associated with both frailty and insomnia. Furthermore, mendelian randomization revealed a causal connection between frailty and insomnia. The genetic correlation between frailty and insomnia showed enrichment in 11 brain regions (S-LDSC) and 9 brain regions (MAGMA), where four functional genes (RMB6, MST1R, RF123, and FAM212A) were identified. Conclusion This study suggests the existence of a genetic correlation and common risk genes between frailty and insomnia, contributing to a deeper comprehension of their pathogenesis and assists in identifying potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwei Song
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Wangyu Li
- Department of Pain Management, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Yupeng Han
- Department of Anesthesiology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Yiya Xu
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Yinzhou Wang
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Medical Analysis, Fujian Academy of Medical Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
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Li Q, Wang L, Tang C, Wang X, Yu Z, Ping X, Ding M, Zheng L. Adipose Tissue Exosome circ_sxc Mediates the Modulatory of Adiposomes on Brain Aging by Inhibiting Brain dme-miR-87-3p. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:224-238. [PMID: 37597108 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03516-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023]
Abstract
Aging of the brain usually leads to the decline of neurological processes and is a major risk factor for various neurodegenerative diseases, including sleep disturbances and cognitive decline. Adipose tissue exosomes, as adipocyte-derived vesicles, may mediate the regulatory processes of adipose tissue on other organs, including the brain; however, the regulatory mechanisms remain unclear. We analyzed the sleep-wake behavior of young (10 days) and old (40 days) Drosophila and found that older Drosophila showed increased sleep fragmentation, which is similar to mammalian aging characteristics. To investigate the cross-tissue regulatory mechanisms of adiposity on brain aging, we extracted 10-day and 40-day Drosophila adipose tissue exosomes and identified circRNAs with age-dependent expression differences by RNA-seq and differential analysis. Furthermore, by combining data from 3 datasets of the GEO database (GSE130158, GSE24992, and GSE184559), circ_sxc that was significantly downregulated with age was finally screened out. Moreover, dme-miR-87-3p, a conserved target of circ_sxc, accumulates in the brain with age and exhibits inhibitory effects in predicted binding relationships with neuroreceptor ligand genes. In summary, the current study showed that the Drosophila brain could obtain circ_sxc by uptake of adipose tissue exosomes which crossed the blood-brain barrier. And circ_sxc suppressed brain miR-87-3p expression through sponge adsorption, which in turn regulated the expression of neurological receptor ligand proteins (5-HT1B, GABA-B-R1, Rdl, Rh7, qvr, NaCP60E) and ensured brain neuronal synaptic signaling normal function of synaptic signaling. However, with aging, this regulatory mechanism is dysregulated by the downregulation of the adipose exosome circ_sxc, which contributes to the brain exhibiting sleep disturbances and other "aging" features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiufang Li
- Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Exercise Rehabilitation of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Lingxiao Wang
- The Center for Heart Development, State Key Laboratory of Development Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
| | - Chao Tang
- Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Exercise Rehabilitation of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaoya Wang
- Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Exercise Rehabilitation of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhengwen Yu
- Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Exercise Rehabilitation of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xu Ping
- Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Exercise Rehabilitation of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Meng Ding
- Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Exercise Rehabilitation of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Lan Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Exercise Rehabilitation of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
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4
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Ingiosi AM, Frank MG. Goodnight, astrocyte: waking up to astroglial mechanisms in sleep. FEBS J 2023; 290:2553-2564. [PMID: 35271767 PMCID: PMC9463397 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Astrocytes mediate many important aspects of neural homeostasis, but until recently, their role in sleep was largely unknown. The situation has dramatically changed in the last decade. The use of transgenic animals, optogenetics, chemogenetics, brain imaging and sophisticated molecular assays has led to exciting discoveries. Astrocytes dynamically change their activity across the sleep-wake cycle and may encode sleep need via changes in intracellular signalling pathways. Astrocytes also exocytose/secrete sleep-inducing molecules which modulate brain activity, sleep architecture and sleep regulation. Many of these observations have been made in mice and Drosophila melanogaster, indicating that astroglial sleep mechanisms are evolutionarily conserved. We review recent findings and discuss future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley M Ingiosi
- Department of Translational Medicine and Physiology, Elson S. Floyd College of Medicine, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, USA
| | - Marcos G Frank
- Department of Translational Medicine and Physiology, Elson S. Floyd College of Medicine, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, USA
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5
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Sanford LD, Adkins AM, Boden AF, Gotthold JD, Harris RD, Shuboni-Mulligan D, Wellman LL, Britten RA. Sleep and Core Body Temperature Alterations Induced by Space Radiation in Rats. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13041002. [PMID: 37109531 PMCID: PMC10144689 DOI: 10.3390/life13041002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Sleep problems in astronauts can arise from mission demands and stress and can impact both their health and ability to accomplish mission objectives. In addition to mission-related physical and psychological stressors, the long durations of the proposed Mars missions will expose astronauts to space radiation (SR), which has a significant impact on the brain and may also alter sleep and physiological functions. Therefore, in this study, we assessed sleep, EEG spectra, activity, and core body temperature (CBT) in rats exposed to SR and compared them to age-matched nonirradiated rats. Male outbred Wistar rats (8-9 months old at the time of the study) received SR (15 cGy GCRsim, n = 15) or served as age- and time-matched controls (CTRL, n = 15) without irradiation. At least 90 days after SR and 3 weeks prior to recording, all rats were implanted with telemetry transmitters for recording EEG, activity, and CBT. Sleep, EEG spectra (delta, 0.5-4 Hz; theta, 4-8 Hz; alpha, 8-12 Hz; sigma, 12-16 Hz; beta, 16-24 Hz), activity, and CBT were examined during light and dark periods and during waking and sleeping states. When compared to the CTRLs, SR produced significant reductions in the amounts of dark period total sleep time, total nonrapid eye movement sleep (NREM), and total rapid eye movement sleep (REM), with significant decreases in light and dark period NREM deltas and dark period REM thetas as well as increases in alpha and sigma in NREM and REM during either light or dark periods. The SR animals showed modest increases in some measures of activity. CBT was significantly reduced during waking and sleeping in the light period. These data demonstrate that SR alone can produce alterations to sleep and temperature control that could have consequences for astronauts and their ability to meet mission demands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larry D Sanford
- Sleep Research Laboratory, Center for Integrative Neuroscience and Inflammatory Diseases, Pathology and Anatomy, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA 23507, USA
| | - Austin M Adkins
- Sleep Research Laboratory, Center for Integrative Neuroscience and Inflammatory Diseases, Pathology and Anatomy, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA 23507, USA
| | - Alea F Boden
- Sleep Research Laboratory, Center for Integrative Neuroscience and Inflammatory Diseases, Pathology and Anatomy, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA 23507, USA
| | - Justin D Gotthold
- Sleep Research Laboratory, Center for Integrative Neuroscience and Inflammatory Diseases, Pathology and Anatomy, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA 23507, USA
| | - Ryan D Harris
- Sleep Research Laboratory, Center for Integrative Neuroscience and Inflammatory Diseases, Pathology and Anatomy, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA 23507, USA
| | - Dorela Shuboni-Mulligan
- Sleep Research Laboratory, Center for Integrative Neuroscience and Inflammatory Diseases, Pathology and Anatomy, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA 23507, USA
| | - Laurie L Wellman
- Sleep Research Laboratory, Center for Integrative Neuroscience and Inflammatory Diseases, Pathology and Anatomy, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA 23507, USA
| | - Richard A Britten
- Center for Integrative Neuroscience and Inflammatory Diseases, Radiation Oncology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA 23507, USA
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6
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Grace KP. Leveraging simplicity to generate fundamental insights into the complex nature of sleep-drives. Sleep 2023; 46:zsad026. [PMID: 36753490 DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsad026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin P Grace
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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7
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Carvalhas-Almeida C, Serra J, Moita J, Cavadas C, Álvaro AR. Understanding neuron-glia crosstalk and biological clocks in insomnia. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2023; 147:105100. [PMID: 36804265 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
According to the World Health Organization, about one-third of the population experiences insomnia symptoms, and about 10-15% suffer from chronic insomnia, the most common sleep disorder. Sleeping difficulties associated with insomnia are often linked to chronic sleep deprivation, which has a negative health impact partly due to disruption in the internal synchronisation of biological clocks. These are regulated by clock genes and modulate most biological processes. Most studies addressing circadian rhythm regulation have focused on the role of neurons, yet glial cells also impact circadian rhythms and sleep regulation. Chronic insomnia and sleep loss have been associated with glial cell activation, exacerbated neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, altered neuronal metabolism and synaptic plasticity, accelerated age-related processes and decreased lifespan. It is, therefore, essential to highlight the importance of glia-neuron interplay on sleep/circadian regulation and overall healthy brain function. Hence, in this review, we aim to address the main neurobiological mechanisms involved in neuron-glia crosstalk, with an emphasis on microglia and astrocytes, in both healthy sleep, chronic sleep deprivation and chronic insomnia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catarina Carvalhas-Almeida
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Portugal; Centre for Innovation in Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Joana Serra
- Sleep Medicine Unit, Coimbra Hospital and University Center (CHUC), Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Joaquim Moita
- Sleep Medicine Unit, Coimbra Hospital and University Center (CHUC), Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Cláudia Cavadas
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Portugal; Centre for Innovation in Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, Portugal; Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Portugal; Institute for Interdisciplinary Research (IIIUC), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana Rita Álvaro
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Portugal; Centre for Innovation in Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, Portugal; Institute for Interdisciplinary Research (IIIUC), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
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8
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Low Levels of Adenosine and GDNF Are Potential Risk Factors for Parkinson's Disease with Sleep Disorders. Brain Sci 2023; 13:brainsci13020200. [PMID: 36831743 PMCID: PMC9953846 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13020200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Sleep disturbances are the most prevalent non-motor symptoms in the preclinical stage of Parkinson's disease (PD). Adenosine, glial-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), and associated neurotransmitters are crucial in the control of sleep arousal. This study aimed to detect the serum levels of adenosine, GDNF, and associated neurotransmitters and explored their correlations with PD with sleep disorders. Demographic characteristics and clinical information of PD patients and healthy participants were assessed. Serum concentrations of adenosine, GDNF, and related neurotransmitters were detected by ELISA and LC-MS. The correlation between serum levels of adenosine, GDNF, and associated neurotransmitters and sleep disorders was explored using logistic regression. PD patients with sleep disorders had higher scores of HAMA, HAMD, ESS, UPDRS-III, and H-Y stage. Lower levels of adenosine, GDNF, and γ-GABA were observed in PD patients who had sleep problems. Logistic regression analysis showed adenosine and GDNF were protective factors for preventing sleep disorders. Adenosine combined with GDNF had a higher diagnostic efficiency in predicting PD with sleep disorders by ROC analysis. This study revealed low adenosine and GDNF levels may be risk factors for sleep disorders in PD. The decrease of serum adenosine and GDNF levels may contribute to the diagnosis of PD with sleep disturbances.
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Kassis A, Fichot MC, Horcajada MN, Horstman AMH, Duncan P, Bergonzelli G, Preitner N, Zimmermann D, Bosco N, Vidal K, Donato-Capel L. Nutritional and lifestyle management of the aging journey: A narrative review. Front Nutr 2023; 9:1087505. [PMID: 36761987 PMCID: PMC9903079 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1087505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
With age, the physiological responses to occasional or regular stressors from a broad range of functions tend to change and adjust at a different pace and restoring these functions in the normal healthy range becomes increasingly challenging. Even if this natural decline is somehow unavoidable, opportunities exist to slow down and attenuate the impact of advancing age on major physiological processes which, when weakened, constitute the hallmarks of aging. This narrative review revisits the current knowledge related to the aging process and its impact on key metabolic functions including immune, digestive, nervous, musculoskeletal, and cardiovascular functions; and revisits insights into the important biological targets that could inspire effective strategies to promote healthy aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amira Kassis
- Whiteboard Nutrition Science, Beaconsfield, QC, Canada,Amira Kassis,
| | | | | | | | - Peter Duncan
- Nestlé Research, Société des Produits Nestlé S.A., Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Nicolas Preitner
- Nestlé Research, Société des Produits Nestlé S.A., Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Diane Zimmermann
- Nestlé Research, Société des Produits Nestlé S.A., Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Nabil Bosco
- Nestlé Research, Société des Produits Nestlé S.A., Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Karine Vidal
- Nestlé Research, Société des Produits Nestlé S.A., Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Laurence Donato-Capel
- Nestlé Research, Société des Produits Nestlé S.A., Lausanne, Switzerland,*Correspondence: Laurence Donato-Capel,
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10
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Modeling integrated stress, sleep, fear and neuroimmune responses: Relevance for understanding trauma and stress-related disorders. Neurobiol Stress 2023; 23:100517. [PMID: 36793998 PMCID: PMC9923229 DOI: 10.1016/j.ynstr.2023.100517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Sleep and stress have complex interactions that are implicated in both physical diseases and psychiatric disorders. These interactions can be modulated by learning and memory, and involve additional interactions with the neuroimmune system. In this paper, we propose that stressful challenges induce integrated responses across multiple systems that can vary depending on situational variables in which the initial stress was experienced, and with the ability of the individual to cope with stress- and fear-inducing challenges. Differences in coping may involve differences in resilience and vulnerability and/or whether the stressful context allows adaptive learning and responses. We provide data demonstrating both common (corticosterone, SIH and fear behaviors) and distinguishing (sleep and neuroimmune) responses that are associated with an individual's ability to respond and relative resilience and vulnerability. We discuss neurocircuitry regulating integrated stress, sleep, neuroimmune and fear responses, and show that responses can be modulated at the neural level. Finally, we discuss factors that need to be considered in models of integrated stress responses and their relevance for understanding stress-related disorders in humans.
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11
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Pinto MJ, Cottin L, Dingli F, Laigle V, Ribeiro LF, Triller A, Henderson F, Loew D, Fabre V, Bessis A. Microglial TNFα orchestrates protein phosphorylation in the cortex during the sleep period and controls homeostatic sleep. EMBO J 2023; 42:e111485. [PMID: 36385434 PMCID: PMC9811617 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2022111485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Sleep intensity is adjusted by the length of previous awake time, and under tight homeostatic control by protein phosphorylation. Here, we establish microglia as a new cellular component of the sleep homeostasis circuit. Using quantitative phosphoproteomics of the mouse frontal cortex, we demonstrate that microglia-specific deletion of TNFα perturbs thousands of phosphorylation sites during the sleep period. Substrates of microglial TNFα comprise sleep-related kinases such as MAPKs and MARKs, and numerous synaptic proteins, including a subset whose phosphorylation status encodes sleep need and determines sleep duration. As a result, microglial TNFα loss attenuates the build-up of sleep need, as measured by electroencephalogram slow-wave activity and prevents immediate compensation for loss of sleep. Our data suggest that microglia control sleep homeostasis by releasing TNFα which acts on neuronal circuitry through dynamic control of phosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria J Pinto
- Institut de Biologie de l'École normale supérieure (IBENS), École normale supérieure, CNRS, INSERMUniversité PSLParisFrance
| | - Léa Cottin
- Institut de Biologie de l'École normale supérieure (IBENS), École normale supérieure, CNRS, INSERMUniversité PSLParisFrance
| | - Florent Dingli
- Centre de Recherche, Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse ProtéomiqueInstitut Curie, PSL Research UniversityParisFrance
| | - Victor Laigle
- Centre de Recherche, Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse ProtéomiqueInstitut Curie, PSL Research UniversityParisFrance
| | - Luís F Ribeiro
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), Institute for Interdisciplinary Research (IIIUC)University of CoimbraCoimbraPortugal
| | - Antoine Triller
- Institut de Biologie de l'École normale supérieure (IBENS), École normale supérieure, CNRS, INSERMUniversité PSLParisFrance
| | - Fiona Henderson
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS UMR 8246, INSERM U1130, Neuroscience Paris Seine – Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (NPS – IBPS)ParisFrance
| | - Damarys Loew
- Centre de Recherche, Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse ProtéomiqueInstitut Curie, PSL Research UniversityParisFrance
| | - Véronique Fabre
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS UMR 8246, INSERM U1130, Neuroscience Paris Seine – Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (NPS – IBPS)ParisFrance
| | - Alain Bessis
- Institut de Biologie de l'École normale supérieure (IBENS), École normale supérieure, CNRS, INSERMUniversité PSLParisFrance
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12
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Hu Y, Yin J, Yang G. Melatonin upregulates BMAL1 to attenuate chronic sleep deprivation-related cognitive impairment by alleviating oxidative stress. Brain Behav 2023; 13:e2836. [PMID: 36563187 PMCID: PMC9847595 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.2836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the mechanism underlying the regulatory effect of melatonin on chronic sleep deprivation-related cognitive impairment. METHODS Chronic sleep deprivation (CSD) model was established using the MMPM method. After the model was established, melatonin receptor agonist and inhibitor were given, respectively. Water maze was conducted to record the escape latency and the duration of crossing the platform of space exploration. The concentration of TNF-α, IL-6, MDA, and SOD was measured by ELISA. Immunofluorescence was used to determine the expression level of CD86 and CD206, while the mRNA expression of Bax, Bcl-2, P65, IκB, and BMAL1 was detected by qPCR. Western blotting assay was utilized to determine the protein expression of Bax, Bcl-2, P65, p-P65, IκB, p-I κB, and BMAL1. RESULTS Compared with the control, the escape latency was greatly increased on the second and third day, accompanied by the increased expression of TNF-α, IL-6, MDA, and SOD in serum. Furthermore, dramatically upregulated Bax, Bcl-2, P65, IκB, and CD86 were observed in the model group, accompanied by the declined expression level of BMAL1 and CD206. Compared with the model group, the escape latency was declined, the concentration of TNF-α, IL-6, MDA, and SOD was decreased, the expression level of Bax, Bcl-2, P65, IκB, and CD86 was declined, and the level of BMAL1 and CD206 was promoted by the treatment of the melatonin agonist, while the opposite results were observed under the treatment of the melatonin inhibitor. CONCLUSION Melatonin upregulates BMAL1 to attenuate chronic sleep deprivation-related cognitive impairment by alleviating oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Hu
- Department of Neurology, Central South University Xiangya School of Medicine Affiliated Haikou Hospital, Haikou, China
| | - Jierong Yin
- Department of Neurology, Central South University Xiangya School of Medicine Affiliated Haikou Hospital, Haikou, China
| | - Guoshuai Yang
- Department of Neurology, Central South University Xiangya School of Medicine Affiliated Haikou Hospital, Haikou, China
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13
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Carvalhas-Almeida C, Cavadas C, Álvaro AR. The impact of insomnia on frailty and the hallmarks of aging. Aging Clin Exp Res 2023; 35:253-269. [PMID: 36583849 PMCID: PMC9895045 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-022-02310-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Throughout the course of life, there are age-related changes in sleep. Despite these normal changes, there is a high percentage of older adults that report sleep dissatisfaction with a high pervasiveness of chronic insomnia, the most common sleep disorder worldwide, with its prevalence being expected to continuously increase due to the growing rates of aging and obesity. This can have different adverse health outcomes, especially by promoting both physical and cognitive decline, which ultimately may aggravate frailty in older adults. Moreover, age-related frailty and sleep dysfunction may have a common mechanism related to the hallmarks of cellular aging. Cellular aging was categorized into nine hallmarks, such as DNA damage, telomere attrition and epigenetic changes. In the context of geriatric and chronic insomnia research, this review aims at discussing the current evidence from both animal models and human cohorts addressing the link between chronic insomnia, the hallmarks of aging and their impact on frailty. Moreover, the most recent research about the putative effect of insomnia therapeutic approaches on hallmarks of aging will be also highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catarina Carvalhas-Almeida
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Centre for Innovation in Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- EIT Health Ageing PhD School and Multidisciplinary Institute of Ageing (MIA-Portugal), Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Cláudia Cavadas
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Centre for Innovation in Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Research (IIIUC), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana Rita Álvaro
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
- Centre for Innovation in Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Research (IIIUC), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
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14
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Garrido-Suárez BB, Garrido-Valdes M, Garrido G. Reactogenic sleepiness after COVID-19 vaccination. A hypothesis involving orexinergic system linked to inflammatory signals. Sleep Med 2022; 98:79-86. [PMID: 35792321 PMCID: PMC9212783 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2022.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) represents a global healthcare crisis that has led to morbidity and mortality on an unprecedented scale. While studies on COVID-19 vaccines are ongoing, the knowledge about the reactogenic symptoms that can occur after vaccination and its generator mechanisms can be critical for healthcare professionals to improve compliance with the future vaccination campaign. Because sleep and immunity are bidirectionally linked, sleepiness or sleep disturbance side effects reported after some of the COVID-19 vaccines advise an academic research line in the context of physiological or pathological neuroimmune interactions. On the recognized basis of inflammatory regulation of hypothalamic neurons in sickness behavior, we hypothesized that IL-1β, INF-γ and TNF-α pro-inflammatory cytokines inhibit orexinergic neurons promoting sleepiness after peripheral activation of the innate immune system induced by the novel COVID-19 vaccines. In addition, based on knowledge of previous vaccines and disease manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 infection, it also suggests that narcolepsy must be included as potential adverse events of particular interest to consider in pharmacovigilance studies.
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15
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Pak VM, Paul S, Swieboda D, Balthazar MS, Wharton W. Sleep duration and biomarkers of inflammation in African American and white participants with a parental history of Alzheimer's disease. ALZHEIMER'S & DEMENTIA (NEW YORK, N. Y.) 2022; 8:e12332. [PMID: 36177446 PMCID: PMC9473642 DOI: 10.1002/trc2.12332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Introduction African Americans (AA)s have worse inflammation, worse sleep, and a greater incidence of Alzheimer's disease (AD) compared to whites; however, no studies have examined associations between biomarkers, sleep, and cognition, and differences by race. Methods Seventy-six cognitively normal, middle aged (45-65 years) adults with a parental history of AD were included in this study. Associations between biomarkers (tumor necrosis factor-α [TNF-α], interleukin-10 [IL-10], intercellular adhesion molecule-1 [ICAM-1],, and C-reactive protein [CRP]) and self-reported sleep or cognition measures, were assessed. Results Average sleep duration was significantly lower for AA versus whites (average[SD]) in hours: 6.02(1.18) versus 7.23(0.91), P = .000004). We found a statistically significant association between plasma IL-10 and sleep duration (Spearman's ρ = 0.26, P = .04) and CSF ICAM-1 and sleep quality (Spearman's ρ = 0.30, P = .03). Discussion Longer sleep duration is positively associated with plasma IL-10 levels irrespective of race. Sleep quality was positively associated with CSF ICAM-1 only in African Americans.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Monique S. Balthazar
- School of NursingEmory UniversityAtlantaGeorgiaUSA,Byrdine F. Lewis College of Nursing and Health ProfessionsGeorgia State UniversityAtlantaGeorgiaUSA
| | - Whitney Wharton
- School of NursingEmory UniversityAtlantaGeorgiaUSA,Cognitive Neurology DepartmentEmory UniversityAtlantaGeorgiaUSA
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16
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Rowe RK, Green TRF, Giordano KR, Ortiz JB, Murphy SM, Opp MR. Microglia Are Necessary to Regulate Sleep after an Immune Challenge. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:1241. [PMID: 36009868 PMCID: PMC9405260 DOI: 10.3390/biology11081241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Microglia play a critical role in the neuroimmune response, but little is known about the role of microglia in sleep following an inflammatory trigger. Nevertheless, decades of research have been predicated on the assumption that an inflammatory trigger increases sleep through microglial activation. We hypothesized that mice (n = 30) with depleted microglia using PLX5622 (PLX) would sleep less following the administration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to induce inflammation. Brains were collected and microglial morphology was assessed using quantitative skeletal analyses and physiological parameters were recorded using non-invasive piezoelectric cages. Mice fed PLX diet had a transient increase in sleep that dissipated by week 2. Subsequently, following a first LPS injection (0.4 mg/kg), mice with depleted microglia slept more than mice on the control diet. All mice were returned to normal rodent chow to repopulate microglia in the PLX group (10 days). Nominal differences in sleep existed during the microglia repopulation period. However, following a second LPS injection, mice with repopulated microglia slept similarly to control mice during the dark period but with longer bouts during the light period. Comparing sleep after the first LPS injection to sleep after the second LPS injection, controls exhibited temporal changes in sleep patterns but no change in cumulative minutes slept, whereas cumulative sleep in mice with repopulated microglia decreased during the dark period across all days. Repopulated microglia had a reactive morphology. We conclude that microglia are necessary to regulate sleep after an immune challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel K. Rowe
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80301, USA
- Barrow Neurological Institute at Phoenix Children’s Hospital, Phoenix, AZ 85016, USA
- Department of Child Health, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA
| | - Tabitha R. F. Green
- Department of Child Health, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA
| | - Katherine R. Giordano
- Department of Child Health, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA
- Phoenix Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Phoenix, AZ 85012, USA
| | - J. Bryce Ortiz
- Department of Child Health, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA
- Phoenix Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Phoenix, AZ 85012, USA
| | - Sean M. Murphy
- Department of Child Health, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA
| | - Mark R. Opp
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80301, USA
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17
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Minakawa EN. Bidirectional Relationship Between Sleep Disturbances and Parkinson's Disease. Front Neurol 2022; 13:927994. [PMID: 35923835 PMCID: PMC9342689 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.927994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease after Alzheimer's disease (AD). Both diseases share common clinical and pathological features: the gradual progression of neurological and psychiatric symptoms caused by neuronal dysfunction and neuronal cell death due to the accumulation of misfolded and neurotoxic proteins. Furthermore, both of them are multifactorial diseases in which both genetic and non-genetic factors contribute to the disease course. Non-genetic factors are of particular interest for the development of preventive and therapeutic approaches for these diseases because they are modifiable; of these, sleep is a particularly intriguing factor. Sleep disturbances are highly prevalent among both patients with AD and PD. To date, research has suggested that sleep disturbances are a consequence as well as a risk factor for the onset and progression of AD, which implies a bidirectional relationship between sleep and AD. Whether such a relationship exists in PD is less certain, albeit highly plausible given the shared pathomechanisms. This review examines the current evidence for the bidirectional relationship between sleep and PD. It includes research in both humans and animal models, followed by a discussion of the current understanding of the mechanisms underlying this relationship. Finally, potential avenues of research toward achieving disease modification to treat or prevent PD are proposed. Although further efforts are crucial for preventing the onset and slowing the progress of PD, it is evident that sleep is a valuable candidate target for future interventions to improve the outcomes of PD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eiko N. Minakawa
- Department of Neurophysiology, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Japan
- Parkinson Disease and Movement Disorder Center, National Center Hospital, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Japan
- Sleep Disorder Center, National Center Hospital, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Japan
- Research Center for Neurocognitive Disorders, National Center Hospital, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Japan
- *Correspondence: Eiko N. Minakawa
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18
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Gentry NW, McMahon T, Yamazaki M, Webb J, Arnold TD, Rosi S, Ptáček LJ, Fu YH. Microglia are involved in the protection of memories formed during sleep deprivation. Neurobiol Sleep Circadian Rhythms 2022; 12:100073. [PMID: 35028489 PMCID: PMC8741522 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbscr.2021.100073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Sleep deprivation can generate inflammatory responses in the central nervous system. In turn, this inflammation increases sleep drive, leading to a rebound in sleep duration. Microglia, the innate immune cells found exclusively in the CNS, have previously been found to release inflammatory signals and exhibit altered characteristics in response to sleep deprivation. Together, this suggests that microglia may be partially responsible for the brain's response to sleep deprivation through their inflammatory activity. In this study, we ablated microglia from the mouse brain and assessed resulting sleep, circadian, and sleep deprivation phenotypes. We find that microglia are dispensable for both homeostatic sleep and circadian function and the sleep rebound response to sleep deprivation. However, we uncover a phenomenon by which microglia appear to be essential for the protection of fear-conditioning memories formed during the recovery sleep period following a period of sleep deprivation. This phenomenon occurs potentially through the upregulation of synaptic-homeostasis related genes to protect nascent dendritic spines that may be otherwise removed or downscaled during recovery sleep. These findings further expand the list of known functions for microglia in synaptic modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas W. Gentry
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Thomas McMahon
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Maya Yamazaki
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - John Webb
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Thomas D. Arnold
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
- Department of Physical Rehabilitation Science, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Susanna Rosi
- Department of Physical Rehabilitation Science, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
- Weill Institute for Neuroscience, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
- Kavli Institute for Fundamental Neuroscience, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Louis J. Ptáček
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
- Institute for Human Genetics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
- Weill Institute for Neuroscience, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
- Kavli Institute for Fundamental Neuroscience, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Ying-Hui Fu
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
- Institute for Human Genetics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
- Weill Institute for Neuroscience, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
- Kavli Institute for Fundamental Neuroscience, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
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Association bBetween sSleep dDisorder and aAtrial fFibrillation: A nNationwide pPopulation-based cCohort sStudy. Sleep Med 2022; 96:50-56. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2022.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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20
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Sunkaria A, Bhardwaj S. Sleep Disturbance and Alzheimer's Disease: The Glial Connection. Neurochem Res 2022; 47:1799-1815. [PMID: 35303225 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-022-03578-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Poor quality and quantity of sleep are very common in elderly people throughout the world. Growing evidence has suggested that sleep disturbances could accelerate the process of neurodegeneration. Recent reports have shown a positive correlation between sleep deprivation and amyloid-β (Aβ)/tau aggregation in the brain of Alzheimer's patients. Glial cells have long been implicated in the progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and recent findings have also suggested their role in regulating sleep homeostasis. However, how glial cells control the sleep-wake balance and exactly how disturbed sleep may act as a trigger for Alzheimer's or other neurological disorders have recently gotten attention. In an attempt to connect the dots, the present review has highlighted the role of glia-derived sleep regulatory molecules in AD pathogenesis. Role of glia in sleep disturbance and Alzheimer's progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditya Sunkaria
- Department of Biotechnology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, 143005, India.
| | - Supriya Bhardwaj
- Department of Dermatology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, 160012, India
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21
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Wang J, Gao X, Gao P, Liu J. A Cross-Sectional Study on the Relationship Among Cytokines, 5-HT2A Receptor Polymorphisms, and Sleep Quality of Non-manual Workers in Xinjiang, China. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:777566. [PMID: 35463508 PMCID: PMC9019505 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.777566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies have shown that cytokine activity changes during the sleep-wake process, suggesting that inflammatory factors may be involved in a mechanism affecting sleep quality. Furthermore, the serotonergic system is also one of the essential components of airway relaxation during sleep, especially the serotonin 2A receptor (5-HTR2A) type that plays an important role in the sleep-wake process. Therefore, this research aimed to investigate the effects of cytokines and 5-HTR2A polymorphisms on sleep quality in non-manual workers in Urumqi, Xinjiang in order to explore the relationship between the three. METHODS This study used a cluster sampling method to randomly select non-manual workers who worked in Urumqi, Xinjiang for at least 1 year. From July 2016 and December 2017, this study recruited 1,500 non-manual workers for physical examination in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 1,329 non-manual workers were finally included in the questionnaire study. It used the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index questionnaire to assess sleep quality. Moreover, another 15% of respondents were randomly selected as the experimental study group. The polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism was used to detect 5-HTR2A gene genotypes. Simultaneously, the cytokine (IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, and TNF-α) content was evaluated using an enzyme-linked immunoassay. RESULTS The results showed that among the 1,329 respondents, 870 had sleep quality problems, and the detection rate was 65.46%. The distribution of -1438G/A genotypes in the 5-HTR2A gene was significantly different among different sleep quality groups (p < 0.05), with no statistical significance present when comparing to T102C (p > 0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that the AG [odds ratio (OR) = 2.771, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.054-7.287] and GG (OR = 4.037, 95% CI: 1.244-13.105) genotypes at -1438G/A loci were both associated with poor sleep quality and were thus considered the susceptibility genotypes for sleep problems. Furthermore, IL-1β was shown to be a protective factor for sleep quality (OR = 0.949, 95% CI: 0.925-0.974). The interaction results showed that AG × IL-1β (OR = 0.952, 95% CI: 0.918-0.987) was associated with a lower risk of sleep problems than AA × IL-1β. CONCLUSION Cytokines and 5-HTR2A polymorphisms not only have independent effects on sleep but also may have cumulative effects. Therefore, it is necessary to further explore the related mechanisms affecting sleep quality to improve the sleep quality of non-manual workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Wang
- Department of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Xiaoyan Gao
- Department of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Pengcheng Gao
- Department of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Jiwen Liu
- Department of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
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22
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Bonilla-Jaime H, Zeleke H, Rojas A, Espinosa-Garcia C. Sleep Disruption Worsens Seizures: Neuroinflammation as a Potential Mechanistic Link. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:12531. [PMID: 34830412 PMCID: PMC8617844 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sleep disturbances, such as insomnia, obstructive sleep apnea, and daytime sleepiness, are common in people diagnosed with epilepsy. These disturbances can be attributed to nocturnal seizures, psychosocial factors, and/or the use of anti-epileptic drugs with sleep-modifying side effects. Epilepsy patients with poor sleep quality have intensified seizure frequency and disease progression compared to their well-rested counterparts. A better understanding of the complex relationship between sleep and epilepsy is needed, since approximately 20% of seizures and more than 90% of sudden unexpected deaths in epilepsy occur during sleep. Emerging studies suggest that neuroinflammation, (e.g., the CNS immune response characterized by the change in expression of inflammatory mediators and glial activation) may be a potential link between sleep deprivation and seizures. Here, we review the mechanisms by which sleep deprivation induces neuroinflammation and propose that neuroinflammation synergizes with seizure activity to worsen neurodegeneration in the epileptic brain. Additionally, we highlight the relevance of sleep interventions, often overlooked by physicians, to manage seizures, prevent epilepsy-related mortality, and improve quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Herlinda Bonilla-Jaime
- Departamento de Biología de la Reproducción, Área de Biología Conductual y Reproductiva, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Ciudad de Mexico CP 09340, Mexico;
| | - Helena Zeleke
- Neuroscience and Behavioral Biology Program, College of Arts and Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA;
| | - Asheebo Rojas
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Claudia Espinosa-Garcia
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
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23
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Corsi G, Picard K, di Castro MA, Garofalo S, Tucci F, Chece G, Del Percio C, Golia MT, Raspa M, Scavizzi F, Decoeur F, Lauro C, Rigamonti M, Iannello F, Ragozzino DA, Russo E, Bernardini G, Nadjar A, Tremblay ME, Babiloni C, Maggi L, Limatola C. Microglia modulate hippocampal synaptic transmission and sleep duration along the light/dark cycle. Glia 2021; 70:89-105. [PMID: 34487590 PMCID: PMC9291950 DOI: 10.1002/glia.24090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Microglia, the brain's resident macrophages, actively contribute to the homeostasis of cerebral parenchyma by sensing neuronal activity and supporting synaptic remodeling and plasticity. While several studies demonstrated different roles for astrocytes in sleep, the contribution of microglia in the regulation of sleep/wake cycle and in the modulation of synaptic activity in the different day phases has not been deeply investigated. Using light as a zeitgeber cue, we studied the effects of microglial depletion with the colony stimulating factor‐1 receptor antagonist PLX5622 on the sleep/wake cycle and on hippocampal synaptic transmission in male mice. Our data demonstrate that almost complete microglial depletion increases the duration of NREM sleep and reduces the hippocampal excitatory neurotransmission. The fractalkine receptor CX3CR1 plays a relevant role in these effects, because cx3cr1GFP/GFP mice recapitulate what found in PLX5622‐treated mice. Furthermore, during the light phase, microglia express lower levels of cx3cr1 and a reduction of cx3cr1 expression is also observed when cultured microglial cells are stimulated by ATP, a purinergic molecule released during sleep. Our findings suggest that microglia participate in the regulation of sleep, adapting their cx3cr1 expression in response to the light/dark phase, and modulating synaptic activity in a phase‐dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgio Corsi
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Katherine Picard
- Axe Neurosciences, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Stefano Garofalo
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Federico Tucci
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.,Department of Neurology, San Raffaele of Cassino, Cassino (FR), Italy
| | - Giuseppina Chece
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Claudio Del Percio
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Golia
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Marcello Raspa
- National Research Council, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (EMMA/Infrafrontier/IMPC, International Campus "A. Buzzati-Traverso", Rome, Italy
| | - Ferdinando Scavizzi
- National Research Council, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (EMMA/Infrafrontier/IMPC, International Campus "A. Buzzati-Traverso", Rome, Italy
| | - Fanny Decoeur
- INRAE, Bordeaux INP, NutriNeuro UMR 1286, Bordeaux University, Bordeaux, France
| | - Clotilde Lauro
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Eleonora Russo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Agnès Nadjar
- INRAE, Bordeaux INP, NutriNeuro UMR 1286, Bordeaux University, Bordeaux, France.,INSERM, Neurocentre Magendie, Physiopathologie de la Plasticité Neuronale, Bordeaux, France
| | - Marie Eve Tremblay
- Axe Neurosciences, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada.,Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada.,The Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Claudio Babiloni
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.,Department of Neurology, San Raffaele of Cassino, Cassino (FR), Italy
| | - Laura Maggi
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Cristina Limatola
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University, Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia, Rome, Italy.,Department of Neurophysiology, Neuropharmacology, Inflammaging, IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
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24
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Li S, Li Z, Wu Q, Liu C, Zhou Y, Chen L, Lan W, Li Y, Han S, Chen Z. Effect of exercise intervention on primary insomnia: a meta-analysis. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 2021; 61:857-866. [PMID: 34110122 DOI: 10.23736/s0022-4707.21.11443-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Exercise can have a positive effect on body functioning and immunity. This study systematically evaluated the effect of exercise intervention on patients diagnosed with primary insomnia. Based on the meta-analysis, we developed exercise recommendations to help improving sleep quality in these patients. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION Using a combination of manual and electronic retrieval strategies, we examined the CNKI, VIP, Wanfang, Web of Science, SpringerLink, EBSCO, PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Embase databases; and identified randomized controlled trials that addressed the effects of exercise intervention on primary insomnia and were published before October 2019. Risk of bias was assessed based on the Cochrane Handbook 5.1.0, and meta-analysis was conducted using STATA 13.0 (StataCorp LLC; College Station, TX, USA). EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS Data were included for 1269 patients who received exercise interventions and 1203 patients who received drug therapy or no intervention (controls) in 23 trials of high quality. Meta-analysis showed that exercise intervention had a significant effect on the treatment of primary insomnia (SMD: -1.64, 95% CI: -2.08 to -1.19, P<0.001). Subgroup analysis showed significant effect sizes for older patients (>60 years) (SMD: -1.69, 95% CI: -2.40 to -0.97, P<0.001), aerobic exercise (SMD: -2.21, 95% CI: -2.89 to -1.53, P<0.001), interventions lasting 8-12 weeks (SMD: -2.58, 95% CI: -3.61 to -1.54, P<0.001), interventions lasting ≤60 min (SMD: -2.29, 95% CI: -3.66 to -0.92, P=0.001), Asian patients (SMD: -1.86, 95% CI: -2.42 to -1.31, P<0.001), and interventions ≤4 times/week (SMD: -1.70, 95% CI: -2.29 to -1.11, P<0.001). Both bias and sensitivity analyses suggested that our meta-analysis gave robust results. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that exercise intervention has a significant positive influence on primary insomnia, especially for older patients. We recommend that an exercise regimen of 60 min 4-5 times a week for 8-12 weeks can improve sleep quality and treat the symptoms of primary insomnia. Future studies should focus on verifying and extending our results by increasing sample size and improving the quality of studies included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Li
- Institute of Sport Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhichao Li
- Institute of Sport Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qianjin Wu
- Institute of Sport Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chenyu Liu
- University for the Creative Arts, Farnham, UK
| | - Yan Zhou
- Institute of Sport Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lan Chen
- Institute of Sport Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wencen Lan
- Institute of Sport Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Li
- Institute of Sport Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Song Han
- Institute of Sport Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zichao Chen
- Institute of Sport Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China -
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Lee S, Deason K, Rancourt D, Gray HL. Disentangling the Relationship between Food Insecurity and Poor Sleep Health. Ecol Food Nutr 2021; 60:580-595. [PMID: 34032535 DOI: 10.1080/03670244.2021.1926245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has created disruptions in global and national food supply chains. Along with an increase in the unemployment rate, this resulted in a rise in food insecurity at the community-level, threatening individual and family well-being. Food insecurity is associated with inadequate nutrient intakes, weight gain, and psychological distress, including anxiety and depressive symptoms, all of which are known to affect sleep. Yet, little is known about whether and how food insecurity is associated with sleep health, a critical but underrecognized health outcome. This paper reviews literature describing associations between food insecurity and sleep, summarizes key findings based on proposed mechanisms, and discusses directions for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soomi Lee
- School of Aging Studies, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Karley Deason
- School of Aging Studies, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Diana Rancourt
- Department of Psychology, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Heewon L Gray
- College of Public Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
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Prospective study of sleep duration and glioma risk. Cancer Causes Control 2021; 32:1039-1042. [PMID: 34014383 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-021-01447-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Both long and short sleep duration have been linked with risk of some cancers, but evidence for glioma is lacking. METHODS Using prospective data from the UK Biobank (UKB), the Nurses' Health Study (NHS), and the Health Professionals Follow-Up Study (HPFS), we examined the association between self-reported hours of sleep and incident glioma in multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional hazards models. RESULTS In the UKB, compared to 7 h, sleep durations of < 7 h (HR = 0.90; 95% CI 0.70-1.16) or > 7 h (HR = 1.05; 95% CI 0.85-1.30) were not significantly associated with glioma risk. Likewise, no significant associations were found between sleep duration and glioma risk in the NHS/HPFS for either < 7 h (HR = 0.93; 95% CI 0.69-1.26) or > 7 h (HR = 1.22; 95% CI 0.94-1.57), compared to 7 h. Results were similar for low-grade and high-grade glioma, did not materially change after lagging 2 years, or after accounting for factors known to disrupt sleep. CONCLUSION Sleep duration was not associated with incident glioma in either the UKB or the NHS/HPFS cohorts.
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Tracy EL, Reid KJ, Baron KG. The relationship between sleep and physical activity: The moderating role of daily alcohol consumption. Sleep 2021; 44:6261962. [PMID: 34009345 PMCID: PMC8503823 DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsab112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES Studies have demonstrated a daily, bidirectional relationship between sleep and physical activity. However, little is known about how other health behaviors, such as alcohol consumption affect this relationship. This study examined how daily and average alcohol consumption affects the relationships between sleep and physical activity. METHODS Participants included 70 men and women, ages 18-50 with sleep duration >6.5 h. Participants wore an actigraph, physical activity monitor and recorded number of alcoholic drinks by daily food logs for 7 days. Results were analyzed using multi-level models to evaluate the 7-day average (i.e., between-person effects) and daily effects (i.e., within-person effects) simultaneously. RESULTS Those with more average (7 day) minutes of vigorous physical activity had less wake after sleep onset (WASO). Furthermore, a higher number of alcoholic drinks was associated with longer sleep duration and higher WASO over 7 days. Days with a higher number of alcoholic drinks were associated with higher WASO and sleep fragmentation that night. Alcohol intake moderated the average (7 day) and daily relationships between sleep and physical activity such that high average (7 days) WASO was associated with shorter average total physical activity duration, but only for those with higher alcohol intake. In addition, longer physical activity duration during the day was associated with lower sleep fragmentation that night, but only for those with lower alcohol intake. CONCLUSIONS These data demonstrate that in a naturalistic setting, alcohol intake negatively impacts sleep and diminishes the benefits of physical activity on sleep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunjin Lee Tracy
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Kathryn Jean Reid
- Department of Neurology Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL USA
| | - Kelly Glazer Baron
- Division of Public Health, Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
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Snijders GJLJ, van Zuiden W, Sneeboer MAM, Berdenis van Berlekom A, van der Geest AT, Schnieder T, MacIntyre DJ, Hol EM, Kahn RS, de Witte LD. A loss of mature microglial markers without immune activation in schizophrenia. Glia 2021; 69:1251-1267. [PMID: 33410555 PMCID: PMC7986895 DOI: 10.1002/glia.23962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Microglia, the immune cells of the brain, are important for neurodevelopment and have been hypothesized to play a role in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia (SCZ). Although previous postmortem studies pointed toward presence of microglial activation, this view has been challenged by more recent hypothesis-driven and hypothesis-free analyses. The aim of the present study is to further understand the observed microglial changes in SCZ. We first performed a detailed meta-analysis on studies that analyzed microglial cell density, microglial morphology, and expression of microglial-specific markers. We then further explored findings from the temporal cortex by performing immunostainings and qPCRs on an additional dataset. A random effect meta-analysis showed that the density of microglial cells was unaltered in SCZ (ES: 0.144 95% CI: 0.102 to 0.390, p = .250), and clear changes in microglial morphology were also absent. The expression of several microglial specific genes, such as CX3CR1, CSF1R, IRF8, OLR1, and TMEM119 was decreased in SCZ (ES: -0.417 95% CI: -0.417 to -0.546, p < .0001), consistent with genome-wide transcriptome meta-analysis results. These results indicate a change in microglial phenotype rather than density, which was validated with the use of TMEM119/Iba1 immunostainings on temporal cortex of a separate cohort. Changes in microglial gene expression were overlapping between SCZ and other psychiatric disorders, but largely opposite from changes reported in Alzheimer's disease. This distinct microglial phenotype provides a crucial molecular hallmark for future research into the role of microglia in SCZ and other psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gijsje J. L. J. Snijders
- Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Brain Center Rudolf MagnusUniversity Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University (BCRM‐UMCU‐UU)UtrechtThe Netherlands
- Department of PsychiatryIcahn School of MedicineNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | | | | | - Amber Berdenis van Berlekom
- Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Brain Center Rudolf MagnusUniversity Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University (BCRM‐UMCU‐UU)UtrechtThe Netherlands
- Department of Translational Neuroscience (BCRM‐UMCU‐UU)UtrechtThe Netherlands
| | | | | | - Donald J. MacIntyre
- Division of Psychiatry, Centre for Clinical Brain SciencesUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - Elly M. Hol
- Department of Translational Neuroscience (BCRM‐UMCU‐UU)UtrechtThe Netherlands
- Neuroimmunology, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, An Institute of the Royal Academy of Arts and SciencesAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - René S. Kahn
- Department of PsychiatryIcahn School of MedicineNew YorkNew YorkUSA
- Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), James J Peters VA Medical CenterBronxNew YorkUSA
| | - Lot D. de Witte
- Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Brain Center Rudolf MagnusUniversity Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University (BCRM‐UMCU‐UU)UtrechtThe Netherlands
- Department of PsychiatryIcahn School of MedicineNew YorkNew YorkUSA
- Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), James J Peters VA Medical CenterBronxNew YorkUSA
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Dykstra-Aiello C, Koh KMS, Nguyen J, Xue M, Roy S, Krueger JM. A wake-like state in vitro induced by transmembrane TNF/soluble TNF receptor reverse signaling. Brain Behav Immun 2021; 94:245-258. [PMID: 33571627 PMCID: PMC8058269 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2021.01.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF) has sleep regulatory and brain development roles. TNF promotes sleep in vivo and in vitro while TNF inhibition diminishes sleep. Transmembrane (tm) TNF and the tmTNF receptors (Rs), are cleaved by tumor necrosis factor alpha convertase to produce soluble (s) TNF and sTNFRs. Reverse signaling occurs in cells expressing tmTNF upon sTNFR binding. sTNFR administration in vivo inhibits sleep, thus we hypothesized that a wake-like state in vitro would be induced by sTNFR-tmTNF reverse signaling. Somatosensory cortical neuron/glia co-cultures derived from male and female mice lacking both TNFRs (TNFRKO), or lacking TNF (TNFKO) and wildtype (WT) mice were plated onto six-well multi-electrode arrays. Daily one-hour electrophysiological recordings were taken on culture days 4 through 14. sTNFR1 (0.0, 0.3, 3, 30, 60, and 120 ng/µL) was administered on day 14. A final one-hour recording was taken on day 15. Four measures were characterized that are also used to define sleep in vivo: action potentials (APs), burstiness index (BI), synchronization of electrical activity (SYN), and slow wave power (SWP; 0.25-3.75 Hz). Development rates of these emergent electrophysiological properties increased in cells from mice lacking TNF or both TNFRs compared to cells from WT mice. Decreased SWP, after the three lowest doses (0.3, 3 and 30 ng/µL) of the sTNFR1, indicate a wake-like state in cells from TNFRKO mice. A wake-like state was also induced after 3 ng/µl sTNFR1 treatment in cells from TNFKO mice, which express the TNFR1 ligand, lymphotoxin alpha. Cells from WT mice showed no treatment effects. Results are consistent with prior studies demonstrating involvement of TNF in brain development, TNF reverse signaling, and sleep regulation in vivo. Further, the current demonstration of sTNFR1 induction of a wake-like state in vitro is consistent with the idea that small neuronal/glial circuits manifest sleep- and wake-like states analogous to those occurring in vivo. Finally, that sTNF forward signaling enhances sleep while sTNFR1 reverse signaling enhances a wake-like state is consistent with other sTNF/tmTNF/sTNFR1 brain actions having opposing activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheryl Dykstra-Aiello
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Neuroscience, Washington State University-Spokane, WA, United States.
| | - Khia Min Sabrina Koh
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Neuroscience, Washington State University-Spokane, WA, United States
| | - Joseph Nguyen
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Neuroscience, Washington State University-Spokane, WA, United States
| | - Mengran Xue
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Washington State University-Pullman, WA, United States
| | - Sandip Roy
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Washington State University-Pullman, WA, United States
| | - James M Krueger
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Neuroscience, Washington State University-Spokane, WA, United States
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Hall S, Deurveilher S, Robertson GS, Semba K. Homeostatic state of microglia in a rat model of chronic sleep restriction. Sleep 2021; 43:5849344. [PMID: 32474610 DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsaa108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic sleep restriction (CSR) negatively impacts brain functions. Whether microglia, the brain's resident immune cells, play any role is unknown. We studied microglia responses to CSR using a rat model featuring slowly rotating wheels (3 h on/1 h off), which was previously shown to induce both homeostatic and adaptive responses in sleep and attention. Adult male rats were sleep restricted for 27 or 99 h. Control rats were housed in locked wheels. After 27 and/or 99 h of CSR, the number of cells immunoreactive for the microglia marker ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule-1 (Iba1) and the density of Iba1 immunoreactivity were increased in 4/10 brain regions involved in sleep/wake regulation and cognition, including the prelimbic cortex, central amygdala, perifornical lateral hypothalamic area, and dorsal raphe nucleus. CSR neither induced mitosis in microglia (assessed with bromodeoxyuridine) nor impaired blood-brain barrier permeability (assessed with Evans Blue). Microglia appeared ramified in all treatment groups and, when examined quantitatively in the prelimbic cortex, their morphology was not affected by CSR. After 27 h, but not 99 h, of CSR, mRNA levels of the anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-10 were increased in the frontal cortex. Pro-inflammatory cytokine mRNA levels (tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, and interleukin-6) were unchanged. Furthermore, cortical microglia were not immunoreactive for several pro- and anti-inflammatory markers tested, but were immunoreactive for the purinergic P2Y12 receptor. These results suggest that microglia respond to CSR while remaining in a physiological state and may contribute to the previously reported homeostatic and adaptive responses to CSR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannon Hall
- Department of Medical Neuroscience, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Samüel Deurveilher
- Department of Medical Neuroscience, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - George S Robertson
- Department of Pharmacology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Kazue Semba
- Department of Medical Neuroscience, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada.,Department of Psychology & Neuroscience, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
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Changed signals of blood adenosine and cytokines are associated with parameters of sleep and/or cognition in the patients with chronic insomnia disorder. Sleep Med 2021; 81:42-51. [PMID: 33636543 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2021.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to investigate whether plasma levels of adenosine, adenosine deaminase (ADA), and certain cytokines change in patients with chronic insomnia disorder (CID), and if so, whether these alterations are associated with poor sleep quality and cognitive dysfunction. METHODS Fifty-five CID patients were selected for the study, along with fifty-five healthy controls (HC) matched to the patients according to their basic data. All subjects completed sleep, emotion, and cognition assessments, with some CID patients also completing an overnight polysomnography. The plasma level of adenosine was measured using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, while ADA level was quantified using a quantitative sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Levels of cytokines, including IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12, TNF-α, and IFN-γ, were measured using Luminex liquid chip technology. RESULTS CID patients had a lower adenosine level, and higher levels of ADA and some of the cytokines (IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-α) compared with controls. In the CID group, plasma concentrations of adenosine were negatively correlated with Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index scores, while concentrations of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α were positively correlated with these scores. Concentrations of IL-1β and TNF-α were negatively correlated with scores on the Chinese-Beijing Version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment. Moreover, levels of IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-2 were positively correlated with memory test errors by CID patients after controlling for confounding factors. CONCLUSIONS The reduced adenosine and elevated cytokine levels of CID patients were associated with the severity of insomnia and/or cognitive dysfunction.
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Deurveilher S, Golovin T, Hall S, Semba K. Microglia dynamics in sleep/wake states and in response to sleep loss. Neurochem Int 2020; 143:104944. [PMID: 33359188 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2020.104944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Sleep has an essential role for optimal brain function, but the cellular substrates for sleep regulation are not fully understood. Microglia, the immune cells of the brain, have gained increasingly more attention over the last two decades for their important roles in various brain functions that extend beyond their well-known immune function, including brain development, neuronal protection, and synaptic plasticity. Here we review recent advances in understanding: i) morphological and phenotypic dynamics of microglia including process motility/growth and gene/protein expression, and ii) microglia-neuron interactions including phagocytosis and contact at synapses which alters neuronal circuit activity, both under physiological state in the adult brain. We discuss how the microglia-neuron interactions particularly at synapses could influence microglia and neuronal activities across circadian cycles and sleep/wake states. We also review recent findings on how microglia respond to sleep loss. We conclude by pointing out key questions and proposing suggestions for future research to better understand the role of microglia in sleep regulation, sleep homeostasis, and the function of sleep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Deurveilher
- Department of Medical Neuroscience, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Tatjana Golovin
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Shannon Hall
- Department of Medical Neuroscience, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Kazue Semba
- Department of Medical Neuroscience, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada; Department of Psychology & Neuroscience, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.
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The role of microglia in thalamic reticular nucleus in acupuncture regulating cognitive deficits in insomnia rats. JOURNAL OF ACUPUNCTURE AND TUINA SCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11726-020-1207-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Astrocytes in the Ventrolateral Preoptic Area Promote Sleep. J Neurosci 2020; 40:8994-9011. [PMID: 33067363 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1486-20.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Although ventrolateral preoptic (VLPO) nucleus is regarded as a center for sleep promotion, the exact mechanisms underlying the sleep regulation are unknown. Here, we used optogenetic tools to identify the key roles of VLPO astrocytes in sleep promotion. Optogenetic stimulation of VLPO astrocytes increased sleep duration in the active phase in naturally sleep-waking adult male rats (n = 6); it also increased the extracellular ATP concentration (n = 3) and c-Fos expression (n = 3-4) in neurons within the VLPO. In vivo microdialysis analyses revealed an increase in the activity of VLPO astrocytes and ATP levels during sleep states (n = 4). Moreover, metabolic inhibition of VLPO astrocytes reduced ATP levels (n = 4) and diminished sleep duration (n = 4). We further show that tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase (TNAP), an ATP-degrading enzyme, plays a key role in mediating the somnogenic effects of ATP released from astrocytes (n = 5). An appropriate sample size for all experiments was based on statistical power calculations. Our results, taken together, indicate that astrocyte-derived ATP may be hydrolyzed into adenosine by TNAP, which may in turn act on VLPO neurons to promote sleep.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Glia have recently been at the forefront of neuroscience research. Emerging evidence illustrates that astrocytes, the most abundant glial cell type, are the functional determinants for fates of neurons and other glial cells in the central nervous system. In this study, we newly identified the pivotal role of hypothalamic ventrolateral preoptic (VLPO) astrocytes in the sleep regulation, and provide novel insights into the mechanisms underlying the astrocyte-mediated sleep regulation.
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Mander BA. Local Sleep and Alzheimer's Disease Pathophysiology. Front Neurosci 2020; 14:525970. [PMID: 33071726 PMCID: PMC7538792 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.525970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Even prior to the onset of the prodromal stages of Alzheimer's disease (AD), a constellation of sleep disturbances are apparent. A series of epidemiological studies indicate that multiple forms of these sleep disturbances are associated with increased risk for developing mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and AD, even triggering disease onset at an earlier age. Through the combination of causal manipulation studies in humans and rodents, as well as targeted examination of sleep disturbance with respect to AD biomarkers, mechanisms linking sleep disturbance to AD are beginning to emerge. In this review, we explore recent evidence linking local deficits in brain oscillatory function during sleep with local AD pathological burden and circuit-level dysfunction and degeneration. In short, three deficits in the local expression of sleep oscillations have been identified in relation to AD pathophysiology: (1) frequency-specific frontal deficits in slow wave expression during non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep, (2) deficits in parietal sleep spindle expression, and (3) deficits in the quality of electroencephalographic (EEG) desynchrony characteristic of REM sleep. These deficits are noteworthy since they differ from that seen in normal aging, indicating the potential presence of an abnormal aging process. How each of these are associated with β-amyloid (Aβ) and tau pathology, as well as neurodegeneration of circuits sensitive to AD pathophysiology, are examined in the present review, with a focus on the role of dysfunction within fronto-hippocampal and subcortical sleep-wake circuits. It is hypothesized that each of these local sleep deficits arise from distinct network-specific dysfunctions driven by regionally-specific accumulation of AD pathologies, as well as their associated neurodegeneration. Overall, the evolution of these local sleep deficits offer unique windows into the circuit-specific progression of distinct AD pathophysiological processes prior to AD onset, as well as their impact on brain function. This includes the potential erosion of sleep-dependent memory mechanisms, which may contribute to memory decline in AD. This review closes with a discussion of the remaining critical knowledge gaps and implications of this work for future mechanistic studies and studies implementing sleep-based treatment interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryce A. Mander
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
- Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
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Wu X, Yang J, Pan Y, Zhang X, Luo Y. Automatic sleep-stage scoring based on photoplethysmographic signals. Physiol Meas 2020; 41:065008. [DOI: 10.1088/1361-6579/ab921d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Garofalo S, Picard K, Limatola C, Nadjar A, Pascual O, Tremblay MÈ. Role of Glia in the Regulation of Sleep in Health and Disease. Compr Physiol 2020; 10:687-712. [PMID: 32163207 DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c190022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Sleep is a naturally occurring physiological state that is required to sustain physical and mental health. Traditionally viewed as strictly regulated by top-down control mechanisms, sleep is now known to also originate locally. Glial cells are emerging as important contributors to the regulation of sleep-wake cycles, locally and among dedicated neural circuits. A few pioneering studies revealed that astrocytes and microglia may influence sleep pressure, duration as well as intensity, but the precise involvement of these two glial cells in the regulation of sleep remains to be fully addressed, across contexts of health and disease. In this overview article, we will first summarize the literature pertaining to the role of astrocytes and microglia in the regulation of sleep under normal physiological conditions. Afterward, we will discuss the beneficial and deleterious consequences of glia-mediated neuroinflammation, whether it is acute, or chronic and associated with brain diseases, on the regulation of sleep. Sleep disturbances are a main comorbidity in neurodegenerative diseases, and in several brain diseases that include pain, epilepsy, and cancer. Identifying the relationships between glia-mediated neuroinflammation, sleep-wake rhythm disruption and brain diseases may have important implications for the treatment of several disorders. © 2020 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 10:687-712, 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Garofalo
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University, Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia - Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome, Italy
| | - Katherine Picard
- Nutrition et Neurobiologie Intégrée, UMR 1286, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Bordeaux University, Bordeaux, France.,Axe Neurosciences, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Quebec, Canada
| | - Cristina Limatola
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University, Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia - Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome, Italy.,IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Agnès Nadjar
- Nutrition et Neurobiologie Intégrée, UMR 1286, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Bordeaux University, Bordeaux, France
| | - Olivier Pascual
- INSERM U1028, CNRS UMR5292, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, Université Claude Bernard Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Marie-Ève Tremblay
- Axe Neurosciences, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Quebec, Canada.,Départment de médecine moleculaire, Faculté de médecine, Université Laval, Québec, Quebec, Canada
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Flux MC, Lowry CA. Finding intestinal fortitude: Integrating the microbiome into a holistic view of depression mechanisms, treatment, and resilience. Neurobiol Dis 2020; 135:104578. [PMID: 31454550 PMCID: PMC6995775 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2019.104578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2019] [Revised: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Depression affects at least 322 million people globally, or approximately 4.4% of the world's population. While the earnestness of researchers and clinicians to understand and treat depression is not waning, the number of individuals suffering from depression continues to increase over and above the rate of global population growth. There is a sincere need for a paradigm shift. Research in the past decade is beginning to take a more holistic approach to understanding depression etiology and treatment, integrating multiple body systems into whole-body conceptualizations of this mental health affliction. Evidence supports the hypothesis that the gut microbiome, or the collective trillions of microbes inhabiting the gastrointestinal tract, is an important factor determining both the risk of development of depression and persistence of depressive symptoms. This review discusses recent advances in both rodent and human research that explore bidirectional communication between the gut microbiome and the immune, endocrine, and central nervous systems implicated in the etiology and pathophysiology of depression. Through interactions with circulating inflammatory markers and hormones, afferent and efferent neural systems, and other, more niche, pathways, the gut microbiome can affect behavior to facilitate the development of depression, exacerbate current symptoms, or contribute to treatment and resilience. While the challenge of depression may be the direst mental health crisis of our age, new discoveries in the gut microbiome, when integrated into a holistic perspective, hold great promise for the future of positive mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Flux
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA.
| | - Christopher A Lowry
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Center for Neuroscience, and Center for Microbial Exploration, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA; Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation and Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Veterans Health Administration, Rocky Mountain Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), Rocky Mountain Regional Veterans Affairs Medical Center (RMRVAMC), Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Military and Veteran Microbiome: Consortium for Research and Education (MVM-CoRE), Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Senior Fellow, VIVO Planetary Health, Worldwide Universities Network (WUN), West New York, NJ 07093, USA.
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Wilod Versprille LJF, van de Loo AJAE, Mackus M, Arnoldy L, Sulzer TAL, Vermeulen SA, Abdulahad S, Huls H, Baars T, Scholey A, Kraneveld AD, Garssen J, Verster JC. Development and Validation of the Immune Status Questionnaire (ISQ). INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16234743. [PMID: 31783555 PMCID: PMC6926937 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16234743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Revised: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The self-assessment of perceived immune status is important, as this subjective observation leads individuals to decide whether or not to seek medical help or adapt their lifestyle. In addition, it can be used in clinical settings and research. The aim of this series of studies was to develop and validate a short questionnaire to assess perceived immune functioning. Five surveys were conducted among Dutch and International young healthy adults (18-30 years old), and two others among older age groups with various health complaints. For the first study, an existing immune functioning scale was modified and elaborated resulting in 23 immune-health-related items, of which the occurrence was rated on a 5-point Likert scale. A student sample was surveyed, and the results were used to shorten the 23-item listing into a 7-item scale with a predictive validity of 85%. Items include "sudden high fever", "diarrhea", "headache", "skin problems (e.g., acne and eczema)", "muscle and joint pain", "common cold" and "coughing". The scale is named Immune Status Questionnaire (ISQ), and it aims to assess perceived immune status over the preceding year. The second study revealed that the ISQ score correlated significantly with a 1-item perceived immune functioning (r = 0.383, p < 0.0001). In the third study, the final Likert scale descriptors were determined ("never", "sometimes", "regularly", "often" and "(almost) always)". The fourth study showed that the test-retest reliability of the ISQ is acceptable (r = 0.80). The fifth study demonstrated the association of ISQ scores with various neuropsychological and health correlates in an international sample, including perceived health and immune fitness, as well as levels of stress, fatigue, depression and anxiety. Study 6 demonstrated significant associations between ISQ scores and experiencing irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) symptoms in a sample of insomnia patients. Study 7 compared the effect of a dietary intervention in participants reporting "poor health" versus "normal health". It is shown that ISQ scores can differentiate between those with poor and normal health, and that an effective intervention is associated with a significant improvement in ISQ scores. Data from Study 7 were further used to determine an ISQ cut-off value for reduced immune functioning, and a direct comparison with 1-item perceived immune functioning scores enabled constructing the final scoring format of the ISQ. In conclusion, the ISQ has appropriate face, content, and construct validity and is a reliable, stable and valid method to assess the past 12 month's perceived immune status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Livia J. F. Wilod Versprille
- Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht University, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands; (L.J.F.W.V.); (A.J.A.E.v.d.L.); (M.M.); (L.A.); (T.A.L.S.); (S.A.V.); (S.A.); (H.H.); (T.B.); (A.D.K.); (J.G.)
| | - Aurora J. A. E. van de Loo
- Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht University, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands; (L.J.F.W.V.); (A.J.A.E.v.d.L.); (M.M.); (L.A.); (T.A.L.S.); (S.A.V.); (S.A.); (H.H.); (T.B.); (A.D.K.); (J.G.)
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, 3584 CM Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Marlou Mackus
- Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht University, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands; (L.J.F.W.V.); (A.J.A.E.v.d.L.); (M.M.); (L.A.); (T.A.L.S.); (S.A.V.); (S.A.); (H.H.); (T.B.); (A.D.K.); (J.G.)
| | - Lizanne Arnoldy
- Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht University, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands; (L.J.F.W.V.); (A.J.A.E.v.d.L.); (M.M.); (L.A.); (T.A.L.S.); (S.A.V.); (S.A.); (H.H.); (T.B.); (A.D.K.); (J.G.)
| | - Titia A. L. Sulzer
- Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht University, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands; (L.J.F.W.V.); (A.J.A.E.v.d.L.); (M.M.); (L.A.); (T.A.L.S.); (S.A.V.); (S.A.); (H.H.); (T.B.); (A.D.K.); (J.G.)
| | - Sterre A. Vermeulen
- Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht University, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands; (L.J.F.W.V.); (A.J.A.E.v.d.L.); (M.M.); (L.A.); (T.A.L.S.); (S.A.V.); (S.A.); (H.H.); (T.B.); (A.D.K.); (J.G.)
| | - Smedra Abdulahad
- Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht University, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands; (L.J.F.W.V.); (A.J.A.E.v.d.L.); (M.M.); (L.A.); (T.A.L.S.); (S.A.V.); (S.A.); (H.H.); (T.B.); (A.D.K.); (J.G.)
| | - Hendrikje Huls
- Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht University, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands; (L.J.F.W.V.); (A.J.A.E.v.d.L.); (M.M.); (L.A.); (T.A.L.S.); (S.A.V.); (S.A.); (H.H.); (T.B.); (A.D.K.); (J.G.)
| | - Ton Baars
- Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht University, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands; (L.J.F.W.V.); (A.J.A.E.v.d.L.); (M.M.); (L.A.); (T.A.L.S.); (S.A.V.); (S.A.); (H.H.); (T.B.); (A.D.K.); (J.G.)
| | - Andrew Scholey
- Centre for Human Psychopharmacology, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, VIC 3122, Australia;
| | - Aletta D. Kraneveld
- Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht University, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands; (L.J.F.W.V.); (A.J.A.E.v.d.L.); (M.M.); (L.A.); (T.A.L.S.); (S.A.V.); (S.A.); (H.H.); (T.B.); (A.D.K.); (J.G.)
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, 3584 CM Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Johan Garssen
- Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht University, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands; (L.J.F.W.V.); (A.J.A.E.v.d.L.); (M.M.); (L.A.); (T.A.L.S.); (S.A.V.); (S.A.); (H.H.); (T.B.); (A.D.K.); (J.G.)
- Immunology Platform for Specialized Nutrition, Danone Nutricia Research, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Joris C. Verster
- Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht University, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands; (L.J.F.W.V.); (A.J.A.E.v.d.L.); (M.M.); (L.A.); (T.A.L.S.); (S.A.V.); (S.A.); (H.H.); (T.B.); (A.D.K.); (J.G.)
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, 3584 CM Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Centre for Human Psychopharmacology, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, VIC 3122, Australia;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +31-30-253-6909
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Microglia-Mediated Synapse Loss in Alzheimer's Disease. J Neurosci 2019; 38:2911-2919. [PMID: 29563239 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1136-17.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 199] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Revised: 11/17/2017] [Accepted: 12/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Microglia are emerging as key players in neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). Thus far, microglia have rather been known as modulator of neurodegeneration with functions limited to neuroinflammation and release of neurotoxic molecules. However, several recent studies have demonstrated a direct role of microglia in "neuro" degeneration observed in AD by promoting phagocytosis of neuronal, in particular, synaptic structures. While some of the studies address the involvement of the β-amyloid peptides in the process, studies also indicate that this could occur independent of amyloid, further elevating the importance of microglia in AD. Here we review these recent studies and also speculate about the possible cellular mechanisms, and how they could be regulated by risk genes and sleep. Finally, we deliberate on possible avenues for targeting microglia-mediated synapse loss for therapy and prevention.Dual Perspectives Companion Paper: Alzheimer's Disease and Sleep-Wake Disturbances: Amyloid, Astrocytes, and Animal Models by William M. Vanderheyden, Miranda M. Lim, Erik S. Musiek, and Jason R. Gerstner.
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Preoperative sleep disruption and postoperative functional disability in lung surgery patients: a prospective observational study. J Anesth 2019; 33:501-508. [DOI: 10.1007/s00540-019-02656-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Sleep Disturbance as a Potential Modifiable Risk Factor for Alzheimer's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20040803. [PMID: 30781802 PMCID: PMC6412395 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20040803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2019] [Revised: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sleep disturbance is a common symptom in patients with various neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and it can manifest in the early stages of the disease. Impaired sleep in patients with AD has been attributed to AD pathology that affects brain regions regulating the sleep–wake or circadian rhythm. However, recent epidemiological and experimental studies have demonstrated an association between impaired sleep and an increased risk of AD. These studies have led to the idea of a bidirectional relationship between AD and impaired sleep; in addition to the conventional concept that impaired sleep is a consequence of AD pathology, various evidence strongly suggests that impaired sleep is a risk factor for the initiation and progression of AD. Despite this recent progress, much remains to be elucidated in order to establish the benefit of therapeutic interventions against impaired sleep to prevent or alleviate the disease course of AD. In this review, we provide an overview of previous studies that have linked AD and sleep. We then highlight the studies that have tested the causal relationship between impaired sleep and AD and will discuss the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying this link. We also propose future works that will aid the development of a novel disease-modifying therapy and prevention of AD via targeting impaired sleep through non-pharmacological and pharmacological interventions.
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Massie A, Boland E, Kapás L, Szentirmai É. Mice Lacking Alternatively Activated (M2) Macrophages Show Impairments in Restorative Sleep after Sleep Loss and in Cold Environment. Sci Rep 2018; 8:8625. [PMID: 29872141 PMCID: PMC5988741 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-26758-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The relationship between sleep, metabolism and immune functions has been described, but the cellular components of the interaction are incompletely identified. We previously reported that systemic macrophage depletion results in sleep impairment after sleep loss and in cold environment. These findings point to the role of macrophage-derived signals in maintaining normal sleep. Macrophages exist either in resting form, classically activated, pro-inflammatory (M1) or alternatively activated, anti-inflammatory (M2) phenotypes. In the present study we determined the contribution of M2 macrophages to sleep signaling by using IL-4 receptor α-chain-deficient [IL-4Rα knockout (KO)] mice, which are unable to produce M2 macrophages. Sleep deprivation induced robust increases in non-rapid-eye-movement sleep (NREMS) and slow-wave activity in wild-type (WT) animals. NREMS rebound after sleep deprivation was ~50% less in IL-4Rα KO mice. Cold exposure induced reductions in rapid-eye-movement sleep (REMS) and NREMS in both WT and KO mice. These differences were augmented in IL-4Rα KO mice, which lost ~100% more NREMS and ~25% more REMS compared to WTs. Our finding that M2 macrophage-deficient mice have the same sleep phenotype as mice with global macrophage depletion reconfirms the significance of macrophages in sleep regulation and suggests that the main contributors are the alternatively activated M2 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley Massie
- Elson S. Floyd College of Medicine, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington, USA
| | - Erin Boland
- Elson S. Floyd College of Medicine, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington, USA
| | - Levente Kapás
- Elson S. Floyd College of Medicine, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington, USA
- Sleep and Performance Research Center, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington, USA
| | - Éva Szentirmai
- Elson S. Floyd College of Medicine, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington, USA.
- Sleep and Performance Research Center, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington, USA.
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Wigren HK, Porkka-Heiskanen T. Novel concepts in sleep regulation. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2018; 222:e13017. [PMID: 29253320 DOI: 10.1111/apha.13017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Revised: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 12/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Knowledge regarding the cellular mechanisms of sleep regulation is accumulating rapidly. In addition to neurones, also non-neuronal brain cells (astrocytes and microglia) are emerging as potential players. New techniques, particularly optogenetics and designed receptors activated by artificial ligands (DREADD), have provided also sleep research with important additional tools to study the effect of either silencing or activating specific neuronal groups/neuronal networks by opening or shutting ion channels on cells. The advantages of these strategies are the possibility to genetically target specific cell populations and the possibility to either activate or inhibit them with inducing light signal into the brain. Studies probing circuits of NREM and REM sleep regulation, as well as their role in memory consolidation, have been conducted recently. In addition, fundamentally new thoughts and potential mechanisms have been introduced to the field. The role of non-neuronal tissues in the regulation of many brain functions has become evident. These non-neuronal cells, particularly astrocytes, integrate large number of neurones, and it has been suggested that one of their functions is to integrate the (neural) activity in larger brain areas-a feature that is one of the prominent features of also the state of sleep.
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Affiliation(s)
- H.-K. Wigren
- Department of Physiology; University of Helsinki; Helsinki Finland
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Cox RC, Jessup S, Olatunji BO. Sleep Disturbance in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: Preliminary Evidence for a Mechanistic Relationship. CURRENT SLEEP MEDICINE REPORTS 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s40675-018-0109-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Montes de Oca Balderas P, Montes de Oca Balderas H. Synaptic neuron-astrocyte communication is supported by an order of magnitude analysis of inositol tris-phosphate diffusion at the nanoscale in a model of peri-synaptic astrocyte projection. BMC BIOPHYSICS 2018; 11:3. [PMID: 29456837 PMCID: PMC5809920 DOI: 10.1186/s13628-018-0043-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2017] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background Astrocytes were conceived for decades only as supporting cells of the brain. However, the observation of Ca2+ waves in astrocyte synctitia, their neurotransmitter receptor expression and gliotransmitter secretion suggested a role in information handling, conception that has some controversies. Synaptic Neuron-Astrocyte metabotropic communication mediated by Inositol tris-phosphate (SN-AmcIP3) is supported by different reports. However, some models contradict this idea and Ca2+ stores are 1000 ± 325 nm apart from the Postsynaptic Density in the Perisynaptic Astrocyte Projections (PAP’s), suggesting that SN-AmcIP3 is extrasynaptic. However, this assumption does not consider IP3 Diffusion Coefficient (Dab), that activates IP3 Receptor (IP3R) releasing Ca2+ from intracellular stores. Results In this work we idealized a model of a PAP (PAPm) to perform an order of magnitude analysis of IP3 diffusion using a transient mass diffusion model. This model shows that IP3 forms a concentration gradient along the PAPm that reaches the steady state in milliseconds, three orders of magnitude before IP3 degradation. The model predicts that IP3 concentration near the Ca2+ stores may activate IP3R, depending upon Phospholipase C (PLC) number and activity. Moreover, the PAPm supports that IP3 and extracellular Ca2+ entry synergize to promote global Ca2+ transients. Conclusion The model presented here indicates that Ca2+ stores position in PAP’s does not limit SN-AmcIP3. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13628-018-0043-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Montes de Oca Balderas
- Unit of Dynamic Neurobiology, Neurochemistry Deprtment Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Insurgentes Sur #3877, Col. La Fama, C.P. 14269 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Horacio Montes de Oca Balderas
- Unit of Dynamic Neurobiology, Neurochemistry Deprtment Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Insurgentes Sur #3877, Col. La Fama, C.P. 14269 Ciudad de México, Mexico
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Tumor necrosis factor alpha in sleep regulation. Sleep Med Rev 2017; 40:69-78. [PMID: 29153862 DOI: 10.1016/j.smrv.2017.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2017] [Revised: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
This review details tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF) biology and its role in sleep, and describes how TNF medications influence sleep/wake activity. Substantial evidence from healthy young animals indicates acute enhancement or inhibition of endogenous brain TNF respectively promotes and inhibits sleep. In contrast, the role of TNF in sleep in most human studies involves pathological conditions associated with chronic elevations of systemic TNF and disrupted sleep. Normalization of TNF levels in such patients improves sleep. A few studies involving normal healthy humans and their TNF levels and sleep are consistent with the animal studies but are necessarily more limited in scope. TNF can act on established sleep regulatory circuits to promote sleep and on the cortex within small networks, such as cortical columns, to induce sleep-like states. TNF affects multiple synaptic functions, e.g., its role in synaptic scaling is firmly established. The TNF-plasticity actions, like its role in sleep, can be local network events suggesting that sleep and plasticity share biochemical regulatory mechanisms and thus may be inseparable from each other. We conclude that TNF is involved in sleep regulation acting within an extensive tightly orchestrated biochemical network to niche-adapt sleep in health and disease.
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Borniger JC, Cisse YM, Surbhi, Nelson RJ. Reciprocal Regulation of Circadian Rhythms and Immune Function. CURRENT SLEEP MEDICINE REPORTS 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s40675-017-0070-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Zhao Z, Zhao X, Veasey SC. Neural Consequences of Chronic Short Sleep: Reversible or Lasting? Front Neurol 2017; 8:235. [PMID: 28620347 PMCID: PMC5449441 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2017.00235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2017] [Accepted: 05/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Approximately one-third of adolescents and adults in developed countries regularly experience insufficient sleep across the school and/or work week interspersed with weekend catch up sleep. This common practice of weekend recovery sleep reduces subjective sleepiness, yet recent studies demonstrate that one weekend of recovery sleep may not be sufficient in all persons to fully reverse all neurobehavioral impairments observed with chronic sleep loss, particularly vigilance. Moreover, recent studies in animal models demonstrate persistent injury to and loss of specific neuron types in response to chronic short sleep (CSS) with lasting effects on sleep/wake patterns. Here, we provide a comprehensive review of the effects of chronic sleep disruption on neurobehavioral performance and injury to neurons, astrocytes, microglia, and oligodendrocytes and discuss what is known and what is not yet established for reversibility of neural injury. Recent neurobehavioral findings in humans are integrated with animal model research examining long-term consequences of sleep loss on neurobehavioral performance, brain development, neurogenesis, neurodegeneration, and connectivity. While it is now clear that recovery of vigilance following short sleep requires longer than one weekend, less is known of the impact of CSS on cognitive function, mood, and brain health long term. From work performed in animal models, CSS in the young adult and short-term sleep loss in critical developmental windows can have lasting detrimental effects on neurobehavioral performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengqing Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiangxiang Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Sigrid C Veasey
- Center for Sleep and Circadian Neurobiology, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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Mander BA, Winer JR, Walker MP. Sleep and Human Aging. Neuron 2017; 94:19-36. [PMID: 28384471 PMCID: PMC5810920 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2017.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 590] [Impact Index Per Article: 84.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2016] [Revised: 02/02/2017] [Accepted: 02/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Older adults do not sleep as well as younger adults. Why? What alterations in sleep quantity and quality occur as we age, and are there functional consequences? What are the underlying neural mechanisms that explain age-related sleep disruption? This review tackles these questions. First, we describe canonical changes in human sleep quantity and quality in cognitively normal older adults. Second, we explore the underlying neurobiological mechanisms that may account for these human sleep alterations. Third, we consider the functional consequences of age-related sleep disruption, focusing on memory impairment as an exemplar. We conclude with a discussion of a still-debated question: do older adults simply need less sleep, or rather, are they unable to generate the sleep that they still need?
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryce A Mander
- Sleep and Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720-1650, USA
| | - Joseph R Winer
- Sleep and Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720-1650, USA
| | - Matthew P Walker
- Sleep and Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720-1650, USA; Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720-1650, USA.
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